MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY. Received °<- ^ J <^ Accession No. Given by .. /^-^^ Place, ■ Jy^ %*flo book OP pampbiet is to be removed ft) U •6 8 w a 0 n 0 U) a a 0 1 < 0 s u nl a n si p. a V a 3 I. Filistata fasciata * 2. Sicaroides ultriformis * * * 3. Loxosceles loncripalpis ... * 4. Coryssocnemis conica i;. Coryssocnemis insularis * 6. Ariadne tarsalis * y. Prosthesima galapagoensis * 8. PcEcilochroa bifasciata * 9. Aysha pacifica * * * * 10. Tegenaria deriiami II. Dictyna parietalis 12. Theridium mixtum * * 13. Lathrodectes apicalis * * * * 14. Argyrodes jucundus * * * * * * * * * * * * 15. Gasteracantiia insulana * * * * * * * * * * * * 16. Argiope argentata * * * * * * * * * * ... * 17- Epeira oaxensis 18. Kpeira labyrinthea * * * IQ. Epeira sfregalis 20. Epeira prompta * * * * * * * 21. Cyclosa caudata * 22. Argyroepeira nigriventris 23. Tetragnatha galapagoensis 24. Tmarus stolzmanni 25. Misumena inclusa 26. Heteropoda venatoria * * * * 27- Selenops galapasfoensis * * * 28. Olios galapagoensis * 29. Odo insularis 30. Odo galapagoensis •X- * * * 31. Lycosa galapagoensis * * * * * 32. Lycosa albemarlensis 33. Lycosa snodsrrassi * * 34. Plexippus pavkulli * 35. Marptusa californica 36. Cyrba insularis 37. Admestina insularis * •X- * * 38. Philreus pacificus * * * 39- Charinus insularis * * 40. Haduroides lunatus * * 41. Centrums princeps * * 42. Atemnus insularis * * * * * 43. Chelanops nigrimanus 44- Ammotrecha solitaria 4^. Amblyomma pilosum * 46. Argas transversa 47. Troglyphus sp. ? 1 ARACHNIDA 55 Epeira labyrinthea : Albemarle, James, Narboro, Charles, Chat- ham, Hood, Barrington, Bindloe, Tower, Abingdon, Indefatigable. Cydosa: Albemarle, Narboro, Hood, Indefatigable. Argyrodes : Albemarle, Narboro. From these considerations I conclude that the Arachnidan fauna of these islands is more closely related to that of the Cen- tral American region than to that of any other portion of the globe. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONS. Order ARANEIDA. Family FILISTATID^. FILISTATA FASCIATA sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 15.) Length 5 mm. Cephalothorax dull yellowish : legs similar, with not very distinct dark marks on the femora beyond middle, and base and tip of tibia, and on tip of metatarsus ; abdomen dark brown above, with two pale spots at base and four curved pale bands, the intermediate two being barely interrupted on the middle line, none of them reaching the sides, also an indistinct apical spot ; venter rather paler than dorsum, espe- cially at base ; sternum yellowish. Cephalothorax of usual shape (broken and positions of eyes not evident) ; palpi large and heavy ; legs rather short and hairy ; abdomen large ; projecting considerably beyond the spinnerets. Two specimens, one young, from Wenman in December. Easily recognized by its banded abdomen and legs. It will fall in F. O. P. Cambridge's genus Filistatoides ; but I do not deem a division of Fil- istata to be necessary. Family SCYTODID^. SICAROIDES ULTRIFORMIS Butler. Thomisoides ultriformis Butler, Proc. Zool, Sec. Lond., 1877, p. 'j'j. Several specimens from Hood Island, May. Described from the Galapagos. The genus occurs in Central America and Chili. LOXOSCELES LONGIPALPIS sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 13.) Length 9 1 1 mm. Cephalothorax, legs and sternum pale yellowish, the legs more red- dish toward tip ; the mandibles pale reddish brown ; dorsal groove 56 BANKS and anterior furrows blackish ; eyes on black spots ; abdomen grayish, more yellow below ; in the male the palpi are yellowish on femora and patellae, reddish beyond ; the eyes in groups as usual, the S. E. in the female fully their longest diameter from the M. E., in the male they are closer to the M. E. Otherwise the structure is similar to L. rufescens, but the male palpus, especially the tibial joint, is much longer than in that species. Ten specimens from Albemarle and Hood, May. Family PHOLCID^. CORYSSOCNEMIS CONICA sp. nov. (PI. I, figs. I, 2, 3.) Length 4.5 mm. Cephalothorax pale yellowish ; with a median brown stripe, not quite reaching to hind border, but in front extending down to clypeus, broad in front, with parallel sides to beyond middle where it is sud- denly constricted to one half the width ; a curved brown stripe each side which is connected to the cornea of the median stripe ; each group of side eyes is situated on a jet black spot ; legs pale, faintly greenish, with a brown preapical band on femora and tibiae beyond which is a band of pure white. Abdomen rather bluish gray, indistinctly marked with darker patches. Cephalothorax broad and flat, eye-region slightly elevated. The median eyes small and above the anterior laterals. Legs long and very slender. Abdomen elevated behind into a pointed cone ; the epigynum prominent. Two specimens from Hood in May. CORYSSOCNEMIS INSULARIS sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 6.) Length 4 mm. Cephalothorax yellowish, black around eyes, a broad median brown stripe reaches from eyes to near hind margin, suddenly narrowed be- fore dorsal groove, a brown median stripe on clypeus ; mandibles pale reddish brown; legs pale brownish, with a very distinct apical white band on all femora and tibiae ; abdomen bluish gray, without marks, paler beneath. Structure as in C. conica, but the legs are much stouter and longer than in that species, and the abdomen is not pro- longed above in a pointed cone, but broadly rounded behind, although it projects considerably over the spinnerets ; the epigynum is large and prominent, reddish brown. One specimen from Iguana Cove, Albemarle Island ; in June. ARACHNIDA 57 Family DYSDERID^. ARIADNE TARSALIS sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 9.) Length 8 mm. Cephalothorax yellowish brown, scarcely darker in eye-region, side margin black; mandibles dark red-brown, almost black at tips; sternum and legs yellowish, metatarsi and tarsi of anterior pairs dark brown, metatarsus I nearly blackish at tips ; abdomen dark gray above, slightly paler beneath; spinnerets pale. General structure as usual ; tibiae I and II with four pairs of stout spines beneath ; meta- tarsi I and II with nine pairs of spines beneath ; a few spines on tibia and metatarsus III; no spines on leg IV except small one under base and one at tip of metatarsus. A few specimens from Culpepper Island, December. This is not the Segestria ceguatoria of Marx, which is a genuine Segestria of usual appearance ; herring-bone mark on back, and banded legs. Family DRASSID^. PROSTHESIMA GALAPAGOENSIS sp. nov. (PI. II, fig. 7.) Length 5 mm. Cephalothorax uniform yellowish brown, margins black; mandibles more red-brown; legs and sternum more yellowish; abdomen grayish brown, paler beneath. Posterior eye-row slightly procurved, the P. M. E. oval and touching at hind angles, about their short diameter from the equal P. S. E. ; quadrangle of M. E. once and one-half higher than broad, broadest in front : anterior eye-row plainly pro- cui-ved, A. M. E. rather larger than P. M. E., less than their diameter apart, and still closer to the equal A. S. E. Sternum but little longer than broad, broad in front, but little wider in middle, pointed be- hind between the hind coxae. Legs moderately slender, no spines under tibiae I and II, one at base and one near tip under metatarsi I and II, many on hind pairs, some above. Abdomen one and three- fourths times as long as broad, but little depressed, and not much widened in the middle, truncate at base, pointed behind. One female from Albemarle taken at sea level near Iguana Cove in June. PCECILOCHROA BIFASCIATA sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 4.) Length 5.5 mm. Cephalothorax and legs shining yellowish brown ; the mandibles and sternum more reddish brown; eyes on black spots; abdomen pale 58 BANKS yellowish, a narrow scarcely visible basal black band, a broad sub- basal band, a still broader, middle band, and two small spots each side near tip, black; spinnerets black; venter pale. Posterior eye- row distinctly recurved; the P. M. E. round, fully their diameter apart, and as far from the equal P. S. E., anterior eye-i"ow procurved, some distance in front of the posterior row, the quadrangle of M. E. being nearly twice as long as broad ; A. M. E. larger than P. M. E., less than their diameter apart, and about one-half their diameter from the smaller A. S. E. Metatarsi and tarsi I and II with scant scopulas ; three pairs of spines under metatarsus I and II ; sternum truncate in front, scarcely wider in middle, blunt behind ; abdomen depressed, the male with a basal reddish horny plate extending nearly to middle band. One male from Narboro in January. Taken from Termite excava- tions in a piece of dried wood washed ashore near the northeast point of the island. Family CLUBIONID^. AYSHA PACIFICA sp-. nov. (PI. I, fig. II.) Length $ 4.5 mm. ; 9 5.5 mm. Cephalothorax pale yellowish brown ; the dorsal groove and an ir- regular stripe each side not reaching hind margin, brown; eyes on black spots; mandibles dark red-brown; legs pale yellowish, hind tibiae distinctly banded with blackish near tip ; abdomen pale, marked with blackish, a large elongate spot each side near base, followed by a series of small and irregular spots, blackish (in the male these marks nearly cover the dorsum) ; venter and sternum pale (in male with three median spots on venter). P. M. E. rather larger than other eyes, A. M. E. fully equal to A. S. E. ; clypeus very low; mandibles stout, but nearly vertical ; legs of moderate length ; fold of venter much nearer to base than to tip. Palpus of male small. Two specimens from Albemarle in January, and one from Chatham in May. Family AGALENID^. TEGENARIA DERHAMI Scopoli. ScoPOLi, Entom. Carniolica, p. 400 (1763). One specimen from water cask (filled in Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island) on schooner, in February. A cosmopolitan species ; the specimen may have come from San Francisco, and not now belong to the Galapagos fauna. ARACHNIDA 59 Family DICTYNID^. DICTYNA PARIETALIS CamiDiidge. Cambridge, Biol. Cent. Amer., Arach. Araneida, i, p. 171 (1896). One specimen from Albemarle Island, in March. Apparently the same as this common Mexican species. Family THERIDIIDiE. THERIDIUM MIXTUM Cambridge. Cambridge, Biol. Cent. Amer., Arach. Araneida, i, p. 206 (1898). Twenty specimens from Albemarle in March ; from James in April ; and from Narboro in April. Described from Guatemala ; also occurs in Texas, and probably in northern South America. Both pale and dark colored forms were taken on same day and at same place. THERIDIUM sp. A small, pale species, with a large globose abdomen. The cephalo- thorax with a broad black stripe, broader behind than in front ; abdo- men with a large black basal spear mai'k, on each side of which is a white mark and a white dot ; leg I with reddish at tip of femur and tibia, also on tip of tibia IV. One female from Albemarle in January. Near to T. lijnaense. Found in a curled leaf, containing also a cocoon and adult of Aysha pacijica. LATHRODECTES APICALIS Butler. Butler, Proc. Zool. See. Lond., p. 75 (1877). Twenty-seven specimens from Bindloe, June; Tower, June; Chat- ham, May, and Charles, May. Described from the Galapagos. It is very much like our common L. itiactans Koch. Does not appear to have been found on Albemarle, though collecting was extensive there at the proper time. Theridium caroliniDU Butl. ibid, is, I think, without doubt, a young specimen of Lathrodectes. ARGYRODES JUCUNDUS Cambridge. Cambridge, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 326 (1880). Keyserling, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., p. 190 (1884). Ten specimens from Albemarle, January, and Narboro, January. Described from Brazil ; occurs also in Mexico and extreme southern California. 6o BANKS Family EPEIRID^. GASTERACANTHA INSULANA Thorell. Thorell, Nya Exotiska Epeirider ; Ofv. K, Vet. Akad. Forh., p. 302 (1859). Twenty-seven specimens from Albemarle, January and June ; Charles, May ; Chatham, May ; James, April ; and Narboro, Janu- ary. Described from the Galapagos. Recorded by both Butler and Marx. It belongs to a group of species very common throughout the warmer parts of America. Those from Chatham Island have the dorsum mostly black, with two rather small spots on anterior half ; in the other specimens these spots cover most of the anterior part of the dorsum. ARGIOPE ARGENT ATA (Fabricius). Aranea argentata Fabricius, Entom. System., 11, p. 414 (1793). Argiopes argentata C. Koch, Die Arach., v, p. 38 (1839). Sixty -four specimens from Albemarle, May ; Charles, May ; James, April ; Narboro, April ; Hood, May ; Bindloe, June ; Harrington, May ; and Indefatigable, May. Very common throughout tropical and subtropical America. EPEIRA OAXENSIS Keyserling. Keyserling, Sitzungsber. d. Isis, Dresden, p. 121 (1863). Keyserling, Die Spinn. Amer., Epeiridae, p. 238 (1893). E. cooksonii Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 76 (1877). E. vertebrata McCooK, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., p. 196 (1888). One hundred and nine specimens from Albemarle, March ; Charles, May ; Chatham, May ; James, April ; Hood, May ; Indefatigable (many), April; Harrington, May, and Duncan, May. E. cooksonii was described from the Galapagos ; E. vertebrata^ from California, and later (McCook, Amer. Spid., vol. Ill, p. 152), recorded from the Galapagos. Marx has called attention to the fact that the two are one species, and in manuscript also refers them to E. oaxensis^ with which I fully concur ; this last species was described, as its names indicates, from Mexico. EPEIRA LABYRINTHEA Hentz. Hentz, Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., v, p. 471 (1847). Eighty-seven specimens from Albemarle, Charles, Chatham, James, Hood (many), Narboro, Tower, Indefatigable, Harrington, Bindloe and Abingdon Islands, in February, March, April, May and June. Widely distributed throughout North and some parts of South Amer- ica. Dr. Marx had, in manuscript, proposed to consider this a dis- ARACHNIDA 6l tinct species, but many of the specimens agree perfectly with speci- mens from the United States, and the variations are not extreme. EPEIRA GREGALIS Cambridge. Cambridge, Biol. Cent. Amer., Arach. Araneida, i, p. 22 (1889). Keyserling, Die Spinn. Amer,, Vol, iv, Epeiridas, p. 177 (1892). Four specimens from Narboro Island in April. Described from Panama ; recorded by Keyserling from Brazil. EPEIRA PROMPTA Hentz. Hentz, Journ. Bost. Soc, Nat, Hist., v, p. 472 (1847). E. parvula Keys., Beschr. n. Orbitel., p. 131 (1864). Eleven specimens from Albemarle, Narboro, and James islands, in February, March, and April. Described from the United States ; oc- curs quite commonly in Mexico and Central America. An extremely variable species, but these specimens are of an ordinary form. CYCLOSA CAUDATA Hentz. Hentz, Journ. Bost, Soc. Nat. Hist., vi, p. 23 (1850), Sixty-five specimens from Albemarle, Hood, Narboro and In- defatigable islands, in January, February, March, April and May. A species widely spread over the United States, Mexico and Central America. ARGYROEPEIRA NIGRIVENTRIS Keyserling. Keyserling, Neue Spinn. a. Amerikas, i, p. 316 (1879). A. fragilis Cambridge, Biol. Cent. Amer., Arach. Araneida, I, p. 6 (1889). A. vohipis Keyserling, Die Spinn, Amer., Vol. iv, Epeiridae, p. 356 (1893). Ten specimens from Albemarle, Narboro, and James islands in February and April. Described from New Granada (Colombia) ; re- corded by Cambridge from Guatemala, and by Keyserling from Brazil. One specimen comes from Cocos Island. TETRAGNATHA GALAPAGOENSIS sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 10.) Length 9 10 mm., $ 7 mm. Cephalothorax, mandibles and legs pale yellowish, eyes on black spots, fang of mandibles dark red-brown, tips of legs dark; abdomen brownish yellow, with a pale irregular stripe around base and on sides, indistinct in the male, venter in the female with a median brown stripe. Eyes with S. E. as widely separated as M. E., and A. S. E. rather smaller than the others. Mandibles in both sexes as long as 62 BANKS the cephalothorax, deflected at angle of 45°, slightly divergent, sub- cylindrical, seen from the side scarcely convex above. In the male there is, on the under side, a row of about twelve teeth at nearly equal dis- tances apart, those at the tip stouter but not much longer than those toward base ; above there are three large subequal teeth near tip, on inner side four, a small one near base, close to it one of the others, these three being subequal in size and very much smaller than those at tip. The fang reaches in an even curve almost to the base of mandibles, its apical third on inner margin is microscopically denticulate. In the female'there is one tooth over base of fang, and one near apical fourth, on inner margin ; below there is a row of six to eight small teeth ; the fang at base beneath is swollen in a blunt tooth. Legs moderately slender, femur I fully twice as long as cephalothorax. Abdomen about twice the length of the cephalothorax, in male nearly cylindrical, in female swollen at base above. The tibia and patella of male palpus are subequal in length, femur very long. Twenty-two specimens from Albemarle and Narboro islands in February and March. Differs from all described species in the armature of the male mandibles. Family THOMISIID.E. TMARUS vSTOLZMANNI Keyserling. (PI. II, fig. 5.) Keyserling, Die Spinn. Amer., Laterigradse, p. 138 (1880). Two specimens from Albemarle Island in March. Described from Peru. It agrees with the description and figure, except that there is a broad brown stripe on the venter of these specimens as usual in the genus. The agreement of the male palpus makes the identification certain. MISUMENA INCLUSA sp. nov. Length 6 mm. (P'- '^ ^S- 12.) Cephalothorax pale yellowish, side of caput rather darker ; eye region surrounded by a white line leaving only an opening behind be- tween the P. M. E. ; a faint white median line on caput; legs pale yellowish, unmarked, spines black ; sternum yellowish ; abdomen pale grayish above and below. Qtiadradrangle of M. E. slightly broader above, about as high as broad above ; eyes of posterior row subequal in size; A. S. E. larger than A. M. E. which are about equal to P. M. E., eyes of anterior row at subequal distances; tibiae I and II scarcely as long as cephalothorax, beneath with two rows of ARACHNIDA 63 four spines ; metatarsi I and II with five pairs beneath ; none on the femora ; abdomen convex, broadest beyond the middle. The male has a brown stripe on each upper side of the cephalo- thorax ; eye region as in female ; legs I and II with the greater part of patella:, apical third of tibiae, apical two-thirds of metatarsi, and apical half of tarsi, red-brown ; a red-brown stripe on each side of abdomen, and a series of median marks above. One pair from Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, in March. Family SPARASSID^. HETEROPODA VENATORIA Linn. LiNNE, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, p. 1037 (1758). Aranea regia Fabricius, Syst. Ent., 11, p. 408 (1793). Six specimens from Charles and Chatham, in May. A common and widely distributed tropical spider; its northward range extends through the extreme southern parts of the United States. SELENOPS GALAPAGOENSIS sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 8.) Length 12 mm. Cephalothorax reddish ; side-margins, dorsal groove and around eyes, black; mandibles red-brown; legs pale, metatarsi black, femora and patelljE marked above with blackish bands, those on tibiae are often darker, confluent, and extend around the joint; sternum paler, apparently slightly bifid at tip ; abdomen pale brown above, paler be- low, above with blackish markings more or less plain, a basal spear- mark and side spots. The epigynum differs much from S. aissa Walck, and S. spixi Perty. Six specimens from Chatham and Albemarle in Febi'uary. OLIOS GALAPAGOENSIS sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 7.) Length 16 mm. Cephalothorax yellowish, darkest in front; mandibles black; legs yellowish, metatarsi and tarsi brown; sternum pale yellowish; max- illae and lips, except tips, dark brown ; abdomen brownish above, with a basal darker spear-mark, margined with pale spots ; venter pale, with a median brown stripe. Extremely similar to O. fascicu- latus of Mexico and the southwestern United States. Differs in the rather smaller size, and proportionately longer legs, most noticeable when coinparing leg II where the tibia plus patella of O. fasclculatus is only equal to the tibia of O. galapagoe^isis. 64 BANKS Fourteen specimens from Chatham, Albemarle and Narboro in January and March. Family CTENID^. ODO INSULARIS sp. nov. (PI. I, fig. 14; PI. n, fig. 13.) Length 917 mm., S 13 mm. Cephalothorax yellowish brown, with a broad black stripe on each side, leaving an equally broad median area, side-margins black, eye- region black ; mandibles black, red-brown on tips ; legs yellow-brown, the tibiae with black bands at base and beyond middle ; palpi blackish on last joint; sternum red-brown, blackish on sides; abdomen black- ish above, with an irregular pale central area, broken into spots behind ; venter pale, with a few scattered dark dots. Eyes as figured for O. agilis; mandibles long; lip broader than long; sternum broad; legs long and stout, three pairs of spines under tibiae I and II, two under these metatarsi, several spines above on tibiae. Legs of male very slender. A few specimens from Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, in February and March. ODO GALAPAGOENSIS sp. nov. Length 12 mm. (PI. 11, fig. 2.) Cephalothorax clear yellowish, black side-margin ; eye-region black, and a broad black stripe on each side, leaving a broad area which narrows behind head, then suddenly widens to surround the black- margined dorsal groove ; mandibles red-brown ; sternum yellow-brown ; legs yellow-brown, usually with apical bands on femora, and basal and preapical ones on tibiae ; dorsum of abdomen mottled with gray and black, below pale, with a few black dots. The S. E. of pos- terior row are not so far back as usual, the S. E. of lower row are rather oblong, the two rows rather closer together than usual ; lip broader than long ; sternum broad ; legs slender, but two pairs of spines under tibiae I and II, and two under these metatarsi ; no spines above on anterior tibiae, but several on posterior. A few specimens from Hood in May, Tower in June, and Chatham in May. Family LYCOSID^. LYCOSA GALAPAGOENSIS sp. nov. Length 12 mm. (^'^te 11, Fig. 3.) Cephalothorax yellowish brown, with a pale stripe through the mid- dle, narrow on eye-region, widened behind, then suddenly constricted, ARACHNIDA 65 then slightly widened again, then tapering to hind margin; the lateral margins irregularly pale; eye-region black; mandibles dark red- brown; palpi yellow-brown, the last joint blackish; legs yellow- brown, usually showing faint darker bands on femora and tibiae, espe- cially of those of the hind pairs, the tarsi of anterior pairs darker; sternum and maxillae reddish brown; abdomen blackish above, with a spear-mark at base, margined each side by pale ; venter pale. Ante- rior eye-row nearly straight, the M. E. about one-half their diameter apart, slightly farther from the subequal S. E., eyes of second row less than diameter apart, eyes of third row equal to those of second; legs moderately stout, on leg I three pairs of spines vmder tibiae, the basal pair as long as width of joint, two pairs under metatarsus I. Several specimens from Iguana Cove, Albemarle Island, in Decem- ber and June ; and Chatham, in May. LYCOSA ALBEMARLENSIS sp. nov. (Platen, Fig. 10.) Length 12 mm. Cephalothorax brown ; a narrow median pale stripe starting in eye region and reaching hind margin, of nearly even width throughout, and a submarginal pale stripe each side; in the brown near the me- dian stripe is an indistinct oblong pale spot ; eye region black ; mandibles light yellow-brown; legs and palpi brownish yellow, darker on tips, rarely with indistinct bands ; sternum and maxillae yellowish ; abdomen black, a spear-mark at base, margined by pale, which behind is broken into spots; venter pale. Anterior eye-row slightly recurved, M. E. less than one half their diameter apart, plainly farther from the slightly smaller S. E. ; eyes of second row less than their diameter apart; legs of moderate size, tibia I with three pairs of spines beneath, the basal pairs much longer than width of tibia ; metatarsus I with two pairs of long spines on basal half beneath. Several specimens, all from Albemarle, in January. LYCOSA SNODGRASSI sp. nov. (Plate II, Fig. i.) Length $ 16 mm., $ 13 mm. Cephalothorax brown, with a rather broad pale median stripe, start- ing as a line between eyes of the second row in front ; dorsal groove, with a small indentation each side, a submarginal pale stripe each side quite close to the margin; eye region and mandibles black; legs and palpi brownish yellow, darker on metatarsi and tarsi ; sternum and maxillae dark ; abdomen dark brown above, in female scarcely Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. , March, 1902. 66 BANKS marked, in male with a large basal pale area containing a dark spear- mark; venter pale or light brown. Anterior eye-row slightly pro- curved, the AI. E. less than one-half their diameter apart, much farther from the plainly smaller S. E. ; eyes of second row a little less than diameter apart ; legs stout ; on tibia I three pairs of spines beneath, the basal pair (in the female) much shorter than width of the tibia, in male longer ; on metatarsus I two pairs of shoi't spines, in male long ones. A few specimens from Albemarle in June, Hood in May, and Chatham in May. Family ATTID^. PLEXIPPUS PAYKULLI Aud. et Sav. AuDOUiN et Savigny, Descr. d. I'Egypte, xxii, p. 172 (1827). A//US ligo Walckenaer, Ins. Apteres, i, p. 426 (1837). Two specimens, one from Tagus Cove, Albemarle, March, the other from James in April. A common tropical spider, extending northward into the southern parts of the United States. MARPTUSA CALIFORNICA Peckham. Peckham, Attidae of N. Amer., p. 81 (1888). One male from Albemarle, in March. Does not appear to differ from typical Californian specimens. Known also from Mexico. CYRBA INSULARIS sp. nov. Length 6.7 mm. Cephalothorax black, abdomen dull black above and below, no trace of the white lines seen in C. tce?tiola^ but venter with a row of pale dots each side ; legs brownish yellow, the first pair darkest, though none are black on any of the joints ; palpi pale ; sternum reddish brown. Cephalothorax flat, similar to C. tceniola^ as is the structure throughout. Epigynum shows a pale cavity nearly as broad as long, traversed by two red parallel lines connected behind. One specimen from Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, in January. ADMESTINA INSULARIS sp. nov. (Plate II, Fig. 4.) Length 3.8 mm. Black, with black, white and yellow hairs, the white and yellow slightly scale-like ; cephalothorax with mostly black hair, a narrow white side-margin ; abdomen above and below sparsely, but regularly clothed with white hairs and a few yellow ones on middle of sides ARACHNIDA 6*] above, not enough to form markings ; legs black, the coxae, patellae and a band on tibiae and tarsi of hind pairs pale, and here clothed with white hair; some white hair above on basal joints of palpi. Cephalo- thorax long, narrow and flat, thoracic part scarcely widened ; anterior eye-row slightly up-curved, the eyes of second row rather nearer to those of the third row than to laterals of first row. Legs short, I the stoutest, especially the tibia, which is sparsely clothed with long fine black hairs ; legs without spines, except two on anterior metatarsi and some weak ones at tips of tibiaa III and IV; some stiff bristles above on the femora. Lip much longer than broad ; anterior coxae sepa- rated by width of lip, hind coxae contiguous, abdomen long, slender, depressed; spinnerets distinct. One male from Mangrove Point, Narboro Island, in April. Appears to be as close to Admestina as to any genus yet described. PHIL^US PACIFICUS sp. nov. Length 4 mm. Cephalothorax reddish brown, darkest in eye region, in male there is a white stripe each side of eye region, but no trace of white median spot ; legs and mandibles yellowish brown, leg I quite dark, hind pairs often pale ; abdomen margined with a whitish stripe ; in female pale above, with four pairs of black spots ; in male shining brown, with three pairs of white dots. Mandibles of male elongate and porrect. Similar in structure to P. militarise but smaller. Five specimens from Albemarle and Narboro in January and April. Order ARTHROG ASTRA. PHRYNIDA. CHARINUS INSULARIS sp. nov. (PI. II, fig. 8.) Length 9 mm. Cephalothorax, mandibles and palpi red-brown ; legs more yellow- ish ; abdomen light brown above ; coxae and venter paler. Cepha- lothorax very broad and short; palpi of usual length; femur in front above with three short spines, below three longer ones, the basal one the longest ; the tibia has above in front five spines, the first near the middle being short, the next three increasing in length, and the fifth shorter than the second ; below there are two spines, the apical the longer; the hand has on inner side two spines, the apical much the longer, and on outer side near tip one spine ; legs short, hind tibiae four- 68 BANKS jointed, the basal joint as long as the three others ; metatarsus as long as first joint of tibia; tarsus tipped with a pulvillus ; sternum is rather small. Eight specimens from Albemarle, Narboro, Chatham, and Hood in March and May. This genus is found only in Australia, in islands of the Pacific, and in southern Asia. SCORPIONIDA. HADRUROIDES LUNATUS Koch. Koch, Verb. zool. hot. Ges., Wien, p. 235 (1867.) H. maculatus Thorell, Atti Soc. Ital., xix, p. 186 (1877). H. charasus KARSCH.'Mitt. Miinch. Ent. Ver., iii, p. 135 (1879). Nineteen specimens from Albemarle, James, Barrington and Nar- boro, in March, April and May. Distributed along the coast region of western South America. CENTRURUS PRINCEPS Karsch. Karsch, Mitt. Miinch. Entom. Ver., in, p. 121 (1879). Kraepelin, Mitt. Mus. Hamburg, viii, p. 139 (1891). Six specimens from Hood and Chatham in May. Previously known only from Hayti, but the specimens agree with this species in all important particulars. The hand is hardly fuscous; the body is pale brownish, sometimes with traces of transverse dark marks; one specimen shows the region between the submedian ventral keels darker than elsewhere ; there are ten full keels on segments one to three ; on under side of fifth segment is a median keel, also a lateral keel and a submedian keel, which latter, however, is not complete but lost in the granulation of the general surface ; the tubercle under the sting is very small ; the fingers show the lobe and cavity as des- cribed by Karsch. The largest specimen is about 44 mm. long. PSEUDOSCORPIONIDA. ATEMNUS INSULARIS sp. nov. (PI. II, fig. II.) Length 3.7 mm. Cephalothorax and abdominal scutoe yellowish brown, darker on anterior half of cephalothorax ; palpi reddish brown, darkest on fingers ; legs pale. Cephalothorax rounded in front, once and one- third as long as broad : at anterior third there is a short transverse de- pression ; on anterior margin are two white eye-spots. Mandibles ARACHNIDA 69 small; lower finger with a minute stylet near tip. Palpi large, stout; femur broadest near base, convex on inner side near base ; tibia about equal to femur, convex each side ; hand stout, tapering each side to the fingers, which are much shoiter than the hand. The trochantins show plainly in all legs. Abdomen elongate, nearly three times as long as cephalothorax, the scutse entire ; body and appendages spar- ingly clothed with simple hairs. Seventeen specimens from Albemarle in January and February. CHELANOPS NIGRIMANUS sp. nov. (PI. II, fig. 6.) Length 2.9 mm. Cephalothorax nearly black; palpi dark red-brown, black on hand, nearly so on base of femur and middle of tibia ; legs pale greenish brown ; abdominal scutae reddish brown. Cephalothorax much taper- ing in front, with an eye-spot on each side ; palpi moderately long ; femur subcylindric, about as long as cephalothorax is broad in middle; tibia fully as long as femur, long pedicellate, inner margin slightly concave before tip ; hand nearly twice as broad as femur, rounded at base, tapering each side to fingers, which ai'e plainly, though not greatly, shorter than the hand, and slightly curved ; on the trochanter, femur and tibia the hairs are short and thick, but not plainly clavate ; similar hairs border the abdominal scutge. One specimen from Albemarle in March. SOLPUGIDA. AMMOTRECHA SOLITARIA sp. nov. (PI-i, fig. 5-) Length, without mandibles, 10 mm. Cephalothorax uniform dull brown ; mandibles brown above ; fin- gers red-brown ; legs and palpi pale yellowish, the femora, tibiae and base of metatarsi of hind pairs blackish brown ; abdomen uniform dull brown above, paler beneath. Cephalothorax with a median fur- row, eye-tubercle slightly elevated ; eyes scarcely their diameter apart ; palpi short and slender, the tibia equal to femur, the metatarsus one- half the length of the tibia, the tarsus two-thirds the length of the metatarsus. The movable finger of the mandibles has two large teeth, and one small tooth at the base of the first large one ; the upper finger has three small teeth, then a large one with a small one on its outer base, then two rather small teeth; there is a small ridge above on the fingrer. yo BANKS One specimen from Iguana Cove, Albemarle Island, in December. Order A CARINA. Family IXODID.^. AMBLYOMMA PILOSUM Neumann. Neujuann, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, p. 209 (1899). Many specimens from Albemarle in March ; one from Narboro in April. Described from the Galapagos Islands from a specimen in the Marx collection. ARGAS TRANSVERSA sp. nov. (PI. II, fig. 9.) Length i.i mm.; width 2.1 mm. Blackish, legs paler. Body flattened, nearly twice as broad as long; around the margin are rows of tubercles, each bearing a short stiff bristle, the upper row with the longest bristles ; the surface above is traversed by many irregular lines, dividing the surface into irregular flattened elevations; a median and two lateral depressions and two behind; below granulate on sides; behind the legs the surface is clothed with yellowish sharp denticles; legs short, scarcely visible from above, hairy ; mouth-parts small. One specimen from Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, in February. Easily recognized by shape of body. Family TYROGLYPHID^. TYROGLYPHUS sp. A few specimens from Narboro Island, in March. Not sufficient material for determination. ARACHNIDA *J1 PART II. field notes on species described in part i. By Robert E. Snodgrass. SICAROIDES ULTRIFORMIS. Rare; secured at only one place in the archipelago, viz., under rocks on flat area at top of cliffs west of Gardner Bay, Hood Island. The soil at this place and the unweathered under sides of the surface rocks are of a bright brick-red color. All the individuals of this spider seen were also of this same color. They were, accordingly, inconspicuous so long as they remained quiet. Several other nor- mally colored species occurred at the same place. The eggs are inclosed in a cup-shaped case, having a flat top with a projecting rim (Plate iii, fig. 9). A nest secured is composed of fine particles of earth held together in a delicate network of threads (Plate III, fig. 10), having, consequently, the same color as the rock to which it was attached, and, were it not for its extraordinary shape, would appear to be a part of it. The nest was taken in April. In September numerous young spiders had emerged through a transverse slit-like opening near the top, extending so far around that the top was almost separated from the rest like a lid. LOXOSCELES LONGIPALPIS. All the Hood Island specimens were taken at the same locality as the last species. They occurred in the crevices of rocks lying on the surface. Some were without webs, others had an irregular one spun about them in the recesses of the rock. CORYSSOCNEMIS CONICA. Found only on Hood Island, under rocks at top of cliffs west of Gardner Bay, along with last two species. Spins an irregular web on the under surfaces of rocks. Exceedingly swift in its movements. On disturbing one it first darted out of its web, then as quickly back again, and, clinging to the center, vibrated it so rapidly as to be almost invisible. AYSHA PACIFICA. Rare in the archipelago. The Albemarle specimens were both taken in the Turtle Point mangrove swamp. One was secured in a net by beating the leaves of the trees, the other was taken with its 72 SNODGRASS cocoon within the cavity of a dead pendent mangrove leaf having the two edges rolled together (Plate in, fig. 2). The Chatham speci- men was taken from an exposed cocoon containing the adult and numerous young ones. DICTYNA PARIETALIS. Only one specimen seen. Taken at Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, from irregular network of straight threads spun about the end of an acacia twig. THERIDIUM MIXTUM. Found only on Albemarle, Narboro and James Islands. On Albe- marle the species was found only on the dryer parts of the island. It was abundant in the dry, brushy region surrounding Tagus Cove, but none were found at Iguana Cove or in the mangrove swamps. Of the two Narboro specimens one is from the southeast side of the island at an elevation of about 1,500 feet, the other is from the mangrove swamp at Mangrove Point. The James specimens were taken at James Bay. The webs constructed by this species on the Galapagos Islands gen- erally consist of a large and irregular netsvork of threads spun across one another in all directions, most frequently attached to the side of the trunk of a Palo Santo tree (the only tree of the islands) or sus- pended between the trunks of two neighboring trees. One was found in the hollow of a dead Palo Santo stump. Often the web has the form of a flat sheet. Two specimens taken at Tagus Cove had appar- ently appropriated deserted webs of Epeira labyrinthea^ since they were found in webs consisting in part of a network like that spun nor- mally by their own species, but having connected with it also a reg- ular orb. The spider remains in the center of the web concealed beneath a shelter formed of bits of foreign material generally taken from the immediate vicinity, and resembling an accidental accumulation of such matter. For example, hiding places of webs in acacia bushes were generally made of bits of acacia leaves; the hiding place of one sus- pended in the hollow of a dead stump was made of pieces of dead wood, while hiding places of webs on the sides of trees frequently had bits of bark in them. The one specimen from James Island had its hiding place formed of a small sheet of closely-spun silk in the center of the web, together with a few bits of dead twigs and a dried leaf. In one case the spider had for its nest a curled leaf bent into a U-shape, sus- pended at the center of the web with the arms hanging downward (Plate III, fig. 6). Beneath the middle of the leaf is an inverted cup- shaped cavity used by the spider as its retreat. In another web was ARACHNIDA 73 found a large, elaborate and artistically constructed nest (Plate in, , fig. 5) niade of twigs and leaves, and so bound together with threads as to form, beneath and within the mass, a spacious chamber accessible through a circular opening in one side. To the upper part of the side of this nest are attached two small spherical egg cocoons {eg-). LATHRODECTES APICALIS. For the most part rare in the archipelago. Common only on Charles where they were found in May about Black Beach and were especially common along the lower part of the road leading from the beach to the upper parts of the island. They live here in cavities of lava fragments lying loosely on the ground, spinning an irregular web about the entrance to their retreat. The spiders usually keep out of sight, but may generally be found in some crevice or hole of the lava blocks near the web. On Chatham only a few individuals were seen, and the species was rare on Tower. On Bindloe it was rather abundant. The webs were here generally on the ground at the side of loose stones, or had one edge attached to the stone and the other to the ground. The spiders themselves hid, as did those on Charles Island, in crevices of the stones near the webs. ARGYRODES JUCUNDUS. Mostly taken from the web of a Gasteracaiitha itisulana^ some taken from small orbs attached to large ones of this species, one taken alone in an isolated orb. In the first two cases the Gasteracantha webs were occupied also by their proper owners. GASTERACANTHA INSULANA. Common on all the islands on which it occurs, except James. Has no special habitat. About Tagus Cove, Albemarle, equally abundant on the dry hillsides and in the wettest parts of the mangrove swamps; common also in the Narboro mangrove swamps, but very scarce in the swamps of Elizabeth Bay, Albemarle ; abundant at sea level at Iguana Cove, Albemarle, and specimens found here also at 2,000 feet elevation. The species constructs large regular orbs always vertical or nearly so. The spiders are conspicuous everywhere on account of their color and are easily captured for they make no attempt to escape or to de- ceive the intruder. Apparently they have no natural enemies on the islands. 74 SNODGRASS ARGIOPE ARGENTATA. This spider is common on most of the hirger islands. It constructs large regular orbs, each having a conspicuous white zig-zag band spun across the center, remaining itself at the center of the orb with the abdomen directed upward and away from the web. When ap- proached it leaps through one of the meshes of the web and assumes a similar position on the side away from the intruder so quickly that one does not easily observe the change of position, noticing only a sudden movement of the spider. In January small individuals were abundant in the patches of salt grass growing along the inner edge of the mangrove swamp at Turtle Point, Albemarle. These constructed three sorts of webs. One was a plain simple orb, another had the white zig-zag line through the center, or several such lines, the third had a white cen- tral disc formed of a thread spun irregularly but closely over the hub of the orb. The spiders in these webs with central discs first re- versed their positions on the web when disturbed, and then, if further annoyed, dropped into the grass ; those in the other webs dropped at once. Egg cocoons may be hung directly in the orbs, but are more fre- quently suspended in straight lines spun miscellaneously at one side of the orb. A large number of spiders often inhabit a small bed of cac- tus, the space not occupied by their orbs being mostly taken up with a network of straight lines bearing egg cases. These are flat (Plate III, fig. 8), all of some shade of green or yellow, and have the edges drawn out into angular lobes where the supporting threads are fastened. The species is pretty generally distributed, living in barren as well as in fertile places. It is infrequent within the mangrove swamps, but their edges form a favorite habitat. EPEIRA OAXENSIS. By far the most abundant spider of the archipelago, but absent on all the northern islands — Abingdon, Bindloe, Tower, Wenman and Culpepper. Predominates on all the islands in its range except on Hood where it is surpassed in numbers by Epeira labyrinthea. They construct large strong-threaded orbs between bushes at a height of from one foot to six or seven feet. At Iguana Cove, Albemarle Island, the webs were so numerous that scarcely any two neighboring bushes were without at least one web between them, and often a nar- row passage in the vegetation would be spanned by many webs placed abreast of one another. Walking here was very disagreeable on ac- ARACHNIDA 75 count of the webs. At James Bay, on James Island, the species was present in enormous numbers, being here even more numerous than at Iguana Cove. On Charles the webs were of such strength that they often entangled and firmly held the large powerful variety of Schisto- cerca melanocera that occurs here. On the other islands the species was less numerous, though abundant on Chatham and Indefatigable. EPEIRA LABYRINTHEA. Most widely distributed spider of the archipelago — unknown only on Duncan, Wenman and Culpepper. Second in numbers to Epeira oaxensis ; predominates over this species on Hood Island, where in- dividuals are also of unusually large size. The species occurs where- ever there is vegetation, but not on the barren lava fields. The webs are of the ordinary form as made by the species elsewhere, consisting of an orb and labyrinth. The hiding place in the center of the labyrinth consists ordinarily of a few bits of leaves. Anomalous forms, such as the following, are frequently met with. A Tagus Cove spider had the labyrinth spun about the end of a twig of cotton, and made the tip of the twig serve as a hiding place. A web was found on the northern Seymour Island consisting merely of a vertical orb a few inches from the ground, suspended above by a long hori- zontal thread attached at each end to bushes. In the bush at one end of this line was a very small labyrinth consisting of a few short threads spun irregularly across one another. In this was suspended an &^^ cocoon at the lower end of which the spider had her retreat. In some cases hiding places consisted of a small sheet of white silk suspended horizontally in the center of the labyrinth, sometimes with bits of foreign matter attached. A Harrington spider had its orb in- clined at an angle of about forty-five degrees and the nest was sus- pended by means of a few threads near the upper edge of the orb. The Hood Island individuals, in nearly all cases, constructed very scanty labyrinths. They generally consisted of merely a few lines radiating outwards from the hiding place, or egg cocoon, to convenient points of attachment. There were commonly only about five of these lines, and they usually lay all in one vertical plane, parallel with the orb. The number of lines observed varied from two to eight. Where but two were present, one extended upward and the other downward, virtually, one line. One web was found on this island constructed on more nearly the ordinary type, having the labyrinth composed of a large number of threads, but in this case even, most of the threads lay in a plane parallel with the orb. Labyrinths of these styles are 76 SNODGRASS frequently met with on the other islands but are by no means the pre- vailing types. Two individuals were found on Hood Island having each an orb but no labyrinth. In each case the spider was at the center of the orb on a small vertical sheet of closely spun silk. Males are infrequently met with ; only one was found having an orb web, two were taken in labyrinths without orbs; all the other males of the collection were taken from the webs of females. The eggs are enclosed in elongate, conical cases (PI. iii, fig. 7) hung vertically in the center of the labyrinth, and often decorated on the outside by bits of dried leaves. A cavity in the lower end of the co- coon serves the spider as a hiding place, the original one being discarded when the cocoon is formed. The interior of the cocoons (PI. iii, fig. i) is divided by horizontal septa into several superimposed chambers. In each is placed a spherical mass of eggs covered over with a soft and rather thick covering of silk, but the entire pellet does not nearly occupy all of the cell. EPEIRA GREGALIS. Found at only one place in the archipelago, viz., at Mangrove Point, Narboro Island. One specimen was taken from an empty basal capsule of a mangrove pod. At the side of this was a horizontal orb web connected with the cavity of the capsule by a gangway of threads. All the other specimens were taken from a colony of eight nearly vertical orbs and numerous intersecting lines spun miscel- laneously amongst the forks of a piece of dead mangrove wood lying on the beach. Three of the orbs were occupied by a spider at the center. Attached to the straight threads at the side of the empty webs were a number of egg cocoons, some of them open and some of them closed. Two adult spiders were taken from closed cocoons ; one was taken from an open case in which were also numerous moulted skins of young spiders. EPEIRA PROMPTA. The webs of this species are the same as those of Cyclosa caudata, consisting of a vertical orb with a long horizontal line above. On Albemarle the species was found only amongst the bushes in the small canyon at the head of Tagus Cove. On Narboro it was com- mon on the lava fields along the eastern shore. The webs were here mostly stretched across fissures in the lava. Early in the morning the spiders were to be found in the centers of their webs, but an hour or so later none were to be seen. When disturbed they as- cend the orb to the horizontal line at the top and run along this to the rock at one side, hiding there in some crevice. ARACHNIDA 77 CYCLOSA CAUDATA. Most abundant on the lava fields of Albemarle north and east of Tagus Cove and w^est of Elizabeth Bay, and on Narboro along the east shore ; a few^ found in the brushy vegetation immediately about Tagus Cove ; rare at James Bay on James Island and on the southern Seymour Island; found elsewhere only on Hood. On the last island there are no open lava fields. The species, though not abundant on Hood, was not scarce, and its webs were nearly always to be found in open rocky places. In its habits this species, on the Albemarle and Narboro lava fields, was almost gregarious, for wherever found there were generally pres- ent in the immediate vicinity a large number of individuals. They constructed their webs under projecting ledges of lava, between neigh- boring lava blocks, amongst the multitude of sharp pinnacles and rough prominences of the lava surface, but especially in the fissures of the lava. In fissures three to four feet wide often a great many webs occurred close to and parallel with one another stretched across from one side to the other. In one such crack in the lava field, inland about a mile from Tagus Cove, were counted fifty parallel webs of this species in a length of about fifteen feet. The webs are vertical orbs generally supported above by a thick, straight, horizontal line having accessory stay lines running from it to the webs at the sides of and below the orb. The spider occupies the center of the orb, and usually, not always, when approached, first rapidly vibrates the web, then if the intruder approaches still nearer and attempts to molest the spider or even touches the web, ascends to the upper horizontal line and runs along this toward the support at one end. If still further annoyed the spider closes its legs beneath the body and drops to the ground, where it relies for protection on its re- maining motionless and on its resemblance to the particles of lava and soil amongst which it has fallen. Egg cocoons were found in several webs at Tagus Cove, in March. The cocoons were elongate papery cases attached to a thick vertical thread, running from the center of the orb in some cases to the upper horizontal line, and in others to a support several feet above the orb. ARGYROEPEIRA NIGRIVENTRIS. A rare Galapagos species. Found on Albemarle only in the man- grove swamps west of Elizabeth Bay. The Narboro specimen was taken on the southeast slope of the central mountain at an elevation 78 SNODGRASS of about 1,500 feet. Almost the entire surface of this island consists of barren lava of apparently recent date. A few small scattered remnants of an older and rather luxuriant vegetation, how- ever, have been left uncovered, and it was on such an oasis that the specimen of this species was taken. It was the only Epeirid found here. The single James Island specimen was taken at James Bay. This species is the most common Arachnid of Cocos Island, where it generally constructs a fine, light and very delicate orb, but often simply an irregular network of straight threads. TETRAGNATHA GALAPAGOENSIS. Taken only on Narboro Island at Mangrove Point and on Albe- marle Island west of Elizabeth Bay. The webs are generally hori- zontal. The Narboro specimens were taken in mangrove swamps. Some of the Albemarle specimens are from reedy swamps back of the mangrove swamps along the shore, and others were taken on the barren lava, where they were associated with Cyclosa caudata. TMARUS STOLZMANNI. Both specimens taken in the small brushy canyon at head of Tagus Cove, Albemarle. When disturbed they attempt to escape notice by remaining perfectly motionless on a twig, with the long anterior legs stretched out straight in front of the body. MISUMENA INCLUSA. Specimens all taken under bark of trees. The Albemarle speci- mens are from the Elizabeth Bay mangrove swamps. None could be found in the Turtle Point swamp on Albemarle, which swamp is, with regard to all other species, much richer than the Elizabeth Bay swamps. HETEROPODA VENATORIA. Common on Charles and Chatham Islands under stones, beneath bark of trees and in houses. Charles and Chatham are the only islands that have been inhabited for any length of time. OLIOS GALAPAGOENSIS. Found only at Tagus Cove, Albemarle, on Chatham and on Nar- boro. Taken at Tagus Cove from sea level to top of neighboring mountain — 4,000 feet ; found on ground and in holes of large carpen- ter bee (^Xylocopa) in branches of bushes. ARACHNIDA 79 Three egg-cocoons were secured — one on Chatham, one on Albe- marle and one on Narboro. The Chatham nest (Plate in, fig. 3) is ovate, the longer diameter an inch and a half, and is composed of a tough, papery web-fabric. It was attached in an upright position by its larger end to an Acacia branch about six feet above the ground. There was no opening, but within was an adult female and a packet of eggs. The Albemarle nest resembles the Chatham one, but is smaller and has an opening in the top closed by a flap which the fe- male within drew tightly shut when disturbed by thrusting one of her legs over the outside of it. In this one were the adult female and nu- merous young spiders. The Narboro nest (Plate iii, fig. 4) differs from the other two. It consists of a silken cell attached to the upper surface of a flat mangrove leaf, and has two curled leaves closely fastened down to its top and sides, being thus flattened, and wholly hidden within the leaves. It had no opening, but contained, as did the Chatham nest, a packet of eggs, and an adult female who was very active when liberated. The eggs, in both cases, were held in a spher- ical mass by a very gauzy silk wrapping. ODO INSULARIS. Specimens taken on the ground under logs about Tagus Cove, Albemarle. LYCOSA GALAPAGOENSIS. Found rather abundant on Chatham Island about Wreck Bay and in the higher cultivated parts. The Albemarle specimens were taken at sea level near Iguana Cove. Not met with elsewhere in the archi- pelago. LYCOSA ALBEMARLENSIS. Taken only in the long wet salt grass growing about the inner edge of the Turtle Point mangrove swamp, Albemarle Island. LYCOSA SNODGRASSI. Taken on Chatham and Albemarle at the same localities as Lycosa galapagoensis. The Hood specimens were secured under rocks near Gardner Bay. PHIL^US PACIFICUS. The Narboro specimen was taken from the inside of a silk cocoon, otherwise empty, attached to a mangrove leaf in a swamp at Mangrove Point. CHARINUS INSULARIS. Rather rare in the archipelago; found on the ground under logs and stones. The Albemarle specimens were taken at Tagus Cove in 8o SNODGRASS very dry places ; those from Narboro were found at an elevation of 1,500 feet on the side of the central mountain of the island. HADUROIDES LUNATUS. Found more numerous about Tagus Cove on Albemarle than any- where else in the archipelago. Not abundant, however, here. Found under bark of trees and beneath logs and stones, often in excessively dry places. One specimen was dug up from eight inches below the surface and another found at top of Tagus Cove mountain, 4,000 feet. CENTRURUS PRINCEFS, Rather abundant under rocks on Hood Island. On Chatham found only at an elevation of 1,000 feet in the interior of island. ATEMNUS INSULARIS. Found only on Albemarle. Rather common under the bark of trees in the Turtle Point mangrove swamp. A diligent search in the swamp at Elizabeth Bay at the same time of year yielded only one specimen. CHELANOPS NIGRIMANUS. This Pseudoscorpion apparently has a very different habitat from the last. The single specimen obtained was found within the hollow of a dead twig of a bush in the small, very dry valley at the head of Tagus Cove, Albemarle. The cavity in the twig opened to the ex- terior by a small round hole in one side. AMMOTRECHA SOLITARIA. Only one individual met with. Found under a log at Iguana Cove, Albemarle. AMBLYOMMA PILOSUM. Extremely abundant on the land tortoises of the archipelago. Found adhering, often in great numbers, to the loose skin of the neck and about the bases of the legs and tail. Abundant also on the vege- tation of Albemarle, but not found on birds. ARGAS TRANSVERSA. The single specimen taken was found on a leaf of a bush growing at an altitude of 1,200 feet on the Tagus Cove mountain. TYROGLYPHUS sp. All taken from orb-webs on the lava fields of Narboro near Man- grove Point. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., March, 1902. PLATE I. Fig. I. Coryssocnemis cotiica, cephalothorax. 2. " " " ej-es. 3. " " " side view. 4. Pcecilockyoa bifasciata. 5. Ammotrecha solitaria, mandible. 6. Coryssocnemis insularts, side view. 7. Olios galapagoe7tsis, epigynum. 8. Selenops galapagoensis, epigynum. 9. Ariadne tarsalis. 10. Tetragnaika galapagoensis, mandible. 11. Aysha pacifica^ epigynum and palpus. 12. Misumena inclusa^ eyigynum and palpus. 13. Loxosceles longipalpis, palpus. 14. Odo insularis, palpus. 1 5 . Filistata fascia ta. (82) PROC. WASH. ACAD. SCI., VOL. IV. PLATE I. GALAPAGOS ARACHNIDA PLATE II. Fig. I. I^ycosa snodgrasii. 2. Odo galapagoetisis^ epigjnuin. 3. Lycosa galapagoetist's. 4. Adtnestt'na itisiilarh. 5. Tmarus siolztiiatini palpus. 6. C/ielanops Jiigyimaniis, palpus. 7. Prosthesitna galapagocnsis, epigjnum 8. Chartnus insttlaris^ palpus. 9. Argas transversa. 10. Lycosa albeinarlensis. 11. Atemnus insularis. 12. Odo insularis, epigjnum. (S4) PROC. WASH. ACAD. SCI., VOL. IV. PLATE II. GALAPAGOS ARACHNIOA PLATE III. Fig. I. Egg cocoon of Efeira labyrinthca with side removed to show cham- bers and egg packets. (X 2>^. ) 2. Curled mangrove leaf containing nest of Aysha pacijica. Natural size. 3. Nest of Olios galapagoejisis. Natural size. 4. Three mangrove leaves containing nest of Olios galapagoensis. % natural size. 5. Hiding place and egg cases i^eg) of Theridium mixtutn. (X i/^O 6. Hiding place of Theridium 7nixtiim. (X 2.) 7. Egg cocoon and hiding place of Epeira labyrinthea. (X i^O 8. Egg cocoon of Argiope argentata. (X 2.) 9. Egg cocoon of Sicaroides ultriformis attached to piece of lava. Nat- ural size. 10. Particles of lava composing egg cocoon of Sicaroides ultriforfnis, showing binding threads. (X iS.) (S6) PROC. WASH. ACAD. SCI., VOL. IV. Plate hi. R. E. SNOOaRASS, OEL. GALAPAGOS ARACHNIDA PROCEEDINGS OF THE WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. IV, pp. 87-116. [Plates iv-viii.] March 27, 1902. PAPERS FROM THE HARRIMAN ALASKA EXPEDITION. XXVII. APTERYGOTA. By Justus Watson Folsom. University of Illinois. This paper deals with the Collembola and Thysanura collected in Alaska in June and July, 1899, by Professor Trevor Kincaid, of the Harriman Expedition, with the addition of a few forms collected by him in 1897. These are especially welcome as nothing has been published hitherto concerning the Collembola of Alaska, and because, with three exceptions, all of Professor Kincaid's species are either new or little known. Moreover, they suggest interesting problems in geographic distribution, a subject yet in its infancy, as regards this group. Fourteen forms are here described as follows : Neanura gigantea Tull. Entomobrya kincaidi sp. nov. Neamira ornata sp. nov. Tofnocerus niger Boiirl., type. Anurida amorita sp. nov. Tofnocerus niger Bourl., var. AfJioriira octopunctata (Tull.) arcticus Schott. Aphorura detitata sp. nov. Totnocerus niger Bourl., var. Isoto7na jimetaria (L.) Tull. americanus Schott. Isotoma viridis Bourl., type. Papirius pahnatus sp. nov. Isoto7na viridis Bourl., var. Machilis arctica sp. nov. arctica Schott. Types of the above species and subspecies have been de- posited in the United States National Museum, and all the Harriman specimens retain the numbers of the original labels. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., March, 1902. (87) 88 FOLSOM NEANURA GIGANTEA TuU. (PI. IV, fig. i; PI. VI, figs. 11-13.) Amtra £^/jfanUa TuLLhKKG, Ofv. k. vet. Akad. forh., xxxiii, no. 5, p. 41, taf. II, fig. 59, 1876 (Siberia). — Schott, K. sven. vet. Akad. hand., xxv, no. II, p. 94, 1894 (Siberia). Neanw'a gigaiitea Schaffer, Fauna Arctica, i, lief. 2, p. 240, 1900. General color of alcoholic specimens indigo blue, with conspicuous blackish tubercles (fig. i); living examples pruinose (Tullberg). Head twice as broad as long, with twelve large tubercles, including those bearing the eyes, arranged as in fig. i. Eyes (fig. 11) five on either side. Postantennal organs (figs. 11, 13) each composed of more than 100 clavate papillae forming a rosette. Antennje half as long as the head, conical, with segments related in length as 4 : 3 : 2 : 6 ; basal and second segments half as long as broad ; third and fourth coales- cent ; the minute antennal tubercles become successively smaller on each segment. Body oval in dorsal aspect ; the number of large tuber- cles on each successive segment is, respectively, 6, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 6, 2 ; the tubercle at either end of each transverse row is behind the others, on the first seven segments ; on the seventh, both are also ventral and inconspicuous ; on the eighth, four are ventral and two dorsal ; the ninth segment is bent under and bears two small tubercles. Legs short and stout; claws (fig. 13) alike, stout, uniformly curving and tapering, strongly unidentate on the inner margin and minutely tuber- culate. Cuticula finely tuberculate ; large tubercles also reticulate (fig. 11), bearing several long stiff yellow setfe. Maximum length, 5 mm. Two forms occur : broad ones, in which breadth is to length as I : 1.79 ; and narrow ones, in which the ratio is i : 3.27. This differ- ence of proportion is independent of age, as it exists between speci- mens of equal length ; it is found in other species of Neanura^ and is presumably a sexual distinction. Twenty-five specimens, St. Paul Island, Bering Sea, 1897. The original description, although brief, suffices to place this well marked and monstrous species. Tullberg and Schott have recorded it from several localities in Siberia, Yenisei River (Latitude 61° to 73°)* Schott also notes the species from the vicinity of St. Lawrence Bay. Tullberg (1876, p. 29) is confident that Neamira gigantea does not occur in Nova Zembla, Spitzbergen or Greenland. APTERYGOTA 89 NEANURA ORNATA sp. nov. (PI. IV, fig. 2 ; PI. VI, figs. 14-18.) White (fig. 3). Head (fig. 14) slightly longer than broad, rounded triangular. Eyes (fig. 14, e, '^')\ five, Popof Island, 1S99 (Nos. 59, 66) ; one, Sitka, June, 1899 (No. 61). I have found no species to which M. arctica is closely allied. Its most distinctive characters are the relative lengths of body, antennae and cerci, the coloration of the head, form and position of the eyes and the color and form of the antennal and palpal segments. I04 FOLSOM BIBLIOGRAPHY. Absolon, K. igoo Studie o jeskvnnich supinuskdch [Studies on Moravian Cave Aptery- gota]. Vestni'k Klubu prir Prostejove, R. 3, pp. 5-39, figs. 1-24, i pi. Becher, E. 1886 Insekten von Jan Majen. Beob. Ergeb., bd. 3, pp. 59-66, pi. 5. Bourlet. 1839 Memoire sur las Podures. Mem. soc. sc. agric. arts Lille, pt. I, pp. 377-417, I pi. 1841-2 Memoire sur les Podurelles. Mem. soc. agric. etc. Nord. Sep., 1843, Douai, 78 pp., I pi. Carpenter, G. H. and Evans, W. 1899 The Collembola and Thysanura of the Edinburgh District. Proc. r. phys. soc. Edinburgh, vol. 14, pp. 221-266, pis. 5-8. Carpenter, G. H. 1900 Collembola from Franz-Josef Land. Sc. proc. r. Dublin soc, vol. 9 (n. s.). pt. 3, pp. 271-278, 18 figs. Dalla Torre, K. W. v. 1895 Die Gattungen und Arten der Apterygogenea (Brauer). Sep. 46 Prog, k. k. St. -Gym. Innsbruck, 23 pp. Fabricius, 0. 1780 Fauna Groenlandica, pp. 21 1-2 14. Hafniae et Lipsije. Gervais, P. 1844 In Walckenaer, Histoire naturelle des insectes aptdres, t. 3, pp. 377-456, atlas pis. 50-52. Paris. Gmelin, J. F. 1788-93 In Linne, Systema Naturae, ed. 13. Lipsise. Kieffer, J. J. 1900 Beitrag zur Kenntniss der um Bitsch vorkommenden CoUembolen. Berl. ent. Zeits., bd. 45, hft. 1-2, pp. 113-114. Lie-Pettersen, 0. J. 1897 Norges Collembola. Bergens mus. aarb. (1896), no. 8, 24 pp., 2 pis. 1898 Apterygogenea in Sogn und Nordfjord 1897 u. 1898 eingesammelt. Bergens mus. aarb., no. 6, 18 pp., i pi. Linnaeus, C. 1746 Fauna Suecica, ed. i, pp. 342-344. Stockholmiae. 1761 Fauna Suecica, ed. 2, pp. 472-474. Stockholmiae. Lubbock, J. 1862 Notes on the Thysanura. Pt. 2. Trans. Linn. soc. Lond., vol. 23, pt. 3, pp. 589-601, pi. 59. 1873 Monograph of the Collembola and Thysanura. 255 pp., 78 pis. London. APTERYGOTA IO5 MacGillivray, A. D. 1891 A Catalogue of the Thysanura of North America. Can. Ent., vol. 23, pp. 267-276. 1896 The American Species of Isotoma. Can. Ent., vol. 2S, pp. 47-5S. Meinert, F. 1897 Neuroptera, Pseudoneuroptera, Thysanopoda, Mallophaga, Collembola, Suctoria, Siphunculata, Groenlandica. Vidensk. Med. naturh. Foren. Kjobenhavn (1896), pp. 167-173. Miiller, 0. F. 1776 Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, pp. 183-184. Havniae. Nicolet, H. 1841 Recherches pour servir a I'histoire des Podurelles. Extr. nouv. m^m. soc. helv. so. nat., vol. 6, 84 pp., 9 pis. 1847 Essai sur une classification des insectes apteres de I'ordre des Thysan- oures. Ann. soc. ent. France, s^r. 2, t. 5, pp. 335-395, pis. 5, 6. Oudemans, J. T. 1890 Apterygota des Indischen Archipels. Weber, Zool. Ergeb., bd. i, hft. 1, pp. 73-92, taf. 6, 7. Leiden. Packard, A. S. 1873 Synopsis of the Thysanura of Essex County, Mass., with Descriptions of a few extralimital forms. Fifth ann. rept. trust. Peab. acad., pp. 23-51- Parona, C. 1875 Delle Poduridi e specialmente di quelle raccolte a Pavia. Ann. sc. r. ist. tec. Pavia, pp. 87-119, 2 pis. 1878 Collembola. Saggio di un Catalogo delle Poduridi italiane. Atti. soc. ital. sc. nat., vol. 21, pp. 559-611. Sep., 53 pp. 1883 Di alcune Collembola e Thysanura raccolte dal Professore P. M. Ferrari, con cenno corologico delle Collembola e Thysanura italiane. Ann. mus. civ. St. nat. Geneva, vol. iS, pp. 453-464. 1888 Res Ligusticoe VI. Collembole e Tisanuri finora riscontrate in Liguria. Ann. mus. civ. st. nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol, 6 (26), pp. 133-154, tav. I, ::. Reuter, 0. M. 1891 Podurider frin nordvestra Sibirien, samlade af J. R. Sahlberg. Ofv. finsk. vet. soc. fdrh., bd. 33, pp. 226-229. 1895 Apterygogenea Fennica. Acta soc. faun, flora fenn.. bd. 11, no. 4, pp. 1-35, taf. I, 2. Schaffer, C. 1896 Die Collembola der Umgebung von Hamburg und benachbarter Gebiete. Mitt, naturh. mus. Hamburg., jhg. 13, pp. 147-216, taf. 1-4. 1898 Die Collembola des Bismarck-Archipel nach der Ausbeute von Prof. F. Dahl. Arch. Naturg., jhg. 64, bd. i. hft. 3, pp. 393-425, taf. 11, 12. igoort Die arktischen und subarktischen Collembola. Fauna Arctica, bd. i, lief. 2, pp. 257-258. igood Ueber vviirttembergischc Collembola. Jahreshefle. Vereins vaterl. Naturk. Wiirttemberg, bd. 56, pp. 245-280, taf. 6. I06 FOLSOM Scherbakof, A. M. I8g8a Einige Bemerkungen iiber Apterygogenea, die bei Kiew 1S96-1897 gefunden wurden. Zool. Anz., bd. 21, pp. 57-65, 9 figs. i8g83 [Materials for the apterygogenea fauna in the vicinity of Kief.] 31 pp., 3 pis. Kief. (In Russian.) iSgga Zur Collembolen-Fauna Spitzbergens. Zool. Anz., bd. 22, p. 47, 3 figs. 1899;^ [Collembola.] 6 pp., i pi. Kief. Schott, H. 1891 Nya nordiska Collembola. Ent. tidsk., krg. 12, pp. 191-192, 2 figs. 1894 Zur systematik und verbreitung palaearctischer Collembola. Kongl. sven. vet. akad. hand., bd. 25, no. 11, 100 pp., 7 pis. 1896 North American Apterygogenea. Proc. Cal. acad. sc, ser. 2, vol. 6, pp. 169-196, pis. 16-18. Tomosvary, 0. 1882 Adatok hazdnk Thysanura-faundjdhoz. Math. term, kozlem, Magyar Ak., vol. 18, pp. 1 19-130, I pi. TuUberg, T. 1871 Forteckning ofver Svenska Podurider, Ofv. k. vet. akad. forh., irg. 28, no. I, pp. 143-155- 1872 Sveriges Podurider. K. sven. vet. akad. hand., bd. 10, no. 10, 70 pp. 12 pis. 1876 Collembola borealia. Ofv. k. vet. akad. forh., &rg. 33. no. 5, pp. 23-42, taf. 8-11. Uzel, J. 1891 Thysanura Bohemiae. Sitzber. k. boh. Gesell. Wiss., bd. 2, pp. 3-82, taf. I, 2. Wahlgren, E. 1899 Ueber die von der Schwedischen Polarexpedition 1898 gesammelten Collembolen. Ofv. k. vet. akad. forh., 4rg. 56, no. 4, pp. 335-340. 1899 Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Collembola-Fauna der ausseren Scharen. Ent. tidsk., krg. 20, hft. 2-3, pp. 183-193. PLATE IV. Fig. I. Neanura giganteaTwW. (X20). 2. " ornata, sp. nov. (X6o). 3. Anurida amorita, sp. nov. (X 18). 4. Isotoma viridis Bourl., type (X 13) • 1;. " " " var. arctica Schott (X 12). (108) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate IV *^^f ill ftr X^ AA AJ \ 'I- ,...v- ALASKA APTERYGOTA. PLATE V. Fig. 6. Mac/ii'h's arcfica, sp. nov. (X^)- 7. " " " " antenna (X 30)- 8. " " " " left maxillary palpus (X30). 9. " " " '• right labial palpus (X 30). 10. " " " " left mid leg (X 30)- Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate: V. > ^^^ ALASKA APTERYGOTA. PLATE VI. Fig. II. JVeanurn gt'gatitea Tull.; eyes of left side (X 127). 12. " " " left postantennal organ (X434)- 13. " " " left aspect of hind foot (X 99)- 14. " ornata sp. nov.; head; eyes indicated by e, e, e (X99)- 15. " " " " left aspect of left antenna (X 127). 16. " " " " ventral aspect of head (X 60). 17. " " " " metanotal sets (X434)- iS. " " " " right aspect of left fore foot (X 367)- ig. Aiiurida amoriia sp. nov.; eyes and postantennal organ of right side (X200). 20. Anurida amorita sp. nov.; left postantennal organ (X434)- 21 " " " " right " " (X434)- (figs- 20 and 21 are from the same individual.) 22 Anurida amorita sp. nov.; dorsal aspect of right antennal organ (X367)- 23. Amirida a7norita sp. nov.; left mid foot (X200). 24. " " " " right aspect of right fore foot (X 300). (112) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. iv. Plate VI. ALASKA APTERYGOTA. J Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., April, 1902. PLATE VII. Fig. 25. Apkorura octoptuictata Tull.; right postantennal organ, etc. ( X 367). 26. " " " dorsal aspect of right antennal organ ( X 434)- 27. Aphorura octoputictata Tull.; left aspect of left hind foot ( X 367). 28. " " " left aspect of left anal spine ( X 357)- 29. " dentata sp. nov.; represents arrangement of dorsal pseudo- celli ( X 20). 30. Aphorura dentata sp. nov. ; right postantennal organ ( X 434)- 31. " " " " deeper structure of postantennal organ ( X 434)- 32. Aphorura dentata sp. nov.; base of right antenna ( X 127). 33. " " " " dorsal aspect of right antennal organ (X434)- 34 Aphorura dentata sp. nov. ; left aspect of right hind foot ( X 200). 35. " " " " dorsal aspect of anal spines ( X 200). 36. ' " " " right aspect of right anal spine ( X 200). 37. Isotoma fimetaria (L.) Tull.; antenna ( X 60). 38. " " '* " left aspect of right hind foot ( X 434)- 39. " " " " left mucro ( X 434)- 40. " viridis 'QowxX., var. arctica Schott; ejes and postantennal or- gan of right side ( X 200). 41. Isotoma viridis Bourl., var. arctica Schott; left aspect of left fore foot ( X 200). 42. Isotoma viridis Bourl., var. arctica Schott; right aspect of right mucro (X 434)• ("4i Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate VI I ALASKA APTERYGOTA. PLATE VIII . Fig. 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 5« Eiitomobrya kmcaidi^T^. nov.; eyes of right side (X374)' " " " " left aspect of left hind foot (X 434)- " " " " left aspect of left mucro (X 434)- Tomocerus niger Bourl., type; right aspect of right fore foot (X 367)- " " " " dental spines (X 200). " " " var. «;rc^/c«5 Schott; eyes of right side (X 367). " " " " " " right aspect of left hind foot (X367)- Tomocerus niger Bourl., var. arcticus Schott ; dental spines (X 200). " " " " " " doubled dental spines (X200). Tomocerus niger Bourl., var. arcticus Schott ; dental spines slightly ab- normal (X 200). Tomocerus niger Bourl., var. americattus Schott ; dental spines (X 200). Papirius palmatus sp. nov.; eyes of left side (X 127). " " '< I' igft aspect of left hind foot (X 367)- " " " " left aspect of left mucro, etc. (X 200). Machilis arctica sp. nov.; dorsal aspect of head (X 28). " " " " cuticular figure (X434)- (116) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate VIII. ALASKA APTERYGOTA. PROCEKDINGS WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. IV., pp. 117-374. [Plates ix-xi.] May 29, 1902. PAPERS FROM THE HARRIMAN ALASKA EXPEDITION. XXVIII. HYMENOPTERA. By William Harris Ashmead. Assistant Curator, U. S. National Museum. CONTENTS : . . 117 Introduction 12'? Systematic account Heterophaga : I. Apoidea "^ J -J I II. Sphecotdea -^ I '^4 III. Vespoidea ■^'^ IV. Formicoidea •'^ V. Proctotrypoidea = ^ VI. Cynipoidea "^ VII. Chalcidoidea ^^3 VIII. Ichneumonoidea 4 Phytophaga: IX. Siricoidea ^^^ X. Tenthredinoidea ^^"^ INTRODUCTION. Alaska has long been a Urra incognita to the Hymenopterol- ogist Up to the year 1899, the date of the Harriman Expedi- tion, less than 30 species of Hymenoptera were known from this vast territory. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May, 1902. (^'7) Il8 ASHMEAD In this paper 335 species are recorded, of which number 201 are regarded as new to science and are here first described. Of the 10 superfamilies, into which the order is now divided, all are represented in Alaska and are distributed into 29 families and 183 genera. Two of these genera, Dallatorrea and Hyfo- ' syntactus are new, and of the remainder, thirty have not been previously reported from North America. This sudden and great increase of our knowledge in this field, in so short a time, is due mainly to the Harriman Expedition and to its indefatigable collector. Professor Trevor Kincaid. The distribution of some of the species taken is most inter- esting. Four species, namely, Lissonotus riijicoxis Schmieds- knecht, Triclistns ciirvator Fabricius, Alysia mmiducator Panzer and Ichneiitcs reiinitor Nees, are European, and three of them have not before been reported from North America. The last two mentioned are, however, widely distributed over Europe from the Arctic to the Mediterranean, and will doubtless be found to occur in Asia also. Alysia mandticator is parasitic upon dipterous larvae [Musctdce), while Ichneutes reunitor de- stroys the willow saw-flies {NematidcR). Two bumble bees, Bombzis pleural is Nylander and B. mela- nopygus Nylander are Asiatic occurring in Siberia. Bombics moderatus Cresson is also recorded from Bering Island off the coast of Asia. Others of the bees taken occur in British Columbia, Hudson Bay Territory and in some parts of the northwestern States, /. ^., Washington, Oregon, California and Utah ; only a few extend their range into the mountains of New Mexico, Idaho, and Colorado. A similar distribution is ob- served in some of the Sphecoidea and Vespoidea. The ant, Myrmica IcBvinodis Nylander is found in Europe and in Asia — Turkestan and Siberia; and another species, Lasius niger Linne, is found in Europe, northern Africa, Japan and Asia. In the Ichneumonoidea and the Tenthredinoidea, many of the known species have a wide distribution throughout the Boreal Zone, i. e., British Columbia, Canada and the northern United States. Very few are found in the Austral region and these occur principally in the Transition Zone ; while still fewer are HYMENOPTERA II9 known from the Upper Austral Zone, all being common species with a wide distribution, namely, Metacoelus IcBvis Cr., Ofhion bill nea turn Say, Enicos^ilus furgatus Say, Dolcrus afrilis Norton, etc. The results of the collection in this order, made by the Harri- man Expedition, are therefore most surprising considering that nearly all were taken in the coastal region, w;thin the brief period of two months, between the first of June and the first of August. They fully demonstrate that this gold-bearing country is as rich in representatives of this order as any other similar region of boreal America ; and they make it highly probable that when the interior of Alaska has been thoroughly exploited, a large majority of the species occurring in the Boreal Zone (British Columbia, Upper Canada and in the higher alti- tudes of the United States) will be found. In this contribution towards the results of the Expedition I have also included, with the permission of Dr. C. Hart Merriam, editor of the papers of the expedition, all known Hymenoptera from Alaska and have incorporated all unstudied Alaskan material in the National Museum with the threefold object of [ci) giving the results of the Harriman Expedition, {V) describing the new species in the National Museum, and {c) giving a com- plete list of Alaskan Hymenoptera, for the benefit of students and for the guidance of future expeditions, so that special efforts may be made to collect in families and genera not yet reported from Alaska. I congratulate Mr. Harriman upon the splendid results obtained by his expedition and the National Museum in being made the depository of the rich collections made in the classes Insecta and Arachnida — the finest ever made in Alaska. The arrangement of the families and genera is in accordance with the writer's views on the classification of these insects. All species not otherwise credited were received from the Harriman Expedition. It should also be noted that the specimens credited to the Fur Seal Commission, with few exceptions, were also collected by Professor Kincaid. The following is a systematically arranged summary of the results : I20 ASHMEAD TABULAR EXHIBIT SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED OF ALASKAN HYMENOPTERA. Superfamilies. Families. Genera. Number of Species. Old. New. Total. Apoidea Sphecoidea . Vespoidea Formicoidea Proctotrypoidea. Cynipoidea... Chalcidoidea Ichneumonoidea Bombidse Bombus Psithyridae Psithjrus AndrenidcB \ Andrena Crabronidae Ectemnius Clj'tochrysus... Thyreopus . ... Blepharipus .... Dolichocrabro Passalsecus Mimisa Arachnophila. . Pemphredonidse Pompilidse. ... Vespida j Vespa., Eumenidae Odynerus Chrysididse ! Omalus Myrmicidse Myrmica ; Leptothorax Formicidae , Formica j Lasius Proctotrypidae Proctotrypes Belytidse Zelotypa Aclista Zagota Diapriidae Spilomicrus Ceraphronidae Lygocerus Figitidae ! Tetrarhapta Eucoela Alloxysta Torymidae Torymus Miscogasteridae Terobia Pteromalidae ' Eutelus Eulophidae , Tetrastichus j Elachistus Eulophus Ichneumonidae Automalus Sten ichneumon.. Ichneumon Melanichneumon.. Cratichneumon.... Probolus Platylabus Centeterus Eriplatys Xestophya Asynocrita ' Exolytus I Atractodes Stibeutes Stiboscopus Bathj'metis Plectocryptus.... Microcryptus Plesiognathus... Hedylus Bachia 12 I 17 2 HYMENOPTERA 121 TABULAR EXHIBIT SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED OF ALASKAN HYMENOPTERA. — Continued. Superfamilies. Families. Genera. Number of Species. Old. 1 New. Total. Ichneumonoidea ... Ichneumonidae Spinolia 2 I I I I 2 1 I 2 3 5 2 lO Acr oly ta Thestis Aclastus Habromma Algina yEnoplex Ilapinastes Isochresta Thaumatotvpus — Theroscopus Pezomachus Cryptoideus Himertosoma Lampronota Trevor ia Lissonota Pimplopterus Harrimaniella Ecthrodoca Pimpla Epiurus Glvpta Holcostizus Odontomerus Cubocephalus Xylonomus Spanoctecnus Dallatorrea Hvpocryptus Mesoleptus Microplectus Cteniscus ' Diaborus Monoblastus Poljblastus Scorpiorus Trematopjgus Cosmoconus Trjphon Tryphoctonus Sychnoportus Tlemon Polyterus Hyposyntactus Calliphrurus Gemophaga lO Mesoleius 2 Bassus Promethes Note : New genera in black face type. 122 ASHMEAD TABULAR EXHIBIT SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED OF ALASKAN HYMENOPTERA. — Continued. Superfamilies. Ichneumonoidea Siricoidea Tenthredinoidea. . Families. Ichneumonidae . Aljsiidae. Braconidae . Siricidae. Lydidffi . Bioblapsis , Zootrephes Phthorina Enizeinon Homotropus .... Sjnoplus Hypoleptus Neuroteles Deleter Tapinops , Atmetus Orthocentrus... Phrenosemus.... Stenomacrus.... Camarotops .... Triclistus Metacoelus Ophion , Enicospelus .... Atrometus Campoplex Zachresta Phcedroctonus.. Olesicarnpa Hjpothereutes Ischnoscopus .. Limnerium Ameloctonus.... Paniscus Mesochorus Isurgus Catastenus....... Plectiscus Aljsia Anarcha Delocarpa Rhizarcha Gjrocampa Liposcia Praon...., Aphidius Djscoletes Chelonus Protapanteles .. Apanteles Microplitis Ichneutes Desmiostoma... Macrodyctium.. Exothecus Rhogas Sirex Itycorsia Cephaleia Number of Species. Old. New. Total. HYMENOPTERA 123 TABULAR EXHIBIT SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED OF ALASKAN HYMENOPTERA. — Continued. Superfamilies. Families. Genera. Number of Species. Old. New. Total. Lydidae Batroceros I I 1 I I 6 2 6 I 8 3 I 4 I I 2 3 I I 2 I I Fenusa I Erjthraspides Monophadnus Para.selandria Poecilostomidea ... Pachjnematus I I I I 6 Tenthredinidse Cimbicidae 2 6 I Pontania 8 Pteronus 3 I 4 I Amauronematus ... Dolerus Emphytus Pachyprotasis Macrophya I 2 Tenthredo 13 I Allanthus Cimbex I Trichiosoma 2 Total 134 201 335 Thus it appears that 10 superfamilies, 29 famiHes, 183 genera (2 being new) and 335 species (201 being new) are now known from Alaska. SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT. Suborder HETEROPHAGA Ashmead. Superfamily I. APOIDEA Ashmead. Family BOMBID^. Genus Bombus Latreille. BOMBUS MODERATUS Cresson. Bombiis modesties Cresson, Proc. Ent, Soc. Phil., 11, p. 99, 9 (nee tnodestus Smith), 1863. Bo/nbus fnoderatusCv.^s.SO'a, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., 11, p. 109, 1863. — Cresson, Syn. Hym, North America, p. 308, 1887. — Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Islands, iv, p. 336, 1899. Bombus terricola var. modestiis Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, iii, p. 234, 1888. Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 558, 1896. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Kodiak, July 20. One female, six workers. 124 ASHMEAD I cannot agree with Herr Handlirsch, of the Hofmuseum, Vienna, Austria, who has reduced this species to a variety of B. terricola Kirby, with which it is not even closely allied. BOMBUS CALIFORNICQS Smith. Bomhus californicus Smith, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., ii, p. 400, $cf, 1854. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., 11, p. 97, cJ*^ ?, 1863. — Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vri, p. 230, 1879. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 307, 1887. — Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, in, p. 243, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 513, 1896. Bojnbus vosnesenski Radoszkowski, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, xxxv, p. 589, T. 6, f. 2, 1863. Bot7ibus flavifrons Smith, Lord's Naturalist in Vane. Isl. , 11, p. 34, 1866. Bombus cobimbicus Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym. Wien. Ent. Zeitg., ix, p. 139, 1890. Type in British Museum. From Sitka {teste Handlirsch). BOMBUS NEVADENSIS Cresson. Bombtts pennsylvanicus Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 94, (^ {nee De Geer), 1863. Bombus nevadensis Ck'ESSO^, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, v, p. 102, $(j^ 1874. — Cresson, Rep, Geogr. & Geol. Surv. looth merid., v, p. 728, PI. 34, f. 5, 1875. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 308, 1887. — Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, in, p. 245, T. 10, f. 3, 11, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 538, 1896. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Alaska (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey), Nevada, Utah, Colorado. BOMBUS PROXIMUS Cresson. Bombus proxhnus Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 98, ^, 1863. Bombus howardii vzx. proxttmts Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vil, p. 231, 1879. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 308, 1887. Bombtis terricola var. proximus Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, in, p. 234, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p, 559, 1896. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Alaska (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). BOMBUS NEGLECTULUS sp. nov. Female. — Length 17 mm. Black and clothed with a black pubes- cence, except as follows : The anterior portion of the thorax above, and a small spot just in front of the tegulae are clothed with a pale yellowish pubescence ; the scutellum has two tufts of yellowish pubes- cence but mixed with black hairs on their inner margins, while the third dorsal abdominal segment at apex and laterally.^ and the fourth entirely are clothed with a fulvo-rufous pubescence. HYMENOPTERA 1 25 The head is clothed with a black pubescence ; the malar space is long, nearly one-half the length of the eyes ; the second joint of the flagellum is much shorter than the first, or the third, and scarcely longer than thick ; while the wings are blackish fuscous, the tegulas piceous, impunctate. Worker. — Length 13 mm. Agrees well with the female in color, except that the head has a tuft of yellowish hairs on the vertex and on the face, while the mesopleura are also yellowish. The fulvo-rufous pubescence on abdominal segments 3 and 4 is confined entirely to the lateral margins, the median portion of the segments being bare and shining, while the fifth segment also has a small tuft of fulvo-rufous hairs at its extreme lateral margins. Male. — Unk no wn . Tyfe.—Q-A\.. No. 5718, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Alaska (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). In the collection of the American Entomological Society is a single worker agreeing well with the female, except in its smaller size, and labelled Bombus hoivardu Cresson, Silver Lake, Utah, July 16. This species comes evidently nearest to B. medius Cresson and B. dzibius Cresson, but is easily separated from both by the difference in the color of the scutellum and abdomen, and by the longer malar space. BOMBUS MCKAYI sp. nov. Female. — Length 19 mm. Black, clothed with a black pubescence, the middle of the face below the antennae, thorax above anteriorly, scutellum posteriorly and the third, fifth and sixth dorsal segments of abdomen clothed with a pale yellowish-white pubescence, the black pubescence of the second segment overlaps the base of the third and the black pubescence of the fourth segment overlaps the base of the fifth or the hairs are white at apex. The head seen from in front, is a little longer than wide, the malar space being distinct, rather long, as long as the pedicel and first joint of the flagellum united ; the forehead, between the ocelli and base of the antenuce is distinctly punctate ; the ocelli are pale and arranged almost in a straight line ; while the wings are fuscous with the tegulae and the veins black. Legs black, with a small spot of hairs at apex of front and middle tibia before and behind, and the hind tibiae before and behind fringed with fulvous hairs. The antennae are broken off at tips but the joints of the flagellum remaining are as follows : The first joint is the longest, obconical, a little longer than the third or fourth, which are equal in length and a little longer than the second. 126 ASHMEAD Type. — Cat. No. 5719, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Nushagak River (Chas. W. McKay). Received through U. S. Dept. Agric. BOMBUS COUPERI Cresson. Botnbus couperi Cresson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 185, 9. 1878. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 307, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym,, X, p. 515, 1896. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. Popof Island, July 3, 4; Seldovia, July 7; Nushagak River (Chas. W. McKay). All sexes are represented. BOMBUS OREGONENSIS Cresson. Bombus oregonensis Cresson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 185, (^, 1878. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 308, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., X, p. 538, 1896. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. Fox Point, July 20 ; Kodiak, July 20 ; Juneau, July 25 ; Seldovia, July 26 ; Popof Island, July 4. BOMBUS FRIGIDUS Smith. Bombus frigidus Smith, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., 11, p. 399, $ cf, 1854. — Cres- son, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 100, $ § cf, 1863. — Provancher, Add. Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 341. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 521, 1896. Botnbus carriei Greene, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vii, p. 170, i860. Type in British Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. This species is found in Arctic America, Hudson Bay Territory, throughout British Columbia to Vancouver Island and in some high altitudes in the United States — mountains of Colorado and New Mexico. BOMBUS SITKENSIS Nylander. Botnbus sitkensis Nylander, Notis Saellsk. faun, et fl. Fenn. Forh., i [Adnot.], p. 235, 9 cJ*. 1848. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 102, 9 ?. 1863. — Dalla Torre, Bar. naturw. mediz., Ver. Innsbr., XII, p. II, (^, 1882. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 309, 1887. — Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, iii, p. 232, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 549, 1896. — Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Islands iv, p. 336, 1899. Botnbus primellcE Cockerell, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), vi, p. 391, 1899. Kukak Bay, July 4. Siberia: Bering Island (Dr. L. Stejneger) ; Copper Island (Barrett-Hamilton). Nev/ Mexico (T. D. A. Cock- erell) ; White Mts. HYMENOPTERA I27 BOMBUS NEARTICUS Handlirsch. Bojttbus nearticus Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien., in, p. 243, ? g c^, 1888. Type in Hofmuseum, Vienna, From Juneau, July 3^; Wrangell (H. F. Wickham). Occurs also in Canada, Idaho and California. BOMBUS GELIDUS Cresson. Bombus gelidus QYt.^?>'&o^, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 184, 9. 1878. Bombus vielanopygus Handlirsch {nee Nylander), Ann. Hofmus. Wien, Hi, p. 231, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., X, p. 533, 1896. Bombus kineaidii Cockerell, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), 11, p. 324, 9Sd^, 1898. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Aleutian Islands (Cresson) ; Pribilof Islands (Kincaid). Dr. Henry Skinner has kindly sent me the type of this species for exami- nation, and Professor Cockerell's B. kineaidii proves to be identical with it. BOMBUS POLARIS Curtis. Bombus panaris Curtis, Ross's 2d Voy., App., p. Ixiii, 9d^. 1831. — Erich- son, Arch. f. Naturg., i, p. 288, 1836. — Smith, Cat. Hym. Brit. Miis., II, p. 397, 9, 1854. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila,, 11, p. loi, 1863. — MacLachlan, Journ, Linn. Soc. Zool., xiv, p. 106, 1877. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 540, 1896. Type in British Museum, From Kodiak, July 30 ; Seldovia, July 25- BOMBUS PLEURALIS Nylander, Bombus plfuralis Nylander, Notis. Saellsk faun, et fl. Fenn. Forh., i [Adnot.] p. 231, 9d^. 1848. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 96, 9c?i 1863. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 540, 1896. From Popof Island, July 8, 9, 11 ; Kodiak, July 30, Also found in Siberia. BOMBUS SYLVICOLA Kirby, Bombus syhneola Kirby, Faun. Bor.-Amer., iv p. 272, 1837. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 106, 9. 1863. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 309, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 548, 1896. Bombus gelidus Cockerell {7iec Cresson). Type in British Museum, From Kukak Bay, July 4 ; Popof Island, July 9; Seldovia, July 21 ; Unalaska, August 37, BOMBUS JUXTUS Cresson. Bombus juxtus Cresson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 187, 9. 1878. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 308, 1887. Botnbzis flavifrons Handlirsch {jiee Cresson) Ann. Hofmus. Wien, in, p. 231, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 520, 1891, Bombus parvidus Cockerell. 128 ASHMEAD Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Kukak Bay, July 4 ; Matlakatla ; Nushagak River (Chas. W. McKay) ; Wrangell (H. F. Wickham). BOMBUS MELANOPYGUS Nylander. Bombiis melanopyge Nylander, Notis. Saellsk. faun, at fl. Fenn. Forh. i [Adnot.], p. 236, 9. 1848. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 103, 1863. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 308, 1887. Bombus fnenestriesii Radoskowski, Bull. Soc. Natur. Moscou, xxxii, p. 843, d^?. PL 5, f. 6, 1859. Bombus meianopygus Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, ill, p. 251, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x,'p, 533, 1896. Bombus /acusfrt's Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 11, p. 103, 1863. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 308, 1887. — Provancher, Add. Fn, Hym., p. 340, 1888. ? Bombus ternarius var. lacustris Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, iii, p. 251, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 533, 1896. Type of lacustris Cresson, in collection of the American Entomolog- ical Society. From Berg Bay, June 10; Juneau, June 7, July 35; Kodiak, July 20; Seldovia, July 21 ; Wrangell (H. F. Wickham) ; Seward Peninsula (W. J. Peters) ; Sitka (Fur Seal Commission). This species is also common in Vancouver Island, B. C. The type of Bombus lacustris Cresson was submitted to me for examination, together with other of Cresson's types of bumble bees, by Dr. Henry Skinner, Curator of the American Entomological So- ciety, and it is undoubtedly identical with the above species. What Handlirsch describes as Bombus ternarius var. lacustris is probably a different species. BOMBUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 17 mm. Resembles B. ?}2elaftopygus ^y\a.nde.r^ very closely and with the color of the pubescence almost identical, ex- cept that the scutellum is more grayish and the first and second dorsal abdominal segments are clothed with a yellowish pubescence, the third and fourth red or fulvo-rufous, the fifth and sixth black. Worker. — Length 12 to 13 mm. Colored as in female and prac- tically the same except in being much smaller. Male. — Unknown. Type. — Cat. No. 5720, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16 ; Fox Point, July 20. BOMBUS MIXTUOSUS, sp. nov. Female. — Length 14 mm. Mesopleura and dorsal abdominal seg- HYMENOPTERA 1 29 ments i and 2 clothed with a yellowish pubescence, that on the two basal segments is very sparse or interrupted medially ; the last three abdominal segments with very sparse, pale yellowish hairs ; thorax above medially and on the scutellum with a grayish pubescence, the anterior part of the thorax with yellow hairs well intermixed with black, very much as in B. melatiopygus Nylander ; dorsal abdominal segments 3 and 4 with a black pubescence but usually (though not invariably) interrupted by a narrow fringe of yellowish hairs extend- ing from the apex of the second ; ventral segments fringed with a sparse pale pubescence ; face with a yellowish pubescence more or less mixed with black hairs ; legs with a long yellowish hair fringe, that on the femora beneath is usually mixed more or less, with black hairs. Malar space a little longer than wide. First joint of flagellum a little longer than the third, the second hardly longer than thick and only about two-thirds the length of the third. Worker. — Length (major) 12 mm.; (minor) 7.5 to 10 mm. Both colored as in female, except that the pubescence on the face in the worker minor is black or with only a few whitish hairs intermixed with the black. Male. — Unknown. Type. — Cat. No. 5721, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Fopof Island, June 21 ; Yakutat, June 21 ; Virgin Bay, June 21 ; Fox Point, July 20. BOMBUS DIMIDIATUS sp. nov. Female. — Length 12 mm. Mesopleura, the anterior part of the thorax above, the apex of scutellum and the dorsal abdominal seg- ments I and 2 clothed with a pale yellowish pubescence that on the pleura is nearly white, on the anterior part of the thorax and the scutellum mixed with black hairs on dorsal segments i and 2 inter- rupted by a bare space medially ; otherwise, except some pale hairs on the middle of the face and the apical fringe on the ventral segments, the pubescence is black. Wings fuscous. Malar space about one- third the length of the eye. First joint of flagellum nearly as long as 2 and 3 united, the second shorter than the third, not longer than wide. Occasionallv the black hairs on the apex of the third and fourth dorsal segments of abdomen are well mixed with fulvo-rufous hairs, having the appearance of two red lines across the black pubescence. Worker. — Length 9 mm. Agrees in color with the female (or? worker major), except that the face is usually black or with only a small tuft of pale hairs between and extending below the insertion of the antennas. 130 ASHMEAD Male. — Unknown. Type. — Cat. No. 5723, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Fox Point, July 38; Wrangell (H. F. Wickham). The female described above may really be the worker major, for many of our bumble bees have two forms of workers — a worker major and a worker minor. Family PSITHYRID.E. Genus Psithyrus Lepeletier. PSITHYRUS INSULARIS (Smith). ? Bombits intcrruptus Greene, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vii, p. 11, ?, 1858. — Greene, op. cit., vii, p. 193, i860. ? Bombiis siickleyi Greene, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vii, p. 173, ^, i860. Apathus insularis Smith, Journ. Ent., i, p. 155, 9. 1861. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., li, p. 113, 9 c?. 1863. — Provancher, Add. Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 343, 9cf, 1888. Psithyrus insularis Handlirsch, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, iii, p. 248, 1888. Psithyrus interrtiptus Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 569, 1896. Type in British Museum. From Berg Ba}', June 10; Sitka, July 16; Juneau, July 35 ; Seldovia, July 7; and Nushagak River, July 27, 1S81 (Chas. W. McKay). PSITHYRUS KODIAKENSIS sp. nov. (PL IX, fig. I.) Male. — Length 14 mm. The tegument of this species, except the disk of the mesonotum and the base of the scutellum where the pubes- cence is thin, and the first and second segments of the abdomen, which are brown, is entirely black. The head, except a tuft of ochraceous pubescence on the face below the insertion of the antennae and on the vertex posteriorly, is clothed with a black pvibescence ; thorax above and at sides, dorsal abdominal segments i and 3, the venter and the legs clothed with a rather long ochraceous pubescence ; dorsal abdom- inal segments 3 to 7 with a black pubescence and in striking contrast with the ochraceous pubescence of the basal segments. The head seen from in front is much longer than wide, the malar space long, smooth and shining and fully as long as the pedicel and first two joints of the flagellum united ; the clypeus, ex,cept anteriorly, is punctate ; the labrum is feebly transversely impressed, sparsely punc- tate, except the lateral hind angles, which are polished and impunctate ; the first joint of the flagellum is shorter than the third but longer than HYMENOPTERA IJI the second, the latter being only about two-fifths the length of the third and the shortest joint, while the last joint is compressed and a little shorter than the third. Type. — Cat. No. 5723, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 20. Two specimens- Family ANDRENIDiE. Genus Andrena Latreille. ANDRENA FRIGIDA Smith. Andrefia frigtda Smith, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., i,p. 115, $, 1853. — Provan- CHER, Nat. Can., xiii, p. 195, 1882. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 795, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 293, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., x, p. 125, 1896. Male. — Length S mm. Black, clothed with a long sparse whitish pubescence ; tarsi with a dark rufo-piceous tinge beneath ; mandibles long, decussate and with a prominent process beneath at base, head transverse wider than the thorax, viewed from above obtrapezoidal, the occiput rather broadly concave, the temple much broadened below and, as seen from the side, forming an acute angle with the base of the mandibles ; malar space very short ; face rather closely punctate, the vertex between the eyes and the lateral ocelli and towards the base of the antennae longitudinally aciculate, the temples shining although faintly coriaceous ; thorax above opaque, alutaceous, impunctate ; meta- thorax finely coriaceous without vestige of carinas. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the teguIjE piceous. Abdomen long oval, a little longer than the head and thorax united, apparently smooth and shining, but with a strong lens exhibiting numerous microscopic trans- verse lineations, the first and second dorsal segments clothed with long whitish hairs, the hairs on the following segments sparser and confined more particularly to the lateral margins. Type female in British Museum, male in U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 11 ; Sitka, June 16. Superfamily II. SPHECOIDEA Ashmead. Family CRABRONID^. Subfamily CRABRONIN.^. Genus Ectemnius Dahlbom. ECTEMNIUS PARVULUS (Packard). Cra^ro /arz/«/«5 Packard, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., vi, p. 108, $, 1867. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 285, 1887. — Fo.x, Trans. Am. Ent. 132 ASHMEAD Soc, XXII, p. 142, $(j^, 1895. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., viii, p. 616, 1896. Ectemnius parvulus Ashmead, Can. Ent., xxxi, p. 173, 1899. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 508, 1900. From Seldovia, July 21. The species is also found in Washington, Oregon, Nevada, South Dakota and Colorado. Genus Clytochrysus Morawitz. CLYTOCHRYSUS GRACILISSIMUS (Packard). Crabro contiguus Cresson, Proc. Ent. 'Soc. Phila., iv, p. 484, (^ {ncc^ ), 1865. Crabro gracilissimns Packard, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., vi, p. 78, (^, 1867. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 285, 1887. — Fox, Trans. Am., Ent. Soc, xxii, p. 144, 9 d^, 1895. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., viii, p. 603, 1897. Clytochrysus gracilissimus Ashmead, Can, Ent., xxxi, p. 174, 1899. — Kin- caid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 508, 1900. From Fox Point, July 28. Occurs also in Colorado. Subfamily THTREOPIN^^. Genus Thyreopus Latreille. THYREOPUS VICINUS (Cresson). Crabro vicinns Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iv, p. 479, ?, 1865. — Fox, ^^^Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxii, p. 170, $ c^, 1895.— Dalla Torre, Cat. -"13^ Hym., VIII, p. 636, 1897. Crabro succinctus Cresson, Proc Ent. Soc. Phila., iv, p. 479, cf. 1865. Thyreopus succinctus Ckksso^, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 287, 1887. Thyreopus vi:mus Ashmead, Can. Ent., xxxi, p. 217, 1899. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., li, p. 508, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Kukak Bay, July 4. Occurs also in Colorado. Genus Blepharipus Lepeletier et Brull6. BLEPHARIPUS ATER (Cresson). Crabro ater Cresson, Proc Ent. Soc. Phila., iv, p. 477, ?, 1865; Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 284, 1887.— Fox, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxii, p. 197, 9(^. 1895.— Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., viii, p. 583, 1897. Blepharipus a//^.— Cat. No. 5517, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission), one male. HYMENOPTERA I37 On account of its metathoracic and wing characteristics this new species will fall in a table of the North American species next to P. /e;ea«?/5 Ashmead, from which it is readily separated by its larger size, structure of antennae and color of the legs. Family BELYTID^. Genus Zelotypa Forster. Five species have already been characterized in this genus in our faima, one from Texas, one from Florida, two from Virginia and one from Canada, known only in the male sex. It is somewhat sur- prising, therefore, to find no less than three additional species in the Alaskan material, two being represented in the female sex. These new species may be tabulated as follows : Males 3. Females. Apterous forms 2 . Winged forms. Marginal cell fully (or a little more than) twice as long as the marginal vein. Black, with scutellum, middle mesothoracic lobe and legs honey- or brown ish-3'ellow Z. scutellafa. Body wholly black, the legs honey-yellow, but with the hind coxae basally and the clavate part of the hind femora obfuscated or fuscous. Z. borealis. 2. Black, the scutellum, the middle thoracic lobe, first two joints of an- tennae and the legs honey- or brownish-yellow Z. scutellata. 3. Marginal cell and the marginal vein not short, about equal in length. Black, scape and pedicel brownish-yellow; first joint of the fiagellum ex- cised beneath for more than half its length ; legs honey-yellow ; hind coxae basally, clavate part of hind femora and their tibiae apically ob- fuscated Z. alasketisis. ZELOTYPA SCUTELLATA sp. nov. Female. — Winged form. Length 2 to 2.2 mm. Head, thorax, except the middle mesothoracic lobe, and the abdomen black, smooth and shining ; the scutellum, the middle mesothoracic lobe, the first two joints of antennae (sometimes the first five or six), and the legs, brownish-yellow or honey-yellow. Wings hyaline, the veins brown, the tegulse pale yellowish. The antennae arc not quite the length of the body, 15-jointed ; the scape is as long as the pedicel and first two joints of flagellum united and slightly curved but not especially thick ; 138 ASHMEAD the first joint of the flagellum is the longest, about one-half longer than the second, the following to the fifth shortening, the fifth oblong, joints 6 to 12 submoniliform, very slightly longer than thick, the last joint fusiform, as long as the fourth. The metathorax is bounded by an elevated carina posteriorly and traversed by five longitudinal carinae (a median and two on each side of it) . The wing venation is normal, the marginal cell being fully twice as long as the marginal vein, the stigmal vein, or first branch of the radius, being straight, per- pendicular and about two-thirds the length of the marginal vein. The abdomen, with its petiole, is very little longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole being rather thick, longitudinally furrowed and not quite 2^ times as long as thick ; the body of the abdomen is ovate, pointed at apex, highl}'^ polished and impunctate, except some striae at its base where it joins the petiole, the first segment occupying most of its entire surface. Female. — Wingless form. Length 2.5 mm. Agrees well in strucl ture and color with the winged form, except the antennae are a litte- longer and the legs are more decidedly yellow. Type.— Cat. No. 5518, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island and Unalaska. Nine specimens. ZELOTYPA BOREALIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3 mm. Polished black ; first five or six joints of the antennae brownish-yellow ; legs honey -yellow, the hind coxae basally and the clavate part of the hind femora blackish or obfuscated. Wings hyaline, the venation light brown, the tegul^e yellowish. The antennee are rather stout, shorter than the body, 15-jointed; the scape is stout, a little thicker at the middle than at the ends and as long as the first three joints of the flagellum (excluding the pedicel) united ; the first joint of the fiagellum is the longest, very nearly as long as the second and third united, the third joint is only two-thirds the length of the second, the fourth joint is oblong, the following to last being moniliform, briefly pedicellate, 6 to 12 a little wider than long, the last ovate, not longer than the fourth. Metathorax as in Z. scutellata. Abdomen pointed ovate, the petiole stout, only twice as long as wide, longitudinally furrowed, the interstices between the fur- rows above, wrinkled ; body of abdomen much as in previous species except that there is a median grooved line above that extends to nearly the middle of the first segment. Wing venation as in previous species except that the marginal cell is slightly more than twice as long as the marginal vein. HYMENOPTERA I39 Type. — Cat. No. 5519, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 13 (Fur Seal Commision). Two female specimens. ZELOTYPA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 2.5 mm. Polished black; first two joints of antennae, tegulae and the legs brownish-yellow or honey-yellow, the hind coxae basally, the clavate part of their femora, and their tibiae apically, obfuscated ; wings hyaline, the veins brown. The antennae are fully as long as the body, 14-jointed, the joints elongate, cylindrical ; the scape is slender and about as long as the pedicel and the first joint of the flagellum united, or very slightly longer ; the pedicel is scarcely longer than thick ; the first joint of the flagellum is the longest joint, a little longer than the second and excised beneath for more than half its length and appearing as if angulated when viewed from the side ; the following joints are subequal, imper- ceptibly shortening to the last, the penultimate being hardly four times as long as thick, the last being one-third longer than the penultimate. The front wings differ from the two previous species in having the marginal vein and the submarginal cell of approximately equal length, the marginal vein being a little more than thrice as long as the stigmal or first branch of the radius. The petiole of the abdomen is a little more than four times as long as thick, smooth or nearly so, but with a few longitudinal carinae ; body of abdomen oblong-oval, smooth and highly polished, the medial grooved line above extending only to the basal third of first segment. Type. — Cat. No. 5520, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Virgin Bay, June 26. One specimen. Genus Aclista Forster. ACLISTA CALIFORNICA Ashmead. Aclista californica Ashmead, Monogr. N. A. Proctotryp., p. 378, 1893. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., v, p. 452, 1898. Type. — Cat. No. 5755, U. S. Nat. Museum (Ashmead Collection)". From Belkofski, July 23. One specimen not distinguishable from the type taken in California. Genus Zygota Forster. ZYGOTA AMERICANA Ashmead. Zygota americana Ashmead, Monogr. N. A. Proctotryp,, p. 373, 1893. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., v, p. 453, 1898. — Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Islands, iv, p. 336, 1899. 140 ASHMEAD Type. — Cat. No. 5756, U. S. Nat. Museum (Ashmead Collection). From Bering Island (Barrett-Hamilton) ; Sitka. Family DIAPRIID^. Genus Spilomicrus West wood. SPILOMICRUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 1.8 mm. Polished black; legs black, with the sutures between the coxae and the trochanters, the knees, apices of tibise and all tarsi, except last joint, honey-yellow, the tibiae, except as noted, fuscous. Wings hyaline, the veins brown-black, the marginal vein being fully four times as long as thick, the stigmal vein very short, wider than long, with a delicate fuscous ray from its tip, one part ex- tending backwards as in a Belytid, the other extending forward and forming a very narrow indistinct, but open marginal cell. The thorax has the parapsidal furrows complete, each parapside with a large, deep, longitudinal fovea on its disk, the scutellum with a large fovea at its base, not divided by a median carina, while the meta- thorax has a distinct median carina. The abdomen is conic-ovate, pointed at apex and highly polished, with the petiole opaque and only a little longer than thick. Type. — Cat. No. 5521, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12 (Fur Seal Commision). One specimen. This species differs from all others in our fauna by the simple basal scutellar fovea, by the deeply foveate parapsides, by venation and by the color of the legs. Family CERAPHRONIDiE. Subfamily MEGASPILIN^. Genus Lygocerus Forster. LYGOCERUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 2 mm. Black and shining, not sculptured ; palpi brownish ; mandibles dark rufo-piceous ; antennae entirely black, except a faint yellowish tinge at the extreme apex of the pedicel, legs black, with the knees, tibiae, except medially, and the tarsi except the last joint, dark honey-yellow, the tibiae medially more or less fuscous, the claws black; tegulae piceous. Wings hyaline, the large stigma, the costa and the stigmal vein being reddish-brown. HYMENOPTERA I4I The head is polished, impunctate, seen from in front wider than long and with some short, sparse hairs anteriorly below the insertion of the antennas. Eyes oblong-oval, faintly hairy. Antennae ii-jointed, black, and reaching to the middle of the abdomen ; the scape is as long as the pedicel and the first two joints of the flagellum united ; the first and last joints of the flagellum are equal in length and a little longer than the intermediate joints which are subequal and scarcely more than twice as long as thick, the first and the last joints being a little more than thrice as long as thick ; the pedicel is not quite two-thirds the length of the first joint of the flagellum. The thorax is smooth and shining, the mesonotum having three dis- tinct furrows, the pronotum being very short while the metathorax is abruptly shortened and faintly alutaceous. The abdomen is ovate, polished black, subdepressed, wider than thick dorso-ventrally, a little longer than the head and thorax united, the ovipositor subexserted, the petiole extremely short, transverse and striate ; body of abdomen has an elevated rim at extreme base where it unites with the petiole. Type. — Cat. No. 5522, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 10 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. This species is allied to L. stigmatus Say but it is slightly larger and easily separated by the relative lengths of the flagellar joints of an- tennae and by the difference in the pedicel. Superfamily VI. CYNIPOIDEA Ashmead. Family FIGITID.E. Subfamily EUCCELIN^^. Genus Tetrarhapta Forster. TETRARHAPTA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. (PI. IX, fig. 2.) Female. — Length 1.4 mm. Polished black ; the mandibles, knees, base and tips of tibiae and all tarsi, testaceous or reddish ; wings hya- line, largely pubescent, the apex of the anterior wings subemarginate, the veins brown-black, the marginal cell open all along the outer margin. The 13-jointed antennae terminate in a large 4-jointed club, the joints being fluted, the first being a little shorter than the second, the second and third subequal, the last large, ovate, one-half longer than 142 ASHMEAD the third ; the joints of the funicle are slender, subcylindrical, the first being fully twice as long as the second, the following very impercep- tibly shortening to the club ; the scape is obconical, about one-third longer than the pedicel. The scutellum, along the sides, is delicately, longitudinally aciculate, the cup being very narrow, ellipsoidal ; the metathorax is smooth and shining, or at the most, faintly alutaceous and bicarinate. Male. — Length 1.5 mm. Agrees well with the female except that the antennae are longer, 15-jointed, with the first joint of the flagellum long and stout, slightly curved, and about as long as the second and third joints united, the following joints being nearly equal, about thrice as long as thick and all strongly fluted. Type. — Cat. No. 5523, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). Described from one male and three female specimens. Genus Eucoela Westwood. EUCCELA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 2 mm. Polished black ; the mandibles, the an- tennae, except the scape and pedicel, and the legs, except more or less of the middle and hind coxae, rufo-testaceous, the femora somewhat obfuscated toward base ; wings hyaline, pubescent, the veins reddish- brown, the marginal cell completely closed, tegulae piceous black. The first two joints of the flagellum are cylindrical, subequal, a little more than twice longer than thick, the following joints gradually thickening toward apex, elliptic-oval, delicately fluted, and subequal in length, except the last, which is considerably longer than the penul- timate. The scutellum at the sides is opaque, finely rugulose, the cup oval, with its disk slightly depressed, a fovea posteriorly and a row of minute punctures along its margins. The metathorax above and posteriorly is finely regulose, faintly pubescent and bicarinate, its pleura being smooth and polished. Abdomen normal, a little longer than the head and thorax united and with a narrow pubescent girdle at base. Type. — Cat. No. 5524, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Seldovia, July 2. One female specimen. Subfamily ALLOTRIIN^^. Genus Alloxysta Forster. ALLOXYSTA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length i to i.i mm. Polished black; the face below the antennae, cheeks, mandibles, palpi, antennae and legs, pale yellow, the HYMENOPTERA 1 43 femora and tibia, except their apices, obfuscated or light brownish; wings hyaline, the veins brownish-yellow. The antennse are long, filiform, longer than the body, 14-jointed ; the flagellar joints i to 3 are the longest joints, the first straight, cylin- drical, more than twice as long as thick, the second and third some- what thickened and both curved, thrice as long as thick, the following joints slender, hardly more than twice as long as thick and clothed with a short, fine pubescence. Thorax as in Allot ria. Wings nearly twice the length of the body, the marginal cell being open all along the front margin, the second abscissa of the radius being curved and nearly twice the length of the, first. Fi'?nale. — Length 1.5 mm. Agrees well with the male except that the head is castaneous, the yellow of the face beginning a little above the insertion of the antennae, the first five joints of the antennae and the legs being yellow, the rest of the antennae being brown-black. The antennae are as long as the body, 14-jointed, slightly thickened toward apex, the joints of the flagellum elongate, the second and third joints of same being longer than the first, the second being longer than the third, and the longest joint of all, the following joints to the last being nearly equal in length, the last being longer than the penultimate. Type. — Cat. No. 5525, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12; St. Paul Island, August 6 (Fur Seal Commission). Three male and two female specimens. Superfamily VII. CHALCIDOIDEA. Family TORYMIDiE. Genus Torymus Dalman. TORYMUS CECIDOMYI^ (Walker). Callimome cecidojnyicE W Ai.K'E^, Ann. 8c Mag. Nat. Hist., xiv, p 15, 9, 1844. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 237, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., v, p 302, 1898. Type in British Museum. From Kodiak, July 30 ; Popof Island, July ; Virgin Bay, June 24. Four specimens. Originally described from Hudson Bay Territory. It is a parasite on Cecido77iyia commzmis Barnston MS. The four specimens taken are without much doubt referable to this species. They exhibit con- siderable variation in color of the antennal scape and of the legs. The scape is most frequently metallic, though sometimes wholly yellow beneath, or with only a yellow spot at extreme base, the legs varying in the amount of green on the femora and of brown on the tibiae. 1^4 ASHMEAD Family MISCOGASTERID^. Subfamily TRIDYMIN^. Genus Terobia Forster. TEROBIA VULGARIS sp. nov. (PI. IX, fig. 3.) Female. — Length 1.8 to 2 mm. Most variable in color, metallic bluish-green, feneous or bronzed green, with bluish, purplish and brassy reflections, the parapsides, mesopleura and metathorax, most frequently bluish or blue-black, faintly tinged with metallic green, the head, pro- thorax and at least the middle mesothoracic lobe metallic green or brassy ; abdomen most frequently aeneous black, sometimes with a decided brassy tinge ; scape, pedicel and legs, except sutures of trochanters, tips of femora, the tibiae and the tarsi except as hereafter noted, aeneous black or metallic; the sutures of trochanters, tips of femora, the tibiae, except apices of the middle and hind tibiae, and the tarsi, except last joint, honey -yellow or brownish-yellow ; tips of middle and hind tibiae and the last joint of the tarsi dark brown or fuscous ; the middle tibiae sometimes before the middle are more or less obfuscated ; the flagellum black or brown-black, sparsely pubescent ; tegulae testaceous or yellow- ish ; wings hyaline, the venation brown ; the stigmal vein with its club is rather long, but a little shorter than the marginal, the club being large and with a small uncus obliquely directed towards the margin of the Vising, and if continued would form a triangular marginal cell ; the postmarginal vein is very long, nearly twice as long as the marginal. The head is transverse, a little more than thrice as wide as thick antero-posteriorly, much wider than the prothorax and possibly a little wider than the mesothorax from tegula to tegula ; viewed from in front it is a little wider than long, obtusely triangular ; posteriorly it is smooth, on the vertex and anteriorly it is feebly alutaceously sculptured ; ocelli small, arranged in an obtuse triangle ; eyes oblong-oval ; the malar space distinct, at least one-third the length of the eye ; clypeus small, obtrap- ezoidal, indistinctly separated, and indistinctly bidentate anteriorly or with a slight median incision; mandibles (.?) 4-dentate. The antennte are 13-jointed, with 2 minute ring-joints inserted near the middle of the face above a line drawn from the base of the eyes ; the scape is about as long as the first three funicle joints united ; pedi- cel obconical, scarcely longer than thick at apex; the flagellum is sub- clavate, thrice as long as the scape, with the joints all delicately fluted, the funicle being 6-jointed, the joints oblong, about one and a half HYMENOPTERA I45 times as long as thick, subequal in length, the first slightly the small- est joint ; the club fusiform, stouter than the funicle and 3-jointed, the first and second joints subquadrate, the third obtusely conical. The thorax, except the metanotum, is almost smooth, or at most with a faint or microscopic reticulate sculpture, the disk of the mesopleura being smooth and highly polished, the parapsidal furrows distinct and complete, the mesothoracic lobes subconvex ; the scutellum is divided by a transverse grooved line near its apex ; the metathorax is sha- greened, without a distinct median carina but with the lateral carinas more or less indicated ; while the spiracles are small and round. The abdomen is briefly petiolate, shorter than the thorax and highly polished, impunctate, except the petiole which is shagreened ; the body of the abdomen seen from above is obovate, seen from the side it is more conical, the venter being subcompressed ; the first (body) seg- ment is the longest, fully as long as segments 2 and 3 united, the fol- lowing segments very gradually shortening. Male. — Length 1.6 to i.S mm. Agrees well with the female, ex- cept it is usually more bluish, its antennal and abdominal characters are different and the tibice are fuscous or brown with both ends yellow (more rarely wholly yellow with the apical half of the femora yellow). The antennae are slightly longer, the flagellum being filiform, not sub- clavate, and clothed with sparse but more erect hairs than in the female, the scape being clavate, thickened towards apex beneath, the funicle joints being fully twice, or more than twice, as long as thick, the first joint being much longer, from 3^^ to 4 times as long as thick, rarely only thrice as long as thick. Abdomen oblong-oval. 7>/e.— Cat. No. 5526, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). Many specimens. Family PTEROMALID^. Subfamily PTEROMALIN^^. Genus Eutelus Walker. EUTELUS CONFUSUS sp. nov. Female. — Length i .5 mm. Head and thorax bluish, finely and closely punctate, the pleura and metathorax with a metallic greenish tinge ; antennae dark brown, inserted far anteriorly, near the anterior margin of the head ; legs yellowish with the coxaj metallic green, the anterior and middle femora, except tips, brown, the hind femora black or ajneous black. Wings hyaline, the tegula; and veins pale yellowish. 146 ASHMEAD Abdomen conic-ovate, teneous black, depressed above, carinate or boat- shaped beneath, and a little longer than the head and thorax united. The flagellum is subclavate, less than twice as long as the scape, the funicle joints not longer than wide, with at least the fifth and sixth joints wider than long. Male. — Length 1.2 mm. Metallic blue green, with the scape of the antennae and the pedicel, except a spot above at base, and the legs, ex- cept the coxce, yellowish-white, the funicle light brownish, the joints gradually increasing in size, in outline all obtrapezoidal, while the club is fusiform and black. Type.—CdX. No. 5527, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land (Fur Seal Commission). Family EULOPHID^. Subfamily TE TRASTICHINy^. Genus Tetrastichus Haliday. TETRASTICHUS ANTHRACINUS sp. nov. Female. — Length 1.6 mm. Coal black, impunctate ; mandibles, all tarsi except the last joint, a spot on the middle and hind knees, apices of the front femora, and their tibiae, except apically, honey-yel- low ; antennae dark brown, pubescent. Wings hyaline, the tegulae black, the veins dark brown. Abdomen long-ovate, longer than the head and thorax united, carinate beneath. Tyfe. — Cat. No. 5528, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Seldovia, July 7. One specimen. TETRASTICHUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 1.2 mm. Black, the abdomen aeneous black ; man- dibles, trochanters, apices of all femora, the front tibis, an annulus at base of middle and hind tibiae, and all tarsi, except the last joint, brownish-yellow ; antennae black pubescent. Wings hyaline, the tegulae yellow, the veins light brown, the base of the stigmal vein be- ing pallid or whitish. Abdomen pointed ovate, not longer than the head and thorax united, above flat, beneath convex. Type. — Cat. No. 5529, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 19. One specimen. HYMENOPTERA 1 47 Subfamily ELACHISTIN^^. Genus Elachistus Spinola. ELACHISTUS GLACIALIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3 mm. Polished black, Impunctate, clothed with a sparse, whitish pubescence ; mandibles dark rufous ; legs except coxae and more or less of the femora, brownish-yellow, the coxae black, the front and middle femora toward the base fuscous, the hind femora, except at apex, dark-brown; scape and pedicel of antennae black, the flagellum brown-black, the funicle 4-jointed, the first joint the long- est, about twice as long as thick, the following joints shortening, the fourth being only about as long as thick, the club cone-shaped ; wings ample, hyaline, with the veins brown, the margmal vein long, twice the length of the stigmal or as long as the subcostal vein, the postmarginal a little shorter than the marginal ; abdomen broadly ovate, depressed, and scarcely as long as the thorax, the ovipositor subexserted. Male. — Length 1.8 mm. Agrees well with the female, except in the following differences : The legs, except the coxae, knees and tarsi, are brown-black or fuscous, the cox£e being black, the knees and tarsi yellowish ; the flagellum is compressed, the joints of the funicle briefly pedicellate, appearing subquadrate, as seen from the side, the first joint being oblong, while the abdomen is oblong-oval. Type. — Cat. No. 5530, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12 (Fur Seal Commission), one female; Yakutat, June 21, one male. Subfamily EULOPHIN^E. Genus Eulophus Geoffrey. EULOPHUS KUKAKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length \.^ mm. yEneous black, shagreened, the prono- tum above, the scutellum, the mesopleura posteriorly and the meta- pleura with a decided greenish metallic tinge ; flagellum brown-black, with 3 very long branches, each branch ciliate with long hairs, sub- equal in length, the first branch, however, a little the longest and as long as the flagellum ; coxae metallic, the trochanters, apices of the front and middle femora and tibiae, except the hind tibiae, and tarsi, honey-yellow, rest of the femora black, the hind tibiae fuscous ; wings hyaline, the veins light brownish ; abdomen oblong, aeneous black, except a yellow spot or band near its base, visible both from beneath and above. 148 ASHMEAD Type. — Cat. No. 5531, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4, one male specimen. Superfamily VIII. ICHNEUMONOIDEA Ashmead. Family ICHNEUMONIDiE. Tribe JOPPINI. Genus Automalus Wesmael. AUTOMALUS NIGROPILOSUS sp. nov. (PI. IX, fig. 4.) Male. — Length 19 mm. Head, except face below insertion of an- tennae, antenna, except a spot on scape beneath, thorax, abdomen, coxae and first joint of all trochanters, black ; face below antennae and spot on scape beneath, yellow ; legs, except coxae and first joint of trochanters, flavo-ferruginous. Wings hyaline, or at least only faintly tinged, the stigma and veins brown, the disco-cubital vein broken by a slight stump of a vein a little beyond its middle, the second recurrent nervvu'e broken by a slight stump of a vein near its iniddle. The head and thorax are shining but spai'sely punctate and sparsely clothed with a black pubescence, the metathorax being rugulose, obliquely truncate behind, without a distinct areola, but with long lateral areas and distinct pleural carinae. The abdomen is elongate, nearly twice as long as the head and thorax united, opaque, the petiole at apex and the second segment rather coarsely rugulosely punctate, the following segments more finely and evenly sculptured, the gastro- coeli large, oblique, the space between being nearly as wide as their length. Type. — Cat. No. 5532, U. S. Nat. Museum (Fur Seal Commission). From Juneau, July 25 ; Popof Island, July 13. Three specimens. Tribe ICHNEUMONINI. Genus Stenichneumon Thomson. STENICHNEUMON UNALASK^ sp. nov. Male. — Length 16 mm. Black; face below the insertion of the antennae, including the clypeus, the two apical joints of palpi, scape beneath, tegulag, an abbreviated line on the upper posterior margin of the pronotum, apices of the front and middle femora, all tibiae, except HYMENOPTERA 1 49 the hind tibijB at apex, all tarsi, except the last three joints of hind tarsi, and abdominal segments 3, 3 and 4, except a lateral streak on the second basally, a band at base of second and third, yellow. There is also a narrow tranverse yellow line at the apex of the fifth abdominal segment. Wings subhyaline, the stigma and veins, except the sub- costal vein at its apical two thirds, brown. The head and thorax are distinctly, rather closely punctate, the clypeus very sparsely punctate, the mesopleura beyond the discal impression and a spot near the upper angles of the metapleura alone smooth and impunctate. The meta- thorax is rugulose, the areola being large, quadrate, the lateral basal and median areas being confluent. The hind coxai are strongly punctate, the front and middle coxae less strongly punctate. Wings with the venation normal, the submedian cell longer than the median, the disco-cubital nervure not broken by a distinct stump of a vein, the areolet pentagonal, but with the sides strongly convergent above, the transverse cubiti almost meeting. The abdomen is about twice as long as the head and thorax united, the petiole rugulose at apical third, seg- ments 2 to 4 rugulosely punctate, the fourth less distinctly at apex, the following segments nearly smooth, at most alutaceously sculptured and finely, sparsely punctate ; gastrocoeli broad and deep with striae at bottom. Type. — Cat. No. 5533, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Unalaska, July 17. One specimen. Genus Ichneumon Linn6. TABLE OF SPECIES. Body mostly black., or head and thorax black 2. Body mostly rufous., or ferruginous, or thorax never entirely black. 10. 2. Abdomen not entirely black 4. Abdomen entirely black. Face below antennae ivory white 3 . Face entirely black. Legs, except hind tarsi, red /■ imitator. 3. Scutellum and postscutellum yellow ; scape beneath yellowish or whitish ; legs red ; coxae and trochanters, except more or less of the first joint of front and middle pairs, black ; anterior tibise and tarsi paler, yellowish or brownish-yellow ; tips of hind tibiae and more or less of their tarsi, fuscous /. sitkensis. Scutellum with yellow spot at apex ; postscutellum and scape be- neath black ; legs red, but with the coxae, except a white spot on front pair beneath, trochanters, front femora beneath, middle Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May 1902. I50 ASHME/AD femora more or less basallj and hind femora black ; anterior tibiae and tarsi yellowish ; apex of hind tibiae and their tarsi fuscous /. kincaidi. 4. Abdomen not nearly blacky with one or more segments red or yellow 5* Abdomen almost wholly blacky with only extreme apex of the petiole and extreme apices of second and third segments nar- rowly testaceous. Face below antennae, scape beneath, palpi, an abbreviated line in front of tegulcB and one below, and the anterior tarsi, ivory or yellowish- white ; scutellum and postscutellum yellow ; legs red, with all coxae, first joint of trochanters, hind femora within tips of their tibiae and their tarsi, black /. simulator. 5. Abdomen with second and third segments, and sometimes the fourth or others, more or less red or yellow but stained or marked with black 6. Abdomen with second and third segments entirely red 8. 6. Second and third segments more or less yellow 9. Second and third segments more or less red. Scutellum yellow 7 • Scutellum black. Face entirely black ; legs black, with the apices of the front and mid- dle femora and all tibiae and tarsi, except sometimes the hind tibiae at apex reddish-yellow. Male /. cervulus. 7. Face below antennae and scape beneath, yellow. Legs black with anterior femora, except beneath toward base, apices of middle femora, spot at base of hind femora within, all tibiae, except apical third of hind tibiae and tarsi, except apices of joints I to 4, and fifth joint of hind tarsi entirely, reddish-yellow. Male. /. kodiakensis. 8. Face below antennae, except an orbital line and scape beneath, black; scutellum and legs, except coxae and trochanters, red. Male. /. popofensis. Face below antennae and scape beneath, yellow ; scutellum red or with a red spot ; the legs red, with the coxte, trochanters, apices of hind femora, and their tibiae, black. Male /. glacialis. 9. Face, scape beneath tegulae, an abbreviated line in front and below it, the legs (except a spot beneath and behind the front and middle femora, a small spot on middle coxae, hind coxae, first joint of their trochan- ters, their femora and apex of their tibiae), the scutellum and broad bands on second and third abdominal segments, yellow ; sometimes the collar and fourth abdominal segment are maculate with yellow. Male I. xvihoni. 10. Males II. Females. Ferruginous ; sutures of thorax, prosternum, mesosternum broadly HYMENOPTERA I5I along anterior margin, metathorax anteriorly and beneath, including metasternum and lower half of metapleura, and a band at base of second, third and fourth abdominal segments, black.../, brevipennis. 1 1 . Face below antennae and scape beneath yellow. Thorax mostly black, the mesonotum and the scutellum rufous ; legs, except the hind tarsi and the front coxae and tarsi, ferruginous, the hind tarsi fuscous, the front coxae and tarsi pale yellowish or yellow- ish-white /. brevipennis. ICHNEUMON IMITATOR sp. nov. Male. — Length 10.5 to 11 mm. Black and shining but punctate; mandibles rufo-piceous ; palpi fuscous ; tegulas and the epitegulae tes- taceous ; legs, except the claws, pulvilli and hind tarsi, which are black or fuscous, red. Wings subfuliginous, the stigma except medially, and the veins brown-black, the stigma medially being testaceous. The antennse are 37-jointed and extend to beyond the middle of the abdo- men, tapering off to a point at apex, the joints after the eighth being more or less nodose beneath. The pubescence on the face, mandibles, and sides of the thorax is whitish, that on the vertex of the head, the mesonotum, and the scutellum being more or less fuscous, although there are some whitish hairs intermixed with it. The metathoracic areola is large, quadrate, a little longer than wide, the basal lateral and the median lateral areas being confluent. The wing venation is normal, the submedian cell a little longer than the median, the disco- cubital nervure broken by a stump of a vein very near its middle, the areolet irregularly pentagonal, the transverse cubiti converging above, the upper face formed by them, or the part represented by the second abscissa of the radius, being much the shortest face of the five; the second recurrent nervure joins the areolet much beyond its middle, while the transverse median nervure in the hind wings is nearly straight, but broken by the subdiscoidal nervure below the middle or at about its basal third. The abdomen is elongate, nearly twice as long as the head and thorax united, black except the venter, which is more or less dark rufous, the ventral segments 2 to 5 with a distinct fold ; the petiole, except a narrow, smooth, shining spot at the extreme apex, is finely rugulose, the second and following segments are coria- ceous, the second and third segments being also more or less punctate basally, the second with some irregular elevated lines extending into the gastrocoeli and some finer elevated lines extending from them. Type. — Cat. No. 5534, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16 ; Juneau, July 25. Two specimens. The species, except in the color 152 ASHMEAD of the face and coxae, and in size, superficially resembles Automelus nigropilosus. ICHNEUMON SITKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 9 to 10.5 mm. Black and shining; the head above, especially close to the eye margins and the thorax above are coriaceous, subopaque and finely punctate, the mesopleura shining, closely punctate, becoming rugulosely punctate toward hind margins, the metathorax rugulose, the posterior face with irregular, elevated transverse lines ; flagellum black ; face below insertion of antennae, an orbital line above, an orbital line on the lower hind orbits, scape beneath, palpi, an abbre- viated line in front of the tegulse and a line below, apices of the front and middle coxae, and their trochanters, ivory or yellowish- white ; ocelli pale ; scutellum and postscutellum yellow ; legs red with the coxae and trochanters, except as noted, black ; the anterior and middle tibiae paler, yellowish or brownish-yellow, the anterior and middle coxae at apex and their trochanters whitish, the tip of hind tibiae and more or less of their tarsi fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the disco-cubital vein not broken by a stump of a vein. The metathoracic areola is quadrate or nearly so, very slightly wider than long, the anterior angles of same being slightly rounded, the basal lateral and middle lateral areas are confluent, while the apical areas are complete. The abdomen is elongate, about twice longer than the head and thorax united, the first segment, or the petiole, being finely rugulose at apex, the second, third and fourth segments, subopaque, finely coriaceous, those beyond smoother, shining, at the most feebly alutaceous, while the gastrocoeli are transverse and separated from each other by a small space. Type. — Cat. No. 5535, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16. One specimen. ICHNEUMON KINCAIDI sp. nov. Male. — Length 10 mm. Closely resembles /. sitkensis and easily confused with it but for the following differences : There is a yellow spot at the summit of eyes, on the lower hind orbit and on the middle of the superior margin of the pronotum ; the antennae, except a yellow- ish spot on joints 15 and 16 above., are black, the scape not white be- neath, all coxae and trochanters and the hind femora are black, al- though the front coxae beneath and the trochanters at apex narroivly are white ; rest of legs, except the tibial spurs which are white and the apices of hind tibiae and tarsi, which are blackish or fuscous, red. HYMENOPTERA 1 53 Wings faintly dusky, the disco-cubital nervure broken by a stump of a vein a little before its middle. The metathoracic areola is as in /. sitkensis except that the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas are separated, not confluent. Type. — Cat. No. 5536, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Virgin Bay, June 26. One specimen. ICHNEUMON SIMULATOR sp. nov. Male. — Length 9 mm. Closely resembles and easily confused with both /. sitkensis and /. kincaidi but for the following differences : The flagellum is ferruginous beneath for three-fourths its length ; the mesothoracic areola is large, quadrate, the surrounding carinse being poorly defined, the posterior carina being sinuate medially ; the basal lateral and middle lateral areas are wholly confluent without even a trace of the dividing carina ; the legs are rufous with all coxae and tro- chanters, except the second joint of the hind trochanters, black, the apical half of the hind tibiae and their tarsi, which are black or fuscous ; while the abdomen has a spot at apex of the first segment and the ex- treme apices of the second and third segments narrowly, testaceous. Type. — Cat. No. 5537, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. ICHNEUMON CERVULUS Provancher. Ichneumon cervuhis Provancher, Nat. Can., vn, p. 83, c?. 1875. — Pro- vancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 282, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 184, 1887. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From St. Paul Island, August 16; Belkofski, July 22 (Fur Seal Commis- sion). ICHNEUMON KODIAKENSIS sp. nov. j\Iale. — Length 13 mm. Black, punctate; face below the insertion of the antennae, except a small median spot basally and the surface sur- rounding the clypeal spiracles, the scape beneath, a small stripe on tegulae and a line in front and below, the scutellum, second joint of trochanters, the anterior femora at apex and beneath, apex of middle femora, all tibite and tarsi, except the hind tibiae at apex and the apices of joints of hind tarsi i to 4 and the fifth joint, lemon-yellow ; abdomi- nal segments 2 and 3, except the basal half of the first mentioned and a narrow stripe at base of the third, yellow. Wings subfuscous, the veins brown-black, the stigma within and the poststigmal or postmar- 154 ASHMEAD ginal vein brownish-yellow, the disco-cubital nervure not broken by a stump of a vein, the second recurrent nervure joining the areolet a little before its middle. The metathoracic areola is large, quadrate or nearly so, a little wider than long, with the anterior angles slightly rounded, the basal lateral and middle lateral areas distinctly separated. Tj/e.— Cat. No. 5538, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 20. One specimen. ICHNEUMON POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Male, — Length 9.5 to 10 mm. Black and shining, although punc- tate ; the front orbits have a narrow yellow line extending from a little below the middle of the face to near the summit of the eyes ; the apical half, or more, of the mandibles, the scutellum, the legs, except coxae and trochanters, and abdominal segments 3 and 3 and sometimes a lateral spot on 4, are red. Wings hyaline, or only faintly tinged, the stigma and veins brown, the disco-cubital vein with only a slight trace of a stump of a vein, while the second recurrent nervure joins the areolet at its middle. The metathoracic areola is large, quadrate, while the basal lateral and middle lateral areas are confluent. The abdomen is about twice as long as the thorax, the petiole aciculate at apex, dor- sal segments 2 to 4 closely punctate, the following segments smoother, feebler, more sparsely and less distinctly punctate, while the gastrocoeli are transverse, the space before each being striate. Type. — Cat. No. 5539, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 8. Two specimens. ICHNEUMON GLACIALIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 8 mm. Resembles /. popofensis and easily confused with it but for the following differences : The face below the insertion of the antennae and a spot on scape beneath are lemon-yellow, not black ; the palpi are yellowish-white : the apices of the hind femora and tibise are black ; the first segment of the abdomen at apex, as well as the second and third, is red ; the metathoracic areola is large, quadrate, but considerably broader than long ; the second abdominal segment is only sparsely and feebly punctate at base, the following segments being smooth, the extreme apices of the third and fourth being testaceous ; while the wings are subfuscous, the disco-cubital vein broken by a stump of a vein, the second recurrent nervure joining the areolet a little beyond the middle. Type. — Cat. No. 5540, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Juneau, July 25. One specimen. HYMENOPTERA I55 ICHNEUMON WILSONI (Cresson). Isc/inus wt/sonz Ckesso>!, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila , 11, p. 188, 1864. Ichneumon wilsoni Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vi, p. 161, 1877. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 189, 1887. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Seldovia, July 21 ; Juneau, July 35, Six specimens. ICHNEUMON BREVIPENNIS Cresson. Ichneumon firevt'penms Crksson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iii, p. 174, 1864. — Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vi, p. 182, 1877. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 183, 1887. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Muir Inlet, June 1 1 (Fur Seal Commission) ; Kukak Bay, July 4 ; Yakutat, June 21 ; Virgin Bay, June 26. Five females and three males. Genus Melanichneumon Thomson. MELANICHNEUMON SELDOVIA sp. nov. Male. — Length 10 mm. Black; face below insertion of antennae, mandibles, scape beneath and the palpi except first three joints of labial palpi, and the first joint and base of second joint of maxillary palpi ivory white ; first three joints of labial palpi and the first joint and apex of second joint of maxillary palpi fuscous, the second joint of the last mentioned being much dilated apically ; flagellum pale brown- ish beneath, with an annulus, joints 13 to 15 being yellowish-white; scutellum and postscutellum yellow ; legs rufous, with the coxae and first joint of trochanters except sutures, black, the hind tibiae toward apex and their tibiae, fuscous. Wings hyaline, the disco-cubital vein not distinctly broken by a stump of a vein, the areolet irregularly pen- tagonal, the second recurrent nervure joining it before the middle. The metathoracic areola is hexagonal, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas partly confluent, the transverse carina dividing them being distinct only at base, while the lateral apical areas are wanting. Type. — Cat. No. 5541, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Seldovia, July 21. One specimen. This species, without the closest attention to its generic characters, could easily be confounded with Ichneumon imitaior, I. sitkensis and /. kincaidi. 156 ASHMEAD Genus Cratichneumon Thomson. This genus, not hitherto reported from North America, is repre- sented in Alaska by five species, all new, distinguishable as follows : TABLE OF SPECIES. Mostly rufous or ferruginous, or at least with mesonotvun or scutel- lum rufous 3 Mostly blacky or head and thorax black. Abdomen mostly rufous or ferruginous 2 Abdomen entirely black. Face below antennae, spot on orbits at summit of eyes, and line oppo- site insertions of antennae, white ; legs ferruginous, with coxae, first joint of trochanters, hind femora, and apices of their tibiae black. Male C. alaskensis. 2. Face and antennae wholly black ; abdomen at apex black, segments i to 3 and 4 except at apex, red ; legs black, with apices of anterior and middle femora, their tibiae and tarsi and hind tibiae, except at apex, and their tarsi, reddish-yellow. Male C. kodiakensis. Face below antennae, anterior orbits, dot at summit of eyes, scape be- neath, tegulae, an abbreviated line in front of them, the tibial spurs, and front and middle coxae and trochanters, ivory or yellowish-white ; flagellum, except above, rest of legs, except first joint of hind tro- chanters and hind tarsi, which are fuscous, and abdomen, except the first segment, rufous or ferruginous. Male C. yakutatensis. 3. Mostly rufous or ferruginous 4 Mostly black, with mesonotum, scutellum and abdomen, except first segment, more or less basally, rufous, rarely with the metathorax marked with rufous ; face, below antennae, scape beneath, palpi, a short line on upper margin of prothorax in front tegulae, a spot vis-a- vis on lower margin, front coxae and trochanters, yellowish-white. C. confusus. 4. Thoracic sutures strongly marked with black. Metathorax entirely black ; flagellum incrassated, black, with a yellowish annulus near the middle, the first three joints only a little longer than thick, those beyond transverse ; legs and abdomen, except most of the petiole, rufous. Female C. popofensis. Metathorax rufous ; face below antennae, orbits, scape beneath and front coxae beneath, yellowish-white ; legs, except front trochanters, middle coxae and trochanters, more or less, apices of hind coxae, first , joint of their trochanters, extreme apex of their femora, tips of hind tibiae and their tarsi, which are blackish or fuscous, red ; abdomen entirely red. Male C fofofensis. HYMENOPTERA l57 CRATICHNEUMON ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length S mm. Black shining, the head and thorax punc- tate ; face below insertion of antennas, mandibles, palpi, and an ab- breviated line in front of the tegulae, ivory white ; legs, except coxse, trochanters, and hind femora, mostly ferruginous, the front femora be- neath, the middle femora basally, apex of the hind tibiae and hind tarsi being black or fuscous ; tibial spurs whitish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the disco-cubital vein simple, not broken by a stump of a vein, the second recurrent nervure joining the areolet be- yond its middle, the sides of the areolet strongly converging above. The metathoracic areola is horse-hoof shaped, the basal lateral and middle lateral areas being distinctly separated. Type. — Cat. No. 5541, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 20. One specimen. CRATICHNEUMON KODIAKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 15.5 mm. Black shining and punctate; labium, apical joints of labial palpi and last three joints of maxillary palpi, yellowish ; mandibles except at base rufous ; legs black, with the apices of the front and middle femora, their tibice and tarsi and the hind tibije, except at apex and their tarsi, reddish-yellow ; abdominal segments 2 to 5, except the first apically, rufous. Wings subhyaline, the stigma, except the margins, brownish-yellow, the internal veins dark brown, the disco-cubital vein not broken by a stump of a vein, the areolet rather large, pentagonal, the second recurrent nervure join- ing it only slightly, hardly perceptibly, before its middle. The meta- thoracic areola is horse-hoof shaped, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas being confluent. The abdomen is distinctly punctate, the punctuation on the second and third segments being closer and more distinct, on the following finer and less distinct, the second with some coarse elevated lines basally, the gastrocoeli broad and widely separated, the apex of the petiole being longitudinally striate. Type. — Cat. No. 5542, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 20. One specimen. CRATICHNEUMON YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 7.5 to 8 mm. Head thorax and petiole of abdomen, except at apex, black ; a dot at summit of eyes, the anterior orbits, face below antenna;, lower hind orbits and the cheeks, mandibles except teeth, palpi, scape beneath, tegulas, an abbreviated line in front of 158 ASHMEAD them, along the upper margin of the pronotum, and a short line beneath, tibial spurs, and the anterior and middle coxse and trochan- ters, ivory or yellowish-white ; rest of legs, except the base of hind trochanters, apices of hind tibia and tarsi which are black or fuscous, and the abdomen, red ; scutellum and postscutellum yellow ; ocelli whitish ; flagellum ferruginous beneath. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins, except the subcostal, median and submedian veins basally, being brown-black ; the disco-cubital vein has only a trace of a stump of a vein, the areolet being irregularly pentagonal, the sides strongly convergent above, and receiving the second recurrent nervure very slightly beyond its middle. The head is feebly, sparsely punctate, the cheeks and temples being impunctate, thorax sparsely but more dis- tinctly punctate, the metathorax rugulose, strongly and completely areolated, the areola horse-hoof shaped, wider than long. The ab- domen is twice as long as the thorax, smooth and shining, the petiole very sparsely punctate, except at extreme apex where it is smooth and impunctate, second and third segments punctate, the second the more strongly punctate, the gastrocoeli small and not very deeply im- pressed. Type. — Cat. No. 5543, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21 ; Popof Island, July 11, two specimens. CRATICHNEUMON CONFUSUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 to 7 mm. Head, except anteriorly and the thorax except the mesonotum and scutellum, black ; abdomen, except basal two-thirds of first segment, basal half or more of second segment, a broad band at base of third segment, and usually a very narrow band at base and apex of fourth segment, which are black, rufous or ferruginous ; face below the insertion of the antennae and extending more or less along the front orbits, cheeks and lower hind orbits, mandibles, except teeth, palpi, scape beneath, a short line in front of tegula and a spot or line beneath, a line on lower margin of the pronotum just above the prosternum and the tibial spurs, ivory or yellowish-white ; sometimes the front and middle coxae are also more or less whitish ; flagellum black, broadly ferruginous beneath ; legs rufous, with the hind tarsi fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins, except the sub- costal median and submedian veins basally, brown, the subcostal, median and submedian veins basally, being pale yellowish ; the disco- cubital vein is broken by a small stump of a vein just beyond its middle ; the areolet is irregularly pentagonal, the second recurrent nervure re- ceived beyond its middle. HYMENOPTERA I59 The head and thorax above are sparsely punctate, the pleura being rugulosely punctate, the metathorax more strongly rugulose, the wrinkles in the areas, and particularly in the petiolar area, which is very long, being transverse ; the areola is horse-hoof shaped, the basal lateral and the median lateral areas being confluent. The abdomen is fully twice and sometimes more than twice longer than the thorax ; the petiole is punctate and somewhat aciculate to slightly beyond the spiracle, the surface beyond being smooth or only faintly punctate; dorsal segments 2 and 3 alutaceous and also punctate, the punctuation of the second being more distinct and somewhat rugulose basally, the segments beyond smooth, impunctate. Type. — Cat. No. 5544, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21 ; Orca, June 26. Several specimens. This species mimics the inale of Ichneumon brevipe^inis Cresson in color, and the metathoracic characters must be closely scrutinized or it may be easily confounded with it. CRATICHNEUMON POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 7 mm. Ferruginous ; a frontal spot above an- tennjE, stemmaticum, occiput, prosternum, thoracic sutures, the trans- verse depression of the prothorax and metathorax entirely and base of petiole, black ; flagellum brown black, with joints 8 to 1 1 more or less whitish or pale yellowish ; palpi white ; apex of hind tibiae and more or less of hind tarsi, fuscous. Stature similar to Ichneumon brevipennis Cresson, the head sub- quadrate, the antennae stout, 26-jointed, the joints of the flagellum after the fourth, transverse, the first only about twice as long as thick, joints 2 to 4 gradually shortening, the fourth not longer than thick. Thorax smooth, sparsely punctate, the metathorax rugulose, the areola large, nearly horse-hoof shaped, the anterior lateral angles being obtuse, the basal lateral and middle lateral areas being confluent. The abdomen is hardly one and a half times as long as the head and thorax united ; the petiole, except at apex, is finely rugulose, the second and third seg- ments alutaceous and punctate, the punctures on the third being shal- lower and more sparsely distributed, the following segments being smooth, impunctate, the gastrocoeli shallow and poorly defined ; ovi- positor subexserted, the sheaths black. Male. — Agrees well with the female, except that the metathorax is fen-uginous, except along the pectus, the flagellum being black above, ferruginous beneath, without an annulus, while the apices of coxae, l6o ASHMEAD first joint of trochanters and the extreme apices of hind femora and tibiae and hind tarsi, are fuscous. Type. — Cat. No. 5545, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10. Two specimens. Genus Probolus Wesmael. PROBOLUS SUBDENTATUS sp. nov. Male. — Length S.5 mm. Rufous or ferruginous ; the occiput, ocelli and space anteriorly to the insertion of the antennte, the space sur- rounding the clypeal spiracles and the sutures of the thorax, black ; front and hind orbits, a spot on each side of the clypeus, a spot at summit of eyes, and the palpi, yellowish-white. Wings hyaline or only faintly tinged, the costal vein anteriorly and the stigma brownish-yellow, the internal veins darker or brown. The head and thorax are distinctly, rather closely punctate, the met- athorax being rugulose. The sutures of the thoracic sclerites, the de- pression at base of scutellum, the mesonotal ridge extending on to the scutellum, the depressions at the insertion of the wings, the incision between the postscutellum and the metathorax, and the hind margin of the metathorax at base of coxae and insertion of abdomen, are black. The dorsum of the metanotum is very short, the metathorax being obliquely truncate from just beyond its base, the upper hind angles subdentate, the carinae very strong and forming complete areas, the areola in outline semicircular, the spiracles being elongate. The ab- domen is longer than the head and thorax united ; the petiole or first segment is rather coarsely rugulose, with a hump-like elevation at its apical third, its dorsum strongly bicarinate, the carinae extending from base to apex ; segments 2 and 3 rugoso-punctate, both, however, smooth toward apex, the gastrocoeli deep, transverse ; fourth segment finely and sparsely punctate towards base, the segments beyond smooth or nearly so, at most very sparsely and microscopically punctate. Type. — Cat. No. 5546, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. PLATYLABUS INCABUS Davis. Platylabus incabtis Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 352, $, 1897. Male. — Length 8.5 mm. Agrees fairly well with Davis's descrip- tion of the female except as follows : The anterior orbits have a faint much abbreviated white line opposite but a little above the insertion of the antennas and an abbreviated but more distinct white line on the HYMENOPTERA « l6l hind orbits; the anteniiEe, except a yellowish-white spot on joints 14 and 15, are wholly black; the legs are red, with the coxa; slightly at base, hind tibijE toward apex and their tarsi faintly^ fuscous or blackish ; while the abdomen is alutaceous and feebly but distinctly punctate, especially on segments 3 and 3, the punctuation of the fourth segment very faint, the fifth and beyond alutaceous, impunctate, the petiole rugulose its entire length except a narrow transverse, smooth, shining spot at the extreme apex of the middle lobe, or space between the dorsal carinas. From Popof Island, July 6. This species was originally characterized by Mr. Davis from a single female, taken by Professor Aldrich, at Moscow, Idaho. PLATYLABUS CALIFORNICUS Cresson. Platylabiis calif ornicus Ck^sso''^, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 357, 1878 — Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vi, p. 201, 1877. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 191, 1887. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One female. Tribe PHy^OGENINI. Genus Centeterus Wesmael. CENTETERUS DORSATOR sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 mm. Head, except face, upper orbits and a spot back of the ocelli, the antenna, prosternum, mesosternum, anterior margin of the mesopleura, metathorax entirely, sutures of thorax above, petiole of abdomen, except at apex, and the middle and hind coxae beneath, black ; the lines on front orbits and the spot back of ocelli lemon-yellow ; rest of body ferruginous, except that the first joint of the middle and hind trochanters, tips of hind tibiae and their tarsi, and lateral blotches on dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 4 are fuscous. The head is subquadrate, the temples broad, apparently smooth and impunctate, although with a strong lens the frontal depression is seen to be alutaceous. The thorax is smooth and shining, but with some sparse, minute punctures scattered over its surface, the metathorax being finely rugulose, the areola quadrate, open towards the base, the basal lateral and middle lateral areas confluent. The abdomen is longer than the head and thorax united, smooth and impunctate, except that the petiole and the second segment under a strong lens, are seen to have a very fine, coriaceous sculpture. 1 62 ASHMEAD Type.— Cat. No. 5547, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Eriplatys Forster. ERIPLATYS SITKENSIS sp. nov. Fe?nale. — Length 4 mm. Head, scape of antennae, thorax, hind coxae and first segment of abdomen, black ; mandibles, legs and rest of the abdomen, ferruginous; flagellum brown-black, with the first joint, the pedicel and ring-joint narrowly yellowish at apex. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown. The antennae are rather stout, 22-jointed, thickened and convoluted toward apex, the scape very large, subglobose, obliquely truncate at apex, the first three joints of the flagellum obconic, subequal, hardly twice as long as thick at apex, the following shorter, joint 1 1 and beyond to last being transverse, the last cone-shaped. The head and thorax above are smooth and polished, or at most with a few, sparse, minute punctures scattered over the surface, the face and mesopleura more distinctly punc- tate, the metathorax rugulose and completely areolate, the areola hex- agonal. The abdomen is pointed at apex and a little longer than the head and thorax united, smooth and polished, excepting that the sur- face of the petiole, the second dorsal segment and the third to a slight extent, if examined under a strong lens, appear very finely coriaceous, the thyridia on the second being represented by faint transverse depressed lines near the base. Type. — Cat. No. 5548, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16. One specimen. Subfamily CRTPTIN^^. Tribe STILPNINI. Genus Xestophya Forster. XESTOPHYA POLITA sp. nov. Female. — Length 1.8 to 2 mm. Polished black, impunctate except the sides of the thorax and the abdomen, which are sometimes dark rufo-piceous, sometimes more or less yellowish basally. Antennae 16- to 17-jointed (the last joint sometimes indistinctly articulated or closely united with the preceding), the flagellum is subclavate, brown-black, the first joint with an annulus at base and the pedicel yellow. Legs black or piceous black, with the sutures of the trochanters, extreme apices of femora and all tibiae and tarsi, except the last joint, yellow. Wings hyaline, with the stigma and veins brownish-yellow or pale HYMENOPTERA 163 yellow. The metathorax is incompletely areolated, the areola and the petiole area confluent, the lateral apical areas complete, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas being represented by a single large area. The abdomen varies from black to rufo-piceous, the petiole usually rufous and finely, longitudinally aciculated at apex, about thrice as long as wide ; the body of abdomen viewed from above is oblong-oval or obovate, viewed from beneath it is seen to be compressed at apex ; the whole surface is highly polished, impuncate, segments i to 3 (or 2 to 4, counting the petiole as the first) occupying most of the surface, the first the longest segment ; ovipositor exserted but not as long as the basal joint of hind tarsi. jSIale. — Length 1.5 to 1.8 mm. Agrees very well with the female except that the antennae are longer, filiform, not thickened toward apex, and always 19-jointed ; the abdomen is clavate, the petiole much longer and black, the body being pear-shaped, the two basal segments and sometimes the third are usually rufous, while the tibiie are embrowned ; palpi yellowish. Type. — Cat. No. 5549, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). Eight specimens. XESTOPHYA NIGRIFES sp. nov. Male. — Length 2.5 mm. Wholly black, except as follows : An annulus at base of first joint of the flagellum, tibial spurs, sutures be- tween the trochanters and base of femora, the extreme apex of front femora, their tibiie at base and beneath and their tarsi, pale yellowish, rest of legs and the palpi black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brownish. Type. — Cat. No. 5550, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. Genus Asynocrita Forster. ASYNOCRITA sp. From Unalaska. A single specimen too badly broken for describing. Genus Exolytus Holmgren. This genus is probably parasitic upon dipterous larvae and is well represented in all boreal regions, though comparatively few have been described in the North American fauna. There are now known from Alaska eleven species {sens, lat.) which may be recognized by the use of the following table. 164 ASHMEAD TABLE OF SPECIES. Species not ?nostly blacky the clypeus pale yellow or the abdomen is more or less red or banded with red 7 Species mostly black or the head, thorax and abdomen are black. Antennae 20-jointed or less 4 Antennse more than zo-jointed 2 2. Antennae less than 24-jointed 3 AntenncE 24-jointed. Legs mostly black, the sutures of troctianters, knees, tibiae sometimes beneath, tibial'spurs, and apices of tarsal joints testaceous. Male. E. perplexus. 3. Antennae 21 -jointed; legs more or less black, all coxae always black. Antennal joints 19 to 20, not longer than thick ; tips of anterior and middle femora, their tibise and tarsi and the hind tibiae testaceous ; hind tarsi fuscous. Male E. fofofensis. Antennal joints 12 to 20, about equal, all a little longer than thick; anterior and middle legs (except more or less of middle femora basally, rarely the anterior femora basally), and hind tibiae testa- ceous E. niger. 4. Antennae 19-jointed 6 Antennas 20-jointed. Front and middle coxae, except the middle sometimes at base, pale ferruginous or yellowish 5 All coxae black. Legs mostly black, the sutures of trochanters, the knees, tibial spurs and apices of tarsal joints testaceous ; sometimes most of the front femora, apices of middle femora, all tibiae and the anterior and middle tarsi are testaceous ; antennal joints 13 to 19, a little longer than thick. Male E. sanctipauli. 5. Legs mostly pale ferruginous, with the hind pair, except their tibiae basally, black, the front and middle tarsi subfuscous ; antennal joints 16 to 19 very little longer than thick. Female E. tuigce. Legs ferruginous, with the first joint of hind trochanters and basal two or three joints of hind tarsi, subfuscous ; antennal joints 16 to 19 about twice as long as thick. Female E. alaskensis. 6. Legs mostly black, with the sutures of trochanters, knees, hind tibiae, except apicallv, and the extreme apices of tarsal joints, testaceous ; antennae black, shorter than in previous species, joints 6 and 7 a little longer than thick, joints S to iS quadrate, not longer than thick. Female E. kincaidi. Legs mostly black, with the sutures of trochanters, knees and all tibiae, flavo-ferruginous, the tarsi more or less fuscous; antennal joints 6 to 9 more than twice longer than thick, joints 10 to 18 all longer than thick. Female E. insularis. HYMENOPTERA 1 65 7. Clypeus black 8 Clypeus not black. Antennae 24-jointed, the flagellum ferruginous ; cljpeus, mandibles, except teeth, palpi at base, tegulse, a spot in front, apices of front and middle coxa, all trochanters more or less, tibial spurs and the ventral fold of abdomen, ivory or yellowish-white. Female. E. clypeatus. Antennse 23-jointed, the flagellum black ; clypeus and legs, except the hind coxae, ferruginous ; palpi and tegulae pale yellow. Male. E. seldovicB. 8. Abdomen mostly red or segments i to6 banded with red 12. Abdomen mostly black, with usually only the second and third segments red or red in part 9. 9. Antennae 21 -jointed or less 10. Antennae 26-jointed. Third abdominal segment red or red in part, especially basally, sometimes the apex of the second segment red. All coxae black ; basal joint of trochanters, the femora more or less and the hind tarsi black, rest of legs rufo-testaceous. E. rubrocinctus. Antennae.'^ broken. Second abdominal segment, except the extreme base, and the third segment, except at apex, red ; legs, including coxae, fulvo-ferrugi- nous. Female E. ungensis. 10. AntenuEe 20- jointed or less 11. Antennae 21 -jointed. Second and third abdominal segments red ; legs, including coxie, fer- ruginous E.sarpedontis. 1 1. None in this section from Alaska. 12. Antennae 28- jointed. Antennae not ringed with white ..E. ithacce. Antennae ringed with white E. concatnetus. EXOLYTUS PERPLEXUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 to 4.5 mm. Polished black, impunctate ; an annulus at base of first joint of the flagellum, sutures of trochanters, knees, tibiae beneath so7netimes but rarely, tibial spurs and the extreme apices of the tarsal joints, testaceous. The antennas are 24- jointed, the third joint the longest, a little longer than the fourth. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins dark brown, the costae, median and submedian veins in the front wings toward base, and the subcostal, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May, 1902. l66 ASHMEAD median and submedian veins in the hind wings, yellow ; areolet open behind. The lateral depressions of the scutellum, the mesopleura superiorly, just beneath the insertion of the wings, and the petiole of the abdomen, are striated. Type.— Cut. No. 5563, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August (Fur Seal Commission) . Three specimens. EXOLYTUS POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 6 mm. Polished black, impunctate, the meso- pleui'a superiorly beneath the insertion of the wings and the petiole of the abdomen not striated ; pedicel at apex and the ring-joint flavo- testaceous ; legs more or less black, with the sutures of trochanters, tips of front and middle femora (the former almost wholly beneath), their tibiae and tarsi and the hind tarsi, testaceous ; hind tarsi fuscous, the joints of the anterior and middle tarsi are also sometimes more or less subfuscous. Antennae 21-jointed. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, as in E. ferplexus. Male (?) — Length 4 mm. Agrees well with the female, except that the mesopleui"a beneath the wings and the petiole of the abdomen are coriaceous and not perfectly smooth and polished as in the opposite sex. Type. — Cat. No. 5564, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, August (Fur Seal Commission). EXOLYTUS NIGER Ashmead. Exolytus niger Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Islands, Pt. iv, p. 338, 9. 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 4041, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Bering Island (Dr. Stejneger) ; Alaska, Pribilof Islands (F. A. Lucas). EXOLYTUS SANCTIPAULI sp. nov. Fe^nale. — Length 4 to 4.5 mm. Polished black and in color and sculpture is very nearly a counterpart of E. perplexus from which it may, however, be easily distinguished by having onl}^ 20-jointed an- tennae, by the areolet in the front wings being closed by an hyaline, although distinct, vein, and by the less distinctly striated petiole of the abdomen. Two or three of the specimens have the legs colored as in E. popof ensis. Type. — Cat. No. 5565, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, July 21 (Fur Seal Commision) ; Popof Island, July 9, 10. HYMENOPTERA 1 67 EXOLYTUS UNG^ sp. nov. Male and Female. — Length 3 to 3.5 mm. Polished black, im- punctate ; an annulus at base of first joint of the flagellum, mandibles and legs, except as hereafter noted, pale ferruginous or yellowish ; base of middle coxae and hind legs, except sutures of trochanters, basal two- thirds of their tibiae and the tibial spurs, black ; all tarsi fuscous or subfuscous sometimes ; palpi and tegulae yellowish-white. Antennae 20-jointed. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet open behind, the transverse median nervure interstitial, or very nearly. The mesopleura beneath the wings and the petiole of the abdomen are impunctate although the latter sometimes exhibits a faint alutaceous sculpture, more noticeable in the male. Type. — Cat. No. 5566, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Unga, July 21 ; Unalaska, August 24. EXOLYTUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5.5 mm. Polished black, impunctate; palpi and tegulae yellowish-white, legs, except the hind coxae and the first joint of their trochanters, pale ferruginous or brownish-yellow. Antennae 20-jointed. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet closed but the closing vein is hyaline, nearly obsolete, so that without care one might easily take it to be open. Abdomen much elongate, twice longer than the thorax, the petiole smooth except towards the base, where it is feebly alutaceous. Type. — Cat. No. 5567, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 8. One specimen. EXOLYTUS KINCAIDI sp. nov. Female. — Length 4.5 mm. Polished black, with the transverse de- pressions at sides of the prothorax, the depressions at sides of scutellum and mesopleura superiorly just beneath the wings, lineated ; the petiole of the abdomen has a slight median furrow at its apex and some feeble lineations on either side of the furrow. Mandibles and palpi black. AntennjE 19-jointed. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brownish, the areolet closed by an hyaline nervure, while the recurrent nervure at apex and the disco-cubital nervure beyond the middle are broken by bullce. Type.— Cut. No. 5568, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). l68 ASHMEAD EXOLYTUS INSULARIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 4 mm. In color very similar to E. kincaidi and agreeing with it also in having 19-jointed antennae but readily separated by the differences brought out in the table of species — color of legs and relative length of antennal joints — and the following differ- ences : The depressions at the sides of the pronotum are not lineated, the apex of the clypeus and the mandibles are rufous, the labial palpi yellowish, while the petiole of abdomen is smooth and without the median furrow at apex. Type. — Cat. No. 5569, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10. One specimen. EXOLYTUS CLYPEATUS sp. nov. (PI. IX, fig. 5.) Female. — Length 6 mm. Polished black, with the clypeus, mandi- bles, except teeth, palpi at base, tegulae, a spot in front of it, the apices of front and middle coxje, all trochanters, except more or less of the first joint above., tibial spurs and the ventral fold of abdomen, ivory or yel- lowish-white ; rest of legs pale ferruginous or yellowish, the middle femora basally brownish, the middle and hind coxae and the hind femora mostly black. Antennte 34-jointed, the flagellum ferruginous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and costal vein brownish, the internal veins paler, the areolet open, without a vestige of the second transverse cubitus. Abdomen very long, compressed more than twice longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole feebly coriaceous with the spiracles placed before its middle. Type. — Cat. No. 5570, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July II. One specimen. EXOLYTUS SELDOVIyE sp. nov. Male. — Length 5.5 mm. Black, with the mandibles, legs, except hind coxae, the apex of the second dorsal abdominal segment and the base of the third dorsal segment, red or rufo-testaceous ; palpi, tegulffi and front coxae and trochanters pale yellowish. Antennae 23- jointed. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the epitegulae, subcostal vein and the veins in the hind wings toward base, pale yel- lowish; areolet closed by an hyaline vein. Abdomen polished, shining, the petiole elongate, lineated at the sides. Type. — Cat. No. 5572, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Seldovia, July 4. One specimen. HYMENOPTERA 1 69 EXOLYTUS RUBROCINCTUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6.5 mm. Polished black ; palpi yellowish ; the third dorsal abdominal segment, except sometimes at apex, ventral segments 2 and 3 and the legs, except coxae, basal joint of trochanters, more or less of femora and the hind tarsi which are black, are red or rufo-testaceous. Antennae 26-jointed. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the epitegulae and the svibcostal vein pale yellowish, the areolet open. Type. — Cat. No. 5571, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 8. Two specimens. EXOLYTUS UNGENSIS sp. nov. JPevtale. — Length 5 mm. Black ; the tegulce and legs pale ferru- ginous, the front and middle coxte and trochanters yellowish ; abdo- men with the venter at apex and dorsal segments 2 and 3, except the former narrowly at base and the latter at apex, red. Antennce? broken. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the epiteguljE, subcostal, median and submedian veins pale yellowish. Abdomen smooth and polished, the petiole with a few irregular, longitudinal wrinkles, but not distinctly striated. Type. — Cat. No. 5573, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Unga, July 21. One specimen. Genus Atractodes Gravenhorst. ATRACTODES YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.5 mm. Black, coriaceously opaque ; mandibles, sutures of trochanters and knees rufo-testaceous ; tegulas and tibial spurs pale yellowish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet open behind. The head is transverse, at least thrice as wide as thick antero-pos- teriorly, the temples only about half the width of the eyes, the eyes being large, oval. The mctathorax is long, areolated, the areola com- plete, hexagonal. The abdomen is scarcely the length of the thorax, finely coriaceous, the petiole striate, a little longer than the second segment. Type. — Cat. No. 5574, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. One specimen. 170 ASHMEAD Tribe PHTGADEUONINi. Genus Stibeutes Forster. STIBEUTES NIGRITA Ashmead. Stibeutes nigrita Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Isl., Pt. iv, p. 338, $, 1899. Type.—CaX. No. 3650, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission) ; Copper Island, Asia (Dr. L. Stejneger). Genus Stiboscopus Forster. In this genus should be placed Stilpnus hudsonicus Cresson, described from Hudson Bay Territory. It is well represented in our fauna and six species have been recognized in the Alaskan material, distinguish- able by the aid of the following table. TABLE OF SPECIES. I . Species ferruginous 6 Species black or at least with the head and thorax black. Abdomen entirely black or at most with only a slight piceous tinge on the second segment 2 Abdomen not entirely black 4 2. Hind coxae alone black, the front and middle coxae ferruginous or only black basally 3 All cox£e black. Legs mostly black, with the sutures of trochanters, tibiae and the extreme apices of tarsal joints, dark rufous ; antennae 20-jointed, incrassate toward apex. Female >S. sanctipauli . 3. Legs, except hind coxae, ferruginous ; antennae 21-jointed, not incrassate toward apex. Female 6'. alaskensis. 4. Abdomen black, with the sutures i and 2 testaceous, the color sometimes extending more or less distinctly on the surrounding surface 5 Abdomen black, with a narrow testaceous band at base of third segment. Antennae 24-jointed ; legs mostly black with sutures of trochanters^ knees, tibiae, except at apex, and the front and middle tarsi, flavo-tes- taceous. Male 5. solitarins. HYMENOPTERA I'Jl Hind coxje black ; anterior and middle legs ferruginous or reddish, the hind legs black or fuscous, their tibiae more or less ferru- ginous basally. Antennae 23-jointeci; abdomen with the petiole shagreened, the second and following segments smooth. Male S. mandibularis. Antennae 21-jointed, very long; abdomen with the petiole and the sec- ond segment finely shagreened, those beyond smooth. Male. 5'. sitkensis. 6. Antenna 25-jointed; sheaths of ovipositor black; wings hyaline, the costal vein and the stigma light brown or brownish-yellow, the sub- costal vein and the internal veins dark brown. 'M.a\Q...S. ferrttgineus. STIBOSCOPUS SANCTIPAULI sp. nov. Female. — Length 2.5 mm. Polished black, the ovipositor about one-third the length of the abdomen, the sutures of the trochanters, tibise and the extreme apices of the tarsal joints dark rufous. Antennae 20-jointed, thickened toward apex, the first joint of the flagellum only about two-thirds the length of the second. Wings subhyaline, the stigma and veins brown. The head is large, quadrate ; the mesonotum on the disk is flat, the scutellum with a crenate furrow across the base ; the metathorax is completely areolated, the areola nearly horse-hoof shaped. Abdomen polished, shining ; the first segment is feebly coriaceous at sides and towards base, polished at apex, the second and third segments large, subequal, broader than long, the second a little longer than the first. Type. — Cat. No. 5576, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. STIBOSCOPUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.4 mm. Polished black; legs, except the middle coxte, basally and the hind coxae ferruginous; antennie 21- jointed, the first joint of the flagellum a little longer than the second, with a pale annulus at base. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins yellowish. The head is transverse quadrate, the mesonotum feebly de- pressed posteriorly, the scutellum with a non-crenate furrow across the base, the metathorax areolated, the areola hexagonal, wider than long. Abdomen oblong-oval, similar to S. sanctipatdi., except that the petiole or first segment is longitudinally striate. Type. — Cat. No. 5577, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. iy2 ASHMEAD STIBOSCOPUS SOLITARIUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.5 mm. Black, the head above and the meso- thorax, except the metanotum, poHshed, shining ; abdomen with a nar- row testaceous band at base of third ; palpi and tegulae yellowish- white ; legs mostly black, with the sutures of the trochanters, knees, tibiae, except at apex, and the front and middle tarsi, flavo-testaceous. Metathorax areolated, the areola hexagonal, longer than wide. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Abdomen a little longer than the head and the thorax united, the first three segments finely coria- ceous, opaque, the following smoother, the second segment a little longer than wide, the third a little wider than long. Type. — Cat. No. 5578, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 12. One specimen. STIBOSCOPUS MANDIBULARIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 mm. Polished black ; abdominal sutures i and 2 testaceous ; legs, except the hind tibiae basally and the middle femora basally ferruginous. Antennas 23-jointed, the first three joints of the flagellum subequal, the first scarcely longer than the second. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Metathorax areolated, the areola hexagonal. Abdomen a little longer than the head and thorax united, polished, shining, except the petiole which is feebly wrinkled, subopaque, with two feeble, median dorsal carinas toward base. Type. — Cat. No. 5579, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land, August (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. STIBOSCOPUS SITKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.5 mm. Polished black; mandibles rufo-piceous ; sutures 2 and 3 of abdomen and the legs, except hind coxae, their femora, their tibijE toward apex and their tarsi, ferruginous. Antennae 2 1 -jointed, the three or four basal joints of the flagellum elongate, the first the longest with a yellowish annulus at base. Metathorax areo- lated, the carinae strongly elevated, the areola hexagonal, longer than wide. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown, the areolet irregularly pentagonal, receiving the second recurrent nervure much beyond its middle. Abdomen elongate, longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole and second segment shagreened, the follow- ing smooth and polished. HYMENOPTERA I73 Type, — Cat. No. 5580, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 15. One specimen. STIBOSCOPUS FERRUGINEUS sp. nov. Female. — Length 7 mm. Ferruginous, the antennae and legs paler, more of a brownish-yellow ; head subquadrate, coriaceous, the eyes black. Antennae 25-jointed, slightly thickened toward apex, the first and second joint of flagellum elongate, subequal. Wings hyaline or at most only faintly tinged, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet large, pentagonal, the sides nearly parallel. Metathorax incompletely areolated, the areola hexagonal, the lateral longitudinal carinas and the basal and lateral median areas obliterated. Abdomen with the first three segments finely, uniformly coriaceous. Type. — Cat. No. 5581, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 9. One specimen. Genus Bathymetis Forster. This genus is well represented in North America. The following table will enable the student to separate the species found in Alaska : TABLE OF SPECIES. Species rufous or ferruginous 26. Species <5/ac^ or the head and thorax black 2. 2. Abdomen entirely black or at most with a piceous or testaceous tinge in one or more of the sutures 3. Abdomen not entirely black, either red or with one or more of the segments red or marked with red 13. 3. All coxae black or black basally. Antennae 20-jointed or less. (Male 24- jointed) 8. Antennae 21 -jointed or more 4. 4. Antennae less than 24-jointed. (Female 20-jointed.) Antennae 24-jointed. Male. (Female 20-jointed.) Legs black, with the sutures or more of trochanters, apices of front and middle femora, the front tibise and tarsi and the middle and hind tibiae, except at apex, testaceous ; first and second joints of the flagellum about equal, fully thrice as long as thick; abdomen one- third longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole stout, finely rugulose, not distinctly aciculate except along the sides. B. ntirricornis. 17^ ASHMEAD 5. Antennae 22-jointed or less 6. Antennae 23-jointed. (Female 19-jointed.) Legs black, with the sutures of trochanters, front and middle legs except femora basally, tips of hind femora and their tibiae, except apex, rufo- tes taceous B. sim illima. 6. Antenna 2 1 -jointed. Male 7. Antennae 22-jointed. Male. (Female 18- jointed.) Legs, except the anterior coxae basallj, the middle and hind coxae, bases of front and middle femora and hind legs, except basal two-thirds of tibiae which are black, ferruginous ; abdomen with usually more or less of the third dorsal segment red, or the apex of the second and the base of the third segments are reddish. Male B. confusa. 7. Legs black with the sutures of trochanters, apices of femora, all tibiae, except the hind pair at apex, and the anterior and middle tarsi more or less testaceous ; first and second joints of flagellum subequal, the first slightly the longer with a pale annulus at base, about 3^ times as long as thick ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole finely rugulose to a little beyond the spiracles. Male. B. ungce. S. Antennae less than 20-jointed 11. Antennae 20-jointed. Females 9 . Males 10. 9. Legs black, with the sutures of the trochanters, apices of femora (the anterior usually entirely beneath), and the tibiae, except the posterior at apex, dark rufous, the tarsi black or fuscous; pedicel testaceous at apex; metathoracic areola hexagonal, fully as long as wide or a little longer ; first joint of flagellum only about two-thirds the length of the second, the third only a little shorter than the second, joints 5 and those beyond to the last, not, or scarcely, longer than thick, the last oblong B. 7iigricornis . Legs black with the apex of front coxae, their femora, except slightly at base above, their tibi^ and tarsi, second joint of middle and hind trochanters, apices of their femora, middle tibiae and tarsi and hind tibiae, except at apex, rufo-testaceous ; pedicel and first joint of flag- ellum at base, rufo-testaceous; metathoracic areole hexagonal, a little wider than long. First joint of flagellum about two-thirds the length of the second, the third only a little shorter than the second, joints 7 and 8. a little thicker than long, the following to the last a little longer than thick, the last joint oblong; petiole finely coriaceous B. imitator. First joint of flagellum only a little longer than thick at apex, usually two-thirds the length of the second, joints 5 and 6 quadrate, the following to the last a little longer than thick, the last oblong, nearly thrice as long as thick ; petiole coriaceous to the spiracles and along the sides to beyond the spiracles B. sitnulans. HYMENOPTERA 1 75 10. All coxae black, the anterior sometimes testaceous at apex, rest of legs mostly black, with sutures of trochanters, tips of femora, tibiae except hind pair, and the tarsi, except the posterior, dark rufous, the middle and front tarsi with the joints more or less fuscous basally ; first and second joints of flagellum equal hardly or not more than thrice longer than thick at apex. Metathoracic areola hexagonal but much wider than long ; fovea at base of scutellum smooth, without striae ; antennal joints 13 to 19 distinctly longer than thick B. quadriceps. Metathoracic areola hexagonal but longer than wide ; fovea at base of scutellum with striae ; antennal joints 13 to 19 hardly longer than thick.. B. simulator. 11. Antennae iS-jointed 12. Antennae 19-jointed. Legs black, with the sutures of trochanters apices of femora and tibiae except the posterior at apex rufo-testaceous, tarsi black or fuscous, the extreme tips of the anterior and middle tarsal joints (rarely entirely) and the apex of the antennal pedicels testaceous. First joint of the flagellum only two-thirds the length of the sec- ond, joints 5 to 10 not longer than thick, the last oblong, thrice as long as thick ; petiole of abdomen coriaceous or finely sha- greened to the spiracles. Female B. simillima. 12. Legs black, with the sutures of trochanters, tips of femora, the front and middle tibiae and tarsi and the hind tibiae, except at apex, rufo- testaceous ; third joint of antennae obconical, only a little longer than thick at apex and much shorter than the fourth, joints 7-10 quadrate or nearly. Female. (Male 22-jointed antennae.) B. confusa. 13. Abdomen not entirely red, always black at base and apex.... 14. Abdomen, except sometimes the petiole or the petiole at base, entirely red or ferruginous 24. 14. Abdomen with dorsal segments 2 and 3 and sometimes 4, or at least basally or in the sutures, red 22. Abdomen quite differently marked, dorsal segments 2 and 3 never both red 15. 15. Antennae 23-jointed or less 17. Antennae 24-jointed. Male. (Female 20-jointed) 16. 16. Abdomen with the second suture and extreme apex of the segment, and the base of third segment or the third wholly testaceous or dark rufous; rarely with base of fourth segment red; first and second joints of flagellum equal or very nearly, the penultimate joint very distinctly longer than thick B. rubrocincta. iy6 ASHMEAD Abdomen with second suture including the extreme apex of the second segment and the apex of the third segment, testaceous (sometimes with only the second and third sutures testaceous); second joint of flagellum a little shorter than the first, the following imperceptibly shortening the penultimate joint being only a little longer than thick. B. imitator. 17. Antennae 22-jointed or less 18. Antennae 23-jointed. Male. (Female 19-jointed.) Abdomen with the third segment dark rufous B. simillima. 18. Antennae 21-jointed or less 19. Antennae 22-jointed. Males. (Female i8-jointed.) Abdomen with the extreme apices of the second and the third segments testaceous B. confusa. Abdomen with the apex of the second segment and the third entirely testaceous B. co7tfusa. 19. Antennae 20-jointed or less 20. Antennae 21-jointed. Female. Abdomen with the apex of the second segment, second suture and the third segment basally, testaceous B. ungcB. 20. Antennae 19-jointed or less 21. Antennae 20-jointed. Females. (Male 24-jointed.) Abdomen with base of second segment and the third more or less dark rufous. Length 4 mm. Metathoracic areola horse-hoof shaped ; areolet receiving the second recurrent nervure before its apical third. B. rtibrocincta. Length 3 mm. Metathoracic areola hexagonal ; areolet receiving the second recurrent nervure at its apical third B. imitator. Males. (Female unknown.) Length 3.5 mm. Third and fourth antennal joints equal, both a little longer than the fifth B. quadriceps. Length 4 mm. or more. Third antennal joint a little shorter than fourth, but equal to the fifth B. simulator. 21. Antennae 19-jointed. Female B. simillima. Antennae i8-jointed. Female B. confusa. 22. Antennae 21-jointed or less 23. Antennae 24-jointed. Male. Abdomen black, with dorsal segments 2 and 3 red, and sometimes the apex of the first and the base or more of the fourth, red... ,5. bicolor. 23. Antennae 21-jointed. Male. None in this section known from Alaska. Antennae 19-jointed. Female. (Males 23-jointed.) None in this section known from Alaska. HYMENOPTERA 1 77 24. All cox£E red or pale, never black 25. All coxaj black. Antennse 22-jointed. Female. None in this section known from Alaska. Antennae 20-jointed. Female B. bicolor. 25. To this section belong Phygadenon californicus Cr., P. crassipes Prov. and P. vulgaris Cr. 26. None in this section are found in Alaska. BATHYMETIS NIGRICORNIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.5 mm. ; ovipositor a little longer than the petiole. Polished black, the face sparsely punctate, the metathorax finely wrinkled and completely areolated ; mandibles, except teeth, sutures of trochanters, knees and tibite, except the apex of the hind tibice, dark rufo-testaceous, the tarsi mostly fuscous, the anterior and middle tarsi with the apices of joints and beneath usually testaceous, rarely wholly testaceous ; tegulae and tibial spurs yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins dark brown. Head quadrate, the temples full, broader than the eyes. Antennae 20-jointed, slightly thickened toward the apex, the second and third joints of the flagellum subequal, about one-half longer than the first, the joints beyond, to the last, shorter joints 5 and 6 quadrate or nearly so, the following to the last a little wider than long, the last oblong, a little more than twice longer than thick. Male. — Length 5 mm. Agrees well with the female except in the usual sexual differences. The head is subquadrate, the abdomen longer, clavate, one-third longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole finely rugulose, longitudinally aciculated at sides, while the antennae are 24-jointed, the flagellum being filiform, the first and second joints of same subequal in length, or at most, with the first very slightly the longer. 73;^^._Cat. No. 5582, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS IMITATOR sp. nov. Pemale. — Length 2.8 to 3 mm. ; ovipositor not longer than the petiole. Polished black, the base below the antennte sparsely punc- tate, the space above flat or depressed and smooth ; legs black, with the apices of front coxa?, their femora, except slightly basally above, their tibiae and tarsi, second joint of middle and hind trochanters, apices of their femora, middle tibial and tarsi and the hind tibiae, except at apex. lyS ASHMEAD rufo-testaceous. Metathorax with the areola hexagonal, a little wider than long. Abdomen black, with the second segment at base and the second suture usually testaceous. The antennae are 20-jointed, incrassated toward apex, black, with the pedicel, and first joint of the flagellum, testaceous ; the first joint of the flagellum is about two-thirds the length of the second, the third only a little shorter than the second, joints 7 and 8 a little wider than long, the following to the last a little longer than thick, the last joint being oblong. Male. — Length 3.5 to 3.8 mm. Resembles B. nigricornis and agrees with it closely, except slightly in color and in two or three slight structural characters : The antennae are 24-jointed, a little slenderer, with the first joint of the flagellum a little longer than the second : the palpi and tegulae are yellowish-white ; the legs are black, with the second joint of trochanters, the femora at apex (the front pair very broadly), the tibiae, except the hind pair at apex, and the tarsi, except the posterior, rufo-testaceous ; apices of hind tibiae and their tarsi black or fuscous ; while the abdomen is black with the first suture and the margins of the segments surrounding it, and the apex of the second segment, testaceous. lype.—QdX. No. 5584, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS SIMULANS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5 mm. Polished black ; mandibles and legs, except the middle coxeb basally, the hind coxje, first joint of trochanters, anterior and middle femora basally, the hind femora, apices of their tibiae and their tarsi, which are black, rufo-testaceous ; face below antennse punctate, the clypeus well separated with some sparse punc- tures ; palpi and tegulae yellowish-white. Antennae 20-jointed. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins, except the median and submedian veins basally which are yellowish, brown-black ; the areolet is irregularly pentagonal, the recurrent nervure joining it beyond the middle. Abdomen black, with the apex of the petiole and the lateral membra- nous part and the second suture testaceous. 7>/e.— Cat. No. 5585, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS RUBROCINCTA sp. nov. Female. — Length 4.5 mm. ; ovipositor only two-thirds the length of the petiole. Polished black, the face below the antenna closely HYMENOPTERA 1 79 punctate ; palpi subfuscous ; mandibles and legs mostly rufo-testaceous, a blotch on first joint of trochanters and front and middle femora basally, fuscous, the hind femora, except at apex, their tibiae at apex and their tarsi black ; teguls yellowish-white. Antennae 20-jointed, black, the pedicel testaceous at apex ; flagellum imperceptibly thick- ened towards apex, the first joint obconical, less than two-thirds the length of the second, the third joint, if anything, very slightly longer than the second or fully as long, joints 4 and 5 a little longer than thick, 6 to last a little wider than long, the last fusiform, longer than thick at base. The metathorax is completely areolated, the areola hexagonal. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet receiving the second recurrent nervure beyond its middle. Abdomen oblong-oval, with the petiole rather long, segments 2 and 3 more or less dark rufous, sometimes obfuscated or dusky across the middle, or with only the sutures and basis of segments testaceous ; body of ab- domen smooth and highly polished, the petiole finely shagreened. Male. — Length 4 mm. Black, with the legs colored as in female, the abdomen with the third segment more or less dark rufous, some- times wholly rufous, the second suture testaceous. Antennae 24- jointed, the first and second joints of the flagellum equal or very nearly, about twice as long as thick. Type. — Cat. No. 5586, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16; St. Paul Island, August (Fur Seal Commission), BATHYMETIS SIMILLIMA sp. nov. (PI. X, fig. I.) Female. — Length 2.5 to 3 mm. Polished black and colored as in P. simulans but distinguished by the antennae, which are 19-jointed, not 20-jointed. The flagellum is obscure rufous basally, the first joint two-thirds the length of the second, the third joint scarcely shorter than the second, joints 5 to 10 not longer than thick. The abdomen is most frequently entirely black, although sometimes one or two of the sutures, and the surrounding surface, or the apices of one or two of the segments are testaceous ; the petiole is coriaceous or finely shagreened beyond to the spiracles ; the following segments are highly polished. Male. — Length 3.2 to 4.5 mm. Agrees fairly well with two or three of the other males described here, but for the following differences : The antennae are 23 -jointed, black, with the scape beneath and an annulus at base of the fiagellum testaceous, the first three joints of the l8o ASHMEAD flagellum subequal, the first slightly longer than the second, all the joints delicately fluted ; mandibles rufous ; palpi and teguljE yellowish ; legs very variable in color, black and rufo-testaceous, most frequently with coxae, base of front and middle femora and the hind femora black, the tips of hind tibise and their tarsi fuscous. Abdomen also variable in color, entirely black, or with one or more of the sutures rufo-testa- ceous, or with one or more of the segments testaceous or blotched with testaceous. Type. — Cat. No. 55S7, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land, August; Unga, July 21 (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS CONFUSA sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.8 mm. Polished black, the face below the an- tennse sparsely punctate ; palpi fuscous ; mandibles, sutures of tro- chanters, tips of femora, the anterior and middle tibiae and tarsi, ex- cept last joint, and the hind tibiae, except at apex, rufo-testaceous. Head subquadrate, the temples broader than the eyes. Antenna i8-jointed, the flagellum very slightly and gradually thickened towards apex, the first and third joints of the flagellum of an equal length, a little shorter than the second, joints 7 to 9 quadrate, not longer than wide, the following to the last a little longer than wide, the last joint oblong, nearly twice as long as the penultimate. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown-black, the tegulae piceous, the epitegulae and submedian vein pale yellowish. Abdomen oblong, polished black, one-third longer than the head and thorax united, the ovipositor not longer than the petiole, the latter finely coriaceous to its apical third. Male. — Length 4 to 4.5 mm. Differs in having 22-jointed antennae, the first and second flagellar joints equal, a little longer than the third ; tegulae pale yellowish ; legs ferruginous with the coxae and the hind legs, except the basal two-thirds of the tibiae, black, the front coxae ferruginous at apex, while the front and middle femora are more or less black or fuscous basally. Abdomen black with the third dorsal segment more or less red, or the second at apex and the third at base are red. Type.— Cat. No. 558a, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS UNG^ sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 to 4.5 mm. Polished black, the face distinctly punctate, the fovea at base of scutellum with striae at bottom, the met- HYMENOPTERA l8l anotum finely wrinkled ; mandibles and tegulse dark rufo-piceous ; palpi fuscous ; sutures of trochanters, the anterior tibise entirely, the middle tibia, except at apex and the hind tibial beneath, rufo-testa- ceous ; hind tibias outwardly or above, and all tarsi, black or fuscous. Head quadrate. Antennae 21 -jointed, the first joint of the flagellum the longest joint, as long as the third and fourth joints united, the sec- ond a little shorter than the first, but one-half longer than the third. Wings subfuscous, the stigma and veins brown-black, the outer vein of the areolet slender and pellucid. Abdomen elongate, polished and shining, except the petiole, which is subopaque, coriaceous, with some irregular, short aciculations. Type. — Cat. No. 5589, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Unga, July 21 (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS QUADRICEPS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.5 mm. Polished black, the face below the antennae finely, closely punctate ; palpi fuscous ; a narrow annulus at base of first joint of flagellum, mandibles, sutures of trochanters, knees, ante- rior and middle tibise, and more or less of their tarsi rufo-testaceous ; teguljE rufo-piceous ; epitegulas and submedian vein yellowish-white. Antennae 20-jointed, joints 3 and 4 equal, a little longer than the fifth, joints 13 to 19 distinctly longer than thick, the last joint conical. Scutellum with a smooth furrow across the base. Metathorax feebly wrinkled but shining, and completely areolated, the areola hexagonal, much wider than long. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet pentagonal, receiving the second recurrent nervure at its middle. Abdomen clavate, smooth and shining, except the petiole, which is feebly alutaceous, with the spiracles somewhat prominent. Type. — Cat. No. 5590, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 7 ; St. Paul Island, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS SIMULATOR sp. nov. Male. — Length 4.5 mm. Agrees very closely with B. quadriceps in color and in having 20-jointed antennae, but may be separated readily by the following differences : The palpi are pale yellowish, not fuscous; antennal joints 13 to 19 are not, or scarcely, longer than thick ; the transverse furrow at base of the scutellum is finely striate at the bottom ; the metanotum is more coarsely wrinkled, with the areola longer than wide ; the stigma and veins are darker brown, almost black, the areolet receiving the second recurrent Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May, 1902. l82 ASHMEAD nervure a little beyond the middle ; while the petiole of the abdomen is stouter, finely coriaceous, except at apex, with the spiracles normal. Type. — Cat. No. 5591, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). BATHYMETIS BICOLOR sp. nov. Female. — Length 5 to 5.5 mm. Head, thorax, antennae, coxae, first joint of trochanters, and basal segment of abdomen, except some- times apically, are black ; rest of legs and abdomen red, sometimes the basal two or three joints of the antennae are more or less ferrugi- nous. The head is transverse, the temples rounded. The antennae are 20-jointed, the flagellum being thickened towards apex, the first joint of same being the longest joint, about twice as long as thick at apex, the following joints to the 5th gradually shortening, joint 6 and those beyond being a little wider than long, the last oblong. Wings oblong, the stigma and veins brown, the epiteguls yellowish-white, the areolet receiving the second recurrent nervure at or very near its middle. Male. — Length 5.5 to 6 mm. Agrees well with the female in color except that the apex of the fourth abdominal segment and the fol- lowing segments are black, while the antennae are longer, filiform, 24- jointed, the third joint only a little longer than the fourth, the follow- ing joints to the last very gradually and slightly shortening, but none wider than long. Type. — Cat. No. 5592, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Berg Bay, June 10. Genus Plectocryptus Thomson. Two species taken in Alaska belong in this genus ; they may be sep- arated as follows : I . Ferruginous, with sutures of thorax black. Antennae less than 26-jointed 2 Antennae 26-jointed. Flagellum black, joints 6 to 12 jellowish-white, the second and third joints about equal in length, not much longer than thick at apex, shorter than the first P. yakutatensis. 2. Antennae 24-jointed, brownish-yellow to joint 14 or 15, bejond fuscous or black ; flagellar joints 2 and 3 equal, scarcely longer than thick and shorter than the first P. popofensis. HYMENOPTERA 183 PLECTOCRYPTUS YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. (PI. IX, fig. 6.) Female. — Length 7 mm. ; ovipositor as long as the first two joints of hind tarsi. Ferruginous, with the sutures of the thorax and the an- tennae toward apex black. Antennae 26-jointed, incrassated, the ped- icel and joints i to 5 or 6 of flagellum fuscous, joints 14 and beyond black ; the first joint of the flagellum is about twice as long as thick, the second and those beyond to the fifth shortening, those beyond to the last broadening and all wider than long. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the costge and basal veins blackish, the areolet irreg- ularly pentagonal, receiving the second recurrent nervure at its apical third. Metathorax areolated but with the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas confluent, the spiracles elongate. Abdomen with the peti- ole and second segment distinctly punctate, the third segment feebly and indistinctly punctate, the following segments smooth and shining. Type. — Cat. No. 5593, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21 ; Muir Glacier; Sitka (Fur Seal Commission). PLECTOCRYPTUS POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5.^ mm. ; ovipositor a little longer than the basal joint of hind tarsi. Ferruginous, with the sutures of the thoracic sclerites black ; palpi yellowish-white ; antennae fuscous or blackish toward apex. The head is quadrate. The antennje ai'e 24-jointed, stout, strongly incrassated toward apex, the scape large, subglobose, the flagellum involuted, the first joint of same being about twice as long as thick, the following joints to the last, after the third, transverse, the last oblong. The thoi'ax is minutely, sparsely punctate, the meso- pleura from the discal impression posteriorly, being closely punctate ; the metathorax is quadrate, impressed behind and rugulose, the areola large, quadrate, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas confluent. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet rather large, irregularly pentagonal, receiving the second recurrent nervure beyond the middle. The abdomen is hardly longer than the head and thorax united, smooth and polished, except the petiole and the second dorsal segment which are punctate. Type. — Cat. No. 5594, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 8. One specimen. This species in color mimics Ichneutnon popofensis and, but for some slight structural characters, is scarcely distinguishable from it. 184 ASHMEAD Genus Microcryptus Thomson. TABLE OF SPECIES. Black ; all coxae black. Legs ferruginous ; abdomen black, with the apices of dorsal segments 2, 3 and 4 ferruginous. Male M. trifasciatiis. Legs black and ferruginous ; scape beneath, anterior and middle coxse at apex and trochanters pale yellowish ; abdomen black with the second dorsal segment at apex narrowly, the whole of the third and the middle of the fourth dorsal segments ferruginous. ..Af. alaskensis. MICROCRYPTUS TRIFASCIATUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 5.4 mm. Black, coriaceous; palpi fuscous; epi- tegulae yellowish-white ; legs, except coxae and first joint of trochanters and apical margins of dorsal abdominal segments 2, 3 and 4, the latter very narrowly, ferruginous ; the cox^e, first joint of the trochanter and abdomen black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet pentagonal, receiving the recurrent nervure very slightly beyond the middle, the submedian cell a little longer than the median. Type.—Ca.t. No. 5595, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 16 (Fur Seal Commission). MICROCRYPTUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4.6 mm. Black ; scape beneath, palpi, tegulae, epi- tegulse, apices of front and middle coxte, their trochanters and the tibial spurs ivory or yellowish-white; rest of legs, except as noted, ferruginous, the front and middle coxae black or fuscous, the hind legs mostly black, with the second joint of trochanters and the tibiae basally ferruginous ; mandibles and the extreme apex of dorsal abdominal seg- ment 2, the whole of 3 and most of 4, rufous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Metathorax completely areolated. Abdo- men, except the petiole which is aciculate and the second segment which is feebly shagreened, smooth and shining. Type. — Cat. No. 5575, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16. One specimen. Genus Plesiognathus Forster. PLESIOGNATHUS RUBROCINCTUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 mm. Polished black, the face finely punctate and clothed with a sericeous pile ; mandibles and legs, except coxae, first joint of trochanters, front and middle femora basally, hind femora at HYMENOPTERA 185 basal two thirds, apex of hind tibiae and their tarsi, which are black or fuscous, pale ferruginous ; palpi and tegulse yellowish-white ; abdomen, except sutures 3 and 3 and most of second segment which are red, black. The head is quadrate, the temples broad. Antennae 23- jointed, black, except a pale annulus at base of third joint, the third and fourth joints about equal in length or very nearly, about thrice as long as thick, the following joints to the last very gradually shorten- ing, the penultimate being only a little longer than thick, the last fusi- form, about as long as the two preceding united. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet pentagonal, receiving the second recurrent nervure very near its middle or only a little beyond it, the submedian cell a little longer than the median. The metathorax is finely wrinkled and completely areolated with the areola pentagonal, longer than wide. Abdomen elongate, smooth and polished, except the petiole which is finely coriaceous, with some irregular longitudinal raised lines and with two delicate dorsal carinae that become obsolete beyond the spiracles just before attaining the apex of the segment. Type. — Cat. No. 4042, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Pribilof Islands (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Hedylus Forster. HEDYLUS CRASSICORNIS Ashmead. Hedylus crassicomis Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Isl., Pt. iv, p. 339, ?, 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 4043, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Bering Island (Mr. Barrett-Hamilton) . HEDYLUS sp. Belkofski. One badly broken female specimen, not in a condition for describing. Genus Bachia Forster. BACHIA NIGRA Ashmead. Bachia nigra Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Isl., Pt. iv, p. 340, 9, 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 4044, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission) ; Bering Island, July, 1897 (Mr. Bar- rett-Hamilton). l86 ASHMEAD Tribe HEMITELINI. Genus Spinolia Forster. SPINOLIA MINUTA sp. nov. Female. — Length 3 mm. Polished black ; legs, except hind coxae, ferruginous, the hind femora faintly dusky above. Antennae 20- jointed, slightly thickened toward apex, the scape black, the pedicel yellow, the flagellum brown-black, the first joint being the longest joint. Wings hyaline, narrowed and somewhat abbreviated, the stigma and veins pale yellowish, the areolet entirely absent, the first abscissa of the radius oblique and interstitial with the second recurrent nervure, and having the same direction, the second abscissa of the radius being strongly curved upwards ; the third discoidal cell is very narrow at base. Type. — Cat. No. 5996, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. Genus Acrolyta Forster, ACROLYTA KARLUKENSIS sp. nov. Fejnale. — Length 2.5 mm. Ovipositor not longer than the petiole. Polished black ; basal half, or more, of the second dorsal abdominal segment and sometimes the base of the third narrowly at the middle, red ; petiole longitudinally aciculated ; mandibles and legs pale yel- lowish, the coxae, femoi'a and hind tibiae fuscous or brownish. Antennae 20-jointed, black, the third joint long, cylindrical, about six times as long as thick, with a pale annulus at base, but only a little longer than the fourth. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5597, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Karluk (Fur Seal Commission) . One specimen. ACROLYTA ACICULATA sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.5 mm. Polished black, the clypeus rugosely punctate, the face above alutaceous ; mandibles, sutures of trochanters, apices of the femora and the anterior and middle femora beneath, their tibia?, except the hind pair at apex and tarsi, except middle and hind pairs, rufo-testaceous ; tips of hind tibiae and hind tarsi more or less fuscous or subfuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins reddish-brown, the areolet more or less partly open behind. Antennae 24-jointed, the first joint of the flagellum about one third longer than the second, with a pale annulus at extreme base. Abdomen clavate. HYMENOPTERA 187 smooth and shining, except the petiole which is almost as long as segments 3 and 3 united, and longitudinally striate or aciculate. Type. — Cat. No. 55S3, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16; St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Thestis Forster. THESTIS TRICINCTA sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.5 mm. ; ovipositor about half the length of the abdomen. Polished black, except the petiole and second segment of the abdomen which are opaque and coriaceous ; the abdominal seg- ments 2 and 3 at apex are yellow, while the extreme apex of the fourth segment has a testaceous tinge ; clypeus, mandibles, palpi, tegulae and the anterior and middle coxae and trochanters are yellowish-white ; rest of legs, except the front pair and the hind pair in part, ferru- ginous, the front legs yellowish, the hind coxae and femora black, their tarsi fuscous ; flagellum brown, yellowish beneath near base. Eyes very large, convergent below and leaving no malar space. Thorax with the parapsidal furrows distinct, converging and uniting a little beyond the middle of the mesonotum. Metathorax constricted at base, completely and strongly areolated. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5598, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 8; Unga, July 7. This is one of the genera placed by Forster in this group ; I think it should be removed to the tribe Plectiscini. It seems to fall in naturally between Symphylus and Eusterinx. Genus Aclastus Forster. ACLASTUS RUFIPES sp. nov. Fe?nale. — Length 3.2 mm. ; ovipositor shorter than the petiole. Polished black : palpi fuscous ; legs, except hind coxa, ferruginous, the tibial spurs and tarsi paler, the hind coxse black. Antennje 21- jointed, brown-black, the pedicel yellowish, the first joint of the flagellum more than thrice longer than thick, longer than the second. Metathorax short, wrinkled and completely areolated, the areola hexag- onal, wider than long, the petiolar area very long. Abdomen broadly oval, smooth and polished, except the petiole which is longitudinally striate. Type. — Cat. No. 5999, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 16 (Fur Seal Commission). l88 ASHMEAD Genus Habromma Forster. HABROMMA NIGRUM sp. nov. Male. — Length 3 mm. Polished black ; apices of front femora and their tibiae and tarsi yellowish ; middle tibiae and tarsi and hind tibiae obscure ferruginous, the tips of the hind tibijE and their tarsi fuscous. Antennae 20-jointed, the third joint the longest, fully thrice as long as thick, a little longer than the fourth. Eyes faintly hairy. Thorax with the parapsidal furrows distinct anteriorly, obsolete at the middle, the metathorax wrinkled, completely areolated except that the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas are confluent Abdomen clavate. highly polished, except that the petiole is wrinkled and carinate, nearly of a uniform thickness throughout, only a little narrower before the spiracles, the dorsal carina parallel and extending clear to the apex. Type. — Cat. No. 5600, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Algina Forster. ALGINA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 4 mm. ; ovipositor half the length of the abdomen. Polished black, except the metathorax and the first and second dorsal segments of the abdomen which are finely coriaceous ; sutures of tro- chanters, knees, tibiae and tarsi testaceous, the hind tarsi and tibiae toward apex fuscous. Head large, quadrate. Antennae 21 -jointed, fuscous toward apex, blackish toward base, the apices of joints 2 to 5 narrowly testaceous. Metathorax squarely truncate posteriorly, the metanotum completely areolated, the petiolar area confluent with the apical middle area. Petiole of abdomen stout, at apex nearly as wide as long. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except a spot at base, and the veins brown ; spot at base of stigma, tegulae and epiteguls yellowish- white. Type. — Cat. No. 5601, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. Genus ^noplex Forster. ^NOPLEX RUFIPES sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 mm. Rather robust, black and shining, although sparsely and distinctly punctate, the face below the antennae opaque, closely confluently punctate, the pronotal depressions lineate, the meso- pleura rugulose, the metathorax very coarsely rugulose and deeply exca- HYMENOPTERA 1 89 vated posteriorly, the clypeus shining with some sparse punctures ; palpi yellowish-white ; scape beneath, a spot on mandibles, and the front and middle trochanters yellowish ; coxae black ; front and middle legs red- dish-yellow, the hind legs red, their tarsi fuscous. Antennte 26-jointed, the third joint the longest, distinctly longer than the fourth and a little more than thrice as long as thick. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins dark brown. Abdomen black, with the apex of the second dorsal segment, the third segment entirely and a tinge at base of fourth, red ; the petiole is stout, shagreened and cari- nate, the lateral and dorsal carinas extending to apex ; the apex with some longitudinal striae between the dorsal carinae ; the second seg- ment is coriaceous except at the apical third or fourth, the apical third or fourth of the second segment and the following segments smooth and polished. Type. — Cat. No. 5602, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 20. One specimen. Genus Philonygus Forster. PHILONYGUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.6 mm. Elongate, shining black; face below the antennae finely punctate, above and the cheeks and temples polished, impunctate ; palpi, except the two apical joints, tegulae and sutures of trochanters, yellowish-white ; a spot on mandibles, the knees and the front and middle femora beyieath^ testaceous. Antennae 22-jointed, as long as the body, the third and fourth joints the longest, and of an equal length, although only a little longer than the fifth. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown-black. The parapsidal furrows are indicated anteriorly by punctate lines. The metathorax is finely wrinkled but shining and completely areolated. Abdomen elongate, clavate, the petiole and the second segment opaque, coriaceous, the third segment feebly coriaceous but shining, the follow- ing smooth or nearly so and shining. Type. — Cat. No. 5603, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July II. PHILONYGUS GLACIALIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6.5 mm. Polished black ; palpi fuscous ; mandibles and tegulae black ; apical half or more of front and middle femora, and their tibiae, ferruginous. Antennae 23-jointed, black, shorter than the body. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins dark-brown. The ipo ASHMEAD parapsidal furrows are distinct to beyond the middle of the mesonotum, while the metathorax is shining and completely areolated. Type. — Cat. No. 5745, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Lowe Inlet, June 3. Genus Ilapinastes Forster. ILAPINASTES INCERTUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.5 mm. Polished black, the face closely punctate, palpi yellowish with two or three of the joints dusky medially ; teg- ulae, sutures of the trochanters, front and middle knees and their tibiae beneath and the tibial spurs, yellowish ; rest of legs black or fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the stigma with a whitish spot at base. Abdomen black, with the third segment at its extreme apex and a narrow band at base, testaceous ; the petiole is punctate, the second segment coriaceous, the following smooth and impunctate, except that the third segment exhibits, under a strong lens, a feeble punctuation towards its base. Type. — Cat. No. 5604, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July II. Genus Isochresta Forster. ISOCHRESTA UNICINCTA sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.6 mm. Polished black, the face faintly punctate just beneath the insertion of the antennae and sericeous ; sutures of trochanters, apices of femora, all tibiae and the front and middle tarsi, yellowish ; the apex of the hind tibiae is subfuscous, their tarsi fuscous. The abdomen except the third segment is black, the third segment having a testaceous band across the base ; the petiole is coriaceous and bicarinate to beyond the spiracles. AnteniiEe 30-jointed, with the third joint a little longer than the fourth. Metathorax finely rugulose and completely areolated. Type. — Cat. No. 5605, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 16 (Fur Seal Commission). Tribe PEZOMACHINI. Genus Thaumatotypus Forster. THAUMATOTYPUS ALASKENSIS (Ashmead). Cremnodes alaskensis Ashmead, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiii, p. 211, 9i 1896. Type. — Cat. No. 3717, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Wrangell (Professor H. F. Wickham). HYMENOPTERA I9I Genus Theroscopus Forster. Three of the Alaskan pezomachines fall in this genus and may be tabulated as follows : TABLE OF SPECIES. I . Winged 3 . Wingless 3 . 2. Black; legs, including coxje, red. Female T. ruffes. Ferruginous, the head alone black. Female T. ktikakensis. 3. Body, except a reddish tinge at apex of second abdominal segment, black; legs honey-vellow, with all coxae, first joint of trochanters and hind femora black, the front and middle femora basally and the apices of hind tibiae and joints of their tarsi, fuscous.' Male. T. popofensis. THEROSCOPUS RUFIPES sp. nov. Fejnale. — Length 3.5 mm. Black, subopaque, coriaceous; pedicel and annulus at base of first joint of flagellum flavo-testaceous ; man- dibles rufo-piceous ; legs, including coxcB, rufo-testaceous. Head large, subquadrate, much wider than the thorax, the temples full, as wide as the eyes. Thorax constricted at the middle, the scu- tellum small but distinct. Wings wanting or at most represented by a white scale. Metathorax obliquely truncate posterioi'ly, without a dis- tinct transverse carina, the latter being represented by a trace only at the upper hind angles of the truncature. The abdomen and antennae are broken in the single specimen and cannot be described in detail. Male. — Length 2.2 mm. Apterous and agrees well with the female, except in its much smaller size and in having the legs paler, more de- cidedly yellowish than rufous. The antennae are i9-jointed, with the flagellum brown. The abdomen is about one third longer than the head and thorax united, black and shining, except the claspers which are large and broad, and dark rufous. Type. — Cat. No. 5606, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 13 (Fur Seal Commission). Two specimens. THEROSCOPUS KUKAKENSIS sp. nov. Fe77iale. — Length 3 mm. ; ovipositor about the length of the petiole. Pale ferruginous, with the head and the sheaths of the ovipositor black ; antennae and legs brownish-yellow ; head and thorax coriaceous, opaque, the abdomen smoother and more shining although feebly coriaceous. 192 ASHMEAD The head is large, transverse, nearly twice the width of the thorax, with the temples rounded, not quite the width of the eyes. The thorax is constricted near the middle, the scutellum being only feebly differ- entiated by a small elevation which is not distinctly separated from the mesonotum. Metathorax rounded off posteriorly and without a trace of the transverse apical carina. Type. — Cat. No. 5607, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. THEROSCOPUS POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4.4 mm. Black, subopaque, coriacous, the abdomen shining with a piceous or rufous tinge at apex of the second segment ; palpi fuscous ; first joint of the flagellum with a yellowish annulus at extreme base ; legs honey-yellow, with the coxae, first joint of tro- chanters and the hind femora black ; tips of hind tibiae, their tarsi, more or less, except at apices of joints and beneath, and the middle and front femora above basally, fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma dark brown but yellowish at base and between the parastigma and stigma, the inter- nal veins brownish, the tegulag and the longitudinal veins at the base of the wings pale yellowish. The antennae are 22- or 23-jointed, not quite the length of the body, the first joint of the flagellum the longest although only a little longer than the second, the joints beyond imper- ceptibly shortening. The metathorax has the pleural and transverse apical carina distinct and there is also a more or less completely defined hexagonal area. 7>/e.— Cat. No. 5608, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. One specimen. Genus Pezomachus Gravenhorst. PEZOMACHUS NIGRELLUS sp. nov. Male and Female. — Length 1.5 to 2 mm. Entirely black and shin- ing although the surface is feebly alutaceously sculptured ; legs black or dark fuscous, with usually the sutures of the trochanters, knees and the front and middle tibiae and tarsi and sometimes the hind tibiae basally, rufo-testaceous, rarely with all the tibia and tarsi rufo-tes- 'taceous. The antennae are as long as or a little longer than the body, in the female iS-jointed, in the male 20-jointed, the first joint of the flagel- lum being slightly the longest and always with a yellowish annulus at the extreme base. Both sexes are apterous. The metathorax is some- HYMENOPTERA I93 what squarely and abruptly truncate posteriorly, the truncature being encircled by a delicate carina. The abdomen in the female is oblong- oval, about thrice the width of the thorax ; above it is highly convex, beneath flat, the ovipositor being short, hardly the length of the petiole, dorsal segments 2 to 4 subequal, the second not or scarcely shorter than the petiole. In the male the abdomen is much narrower, scarcely twice as wide as the thorax, with large broad, dark rufous claspers ; other- wise hardly distinguishable from the female. Type. — Cat. No. 4015, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands (Fur Seal Commission). 81 specimens repre- senting both sexes. FEZOMACHUS OBESUS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.5 mm. Black and shining; mandibles and legs, including coxae, uniformly pale ferruginous or brownish-yellow ; flagel- lum light brown, the pedicel and an annulus at base of first joint, pale yellowish. The head is large, quadrate, shining, the temples full, as wide as the eyes ; antennce 19-jointed, about two thirds the length of the body ; the thorax constricted a little beyond the middle, its anterior lobe being distinctly the longer, the scutellum entirely wanting, the metathorax obliquely truncate posteriorly, the truncature surrounded by a delicate carina, while its disk above has a small central fovea or impression. The abdomen is large, swollen, oblong, oval ; across its widest part it is fully thrice the width of the thorax, dorsal segments 2 and 3 subequal, 4 and 5 shorter ; ovipositor short, not longer than the petiole. Type. — Cat. No. 5609, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). FEZOMACHUS ALASKENSIS Ashmead. Pezomachics alaskensis Ashmead, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xii, p. 421, ?, 1890. Type. — Cat. No. 2052, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Nushagak River (Chas. W. McKay). Tribe CRTPTINI. Genus Cryptoideus Ashmead. CRYPTOIDEUS SITKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 10 mm. ; ovipositor two-thirds the length of the abdomen. Ferruginous with the head and the sutures of the thorax black; antennae blackish toward apex, the first three joints of the 194 ASHMEAD flagellum elongate, the first the longest, about seven times as long as thick. Head closely, rugulosely punctate, the clypeus with a median tooth anteriorly. Thorax smooth and shining but sparsely punctate, the parapsidal furrows distinct anteriorly for more than half the length of the mesonotum ; the metathorax has two transverse carinas and a more or less complete areola, the lateral carinse of same being however very delicate ; spiracles oval but not large. Wings hyaline, with a small but distinct fuscous cloud beneath the stigma ; the disco-cubital vein is broken by a long stump of a vein at its middle ; areolet pentag- onal, narrowed above. The abdomen is longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole being smooth, elbowed at its apical third and with two dorsal carinas that extend a little beyond the spiracles ; dorsal segments finely, closely punctulate or shagreened, the sculpture of seg- ment 5 and beyond being finer and less distinct. Type. — Cat. No. 5610, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16. One specimen. Differs from the type species of Cryptoideus in having the apical transverse carina complete, but agrees otherwise in all essential generic characters. Subfamily PIMPLIN.^. Tribe LISSONOTINI. Genus Himertosoma Schmiedeknecht.^ HIMERTOSOMA SCHMIEDEKNECHTI sp. nov. Male. — Length 4.5 mm. Black ; face below the insertion of the antennae, except a short median line at base, cheeks, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, and the front and middle coxae and trochanters and the second joint of the hind trochanters, yellow or yellowish-white ; rest of front and middle legs fulvous, the hind legs black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brownish-yellow, the venation similar to that in the genus Lajnpro?tota except that the submedian cell is fully as long as the median, or a little longer, the disco-cubital vein being curved, while the transverse median nervure in the hind wings is broken far below the middle. Abdomen polished black, except the petiole which is finely wrinkled and bicarinate, the ventral fold more or less yellowish or whitish.' 'This genus and Bcthrodoca Schmiedeknecht, do not appear in my classifi- cation of the Ichneumon Flies (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxni, 1890) ; they were characterized after it was submitted for publication, vide Zool. Jahrb. Jena, Bd. XIII, 1890, pp. 303, 306. HYMENOPTERA I95 Type. — Cat. No. 5611, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 24. One male specimen. Named in honor of Dr. O. Schmiedeknecht, the distinguished hymenopterologist of Blankenburg, Germany, who has so ably mono- graphed the PimpUnce of the European fauna. Genus Lampronota Haliday. LAMPRONOTA LUGUBRIS Cresson. Lampronoiiis ? /u£-udris CRKSSOys, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 379, $, 1878. — Cressox, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 219, 1887. Cylloceria fuscolina Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 371, (^, 1897. Type in Collection of the American Entomological Society. From Popof Island, July 10; Unalaska, August 24. Three male specimens. Originally described by Cresson from a single female collected at Lake Quesnel, British Columbia. The male was described as Cyllo- ceria fuscolina by Davis in 1897. It resembles the male of Latnpro- nota occidentalis Cresson, but is at once separated by having all the coxse black, the first joint of the trochanters being dusky above, while the hind tibiae and tarsi are entirely black. Genus Phytodietus Gravenhorst. Two species belonging to this genus have been found in Alaska and may be tabulated as follows : TABLE OF SPECIES. Black ; extreme apices of dorsal segments 3 to 6 more or less white. Clypeus yellow, the face above black; all coxje, except the apices of front and middle pairs which are whitish, black P. clypearius. Clypeus and the face lemon-yellow ; front and middle coxae and tro- * chanters white, the hind legs, except the second joint of the trochan- ters, black P.Jtavifrons. PHYTODIETUS CLYPEARIUS sp. nov. Male and Female. — Length 5.5 mm. Polished black, the face coriaceous; clypeus, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, the extreme tips of dorsal abdominal segments 3 to 6, or the sutures, the tips of front tibiffi and more or less of the apices of the front and middle coxae, yellow or yellowish-white ; rest of legs, except coxae, basal joint of hind trochanters, extreme apex of their femora and their tibijE and tarsi which are black, fulvous, the middle tibiae above ?ix\fS. their tarsi usually 196 ASHMEAD fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown, the areolet rather long, oblique, while the submedian cell is distinctly longer than the median. Abdomen polished black, subcompressed at apex, the petiole with two abbreviated carinae at basal third, the ovipositor about the length of the abdomen. Type. — Cat. No. 5612, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. PHYTODIETUS FLAVIFRONS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 mm. Polished black ; a dot on vertex above each eye, the face below the antennae, the cheeks and the mandibles, lemon- yellow ; palpi, scape and pedicel beneath., tegulae, a spot beneath, a spot on prosternum anteriorly, front and middle coxse and trochanters, tibial spurs and second joint of hind trochanters, yellowish-white ; rest of legs, except the hind pair, fulvous, hind legs black, their femora mostly red, with sometimes the extreme base and apex subfuscous ; otherwise in venation and structural characters as in P. clypearius. One specimen has the hind femora wholly rufous. Type. — Cat. No. 5613, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21 ; Orca, June 24. Genus Trevoria Ashmead. TREVORIA YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. (PL X, fig. 3.) Male. — Length 8 mm. Black; clypeus ferruginous, distinctly sep- arated from the face ; the legs, except the coxae and trochanters, the hind tibiae and tarsi and the middle tarsi which are black, are red. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet pentagonal, closed by a hyaline vein, receiving the second recurrent nervure beyond its middle, the submedian cell distinctly longer than the middle, while the transverse median nervure in the hind wings is broken far below the middle, very near its basal fourth. The head is transverse, opa- que, coriaceous or finely, closely punctate. Metathorax finely rugu- lose, with two delicate, median carinje at base above ; the pleural carinae are distinct. Abdomen elongate, sessile, twice longer than the thorax, depressed, finely, evenly shagreened, the sculpture smoother or less evident, on segment five and beyond, usually with a glabrous space at apex of segments. Claws simple, not pectinate. Type. — Cat. No. 5614, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. One specimen. HYMENOPTERA I97 Genus Lissonota Gravenhorst. LISSONOTA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Fe?nale. — Length 7.5 mm. Black, coriaceous; apex of second dorsal abdominal segment, base of third, and the legs, except coxae, basal joint of trochanters and the hind tarsi, red. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet oblique, petiolate, the disco-cubital nervure curved but show^ing a faint trace of a stump of a vein at its basal third (so small as to be easily overlooked), the submedian cell a little longer than the median, while the transverse median nervure in the hind wings is not quite straight, very obtusely angularly broken a little below the middle. Type. — Cat. No. 5614, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. LISSONOTA RUFICOXIS Schmiedeknecht. Lissonota sulferifera Gravenhorst, var. ruficoxis Schmiedeknecht, Zool. Jahrb. Jena, xiii, p. 360, 1900. Kukak Bay, July 4. One female specimen. The single specimen taken, so far as the description goes, agrees per- fectly, in size and color, with the brief description of this European species as given by Dr. Schmiedeknecht, who defined it as a varieiy of the European species Lissonotiis sulferifera Gravenhorst. I have no European specimens of this variety for comparison, but if our speci- men is identical with Schmiedeknecht's then I cannot agree with him in considering it a variety of L. sulferifera.^ since in comparison with European specimens of this species, besides a difference in the color of the legs, I find a difference in venation, and it should be considered a distinct species. The venation of the front wings is exactly as in L. rifnaior Thomson, and it is much closer related to that species than to L. sulferifera. * Genus Pimplopterus Ashmead. PIMPLOPTERUS YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 6 mm. Black opaque, coriaceous , clypeus yel- lowish and distinctly separated from the face ; legs, except the coxae, basal joint of trochanters and hind tibiae and tarsi red. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet oblique but sessile, receiving the second recurrent nervure beyond the middle, the submedian cell Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May, 1902. 1^8 ASHMEAD distinctly longer than the median, the disco-cubital nervure strongly curved, the transverse median nervure in the hind wings broken far below the middle, at or near the basal fourth. The metathorax has the apical transverse carina alone distinct, the pleural carinee being absent, while the spiracles are small, short oval. The abdomen is ses- sile, distinctly finely shagreened, the first segment longer than the second, without dorsal caringe bvit with a median depression at the ex- treme base ; the second and third segments are about equal in length but the third is slightly the wider ; the fourth and fifth segments are very unequal in length, much shorter than the third, the fifth being only about one third the length of the second ; the sixth segment is scarcely visible ; ovipositor longer than the abdomen. Type.— Cat. No. 5616, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. One specimen. PIMPLOPTERUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. (PI. X, fig. 6.) Female. — Length 8 mm. Head and thorax, except the clypeus and the mesonotum, and the abdomen, except the apex of the first segment and segments 2 to 4, black ; clypeus, mesonotum, apex of first ab- domimal segment and dorsal segments 2 to 4, rufous ; legs, except the hind trochanters, hind tibias and hind tarsi, ferruginous. Wings sub- hyaline with the venation as in P. yakictatensis. Ovipositor longer than the whole body. Type. — Cat. No. 5717, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 20. One specimen. Genus Harrimaniella Ashmead. HarrimanicUa Ashmead, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxiii, p. 52, 1900. Named in honor of Mr. Edward Henry Harriman, of New York, originator of the Harriman Expedition, and based on the species char- acterized below. HARRIMANIELLA KUKAKENSIS sp. nov. (PI. X, fig. 2.) Male. — Length 6.5 mm. Black, closely punctate; a dot at summit of each eye, the face except a median black stripe, the clypeus, cheeks, mandibles, except teeth, palpi, a broad line along the lateral margins of the mesonotum, tegulse, a dot in front and beneath them, a dot above the insertion of the hind coxas, the front and middle coxae and tro- chanters yellow or yellowish-white ; rest of legs, except the hind HYMENOPTERA I99 tibiae and tarsi, pale reddish, the hind tibiae and tarsi black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet oblique, petiolate, receiving the second recurrent nervure beyond the middle, the latter being slightly angulated above the middle, the submedian cell distinctly longer than the median, the disco-cubital nervure strongly curved, while the transverse median nervure in the hind wings is broken below the middle at about its basal third. The metathorax has two delicate parallel carina down its center which unite with the transverse apical carina, the pleural carinas absent, the spiracles small, rounded. The abdomen is normal, finely shagreened, except the apices of the seg- ments which are smooth and glabrous. Type.—QdX. No. 561S, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. Genus Echthrodoca Schmiedeknecht. ECHTHRODOCA GELIDA (Cresson). Lampronota gelida Cresson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 377, ^, 1878. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 219, 1887. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Juneau, July 25 ; Seldovia, July 25. Occurs also in British Columbia. ECHTHRODOCA CLYPEARIA sp. nov. Male. — Length 1 1 mm. Black, with the head and thorax closely punctate, the first segment of abdomen sparsely punctate, except at apex, the second and following segments smooth, but under a strong lens show a fine coriaceous sculpture ; clypeus, apex of second dorsal abdominal segment, the third wholly, except two spots, and sometimes a faint spot on the fourth laterally, yellowish ; legs except coxae and first joint of trochanters pale reddish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brownish-yellow, the venation otherwise as in E. gelida Cresson. Type. — Cat. No. 5619, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Seldovia, July 21. One specimen. Tribe PIMPLINI. Genus Rhyssa Holmgren. RHYSSA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 17 mm. Black; front orbits to summit of eyes, a line on upper margin of pronotum, interrupted anteriorly at the middle, a line on the lower margin, or sides, just above front coxae, a 200 ASHMEAD spot beneath the tegulae, an angulate line at apical angles of first dorsal abdominal segment, a transverse oblong spot at the apex of segments 2 to 5 and a line below it at the lateral apical angles, and a line at the apex of the sixth segment, white ; the legs, except the coxae, basal joint of hind trochanters and the hind tibias and tarsi, which are black, are red; sculpture and venation as in Rhyssa persuasoria Linn6. Type, — Cat. No. 5620, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Fox Point, July 28. One specimen. Comes nearest apparently to R. alboitiaculata Cresson but is quite distinct in color of legs and in shape of the areolet in front wings. Genus Pimpla Fabricius. PIMPLA YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 to 7 mm. Polished black, the face below the antennae distinctly, closely punctate, the metathorax sparsely punctate without carinae, the abdomen closely punctate, with dorsal segments 3 to 5 slightly tumid and smoother at their apices. The legs, except the hind tibiae and tarsi, are red, the hind tibiae and tarsi black or fuscous, the tibiae with a yellowish or whitish annulus before the middle, some- times incomplete or interrupted with black beneath, represented by a whitish spot on outer face. Wings hyaline, the stigma and viens brown, the areolet sessile, subrhomboidal, wdiile the disco-cubital vein has usually only a faint trace of a stump of a vein beyond its middle, rarely distinct. Type. — Cat. No. 5621, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. Five specimens. Genus Epiurus Forster. In this genus fall two species, which may be separated as follows : Black. Hind coxae and legs red 2. All coxae and the first joint of trochanters black. Legs, except as noted, red, the hind tibiae and tarsi black oi- fuscous, the hind tibiae with an annulus at base and a spot on outer face near the middle pale yellowish or whitish, the basal joint of their tarsi sometimes white at base E. atrocoxalis. 2. Legs, except the front and middle coxae and the first joint of tro- chanters which are black, red ; labial palpi fuscous ; maxillary palpi pale yellowish E. bicoloripes. HYMENOPTERA 20I EPIURUS ATROCOXALIS sp. nov. Female, — Length 5.5 mm. Polished black, except the abdomen which is distinctly punctate, the first segment bicarinate for two thirds its length; legs except the coxae, first joint of trochanters and the hind tibias and tarsi, red, the coxie, hind tibi« and tarsi black, the hind tibite with an annulus at base and a spot outwardly near the middle, or an annulus, white or yellowish-white, the basal joint of hind tarsi at base, and sometimes the second joint at base, whitish, wings hyaline, the areolet long, oblique, receiving the second recurrent nervure at its apex. Male. — Length 5 mm. Agrees well with the female except that the hind tibias and tarsi are entirely black. Type. — Cat. No. 5622, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12; Seldovia, July 21. EPIURUS BICOLORIPES sp. nov. Female. — Length 6.5 mm. Resembles E. atrocoxalis in sculpture but is readily separated by its larger size and by the color of the legs ; the legs, except the front and middle coxje and first joint of the tro- chanters are red, the front and middle coxae and first joint of trochanters are black ; labial palpi fuscous ; maxillary palpi, tegulae and epitegulae yellowish-white, while the metanotum has two parallel dorsal carin^e. Type. — Cat. No. 5623, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Berg Bay, July 10. One specimen. Genus Glypta Gravenhorst. GLYPTA KUKAKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 6.5 mm. Black with the head and thorax dis- tinctly closely punctate, the dorsal segments 2 to 4 with oblique fur- rows ; legs, including coxae, red, the apices of hind tibiae and their tarsi fuscous. Wings subhyaline, the stigma and veins brownish-yellow, the areolet open behind, the transverse cubitus about as long as the first abscissa of the radius. Metathorax above bicarinate, the carinae divergent posteriorly. Type. — Cat. No. 5624, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. GLYPTA POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 9 mm. Agrees very closely with G. kukakensis in sculpture and wing characteristics but differs in having the hind 202 ASHMEAD tibiae and tarsi fuscous, the tibiae having a long whitish stripe pos- teriorly, or on the outer face, the first and second joints of hind tarsi having a vs^hitish annulus at base, while the clypeus and the mandibles are red. Male. — Length 6 mm. Differs from female in having the clypeus black, the hind tibiae red, except an annulus toward base and the apices which are black, while their extreme base is w^hitish. Type. — Cat. No. 5625, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 12. Two specimens. Tribe XORIDINI. Genus Holcostizus Forster. HOLCOSTIZUS YUKONENSIS (Ashmead). Pijnpla yukonensis Ashmead, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xii, p. 445, $, 1890. Type. — Cat. No. 2106, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Fort Yukon (L. M. Turner). Genus Odontomerus Gravenhorst. ODONTOMERUS MELLIPES (Say). Anomalon mellipes Say, Maclurian Lye. Arts & Sci., i, p. 74, $, 1828. — Leconte, Ed. Say, 11, p. 378, 1859. Odontomerus mellipes Walsh, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., iii, p. 164, ^^, 1873. — Provancher, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 490, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 220, 1887. — Ashmead, in Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 575. 1900. From Sitka, August. Widely distributed throughout North America from Florida to Canada, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Genus Cubocephalus Ratzeburg. Three species fall in this genus, as defined by the writer in his Clas- sification of the Ichneumon Flies, although there is some doubt as to its being the Cubocephalus of Ratzeburg, since it was identified from description alone and I have not been able to confirm it by a study of typical European specimens. TABLE OF SPECIES. Black species. All coxae rufous 2. All coxae black. Legs red, with the hind tibise and all tarsi black or fuscous, sometimes with the extreme apices of the joints of the first and middle tarsi testaceous; mandibles, except teeth, red C. atrocoxalis. HYMENOPTERA 203 2. Legs rufous with the hind tibiae and tarsi black, the middle tarsi fus- cous, the apices of joints i to 4 yellowish ; cljpeus with the an- terior margin testaceous; mandibles rufo-piceous with a large jel- lowish-white spot at base C. alaskeftsis. Legs rufous, with the hind femora toward apex and their tibiae and tarsi black, the apex of the middle tibije and tarsi subfuscous ; cljpeus wholly black; mandibles yellowish-white with black teeth. C. nigricorms {^:^ JSc/ithrus nigricornis Provancher, part). CUBOCEPHALUS ATROCOXALIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 8 to 10 mm. ; ovipositor about two thirds the length of the abdomen. Black, very finely, closely punctate ; man- dibles, except teeth, and legs, except coxse, hind tibise and tarsi red ; palpi yellov^^ish ; tegulse, epitegulae and apices of ventral segments I to 3 yellowish-white. Wings subhyaline, the stigma and veins black, the areolet oblique, rhomboidal. Claws pectinate. Metathoracic areola partly formed but confluent with the petiolar area. Type.— Cat. No. 5626, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Alaska (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). Exact locality unknown. Easton, Washington (Albert Koebele) . CUBOCEPHALUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. JFeffia/e. — Length 7-8 mm. Agrees well with C. atrocoxalis., ex- cept that all the coxce are red, the hind tibiae and tarsi black, the middle tarsi more or less fuscous with the tips of the joints yellowish, the anterior margin of the clypeus and scape at apex narrowly, are testaceous ; wings clear hyaline ; while the four apical segments of the abdomen are almost smooth, shining. Type. — Cat. No. 5627, U. S. Nat. Museum. Alaska. CUBOCEPHALUS NIGRICORNIS sp. nov. Echthriis nigricomis Provancher {partim), Faun. ent. du Can., il, p. 803, $ {}tec. (J', p. 486), 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 221 (part), 1887. Cryptiis or Phygadawji species Davis, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 190 (part), 1894. Female. — Length 7.5 to 8 mm. Agrees in stature and color fairly well with C. alaskensis^ except that the clypeus is entirely black, not testaceous anteriorly, the apex of the hind femora and their tibias and tarsi are wholly black, the abdomen with a very fine alutaceous or coriaceous sculpture, while the areolet in the front wings is usually very irregularly pentagonal, although sometimes subrhomboidal or oblique as in the other species. 204 ASHMEAD Type. — Cat. No. 5752, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Alaska (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey) ; Sherbrook, Canada (Abbe Begin). In Le Naturaliste Canadien, vii, 1S75, p. 264, Abbe Provancher described a male insect under the name Mesostenus nigricornis which he afterwards in his Fauna entomologique du Canada, 1883, corre- lated incorrectly with a female under the same name. The name nigricornis Provancher must be retained for the male which belongs to quite a different genus in a different tribe and sub- family ; and the female, incorrectly correlated with it, I have here named Cabocephalus nigricornis. Genus Xylonomus Gravenhorst. XYLONOMUS FRIGIDUS Cresson. Xylonomus frigidus Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, iii, p. 168, 1870. — Provancher, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 489, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 220, 1887. Type in collection of the Amei'ican Entomological Society. From Fort Yukon (L. M. Turner). Originally described from Hudson Bay Territory, but found throughout Canada and southward into the New England States and New York. Subfamily TRTPHONINv^. Tribe MESOLEPTINI. Genus Spanoctecnus Forster. SPANOCTECNUS FLAVOPICTUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4. i mm. Polished black ; anterior orbits, face below antennae, cheeks, mandibles, front and middle coxje and trochanters, a line on each side of the mesosternum, and apical margins of dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 4, lemon-yellow ; hind coxae black ; rest of legs, except the first joint of trochanters above., more or less, and the middle and hind femora above., more or less ; hind tibiae at apex and their tarsi, which are fuscous, red. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown, the tegulae yellowish-white. Type. — Cat. No. 5628, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Unalaska, Sep- tember 17 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. Genus Eclytus Holmgren. ECLYTUS YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 5 mm. Polished black ; orbits opposite antennae, the face below, including the cheeks and mandibles, except a tridentate (m) black mark just beneath the insertion of antennae, and the front HYMENOPTERA 205 and middle coxae and trochanters, except a black streak above, yellow ; hind legs black or dark fuscous ; rest of legs rufo-testaceous. Antennae 28-jointed, brown black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown, the outer edge of the stigma and the costal vein brown black. Abdomen elongate, smooth and shining, except the petiole which is finely, irregularly rugulose and bicarinate basally. Type. — Cat. No. 5629, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. Two specimens. DALLATORREA gen. nov. This new genus, remarkable in several particulars and especially In its mandibular and metathoracic characters, is named in honor of the learned author of the great work, Catalogus Hymenopterorum, Dr. C. W. von Dalla Torre, professor in the Imperial Leopold-Franz eus University, Innsbruck, Austria, who has not only been a prolific and valuable contributor toward a knowledge of European Hymenoptera, but who, in compiling this great catalogue — a labor of 30 years — has endeared himself to all working hymenopterologists and reared for himself a lasting monument. The true position of this singular genus cannot be definitely settled until the female is discovered. From present knowledge it might just as well be placed in the tribe Plectiscini^ with which it agrees in some of its cephalic characters, especially with such genera as Catastenus and Symplecis^ as well as with the Mesoleptini. For the present, however, judging alone from the characters of the male, I consider it to belong to this group, and in my generic table of the Mesoleptini^ Classification of the Ichneumon Flies, p. 65, it will fall in next to the genus Gausocentrus Forster. The two may be separated by the following characters : Metathorax bispined, the mesonotal furrows strongly impressed ante- riorly; scutellum black ; eyes converging anteriorly ; mandibles con- ically acute, although bidentate, the teeth very unequal, the inner tooth being very minute, almost invisible and less than half the length of the apical or outer tooth Dallatorrea. Metathorax normal, unarmed, the mesonotal furrows not strongly im- pressed : scutellum yellow; eyes parallel, not converging anteriorly; mandibles bidentate, the teeth equal Gausocentrus Forster. DALLATORREA ARMATA sp. nov. (PI. X, fig. 5.) Male. — Length 7 mm. Polished black; mandibles rufo-testaceous; palpi and tegulae pale yellowish ; front legs brownish-yellow, the 2o6 ASHMEAD middle and hind legs, except the hind tarsi which are black or fuscous, reddish-brown ; abdomen black with the apices of dorsal segments 2 and 3 narrowly yellowish ; antennae except the ring-joint, entirely black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown black, the disco- cubital vein broken by a slight stump of a vein before its middle, the areolet oblique, petiolate, receiving the second recurrent nervure near its apex. Scutellum longitudinally striate. Metathorax bidentate or bispined, the upper hind angles being produced into a long tooth or spine, the areola elongate, about thrice as long as wide. Abdomen twice longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole very long and slender, as long as segments 2 and 3 united, very slightly curved at apex as seen from the side, coriaceous, the spiracles situated at the basal third. Type. — Cat. No. 5630, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16. One specimen. Genus Gausocentrus Forster. Mr. Davis^ has incorrectly placed in this genus Mesoleptus strigosus Cresson. The type of this species, No. 1604 (Belfrage Collection) is in the National Museum and a careful study of it shows that it is a Cryptine and not a Tryphonine, and in reality represents the male of Mesostenus longicaudus Cresson, a species which should be placed in the genus Nematopodius Gravenhorst, in my tribe Mesostenini. Nematopodius longicaudus Cresson is found from Texas to Canada and will doubtless be found to occur in Alaska. Genus Hypocryptus Forster. This genus is here recognized in our fauna for the first time. TABLE OF SPECIES. 1. Head and thorax mostly black. Abdomen more or less rufous, or with the middle segments rufous 4. Abdomen mostly black, none of the segments wholly rufous, although sometimes apically or medially striped or banded with rufous 2 . 2. Abdomen with a rufous stripe extending from base of second dorsal segment clear to the apex, dilated posteriorly and leaving the sides of the segment alone black 3. 'Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 311, 1897. HYMENOPTERA 20>J Abdomen not so marked. Face below the insertion of antennie, cheeks, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, a broad line in front of them on each lateral margin of the mesonotum, hind angles of pronotum, prosternum, mesoster- num and the lower half of the mesopleura, the front and middle coxae and trochanters, the second joint of hind trochanters and tibial spurs, lemon-yellow; rest of legs red; abdomen mostly black, the ventral fold and a spot at extreme apex of segments 3 to 7 yellowish. Male /^. kodiakensis. Face below the insertion of antennae, cheeks, mandibles, palpi, tegulse, a short line beneath a spot in front on each hind angle of pronotum, spot on prosternum, a line between the mesosternum and the mesopleura, dilated anteriorly and enclosing a black spot, the front and middle coxae and trochanters, and the hind coxae and trochanters i^ewert^//, lemon-yellow; rest of legs mostly rufous, the hind coxae, trochanters and i^vi\orz. above, black, the hind tibise and tarsi fuscous, the middle tarsi above subfuscous. Male. H. variegafipes. 3. Face below antennae, except a black median line and two large black spots just above the clypeus, the clypeus, cheeks, mandibles, except tips, palpi, scape beneath, tegulae, a broad line in front along the sides of the mesonotum, a line beneath, prosternum posteriorly, a broad line on each side of the mesosternum, the front and middle coxae and trochanters, and the second joint of hind trochanters, lemon-yellow; rest of legs red. Female H. popofensis. 4. Abdomen with the apex of first dorsal segment, the second and third entirely and the fourth or most of the fourth, rufous ; some- times with the second and third segments alone rufous 5. Abdomen with the apex of the second dorsal segment and the third and fourth wholly rufous, the apex of the fourth sometimes black. Face beneath antennae, mandibles, palpi, scape and pedicel beneath, tegulae, the scale in front, the front and middle legs, including coxae and trochanters, tibial spurs and the hind trochanters and basal half of hind tibiae lemon-yellow; hind coxre and femora black, their tibiae toward apex and their tarsi fuscous. Female. H. seldovtce. 5. Hind coxae black, the middle coxie black only basally ; face beneath, antennae, mandibles, palpi, scape and pedicel beneath, scape in front, and the front and middle legs lemon-yellow, the hind legs, except coxae and the apex of tibiie, rufous. Male H. seldovice. Hind coxae rufous, the middle and front coxae yellow; face beneath, antennae, except a slender black median line extending nearly to the base of the clypeus, mandibles, tegulae, scape in front and the front and middle trochanters, lemon-yellow, rest of the legs, except the hind coxie and tarsi which are fuscous, red ; palpi white. //. iib talis. 208 ASHMEAD HYPOCRYPTUS KODIAKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 8 mm. Black with the face below the antennse, including the clypeus, cheeks and mandibles, except teeth, the scape beneath, the pro- and mesosternum, the anterior and middle trochan- ters, tegulse, a line below, the upper margin of the prothorax in front of the tegulae, a hook-shaped line on each side of the mesonotum extending from the tegulae anteriorly to the parapsidal depressions, a spot on the scutellum at apex, and a dot at the origin of the hind wings, lemon-yellow ; palpi, tibial spurs and the hind trochanters, yellowish-white; rest of legs rufous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins dark brown. The head is opaque, finely coriaceous, the meso- notum is polished, impunctate ; while the metathorax has two median carinae, divergent posteriorly, the space between posteriorly being rugulose. The abdomen is elongate, subcylindrical, above., except a slight yellow stripe at the extreme apices of segments 3 to 7, black, beneath yellowish, with oblong black spots on segments 2 to 4. AntenniE above black, the flagellum beneath brownish. Type. — Cat. No. 5631, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 2. One specimen. HYPOCRYPTUS VARIEGATIPES sp. nov. Male. — Length 8 mm. Black, with the face below the antennae, the cheeks, clypeus, mandibles, except teeth, scape and pedicel beneath^ a line beneath tegulce and a spot before, a spot on prosternum in front of the insertion of the coxae, a broad line on each side of the mesosternum dilated anteriorly and enclosing a black spot, and the front and middle coxae and trochanters lemon-yellow or yellowish-white ; rest of front and middle legs, and the hind femora and tibiae beneath., red ; hind legs above black, the coxse and trochanters beneath yellowish ; flagel- lum beneath ferruginous ; abdomen above black, with the extreme apices of segments 2 to 7, a median spot at base and apex of segments 2 and 3, that on the third being more or less conjointed to a median line, and a small median spot at apices of the following segments tes- taceous. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except a white spot at its base, and the veins brown. Type.— 0,0.1. No. 5632, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land, August 25 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. HYPOCRYPTUS POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6.5 mm. Black ; face, except a short median black spot just beneath the insertion of the antennae and two large quadrate HYMENOPTERA 2O9 spots just below it above the clypeus, the cheeks, mandibles, except teeth, and the scape and pedicel beneath, lemon-yellow; basal half of flagellum beneath and the apical half or more entirely ferruginous ; tegulae, a line beneath and a spot in front, a broad line on each side of the mesonotvmi, a large spot on prosternum in front of each coxa, a broad band on each side of the mesosternum, the front and middle coxae and trochanters, and the tibial spurs, yellowish- white ; rest of legs, except the hind tarsi red, the hind tarsi subfuscous. Wings hya- line, the stigma and subcostal vein yellowish, the internal veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5633, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 12. One specimen. HYPOCRYPTUS vSELDOVI^ sp. nov. Female. — Length 10 mm. Black, the abdomen with a median spot at apex of dorsal segment 2 and segments 3 and 4 entirely rufous ; face below antennae, scape and pedicel beneath.^ and the front and middle legs, except basally, lemon-yellow ; hind coxae and femora black, their tibiae above and the tarsi fuscous or black, the tibiae be- neath reddish; flagellum, except a few of the basal joints above fer- ruginous ; palpi, tegulcB, a small spot in front, the front and middle coxae and trochanters and the hind trochanters yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the subcostal vein, the parastigma and poststigmal vein, yellowish, the stigma and the internal veins dark brown. Male. — Length 9 mm. Differs from female in having the dorsal abdominal segments 2, 3 and 4 red, the base of the middle coxae black, while the hind legs, except the hind coxaj which are black, and the trochanters above which are fuscous, are red. Type. — Cat. No. 5634, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Seldovia, July 20 ; Kukak Bay, July 4. HYPOCRYPTUS TIBIALIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 8."^ mm. Black, the abdomen with dorsal segments 3 and 4 usually blotched with red, rarely wholly red, segment =5 with an obscure reddish spot at basal middle, while the extreme apices of segments 6 and 7 are yellowish ; face below antennae, except a median black line, the clypeus, cheeks, mandibles, except teeth, scape beneath, and a small spot in front of teguhe, lemon-yellow ; flagellum beneath ferruginous; palpi, tegula3, front and middle coxie and trochanters yellowish- white ; rest of legs, except the hind tibiie and tarsi, which are fuscous, red. Wings hyaline, the stigma and subcostal vein yel- lowish, the internal veins dark brown. 2IO ASHMEAD Type. — Cat. No. 5635, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 4. One specimen. Genus Mesoleptus Gravenhorst. MESOLEPTUS UNALASK^ sp. nov. Female. — Length 7 mm. Black ; face below antennae, except a median black line, connected with a triangular black spot just above the clypeus, the cheeks, clypeus, mandibles, except teeth and a spot at base, the palpi, scape and pedicel beneath, tegulce, epitegulae, sutures of trochanters and the second joint of same, tibial spurs, venter and the extreme apices of dorsal abdominal segments 2 and 3 (nearly in- visible unless viewed from behind) yellowish-white ; flagellum beneath ferruginous ; all coxa and first joint of trochanters, at least above, black ; rest of legs red. Wings hyaline, the stigma and subcostal vein yellowish, the internal veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5636, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Unalaska, Au- gust 24 (Fur Seal Commission). Tribe CTENISCINI. Genus Microplectron Forster. MICROPLECTRON ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.6 mm. Black, the face, except a broad median line extending to the clypeus, clypeus, mandibles, scape and pedicel beneath, and apical median blotches on dorsal abdominal segments 2, 3 and 4, as well as the extreme apices of the following segments, lemon-yellow ; palpi, tegulae, apices of front and middle coxte and be- neath .^ their trochanters and the hind trochanters yellowish- white ; front and middle coxte basally and the hind coxae black ; rest of legs mostly rufous, the hind femora, tibiae and tarsi brownish or sub- fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the poststigmal vein and subcostal veins, as well as the parastigma and the veins in the hind wings, pale yellowish. Type. — Cat. No. 5637, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 9. One specimen. Genus Cteniscus Haliday. TABLE OF SPECIES. 1. Thorax and the head, at least above, black 2. Thorax not black 5 . HYMENOPTERA 211 2. Hind coxae not black 4. Hind coxffi always black, the middle usually black only at base. Face below the insertion of the antennas yello\v but ivithout a median black line 3. Face below the insertion of the antennae yellow but ivith a me- dian black line that extends to base of clypeus. Female : abdomen black but with the three or four apical segments, and segments 3 and 3 at apex, mostly rufous C. clyfeatus. Male : abdomen mostly black, with usually the apical margins of seg- ments 2 and 3 and 6 and 7, rufous ; there is also usually a median rufous spot on 3 and 4 C. clyfeatus. 3. Front and middle coxae at apex, their trochanters and the hind tro- chanters yellowish-white ; rest of coxae, and the hind femora black, the hind tibia; and tarsi subfuscous, the front and middle legs ful- vous ; abdomen black with the apex of the second segment, a broad median stripe on the third at apex, and the sutures of the follow- ing segments rufous C. nigrofemoralis. 4. None in this section from Alaska. 5. None in this section from Alaska. CTENISCUS CLYPEATUS Cresson. Cteniscus clypeatus Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 11, p. 113, 9, 1869. Mesoleptus concohrYKOyAyiCB.KK, Nat. Can., vii, p. 139, 1875. — Provancher, Fn. du. Can. Hym., p. 403, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 212, 1887. — Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 228, 1897. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From St. Paul Island, August 15 to 25 (Fur Seal Commission). JMany specimens. Occurs in the White Mountains of N. H., the mountains of Colorado, Hudson Bay Territory and in Oregon and Washington. CTENISCUS NIGROFEMORALIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 7.8 mm. Black ; face from some distance from below the antennae, not immediately from their insertion, the clypeus, except a black sutural line, cheeks, the mandibles except the teeth, and scape and pedicel beneath., lemon-yellow ; palpi, tegulae, a small spot in front, epitegulte, apices of front and middle coxae, their trochanters, and the hind trochanters yellowish-white ; rest of coxaj and hind femora black, the rest of the legs mostly reddish, the hind tibiae and tarsi usually more or less obscured or subfuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except at apex and base, and the internal veins brownish. Abdomen black with the apices of dorsal segments 2 and 3 and a median stripe on the second, rufo-testaceous. Type. — Cat. No. 5638, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. 212 ASHMEAD Genus Diaborus Forster. DIABORUS SEXMACULATUS sp. nov. Male. — Length lo mm. Black ; face, except a median line con- nected with a black band across base of clypeus, the remainder of clypeus, spot on cheeks, epitegulse, a line on upper margin of prothorax interrupted anteriorly, and spots, or bands at apices of dorsal abdom- inal segments 2 to 7, lemon-yellow; mandibles, except teeth, the palpi, tegulae and front coxae and trochanters, yellowish-white ; rest of legs except as noted, reddish yellow, the hind coxae and first joint of trochanters above black, the apex of the tibiae and tarsi fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and subcostal vein yellowish, the other veins dark brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5639, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 8. One specimen. DIABORUS CITRIFRONS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 mm. Black ; face below antennae entirely, cheeks, mandibles, scape beneath, a line on upper margin of the prothorax, interrupted anteriorly, a short line beneath the tegulae, scutellum, post- scutellum, and a triangular spot at apices of dorsal abdominal segments I, 2 and 3, and bands at the apices of the following segments, lemon- yellow ; palpi, tegulae, a line on the lower margin of the prothorax, the front and middle coxae and trochanters, the hind coxae above and the second joint of their trochanters, yellowish-white ; remainder of legs, except the hind tibiae at apex and their tarsi red ; the hind coxae beneath and the first joint of the trochanters are black, the hind tibicE at apex and their tarsi are fuscous. Wings hyaline ; the stigma, except at base and the subcostal vein, which are yellowish, and the internal veins, dark brown. Tyfe. — Cat. No. 5640, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 1 1 . One specimen. Tribe CTENOPELMINI. Genus Erromenus Holmgren. ERROMENUS ANNULIFES sp. nov. Female. — Length 6.8 mm. Black; clypeus and legs, except as hereafter noted, red ; mandibles, except teeth, epitegulte and the sub- costal vein, front and middle trochanters, except the first joint of the middle above, the tibial spurs, and the extreme apices of dorsal ab- HYMENOPTERA 213 dominal segments 2 and 3 yellow or yellowish-white ; palpi and an annulus of the hind tibias before the middle, white ; coxae, hind tro- chanters, apices of hind femora, their tibioB, except the white annulus, and their tarsi black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the disco-cubital nervure broken by a distinct stump of a vein, the areolet complete. Type. — Cat. No. 5641, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July II. Two specimens. Genus Monoblastus Hartig. MONOBLASTUS NIGER sp. nov. Male. — Length 7 mm. Black; mandibles with a rufous spot near the middle ; palpi, epitegulae and the subcostal vein, yellowish ; apices of all femora and all tibiai and tarsi, except the last three joints of the middle and hind tarsi, testaceous, the terminal joints mentioned being more or less fuscous, especially above. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except at base, and the veins dark brown ; the disco-cubital vein is strongly curved, but has a short stump of a vein at its basal third. The head in front is closely confluently punctate, behind and on vertex it is smooth and shining, although sparsely punctate. The thorax above is sparsely but distinctly punctate, the metathorax rugulose, opaque, except the surface within the basal lateral areas which is smooth and shining. Type. — Cat, No. 5642, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 9. One specimen. Genus Polyblastus Forster. POLYBLASTUS GLACIALIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 8 mm. Black ; anterior half of clypeus, dorsal abdominal segments 2, 3 and 4, and the legs, except as hereafter noted, rufous ; all coxaa and trochanters, the hind femora and their tibias at apex black, the hind tibiae basally and their tarsi more or less yellowish, the tarsal joints at apex being fuscous ; tegulae dark piceous ; the epitegulae, subcostal vein, base of stigma and palpi, yellowish- white, the rest of the stigma and the internal veins brown. The face is finely, closely punctate, the basal half of the clypeus shining, with some coarse punctures ; the thorax above is shining, although sparsely minutely punctate ; the metathorax is rugulose, the carinas strong, but with the basal middle and middle lateral areas confluent ; while the first segment of the abdomen is rugulose with two dorsal carinas that extend four-fiftbs its length. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May, 1902. 214 ASHMEAD Type. — Cat. No. 5643, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land, August 17 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. Genus Scorpiorus Forster. SCORPIORUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5.5 mm. Black; a dot on cheeks, a triangular spot on anterior angles of face just above the clypeus, the clypeus, mandibles, scape beneath, the venter and the extreme apex of the sixth dorsal abdominal segment yellow ; legs, except more or less of the coxag above, a broad band at apex of the second dorsal abdominal seg- ment, the third segment entirely, and the apex of the fourth, rufous ; palpi, tegulcE, epitegulae, subcostal vein, and a spot at the base of the stigma, ivory-white or yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the stigma except as noted, and the internal veins, brown. Metathorax areolated, as in Polyblastus glacialis. Abdomen with the first segment broad, finely rugulose, the dorsal carinae extending only to its middle. Tyfe. — Cat. No. 5644, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July II. One specimen. SCORPIORUS NIVEICOLA sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.5 mm. Black; the clypeus, mandibles, palpi, tegulte, epiteguls, subcostal vein and the base of the median vein, white ; legs and the first and second segments of the abdomen, brown- ish-yellow or reddish-yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Face smooth, shining, at the most sparsely and microscopic- ally pvmctate medially. Thorax polished, impunctate, the scutellum elevated, with a deep transverse furrow across the base, the metathorax finely rugulose, carinate, the basal lateral and middle areas confluent. Abdomen smooth, shining, the jfirst segment at the most alutaceous, the dorsal carinae not extending beyond its middle, Male. — Differs from female in having two broad white spots on face anteriorly, one on each side, that extend on to the checks ; the scape and pedicel beneath are white ; the apex of the hind tibiag and their tarsi are fuscous ; the abdomen has the second and third dorsal segments and the apex of the fourth, brownish-yellow, while the first segment is the longest with the dorsal carinas extending nearly to its apex. Type. — Cat. No. 5645, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12 ; Popof Island, July 9. HYMENOPTERA 215 Tribe TRTPHONINI. Genus Trematopygus Holmgren. TREMATOPYGUS KUKAKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5 mm. Black; mandibles, except the teeth and a spot at base, the legs, except the coxte and the hind tarsi, and dorsal abdominal 3 at apical half and 4 entirely, rufous; palpi, tegulae, epi- tegulae, subcostal vein, and base of stigma, yellowish-white. Head and thorax coriaceous, the metathorax rugulose, completely areolated. Abdomen with the petiole and second dorsal segment coriaceous, the following segments finely punctate, the dorsal carinae of the petiole indistinct, close and nearly parallel. Type. — Cat. No. 5647, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen- Genus Cosmoconus Forster. COSMOCONUS CANADENSIS (Provancher). Tryphon canadensis Provancher, Nat. Can., vii, p. 117, 1875. Mesoleius canadensis Provancher, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 417, 1883. — Cres- SON, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 210, 1887. Cosmoco7iiis canadensis Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 280, 1897. — AsHMEAD, Smith's Ins. of New Jersey, p. 578, 1900. Type. — In Parliament Building, Quebec, Canada. From Juneau, July 25. Two male specimens. Genus Tryphon Gravenhorst. TRYPHON ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Fetnale. — Length 6.Z mm. Black; anterior half of clypeus, man- dibles, legs, except coxae, trochanters, hind femora and apex of their tibiae and their tarsal joints at tips, and dorsal abdominal segments 3, 4 and 5, rufous; coxae, trochanters, hind femora, their tibi^ at apex and the apices of tarsal joints, fuscous ; palpi, epitegulae, subcostal vein and a spot at base of stigma, yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins, except as noted, brown. 7>/^.— Cat. No. 5648, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 25 (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Trophoctonus Forster. TROPHOCTONUS INSULARIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 7.5 mm. Dark rufous, with the sutures of the thorax, prosternum, mesosternum, metathorax and the extreme base of 2l6 ASHMEAD first abdominal segment with its dorsal carinse, black ; face with a spot at each anterior angle, clypeus, a spot at base of mandibles, epi- tegulae, costae, and a spot at base of stigma, ivory, or yellowish-white ; legs ferruginous. Wings subfuscous, the stigma and veins, except as noted, brown. Face finely punctate, the vertex and the thorax smoother, shining but spai^sely, minutely punctate ; the prothorax in the lateral depressions is distinctly wrinkled ; the metathorax is short but strongly and completely areolated ; while the first and second dorsal segments of the abdomen are finely rugulose, the first with two strong dorsal carinas that become obsolete at the apical third of the segment. Type. — Cat. No. 564S, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Fopof Island, July 9. One specimen. Genus Sychnoportus Forster. SYCHNOPORTUS LONGITARSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 mm. Black ; face below antennae, except a black line extending off oblique from the basal sutures of the clypeus on to the cheeks, the clypeus, the mandibles and the front and middle coxae and trochanters lemon-yellow ; the legs, except the middle coxte above, the hind coxae anteriorly, first joint of their trochanters, tips of their tibiae and tarsi, which are black or fuscous, and the abdomen, except the basal two thirds of the first segment and segments 5 , 6 and 7 which are black, are rufous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5649, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. Genus Tlemon Forster. TLEMON DELICATUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 5 mm. Black; clypeus, mandibles, hypotegul^e and the epitegulae lemon-yellow ; palpi, tegulae and the front and middle coxae and trochanters, ivory or yellowish- white ; hind coxae black, first joint of hind trochanters above, apex of their tibiae and their tarsi fuscous, the remainder of the legs reddish-yellow or brown- ish-yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins bro^vn. Face feebly coriaceous, the clypeus highly polished, impunctate ; thorax above and a spot on the middle of the mesopleura smooth, shining, im- punctate while the metathorax is rugulose, not short, and incompletely areolated. Type. — Cat. No. 5650, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. HYMENOPTERA 217 Genus Polyterus Forster. POLYTERUS SEXCARINATUS sp. nov. Female. — Length 8.5 mm. Black ; clypeus and mandibles dark rufous ; palpi yellowish, with the two basal joints brownish or fuscous ; legs, except the hind tibiae and tarsi, including tibial spurs ferruginous, hind tibiae, their spurs and tarsi black. Head coriaceous opaque ; thorax above shining, although microscopically punctate, the meta- thorax wrinkled but shining, and with six longitudinal carinas, the two middle rather close at their origin but diverging posteriorly and uniting with the transverse apical carina, the space between being transversely rugulose and twice as wide at apex as at base. Wings hyaline, or only faintly tinged, the stigma and veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5651, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Alaska (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). Two specimens. Genus Hyposyntactus gen. nov. In a table of genera this new species will fall next to Syntactus Forster. The two may be separated as follows : Clypeus with a transverse furrow at apex. Metanotum ivithout median carinae ; hind legs long, their tarsi thickened, the longer spur of the tibise not or rarely half the length of the basal tarsal joint; disco-cubital nervure not broken by a stump of a vein Syntactus. Metanotum -with two median carinae forming an areola, which, however, is open at base ; hind legs normal, the longer tibial spur of hind legs fully half the length of the basal tarsal joint ; disco-cubital nervure angularly broken by a stump of a vein Hyposyntactus. HYPOSYNTACTUS FLAVIFRONS sp. nov. (PI. X, fig. 4.) Male. — Length 10 mm. Black; face below antennae, mandibles, scape beneath, a line on collar above, a triangular spot on each side of the mesonotum anteriorly at the base of the parapsidal furrows, the tegulae, hypo- and epitegulae, a line beneath, a dot on each side of the prosternum in front of the front coxae, a spot on mesoternum, the front and middle legs, the hind trochanters, basal two thirds of hind tibiae and their tarsi except last joint, and dorsal abdominal segments 2, 3 and 4, excejDt narrowly at apex, lemon-yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma within yellowish, outwardly as well as the internal veins, brown, the disco-cubital nervure angularly broken by a stump of a vein before the middle. 2l8 ASHMEAD Type. — Cat. No. 5652, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Juneau, July 25. One specimen. In color and general appearance this species very closely resembles Cosmoconus canadensis Provancher, and one must give the closest atten- tion to its structural characters or it might be easily confounded with it. Genus Calliphrurus Forster. Prior to the Harriman Expedition only a single species belonging to this genus was known in North America. In the Alaskan material ten additional species have been discovered, which may be tabulated as follows : TABLE OF SPECIES. 1. Head and thorax black. Abdomen not entirely black ; dorsal segments more or less rufous. 8. Abdomen black or at most with only the extreme apex of one or more of the segments w^hitish or testaceous 2. 2. All coxae black 3. Not all the coxae black 5. 3. Smaller species, less than 6 mm. or no longer 4. Larger species, more than 6 mm. long. Legs rufous with the front and middle trochanters, the second joint of hind trochanter, tibial spurs, palpi, tegulas, and ventral fold yellowish-white ; coxae, hind femora, base and apex of their tibiae and tarsi black. Abdomen above black with the apices of the second and third segments nearly yellowish ; clypeus and mandibles yellow ; no spot in front of each lateral mesothoracic lobe. Female C. clypeatus. Abdomen with dorsal segments 2 to 6 or 7, narrowly at apex flavo-testa- ceous, the third and fourth usually also with a large median spot toward apex; clypeus, mandibles and a spot on scape beneath yellow; legs rufous. Male C. clypeatus. Legs rufous, with the trochanters, except first joint above ^ P^lpi? tegul^e and ventral fold yellowish-white ; tibial spurs testa- ceous ; coxae, basal joint of trochanters above, tips of hind tibiae and tarsi black or fuscous. Clypeus, mandibles and a triangular mark in front of each lateral mesothoracic lobe that extends slightly on to the angles of the middle lobe, yellow. Female C alaskensis. Clypeus, mandibles and tegulse yellow or yellowish ; mesonotum im- maculate; flagellum, except two or three basal joints, ferruginous. Female C. affinis. HYMENOPTERA 219 All coxae black. Legs rufous, the coxae, first joint of trochanters and hind tarsi (some- times) black; cljpeus and mandibles, except teeth, tegulae, and the extreme apices of dorsal abdominal segments 3 to 7, yellowish-white; flagellum ferruginous. Female C. miiior. Legs brownish-yellow, with the middle and hind femora more or less dusky or blackish ; clypeus and mandibles yellowish ; flagellum brown- black. Male C. minor. Hind coxae alone black 6. All coxae rufous or pale, never black 7 • 6. Face below the antennjE, but not along the orbits and on the cheeks, the clypeus, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, front and middle coxae and trochanters, second joint of hind trochanters and tibial spurs, yellow- ish-white; flagellum brown-black. Female C. popofensis. 7. Legs rufous, with the hind tibiae and tarsi more or less black or fuscous, the hind tibize with a rufous spot or broad band before the middle; clypeus, mandibles, except teeth, and the hind angles of pronotum, pale yellowish ; tegulae brown. Female C. kukakensts. Legs pale ferruginous, with the tips of hind tibiae and tarsi black or fuscous, the front and middle coxae and all trochanters yellowish- white ; face below antennae including the clypeus, mandibles, a large spot on each side of mesonotum anteriorly, tegulae, and a V-shaped mark on each side of the mesosterum yellow. Male C. perplexus. All coxae pale 11. Hind coxae black 9. Hind coxie black. Dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 7 mostly rufous or rufous in part 10. Dorsal abdominal segments mostly black, with 2 to 7 narrowly flavo-testaceous at apex. Face entirelj', a large spot en each side of the mesonotum anteriorly and a large triangular mark on each side just above the mesosternum lemon-yellow. Male C. alaskensts. 10. Clypeus, a lunate mark above and connected with it, mandibles, except teeth, palpi, tegulae, front and middle coxae and trochanters, and the tibial spurs, yellow or yellowish-white ; remainder of legs except the apex of hind tibiK and their tarsi, which are black, rufous. Male. C. fflacialis. Face below antennae, clypeus, mandibles, scape beneath, a large spot on anterior lateral margins of the mesonotum, a spot on each side of mesosternum anteriorly, and the tegula; lemon-yellow; palpi, front and middle coxa;, apex of hind coxce and all trochanters, except the first joint of the hind pair above, and the venter, yellowish-white. Male C. frigidus. 220 ASHMEAD II. Face below antennae, clypeus, mandibles, a spot on each side of the mesonotum anteriorly (sometimes A-shaped), the tegulae, a spot in front and a line below, and front and middle coxte and trochanters, yellowish-white ; apex of hind tibiae and their tarsi black ; remainder of legs rufous; antennae beneath ferruginous. Male C. confusus. CALLIPHRURUS CLYPEATUS sp. nov. Pemale. — Length 6.5 mm. Black; clypeus and mandibles lemon- yellow; palpi, tegulse, hypo- and epitegulae, front and middle trochan- ters and second joint of hind trochanters, tibial spurs and the venter ivory or 3'ellowish-white ; all coxae, first joint of hind trochanters, base and tips of their tibiae and the hind tarsi black ; hind femora dark, rufo-piceous, rest of legs reddish. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except a spot at base, and the veins brown. Male. — Length 7.5 mm. Agrees well with the female, except that the legs are entirely red, except the coxae and the first joint of the tro- chanters ; the first joint of the front and middle trochanters at apex and the second joint are white, while the dorsal abdominal sutures 4 to 7, as well as a median spot at apex of segments 3 and 4, are testaceous. Type. — Cat. No. 5653, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 20; St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). CALLIPHRURUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 8 mm. Black ; cl3peus, mandibles, and a trian- gular spot on each side of the mesonotum anteriorly, lemon-yellow ; palpi, tegulae, apices of coxae, first joint of trochanters beneath, the second joint entirely, and the venter ivory or yellowish-white ; coxse, first joint of trochanters above, apical third of hind tibiae and their tarsi black ; rest of legs red. Male. — Differs from the female in having the entire face below the antennae, a large spot on each side of the mesonotum, the hypo- and epitegulae, and a band on each side of the mesosternum dilated anteriorly and enclosing a black spot, lemon-yellow ; palpi, tegulse, front and middle coxae and trochanters and hind trochanters, except first joint at base above, ivory or yellowish-white ; abdominal sutures, or along the sutures 2 to 7, and an obscure spot at base and apex of the third and sometimes on the fourth, flavo-testaceous ; otherwise it is similar to the female. Type. — Cat. No. 5654, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July II. HYMENOPTERA 221 CALLIPHRURUS AFFINIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 6 mm. Allied to and closely resembling C. alaskensis.^ and agreeing with it in the color of abdomen and legs, but differs as follows : The clypeus, mandibles and tegulae are yellow, the mesonotum immaculate, without the yellow spot on each side an- teriorly, while the flagellum, except two or three of the basal joints, is ferruginous. It is also considerably smaller, the extreme apical mar- gins of dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 7 being whitish and the an- tennae are shorter. Type. — Cat. No. 5655, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 15 (Fur Seal Commission). CALLIPHRURUS MINOR sp. nov. Female. — Length 4.5 mm. Black ; clypeus and mandibles, except teeth, testaceous ; palpi and tegulte white ; flagellum ferruginous ; legs, except coxae and first joint of trochanters rufous ; venter at the sutures and more or less of the ventral fold pale yellowish, while the dorsal abdominal segments 4 to 7 are narrowly whitish at apex. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins pale yellowish. Male. — Agrees well with the female except that the legs are brown- ish-yellow or reddish-yellow, the middle femora dusky basally, the coxae, first joint of trochanters and the hind femora black, while the dorsal abdominal segments at apex are black, not narrowly white, except a small triangular spot at the lateral apical angles of the first segment. Type. — Cat. No. 5656, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 20, 24 (Fur Seal Commission). CALLIPHRURUS POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 6.c; mm. Black ; abdomen with the second dorsal segment narrowly testaceous at apex, the following segments, if viewed from behind, showing a little white at their extreme apices , face immediately beneath the antennae, but not along the orbits or on the cheeks, the clypeus, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, a spot in front, front and middle coxae and trochanters, second joint of hind trochanters, and the tibial spurs, yellow or yellowish-white ; flagellum brown black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins dark brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5657, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 1 1 . One specimen. 22 2 ASHMEAD CALLIPHRURUS KUKAKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 6.c; mm. Black, with the extreme apex of dorsal abdominal segments 2, 3 and 5 narrowly whitish when viewed from behind ; clypeus, mandibles, except teeth, and the hind angles of the pronotum, pale yellowish; legs except the hind tibiae, tibial spurs and tarsi, which are black, rufous, the hind tibiae usually with a rufous stripe or band before the middle. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except a pale spot at base, and the veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5658, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 10. One specimen. CALLIPHRURUS PERPLEXUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 mm. Black, with dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 7 more or less testaceous or whitish at their extreme apices ; face beneath antennas, clypeus, cheeks, mandibles, except teeth, scape beneath, a large spot on each side of the mesonotum anteriorly, tegulae, and a V-shaped mark on each side of the mesosternum, lemon-yellow ; legs pale ferruginous, with the hind tibise apically and their tarsi black or fuscous, while the front and middle coxs, all trochanters and venter, pale yellowish or ivory white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5659, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10. One specimen. CALLIPHRURUS GLACIALIS sp. nov. Alale. — Length 7 mm. Black, with dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 7 more or less rufous, 5, 6 and 7 very narrowly at apex; clypeus, a lunate mark just above it on face, mandibles, except teeth, and a spot on scape beneath yellow ; legs rufous, with the hind coxa), apex of hind tibiae and their tarsi, black, the anterior and middle coxae and trochanters, pale yellowish or yellowish-white. Type. — Cat. No. 5660, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Juneau, July 25. One specimen, CALLIPHRURUS FRIGIDUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 8 mm. Black, with dorsal abdominal segment 3 at apex, and the following segments rufo-testaceous ; face below an- tennae, clypeus, cheeks, mandibles, except teeth, scape beneath, a large triangular spot on each side of the mesonotum, a spot on each side of the mesosternum, and the tcgulte, lemon-yellow; palpi, front and HYMENOPTERA 223 middle coxae, apex of hind coxaa and all trochanters, except the first joint of the hind trochanters above at base, and the venter, yellow^ish- white ; remainder of leg rufous. Wings hyaline, the stigma within yellowish, outwardly and the other veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5661, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10. One specimen. CALLIPHRURUS CONFUSUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 7 mm. Black, with dorsal abdominal segment, 2 at apex, and segments 3, 4 and 5 almost entirely rufous, the fifth blackish laterally ; face below antennae, clypeus, mandibles, scape beneath, a large hook-shaped spot on each side of the mesonotum, tegulae, a spot in front and a short line beneath, lemon-yellow ; palpi, front and middle coxje and trochanters and second joint of hind trochanters, yellowish-white ; remainder of legs, except the apex of hind tibiae and their tarsi which are black, rufous ; ventral fold pale yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5662, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. Tw^o specimens. Genus Gemophaga Forster. GEMOPHAGA RUFA sp. nov. Male. — Length 7.5 mm. Rufous ; sutures of the thorax and the pro- and mesosternum black ; mandibles yellowish-white. Wings subfuscous, the stigma, except a yellowish spot at base, and the veins brown. The metathorax is short but strongly and completely areolated, the carinas sharply elevated, the spiracles large, broadly oval. Abdomen, except the first two segments and base of the third, is smooth and shining, the first two segments shagreened, the first wdth two strong dorsal carinas. Type. — Cat. No. 5663, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 12. One specimen. Genus Mesoleius Holmgren. MESOLEIUS STEJNEGERI Ashmead. Mesolieus stejnegert Ashmkax), Fur Seals and Fur Seal Islands, iv, p. 337, 9, 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 3651, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Bering Island (Dr. L. Stejneger) ; Pribilof Islands (Fur Seal Commission). 224 ASHMEAD MESOLEIUS ALEUTIANUS Cresson. Meso/ems a/euh'am(s Ckksson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 371, (^, 1878. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 209, 1887. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Aleutian Islands. I have not recognized this species nor have I seen the type. Mr. Davis says it belongs to the genus Lampronotus Haliday, but the description alone shows that such cannot possibly be the case. It may, however, represent a male in some other genus in the tribe Lissonotini. Tribe BASS INI. Genus Bassus Gravenhorst. BASSUS PULCHRIPES Provancher. Bassus pulchripes Provancher, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 428, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 214, 1887. — Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxii, p. 20, $ J*, 1895. Type in Parliament Building, Quebec, Canada. From Muir Glacier. One female specimen. This species is found in Canada, Colorado and the White Mountains, New Hampshire. Genus Promethes Forster. PROMETHES UNICINCTUS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5 mm. Black ; a median spot on the ridge just below the insertion of the antennae, the mandibles, hind angles of pro- notum, a line beneath tegulte, and a band at base of third abdominal segment and apex laterally, lemon-yellow; palpi, tegulae, apices of front and middle coxae and trochanters, and the second joint of hind trochanters yellowish- white ; coxse, except as noted, black ; rest of legs, except the base of femora beneath, rufous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and costal vein yellowish, the subcostal and internal veins brown. Abdomen strongly compressed at apex, the basal segment rugulose, the second striate, the foHowing smooth and polished. Type. — Cat. No. 5664, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. Genus Bioblapsis Forster. BIOBLAPSIS TRICINCTA sp. nov. Male. — Length 5.5 mm. Black ; anterior orbits to summit of eyes, a rounded spot on middle of face, clypeus, mandibles, and three bands HYMENOPTERA 225 on the abdomen, lemon-yellow ; palpi, scape, pedicel and first joint of flagellum beneath^ tegulae, a spot in front, epitegulae, apices of front and middle coxas and trochanters, second joint of hind trochanters, and more or less of the front femora and tarsi beneath .^ yellowish- white ; rest of coxae black, remainder of legs mostly rufous, the femora with a blackish spot or stripe toward base beneath, the femora and tibi^ outwardly fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brownish. Type. — Cat. No. 5665, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Berg Bay, June 10. One specimen. Zootrephes Forster. ZOOTREPHES INSULARIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 6 mm. Black ; face below antennje, clypeus, cheeks, mandibles, a U-shaped mark on mesonotum connected with a band on lateral margins, a dot on pronotum above, a spot in front of tegulae, the epitegulcE, a spot beneath tegulae, prosternum, mesosternum, except a large black spot posteriorly, the apical half of hind coxae, the venter narrowly along the lateral margins, extreme apex of dorsal ab- dominal segment 2, most of 3, except a lateral black spot, and a median line on dorsal segment 4, lemon-yellow; palpi, tegulte, front and middle coxse and trochanters and hind trochanters yellowish-white ; basal half of hind coxas black, the remainder of the legs, except the hind pair, which are dusky behind, rufous ; flagellum ferruginous, dusky above. Type. — Cat. No. 5666, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Fopof Island, July 8. One specimen. Genus Phthorina Forster. PHTHORINA BOREALIS sp. nov. Alale. — Length 4 mm. Polished black, the metathorax incom- pletely areolated ; mandibles and legs from the apex of the femora and the apices of ventral abdominal segments, rufo-testaceous ; palpi and epitegulae yellowish- white, tegulae black. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except a yellowish spot at base, and the veins dark brown. Abdomen, except the first segment, smooth and polished, the first segment feebly wrinkled and with two dorsal carinae on the basal half. Type. — Cat. No. 5667, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 9. One specimen. 226 ASHMEAD Genus Enizemum Forster. ENIZEMUM TIBIALE (Cresson). Bassus tibialis Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, ii, p. no, ?, 1868. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Am., p. 214, 1887. Enizemum tibiale Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxii, p. 27, 9d^. 1895. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). Occurs also in Canada, Montana, Colorado, Kansas and Illinois. Genus Homotropus Forster. HOMOTROPUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5.5 mm. Black; a spot just above clypeus, the clypeus, mandibles, scape and pedicel beneath, a band on each side of the mesonotum, a spot in front of tegulae and a line beneath, most of the coxae and trochanters, the venter, and the second and third dorsal sutures of abdomen more or less lemon-yellow ; basal half of hind coxae and the front and middle coxae basally, black ; remainder of legs mostly ferruginous, the front and middle femora and tibiee more or less streaked with yellow, the basal joints of trochanters and all femora at base beneath fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except along the outer margin, yellowish, costse and internal veins brownish. Abdomen, except the first and second segments and the base of the third, smooth and shining ; first and second segments rugulose, the first the more coarsely, the third feebly sculptured at base only. Type. — Cat. No. 5669, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10, 14. Five specimens. Tribe ORTHOCENTRINI. Genus Synoplus Forster. SYNOPLUS BREVIPENNIS sp. nov. (PI. XI, fig. 2.) Female. — Length 2.5 mm. Polished black; mandibles rufous; palpi pale fuscous, the last joint sometimes darker ; legs ferruginous, the femora and hind coxae usually, but not always, obfuscated, the trochanters and tibial spurs pale yellowish. Antennae 21 -jointed, usually light brownish with the scape and terminal joints darker or fuscous ; the first joint of the flagellum is the longest, a little longer than the second, or about 2]/^ times as long as thick at apex, the following joints to the seventh very imperceptibly HYMENOPTERA 227 shortening, the joints beyond to the last being quadrate or subquadrate, not longer than wide or a little wider than long, the last joint cone- shaped. Wings much abbreviated and narrowed, not reaching to or much beyond the middle of the abdomen ; the tegulae are pale yellow- ish or yellowish-white; the stigma and veins are brown, while the marginal cell is usually, but not always, closed. The metathorax is smooth, or at most alutaceous at apex and laterally, with the apical transverse carina distinct although delicate. The abdomen is strongly compressed from the second segment, shining black except the ventral segments at apex which are pale yellowish or whitish ; the first seg- ment laterally and at apex is finely, feebly shagreened ; the second segment is feebly sculptured at its extreme base and within the basal lateral angles only ; while the following are all smooth, impunctured. Type. — Cat. No. 5670, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August (Fur Seal Commission) . Fourteen specimens. SYNOPLUS PLEURALIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 2 mm. Polished black, with the pleura, meta- thorax, first segment of abdomen and legs light brown or brownish- yellow, the palpi and tegulas white. The antennae are 20-jointed, the scape fuscous, the flagellum light brown. Wings much abbreviated and narrowed and very similar to those in 6". brevipennis^ except that the stigma is scarcely developed and the veins are much paler, nearly hyaline or with a yellowish tinge. Type. — Cat. No. 5671, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Hypoleptus Forster. HYPOLEPTUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Fe?nale. — Length 3 mm. Polished black ; mandibles, palpi and annulus at base of the flagellum, sutures of trochanters and the second joint, knees, and the tibicC and tarsi, brownish-yellow, the apex of the hind tibia and their tarsi subfuscous ; flagellum brown ; apices of ven- tral abdominal segments whitish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown. The antennae are 18-jointed, the flagellum very gradually thickening towards apex ; the first joint of the flagellum is the longest, about 3^ times as long as thick at apex, a little narrowed towards base, the following gradually shortening and thickening, the three before the last being a little wider than long. Male, — Length 3.4 mm. Differs from the female in having a longer more clavate abdomen, with the first and second dorsal sag- 2 28 ASHMEAD nients more or less wrinkled or shagreened, while the flagellum is longer, filiform, the joints being cylindrical, subequal in length, about thrice as long as thick. Type. — Cat. No. 5672, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 22; Belkofski, July 7 (Fur Seal Commission). Fifteen specimens. HYFOLEPTUS GLACIALIS sp. nov. Male a7id Female. — Length 2.5 to 3 mm. Polished black; palpi brownish or fuscous ; mandibles, a minute annulus at base of flagel- lum, sutures of trochanters and the second joint, knees and base of tibiae yellowish, remainder of legs black or brownish-black ; tegulae and bands on venter yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the costal vein to the parastigma black or piceous black, the stigma and internal veins brown. The antennse are long, 22-jointed (rarely 23-jointed) ; the flagellum except the annulus at base of first joint is brown-black, the first three or four joints subequal, about thrice as long as thick. The metathorax is about one and a half times as long as wide, feebly alutaceous towards apex, smooth at base above and with a distinct apical transverse carina. The abdomen is elongate, longer than the head and thorax united, polished, except the first and second dorsal segments which are acicu- lated along the lateral margins ; the second has also two oblique fur- rows or impressed lines. Type. — Cat. No. 5673, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12. Genus Neuroteles Ratzeburg. NEUROTELES DUBIOSUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4.2 mm. Polished black ; two spots on face superi- orly just beneath the antennae, the labrum, mandibles, sutures of tro- chanters and the second joint, knees of front and middle legs, base of hind tibiae, and the front and middle tibije and tarsi, pale yellowish ; front and middle coxas beneath brownish ; palpi pale ; tegulae, epi- tegulae, the longitudinal veins in front wings basally, and more or less of the ventral fold yellowish-white. The antennae are 2S-jointed ; the flagellum is brown-black, with the first three or four joints subequal, about 3^ times as long as thick. The metathorax is smooth and shining, except apically and laterally where it is alutaceous or finely, irregularly wrinkled, the pleural carina being faintly indicated posteriorly. The abdomen is elongated and narrowed, twice the length of the thorax, the sides to near the apex HYMENOPTERA 229 being parallel, the first and second segments shagreened, the first one third longer than the second, the following segments smooth and polished, the third segment a little shorter than the second. Type. — Cat. No. 5674, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 25 (Fur Seal Commission). In describing this new species of JVenroteles^ as defined to suit our American species, the opportunity is taken to state my disagreement with Mr. Davis in his removal of Neiiroteles americana, JV. ulmicola and N. I'lriodendri to the genus Camerotops Forster, as also in making the last two synonymous with Brephoctonus Jlavosus Ashm. ; all are distinctly different. Mr. Davis has overlooked important cephalic and metathoracic dif- ferences not readily appreciated by a beginner. Genus Deleter Forster. DELETER KINCATDI sp. nov. JFemale. — Length 2 mm. Polished black ; apex of second dorsal abdominal segment and the third segment entirely testaceous ; antennae, except scape above, and the legs brownish, the trochanters, knees, base of tibiae and the tarsi paler or yellowish ; palpi white ; tegulae and stigma pale yellowish, the costae and internal veins dark brown. The antennae are 23-jointed, slightly thickened toward apex, the five or six joints before the last being quadrate or nearly so, not or scarcely longer than thick, the first three or four basal joints of the flagellum being a little more than twice longer than thick, narrowed toward base. Abdomen, except the first segment, smooth, impunctate, the first finely aciculate, the second with two oblique depressions basally. Male. — Differs from female in having the antennae filiform, the 5 or 6 terminal joints longer than thick, the abdomen, except the first segment being brownish-piceous, while the legs, except the hind coxae and femora and tips of hind tibiae, are yellowish, the hind coxae and femora black, the tips of the hind tibiae fuscous. Type. — Cat. No. 5754, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Belkofski, July 22 (Fur Seal Commission). DELETER FLAVIFRONS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3 mm. Polished black ; face below antenna, man- dibles and two stripes on the scape lemon-yellow ; palpi, tegulae, a dot in front, epitegulae, apex of front coxa), their trochanters, their femora except stripe beneath the tibiaj and tarsi beneath.^ sutures of middle and Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Maj, 1902. 230 ASHMEAD hind trochanters, basis of their tibiae, the tarsal joints more or less basally, and the first ventral abdominal segment and along the sutures of the second pale yellowish. Wings hyaline, the costse brown-black, the stigma and internal veins brown. The antennae are 24-jointed, about as long as the body, filiform, brown-black ; the first two joints of the flagellum are subequal, about 2j^ times as long as thick, the following to the last very gradually and imperceptibly shortening, the penultimate being very little longer than thick, the last fusiform, nearly as long as the two preceding united. Metathorax smooth, shining, at the most feebly aciculate posteriorly, the apical transverse and the pleural carinae distinct. Abdomen, ex- cept the first segment, and the second feebly at base, smooth and shining, the first longitudinally aciculate, the second feebly and faintly aciculate at base only. Type. — Cat. No. 5675, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10; St. Paul Island, August 24 (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Tapinops Forster. TAPINOPS CALIFORNICUS (Ashmead). Orthoccntrus calif ornicus Ashmead, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xii, p. 442, 9, 1888. Tapmops calif ornicus Ashmead, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiii, p. 204, 1896. Tapinops emarginatus Davis, nee Say, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 222, 1897. Tapinops abdominalis Davis, nee Provancher, loc. cit. Tapinops pusilhis Davis, ncc Walsh, loc. cit. From Sitka. Very common in the mountains of California. Mr. Davis is clearly wrong, in making this species, and others, noted above, synonymous with Ophion fnarginatus Say, a species he never saw and which from Say's description cannot possibly belong to this genus. Long after his original description was published, Say wrote, " This species is very remarkable by the prominence of the head in front of the insertion of the antennae which hence appear to be situated in a deep foveola ; this character, together with the very short, robust feet proves a close relationship to Alomya to which in fact I would refer the species, but that there is no appearance of a second ctibital cellule ; the a7ite7incB have 36 joints." (Italics mine.) lapinops califortiicus Ashmead has an areolet or second cubital cell and the antennae have only 29 joints. Davis evidently overlooks this note on Say's species. I have recognized Say's species ; it does not even belong to this tribe, but belongs to a genus in the next tribe or the Exochini. HYMENOPTERA 23 1 Genus Atmetus Forster. ATMETUS INSULARIS Ashmead. Atmetus insularis Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Islands, iv, p. 337, 9. 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 4039, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12; St. Paul Island, August 22 (Fur Seal Commission). Orig- inally described from Copper Island, in Bering Sea. The male has the upper half of the face, the clypeus, the mandibles and a spot in front of the tegulae, lemon-yellow ; the front and middle coxas and trochanters and the hind trochanters are yellowish-white ; while the antennae are 27-jointed, the flagellum brown-black, beneath towards base fulvous. Genus Orthocentrus Gravenhorst. ORTHOCENTRUS NIGRITUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 2.5 mm. Polished black; face below the antennae but not the cheeks, lemon-yellow ; mandibles testaceous ; tegulae and epiteguljE y ello wish- white ; legs mostly black with the front coxae, trochanters, femora and tibiae, except above, the sutures of middle coxae and trochanters, apex of middle femora and the base of middle and hind tibice, rufo-testaceous ; wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown ; abdomen, except the first dorsal segment and base of second, polished and impunctate ; the first segment is longitudinally aciculated except a smooth longitudinal median space towards its base, while the second segment is aciculate from the basal oblique furrows, smooth and polished beyond. Type.— Cut. No. 5676, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 22 (Fur Seal Commission). One specimen. Genus Phaenosemus Forster. PHy^NOSEMUS SITKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 mm. Polished black, the face distinctly, although somewhat sparsely, punctate ; the upper margin of the facial elevation, mandibles, palpi, scape, tegulae, apices of cox£e, the trochanters, knees and ventral fold yellow ; remainder of legs brownish-yellow except the coxae which are black, the hind femora which are brown- black, the middle and front femora basally and the terminal joints of the tarsi which are fuscous or duskey. The abdomen has the dorsal sutures 2, 3 and 4 yellowish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the closing vein of the areolet being pallid or subhyaline. The 232 ASHMEAD metathorax is smooth but areolated, the lateral longitudinal carinas being distinct from the spiracles, the pleural and two middle carinas also distinct. The abdomen, except the first and second dorsal seg- ments which are finely sculptured, is smooth and shining ; the dorsal carinse of the first segment extend almost to the apex of the segment. Type. — Cat. No. 5677, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, July 16. One specimen. Genus Stenomaerus Forster. STENOM^RUS BOREALIS Ashmead. Stenomcerus borealis Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Islands, iv, p. 338, 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 4040, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Bering Island (Dr. L. Stejneger) ; Popof Island, Muir Inlet and Kukak Bay (Har- riman Expedition) ; St. Paul Island and Unga Island (Fur Seal Com- mission). Genus Camarotops Forster. CAMAROTOPS KODIAKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 2.5 mm. Polished black, the face very sparsely microscopically punctate, the first dorsal segment of abdomen and the second segment except at apical third, strongly, irregularly, longitu- dinally aciculated ; extreme superior margin of the frontal elevation testaceous ; palpi and tegulae white ; mandibles testaceous ; legs clear reddish-brown, the hind femora much swollen. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Antennae 24-jointed, brown, becoming black toward apex. Type. — Cat. No. 5678, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak. One specimen. Neuroteles a?nericana^ JV. liriodendri and Blephoctonus Jlavosus^ are erroneously placed by Davis in this genus ; they belong in the genera in which they were originially placed. Tribe EXOCHINI. Genus Triclistus Forster. TRICLISTUS CURVATOR (Fabricius). Ichneumon curvator¥\BKic\vs, Ent. Syst., p. 179, 1775. Exochiis curvator Gravenhorst, Ichn. Eur., 11, p. 335, 1829. — Stephens, Illustr. , VII, p. 265, 1828-46. — Holmgren, Svensk. Akad. Handl., p. 317, 1855. ? Exochiis fiilvipes Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iii, p. 285, 1864. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 213, 1887. f Exochus curvator DA.VIS, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 213, 1897. From Popof Island, July 8. HYMENOPTERA 233 Genus Metacoelus Forster. METACCELUS L^VIS (Cresson). Exochus lavis Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iii, p. 286, 1864. — Walsh, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., ill, p. 93, 1873. — Cresson, Syn. Hym, N. Am., p. 213, 1887. Metaccelus lavis Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxiv, p. 214, 1897. — Ash- mead, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 579, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Berg Bay, June 10; Popof Island, July 10, 12; Sitka, June 16; Virgin Bay, June 26 ; and Yakutat, June 26. A common species. Subfamily OPHIONIN.^. Tribe OPHIONINI. Genus Ophion Gravenhorst. OPHION BILINEATUM Say. Ophion bilineatiis Say, Maclurian Lye. Arts and Sci., i, p. 75, 1828. — Say, Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., i, p. 248, 1835. — Leconte's Ed. Say's Works, I, p, 378, 1855. — Norton, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., i, p. .358, 1863. — Provancher, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 351, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 200, 1887. — Ashmead, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 580, 1900. From Sitka, June 16. Two females. Genus Enicospilus Curtis. ENICOSPILUS PURGATUS (Say). Ophion piirgatiis Say, Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., i, p. 239, 1835. — Emmons, Nat. Hist. New York, v. — Norton, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., i, p. 358, 1863. — Provancher, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 351, 1883. — Cres- son, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 200, 1887. Ophion lateralis LEPELETiES.Hist. Natur. Hym., iv, p. 141, 1846. Enicospihis purgatus Ashmead, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 580, 1900. From Fox Point, July 28. One female. Tribe ANOMALINI. Genus Atrometus Forster. ATROMETUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 11 mm. Reddish-brow^n ; occiput, a large spot on vertex enclosing the ocelli, prosternum and sides of pronotum, meso- sternum and a streak on the mesopleura beneath the wings, meta- sternum and the suture at base of the metanotum, the depression across base of mesoscutellum, the antennae, except scape beneath, two last dorsal abdominal segments, and the hind legs, except the apex of the 234 ASHMEAD first tarsal joint and joints 2, 3 and 4, black (rarely reddish-brown with tips of tibiae fuscous or black as in male) ; orbits, face below an- lennge, cheeks, mandibles, scape beneath, lemon-yellow ; the apex of joint I and joints 2 to 4 of hind tarsi yellowish- white ; palpi and tegulae white ; front and middle legs reddish-yellow ; wings hyaline, irides- cent, the costae and internal veins brown, the stigma yellowish. Male. — Agrees well with the female, except in the usual sexual diffei'ences in the antennae and abdomen, and in having the hind legs, except the tips of tibiae and the tarsal joints yellowish-white, not black but reddish-brown, while the front and middle coxae and trochanters are yellowish-white. A single male supposed to be a variety of this species, agrees fairly well with the normal form, except that the temples and the thorax, except the mesonotum and the scutellum are wholly black. Type. — Cat. No. 5679, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16; Muir Inlet, June 11 ; Virgin Bay, June 26; Yakutat, June 21 ; and Kukak Bay, July 4. Tribe CAMPOPLIGINI. Genus Campoplex Gravenhorst. CAMPOPLEX LATICINCTUS Cresson. Campoplex laticinctus Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iv, p. 283, ?, 1865. — Provancher, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 362, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 202, 1887. Ca7npoplex fiigripes Provancher, Le Nat. Can., vi, p. 145, 1874. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Kukak Bay, July 4; Pribilof Islands, July 12 ; Virgin Bay, July 20. A common species, found throughout the Northern States, New York, White mountains in New Hampshire, Maine, Colorado, Kansas and Canada. Genus Zachresta Forster. ZACHRESTA POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 7.5 mm. Black, coriaceous, the depressions at sides of the prothorax and the disk of the mesopleura lineated ; the mandibles and the legs, except the front and middle coxae above, the hind coxae entirely, first joint of their trochanters and the apex of the hind tibiae and tarsi which are black, are red ; the hind tibial spurs and annuli at base of tarsal joints i to 3 are, however, white ; palpi and tegula; yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown- black ; the areolet is petiolate, receiving the second recurrent nervure a little beyond its middle. Metathorax rather short, its posterior face HYMENOPTERA 235 sharply oblique but with a small transverse quadrate basal area, the areola and petiolar areas being confluent and forming one large area ; spiracles long-oval. Type. — Cat. No. 56S0, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10. One specimen. ZACHRESTA KUKAKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 8 mm. Black, closely and distinctly punctate; mandibles ferruginous ; palpi fuscous ; tegulae black ; the legs, except a pale yellowish spot on front coxae and trochanters, and the front femora beneath, their tibiae entirely and the middle tibiae, which are rufous, are black ; the front and middle tarsi are dark fuscous, except narrowly at the sutures of the joints. Wings nearly hyaline, the stigma and veins dark brown, the areolet petiolate, receiving the second recur- rent nervure at the middle. Metathorax very short, obliquely sloping off from immediately back of the scutellum, without a basal area and without carinas, except the pleural carinas below the spiracles ; spiracles long-oval. Type. — Cat. No. 5681, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. Genus Phaedroctonus Forster. PH^DROCTONUS MINUTUS sp. nov. ' Female. — Length 3.5 mm. Black, opaque and very finely sha- greened ; scape and pedicel beneath., mandibles, palpi, tegulse, front and middle coxae and trochanters, the sutures and second joint of hind trochanters, an annulus at base of hind tibicE and a broad band at their middle, and tibial spurs, yellowish-white ; the hind legs otherwise black, the front and middle legs, except as noted, reddish-yellow ; abdomen black, with the venter, hypopygium and the terminal dorsal segment, honey-yellow^. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet entirely absent, the marginal cell being very broad, the first abscissa of the radius being nearly two thirds the length of the second. Type. — Cat. No. 5682, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 9. One specimen. Genus Olesicampa Forster. OLESICAMPA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 7 to 7.5 mm. Black, closely punctate, and clothed with a glittering white pubescence, that on the face rather dense. Scape beneath, two spots on clypeus nearly confluent anteriorly. 236 ASHMEAD mandibles, tegulas, front coxje beneath and at apex, their trochanters, and the apex of the first joint and the second joint entirely of middle trochanters, pale yellowish or yellowish-white ; palpi white ; coxae and first joint of middle and hind trochanters, except as noted, black; rest of legs rufous. Wings hyaline, the costs blackish, the stigma and internal veins brown, the areolet small, very oblique and longly petiolate, the second recurrent nervure being interstitial with its apex. The abdomen is black, with the apex of the second dorsal segment, seg- ments 3, 4 and 5 entirely, and the venter, except the last segment, rufous. Type. — Cat. No. 5683, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Juneau, June 25. One specimen. Genus Hypothereutes Forster. HYFOTHEREUTES ANNULIPES sp. nov. Female. — Length 7 mm. ; ovipositor less than one third the length of the abdomen. Black, opaque, finely coriaceous ; mandibles, protho- racic scale, and the legs, except tips of hind femora, their tibiae and tarsi rufous , tips of hind femora, their tibiae, except a broad median annulus or a long spot outwardly which is white, and tarsi black ; palpi and tegulffi yellowish-white. Wings subhyaline, the stigma and veins brown-black, the areolet minute, petiolate. Metathorax incompletely areolated, the carin^e remaining poorly defined, but with the areola and petiolar area complete. Type.— Cat. No. 56S4, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, July 21 ; Kukak Bay, July 4. Two specimens. Genus Ischnoscopus Forster. ISCHNOSCOPUS YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 6.5 mm. Black, very finely, closely punctate, the metathorax completely areolated ; mandibles and legs, except coxae, rufous; palpi, tegulse and epiteguls yellowish-white ; abdomen black, with the venter pale yellowish, dorsal segments 2 and 3 at apex rufous, the rufous on the third obliquely broadened laterally towards base, dorsal segment 4 and beyond, rufous at the sides. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown-black, the areolet not small, subpetiolate, receiving the second recurrent nervure a little before its middle. Male. — Length 6 mm. Agrees well with the female, except that dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 5 at apex are rufous, and the rufous along the sides of segments 3 to 5 extend clear to the base. Type. — Cat. No. 5685, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. Two specimens. HYMENOPTERA 237 Genus Limnerium Ashmead. LIMNERIUM YAKUTATENSE sp. nov. Female. — Length 6 mm. Black, finely opaquely shagreened, mandibles, labrum and legs, except coxae and the first joint of hind tro- chanters, rufous ; palpi and tegulse yellowish, the epitegulae white. Abdomen black, with the ventral segments more or less banded or spotted with white, the dorsal segments laterally moi-e or less rufous or spotted with rufous, the third segment also with a rufous band at apex, usually narrowed medially and even sometimes interrupted medially. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown black, the areolet rather large, petiolate receiving the second recurrent nervure before its middle. Male. — Very similar to female except that the rufous spots on the sides of dorsal abdominal segments 3 and 4 are usually extended above and unite to form a band at apex of the segments ; otherwise it is practically identical with the female. Type.—(Z?X. No. 56S6, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. Many specimens. This species, in color, imitates Ischnoscopus yakutatensis and could be easily confused with it. Genus Ameloctonus Forster. AMELOCTONUS POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 5 mm. Black, opaque, finely coriaceous ; man- dibles, palpi, tegulae, epitegulae, apices of front coxae, their trochanters and the middle trochanters, yellowish-white ; coxae and first joint of hind trochanters black ; extreme tips of hind tibicE and their tarsi fuscous ; remainder of legs ferruginous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet sessile, receiving the second recurrent nervure beyond its middle. Metathorax areolated, the areola elongate, narrowed and open behind. Type. — Cat. No. 5687, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10. Tribe PANISCINI. Genus Paniscus Gravenhorst. PANISCUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 10 mm. Head yellow, with purplish-brown eyes, and very much as in Paniscus geminatus Say, except that the ocelli are not placed on a black spot, and the lateral ocelli do not quite touch 238 ASHMEAD the eye margin, as in that species. The thorax and abdomen are pale honey-yellow ; a stripe on sides of prosternum, the lateral margins of the mesonotum, and a stripe on the parapsidal furrows behind, are yel- lowish-white ; the apical transverse carina is indicated only laterally, being wholly obliterated medially, the surface of the metanotum before it being very finely, transversely aciculate, behind it polished and im- punctate. Wings hyaline, the venation as in P. geminatus,^ the costal vein and the stigma yellow, the subcostal vein and the internal veins being brown or brown black. External claspers similar to those in P. geniinatus but slightly narrower. Type.— Cat. No. 56S8, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. Five specimens. Tribe ME SO CHOP INI. Genus Mesochorus Gravenhorst. The three species belonging to this genus, found in Alaska, may be tabulated as follows : 1 . Polished black. All coxae and legs pale yellowish or reddish-yellow 2. All coxae mostly black, the front and middle coxEe usually pale at apex. Legs honey-yellow, the apical two thirds of hind femora and the tips of their tibiae fuscous ; cheeks, clypeus anteriorly and the extreme apex of second dorsal segment of abdomen pale yellowish. Female. K. kincaidi. 2. Face, clypeus, cheeks and lower part of temples yellowish-white. Prothorax pale yellowish ; abdomen black, with the apex of the second dorsal segment connected with a triangular median spot, a median line on the third and continued on to the fourth, pale j'ellowish. Male M. orccB. Prothorax, except its sternum, black; abdomen black, with the venter and second dorsal suture white. Male M. frofifalis. MESOCHORUS KINCAIDI sp. nov. Female. — Length 3 mm. Polished black ; cheeks, anterior margin of the clypeus and the mandibles flavo-testaceous ; pedicel and flagel- lum brown, the latter darker towards apex; palpi, tegulas, ventral fold, the narrow membranous margins of dorsal abdominal segments I and 2, and the extreme apex of dorsal segment 2 yellowish-white; legs, except the middle and hind coxae, apex of hind tibi«, and tips of the joints of hind tarsi honey-yellow ; middle and hind coxae black, the HYMENOPTERA 239 hind femora dusky, tips of hind tibi® and tarsi fuscous. Wings hya- line, the stigma and veins brown. Antennaa 32-jointed, the first joint of the flagelhim the longest, nearly as long as joints 2 and 3 united. Type. — Cat. No. 56S9, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. MESOCHORUS ORC^E sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 mm. Polished black except as follows : The face below the antennae, clypeus, cheeks, mandibles, scape and pedicel, prothorax, a band on the mesopleura below., front coxae and trochan- ters, middle trochanters, ventral fold, the apex of the second dorsal abdominal segment connected with a triangular median spot and a median stripe on dorsal segments 3 and 4, pale yellowish or yellowish- white ; legs, except as noted, reddish-yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma yellowish-white, the costs and internal veins brown. Type. — Cat. No. 5690, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Orca, June 27. Two specimens. MESOCHORUS FRONTALIS Ashmead. Mesockorus frontalis AsnwEKD, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Isl. , iv, p. 336, (^, 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 4037, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Bering Island (Mr. Barrett-Hamilton) ; Pribilof Isla^nds (Fur Seal Commission). Tribe PORIZONINI. Genus Isurgus Forster. ISURGUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.8 mm. ; ovipositor longer than the abdomen. Black; mandibles and legs, except the coxae, more or less of the tro- chanters and the hind legs almost entirely, rufous ; hind legs sometimes wholly rufous. Head, except cheeks and temples, opaque, finely coriaceous ; thorax, except the parapsidal furrows and a quadrate depressed space on the mesonotum posteriorly, which are coriaceous and opaque, shining, the metathorax short and shining, although feebly wrinkled, the apical transverse carina distinct and connected with two close parallel carinae on the middle of the metanotum. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Abdomen longly petiolate, the body compressed, smooth and shining. Type. — Cat. No. 5691, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 9, 12. Two specimens. 240 ASHMEAD Tribe PLECTISCINL Catastenus Forster. CATASTENUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.5 to 4 mm. ; ovipositor not longer than the peti- ole. Polished black, except the metathorax which is "wrinkled and completely areolated, the first and second segments of the abdomen which are coriaceous and opaque and the third segment at base which is feebly sculptured ; palpi yellowish ; legs, except hind coxae, rufous, the hind femora more or less dusky ; abdomen with the apex of the second dorsal segment, the third entirely and the apex of the fourth, testaceous or yellowish ; sometimes the apex of the fifth segment is yellowish. The antennae are 22-jointed, brown, and slightly and gradually thickened toward apex. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Male. — Agrees well with the female, except that the antennas are 24-jointed, filiform and brown-black, the middle and hind coxae are black, the hind femora brown-black, their tibias and tarsi subfuscous. while the abdomen has the apices of the segments yellow. Tyfe. — Cat. No. 5692, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, July 10, 17. CATASTENUS TRIFASCIATUS Ashmead. Catastentis trifasciatus Ashmead, Fur Seals and Fur Seal Isl., iv, p. 336, 1899. Type. — Cat. No. 4038, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Bering Island (Dr. L. Stejneger) ; St. Paul Island (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Plectiscus Gravenhorst. PLECTISCUS ORC^ sp. nov. Female. — Length 3 mm. Polished black ; clypeus, scape and pedicel beneath, the ring-joint, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, prosternum, the lower margin of the prothorax, legs entirely, the ventral fold, and the apices of dorsal abdominal segments 2 and 3 and base of third narrowly, pale yellowish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. Antennae 21- jointed, the flagellum brown. Metathorax with a strong transverse carina and with lateral carinas, the areola oblong-quadrate. Abdomen, except the petiole and the second segment at base, highly polished, impunctate, the petiole more than thrice longer than thick, opaque and strongly coriaceous, the second segment at base feebly sculptured. HYMENOPTERA 24I Type. — Cat. No. 5731, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Orca, June 27. One specimen. Family ALYSIID^. Subfamily ALTSIIN^^. Tribe ALTSIINI. Genus Alysia Latreille. ALYSIA MANDUCATOR (Panzer). Ichneumon iiiaiiducafor Panzer, Fn. Ins. Germ., vi, p. 72, PI. 4, 1799. — Thunberg, Bull. Acad. Sc, St. Petersburg, viii, 1822. — Thunberg, Mem. Acad. Sc, St. Petersburg, ix, p. 346, 1824. — Cuvier, Regne animal. Ed. 3*, Ins., li, PI. 112, f. 9, 1849. Bassus 7nanduLafor Va^zkk, Krit. Rev., 11, p. 75, 1806. — Nees, Mag. Ges., Berlin, p. 202, 18 14. Alysia stercoraria Latreille, Hist. Nat., xiii, p. 177, 1805. — Lamarck, Hist. Nat. Anim. s. vert. Ed., 2^ iv, p. 357, 1835. Bracon mandtica/or ]\j-R.itiK, ^ouv. Meth. Hym., p. 118, $, 1807. — Trente- POHN, Isis, p. 960, 1829. Cechenus vianducator Illiger, in Rossi's Faun. Etrusca, Ed. 2% 11, p. 54, 1807. — Illiger, Magaz. f. Insectenk., vi, p. 15, 1809. Alysia manducaio?- Latreille, Gen. Crust, et Ins., iv, p. 15, 1809. — Lepe- LETIER, Encycl. Meth., x, p. 432, 1825. — Curtis, Brit. Ent., iii, p. 141, 1826. — BONXHE, Naturg. d. Forstins, p. 147, 1834. — Haliday, Ent. Mag., I, p. 265, 1833 ; idcvi, v, p. 220, ^ S' > 1838 , PI. F, f. i and 28. — Zetterstedt, Ins. Lappon., i,p.4oi, 1838. — Blanchard, Hist. Nat. Ins., Ill, p. 345, 1840. — Westwood, Intro. Mod. Classif. Ins., 11, Synop., p. 65, 1840. — Curtis, Farm. Ins., p. 144. — Guerin, Iconogr. regn. anim., p. 411, 1845. — Ruthe, Stettin, ent. Zeitg., xx, p. 319, 1859. — Forster, Verb, naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl., xix, p. 265, 1862. — Vollenhoven, Pinacogr., p. 23 ; PI. 15, f. 2, $, f. 3, ^T, 1876. — Marshall, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 508; PI. 11, f. 4, 9. 1894. — Marshall, in Andre's Spec. Hym. Eur., v, p. 376, 1894. — Thomson, Opus. Ent. Fasc, 20, p. 2295, 9 (^, 1895. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., iv, p. 47, 1898. Alysia fossula/a Provancher, Add. Fn. Hym., p. 391, 9, 1888. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym.„iv, p. 45, 1898. From Belkofski, July 22. This common European species is parasitic in the larvae of various Diptera. In Europe it has been bred from Lucilia ccesar L., Cyrto- neara stabulans Fall., and Hydrotcea dentipes Fabr. Genus Anarcha Forster. ANARCHA COXALIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3 mm. Polished black; mandibles, except teeth, scape beneath, and the legs, except cox^, rufo-testaceous ; front coxae basally and the middle and hind coxEe black ; tips of hind tibiae and their tarsi subfuscous ; palpi, ring-joint of antennae and tegulaj pale yellowish. Wings hyaline, the large stigma and the veins brown. Antennae very long, 43-jointed. Metathorax opaque, rugulose and 242 ASHMEAD areolated. Abdomen, except the first segment, polished black impunc- tate, the first segment longitudinally striate. Type. — Cat. No. 5693, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16. One specimen. Tribe ALLCEINI. Genus Delocarpa Forster. DELOCARPA SITKENSIS sp. nov. Fe7nale. — Length 2 mm. Polished black, the first segment of the abdomen, and the second towards base reddish-brown ; mandibles red ; legs rufo-testaceous, the femora and hind tibicE toward apex and their tarsi dusky. Antennae 17-jointed, the scape and pedicel brown, the flagellum black, the joints delicately fluted ; the first joint of the fla- gellum is obconical, about thrice as long as thick, the following to the ninth are oblong but imperceptibly become shorter and shorter, those beyond to the last being quadrate or nearly so, scarcely longer than thick. Wings hyaline, the long linear stigma and the internal veins being light brown or brownish-yellow. Metathorax rather coarsely rugulose. Abdomen polished, impunctate, except the first segment which is longitudinally striate. Type. — Cat. No. 5694, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka, June 16. One specimen. Subfamily DACNUSINy^. Genus Rhizarcha Forster. RHIZARCHA HARRINGTONI sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 mm. Head and thorax black, shining; scape, pedicel, abdomen except petiole, and the legs brownish-yellow, the dorsal abdominal segments with a fuscous tinge at the sutures, the hind tarsi and sheaths of the ovipositor fuscous ; palpi whitish. Wings hyaline, the narrow stigma and the veins brown. Antennje about 40- jointed, the flagellum black, the joints cylindrical, clothed with a short, rather dense pubescence. Mesonotum with a long median grooved line posteriorly. Metathorax rugulose, clothed with a rather dense yellowish pubescence. Abdomen, except as noted, brownish-yellow, polished, impunctate, the first segment black, rugulose. Type. — Cat. No. 5695, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Juneau, July 25. One specimen. Genus Gyrocampa Forster. GYROCAMPA ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Lenght 2 mm. ; ovipositor not longer than the first joint of hind tarsi. Polished black; mandibles red ; tegulse and legs, ex- HYMENOPTERA 243 cept as noted, dark rufous, the middle and hind coxae black or fuscous, the trochanters, base of tibias and tarsi honey-yellow. Wings hyaline, the linear stigma and the internal veins brown. Antennae 24-jointed, the scape and pedicel black, the ring-joint yellow, the flagellum brown- black. The mesonotum has a median grooved line posteriorly just in front of the scutellum ; the scutellum has a transverse crenate furrow across its base ; the mesopleura have a crenate fovea on their disk ; the metathorax is coarsely rugose and rather densely pubescent, while the abdomen, except the first segment which is finely rugulose and pubes- cent, is smooth and polished. Type. — Cat. No. 5696, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 22 (Fur Seal Commission). Genus Liposcia Forster. LIPOSCIA DUBIOSA sp. nov. (PI. XI, fig. I.; Male. — Length i .5 mm. Polished black ; mandibles reddish ; palpi white; tegulae and legs, except the hind tibiae and tarsi, brownish- yellow ; the hind tibiae, except an annulus at base, and the tarsi fuscous. Wings hyaline, the very narrow lanceolate stigma and the veins being brown. Antennas long, 27-jointed, black, with the scape beneath and an annulus at the base of the first joint of the flagellum yellow. Mesonotum with a short median grooved line posteriorly, the fovea at base of scutellum divided into two divisions by a delicate median carina, the mesopleura with a smooth discal fovea a little behind the middle, while the metathorax is feebly wrinkled posteriorly and at sides but smooth and shining at base above. Abdomen, except the first segment, smooth and shining, the first segment rugulose and carinate. Type. — Cat. No. 5697, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Unalaska. One specimen. Family BRACONID^. Subfamily APHIDIIN^^. Genus Praon Haliday. PRAON ALASKENSIS sp. nov. (PI. XI, fig. 3.) Male. — Length 2 mm. Polished black ; mandibles testaceous ; palpi and annulus at base of flagellum. yellowish-white ; legs rufo-testa- 244 ASHMEAD ceous, the front coxae and trochanters beneath yellowish, the middle coxae basallyand the hind coxae blackish. Antennae 35-jointed, longer than the body, the joints of the flagellum about thrice as long as thick. Thorax with distinct parapsidal furrows, the metathorax feebly aluta- ceous but shining, the pleural carinae indistinctly defined, the median carina wanting, the spiracles small and round. Wings hyaline, the costal vein, basal nervure and parastigma piceous black, the stigma and internal veins brown. The abdomen, except the first segments, is smooth, shining and impunctate ; the first segment is a little longer than wide, shorter than the second, finely rugulose, especially towards base, and has distinct lateral carinas. Type.— Ca.t. No. 5698, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 16 (Fur Seal Commission). Two specimens. Genus Aphidius Nees. TABLE OF SPECIES. 1. Males 4. 2. Females. Antennae less than 19-jointed 3. Antennae 19-jointed. Head and thorax black; mandibles and tegulse pale yellowish; legs brownish-yellow; abdomen rufo-piceous, polished, the petiole black, finely rugulose A. glacialis. 3. Antennae i6-jointed, the last joint very long, as long as joints 14 and 15 united. Black; abdomen with its tip and the second dorsal segment at apex yel- lowish; legs black or piceous black, the sutures of trochanters, ex- treme tips of femora, an annulus at base of tibiae and mandibles, honey-yellow; antennae black, the first joint of flagellum not quite as long as the second, joints 13 to 15 about 1% times as long as thick. A . frigidus. Antennae 15-jointed, the last joint shorter than joints 13 and 14 united. Black; abdomen with the second and third dorsal segments rufo-pice- ous (rarely wholly black) ; legs brownish-yellow or flavo-testaceous, the hind coxae blackish; mandibles and first four joints of antennae yellowish or testaceous ; first five joints of flagellum elongate, nearly six times as long as thick; joint 14 not quite twice as long as thick. A. fatiloisis. HYMENOPTERA 245 4. AntennjE 21-jointed, or less 5. AntennjE 32-jointed. Black; abdomen with the second dorsal segment rufo-piceous at apex; mandibles rufo-piceous ; palpi fuscous ; metanotum smooth, without a median carina, the apical transverse carina alone present. A. frofinquus. 5. Antennae iS-jointed 6. Antenna3 3 1 -jointed. Black; mandibles reddish; palpi blackish; metanotum smooth but with a median carina; legs mostly black, with an annulus at base of tibiae and their extreme apices usually honey-yellow or testaceous. A. frigidus. 6. Black ; abdomen with the apex of the petiole and sometimes more or less of the second segment rufo-testaceous, more yellowish in the sutures ; femora and tibiae above, and especially the middle hind pairs, fuscous, the coxae black or rufo-piceous ; metonotum short, with a diamond-shaped areola A. paulensts. APHIDIUS PROPINQUUS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.3 mm. Polished black; mandibles reddish; palpi fuscous ; legs, except a reddish piceous tinge at the sutures of joints, entirely black ; abdomen, except a reddish or rufo-piceous band at apex of the second dorsal segment black. Antennae 22-jointed, the joints of the flagellum delicately fluted and not more than twice longer than thick. Metanotum smooth with only the apical transverse carina present. Wings hyaline, veins brown, stigma yellowish or pale within. Type. — Cat. No. 5699, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Is- land, August 8, 20 (Fur Seal Commission). Two specimens. APHIDIUS GLACIALIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 2.8 mm. Head and thorax black, smooth and shining ; abdomen, except the first segment dark rufous or rufo- piceous ; mandibles, mouth parts, annulus at base of flagellum, tegulse, and the front coxee and trochanters, pale yellowish ; remainder of legs brownish-yellow, the basal joint of the middle tarsi scarcely longer than joints 2 and 3 united, the basal joint of hind tarsi nearly as long as all the other joints united. The antennas are 19-jointed, black, shorter than the body, the third joint being about four times as long as thick. Abdomen rufo-piceous, smooth and shining, except the first segment which is black, finely rugulose and fully thrice as long as thick. Type, — Cat. No. 5700? U. S. Nat. Museum. From Juneau, July 215. One specimen. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May, 1902. 246 ASHMEAD APHIDIUS FRIGIDUS sp. nov. (PI. XI, fig. 4.) Female. — Length 3.5 mm. Polished black; abdomen with its apex or the sutures of the two apical segments and the apex of the second dorsal segments testaceous or yellowish, or sometimes the second and third segments testaceous ; mandibles, tips of palpial joints, sutures of trochanters, knees and an annulus at base of flagellum, honey-yellow or yellowish. Wings hyaline, the stigma pale within, the outer mar- gins and the internal veins brown. The antennae are i6-jointed and hardly two thirds the length of the body, the first three joints of the flagellum are subequal, a little more than thrice longer than thick. Metathorax smooth and areolated, the median carina being distinct. Abdomen elongate lanceolate, com- pressed and pointed towaixls apex, smooth and polished, except the first segment which is finely rugulose, nearly four times as long as thick and with the spiracles placed before the middle. Male. — Differs principally in having the antennse 21 -jointed, the joints of the flagellum being much shorter, the first three joints hardly thrice as long as thick, while the abdomen is shorter, compressed from the apex of the second segment and nearly always entirely black. Type. — Cat. No. 5701, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 8 to 20 (Fur Seal Commission). Many specimens. APHIDIUS PAULENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 1.6 to 2 mm. Polished black; mandibles red- dish ; palpi and tegul^ whitish ; first four joints of the antennge and the legs brownish-yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma lanceolate, pal- lid, the outer and internal veins brownish. The antennae are 15-jointed, brown-black from the fifth joint; the first three joints are about four times as long as thick, the following to the last, shorter, the last joint being shorter than joints 13 and 14 united. Thorax with the parapsidal furrows incomplete, only vaguely defined anteriorly, the metathorax short with a diamond-shaped areola. Abdomen depressed, petiolated and terminating in a distinct ovipositor, which is longer than the basal joint of the hind tarsi ; the petiole is more than thrice longer than thick and finely wrinkled. Male. — Differs in having the antennae i8-jointed, black, except an annulus at base of the third joint, and in having the legs, except the sutures of trochanters, and the femora and tibiae especially of the front and middle legs, beneath., which are rufo-testaceous, all black. HYMENOPTERA 247 Type. — Cat. No. 5702, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 15 to 20 (Fur Seal Commission). Nine specimens. Subfamily HELCONIN^^. Tribe DIOSPILINI. Genus Dyscoletes Westwood. DYSCOLETES ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3.2 mm. Polished black; mandibles, except teeth, and the legs, except front coxae and hind tibiae and tarsi, pale ferrugi- nous; palpi, teguljE and front coxae yellowish; hind tibiae, except an annulus at base, and their tarsi fuscous, the tips of the tarsal joints yellowish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown. The antennae are 33-jointed, very long, much longer than the body and, except the scape beneath which is more or less piceous, black. Thorax with the parapsidal furrows distinct anteriorly and terminating in a finely punctate depression before the base of the scutellum ; the metathorax is shining but finely wrinkled and tricarinate — a median and two lateral carinae. The abdomen is subcompressed at apex, polished black, the ventral fold testaceous, the first segment feebly wrinkled, especially laterally beyond the spiracles, which are rather large and placed before the middle, and with a delicate median carina on its apical portion. 7ype. — Cat. No. 5703, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. Subfamily CHELONINv^. Genus Chelonus Jurine. CHELONUS IRIDESCENS Cresson. Chelonus iridescens Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iv, p. 294, 1865. — Pro- VANCHER, Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 532, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 225, 1887. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Kukak Bay, July 4. Two specimens. Occurs also in Canada, Colo- rado, New Mexico and elsewhere in the United States. Subfamily MICR OGAS TERIN^^E. Genus Protapanteles Ashmead. PROTAPANTELES ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male and Female. — Length 3 mm. Black, smooth and impunctate ; mandibles rufous ; palpi pale yellowish ; legs, except coxje and as here- 248 ASHMEAD after noted, honey-yellow, the coxae black, the apices of hind femora and their tarsi fuscous or subfuscous, the tibial spurs and the first joint of hind tarsi at base, yellowish-white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins except the subcostal, median and submedian veins basally, brown. The abdomen, except the membranous lateral margins of the first dorsal segment and a large translucent or semitranslucent spot on the second ventral segment, is black and shining ; the plate of the first segment is long, narrow, and slightly narrowed towards apex ; the second segment is shorter than the third, has two oblique furrows and its surface is feebly alutaceous, especially along the furrows. Male. — Differs from the female principally in the color of the legs. The hind femora, base of middle femora and the apical half of the hind tibia and their tarsi are fuscous ; otherwise, except in the sexual abdominal differences, it is scarcely separable from the female. Type. — Cat. No. 5704, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Virgin Bay, June 26 ; Farragut Bay, June 5 ; Yakutat, June 21. PROTAPANTELES GLACIALIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 2.1 mm. Black; face and thorax above very finely punctulate, sericeous ; palpi beneath yellowish, above fuscous ; legs mostly black, the front trochanters beneath, their femora beneath and at apex, their tibiae wholly, and their tarsi beneath, apices of middle femora, bases of their tibiae, and the knees of hind legs, honey-yellow, or testaceous. Wings hyaline, the stigma and stigmal vein brown, the internal and basal veins pallid. The abdomen, except the lateral mem- branous margins of segments i and 2 which are brown, is black and shining ; the plate of the first segment is oblong, nearly the same width throughout, alutaceous and subopaque ; while the second segment is shorter than the third, has two oblique furrows aad is finely aciculate. Type. — Cat. No. 5705, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Muir Inlet, June 12. One specimen. PROTAPANTELES ALTICOLA sp. nov. Male a?id Fe7nale. — Length 2.6 to 3 mm. Black; mandibles ferruginous; palpi yellowish; legs, except the hind coxas and last joint of tarsi, ferruginous, the hind coxas black, the last joint of tarsi fuscous ; sometimes there is a dusky or fuscous streak on the middle and hind femora above. Wings hyaline, the tegulae yellowish, the stigma and veins brown. Head and thorax smooth or nearly so, at most with some sparse, microscopic punctures, the face with a median ridge, the HYMENOPTERA 249 metathorax alutaceous, without trace of carinas. The abdomen is much compressed towards apex, black and shining, with the lateral mem- branous margins of the first segment yellowish ; the plate of the first segment is long, narrowed towards apex, fully thrice as long as wide at base ; the second segment is shorter than the third, with two oblique furrows, the plate formed by the furrows being trapezoidal in outline and very delicately aciculate. Male, — Differs from female in being longer and with longer an- tennae, in having the apical half of the hind tibias and their tarsi fus- cous, and in having the lateral margins of the first and second segments, and the third suture, yellowish. Type. — Cat. No. 5706, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island, August 16 (Fur Seal Commission). Four specimens. Genus Apanteles Forster. APANTELES YAKUTATENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.5 mm. Black; mandibles, except at base and the teeth, rufous; palpi yellowish; legs, except coxae, first joint of trochanters, apices of hind femora, and their tarsi ferruginous ; coxae and first joint of trochanters black ; apices of hind femora and their tarsi fuscous ; middle and front tarsi above subfuscous. Wings hya- line, the stigma and apices of the costae dark brown, the internal veins paler, the costal veins toward base yellowish, the tegulae piceous black. The head above is polished, impunctate, the face sparsely but dis- tinctly punctate ; thorax above, except a space laterally above and in front of the tegulee, closely punctate ; the scutellum is smooth or nearly so ; the mesopleura on disk above and beyond the median impression are smooth and highly polished but anteriorly and below the middle they are finely punctate ; while the metathorax is rather coarsely rugose, the median carina being almost entirely obliterated. The abdomen, except the first and the second segments which are rugulose, is smooth and polished ; the third dorsal segment is somewhat shorter than the second. Type. — Cat. No. 5707, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat, June 21. Two specimens. Genus Microplitis Forster. MICROPLITIS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 3.6 mm. Black, closely punctate; palpi yellow, with the basal joints black ; legs ferruginous, with all coxae and tro- 250 ASHMEAD chanters black, except the second joint of trochanters, base of middle and hind femora, extreme apex of hind tibise and their tarsi ; tegulae piceous black. Wings hyaline, the costse to near apex, a spot at base of stigma and most of the internal veins brownish-yellow, the apices of the costal veins, stigma and post-stigmal vein dark brown. Metathorax coarsely rugose, the pleural carinas strongly elevated, the median carina distinct. The abdomen, except the first segment which is rugulose, and the second segment which is feebly alutaceous, with a broad median swelling, is smooth and polished. Type. — Cat. No. 5708, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Juneau, July 25. One specimen. Subfamily ICHNEUTIN^^, Genus Ichneutes Nees. ICHNEUTES REUNITOR Nees. Ichneutes reunitor Nees, Mag. Ges. naturf. Fr. Berlin, vii, p. 276 ; Tom. 7, f. 5, 181 3. — Wesmael, Nouv. Mem. Acad. Sc. Bruxelles, xi, p. 156, 1838. — Blanchard, Hist. Nat. Inst., iii, p. 335, 1840. — Westwood, Intro. Mod. Class. Ins., 11, Synop.,p. 63, 1840. — Ratzburg, Ichn. d. Forstins., iii, p. 69, 1852. — Forster, Verb. Naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl. XIX, p. 255, 1862. — Marshall, Ent. Mo. Mag., xii, p. 195, 1876. — Marshall, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 183, 1889. — Marshall, in Andre's Spec. Hym. Eur., v, p. 211, 1893. — Thomson, Opus. Ent. Fasc, 20, p. 2214, 1895. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., iv, p. 88, 1898 From Popof Island, July 11. Two specimens. Parasitic in the larvae of saw-flies, belonging to the family Nema- tidse, and is widely distributed over Europe from the Arctic Circle to the Mediterranean. Here first recorded from North America. ICHNEUTES POPOFENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 3 mm. Black, shining, and clothed with a sparse, glittering white pubescence ; mandibles rufous, black basally ; palpi and the legs, except the coxse and the middle and hind trochanters which are black, pale ferruginous. The antennae are 27-jointed, as long as the body, slender toward tips, the third joint the longest, not quite as long as joints 4 and 5 united, joint 8 and joints beyond, a little more than twice longer than thick. Wings hyaline, the costae, outer margins of parastigma and the stigma, brown black, the stigma within and the internal veins brown- ish-yellow ; the first abscissa of the radius is hardly developed, not crger than the very short, second transverse cubitus, and leaving the ccond cubital cell sub sessile. The metathorax is coarsely rugulose, HYMENOPTERA 25 1 without an areola. The abdomen is elongate, the first segment long and narrowed towards base, shagreened, with a longitudinal median elevation, the dorsal carinae only distinct basally, the second segment, except very feebly in the basal depressions, and the following segments being smooth and impunctate. Type. — Cat. No. 5709, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 9. One specimen. ICHNEUTES ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Male. — Length 4 mm. Resembles /. popof ensis but the palpi are subfuscous, the antennte shorter, 24-jointed, the legs darker, the middle femora basally, the hind femora, their tibife, except basally and beneath, and their tarsi being black or dark fuscous, the first. abscissa of the radius is distinct, half the length of the first transverse cubitus, while the first and second abdominal segments are coarsely rugulose, the first segment being broad and having the dorsal carinae distinct to at least the middle. Type. — Cat. No. 5710, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 1 1 . One specimen. Subfamily OPIIN^^. Genus Desmiostoma Forster. DESMIOSTOMA KUKAKENSE sp. nov. Female. — Length 3 mm. ; ovipositor very short, subexserted, the sheaths black. Polished black, impunctate; clypeus and mandibles rufous ; palpi, pedicel narrowly at apex, tegulas, and the legs, except the hind coxae, pale brownish-yellow, the hind coxae basally and pos- teriorly blackish. Wings hyaline, the lanceolate stigma and the veins light brownish. The antennae are longer than the body ; the mesonotum has an elongate, median, crenate fovea posteriorly just in front of the scu- tellum, the parapsidal furrows not being defined except far anteriorly on the slope where they are deep and crenate ; the scutellum has a transverse crenate furrow across its base ; while the metathorax is rugulose without carinjE. Wings with the venation normal, the sub- median cell longer than the median, the first recurrent nervure being almost interstitial with the first transverse cubitus, while the second cubital cell is elongate, the second abscissa of the radius being some- what more than twice the length of the first. Abdomen long oval, 252 ASHMEAD smooth and impunctate, except the first segment which is longitudi- nally striate. Male. — Differs from female in having the antennee longer, a faint median carina on the metathorax and in having the hind coxae yellowr, not black. Type. — Cat. No. 571 1, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4; Seldovia, July 21. Subfamily BRACONINy^. Tribe BRACONINI. Genus Macrodyctium Ashmead. MACRODYCTIUM POLITUM sp. nov. Female. — Length 3 mm. ; ovipositor scarcely one third the length ' of the abdomen. Polished black, impunctate, except the second ab- dominal segment which has some longitudinal aciculations at its basal middle ; mandibles rufous ; palpi fuscous ; second joint of trochanters, apical third of front femora and their tibiae, and the middle and hind tibise basally honey-yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the tegulae black. Type. — Cat. No. 5712, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay, July 4. One specimen. Subfamily RHOGADIN^^. Tribe EXOTHECUS. Genus Exothecus Wesmael. EXOTHECUS ALASKENSIS sp. nov. Female. — Length 2 mm. ; ovipositor less than half the length of the abdomen. Polished black, impunctate, except the collar and the metathorax which are finely rugulose, opaque, and the first segment of abdomen which is longitudinally striate ; remainder of abdomen smooth and shining, black, except dorsal segments 2 and 3 which, in certain lights, have a rufopiceous tinge ; the palpi and a minute an- nulus at base of first joint of the flagellum ai^e white or yellowish- white ; tegulae and legs brownish-yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma lanceolate, pallid within, its outer margins and the internal veins be- ing light brownish. Type. — Cat. No. 5713, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, July 10. HYMENOPTERA 253 Tribe RHOGADINII. Genus Rhogas Nees. RHOGAS HARRIMANI sp. nov. Male. — Length 7 mm. Black ; an annulus at base of first joint of flagellum, the second dorsal abdominal segment, except narrowly at apex, and the legs, except the apices of hind femora, apical third of their tibiae and their tarsi, ferruginous ; palpi yellowish. The antennae are longer than the body ; the first joint of the flagel- lum is the longest, the following joints subequal, all being longer than thick. The head and thorax are finely coriaceous and also punctate, the transverse depression on the pronotum with short elevated linea- tions, the parapsidal furrows distinct, the mesopleura with a large shining spot at the middle and posteriorly, the metathorax rugulose with distinct pleural and median carinas, while the metapleura, except at margins, are highly polished. The abdomen is fully as long as the head and the thorax united, with dorsal segments 1 and 2 and base of 3, rugulose, the remainder of the third and the following segments being smooth and shining; segments i and 2 have also a longitudinal carina down the center. Wings hyaline, or at most only faintly tinged, the costal veins at apex and the stigma being brown-black, the internal veins light brown, the parastigma and costal and median veins toward their base being yellow ; the second cubital cell is oblong and fully twice as long as the first abscissa of the radius, while the submedian cell is very much longer than the median. Type. — Cat. No. 5714, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Fox Point, July 8. One specimen. Suborder II. PHYTOPHAGA Latreille. Superfamily IX. SIRICOIDEA Ashmead. Family SIRICID^. Genus Sirex Linne. SIREX FLAVICORNIS Fabricius. Sirex flavicornis YK'&Kicm^, Spec. Insect., i, p. 418, 1781. — Fabricius, Mant. Insect., i, p. 257, 1787. — Gmelin, Linne, Syst. Nat. Ed. 13*, i, p. 2672, 1790. — Fahricius, Ent. Syst., 11, p. 126, 1793. — Fabricius, Syst. Piez., p. 49, 1804. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 385, 1894. — KONOW, Wien. ent. Zeitg., xvii, pp. 75-76, 1898. Trefnex flavicornis Lepeletier, Encycl. Meth. Ins., x, p. 228, 1825. Urocerus flavicornis Provancher, Nat. Canad., x, p. 228, 1878. — Provan- CHER, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 239, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 173, 1887. — Harrington, Tr. Roy. Soc. Canada, pp. 138, 146, 1893. 254 ASHMEAD From Yukon River; Nushagak River, August 14, 1882 (McKay) ; Wrangell (H. F. Wickham). This species is widely distributed over British Columbia, Canada and the United States. A single specimen was taken at Kluchefski, Kamchatka, in 1897, ^Y ^^- L" Stejneger. Superfamily X. TENTHREDINOIDEA Ashmead. Family LYDID.E. Genus Itycorsia Konow. ITYCORSIA MARGINIVENTRIS (Cresson). Lyda margi7tiventris Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, viii, p. 29, 1880. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 170, 1887. Pamphilius marginiventris Kirby, List Hym. Brit. Mus., i, p. 345, 1882. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 433, 1894. Lyda crediia Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 344, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Sitka. Genus Cephaleia Jurine. CEPHALEIA NIGROPECTA (Cresson). Lyda nigropectus Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, viii, p. 32, 1880. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 171, 1887. Pamphilius nigropectus Kirby, List Hym., Brit. Mus., I, p. 347, 1882. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 435, 1894. f CcEtionydiis nigropectus Konow, An. K. K. Hofmus. Wien., xii, p. 254, 1897. Cephaleia nigropectus Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 344, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Sitka. Genus Bactroceros Konow. BACTROCEROS SITKENSIS Kincaid. Bactroceros sitkensis Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 344, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5280, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka. BACTROCEROS PALACHEI sp. nov. Cephaleia sp. Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 344, 1900. JPemale. — Length 1 1 mm. Head rufous with a blackish spot on middle of vertex enclosing the ocelli and extending as a narrow line back to the occiput ; antennae broken off after the third joint, the three joints remaining rufous ; the clypeus, the cheeks, the mandibles, a short line along the inner margins of the lateral lobes of vertex, a broader line extending from summit of eyes backwards to the occiput, and a short line below it just back of the eyes, yellowish- white ; su- HYMENOPTERA 255 tures of gula black ; palpi whitish with the last two joints of the maxillary palpi fuscous. Thorax black, with a spot at apex of scu- tellum, the upper hind angles of prothorax, the tegulas, and a spot just in front of the insertion of front coxje, yellowish- white ; legs, ex- cept the extreme base of coxae which is black, and the apex of the hind tibiae and more or less of their tarsi which are reddish, ivory- white. Wings hyaline, with a very faint indistinct fuscous band across the disk below the stigma, the stigma, the costal, intercostal, lower branch of the subcostal, median and anal veins, yellow, rest of the veins brown. Abdomen reddish, with the first two segments, ex- cept medially, and the terminal ventral segment blackish. Type. — Cat. No. 5741, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kodiak, July 5 (C. Palache, collector). Family SELANDRIID^. Subfamily BLENNOCAMPIN^T:. Genus Fenusa Leach. FENUSA ALASKANA Kincaid. Fenusa alaskmia Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 345, 1900. Type.—QdX. No. 5281, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay. Genus Erythraspides Ashmead. ERYTHRASPIDES ASHMEADII Kincaid. Erythraspides asJwieadii Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 346, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5282, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka. Genus Monophadnus Hartig. MONOPHADNUS INSULARIS Kincaid. Monophadnus insu/aris Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 346, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 52S3, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Metlakatla. Subfamily SELANDRIIN^^. Paraselandria Ashmead. PARASELANDRIA RUFIGASTRA Kincaid. Paraselandria rufigastra Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 346, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5284,1). S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay. 256 ASHMEAD Genus Poecilostomidea Ashmead. PCECILOSTOMIDEA MACULATA (Norton). Harpiphorus maculatus Norton, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., viii, p. 157, 1861.— Provancher, Add. Fn. Can. Hym., p. 348, 1888. — Harring- ton, Ins. Life, 11, pp. 227-228, 1890. Emphytus maculatus Va\.^\, Prairie Farmer, May, 1867. — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, i, p. 232, 1867. — Riley, Am. Ent., i, pp. 90-91, fig. 76, 1869. — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, iv, p. 80, 1872. — Saunders, Fourth Rep. Ontario Ent. Soc, p. 18, 1873-74. — Riley, Ninth Rep. Ins. Missouri, pp. 28-29, fig. 10, 1877. — Thomas, Seventh Rep. Ins. lUinois, p. Ill, 1877-78. — Provancher, Nat. Can., x, p. 69, 1878. — Fuller, Amer. Entom., iii, p. 109, fig. 36, 1880. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 195, 1883. — Thomas, Tenth Rep. Ins. IlHnois, p. 68, 1883-84.— Forbes, Fourteenth Rep. Ins. Illinois, p. -]-], 1884-85. Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 160, 1887. P(ecilosto7nidea maculatus Ashmead, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 606, 1900. — KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 346, 1900. From Sitka, Yakutat, Virgin Bay. Family NEMATID^. Subfamily NEMATINy^. Genus Pachynematus Konow^. PACHYNEMATUS OCREATUS (Harrington). Nematus ocreatus Harrington, Can. Ent., xxi, p. 25, 1889. Pachynematus ocreatus Marlatt, Techn. Sen, No. 3, U. S. Dept. Agric, p. 95, 1896. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 347, 1900. Co-type. — Cat. No. 3488, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka. PACHYNEMATUS AFFINIS Marlatt. Pachynematus affinis Marlatt, Techn. Ser., No. 3, U. S. Dept. Agric, p. 97, 9(5^, 1896. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 347, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 1943, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PACHYNEMATUS ORONUS Kincaid. Pachynematus oronus Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 347, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5285, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat Bay. PACHYNEMATUS PLEURICUS (Norton). Nematus pleuricus Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, I, p. 208, ?, 1867. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 159, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., I, p. 251, 1894. Pachytiematus pleuricus Marlatt, Techn. Ser., No. 3, U. S. Dept. Agric, p. 100, 1896. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 348, 1900. HYMENOPTERA 257 lype. — Cat. No. 52S6, U. S. Nat. Museum (male). From Ku- kak Bay. PACHYNEMATUS ORARIUS Kincaid. Pachynematus orariits Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 348, $, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5287, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay; Sitka. PACHYNEMATUS GOTARUS Kincaid. Pachyneinatus gofarus Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 348, cP, 1900. lype. — Cat. No. 52SS, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. Genus Nematus Jurine. NEMATUS LONGICORNIS Eschscholtz. Nematus longicornis Eschschlotz, Entomogr., p. 95, 1822. — Eschscholtz, Natunv. Abh. Dorpat, i, p. 149, 1843. — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, I, p. 202, 1867. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 158, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., 11, p. 235, 1894. From Unalaska. NEMATUS CRASSUS Eschscholtz. Nematus crassus Eschscholtz, Entomogr., p. 93, 1822. — Eschscholtz, Naturw. Abh. Dorpat, i, p. 149, 1825. — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, I, p. 213, 1867. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 158, 1887. From Unalaska. Genus Pristiphora Latreille. PRISTIPHORA ORTINGA Kincaid. Pristiphora ortinga Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 349, 9. 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5290, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay. PRISTIPHORA ANAKA Kincaid. Pristiphora anaka Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 350, 9. 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5291, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay. PRESTIPHORA CIRCULARIS Kincaid. Prestiphora circularis Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 350, 9. 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5292, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PRISTIPHORA BUCODA Kincaid. Pristiphora bucoda Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 350, 9. 1900. lype. — Cat. No. 5289, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Berg Bay; Sitka. 258 ASHMEAD PRISTIPHORA KCEBELEI Marlatt. Pristiphora kcebelci Marlatt, Bull. No. 3, Tech. Ser. U. S. Dept. Agric, p. 119, 9. 1896. — KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 351, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. i960, U. S. Nat. Museum, From State of Wash- ington ; Alaska ; Kukak Bay. PRISTIPHORA LENA Kincaid. Pristiphora lena KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 351, cT, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5293, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka. Genus Euura Newman. EUURA INSULARIS Kincaid. Euura insularis Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 352, $(5^, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5302, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. Genus Pontania Costa. PONTANIA TUNDRA Kincaid. Pontania tundra Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., li, p. 352, 9cf, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5296, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PONTANIA POPOFIANA Kincaid. Pontaitia popofiana Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., p. 353, $c^, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5294, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PONTANIA UNGA Kincaid. Pontania unga Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 354, ?, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5298, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PONTANIA ORA Kincaid. Pontania ora Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 354, ?, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5297, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PONTANIA PENINSULARIS Kincaid. Pontania peninsularis Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 354, $, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5301, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay. PONTANIA ISLANDICA Kincaid. Pontania islandica Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 355, $, 1900. 1 ype. — Cat. No. 5299, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. HYMENOPTERA 259 PONTANIA GLINKA Kincaid. Pontania glittka Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 355, $(^, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5295, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PONTANIA KUKAKIANA Kincaid. Pontania kukakiatia Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 356, $, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5300, U, S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay. Genus Pteronus Jurine. PTERONUS SHUMAGENSIS Kincaid. Pteronus shiimagoisis Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 357, $, 1900, Type. — Cat. No. 5303, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. PTERONUS ZEBRATUS Kincaid. Pterontcs zebratus Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 357, $, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5305, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Yakutat. PTERONUS RIVULARIS Kincaid. Pteronus rivularis Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 358, c?. 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5304, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Sitka. Genus Amauronematus Konow. AMAURONEMATUS ISOLATUS Kincaid. Amauronematus isolatus Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 358, $, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5306, U. S. Nat. Museum. From St. Paul Island. Family TENTHREDINID^. Subfamily DOLERIN^^. Genus Dolerus Jurine. DOLERUS APRILIS (Norton). Dosytheus aprilis Norton, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., viil, p. 151, $cf, 1861. — Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iv, p. 243, 1865. — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, i, p. 236, 1867. — Provancher, Nat. Canad., X, p. 71, 1878. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 197, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 161, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., I, p. 3, 1894. — AsHMEAD, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 609, 1900. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 359, 1900. From Orca, Virgin Bay, Yakutat, Kukak Bay. 26o ASHMEAD DOLERUS ELDERI Kincaid. Dolems elderi Ki'SCAin, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., ii, p. 359, '^(^, 1900. 7ype. — Cat. No. 5307, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, Kukak Bay. DOLERUS SERICEUS Say. Dolerus sericetis Say, Keatings Narrat. Exp., 11, App., p. 320, ^^, 1824. — Leconte, Ed. Say., 11, p. 214, 1859. — Norton, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., VIII, p. 154, 1 86 1. — Provancher, Natur. Canad., x, p. 71, 1878. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 197, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 161, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 17, 1894. — Arteman, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 609, 1900. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 359, 1900. From Yakutat, Berg Bay, Sitka, Virgin Bay, Kodiak. DOLERUS SIMILIS (Norton). Dosythetis similis Norton, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., viii, p, 153, $, 1861. — Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, i, p. 238, 1867. — Provancher, Nat. Can., x, p. 72, 1878. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 198, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 161, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 171, 1894. — Ashmead, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 609, 1900. From Yukon River. Subfamily STR ONG TL O GASTERIN^^. Genus Emphytus Klug. EMPHYTUS ANGUSTUS Kincaid. Emphytus angustus Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 360, ^, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 530S, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Kukak Bay. Subfamily TENTHREDININy^. Genus Pachyprotasis Hartig. PACHYPROTASIS NIGROFASCIATA (Eschscholtz). Tenthredoiigrofasciala Y-Scnscno'LTZ, Entomogr.,p. 96, 1822. — Eschscholtz, Naturw. Abh. Dorpat, i, p. 148, 1823. — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, II, p. 241, 1869. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 168, 1887. Emphyfus? nigrofasciatus Kikby, List Hym. Brit. Mus., I, p. 204, 1882. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 119, 1894. Macrophya {Pachyprotasis) omega Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, i, p. 280, ?d', 1867. Pachyprotasis omegaV^ov K'^CYi'E.^, Nat. Can., x, p. 108, 1878. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 210, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 166, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 43, 1894. Pachyprotasis ttigrofasciata KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 360, 1900. From Unalaska, Popof Island, Unga, Virgin Bay. HYMENOPTERA 26l Genus Macrophya Dahlbom. MACROPHYA OREGONA Cresson. Macrophya oregona Ck'E&so's, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, viii, p. 19, 9. 1880. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 166, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., I, p. 55, 1894. — KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., li, p. 361, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Seldovia. Genus Tenthredo Linne. TENTHREDO AURARIA Konow. Tenthredo atiraria KoNOW, Ent. Nachr., xxv, p. 154, $, 1899. From Wrangell. TENTHREDO FERRUGINEIPES Cresson. Tenthredo ferruginetpes CKKSSO'ii, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, viri, p. 22, 9i 1880. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 168, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat, Hym., I, p. 91, 1894. — KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 361, ?C?, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Sitka, Virgin Bay, Seldovia, Kodiak, Kukak Bay, Popof Island. TENTHREDO VARIPICTA Norton. Tenthredo ^mripicta'^O'R.TO^ , Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, li, p. 234, 9i 1868. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 169, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., I, p. 106, 1894. — KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 11, p. 361, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Fox Point, Berg Bay, Sitka, Yakutat, Seldovia, Kodiak, Kukak Bay, Popof Island. TENTHREDO EVANSII (Harrington). Tenthredopsis Evansii Harrington, Can. Ent., xxi, p. 98, 1889. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 30, 1894. Tenthredo Evansii Ki'HCAi'D, Proc Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 362, $(j^, 1900. Type in collection of W. H. Harrington, Ottawa, Canada. From Sitka, Yakutat, Kodiak, Virgin Bay. TENTHREDO LINEATA Provancher. Tenthredo lineata Provancher, Natural. Can., x, p. 198, 9, 1878. — Cres- son, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, viii, p. 43, 1880. — Provancher, Fn. ent. Can. Hym., p. 224, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 168, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 95, 1894. — Ashmead, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 612, 1900. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 362, 1900. Type in Parliament Building, Qiiebec, Canada. From Sitka, Virgin Bay, Gustavus Point, Seldovia. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., May, 1902. 262 ASHMEAD TENTHREDO FLAVOMARGINIS (Norton). Allantus flavomarginis Norton, Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vil, p. 254, 9, i860. Tenthredo flavomarginis Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 11, p, 238, 1869. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 168, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., I, p. 93, 1894. — AsHMEAD, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 611, 1900. — KiNCAiD, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 362, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Berg Bay, Yakutat, Seldovia. TENTHREDO NIGRICOLLIS Kirby. Tenthredo nigricollis Kirby, List Hym. Brit. Mus., i, p. 308, $, pi. 12, f. 3, 1882. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 168, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 99, 1894. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 362, 1900. f Tenthredo seniicomis Harrington, Can. Ent., xxi, p. 98, cf, 1889. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 104, 1894. Type in British Museum. From Sitka, Seldovia, Kukak Bay. TENTHREDO ERYTHROMERA Provancher. Tenthredo erythromera Provancher, Add. Fn. du Can. Hym., p. 13, 9. 1885. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 168, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., I, p. 90, 1894. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 363, 1900. Type in Parliament Building, Qiiebec, Canada. From Sitka, Met- lakatla, Muir Inlet, Seldovia, Kukak Bay, Yakutat, Kodiak. TENTHREDO MELANOSOMA Harrington. Tenthredo nielanosonia Harrington, Can. Ent., xxvi, p. 194, $, 1894. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 363, 1900. Type in collection of W. H. Harrington, Ottaw^a, Canada. From Wrangell, Sitka, Seldovia, Yakutat, Kodiak. TENTHREDO HARRIMANI Kincaid. Tetithredo harrtjnani K.i'HCAl'D, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 363, 9> 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5310, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. TENTHREDO DISSIMULANS Kincaid. Tenthredo dissiinulansKi^iCAiT), Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 363, 9(5*, 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5312, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island, Kukak Bay. TENTHREDO BIVITTATA Kincaid. Tenthredo bivittata Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 364, 9. 1900. Type. — Cat. No. 531 1, U. S. Nat. Museum. From Popof Island. HYMENOPTERA 263 Genus AUantus Jurine. ALLANTUS HERACLEI Kincaid. Allantus heracleiKl'SCXiT), Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p. 364/1900. Type. — Cat. No. 5309, U. S. Nat. Museum.^ From Popof Island. Family CIMBICID^. Subfamily CIMBICIN^^, Genus Cimbex Olivier. CIMBEX AMERICANA Leach. Tenthredo femorata Abbot {tiec Linne), Drawings Ins. of Georgia, xii, pi. 61, 9. 1792. Cimbex A ;nen'cana Lkach, Zool. Miscell., iii, p. 104, (J', 1817. — Lepeletier, Monogr. Tenthred., p. 33, 1823. — Harris, Treat. Ins. Inj. Veg. Mass., p. 374, 1841. — Norton, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., i, pp. 201-202, 1862, — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, i, p. 40, 9d^. 1867. — Provancher, Natural Can., x, p. 16, f. 2, 1878. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 177, f. 28, 1883. — Riley, Rep. Agri. Dept., pp. 334-336, pi. 5, f. i»-\ 1884. — MiNOT, Arch. Mikr. Anat., xviii, p. 37 ff., pi. 7, 1886. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 177, 1887. — Webster, Ins. Life, II, pp. 228-230, f. 45, 1890. — Packard, Rep. U. S. Ent. Comm., v, p. 584, f. 194, 1890. — TowNSEND, Can. Ent., xxiv, p. 126, 1892. — Aldrich, Can. Ent., xxiv, p. 144, 1892. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 369, 1894. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 11, p, 365, 1900. From Kodiak. Genus Trichiosoma Leach. TRICHIOSOMA TRIANGULUM Kirby. Irichiosonia trimigiilum Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer., iv, p. 254, 1837. — Norton, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., in, p. 5, 1864. — Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, I, p. 43, 9c?, 1867. — Bethune, Can. Ent., viii, p. 158, 1875. — Provancher, Natural Can., x, p. 17, 1878. — Provancher, Fn. ent. du Can. Hym., p. 177, 1883. — Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 156, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 365, 1894. — Ashmead, Smith's Ins. New Jersey, p. 612, 1900. Type in British Museum. From Nushagak River (Chas. W. Mc- Kay). TRICHIOSOMA ALEUTIANUM Cresson. Trichiosoma aleiitianum Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, viii, p. i, 9, i88o- Trichiosoma triangiihim var. aleutianum Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. Am., p. 156, 1887. — Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym., i, p. 366, 1894. — Kincaid, Proc. Wash, Acad. Sci., 11, p. 365, 1900. Type in collection of the American Entomological Society. From Aleutian Islands, Kukak Bay, Kodiak, Popof Island. PLATE IX. Fig. I. Psitkyrus kodt'akcnsis Ksh\n. $. 2. Tetrarhapta alaskensis Ashm. 9 ■ 3. Terobia vulgaris Ashm. 9 • 4. Automalus 7i{gropilosiis Ashm. $ . 5. Exolytus clyfeatns Ashm. 9 • 6. Plectocryptus yakattitensis h-^^ww. 9- The black hair-line at the side or beneath the figures represents the natural length of the specimen. (264) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. iv. Plate IX. 'L.Lf/.w,AU./,i>l ALASKA HYMENOPTERA. PLATE X. Fig. I. BatJiymetis si7nilliina Kshm. $. 2. Harrtmaniella yakutafe)isis Kshra. $ 3. Trevoria yakutatensis Ashm. 4. Hyposyutactiis Jfavtfi'Otis Ashm. $ . 5. Dallatorrea armata Ashm. $ . 6. Pimplopterus alaskensis Ashm. J . (266) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate X. /. / )L'.Ai^J d.i 5 ALASKA HYMENOPTERA. PLATE XI. Fig. I. Liposcta dubiosa K&hm. $. 2. Synoplus brevipennis Ashm. 9 . 3. Praon alaskensis Ashm. $ . 4. Aphidtus frigidiis Ashm. 9 . (268) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate X I , L Li/o^,^tU,idti. ALASKA HYMENOPTERA. INDEX Note. — New genera and species in black face type. Aclastus Forster 1S7 rufipes 187 Aclista Forster 139 californica Ashm. 139 Acrolyta Forster 1S6 aciculata 1S6 karlukensis 1S6 ^noplex Forster 188 rufipes 1 88 Algina Forster iSS alaskensis 188 Allantus Jurine 263 heraclei Kincaid 263 Alloeini, Tribe 242 Allotriinae, Subfam. 142 Alloxjsta Forster 142 alaskensis 142 Aljsia Latreille 241 manducator Panzer 241 Aljsiidse, Fam. 241 Alysiini, Tribe 241 Amauronematus Konow 259 isolatus Kincaid 259 Ameloctonus Forster 237 popofensis 237 Anarcha Forster 241 coxalis 241 Andi-ena Latreille 131 frigida Smith 131 Andrenidie, Fam. 131 Anomalini, Tribe 233 Apanteles Forster 249 yakutatensis 249 AphidiiniE, Subfam. 243 Aphidius Nees 244 frigidus 246 glacialis 245 paulensis 246 propinquus 245 Apoidea, Superfam. I 123 Arachnophila Ashmead 134 septentrionalis Kincaid 134 Asjnocrita Forster 163 species 163 Atmetus Forster 231 insnlaris Ashincad 231 Atractodes Graven horst 169 yakutatensis 169 Atroinetiis Forster 233 alaskensis 233 Automalus Wesmael 148 nigropilosus 148 Bachia Forster 185 nigra Ashmead 1S5 Bactroceros Konow 254] palachei 254 sitkensis Kincaid 254 Bassini, Tribe 224 Bassus Gravenhorst 224 pulchripes Provancher 224 Bathjmetis Forster 173 bicolor 182 confusa iSo imitator 177 nigricornis 177 quadriceps iSi rubrocincta 178 simillima 179 simulans 178 simulator 181 ungse I So Belvtidie, Fam. 137 Bioblapsis Forster 224 tricincta 224 Blennocampinre, Subfam. 255 Blepharipus Lepeletier 132 ater Cresson 132 Bombid^e, Fam. 123 Bombus Latreille 123 alaskensis 128 californicus Smith 124 couperi Cresson 126 dimidiatus 129 frigidus Smith 126 gelidus Cresson 127 juxtus Cresson 127 khica id ii Coc\iQre.\\ 127 mckayi 125 melanopjgus Nylander 128 mixtuosus 128 moderatus Cresson 123 nearticus Handlirsch 127 neglectulus 124 nevaticnsis Cresson 124 oregonensis Cresson 126 pleuralis Nylander 127 polaris Curtis 127 proxinnis Cresson 124 pru/icllce Cockerel! 129 269 270 INDEX Bombus Latreille — continued sitkensis Njlander 126 sylvicola Kirbj 127 Braconidae, Fam. 243 BraconiniE, Subfam. 252 Braconini, Tribe 252 Calliphrurus Fdrster 218 affinis 221 alaskensis 220 clypeatus 220 confusus 223 frigidus 222 glacialis 222 kukakensis 222 minor 221 perplexus 222 popofensis 221 Camaratops Fdrster 232 kodiakensis 232 Campoplex Gravenhorst 234 laticinctus Cresson 234 Campopligini, Tribe 234 Catastenus Fdrster 240 alaskensis 240 trifasciatus Ashmead 240 Centeterus Wesmael 161 dorsator 161 Cephaleia Jurine 254 nigropecta Cresson 254 Ceraphronidae, Fam. 140 Chalcidoidea, Superfam. VII 143 Cheloninje, Subfam. 247 Chelonus Jurine 247 iridescens Cresson 247 Chrjsidre, Fam. 135 Cimbex Olivier 263 americana Leach 263 Cimbicidse, Fam. 263 Cljtochrysus Morawitz 132 gracillissimus Packard 132 Cosmoconus Forster 215 canadensis Provancher 215 Crabronidse, Fam. 131 Crabronin^e, Subfam. 131 Cratichneumon Thomson'156 alaskensis 157 conlusus 158 kodiakensis 157 popofensis 159 yakutatensis 157 Crjptinre, Subfam. 162 Cryptini, Tribe 193 Cryptoideus Ashmead 193 sitkensis 193 Cteniscini, Tribe 210 Cteniscus Haliday 210 clypeatus Cresson 211 nigrof emoralis 2 1 1 Ctenopelmini, Tribe 212 Cubocephalus Ratzeburg 202 alaskensis 203 Cubocephalus Ratzeburg — continued atrocoxalis 203 nigricomis 203 Cynipoidea, Superfam. VI 141 Dacnusinae, Subfam. 242] Dallatorrea 205 armata 205 Deleter Forster 229 flavifrons 229 kincaidi 229 Delocarpa Forster 242 sitkensis 242 Desmiostoma Fdrster 251 kukakense 251 Diaborus Fdrster 212 citrifrons 212 sexmaculatus 212 Diapriidae, Fam. 140 Diospilini, Tribe 247 Dolerinae, Subfam. 259 Dolerus Jurine 259 aprilis Norton 259 elderi Kincaid 260 sericeus Say 260 similis Norton 260 Dolichocrabro Ashmead 133 wickhami 133 Dyscoletes Westwood 247 alaskensis 247 Echthrodoca Schmiedeknecht 1% cljrpearia 199 gelida Cresson 199 Ecl^^tus Holmgren 204 yakutatensis 204 Ectemnius Dahlbom 131 parvulus Packard 131 Elachistinae, Subfam. 147 Elachistus Spinola 147 glacialis 147 Emphytus Klug 260 , angustus Kincaid 26c Enicospilus Curtis 233 _ purgatus Say 233 Enizemum Forster 226 tibiale Cresson 226 Epiurus Fdrster 200 atrocoxalis 201 bicoloripes 201 Eriplatys Fdrster 162 sitkensis 162 - Erroinenus Holmgren 212 annulipes 212 Erythraspides Ashmead 255 ashmeadii Kincaid 255 Euccela Westwood 142 alaskensis 142 Eucoelinae, Subfam. 141 Eulophidae, Fam. 146 Eulophins, Subfam. 147 Eulophus Geoffroy 147 INDEX 271 Eulophus Geoffrov — continued kukakensis 147 Eumenidse, Fam. 134 Eutelus Walker 145 confusus 145 Euura Newman 25S insularis Kincaid 258 Exochini, Tribe 232 Exolytus Holmgren 163 alaskensis 167 clypeatus 168 insularis 168 kincaidi 167 niger Ashmead 166 perplexus 165 popofensis 166 rubrocinctus 169 sanctipauli i66 seldovias 168 ungae 167 ungensis 169 Exothecus Wesmael 252 alaskensis 252 Fenusa Leach 255 alaskana Kincaid 255 Figitidse, Fam. 141 Formica Linne 136 neorufibarbis Emery 136 Formicidse, Fam. 136 Formicoidea, Superfam. IV 135 Gausocentrus Forster 206 Gemophaga Forster 223 rufa 223 Glvpta Gravenhorst 201 kukakensis 201 popofensis 201 Gyrocampa Forster 242 alaskensis 242 Habromma Forster 188 nigrum 188 Harrimaniella Ashmead 198 kukakensis 198 Hedjlus Forster 185 crassicornis Ashmead 185 species 185 Helconinse, Subfam. 247 Ilemitelini, Tribe 1S6 Himertosoma Schmiedeknecht 194 schmiedeknechti 194 Holcostizus Forster 202 yukonensis Ashmead 202 Homotropus Forster 226 alaskensis 226 Hypocryptus Forster 206 . kodiakensis 208 popofensis 208 seldoviae 209 tibialis 209 variegatipes 20S Hypoleptus Forster 227 alaskens s 227 glacialis 228 Hyposyntactus 217 flavifrons 217 Hypothereutes Forster 236 annulipes 236 Ichneumon Linne 149 brevipennis Say 155 cervulus 153 glacialis 154 imitator 151 kincaidi 152 kodiakensis 153 popofensis 154 simulator 153 sitkensis 152 wilsoni Cresson 155 Ichneumonidte, Fam. 148 Ichneumonini, Tribe 148 Ichneumonoidea Superfam. VIII 148 Ichneutes Nees 250 alaskensis 251 popofensis 250 reunitor Nees 250 Ichneutinae, Subfam. 250 Ilapinastes Forster 190 incertus 190 Ischnoscopus Forster 236 yakutatensis 236 Isochresta Forster 190 unicincta 190 Isurgus Forster 239 alaskensis 239 Itycorsia Konow 254 marginiventris Cresson 254 Joppini, Tribe 148 Lampronota Haliday 195] lugubris Cresson 195 Lasius Fabricius 136 niger Linne 136 Leptothorax Mayr. 135 yankee kincaidi 135 Limnerium Ashmead 237 yakutatense 237 Liposcia Forster 243 dubiosa 243 Lissonota Gravenhorst 197 alaskensis 197 ruficoxis Schmiedeknecht 197 Lissonotini, Tribe 194 Lyda 254 marginiventris Cresson 254 nigropcctus Cresson 254 Lydida?, Fam. 254 Lygocerus Forster 14O alaskensis 140 Macrodyctium Ashmead 252 272 INDEX Macrodjctium Ashmead — continued politum 252 Macrophya Dahlbom 261 oregonaCresson 261 Megaspilinse, Subfam. 140 Melanichneumon Thomson 155 seldoviae 155 Mesochorini, Tribe 238 Mesochorus Graven horst 238 frontalis Ashmead 239 kincaidi 238 orcae 239 Mesoleius Holmgren 223 aleutianus Cresson 224 stejnegeri Ashmead 223 Mesoleptini, Tribe 204 Mesoleptus Gravenhorst 210 unalaskae 210 Metacoelus Forster 233 lajvis Cresson 233 Microcrjptus Thomson 184 alaskensis 1S4 trifasciatus 184 Microgasterince, Subfam. 247 Microplectron Forster 210 alaskensis 210 Microplitis Forster 249 alaskensis 249 Mimesa Shuckard 133 propinqua Kincaid 133 Miscogasteridse, Fam. 144 Monoblastus Hartig 213 niger 213 Monophadnus Hartig 255 insularis Kincaid 255 Myrmica Latreille 135 laevinoides Nylander 135 sabuleti lobifrons 135 sulcinoides Emery 135 Myrmicidffi, Fam. 135 Nematidre, Fam. 256 Nematinje, Subfam. 256 Nematus Jurine 257 crassus Eschscholtz 257 longicornis Eschscholtz 257 Neuroteles Ratzeburg 228 dubiosus 228 Odontomerus Gravenhorst 202 mellipes Say 202 Odynerus Latreille 134 albophaleratus Saussure 134 Olesicampa Forster 235 alaskensis 235 Omalus Panzer 135 sinuosus Say 135 Ophion Gravenhorst 233 bilineatum Say 233 Ophioninse, Subfam. 233 Ophionini, Tribe 233 Opiinse, Subfam. 251 Orthocentrini, Tribe 226 Orthocentrus Gravenhorst 231 nigritus 231 Pachynematus Konow 256 affinis Marlatt 256 gotarus Kincaid 257 ocreatus Harrington 256 orarius Kincaid 257 oronus Kincaid 256 pleuricus Norton 256 Pachyprotasis Hartig 260 nigrofasciata Eschscholtz 260 Paniscini, Tribe 237 Paniscus Gravenhorst 237 alaskensis 237 Paraselandria Ashmead 255 rufigastra Kincaid 255 Passalcecus Shuckard 133 cuspidatus Smith 133 Pemphredonidpe, Fam. 133 Pezomachini, Tribe 190 Pezomachus Gravenhorst 192 alaskensis Ashmead 193 nigrellus 192 obesus 193 Phaedroctonus FQrster 235 minutus 235 Phsenosemus Forster 231 sitkensis 231 Phreogenini, Tribe 161 Philonygus Forster 189 alaskensis 189 glacialis 189 Phthorina Forster 225 boreal is 225 Phygadeuonini, Tribe 170 Phytodietus Gravenhorst 195 clypearius 195 flavifrons 196 Phj'tophaga, Suborder 253 Pimpla Fabricius 200 yakutatensis 200 Pimplina;, Subfam. 194 Pimplini, Tribe 199 Pimplopterus Ashmead 197 alaskensis 198 yakutatensis 197 Platylabus Wesmael 160 californicus Cresson 161 incabus Davis 160 Plectiscini, Tribe 240 Plectiscus Gravenhorst 240 orcae 240 Plectocryptus Thomson 182 popofensis 183 yakutatensis 183 Plesiognathus Forster 184 rubrocinctus 184 Poecilostomidea Ashmead 256 maculata Norton 256 Polyblastus Forster 213 INDEX 273 Polyblastus Forster — continued glacialis 213 Poljterus Forster 217 sexcarinatus 217 Ponipilidre, Fam, 134 Pompilinie, Subfam 134 Pontania Costa 25S glinka Kincaid 259 islandica Kincaid 258 kukakiana Kincaid 259 era Kincaid 25S peninsularis Kincaid 25S popofiana Kincaid 258 tundra Kincaid 258 unga Kincaid 25S Porizonini, Tribe 239 Praon Haliday 243 alaskensi8 243 Pristipiiora Latreille 257 anaka Kincaid 257 bucoda Kincaid 257 circularis Kincaid 257 koebelei Marlatt 258 lena Kincaid 258 ortinga Kincaid 257 Probolus Wesmael 160 subdentatus 160 Proctotrvpes Latreille 136 nigripes 136 Proctotrypoidea, Superfam. V 136 Promethes Forster 224 unicinctus 224 Protapanteles Ashmead 247 alaskensis 247 alticola 24S glacialis 24S Psithyridae, Fam. 130 Psithyrus Lepeletier 130 insularis Smith 130 kodiakensis 130 Pteromalidje, Fam. 145 Pteronus Jurine 259 rivularis Kincaid 259 shumagensis Kincaid 259 zebratus Kincaid 259 Rhizarcha Forster 242 harringtoni 242 Rhogadinie, Subfam. 252 Rhogas Nees 252 harrimani 252 Rhyssa Holmgren 199 alaskensis 199 Scorpiorus Forster 214 alaskensis 214 niveicola 214 SelandriidiE, Fam. 255 Selandfiinae, Subfam. 255 Sirex Linn6 253 flavicornis Fabr. 253 Siricoidea, Superfam. IX 253 Spanoctecnus Forster 204 flavopictus 204 Sphecoidea, Superfam. II 131 Spilomicrus Westwood 140 alaskensis 140 Spinolia Forster 1S6 minuta 186 Stenichneumon Thomson I48 unalaskae 14S Stenomserus Forster 232 borealis 232 Stibeutes Forster 170 nigrita Ashmead 170 Stiboscopus Forster 170 alaskensis 171 ferrugineus 173 mandibularis 172 sanctipauli 171 sitkensis 172 solitarius 172 Stilpnini, Tribe 162 Strongylogasterinse, Subfam. 260 Sychnoportus Forster 216 longitarsis 216 Synoplus Forster 226 brevipennis 226 pleuralis 226 Tapinops Forster 230 californicus Ashmead 230 Tenthredinidje, Fam. 259 Tenthredininre, Subfam. 260 Tenthredinoidea, Superfam. X 254 Tenthredo Linn^ 261 auraria Konow 261 bivittata Kincaid 262 dissimulans Kincaid 262 erythromera Provancher 262 evansii Harrington 261 ferrugineipes Cresson 261 flavomarginis Norton 262 harrimani Kincaid 262 lineata Provancher 261 melanosoma Harrington 262 nigricollis Kirby 262 varipicta Norton 261 Terobia Forster 144 vulgaris 144 Tetrarhapta F"6rster 141 alaskensis 141 Tetrastichin?e, Subfam. 146 Tetrastichus Haliday 146 alaskensis 146 anthracinus 146 Thaumatotypus Forster 190 alaskensis Ashmead 190 Theroscopus Forster 191 kukakensis 191 popofensis 192 rufipes 191 Thestis Forster 187 274 INDEX Thestis Forster — continued tricincta 1S7 Thjreopinae, Subfam. 132 Thjreopus Latreille 132 vicinus Cresson 132 Tlemon Forster 216 delicatus 216 Torymidte, Fam. 143 Torymus Dalman 143 cecidomjiae Walker 143 Trematopygus Holmgren 215 kukakensis 215 Trevoria Ashmead 196 yakutatensis 196 Trichiosoma Leach 263 aleutianum Cresson 263 triangulum Leach 263 Triclistus Forster 232 curvator Fabricius 232 Tridjmin?e, Subfam. 144 Trophoctonus Forster 215 insularis 215 Trjphon Gravenhorst 215 alaskensis 215 Trjphoninse, Subfam. 204 Tryphonini, Tribe 215 Vespa Linnd 134 borealis Kirby 134 margin ata Kirby 134 Vespidje, Fam. 134 Vespoidea, Superfam. Ill 134 Xestophya Forster 162 nigripes 163 polita 162 Xoridini, Tribe 202 Xylonomus Gravenhorst 204 frigidus Cresson 204 Zachresta Forster 234 kukakensis 235 popofensis 234 Zelotypa Forster 137 alaskensis 139 borealis 138 scutellata 137 Zootrephes Forster 225 insularis 225 Zygota Forster 139 americana Ashmead 139 PROCEEDINGS OF THE WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. IV, pp. 275-292. [Plate XII.] June 20, 1902. PAPERS FROM THE HOPKINS STANFORD GALA- PAGOS EXPEDITION, 1898-1899. VIII. BRACHYURA AND MACRURA. By Mary J. Rathbun. Second Assistant Curator, Division of Marine Invertebrates, U. S. National Museum. This collection though small is full of interest, yielding nine new species, one of which is the type of a new genus and family. Of the remainder more than half are additions to the fauna of the Galapagos Islands. Suborder BRACHYURA. Family OCYPODID^. Ocypode gaudichaudii Milne Edwards and Lucas. Ocypode gaudichaudUyiiu^'E. Edwards and Lucas, d'Orbigny's Voy. TAmer. Merid., vi, pt. I, p. 26, 1843 ; ix, pi. xi, f. 4, 1847. Black Bight, Albemarle Island, January 9, i male, i female. Distribution. — Gulf of Fonseca to Valparaiso ; Chatham Island, Galapagos (^Albatross). UCA GALAPAGENSIS sp. nov. [(PI. XII, figs. I and 2.) Carapace very convex in both the antero-postcrior and transverse directions; H -shaped dorsal suture very shallow; sulcus behind the Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., June, 1902. (275) 276 RATHBUN orbit deeper; surface very finely granulate, and with small punctas rather distant from one another. Front very broadly rounded, its w^idth at base exceeding one third the distance between the anterior angles, and also exceeding the width of the eyebrow, or surface be- tween the orbit and the anterior margin of the carapace. Antero- lateral angles blunt, almost a right angle ; the width between them be- ing slightly less than the width of the carapace a little behind that point. Carapace broad behind, as compared with other species of the genus. Larger cheliped with merus and carpus elongate, outer surface rugose, inner margin tuberculous. Palm with outer surface densely tuberculous, the tubercles coarse above, diminishing from above down- wards ; surface bent over superiorly to almost a horizontal position, and with a sulcus subparallel to the superior margin. This margin is marked by a raised line of tubercles. The inner surface of the palm has a very prominent oblique ridge extending from the lower margin upward and backward to a point above the middle, then turning dis- tally until it joins a curved ridge which originates at the upper margin near the carpus ; the oblique ridge is marked by a line of tubercles. A double row of depressed tubercles at the base of the dactylus. Space between this row and the oblique ridge in part finely granulous. Pollex almost straight ; its prehensile tubercles in general increasing in size distally. Dactylus strongly curved, reaching when closed, be- yond and below the pollex ; only an occasional tubercle equaling those of the pollex. Outer surface of fingers finely granulate. Ambulatory legs with meral joints of first three pairs dilated, those of the third pair about two and a half times as long as wide, those of the last pair with subparallel margins. Remaining joints slender. Legs long-hairy. Dintensions. — Male, length 13.6 mm., anterior width 19.5, greatest width 19.8, width between posterior pair of legs 10, greatest posterior width (inferior) 16.5, length of propodus of large cheliped 35, length of dactylus 24.9, width of propodus 12. Type Locality. — Indefatigable Island, Galapagos, April 12, 18S8, U. S. Fish Commission steainer Albatross., 6 males (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 22319). Additional Localities. — Nine small specimens, 6 male and 3 female, were taken by the Hopkins Stanford Expedition at South Seymour Island, near Indefatigable Island. James Island, April 11, 1888, i male, Albatross. This species is readily distinguished by the very convex and smooth appearance of the carapace, the great width of the front, the character BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 277 of the inner surface of the pahn in the male, and in full-grown speci- mens the sulcus on the upper surface of the palm. UCA HELLERI sp. nov. (PI. XII, figs. 3 and 4.) A small species. Carapace moderately convex, depressions shallow. Surface microscopically granulate, and with more distant punctie. Front broad, but at base less than one third the width between the anterior angles; broadly rounded. Anterior margin sloping very abruptly backward from the front to the antero-lateral angles, scarcely sinuous. Antero-lateral angles prominent, rectangular; width of carapace greatest at these angles. Sides sloping strongly toward each other posteriorly ; moderately sinuous, the posterior width about two thirds of the anterior. The eyebrow is for the most part visible from above ; its width is about five times its length ; the greatest width is about one third the distance from the inner end. Lower margin of orbit also visible in a dorsal view. The merus and carpus of the large cheliped of the male are elongate ; the outer surface is crossed by short, transverse lines of very fine granules ; on the merus these cross the upper margin and extend a little way down the inner surface ; the lower margin of the merus is armed with sharp granules which increase in size distally, becoming tubercles towards the end ; two or three other rows of fine granules are close to the lower margin on the outer surface. The outer surface of the manus is covered with granules larger above and very fine on the outer surface, not distributed evenly, but somewhat reticulated, leaving small smooth patches. There is an irregular pit behind the union of the fingers. The upper margin has a distinct marginal tuber- culated line on its proximal half only ; on the distal half the outer sur- face rounds over to the inner. The inner surface has an oblique ridge extending at an angle of about 45 degrees upward and backward from the lower margin ; at about the middle of the palm the ridge turns at a right angle or an obtuse angle and is continued upward to the margin ; the ridge is formed by a line of large, irregular tubercles ar- ranged for the most part in a single row. At the base of the dactylus there is a double row of tubercles which superiorly converges more or less towards the ridge at the middle of the palm. The surface between these rows of tubercles is almost smooth. The fingers are long and narrow ; between them when closed, there is a gape wider than either fino-er. A depression on the proximal half of the outer surface of the pollex. Of the tubercles on the prehensile edges, there is one larger 278 RATHBUN one at the middle of the pollex ; and usually also a larger one near the proximal third and another at the distal third of the dactylus. The outer surface of the fingers is smooth through the center, but along the margins more finely granulate than the palm. Proximal end of upper surface of dactylus coarsely granulate. The merus, carpus and propodus of the ambulatory legs are orna- mented with fine scabrous granules, which on the meral joints form transverse lines. The merus of the first three pairs is dilated and that of the third pair is nearly three times as long as wide. A few long hairs on the legs in the male ; in the female there is in addition a dense coating of coarse hair on the upper surface of the propodus and a por- tion of the carpus of the third pair of ambulatory legs and on the pos- terior margins of the meri and propodi of the third and fourth pairs. Di?nenszons. — Male, length 5.6 mm., anterior width 8.1, width be- tween posterior pair of legs 5, greatest posterior width (inferior) 7; length of propodus of large cheliped of a male about 10.4 mm. wide 15.7 mm., length of dactylus of same 11.3, width of propodus 5.6. Ovigerous female, length 6, anterior width ^.S^ width between pos- terior pair of legs 5.4 mm. Type Locality. — Mangrove Point, Narboro Island, March, 1S99, 6 males and 3 females (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 24829). None of these males have the cheliped as fully developed as a single soft shell male from Black Bight, Albemarle Island, January 9. Family GRAPSID^. Grapsus grapsus (Linnaeus). Black Bight, Albemarle Island, January 9, 1 male. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, February, 3 males, i female. Taken previously at the Galapagos ; found also throughout the tropics. Geograpsus lividus (Milne Edwards). Clipperton Island Lagoon, November 23, 3 males, 3 feinales. Distribution. — Florida Keys to Sabanilla, Colombia ; Lower Cali- fornia to Chile; James Island, Galapagos Archipelago {Albatross'). Planes minutus (Linnaeus). On green sea-turtle at base of tail ; about 200 miles north of Wen- man Island, December S, one large female. Pachygrapsus crassipes Randall. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, 12 fathoms, 2 males, i female. BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 279 Not before taken at the Galapagos. Known from Oregon to Gulf of California; Japan; Hawaiian Islands (Randall), doubtfully correct. Pachygrapsus transversus Gibbes. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, 3 males. Taken previously at the Galapagos; found also throughout the tropics. Family PILUMNIDiE. PLATYPODIA GEMMATA sp. nov. (PI. XII, figs. 5 and 6.) Anterior two thirds of the carapace divided into about twenty lobules, for the most part circular, except the mesogastric lobule ; covered with crowded depressed granules and separated from each other by depres- sions, filled with a dense furry coating. The front has a thin bilobed edge, the lobes slightly sinuous. The antero-lateral margin is thin and covered above by a short fringe of fur ; below, there are three fissures visible, dividing the margin obscurely into four lobes. The postero- lateral borders are short and deeply cut. The upper border of the merus, carpus and propodus of the cheli- peds and ambulatory legs is sharply cristate. The chelipeds are gran- ulated on the outer surface, the granules larger than on the carapace and arranged on the lower half of the hand in four longitudinal rows. The ambulatory legs are partially granulate. Dimensions.— Ovi^erons female, length 6.8 mm, width 9.6, fronto- orbital width 4.9, width of front .2.8. Type Locality. — On reef north of Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, March 16; i male, i ovigerous female, 2 immature females (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 24850) . LEPTODIUS SNODGRASSI sp. nov. (PI. XII, figs. 7 and S.) Carapace moderately convex and deeply areolated in its anterior two thirds, flat and smooth in its posterior third. Behind each lobe of the frontal margin a small lobule ; behind each of these a larger and very prominent rectangular lobule ; still further back a transverse line of four high gastric lobules, the outer pair about one and a half times as wide as the inner ; and behind these a granulated line extend- ing nearly across each protogastric lobe. A transverse line of gran- ules, interrupted at the middle, across the widest part of the meso- gastric region. The lateral portions of the carapace have each four 28o RATHBUN prominent elevations, one of which is nodular and situated at the base of the fourth antero-lateral tooth, and three of which are surmounted by broad transverse ridges ; of the three ridges the anterior is in a line with the third lateral marginal sinus, the second ridge is in a line with the fourth sinus, while the third is posterior to the last marginal tooth. Front not very prominent, but projecting beyond the inner angle of the orbit, from which it is separated by a notch ; bilaminar, the lobes with a slightly concave margin, and most prominent at the inner end. Antero-lateral border cut into four well-marked teeth besides the orbital angle ; the first tooth is blunt and situated below the level of the orbital tooth, with which it is connected by a blunt superior ridge ; the re- maining teeth are acute, the third and fourth very prominent. Lower surface of carapace, edges of upper surface of arm and edges of legs hairy, especially the lower edge of the propodus of the last pair. Chelipeds very unequal in the male. Upper and outer surface of wrist deeply dimpled or wrinkled ; a strong tubercle at inner angle of wrist. Hand with blunt longitudinal carinae, two on the upper mar- gin and three on the outer surface. The upper carina of the outer surface is broad and has a row of deep pits or dimples ; the lowest carina is at the inferior third of the outer surface and is continued along the upper margin of the thumb. The upper part of the inner surface is also pitted. The entire surface of the chelipeds as well as of the carapace is finely and closely granulate and irregularly punctate. The fingers are carinated, the lower carina on the outer surface of the thumb is continued one third the length of the palm. The fingers are black and the color of the thumb is extended on the palm, ending in a zigzag line. The fingers of the large hand gape widely, those of the small hand slightly ; dactylus of large hand with two large teeth and a small intermediate one ; pollex with two large teeth ; tips broadly hollowed out, fingers of small hand with wavy margins. Ambulatory legs flattened, and more or less granulate, the granules fine and form- ing rugae. Carpal and propodal joints with a longitudinal groove. Dactylus furred along the edges as far as the nail. Abdomen of male five-jointed. Dimensions. — Length 13. i mm., width. 20.4, fro nto-orbital width 1 1. 8, width of front 5.5. Type Locality. — Black Bight, Albemarle Island, January 9, one perfect male, type ; also a badly damaged remnant of a smaller male (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 24S31). Additional Locality. — Reef north of Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, March 16, the lesser cheliped of a small specimen. BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 201 Actaea dovii Stimpson. Actaa ^<77/K Stimpson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., x, 104, 1871. — A. Milne Edwards, Crust. Reg. Mex., 244, pi. xlv, f. i, 1879. — Faxon, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., xviii, 16, 1895. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, one small male. The male of this species is considerably narrower than the female ; the width of the male is from i .4 to i .42 times its length ; of the female from 1.53 to 1.55 times its length. The Gala- pagos specimen has eleven orange-red stripes extending backward from the frontal and antero-lateral margins and converging posteriorly. Distribution. — San Salvador; Panama. Xanthias politus Rathbun. Micropanope polita Rathbun, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvi, 238, 1893. Panopeiis tanneri Faxon, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., xxiv, 154, 1893; Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., xviii, 19, pi. iii, f. 4, 4a, 1895. Xattthias politus Rathbun, Bull. Labor. Nat. Hist. State Univ. Iowa, iv, 271, 1898 ; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxi, 587, 1898. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, 12 fathoms, one male. Previously taken off Hood Island, Galapagos, in 20 fathoms ; near the Galapagos in 53 fathoms ; near Cocos Island, 66 fathoms ; and off Lower California in 31 to 36 fathoms. Pilumnus spinulifer Rathbun. Pilumnus spifiulifer Rathbun, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxi, 585, pi. xlii, figs. 6-8, 1898. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, 12 fathoms, 2 males, i young female. Tagus Cove, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, i male. These specimens are smaller than the types. The series indicates that the relative width increases with size. The types had a nearly naked carapace and chelipeds, remarkably so for a Pilumnus. The Galapagos specimens have however a downy coating of hair, thicker on the anterior portion of the carapace, where there are also a few tufts of longer and stouter setae. The relative bareness of the large specimens may be due to age, environment or accident. Distribution. — Off Cape St. Lucas, 31 fathoms. PILUMNOIDES PUSILLUS sp. nov. (PI. XII, figs. 9 and 10.) Carapace one fourth broader than long, slightly convex, somewhat lobulate, the protogastric region divided in two by a longitudinal fur- row, the area adjacent to the antero-lateral margin broken up into four or five lobules ; entire surface very finely granulate. Margin of frontal 282 RATHBUN lobes slightly convex except for a squarish tooth at the outer angle. Antero-lateral border distinctly marked, almost limbed, and furnished with four tuberculiform teeth besides the orbital which is small and little prominent. First, second and third teeth subequal, fourth tooth much smaller ; from it a crest extends obliquely inward and backward on the carapace. Chelipeds nearly equal. Outer and upper surface of carpus, and upper surface of manus nodulous. A granulated longitudinal ridge on the outer surface of the manus. Pollex with two carinse, the lower of which extends back on the palm. Dactylus with a deep superior fur- row. The fingers of the larger cheliped when closed leave a small hiatus at base ; those of the smaller cheliped either have a smaller hiatus or fit tight together. Ambulatory legs sparsely hairy. Dimensions. — Male, length 2.4 mm., width 3. J^ocality. — Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, 2 males (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 24832). Eriphia granulosa A. Milne Edwards. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, I male, 2 females, 3 young. Distribution. — Chile (type locality) ; Chatham Island, Galapagos (Dr. W. H. Jones, U. S. N., collector). Eriphides hispida (Stimpson). Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, Feb. 8, i male. Previously taken at Albemarle Island by the Albatross ; also occurs at Panama and west coast of Central America. Family PORTUNID.^. Portunus (Achelous) angustus Rathbun. Tagus Cove, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, 4 young. Tagus Cove, 12 fathoms, i young. Type Locality. — Off Hood Island, Galapagos, 20 fathoms. PORTUNUS (ACHELOUS) STANFORDI sp. nov. (PI. XII, fig. n.) Carapace pubescent ; ridges very prominent ; those on the cardiac region especially high ; two large tubercles at the inner angle of the branchial region. Fronto-orbital width about three fifths of the width of the carapace (exclusive of spines). Front prominent; eight teeth between the orbits, two small, above each antenna ; the four middle teeth are subequal, subacute, the outer pair a little wider at base than BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 283 the inner, the inner pair more advanced and separated from each other by a V-shaped sinus and from those of the outer pair by a U-shaped sinus. The angle on the inner side of the outer of the superior orbital fissures is rather prominent. The tooth at the outer angle of the orbit is equally advanced with the outermost of the eight frontal teeth. Of the antero-lateral spines or teeth, the second, fourth and sixth, are smaller than the others and themselves diminish in the order named ; the first and second are subacute, the rest sharp. The ninth spine (at the lateral angle) is about two and a half times as long as the eighth or preceding spine ; it is directed outward and upward. The inner sub- orbital tooth is produced to the line of the median sinus of the front ; outer sinus small, V-shaped. The merus of the chelipeds bears five spines on its anterior margin, of which the proximal one or two are smaller ; posterior margin ter- minating in a small curved spine. Carpus with a small outer spine and a long stout inner spine. Manus with two spines, one near the carpus and one near the distal end of the upper margin. Postero- distal angle of merus of swimming feet armed with a spine. Dimensions. — Total length of carapace of a male 13.4 mm., width 23, width between last antero-lateral sinuses 1 7.9 ; exorbital width 10.8. Type Locality. — Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, 2 males, 3 young (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 34833). Affinity. — This species is near Portunus (^Achelous) minimus irova the Gulf of California, but may be distinguished by its more uneven carapace, advanced front, longer lateral spine and the spine on the merus of the swimming feet. Family MAIID^. Stenorynchus debilis Smith. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, i3 fathoms, 2 females. Tagus Cove, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, i male, i young female. Distribution. — Lower California to Chile, from low water mark to 31 fathoms. Not before noticed from the Galapagos. PODOCHELA MARGARITARIA sp. nov. (PI. XII, fig. 12.) Carapace about one and a third times as long as wide. Gastric and cardiac regions very high, each surmounted by a tubercle. Hepatic region with a prominent tubercle projecting downward below the lat- eral line. No postorbital lobe. Front long and hood-shaped, the pos- 284 RATHBUN terior part flat and thick, the anterior and outer part thin, hollow beneath and with a sharp median crest above. Marginal crests of the basal segment of the antennae thin and finely denticulate. Pterygo- stomian region armed with a tubercle. Sternum and outer portions of the abdomen covered with pearly granules. The palms of the chelipeds are strongly inflated; fingers narrowly gaping when closed. The ambulatory legs diminish rapidly and uniformly in length from the first to the fourth pair. The dactyli vary little in length; the distal portion of the propodi of last three pairs is slightly thickened and curved. Dimensions. — Male, length 15 mm., width 11. Type Locality. — Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, 12 fathoms, one male (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 24834). Two smaller males and a female were taken at Tagus Cove on the reef north of Tagus Hill. Lissa aurivilliusi Rathbun. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, I male. Distribution. — Off Lower California, 12 to 31 fathoms. Teleophrys cristulipes Stimpson. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, I male. Distribution. — Lower California and Bay of Panama ; Pernambuco and Maceio, Brazil; Fernando Noronha (Pocock). Mithrax bellii Gersttecker. Mithrax urstis Bell, Proc. Zobl. Soc. London, in, 171, 1835 ; Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 11, 52, pi. x, f. 2 and 3, 1836. — A. Milne Edwards, Crust. Reg. Max., 103, 1875. ^°t Cancer ursiis Herbst. Mithrax bellii G^KSTJECK^K, Arch. f. Natur., xxii, pt. i, 112, 1856. Black Bight, Albemarle Island, one male ; a fine specimen of a deep rich crimson. Length 63.6 mm. width 65.4. The chelipeds, as would be expected, are considerably larger than those of the female figured by Bell ; the movable finger has a large tooth at its basal third. The rostral horns are shorter than in Bell's figure, being in our speci- men no longer than the horns of the basal antennal segment. Distribution. — Galapagos, 6 fathoms (type locality) ; Chile (Miers). Mithrax nodosus Bell. Black Bight, Albemarle Island, Jan. 9, 2 males. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, 3 males, 2 females, 2 young. BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 285 Distribution. — Galapagos Islands (type locality ; also collected by the Albatt'oss) ; Chile (Miers). Microphrys platysoma (Stimpson). Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16, I female. Distribution. — 'Lower California; Porto Rico, 4 to 14 fathoms. New to the Galapagan fauna. Microphrys branchialis Rathbun. Microphrys branchialis Rathbun, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxi, 577, pi. XLI, f. 5, 1898. Two small males were collected at Tagus Cove, one in 12 fathoms, the other on the reef north of Tagus Hill. They vary from typical specimens from Lower California in the following particulars. The carapace bears fewer tubercles, the postero-lateral spine is reduced, the oblong branchial protuberance is more prominent, the rostral horns and the antero-external spine of the basal antennal joint are shorter. These variations are no greater than those afforded by Microphrys bicornutus (see A. Milne Edwards in Crust. R^g. Mex., pi. xiv, figs. 2-4). M. branchialis was hitherto known from the Gulf of California and the west coast of Lower California in 1 2 to 48 fathoms. Suborder MACRURA. Family SCYLLARID^. PSEUDIBACUS PFEFFERI Miers. Pseudibacus pfefferi Miers, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, p. 542, pi. xxxvi, figs. 2 and 3. Following is a description of the specimen in hand : Carapace about one third broader than long, concealing the legs. The surface is nearly smooth ; there is a short tuberculated median crest on the gastric region ; two similar longitudinal crests separated by a narrow median depression on the cardiac region ; posteriorly these crests unite in one which is continued to the posterior margin of the carapace ; a few depressed tubercles form a longitudinal line toward the inner side of each branchial region ; a tuberculated ridge runs parallel and close to the outer margin of the branchial region. The lateral margin is arcu- ate, interrupted at the anterior third by a V-shapcd notch, from which a short, smooth ridge extends inward on the carapace. The margin 286 RATHBUN is thin and cut in small shallow teeth, of which there are about seven in front of the notch and fourteen behind it. The orbits are situated about half way between the middle and the lateral angles ; the inner margin of the orbit is erect. The margin of the front is nearly straight except outwardly where it is concave, curving forward to form a strong antero-lateral tooth with a spiniform tip pointing forward. The rostral lobe is divided half way to its base forming two narrow ascending horns separated by a closed fissure. The peduncle of the antennules reaches a little beyond the end of the penult segment of the antennae ; the inner flagellum is much thinner and a little longer than the outer. The leaf-like expansion of the antepenultimate segment of the antenna terminates in a sharp spine; its outer margin has two teeth, its anterior margin one tooth ; the inner margin of this segment as well as of the succeeding segment is erect and bidentate ; the termi- nal segment is sharp-pointed in front ; the margins of the antennae are finely denticulate or crenulate. The second to fifth abdominal segments have a convex tubercu- lated median carina ; that on the fourth segment has posteriorly a curved backward-pointing spine ; a similar but smaller spine is on the fifth segment ; the sixth segment has a tubercle either side of the median line and a small posterior median spine ; the seventh segment has a median tubercle on its anterior portion. The lateral margins of the second to seventh segments are divided into several triangulate lobes or teeth ; on the second to sixth segments there is a large com- pound tubercle at the junction of the dorsal surface with the pleura. The meral and carpal joints of the legs have each a superior distal spine. Dimensions. — Length of body from the tip of the antennae 39 mm., length of carapace 13.2, width of carapace 18, length of antepenult segment of antenna 7, width of same 8. As the specimen has a very thin soft shell the measurements are only approximately accurate. Locality. — One specimen was taken from the stomach of a green turtle, 200 miles north of Clipperton Island, December 8. This specimen differs from Miers's description of specimens from Mauritius, chiefly in having a wider carapace, and also a wider ante- penultimate antennal segment, this segment being broader than long instead of longer than broad, as in the figure given by Miers ; the segment is also more strongly dentate in our specimen. Considering the state of the type specimens, dried cast shells, and the half digested condition of the West American example it seems best to consider them probably identical. BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 287 Family PALINURID^. Panulirus penicillatus (Olivier). Wenman Island, December, 3 specimens. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, i specimen. Distribution. — Recorded from the Red Sea, via Indian Ocean to the South Pacific at Tahiti, Fijis, etc. Honolulu {Albatross) ; Waiawa Kanai, Hawaiian Islands (Valdemar Kundsen, collector) ; Chatham Island, Galapagos (Dr. W. H. Jones, U. S. N., collector). Family PEN^IDiE. Penaeus brevirostris Kingsley. Peneus brevirostris Kingsley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 98, 1878. Penceiis cattaliculatus Holmes (not Olivier), Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (2), iv, 581, 1895. i-.^ Penaus californiensis Holmes, Occas. Papers Cal. Acad.^Sci., vii, 218, pi. iv, f. 64-69, 1900. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, Feb. S, i male. This species differs from P. brasiliensis Latreille in its shorter and higher rostrum ; in full grov^^n P. brasiliensis the rostrum exceeds the antennular peduncle ; in P. brevirostris it does not. The dorsal grooves reach nearer the posterior margin of the carapace in P. brevi- rostris., and posteriorly they are parallel, not as in P. brasiliensis somewhat convergent. The thoracic feet are shorter and a little stouter in P. brevirostris. The form of the petasma and thelycum is also specifically different from that in P. brasilietisis. P. caiialictilatus Olivier differs from P. brevirostris^ according to Kishinouye,^ in having only one tooth under the rostrum, in the median dorsal groove of the carapace being nearly equal in breadth to the lateral grooves, in the first pair of feet unispinose, and the different shape of the thelycum. Distribution. — A huge female, 17.8 cm. long, was taken at San Diego, Cal., by Dr. D. S. Jordan, February, iSSo; a smaller male, by the Albatross off Santa Monica, Cal. San Francisco Bay and near Anaheim, Cal. (Holmes). This is undoubtedly the species recorded by Kingsley from the west coast of Nicaragua and by Mr. Richard Rathbun under the name of P. brasiliensis., as being brought to the San Francisco markets in 1S79; the latter notes the large size (7 inches). There are many specimens in the National Museum, rang- ing from Lower California to Panama. ijour. Fisheries Bureau, Tokyo, Japan, viii, pp. 6 and 11, pi. i, and pi. vii, fig. I, 1900. 288 RATHBUN PARAPEN^US KISHINOUYEI sp. nov. (PI. XII, figs. 13-15.) Carapace covered with a very fine pubescence easily I'ubbed off and arising from crowded irregular pits. A median gastric spine at about the anterior third ; median carina scarcely continued behind this spine. Upper margin of rostrum arched, the distance of the teeth from the lateral rib diminishing from the proximal to the distal end ; teeth 7 to 9, continued to the tip ; lateral rib also curved ; lower margin entire and ascending, nearly straight. Rostrum reaching just beyond the end of the first antennular segment. The second antennular segment is twice the length of the third. The basis and ischium of the first pair of pereiopoda are each armed with a spine. A pair of spines on the sternum between the second pereiopoda. The surface of the abdomen is pubescent and punctate like the carapace though less completely so. The posterior two thirds of the third segment is carinated, also the whole length of the fourth, fifth and sixth segments ; the sixth segment is twice as long as the fifth ; the lateral margins of the telson have each three spines increasing in size posteriorly; near the posterior pair is a pair of shorter fixed spines. The petasma is not bilaterally symmetrical ; its left half is the longer and its distal portion is ovate and at the anterior end quite narrow. The central plate of the thelycum is semicircular ; the lateral plates are broad and fused. Dimensions. — The length of the largest specimen is about 33 mm. Locality. — The types were taken at Tagus Cove, on the reef north of Tagus Hill, Albemarle Island, March 16; 4 males, 3 females (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 34835). 2 males and 2 females were also taken in 2 fathoms in Tagus Cove. Allied to P. veluiinus (Dana.? Bate). In that species the rostrum has fewer teeth and is less arched, the second abdominal segment is carinated, the petasma and thelycum are different. The species is dedicated to Dr. Kishinouye who has recently mono- graphed the Penseids of Japan. Family ALPHEID^. Alpheus malleator Dana. Alpheus malleator Dana, Crust. U. S. Expl. Exped., i, 557, 1852 ; pi. xxxi, f. 9. 1855. Alpheus pugilator A. Milne Edwards, Bull. Soc. Philom., Fans (7), 11, 229, 1878. Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on reef north of Tagus Hill, March 16; one small specimen 12.5 mm. long. BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 289 Distribution. — Rio Janeiro? (Dana) ; Cape Verde Islands (A. Milne Edwards). Synalpheus neptunus (Dana). Alpheus neptunus Dana, Crust. U. S. Expl. Exped., i, 553, 1852 ; pi. xxxv, f. 5. 1855. Synalpheus neptunus Covrit^^., Ann. Sci. Nat. (8), Zool., ix, 15, 1899. Two specimens were taken at Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on the reef north of Tagus Hill. In these specimens the rostral spine is longer than the orbital, but still not reaching the end of the first anten- nular segment. The antennular scale reaches one half the length of the second antennular segment. The blade of the antennal scale reaches just beyond the middle of the third antennular segment ; the spine of the scale scarcely reaches the end of the antennular peduncle. The basal spine of the antenna exceeds the first antennular segment a little. The antennal peduncle is longer than the antennular. Distribution. — Sulu Sea, 6^ and 9 fathoms, and Fiji Islands (Dana); Red Sea (Heller, Paulson); Bermudas; Porto Rico, 10 fathoms. Family DISCID^ fam. nov. Monocarpinea in which the animal is smoothly rounded, not cari- nated ; the rostrum short, depressed ; the antennules biflagellate, the outer flagellum with a thickened basal portion ; the antennal scale short and broad ; the mandible furnished with a molar process and palp ; the external maxillipeds provided with an exognath ; all the pereiopods with exopods ; first pair of pereiopods much larger than the second ; both pairs with extremity of merus cup-shaped and articulating at its lower angle only, with the ^^^- '• ^'^'^'^^ 1,1^, e n ^ • • serrifer, mandible, carpus ; carpus short ; dactylus of first pair cir- f . ^ ^ •' ^ , much enlarged. cular ; pollex slender ; fingers of second pair nor- mal ; feet of last three pairs diminishing regularly in length, and having dactyli spinulous beneath. This family is allied to the Atyidae and the Oplophoridae (= Acan- thephyridae). The Atyidae inhabit fresh water; they have the first two pairs of pereiopods similar, with spoon-shaped fingers, and the mandible without a palp. In the Oplophoridae the animal is dorsally carinated, the antennal scale is long and rigid, the first two pairs of pereiopods are long, slender and similar. 290 RATHBUN Genus Discias gen. nov. Characters of the family. DISCIAS SERRIFER sp. nov. Adult female. — Carapace stout, somewhat compressed, the height greater than the width and more than two thirds of the length ; smooth, punctate. Rostrum resembling that of Atya^ deflexed, depressed, with a smooth median carina ; lateral margins thin, finely denticulate ; extremity acute, not reaching the end of the first antennular segment. A large spine at the lower angle of the orbit. Antero- lateral angles obliquely rounded, unarmed. Eyes large. Second and third antennular segments very short, the third a little the longer ; the flagella are broken off ; the inner one is at least as long as the peduncle. The Fig. 2 , antennal peduncle extends to the end of the first seg- Disctas ser- j^gnf of the antennular peduncle ; scale oval, exceeding rijer, ^^ antennular peduncle by a distance equal to the maxilliped ^. j /w j_N length of the last two segments of that peduncle; it has a inidrib, its outer margin is thin and w^ithout a spine, inner margin finely denticulate ; flagellum half the length of the body. The outer maxilliped does not quite reach the end of the antennal scale ; the terminal segment is narrowly oval and its margins are spinulous. The first pair of chelipeds exceed the scale by about the length of the fingers ; the merus is triquetral and widens toward the distal end which is hollowed out and at its lower angle articulates with the carpus. The carpus is reduced to a flat round plate articulated against the lower surface of the propodus, a proximal prolongation of which ^ . '. conceals it. The carpus is not visible in Fig. 3. The serrifer, propodus is oblong, narrowest at the proximal end, the chela of palmar portion less than twice as long as broad and having the first on its upper surface a broad longitudinal depression ; pereiopo pollex slender, strongly curved, fitting closely against the dactylus which is subcircular or broadly ovate, slightly obtusely pointed at the extremity. The chelipeds of the second pair fall short of the end of the palm of the first pair ; they are much smaller ; the merus is similar to that of BRACHYURA AND MACRURA 29I the first pair ; the carpus is well developed, but small and rounded, the palm is oblong, twice as wide as long ; the fingers resemble each other, are moderately broad, longitudinal in direction, curved and cross at the tips. The third pair of feet are a little longer than the second ; the fifth pair reach the end of the merus of the third. The postero-inferior angles of the fifth and sixth segments of the abdomen are subacute ; sixth segment about one and a third times as long as the fifth ; the telson is one and three fifths times as long as the sixth segment and has two pairs of lateral spinules, the extremity is rounded and armed with about ten or twelve spinules; the uropods are scarcely longer than the telson, oval, the outer is the broader and along its outer margin is cut into from ten to twelve teeth, becoming gradually a little smaller j^.^_ and closer towards the posterior extremity. ^/^^ serrifer, The eggs are rather large, measuring a millimeter tail fan (X 14)- in the lesser diameter. Type Locality. — Three ovigerous females were taken at Tagus Cove, Albemarle Island, on the reef north of Tagus Hill, Maixh 16, 1S99 (U. S. Nat. Museum Cat. No. 24S36). Dimensions. — Female, length about 15 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 5 mm. Family PAL^MONID^. PAL^MON sp. Clipperton Island Lagoon, Nov. 23, 1S98, one specimen, 27 mm. long, the large pair of chelipeds missing. Very near P. ritteri Holmes, but differs from specimens of that species from Lower Cali- fornia, in being more slender, the rostrum a little more ascending, and slightly arched above the extremity of the eyes, the eyes black in alco- hol instead of pale, the sixth abdominal segment a little longer (twice as long as fifth) . The first pair of chelipeds and the antennse corre- spond to P. ritteri. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., July, 1902. PLATE XII. Fig. I. Uca §alapage>isis {y^iyi). 2. '• " inner view of large chela (X i/^) • 3. Uca heller i, type (X 3)- 4. " " from Black Bight, inner view of large chela (X 3)- 5. Platypodia gemmata {Y.T,). 6. " " wrist and chela (X 3)- 7. Leptodius siiodgrasst {y^ i/^)- 8. " •' larger chela (X i/^)- 9. Pilumnoides pusilhts (X7)- 10. " " larger chela (X 7)- 11. Portunus {Acheloics) stanfordi {y^ i/^)- 12. Podochela margaritaria (X^). 13. Parapejicetis kis/iinouyei vo^tvnm (X^^). lA, " " petasma, much enlarged, i^. " " thelycum, " " (392) Proc. wash. ACAD. Sc;., VOL. IV. PLATE XI ^'fc GALAPAGOS BRACHYURA PROCKEDINQS OF THE WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. IV, pp. 293-373. [Plates XIII-XXIIL] July 31, 1902. PAPERS FROM THE HARRIMAN ALASKA EXPEDITION. XXIX. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA. By J. Cardot and I. Theriot. INTRODUCTION. The following catalogue of the mosses of Alaska and some adjacent islands is based primarily upon the collection made by the Harriman Expedition in 1899. For completeness, how- ever, species previously reported from the region are also included. The whole number here enumerated is 280, of which 124 are new to Alaska and 46 are new to science. The 29 new species and 17 new varieties, except for three species of Bf'yuni, are here first described. The mosses brought back by the Harriman Expedition were collected by Wm. H. Brewer, W. R. Coe, L. J. Cole, F. V. Coville, T. H. Kearney, De Alton Saunders and Wm. Trelease. Previous collections were made by W. H. Dall, 1867 ; Krause brothers, 1882 ; W. G. Wright, 1891 ; Jas. M. Macoun, 1891- 92 ; B. W. Evermann, 1892 ; C. H. Townsend, 1893-95 (Exp. of U. S. S. Allmiross) ; W. M. Canby, 1897; W. H. Evans, 1897 ; W. A. Setchell, 1899 5 F- C. Schrader, 1899. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., July, 1902. 293 '94 CARDOT AND THERIOT Subclass ANDREiEALES. Family ANDREW ACE^. Andreaea petrophila Ehrh. in Hann. Mag., 1784, p. 140, and in Beitr I, p. 192. From Orca (Trelease, 2345), Hall Island (Trelease, 2127), St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 216S, 2530). New to Alaska. Andreaea petrophila sylvicola Bryol. eur., vi, p. 13, pi. 2, e. From Hall Island (Trelease, 2527). New to Alaska. Andreaea parvifolia C. Miill. in Flora, 1S87, p. 219. From upper part of Dyea valley (Krause brothers). Andreaea papillosa Lindb. in Oefv. af Vet. Ak. Forh., xxiii, p. 557. From St. Lawrence Bay, and Plover Bay, Siberia (W. H. Dall). Subclass BRYALES. Family WEISIACE.E. Gymnostomum curvirostre scabrum Lindb. Muse, scand., p. 22. From Fort Wells (Trelease, 1834). New to Alaska. Anoectangium compactum Schw. Suppl. I, i, p. 36, pi. xi. From White Pass, 1,900 feet (Trelease, 2309); Orca (Trelease, 2259, 2260 in part). ANCECTANGIUM COMPACTUM ALASKANUM var. nov. Habitu robustiore, foliis madore magis patulis, longioribus latiori- busque, cellulis majoribus (mediis 6-9 /t latis, loco 4-6) reteque magis opaco distinctum. From Port Wells (Trelease, 1S33). Dicranoweisia crispula Lindb. in Oefv. af Vet. Ak. Forh., 1S64, p. 230. From White Pass, 3,000 feet (Trelease, 2492) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 3119); Hall Island (Trelease, 2129, 2131, 2134); St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2153, 2154) ; Attn Island (J. M. Macoun). Most of these specimens have the inner perichaetial bi'acts shortly acuminate, which relates them to D, conte7'mi?ta Ren. & Card. (/?. roellii Kindb.), but the alar cells are usually more distinct than on the moss from Oregon and Idaho. Moreover, the comparison with numer- ous specimens from different regions of Europe and North America proves that the characters on which D. contermina has been established THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 295 are too variable and insufficient to establish a specific distinction. D. co7iterniina must therefore be considered as only a variety of D. crispula^ and the specimens from Alaska and the islands of Bering Sea are nearly all intermediate between the type and this variety. D. obliqtta Kindb., which has been recorded from Alaska, is un- known to us ; but, from the description, it is probable that it, like- wise, is only a form of D. crispida. (Cfr. Kindberg, Notes on Canadian Bryology, 1S93, and Eur. and N. Amer. Bryineas, p. 3 10.) Rhabdoweisia fugax Br. eur., fasc. 33-36, p. 4, pi. 41. From Kodiak (Trelease, 2217, 32 iS). New to Alaska. Rhabdoweisia fugax subdenticulata Boul. Muse, dela France, p. 543. From Juneau (Brewer and Coe, 699a). New to Alaska. Another species of Weisiacese, Oreotveisia serrulata Sch., has been recorded from Nulato bv J. T. Rothrock and by Lesquereux and James (Manual, p. 58). Family DICRANACE^. Cynodontium torquescens Limpr. Laubm., i, p. 288. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 2101, 2103, 3525). Number 2101 has the peristome smooth or nearly so; it is C. siib- alpestre Kindb. in Mac. Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci, pp. 17 and 257. CYNODONTIUM TRELEASEI sp. nov. (PI. XIII, figs. i«-'.) Monoicum, densiuscule cespitosum. Caulis erectus, brevis, 3-4 mil- lim. altus. Folia siccitate crispata, madore patentia, 2—3 millim. longa, e basi oblonga sat subito constricta, longe et anguste acuminato-subulata, apice sinuato denticulata, marginibus planis et integris, costa percur- rente, cellulis inferioribus rectangulis, 2—3 long, quam lat., superi- oribus irregularibus, plerisque subquadratis, opacis et papillosis, 9-15 ti. longis, 8-9 latis, cellulis alaribus majoribus, subinflatis, lutescenti- bus. Flos masculus in ramo brevi. Folia perichaetialia intima vagi- nantia, longe acuminata. Capsula in pedicello brevi, 7—8 millim. longo, nutans vel inclinata,breviter ovato-convexa, interdum strumulosa, levis vel vix striatula, operculo longe oblique rostrato, basi crenulato. Annulus distinctus. Peristomium elatum, intense purpureum, 0.5 millim. altum, valde papillosum, dentibus irrcgulariter bi-trifurcatis. Sporae leves, 16- 18/1 crasste. From Port Wells (Trelease, 3368, 3371). This species is only comparable with C. -polycarpatn Sch., from which it is easily distinguished by its smaller size, its shorter, smooth or 296 CARDOT AND THERIOT hardly striate capsule, its more papillose, longer and brighter purple peristome, its shorter leaves with a thinner subula, and its upper cells smaller and less distinct. CYNODONTIUM POLYCARPUM ALASKANUM var. nov. A forma typica differt foliis apice tantum denticulatis, marginibus minus late et minus longe revolutis, reteque levi vel sublevi, cellulis superioribus paulo majoribus et distinctioribus (20 x 13 M, loco 14 X II) ; a var. laxirete Dix. foliis angustioribus et rete basilari densiore distinctum ; ab Oiicophoro suecico Arn. et Jens, differt foliis inferne revolutis cellulisque alaribus indistinctis vel parum distinctis. From Juneau (Trelease, 2176) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 2374) ; Indian Camp, Yakutat Bay (Brew^er and Coe, 645 ) . The type has been indicated for Alaska by Kellogg and by Les- quereux and James (Manual, p. 5S). Cynodontium virens Sch. Br. eur. Coroll., p. 12. From Haenke Island (Coville and Kearney, iiio). A doubtful specimen from St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2155). Cynodontium virens serratum Sch., loc. cit. From Haenke Island (Coville and Kearney, mi); Egg Island (Coville and Kearney, 1016, 1017) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2290; Brewer and Coe, 654) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1S91). Cynodontium wahlenbergii Hartm. Flor. scand., ed. 10, p. 113. From Cape Vancouver (J. M. Alacoun) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 1830, 2288 in part, 22S9) ; Port Clarence (Brewer and Coe, 669) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 1SS2, 1895, 1S99, 2130, 2132) ; St. Lawrence Island (Trelease, 1895, 1896, 1897, 2124) ; St. Matthew Island (Tre- lease, 1892, 1906, 2156, 2157, 2162). Number 2130 is a small form with short leaves, forma brevifolia. Dichodontium pellucidum Sch. Br. eur. Coroll., p. 12. From Hidden Glacier Inlet in Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1S16, 2154 in part) ; Disenchantment Bay (Brewer and Coe, 639 in part) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1752 in part) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 1831) ; Una- laska Island (J. M. Macoun). Dichodontium pellucidum fagimontanum Sch., loc. cit. From Juneau (Trelease, 21 71); Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1909 in part). Numbers 1816, 2154 in part and 1S31 are forms passing to var. fagini 07itanum. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 297 DICHODONTIUM PELLUCIDUM KODIAKANUM var. nov. (PI. xni, fig. 2"-*.) Magnitudine D. flavescenti Lindb. simile, 5-8 centim. altum ; folia subintegra, apice late obtuso tantum sinuolata, rete vix papillose. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1S48). D. felhccidiun serrattim Sch. {D.Jlavescens Lindb.) has been recorded from Alaska b_v Kindberg. Aongstroemia longipes Br. eur., fasc. 33-36, p. 3, pi. i. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2432, 2466, 2468) ; Hidden Glacier Inlet, in Yakiitat Bay (Trelease, 2519). New to Alaska. Dicranella crispa Sch. Br. eur. CorolL, p. 13 . From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2334) ; St. Lawrence Island (J. M. Macoun). Dicranella grevilleana Sch., loc. cit. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 2103). New to Alaska. Dicranella rufescens Sch., loc. cit. From Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun). Dicranella heteromalla Sch., loc. cit. From Juneau (Trelease, 2180; Setchell, 1335); Farragut Bay (Coville and Kearney, 470) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2206, 2213, 2214) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 2405, 2407, 241 1) ; Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Yes Bay (Gorman, 182 in part, 183). Dicranella heteromalla orthophylla Lesq. & Jam. Manual, p. 67. From Sitka (Trelease, 2367) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2197) ; Doug- las Island (Trelease, 241 1). DICRANELLA HETEROMALLA LATINERVIS var. nov. A forma typica differt foliis brevius subulatis costaque latiore, circa Yz basis occupante. From Douglas Island (Trelease, 23S9). D. squarrosa Sch. was recorded from Alaska, teste M. W. Harrington, by Lesquereux and James, and D. subiilata Sch. and D. folaris Kindb. from the islands of Bering Sea, teste Macoun, by Kindberg. The specimen received by us as D. subulata, from St. Lawrence Island is D. crispa. We have not seen any specimens of the other two species. Dicranum anderssonii Sch, Syn., ed. i, p. 689. From Port Wells (Trelease, 2277). New to Alaska. 298 CARDOT AND THERIOT This moss undoubtedly belongs to D. anderssonii Sch. (^Arctoa anderssonii Wich. in Flora, 18^9, no. 27). In his second edition of the Synopsis, Schimper reunites it to D. hypei'boreiwi^ from which, however, it seems sufficiently distinct by its smaller, sub- globose capsule, turbinate after the fall of the lid, ver}' shortly pedi- cellate and almost always suiTounded and surpassed by the perichtetial leaves, and by the cells of the exothecium being smaller, with more solid and more colored walls. According to C. Jensen (Bryo- phyta of the Faeroes, in his Botany of the Faeroes, p. 159), the capsule of Dicranuin ajiderssonii should be destitute of stomates, but in the Port Wells specimen all the capsules bear several stomates at the base of the very short neck. Dicranum starkei Web. & Mohr, Bot. Taschb., pp. 1S9, 471. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2059) ; Disenchantment Bay (Brewer and Coe, 635). New to Alaska. Dicranum albicans Br. eur., fasc. 43, Suppl., pi. i. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2059 in part). New to Alaska. A form of greener tint than usual and with homomallous leaves. Dicranum strictum Schl. PL crypt, helv., cent, iii, no. 26. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2331, 2336). DICRANUM SUBFLAGELLARE sp. nov. (PI. XIII, fig. 3""^) A D. Jiagellari proximo differt defectu flagellarum, foliis erectis subfalcatis angustioribus parum flexuosis, brevioribus (2—2.5 niillim.), acumine canaliculato non subtubuloso, marginibus dorsoque subintegro cellulisque inferioribus angustioribus, superioribus multo minor ibus. Specimina pauca, sterilia. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1S99). Dicranum elongatum Schl. PI. crypt, helv., cent, in, no. 27. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 1867 in part, 21 17, 21 18) , Kodiak (Trelease, 2503) ; St. Lawrence Island (Trelease, 1S92, 1894, 1897 in part) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2170). Number 2503 is a short, stunted form, with nearly the facies of D. niiquelone7ise Ren. & Card. Dicranum groenlandicum Brid. Mant. muse, p. 68. Bryol. univ., I, p. 460. From the Yukon River (W. H. Dall) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 1867 in part). New to Alaska. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 299 Dicranum fuscescens Turn. Muse, hib., p. 60, pi. 5, f. i. From Yes Bay (Gorman, 1S4) ; Juneau (Brewer and Coe, 699^, 700); Skagway (Canby, 478); Wrangell (Trelease, 2317); White Pass, 3,000 ft. (Trelease, 2313); Farragut Bay (Trelease, 2416; Brewer and Coe, 617); Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1763, 2340); Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 777) ; La Perouse Glacier (Trelease, 249S) ; Sitka (U. S. S. Albatross^ 53, 55 ; Canby, 45S, 463 ; Trelease, 2359) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 19 14) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1853) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 190S, 2393) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2282, 338S) ; Orca (Trelease, 1918, 1925, 3363; Setchell, 1213); New Metlakatla (Coville and Kearney, 364) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 1S65). The Yes Bay specimen was associated with Mniiiui glabrescens Kindb. and Scapania sp. The Kodiak specimen (1S53) is a paludal form, with entire, shorter, erect leaves. We must point out too a sterile form, collected on Unalaska Island by Mr. C. H. Townsend (U. S. S. Albatross exped., 43), which is very near D. muehlenbeckii Br. eur. var. brevifolium Lindb. The same form was found by Trelease on Hall Island ( 1907) . It differs from the European plant chiefly in having its leaves less flexuous when dry. Many authors separate D. congestuiti Brid. from D . fiiscescens'Ywxvi. but as it is almost impossible to find two descriptions of D. congestiim which agree, we can infer that it is one of those species which every author understands in his own way, that is to say a very bad species ; and we deem it preferable to merely unite it with D. fuscescetis. Dicranum dipteroneuron C. Miill. in Flora, 1SS7, p. 331. From valley of the Takhin River (Krause brothers). Dicranum scoparium Hedw. Fund, muse, 11, p. 92, pi. S, f. 41, 42. From Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 773 in part.) A paludal form. Dicranum neglectum Jur. Laubm. fl., p. 47. Limpr. Laubm., i, p, 353. D. spadiccinii Zett. Muse, pyren., p. 30. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 1S6S) ; Sturgeon River Bay, Kodiak (Trelease, 1939) ; Unalaska (U. S. S. Albatross exped., 7a) ; St. George Island (U. S. S. Albatross exped., 57) ; St. Lawrence Island (Trelease, 1873, 1S74 in part, 1903) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1886, 1888 in part, 19S0) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 19S8, 1990, 1991). New to Alaska. 300 CARDOT AND THERIOT Dicranum howellii Ren. & Card, in Bot. Gaz., 1S89, p. 93, pi. xii, B. From Skagway (Canby, 4S3) ; New Metlakatla (Trelease, 1906) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 755); Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2308); Sitka (Setchell, 1255; Trelease, 2360); Kodiak (Trelease, 2202, 2223, 2504); Unga (Saunders, 2294, 2295). New to Alaska. Dicranum bonjeani De Not. apud Lisa Elencho,p. 29. Epil., p. 616. From Sturgeon River Bay, Kodiak (Trelease, 1S54). A form nearly allied to var. scJdotthaiieri Barnes by its short and entire leaves. The type was recorded from Sitka and Nulato, teste Rothrock, by Kindberg, Mac. Cat. Can. pL, vi, Musci, p. 32. Dicranum majus Sm. Fl. brit., iii, p. 1202. From Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 754) ; Orca (Setchell, 1215) ; Sitka (Trelease, 1953; U. S. S. Albatross exped., 6r); Hot Springs (Trelease, 1952). Number 12 15 Setchell, is a slender form. Dicranum bergeri Bland. Muse, frond, exs., iii, no. 114. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1675a in part). Dicranum molle Wils. is recorded from St. Paul Island and D. angusfifolium Kindb. from Unalaska by Kindberg, in Mac. Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci. D. muehlenbeckii has also been recorded from Alaska. Dicranodontium longirostre Br. eur., fasc. 41, p. 2, pi. i. From Orca (Trelease, 1S39). New to Alaska. Dicranodontium aristatum Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 695. From Hot Springs (Trelease, 1S09). New to Alaska. Slightly different from the European plant, the costa being rather less broad, but one fifth or one fourth the width of the leaf base, and having a less rough subula. Dicramim virgitiicum Aust. ( Cani- pylopiis virginicus Lesq. & Jam.) is intermediate between the Euro- pean and Alaskan forms. Mr. Kindberg has, teste Macoun, reported from Alaska, Campylofus sckimpcri Milde. Family SELIGERIACE.E. Blindia acuta Br. eur., fasc 33-36, p. 3, pi. i. From Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 5S2) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2274, 2275, 2276, 22S0, 2291 in part); Hall Island (Trelease, 1881). New to Alaska. Number 22S0 is a form with long innovations, surpassing the capsule. Blindia acuta fiexipes Ren. & Card., in Rev. bryol., 1892, p. 79. Port Wells (Trelease, 22S6). New to Alaska. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 3OI Family DITRICHACE.E. Ceratodon purpureus Brid. Br. univ., i, p. 4S0. Very common and variable. From Juneau (Setchell, 1233; Co- ville and Kearney, 5S9 ; Trelease, 2175, 2177); New Metlakatla (Trelease, 2240); Wrangell (Trelease, 2316); Port Clarence (Tre- lease, 2106, 2107, 210S, 2109, 2110, 211 1, 2112; Brewer and Coe, 671); Cape Fox (Trelease, 1934); Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2326, 2332); Disenchantment Bay (Coville and Kearney, 1065; Brewer and Coe, 637) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, iSoi, 1S04, 2443, 2446, 2447, 2450,2465); Orca (Trelease, 2255, 2256); Bogoslof volcano (Coville and Kearney, 2614 in part) ; Sitka (Coville and Kearney, 868; Trelease, 2361; Canby, 460); Kodiak (Trelease, 21S9, 219S, 2212, 2224, 2236); Douglas Island (Trelease, 2393, 2404); Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Bering Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 2139) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 1S60, 2086) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 2097, 2531, 2533, 2536, 2537, 2546; Coville and Kearney, 1862). Ceratodon heterophyllus Kindb. in Ott. nat., v, p. 179. Macoun, Cat. Can. pi., VI, Musci, p. 261. From St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun; B. W. Evermann ; Tre- lease, 2062, 2070, 2071, 2072, 2075). Distichium capillaceum Br. eur., fasc. 29-30, p. 4, pi. i. From White Pass (Trelease, 2310) ; Port Wells (Brewer and Coe, 653; Coville and Kearney, 1291 in part; Trelease, 2278, 2291); Orca (Trelease, 1S37, 1S38, 2260 in part) ; Yakutat Bay (Brewer and Coe, 644) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 2104). Ditrichum homallum Pipe, in Flora, 1S67, p. 1S2. From Kodiak (Brewer and Coe, 65S in part). New to Alaska. A slender etiolated form, of which we find only some stems among other mosses ; leaves erect, costa narrower, basilar cells broader. Ditrichum Jlexicaule doisutn Sch. has, teste Rothrock, been recorded from Alaska by Lesquereux and James, and D. glaucesce7is Hpe., teste Macoun, from Unalaska, by Kindberg. Kindberg has also, teste Macoun, described a Lepto- trichtim tomentosunt from St. Paul Island. Family POTTIACE^. POTTIA HEIMII BERINGIANA var. nov. (PI. XIV, fig. 2«-'.) A forma typica differt foliis brevioribus, limbo lutescente circum- ductis, costa breviter excurrente mucronatis reteque magis opaco valde papilloso. 302 CARDOT AND THERIOT From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 21 51 in part). We found only a few stems of this moss, mixed with Barbula brachypoda Card. & Ther. and a Bryum. By the pellucid margin of the leaves, it is nearly related to P. obtusifolia C. Miill. {P. kehnii arctica Lindb.), but it is easily distinguished from it by its pointed leaves. It also closely resembles Desmatodon systylioides Ren. & Card., from Labrador, which is probably also a Pott la of the same group, but it differs from this species by its ovate, shorter and proportionately wider capsule, its longer and more finely beaked lid, its shorter and more briefly acuminate leaves, and finally by its areola- tion formed of larger and less obscure cells. According to J. M. Macoun P. heitnii typica has been recorded by Kindberg from St. Matthew Island and from Bering Island. Didymodon rubellus Br. eur., fasc. 29-30, p. 3, pi. i. From Juneau (Trelease, 217S) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2272, 22S3) ; Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross exped., 36) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2143, specimen in bad condition, and determination doubt- ful) ; Bering Island (J. M. Macoun). Didymodon baden-powelli Kindb. Ott. Nat., v, p. 179. Macoun, Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci, p. 262. From St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). Contrary to Kindberg's description, the leaves are entire or nearly so on the specimen we have seen. It is probable that this moss is but a form of D. rubellus. TRICHOSTOMUM CUSPID ATISSIMUM sp. nov. (PL XIII, fig. 4°-^) Dioicum, elatum, compacte cespitosum, fusco-lutescens. Caulis erectus, circa 5 centim. altus, dense foliosus, rufo-tomentosus, ramis erectis numerosis. Folia siccitate crispata, madore erecto-arcuata, ad apicem caulis et ramorum congesta, fragilia (acumine saepe effracto), e basi ovata sensim et longissime acuminata, 3—3.5 millim. longa, 0.45— 0.7 lata, marginibus planis, superne inflexis, papillis prominentibus crenulatis, costa angusta, 80-90 ,a basi lata, in cuspidem acutissimam longe excurrente, cellulis inferioribus rectangulis, 5-6 long, quam lat., lutescentibus, superioribus plerumque quadratis, 10-12 11 latis, opacis, grosse papulosis. C;Etera desunt. From Hall Island (Brewer and Coe, 674). A fine species, easily distinguished from the large forms of T. mtita- bile Bruch, and its var. cuspidatum Limpr. (7^. cuspidatutn Sch.), THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 3O3 by the form of the leaves, and more particularly by its narrower costa and its upper cells which are much larger and more distinct (10-12 /i instead of 6-8). TRICHOSTOMUM SITKANUM sp. nov. (PI. XIV, fig. i«-^) Dioicum.? Cespites densiusculi, superne virides, intus nigrescentes, inferne terra obruti. Caulis 2-3 centim. altus, parum divisus, laxe foliosus. Folia moUia, sicca cirrato-crispata, madore patula, inferiora 2.5-3 ii^illi'i'i- loi^g-'ii superiora majora, 4-4.5 millim. longa, e basi longe subvaginante lineari-lanceolata, marginibus planis integris, costa sat valida, basi circa no 11 lata, in mucronem lutescentem breviter ex- cvn-rente, cellulis basis subvaginantis rectangulis, hyalinis, 4-6 long, quam lat., ceteris quadrato-hexagonis, 1 2-14/1 latis, valde papillosis. Caetera desunt. From Sitka (Trelease, 2370). The aspect, the form of leaves, the looser basal areolation and the upper cells more papillose, easily distinguish this plant from T. cuspi- datissimum Card. & Ther. It is more closely connected with T. ba?nbergerl Sch., but the latter has the costa shining on the back in a dry state, and the hyaline cells of the base going up along the borders of the leaf, as in Barbula torhiosa Web. & Mohr. Desmatodon latifolius Br. eur., fasc. iS-20, p. 5, pi. i. From Unalaska (J. M. Macoun). BARBULA BRACHYPODA sp. nov. (PI. XIV, figs, s''— '.) Monoica, laxiuscule cespitosa, viridis. Caulis 5-10 millim. altus, erectus, simplex furcatusve. Folia mollia, sicca erecta, madida erecto- patentia, elliptica vel subspathulata, 2.5-3 millim. longa, 0.6-1 millim. lata, late et breviter acuminata obtusa, subobtusa acutave, marginibus e basi ad medium usque revolutis, deinde planis et pro more limbo lutes- cente e 3-4 seriebus cellularum composito limbatis, costa angusta (lat. 50 /a), paulo sub apice evanida, rete levi, in dimidio inferiore laxissimo hyalino, cellulis rectangularibus, 66-SS /^ longis, circa 22 latis, superne valde chlorophylloso, cellulis inaequalibus quadrato-rotundatis vel brevis- sime rectangulis, c costa ad margines sensim minoribus (majoribus 25 ii longis, 16 latis, minoribus quadratis, 14// latis). Flos masculus infra femineum situs. Folia perichictialia caulinis majora, acuminata, intima angustissima. Capsula in pedicello brevi, crassiusculo, pallido, 304 CARDOT AND THERIOT 5-7 millim. longo, 0.2 millim. crasso, erecta, cylindiica, circa 3 millim. longa, operculo conico tertiam partem capsulae cequante. Annulus latus, distinctus. Peristomium papillosum, membrana basilari brevi, dentibus semel vel bis convolutis. Sporae leves, 12-16 ij. crassaj. From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2151 in part, 2166). This species, which belongs to the section Cuneifolice Sch., is easily distinguished from B. cuneifolia Brid. by its leaves revolute be- low, its longer lower cells, the upper more chlorophyllose with thicker walls, its shorter seta, its broad annulus, etc. Kindberg has established (in Revue bryologique, 1896, p. 22) a B. subcuneifolia from Alaska, which, by some characters, seems to be near to our B. brachyfoda ; but his description is so incomplete that we can neither ascertain whether this B. subctc7teifoIia is identi- cal with the plant here described, nor, with still more reason, mention the characters which might distinguish it from the former. BARBULA SAUNDERSII sp. nov. (PL XVI, fig. I"-'.) Dioica? laxiuscule cespitosa, olivaceo-viridis. Caulis brevis, 5-8 millim. altus, simplex vel parce divisus. Folia sicca incurvata, madida erecta vel erecto-patentia, 1.5-2 millim. longa, o.S lata, e basi ovata breviter acuminata, obtusa vel brevissime mucronata, marginibus e basi usque ad Yi valde revoluta, superne concava, costa valida, tota fere longitudine aequaliter crassa (o. i millim.), dorso valde promi- nente, percurrente, rarius paulisper excedente ; rete levi, cellulis in- ferioribus laxis, rectangulis, lutescentibus, 40 /x longis, 12 latis, se- quentibus quadratis, 12-13/i latis, parietibus incrassatis, mediis et superioribus minutis, 7-8 /j latis, parum distinctis. Folia perichtetialia caulinis majora, sicca erecto-incurvata, madida erecta, appressa. Cap- sula in pedicello purpureo, circa 10 millim. longo, siccitate sinistror- sum torto, erecta, oblonga vel subcylindrica, 1-1.25 millim. longa, operculo conico longissimo, capsulam iequante. Peristomium pur- pureum, papillosum, membrana basilari brevi, 30 ,« alta, dentibus semel vel bis contortis. Sporte leves, 14-16 /x crassce. From Hidden Glacier Inlet, Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2514). In habit recalls the smallest forms of B. U7tginculata Hedw., from which it differs by the shorter and proportionately broader leaves, which are shortly ovate-lanceolate, not or hardly mucronate, etc. By the form of the leaves, it is also connected with B. brachyphylla SuUiv., but the latter has the stems much longer and the basal areolation of the leaves quite different. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 305 BARBULA TRELEASEI sp. nov. (PI. XV, fig. 2«-».) Dioica.'* dense cespitosa, lutescenti-viridis. Caulis 1—2 centim. altus, erectus, divisus. Folia siccitate crispatula, madore erecto-pa- tentia, circa 1.5 millim. longa, 0.6 lata, ovato-lanceolata, breviter acuminata, integra, marginibus e basi longe revolutis, costa valida, rubella, percurrente, basi 80 [x crassa, cellulis inferioribus rectangulis subhyalinis, levibus, mediis superioribusque minutis (diam. 8 /ji), quadratis, valde papillosis, parum distinctis. Folia perichsetialia multo longiora et latiora, sat subito constricta, longe acuminata, madore arcuato-patula, intima subvaginantia, in dimidio inferiore hyalina. Capsula in pedicello lo-ii millim. longo, erecta, oblongo-cylindrica. Caetera desunt- From Juneau (Trelease, 2179, 2 181). This moss has the aspect of a slender B. fallax Hedw. ; but the exture of the leaf base, formed of rectangular subhy aline cells, clearly separates it. On the other hand, it differs from B. vinealls Brid. and allied forms by the much shorter leaves. BARBULA RIGENS sp. nov. (PI. XV, fig. I«-3.) Rubella, laxe cespitosa vel aliis muscis gregarie intermixta. Caulis gracilis, erectus, rigidulus, divisus, 1-2 centim. altus. Folia sicca crispatula, madida erecto-patentia, stricta, breviter lanceolato-linearia, 1. 25-1. 5 millim. longa, 0.3 lata, marginibus integris medium versus paululum revolutis, costa valida, tota fere longitudine requaliter crassa, diam. 56 /^, biconvexa, percurrente vel in mucronem brevem excurrente, cellulis inferioribus rectangulis, hyalinis, plerumque levibus, superiori- bus opacis, indistinctis, quadrato-rotundatis, utraque pagina dense papillosis, mediis circa 11 // latis. Caetera ignota. From Orca (Trelease, 2260; mixed with Distichiu77i capillacetuii and Anccctanghnn compactinn^. This species belongs to the group of B. rigidula Mitt., from which it is easily distinguished by its stiff stem and leaves, the latter being shorter and very briefly acuminate and by its much more papillose areolation. BarbulacylindricaSch. in Hedwigia, 1S73, p. 47. Syn.,ed. 2, p. 20S. From Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun). Barbula fragilis Br. eur., fasc. 62-64, Suppl., pi. 4. From Fort Wells (Coville and Kearney, 1291 in part). 306 CARDOT AND THERIOT Barbula aciphylla Br. eur., fasc. 13-15, p. 42, pi. 26. Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1746 in part) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1802). New to Alaska. Number 1S02 is a rather badly characterized form, which can be ascribed to B. aciphylla^ but which has also some relationship with B. rui'alis Hedw. Barbula ruralis Hedw. Fund., 11, p. 93. From Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 42). A form having the facies of B . muelleri Bruch. Mr. Kindberg has described from Alaska a B. siibacneifolia and a B. ruralis subsp. alaskana, of which we have seen no specimens. Family GRIMMIACE^. Grimmia apocarpa Hedw. Descr., i, p. 104, pi. 39. From Juneau (Trelease, 2183); Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2432); Kodiak (Trelease, 2215); Hall Island (Trelease, 212S); St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2079). Grimmia apocarpa gracilis Web. & Mohr, Taschenb., p. 131. From White Pass (Trelease, 2493) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1789, 3454) ; Hidden Glacier Inlet, Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1790, 205S) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1788) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 1880). Grimmia apocarpa alpicola Hook. & Tayl. Muscol. brit., p. 87. From Portage Bay (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.) ; Cape Fox (Tre- lease, 2386); St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2080). A form allied to this variety by the dimension of its spores, but differing from it by its sharp pointed leaves, the upper ones ending in a hyaline point, was collected at Wrangell (Canby, 471) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 2385) and at Hot Springs, near Sitka (Trelease, 2495). Grimmia apocarpa rivularis Web. & Mohr, Taschenb., p. 129. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2424, 2494) ; Yakutat Bay (Tre- lease, 3324). Grimmia conferta Funck, Moostaschenb., p. 18, pi. 12. From St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2470a) ; St. Matthew Island (Tre- lease, 2167). Seems to belong to G. cofiferta by the short, hemispherical capsule, but the peristome is wanting. Grimmia maritima Turn. Muscol. hib., p. 33, pi. 3, f. 2. From Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2303) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2279) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 3335); Kodiak (Trelease, 3305, 2316); Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 63). New to Alaska. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 307 Grimmia torquata Grev. Scot, crypt, fl., iv, p. 199. From Kodiak (Trelease, 2203, 2204). Grimmia elatior Br. eur., fasc. 25-28, p. 17, pi. \o^ forma? From Yukon River (W. H. Dall). New to Alaska. We find only some stems of this moss, with a single capsule, mixed with Polytrichum yukoiieitse Card. & Ther., and their determina- tion remains rather doubtful. Kindberg has recorded from Alaska G. agassizii Sulliv. and Lesq. and from Unalaska G. crasshieri'fs C. Miill. Rhacomitrium patens Hub. Muscol. germ., p. 19S. From Unalaska (J. M. Macoun) . RHACOMITRIUM SUDETICUM ALASKANUM var. nov. Forma minor, habitu varietati tenellum Boul. similis, sed foliis subepiliferis vel apiculo hyalino omnino destitutis costaque validiore distincta. Hidden Glacier Inlet, Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 250S in part). Rhacomitrium aciculare Brid. Mant., p. So. From Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 573) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1849). Rhacomitrium nevii Wats. Bot. Calif., 11, p. 381. From Juneau (Trelease, 2174) ; Atka Island (J. M. Macoun). Rhacomitrium fasciculare Brid. Mant., p. So. From Portage Bay (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 17S5, 2322); Cape Fox (Trelease, 2377); Muir Glacier (Trelease, 17S1, 2455) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1786, 2193) ; Sitka (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 47) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 1769, 2346, 2350)- Number 2322 is a forma minor. Rhacomitrium tenuinerve Kindb. Rev. bryol., 1S96, p. 19. R. fasciculare var. Jiaplocladoti Kindb. Not. on Can. bryol., 1893. R. microcarptim var. palmeri Kindb. apud Macoun, Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci, p. 267. R. paiineri Kiy^ii'Q. Rev. bryol., 1896, p. 19. From St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun) ; St. Matthew Island (Tre- lease, 18S5, 2169); Pribilof Islands (Palmer, 1891). R. tc7iuiiierve and palmeri of Kindberg surely constitute but one species, which differs from R. fasciculare Brid. principally by its weak, flat costa, disappearing far from the point. Kindberg is mis- taken in attributing to R. palmeri a percurrent or subexcurrent costa. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Juh", 1902. 308 CARDOT AND THERIOT On the original specimen collected by Palmer, and which Kindberg himself formerly communicated to us, the costa has exactly the same length and the same structure as in R. tenuinerve. The latter is a form with long simple or hardly branched stems, whereas R. palmeri is a shorter and more ramulose form. RHACOMITRIUM CYCLODICTYON sp. nov. (Plate XV, fig. 3''-».) Dioicum ? parvum, dense cespitosum, atrofuscum. Caulis depressus, ramosissimus, ramis confertis, erectis, brevibus, 3-5 millim. longis. Folia siccitate suberecta vix flexuosa, madore erecto-patentia, 1.25 mil- lim. longa, 0.5 lata, ovato-lanceolata, mutica, integerrima, inferne mar- ginibus revoluta, costa sat tenui, 35—40 p. crassa, paulo sub apice eva- nida, rete subcequali, cellulis infimis juxta costam paucis rectangulis vel sublinearibus, haud sinuosis, omnibus caoteris rotundatis vel brevissime ovatis, 8-12 /jt latis, parietibus incrassatis, levibus sed valde convexis, ita ut papillas maximas gemulent. Folia perichjetialia multo majora, e basi subvaginante sensim et longe acuminata, madore' erecta. Cap- sula in pedicello brevi, purpureo, demum nigricante, siccitate sinistror- sum torto, 5 millim. longo, erecta, anguste cylindrica, 1.5 millim. longa, 0.3 crassa. Sporte minute granulosa, diam. 16-17 /ji. Caetera ignota. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2431). A most remarkable species, which cannot be mistaken for any other on account of its characteristic areolation very different from that of all known species of the genus Rkaco?niiriti.m. Rhacomitrium heterostichum Brid. Mant,, p. 79. From Hot Springs (Trelease, 1773, 1774); Kodiak (Trelease, 1776); Orca (Trelease, 1961 in part). Rhacomitrium heterostichum affine (Schleich.) Card, and Th6r. From Unalaska (Trelease, 2296). Rhacomitrium lanuginosum Brid. Mant., p. 79. From Juneau (Setchell, 1240) ; New Metlakatla (Trelease, 1949) ; Virgin Bay (Trelease, 1775); Sitka (Trelease, 1772); Kodiak (Brewer and €06,655); Hall Island (Trelease, 1777, 1778); St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1S56), Number 1949 is the iormfalcata Boul. Numbers 1777, 177S and 1856 belong to a form stricta. (Branches rigid when dry, subdisti- chous ; leaves erect-appressed. ) THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 3O9 Rhacomitrium canescens Brid. Mant., p. 78. From Orca (Setchell, i3ii) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, ijS^d, 1^66, 1767, 1768, 2423, 2429, 2456) ; Hidden Glacier Inlet, Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 17S0 in part) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1779 in part) ; Unalaska (J. M. Macoun) . Rhacomitrium canescens ericoides Br. eur., fasc. 25-28, p. 12, pi. 8, fig. y. From Yakutat (Trelease, 1794) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1065 in part, 1770, 1779 in part, 2505, 2506; Brewer and Coe, 639, 640); Hubbard Glacier (Coville and Kearney, 107 1, 1073 in part, 1065 in part); Hidden Glacier Inlet (Trelease, 1771, 17S0 in part) ; Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 995) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1764, 1765, 2418, 2430, 2464) ; Muir Inlet (Coville and Kearney, 636) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 776), Numbers Trelease, 17S0 in part, and Coville and Kearney, 1073 iu part, constitute a form epilosa or subepilosa. Coscinodon fulvinafus Spreng. has, teste M. W. Harrington, been recorded from Alaska by Lesquereux and James. Family ORTHOTRICHACE^. Amphoridium lapponicum Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 247. From Orca, 1,200 ft. (Trelease, 2246) ; Fort Wells (Brewer and Coe, 651) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2323). Amphoridium mougeotii Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 248. From Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 577). New to Alaska. Ulota drummondii Brid. Bryol. univ., i, p. 299. From Kodiak (Trelease, 2209) ; Unga (Saunders, 2292). Ulota phyllantha Brid. Mant., p, 113. From Bailey Harbor (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 2837) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2337a) ; Unalaska (Tre- lease, 2297) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2210, 2227) ; Baranof Island (Tre- lease, 2348) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2078, 2470 in part). Numbers 2348 in part, 2470, 2337a and 2297 belong to the form called U. maritijiia by C. Miiller and Kindberg, ULOTA ALASKANA sp. nov. (PI. XV, fig. 4''-''.) Ex affinitate U. a-ispce Brid., a qua primo visu differt magnitudine, habitu robustiore (caule 2—4 centim. alto, valde ramoso), pedicello longiore (4-6 millim.), foliis inferne angustius hyalino-limbatis (4-5 3IO CARDOT AND THERIOT seriebus cellularum), sporis majoribus, diam. 19—33//, et praesertim capsula siccitate ore dilatata, nunquam infra orificium constricta. From Wrangell (Coville and Kearney, 407) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 774) ; New Metlakatla (Trelease, 2239) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2337) ; Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2499) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 2347). By the shape of its capsule, dilated at the mouth, this species is very distinct fi^om U. bt'uchii Hornsch. and U. ititerjnedia Sch. It can- not be, either, mistaken for U. connectens Kindb., which, according to the author, has a short, hardly emergent seta. U. camptopoda Kindb. would appear, according to the description, nearer to U. alaskana^ but as Kindberg has recently joined it to his U. con- nectens^ we need not take it into account. Besides, he gave it the aspect of U. crispula Bruch, which does not at all agree with our U. alaskajta, characterized by its great size and the length of its seta. ULOTA CRISPA SUBCALVESCENS var. nov. Capsula brevis, madida ut in U. crispula^ sed sicca et vacua sub ore constricta ut in U. crispa. Calyptra tantum apice pilosa. Baranof Island (Trelease, 2348 in part). Two small tufts, mixed with U. phyllantha Brid. Ulota barclayi Mitt. Journ. Linn. Soc, viii, p. 26. From Cape Fox (Trelease, 2384). First discovered at Sitka by Barclay. Orthotrichum arcticum Sch. Br. eur. Suppl., pi. 5, et Syn., ed. 2, p, 310. From St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2081, 2470). New to Alaska. ORTHOTRICHUM FENESTRATUM sp. nov. (PI. XVI, fig. 2«-".) Monoicum, laxiuscvile pulvinatum, atroviride, intus nigricans. Caulis pluries divisus, 1-1.5 centim. altus. Folia erecta, sicca im- bricata, madida vix patentia, media 3.5 millim. longa, 0.75—1 lata, superiora majora, lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, acuta, marginibus integris usque apicem versus revolutis, costa angusta fuscescente sub apice evanida, cellulis inferioi-ibus subhyalinis, rectangulis, 2-4 long, quam lat., margines versus brevioribus, parietibus sinuosis, mediis et superioribus intequalibus, rotundatis vel breviter ovatis, diam. 9-12//, parietibus incrassatis. Flos masculus sub femineo sessilis, foliis peri- gonialibus brevibus, apice rotundatis, ecostatis vel obsolete costatis, para- THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 3II physibus filiformibus. Capsula in pedicello brevi, 1-3 millim. longo exserta, pallida lutea, ovato-pyriformis, sicca subglobosa basi abrupte constricta, madida sensim collo longo in pedicello defluente attenuata, levis vel siccitate vix plicatula, cum collo 3 millim. longa, 1.5 crassa, stomatibus emersis, fasciis subindistinctis, cellulis paululum flavidiori- bus et magis incrassatis compositis, operculo depresso, longirostro. Calyptra conico-campanulata, plicatula, pilis paucis albidis ornata, apice brunnea. Vaginula nuda. Peristomium, ut videtur, simplex, dentibus S bigeminatis, pallida luteis, granulosis, siccitate erectis vel patentibus, in dimidio superioi"e cancellatis et cribroso-perforatis. Spora pro genero maxinice, diam. 34— 28 //., fuscse, papillosEe. From St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun) . This moss was distributed as O, ano??talum Hedw., but it bears no resemblance to that species. It is allied to O. cribrosti7n C. Miill. from the Chukchi peninsula, Siberia, chiefly by the shape of the capsule and the structure of the peristomial teeth, but it differs from it by its larger size and the leaf-areolation, composed of less incrassate and less papillose cells. In O. cribrosiim the leaf-cells are strongly incrassate and coarsely papillose from the base. Orthotrichum speciosum Nees v. Esenb. in Sturm, Deutsch. Fl., fasc. 17. From Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 791). A doubtful specimen also from Wrangell (Trelease, 3314 in part). Orthotrichum pulchellum Brunt, in Engl, bot., pi. 17S7. Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 3513) ; Wrangell (Trelease, 3314 in part) ; Sitka (Tre- lease, 3353). Family ENCALYPTACE^. Encalypta vulgaris Hedw. Sp. muse, p. 60. From Juneau (Setchell, 1333 in part). E. commutata Nees & Hornsch., E. rhabdocarpa Schw., E. macouiiii Aust. and E. alaskana Kindb. have been reported from Alaska. Family TETRAPHIDACE^. Tetraphis geniculata Girg. mss. Milde in Bot. Zeit., 1S65, p. 155, From Port Etches (J. M. Macoun) ; Sitka (J. M. Macoun ; Tre- lease, 3353, 2362, 2363) ; Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2306) ; Orca (Tre- lease, 3263); Douglas Island (Trelease, 2394, 2401, 2413). Tetrafhis pellucida Hedw. has also been reported from Sitka. 312 CARDOT AND THERIOT Family SPLACHNACE^E. Dissodon splachnoides Grev. & Arn. in Mem. Wern. Soc, v, p. 468, pi. 15. From Port Wells (Coville and Kearney, 1292, 1295). Tayloria serrata Br. eur., fasc. 23-24, p. 6, p\. i. From St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). Tayloria tenuis Sch. Syn., ed. 2, p. 360. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2321, 2474) ; Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2475) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 2471, 2472). New to Alaska. Tetraplodon mnioides Br. eur., fasc. 23-24, p. 5, pi. 2. From Wrangell (Coville and Kearney, 432) ; Yakutat Bay (Tre- lease, 2473) ; New Metlakatla (Trelease, 2477) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2502) ; Popof Island (Saunders, 2479) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 24S1) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 24S2 ; Coville and Kearney, 2 114); St. Paul Island (J. M, Macoun). Tetraplodon mnioides cavifolius Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 304. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 24S0) ; St. Matthew Island (Brewer and Coe, 682, 683). Tetraplodon urceolatus Br. eur., fasc. 23-24, p. 7, pi. 3. From St. Matthew Island (J. M. Macoun). Splachnum sphaericum Linn. fil. apud Swartz, Method, muse, p. 33, pi. I, f. I. From Wrangell (Coville and Kearney, 431) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2473, 2478) ; Yes Bay (Gorman, 1291^) ; Unalaska (Trelease, 2298, 2476). Splachnum wormskjoldii Hornem. in Fl. dan., x, fasc. 28, p. 8, pi. 1659. From St. George Island (J. M. Macoun). Splachnum luteum Linn. Fl. suec, p. 954. From Koyukuk River (F. C. Schrader, 1899). New to Alaska. 5. vasculosum Linn, has, teste Bischoff, been reported from Sitka bv Les- quereux and James. Family FUNARIACEi®. ENTOSTHODON SPATHULIFOLIUS sp. nov. (PL xvii, fig. !<--•.) Polygamus, densiuscule ccspitosus, superne viridis, intus fuscescens. Caulis erectus, 10-15 niillim. altus, radiculosus, ramosus, ramis gracili- bus claviformibus, sub perichtetiis nascentibus. Folia moUia, sicca erecto-appressa, interdum subcrispata, madida patula, inferiora minuta. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 313 ovata, superiora majora, 1.5-2 millim. longa, i lata, oblongo-spathu- lata, integra, obtusa subapiculatave, marginibus planis ; basin versus interdum subrevolutis, costa teniii, attenuata, plus minus longe ab apice evanida, rete laxo, cellulis basilaribus subrectangulis, 60-So ii longis, 30 !J. latis, mediis superioribusque brevioribus, rectangulis, quadratis vel subhexagonis, long. 25—30 /ji, lat. 20 //, marginalibus stepe longi- oribus angustioribusque, lutescentibus, 1-2-seriatis. Flores polygami, terminales, nunc unisexuales, nunc synoici ; flores masculi in extremi- tate ramorum nascentes. Capsula in pedicello pallide luteo, 6—9 millim. longo, flexuoso, oblique erecta, pyriformis, collo distincto attenuata, operculo convexo, mamillato. Calypti'a brevis, cucullata, baud vel vix inflata. Caitera ignota. From St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2067, 2074). A remarkable species, very distinct fi-om all the Entosthodon of Europe and North America by its polygamous inflorescence, its leaves shortly spatulate, obtuse or subapiculate, and its calyptra hardly swell- ing. It is much to be regretted that the too immature capsules do not shovv^ the peristome, annulus and spores. Funaria hygrometrica Sibth. Fl. oxon., p. 2S8. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 2402). Funaria hygrometrica calvescens Br. eur., fasc. 11, p. 8, pi. 3. From Fort Yukon (F. C. Schrader). Family BARTRAMIACE^. Bartramia ithyphylla Brid. Muscol. recent., 11, part in, p. 132, pi. I, f. 6. From Port Clarence (Trelease, without number) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 2520) ; Orca, 1,400 ft. (Trelease, 3242, 24S3 in part) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 248S) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 2126); St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). Bartramia ithyphylla strigosa Wahlenb. Fl. lapp., p. 362. Bartramia itJiypJiylla var. rigidii/aScn. Syn., ed. 2, p. 510. Bartramia itJiyphylla subsp. rigidula Kindb. Eur. and N. Amer. Br., p. 323- From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2147, 2152, 2164; Coville and Kearney, 2181 ; Brewer and Coe, 679, 6S1). Bartramia pomiformis Hedw. Sp. muse, p. 164. From Yes Bay (Gorman, 1S3) ; Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 574, 577 in part) ; Orca (Sctchell, 1216 ; Trelease, 2243, 2483); Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2485) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 2408). 314 CARDOT AND THERIOT Bartramia oederi Sw. in Schrad. Journ. bot., 11, p. 181, pi. 3 B, f. 5. From Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 572) ; Port Wells (Coville and Kearney, 1 29 1 ) . B. menzt'esii'Turn., B. siibulata Br. eur., B. breviscta Lindb. and B. circi'iinu- lata C. Miill & Kindb. have been reported to occur in Alaska and the islands of Bering Sea. Conostomum boreale Sw. in Schrad. Journ. bot., i, iii, p. 26, pi. 5. From Port Wells (Trelease, 2281, 2486, 24S7) ; Orca (Trelease, 24S4) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 2137, 2138). Philonotis macounii Lesq. & Jam. Man., p. 20S. From Juneau (Canby, 487; Coville and Kearney, 5S5); Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1783 in part; specimen in bad state, and rather doubtful) . New to Alaska. Philonotis fontana Brid. Bryol. univ., 11, p. iS. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1799, 1800, 1803, 1899, 1910, 2437, 2438, 2444, 2451 ; Coville and Kearney, 637 in part) ; Point Gustavus (Saunders, 1798; Coville and Kearney, 760); Hidden Glacier Inlet, Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 181 1, 1812) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1823, 1827, 2509, 2510; Coville and Kearney, 1073); head of Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 961) ; Kukak Bay (Saunders, 1855); Kodiak (Trelease, 1789, 1843, ^^S^i 1928, 2190.?; Brewer and Coe, 657) ; Unalaska (Coville and Kearney, 1743, 1744) ; Popof Island (Saunders, 18^9; Trevor Kincaid) ; St. Matthew Island (Tre- lease, 1894) ; Attn Island (J. M. Macoun) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun) . A very variable plant. The numbers 1789, 1S43, 1852, 1855 and 1928 of Trelease, as well as numbers 1743 and 1744 of Coville and Kearney, are forms more or less resembling var. ccespitosa. A speci- men gathered on Unalaska Island by Mr. J. M. Macoun is a form remarkable by its subacute, distinctly nerved perigonial leaves, and by its stem-leaves, which are hardly revolute on the borders and possess a loose areolation, characters that place it near the var. ccespitosa^ but it differs from the latter by its stems provided with much more numerous fasciculate branches. On the other hand, it is closely con- nected with tlie form that Kindberg named P. acutijlora^ but in the latter the stem-leaves are strongly revolute. Number 181 2 of Ti'elease, as well as the specimens from Kukak Bay and St. Paul Island, constitute a heterophyllous deformation, with upper leaves often obtuse or subobtuse. The var. serrata Kindb. (Attn Island, teste Macoun) does not appear to be distinguishable from the type. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 315 Philonotis fontana caespitosa Sch. Syn., ed. 2, p. 530. Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1S19). Philonotis capillaris Lindb. in Hedwigia, 1S67, p. 40. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1S41). New to Alaska. This sterile specimen has, it is true, the aspect, size and areolation of the European P. capillaris^ but it differs from it by the leaves revolute on the borders from the base for two-thirds of their length. However, it seems impossible to ascribe it to another species. Moreover, according to Mr. Dixon (Handbook, p. 297), P. capillaris may have the leaves more or less revolute ; this character would then be only more marked on the plant from Kodiak. Kindbei-g has indicated from Alaska P. vancouveriejisis Kindb. and P. seriata Mitt. Family MEESEACE^. Meesea uliginosa Hedw., Descr., i, p. i, pi. i, 2. From Port Wells (Trelease, 22S4, 2287) : Fopof Island (Saunders, without number) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1S57, 2142). Meesea tschuctschica C. Miill. in Bot. Centralbl., 18S3, nos. 41-43. (PI. XXIII, fig. 3"-''.) From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1S93 in part). New to x^laska. This specimen agrees exactly with a scrap of the type kindly com- municated bv the Royal botanical museum of Berlin, but in the lat- ter the leaves are more crowded, giving to the plant a still more robust aspect. M. tschutschica differs from M. triquetra Angstr. by its larger size and broader leaf-cells. Paludella squarrosa Brid., Spec, muse, iii, p. 74. From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1893 in part). Family BRYACE^. Leptobryum pyriforme Sch., CoroU., p. 64. From Alaska, sine loco (A. Kellogg) ; Orca (Trelease, 2254, 3257) ; Bering Island (J. M. Macoun). Webera cruda Bruch in Hiib. Muse, germ., p. 425. From Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 578) ; White Pass, 3,000 ft. (Trelease, 2311, 2312); Orca (Trelease, 1840); Kodiak (Trelease, 2201) ; Unalaska (J. M. Macoun) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun), Webera nutans Hedw. Descr., i, p. 9, pi. 4. From Juneau (Trelease, 21S2 ; Brewer and Coe, 696) ; Port Clar- ence (Trelease, 2105) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 2378) ; New Metlakatia (Trelease, 2241) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2318, 2333) ; Orca (Tre- 3l6 CARDOT AND THERIOT lease, 2244) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2354, 2372) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 220S, 2223); Hall Island (Trelease, 2141); Douglas Island (Trelease, 2390, 2395, 2396, 2390, 2403) ; St. Lawrence Island (Trelease, 2122, 2123); St. Matthew Island (Coville and Kearney, 2124); Plover Ba}', Siberia (Trelease, 2533, 2534, 2538; Brewer and Coe, 668; J. M. Macoun; L. J. Cole)"! Webera nutans caespitosa Hiib., Muse germ., p. 429. From Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2307) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 21 88) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 2397, 2399, 2412). Webera nutans bicolor Hub., loc. cit. From St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2061) ; St. George Island (J. M. Macoun). Webera nutans strangulata Sch. CorolL, p. 66. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2320). Webera cucuUata Sch. CorolL, p. (^6. From Egg Island in Disenchantment Bay (Coville and Kearney, 1016 in part) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2269) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). WEBERA PSEUDOGRACILIS sp. nov. (PI. XVII, fig. 2"-3.) Dioica, laxe cespitosa, lutescenti-viridis. Caulis brevis, 4-5 millim. altus, simplex vel parce divisus. Folia aequaliter conferta, parva, sicca imbricata, madida erecto-patentia, 1-1.5 millim. longa, 0.4-0.6 lata, nee carinata, nee decurrentia, inferiora breviter ovata vel ovato- lanceolata, superiora lineari-lanceolata, acuta, apice denticulata, mar- ginibus e basi usque ad 0 leniter reflexis, costa sat valida, 56 fi basicrassa, percurrente vel subpercurrente, demum rubente, rete denso, cellulis inferioribus rectangulis, rubellis, mediis linearibus, 48-64 /i longis, 8 p. latis, superioribus anguste linearibus, flexuosis, parietibus valde incrassatis, mai-ginalibus angustioribus longioribusque. Folia perichcEtialia caulinis minora. Capsula in pedicello tiexuoso, rubello, circa 2 centim. longo pendula, pallida, obovata, cum operculo convexo, mamillato, 3 millim. longa. Flos masculus terminalis subdiscoideus. C^etera ignota. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2419, 2425, 2427, 2428, 2463.) Aspect of Webera gracilis De Not., but the areolation is different and much closer ; it is distinguished, on the other hand, from Webera drumtnondii Lesq. & Jam. by its leaves which are more crowded on the whole stem, and not carinate-concave, and its capsule hanging and with a mamillary lid. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 317 Webera annotina Bruch in Hiib. AIuscol. germ., p. 431. From New Metlakatla (Coville and Keai-ney, 370); Kodiak (Tre- lease, 3222) ; Unalaska (Trelease, 2300) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 2140). New to Alaska. Webera proligera Kindb. Enum. br. dovr., Append., no. 309. From Kodiak (Trelease, 2221). This species has also I'ecently been discovered in the Yukon ter- ritory by R. S. Williams, and in Minnesota by J. M. Holzinger. Webera albicans Sch. Coroll., p. 67. From Juneau (Trelease, 2172) ; Port Etches (J. M. Macoun) ; Sitka (Trelease, iSio) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 17S3 in part, 2433, 2440, 2458 ; Coville and Keai-ney, 637 in part) ; Yakutat Bay (Tre- lease, 1822 in part). Webera albicans glacialis Sch. loc, cit. From Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 580) ; Hidden Glacier Inlet, Ya- kutat Bay (Trelease, 1813, 1817) ; Hall Island (Treloase, 1883 in part). The following species have been recorded from Alaska and the islands of Bering Sea: W. folymorpha Sch., W. crudoides Sull. & Lesq., W. cucullati- formis Kindb., W. dn/mmofidi'i L,esq. & Jam. Genus BRYUM.^ Subgenus Cladodium Sch. BRYUM ATELEOSTOMUM Philibert sp. nov. (PI. XIX, fig. i«-/.) Polygamum, viride, densissime cespitosum, radiculis numerosis arete intertextum, Caulis ramosus, 1-1.5 centim. altus. Folia erecto-im- bricata, ad extremitatem caulis et ramorum in comam congesta, 1.2-1.4 millim. longa, 0.5 lata, ovato-lanceolata, costa excurrente cuspidata, basi hand decurrentia, marginibus limbatis integris, nunc planis, nunc plus minus longe revolutis, costa tcnui, 50-55 ;j. basi crassa, rete den- siusculo, cellulis inferioribus quadratis vel rectangulis, 25— c;o/z longis, 20—25 latis, ceteris oblongo- vel ovato-hexagonis, 28-41^// longis, 12- 13 latis. Capsula in pediccllo rubcllo breviusculo, circa i.:^ centim. longo, nutans vel pendula, ovata, collo brevi instructa, 2 millim. longa, operculo depresse convcxo, mamillato. Exostomil dcntes pallide lutei, concolores, articulis 20, rcgularibus. Endostomium vix evolu- ^ We are indebted to Mons. Philibert for the determinations of nearly all the species of this genus. He has himself described three of the new species in the Revue bryologique for 1900 and 1901. 3l8 CARDOT AND THERIOT tum,ssepius e membrana uniformi, tenui, fugaci compositum. Sporas iS-20 fi crassse. From Kukak Bay (Coville and Kearney, 1516). Bryum stenotrichum C. Miill. in Flora, 1SS7, p. 219. From Dyea Valley, Chilkoot and Taiyasanka (Krause brothers, 18S2). Bryum inclinatum Br. em-., fasc. 6-9, p. 17, pi. 3. From Juneau (Coville and Kearney, 571) ; Port Wells (Brewer and Coe, 652; Trelease, 2266, 2267) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 2381) ; Yaku- tat Bay (Trelease, 2319) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 3522a) ; Egg Island (Coville and Kearney, 1016) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2431) ; Kukak Bay (Coville and Kearney, 1536, 1590, 1602) ; Kodiak (Brewer and Coe, 656; Trelease, 2184, 2196, 2199, 3300, 3328; J. M. Macoun) ; Unalaska (B. W. Evermann) ; Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 26, 30, 33) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2065, 3068; J. M. Macoun); Hall Island (Coville and Kearney, 3056); Douglas Island (Trelease, 3400) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2144 ; Brewer and Coe, 680) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 2098, 2540, 2541 ; J. M. Macoun). Very numerous forms, of which some are rather doubtful, on account of the imperfect state of the capsules. BRYUM TRELEASEI Philib. sp. nov. (PI. XX, fig. i«-ff.) From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1890 in part, mixed with Hyp- 7ium revolvens) . We do no more than figure this species and the two following, which have been carefully described by Mons. Philibert, in the Revue bryologique, 1901, pp. 33-35, pi. viii, fig. i. BRYUM AGATTUENSE Philib. sp. nov. (PL XX, fig. 2«-''.) Described in Rev. bryol., 1901, p. 35, pi. viii, fig. 2. From Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 24, 27). BRYUM MUCRONIGERUM Philib. sp. nov. (PI. XVII, fig. 3"-/.) Described in Rev. bryol., 1900, p. 91, pi. v, fig. 3. From Port Wells (Trelease, 2270; Coville and Kearney, 1296); Cape Fox (Trelease, 2379) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2063, 2064, 2066). THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 319 Mons. Philibert describes the lid of this species as " convexe, peu saillant et obtus." We have seen it mamillate. Subgenus Eubryum Lindb. Bryum bimum Schreb. Spic. flor. lips., p. S3. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2460). New to Alaska. A short form. Bryum pallescens Schleich. Crypt, exsicc. helv., no. 2S. From Indian Camp in Yakutat Bay (Brewer and Coe, 650) ; Dis- enchantment Bay (Brewer and Coe, 633) ; Hubbard Glacier (Coville and Kearney, 1070) ; Egg Island (Coville and Kearney, 10S5) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1791, 2420, 2435, 2436, 2439, 2457) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2264) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 239S) ; Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 28, 32) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2145) ; St. Paul island (Coville and Kearney, 1S35 ; Trelease, 206S) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 2060, 2096, 2535). Several forms. Some specimens are rather doubtful because of the bad state of the capsules. BRYUM CYLINDRICO-ARCUATUM Philib. sp. nov. (PI. XVIII, fig. i"-?.) Monoicum (fide Philibert), viride, densiuscule cespitosum, radiculis numerosis intertextum. Caulis erectus, 1-2 centim. altus, superne ramos graciles emittens. Folia ad basin caulis et ramorum minuta, remota, superiora majora, in comam congesta, circa 2 millim. longa, I — 1.2 lata, sicca erecta subflexuosa, madida patentia patulave, e basi paululum decurrente ovato- vel oblongo-lanceolata, late breviterque acu- minata, mucronata, marginibus integris hand limbatis parce revolutis, costa basi 80 11 crassa superne attenuata breviter excui'rente, rete den- siusculo, cellulis inferioribus laxioribus rectangulis, 55—85 // longis, 22 latis, mediis oblongo-hexagonis, long. 28-56^4, lat. 14, superioribus minoribus brevioribusque. Flos masculus terminalis, 25-30 antheridiis. Capsula in pedicello rubello flexuoso, 2 centim. longo, apice curvato, nutans vel pendula, anguste cylindrica, arcuata, longicollis, operculo obtuse conico. Peristomii dentes longissimi, basi rubri. Endosto- mium valde perfectum, ciliis appendiculatis. Spone leves, diam. i3/i. From Kodiak (Trelease, 21S6). Bryum argenteum Linn. Sp. plant., p. ii3o. From Bogoslof volcano (Coville and Kearney, 2614 in part) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 15 13, 2090; J. M. Macoun). Number 2090 is a form near var. inajus Br. eur. 320 CARDOT AND THERIOT BRYUM LAURENTIANUM sp. nov. (PI. XIX, fig. r-0.) Elatum, densissime cespitosum, lutescenti-viride. Caulis 3-4 centim. altus, radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, ramis numerosis erectis sub- clavatis. Folia sicca et madida erecto-imbricata, ovato- vel oblongo- lanceolata, circa 1.5 millim. longa, 0.75 lata, acute acuminata, niar- ginibus planis inferne integris, superne distincte denticulatis, costa valida demum f uscescente, basi 80-100 /i crassa, sensini attenuata et sub apice evanida, cellulis basilaribus rectangulis, mediis superioribusque rectangulis vel oblongo-subhexagonis, long. 40-75/1, lat. 14-17, mar- ginalibus 4-5 seriatis, longioribus angustioribusque, linearibus, par- ietibus paululum crassioribus, limbum parum distinctum efforniantibus. Caetera ignota. From St. Lawrence Island (Trelease, 1S71). This species, which seems to belong to the group of £. alpinum Huds., is chiefly characterized by its more acuminate and distinctly denticulate leaves, and by its nerve disappearing below the apex. BRYUM LEPTODICTYON Philib. sp. nov. (PI. xviii, fig. 3«-/.) Dioicum, gregarium, pallide vel lutescenti-viride. Caulis erectus, simplex, 4—6 millim. altus. Folia sicca imbricata, madida erecta, inferiora minora, ascendendo majora, anguste lanceolata, sublinearia, sensim longeque acuminata, 1-1.8 millim. longa, 0.35 lata, basi hand decurrente, marginibus planis inferne integris, superne minute dentic- ulatis, costa angusta, basi 55 ij. crassa, percurrente, rete perfecte weberaceo, cellulis uniformibus linearibus, mediis 45-60 p. longis, 5- 6 latis. Capsula in pedicello rubello flexuoso, 1.5-2 centim. longo, abrupte pendula, oblonga, parva, 2 millim. longa, 0.8-0.9 crassa, pallida, collo brevi attenuata, operculo conico apiculato. Feristomium perfectum, dentibus basi rubris, ciliis appendiculatis. Sporae leves, diam. 9-12 11. From Hidden Glacier in Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 964). Species very distinct, having quite the facies and areolation of a Weber a with the peristome of Bryum. BRYUM HETEROGYNUM Philib. sp. nov. (PI. XIX, fig. 2"-!'.) Dioicum. Cespites humiles, intense rubri, tetate vinosi, basi terra obruti. Caulis erectus, radiculosus, ramosus, 5—12 mill, altus. Folia sicca erecta, madida erecto-patentia, ovato-lanceolata,i.5 millim. longa, THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 321 0.5-0.6 lata, sat longe acuminata costaque excurrente cuspidata, apice parce et acute denticulata, marginibus scepius limbatis, limbo inferne angusto, piano, superne crassiore, distincto, interdum subreflexo, rarivis deficiente, costa angusta, basi 50-55 ij. crassa, sensim attenuata, cellulis inferioribus rectangulis, 50-65 p. longis, 17—22 latis, mediis oblongo-hexagonis, 45-55 !'■ longis, 13 latis, marginalibus angus- tioribus linearibus. Capsula in pedicello rubello, 2.5-3 centim. longo, nutans vel pendula, ovato-pyriformis, collo attenuate instructa, 3-4 millim. longa, operculo convexo. Exostomii dentes pallida fer- ruginei. Endostomium perfectum, ciliis appendiculatis. Planta mascula brevis, gemmiformis, cespites distinctos efformans, foliis breviter ovato-cuspidatis. From Mviir Glacier (Trelease, 2426, 2434, 2441, 2461, 2462) ; Hidden Glacier Inlet in Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 25 iS). Bryum acutiusculum C. Miill. in Flora, 18S7, p. 220. From Chilkoot (Krause brothers). Bryum caespiticium Linn. Sp. plant., p. 11 21. Alaska, sine loco (Frederick Funston, 26) ; Muir Glacier, (Tre- lease, 2427 in part). Bryum pallens Sw. Muse, suec, pp. 47, 98, pi. 4, f. 12. From head of Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 960) ; Disen- chantment Bay (Trelease, 2522 ; forma rzcbro-vinosa) . New to Alaska. BRYUM PSEUDOSTIRTONI Fhilib. sp. nov. (PI. XVIII, fig. 4«-3). Saepe synoicum, dense cespitosum, sordide vel lutescenti-viride. Caulis elongatus, filiformis, parce ramosus, 2.5-4 centim. altus. Folia moUia, laxiuscula, sicca erecto-imbricata, madida erecto-patentia, caulina ovato-lanceolata, acuminata costacjue longe excurrente cuspi- data, 2 millim. longa, 0.7 lata, marginibus integris planis vel subre- flexis, costa angusta, 60-70 jj. basi lata, rete laxo, cellulis inferioribus rectangulis, mediis superioribusque ovato-hcxagonis, long. 28-^0 //, lat. 14—17, marginalibus angustioribus. Folia I'amea minora, inferiora ovata, subobtusa vel breviter cuspidata. Capsula in pedicello gracili, 1.5 centim. longo, nutans vel pendula, oblonga, parva, 2 millim. longa, collo brevi attenuata, sicca sub or econstricta, operculo conico-mamil- lato. Exostomii dentes pallidi, basi rubri. Endostomium perfectum, ciliis nunc longe appendiculatis, nunc simplicibus. Sporaj 12-18 // crassae. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2448, 2459). 322 CARDOT AND THERIOT BRYUM HARRIMANI sp. nov. (PI. XXI, fig. I«-3). Sat robustum, densiuscule ccspitosum, lutescenti-viride. Caulis erectus, 3-4 centim. altus, fragilis, radiculosus, laxe foliosus, ramosvis, ramis erectis, obtusis. Folia niollia, sicca erecto-patentia, madida patula, 1.2-1.6 millim. longa, o.S-0.9 lata, basi paululum decurrentia, integra, margine plana vel subreflexa, dimorpha, inferiora ovato-lanceo- lata, acuta, superiora et ramulina late ovata, valde concava, apice obtuso cucullato, costa tenui, 40-45 fi basi crassa, in foliis inferiorihus acutis percurrente vel breviter excurrente, in superioribus obtusis sub apice evanida, rete laxissimo, parce chlorophylloso, cellulis inferioribus quadratis vel breviter rectangulis, long. 40-50 ,a, lat. 25-35, cteteris ovato-hexagonis, marginalibus linearibus 1—2 seriatis. Ctetera ignota. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1793) ; Hidden Glacier Inlet (Tre- lease, 17S4 in part, 181 5). This moss can be placed near J?, ohttisifolitim Lindb. from which it is easily distinguished by its dimorphous leaves, plane on the borders, and of a looser texture. Bryum pseudotriquetrum Schw. SuppL, i, 11, p. no. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1806, 2435a) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1848a, 1850) ; Unalaska (Trelease, 2299) ; St. Paul Island (Tre- lease, 2068). Bryum duvalii Voit, in Sturm, Deutsch. fl., 11, Heft 12. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 181 7 in part, 1822 in part) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 2285) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1842, 1846). BRYUM DUVALII OBTUSATUM var. nov. A forma typica differt foliis obtusis, apice cucullato denticulato, basi paululum minus decurrentibus. From Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 2517). BRYUM DREPANOCARPUM Philib. sp. nov. (PI. XVII, fig. i«-».) Ut videtur dioicum, laxiuscule cespitosum, fusco-viride vel rubro- vinosum. Caulis erectus, 1-2 centim. altus, inferne radiculosus, superne ramosus, ramis erectis, numerosis, gracilibus. Folia sicca erecto-flexuosa, madida erecto-patentia, circa 2 millim, longa, 0.9 lata, e basi baud vel parum decurrente oblongo-lanceolata, acumi- nata, acuta vel costa excurrente brevissime cuspidata, mariginibus integris, reflexis, anguste limbatis, costa tenui, attenuata, in foliis inferioribus percurrente, in superioribus breviter excedente, rete parce THE MOSSES OF ALASKA ^ 323 chlorophylloso, cellulis mediis subrectangularibus vel oblongo-hexa- gonis, long. 47-70 /z, lat. 16-23. Capsula in pedicello rubello, 1.5-2 cent, longo, nutans vel inclinata, aetate fusca, oblonga, collo longo attenuata, falcato-curvata, matura orificio dilatata, operculo conico, Peristomium perfectum ; exostomii dentes basi rubri ; endostomii membrana elata, ciliis appendiculatis. From Juneau (Canby, 485 ; Coville and Kearney, 579) ; Disen- chantment Bay (Trelease, 2515). This species, which offers many points of resemblance to B. ?tiees- eoides Kindb., differs from it by the peristomial teeth which are firmer, stiffer, more scabrous and reddish at the base, the segments more acuminate and perforate from more irregular openings, and the higher membrane. Subgenus Anomobryum Sch. Bryum bullatum C. Miill. in Flora, 1887, p. 221. From Takhin valley (Krause brothers). Other species of the genus Bryum which have been recorded from Alaska and the islands of Bering Sea are the following: B. alaskatiutn Kindb., B. brachyttcuron Kindb., B. cafillare Linn., B. erythrophyllum Kindb., B. fallax Milde, B. froudei Kindb., B. lacustre Brid., B. meeseoides Kindb., B. micro- stegioides Kindb., B. obtusifolium Lindb., B.fetiduliim Sch., B. ivrightii Sulliv. Quite recently, the late Mr. Philibert has described in the Revue Bryologique, 1901 , fasc. 2, two other new species, B. submuticum and B. siiborbiculare^ collected in the vicinity of Dawson by Mr. R. S. Williams. Family MNIACEiE. Mnium medium Br. eur., fasc. 5, p. 32, pi. 10. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1720, 1721 in part) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1718, 1719a; Coville and Kearney, 1075); Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 785). Mnium affine Bland. Muse, frond, exsic, fasc. 111, no. 133. Schw. SuppL, I, 11, p. 134. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1713) ; Kodiak (Trelease, I'jz^b^ ; Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 38). Mnium affine elatum Br. eur., fasc. 5, p. 30, in part. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1726) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2093 ; a stunted form). Mnium rugicum Laur. in Flora, 1827, p. 292. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1725(2) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 2100). Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., July, 1902. 324 CARDOT AND THERIOT Mnium insigne Mitt, in Hook. Journ. of hot., 1S56, p. 230. From Alaska, sine loco (Evans, 1S97) ; Wrangell (Trelease, 171 1) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 3380); Sitka (Trelease, I'ji^d, 1716) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 3069). New to Alaska. Mnium spinulosum Br. eur., fasc. 31, Suppl. p. 4, pi. 4. From Skagway (Canby, 4S0). Mnium punctatum datum Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 398. From Fort Wells (Trelease, 1723, 1724; Coville and Kearney, 1294); Indian camp, Yakutat Bay (Brewer and Coe, 643 in part) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 171 7) ' Cape Karluk (Brewer and Coe, 687); Sitka (Trelease, 1715 in part); Kodiak (Trelease, 1725) ; St. George Island (C. Hart Merriam in 1S91). MNIUM PUNCTATUM ANCEPS var. nov. A forma typica differt foliis saepe cucullatis cellulisque superioribus rnulto minoribus, fere isodiametricis ut in J\f. glab7'escente^ sed ab illo limbo hand incrassato distincta. From Unalaska (Trelease, 1727). Mnium nudum Williams in Bryologist, 1900, p. 6. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 172 1). New to Alaska. This specimen agrees exactly with M. nudum Williams, from Idaho and Montana. Mr. Williams mentions as distinctive characters for his species, in comparison with J/, punctatzim^ nothing but the un- thickened margin of the leaf and the naked, not radicvilose stems. Now, in the European specimens of M. punctatum var. elatum^ it very often happens that the margin of the leaf is not thickened at all or only slightly towards the base ; this character, therefore, is not valu- able. But, besides the naked or hardly radiculose stems and the smaller height, M. nudu77i differs from M. punctatum var. elatum by a more regularly hexagonal areolation, the cells towards the margins being larger (45-55 /^ instead of 28-35) and the ones near the costa of the same length as in the allied species (70-100, a) but broader (50-60 /J, instead of 40-45) ; and the lid of M. ntidum is shortly apic- ulate, while in AI. punctatum it is rather long beaked. However, these distinctive characters are not of great importance, and it seems to us preferable to regard M. nudzim as a subspecies of Af. punctatufti. Mnium glabrescens Kindb. Notes on Canad. bryol., 1893. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans, 1897) ; Farragut Bay (Tre- lease, 1712, 2417; Brewer and Coe, 611, 614); Orca (Trelease, 1723,3348; Setchell, 1200); Port Wells (Trelease, 2265); Sitka THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 325 (Trelease, 1714, 1715; Canby, 461; Setchell, 1254; W. G. Wright, 1604) ; Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun) ; St. George Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Yes Bay (Gorman, 1S4 in part) ; Wood Island (Brewer and Coe, 664). This species is distinguished from M. piinctatujn by its cells which are nearly isodiametric and much smaller, by its larger and thicker margo, the axile fascicle of the nerve, which is colored in red and forms a line generally very distinct, the larger spores (44-55/^, instead of 30-40) and the higher peristome (0.75 millim., instead of 0.60). Moreover the nerve is usually shorter than in M. punctatum. Mnium subglobosum Br. eur., fasc. 31, Suppl., p. 3, pi. 3. From Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 17 19); Port Wells (Coville and Kearney, 1293) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). Mnium cinclidioides Hiib. Muscol. germ., p. 416. From Douglas Island (Trelease, 2410; a small form). Leucolepis acanthoneura Lindb. Mniac. europ., p. So. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H.Evans, 1S97) ; Sitka (J. M. Macoun). Aulacomnium palustre Schw. Suppl., in, 1,1, pi. ccxvi. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1S96) ; Wrangell (Trelease, 1907) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 1900, 1901) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1845, 1851, 1898, 1919, 1924); Popof Island (Saunders, 1S58) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1905) ; St. Lawrence Island (Trelease, 1903) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 2547). Aulacomnium turgidum Schw. Suppl., in, i, i. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 19S6) ; St. Matthew Island (Tre- lease, 1887 in part, 1904) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). Aulacomnium androgynum Schw. Suppl., in, i, i, pi. ccyi\. From Sitka (Trelease, 2371); Kodiak (Trelease, 2185). New to Alaska. Timmia austriaca Hedw. Spec, muse, p. 176, pi. xlii, f. 1-7. From White Pass (Trelease, 2310 in part). A sterile and stunted form, w^ith short leaves. Family POLYTRICHACEiE. BARTRAMIOPSIS LESCURII Card. & Ther. not Kindb. (PI. XXI, fig. 2"-'.) Atrickiim lesairii ]awes, Manual, p. 257. Bartrainiopsis sitkana Kindb. (utsubsp.) in Rev. bryol., 1894, p. 35. From Virgin Bay (Trelease, 1733); Orca (Trelease, 1731); Douglas Island (Trelease, 1729, 1730). 326 CARDOT AND THERIOT The moss which was described by Mr. Kindberg under the name of B. lescurii^ from sterile specimens collected in Japan, does not seem to be the true Atrichum lescurii James, because its leaves are only incurvate and not crispate when dry. On the contrary, it is prob- able that B. sitkana of Kindberg, equally described from sterile specimens, differs in nothing from the species of James. The latter was, after all, imperfectly known until now, the author having seen neither the calyptra nor the lid, and having been unable to ascertain the existence or absence of a peristome. Therefore, we here give a complete description with drawings of this interesting moss, which, by the absence of the peristome and chiefly by the structure of its leaves, which, except on the borders, consist of two layers of cells, seems to us to constitute a genus distinct from Atrichum} Dioicum, laxe cespitosum, atroviride. Caulis gracillimus, filiformis, flexuosus, simplex furcatusve, laxe foliosus, inferne longissime denu- datus, 3-8 cent, altus. Folia sicca crispatissima, madida arcuato- patula, 4 millim. longa, basi subvaginantia, lineari-lanceolata, acu- minata, marginibus basis inferne integris, superne utroque latere 3-5 ciliis longis ornatis, marginibus laminse planis valde serratis, haud limbatis, costa lata, dorso levi, ventro lamellosa, lamellis 5-S, mar- gine dentatis, in sectione transversali e 6-'$> seriebus cellularum f ormatis ; cellulis basilaribus areolationis rectangulis, hyalinis, 4-6 long, quam lat., rete laminae opaco, cellulis minutis hexagonis (diam. 8/x), bistra- tosis, tantum ad margines unistratosis ibique limbum translucentem fingentibus. Capsula in pedicello rubello brevi, 8-12 millim. longo, erecta, primum breviter ovato-cylindrica, aetate turbinata, gymno- stoma, ore valde dilatato, epiphragmate columella adhserente clauso, operculo alte conico, longe acuminato, capsulam fere aequante. Calyptra nuda, glabra, breviter acuminata, operculum tantum obtegens. Sporae ovatcE vel subtrigonae, diam. 12-16;^. Atrichum parallelum Mitt, in Journ. Linn. Soc, viii, p. 48, pi. 8. A. leiophylhmi Kindb. in Bull. Torr, Bot. Club, xvii, p. 275. From Douglas Island (Trelease, 172S, 2415) ; Fort Etches (J. M. Macoun) . A. leiophyllum Kindb. cannot be specifically distinguished from A, parallelutn Mitt., the characters put forward by Mr. Kindberg to justify the creation of his species being liable to vary on the same specimen. Such is more particularly the case with number 217 of the Ca7iadian Mtisci^ the leaves of which are sometimes destitute of dentate crests on the back and sometimes possess them well-developed. 1 See Note 2, p. 347. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 327 On Other specimens, coming from Vancouver Island, the crests are more generally wanting ; however, they are sometimes found and the leaves often bear sparse teeth on the back toward the apex; moreover, the nerve is always lamellifei-ous on both sides, at least in the upper part. Oligotrichum aligerum Mitt, in Journ. Linn. Soc, viii, p. 48, pi. S. From Kodiak (Brewer and Coe, 65S). Oligotrichum integrlfolium Kindb. in Rev. bryol., 1S94, p. 40. O. Jiercynicum var. latifoliuni C. Mull. &: Kindb. in Macoun, Cat. Can. pi., VI, Musci, p. 149. From St. Lawrence Island (J. M. Macoun). New to Alaska. Mr. Kindberg has attributed this moss to O. hercyfiicum typicum, but it certainly belongs to his O. integrlfolium^ characterized by its broader leaves, smooth and entire on the back, and by the cells of the leaf-areolation which are much larger ; characters which appear to us sufficient to admit of a specific distinction. Psilopilum arcticum Brid. Bryol. univ., 11, p. 95. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 21 13, 2114, 2526) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun) ; St. Matthew Island (Coville and Kearney, 2125). The specimens from St. Matthew Island have their stem-leaves a little longer than those of the European specimens, their basilar cells with thicker walls and their perichaetial leaves hardly different from the comal ones, and thus almost exactly agree with Catharinea (^Psi- loplhirti) tschuctschlca C. MiilL, which does not appear to us a good species. Pogonatum capillare dentatum Lindb. in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., 1S72, p. 266. Polytrichiim dentatum Menz. in Trans, of the Linn. Soc, iv, p. 80, pi. 7, f. 4. From Juneau (Trelease, 1656; Brewer and Coe, 691a, 693, 695; Coville and Kearney, 583 ; Setchcll, 1230; Canby, 435, 436 in part) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 1654) > Kodiak (Trelease, 1653) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 1657) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). Pogonaticm detitatum (Menz.) Brid. is but a western race of P. capillare, characterized by having slenderer stems than those of the type, and by its pedicel which is not usually so flexuous. Pogonatum contortum Lesq. in Mem. Calif. Acad, i, p. 27. P. erythrodontiuyn Kindb. in Macoun, Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci, p. 150.^ lAs regards this synonymy, see Cardot, Etude sur la flore bryologique de I'Amerique du Nord. Revision des types d'Hedwig et de Schwcegrichen ; in Bull, de I'herb. Boissier, vii, pp. 366-368. 328 CARDOT AND THERIOT From Juneau (Canby, 436 in part) ; Wrangell (Trelease, 1652) ; Orca (Trelease, 1733; Coville and Kearney, 1306 in part) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1S47) 5 Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Yes Bay (Gorman, 182, with a slender, elongated male form of Dicranella heteromalla). Pogonatum urnigerum Pal. Beauv. Prodr,, p. 84. From Hidden Glacier Inlet, Yakutat Bay (Trelease, without num- ber) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1655) ; Hubbard Glacier (Co- ville and Kearney, 1072); Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1660). Pogonatum alpinum Rcehl. in Ann. Wett. Ges., in, p. 336. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans in 1S97) ; Juneau (Canby, without number; Trelease, 16S0 ; Coville and Kearney, 560,581); Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 16S8; Brewer and Coe, 648); Point Gus- tavus (Coville and Kearney, 792) ; Port Wells (Trelease, 1658, 1690); Orca (Trelease, 1691, 1693); Kukak Bay (Coville and Kearney, 1605); Sitka (Trelease, 1685); Kodiak (Trelease, 1695); Douglas Island (Trelease, 16833) ; Unalaska (J. M. Macoun) ; Attu Island (L. M. Turner) ; Kiska Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 9); St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun; L. J. Cole; Trelease, 1661, 1699; Coville and Kearney, 1821) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 1663; Brewer and Coe, 675) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 3545 ; Coville and Kearney, i860). Numerous forms, many of which pass to var. macounii. POGONATUM ALPINUM MACOUNII var. nov. P. macounii Kindb. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xvi, p. 96. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans in 1S97) ; Juneau (Setchell, 1237); Foggy Bay, near Cape Fox (Coville and Kearney, 3573); Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Sitka (W. G. Wright, 1603). No precise limits exist between P. alpinian and P. viacouiiii. Kindberg attributes 60 lamellae to the leaves of his species, but on the specimens which he sent to us we find only from 40 to 50 lamellae ; and, on the other hand, P. alpinum^ to which he at- tributes only 30 lamellae, often has 40. (Cfr. Barclay, Muscinees de la France, p. 19S, and Limpricht, Laubmoose, 11, p. 615.) There is no other more constant difference between the two mosses. P. fftacounii is therefore only a variety of P. alphuim^ characterized by its greater dimensions, its longer leaves, more widely spreading when dry and usually provided with more numerous lamellaa (40 to 50). This var. macounii represents an extreme form of P. alpiman^ of which the THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 329 Other extreme is var. brevifoliian. In the specimens from Alaska we find all gradations of form between the two varieties. Pogonatum alpinum septentrionale Brid. Bryol. univ., ii, p. 131. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1676); St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). Pogonatum alpinum arcticum Brid. Bryol. univ., 11, p. 131. From Egg Island, Disenchantment Bay (Coville and Kearney, 1006) . Pogonatum alpinum brevifolium Brid. Bryol. univ., 11, p. 131. From St. Paul Island (Trelease, 166 1 in part) ; St. Lawrence Is- land (Trelease, 1664) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 1662) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 1670; Brewer and Coe, 667). Pogonatum alpinum simplex Sch. Syn., ed. 2, p. 539. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 1665). New to Alaska. P. atrovirens Mitt, has been recorded from Alaska by Kindberg. P. micro- dontiiim Kindb., from St. Pavil Island, seems to us not distinct from P. alpinum var. septentrionale. Polytrichum formosum Hedw. Spec, muse, p. 92, pi. 19, figs, i, a. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans in 1897) ' Juneau (Trelease, 16S1 ; Canby, 429) ; New Metlakatla (Trelease, i67Sa, 1679) ; Wrangell (Trelease, 1679 bis; Canby, 434) ; Farragut Bay (Brewer and Coe, 610); Orca (Coville and Kearney, 1306; Setchell, 1204); Virgin Bay (Trelease, 16S9) ; Sitka (Trelease, 16S4, 1687; Coville and Kearney, Sii); Hot Springs (Trelease, 16S6) ; Kodiak (Tre- lease, 1694) ; Douglas Island (Trelease, 1682, 16S3). Polytrichum gracile Dicks. Menz. in Trans. Linn. Soc, iv, jd. 73, pi. 6, fig. 3. From Kodiak fTrelease, 1675). New to Alaska. Polytrichum commune Linn. Spec, pi., 11, p. 1109. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans in 1897) ; between Cook Inlet and the Tanana River (Capt. E. F. Glenn in 1S99) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1693; L. J. Cole). POLYTRICHUM YUKONENSE sp. nov. (PI. xxn, fig. 1"-/.) Caulis 5—8 centim. altus, simplex vel parcissime ramosus, inferne longe denudatus, basi tomento albido obtectus. Folia rigida, sicca suberecta, madida erecto-patentia, 4-6 millim. longa, i lata, e basi ap- pressa subvaginante lutescente breviter lineari-acuminata, in cuspidcm fuscam integram attenuata, marginibus erectis integris, lamcllis circiter 30, elatis, margine crenulatis, in sectione transversal! e 8-12 cellulis 330 CARDOT AND THERIOT compositis, cellula apicali majore, profunde emarginata. Caetera ignota. From Yukon River (W. H. Dall, in 1S67). This species is easily distinguished from the smaller forms of P. commune by its short and entire leaves, its higher lamellae with more deeply crenated borders and more strongly emarginated marginal cells. A recently described species, P. jensenii Hagen {^P. fragilifolhi7n Lindb. fil. mss.), w^hich has been found in Greenland, Spitzbergen, Lapland and Wyoming, comes very near our P. yukonense by its size and the height and structure of its lamellag, but differs from it by its leaves being longer and dentate at the point, by the cells of the basilar and subvaginant part, v^hich are wider, and by the much less emarginated apical cells of the lamellce. Polytrichum juniperinum Willd. Fl. berol, prodr., p. 305. From New Metlakatla (Trelease, 16781$) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 773 in part); Kodiak (Trelease, 1674, 1696); Long Island (Trelease, 1697); Port Clarence (Trelease, 1666, 1667, 1668; Brewer and Coe, 670; L. J. Cole). Numbers 1667, 1668 of Trelease, and 670 of Brewer and Coe con- stitute a form near var. alpinujn Sch. Polytrichum strictum Banks apud. Menz. in Trans. Linn. Soc, iv, p. 77, pi. 7, f. I. From New Metlakatla (Trelease, 1659); Wrangell (Coville and Kearney, 414); Virgin Bay (Trelease, 1672, 1673; Coville and Kearney, 1237); Sitka (Trelease, 1671, 16S7; Coville and Kearney, 893) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1675). Poljrtrichum hyperboreum R. Brown in Parry voyage, Suppl., p. 294. P. boreale K.itiT)B. in Mac. Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci, p. 155. From St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun) ; Plover Bay, Siberia (Coville and Kearney, i860 in part). It is impossible to distinguish from P. hyperboreum R. Br. the P. boreale of Kindberg, the characters mentioned by the author for the latter having no stability, even on the original specimens he has com- municated to us. P. sexatigulare FL, P. filiferum Schreb. and P. behringiatnun Kindb. have been reported by Kindberg from Alaska and the islands of Bering Sea. Family FONTINALACE^. Fontinalis patula Card, in Rev. bryoL, 1S96, p. 67. From Sitka (Trelease, 2368). New to Alaska. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 33 1 Family NECKERACE^. Neckera pennata Hedw. Descr., in, p. 17, pi. 19. From Skagway (Canby, 42S). iV. menziesii Drumm., iV. douglasii Hook, and Alsia abietina SuUiv., have been recorded from Alaska by Mr. Kindberg. Family LEUCODONTACE^. Antitrichia curtipendula Brid. Mant. mvisc, p. 136. From Wrangell (Trelease, 1993 ; Coville and Kearney, 404) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 1964a, 2012) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1821 in part, 1916) ; Orca (Trelease, 2010) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1920 in part) ; Unalaska (Trelease, 1983 ; J. M. Macoun) ; Popof Island (Saunders, 2293) ; Mist harbor, Nagai Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.). Antitrichia curtipendula gigantea SuUiv. Lesq. Musci bor. amer. exsicc, ed. 3, no. 356. Sch. Syn., ed. 2, p. 577. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 191 7) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 572) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 1964) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 2003); Kodiak (Trelease, 1922, 1931); Popof Island (Saunders, 2037); Unalaska (Trelease, 19S4). This variety is not always larger than the type ; it is specially characterized by its nerve being provided at the base with longer and more numerous fascicles (5-8 instead of 2-4) ; but doubtful forms are frequent. A. californica SuUiv. has, teste Rothrock, been reported from Alaska by Kindberg. Family HOOKERIACE^. Pterygophyllum lucens Brid. Mant. muse, p. 149. Sine loco (Brewer and Coe, 622). New to Alaska, if not col- lected in British Columbia. Family LESKEACE^. Myurella julacea Br. eur., fasc. 46-47, p. 3, pi. i. From Port Wells (Trelease, 22S6 in part). Myurella julacea scabrifolia Lindb. Muse, scand., p. 37. From Port Wells (Trelease, 1832 in part). New to Alaska. Family ISOTHECIACEiE. Climacium dendroides Web. & Mohr, Reise in Schwed., p. 96. From Alaska sine loco (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.) ; Disenchant- ment Bay (Trelease, 1703); Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1701) ; Head of Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 949) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 332 CARDOT AND THERIOT 1706) ; Hall Island (Trelease 1707) ; St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). The specimens from St, Paul Island are remarkable by their leaves being entire or nearly so, and provided with rounded auricles, larger than in the type. In C. americanicm Brid., the auricles are still more developed, and the areolation is chiefly formed of much shorter and wider cells. By its entire or subentire leaves, the form from St. Paul Island comes near var. orego7ietise Ren. & Card. Climacium ruthenicum Lindb. Act. Soc. Fenn., x, p. 34S. From Juneau (Setchell, 1231 ; Coville and Kearney, 599) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1704); Virgin Bay (Trelease, 1705); Port Etches (J. M. Macoun) ; Sitka (Trelease, 1702; Canby, 407). Orthothecium intricatum Br. eur., fasc. 48, p. 4, pi. 3, 3. From Bailey Harbor (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 1893). New to Alaska. A small form mixed with Claopodium bolandcri Best. Orthothecium chryseum Br. eur., fasc. 48, p. 3, pi. 2. From Port Wells (Trelease, 1897). Family THUIDIACE^. Pseudoleskea atrovirens Br. eur., fasc. 49-51, p. 2, pi. i. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1746a). New to Alaska. Pseudoleskea radicosa Best in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxvii, p. 230. P. rigescens Ren. & Card. Musci Am. sept, exsicc, no. 93. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 191 1). A slender and somewhat etiolated form. Pseudoleskea stenophylla Ren. & Card, in Bot. Centralbl,, 1890, no. 51, p. 421. P. rigescens Best, loc. cit., p. 232. Lesmrcea impej-fecta C. jMull. & Kindb. in Mac. Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci, p. 170, fide Best. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1759, 2056); Muir Glacier (Tre- lease, 1782, 3442, 2452, 2453); Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 753 in part). New to Alaska. Numbers 2056 of Trelease, and 753 in part of Coville and Kearney, exactly agree with the type of Washington ; the Aluir Glacier plant has the leaves somewhat wider at the base, but the form of the seg- ments of the endostome and the other characters leave no doubt as to its correct reference to P. stenophylla. Number 1759, from Yakutat Bay, is a stouter and sterile form, the determination of which is rather doubtful. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 333 In his valuable Revision of the North American species of Psetcdo- leskea (Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxvii), Dr. Best has substituted the name P. rigesce7is (Wils.) Lindb. for P. stenophylla Ren. & Card. It is impossible for us to admit any ^vell grounded reason for this change ; for, if Dr. Best saw, as he affirms, a specimen of Leskea rigescois Wils. identical with P. stenophylla Ren. & Card., on the other hand, we possess one which certainly belongs to P. radicosa (Drummond, Musci Americani, no. 225). Moreover, Dr. Best him- self acknowledges that both species were mixed up under this number of Drummond's exsiccata and under the name Hypn7{m congestuni Hook. & Wils. Now, as Wilson never described his Leskea rigescens^ it is impossible to know to which of the two species he wished to give this name, and that must, therefore, be definitely abandoned. One of the two species should be called P. radicosa (Mitt.) Best, the other should preserve the name P. stenophylla Ren. & Card. Thuidium abietinum Br. eur., fasc. 49-51, p. 9; pi. 5. From Port Clarence (Trelease, 2034, 2036). Claopodium bolanderi Best, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxiv, p. 431. From Bailey Harbor (U. S. S. Albatross Y.^^^^.. in 1893) ; Kodiak (J. M. Macoun). Kindberg mentions C crispifolium and C. laxifolium as coming from Alaska. His specimens of crispifolium that we have seen be- long to C. bolanderi. We have not seen any of the second one. Otherwise, it has been established that Leskea laxifolia Hook, is none other than Brachythecium refexum Br. eur. Family HYPNACE.E. Camptothecium nitens Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 530. From Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, without number). C. Itiiesceits Br. eur. has also been reported from Alaska. BRACHYTHECIUM BERINGIANUM sp. nov. (PI. XXII, fig. 3"-^-) Dense cespitosum, habitu formis minoribus P. albicajitis simile. Caulis erectus, 3-4 centim. altus, ramosissimus, ramis erectis, interdum fastigiatis, julaceis, acutis. Folia conferta, imbricata, caulina i .5 mil- lim. longa, 0.8 lata, ovato-lanceolata, basi paululum decurrentia, sat ab- rupte et breviuscule acuminata, concava, plicata, marginibus integris planis vel parce reflexis, ramea minora et angustiora, longius acuminata, costa tenui, basi 30-35 ,a crassa, vix ad medium producta, sicpe furcata et interdum brevissima, cellulis alaribus numerosis, quadratis, in 5-6 334 CARDOT AND THERIOT seriebus secundum margines superne productis, caeteris linearibus, 40-45 II longis, 6-7 latis, parietibus incrassatis. Caetera ignota. From St. Paul Island (Trelease, 1S61, 20S7) ; Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 40). Distinct from £. acmtiinatutti Ren. & Card, by its habit, its more abruptly acuminate leaves, etc. It more closely resembles B. albicans Br. eur., from which it differs by its shorter and more abruptly acuminate leaves, its quadrate more numerous alar cells, its more chlorophyllose areolation, and by its narrower, short and often bifurcate costa. Brachythecium albicans Br. eur., fasc. 52-54, p. 19, pi. 19. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2342) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1909) ; Wrangell (Canby, 46S, 472) ; Sturgeon River Bay, Kodiak (Trelease, 1930); St. Paul Island (Trelease, 1863); Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 16 in part). Several forms. Brachythecium salebrosum Br. eur., fasc. 53-54, p. 16, pi. 15, 16. From Cape Fox (Trelease, 1762 in part, 1963) ; Skagway (Canby, 481 in part, forma angiistifolia^ ; Yukon River (W. H. Dall, in 1S67) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2002); Agattu Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 16 in part). Brachythecium novae-angliae Jaeg. & Sauerb. Adumbr., 11, p. 394. From Kodiak (Trelease, 2057); St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2091). New to Alaska. On these specimens nearly all the leaves are smooth on the back ; however we have found a few branches with papillose leaves, which, added to the other characters, leaves no doubt as to their de- termination. Moreover, even on the specimens from New England, the leaves are sometimes quite smooth. This character is therefore variable, which prevents us from admitting the genus Bryhnia. Mr. A. J. Grout has recently ascertained that Hypnutn ckloropte- rum C. Miill. & Kindb., from Canada, and H. scabridurti Lindb., from Norway, should be reunited to B. nov(^-anglice (cf. Bull. Torr. Club, XXV, pp. 229-231). The distribution of this species, as it is now known, includes southern Norway, eastern Canada, Newfoundland, Miquelon Island, the Eastern States as far south as Maryland and as far west as Wisconsin, Alaska, the Bering Sea Islands and Japan. Brachythecium rivulare Br. eur., fasc. 52-54, p. 13, pi. 12. From Juneau (Trelease, 1796) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1S29) ; Orca (Trelease, 1840). THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 335 Number 1S29 resembles S. latifolium (Lindb.) Philib. by its widely decurrent leaves ; but the latter is a more slender plant, with a thinner costa and leaves hardly or not at all plicate. Brachythecium reflexum pacificum Ren. & Card, in Bot. Centralbl. 1S90, No. 51. (PI. XXIII, fig. 4""^) Eurhynchium pacificum Kindb. Eur. and N. Amer. br., p. loi. From Juneau (Trelease, 2173) ; Wrangell (Trelease, 1937); Cape Fox (Trelease, 1760a) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1746, 1758, 1826, 2339) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 2512 ; Brewer and Coe, 634) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1753, 1754, i755» 3469). New to Alaska. This variety, which seems to occur along the Pacific Coast from Oregon to Alaska, differs from the type by its stouter aspect, its stem- leaves larger, less triangular, rather ovate-lanceolate, not so abruptly acuminate, and revolute on the borders in the lower part, by its costa thinner and generally vanishing at the base of the acumen, and by its leaf-areolation composed of cells of the same width (about 9 11) but at least twice longer (80-90 /x, instead of 30—35) ; those in the angles longer too, rectangular, seldom quadrate. These characters seem to be constant, and perhaps Mr. Kindberg is right in considering this moss as a species distinct from B. rejlexufn. Brachythecium asperrimum Kindb. in Mac. Cat. Can. pL, vi, Musci, p. 300. From Cape Fox (Trelease, 2383). New to Alaska. Brachythecium lamprochryseum giganteum Grout in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, VI, p. iSi. From Atka Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 44). Brachythecium plumosum Br. eur., fasc. 52-54, p. 4, pi. 3. From Kodiak (Trelease, 2194). New to Alaska. Kindberg has mentioned B. turgidum Hartm. as Alaskan. Four species of the genus Scleropodium, viz : .S. illecebrum Br. eur., 5. cespitosum Br. eur., .S. colfophyllum (Sulliv.) Grout, and 5. krausei (C. Miill) Ren. & Card., have also been recorded from Alaska. We have not seen the first three ; the last is a Hyp- nutn of the section Hygyokypnum. Eurhynchium myosuroides Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 549. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1S20) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 2003 in part) ; Unalaska (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 41). Forms approaching var. spiculifcrutti Card., or doubtful between this and var. sub stolon if erum Card. 336 CARDOT AND THERIOT Eurhynchium myosuroides spiculiferum Card, in Bull, de I'herb. Boissier, vii, p. 431. From Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun). Eurhynchium myosuroides humile Grav. in Rev. bryoL, 1SS3, p. 33. From New Metlakatla (Trelease, 1751 in part). New to Alaska. Eurhynchium strigosum fallax Ren. & Card, in Bot. Gaz., 1S89, p. 98. ^ From Skagway (Canby, 477, 48 1 in part, 4S3 in part). Eurhynchium stokesii Br. eur., fasc. 57-61, p. 10, pi. 8. From Cape Fox (Trelease, 1762a). New to Alaska. Eurhynchium oreganum Jaeg. & Sauerb. Adumbr., 11, p. 427. From Hot Springs (Trelease, 3020). New to Alaska, Eurhynchium cirrosum Husn. Muscol. gall., p. 338. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 191 2). E. myosuroides var. stolonifenim Auct., E. strigosum Br. eur. fypicum, E.vau- cheri Br. eur. and E. siokesii suh^.^)- pseudo-speciosum Kindb. have been recorded bj Kindberg from Alaska and the islands of Bering Sea. Rhynchostegium serrulatum Jaeg. & Sauerb., Adumbr., 11, p. 436. From Alaska, sine loco (A. Kellogg). New to Alaska. The presence of this species in Alaska is rather surprising ; how- ever, it is impossible not to refer to it the specimen we have had before our eyes. Mr. Kindberg has recorded from Kodiak a Raphidosfcginm snbdeynissutn Kindb. that we have not seen. Plagiothecium undulatum Br. eur., fasc. 48, p. 17, pi. 13. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans in 1897) ; Port Etches (J. M. Macoun) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 790) ; Orca (Tre- lease, 1739 in' part, 1740; Setchell, 1214) ; Sitka (Trelease, 1736, 2497; Setchell, 1256; J. M. Macoun; W. G.Wright, 1609); Hot Springs (Trelease, 1735); Douglas Island (Trelease, 1737, 1743 in part). PLAGIOTHECIUM FALLAX sp. nov. (PI. XXII, fig. 4"-^) Dioicum, robustum, lutescenti-viride, nitidum. Caulis prostratus vel decumbens, 5-8 centim. longus, flexuosus, parce ramosus, apice attenuate saepius radiculosus. Folia laxe complanato-disticha, sicci- tate subundulato-crispatula, 2.5 millim. longa, 1-1.3 lata, e basi haud decurrente oblongo-lanceolata, asymmetrica, late breviterque acumi- nata, longitudinaliter plicatula, marginibus planis integris, costa THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 337 gemella, iiicequali, crure longiore ad J/^ vel Y^ producta, cellulis basi- laribus paucis, quadratis vel breviter rectangulis, caeteris linearibus 125-225 ij. longis, 9-14 latis. Cfetera ignota. From Douglas Island (Trelease, 1743 in part). Resembling in habit the species of the denticulatum group, but very distinct by its leaves being not decurrent. Plagiothecium denticulatum Br. eur., fasc. 48, p. 12, pi. 8. From Cape Fox (Trelease, 2376) ; Orca (Trelease, 1739 in part, 1741, 1942); Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2330); Sitka (Trelease, 1431, 2356, 2357, 2496); Douglas Island (Trelease, 2406). Plagiothecium denticulatum undulatum Ruthe in litt. 1873. Geheeb in Rev. bryol., 1S77, p. 42, fide Limpricht. P. ru//u'i LiMPR. Laubm., 11, p. 271. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2327). New to Alaska. Plagiothecium denticulatum recurvum Warnst. Moosfl. d. Prov. Brandcnb., p. 73, fide Limpricht. P. cnrziifolimn Schlieph. mss. Limpr. Laubm., 11, p. 269, From Douglas Island (Trelease, 1738). New to Alaska. Plagiothecium denticulatum donii Lindb. in Not. Siillsk. fauna et fl. fenn., 1867. From New Metlakatla (Trelease, 1751 in part). New to Alaska. Plagiothecium sylvaticum Br. eur., fasc. 48, p. 14, pi. 11. From Juneau (Brewer and Coe, 6913) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2192) New to Alaska. Plagiothecium roeseanum Br. eur., fasc. 48, p. 15, pi. 10. From Kodiak (Trelease, 1844, 2191). New to Alaska. Plagiothecium muehlenbeckii Br. eur., fasc. 48, p. 11, pi. 6. From Orca (Trelease, 2251); Kodiak (Trelease, 2207); Hot Springs (Trelease, 2349). New to Alaska. Plagiothecium elegans Sulliv. Moss, of U. S., p. So. From Farragut Bay (Coville and Kearney, 469) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 1742, 1757); Douglas Island (Trelease, 2391). New to Alaska. P. fulchellum Br. eur. has been recorded from the islands of Bering Sea by Mr. Kindberg. Amblystegium serpens Br. cur., fasc. 55-56, p. 9, pi. 3. From Cape Fox (Trelease, 1760, 1761, 1762, 2375); St. Paul Island (Trelease, 2089 in part). New to Alaska. 338 CARDOT AND THERIOT AMBLYSTEGIUM SERPENS BERINGIANUM var. nov. A forma typica differt foliis ovato-lanceolatis latioribus brevius acuminatis, costa validiore ad basin acuminis producta, cellulis basi- laribus rectangulis, parietibus incrassatis. From St. Paul Island (Trelease, 20S9 in part). Under number 1760 we found some stems of a stouter species, much resembling A. radicale (Pal. Beauv.) Mitt. AMBLYSTEGIUM VARIUM ALASKANUM var. nov. Robustius, dense ramosum, late depresso-cespitosum, folia breviora, late ovata, subito constricta, breviter et anguste acuminata, cellulis alaribus inflatis, multo majoribus. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1752). Genus Hypnum Dill. Section Chrysohypnum Hpe. HYPNUM TRELEASEI Ren. sp. nov. (PI. XXII, fig. 5"-'.) Dense cespitosum, fragile, lutescenti-viride. Caulis brevis, 2-3 centim. altus, erectus, inferne radiculosus, ramis erectis fastigiatis. Folia conferta, parva, subimbricata, interdum subhomomalla, 1.2 millim. longa, 0.6 lata, ovato-lanceolata, breviuscule acuminata, vix plicatula, plerumque magno augmento, prgecipue basin versus, minute denticulata, costa gemella brevi, cellulis basilaribus quadratis vel breviter rectangulis, chlorophyllosis, externis elongatis decurrentibus, caeteris linearibus, 30-40 /x longis, 6-7 latis. Caetera ignota. From Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2305) ; St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2158, 2165). The description here given, as also the drawing, is based on the St. Matthew Island specimens. The Virgin Bay specimen has the leaves longer, with a more elongated and narrower acumen, and a closer areolation, formed of longer and narrower cells. There is, however, no doubt of the specific identity of the two specimens. This species should be placed near H. stellatum Schreb., from which it is distin- guished by its much smaller dimensions, its short and fastigiate stems, its leaves which are small, imbricate, shortly acuminate and for the most part finely denticulate, and, finally, by its small, quadrate alar- cells, the median ones shorter. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 339 Hypnum stellatum Schreb, Spic, fl. lips., p. 93. From Port Wells (Trelease, 1S36) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1923). Hypnum polygamum minus Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 604. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2341). New to Alaska. Section Drepanocladus C. Miill.^ Hypnum aduncum kneiffii Sch. Syn., ed. 3, p. 727. From St. Paul Island (J. M. Macoun). New to Alaska. This specimen was attributed by Mr. Kindberg to H. conjlaium C. Miill. & Kindb. But, according to Renauld, it is impossible to sepa- rate it from H. aduncum kneiffii. Hypnum fluitans Linn. Flor. suec, ed. 2, p. S99 in part. From Yakutat Bay (Brewer and Coe, 690) . A form near var. jeanbernati Ren. Hypnum fluitans alpinum Sch. Syn., ed. i, p. 611. From St. Lawrence Island (Trelease, 1981 ; Coville and Kearney, 19S4; L. J. Cole). New to Alaska. Hypnum fluitans exannulatum Ren. Rev. harpid., 1S79. . | From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1745). New to Alaska. Hypnum revolvens Sw. Disp. muse, frond, suec, p. 101, pi. 7, f. 14. From Kodiak (Trelease, 2030, 3031); St. Matthew Island (Tre- lease, 1890, 2163a); Hall Island (Trelease, 1663 in part, 2130 in part). Hypnum uncinatum Hedw. Descr., iv, p. 65, pi. 25. From Alaska, sine loco (F. Funston, 144) ; Juneau (Setchell, 1234 ; Canby, 4S6, 496 ; Coville and Kearney, 575) ; Skagway (Canby, 481 in part); Wrangell (Trelease, 2017) ; Head of Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 950) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1958, 2033, 2034); Orca (Trelease, 1961); Port Wells (Trelease, 1962, 2028) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 195 1) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 753) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2005) ; Sturgeon River Bay, Kodiak (Trelease, 2225); Port Clarence (Trelease, 1971, 1973); St. Matthew Island (Coville and Kearney, 2129) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 1864). With forms passing to varieties plufnulosujn^ subiulaceum and orth oth ecioides . 'We are indebted to Mons. F. Renauld for the determinations of the species of this group. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., July, 1902. 340 CARDOT AND THERIOT Hypnum uncinatum forma breviseta Ren. in litt. From Skagway (Canby, 842 in part) ; Sitka (Trelease, 1938; Co- ville and Kearney, 898) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2058). Hypnum uncinatum forma plumosa Ren, in Husn,, Muscol. gall., P- 37S- Hypmnmmcinaiinn phnnosinn ScH. Syn., ed. i. p. 612. From Indian Camp, Yakutat Bay (Brewer and Coe, 642) ; Dis- enchantment Bay (Trelease, 1957) ; Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 753 in part) ; Yukon River (W. H. Dall, in 1867) ; Port Clarence (Brewer and Coe, 672; Trelease, 2014); St. Matthew Is- land (Trelease, 1887 in part, 1888 in part) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 2133)- Hypnum uncinatum plumulosum Br. eur., fasc. 57-61, p. 31, pi. 20, fig. ;-, I, 3. From Orca (Trelease, 1943) ; Indian Camp, Yukutat Bay (Brewer and Coe, 643 ; forma crassa ad var. polare accedens) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 1969, 1970, 1972) ; St. Lawrence Island (Tre- lease, 1982); St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2163) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 1967); Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 1977). HYPNUM UNCINATUM POLARE Ren. var. nov. Habitu varietati plumulosum simile, sed rete basilari laxiore paren- chymatoso, cellulis mediis brevioribus, magis chlorophyllosis. From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, 2159) , Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 197S). Hypnum uncinatum subjulaceum Br. eur., loc. cit., fig. £,1,2, forma orthothecioides Ren. in Husn. Muscol. gall., p. 378. From Bailey Harbor (U. S. S. Albatross 'Ey.Y>^d.) \ Mist Harbor, Nagai Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2026) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1926, 1927) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 1975, 1985; J. M. Macoun) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 1966); Plover Bay, Siberia (Trelease, 1976; Coville and Kearney, 1851). Section Cratoneuron Sulliv. Hypnum filicinum Linn. Spec. pL, p. 1125. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1818) ; Hidden Glacier Inlet (Tre- lease, 1814) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1835, 1955, 2511); Head of Russell Fiord ; (Coville and Kearney, 956) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1756, 1792, 1S07). Several forms. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 341 HYPNUM SULCATUM STENODICTYON Ren. var. nov. Hypnum sulcatum ?>CYi. Syn. ed., i, p. 699. A forma typica rete densiore cellulis angustioribus distincta. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 3019). Section Ptilium Sulliv. Hypnum crista-castrensis Linn. Sp. pL, p. 1125. From Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2027) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2022) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2054; Coville and Kearney, 2339, 2261a); Mist Harbor, Nagai Island (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.). Section Stereodon Brid. Hypnum circinale Hook. Musci exot., pi. 107. From Juneau (Brewer and Coe, 69S) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2329); Farragut Bay (Trelease, 1935, 1936; Brewer and Coe, 61S, 633); Orca (Trelease, 1748, 1941, 1943 in part, 1944, 2250, 2500; Setchell, 1210); Virgin Bay (Trelease, 2304); Sitka (Trelease, 1939, 1940; Coville and Kearney, 835; Setchell, 1257, 1267; Canby, 463; J. M. Macoun) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 3345) ; Kodiak (Tre- lease, 1945, 331 1 ; L. J. Cole) ; Wood Island (Brewer and Coe, 659, 660, 662) ; Prince of Wales Island (J. M. Macoun). We do not distinguish from II. circinale, H. seqtioieti C. Miill. in Flora, 1S75, p. 91, the characters mentioned for the latter being in- constant and of little importance. We must equally refer to H. cir- cinale the Raphidostegiu7n pseudorecurvans Kindb. Not. on Canad. bryol., 1S93, according to the specimens of the latter which were com- municated to us by Mr. J. M. Macoun. As we have said elsewhere (Revue bryologique, 1890, p. iS, and Hedwigia, 1893, P- ^75) ^^ ^^^^ ^ mistake to describe H. circinale as being monoecious ; it is certainly dioecious, for on a hundred speci- mens that we have had the opportunity of examining, we have never found flowers of both sexes on the same stem. Hypnum callichroum Br. eur., fasc. 57-61, p. 37, pi. 16. From Port Wells (Trelease, 1747); Orca (Trelease, 1749, 3261); Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1746); Head of Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 948 in part); Wrangell (Trelease, 2018); Port Etches (J. M. Macoun) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2021). New to Alaska. Hypnum alaskae Kindb. Not. on Canad. bryol., 1893. From Port Etches (J. M. Macoun). This species appears to be very close to the preceding, judging from the small specimen we received ; however, it differs from it by its 34^ CARDOT AND THERIOT smaller dimensions, its creeping and radiculose stems and its much narrower leaves. Hypnum dieckii Ren. & Card, in Bot. Centralbl., 1890, no. 51. Hed- wigia, 1S93, P- 27S. From Orca (Trelease, i960); Sitka (Trelease, 1744). New to Alaska. Hypnum hamulosum Br. eur., fasc. 57-61, p. 20, pi. 10. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2025) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 196S) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 2032). The alar cells are here a little more numerous than on the European type ; but we have specimens from the Pyrenees that are identical in this respect with those from Alaska. Hypnum canadense Kindb. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xvii, p. 280. Mac. Cat. Can. pL, vi, Musci, p. 236. From Orca(Setchell, 1201) ; Prince of Wales Island (J. M.Macoun). This species differs from H. unponens Hedw. by the avn-icles of the leaves being formed of one or two large outer hyaline cells, the inner cells being brown or yellowish. Hypnum vaucheri Lesq. Cat. mouss. suisses, p. 48. Sch. Syn., ed. I, p. 697. From Bailey Harbor (U. S. S. Albatross Exped.). Although the areolation is a little closer than usual, the alar cells, much more numerous than in H. cupressifonne^ do not seem to leave any doubt on the determination of this moss. Section Hygrohypnum Lindb. Hypnum ochraceum Turn, in Wils. Bryol. brit., p. 400. From Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1S20) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2195)- Hypnum ochraceum flaccidum Milde, Bryol. sil., p. 376. From Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1S28) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2366). HYPNUM SUBEUGYRIUM OCCIDENTALE var. nov. Hypnum subeugyrium Ren. & Card, in Bot. Gaz., xxii, p. 52. A forma typica Terras Novje differt foliis pro more latioribus, mol- lioribus, magis concavis, apice integris, cellulisque alaribus paulo majoribus, auriculas interdum subinflatas sed semper multo minus distinctas quam in H. eugyrio efformantibus. Costa interdum sub- simplex. From Hidden Glacier Inlet, Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1784) ; Muir Glacier (Trelease, 1S05). THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 343 Hypnum krausei C. Mull, in Flora, 18S7, p. 224. From Takhin valley (Dr. Krause). This moss, that C. ISliiller placed in his section Illecebrijia^ which corresponds to the genus Scleropodium Br. eur., is certainly a Hygro- hypnu7n i^Limtiobiii?n Sch.), as appears from an examination of the original specimen, which was communicated to us by the Royal Bo- tanical Museum in Berlin. It comes near H. sjibeugyrium occidentale Card. & Ther., but differs from it by its longer leaves, its almost scari- ous and much less chloi*ophyllose areolation, and its thinner costa. Section Calliergox Sulliv. Hypnum cordifolium Iledw. Descr., iv, p. 97, pi. 37. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1795) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1843 in part); Sitka (Trelease, 2369). Hypnum schreberi Willd. Prodr. fl. berol., no. 955. From White Pass, 3,000 ft. (Trelease, 1950) ; Orca (Setchell, 120S) ; Sitka (Trelease, 2007) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 1S69, 2013, 2035); St. Matthew Island (Coville and Kearney, 21 10); Hall Island (Trelease, 2033). Hypnum sarmentosum Wahlenb. Fl. lapp., p. 3S0. From Port Wells (Coville and Kearney, 1293 in part). HYPNUM SARMENTOSUM BERINGIANUM var. nov. Hypfiiim sarmejitosum Wahlenb. Fl. lapp., p. 380. A forma typica differt caulibus gracilioribus, laxius foliosis, costa latiore et praesertim cellulis alaribus multo minoribus, pro more quadratis, vix dilatatis. From St. Matthew Island (Trelease, iSSS in part, 1S89). By the structure of the angles of the leaf, this moss comes near U. br7i7ineo-fuscum C. Miill. iroxw the Chukchi peninsula, but the latter has a different facies, a closer areolation and a much thinner costa. Hypnum stramineum Dicks. Fasc. pi. crypt., 11, p. 6, pi. i, f. 9. From Unalaska (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 11); Port Clarence (Trelease, 1S66, 1S70). Section Calliergidium Ren. in litt. Pseudocalliergon Ren. in Bryologist, iv, p. 63, non Limpr. HYPNUM PLESIOSTRAMINEUM Ren. sp. nov.^ (PI. XXIII, fig. 2«-*.) Cespites laxi, molles. Caulis gracilis, erectus, 4-6 centim. altus, simplex vel parce ramosus, ramis gracilibus. Folia sat conferta, ' See note 3, p. 347. ' 344 CARDOT AND THERIOT erecta, apice tantum paululum patentia, circa 1.4 millim. longa, 0.6 lata, diversiformia, inferiora ovato-oblonga vel subdeltoidea, acumi- nata, subobtusa, superiora elliptica, acumine latiore et obtusiore, ramea ovata, rotundato-obtusa, omnia plicatula, marginibus planis sinuolatis, costa tenui, ad ^ vel ultra producta, basi 40-50, a crassa, cellulis alaribus magnis, laxis, hyalinis, auriculas inflatas pulchre dis- tinctas efformantibus, mediis anguste linearibus, flexuosis, extremitati- bus obtusis, 40-60,0. longis, 5-6 latis, apicalibus brevibus, ovatis vel subhexagonis. Cjetera ignota. From Yukon River (W. H. Dall, in 1867). This species resembles both H. straminemfi Dicks, and U. pseudo- stramineu7n C. Miill. ; but it is with the latter that it has the closest affinity. It differs from it by its leaves being shorter, subdeltoid, with a costa thicker (40-50 /^ instead of 30-40), longer, usually exceeding the ^, and finally by the firm areolation, formed of flexuous cells, rather obtuse (not truncate) at the ends, with thick walls, and re- sembling those of Hygrohypnum. The comparative figures of H. pseudo-stramineum given on Plate xxiii, were supplied to us by Mons. Renauld, who drew them from an original collected by C. Muller at Halle-am-Saale. Mr. Kindberg has described a H. pseudo-coniplexum Kindb. from Alaska, of which we have not seen any specimen. H. alaskanum Lesq. & Jam. is also unknown to us. Hylocomium splendens Br. eur. fasc, 49-52, p. 5, pi. i. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans, in 1897); Orca (Setchell, 121 2; Trelease, 2050); Muir Glacier (Coville and Kearney, 673) ; Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 2049) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 2047) ; Head of Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 957) ; New Met- lakatla (Trelease, 2041): Farragut Bay (Trelease, 2042); Wrangell (Canby, 450) ; Karluk (Brewer and Coe, 686) ; Koyukuk River (F. C. Schrader, in 1S99) ; Sitka (Setchell, 1260; Trelease, 2045, 2046; W. G. Wright, 1605); Kodiak (L. J. Cole; Trelease, 2029, 2052, 2053) ; Wood Island (Brewer and Coe, 663). Hylocomium splendens gracilius Boul. Muse, de la France, p. 10. H. alaskanum Kindb. in Mac. Cat. Can. pi., vi, Musci, p. 248. From Muir Glacier (Trelease, 2043, 2044) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 2051); Unalaska (J. M. Macoun) ; Popof Island (Saunders, 2038); Hall Island (Trelease, 1989 in part, 2055, 2056). This variety is Hylocomium alaskanum of Kindberg, but we much doubt whether it is the true Hypnum alaskanum of Lesquereux THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 345 and James (Proced. Amer. Acad., xiv, p. 139, and Manual, p. 405). These authors compare their plant to Hypnum Schreberi^ to which this var. gracilius bears no resemblance, and attribute to it obtuse leaves, whereas they are apiculate on the moss of which we are speak- ing. Besides, it would be very surprising if such experienced bry- ologists as Lesquereux and James had not noticed the evident relations which would have existed between their species and HylocoDihcm splendens^ if the identification proposed by Mr. Kindberg was exact. Until the contrary is proved, we think that H. alaskanu7n Lesq. & Jam. is a different species, much more resembling U. schrebcri than Hylocomium splendens. Hylocomium umbratum Br. eur., fasc. 49-53, p. 6, pi. 2. From Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1965 in part) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 2048). New to Alaska. Hylocomium squarrosum Br. eur., fasc. 49-52, p. 9, pi. 6. Yakutat Bay (Trelease, 1821 in part, 1959, 2328) ; Point Gustavus (Saunders, 2000) ; Cape Fox (Trelease, 1965) ; Sturgeon River Bay, Kodiak (Trelease, 1932) ; Unalaska (U. S. S. Albatross Exped., 19) ; St. Paul Island (Trelease, 1862, 1974) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 1883). Numbers 1959, 1965 and 2000 are forms coming more or less near H. calvescens (Wils.) Jaeg., but on the plant from Finland the acumen is broader and shorter, which constitutes the chief character of this form, which, otherwise, it is impossible for us to specifically sepa- rate from H. sqziarrosiifn. Hylocomium loreum Br. eur., fasc. 49-52, p. 7, pi. 4. From Alaska, sine loco (W. H. Evans, in 1897) ; Yakutat Bay (Brewer and Coe, 648a: ; Trelease, 1956, 2009) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1954, 2008) ; Muir Glacier (Coville and Kearney, 674); Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 7S3) ; Orca (Setchell, 1202 ; Trelease, 201 1) ; Farragut Bay (Trelease, 1994) ; New Metla- katla (Trelease, 1993) ; Head of Russell Fiord (Coville and Kearney, 947, 957«); Sitka (Setchell, 1261 ; Trelease, 2001, 2006; W. G. Wright, 1606; J. M. Macoun) ; Hot Springs (Trelease, 2004); Kodiak (L. J. Cole) ; Wood Island (Brewer and Coe, 661). Hylocomium triquetrum Br. eur., fasc. 49-52, p. 8, pi. 5. From wSkagway (Canby, 425) ; Disenchantment Bay (Trelease, 1915) ; Farragut Bay (Coville and Kearney, 467); Point Gustavus (Coville and Kearney, 789) ; Tongas Village (Brewer and Coe, 703) ; Kodiak (Trelease, 1920 in part, 1921, 1933); Sitka (Trelease, 1913; 346 CARDOT AND THERIOT Canby, 437, 448) ; Hall Island (Trelease, 19S9) ; St. Paul Island (U. S. S. Aldaiross Kxped.) . HYLOCOMIUM TRIQUETRUM BERINGIANUM var. nov. Colore lutescente foliisque erecto-imbricatis, subhomomallis, minus papillosis distinctum. From Hall Island (Trelease, 19S9 in part ; Coville and Kearney, 2059). Hylocomium rugosum De Not. Epil., 99. From Skagway (Canby, 4S3 in part). POSTSCRIPT. Note i . — Since the completion of this paper for the press, in March, 1901, a very important catalogue of the bryophytes of the Yukon, comprising 34 hepatics, 7 sphagna, and 332 mosses, has been published by Mr. R. S. Williams, in the Bulletin of the New Tork Botafiical Garden. Mr. Williams's list includes a large number of mosses that are here indicated as new to Alaska. The following species, however, to the nvmiber of fifty, are not found in Mr. Williams's list : Rhabdoweisia fugax, Aongstroemia longipes, Dicranella grevilleana, Dicranum anderssonii, Hypnum callichroum, H. dieckii, H. subeugyrium, D. starkei, D. albicans, D. groenlandicum, D. neglectum, D. howelHi, Dicranodontium longirostre, D. aristatum, Ditrichum homallum, Barbula aciphylla, Grimmia maritima, G. elatior forma?, Amphoridium mougeotii, Orthotrichum arcticum, Tayloria tenuis, Splachnum luteum, Philonotis macounii, P. capillaris, Meesea tschuctschica. Webera annotina, Bryum bimum, B. pallens, Mnium insigne, M. nudum, Aulacomnium androgynum, Oligotrichum integrifolium, Fontinalis patula, Ptervgophyllum lucens?, Orthothecium intricatum, Pseudoleskea ati^ovirens, P. stenophylla, Brachythecium nov?e-angli?e, B. asperrimum, B. plumosum, Eurhynchium stokesii, E. oreganum, Rhynchostegium serrulatum, Plagiothecium sylvaticum, P. roeseanum, P. muehlenbeckii, P. elegans, Amblvstegium serpens, A. varium, Hylocomium umbratum. THE MOSSES OF ALASKA 347 Of the species and varieties here described as new only one, Hypmun plesiostrai7iineu7n^ iiiay possibly be identical with one of Mr. Williams's new species, H. amblyphylluni. It should also be added that Mr. Williams's list contains 115 species not fovnid in our list, so that at present the total number of mosses unquestionably shown to be Alaskan or of the Bering Sea islands is about 350. Note 2 (p. 326). — In a recent paper in the Journal of Botany, vol. 39? PP- 339~34^5 ^x. E. S. Salmon points out that Bartramiopsis lescurii has the same leaf structure as Lyellia crispa^ and he suggests placing it in this genus. But Bartrattiiopsis differs from Lyellia by its small, erect, symmetrical, not angular and macrostomate capsule, and it seems prefei"able to keep it as a distinct genus. Note 3 (p. 343). — A preliminary diagnosis of this moss has been published by Mr. Renauld in Bryologist, iv, p. 65. It is perhaps the same species as H. amblyphyllujn Williams, in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Garden, 11, p. 139. June, 1903. PLATE XIII. Note. — Nachet's objectives i, 3 and 5, oculars i and 2, with camera lucida. All drawings are reduced % in photo-engraving. The magnification figures here printed are true for the drawings as printed. Figs, i, a-/. Cynodontium treleasei. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. I, ^. Leaf (X 34)- I, c. Apex of the leaf ( X I35)- I, d. Perichsetial leaf ( X 34)- I, e. Capsule ( X 13)- I,/. Lid (X 30). I, g. Basal areolation of the leaf ( X 135)- I, It. Marginal areolation in the middle ( X 270). 1, /. Areolation in the upper part ( X -7o). 2, a-b. DicJiodo7itium pellucidiim kodiakaniim. 2, a. Leaves ( X I3)' * 2, 5. Apex of the leaf ( X 60). 3, (i-_f. D/cranufn subfiagellare. 3, a. Entire plant, natural size. Z,b. Leaf (X 26). 3, c. Apex of the same ( X i35)- 3, d. Basal areolation ( X i35)' 3, e. Areolation in the middle of a leaf ( X -7o)' 3,y^ Areolation in the upper part ( X270). 4, a-e. Trichostomtim cuspi'datissitnum. 4, a. Entire plant, natural size. 4, b, b. Leaves ( X35)- 4, c. Basal areolation ( X i35)- 4, d. Areolation in the middle of a leaf ( X 135) • 4, e. Areolation of the upper part ( X I35)- (348) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate Xi 1 1 J. Wvc'<'<'*- ^'^ - ALASKA MOSSES. PLATE XIV. Figs, i, a-e. Trichostomum sitkanum. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. I, ^, b. Leaves ( X 13) • I, c. Basal areolation of a leaf ( X i35)- I, d. Areolation in the middle ( X 135)- 1, e. Areolation in the upper part ( X 135)- 2, a-i. Pot f la heimii beringiana. 2, a. Entire plant, natural size. 2, b, b, b, b. Leaves ( X 13)- 2, c. Transverse section of a leaf ( X 60). 2, d. Part of the same ( X I35)- 2, e. Basal areolation of the leaf ( X I35)- 2,/". Areolation in the middle ( X 135)- 2, g. Areolation of the apex ( X I35J' 2, //. Capsule in moist state ( X 13)' 2, i. Capsule ripe, in dry state ( X 13)' 3, a-i. Barbula brachypoda. 3, a. Entire plant, natural size. 3, b, b, b. Lower leaves (X 13 )• 3, c, c. Upper leaves ( X 13)- 3, d, d. Perichietial leaves (X 13)- 3, e. Basal areolation of the leaf ( X 135)' 3. f. Areolation in the middle ( X I35)- 3, g. Areolation of the upper part ( X I35)- 3, h. Capsule in moist state ( X 13)' 3, i. Portion of the annulus ( X^o). (350) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XIV. ALASKA MOSSES. PLATE XV. Figs, i, a-g. Barbula rig-ens. * Entire plant, natural size. Leaves ( X 26). Apex of a leaf ( X i35)- Basal areolation ( X 135) • Cells in the middle of a leaf ( X i35)- Transverse section of the leaf in the lower part ( X i35)- Transverse section of the leaf in the upper part ( X iSo). Barbula treleasei. Entire plant, natural size. Leaf (X26). Perichoetial leaf ( X 26). Apex of the stem leaf ( X 60). Basal areolation of same ( X i35)' Cells in middle of same ( X I35)- Old capsule in dry state ( X 13)' Rhacom itrium cyclodicfyon . Entire plant, natural size. Leaves ( X 26). Perichaetial leaf ( X 26). Transverse section of a stem leaf ( X 100). Basal areolation of same ( X 270). Areolation in the middle ( X 270). Areolation of the apex ( X i35)- Old capsule in inoist state ( X 13)- Ulota alaskana. Entire plant, natural size. 4, by b, b. Leaves ( X 13)- Marginal areolation in the lower part ( X I35)' Capsule and calyptra ( X 13)- Capsule and lid ( X 13)- Capsule ripe, in dry state ( X 13 )• Same, in moist state ( X 13)' (352) I. a-g. I, a. I, b, b. I, c. I, d. I, e. i, f- I> g- 2, a-g. 2, a. 2, b. 2, c. 2, d. 2, e. 2, f. 2, g- 3. a-h. 3. a. 3' b, b. 3> c. 3. d. 3. e. 3. /■ 3. g- 3. h. 4, a-g. 4, . a. 4. . b, b, 4^ , c. 4i ,d. 4, 1 e. 4. •/' 4: >g- Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XV. ALASKA MOSSES. PLATE XVI. Figs, i, a-i. Barbtda saimdersii. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. I, b. Leaf (X26). I, c. Apex of the same ( X 60). I, d. Part of a transverse section of the same ( X 100). I, e. Perichaetial leaf ( X 26). !,_/". Basal areolation of a stem-leaf ( X ISS)- I, g. Cells in the middle of the same ( X 270). I, //. Capsule and lid ( X 13)- 1, /'. Capsule and peristome ( X 13)- 2, a-n. Orthotrichmn fenestratum. 2, a. Entire plant, natural size. 2. b, b, b. Leaves ( X 13)- 2, c. Transverse section of a leaf ( X 60). 2, d. Transverse section of the costa ( X 270). 2, e. Basal ai-eolation of a leaf ( X I35)' 2,/. Areolation in the middle ( X I35)' 2, g. Areolation of the apex ( X i35)' 2, //. Capsule and lid ( X 13)' 2, /. Calyptra ( X 13)- 2, J. Capsule, deoperculate, in moist state ( X 13^- 2, k. The same split lengthwise ( X 13)- 2, /. A stomate ( X 135) • 2, m. A tooth of the peristome ( X ^35)- 2, ». Upper part of the same ( X 270). (354) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate: XVI. J. tiieA^M.- lUl Htlu^Cnexa^. ALASKA MOSSES. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., ]ulj, 1902. PLATE XVII. Figs, i, a-t. Enfosthodon spathulifolius. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. X, b, b, b, b. Leaves (X 13 )• I, c. Basal areolation of a leaf { X i35)- I, d. Areolation in the lower part ( X i3S)- I, e. Areolation in the upper part ( X 135) \,f. Areolation of the apex ( X i35)- I, g. Capsule and calyptra ( X 13)- I,//. Calyptra ( X 13)- 1, i. Capsule, vinripe ( X I3)- 2, a-g. Webcra pseudo-gracilis. 2, a. Female plant, natural size. 2, b. Male plant, natural size. 2, c, c. Lower leaves ( X 26). 2, d, d. Upper leaves ( X 26). 2, e. Basal areolation of a leaf ( X 270). 2,/. Areolation of the apex ( X270). 2, g. Capsule unripe ( X 13)' 2,, a-j. Bryum mucronigeruin . 3, a. Entire plant, natural size. 3, b, b. Leaves ( X 13)- 3, c. Basal areolation of a leaf ( X 135)' 3, d. Areolation in the middle ( X ^ZS)- 3, e. Areolation of the apex ( X i35)' 3,y. Capsule unripe ( X 13)- (356) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol.iv. Plate XVI I ,l.&V\c^t«\- a-f. 3. a. 3. b, b. 3. c. 3. d. 3. e. 3. /' 4' a-g. 4' a. 4> b. 4' c, c, 4. d. 4. e. 4> /■ 4» g- Brymn drcfanocarfum. Entire plant, natural size. Leaves ( X i3)- Transverse section of a leaf ( X6o). Part of the same ( X i35)' Marginal areolation in the middle of a leaf ( X i35)- Areolation of the apex ( X i35)- Young capsule ( X 13)' Capsule ripe, in dry state ( X 13)' Bryuin cylindri'co-arcuatnm. Entire plant, natural size. Leaves ( X 13)- Transverse section of a leaf ( X 60). Basal areolation ( X i35)' Cells in the middle of a leaf ( X ISS)- Areolation of the apex ( X ^2,S)- Capsule in dry state ( X 13)' Bryuin leptodiciyoii. Entire plant, natural size. Leaves ( X 13)- Basal areolation ( X I35)' Cells in the middle of a leaf ( X 135)' Areolation of the apex ( X i35)- Capsule in moist state ( X 13)- Bryum pseudo-stir tofii. Entire plant, natural size. Stem-leaf ( X 13)- Branch-leaves ( X 13)' Basal areolation ( X I3S)- Cells in the middle of a leaf ( X ^ZS)- Capsule ripe, in moist state ( X 13)- Capsule in dry state ( X 13)- (358) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XVI II. ALASKA MOSSES. PLATE XIX. Figs, i, a-f. Brytitn ateleostomum. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. I, b, b. Leaves ( X 13)- I, c. Apex of a leaf ( X 60). I, d. Basal areolation of the same ( X 135)- 1, e. Marginal areolation, in the middle ( X I35)- !,_/". Capsule ripe, in dry state ( X 13)- 2, a-g. Bryum hcterogynum. 2, a. Female plant, natural size. 2, b. Male plant, natural size. 2, c. Leaf of the female plant ( X 13)- 2, d. Apex of the same ( X 60). 2, e. Basal areolation ( X I35)- 2,_/". Cells in the middle ( X 135)- 2, g. Young capsule in drj state (X 13 )• 3, a-g- Bryuin laurentiatium. 3, a. Entire plant, natural size. 3, b, b. Stem-leaves ( X26). 3, *^ Branch-leaf ( X 26). 3, c. Transverse section of a leaf ( X 60). 3, d. Transverse section of the costa ( X 270). 3, e. Basal areolation ( X I35)' 3,_/. Marginal areolation in the middle ( X 135)' 3, g. Areolation of the apex ( X i35)- (360) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. iv. Plate XIX. ALASKA MOSSES. PLATE XX. I, a-g. Bryiim treleasci. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. I, b, b. Leaves ( X 13)- I, c, c. Transverse section of a leaf ( X I35)- T, d. Basal areolation of the same ( X I35)- I, e. Marginal areolation in the lower part ( X I30- I, /. Areolation of the apex ( X 135)- 1, g: Young capsule, in moist state ( X I3)- 2, a-k. Brv'tni agattuense. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. 1, b, b. Stem-leaves ( X ^S)- 3, c. Branch-leaf ( X 13)- 2, d. Basal areolation ( X 135)- 2, c. Areolation in the middle ( X I35)- 2, t. Areolation of the apex ( X I35)- 2, g. Capsule unripe, in dry state (X 13)- 2, //. Capsule ripe, in moist state ( X 13)* (363) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XX. OXUu^aA ALASKA MOSSES. PLATE XXI. Figs. I, a-g. Bryum harrimani. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. I, b, b. Lower leaves ( X 13)- 1, c, c. Upper leaves ( X 13)- I, d. Basal areolation ( X I35)- I, e. Marginal areolation, in the middle ( X 135)- \,f. Apex of a lower leaf ( X 135)- 1, g. Apex of an upper leaf ( X 135)' 2, a-l. Bariratniopsis Icscurii. 2, a, a. Entire plant, natural size, in dry state. 2, b. The same, in moist state. 2, <:, c. Lower leaves ( X 13)- 2, d, d. Upper leaves ( X 13)- 2, e. Cilium of a leaf ( X i35)- 2,f. Apex of a leaf, seen on the ventral side ( X 60). 2, or. Transverse section of a leaf ( X 135)* 2, k. Basal areolation ( X I35)- 2, /. Cells in the lower part of the leaf ( X 270). 2,y. Capsule and lid ( X 13)' 2, k. Capsule ripe, in dry state ( X 13)- 2, /. Calvptra ( X 13)- (364) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate: XXI. J C-nUiM. id . ALASKA MOSSES PLATE XXII. Figs, i, a-f. Polytrtchum yukonense. I, a. Entire plant, natural size. I, b, b. Leaves ( X 13)- I, c. Transverse section of a leaf ( X34)- I, d. Transverse section of a lamella ( X i35)* 1, e. Pai-t of a lamella seen from side ( X 270). I,/". Basal areolation of the leaf ( X i35)- 2, a. Polytrichunt jense7t{i. 2, a. Basal areolation of the leaf ( X i35)- 3, a-e. Brachythecium beritigianum. 3, a. Entire plant, natural size. 3, b. Stem leaf ( X 26). 3, c, c. Branch-leaves ( X 26). 3, d. Basal areolation ( X i35)- 3, e. Cells in the middle ( X 270). 4, a-e. Plagiothecium fallax. 4, a. Entire plant, natural size. 4, <&. Leaf (X 13)- 4, c. Perigonial leaf ( X26). 4, d. Basal areolation of a leaf ( X i35) 4, e. Areolation in the middle { X I35)- 5, a-e. Hypnu?n treleasei. 5, a. Entire plant, natural size. 5, b, b, b. Leaves ( X26). 5, d. Basal areolation of a leaf ( X 270). ■c, e. Cells in the middle ( X 270). (366) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XXI I iT iJumA- aj ALASKA MOSSES. !Ui u'typ* Ce, Hcxft PLATE XXIII. Figs, i, a-d. Hyp7iu7n fseudostramineum. I, a, a. Leaves ( X iS)- I, b. Lower part of the costa ( X 130) • I, c. Areolation in the middle of a leaf ( X 225). 1, d. Areolation of the apex of a leaf ( X225). 2, a-h. Hypiium plesiostramincum . 2, a. Entire plant, natural size. 2, b, b. Lower leaves ( X iS)- 2, c. Lower part of the costa ( X 130)- i,d. Upper leaf (XiS). 2, c. Branch leaf ( X 18). I1 f. Auricle and basal areolation of a leaf ( X 225). 2,^. Cells in the middle ( X 225). 2, //. Areolation of the apex ( X225). 3, a-e. Me e sea tschuctschica. 3, a. Entire plant, natural size. 3, b. Part of a stem ( X 3)- 3, f, c. Leaves ( X 13)- 3, d. Marginal areolation in the middle ( X 135) • 3, e. Areolation of the apex ( X I35)- 4, a-c. Brachythecium rejiexum pacificum. 4, a. Stem-leaf ( X 13)- 4, b. Basal areolation ( X i3S)- 4, c. Marginal areolation in the middle ( X i3'?)' (368) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. iv. Plate XXI 1 1. ALASKA MOSSES. ^ INDEX Note. — New species and varieties in black face type. Alsia abietina 331 Amblystegium serpens 337, 346 serpens beringianum 33S varium alaskanum 33S, 346 Amphoridium lapponicum 309 mougeotii 309, 346 Andresea papillosa 294 parvifolia 294 petrophila 294 petrophila sylvicola 294 Anoectangium compactum 294 compactum alaskanum 294 Antitrichia californica 331 curtipendula 331 curtipendula gigantea 331 Aongstrcemia longipes 297, 346 Atrichum parallelum 326 Aulacomnium androgynum 325, 346 palustre 325 turgidum 325 Barbula aciphylla 306, 346 brachypoda 303 cylindrica 305 tragi lis 305 rigens 305 ruralis 306 saundersii 304 subcuneifolia 306 treleasei 305 Bartramia breviseta 314 circinnulata 314 ithypliylla 313 ithyphylla strigosa 313 menziesii 314 oederi 314 pomiformis 313 subulata 314 Bartramiopsis lescurii 325 Blindia acuta 300 acuta ticxipcs 300 Brachythecium albicans 334 asperrimum 335, 346 beringianum 333 lamprochryseum giganteutn 335 novae-angliit 334, 346 plumosum 335, 346 reflexinn 333 reflexum pacificum 335 rivulare 334 Brachythecium — Continued salebrosum 334 Bryum acutiusculum 321 agattuense 31S alaskanum 323 argenteum 319 ateleostomum 317 bimum 319, 346 brachyneuron 323 bullatum 323 csespiticium 321 capillare 323 cylindrico-arcuatum 319 drepanocarpum 322 du\alii 322 duvalii obtusatum 322 erythroph^-llum 323 fallax 323 froudei 323 harrimani 322 heterogynum 320 inclinatum 31S lacustre 323 laurentianum 320 leptodictyon 320 meeseoides 323 microstegioides 323 mucronigerum 318 obtusifolium 323 pallens 321, 346 pallescens 319 pendulum 323 pseudostirtoni 321 pseudotriquetrum 322 stenotrichum 318 submuticum 323 suborbiculare 323 treleasei 31S wrightii 323 Camptothecium lutescens 333 nitens 333 Campylopus schimperi 300 Ceratodon heterophyllus 301 purpureus 301 Claopodium bolanderi 333 crispifolium 333 laxifolium 333 Climacium dcndroides 331 ruthenicum 332 369 370 INDEX Conostomum boreale 314 Coscinodon pulv'inatus 309 Cynodontium polycarpum alaskanum 296 torquescens 295 treleasei 295 virens 296 virens serratum 296 vvahlenbergii 296 Desmatodon latifolius 303 Dichodontium pellucidum 296 pellucidum fagimontanum 296 pellucidum kodiakanum 297 pellucidum serratum 297 Dicranella crispa 297 grevilleana 297, 346 heteromalla 297 heteromalla latinervis 297 heteromalla orthophjlla 297 polaris 297 rufescens 297 squarrosa 297 subulata 297 Dicranodontium aristatum 300, 346 longirostre 300, 346 Dicranoweisia crispula 294 Dicranum albicans 298, 346 anderssonii 298, 346 bergeri 300 bonjeani 300 dipteroneuron 299 elongatum 298 fuscescens 299 groenlandicum 298, 346 howellii 300, 346 hjperboreum 297 majus 300 moUe 300 neglectum 299, 346 scoparium 299 starkei 298, 346 strictum 298 subflagellare 29S Didjmodon baden-powelli 302 rubellus 302 Dissodon splachnoides 312 Distichium capillaceum 301 Ditrichum flexicaule densum 301 glaucescens 301 homallum 301, 346 Encalypta alaskana 311 commutata 311 macounii 311 rhabdocarpa 311 vulgaris 311 Entosthodon spathulifolius 312 Eurhjnchium cirrosum 336 myosuroides 335 mjosuroides humile 336 myosuroides spiculiferuin 336 Eurhynchium — Continued myosuroides stoloniferum 336 oreganum, 336, 346 stokesii 336, 346 stokesii pseudo-speciosuin 336 strigosum fallax 336 strigosum typicum 336 vaucheri 336 Fontinalis patula 330, 346 Funaria hygrometrica3i3 hygrometrica calvescens 313 Grimmia apocarpa 306 apocarpa alpicola 306 apocarpa gracilis 306 apocarpa rivularis 306 conferta 306 elatior 307, 346 maritima 306, 346 torquata 307 Gymnostomum curvirostre scabrum 294 Hylocomium loreum 345 rugosum 346 splendens 344 splendens gracilius 344 squarrosum 345 triquetrum 345 triquetrum beringianum 346 umbratum 345, 346 Hypnum aduncum 339 alaskas 341 alaskanum 344 callichroum 341, 346 canadense 342 circinale 341 cordifolium 343 crista-castrensis 341 dieckii 342, 346 filicinum 340 fluitans 339 fluitans alpinum 339 fluitans exannulatum 339 hamulosum 342 krausei 343 ochraceum 342 ochraceum flaccidum 342 plesiostramineum 343 polygamum 339 pseudo-complexum 344 revolvens 339 sarmentosum beringianum 343 schreberi 343 stellatum 339 stramineum 343 subeugyrium occidentale 342, 346 sulcatum stenodictyon 341 treleasei 338 uncinatum 339 uncinatum breviseta 340 INDEX 371 Hypnum — Continued uncinatum plumosa 340 uncinatum plumulosum 34O uncinatum polare 340 uncinatum subjulaceum 340 vauctieri 342 Leptobrjum pjriforme 315 Leptotrichum tomentosum 301 Leskea laxifolia 333 Leucolepis acanthoneura 325 Meesea tschuctschica 315, 346 uliginosa 315 Mnium atfine 323 affine elatum 323 cinclidioides 325 glabrescens 324 insigne 324, 346 medium 323 nudum 324, 346 punctatum 324 punctatum anceps 324 rugicum 323 spinulosum 324 subglobosum 325 Mjurella julacea 331 julacea scabrifolia 331 Neckera douglassi 331 menziesii 331 pennata 331 Oligotrichum aligerum 327 integrifolium 327, 346 Oreoweisia serrulata 295 Orthothecium chrjseum 332 intricatum 332, 346 Orthotrichum arcticum 310, 346 fenestra turn 310 pulchellum 311 speciosum 311 Paludella squarrosa 315 Philonotis capillaris 315, 346 fontana 314 fontana csespitosa 315 macounii 314, 346 seriata 315 vancouveriensis 315 Plagiothecium denticulatum 337 denticulatum donii 337 denticulatum recurvum 337 denticulatum undulatum 337 elegans 337, 346 fallax 336 muehlenbeckii 337, 346 pulchellum 337 roeseanum 337, 346 sylvaticum 337, 346 undulatum 336 Pogonatum alpinum 328 Pogonatum — Continued alpinum arcticum 329 alpinum brevifolium 329 alpinum macounii 328 alpinum septentrionale 329 alpinum simplex 329 atrovirens 329 capillare 327 contortum 327 dentatum 327 microdontium 329 urnigerum 328 Polytrichum behringianum 330 commune 329 formosum 329 gracile 329 hyperboreum 330 juniperinum 330 piliferum 330 sexangulare 330 strictum 330 yukonense 329 Pottia heimii beringiana 301 Pseudoleskea atrovirens 332, 346 radicosa 332 stenophylla 332, 346 Psilopilum arcticum 327 Pterygophyllum lucens 331, 346 Rhabdovveisia fugax 295, 346 fugax subdenticulata, 295 Rhacomitrium aciculare 307 canescens 309 canescens ericoides 309 cyclodictyon 308 fasciculare 307 heterostichum 30S heterostichum affine 308 lanuginosum 308 nevii 307 patens 307 sudeticum alaskanum 307 tenuinerve 307 Rhynchostegium serrulutum 336, 346 subdemissum 336 Scleropodium cespitosum 335 colpophyllum 335 illecebrum 335 krausei 335 Splachnum luteum 312, 346 sphaericum 312 vasculosum 312 wormskjoldii 312 Tayloria serrata 312 tenuis 312, 346 Tetraphis geniculata 311 pellucida 311 Tetraplodon mnioides 312 mnioides cavifolius 312 urceolatus 312 Thuidium abietinum 333 Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., July, 1902. 372 INDEX Timmia austriaca 325 Trichostomum cuspidatissimum 302 sitkanum 303 Ulota alaskana 309 barclayi 310 crispa subcalvescens 310 drummondii 309 phjllantha 309 Webera albicans 317 albicans glacialis 317 annotina 317, 346 Webera — Continued cruda 315 crudoides 317 cucullata 316 cucullatiformis 317 drummondii 317 nutans 315 nutans bicolor 316 nutans csespitosa 316 nutans strangulata 316 polymorpha 317 proligera 317 pseudogracilis 316 PROCKEDINGS OF THE WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. IV, pp. 373-410. August 20, 1902. [Plates xxiv-xxv, Text Figures 5-21.] PAPERS FROM THE HARRIMAN ALASKA EXPEDITION. XXX. ANEMONES, WITH DISCUSSION OF VARIATION IN METRIDIUM. By Harry Beal Torrey. CONTENTS. Introduction 373 Distribution 374 Systematic account 375 Variation in Mctridium 395 INTRODUCTION. This report, which is based on the collection made by the Harriman Alaska Expedition, includes a systematic account of the Anemones collected. It also includes a description of a new Halcampid, Harenactis attemiata, from California, a dis- cussion of the variation in Metridmm dtantkus, a few facts concerning Epactis -prolifcra^ Verrill, and figures, from photo- graphs, of several previously described species. In the Alaskan collection six genera and six species are represented of which one genus, Charisea, and two species, Charisea saxicola and Ep'actis ritteri are regarded as new to science and are here first described. Pioc. Wash. Acad. Sci., August, 1902. (373) 374 TORREY DISTRIBUTION. Of the eight species here mentioned five have been collected only on the Pacific coast of North America. Of these five, three are new and each was found in but one locality, viz., Epiactis ritteri at Popof Island, Charisea saxicola at Sitka, and Harenactis attenuata at San Pedro. E^iactis -prolifera is common in Puget Sound and at several points on the California coast as far south as Pacific Grove, about one hundred miles south of San Francisco. Crtbrma {Evactis) artemisia is, so far as I know, not found south of Puget Sound, where it was originally discovered by Pickering, of the U. S. Exploring Expedition. The Harriman collections extend its known range along the Alaskan coast to Dutch Harbor. Of the three species, not peculiar to the western coast of North America Edivardsia stpunculoides is the least widely distributed. It was originally described by Stimpson from a single living specimen taken at Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick, and has since been found in great abund- ance in the neighboring locality of Eastport, Maine, by Verrill. These are the only places in which it is known to occur, with the possible exception of Henley Harbor, Labrador, where an imperfect specimen of an Edivardsia having twenty-four tenta- cles was dredged. This was noted by Packard in 1865. E. stpunculoides is clearly a northern species, and will probably be found at other points along the coast between Labrador and Alaska. Urticina crassicornis is a circumboreal species, having a north temperate and arctic range. It is found on the Atlantic and northern shores of Europe, in Spitzbergen, Iceland, Green- land, on the Atlantic coast of North America south to Cape Cod, and on the northern and western coasts of North America south to Puget Sound. Metridium dianthus has about the same distribution, reaching farther southward, however, in both Europe (Mediterranean) and America (Cape Hatteras and San Francisco). ANEMONES 375 SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT. Order ACTINIARIA. Ccelenterata with mesenteries usually numerous and in some multiple of six ; without spicular or continuous skeleton. Polyps either free, or adhering by means of pedal disk, or, rarely, fixed ; for the most part solitary, occasionally forming colonies. Tribe HEXACTINIyE Hertwig. Actiniaria with at least eight perfect mesenteries which correspond to the first eight mesenteries of the embryo ; with a varying number of secondary mesenteries, four of which form, with the primaries, six more or less complete pairs ; these constitute the first cycle, which may be augmented by two or four pairs of perfect mesenteries. To this first cycle may be added a number of additional cycles, perfect or im- perfect, the mesenteries of which usually develop in pairs and radially, appearing almost simultaneously in all the intermesenterial spaces. The longitudinal (retractor) muscles of each pair face toward each other except in the case of two (or one or several). The directives, which are usually attached to the siphonoglyphs and whose retractors face away from each other, toward the adjacent intermesenterial spaces. Order EDWARDSI^ Hertwig. Free-moving non-colonial Actiniaria^ with eight primary perfect and a variable number of secondary rudimentary mesenteries. Of the primary mesenteries, two pairs are directives ; the remaining four are unpaired and their retractor muscles face the same way ; all are fertile. Tentacles simple, never more numerous than the mesenteries. This is essentially the definition of Haddon modified to accord with the observations of Faurot and myself concerning the presence of secondary mesenteries in the Edwardsiidie, a fact which will be dis- cussed farther on. The reincorporation of the Edwardsiaj into the Hexactinitc has been necessitated— as Van Bcnedcn and McMurrich have already decided by the discovery of a true though primitive hexactinian arrangement of mesenteries in some species of the former group, e. g., E. beau- tempsi. Whether this condition is primitive in Ed-wardsia or, as Van Beneden holds, has been secondarily produced by the simplifi- cation of a more complex hexactinian ancestor is a question which I do not think we are now in a position to decide. It seems probable, 376 TORREY however, that Edwardsia^ as it exists to-day^ cannot be the ancestral form of the Actinians whether the mesenterial arrangement is primi- tive or not. This statement would apply equally well to Ed-wardsia even though the rudimentary hexactinian mesenteries were absent. On page 3S3 I have presented a scheme of the possible interrela- tionships of the different species of Edwardsia on the basis of mesen- terial formulas merely. Whether such a scheme truly expresses the phylogenetic development of the group remains to be seen. Family EDWARDSIID^ Andres. Genus Edwardsia Andres. Physa well developed, retractile, adhesive. Number of tentacles variable, from fourteen to thirty-six, arranged in two cycles. Mesen- teries equalling or surpassing the tentacles in number. Capsules con- taining nematocysts numerous, arranged in rows, or scattered. From time to time since 1S84 when Andres established this genus for the reception of four species of Edwardsia with twenty tentacles or more, including E. sipunculoides^ the adequacy of the number of tentacles as a criterion of the genus has been questioned. At first sight it seems to separate forms with sixteen tentacles from those with twenty. It seems even more so when it is remembered that the species with sixteen tentacles typically may have but fourteen as in E. bcaji- tempsi or fifteen as in E. adenensis. It was an appreciation of this difficulty which led Carlgren to suggest, in 1893, that t\iQ arrangement of the tentacles was of more fundamental importance than their num- ber. With this idea in mind, he formulated three types of tentacular arrangement. At present we are concerned with but two of these, the so-called Edwardsia and Edwardsiella types. According to the Fig. 5 . Ediuardsia type (Carlgren). Fig. 6. Diagram showing ar- rangement of mesenteries in Ed-wardsia sp. (San Pedro). ANEMONES 377 Edwardsia type, the sixteen tentacles are arranged alternately in two cycles, the primary eight representing the outer, the other the inner cycle (fig. 5). So far as numerical grouping goes, the same plan ob- tains in an undescribed Edwardsia from San Pedro, Cal. ; but I have been unable to detect any alternation of the tentacles at their bases, though in life eight bend inward and upward, alternating with eight which bend outward. Yet there is one interesting difference. In the San Pedro species and, I infer, in E. beauiempsi^ the two groups of three tentacles open into the dorso-lateral primary enteroccels. In Carlgren's diagram these groups open into the ventro-lateral primary enteroccels. It is difficult to derive the hexamerous type from such a form. This leads me to suppose that Carlgren inadvertently figured the longitudinal muscle bands on the wrong sides of the mesenteries. Faurot, in 1S95, seems to have found a like arrangement in E. beau- tempsi^ to judge from the arrangement of secondary mesenteries which he has figured.' For the latter agrees with the plan of the mesenteries in the San Pedro Edzvardsia (fig. 6), in which one tentacle communi- cates with each intermesenterial space. According to Carlgren's second or Edivardslella type (fig. 7), the eight primary tentacles form the innermost cycle, one in each primary enteroccel. There are twelve tentacles in the second cycle, two in each pri- mary enterocoel save in those bounded by the directives. The third cycle is external to the second. This type will not include E. sipiinculoides^ in which species there are two and only two distinct cycles, regardless of the number of tentacles ; and the members of each cycle, at least in the cases where the number of tentacles equals the number of mesenteries, alternate with each ^^^ „ ^T^ T- „ ' _ tiG. 7. inhvarasteUa type other. Consequent!}', if there are two (Carlcrren). cycles in the typical Edwardsia^ there would seem to be no essential difference between the two genera in the arrangement of the tentacles. I shall discuss the details for E. sipunculoides below (pp. 379-3S3). For a time I deemed the distribution of the capsules of nematocvsts to be of generic value, since in E. sipunculoides these capsules are scattered irregularly over the column, while in the typical Edwardsias 1 Arch. Zool. Exp. (3), in, fig. 7, p. 113. 378 TORREY they are usually arranged in eight longitudinal rows in relation to eight series of tubercles. This possibility is destroyed, however, by E. intertnedia McM., which is described as possessing not more than sixteen tentacles and scattering capsules and tubercles. In E. sipunculoides no tubercles were seen. Finally, the rudimentary mesenteries do not offer the solution I had hoped they might. It is true that E. beatitempsi and the San Pedro Edivardsla are constructed on the same plan, i. e., according to Carl- gren's Edwardsia type with the modification already suggested. E. adenensis^ however, departs from this type and approaches the con- dition found in E. sipunculoides^ since it has two rudimentary mesen- teries instead of one in each lateral and dorso-lateral primary entero- cceI. If these rudimentary mesenteries are conceived as foreshadowing future tentacles, the gap between the species with sixteen tentacles and those with more than sixteen is materially narrowed. At any rate, the species with sixteen tentacles have no consistent mesenterial for- mula. For these reasons I have felt justified in reuniting Edivardsiella with Edwardsia^ redefining the latter in the light of recent facts. EDWARDSIA SIPUNCULOIDES Stimpson. (PI. XXIV, figs. 1-3; text-figs. 8-15.) Actinia sipunadoidcs Stimpson, 1853. Edwardsia sipunculoides Verrill, 1862. Edivardsiella sipunculoides Andres, 1884. Localities. — Dutch Harbor, Unalaska ; Eastport, Me. ; Grand Ma- nan Island, New Brunswick ; Henley Harbor, Labrador. This species was originally described by Stimpson, in 1853, who found a single individual at Grand Manan, N. B. He placed it provi- sionally in the genus Actinia^ not caring to dissect his only specimen, and thus remained ignorant of its internal anatomy. It was again de- scribed, in 1862, by Verrill, who gave a full external description from life with two figures which were copied by Andres in 1S84. I ven- ture to quote Verrill's account entire, supplementing it later with a discussion of the internal anatomy, which he entirely neglected : " Column very slender, elongated, cylindrical, the central portion traversed by eight longitudinal sulcations, between which it is some- what swollen in the form of broad, rounded, slightly prominent ribs, crossed in contraction by numerous strong transverse wrinkles. The inferior naked portion when expanded is about one half an inch in length, pointed at the extremity, without any distinct basal disk, but capable of adhering to stones by its membranous surface. This region is marked with eight white lines, which meet at the cen- ANEMONES 379 tral point of the base and are continuous with the eight sulcations of the column. These coincide with the corresponding internal parti- tions which are seen through the transparent walls. The upper naked portion, in expansion, is one third of an inch or more in length, smooth and cylindrical. The tentacles are about thirty-six in number, arranged somewhat crowdedly in two rows close to the margin. They are long, slender, tapering to a point, the outer ones a little longer than the inner, which are twice longer than the diameter of the disk ; mouth with four small but prominent lobes on each side. "The color of the central sheathed portion is usually yellowish-brown, but varies to black, according to situation and color of mud where found ; basal naked area pellucid yellowish- white ; upper naked por- tion yellowish, surrounded, about midway between the tentacles and sheath, by a ring consisting of eight lunate, arrow-shaped or square opaque white spots, which are close together and sometimes extend downward at the lower angles, forming a white line along the sides of each invection ; tentacles transparent yellowish-white, sprinkled with numei'ous flake-white dots, sometimes with small, white spots at the outer base. Mouth and stomach bright red, the former generally prominent ; disk yellowish, with faint white radii, and white spots often surrounding the bases of the tentacles. "Length of the largest specimen when in full expansion, about 5 inches; in diameter, .15 ; when contracted, about 1.5 inches in length." While this description does not mclude internal characters so im- portant in Actinian diagnosis, I do not feel justified in separating the Alaskan form from E. sipunculoides. Though widely separated from each other geographically, both occur in the same regions as the cir- cumboreal U. crassicornis and M. dianthus^ and both are subjected to the same climatic and physical con- ditions of life. In the life-size photographs made from preserved material (Plate xxiv) the "inferior" and "upper naked portions " are obviously much con- tracted. The adhesiveness of the foot is apparent. In one specimen the oesophagus is completely everted, and the biserial arrangement of the tentacles indicated. I shall return to this latter point when the mesen- teries are considered. The number of the tentacles varies with the size, ranging in seven individuals from 20 in the smallest, through 22, 23, 26, 28, 29 to 35 in the largest. Verrill has not mentioned the capsules of nematocysts embedded in the body wall and opening outward by a narrow orifice. They are Fig. 8. Edxvardsiella sifunculoidcs. Portion of body wall, showing cap- sules of nematocysts. 38o TORREY found scattered throughout the column in large numbers, but not in definite rows as in the typical Edwardsia. Fig. 8 was drawn from a portion of the wall removed from the polyp shown in Plate xxiv, fig. 3. The transverse lines are surface wrinkles. The two pairs of dotted lines indicate the contours of the bases of two adjacent mesenteries. Only the outlines of the capsules ap- pear. Structure. — The three re- gions of the body wall differ in histological structure. The capitulum (fig. 9) possesses no cuticle ; the ectoderm contains numerous gland cells with granular contents, and occa- sional goblet cells ; it is much thicker than the endoderm ; the mesoglcea is comparatively thin. In the scapus the relative thick- ness of ectoderm and endoderm are reversed. Fig. 10 repre- sents a longitudinal section of this region. The columnar cells of the ectoderm are much lower than those of the endoderm. They are covered by a cuticle in which several lamellae can be distinguished and to which sand grains, diatom shells and other debris adhere. The mesoglcea is thick and is thrown into a great number of transverse folds on the side turned toward the endoderm. These folds are covered by a con- tinvious layer of circular muscle fibers. The endoderm is twice the thickness of the ectoderm. In the physa the ectoderm is crowded with gland cells, which account for its adhesiveness. A cuticle is absent. Everywhere in the endodorm — in the tentacles, mesenteries, mesenterial filaments, and parietal endoderm — there are large gland cells with deeply staining granules. Fig. 9. Edvjardsiella sipunctiloides. Section through capitulum. Fig. 10. Edzvardsiclla sipuncti- loides. Longitudinal section through scapus. ANEMONES 381 There is no special sphincter muscle. The tentacles possess a thick ectoderm which is crowded with nematocysts and granular gland cells ; goblet cells also occur. Near the base of the ectoderm is a layer of nervous fibrillar substance. Between this and the inconspicuous mesogloea are the longitudinal muscles. The endoderm bears about the same relation to the ectoderm as it does in the capitulum. The oesophagus is readily eversible. The specimen represented in Plate xxiv, fig. i, showed no trace of a siphonoglyph. In sections of two others only oite siphonoglyph was found in each, placed ventrally. The wall of the oesophagus is wrinkled longitudi- nally, though there are no such folds as are characteristic of the oesophagus of Charisea. The mesenteries may be divided into two groups. The first comprises the eight pri- mary mesenteries. These exhibit no special peculiarities (fig. 11). Each bears a much convoluted mesenterial filament with a me- dian glandular and two lateral ciliated lobes above, and one only, the median, below ; also a gonad in its oral half. The basal muscle is so folded as to be fan-shaped in cross section. The main longitudinal muscle band is very strong, and is placed nearer the free edge than the base of the mesentery. It is adnate to the mesentery for its inner half only, the outer half being free. The second group is composed of a varying nimibcr of rudimentary mesenteries which occur on the inner surface of the column in the region of the tentacles. These are extremely small, measuring only one millimeter in length. Each is bent in a compound curve in such a way that adjoining mesenteries are nearer to each other at one end than at the other (fig. 12). This condition is correlated with the ar- rangement of the tentacles, which open between the mesenteries in a strictly alternate fashion (fig. 13). A cross section through this Fig. II. Edivardsiclla si- punctiloides. Cross section of mesentery. Fig . 12 sipunculoides Edtva rdsiella Rudimentary mesenteries between the bases of two primaries. Openings of tentacles shaded. 382 TORREY Fig. 13. Edxvhrdsiella sipun. culoides. Diagram of arrange- ment of mesenteries and tentacles (indicated by black spots). region (fig. 14) according to the line x-x (Fig. 14) shows that although the mesenteries are minute, they are furnished with a central band of mesogloea, upon which is spread a thin and rather inconspic- uous, yet vuimistakable layer of longi- tudinal muscles. The arrangement of the rudimentary mesenteries and their accurate correla- tion with the tentacles, shown in fig. 12, is not the invariable rule. Another individual with thirty-two mesenteries had but twenty-five tentacles. The mesenteries were distributed according to the formula : I, 3, II, 5, III, 5, IV, V, 4, VI, 5, VII, 2, VIII, in which the roman numerals represent the pri- maries and the arable the number of rudimentaries between every two pri- maries. Not only are the rudimentaries not distributed according to the numerical plan in fig. 13, but they are not even bilaterally arranged. If we examine the three mesenterial types which have been described for E. beautefnpsi^ E. adene?zsis and E. sipunculoides re- spectively, it is at once evi- dent that the plan exempli- fied in E. bea7itempsi is the only one that fulfils the re- quirements of an ancestral form. We may conceive the transformation from the oc- tamerous to the hexamerous condition to have been ac- complished by the growth of the mesenteries in the lateral and ventro-lateral spaces, the mesenteries in the dorso-lateral spaces forming the first two pairs of the second cycle. The rudimentary mesenteries in E. adenensis arise apparently in pairs which in arrangement suggest the second cycle in Halcaryipa. ^ 2 2 Fig. 14. Ediuardsiella sipunculoides. Cross section through region of rudimentary mesenteries, at level x-x in small figure. ANEMONES 383 If, however, they may be homologized with the latter, there can be no representatives in E. adenensis for the four primary mesenteries by which the transformation of the octamerous into the hexamerous type is effected. On the other hand, if four of the eight mesenteries in the lateral and ventro-lateral spaces do represent the fundaments of these perfect mesenteries, then the rudimentary mesenteries in these spaces do not arise in pairs, and we cannot account for the hexamerous type any more successfully on this ground. E. sipunculoides is a still more aberrant form. The rudimentary mesenteries do not occur in pairs, and are too variable to constitute a stable foundation for a phylogenetic scheme. E. ddenensis £. beaufempsi Fig. 15. Scheme of the possible relationship of the species of Edxvardsia and the Hexactiniae (through Halcampa). These ideas of the relationships of the species of Ednvardsia and the Hexactiniae may be graphically expressed in the above diagram (fig- 15)- Order ACTINIIN^ M. Edw. '^ Hexactiniae in which the tentacles are arranged in cycles, only a single tentacle communicating with each endocoel."- (McMurrich, 1893, P- H^O 384 TORREY Family HALCAMPID^. " ActiniiiiEe with a small number of mesenteries, six, ten or twelve pairs being all that are present ; longitudinal muscle pennons narrow but strong ; no special sphincter muscle ; conchula present or absent ; base usually rounded and vescicular." (McMurrich, 1893, P* ^4^0 Genus Harenactis gen. nov. Length great in proportion to the diameter of the column ; tentacles twenty-four in number, in one series ; conchula absent ; cinclides in twenty-four regular longitudinal rows ; base vesicular. Mesenteries arranged hexamerously, in twelve pairs, all perfect above, two pairs being directives, though there is but one siphonoglyph ; no acontia. HARENACTIS ATTENUATA sp. nov. (PI. XXIV, figs. 4, 5; text-figs. 16, 17.) Locality. — San Pedro, Cal. This animal is found in the harbor of San Pedro, Cal., buried per- pendicular to the surface in the fine sand of flats exposed at low tide. Usually the tentacles rest upon the sand in full expansion, but oc- casionally as much as half an inch of the column is exposed also. When unduly stimulated it may withdraw several inches into its burrow by shortening the body to less than half its length. The length of the column is remarkable in comparison with its di- ameter. These dimensions at their maximum are approximately sixteen inches and three quarters of an inch respectively. From its widest point, in its oral third, the column tapers gradually to the base where it abruptly expands. Just above this expansion it is extremely narrow and weak, for which reason great care must be exercised to obtain a perfect individual from the sand in which it lies buried. The base assumes various shapes, though never exceeding the column in diameter. At times it becomes an almost spherical vesicle with very thin walls traversed by lines which mark the basis of the mesen- teries within (PI. XXIV, fig. 5) ; at others it may flatten into a thin disk, in which condition I have found it adhering to a bit of shell. From the edge of the oral disk twenty-four tentacles arise. They are in one series, although, as shown in PI. xxiv, fig. 4, twelve curve upward and inward, alternating with the other twelve which ap- pear to bend downward rather than upward. Each is not more than three quarters of an inch in length, stout, with a bluntly pointed im- perforate tip. Within the bases of the tentacles the oral disk is oval ANEMONES 385 in shape. In its greater diameter lies the elongate mouth, with prom- inent lips, and a single siphonoglyph. The oral disk and tentacles are smooth. The column, though ex- hibiting in contraction numerous strong transverse wrinkles and slight incidental roughenings, is smooth in expansion, with twenty-four shallow longitudinal furrows indicating the bases of the mesenteries (PI. XXIV, fig. 4). Between every two adjoining mesenteries in the upper portion of the column is a row of cinclides. These are quite regularly spaced, one in every row lying approximately in the cross section of the column. As there are twenty-four rows in all, the cin- clides of one row open into exocoels, those of the next into endocoels. The color of the column is a dirty white. The tentacles are pale green, marked with three or four grayish-white bands and a longitudi- nal row of fine white milky dots on each side. Structure. — The ectoderm of the body wall is composed of high columnar epithelium, in which nematocysts and gland cells with granular contents are abundant, and goblet cells not uncommon. The mesogloea is thick, with conspicuous lamellae. The parietal endoderm is low, with few gland cells. D OL m D 1 H tf Fig. 16. Harenactis aiienuaia. Diagram showing symmetrical arrangement of mesenteries and their structure with respect to the siphonoglyph. The oral disk is furnished with ectodermic muscles which are con- tinuous with the longitudinal muscles of the tentacles. The tentacles 386 TORREY have a thick ectoderm with the customary masses of nematocysts and layer of deeply lying nervous tissue. The mesoglcea is thick. The endoderm is lower, with few gland cells and a layer of circular muscle fibers. There is no special sphincter muscle. The endodermal circular muscles are strongly developed throughout the column. The ectoderm of the oesophagus contains numerous deeply staining gland cells with distinctly granular contents, thus differing from the homogeneous cells in a similar position in Charisea. There is but one siphonoglyph, placed in a position corresponding to one end of the mouth. There are twelve pairs of mesenteries, each with a parietal ostium. They may best be discussed in connection with the accompanying diagram (fig. i6). The latter represents the body wall and oesopha- gus as having been sectioned longitudinally on one side between one pair of directives, and then stretched out flat so that the relations of the mesenteries might be more readily seen. The narrow horizontal lines at the top of the figure indicate the limits of the oesophagus, which is represented as transparent, though not actually so. The narrow ver tical lines represent the mesenteries, the length of these lines suggest- ing, not the length of the mesen- teries, all of which are continued to the extremity of the body, but their relative importance in width and in size of retractors. The heavy lines on all of the mesenteries rep- resent the mesenterial filaments, each a single strand of epithelium crowded with gland cells and resting on a cushion of epithelium. There are no acontia. The broad black bands represent gonads (fig. 17.) It is evident at once that the mes- enteries are arranged on a hexam- erous plan in two alternating cycles which differ in several respects. The mesenteries of the second cycle are smaller than those of the first, their retractor muscles are not so strong, and they may only occasion- ally bear gonads. The filaments on all the mesenteries begin at the Fig. 17. Harenactis attentiata. Cross section o£ primary mesentery through mesenterial filament, gonad and longitudinal muscle. ANEMONES 387 free edge of the oesophagus. Those on the second cycle follow the borders of their mesenteries farther dorsalward than those on the first cycle, in which the mesenteries are wider. The upper ends of the thick lines in the diagram should be taken as the summits of these archings of the filaments and not as their points of attachment to the oesophagus. There are several points of interest connected with the mesenteries of the first cycle. First, there are two fairs of directives although there is but one siphonoglyph. These directives are associated with two slight downward prolongations of the oesophagus, and their mesenterial filaments do not arch orally, but proceed immediately downward along the edges of their mesenteries. The directives thus appear to be the widest and inost important of all the mesenteries. This importance is not associated with any structural peculiarity of the mesenterial filaments, so far as I could see. Further, the directives are the only pairs of the first cycle whose members are equivalent in width, strength of retractors, length of mesenterial filaments and size of gonads. The other pairs are arranged bilaterally on each side of them. The member of each pair with the smaller gonad, shorter mesenterial filament, etc., is nearer the pair of directives which is associated with the siphonoglyph. Since there are two pairs of directives, this bilaterality is clearly correlated with the single siphonoglyph. Such a conclusion is interesting in connection with the tendency of the non-directives in the monoglyphic individuals of Metridium to mass themselves on the side of the oesophagus oppo- site the siphonoglyph and a pair of directives. There it is impossible to tell whether the behavior of the mesenteries is correlated with the siphonoglyph or the directives. The condition in Harenactis elimi- nates this difficulty and makes it probable that the siphonoglyph is of more importance than the directives in determining mesenterial arrange- ment. While we are ignorant of the real nature of the correlation, it is probable that this is to be sought first among the causes of the vari- ation in the number of siphonoglyphs, regardless of the directives. Family ACTINIID.E Gosse. Actiniidai adhering to foreign bodies by a flat contractile base. Column usually smooth, occasionally verrucose towards the upper part, without cinclides. Margin frequently provided with acrorhagi, but may be smooth. Tentacles numerous, usually long. Sphincter muscle endodermal, diffuse, usually feebly developed. Perfect mesenteries usually numerous, and all may be fertile, but sometimes the first cycle, and more generally the directives are sterile. No acontia. 388 TORREY Genus Charisea gen. nov. Body wall smooth. No parapet, nor acrorhagi. Mesenteries in three cycles ; the six pairs of primaries alone perfect. Gonads on primary pairs only. Tentacles moderate. Strong endodermal circu- lar muscle layer, with no distinct sphincter. Among the genera of Actiniidse, Charisea is most nearly related to Macrodactyla and Condylactis. It differs from the former in having no suckers on the column, and in the restriction of the gonads to the six primary pairs of mesenteries. The absence of a parapet and its regular mesenterial formula distinguish it from Condylactis. CHARISEA SAXICOLA sp. nov. [(PI. XXIV, figs. 6-9; text-figs. 18, 19.) Locality. — Sitka. This actinian was found in considerable numbers on the shore rocks at Sitka. An idea of its general form is given on Plate xxiv. In contraction, the column varies from three quarters to one and one half inches in length, and from three sixteenths to half an inch in diameter. The foot disk may be as broad as the column. When pre- served, it contracts much and is largely concealed by the dilation of the thin region of the wall just above it. The column is smooth, unperforated by cinclides, and without para- pet or acrorhagi. The tentacles are of moderate length, subequal, slender and pointed. There may be 44, 46, 48, or 50 of them, in three cycles, corresponding approximately with the mesenteries within. They may be drawn completely into the body, the wall contracting over them in a characteristic manner (fig. 8). The color of the column in preserved material is a yellow-brown, lighter near the foot. The tentacles are yellow. Structure. — The body wall is much thicker above than near the foot. The ectoderm contains numerous gland cells and nematocysts. The mesogloea is lamellated. The endodermal cells are large vacuo- lated, with a sprinkling of gland cells and a strongly folded layer of circular muscle fibers. The oesophagus has two siphonoglyphs, between which it is strongly folded. The ridges of the folds are packed with gland cells full of granules. Nematocysts are plentiful. There is a third type of cell, probably glandular, which is abundant on the whole oesophageal wall. It is oval in shape, has a sharp contour, is much larger than a nemato- cyst, and takes and gives up stains with equal difficulty. It resembles ANEMONES 389 the gland cells in the oesophagus of Harenactis^ but shows no trace of granules ; the contents are quite homogeneous. The tentacles exhibit no special features. They possess ectodermic longitudinal muscles and endodermic circular muscles, neither very strong. There are twenty-four pairs of mesenteries biradially arranged. («) Six pairs, forming the first cycle, are perfect, and bear the gonads and the trilobed mesenterial filaments. Two of these pairs are directives. The muscles of each mesentery are concentrated into a stout retractor and a parieto-basilar (fig. 18). The shape and distance of the latter from the body wall differs according to the levels at which sections are taken. The endoderm of the mesenteries is conspicuously high in comparison with that of Harenactis. Gland cells are scat- tered throvigh it, though quite absent from the parietal endoderm. Fig. 18. Chart'sea saxicola. Cross- section of primary mesentery, in oeso- phageal region. Fig. 19. Charisea saxicola. Mesenteries of the second and third cycles between contiguous pairs of primaries. (^) Eighteen pairs are imperfect, all lacking both gonads and mes- enterial filaments. Six pairs belong to the second cycle, and occupy the center of the spaces between adjacent pairs of primaries. At their bases their muscles are distributed equally on both faces, but near the free edge they are localized in folds on the face of each mesentery which is turned toward its mate (fig. 19). The remaining twelve Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., August, 1902. 39© TORREY pairs are tertiaries, placed between the primaries and secondaries. One member of each pair is confined to the region of the tentacles and is not more than two millimeters long. It always lies between a pri- mary mesentery and the other member of the pair. The latter almost equals the secondaries in size, and is plentifully supplied with longi- tudinal muscles on both faces (fig. 20). Family CRIBRINID^ McMurrich. Bunodidce Gosse, i860. Tealida R. Hert, 1882. Bunodactidcc Verrill, 1899. Actiniin^e with a flat contractile base ; column usually with verrucas or tubercles; margin often with complicated acrorhagi. Sphincter muscle strong, circumscribed, endodermal ; perfect mesenteries usually numerous ; acontia absent. In his latest paper, published in 1901, McMurrich has united with Ehrenberg's genus Cribrina the synonymovis Bunodes Gosse, Biino- dactis Verrill and Evactis Verrill ; and has made the necessary modi- fication in the family name to accord with that of the type genus. In accepting these changes I have not thought it necessary to repeat the reasons supporting them, which McMurrich has already discussed at length. Genus Cribrina Ehr. Cribrinidffi without true acrorhagi ; usually with numerous perfect mesenteries which are in some cases in other than a hexamerous plan ; sphincter strong ; ectodermal musculature of the disk and tentacles not imbedded in the mesogloea ; column wall destitute of an epidermal covering and provided with verrucie arranged more or less distinctly in vertical rows; tentacles simple (McMurrich, 1901). CRIBRINA ARTEMISIA. Localities. — Puget Sound ; Sitka ; Yakvitat ; Popof Island ; Dutch Harbor. Abundant. Genus Urticina. This genus is distinguished from Cribrina only in the bedding of the muscles of the tentacles and disk in the mesogloea, according to McMurrich, who suggests that this character may prove to be inade- quate ground for separation. The single specimen in the Harriman collection affords no means for settling the question. ANEMONES 39I URTICINA CRASSICORNIS. Locality. — Yakutat, one large specimen. Also found on the Atlan- tic and northern coasts of Europe, Great .Britain, Iceland, Spitzber- gen, Greenland, Atlantic coast of North America from Cape Cod northward, and Pacific coast of same from Puget Sound northward into Bering Sea. Genus Epiactis Verrill. Actinia {\Vi-^2iX\.'), Dana, 1846. Leiotealia Hertwig, 1882. CribrinidcE with smooth column wall, without tubercles or ver- rucas ; tentacles of equal size, arranged in several cycles. More than thirty years ago Verrill described an anemone from Puget Sound under the name of Epiactis prolif era .^ which was char- acterized by the habit of bearing a circle of young in various stages of development on its column wall just above the foot. The real affinities of the species remained unknown, through lack of an ana- tomical description, until 1S99, when it was shown to be a member of the Cribinidas (Bunodidas), but differing from the typical species of this family in being destitute of verrucas or suckers on the column. Meanwhile, Hertwig had found another smooth-bodied representa- tive of this family in the Challenger material, which he identified as Drayton's Actinia tiymphcea, and for which he erected the genus Leiotealia^ with the following definition : " TealidiE with smooth body surface, without warts, and without spherules, but with longitudinal furrows corresponding to the inser- tions of the septa, tentacles of equal size arranged in several rows." I agree with McMurrich, that the longitudinal furrows are not im- portant characters. Nor do I think, after comparing £ . prollfera and the Alaskan species, E. rltterl, with Hertwig's Leiotealia^ that the pinnate arrangement of the sphincter muscle fibers is of generic value. In the first place, while the sphincter of E. rltterl (fig. 21) approaches the pinnate type of L. nymphcea.^ it yet exhibits features of a nature transitional to the condition in E. prollfera. In the second place, E. rltterl is related in all other characters more closely to E. prollfera than to L. ?iyfnphcea. The presence in the column of the special diffused sphincter muscle which Hertwig has described does not appear to me to warrant the importance that Haddon attrib- utes to it in his definition of I^elotealla since such a sphincter may be derived from the strong circular muscles of Epiactis by very slightly modifying the latter. 392 TORREY For these reasons I have united Leiotealia with Epiactis^ the latter name having priority. EPIACTIS PROLIFERA Verrill. (PI. XXV, figs. 4, 5 ; text fig. 20.) Localities. — Puget Sound ; Tomales Bay ; San Francisco ; Pacific Grove; San Pedro, Cal. Not uncommon. In his recent diagnosis of this species Verrill describes the sphincter as " large, clearly circumscribed, ovate in section, essentially endoder- mal, but not so much detached from the wall as usual in Bunodactidae." Fig. 20. Epiactisprolifera. Cross section of sphincter muscle. Mesoglcea black. To remove all doubt as to its endodermal nature, I have reproduced the sphincter of a specimen from Pacific Grove, Cal., in the accompany- ing figure (fig. 20) which Professor Verrill writes me agrees perfectly with his observations. Epiactis prolifera is much smaller than E. ritteri. It exhibits, though to a less degree, the wrinkling of the column near the foot so characteristic of that species.^ There may be but one siplionoglyph, though two is probably the typical number. Six pairs of mesenteries, including the directives are perfect throughout the length of the oesophagus. Six others belonging to the second cycle, may reach the oesophagus near the mouth only. All are arranged with marked symmetry about the major mouth axis. 'Individuals taken recently in San Pedro (Juh', 1902) were almost twice the diameter of specimens figured on Plate xxiv. No wrinkles^were observed on live animals, and are probably due to contractions produced by the killing process. ANEMONES 393 Up to the present time E. prolifera had been recorded from Puget Sound alone. Collections from Tomales Bay, San Francisco, Pacific Grove, and San Pedro, Cal., enable me to extend its range southward for several hundred miles. EPIACTIS RITTERI ^ sp. nov. (PI. XXV ; figs. 6, 7 ; text-fig. 2 1.) Locality. — Popof Island. There are several specimens of this actinian in the collection, from the shores of Popof Island, Alaska. Fig. 21. Efiactis rittert. Section through upper portion of the column, across the sphincter and other endodernial muscles. Mesoglcea black. The column is about as broad as long, with a well-expanded foot disk. The life-size photographs reproduced in Plate xxv, figs. 6 and 7, give a fair idea of the shape of the animal in partial and complete contraction. The body wall is smooth, without true verrucae, though near the foot there may be ten or twelve rows of protuberances which slightly resemble them. These are caused by transverse and longitudi- nal wrinkles, and are of the same histological character as the rest of the wall. They vary greatly in size, even in the same individual. There are no cinclides. The tentacles are numerous, moderate, sub- equal, in several rows, and may be entirely concealed in contraction. 'Named for Professor Wm. E. Ritter, of the University of California, who made the collection, and to whose kindness I owe the opportunity of examining it. 394 TORREY The color of the column is dark red-brown ; the tentacles are much lighter. Structure. — The body wall is thick, with a high columnar epithe- lium which contains numerous gland cells, to whose pigmented con- tents the color of the column is largely due. Nettle cells are also pres- ent, but goblet cells are wanting. There is no suggestion of a mucous covering. The mesogloea is thick — a sort of fibrous felt work w^ith scattered nuclei. The endoderm possesses a layer of circular fibers, strongly folded. Here and there a few fibers have been incorporated into the mesoglcEa. The sphincter is strong, endodermal, subpin- nate, circumscribed, with a moderate base (fig. 21). The longitudinal muscles of the tentacles are ectodermal. The oesophagus has many folds. The ectoderm is thick, filled with gland cells and nematocysts. There may be one or two siphonoglyphs. The mesenteries are arranged in five cycles. There are one or two pairs of directives, according to the number of siphonoglyphs. Twelve pairs are usually perfect above, those of the first cycle reach- ing farther down on the oesophagus than those of the second, The diglyphic forms may be regular or irregular ; for instance, the mesen- terial formula in one specimen was D, 3, 3, 4, D, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. One monoglyphic individual had thirteen pairs of perfect mes- enteries. Both perfect and imperfect mesenteries are furnished with mesenterial filaments, and all save those of the fifth cycle bear gonads. Acontia are wanting. The parieto-basilar muscles are strong, each in the form of a lobe similar to those in L. nympkcea. The retractors are fiat, differing markedly from the extraordinary re- tractors figured by Hertwig. E. ritteri may be distinguished from E. prolifera by its larger size, the shape of the sphincter, and the absence of the habit of carry- ing the young externally. Family SAGARTIID-ffi Gosse. ActiniiuEe with adherent pedal disk ; with a mesogloeal, rarely a weak endodermal, sphincter; with acontia, which are either emitted through the mouth alone or also through special openings (cinclides) in the column wall. (McMurrich, 1901, bS) Snhi^mWy ME TR ID IIN^^ Carlgren. Segartiidas with six or more pairs of perfect mesenteries ; body wall wall relatively thin, and without a cuticle : cinclides present ; usually well-developed mesogloeal muscle. ANEMONES 395 Genus Metridium Oken. " Metridiinae with a smooth body wall and numerous tentacles which extend over nearly the whole of the oral disk, which is greatly expanded and frilled ; the upper border of the column is swollen to form a thickened ring, above which is the delicate capitulum." (Haddon, 1S9S.) METRIDIUM DIANTHUS Ellis. Localities. — Kodiak, Yakutat and Sitka, in great abundance. Also coasts of Europe, east coast of North America from the Arctic to Cape Hatteras and west coast of same from Alaska to San Francisco. McMurrich described M. dianthus in great detail in 1901, and gave cogent reasons for uniting M. marginatum and JSf. Jii)ibriatu7n with Ellis' species. I shall therefore limit myself to an examination of the variations in Metridium. VARIATION IN METRIDIUM. As is well known, M. dianthus possesses three conspicuous color types : brown, salmon or orange, and white. According to a sugges- tion by McMurrich, the brown may be the fundamental type, from which the others are derived by direct transformation. In support of this view he states, firstly, that the smallest individuals of his material are brown ; secondly, that white and salmon polyps may exhibit blotches of brown, as though in process of changing their color, although white polyps never appear to be blotched with salmon, and vice versa. Embryological evidence which would be conclusive on this point, is as yet wholly wanting. My own observations on great numbers of Metridium in Oakland Harbor, Calif., indicate that this change of color is not a widespread phenomenon. I have found white and salmon polyps of exceedingly small size quite commonly. Whether these have come from the Q^i; '^7-^ PV4^;,l «=JS iMvWC^#'i/V! ABifAHAM tiTifm;noc GALAPAGOS MALLOPHAGA PLATE XXIX. Fig. I. Nirmus gloriosus, vr\a.\e. 2. ", obtustis, female. 3- " paludtcola, female. 4. " curvilineatus, male. 5- " galapagensis, male. 6. " separatus^ male. 7- " lepidus, male. 8. Lipeurus langutdus, male. (494) Proc. Wash. Acad, Sci. Vol. IV Plate XXIX. AB.tMmn .'.iTH WAfn e.(. GALAPAGOS MALLOPHAGA PLATE XXX. Fig. t. Ltpeurus potens, male. 2. " ext'guus, female. 3. " helleri, male. 4. " miriceps, male. 5. Goniocotes galafage7isis, male. 6 Colpocephalum millert, male. (496) Proc. Wash. Acad, Sci. Vol. IV Plate XXX. ^f>\\ ?.«'W ' ¥' '^ 4 A£.:-/>A!UM itJH WA'iH.O.C. GALAPAGOS MALLOPHAGA PLATE XXXI. Fig. I. Menopon smgularis, female. 2. " 7iarboroughi, female 3. " sfiodgrassi, female. 4. " g-alapagensis, female, c. " albemarlei, female. (498) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV Plate XXXI. A-e-Muwn UTH.miH DC. GALAPAGOS MALLOPHAGA INDEX Note. — New species and varieties in blackface type. Ancistrona gigas 4S3 Colpocephalum milleri 483 spineum 484 unciferum 459, 4S4 Docophorus albemarlensis 465 breviformis 463 communis 464 galapagensis 464 icterodes 462 insulicola 466 lari 463 melanocephalus 462 peristictus 462J platycephalus 461 validus minor 460 Eurymetopus brevis 482 Giebelia mirabilis 482 5 Gonicotes galapagensis 481 Lipeurus baculus ^"jS diversus 476 diversus major 477 exiguus 479 gracilicornis major 477 Lipeurus — continued helleri 479 languidus 475 limitatus 476 miriceps 480 potens 477 Menopon albemarlei 488 galapagensis 487 incerium 4SS narboroughi 485 singularis 485 snodgrassi 486 Nirmus curvilineatus 470 galapagensis 471 gloriosus 458, 467 lepidus 473 obtusus 468 paludicola 469 separatus 472 vulgatus 45S, 474 vulgatus galapagensis 474 interpositus 475 Physostomum angulatum .^83 499 PROCEEDINGS WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. IV, pp. 501-520. September 30, 1902. PAPERS FROM THE HOPKINS STANFORD GALA- PAGOS EXPEDITION, 1898-1899. XI. THE BIRDS OF CLIPPERTON AND COCOS ISLANDS. By Robert Evans Snodgrass and Edmund Heller. CONTENTS. Clipperton Island, described 501 Cocos Island, desci'ibed 504 Systematic account of the birds 505 CLIPPERTON ISLAND. Clipperton Island bears the distinction of being the only coral island of the eastern Pacific. It is a true atoll, two miles across in its longest diameter. It lies in latitude 10° 17' north and longitude 109° 13' west, being almost directly south of Cape San Lucas, Lower California, and west of the northern part of Costa Rica. It is about 600 miles distant from the nearest place on the mainland, which is Tejupan Point at the south end of Man- zanilla Bay, between San Bias and Acapulco, Mexico. Polit- ically it belongs to Mexico. Its climate is hot and very humid. The water about it is warm and the currents westerly. The Mexican current, which flows southeast along the coast of Mexico, is deflected to the westward in the latitude of Clipperton. Hence, the currents which bathe the island come directly from the mainland, and are responsible for the animals and plants now carried there by Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Sept., 1902. 501 502 SNODGRASS AND HELLER natural agencies. The land fauna is very scant and its rela- tionships have not yet been determined. Besides birds a lizard, Lagosoma erundeli, occurs there ; also an Agrionid dragonfly, a Cicindelid beetle and a very few Diptera. The nymphs of the dragonflies live in the brackish lagoon inside the circu- lar coral bank. No land plant is native to the island, and the birds and crabs are everywhere so abundant that no plant could possibly grow there unless artificially protected. The island is roughly circular, being composed of a narrow ring formed of sand and pieces of coral. Its width varies from 200 to 1,300 feet, averaging in most places between 300 and 600 feet. The interior of the island is occupied by a lagoon of brackish water full of algge. According to P. J. Henning's chart of Clipperton Island, made in 1897, its depth, near the center is forty fathoms, and at one point south of the center, fifty-five fathoms. Everywhere near the shore it is shallow, but the bottom slopes off very irregularly toward the center. The depth varies slightly, probably according to the rainfall, for the lagoon was, in 1898, entirely shut off from the ocean. According to Henning's chart the water over a reef in the middle of the lagoon is only from two to eight inches deep. During our visit in November, 1898, the reefs were everywhere two feet, and in most places much more, beneath the surface of the water. This reef crosses the middle of the lagoon in a northwest-southeast direction along the line of the greatest diameter of the atoll. Near the northwest shore of the lagoon are several small islands on which one of the terns of the island. Sterna fuUginosa^ was nesting in great numbers during our visit. The height of the island is uniformly very low and its surface flat, except on the outer side where it slopes off rather steeply to the ocean, and on the inner side where it slopes more gently to the lagoon. Everywhere, except at one place to be men- tioned later, it is composed of irregular fragments of coral stems. Where sections of the banks have been cut by water, the material below the surface is seen to be exactly the same as that at the surface, except that it is compacted into solid beds. No coral sandstone rocks were found. The pieces of coral THE BIRDS OF CLIPPERTON AND COCOS ISLANDS 503 scattered about just above high-water mark have smoothed and polished surfaces, though still preserving their branched shapes. Lower down the coral fragments are worn by the waves to rounded pebbles, and finally ground up into sand. All around the island a sloping reef runs outward from high-water mark. Its variable width is generally equal to or slightly greater than the part of the island above water. Soundings at the anchorage on the north side of the island at a distance of seven hundred feet from the outer edge of the reef show depths of 38, 46 and 60 fathoms, while at the edge of the reef, just outside of low- water mark, the depth is only about 20 fathoms. Near the middle of the east side of the island is a large mass of dark igneous rock, about sixty feet high, which is not found else- where on the island. It is much eroded by water ; its exterior is cut into numerous pinnacles and irregular projections, and its interior is hollowed out by caves. Large passageways extend entirely through the mass. The rock is so worn by the water that it has the appearance of being a large isolated block of sandstone. It is, however, simply the surviving remnant, above water, of the original volcanic island on which the coral atoll has been built. In places the surface of the rock is decom- posed into a soft, whitish material, easily broken between the fingers. The excrement of birds upon it in other places has made on the surface a white, glassy formation. Boobies and terns inhabit the island in enormous numbers. The phosphates of their excrement, for they feed almost entirely on fish, have acted chemically on the calcium carbonate form- ing the coral surface of the island, and have in places trans- formed large beds of this coral into calcium phosphate. The island was leased from Mexico in 1898 by the Pacific Islands Company for the purpose of exporting this coral phosphate for fertilizing purposes. Where good formations are found the mixture is dug up, broken into small pieces, dried, sacked and shipped without further preparation. The chemist on the island, Mr. F. T. Shepherd, told us that this exported product yields from 70 to 80 percent of phosphates. We visited Clipperton Island November 23 and 24, 1898, and to the representatives of the Pacific Islands Company sta- 504 SNODGRASS AND HELLER tioned there at that time we are indebted for generous hospi- tality, and for aid given in obtaining specimens of the fauna of the island. COCOS ISLAND. Cocos Island lies in latitude 5° 33' north and longitude 87° 2' west. It is about four miles long in its longest diameter, which is east and west, and has a circumference of about thirteen miles. Its highest part, on its western side, is visible from a distance of sixty miles. The island is mountainous, presenting on all sides perpendicular cliffs, and above these steep slopes and canyons. The northern side, however, has several in- dentations. Chatham Bay, on the northeast shore, is well protected from the oceanic swells, and affords good anchorage in fourteen fathoms half a mile from land. At the middle of the shore of the bay is a sand-beach, on which an easy boat- landing may be made, for in quiet weather the surf is low. Streams of fresh water flow down on all sides of the island, in most places pouring over the cliffs into the ocean. About Chat- ham Bay the slope is gentler than at most other places, for here a large canyon comes down to the beach, and the stream in its bed cuts through the sand of the beach into the ocean. Wafer Bay, on the northwest side of the island, about a mile from Chatham Bay, is said to be a much inferior anchorage, on ac- count of its deeper water and the heavy swell that enters it. The rock composing Cocos Island is volcanic, but is not made up of layers of lava as is the case with the Galapagos, Rivillagigido and Guadalupe Islands, but, at least about Chat- ham Bay, forms one solid mass as does the volcanic rock on Clipperton Island. The surface is greatly eroded, there being everywhere, as before stated, numerous deep canyons, and the rock is almost everywhere covered by a rich shallow soil. The climate resembles that of Clipperton, being extremely humid. The island lies in the warm counter equatorial current which flows past Cocos in an easterly direction toward Panama Bay, where its waters are deflected to the north and south. With the currents flowing as they now do, it is apparently im- possible for plants or animals to be carried by them from the mainland to Cocos Island. THE BIRDS OF CLIPPERTON AND COCOS ISLAND 505 The vegetation is extremely rich, though the number of plant species is few. Everywhere a dense green covering of tall trees and smaller undergrowth clothes the irregular mountain slopes and ridges. In this respect Cocos strongly contrasts with any other island of the eastern tropical Pacific. Guadalupe Island, the Rivillagigido and Galapagos archipelagos are for the most part dry and barren, even the wettest parts of the Galapagos being far less humid and less thickly covered with vegetation than is Cocos. Animal life on Cocos Island is very scarce. Besides the birds there is present a rat, Mtis nonvegicus^ brought hither by vessels that have touched here for wood and water. A lizard, Anolis townsendi, is rather numerous. With the excep- tion of a snake reported by Townsend this lizard and the birds are the only native land vertebrates known. Hogs have been introduced and now run wild on the island. Insects are very scarce. One cicada occurs but is rare. We obtained one nymph of it in July but saw no adults. A fly, Leiicomelina ^ica^ is somewhat plentiful. There is one ant, Tetramoriutn atiropunctatum, that is extremely numerous, occurring in great numbers on the leaves of all the vegetation. It is minute but its bite is excessively annoying, causing an almost unendurable irritation of the skin. Its presence makes travelling on the island exceedingly disagreeable. We visited Cocos Island June 30 to July 3, 1899. SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT OF THE BIRDS. STERNA FULIGINOSA Gmelin. Sterna fidiginosa Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, p. 605, 1788. — Rothschild and Hartert, Novitates Zoologies, vi, p. 191, 1899 (Galapagos). — Saunders, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxv, p. 106, 1896. Range. — Intertropical waters and adjacent regions. In the eastern Pacific : Mazatlan, Panama, Rivillagigido Islands, Clipperton Island, Galapagos Islands (Rothschild), Hawaiian Islands. Adult Female. — Cat. No. 3826, Stanford University Museum, from Clipperton Island, Nov. 23, 189S. Upper parts sooty black, almost glossy black on nape and top of head. Primaries, except the first, with silvery-gray bloom on upper edge of each barb. Outermost tail feathers long, slender and tapering, reaching 45 mm. beyond second Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Sept., 1902. 5o6 SNODGRASS AND HELLER and 93 mm. beyond the middle pair ; their outer webs and basal two thirds of inner webs white ; inner web on its terminal third passing into dark brown but paling again near the tip. Inner edge of folded wing white. Forehead white, the white prolonged backward on each side of head as a white line to above the fore part of the eye. Lores black, connected with the black of top of head by a narrow black band above and another below the eye. Sides of head, under wing coverts and entire under parts white ; a grayish tinge on posterior part of the belly and under tail coverts. Under surfaces of primaries and rectrices grayish-brown, under surfaces of their shafts ivory white. Bill and feet, in the dried skin, black with a slight purplish or reddish tinge. None of the male specimens have the outer tail feathers well devel- oped as streamers. In nearly all they are plain dark brown, grayish at base, and but little longer than the second pair of rectrices. One male has the outer pair grayish on the outer webs. None of the speci- mens show the " flecks of white on the lores and crown " mentioned by Saunders. All the specimens, seven in number, six male and one female, are adult and were taken at Clipperton in November, 1898. Their measurements follow. MEASUREMENTS, IN MILLIMETERS , OF Sterna fuliginosa. Catalogue Number. Sex. Length. Wing. Tail. Culmen. Depth of Bill at Base. Tarsus. Middle Toe. 3820 Male. 390 286 140 41 10.5 22.5 20 3821 Male. 385 283 128 39 ID 22 19-5 3824 Male. 286 130 41 11-5 23 19 3826 Female. 403 283 178 41 II 20 19 3827 Male. 419 288 147 43-5 II-5 22 19 3828 Male. 380 282 138 41 12 22.5 18 3829 Male. 407 280 155 40 II 21.3 18.5 The average length of culmen, from the above table, is 41 mm. w^hich is considerably shorter than that given by Saunders ^ and by Ridg- way.^ The table also shows that the wings do not exceed 28S mm. in length. Rothschild ^ also noted the shortness of the wings in his specimens from the Galapagos, stating, however, that in one specimen they reached 310 mm. These birds were extremely abundant on and about the small islands in the northwest part of the Clipperton lagoon where they were nesting, 'Saunders, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxv, p. 106. ^Ridgway, Manual of N. A. Birds, 2d ed., p. 45. ^Rothschild, Novitates Zodlogicae, vi, p. 191. THE BIRDS OF CLIPPERTON AND COCOS ISLANDS 507 but only a few were seen elsewhere on the atoll. About the rookery they were exceedingly noisy. All seemed to utter the same sounds, but so great and continuous was the general din that individual voices could hardly be distinguished. The sounds, however, differed from those of Anous, mentioned below, in being much less distinctly composed of a series of notes. They were more continuous, yet had a fairly evident separation into three similar syllables. When driven from their eggs the birds flew up in great numbers utteringthe same notes loudly and harshly. The eggs are laid singly on the bare rock. In color they are creamy whitish, marked with dark brown blotches and specks of varying in- tensity. Sometimes spots of all sizes are evenly distributed over the entire egg, in other cases the larger blotches are accumulated in a circle about its larger end. Some have no large blotches, the markings con- sisting entirely of small dark spots, or occasionally with very pale, almost obsolete blotches. One egg appears very different from the rest, being thickly covered uniformly with large elongate daubs of reddish-brown, all placed obliquely in the sair^^ direction. Size, 46 X 33 to 54 X 38 mm. ANOUS STOLIDUS RIDGWAYI Anthony. Anous stolidus rousseaui Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix, p. 645, 1896 (Cocos Island). Anous stolidus ridgiuayi Anthony, Auk, xv, p. 36, Jan., 1898 (Cocos and Socorro Islands). Range. — Eastern Pacific, north of the Galapagos : known from the Rivillagigido Islands, Clipperton Island, Cocos Island and the coast of Mexico. Boundary between this form and A. stolidus rousseaui (Hartlaub) not known. Adult Fe7nale. — Cat. No. 5218, StanfordUniversity Museum, from Cocos Island, July i , 1899. Top of head pearl gray, almost white ante- riorlv, entirely white along a narrow line from bill to eye, bordering the lores. Back of head becoming gradually darker, merging into the brown of the mantle. Back, scapulars, upper tail coverts, wing coverts and tertiaries pure dark sooty-brown. Alula darker dusky-brown. Pri- maries and secondaries still darker blackish-brown, slightly paler on the inner webs. Rectrices same color as the wing feathers. Under wing coverts dark grayish-brown. Rest of under parts uniform in color with the back. Throat with a very dark plumbeous tinge, giving it a blackish tone in some lights. Lores and line from lores above the eyes black. A white spot in the supraocular part of this line above the posterior part of the eye. Sides of head dark plumbeous. Lower eyelid edged with white. Bill black. Feet dark brown. 5o8 SNODGRASS AND HELLER Immature Male. — Similar to adult, somewhat lighter on belly ; feathers of back, wing coverts, rump and upper tail coverts with red- dish-brown edgings. Lores blackish-brown. Pale color of top of head dead white, lacking the pearly or plumbeous hue of the adult, closely mottled or streaked with brown, ending abruptly against the color of the back. No plumbeous on the sides of head or throat. According to Anthony this species is " much darker and less brown than A. rousseatii, resembling in this respect A. g-alapagoensis^ from which it differs in the much paler cap." We have four adult females and three immature males from Cocos Island, taken in July, and three adult females from Clipperton Island, taken in November. In the following table we give the measurements in millimeters of our adult specimens from Clipperton and Cocos Islands, and also, for comparison, Ridgway's averages for Anous stolidus rousseaui} MEASUREMENTS, IN MILLIMETERS, OF AllOllS StoUduS ridgwayi. Catalogue Number. Sex. 5 be s ■3 n a u . 0-2 k bi n "^ a 0 "o S tn u •— < 1^ 5!5 Hi n % 5« P.I3 0 CI 3840 Female. 775 393 223 92 37 35 64 Wenman Id. 3841 Female. 705 395 220 85 34 31 59 '1 << 3842 Female. 750 403 218 89 32 39 63 Clarion " 4273 Male. 750 385 247 85 31 39 63 Wenman " 4282 Male. 720 371 212 85 36 35 58 " " 5009 Female. 765 395 240 88 34 38 65 Clarion " 5024 Male. 760 407 235 88 34 36 61 << i< FREGATA AQUILA (Linnaeus). Pelecanus aqtiila Linn^us, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, Vol. i, p. 133, 1758. — Roths- child AND Hartert, Novitates Zoologicas, vi, p. 175, 1899 (Galapagos). Fregata aqidla and Fregata aquila fntnor RiDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIX, pp. 590, 591, 1896 (Galapagos) THE BIRDS OF CLIPPERTON AND COCOS ISLANDS 517 Range. — Tropical and subtropical parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In the Eastern Pacific: Guadalupe Island, Rivillagigido Archipelago, Clipperton Island, Cocos Island and Galapagos Archi- pelago. Common everywhere throughout the eastern tropical Pacific, rang- ing far from land. Breeds on the Rivillagigido and the Galapagos Islands. DUCK. A duck, species unknown, we were told by the people living on Clipperton Island, is common in the lagoon during the winter. COCCYZUS FERRUGIXEUS Gould. Coccyzus ferrugineus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 104, 1843 (Cocos Island). — Gould, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, p. 46, pi. 29, 1844. — Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lend., p. 167, 1870. — Shelley, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XIX, p. 303, 1891. — TowxsEXD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., xxvii, No. i, p. 124, 1895. Ra7ige. — Cocos Island. Adult Male. — Cat. Xo. S^SO? Stanford University Museum, from Cocos Island, June 30, 1S99. ^op of head dark plumbeous-gray. Lores and auriculars blackish. Scapulars and fore part of back brown- ish-olive. Lower part of back and upper tail coverts grayish-olive. Pri- maries bright rufous, fading into buff at their bases and into brown at their tips. Secondaries olive-brown above, with pale rufous edgings; very pale rufous below. Upper wing coverts the color of the back, with wide rufous edgings. Alula olive-brown, the feathers edged with rufous. Middle tail feathers greenish-bronze, blackening subterminally, with narrow white margins at tips. The other tail feathers black, fading into buff at their bases, each with a large terminal white spot occupying both webs, that of the outer longest, 32 mm. in length. Ventral surface, sides of body and under wing coverts bright buff, whitening on the chin. Bill black except the basal half of the lower mandible which is bright yellow. Feet black. Length 327 mm., wing 133, tail iSo, culmen 31, basal width of bill 9, basal depth of bill 10, maxilla from nostril, iS, tarsus 29, middle toe 19.7. One specimen was obtained at Chatham Bay, Cocos Island, June 30. No others were seen. Two specimens were secured by Townsend and one by the collectors of H. M. S. Sulphur. Genus Nesotriccus Townsend. iV^j<7/r?Vr«5 Townsend, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., xxvii, p. 124, 1895. "Allied to Eribates of the Galapagos Islands, but with bill rela- 5l8 SNODGRASS AND HELLER tively longer and more flattened. Culmen separating the nostrils as a prominent ridge. Gonys less than half the length of lower man- dible, terminating in advance of nostrils. Tail relatively shorter." (Townsend.) NESOTRICCUS RIDGWAYI Townsend. Nesotriccus ridgwayiTow^s^HD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. , xxvii, p. 124, 1895 (Cocos Island). Range. — Cocos Island. Adult (sex unknown). — Cat. No. 501^4, Stanford University Museum, from Cocos Island, June 30, 1S99. Above dusky-olive, be- coming pale rufous on the upper tail coverts, a tinge of the same color on the hind neck. Tail feathers brown with buffy edgings and fading into buff terminally. Middle and greater wing coverts with wide, pale rufous tips. Wing quills dusky brown with buff edgings, the latter widest on the secondaries. Below much lighter olive than above, darkest across the breast, pale and yellowish on the belly, becoming buff on the crissum. Throat whitish. Under ^ving coverts yellowish- olive. Upper mandible dark brown, lower mandible light brown, darker at tip. Feet black. Length 145 mm., wing 58, tail 52, culmen 16, depth of bill at nostril 4, maxilla from nostril 10.5, width of bill at base 6, tarsus 19, middle toe 9.5. This species, according to Townsend, is " distinguished fi'om the allied Eribates (^Myiarchus) 7nagni7'ostris in having no trace of rufous on inner webs of tail feathers, and no ashiness of throat and breast. It is also smaller with the nostrils separated by a sharp ridge." CHELIDON ERYTHROGASTER .? One individual seen flying over Clipperton Island in November. COCORNIS AGASSIZI Townsend. Cocornis agassiziTo\YT>iSY.^v>, Bull. Mus. Comp, Zool., xxvii, No. 3, p. 123, 1895 (Cocos Island). Range. — Cocos Island. Adult Male. — Cat. No. 505S, Stanford University Museum, from Cocos Island, June 30, 1899. Uniform, almost glossy, black except the under tail coverts which are tipped with buffy-gray. Primaries and secondaries brownish-black on inner webs, rectrices dusky-brown below. Bill entirely black. Feet blackish-brown. Immature Male. — Cat. No. 1259, Stanford University Museum, from Cocos Island, June 30, 1899. Above sooty-black on the central parts of the feathers, the feathers of the head with very narrow buffy THE BIRDS OF CLIPPERTON AND COCOS ISLANDS 519 margins, the feathers of the back, scapulars, rump and the upper tail coverts with wider, and the greater and middle wing coverts with very- wide, buffy, almost rufous, margins. Rectrices sooty-brown, with very narrow edgings and wider tips of buff. Feathers of lower parts blackish-brown centrally with wide ashy margins on the throat, and buffy margins on the breast, sides and crissum, and with whitish margins on the belly where the dark central areas of the feathers are almost obscured. Under wing coverts and inner edges of bases of the wing quills whitish. Bill blackish-brown above, pale horn-brown beneath. Feet dark brown. Toung Male. — Cat. No. 1401, Stanford University Museum, from Cocos Island, June 30, 1S99. Similar to the last, but the pale edges of the feathers of the back wider and olive-buff in color, this color almost obscuring the black central areas of the feathers in the middle of the back. Below, ground color almost uniform pale olive- yellowish ; the breast streaked with dark brown. Sides and flanks washed with buff. Upper mandible dark brown, lower mandible brownish toward tip, yellowish at base. Im7nature Fe?)iale. — We have two females in the plumage described by Townsend as adult females, which plumage is exactly the same as that of the "young" male just described. These female specimens certainly have the appearance of being immature birds, having the upper mandible very pale brown and the lower pale yellowish. If these are not mature, then the adult female is not known. It will probably be found to resemble in plumage the " immature" male de- scribed above, and to have the bill entirely black, as is the case with the females of the Galapagos genus Geospiza. The collection contains 5 specimens, being i adult male, 3 imma- ture males and 2 immature females, all taken on Cocos Island, June 30, 1899. Measurements of the 2 adult males are given below. MEASUREMENTS, IN MILLIMETERS, OF CoCOmis rtdgZUayt. Catalogue Number. Sex. I,ength. Wing. Tail. Culmen. Depth of Bill at Base. Width of Bill at Base. Tarsus. /5/c/^. Arch. f. Entwickelungsmech., VIII, pp. 545-617, plates xi-xv. 1900. II. The Eyes of Typhlomol^e rathbunt Ste.]ne^eY. Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc, xxi, pp. 49-60, plates iii and iv. 1900. III. The Structure and Ontogenic Degeneration of the Eyes of the Missouri Cave Salamander. Biological Bulletin, 11, pp. 33-4O5 Pl^te. HABITS OF RHINEURA. Rhineura Jloridana Baird is a legless, burrowing, blind Amphis- baenian lizard. It is abundant in some parts of Florida. The largest individual I secured measured 340 mm. The tail is very short, flat- tened dorsoventrally, and the upper surface of its distal half is strongly rugose. Each of the transverse rings is here, w^ith numerous tuber- cles. The mouth is small ; the tip of the lower jaw is some distance behind the tip of the upper jaw. In shape, color and arrangement of its dermal plates it strikingly resembles an earthworm. This resem- blance is heightened by its vermiform progression through the rhythmic movements of its annular plates. Its forward and backward locomo- tion in its burrows is entirely due to this vermiform movement. It burrows rapidly, and for this its small, hard, conical head is well adapted. The point of the snout is turned down and the head then thrust upward in a rooting fashion. An individual will readily disap- pear in from half a minute to two minutes. By placing it in a glass vessel partly filled with earth its burrowing can readily be seen from below. If placed on a bare surface it for a time will wriggle actively from side to side, snake fashion, but without much effect as far as loco- motion is concerned. The tail, under such circumstances, is dragged behind, as if it had no vital connection with the head. Rarely there is a suggestion of a bracing with the tip of the tail against the floor. In one minute an individual moved 250 mm. In an attempt at root- ing, after the snout had become wedged under the edge of an immov- able object, the whole body to the tip of the tail was repeatedly lifted off the floor. Rhineura is, as far as I know, one of the two blind vertebrates that have been found in the fossil state. Baur described a species of Rhi- netcra (R. hatcherit) and another Amphisbaenian {^Hypsorhina an- tigud) from the Miocene beds of South Dakota. Baur says nothing concerning the dermal plates, so that nothing is definitely known about the eyes of this fossil Rhineura. Since all the genera of the family Amphisbsenidse have rudimentary eyes, the eyes were veiy probably degenerate before the genera became separated. It seems quite cer- THE EYES OF RHINEURA FLORIDANA 535 tain that any fossil members of an existing genus all of whose living species have degenerate eyes, must have had eyes that were to a greater or less extent degenerate. The time suggested by this find of Baur during which the eyes of Rhineura have been degenerating is sur- prisingly long, extending as it does through about 5 to 10 percent of the formation of sedimentary rocks. This is in distinct contrast to the Amblyopsidse, the family of blind fishes, in which the eyes have reached their present condition largely since the glacial epoch, during which the caves of the Ohio valley were not habitable. The eyes of the latter were, however, very probably degenerate to a certain degree before they entered the caves. Rhineura is a burrowing animal, and blind animals which burrow in the ground are not found in naturally made caves. The latter are largely populated by species that tend to hide in crevices or natural cavities under rocks. It would seem from this that the cave fauna was incipient before the existence of caves, and that the latter were colo- nized as soon as they were large enough to admit their present inhabi- tants.^ GENERAL ACCOUNT OF THE EYE. The eye of Rhineura Jloridana is not visible externally, nor is there any indication where it formerly came to the surface. The side ' I have in divers other places emphasized the fact of the voluntary coloniza- tion of caves by animals predisposed to shun the light or creep under rocks or into crevices. In other words, the predisposition to become cave animals existed before the present caves were formed. There is no doubt whatever that the colonizers have been profoundly modified since they entered the caves. Ernest Krause (Prometheus, ix, 652) enters the following protest : " Well, whoever believes it may also attain blessedness in the belief that caves were created to serve as the playground and elysian fields, as it were, of the blind of all classes of animals. We have repeatedly heard these siren songs out of the mystic darkness of the enemies of light and of the development theory ; they are in harmony with the growing effort to upset Lamarckism, Darwinism and even Weissmannism, and hence, before we admit the convincing force of Eigenmann's conclusions, we must look a little more closely at their foundations." Mr. Krause continues for another column to show how very wrong it is not to agree with him that the degeneration of the eyes of cave creatures is due to the absence of light. It is, however, necessary to get our animals into the caves before their eyes may degenerate as the result of the absence of light, and they must be able to maintain themselves in the dark after we have got them there. A sudden and accidental colonization is, therefore, out of the question. If species depending on their eyes for food are excluded as candidates for cave existence, nocturnal animals, negatively heliotropic or positively stereotropic ones, must have supplied the present cave fauna. An examination of the inhabitants of any cave will readily demonstrate that its fauna was derived from the latter classes and that, in spite of the absence of light, many of them have not yet undergone any appreciable degeneration as far as their eyes are concerned. 536 EIGENMANN Fig. 22. Side view of head of Rhitieura showing surface plates and position of eje in relation to them. of the head is continuously covered with plates. There are four labials (i, 2, 3 and 4, of fig. 22), the posterior of which is compara- tively large. Above the labials from in front backward lie a single nasal (5), a single loreal (6), a single preorbital (7), and a group of temporals (8). Above this series of plates lie a supranasal (9), joined to its fellow of the other side, a prefrontal (11) and two supraciliaries (12, 13). In heads cleared with xylol the black eye can be seen to lie underneath the angle between the two supraciliaries and the preorbital. The dermis and epidermis over the eye are not different from these struc- tures over neighboring regions ex- cept that in one instance (PL xxxii, fig. 3, dt') a solid column of cells 32 /x thick extends from Harder's gland to near the epidermis, with- out however fusing with the latter. Fisher (1900, p. 470) found that in Trogonophis the epidermis is re- duced to half its thickness and free from pigment over the eye. In Amphisbcena strauchi and A. dar- ivini the skin is not thinner and the pigment is little or not at all less over the eye. A conjunctival sac has been described for various Amphisbaenians. No such structure is present in Rhineura. Harder's gland (PI. xxxii, figs. 2 and 3, UGl.) is out of all propor- tion to the size of the eye. In a horizontal section it measures about four times as long as the eye (medio-laterally) and three times as wide (antero-posteriorly) . Duvernoy found that in Typhlops Harder's gland is ten times as great as the eye. It is divided into two distinct lobes, that over the anterior face of the eye is histologically quite different from that over the posterior face. In vertical section the gland is seen to entirely surround the eye except sometimes at its lower posterior quarter. The large size of Hai'der's gland has given rise (Duvernoy) to the conclusion that its function is not connected with the eye. Its secretion is poured directly into the tear duct and through it into the nasal cavity. The distance of the eye beneath the outer surface of the epidermis measures between 320 and 560 microns in specimens between 280 and 310 mm. long. It is surrounded by two layers of connective tissue. These are thin over the distal half of the eye. Over the proximal narrow end of the eye they become thick and since they are prolonged THE EYES OF RHINEURA FLORIDANA 537 beyond the eye, stain a different tint and readily become separated, they are easily distinguishable. They probably represent the sclera and choroid. If so the choroid is practically free from pigment ex- cept possibly in rare instances where a few pigment granules were detected in cells closely applied to the eye. There is no indication of any differentiation into a cornea or capsule of any sort. The fibrous sheaths are at the proximal end drawn out into a cone. A supposed scleral cartilage has been found in one individual. Here a bar about 20 /x thick extends from over the center of the distal face of the eye for 160 /J. around its posterior face. It stains and has the structure of bone rather than of cartilage. No traces of any muscles have been found connected with the eye. The eye is directed outward and forward. Its axis is horizontal and makes an angle of about 60° with the sagittal plane of the body. It does not occupy a definitely fixed position on its axis. In the eye of one side the choroid fissure was found directed caudad, in the other eye ventrad. It is irregularly pear-shaped, with its anterior face con- vex, its posterior face flat or even concave. The eyes in three speci- mens give the following measurements in microns : MEASUREMENTS IN MICRONS OF EYES OF RHINEURA. Len^h of 1 Medio-lateral Diameter. Antero-posterior Diam. Distance from Surface. Millim. Left Eye. Right Eye. Left Eye. Right Eye. Left Eye. Right Eye. 275 1 320 280 i 312 310 1 320 320 298 320 128 160 216 176 i8r 176 480 320 560 336 368 560 MINUTE ANATOMY OF THE EYE. All the structures vary greatly in different eyes so that the terms "sometimes," "usually," frequently," etc., have to be used much more than is desirable. This cannot be avoided unless each eye is given a distinct description. (a) The Iris. — In the structure of the irideal region the eye of this species is unique among the degenerate vertebrate eyes so far described. In all other eyes, with the possible exception of Troglichthys., elements of an iris are distinctly recognizable. In Rhineura the fold of double epithelium between the pigmented and unpigmented part of the retina whose margin is the margin of the pupil has been obliterated and the pupillary edge forms the extreme outer edge of the blunt end of the pear (PI. xxxiii, fig. i, /). The pigmented layer of the retina in 538 EIGENMANN other words merges directly into the unpigmented layers of the retina. The entire thickness of the retina is thus exposed at the distal face of the eye. ((5) The Vitreous Body. — The vitreous cavity is represented by a vertical slit extending from the axis of the eye downward to the edge. The choroid fissure (PI. xxxiv, fig. 4, Chr.fS) thus remains perma- nently open in so far as the edges of the opposite sides of the fissure are not united. In one eye a space a few microns wide was found in the eye. In other cases there is no real cavity and no vitreous body. The hyaloid membrane (PI. xxxiii, fig. i and PI. xxxiv, fig. 4, hd^ is represented by a few cells with elongated nuclei. Blood vessels were not found in it. (c) The Lens. — In two specimens no traces of a lens were found. In two other specimens a lens was present. There being no pupil and no vitreous cavity the lens is situated in a little depression in the distal face of the retina (PI. xxxii, fig. 4 ; PI. xxxiv, figs. 1,2,3). '^'^^ lenses differ greatly from each other. In the better developed instances (PI. XXXIV, fig. i) it is composed of a spherical mass of cells. The nuclei are granular and are surrounded by a hyaline cell body. These little capsules ai'e closely packed in a slightly darker matrix. The whole lens is surrounded by a fibrous capsule containing elongated nuclei. Both eyes of one individual are provided with lenses as described. In another individual the two lenses differ materially not only from those described, but from each other both in structure and size. The left lens consists of a lenticular nodule containing about six dense nuclei (PI. XXXIV, fig. 2). On the right side (PL xxxiv, fig. 3) the lens is much larger. It consists of two large nucleated capsules surrounded by a matrix containing a few dense elongated nuclei similar to those of the capsule surrounding it (PI. xxxiv, figs, i, 2, 3 are drawn to the same scale) . The difference exclusive of size between the two cap- sules and the many nuclei represented in PI. xxxiv, fig. i, may be due to differences in the method of preparation. {d) The Retina. — The numbers in the following paragraphs are not consecutive, but are those used to designate the corresponding layers in the figures. I . The pigment epithelium forms a complete outer layer of the eye exclusive of its distal face and a narrow strip along the choroid fissure. The extent to which this epithelium is pigmented differs greatly in different eyes. A region along either side of the choroid fissure is free from pigment, occasionally parts of the anterior face of the eye are free from pigment (PI. xxxiii, fig. 2) and very frequently the THE EYES OF RHINEURA FLORIDANA 539 cells of this layer around the distal margin of the eye are free from pigment. Over the anterior face of the eye this layer is usually com- posed of a regular layer of cells whether these are free from pigment or not (PI. XXXIII, figs, i and 3). On the posterior face the series of cells is not nearly so regular. The pigmented epithelium is here in- vaginated and folded upon itself in various ways. The infoldings are sometimes solid masses of pigment cells, but sometimes they form hollow spheres which contain a mass of concentrically arranged un- pigmented material, probably of choroidal origin (PI. xxxii, fig. 6c and PI. xxxiii, fig. 3). What the significance of these cysts may be I cannot conjecture. Indications of similar structures were in these ne eyes of Amblyopsis. The narrow stalk of the pear-shaped eye is usually filled with an irregular jumble of pigment cells. In favorable sections it is seen that these are also the result of an invagination of the pigment epithelium from the pointed end of the eye (PI. xxxiii, fig. 2). The pigment epithelium has not been reduced at the same rate as the rest of the retina ; as a consequence it is infolded in various ways. Small pig- ment cells are sometimes found in the inner layers of the retina among the ganglionic cells and along the optic nerve within the eye. Pigment cells were also found in the eyes of Typhlotnolge (Eigenmann, 1900, figs. 2 and 6, z'). There are rarely any pigment cells over the distal face of the eye. \a. A', nuclei. In the eyes of Typhlichthys (Eigenmann, 1899, fig. 44, A', and Troglichthys^ figs. 52 and 56, «/) I described a few cells with elongated tangentially placed nuclei between the pig- mented epithelium and the outer nuclear layer. I was unable to account for these in the eyes of the two fishes mentioned. Similar cells, similarly located, are present in this eye. They are distinctly outside of the outer limiting membrane (PI. xxxii, fig. 5 ; PL xxxiii, figs. I, 2). I am at as great a loss to explain the origin of these nuclei as I was those found in Typhlichthys. Possibly they are derived from the pigment epithelium which in some of the unpigmented regions (PI. xxxiii, fig. 2, x^ are more than one layer deep. If the outer layer should become pigmented the inner nuclei if they remained unpig- mented might give rise to these longitudinal cells. 2. Rods and cones are not present. There is in some cases a distinct space between the pigment epithelium and the outer nuclear layer. This space when present is partially filled with filmy, hazy structures, but nothing suggesting definitely either a rod or cone was detected (PI. xxxii, fig. 5 ; PI. XXXIII, fig. i). 540 EIGENMANN 3. The outer nuclear layer consists of about two series of elliptical nuclei. They form a compact and distinct layer a few microns from the outer limiting membrane (PL xxxii, fig. 5 ; PI. xxxiii, figs. 1,2; PI. XXXIV, fig. 4). 4. The outer reticular layer is represented by a series of distinct but irregular gaps between the outer nuclei and the inner nuclei. Hori- zontal cells are not present (PL xxxii, fig. 5 ; PL xxxiii, figs, i, 2, 3). 6. The inner nuclei are smaller, rounded and less granular than the outer nuclei. They do not form as compact a layer as the outer nuclei. It is impossible to distinguish between bipolar and spongioblastic cells (6 in the different figures) . 8. As is usual with the inner reticular layers in degenerate eyes this layer is well developed in the eyes of Rhineiira. It is frequently crossed by Miillerian fibers (8 in the figures). 9. The ganglionic layer is represented by a number of nuclei loosely grouped about the vitreous slit. The individual nuclei are distinctly larger than those of the inner nuclear layer and less oval than those of the outer nuclear layer (9 in the figures) . 10. A distinct optic fiber layer is not present and the optic nerve is nowhere within the eye a compact strand of fibers. A loose flocculent strand of fibers passes through the proximal part of the retina. Its path through the pigmented layer is difficult to trace. Beyond the eye the optic nerve can be followed in my preparations by means of the fibrous sheaths and pigment cells associated with it (PL xxxiii, fig. 4) rather than by the presence of any fibers with a distinctly nervous structure. The optic nerve leaves the eye not at the proximal end or the narrow end of the pear but anterior to the pigment mass in the narrow part of the pear (PL xxxiii, fig. 2, n. op.'). CONCLUSIONS. 1 . The eye of Rhineura has reached its present stage as the result of a process of degeneration that probably began in the early Miocene. 2. The dermis and epidermis pass over the eye without any modifi- cations. The conjunctival pocket has vanished. 3. Harder's gland is many times as large as the eye and pours its secretion into the tear duct and thus into the nasal cavity. 4. The eye muscles have disappeared. 5. A cornea is not differentiated. 6. The lens is absent in half the eyes examined and varies greatly in those in which it is present. 7. The vitreous body has practically disappeared. THE EYES OF RHINEURA FLORIDANA 54I 8. The pigment epithelium is variously pigmented. It is of greater extent than is sufficient to cover the retina and has been variously in- vaginated or puckered over the proximal and posterior faces of the eye. 9. An uveal part of the iris is not present. 10. The eye of Rhineura does not represent a phylogenetically primitive stage ; it is an end product of evolution as truly as the most highly developed eye.' 11. The adult eye shows few indications that there has been a ces- sation of development at any definite ontogenic stage. It does not re- semble as a whole any ontogenic stage. 12. An arrest in the ontogenic development has taken place in so far as the number of cell multiplications concerned in forming the an- lage of the various parts of the eye have decreased in number, and in the lack of union of the lips of the choroid fissure. 13. It is possible that the absence of cones or rods is due to an arrest in the histogenesis of the retina but since these structures are normally formed in the young of Typhlotriton and disappear with age it is possible that their absence in the adult eye of Rhineura is also due to ontogenic degeneration. 14. The irregularity in the structure and existence of the lens and the great reduction of the vitreous body offer evidence in favor of the idea of the ontogenically and phylogenically earlier disappearance of the ontogenically and phylogenically newer structures. 15. Horizontal nuclei found between the pigment epithelium and the outer limiting membrane are probably derived from the proximal layer of the optic cup. 16. The different layers of the retina have reached a degree of dif- ferentiation out of proportion to the great reduction of the dioptric apparatus and general structure of the eye. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. My attention was called to this lizard by Mr. W. S. Blatchley, State geologist of Indiana. Dr. W. B. Fletcher, of Indianapolis, kindly secured some specimens for me. To both of these gentlemen I wish to express my obligations. Other specimens were secured through dealers. BIBLIOGRAPHY. List of papers bearing on the eves of the Amphisba;nians. Baur, George. 1893 The Discovery of Miocene Amphisbaenians. Am. Nat., 1893, p. 998. 1 The detailed considerations on which conclusions 10, 11, 12, 14 are based are not presented in the body of this paper. They will, however, be granted no doubt. 542 EIGENMANN Born, G.i 1876 and 1879 Ueber die Nasenholen und den Thranenausgang der Amphibien Morphologisches Jahrbuch, 11, 1876, and v, 1879. Boulenger, G. A. 1885 Catalogue of Lizards, 2d edition. Vol. 11, p. 430. Cope, E. D. 1898 The Crocodilians, Lizards and Snakes of North America. Smithsonian Report. U. §. Nat. Mus., 189S, pp. 682-688. Denburgh, John van. 1897 The Reptiles of the Pacific Coast and Great Basin. Occasional papers Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1897. Fischer, E. Beitr. z. Kenntniss d. Nasenhohle u. d. Thranennasenganges d. Am- phisbaeniden. Arch. Mikr. Anat., 55, pp. 441-478, Pis. xxi-xxiv. Hoffmann, C. K. 1884 Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreiches, vi, 3, p. 799. Kohl, C.i 1892 Rudimentare Wirbelthieraugen. Bibl. Zool. , Heft 13. Stannius, H.i 1895 Handbuch der Zootomie. Berlin, 1859. ^ Not seen by the author of this paper. PLATE XXXII. Note. — All figures are from photographs. Fig. I. Side view of Rhuteura Jloridana and dorsal view of its tail. 2. Horizontal section of head showing Harder's gland and position of the eye. 3. Horizontal section through right eye showing the solid strand of cells extending from Harder's gland to near the epidermis. 4. Horizontal section of left eye of same individual showing extent of pig- mentation and lens. 5. Distal part of another section of same eye showing the different layers of the retina at their highest development. 2 mm. objective. 6. Proximal part of another eye showing the cyst represented diagrammat- ically in PI. xxxiii, fig. 3. 2 mm. objective. Explanation of Notation Used. I. Pigment epithelium. dt. Solid duct of Harder's gland. 3. Outer nuclear layer. H.Gl. Harder's gland. 4. Outer reticular layer. hd. Hyaloid membrane. 6. Inner nuclear layer. L. Sinistrad. 8. Inner reticular layer. lens. Lens. 9. Ganglionic layer. n.op. Optic nerve. c. Cyst of pigment cells containing f. Margin of pupil. pigmentless material. R- Dextrad. chr. Choroid. scl. Sclera. chr.f. Choroidal fissure. V. Ventrad. cps. Blood corpuscles. *. Flattened cells beneath the pigment D. Dorsad. epithelium. (544) Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XXXI From photogrn fills. EYES OF RHINEURA FLORIDANA. PROCEEDINQS WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. IV, pp. 549-560. [Plate xxxv.] September 30, 1902. PAPERS FROM THE HOPKINS STANFORD GALA- PAGOS EXPEDITION, 1898-1899. XIII. MARINE MOLLUSCA. By H. a. Pilsbry and E. G. Vanatta. CONTENTS. Introduction 549 Catalogue of Species 550 Descriptions of New Species ' " 556 Mollusks collected at Cocos Island 559 INTRODUCTION. The collection here reported on was made by Robert E. Snodgrass and Edmund Heller, and forms a part of the zoo- logical museum of Stanford University. A duplicate series, including most of the species, is in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. The molluscan fauna of the Galapagos has recently been catalogued and some new species described by Dr. Robert E. C. Stearns, of Los Angeles, Cal., his results being published in the Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 1893, Volume xvi, pp. 353-450. References to the literature are set forth with such fullness in Dr. Stearns's paper that it is not deemed neces- sary to repeat them here. Stearns used chiefly the material collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross^ at James, Indefatigable, Hood, Charles, Chatham and Duncan Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Sept., 1902. 549 550 PILSBRY AND VANATTA Islands. The present collection was made mainly on the west side of Albemarle and the adjacent shore of Narboro, from which islands only three species have hitherto been recorded. In the list compiled from all sources by Dr. Stearns the total of marine species is 267, 102 of which he identified from the Albatross and other collections in the U. S. National Museum. The present list enumerates loi species, of which about 25 are not included in the several lists quoted by Stearns. It is likely that the number now known from the islands is much less than one half of the total number of littoral species, as very few small and minute forms have been recorded. Moreover, it is obvious that in the catalogue as it now stands, the identifications are of unequal value, and some clearly require revision ; a work which cannot profitably be undertaken with the material now available in any one museum. CATALOGUE OF SPECIES. PELECYPODA. Family Arcidae. Area multicosta Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Area solida B. and S., Tagus Cove, Iguana Cove and Point Christo- pher, Albemarle. Area velata Sowb., Tagus and Iguana Coves and Point Christopher, Albemarle. Area retieulata Gmel., Tagus Cove and Point Christopher, Albe- marle ; Narboro. Family Pernidae. Perna ehemnitziana Orb. (?), Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Ostreidae. Ostrea mexieana Sowb., Narboro. Ostrea rosaeea Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Anomiidae. Plaeunanomia foliata Brod., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Peetenidae. Peeten magnifieus Sowb., Tagus Cove and Narboro, opposite Tagus Cove. MARINE MOLLUSCA 55 1 Family Limidae. Lima angulata Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Lima galapagensis Pils. and Van., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Mytilidae. Mytilus multiformis Cpr. (?), Narboro. Lithophagus aristatus Sol., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Carditidae. Venericardia flammea Mich., Bindloe. Family Lucinidae. Codakia (Jagonia) galapagana Dall, Point Christopher and Tagus Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Family Chamidae. Chama frondosa purpurascens Conr., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Cardiidae. Cardium apicinum Cpr., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Veneridae. Venus multicostata Sowb., Tagus and Iguana Coves, Albemarle. Venus SUCCincta Val., Tagus Cove and Point Christopher, Albe- marle ; Narboro. Venus tricolor Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Callista affinis Gmel., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Dosinia dunkeri Phil., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Dosinia ponderosa Gray, Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Petricolidae. Petricola amygdalina Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Semelidae. Semele punctata Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Semele solida Gray (proxima Ads.), Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Tellinidae. Lutricola cognata Pils. and Van., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. 552 PILSBRY AND VAN ATT A POLYPLACOPHORA. Family Chitonidae. Chiton goodalli Brod., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Chiton sulcatus Wood, Iguana and Tagus Coves, Albemarle ; Nar- boro. Family Acanthochitidae. Acanthochites hirudiniformis Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. GASTROPODA. Family Acmaeidae. Acmaea mitella Mke., Iguana and Tagus Coves, Albemarle. Family Fissurellidae. Fissurella obscura Sowb., Iguana and Tagus Coves, Albemarle; Culpepper. The nominal species F. 77iacrotrenia Sow^b. and F. longifissa Sowb. are unquestionably synonyms of F. obscura^ though they have hitherto been given specific rank in the books. F. asperella Sowb. is closely allied, but may be distinct by its sculpture of raised dots. The color-form longijissa was taken at Tagus Cove and Point Christopher. Fissuridea inaequalis Sowb., Iguana and Tagus Coves and Point Christopher, Albemarle. Family Trochidae. Chlorostoma cooksoni Smith, Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Chlorostoma snodgrassi Pils. and Van., Iguana and Tagus Coves and Point Christopher, Albemarle ; Narboro. Calliostoma leanum C. B. Ad., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Eulimidae. Stylifer astericola Brod., var., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Naticidae. Polinices uber Val., Tagus Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Family Calyptraeidae. Amalthea grayana Mke., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Crepidula aculeata Gmel., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Crepidula adunca Sowb., Wenman. Crepidula onyx Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. PLATE XXXV. Fig. I. Cerithidea miiiata sp. nov. 2. Drillia roseobash sp. nov. 3. Drillia albemarleinis sp. nov. 4. Lima galapagensis s'p . noY . e,. Lutricola cognata sp. nov. 6. Chlorostoma sftodgrassi s'p. nov. 7. Chlorostoma stiodgrassi sp. nov. ( 560 ) MARINE MOLLUSCA 553 Crepidula unguiformis Lam, Tagus Cove and Point Christopher, Albemarle. Calyptraea sordida Brod., Tagus Cove, Albemarie. Cnicibulum imbricatum Brod., Point Christopher, Albemarle. Crucibulum imbricatum trigonale A. and R., Tagus Cove, Albe- marle. Mitrularia varia Brod., Iguana Cove and Point Christopher, Albe- marle; Narboro. Family Rissoidae. Rissoina fortis Ad., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Rissoina inca Orb., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. *' Family Littorinidae. Tectarius galapagiensis Stearns, Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Cul- pepper. Litori7ia ( Tectarius^ galapagiensis Stearns, Nautilus, vi, p. 87, Dec, 1892 ; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvi, p. 396, pi. 51, f. 7, 1893. Litorifia {Tectarius) atyphus Stearns, Nautilus, vi, p. 88; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVI, p. 350, pi. 50, f. 5, 1893, These two species were based upon specimens showing differences of sculpture, which are shown by the series from Albemarle to be completely connected by shells intermediate in sculpture. These are so numerous that atyphus cannot be retained in even a varietal sense. Family Planaxidae. Planaxis planicostatus Sowb., Culpepper. Family Modulidae. Modulus cerodes A. Ad., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Cerithiidae. Cerithium maculosum Kien., Iguana and Tagus Coves, Albemarle; Narboro. Cerithium uncinatum Gmel., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Cerithidea mutata Pils. and Van., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Cyprseidae. Cypraea exanthema cervinetta Kien., Tagus Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. The specimens measure 6(> and 92 mm. long. Cypraea nigropunctata Gray, Point Christopher, Albemarle; Nar- boro. Trivia maugeriae Gray, Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Sept., 1902. 55 PILSBRY AND VANATTA Trivia galapagensis Melv., Galapagos, locality unspecified. Trivia pacifica Gray, Galapagos, locality unspecified. Family Cassididae. Cassis tenuis Gray, Iguana Cove, Albemarle ; Narboro. Lambidium tuberculosum Sowb., between Tagus Cove and Narboro. Family Aquillidae. Aquillus lineatus Brod., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Aquillus vestitus Hinds., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. I Family Coralliophilidae. Coralliophila californica A. Ad., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Coralliophila callaoensis Gray, Tagus and Iguana Coves, Albemarle. Family Muricidae. Monoceros grande Gray, east side of Narboro ; Tagus and Iguana Coves and Point Christopher, Albemarle. Purpura columellaris Lam., Iguana Cove and Point Christopher, Albemarle ; Culpepper. Purpura melones Duel., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Wenman; Cul- pepper; Narboro. Purpura patula L., Tagus and Iguana Coves and Point Christo- pher, Albemarle ; Culpepper ; Wenman. Purpura planospira L., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Culpepper; Wenman. Murex dipsacus Brod., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Murex princeps Brod., Iguana Cove and Point Christopher, Albe- marle ; Narboro. Family Columbellidae.' Columbella atramentaria Sowb., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Columbella castanea Sowb., Iguana and Tagus Coves, Albemarle; Narboro. Columbella cribraria Lam., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Columbella fuscata Sowb., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Columbella haemastoma Sowb., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Columbella lanceolata Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Nassidae. Nassa angulifera A. Ad., Tagus Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XXXV. "^^l- E. G. Vatiiitta, del. MARINE MOLLUSCA OF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. MARINE MOLLUSCA 555 Family Buccinidae. Canthanis janellii Kien., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Tritonidea sanguinolenta Duel., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Cul- pepper ; Wenman. Engina carbonaria Reeve, Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Family Fasciolariidae. Fasciolaria princeps Sowb., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Latirus ceratus Gray, Iguana Cove, Albemarle ; Narboro ; Cul- pepper ; Wenman. Latirus varicosus Reeve, Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Family Mitridae. Mitxa lens Wood, Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Family Olividae. Olivella gracilis Brod., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Marginellidae. Marginella varia Sow^b., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Pleurotomidae. Drillia albemarlensis Pils. and Van., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Dirllia roseobasis Pils. and Van., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Conidae. Conus brunneus Gray, Point Christopher, Albemarle; Narboro. Conus fergusoni Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Conus nanus Brod., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Conus commodus A. Ad. (?), Wenman. Much w^orn. Taken from a shark's stomach. Conus purpurascens Brod., Tagus and Iguana Coves and Point Christopher, Albemarle ; Narboro. Family Terebridae. Terebra larvaeformis Hinds, Tagus Cove, Albemarle. OPISTHOBRANCHIATA. Family Bullidae. Bullus rufolabris A. Ad., Tagus Cove and Point Christopher, Albemarle; Narboro. 556 PILSBRY AND VANATTA The generic name Bulla L. was preoccupied by Linnagus himself, in Orthoptera, Syst. Nat., x, p. 427. We are, therefore, compelled to revive the term Bullus Montfort, M^hich though clearly of the same etymology fundamentally as Bulla^ yet so far as the record goes may be held to be a re-latinization of the French word Bulle. Family Dorididae. Doris peruviana Orb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Cavoliniidae. Cavolinia uncinata Rang., surface, near Wenman. PULMONATA. Family Onchidiidae. Onchidium lesliei Stearns, eastern shore of Narboro. CEPHALOPODA. Family Onychoteuthidae. Enoploteuthis lesueuri Fer. and Orb., Wenman. Taken from stomach of Charcharinus. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES. LUTRICOLA COGNATA sp. nov. (PI. XXXV, fig. 5.) Shell rounded-quadrate, moderately compressed, bent to the right posteriorly, rather thin, gray- white. Sculptured with irregular growth wrinkles and low radial striae, covered with an extremely minute sec- ondary radial striation. Beaks median, worn at the tip. Anterior margin rounded ; posterior margin subtruncate, the basal margin straightened, sinuous ; pallial sinus ample. Length of right valve, 51.5 mm., alt. 41, diameter 11. Length of left valve, 41 mm., alt. 34, diameter 8. From Tagus Cove, Albemarle.' Closely related to L. alta Conr., but higher, shorter, of a more quadrate shape. The anterior end of the pallial sinus is more rounded, and its upper margin is not sinuous. L. excavata Sowb. is a more wedge-shaped shell. LIMA GALAFAGENSIS sp. nov. (PI. XXXV, fig. 4.) Shell oblique, compressed, dirty white, sculptured with numerous radial riblets, which are rounded, and as wide as their intervals, crossed by crowded and slightly lamellar growth-striae ; the auricles MARINE MOLLUSCA 557 having growth-striae only. Both anterior and posterior ends gape widely, and while both are thickened within, neither has a marginal rib. An- terior margin vertical to the hinge-line, straight, curving below into the expanded and broadly, obliquely rounded basal margin; poste- rior margin oblique, a little concave above. Alt. 30 mm., greatest antero-posterior dimension (measured obliquely across the widest part of the valve), 20 mm.; length of hinge-line, 12 mm.; diameter of closed valves, 11.5 mm. From Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Lima pacifica Orb. (Z.. arcuata Sowb., preoc.) is broader below, with shorter hinge-line, and the posterior gape is smaller than the an- terior, while in L. galapagensis the gape at the two ends is subequal. CHLOROSTOMA SNODGRASSI sp. nov. ' (PI. XXXV, figs. 6, 7.) Shell umbilicate, conic with somewhat flattened base, very strong and solid, thick ; of a pale brown or green tint variegated with large, irregular black stripes or flames above, interrupted beneath, the base being irregularly tessellated or speckled. Spire conically elevated. Whorls 6^ or 7, quite convex, the last rounded at the periphery. Sur- face lusterless. Sculpture of somewhat unequal spiral cords of which there are 19 or 20 on the last whorl, most of them, especially several in the peripheral region, being weakly granose ; closely crowded ob- lique lamellas in the direction of growth-lines crossing them, subobso- lete on the summits of the ribs, but conspicuous in the interstices. The aperture very oblique, rounded-trapezoidal, the nacre iridescent within, the lip having a dull white border within the dark edge. Colu- mella short, vertical, thin, and excised, two small contiguous teeth at its junction with the basal lip, another near them upon the latter ; the upper insertion of the columella is produced in a tongue-shaped, in.' tensely green callus partially surrounding the umbilicus. Umbilicus narrow and deep, contracted at the opening. The dimensions of three specimens are: length, 15.5, 13, 17 mm.; diameter 16, 15, 15 mm. From western coast of Albemarle at Iguana Cove, Point Christopher and Tagus Cove. Tfcis species is more conic than Chlorostoma reticulatum^ C. ligu- latum, or C turbinatuni. The columellar callus is green, like that of C turbinatum. It is, we think, the Trochus itupressus of Fischer, Chlorostoma impressum of Pilsbry's monograph ; but it is not Trochus impressus "Jonas" Fhilippi, which is a synonym of T. corvus "Jonas" Phil., 1849. This latter species has radially waved whorls above and other- wise differs from C. snodgrassi. 558 PILSBRY AND VANATTA CERITHIDEA MUTATA^sp. nov. (PI. XXXV, fig. I.) Shell turreted, thin,, black with a subperipheral reddish girdle ; weathering to pale pinkish brown, variously clouded with dirty white. Whorls 8 in the largest specimens, which have apparently lost two or three ; very convex ; impressed, flattened, or a little concave below the suture ; more or less carinate below the flattened subsutural band. The last whorl is produced very little below. Sculpture of narrow, close, curved ribs, a little more prominent below the subsutural im- pression, absent on the base, often strengthened into a series of beads or small knobs, strung along below the suture ; everywhere decussated by low spiral cords separated by narrow grooves, and more or less strongly developed on various individuals. Aperture irregularly oval, the outer margin much more arcuate than the inner ; outer lip thin ; base excised in a shallow, wide notch. Columella short, obliquely trun- cate below. Length 14 mm., diameter 5.6 mm. From Tagus Cove, Albemarle, in a salt tide-pool in a mangrove swamp. This species reminds one of C. tenuis Pfr. of the lagoons of the Bahamas, having the same thin texture. It is probably related to C. sacrata Gld., having fundamentally similar sculpture. It is evi- dently a brackish water species. DRILLIA ROSEOBASIS sp. nov. (PI. XXXV, fig. 2.) Shell fusiform, turreted, rather solid, coarsely ribbed, the ribs white, interstices pinkish-brown, the base pink or rose colored. Surface glossy. Sculpture of sti^ong, rounded, longitudinal ribs, separated by narrower intervals, ten ribs on the last whorl ; the narrow anterior portion spirally striate, the ribs obsolete there ; three apical whorls smooth and polished, convex. Subsequent whorls 7, convex, separated by an undulating suture, the last tapering below. Aperture white with a pink stripe or two within ; outer lip thin, arcuate, retracted in a shallow sinus above. Columella convex, pink. Length 13.5 mm., diameter 5.2 mm., length of aperture 5.5 mm. From Tagus Cove, xA.lbemarle. A heavily ribbed, bright colored species, with shallow sinus. DRILLIA ALBEMARLENSIS sp. nov. [(PI. xxxv.^fig. 3.) Shell slender, turreted, brown, glossy. Sculpture of obliquely longi- tudinal ribs curved backward along the anal fasciole. On the last whorl these are rather small and irregularly developed, disappear just MARINE MOLLUSCA 559 below the periphery, and are more prominent below the anal fasciole. The preceding whorls] are concave above, convex below, the ribs strong and prominent on the convex portion, low and irregular on the concave. Ascending the spire the concave portion widens at the ex- pense of the convex, so that several earlier post-nepionic whorls are concave and ribbed, with a rather acute and nodulose keel near the lower suture. Below the anal fasciole the surface is strongly lyrate spirally, the cords wider than the grooves and about 15 in number on the last whorl. Similar spirals are faintly indicated on the anal fas- ciole. Whorls 10, the earlier two rounded, smooth, forming a slightly bulbous nucleus. Aperture small ; outer lip thin, retracted in a narrow sinus above. Inner lip heavily calloused at its posterior termination. Length 11.3 mm., diameter 3.9 mm. (Cotype in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.) Length 12.8 mm. (cotype in the collection of Stanford University, Cal.). From Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Related to D. pallida Sowb. (Proc. Zool. Soc, 1833, p. 137), but much smaller, the base less contracted, darker colored and differing in various details of sculpture. Three specimens were taken, of which two are in the Stanford University collection and one in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, No. 81947. MOLLUSKS COLLECTED AT COCOS ISLAND. The following is a list of the marine shells collected at Cocos Island. In the main these are Galapagos species. There are, however, a few etidemic and Panama forms. The occurrence in some numbers of Chlorostoma maculostriatum^ an Antillean species, is noteworthy. "~* Family. Species. PernidjE : Perna chemnitziana Orb. (?). ChitonidcB : Chiton siokesi Brod. Acm£eid« : Acmcea strigatella Cpr. Scarria mesoleuca Mke. Fissurellidje : Fissurella virescens Sowb. Neritidse : JVerita fiilg'tiratis bernkardi 'R.qcX. Trochidse : Chlorostoma gallinum mult tJilosu7n Stearns. Chlorostoma maculostriatum C. B. Ad. Amaltheidae : Amalthca graya?ia Mke. Planaxidse : Planaxis planicostatus Sowb. Cerithiidse : Ccrithium maculosum Kien. Muricidse : Purpura columella ris Lam. Purpura patula L. Purpura melofies Duel. Columbellida; : Columbclla labrosa Sowb. Columbclla cribraria Lam. Buccinidae : Trttonidca cinis Reeve. Tritonidea sanguinolcnta Duel. Siphonariidae : Siphonaria gigas Sowb. PLATE XXXV. Fig. I. Cerithidea muiata sp. nov. 2. Drillia roseobasis sp. nov. 3. Drillia albemarlensts sp. nov. 4. Lima galapagensis 1:'^. Vi.ov. 5. Lutricola cognata sp. nov. 6. Chlorosioma snodgrassi s^. nov. 7. Chlorostoma snodgrassi sp. nov. (560) 55 PILSBRY AND VANATTA Trivia galapagensis Mel v., Galapagos, locality unspecified. Trivia pacifica Gray, Galapagos, locality unspecified. Family Cassididae. Cassis tenuis Gray, Iguana Cove, Albemarle ; Narboro. Lambidium tuberculosum Sowb., between Tagus Cove and Narboro. Family Aquillidae. Aquillus lineatus Brod., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Aquillus vestitus Hinds., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Coralliophilidae. Coralliophila calif ornica A. Ad., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Coralliophila callaoensis Gray, Tagus and Iguana Coves, Albemarle. Family Muricidae. Monoceros grande Gray, east side of Narboro ; Tagus and Iguana Coves and Point Christopher, Albemarle. Purpura columellaris Lam., Iguana Cove and Point Christopher, Albemarle ; Culpepper. Purpura melones Duel., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Wenman; Cul- pepper; Narboro. Purpura patula L., Tagus and Iguana Coves and Point Christo- pher, Albemarle ; Culpepper ; Wenman. Purpura planospira L., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Culpepper; Wenman. Murex dipsacus Brod., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Murex princeps Brod., Iguana Cove and Point Christopher, Albe- marle ; Narboro. Family Columbellidae.' Columbella atramentaria Sow^b., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Columbella castanea Sowb., Iguana and Tagus Coves, Albemarle; Narboro. Columbella cribraria Lam., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Columbella fuscata Sowb., Iguana Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Columbella haemastoma Sowb., Iguana Cove, Albemarle. Columbella lanceolata Sowb., Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Family Nassidae. Nassa angulifera A. Ad., Tagus Cove, Albemarle; Narboro. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. Vol. IV. Plate XXXV. E. G. Vaiiatin, del. MARINE MOLLUSCA OF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. INDEX Note. — New species and varieties in blackface type, synonyms in italics. Acanthochites hirudiniformis 552 Acanthochitidae 552 Acarina 70 Aclastus 187 rufipes 187 Aclista 139 califomica 139 Acmsea mitella 552 Acniaeidae 552 AcridiJim literosttm 425 melanocerum 419 Acrolyta 186 aciculata 186 karlukensis 186 Actaea dovii 281 Actinia 391 sipunculoides 378 Actiniaria 375 Actiniidae 387 Actiniinee 383 Admestina insularls 66 ^noplex 188 rufipes 188 Affiliated societies 8 Agalenidse 58 Alaska, Harriman Expedition — Anemones 373 Apterygota 87 Hymenoptera 117 Mosses 293 Algina 188 alaskensis 188 Allantus 263 Jlavomarginis 262 heraclei 263 Allceini 242 Allotriinae 142 Alloxysta 142 alaskensis 142 Alpheidae 288 Alpheus malleator 288 neptujitis 289 pugilator 288 Alsia abietina 331 Alysia 241 fossiilata 241 manducator 241 stercoraria 241 Alysiidas 244 Alysiinje 241 Alysiini 241 Amalthea grayana 552 Amauronematus 259 isolatus 259 Amblyomnia pilosum 70, 80 Amblyp7iexistes forviosus 527 Amblystegiura serpens 337, 346 serpens beringianum 338 varium alaskanum 338, 346 Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Oct., Ameloctonus 237 popofensis 237 Ammotreclia solitaria 69, 80 Amphiura verticillata 525 Amphoridium lapponicum 309 mougeotii 309, 346 Anarcha 241 coxalis 241 Ancistrona gigas 483 Andresea papillosa 294 parvifolia 294 petrophila 294 petrophila sylvicola 294 Andreaeacese 294 Andreaeales 294 Andrena 131 frigida 131 Andrenidae, 131 Anemones, by H. B. Torrey 373 bibliography 406 distribution 374 Anoectangium compactum 294 compactum alaskanum 294 Anomalini 233 Anonialon niellipes 202 Anomiidae 550 Anous stolidus ridgwayi 507 stolidus rousseaui 507 Antitrichia californica 331 curtipendula 331 curtipendula gigantea 331 Anura gigantea 88 Anurlda amorlta 90 Aongstrcemia longipes 297, 346 Apan teles 249 yakutatensis 249 Apatltus insularis 130 Apliidiinae 243 Aphidius 244 frigidus 244, 245, 246 glacialis 245 paulensis 244, 245, 246 propinquus 245 Aphorura dentata 91 octopunctata 90 Apoidea 123 Apterygota by J. W. Folsom 87 bibliography 104 Aquillidae 554 Aquillus lineatus 554 vestitus 554 Arachnida by Banks and Snodgrass 49 geographic distribution 51 Arachiiophila 134 septenlrionalis 134 Arachnospila seplentrionalis 134 Aranea argeniata 60 regia 63 (561) iq02. 562 INDEX Araneida 55 Arbacia stellata 527 Area multicosta 550 reticulata 550 solida 550 velata 550 Arcidae 550 Argas transversa 70, 80 Arg^ope argentata 60, 74 Argiopes argentata 60 Argyrodes jucundus 59, 73 Argyrcepeira^ragilis 61 nignventris 61, 77 votupis 61 Ariadne tarsalis 57 Arthrogastra 67 Ashmead, W. H., Hymenoptera 117 Asteroidea 522 Asynocrita 163 species 163 Atemnus insularls 68, 80 Atmetus 231 insularis 231 Atractodes 169 yakutatensis 169 Atrichum leiophyllum 326 lescurii 325 parallelum 326 Atrometus 233 alaskensis 233 Attidse 66 A ttus ligo 66 Auditing Com. report 17 Aulacomnium androgynum 325, 346 palustre 325 turgidum 325 Automalus 148 nigropilosus 148 Aysha paciflca 58, 71 Bachia 185 nigra 185 Bactroceros 254 palachei 254 sitkensis 254 Banks, Nathan, Arachnida 49 Barbula aciphylla 306, 346 torachypoda 303 cylindrica 305 fragilis 305 rigens 305 ruralis 306 saundersii 304 subcuneifolia 306 treleasei 305 Bartraniia breviseta 314 circinnulata 314 ithyphylla 313 ithyphylla rigidula 313 ithyphylla strigosa 313 tnenziesii 314 cederi 314 pomiformis 313 subulata 314 Bartramiaceae 313 Bartramiopsis lescurii 325 silkana 325 Bassini 224 Bassus 224 manducator 241 pulchripes 224 tibialis 226 Bathymetis 173 bicolor 182 confusa 180 imitator 177 nigricornis 177 quadriceps 181 rutorocincta 178 simillima 179 simulans 178 simulator 181 ungse 180 Belytidae, 137 Bioblapsis 224 tricincta 224 Birds of Clipperton and Cocos islands by Snodgrass and Heller 505 Blennocampinae 255 Blepharipus 132 ater 132 Blephoctonus flavosus 232 Blindia acuta 300 acuta flexipes 300 Bombidae 123 Bombus 123 alaskensis 128 calif ornicus 124 carriei 126 columbtcus 124 couperi 126 dlmidlatus 129 Jlavifrons 124, 127 frigidus 126 gelidus 127 howardii proximus 124 interruptus 130 juxtus 127 kincaidii 127 lacustris 128 mckayi 125 melanopyge 128 melanopygus 127, 128 menestriesii 128 mlxtuosus 128 moderatus 123 modes tus 123 nearticus 127 neglectulus 124 nevadensis 124 oregonensis 126 parvulus 127 pen7isylvanicus 124 pleuralis 127 polaris 127 proximus 124 prune lies 126 sitkensis 126 suckleyi 130 sylvicola 127 ternarius lacustris 128 terricola modestus 123 ierricola proximus 124 vosnesenski 124 Brachythecium albicans 334 asperrimum 335, 346 beringianum 333 lamprochryseum giganteum 335 novae-anglise 334, 346 plumosum 335, 346 reflexum 333 reflexum pacificum 335 rivulare 334 salebrosum 334 INDEX 563 Brachyura and Macrura by M. J. Rathbun 275 Bracon manducator 241 Braconidae 243 Braconinse 252 Braconini 252 Bryaceae 315 Bryales 294 Bryum 317 acutiusculum 321 agattuense 318 alaskanutn 323 argenteum 319 ateleostomum 317 bimum 319, 346 brachyneuron 323 bullatum 323 casspiticium 321 capillare 323 cylindrico-arcuatum 319 drepanocarpum 322 duvalii 322 duvalii obtusatum 322 erythrophyllum 323 fallax 323 froudei 323 harrlmani 322 heterogynum 320 inclinatum 318 lacustre 323 laurentianum 320 leptodictyon 320 meeseoides 323 microstegioides 323 mucronigerum 318 obtusifolium 323 pallens 321, 346 pallescens 319 pendulum 323 pseudOBtlrtoni 321 pseudotriquetrum 322 stenotrichum 318 submuticum 323 suborbiculare 323 treleasei 318 wrightii 323 Buccinidse 555 Bullidae 555 Bullus rufolabris 555 Bunodactidce 390 BunodidcE 390 By-laws 5 Ccsnonydus ntgropeclus 254 Calliergidum 343 Calliergon 343 Callimome cecidoniyicr 143 Calliostoma leanum 552 CalliphruruP 218 a£B.nis 221 alaskensis 220 clypeatus 220 confusus 223 frigidus 222 glacialis 222 kukakensls 222 minor 221 perplexus 222 popofensis 221 Callista affinis 551 Calyptraea sordida 553 Calyptraeidae 552 Camaratops 232 kodiakensis 232 Campoplex 234 laticinctus 234 nigripes 234 Campopligini 234 Camptothecium lutescens 333 nitens 333 Campylopus schimperi 300 Cantharus janellii 555 Cardiidse 551 Carditidse 551 Cardium apicinum 551 Cardot, J., Mosses of Alaska 293 Cassididae 554 Cassis tenuis 554 Catastenus 240 alaskensis 240 trifasciatus 240 Cavolinia uncinata 556 Cavoliniidae 556 Cechenus manducator 241 Centeterus 161 dorsator 161 Centrurus princeps 68, 80 Cephaleia 254 nigropecta 254 nigropectus 254 Cephalopoda 556 Ceraphronidse 140 Ceraiodon heterophyllus 301 purpureus 301 Cerithidea mutata 553, 558 Cerithiidae 553 Cerithium maculosum 553 uncinatum 553 Chalcidoidea 143 Chama frondosa purpurascens 551 Chatnidae 551 Cliarinus insularis 67, 79 Charisea 388 saxicola 388 Chelanops nigrimanus 69, 80 Chelidon erythrogaster 518 Cheloninae 247 Chelonus 247 iridescens 247 Chiton goodalli 552 sulcatus 552 Chitonidas 542 Chlorostoma cooksoni 552 snodgrassi 552, 557 Chrysididae 135 Chrysohypnum 338 Cidaris thouarsii 526 Cimbex 263 americana 263 Cimbicidae 263 Cimbicinae 263 Cladodium 317 Claopodium bolanderi 333 crispifolium 333 laxifoliutn 333 Clark, H. L,., Echinodermata 521 Climaciuni dendroides 331 ruthenicum 332 Clipperton island, Birds of, by Snodgrass and Heller 501 Holothurians of, by H. L. Clark 530 Clubionidae 58 564 INDEX Clypeaster rotundus 526 Clytochrysus 132 gracillissimus 132 Coccyzus ferrugineus 517 Cocornis agassizi 518 Cocos Island, Birds of, by Snodgrass and Heller 501 Codakia (Jagonia) galapagana 551 Columbella atramentaria 554 castanea 554 cribraria 554 fuscata 554 hgemastoma 554 lanceolata 554 Columbellidae 554 Colpocephalum 483 jnilleri 483 spineum 484 unciferum 459, 484 Conidse 555 Conostomum boreale 314 Conus brunneus 555 commodus 555 fergusoni 555 nanus 555 purpurascens 555 Coralliophila californica 554 callaoensis 554 CoralHophilidae 554 Coryssocnemis conica 56, 71 insularls 56 Coccinodon pulvinatus 309 Cosmoconus 215 canadensis 215 Crabro ater 132 contiguus 132 gracilissimus 132 parvulus 131 succinctus 132 vicinus 132 Crabronidse 131 Crabroninse 131 Cratichneumon 156 alaskensis 157 confusus 158 kodiakensis 157 popofensis 159 yakutatensis 157 Cratoneuron 340 Cremnodes alaskensis 190 Crepidula aculeata 552 adunca 552 onyx 552 unguiformis 553 Cribrina 390 artemisia 390 Cribrinidae 390 Crucibulum imbricatum 553 imbricatum trigonale 553 Cryptinae 162 Cryptini 193 Cryptoideus 193 sitkensis 193 Crypttis 203 Ctenidse 64 Cteniscini 210 Cteniscus 210 clypeatus 211 nigrofemoralls 211 Ctenopelmini 212 Cubocephalus 202 alaskensis 203 atrocoxalis 203 nigricomis 203 Cyclosa caudata 61, 77 Cylloceria fuscolina 195 Cynipoidea 141 Cynodontium polycarpum alaskanum 296 torquescens 295 treleasei 295 virens 296 virens serratum 296 wahlenbergii 296 Cypraea exanthema cervinetta 553 nigropunctata 553 Cypraeidae 553 Cyrba insularis 66 Dacnusinae 242 Dallatorrea 205 armata 205 Deleter 229 flavifrons 229 klncaidl 229 Delocarpa 242 sitkensis 242 Dendroica aureola 520 Desmatodon latifolius 303 Desmiostoma 251 kukakense 251 Desoria annulata 94 cylindrica 94 ebriosa 94 fusca 94 pallida 94 viatica 94 virescens 94 Diaborus 212 citrifrons 212 sexmaculatus 212 Diadema mexicanum 526 Diapriidae 140 Dichodontium pellucidutn 296 pellucidum fagimontanum 296 pellucldum kodlakanum 297 pellucidum serratum 297 Dicranaceae 395 Dicranodontium aristatum 300, 346 longirostre 300, 346 Dicranum albicans 298, 346 anderssonii 297, 346 bergeri 300 bonjeani 300 dipteroneuron 299 elongatum 298 fuscescens 299 grcenlandicum 298, 346 howelUi 300, 346 hyperboreum 298 majus 300 moUe 300 neglectum 299, 346 scoparium 299 spadiceum 299 starkei 298, 346 strictum 298 subflagellare 298 Dictyna parietalis 59. 72 Dictynidse 59 INDEX 56s Dicranella crispa 297 grevilleana 297, 346 heteromalla 297 heteromalla latinervis 297 heteromalla orthophylla 297 polaris 297 rufescens 297 squarrosa 297 subulata 297 Dicranoweisia crispula 294 Didymodon baden-powelli 302 rubellus 302 Diospilini 247 Discias 290 serrifer 290 Dissodon splachnoides 312 Distichium capillaceum 301 Ditrichaceae 301 Ditrichum flexicaule densum 301 glaucescens 301 homallum 301, 346 Docophorus 460 albemarlensls 465 breviformis 463 communis 464 galapagensis 464 icterodes 462 insulicola 466 lari 463 melanocephalus 462 peristictus 462 platycephalus 461 validus minor 460 Dolerinse 259 Dolerus 259 aprilis 259 elderi 260 sericeus 260 similis 260 Dolichocrabro 133 wickliami 133 Dorididae 556 Doris peruviana 556 Dosinia dunkeri 551 ponderosa 551 Dosytheus aprilis 259 similis 260 Drasidae 57 Drepanocladus 339 Drillia albemarlensls 555, 558 roseobasis 555, 558 Duck 517 Dyscoletes 247 alaskensis 247 Dysderidae 57 Dysporus cyanops 512 Echinodermata by H. I<. Clark 521 Echinoidea 526 Eclytus 204 yakutatensis 204 Ectemnius 131 parvulus 131 Echthrodoca 199 clypearia 199 gelida 199 Echthrus niffricornis 203 Edwardsia 376 sipunculoides 378 Edwardsiae 375 Edwardsiella sipunculoides 378 Edwardsiidae 376 Eigenmann, C. H., Eyes of Rhineura floridana 533 Elachistinae 147 Elachistus 147 glacialis 147 Elampus purpurascens 135 sinuosum 135 sinuosus 135 Emphytus 260 angustus 260 maculatus 256 nigrofasciatus 260 Encalypta alaskana 311 commutata 311 macounii 311 rhabdocarpa 311 vulgaris 311 Encalyptaceae 311 Encope micropora 527 Engina carbonaria 575 Enicospilus 233 purgatus 233 Enizemum 226 tibiale 226 Enoploteuthis lesueuri 556 Entomobrya klncaidi 96 Entomological results of Hopkins Stan- ford Expedition Arachnida 49 Schistocerca, etc., 411 Entosthodon spathulifolius 312 Epiactis 391 prolifera 392 ritteri 393 Epeira cooksonii 60 gregalis 61, 76 labyrinthea 60, 75 oaxensis 60, 74 Parvula 61 prompta 61 , 76 vertebrata 60 Epeiridae 60 Epiurus 200 atrocoxalis 201 bicolorlpes 201 Eriphia granulosa 282 Eriphides hispida 282 Eriplatys 162 sitkensis 162 Erromenus 212 annullpes 212 Erythraspides 255 ash me ad ii 255 Euccela 1423 alaskensis 142 Eucoelinae 141 Eulimidae 552 Eulophidae 146 Eulophinae 147 Eulophus 147 kukakensls 147 Eumenidae 134 Eurhynchium cirrosum 336 myosuroides 335 myosuroides humile 336 myosuroides spiculiferum 336 myosuroides stoloniferum 3.^6 oreganum 336, 346 pacificum 335 stokesii 336, 346 566 INDEX Eurhynchium (Continued). stokesii pseudo-speciosum 336 strigosum fallax 336 strigosum typicum 336 vaucheri 336 Eurymetopus brevis 482 Eutelus 145 confusus 145 Euura 258 insularis 258 Exochini 232 Exochus ctirvator 232 fulvipes 22)1 IcEvis 233 Exolytus 163 alaskensis 167 clypeatus 168 insularis 168 kincaidi 167 niger 166 perplexus 165 popofensis 166 rubrocinctus 169 sanctipauli 166 seldovise 168 ungse 167 ungensis 169 Exothecus 252 alaskensis 252 Expedition, Harriman, see Alaska Hopkins Stanford, see Galapagos Eyes of Phineura floridana, by C. H. Eigenmann, 533 bibliography, 541 Fasciolaria princeps 555 Fasciolariidae 555 Fenusa 255 alaskana 255 Fijfitidae 141 Filistata fasciata 55 Filistatidae 55 Fissurella asperella 552 longifissa 552 macrotrema 552 obscura 552 Fissurellidae 552 Fissurideainaequalis 552 Folsom, J. W. Apterygota 87 Fontinalacese 330 Fontinalis patula 330, 346 Formica 136 neorufibarbis 136 Fonnicidae 136 Formicoidea 135 Fregata aquila 516 aquila minor 516 Funaria hygrometrica 313 hygrometrica calvescens 313 Funariacese 312 Galapagos, Hopkins Stanford Expedition Arachnida 49 Birds of Clipperton and Cocos 501 Brachyura and Macrura 275 Echinodermata 521 Entomological results 411, 457 Mallophaga from birds 457 Marine mollusca 549 Schistocerca, Sphingonotus and Hal- menus 411 Gasteracantha insulana 60, 73 Gastropoda 552 Gausocentrus 206 Gemophaga 223 rufa 223 Geograpsus lividus 278 Giebelia mirabilis 482 Glypta 201 kukakensis 201 popofensis 201 Gonicotes 481 galapagensis 481 Grapsidae 278 Grapsus grapsus 278 Grimmia apocarpa 306 apocarpa alpicola 306 apocarpa gracilis 306 apocarpa rivularis 306 conferta 306 elatior 307, 346 maritima 306, 346 torquata 307 Grimmiaceae 306 Gygis Candida 511 Gymnostomum curvirostre scabrum 294 Gyrocampa 242 alaskensis 242 Habromma 188 nigrum 188 Hadruroides charasus 68 lunatus 68, 80 macnlatus 68 Halcampidse 384 Halmenus 447, 451 choristopterus 450 cuspidatus 450 robustus 412, 447, 448 Harenactis 384 attenuata 384 Harpiphorus maculatics 256 Harriman Expedition, see Alaska Harrimaniella 198 kukakensis 198 Hedychruni janus 135 sinuosuni 135 Hedylus 185 crassicornis 185 species 185 Helconinae 247 Heliaster cumingi 523 multiradiata 524 Heller E., Birds of Clipperton and Cocos Islands 501 Hemitelini 186 Heteractitis incanus 511 Heteropoda venatoria dj,, 78 Heterotoma chlorata 94 Hexactiniae 375 Himertosoma 194 schmiedeknecbti 194 Hipponce depressa 526 Holcostizus 202 yukonensis 202 Holothuria arenicola 528 frequentiamensis 530 fusco-rubra 527 impatiens 528 marenzelleri 528 Holothurians of Clipperton Island 530 Holothurioidea 527 INDEX 567 Homotropus 226 alaskensis 226 Hookeriaceae 331 Hopkins Stanford Expedition, see Gala- pagos Hygrohypnum 342 Hylocomiuni alaskanum 344 loreum 345 rugosum 346 splendens 344 splendens gracilius 344 squarrosum 345 triquetrum 345 triquetrum beringianum 346 umbratum 345, 346 Hymenoptera by W. H. Ashmead 117 tabular exhibit 120 Hypnacese 333 Hypnum 338 aduncum kneiffii 339 alaskae 341 alaskanum 344 callichroum 341, 346 canadense 342 circinale 341 cordifolium 343 crista-castrensis 341 dieckii 342, 346 filicinum 340 fluitans 339 fluitans alpinum 339 fluitans exannulatum 339 hamulosum 342 krausei 343 ochraceum 342 ochraceum flaccidum 342 plesiostramineum 343 polygamum minus 339 pseudo-complexum 344 revolvens 339 sarmentosum beringianum 343 schreberi 343 stellatum 339 stramineum 343 snbeugyriuni 342 subeugyrium bccidentale 342, 346 sulcatiijn 341 sulcatum stenodictyon 341 treleasei 338 uncinatum 339 uncinatum breviseta 340 uncinatum plumosa 340 uncinatum plumosum 340 uncinatum plumulosum 340 uncinatum polare 340 uncinatum subjulaceum 340 vaucheri 342 Hypocryptus 206 kodiakensis 207, 208 popofensis 207, 208 seldovise 207, 209 tibialis 207, 209 variegatipes 207, 208 Hypoleptus 227 alaskensis 227 glacialis 228 Hyposyntactus 217 flavifrons 217 Hypothereutes 236 annulipes 236 Ichneumon 149 brevipennis 155 cervulus 153 curvator 232 glacialis 154 imitator 151 kincaidi 152 kodiakensis 153 matiducator 241 popofensis 154 simulator 153 sitkensis 152 wilsoni 155 Ichneumonidse 148 Ichneumonini 148 Ichneumonoidea 148 Ichneutes 250 alaskensis 251 popofensis 250 reunitor 250 Ichneutinse 250 Ilapinastes 190 incertus 190 Incorporation, act of, 3 Ischnoscopus 236 yakutatensis 236 Ischnus wilsoni 155 Isochresta 190 unicincta 190 Isotheciacese 331 Isotoma alba 92 anglicana 94 annulata 94 arborea 94 belfragei 95 ccsnilea 94 desinarestii 94 fimetaria 92 fusca 94 lineata 94 pallida 94 pahistris 95 palustris annulata 95 Paltistris fusca 95 palustris unicolor 95 palustris viridis 95 plumb ea 95 purptirascens 95 tricolor 95 virescens 94 viridis 93 viridis arctica 96 Isurgus 239 alaskensis 239 Itycorsia 254 marginiventris 254 Ixodidse 70 Joppini 148 Kellogg, V. I,.,Mallophaga from birds 457 Kuwana, S. I., Mallophaga from birds 457 Lambidium tuberculosum 554 I,ampronota 195 gelida 199 lugubris 195 Lasius 136 niger sitkensis 136 Lathrodectes apicalis 59, 73 568 INDEX I^atirus ceratus 555 varicosus 555 Leiotealia 391 Leptobryum pyriforme 315 Leptodius snodgrassi 279 Leptothorax 135 yankee kincaidi 135 Leptotrichum tomentosum 301 LescurcBa imperfecta 332 Leskea laxifolia 333 L,eskeacese 331 Leucodontaceae 331 Leucolepis acanthoneura 325 I