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PLT GME a Wayay Whey ie a AACR CATCH FRU URL PLLA AALS Wats et kL) CAN ay hod a i 4,14 A A ey wi yea a we yy we DUCA LATOR NR AGA Oa AM Hah auet ALR wwe (has , Wt SA Pa! ni My) 4 Shee ba dbe ae aN 2 AR van A \ TM Pe UE HN ed \ , ( eh ip ail e erg i ow ut ee an Sey a teak oy _ EDITED PY Sa eee Won: Oe Sok eis PHILIP DOWELL > 1 3 1999 i OL ea ye ' 2 A oe yO IARLES W. LENG, WILLIAM T. DAVIS odes tse PUBLICATION combat Pay iy lens 1 = { - ta onl Ml v: : : CONTENTS. AS ian Dg) OES CR AUR Bes co eae > Be Mlumage) ihc on cies Viselencs3 te boc) ARDEUR House 1 oe eae il pein Celebration Exhibit .................... ARTHUR HOoLLIcK Bes sae ws by a Rai ake Reservoir Leak Excessively ?. bowed.) WHDMAMOL, DAVIS 1g > by esmake --... ees eeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeee es, Witttamt T. ‘Davis | 15 Pees pd ere eae ed ab cle eate No Ware <.- Regular Meeting, January 19, 1918 ............-. Regular Meeting, February 16, 1918 ............ Reenlar Weetme, March 16, 1918 22. 5..2.....-.- AnnualyMcetnes May 18, 2918..0.%..0-. 0..5-. ill PacE iv CONTENTS Pace Meetings of the Sections: Section ot Historical Research occ tee 52 Sectionsor Natural sScienGel a sn) oct eee ere 57 Annual Reports: Report of the Boardion Wqustees 9-10. ieee 61 Report ot ‘the Ureasurer oii. meer ei) are ee eee 63 Report of the; Secretary \ 4a cedar iter sehen 64 Report.of the Director (70.2.0. ste oe eee 65 Report, of the Britton) Cottage Committee =e... eer 76 Report of the Committee of Arrangements for the Cere- monies Attending the Laying of the Cornerstone of the New Public Museum Building 33. > 25.5) seer Te. Mist of Contributors) to Buildinestund sie. 85 | Galcl=> gee een te een een UO aN eR ES So eo 6 5 6 « 87 PLATES FAcING Pace Plate is Davis: New springs imthielovem Valleys 14 Fig. 1. Near the southwest dam. Fig. 2. Near Horseshoe Spring. Plate 2. Davis: Louis Pope Gratacap a. eee 19 Plate''3: ' Cleaves: Ice Phenomenay)3.). 9.50 3s eo eee 2 Plate 4. Hollick: Quercus heterophylla in the Clove Valley 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Vo. VII : Ocr. 1917—May 1918 Bird of Paradise Plumage? ARTHUR HOLLICK In the early part of last spring I was advised, confidentially, to the effect that a large consignment of bird skins and plumage intended for millinery purposes, shipped to the United States contrary to law, had been seized by the customs officials, and that it might be possible to secure some of the material for our museum. After some preliminary inquiries the following correspondence ensued, which tells the whole soe of the Sypeteumnions that are exhibited this evening: Pusitic MuseuM STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES New Bricuton, N. Y., March 31, se THE HoNoRABLE, THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY, WASHINGTON, D. C. | Dear Sir: 1 am informed that prohibited plumage—aigrettes, etc.—seized by the government may, under certain approved conditions, be turned over to responsible institutions for educational purposes. 1 Presented at the meeting of the Association October 20, 1917. I 2 STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES If such is the fact our museum would very much appreciate being con- sidered in such connection. We could make excellent use of aigrette specimens for filling in a bird protection exhibit. We are one of the public museums of the City of New York and our responsibility may be readily ascertained. Some printed matter relating to the Museum is enclosed. Very respectfully yours, ArtHuR HOLtick, Director. TREASURY DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY DIVISION OF CUSTOMS W ASHINGTON April 6, 1917. Dr. ArtHuR Ho.uicxk, Director, . Public Museum of the Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, New Brighton, N. Y. Sir: The Department is in receipt of your letter of the 31st ultimo, requesting that your museum may be considered in connection with the presentation of certain prohibited plumage, which you understand is turned over to responsible institutions for educational purposes. This Department, in January last, advised Dr. Wm. T. Hornaday, Di- rector of the New York Zoological Society, New York, N. Y., that certain plumage forfeited at Laredo, Texas, as prohibited importations under paragraph 347 of the tariff act, would be delivered to his society for use as educational and scientific exhibits. Dr. Hornaday advised the Depart- ment that he would be willing to place specimens of this collection in various museums where they will serve good educational purposes and never be sold, exchanged or given away, and it is suggested therefore, that you apply to the New York Zodlogical Society for specimens for use at your museum. Respectfully, F. M. HatstTeap, Chief, Division of Customs. - In accordance with the above information and suggestion I immediately communicated with Doctor Hornaday and the fol- lowing letters were received in reply: Hoiiick: Brrp oF PARADISE PLUMAGE 3 New York ZoOLoGIcAL PARK UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF THE New York ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, Sc.D., DIRECTOR. New York, April 16, 1917. Dr. ArtHurR Howick, Director, The Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, New Brighton, N. Y. Dear Doctor Hollick: The bird of paradise skins hee we received from the Treasury Department are commercial skins, without legs or feet, and could not by any possibility be mounted. They are fit to exhibit only as commercial skins, as collected by plume hunters for the millinery trade. I have no doubt you will be able to use some of them on that basis; and just as quick as I can get certain work off my hands that now is pressing on me very heavily, I will take up this matter and will send you four of these skins. I regret to say that there were no aigrettes in the lot—nothing but birds of paradise. Yours, very truly, W. T. Hornapay, Director. J a 7, 1917. By the authority of the Assistant a of the Treasury we hereby send to the Museum of the Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, four skins of the Greater Bird of Paradise (Paradisia apoda) from the lot of 527 skins that were seized at Laredo, Texas, on January 20, 1916, and originally condemned for destruction. These skins are sent to your museum “ for educational purposes,” and I trust they will be exhibited with a label which will explain that the birds were victims of the feather millinery trade, and owe their presence in your museum to the fact that their former owner sought to bring them into the United States for sale contrary to law. - If you will kindly sign and return the enclosed receipt? to me I will be greatly obliged. Yours, very truly, W. T. Hornapay, Director. 2 Received from W. T. Hornaday, Director of the New York Zoological Park, 4 skins of the Greater Bird of Paradise, for exhibition in the Museum of the Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, New Brighton, Staten Island. Inasmuch as these skins have been presented to the museum for edu- cational purposes, we hereby guarantee that they will be carefully guarded from theft, and will not be disposed of for any kind of personal use. 4 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES The four skins were received at the Museum on July 11 and the receipt was immediately signed and returned as requested. They have been installed in one of the cases in our biology room, with a suitable descriptive label. This species of bird of paradise is a native of the Malay Archi- pelago and is said to be confined to the Aru Islands, a small group close to New Guinea. The males only possess the remarkable plumage shown in these skins. The females are quite ordinary- looking birds. Catskill Aqueduct Celebration Exhibit! ARTHUR HOoLLick Under date of July 20, 1917, I received a communication from Dr. George F. Kunz, chairman of the subcommittee on art, scien- tific, and historical exhibitions of the Mayor’s Catskill Aqueduct Celebration Committee, requesting the cooperation of our museum in the celebration. Our president took an immediate interest in the matter and, subsequently, Mr. William T. Davis volunteered his assistance, and assurance was received of cooperation on the part of the borough officials in charge of our water supply. With these incentives work was at once begun on a tentative scheme for the exhibit, and by the end of September nearly all of the items planned had been prepared and the instalation was begun, so that in the current issue of our BULLETIN it was pos- sible to print a preliminary list of the exhibits, and tonight the exhibit, complete, is ready for inspection. A catalog, in which each of the items is described in detail, is already in the printer’s hands and a typewritten copy has been made for immediate reference. This catalog is to be printed in the exact form and size requested by the mayor’s committee, in order that it may be uniform with other catalogs of similar exhibits elsewhere. Subsequently all will be incorporated in a single volume as a memorial of the celebration in connection with the final report of the committee. STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND: SCIENCES Hon. Howard R. Bayne, President Charles W. Leng, Secretary Arthur Hollick, Ph.D., Director of the Museum CATALOG OF STATEN ISLAND EXHIBITS CATSKILL AQUEDUCT CELEBRATION EXHIBIT prepared in cooperation with 1 Presented in abstract at the meeting of the Association October 20, 1917. 5 6 STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Tue SUBCOMMITTEE ON ART, SCIENTIFIC AND HistoricAL EXHIBITIONS of & ) Tue Mavyor’s CATSKILL AQUEDUCT CELEBRATION COMMITTEE GENERAL COM MITTEE George McAneny, Chairman EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Arthur Williams, Chairman | Edward Hagaman Hall, Secretary William C. Breed ; William Hamlin Childs / George Frederick Kunz J. W. Lieb Samuel L. Martin George McAneny William McCarroll Henry S. Thompson Charles H. Strong Henry R. Towne Museum EXHIBITS COMMITTEE George Frederick Kunz, Chairman Public Museum Saint George, Staten Island Borough of Richmond, New York City October II, 1917 CATALOG OF EXHIBITS 1. Wooden water main, made by boring out the center of a log. This specimen was part of the piping of the public water supply system in use in lower Manhattan during the period from 1800 to 1835, prior to the introduction of the Croton water. The water was obtained from a well located at Reade and Center streets and was pumped to a reservoir on Chambers street, from whence it was distributed through the wooden mains. A piece of the wood, submitted for examination to Prof. Edward C. Jeffrey of Harvard University, was identified as white pine, Pinus Strobus L. (See Proc. Nat. Sci. Assoc. Staten Is. vol. 9, p. 47, Ap. 15, 1905, and p. 50, May 20, 1905.) 2. Specimens described in a paper by Dr. Arthur Hollick on Some Botan-~ ical and Geological Features of the Silver Lake Basin, read at the meeting of the Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, October 17, 1914. (See Proc. Staten Is. Assoc. Arts AND Sct., vol. 5, p. 60-65, pl. 2-5. Oct. 1914.) (a) Polypodium vulgare L. Common polypody fern. Rare on Staten Island. (b) Lorinseria areolata (L.) Underw. Net-veined chain fern. Re- corded from but a few localities on Staten Island. Hotiick: CaTsKILL AQUEDUCT CELEBRATION EXHIBIT 7 (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h)- (i) Gj) (k) (1) (m) Brasenia purpurea (Michx.) Casp. Water shield or water target. Silver Lake was the only known station for this species on Staten Island. It is now probably exterminated from our local flora. Dentaria laciniata Muhl. Cut-leaved toothwort or pepper grass. Recorded from but few localities on Staten Island. Prunus pennsylvanica L. £. Wild red or pigeon cherry. A single tree, now destroyed, was the only one known on Staten Island. Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon. A few of these trees for- merly grew on the northwestern border of Silver Lake. They are more or less common in the vicinity of Tottenville and Kreischerville, and a few may be found in the vicinity of Bull’s Head and Watchogue. Peat from the northeastern end of Silver Lake basin. Semilignitic wood from-peat bed. Hickory nuts from peat bed. Wood from the silt at the inner margin of the peat bed. Siit from near the center of the lake basin, exposed by draining off the water, covered with a growth of Eleocharis acicularts GED eRe GS! Sandy silt, representing the lowest deposit in the basin. Glacial till from beneath the peat bed and silt deposits, represent- ing the original lake bottom. 3. Pictures illustrating the paper mentioned under Exhibit 2, reproduced from photographs taken by H. H. Cleaves September 20, 1914. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) pace (ies) (h) 4. (a) (b) View, looking northeast across the partly drained lake basin. Beginning of a crevasse in the marginal silt. A slip, following a crevasse in the marginal silt, exposing the original lake bottom. Shrinkage cracks in the surface of the silt toward the middle of the drained lake basin. View, looking across the northeast end of the receding water, showing advancing terrestrial vegetation. Part of the drained lake basin, northeast end, showing zone of Decodon verticillatus (L.) Ell. in the background, Bidens laevis (L.) B.S. P. in the foreground. Decodon zone on former shore margin of the peat bed at north- east end of the lake basin. Ditch cut through the peat bed, about seven feet in depth. Silver Lake as it was in 1859. Photograph by H. Hoyer, enlarged. View is from the eastern side, looking toward the northwest. View from approximately the same point as that from which the above mentioned picture was taken, showing the marginal grad- ing and the partly drained basin of the lake in preparation for its conversion into a reservoir. Photograph by H. H. Cleaves, September 20, 1914. 8 STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES 5. (a) Silver Lake as it was in 1896. Photograph by Otto Loeffler, en- larged. View is from the northeast end, looking toward the south, (b) View from approximately the same point as that from which the above mentioned picture was taken, showing the trees cut down, the water mostly drained off, and the sides of the basin raised and graded in order to convert it into a reservoir. Photograph by H. H. Cleaves September 29, 1914. 6. Silver Lake Reservoir, completed and filled with water. Photographs by J. A. Rundlett October 8, 1917. This reservoir is now the southern terminus of the Catskill water sup- ply system. Capacity = 438,000,000 gallons. Area of water surface = 54 acres. (a) View from the northeast end, looking toward the northwest. (b) View from the northeast end, looking toward the west. The reservoir is constructed in two sections. The northeastern section, shown in the foreground, was made by erecting a dam across Logan’s spring valley. The southwestern section, shown in the background, is the old Silver Lake basin in which the original water level was 200 feet above tide. By the erection of a dam across the natural outlet at the south- western end the level of the water has been raised to 228 feet above tide. 7. Logan’s spring. Photograph by William T. Davis, November 30, 1911, enlarged. ie The site of this formerly well known spring is now at the bottom of the northeastern section of the reservoir. , 8. The Hessian Springs. Photograph by Edward C. Delavan, Jr., 1902. These springs were located in the valley of the Jersey Street brook, be- tween Jersey Street, Westervelt Avenue, Fifth Street, and Crescent Avenue, New Brighton. They were formerly an important source of water supply for the neighborhood. 9. Views illustrating the growth of population in the section of Staten . Island nearest to New York, from the time when local natural springs and shallow wells were adequate sources of individual and neighborhood water supply to the present time, when it is necessary to bring water through an elaborate aqueduct system froma distance of more than one hundred miles. (a) Steel engraving, entitled “ New York from Staten Island,” from “The Picturesque Beauties of the Hudson River and Its Vicin- ity, etc.,’ published by J. Disturnell, 156 Broadway, New York, in or about 1835-36. The view is from the top of Pavilion Hill, with New York in the distance and the shore front of Staten Island in the foreground. Only four houses are shown, ex- clusive of the old Quarantine buildings at Tompkinsville. (b) Two views taken from the same place and showing the same section occupied by hundreds of dwellings, apartment houses, stores, warehouses, public buildings, etc. Photographs by Wil- liam T. Davis, September 209, 1917, enlarged. HoLiicK: CATSKILL AQUEDUCT CELEBRATION EXHIBIT 9 10. Pictures of the pumping stations and reservoirs of the several water supply systems constructed prior to the introduction of the Catskill water. The supply was obtained entirely from driven wells. This exhibit is contributed by the Department of Water Supply, Gas and Electricity, Borough of Richmond, through John W. McKay, Borough Engineer in charge of water supply. (a) Enlarged photographs, framed, of the (1) Tottenville, (2) Bull’s Head, (3) New Springville, and (4))Clove pumping stations. (5) Architect’s colored drawing, framed, of the Grant City sta- tion. (6) Photograph of the West New Brighton station, by J. A. Rundlett, October 1917. (b) Exterior and interior views of the Grant City station, erected in 1911. This is the main pumping station of the Southside Boule- vard water development system, which is being held in reserve in event of an emergency. Pumping capacity = 6,500,000 gal- lons per day of 24 hours. Photographs by J. A. Rundlett, October 1917. (c) Exterior and interior views of one of the four auxiliary stations on Southside Boulevard. Total pumping capacity of the four stations = 9,000,000 gallons per day of 24 hours. Photographs by J. A. Rundlett, October 1917. (d) High service standpipe, Grymes Hill. Elevation of top = 452.8 feet above sea level. Capacity = 234,000 gallons. Size= 100 feet high by 20 feet diameter. Photograph by J. A. Rundlett, October I917. (e) Clove reservoir, Richmond Turnpike and Little Clove Road. Elevation of flow liné=250 feet above sea level. Capacity =about 2,080,000 gallons. Photograph by J. A. Rundlett, October 1917. (f) Fort Hill or New Beehion reservoir, between Bismarck, Downey [Winter], and Lynch-[Scribner] avenues, New Brighton. Ele- vation of flow line =211.9 feet above sea level. Capacity 800,000 gallons. Put in service August 1881, abandoned 1917. Photographed by J. A. Rundlett, October 1917. 11. (a) Members of Staten Island Battery, Veteran Corps of Artillery, at headquarters, Ardsley Sector, Catskill Aqueduct, September 1917. Photograph. The Staten Island battery was Battery A, First Pigenrtstiavnel Regiment, New York State Militia. (b) Hon. Howard R. Bayne, Staten Island Battery, Veteran Corps of Artillery, returning from inspection of culvert under Catskill Aqueduct, while on guard duty at fixed post No. 8, Ardsley Sector, September 14, 1917. Photograph. 1z. A newspaper account of the Catskill water supply project fourteen years ago. New York Sun, October 11, 1903. 10 STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES 13. List of works and articles relating or containing references to sources of water supply for Staten Island. Twenty-nine titles are listed, arranged in chronological sequence, all of which are in the library of the Associa- tion, where they may be consulted on application at the office of the director. APPENDIX List OF PUBLICATIONS MENTIONED IN JTEM No, 13 OF THE CATALOG 1871. OLmstTeED, FREDERICK L., and others. Report of a Preliminary Scheme of Improvements. Staten Island inproveme a Commission. 8vo pamph. 113 p. Jan. 12, 1871. 1884. GratacaP, Louts P., and Concpon, Ernest. Notes on the depth and temperature of Silver Lake. Proc. Nat. Scr. Assoc. STATEN. Is. 1: II. Sep. 13, 1884. 1888. Hotitick, ArtHuR. A Few Words about Our Water Supply. Staten Is. Magazine 1: 10-14. Aug. 1888. Also reprinted. 1891. GRATACAP, Louris P. Notes on an examination of the water of the Staten Island Water Supply Company. Proc. Nat. Scr. Assoc. STATEN Is. 2: 72, 73. Feb. 14, 1801. 1895. Hotitick, ArrHurR. Our Water Supply, Ibid. 4: 60-62. Feb. 9, 1895. 1895. CARRERE, JOHN M., and others. Reports of the Health Committee of the Good Government Club on the Water Supply of New Brighton and Port Richmond. 8vo pamph. 23 p. May 28, 1895. 1896. Davis, WitttaAm T. Springs, Ponds,and Swamps. In Staten Island Names, Ye Olde Names and Nicknames. Special No. 21, Proc. Nat. Scr. Assoc. STATEN Is. 5: 46-52. Mar. 14, 1806. 1898. Hotiick, ArtHuR. Notes on Our Water Supply. Ibid. 6: 62, 63. Oct. 8, 1808. 1899. Hotiick, ArtHuUR. Notes on Deep Wells at Prince’s. Bay and Huguenot. Ibid. 7: 19. June 10, 1899. 1900. FREEMAN, JoHN R. Report upon New York’s Water Supply, etc., made to Bird S. Coler, Comptroller. 8vo, cloth, 587 p. 113 pl. maps and diagrams. Mar. 23, 1900. Reviewed in Proc. NEG, Bee Assoc. STATEN Is. 7: 45, 46. Oct. 13, 1900. 1900. THE MeErcHANTS’ AssocrIATION oF NEw York. The Water Supply of the City of New York. 8vo, seth 627 p. 25 pl. and one map. Aug. 1900. 1902. Hotiick, ArtHUR. Some cone between Recent and Pre- vious Analyses of Our Public Water Supplies. Proc. Nat. Sct. Assoc. STATEN Is. 8: 45, 46. Dec. 13, 1902. 1903. Hottick, ArtHur. Depth and Form of the Silver Lake Basin. Ibid. 68, 69. Oct. 10, 1903. 1903. Davis, Witt1am T. Springs, Ponds, and cee In Supplement to Staten Island Names, Ye Olde Names and Nicknames. Special No. 23. Ibid. 8: 78-80. Oct. 1903. HoLiicK: CATSKILL AQUEDUCT CELEBRATION EXHIBIT II 1904. Hortick, ArtTHUR. Some Recently Discovered Facts in Regard to Silver Lake. Ibid. 9: 11-13. Feb. 13, 1904. 1904. Horiick, ARTHUR, and others. Report of the Water Supply Com- - mittee, Staten Island Chamber of Commerce. 1904. Manuscript copy. 1904. Burr, Witt1AM H., and others. Report of the Commission on Ad- ditional Water Supply for the City of New York, etc. 8vo, cloth, 980 p. plates, figures, diagrams and maps 150-++. 1904. 1905. Jackson, Dante, D. The Normal Distribution of Chlorine in the Natural Waters of New York and New England. U. S. Geol. Surv. Water-supply and Irrigation Paper No. 144. 8vo pamph. 31 p. 5 pl. 1005. Reviewed in Proc. Staten Is. Assoc. ARTS AND SCiaa- 17-160) Dec. 1905; 1906. VEATCH, A. C., and others. Underground Water Resources of _Long Island, New York. U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper No. 44. Ato, paper, 304 p. 34 pl. 71 f. 1906. Reviewed in Proc. Staten Is. Assoc. Arts AND Sct. 1: 68, 69. May 1906. 1909. Trisus, Louts L. Acquisition by New York City of the Larger Two Water Systems of Staten Island. Proc. Amer. Water Works Assoc. 1909: 557-579, 10 f. and map. Also reprinted. Reviewed in Proc. STATEN Is. Assoc. Arts AND SCI. 3: 174, 175. III. 1910. Horziick, ARTHUR. Report on Geological Features and Conditions in the Borough of Richmond (Staten Island) Affecting the Prob- lem of Water Supply, etc. Manuscript copy. Also see Rept. by I. M. de Varona, Chief Engineer, Dept. Water_ Supply, Gas and Electricity, to Henry S. Thompson, Commissioner, Feb. 28, 1910. to1t. Hotrick, ArTHUR. Report on the Present Status of the Water Supply Problem on Staten Island, N. Y., made to Hon. Walter I. McCoy, Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, June 20, 1911. Manuscript copy. 191t. BERKEY, CHARLES P. Geology of the New York City (Catskill) Aqueduct. N. Y. State Museum Bull. No. 146 (Education Dept. Bull. No. 489). 8vo, cloth, 283 p. 38 pl. 40 f. Feb. 15, 1011. 1913. Boarp oF WATER SUPPLY OF THE City oF NEw YorKk. Catskill ‘Water Supply. 8vo pamph. 32 p. 21 f. maps and diagrams. Jan. 1913. 1914. ANONYMOUS. Combined Excursion by the Municipal Engineers of the City of New York and the Brooklyn Engineers’ Club to Nar- rows Siphon, Richmond Conduit, and Silver Lake Reservoir. 8vo pamph. 15 p. 11 f. Oct. 10, 1914. Reviewed in Proc. Staten Is. Assoc. ARTS AND SCI. 5: IOI, 102. IQ15. 1914. Horrick, ArtHuR. Some Botanical and Geological Features of the Silver Lake Basin. Proc. STaATEN Is. Assoc. ARTS AND SCI. 5: 60-65, pl. 1-4. Oct. 1914~May 1915. Also reprinted. 1915. Horrick, ArrHuR. Additional Notes on the Botany of the Silver 12 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Lake Basin. Ibid. 6: 67-68, pl. zr. Oct. 1915-Jan\ 1916. Also reprinted. 1915. New EncLranp WartTER-WorxKs ASSOCIATION. SUB-COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS, 34TH ANNUAL CoNvVENTION. The Water-Works and Other Engineering Features of New York. 8vo pamph. 52 p. 88 pl. f. and maps. Sep. 1915. 1917. WiuuttAmMs, WittiAM. A Brief Sketch of the Municipal Water Supply System of the City of New York, Specially Prepared for the Mayor’s Catskill Aqueduct Celebration Committee by the De- partment of Water Supply, Gas, and Electricity. 8vo pamph. 27 D. @) ti, WOU, Does the Silver Lake Reservoir Leak Excessively ?* Witttam T. Davis ~ (WITH PLATE 1) The Staten Islander of September 15, 1917, published a letter from the writer on the apparent leakage of the Silver Lake reservoir. The points there mentioned are in the main as fol- lows: That shortly after the Catskill water was let into the reser- voir, the region about the Horseshoe Spring in the Clove Valley was observed to be very wet, and little rivulets of water com- menced trickling down the sloping ground about the spring. That the water came from the hillside above, and the actual flow of the spring itself was not noticeably increased. That the once dry paths below the reservoir are now almost impassable to the average pedestrian; and that with time the ground has become more and more saturated with water, and the little stream that drains the valley to the southwest is quite a brawling brook. The foregoing refers to leaks in the dam constructed to retain that part of the reservoir formed from the old Silver Lake basin, but the additional dam, built to retain the northern section of the reservoir, occupying the site of Logan Spring, also leaks considerably, as shown by the increased flow of the brook that passes through the grounds of the Sailors’ Snug Harbor and crosses Castleton Ave. near Bard Ave. At the headwaters of this stream it may be seen that numerous rivulets from the slope adjacent to the reservoir join to make a brook even in the days of dry summer weather. While it was to be expected that the two dams would leak to some extent, it was pointed out that this, in time, might become excessive, as running water is apt to enlarge its outlets. 1 Presented at the meeting of the Association October 20, 1917. 13 14 STATEN IsLaND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Lately the ground has been again carefully gone over and photographs taken of one of the paths that has been turned into a little brook; of a new little brook on the slope from the south- westerly dam, and of two recently formed springs in the Clove Valley, both of which are now made use of by passers by, one in particular being a favorite with picknickers, who desire to drink Catskill water while sitting in the sylvan shade of a Staten Island wood. Proc. STATEN Is. Assoc. Fic. 1. New Spring in the Clove Valley near the Southwest Dam Fic. 2. New Spring in the Clove Valley near Horseshoe Spring A ne Bitten by a Rattlesnake? Wituiam T. Davis - In the southeast corner of North Carolina, at the mouth of the Cape Fear River, is the little town of Southport. The country round about is low and flat and some of it is swampy. It is an ideal spot for a naturalist in the pleasant days of spring, and thither Mr. Harry G. Barber and I have twice journeyed in April-to meet more quickly the advancing season and to see what insects could be found there. All entomologists inquisitively turn over logs and stones, bits of old boards, and anything else that may shelter insects. Thus it happened that when Mr. Barber and I, on April 20, 1916, were near a little farm about a mile from Southport, he commenced to examine a loose pile of old bricks that had apparently lain for a considerable time where we found them. This was about Io a. m., and my companion soon called to me that he had found among the bricks a small snake, which I immediately went to examine. The snake was partly hidden, but from what I could see of it it looked like a little hognosed snake. On account of its small size, I was not as careful as usual and took too great liberties with the little creature, which promptly resented my interference by biting me on the third finger of my left hand, near the base of the nail. It was all done so quickly that Mr. Barber failed to see the snake strike, though he was looking at it at the time. Two tiny drops of blood oozed from the wounds and my finger immediately began to pain me considerably, and in a short time showed some swelling about the wound, and then about the knuckle. Gradually my hand began to swell and the pain in the finger was not quite as great as it had been. The snake after biting me, completely disappeared among the bricks, so it was necessary 1 Presented at the meeting of the Association October 20, 1917. 15 16 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES to remove the greater part of the pile before I could find it, but after a time it was captured and transferred to a cyanid bottle where its biting abilities soon ceased. It was a small ground rattlesnake, Sistrurus miliarius Linn., just nine inches in length. I came to the conclusion that so small a rattler could not damage me greatly, and that I would just keep actively after the insects and see what would happen. In the afternoon we went westward from the town, and not: finding very good collecting came home early. My hand and arm had kept on swelling and our landlady thought I had better consult Dr. G. A. Dosher, who had had considerable experience with snake-bitten people. . About 6 p. m. I called on the doctor, showed him the snake, and told him my simple story, which seemed to interest him very much. He tried my pulse and said I showed no signs of heart disturbance and, as I felt well, he thought I did not need any treatment, which accorded with my own opinion. He painted my finger with iodin, and told me I had better get some aromatic spirits of ammonia, which could be taken if I felt ill from the effects of the poison. He was much interested in my adventure and in my account of the insects I had found, and would not charge me anything for his kind services. . | That night I could not get my undershirt off on account of my swollen arm, and removed my other clothes with some diffi- culty. .My whole arm was heavy and very much swollen, and my hand pained me, so that I did not sleep as soundly as usual. 1 was well otherwise until I got up in the morning, when I felt faint and dizzy, and had to get back into bed as quickly as possible. Mr. Barber gave me some of the ammonia in water, and shortly I was better again. Later we walked out to our collecting ground, and I managed to beat a few insects into my umbrella. When I returned to the house at noon I found that our kind landlady, Miss Stuart, had made me a finger stall, and while she was trying it on I had another moment or two of illness, and had recourse to the ammonia and water again. Thus Davis: BITTEN BY A RATTLESNAKE 17 the doctor and I were mistaken about the time it ought to take before I would feel ill. The poison seemed to act on me very slowly and it was twenty-one hours before I felt any other ill effects than the pain in my hand. Of course, with a larger snake it would have been different, and a big diamond-back striking me on my unprotected hand, as did the ground rattler, would prob- ably have caused my death, unless some prompt measure of relief had immediately been taken. The reason Miss Stuart made me the finger stall was that my finger had turned partly black and I had made several small punctures in the area, from which _watery, decomposed blood was slowly dripping. I managed to pack up my belongings and to carry my two rather heavy bags to the station on the morning of April 22, on our way to Wilmington. Here we went collecting again for the day, and in the late afternoon Mr. Barber started for home and I for Hamlet, N. C. While my hand was slightly improved, I noticed upon taking off my undershirt at night in the hotel at Hamlet, that my side was some enlarged, and that a flabby sac- like swelling had formed below my arm. Blood had also settled darkly on the under side of my arm, giving it a black and blue appearance. . On the morning of April 23 I went on to Southern Pines, N. C. The swelling on my side went down during the night and my hand was also better. The watery blood had almost ceased oozing from my finger. The swollen glands under my arm, sore and painful from shortly after the time I was bitten, were also much better. That night when I removed my shirt, I noticed that I again had a flabby saclike swelling on my left side about eight or nine inches below my arm, but it was not as large as the one of the previous night. On the morning of the 24th the saclike swelling of the previous evening had disappeared, but my arm was still some swollen and my third finger painful and not a pleasant looking object. From Southern Pines I went to Raleigh, N. C., where I met Mr. C. S. Brimley, author of a List of Reptiles and Amphibians of North 18 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Carolina, with whom I have been acquainted for a number of years. He was much interested in my ground rattlesnake, and stated that he had never. before seen a specimen from North Carolina. The records in his list are “ Wilmington (Cope), Bogue and Shackleford’s Banks (Coues 1871).” While the swelling of my arm had disappeared by April 30 my finger was still much swollen and I could not bend it very well, it was painful to pressure about the second joint. From this time on it gradually improved and now at the time of writ- ing, eighteen months after I was bitten, has regained nearly its normal size and condition, although on cold days it is numb, showing that the circulation is not as perfect as it is in the other fingers of the same hand. @ Aivig ‘4 (uoTzeIGoTe9 Aney qsnf suey sqqV 4} Jo weis01d 9Y} UT sUOITeY e W014) AIOFSITF [eANZeNY JO Winssayy UCIIIUIY IY} Ul WOOT Sty UT dVOVLVYS) AdOg sino] “TOA “DOSSY “S] NALVLS “008d Louis P. Gratacap? WitttaAmM T. Davis (WITH PLATE 2) Louis Pope Gratacap died suddenly at his home, 163 Bement Avenue, West New Brighton, Staten Island, on the morning of December 19, 1917, and was buried in the family vault near the . south side of old Trinity church on Broadway, New York City, on December 22, 1917. He was connected with the American Museum of Natural History since 1876, and was curator of mineralogy since 1881. Considering his position, his attain- ments, and genial personality, it is no wonder that several bio- graphical sketches are being prepared, which will no doubt in- clude a bibliography of his writings. Every one intimately acquainted with Mr. Gratacap has a good word to say for him, for the man of high purposes, for the stu- dent and kindly friend. He was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., No- vember 1, 1851, son of John L. and Lucinda (Benton) Gratacap. He was graduated ‘from the College of the City of New York in 1869 and from the Columbia College School of Mines in 1876. The family moved to Staten Island many years ago, and it was from his home on Bement Ave. that he attended college, a tedious journey in the days of slow ferryboats and the horsecar lines. The versatility of the man, as his bibliography, when published, will show, was quite remarkable. He, with one assistant, Mr. Joseph Quinn, not only kept the great collections of minerals and shells of the American Museum of Natural History in perfect ~ order, but somehow managed to give them an artistic setting that was most admirable and pleasing. He also found time to write on many subjects quite varied in character. Among several hun- AS 1 Presented at the meeting of the Association January 19, 1918. 19 20 STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES dred titles will be found three papers on museums, a guide to mineral collections, three editions of the Geology of the City of New York, A Trip around Iceland, Analytics of a Belief in a Future State, Protection a Reasonable Doctrine, The Substance of Literature, and about a half dozen novels. From 1878 to 1881 he was also chemist to the Metropolitan Gas Co., and on one occasion delivered a lecture before the ‘Natural Science Association of Staten Island on the Properties of the various kinds of illuminating gas. As a lecturer he had few equals, and his many ideas were not only presented enter- tainingly, but also through the medium of a remarkable vocabu- lary. It is related that ex-Governor Benjamin B. Odell, a guest at an alumni dinner, after listening to Mr. Gratacap, turned to the presiding officer of the occasion and remarked: “ That man a cold scientist? Why if he went into public life, he would’ class with orators like Joseph Choate and Horace Porter.” But Mr. Gratacap did not care to go into public life; he was a student and thought more of the quiet of his home, where he and his brother Thomas lived alone, except for the servant, after the death of their parents. He also lived for his friends, and many can testify to his kindly acts both in financial aid and otherwise. We know of at least one hall man in the American Museum that through him was able to enter a profession, and there are many others that he helped with advice and sympathy, which is often quite as useful as more material aid. | While we cannot here enter into all of the details of a lengthy biography, we can at least recall more minutely his connection with the Natural Science Association of Staten Island, of which he became a member in 1881. In 1887 and 1888 he was presi- dent of the Association, and we recall his efforts to make the _ meetings, which were then held in the New Brighton Village Hall, attractive and interesting. From 1884 to 1901 he con- tributed twenty-four papers and miscellaneous notes to our Pro- CEEDINGs and, as these show his interest in the natural history of our island, the list is appended. | Davis: Louts P. GRATACAP NOT List oF Papers AND MisceLLaANgeous Notes sy L. P., GRATACAP IN THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATURAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION OF STATEN ISLAND Remarks’on Silver Lake. Vol. 1, p. 11. Sep. 13, 1884. Chlorides in the rainfall of Staten Island for 1884. Vol. 1, p. 19. Mar. 14, 1885. Notes on the composition of our beach sands. WIL Tey 2y., elDee 12, 1885. ' Remarks on the drift fossils of Staten Island. Vol. 1, p. 46. Jan. 8, 1887. . Preliminary list of Palaeozoic fossils found in the drift of Staten Island. Vol, 1: p. 51-52: Mar. 1887. Notes on the origin of the serpentine rock of Staten Island. Vol. 1, p. 55. May 14, 1887. Remarks on the temperature of certain Staten Island springs. Vol. 1, p. 62. Feb. 11, 1888. Relation between the growth and form of leaves. Vol. 2, p. 3. Dec. 8, 1888. Account of fossils from a drift boulder of Oriskany sandstone. Vol. 2, p. 7. Mar. 14, 1880. ’ Remarks on specimens of quartz geodes and limonite concretions from the iron mines near Four Corners. Vol. 2, p. 44-45. Mar. 13, 1890. Notes on an examination of the water of the Staten Island Water Sup- aly, Cos) Vol; 2) p: 72, 73. Feb: 14) 1804. Memorandum on Lymnea palustris. Vol. 2, p. 79-80. May 9, 1891. Notes on certain mineral constituents of the Staten Island and New Jersey trap rock. Vol. 2, p. 81. June 13, 1891. Note on trap dike of Staten Island and its influence on the water supply. Vol. 3, p. 5-6. Dec. 12, 1801. Fossils recently found in drift boulders on Staten Telanee Nolest p g-10. Feb. 13, 1892. Notes on berries of Smilax rotundifolia. Vol. 3, p. 27. Dec. 17, 1892. Note on the effect of the growth of seaweed on rocks along the shore of Staten Island. Vol. 3, p. 27-28. Dec. 17, 1802. Additional determinations of Schoharie fossils from the drift. Vol. 4, p. 7. Dec. 9, 1893. Additions to the drift fossils of Staten Island. Vol. 4, p. 16-17. Mar. 10, 1894. The significance of the accumulation and distribution of boulders on the north shore of the island. Vol. 7, p. 13-14. Apr. 8, 1899. Note on Erythronium americanum Ker. Vol. 7, p. 18. May 13, 1899. Notes on the Limonite Beds on Ocean Terrace. Vol. 7, p. 28, 29. Dec. 9, 1899. Are the Kreischerville clays all Cretaceous in age? Vol. 7, p. 38-30. May 12, 1900. The Clove Valley Pleistocene lake basin. Vol. 8, p. 3-4. Jan. 12, 1901. Old Court Records of Richmond County* EpwaArp C. DELAVAN, JR. The book of ancient court records referred to by Clute on page 167 of his Annals of Staten Island and by the Historical Tablet Committee at page 12, volume 6, of the PROCEEDINGS OF THE STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, has been found in the office of the Clerk of the County of Richmond. It establishes the fact that for some eight years there was a build- ing called a courthouse or county house at Stony Brook. The first mention of a term of court held at Stony Brook occurs under the date of March 5,1718. The first mention of a courthouse is found under the date of March 7, 1721. A term of the Court of Sessions was “held at Stony Brook at the Court House” on March 5, 1723; it was at this term that Sheriff Ben- jamin Bill’s protest against the insufficiency of the jail was pre- sented (‘Clute, 167). The term of the Court of Common Pleas, opened on March 6, 1729, appears to have been the first “ held at Richmond town in the County abovesaid at the Court House.” The back of the cover of this record book bears the following label :— ; RECORDS of the CourT OF SESSIONS Common’ PLEAS 1710-1743. The Court of Sessions had criminal, and the Court of Common Pleas civil jurisdiction. The last entry in the book is that of a term of Court of Common Pleas held on March 19, 1745. The flyleaf shows the following title: 1 Presented at the meeting of the Section of Historical Research Janu- ary 12, 1918. 22 DELAVAN: Otp Court REcorDS OF RICHMOND COUNTY 23 The Book of Records of the Courts of Sefsions and Comon Pleas Held In The County of Richmond In The province of New York &c Cominc?’ y* 6™ day of March An° 177? and Kept p* Alex’ Stuart Clk. Quid faciunt Leges ubi Sola pecunia regnat Aut ubi paupertas—Vinces Nulla potest é Ad™ Mott Clk. The first page contains the following entry: Richmond fs. Att a Court of Sefsions held for y® County aforesaid one Tuesday being the 6™ day of March In the 9™ year of Her Majefties Reigne, Anne Queen of Great Britain &c Annoq. Dom. 17+. Preit. Benj*. Brittin John Stilwell Philip Morill | Ab™ a J (ustices). Harris Richoe| Jacob Corfen J Constables. W™ Tillyer Esq°’. Sheriff The Grand Jury paneled, entred and sworne— The prefent™* of the Grand Jury We doe prefent Vincent Roberts Houfe Car(penter?) for breach of . the Sabath and afsaulting a woman &c Grand Jury Discharg? Ordered yt y™ prefent™* agit Vincent Roberts be Ingrofs* and fild. Court a Journed till the firft Tuesday of 7ber next. 24 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES The following table contains a synopsis of the succeeding entries to the year 1731: I7II 1711 17II 1712 1712 1712 1712 1713 1713 1713 1713 1714 1714 1714 1714 1715 ir7ALS 1716 1716 1716 1717 TAT) TyAle7 1717 1718 1718 1718 1718 1719 1719 1719 1719 1720 1720 1720 1720 1721 1721 1721 1721 Sept. March Sept. Sept. March March Sept. March March Sept. Sept. March 2 March 4 Sept. 7 Sept. 8 March 1 March 2 March - (oS) 8) any (sy tes) TS) ey SS Gal PS Sy Sept: 3 Sense § March 4 March 5 Sept Sept. 4 March 3 March 5 Septal Sept. 2 March 1 March 2 Sept. 6 Septaay, March 7 March 8 Septqes Sept. 6° Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... 9 Anne. Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ 10™ Anne. Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... 10 Anne. Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ 10 Anne. Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid..* Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ 11™ Anne. Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid.. .11™ Anne. Sessions Held for the’ County aforesaid........ ‘Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ 13" Anne. Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid...13'" Anne. Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ ToGecnd Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... : Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid. 2"? Ge° I Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ 2" Ge? I Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... 3° Ge° I Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ 377 Ger I Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... 3°* Ge° I Sessions Held for the County aforesaid........ 375 (Gernl Common Pleas Held for the County aforesaid... 37? Ge? I Sessions Held for the County of Richmond..... 4 Ge? I Common Pleas Heldvat Stony Brooky-eeonene 4™ Ge? I Sessions) Eeldvat Stony Brooke... seen 5 Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook........... 5 Ge? L Sessions Heldvati Stony) Brooke a... 3 er aeeeee 5" Geo I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook........... 5" Ge? I Sessions, Held at Stony brook... nee et ee 6" Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook........... 6" Ge? I Sessions Held at Stony. Brook... eee 6" Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook........... 6% Ge? I Sessions eld at Stomy: Brooks...) eee 7 Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook........... 78 Ge? I Sessions, eeldvat the Court) Louse) pe eee 7 Gee I Common Pleas Held at the Court House..... in 7 Geom Sessions#Eeldtat the Count blouses sane eee 8" Gers: Common Pleas Held at the Court House in said County/ofeRichmondseaeee see ee Cee Sem 8 Ge? I DELAVAN: Otp Court Recorps oF RicHMoND CouNTY 25 1722 March 6 1722 March 7 1722 Sept. 4 1723 March 5 1723 March 7 1723 Sept. 3 1723 Sept. 4 1724 March 3 1724 March 4 1724 Sept. I 1724-Sept! 2 1725 March 2 1725 March 3 ' 1725 Sept. 7 1725 Sept. 8 1726 March 1 1726 March 2 1726 Sept. 6 1726 Sept. 7 1727 March 7 1727 March 9 1727 Sept. 5 1727 Sept. 7 1728 March 5 1728 March 7 1728 Sept. 3 1728 Sept. 5 1729 March 4 Sessions-Held at the Court House.............. 8" Ge°l Common Pleas Held at the Court House........ 8" Ge? I Sessions Held at the County House............ o'" Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court TEI QUIS Rees Meee ae A eG SERENE ec eM pe! 3 o'* Ge* I Sessions Held at the County Court House in & LORMC Un Rein seta ceed ALLAN. Mase Vines aera o™ Ge? I Sessions Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at EhenCount, LlouUse imyor POmINGasaaa ese eck - 10°" Ge° I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court LOUISE NIN Qa HOLT OcGhe yoni y beeen aes Ne oneicislieve a eae oe 10 Ge® I Sessions Held at Stony Brook at the Court House SR Chee SRO ard arte NG DORR Ree PPO ON eacae erty ot ae 10 Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court HQ USE gir FOTe RC. eaten deity ne etetere ciecete's 10 Ge] - Sessions — Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court RlOuse mies Lore Gccerenie ae aoe Acme aele Aerie 3 t1t" Ge? I Sessions Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Cougt blouse din Gs fom wos a. seece aac 11" Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court JEIGIEINS aay (amteyeeCde aa mAN MG ie RRs ena eeee 11 Ge° I Sessions Held at Stony Brook at the Court House FHL (See TROY es See WA es PRG DE eae Ul Tee T2en(Gewl Common Pleas Held at the Court House in & SROLA, CC RO Eee CPR Vir UT A ra eS Ica aD) 12** Ge? I Sessions Held at the Court House in & for &c...12' Ge? I Common Pleas Held at the Court House in & BONO CREA mse hokey We CEL SRE ee OEE ASR Ret EE qo Geers Sessions Held at Stony Brook at the Court House.13 Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court JEIGTEIE ec io ENE ey BiG RE IER co pv ee ER oT Cerne ian Geell Sessions Held at Stony Brook ................. 13" Ge? I Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court VOUS Camere ona ei eitekers ane nan Sel sims austlea nig? (Ee Sessions Held at Stony Brook in & for said COlMitymeee te sere oli at Slice Nes cies te Geoun Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook in & for CaSO intaygmertse tn erm ce treet Sgt cco vdome ext iouek iG 1°* Ge° II Sessions Heldvat Stony, Brook j..52..-.4.22.52+ 1°* Ge? II Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook at the Court EDO USC RI CR Ane A cares Nev eee UMS eh ou 1°* Ge® II Sessions Held at Stony Brook ................. 2" Ge? II Common Pleas Held at Stony Brook ........... ZeGeell Sessions tlelduat the Gourt House....0........ 2° Ge? II 26 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES 1729 March 6 Common Pleas Held at Richmond Town in the co. aforesaid at the Court House............ 2° Ge? II 1729 Sept. 2 Sessions Held at the Court House at Richmond EOWA! lessee sehen Se ae te ke eee ee etree 3°" Geo I 1729 Sept. 4 Common Pleas Held at Richmond Town at the @ourteelouseme see eee eo eee ee atd'Gerth 1730 March tr7 Sessions Held at the Court House at Richmond Wel) ee Ma iE MR RG RS icity 6 0c 379 Ge? II 1730 Marchiz7 Common Pleas Held at Richmond Town in the Go. of Rich*. at the Court House. 2... <2 e- 3°° Ge? II 1730 Sept. 22 Sessions Held at Richmond Town in the Co. of Rich?) at the Counteblouse.-12 1 ree 4 Ge’ II 1730 Sept. 22 Common Pleas Held at Richmond Town in the Gos or Rich* abthe Cont Houseas sano 4a™Geo It That court was sometimes held at private or public houses may be inferred from the entry under date of March 2, 1714, that the Court of Sessions “adjourned till tomorrow at Ten of the Clock in the forenoon to ye North Side To Coll. Grahams” (Clute, 166). | Queen Anne died August 1, 1714. The captions of the records of both courts held the following September declare the terms to have been held in the thirteenth year of her reign (which com- menced March 8, 1702), indicating that the justices had not been officially notified of her decease. At the March term of the Sessions, 1715, license was granted for the location of the Dutch Church near the burying ground, probably at or near its present site at Port Richmond (Clute, 167). No term of either court was held in September 1715, perhaps because the justices felt uncertain as to their tenure of office under the new monarch. The record of the March term, 1716, of the Court of Common Pleas is blank, except as referred to in the record of the March term of the Court of Sessions of the same year, which is here given in full. DELAVAN: OLp Court Recorps oF RicHMOND CoUNTY 27 Richmond fs. Att a: Court of Sefsions held for the County aforefd March the 6 and In the 2° year of His Majefties George by the Grace of God King of Great Brittain ffrance & Ireland Defend’ of the ffaith Annog. Dom. 173% ~Preit Thomas ffarmar Lamb‘ Garifone Nath" Brittin Ab™ Cole Esq’® 7” day preft Aug. Graham Jos. Arofmith| Ordered that the Names of those of fforeign birth who have Taken the oaths In this Court as by an Act of Afsembly Made In the first year of the Reign of our Sovereigne Lord George King of G* Brittaine &c In this province of New York Declaring the privileges of forreigners being Naturalized According to the said Act, be Recorded in the Books of Records In our {* Court And it is hereby Accordingly Entered as followeth Viz. :— Paul Droilhet John Latourette John Depuy Gerret Veghte —The Sixth day of March Co feffions Aron Prall David Ruifell J Jacques Pollion Sam" Barnefs Rene Rezeau | Henry de Money [ James Guyon —The Seventh of March Co. Co. pleas David De bourepos Lewis Gitton James Seguin J Entered y® Order of Court In the Records of our said Court March the 7‘ In the 2" year of His Majefties Reign p’ Alex’ Stuart Clk. fefs pc. At the March term of the Court of Sessions for the year 1717, Nicholas Britton was fined twelve shillings for his “ misbehaviour to Nathaniel Britton, Esq. (Clute, 166),” possibly suggesting an explanation of the reason why Nicholas was cut off with six 28 SrateN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND. SCIENCES shillings by his father Nathaniel in an unrecorded will dated June 1 and proved November 11, 1729, a copy of which may be found at page 150 of the New York Historical Society collections for the year 1902. ri That the early court records were not kept in the courthouse would seem to follow from the following entry in the record of the Court of Sessions for the March term, 1740 (March 18, 13 George II). “Daniel Corfen the present Clerk of the Court of sefsions and Common Pleas for this County of Richmond having informed this Court that he has demanded of Daniel Stilwell the late Clerk | of the said Courts the Books of Records of this County (always known of Right to be lodged in the Cuftody of the Clerk of this County for the time being) And that the said Daniel Stilwell hath refufed to deliver unto him the {¢ Daniel Corfen the s* Books of Records: It is therefore Ordered by the Court that the faid Daniel Stilwell shall forthwith upon sight of this Order (A true Copy hereof being first delivered to him) or upon notice of this Order deliver unto the faid Daniel Corfen all the Books aforetaid and other Records of the fd Court And that &c Pain & Peril that shall fall thereon.” By an act of the General Assembly of the Province of New York passed November 1, 1683, provision was made for the. naturalization of alien settlers professing Christianity. Natural- ization of persons actually settled in the Province was effected by — taking and subscribing the oath of allegiance. Future settlers might become naturalized by a special act of the assembly, after taking the oath of allegiance. The act of November 1, 1683, was recited in full in the subse- quent act of July 5, 1715. The substantial provisions of the © latter act are as follows: : I. All persons of foreign birth inhabiting within the Colony prior to November 1, 1683, and since deceased, having been seized of lands, were deemed to have been naturalized, their deeds and. wills were declared valid conveyances, and titles held thereunder were confirmed. DELAVAN: Otp Court Recorps oF RICHMOND COUNTY 29 II. Every person of foreign birth, living on July 5, 1715, who had inhabited within the Colony prior to November, 1683, was deemed to have been naturalized, their deeds and wills were to be held valid, and titles thereunder, present and prospective, were confirmed. , III. All persons of foreign birth who had settled in the Colony after November 1, 1683, who had purchased lands and had died seized thereof or who had had conveyed the same, were deemed to have been naturalized, with like effect. IV. All persons of foreign birth, being Protestants, living on July 1, 1715, and inhabiting within the Colony, might become naturalized, on taking the oaths by law appointed, subscribing the test and taking the abjuration oath before any Court of record of the County within nine months and paying the legal fees of Court and clerk. V. Persons of foreign birth inhabiting within the Colony and dying prior to the expiration of the nine months were deemed to have been naturalized. 1 Laws of the Colony of New York, page 85. Governor Francis Lovelace directed Jacques Cortelyou to lay out new lots in addition to the lots at the Old Town and to lay out a village for forty settlers at the Great Kill, and to e out the Great Kill Salt Meadow in ten acre lots. The French Map of the Great Kill vicinity may have been Jacques Cortelyou’s return to the warrant of Survey. The two villages indicated may have been his selection of sites therefor. See Volume I, Council Minutes in the library of the Association. Was the proposed village near the Great Kill, Dover? Jacques Guyon, Ist, left all his property to his widow Sarah, daughter of Philippe Casier. If Sarah was foreign born and un- naturalized, and if she died intestate, and if Jacques Guyon 2d was her son and had been born without the Province of New York, his naturalization would seem to have been necessary to enable him to sell or devise his land, or to give his oe good title by descent. Ice Phenomena at Prince’s Bay during the Recent Cold Weather* Howarp H. CLEAVES (WITH PLATE 3) During the three days from December 29, 1917, to January 2, 1918, inclusive, the climax was reached of the severest period of cold which this vicinity has experienced for many winters, and on the night of December 30-31 the mercury registered the record-breaking temperature for Staten Island of 14° below zero. Newspaper accounts of the cold and its attendant conditions in Greater New York and vicinity are of too recent date to require reference or comment at this time. Descriptions of certain local phenomena and events, however, are worthy of being placed upon record, as their like may never occur again. The lower part of Raritan Bay was almost completely frozen over from Staten Island to New Jersey. On January 5 Elmer Juhl, Albert Juhl, and Fernando Morin, residents of Richmond Valley, walked on the ice from Mount Loretto, Prince’s Bay, by way of the interstate boundary monument, to Lawrence Harbor, near the mouth of Cheesequakes Creek, New Jersey, and re- turned by the same route. In so doing it was necessary for them to cross both the north and the south channels of the bay, through which in ordinary seasons it is common to see large sailing vessels and tramp steamers passing. Elmer Juhl, who personally related the facts to me, also stated that he knew of a number of others who had crossed from Staten Island to New Jersey. Such crossing was commonly practised for several days, by workmen passing between Tottenville and Perth Amboy north of the course kept open by the steamboats of the Tottenville and Amboy ferry. 1 Presented at the meeting of the Association January 19, 1918. 30 Proc. STATEN Is. ASSOC. VOL. 7, RrAnEss oT Fic. 2 CLEAVES: Ice Phenomena j : CLEAVES: IcE PHENOMENA AT PRINCE’S Bay 31 On January 6 the region in the vicinity of Prince’s Bay was visited, in company with Dr. Arthur Hollick, and at his sug- gestion photographs were taken by me from which lantern slides have been made, to illustrate certain features of interest which were observed. The entire surface of the bay was frozen over and many people were out on the ice, some skating, one on a motorcycle? and one on a bicycle? (PL. 3, F. 1). Can buoy No. 5, which marks the steamship channel, was just within the outer area of consolidated drift ice, and two adventurous boys* walked out and perched upon the buoy at our suggestion, in order to lend a touch of human interest to the picture. By selecting the point of view pictures could be obtained which might easily be imagined to represent arctic conditions. Two such were taken, showing the edge of the piled up drift ice, in the vicinity of the S. S. White Dental Works. One of these pictures is shown in PLATE 2, F. 2. Apparently there were other explorers on the same date more venturesome than we were inclined to be, if we may accept the verity of the following note in the Richmond County Advance of Friday, January 11: Raritan Bay Not Safe for Skaters Angelo Carlo and Eugene Glavin skated across Raritan Bay to Keyport on Sunday. They started from the Mount Loretto dock and covered the distance in 50 minutes. On the return trip Carlo fell through the ice and was rescued by his companion with the aid of a hockey stick. Numerous spots in the bay are said to be unsafe for skaters. Incidentally it is interesting to note that a flock of three canvas- back ducks, Marila vallisneria (Wils:), were observed in one of. the open patches of water close to this edge of the ice. There is no previous record, so far as I am aware, of the canvasback having been seen in Staten Island waters, and this adds another species to our list of transient bird visitors. — 2 Alfred Austin of Pleasant Plains. 3 Everett Polhemus of Prince’s Bay. # Daniel McCarthy and Joseph Monohan of Mount Loretto. Quercus heterophylla in the Clove Valley ArTHUR HOoLLick (wITH PLATE 4) On August 13, 1917, Mr. Frank Allatt, of 358 Forest Avenue, brought to the museum for identification some oak leaves that were typical Quercus heterophylla Michx. I casually remarked to him, “ You have evidently been collecting in the vicinity of Tottenville”; but to my unbounded surprise he stated that the leaves had been collected from a tree growing in the vicinity of Clove Lake, and at my request he made a rough map of the locality for guidance in locating it. Within a few hours I was out there with the map and had no difficulty in finding the tree. It is about forty feet high, symmetrical and well proportioned, with a trunk four feet three inches in circumference (about 1 ft. 4 in. diameter) at a distance of two feet above the ground. k On September 12 the tree was again visited, in company with Mr. William T. Davis, Mr. Howard H. Cleaves, and Mr. Alex- ander Gershoy of the New York State College of Agriculture. Photographs were taken by Mr. Davis and Mr, Cleaves. (PLATE 4.) On September 16 Dr. N. L. Britton also accompanied me on a visit to the tree. / The presence of the tree in this locality represented what at first appeared to be a problem for which no reasonable explana- tion could be suggested. The only other known specimens of its kind on Staten Island are those in the vicinity of Tottenville, distant about twelve miles, and the theory that an acorn could have been transported that distance by any natural agencies and had fortuitously germinated in the Clove Valley, seemed an ea at: at the meeting of the Section of Natural Science April 13, 1918. 32 AT[VA PAOTD 94} ul DYKydodajay sno4anQ) :MOVIIOY v divig ‘4 ‘104 ‘IOSSY ‘SJ NALVLS ‘O0udg - Hottick: QuERCUS HETEROPHYLLA IN CLOVE VALLEY 33 almost impossible one, especially in view of the adverse interven- ing topographic features. The alternative theory of the former existence of any parent tree in the Clove Valley seemed likewise to be an extremely improbable one, in view of the proved hybrid origin of Q. heterophylla, which would require that at least one mature tree of Q. Phellos L. must also have been growing there in comparatively recent times, and the presence of any such con- spicuous tree or trees could hardly have escaped detection by those who have explored the woods and examined the trees of the region every year during the past forty-seven years. Mr. Davis, however, has supplied the testimony which ap- pears to offer a reasonable explanation, if not the actual solution of the problem. He has informed me that on October 27, 1888, he collected acorns from the Toittenville trees and planted a number of them in the Clove Valley. A reasonable assumption, therefore, seems to be that the tree in question most probably originated from one of these acorns and that the tree is now twenty-nine years old. In this connection it is of interest to calculate the theoretical age of the tree from its dimensions and the known rate of growth of other individuals of the same species, and to note how the results arrived at compare with our assumption in regard to its probable origin and age. Certain definite data are, fortunately, at our disposal as a basis for such a calculation. ; On September 30, 1911, a one-year-old seedling Q. hetero- phylla, about one foot in height,, was collected at the Tottenville locality by Mr. Norman Taylor and planted in the Brooklyn Botanic Garden. On September 17, 1917, I visited the Garden for the special purpose of examining this seven-year-old tree, on which occasion the following facts were noted and calculations _ made: Height of tree 10 feet, circumference of trunk 4.7 inches (= about 1.5 in. diameter), maximum spread of branches 6 feet. The indicated rate of vertical growth, ten feet in seven years, would result in a tree a few inches over forty feet in height in 34. STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES twenty-nine years, which agrees exactly with the height and as- sumed age of the Clove Valley tree. The indicated rate of lateral growth, however, about an inch and a half in seven years, would result in a trunk only about a foot and a half in circumference, or six inches in diameter, at the end of the same period of time. This apparent discrepancy may, however, be accounted for by the probable retardation of lateral growth due to transplanting, in the case of the seedling tree, or to constantly increasing vigor in lateral ‘relative to ver- tical growth, in the more mature tree. No matter what we may assume, however, in regard to the origin and age of the tree, the interesting facts are that this in- dividual specimen is there, and that it is the. northernmost repre- sentative of its species growing in a natural, wild environment, so far as there is any record known to me. Note——Since the above was written my attention has been called to a paper by Dr. N. L. Britton (Notes on the Relative Age and Dimensions of a Number of Different Trees, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 310. May 1879) in which the following data are re- corded in regard to the “black oak” (Quercus rubra L. ?) which is one of the parent species of Q. heterophylla. Average annual increase in height = .o4 ft. © = Average annual increase in diameter = .47 in. These figures indicate a height of 27.26 ft., and a diameter of 1.135 ft., for a twenty-nine-year-old tree. Apparently the average vertical growth is less and the average lateral growth greater than in Q. heterophylla. lf similar data could be ob- tained in regard to Q. Phellos, the other parent species, some interesting comparisons might result. Te ee Literature Relating to Staten Island LETTERS AND Diary,! AND PoEMS? OF ALAN SEEGER Alan Seeger was born in New York June 22, 1888, joined the Foreign Legion of France in September 1914, atthe outbreak of the European war, and was killed in action on the battlefield of Belloy-en-Santerre July 4, 1916. He had, therefore, only just passed his twenty-ninth birthday when he met his death. During the first ten years of his life he resided on Staten Island and is remembered by many of us, especially, no doubt, by those who were his fellow students at the Staten Island Academy. He may, therefore, be included among our local literati, even though his literary work was all accomplished after his departure from our island. A short account of the life of the author, and comments on the literary merits of his writings may be found in the volume of poems, in the introduction written by William Archer. Whether it was heredity or environment that was the most im- portant factor in influencing the mental and the resultant physical — activities of Alan Seeger would be merely a matter of inference. Archer says, in commenting on the Seeger family residence, which was on Fort Hill: “From their home on the heights of Staten Island the children looked out day by day upon one of the most romantic scenes in the world—the gateway to the Western Elemispaere. .) ./ Int the foreground lay Robbin’s Reef Light- house, in the middle distance the Statue of Liberty, in the back- ground the giant curves of Brooklyn Bridge, and, range over range, the mountainous buildings of ‘downtown’ New York 1Letters and Diary|of|Alan Seeger| New York| Charles Scribner’s Sons | 1917. 8° cloth, 218 p., frontispiece portrait of the author. _ 2 Poems | by | Alan Seeger | with an introduction | by | William Archer | New York | Charles Scribner’s Sons | 1917. 8° cloth, 174 p. 35 36 StTaTEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES .. and the incoming stream of tramps and liners met the out- going stream which carried the imagination seaward, to the islands of the buccaneers, and the haunts of all the heroes and villains of history, in the old world. The children did not look with incurious eyes upon this stirring scene ... the walls of their nursery were covered with their drawings of the shipping. ... They were of an age, before they left Staten Island, to realize something of the historic implications of their en- vironment.” One feature, at least, of his early surroundings left its impress upon his memory, and we find it embodied in the poem entitled The Old Lowe House, Staten Island, which we infer to mean the old Daniel Low mansion, located close to where he lived and with which he must have been familiar: ... Relic of a romantic taste gone by, This stately monument alone remains, _ Vacant, with lichened walls, and window panes Blank as the windows of a skull. But I, On evenings when autumnal winds have stirred In the porch vines, to this gray oracle Have laid a wondering ear and oft times heard, As from the hollow of a stranded shell, Old voices echoing (or my fancy erred) Things indistinct but not insensible. The literary merits of Seeger’s writings have been discussed by others more competent for the work than the reviewer. To the reviewer the interest attaching to his writings is not con- cerned with the features which enlist the attention of the literary critic—the choice of words or phrases, or the rhythm of verses— but in what they reveal or indicate of the underlying mental processes—the ideas, impulses and convictions of the author— of which his writings are the outward expression. Alan Seeger was an evolutionist and a fatalist. He was evi- dently a firm believer in the doctrine that “ whatever is is right,” because everything that happens is foreordained and inevitable. This mental attitude is well expressed in his poem The Hosts: LITERATURE RELATING TO STATEN ISLAND 37 1 ... Let idlers argue the right and wrong And weigh what merit our causes had. Putting our faith in being strong— Above the level of good and bad— For us, we battled and burned and killed Because evolving Nature willed, And it was our pride and boast to be The instruments of Destiny. ... And again, in Maktoob: ... Within the book of Destiny, Whose leaves are Time, whose cover, Space, The day when you shall cease to be, The hour, the mode, the place, Are marked, they say; and you shall not x By taking thought or using wit Alter that certain fate one jot, Postpone or conjure it. Learn to drive fear, then, from your heart. If you must perish, know O man, ’Tis an inevitable part Of the predestined plan... . Many of his poems show a passionate love of life and all its pleasures, verging upon the sensuous at times, in the frank exu- berance of his youth, as when he says: . . . What is so fair as lovers in their joy That dies.in sleep, their, sleep that wakes in joy? Caressing arms are their light pillows. They ‘That like lost stars have wandered hitherto Lonesome and lightless through the universe, Now glow transpired at Nature’s flaming core; They are the center; constellated heaven Is the embroidered panoply spread round Their bridal, and the music of the spheres Rocks them in hushed epithalamium. ... 1 ask nought else Than reincarnate to retrace my path, Be born again of woman, walk once more Through Childhood’s fragrant, flowing wonderland 38 StTaTEN IsLtanD ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES And, entered in the golden realm of Youth, Fare still a pilgrim toward the copious joys I savored here, yet scarce began to sip... . Coincidently, however, his fatalism made him absolutely con- temptuous of death, without any affectation of self-sacrifice or any marring trace of mock heroism. Each of these dominant mental characteristics is well ex- emplified in his already widely known poem, I Have a Ren- dezvous with Death: I have a rendezvous with Death At some disputed barricade, When Spring comes back with rustling shade And apple blossoms fill the air— I have a rendezvous with Death When Spring brings back blue days and fair... . God knows ’twere better to be deep Pillowed in silk and scented down Where Love throbs out in blissful sleep, Pulse nigh to pulse, and breath to breath, Where hushed awakenings are dear. But I’ve a rendezvous with Death At midnight in some flaming town, When Spring trips north again this year, And I to my pledged word am true, I shall not fail that rendezvous. vaylal, JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS ON LonG IsLAND AND STaTEN IsLAND? This is a concise account of the former and present known ~ localities for the juniper, Juniperus communis L., on Long Island and Staten Island. On our island the species, to the best of our knowledge, became extinct on the death, about 1892, of the last of the few individuals that formerly grew in the grove of cedar trees, Juniperus virgimana L., along the beach near New Dorp. It is interesting to note that on Long Island there are recorded several widely separated stations where specimens of this. locally rare tree are growing. i. lel. = Wine Daviss Mlonreya 7109, fay June moO. LITERATURE RELATING TO STATEN ISLAND 39 CATSKILL WATER SUPPLY?* From whence, exactly, do we get our present main water supply on Staten Island, and how is it delivered to us? Many official reports, popular articles and newspaper accounts dealing with this subject have been published during the past decade; but none contains clearer and more concise descriptions, more complete statistical data, and better selected illustrations than may be found included in this neatly printed, well illustrated, and popularly written pamphlet. } The course of the water may be traced on the map through portions of ten counties, from the Schoharie drainage basin, 120 miles distant from us to the Ashokan reservoir, and thence by the great aqueduct to its terminus in the Silver Lake reservoir. The elevation of the former is 590 fet above tide level and that of the latter 228 feet. The water, therefore, comes to us by gravity, and it takes about three days to make the journey, passing in its travels four times beneath the lower Hudson River and its con- fluences: the Harlem River, the East River, and New York Bay. The illustrations of local interest are (p. 6) a view of Silver Lake reservoir, filled with water, looking south from the north- east end; (p. 12) sections of the north dike and basin-and south dike and basin of the same reservoir; (p. 64) sectional view, showing the method of laying the connecting siphon from Long Island to Staten Island under the waters of New York Bay. In brief, this is an interesting little municipal handbook of in- formation, containing facts and figures with which every citizen of Greater New York should be familiar as a matter of civic - pride, if for no other reason. | Me Tal. 4 Catskill Water Supply | A General Description | and| Brief History | Board of Water Supply | of the City of New York | October, 1918. Pamph. 8°, 67 p. plates, figures, diagrams and maps, 70+. 40 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES CaTSKILL AQUEDUCT ‘CELEBRATION PUBLICATIONS? This neatly bound volume consists of the descriptive catalogs and pamphlets issued by twelve of the Greater New York organ- izations and institutions that prepared and installed exhibitions in connection with and on request of the Mayor’s Catskill Aque- duct Celebration Committee. The catalog of our museum exhibits, aitnouent it includes but four pages, compares very favorably, in so far as its contents are concerned, with its companions. Two features, especially, which can hardly fail to be noted, are that each and all of our exhibits were strictly pertinent to the occasion, and that they were replete with local interest and significance. One item worthy of particular attention is in reference to the old wooden water mains of Manhattan. Sections of these were included in several of the exhibits, but our specimen was the only one in which the kind of wood from which it was made was definitely determined. The original specifications in regard to these mains provided that “these logs must be of good pitch pine.’® Whether or not this meant Pinus rigida Mill., which is the species popularly known as pitch pine today, we do not know; but we do know that the particular log in our possession is Pinus Strobus L., or white pine;’ from which it may be argued that there are certain advantages in a museum which combines both historical and scientific research in its activities. The twelve pamphlets that comprise this volume together form a comprehensive and instructive story of the evolution of a water supply coincident with the growth of a community; and anyone specially interested in the evolution of our local conditions may 5 Catskill Aqueduct Celebration | Drinbentiens | A Collection of Pam- phlets Published in Connection with the Celebration of the Completion of the Catskill Aqueduct, etc.| Arranged by | George Frederick Kunz, Ph.D., ScD. | Chairman of the Committee on |»Art, Scientific and Historical Ex- hibitions. | The Mayor’s | Catskill Aqueduct Celebration Committee | New York, 1917. 8° cloth. ® New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, Sep. 5, 1774, fide New. York Hist. Soc. Bull. 1: 64. Oct. 1917. * Proc. Nat. Scr. Assoc. STaTEN Is. 9: 50. May 20, 1905. — a LITERATURE RELATING TO STATEN ISLAND 41 \ find references to practically everything that has been published on the subject in the list of twenty-nine works and articles in the library of our museum, mentioned under item No. 13 of our Aqueduct Celebration catalog of exhibits. Bo aly, ENGLISH CROWN GRANTS® This little volume was written with an avowed object in view that is outlined in the “ Foreword” and is discussed in its various aspects in the subsequent chapters. In the former it is stated that “the American bar associations, historical societies, colonial organizations, and all thoughtful citizens have vital interest in the unique history and present-day dominating influence, in America, of the old English crown grants. ... The English crown grants of lands on Staten Island have been selected by the author as the most diversified, yet favorable grouping of grants to illustrate the discussion of the problems involved.” Pages 27-53 include a presentation and discussion of facts and claims in relation to the crown grants of land on Staten Island; but, in order to thoroughly understand the points involved, the author’s previous work, The Major and the Queen,’ should be read first. The crux of the discussion may be inferred from the statement that “the records of the state of New York .. . dis- close a large number of crown grants of Staten Island lands, issued to various parties. These grants, exclusive of the last and final grant, were originally intended to cover about one half of Staten Island. The last, final and inclusive grant, issued to Lan- ‘caster Symes, covered all of the remaining lands on Staten Island, 8 English Crown Grants | by | S. L. Mershon | Member of | The National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.... Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences; etc.| Author of |The Major and The Queen | The Foundation of Colonial Land Titles | under English Common Law | New York | The Law and History Club | Publishers, 39 Cortlandt Street. 12™° cloth, 266 p, copyright, 1918, by S. L. Mershon. 9R. H. Beam & Co., publishers, New York, 1915. Reviewed in Proc. STATEN Is. Assoc. ARTS AND Sct. 6°: 152. 42 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES together with various rights appertaining thereto and at the time belonging to the English crown. .. .” All legal rights and title to these lands were claimed by the Symes Foundation, by and from whom they were transferred to the Lancaster Symes Estate on Staten Island. Pages 236-266 include a chapter on the Symes Foundation and the Lancaster Symes Estate. The matter included in this chapter was also printed in legal form as a separate publication under date of July 2, 1917, and more or less widely distributed. We do not pretend to any knowledge in regard to what that august entity, The Law, may think of the claims embodied in the legal instruments that are given verbatim in this chapter; but they are interesting to any student of local history; and optimists, pessi-. mists, or plain ordinary skeptics will find in them inspiration for expressions of opinion in regard to the apparent altruism that influenced those whose signatures are attached to and whose names occur in connection with the instruments mentioned. The volume is replete with historical facts; and the special facts, discussions and arguments in relation to the grant of lands on Staten Island to Major Lancaster Symes by Queen Anne may be found in two chapters, one on under-sea lands and land grants and one on an analysis of the Symes grant, on pages 129-135 and 182-202, respectively. The latter is of special interest to the lay reader as an example of the course of reasoning employed by the members of the legal profession in the interpretation of the assumed intent and meaning of words and phrases. Noel PETITION AND PROTEST IN REGARD TO RIPARIAN GRANTS ETC. ON STATEN IsLAND?!°® This is a document, printed in legal form, “in the matter of Riparian Grants by the State of New York to lands on Staten | 10 State of New York | Petition | and | Protest | to | The Honorable Fran- cis M. Hugo| Secretary of State, Albany, N. Y.|by|S. L. Mershon. Pamph. roy. 8°, 15 p. Mar. 25, 1018. 7 ’ LITERATURE RELATING TO STATEN ISLAND 43 Island, also Leases by the State of New York of submerged lands in the waters of Staten Island.” In particular it is an argument on behalf of the claims and objects of the much discussed Symes Foundation. Of especial interest to us is the fact that the Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences is specifically designated as one of the proposed beneficiaries in the event of the objects of the Foundation being accomplished. This document may be regarded as an appendix or a sequel to the work previously reviewed. ENS Nee THE CouRSEN (Corson) FAMILY"* This is a genealogical record, together with copies of grants, wills, and other instruments in connection with which the Coursen (or Corson) family was concerned. The plates include a por- trait of the author, a picture of his residence at Huguenot Park, Staten Island, and a reproduction of an old sketch of Manhattan Island made about 1650. The genealogical records begin with “ Peter Coursen the first French Huguenot Emigrant from France to New Amsterdam in 1612,” and ends with the issue of Cornelius Corson 7th, who died in 1900. The author notes as a peculiar coincidence, that Arendt Coursen, in 1642, gave a power of attorney to one Covert Looker- man (whose family name was subsequently changed to Lookman and finally to Lockman) the direct ancestor of Samuel Lockman, the great great grandfather of the author, whose daughter Henrietta Maria married Richard Corson in 1820. LN, deal. 11 The Coursens | From 1612 to 1917, compiled from Ancient and Mod- ern Records, with the Staten Island Branch | By | Percival Glenroy UII- man. 8° cloth, 88 p. 3 pl. No date or place of publication. n 44 STATEN Istanp ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES EarLy HIstTory OF STATEN ISLAND?? This modest brochure bears several evidences of, haste or carelessness in its preparation. On the cover the title appears as “ A Short History of Staten Island”’; but the title page designates the work as “Early History of Staten Island,” while in his kindly letter of transmittal the author refers to it under the title first mentioned ; so that the question is an open one in regard to the title under which it should be catalogued and cited. It is fittingly dedicated to Mr. Ira K. Morris, “ whose history of Staten Island has endeared him to all those who love Staten Island, and whose indefatigable and painstaking historical re- searches of many years have challenged the admiration of those interested in the history of our Island.” This dedication is dated _ May 1918, which we may, therefore, assume to be approximately the date of publication, although it does not appear on the title page. The author states, in the introduction, that “the desire to awaken in the hearts of the growing generations of Staten Islanders an interest and a love for their native island have induced the writer to present this short history.” It is, frankly, a compilation of such events and_ incidents, gleaned from general sources of information, as the author deemed to be of special interest or significance. It is unfortu- nate, however, that dates are omitted in connection with many. events of importance, thus detracting from their main historic value and interest. The absence of pagination numbers is also a drawback, so far as ease and accuracy of reference and citation is concerned. AE 12 Early | History | of | Staten Island | By | Cornelius G. Kolff. 8° pamph. 32 p. May 1918(?). Records of Meetings MEETINGS OF THE ASSOCIATION REGULAR MEETING, OCTOBER 20, 1917 The meeting was held in the assembly hall of the bssieiis, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. President Howard R. Bayne in the chair and eighteen persons present. The minutes of the annual meeting of May 10, 1917, were read and approved. The president, in order that a record be entered on the minutes, made formal announcement of the laying of the cornerstone of the new mu- seum building only a few hours previously (Saturday afternoon, October 20, 1917) and expressed the hope that as full an account as possible of the function and its attendant ceremonies would be, later, prepared for publication in the ProcrEpIncs. (See this issue, p. 77.) Dr. Arthur Hollick exhibited and discussed two interesting museum accessions, as follows: 1. A lithograph, 3 ft. < 2 ft. in size, entitled Panorama of the Harbor of New York, Staten Island and the Narrows. The printed text in connec- tion with it is: “ Published by Goupil & Co., 366 Broadway, New York. Drawn from Nature & on Stone by John Bornet. Print by Nagel and Weingartner N. Y. Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1854 by Nagel and Weingartner in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the Southern District of N.Y.” This is the item mentioned in the August issue of the BULLETIN, and secured through the generosity and prompt action of Mr. Charles D. Durkee. It is the largest and in several of its features one of the most interesting of the many views of Staten Island included in our collection of old prints and engravings issued prior to days of photography. Certain of the topographic features are more or less exaggerated, but almost every prominent residence of the time when the picture was made is faithfully depicted in every architectural detail, especially those at Clifton, which locality is the initial point of view of the picture. . It may also be of interest to compare it with this smaller colored litho- graph included in our collection, entitled “The Narrows, New York Bay. From Staten Island,” published by Currier and Ives, 152 Nassau street, New York. This view is taken from the top of Pavilion Hill, Tompkins- ville, looking toward the Narrows, and therefore represents a viewpoint opposed to the other. It is not dated; but inasmuch as the fort at the AS 46 STATEN IsLtAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES water edge of the Narrows is shown, which feature is not included in the larger picture, we may assume that this smaller one was issued subsequent to 1854. 2. Four skins of the greater bird of paradise, Paradisia apoda, with an account of the manner in which they came into the possession of the Asso- ciation. (See this issue, p. 1.) Doctor Hollick referred to the Catskill Aqueduct Celebration Exhibit, now on display in the Museum, prepared in cooperation with the subcom- mittee on Art, Scientific and Historical Exhibitions of the Mayor’s Cats- kill Aqueduct Celebration Committee, and gave a brief outline and descrip- tion of the features included in the exhibit. (For report and complete descriptive catalog see this issue, p. 5.) Mr. William T. Davis read a paper, illustrated by Bs st entitled Does the Silver Lake Reservoir Leak Excessively? (See this issue, p. 13.) Mr. Davis also exhibited a small specimen of a ground rattlesnake, Sistrurus miliarius Linn., preserved in alcohol, and read an account of his personal experiences in connection with it, under the title Bitten by a Rattlesnake. (See this issue, p. 15.) The meeting then adjourned. REGULAR MEETING, NOVEMBER 17, I9Q17 The meeting was held in the eee hall of the Museum, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. President Howard R. Bayne in the ais and forty-five persons present. The minutes of the meeting of October 20, 1917, were read and approved. Mr. S. McKee Smith presented the following resolutions, which will be acted upon at the next regular meeting of the Association: Resolved, that in view of the prospective future development of the Museum of the Association and the nature of the public educational activi- ties which it maintains and fosters it is advisable that the corporate name of the Association be changed from Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences to Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences. Resolved, that the Board of Trustees be and is hereby requested to take _ such action as may be necessary to legalize and effect the change in name above suggested, and that the Constitution and Bylaws of the Association be thereupon declared amended in conformity therewith. Mr. Howard R. Bayne exhibited a photographic reproduction of an old map, without date or title, representing a portion of Staten Island in the vicinity of Great Kill. The map was recently received from Dr. James Sullivan, State Historian, Albany, N. Y., together with the following memorandum: “Tf you will examine... the map... and place it alongside a map of Staten Island you will see that it represents the coast line along the sea (designated on this map ‘la mer’ and ‘mer’) and that ‘La grand Kil’ corresponds to the Great Kill of Staten Island. RecorDs OF MEETINGS 47 c “ The village represented at the middle and near the bottom of the map I have not been able to locate by name. The village at the left side of the map was probably New Dorp. As you will notice, in various places on the map; the land is designated as ‘ foin doux,’ which means fresh meadow, and ‘foin salé,” which means salt meadow. . . “The line designated ‘ la ligne,’ a little above ‘the center of the map, may refer to the point of the compass; but it is not strictly accurate. What the two crossed lines at the bottom may mean is not clear to me. They may represent merely calculating lines used by the surveyor in making his map. “The original map is included in Land Papers, vol. 1, p. 99, Secretary of State’s Office, Albany, N. Y., among papers dated 1676; but this date is uncertain for the reason that such papers are frequently mixed up and are slipped in under years to which they do not belong.” Mr. Charles W. Leng exhibited cotypes of two new species of water beetles, recently described from Staten Island Specimens, and read the following note: “Tn the Journal of the New York Entomological Society for September 1917, Prof. H. C. Fall of Pasadena, Cal., describes several new Dytiscide. Among these are two species for which Staten Island is the type locality. Bidessus suburbanus was found by Mr. John D. Sherman, Jr., ‘in a pond in the-woods’ which he tells me is still in existence (though Prof. Fall says ‘no longer existing’ from some misunderstanding), near the Mora- vian cemetery, to which he was guided by Joseph C. Thompson. Hydro- porus shermani was taken ‘in fresh running water,’ which Mr. Sherman tells me means the Moravian Brook flowing through the golf links of the Richmond County Country Club. Both captures were made several years ago, in the course of collecting with Joseph C. Thompson, the late C. H. Roberts, and myself; and it has taken Mr. Sherman much longer to study the status of the specimens than it took us to guide him. to the Staten Island ponds and brooks in which water beetles abound.” Mr. Howard H. Cleaves exhibited a potato, weighing 2 lbs. 5 oz., grown in Colorado and donated to the museum by Mr. Walter Mayer. ANNOUNCED PROGRAM Mr. Arthur A. Michell gave a lecture, illustrated by lantern slides, on Egypt the Land of the Pharaohs. The meeting then adjourned. REGULAR MEETING, DECEMBER 15, I917 The meeting was held in the assembly hall of the Museum, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. President Howard R. Bayne in the chair with twenty-five persons present. The minutes of the meeting of November 17, 1917, were read and approved. The resolutions presented by Mr. S. McKee Smith at the November meeting of the Association, proposing a change in the corporate name of the Association to Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences, were unanimously adopted. 48 Staten IsLanD ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES ANNOUNCED PROGRAM Dr. James Sullivan, State Historian and Director of the Division of Archives and History, State Department of Education of the University — of the State of New York, gave a lecture on The Battle of the Marne, illustrated with lantern slides explanatory of the army units engaged and the military tactics and strategy involved in attack and defense. The meeting then adjourned. REGULAR MEETING, JANUARY 19, 1918 The meeting was held in the assembly hall of the Museum, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. First vice-president William T. Davis in the chair and nineteen persons present. The minutes of the meeting of December 15, 1917, were read and approved. Mr. William T. Davis referred to the death on December Ig, 1917, of Louis Pope Gratacap, who was one of the oldest members of the Associa- tion, and president of the Natural Science Association of Staten Island from November 1887 to November 1889. Mr. Davis read an appreciative obituary notice and a list of his contributions to the PRocEEDINGS of the Association. (See this issue, p. 19.) Dr. Arthur Hollick exhibited a bound volume of the Richmond County Mirror, volume 1, July 1837—-July 1838, which was made the subject of a communication presented at a meeting of the Section of Historical Re- search held January 12. (See this issue, p. 55.) Doctor Hollick referred particularly to the frontispiece of the volume, a steel engraving represent- ing the water front of New Brighton, and read the following explanatory text, printed as the leading article on the first page of the first number: “The view of New Brighton, which accompanies this number, is from a Steel Plate from a painting designed expressly for this work by Chap- man. . The subject was selected not only for its breadth of landscape and the boldness of the hills that tower behind the village in the fore- ground, but also as the seat of the newest and most stately settlement on the Island, and we may say, in the country., The subject, moreover, being new and un-worn, is the more interesting and piquant in proportion as it is unknown: and anything calculated to elucidate the matter of the rising up of this village from the chaotic wilds of the ‘north shore ’—like Venus from the sea—growth that played around the mutilated body of Uranus— will undoubtedly be perused with interest and attention. “This village was commenced by the individual enterprise of THomas E. Davis Esq. but its commanding site and its proximity to the great metropolis of the west, soon arrested the attention of several gentlemen who formed an Association for the purpose of inducing Mr. Davis to part with portions of his purchase—they succeeded, and the extensive im- provements which have since been effected, are the results of the united taste and enterprise of the members of the N. Brighton Association. “The village is situated about one mile’s distance from the village of ReEcorDS OF MEETINGS 49 TOMPKINSVILLE.... from the many advantages of its location—its salubrious and invigorating air—its extent of prospect, and the game with which its adjuncts abound—it promises fair to be one of the most frequented water- ing places in the country ;—at once among the most costly and magnificent ornaments of the land, and of incalculable benefit to its environs.” ANNOUNCED PROGRAM . Mr. Howard H. Cleaves gave an account, illustrated by original photo- graphs and lantern slides, of Ice Phenomena at Prince’s Bay during the Recent Cold Weather. -(See this issue, p. 30.) Dr. Arthur Hollick: supplemented Mr. Cleaves’ account by exhibiting two newspaper illuSerabions in connection with former severe winter con- ditions in the vicinity, viz.: | 1. Sleighing on Staten elena Sound opposite er ietipsee N. J., during the winter of 1874-75, from Harper’s Weekly, March 13, 1875. (See also Proc. STaTEN Is. Assoc. Arts. AND Sci. 5: 114. Meeting of February 109, 1915.) 2. The Staten Island ferevbout Westfield caught in the ice in the East River, February 8, 1895, from the New York World, ’February 9, 1895. Mr. William T. Davis mentioned several previous cold spells and read records in connection with them from his journal, remarking. that, although lower records were recorded in nearby localities during these cold snaps, none equalled that of the present winter for the relatively long duration of the severe cold or for its record-breaking low temperature on Staten Island. The meeting then adjourned. REGULAR MEETING, FEBRUARY 16, 1918 The meeting was held in the assembly hall of the Museum, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. President Howard R. Bayne in the chair and twenty-five persons. present. The minutes of the meeting of January 19, 1918, were read and approved. Mr. Alanson Skinner exhibited and described a collection of Indian relics personally collected at Mariner Harbor, where evidences of village sites, and many graves, fire pits, etc., had been unearthed in a number of localities during the extensive commercial development of the region in 1903 and subsequently, especially in a hill near De Hart’s brook. In addition to fragments of pottery and a number of stone implements,. the objects shown included oyster, scallop, and clam shells, fragments of the blue crab, and bones of deer, raccoon, wild turkey, diamond-back terrapin, and other remains of the food supplies on which the aborigines depended. Apparently these evidences of Indian occupation must have dated back to about 1675 or earlier, as no trace of the influence of white civilization was found in connection with them. 50 STATEN IsLaAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES By permission of the Museum of the American Indian, under whose auspices the explorations were made, the collection was presented to the museum of the Association. Mr. Skinner also presented a part of an old flint-lock musket, with the flint fixed in the lock, found on the shore of Newark Bay, near the site of a British encampment during the war of the Revolution. ANNOUNCED PROGRAM Mr. Charles G. Hine exhibited and discussed selections from a collection of about four hundred American and foreign war posters, representing © appeals for recruiting, war loans, Red Cross, food conservation, etc. Of special interest to Staten Islanders were David Varon’s “ Liberté,” Alice J. Hendee’s on food conservation, and Margaret Reeve’s in connec- tion with the appeal for books,—all representing the work of local artists. Of local historical interest was one issued during the period of the Revolution, notifying Staten Island farmers that two thirds of their hay would be required by the king’s troops. yi The meeting then adjourned. REGULAR MEETING, MARCH 16, 1918 The meeting was held in the assembly hall of the Museum, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. President Howard R. Bayne in the chair and thirty persons present. The minutes of the meeting of February 16, 1918, were read and approved. ANNOUNCED PROGRAM Mr. Frank C. Kaye'gave a description of the black fox breeding industry in the maritime provinces of Canada, illustrated by lantern slides, which was supplemented by an exhibition by Mr. J. B. Duffies, of silver, silver- gray, silver-black, and black fox pelts, with data in regard to their re- spective commercial values, ranging from about $800 per pair for the first mentioned to about $3500 for the pure black. The meeting then adjourned. REGULAR MEETING, APRIL 20, 1918 _ The meeting was held in the assembly hall of the Museum, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. President Howard R. Bayne in the chair with forty persons present. The minutes of the meeting of March 16, 1918, were read and approved. The president announced that the act amending the charter of the Asso- ciation by changing the name to Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sci- ences had passed both branches of the State Legislature, was signed by the Governor on March Ig, and is now Chapter 57 of the Laws of 1018. ‘ a a a ReEcorps OF MEETINGS 51 ANNOUNCED PROGRAM Captain Francis D. Murphy gave an address on Big Game Hunting in the Soudan, based upon personal experiences while stationed in the Nile region in the service of the British army. The meeting then adjourned. ANNUAL MEETING, MAY 18, 1918 The meeting was held in the assembly hall of the Museum, 154 Stuy- vesant Place, Staten Island. President Howard R. Bayne in the chair and thirty persons present. The minutes of the meeting of April 20, 1918, were read and approved. The president announced the death, on May a1, of Captain: Francis Delancy Murphy, who succumbed to an attack of pneumonia after an ill- ness of less than three days. Captain Murphy was a retired British army officer, fifty years of age, who served for sixteen years with General Kitchener in the Soudan. He was elected a member of the Association on January 22, 1916, and although only a recent,resident of Staten Island, had taken an active interest in the protection of local bird life in connection with the work of the Staten Island Bird Club. At, the meeting of the Association on January 20, 1917, he described and discussed the African animals represented in the Frederick C. Have- meyer collection of mounted heads; at our meeting last month he enter- tained us with an account of his personal experiences in big game hunting in the Soudan; and this evening he was to have delivered an address on Observations of a Resident in Equatorial Africa. The annual report of the Board of Trustees was read by the president in lieu of his annual address. (See this issue, p. 61.) The annual report of the treasurer was read, approved and ordered placed on file. (See this issue, p. 63.) The annual report of the secretary was read, approved and ordered placed on file. (See this issue, p. 64.) The director gave an outline of the principal items to be included in his report which will be submitted to the Board of “Trustees at its annual meeting. (See this issue, p. 65.) The president announced the next order of business to be the election of four trustees for a term of three years each, to fill the vacancies caused by the expiration of the terms of office of Howard R. Bayne, Wil- liam T. Davis, Charles A. Ingalls, and S. McKee Smith, and called for the report of the committee on nominations. The committee submitted the names of the present incumbents to suc- ceed themselves. The president asked if there were any other nominations, and none being presented it was regularly moved and carried that the secretary be in- structed to cast one affirmative ballot for the nominees submitted by the committee. 52 STATEN IsLaAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES The secretary cast the ballot as instructed and the president declared the nominees elected. The Britton Cottage committee submitted a report covering the period since the last annual meeting of the Association, which was read and or- dered placed on file. (See this issue, p. 76.) Verbal reports were given on the work of the active sections of the Association during the year, in the form of extracts from the minutes of the several meetings held. (For full reports of the Section of Historical Research and the Section of Natural Science see this issue, p. 52, and p. 57, respectively. ) Dr. Arthur Hollick submitted the following preamble and resolution, which was unanimously adopted: WHEREAS, in accordance with Chapter 57 of the Laws of 1918, amending Chapter 850 of the Laws of 1911, Chapter 208 of the Laws of 1910, and Chapter 526 of the Laws of 1905 incorporating the Staten Island Associa- tion. of Arts and Sciences, the name of the said association is changed to Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences, Resolved, that this corporation at this annual meeting held on May 18, 1918, hereby formally adopts the said change of name and requests the Board of Trustees to take whatever further action may be necessary in such connection. Mr. Charles W. Leng referred to Mr. Cleaves’ address at the January meeting of the Association on ice phenomena during the past winter, and exhibited the roots of a cultivated honeysuckle vine, Lonicera japonica Thunb. ?, from his garden, which had been killed by the extreme cold that killed or deed so many other cultivated plants. Mr. William T. Davis mentioned the high-water shrub, lee frutescens L., as a plant thermometer that recorded extremes of cold by the extent to which their stems were winter killed according to the degrees of tem- perature, and referred to his paper on the subject in the PRocEEDINGS OF THE NATURAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION OF STATEN ISLAND, vol. 3, p. 44. June 10, 1893. The meeting then adjourned. MEETINGS OF THE SECTIONS SECTION OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH ANNUAL MEETING, JANUARY 12, 1918 The meeting was called to order by the chairman, George W. Tuttle. Present: George W. Tuttle, William T. Davis, Edward M. Stothers, Stephen L. Mershon, and Arthur Hollick, members; Charles G. Hine and E: C. Shaver, visitors. Dr. Arthur Hollick was elected recorder pro tempore. Officers for the ensuing year were elected as follows: chairman, George W. Tuttle; recorder, S. McKee Smith. ‘Recorps oF MEETINGS 53 The minutes of the meetings of January 13 and April 6, 1917, were read and approved. Mr. Stephen L. Mershon exhibited and presented to the Association a tracing, tinted in water colors, of a map with the title: Map of New York, & Staten Is!I** ! And Part of Long Island Surveyed by Order of His Excellency General Sir Henry Clinton K. B. Commander in Chief of His Excellency’s Forces &ca. &ca. &ca. 1781 Surveyed and Drawn, by George Taylor & And”. Skinner. Surveyors fo His Excellency The Commander in Chief. The map is 3 ft. 3 in. X 2 ft. 2in. in size. The scale is one inch to the mile. The case in which it was packed and mailed, sealed with the Crown seal, was presented with the map. Mr. Mershon stated that, so far as he was aware, this is the only official copy of the map ever made, having been obtained through application to the British government. It shows the location of the roads and every individual house in existence on Staten Island at the time when the survey was made, and all the important topo- graphic features. Doctor Hollick called attention to the apparent fact that what we know as “Burnt Island,” at the mouth of Fresh Kill, was not at that time an island, being represented on the map by a peninsula-like extension of the salt meadow toward the north; also that the name “Smoaking Point” is given to a projecting area of land on the New Jersey shore of Staten Island Sound, a short distance to the north of and nearly opposite to the locality on the Staten Island shore which is now and has been for many years known under the same name. Doctor Hollick submitted the following memoranda: In the “Chart of the Entrance of Hudson’s River, etc.,” published in London in 1776 as an official pilot chart of the region, made from surveys by John Gascoigne and others, the New Jersey locality is designated “Smoaking Point” and the Staten Island locality “ Johnson’s Point.” The StTaTEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES name “ Smoaking Point,’ however, is applied to the Staten Island locality on a “Map of the Country Thirty Miles round the City of New York, etc.,” by I. H. Eddy and others, published in New York in 1828 and, so far as I am aware, on all subsequent maps. On the map accompanying Mr. William T. Davis’ “Staten Island Names, Ye Olde Names and Nick- names” (Proc. Nat. Scr. Assoc. Staten Is., vol. 5, No. 5, Special No. 21, Mar. 14, 1896) the name Smoking Point is applied to the Staten Island, and Tufft’s Point to the New Jersey locality. The designation, “ Johnson’s Point” is not recorded by Mr. Davis either in his text or on the map. Mr. George W. Tuttle remarked that the map shown by Mr. Mershon was not the only copy of the original in this country, although it is prob- ably the only officially copied one. The Title Guarantee and Trust Co. possess photographic reproductions of the map, reduced in size; and in the Corporation Counsel’s office there is a tracing of the map. It is gen- erally regarded as of great value in fixing accurately the exact location of the old roads on Staten Island. Dr. Arthur Hollick presented and discussed the following items: 1. A collection of twenty-nine old local instruments (indentures, agree- ments, deeds, bonds, quit claims, surveys, complaints, warrants of arrest, yetc.) dating from the latter part of the seventeenth to the beginning of the nineteenth century, recently donated to the Association by Mr. Horatio J. Sharrett. Extracts from certain of the instruments were read by Doctor Hollick. 2. Three old pictures of Staten Island scenery, with the following com- ments: ; Under date of April 2, 1917, I received from J. H. Seers, of 25 Abbott’s Park Road, Leyton, England, a price list of engravings representing old views of New York and vicinity, which included three of Staten Island apparently not represented in our collection. As a result of subsequent correspondence, in a letter dated July 2, Mr. Seers agreed to dispose of the three views for $5.00. I immediately wrote, requesting that he hold the pictures and that the money would be forthcoming as soon as possible. In the August issue of the BULLETIN an appeal was printed for a contri- bution of $5.00 for this specific item, and Miss Bessie E. Davis generously responded. A money order was transmitted on September 1, and one week ago, on January 5, 1918, the pictures were received. They are finely executed steel engravings, delicately tinted in water colors, with the fol- lowing titles and information: [a] The Narrows from Staten Island. W. H. Bartlett E. Finden London. Published for the Proprietors, by Geo. Virtue, 26 Ivy Lane, 1837. ReEcoRDS OF MEETINGS 55 [D] New York Bay. (From the Telegraph Station.) W. H. Bartlett R. Wallis London: Published for the Proprietors, by Geo. Virtue, 26 Ivy Lane, 1838. [c] The Narrows. (From Fort Hamilton.) oOWee bab antlett R. Wallis London. Published for the Proprietors, by Geo. Virtue, 26 Ivy Lane, 1838. In connection with these pictures the following facts are of interest: [a] was evidently made from the same plate, slightly altered, as that from which was made a similar engraving in our collection, which bears the same title but no date or place of publication and on which “ Engraved by J. White” takes the place of “E. Finden” below the right-hand end of the lower border. Apparently the picture recently acquired is the orig- | inal and the other one a subsequent reprint from the altered plate. In the assumed original engraving it may be seen that all of the shipping consists of sailing vessels, whereas in the other there are several steam craft. Certain of the human figures and trees are also changed, but other- wise the two pictures are identical. On the assumed reprint there is a pencil memorandum, “‘ American Scenery’ (1854?),” which may be intended to designate the title of the publication from which it was abstracted and the approximate date of issue. In our collection we also have practically the same picture in a woodcut taken from Gleason’s Pictorial Drawing Room Companion, published in Boston in 1853. [5] was evidently made from the same plate as was one in our collec- tion which is without title, date of publication, or any other data. [c] was evidently made from the same plate as was another in our col- lection with the title “Fort Hamilton and the Narrows” and with the name “F, O. Freeman” in place of “R. Wallis” below the right-hand end of the lower border. It seems reasonable to assume that in this instance also we have an original engraving and a subsequent reprint. In the assumed original only sailing vessels are depicted, whereas in the other, one of these vessels is replaced by a steamship, and a flock of sheep and figures of civilians are replaced by soldiers. It may also be seen that in the first the flag on the fort is represented at half mast, in the other at full mast. 3. Bound volume of the Richmond County Mirror, vol. 1, July 1837- July 1838, edited by Francis L. Hagadorn, and recently purchased for the Association from his grandson Francis C. Hagadorn, for $5.00, through 56 StaTEN IsLaND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES the joint contribution of $2.50 each from L. W. Freeman and Arthur Hol- lick. This was the first newspaper actually printed on Staten Island. It was made up on the imposing stone now in our collection of local antiqui- ties, exhibited and described by Ira K. Morris at the meeting of the Asso- ciation October 18, 1913. (See Proc. Staten Is. Assoc. ARTS AND SCI. 5: 1-7. Oct. 1913-May 1914.) Of special interest is the frontispiece to the volume, a steel engraving with the legend “ New Brighton; from New York Bay. Engraved & Pub- lished for the New Brighton Mirror. Painted by Chapman. Eng* by Rolph.” A copy of this engraving, with the title “ New Brighton in the Vicinity of New York,” but without any indication of its place of publica- tion, was secured some time ago and included in our collection of old local views. It was evidently a reprint from the same plate as that from which this frontispiece was made. Mr. George W. Tuttle read the following papers: (a) Old Court Records of Richmond County, by Edward C. Delavan, Jr. (See this issue, p. 22.) (b) Comments on the old French map of Staten Island in the vicinity of. Great Kill, included in Land Papers, Volume 1, page 90, in the Sec- retary of State’s Office, Albany, N. Y.1 (c) The Location of the Old Village of Dover on Staten Island, with photo-reproduction of a map in the Library of Congress (date 1676?) supposetl to be the oldest map of Staten Island on which Dover is indicated. On motion the Section adjourned to meet on Saturday, February 23. ArtHUR HOLLick, Recorder pro tempore. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1918 The Section met on the above date, chairman George W. Tuttle presiding. Present: George W. Tuttle, Edward C. Delavan, Jr., Arthur Hollick, Stephen L. Mershon, S. McKee Smith. Mr. and Mrs. F. P. Danzilio, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles D. Durkee were present as visitors. The minutes of the annual meeting of January 12, 1918, were read and approved. Dr. Arthur Hollick presented the following communication: Some years ago I had occasion to deliver an address on Some Celebrities Who Have Lived on Staten Island. In the course of my remarks I re- ferred to the fact that very few authors had utilized Staten Island’s natural 1 Shown at the meeting of the Association November 17, 1917, and de- scribed in a memorandum by Dr. James Sullivan, State Historian and Director of the Division of Archives and History, State Department of Education, University of the State of New York. ; Recorps oF MEETINGS 57 features, or social conditions, or local characters in works of fiction, and incidentally mentioned James Fenimore Cooper as one of the few, in con- nection with his romance “ The Water Witch.” Mrs. Andrew J. Newbury happened to be one of my audience and subsequently very kindly sent me this interesting letter : “Cooper’s account of his chum for months on the Sterling is given in his book ‘Ned Myers.’ The life of this shipmate, Ned Myers, was writ- ten in 1843, when the old salt, then a battered hulk, was an inmate of Sailors Snug Harbor. “When Cooper was on the crest of the wave of his literary fame the old sailor, wondering if this could be the comrade of his youth, wrote after twenty-five years of separation to inquire. The answer was ‘I am your old shipmate’; and Ned was invited to visit Cooper’s home, ‘ Otsego Hall.’ “Many people noted this pair in 1843. Hardly a day passed that they were not seen together, as the heavy hall gates-swung open at eleven o’clock, coming out for a morning walk or a sail on the lake,—Cooper’s portly form and, by his side, a shriveled figure with halting step, leaning heavily on a crooked stick which served for a cane. It was during this visit that the old sailor spun his life yarn in his own way and Cooper wove it into his book ‘Ned Myers.’ “The Sterling, named for Sterling Castle, sailed from Maine in 1806 for Cowes, England. Cooper learned much of London in his stay there, and went thence to Gibraltar. Seamen of English birth were impressed from the vessel for the war against Napoleon. The ship was chased by a pirate in the Bay of Biscay. Once, in a heavy sea, they were almost wrecked, but finally got back to Philadelphia, in 1807.” Mr. Stephen L. Mershon exhibited and discussed the British military map of New York, Staten Island, and part of Long Island, made in 1781, presented at the preceding meeting of the Section; also a blueprint copy of a map of Staten Island showing the location and boundaries of all the Crown grants of land on the island, from 1668-1712, prepared under the direction of the State Engineer and Surveyor, dated 1907, and a list of the grants, with official data, from the original one down, including a his- tory of quit rents. Discussion in regard to the accuracy of certain details of the map and accompanying data was participated in by Messrs. Mershon, Delavan, and Tuttle. S. McKee SmiItH, Recorder. SECTION OF NATURAL SCIENCE The Section held one meeting, as follows: ANNUAL MEETING, APRIL 13, 1918 In the absence of the chairman Mr. William T. Davis was elected ‘chairman pro tem. The minutes of the annual meeting of April 14, 1917, were read and approved. The following: officers were elected for the ensuing year: chairman, Charles W. Leng; recorder, Howard H. Cleaves. 58 SraTEN IsLaAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES The following items were presented and discussed: By Dr. Arthur Hollick—(1) A paper on Quercus heterophylla in the Clove Valley (see this issue, p. 32) illustrated with photographs and her- barium specimens of leaves. (2) Herbarium specimens from the filled-in area in the vicinity of Ar- lington station on the North Shore branch of the Staten Island Rapid Transit Railroad, with the following notes: Previous articles on the flora of this locality are Recently Introduced Grasses and Sedges (Proc. StatEN Is, Assoc. Arts AND Sci. 2*: 189) and Notes on Introduced Plants Collected near Arlington, Staten Island (Ibid. 3 62). On September 12, 1917, this interesting area was again explored and two additions to our local flora were collected, viz., Anoda triangularts (Willd.) D.C., a native of Mexico, and Melochia corchorifolia L., a native of tropical regions. It is hardly to be expected that these species will per- sist as permanent residents, although it is interesting to note that speci- mens of Sesamum indicum L., also a tropical species, were collected. there in 1910-and: again in 1917; but, of course, we do not know that the 1917 plants were the direct descendants of those of 1910. , They may have been introduced de novo subsequently. Among specimens collected in 1908 and only recently identified are sev- eral of the genus Atriplex, one of which proves to be A. lacimata L., a species not previously recorded from Staten Island. (3) An albino specimen of purple gerardia, Agalinis purpurea (L.) Brit- ton, collected at New Dorp, Sept. 15, 1917, by Mr. Harold K. Decker. In Britton and Brown’s Illustrated Flora this species is described as “ white.” _ (4) A typical specimen of a glaciated stone, a limestone cobble, from the boulder till excavated for the site of the new museum building at the corner of Stuyvesant Place and Wall street, Saint George. By Mr. Wm. T. Davis—(1) Observations on herring gulls at the new Silver Lake reservoir, as follows: Early in November, 1917, herring gulls, Larus argentatus Pont., began to visit the Silver Lake reservoir. On the afternoon of November 18 six- teen gulls were counted in the reservoir; on the 22d one hundred and thirty-eight, and on the 29th one hundred and five. The birds appeared in the afternoons, the first of them usually about two or three o’clock,. on their way across Staten Island from Newark Bay and the Sound to their roosting places by the sea. On the date last mentioned it was a bright sunny day, and the gulls often rose from the reservoir to fly about in circles and then alight on the surface of the water again. In fact they were indulging in much fancy flying. On this as well as on previous occa- sions the birds resting on the surface of the water would duck under and then flop their wings while rising partly out of it; in fact were taking a bath in the fresh water.. This is their well known habit in other reser- voirs that they frequent, such as the one in Central Park, New York City. rarely ReEcorDs OF MEETINGS On December 2 only seven gulls were observed in the reservoir, one of them, however, was in the Logan Spring or northeastern basin, the only gull thus far observed there. On December 16 the reservoir was com- pletely frozen over and no gulls came down to the ice.- (2) Local entomological specimens with explanatory notes, as follows: Carabus nemoralis Mull. Three individuals of this large and predaceous beetle, recently introduced about New York City (see Proc. Staten Is. Assoc. Arts AND ScI. 5: 92) were collected on Henderson Ave., West New Brighton, April 3, 1918. They had been tempted from their winter retreats by the very warm weather of that period. Ladon exusta Say. A female of this dtagonfly, which had evidently been on the wing some time, was collected in the Clove Valley July 5, 1917. This species is an addition to our local list but is common in north- ern New Jersey. In the pine barrens of New Jersey and on parts of Long Island its place is taken by Ladon exusta deplanta Rambur. Partenodera cinensis (Saussure). This large, introduced species of mantis has been mentioned in our ProceEpincs (vol. 8, p. 43, Nov. 8, 1902) as havin& been reared on Staten Island from egg masses received from Philadelphia. It now appears to have established itself at Mariner Har- bor, two having been collected there in 1916, and three in 1917. These records in detail may be found in a paper on the, Introduction of Palearctic Praying Mantids into the North Atlantic States, to be published in the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society. (3) Local zoological specimens preserved in alcohol, with accompanying data, as follows: : Spelerpes ruber (Daudin). Red salamander. Found in a rather dry situation under a piece of wood at foot of tree in woods and about 100 feet from water. Reed’s valley, Dongan Hills, August 17, 1917. Storeria dekayi (Holbrook). Brown snake. Found dead on DeKalb St., Saint George, April 23, 1917, following the warm weather of the 22d. Also one found dead on steps leading to Castleton Park grounds, Rich- mond Terrace, New Brighton, September 16, 1917. Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus). Ring-necked snake. Found dead on steps leading to the Moravian Cemetery, New Dorp, September 20, 1917. Thamnophis sertalis (Linnaeus) Garter snake. Killed at 146 Stuy- vesant Place, New Brighton, by a neighbor who saw it crawling in the garden, on the very warm day of April 22, 1017. By Mr. Edward J. Burns—Note on the capture of a field mouse by a gray squirrel, as follows: Near my home at Fort Wadsworth, Staten Island, on September 2, 1917, while taking a walk along a path bordered by trees and underbrush on one side and an old board fence on the other, in search of insects, my attention was attracted by the squeaking of a mouse in the bushes just ahead of me. Not knowing what was happening I stood still, and pres- ently saw a gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis leucotis (Sapper), less than » 60 STATEN IsLanp ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES ten feet away, carrying what was evidently a full-grown field mouse in its mouth. All this time the mouse was struggling and squeaking. The squirrel climbed the fence, sat on the top rail, and readjusted the victim with its paws in the way they usually handle apples or large nuts, and at the same time apparently biting the mouse, which squeaked the louder. As I watched, the squirrel jumped to the branch of an overhanging tree and ran off out of sight in the maze of treetops, the squeaking of the mouse becoming fainter and fainter and finally lost to my hearing. By Mr. Howard H. Cleaves—A living, but at the time dormant, specimen of jumping mouse, Zapus hudsonius Zimmerman. This had been un- earthed from its winter quarters, two feet beneath the surface of the ~ ground, near Huguenot avenue, Huguenot Park, about the middle of March. During its period of about a month of captivity it had changed two or three times from a torpid to an active condition and vice versa, by being alternately subjected to warmth and cold. A tall glass jar served as a place of confinement. In the past two or three days this had been in a room where the temperature, between 60° and 70° F., was such as to keep the animal active, and several times it was observed eating bits of noodles and lettuce. Mr. Wm. T. Davis, who had it under observation during this period of wakefulness, noted several things of interest. One of these was the remarkable ability of the mouse to negotiate a perpen- dicular leap against the side of the jar, sometimes reaching a consider- able height, the leap being repeated dozens of times in rapid succession. It was not disturbed by the proximity of human faces only a few inches outside the glass dwelling, and was observed several times, making its toilet under such circumstances, wetting its forepaws and rubbing them eo ously over its head and face. Howarp H. CLEAvEs, Recorder. ! ; / Annual Reports REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES The Board has held five stated meetings on the following dates: May 26, October 6, December 1, 1917; February 9, April 6, 1918; five special meetings on the following dates: June 30, July 17, September 28, October 24, 1917; January 17, 1918; and two adjourned meetings on June 9, 1017, and May 2, 1918. The unusual number of adjourned and special meetings was due to the business connected with the new building and the necessity of replacing some of the employees who had resigned. The building committee, consisting of Mr. James R. Walsh, chairman, and Messrs. Wm. T. Davis and Anton W. Hoffmeyer; and the finance committee, consisting of Dr. John Q. Adams, chairman, Mr. William G. Willcox, Mr. Chas. A. Ingalls, and Dr. N. L. Britton, also held many ~ _ formal and informal meetings. The women’s auxiliary committee took charge of the informal reception following the regular meetings of the Association, as in former years. Mrs. Hollick having resigned as a member and as chairman of this com- mittee, the president appointed, on January 17, Mrs. Emily Sears as her successor. The program committee arranged for lectures at the regular meetings by the following gentlemen: Mr. Arthur A. Michell, Mr. Frank C. Kaye, Mr. Howard H. Cleaves, Capt. Francis D. Murphy, and Dr. James Sullivan. The Board tenders its thanks to all the ladies and gentlemen who by their committee work and lectures have aided to make the work of the Institute successful. At the annual meeting of the Board on May 26, 1917, the following officers were elected: president, Hon. Howard R. Bayne; first vice- president, Wm. T. Davis; second vice-president, Wm. H. Mitchill; treas- urer, Chas: A. Ingalls; secretary, Chas. W. Leng. The only change in the personnel of the Board was the substitution of Dr. Thomas O. Baker for Mr. James J. Reynolds, caused by Dr. Baker’s having succeeded Mr. Reynolds as District Superintendent of Schools, becoming thereby ex officio a member of the Board. The following persons were elected by the Board to active membership in the Institute during the year: Dr. James B. Pentz,; Dr. Robert H. Pentz, Mrs. Frank Smith, Miss Mary Wood Daley, Mr. Ernest L. Baldwin, Mr. Louis A. Pape, Mr. George Schrieb, Mr. Chas. E. Fannon, Dr. Lucius P. Brown, and Martin R. Porter. 61 62 STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES The Board records with regret the deaths of the following members: W. W. Bryan, James W. Clawson, T. R. J. Lins, Capt. Francis D. Murphy, Chas. Rosenberg, Henry A. Tabb, and of Louis P. Gratacap, a former president. The lease of the building heretofore occupied as a museum expired on March 31, 1918, and was renewed from month to month until the new museum building should be ready. The corner stake for the initial exca- vation for the new building was driven by Wm. T. Davis on May 22; ground was broken by the president May 31 as illustrated in the Staten Islander; the contract for the erection of the new building was authorized at the meeting of the Board held July 17, and was signed by the president and the secretary on July 26. The cornerstone was laid October 20 by the president in the presence of a number of the trustees and members and friends of the Institute. Addresses were made by Hon. George Crom- well, Dr. N. L. Britton, Mr. William G. Willcox, Dr. Arthur Hollick, and others. The comptroller of the City of New York was also present and made an address. The building is now in a forward state of completion and the Board hopes to welcome the members of the Institute within its walls at an early date. : In connection with the cost and construction of the new building the Board takes this opportunity of recognizing the generosity of the 124 subscribers to the building fund, whose names appear on page 85, and | the faithful services of the architect, Mr. Robt. W. Gardner, and the builders, The John Milnes Co., both having been contributors to the fund, and having given, besides, most diligent attention to the work of con- struction. The activities of the Institute and the interest of the public therein have multiplied during the past year. The total attendance during the calendar year I916 was 15,730; the total attendance during the calendar year 1917 was 19,869 and would almost certainly have passed the 20,000 mark except for the unusual weather conditions. In addition to the regular meetings of the Association and the meetings of the two active sections as shown by their individual reports, the feature of children’s lectures was continued under the direction of Mr. Cleaves until the end of 1917. Sev- eral other matters have become part of the year’s history, among which may be specially mentioned the assignment of quarters in the museum building for the use of the local exemption board and the special exhibit prepared by the director in connection with the Catskill Aqueduct Cele- bration. The matter of increased activity in furthering war work has been re- ferred to the director and Miss Pollard. An exhibit of articles made by prisoners of war "has already been’ in- stalled by Miss Pollard. - The publication of the ProceEpIncs has been continued under the edi- torial care of Dr. Philip Dowell, Dr. Arthur Hollick, and Mr. Wie T. Davis. ANNUAL REPoRTS 63 The Britton Cottage committee will make a separate report. Their management of the premises with the aid of the D. A. R. has been most successful. Submitted, for the Board of Trustees, CHAs. W. LENG, Secretary. REPORT OF THE TREASURER May 18, 1918 i INCOME BalancexonmaandMastunepOntaacomea aoe ti oeiss ce clow ie ciseiclan es $16,002.87 Sine esnecelviedsrnomedwes, a...: ae ca-ceeu cleo veces ees $ 652.00 Since received from sale of PROCEEDINGS ............ 11.70 Since received from N. Y. City on account of postage. 20.00 Since received from donations to museum fund...... 66.50 Since received from interest on life membership fund. 33.61 Since received from life membership ................ 50.00 Since received for account Britton Cottage........... 104.48 Since received from subscriptions to building fund.... 5,115.00 Since received from interest on building fund........ 305.69 Since received from subscriptions to H. H. Cleaves sal- BUCS THOM, Bh 2 eee ee ace el or AO a De 589.00 $ 6,947.08 $22,950.85 DISBURSEMENTS l2evial ior pinning IPMS DWI soansee noes soos seendc $ 170.81 IPeGl 1i@iP Guindhapy Gxgnanyesaddsgeauee soo a caer ooeeEe oe 334.79 ‘Paid for sundry items out of museum fund.......... 61.50 Paid for sundry items out of library fund............ 42.90 Pano Ee ritton™ COttagse ACCOUNt Co icc acenes ceeds: 105.40 Paid toretiewtd. Cleaves, salary account «2.00... 5020's 589.00 Paid for account new museum building.............. 18,829.83 $20,134.23 pce cemmeotimli aris sae, cho case's OTe cen a ties ciuhils soe sie-elc-elbia gies $ 2,816.62 Depositvin Con Exchange Bank 2.2.0... .40.: 000 ce0 Sato peesictcen $ 1,189,75 WP crlersiredimee Me Savaives: Battle eh ccs sn ei « sjavslecd ao vac ee wu see 1,626.87 PNcri ce rary Pte Rye els ah eS enh. Sud aloe < details $ 2,816.62 Divided as follows: cee CTT Cameras Eva a eee Meee es Se ied Sa Welese ona $ 1,625,86 Wittsetiicanee libratys Td noe uni obs eet tne oa da ein bees cca 10.15 EMINEM SIT TUTGy stems e) die ies Actec/s.o droos sp ......-... Since telected as ieee seen ee Aelia aed eh (Riesiomed tt ce aiithh ua ety een ae SO aR ara ee Deceased iris akin. Sue ei ie ENROL nate ae Mune “These are divided as follows: Active members (excluding those not qualified) . Mifevimentbersiieh Soe-ceiy sien caroke ean ae rey ec eee Correspondinesunemberse seen ae eee Elonoranymamembens mee acre en ene eee Exc OnICloumMemMberseen walker tt ele e eee Bra Lin@in Son wymevanseerrtin tat haa gen.) rare ae SAN Lie Cine Aaa PAE 1) 282 Cuas. W. Len, Secretary. ANNUAL REPORTS 65 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR To THE BoarD oF TRUSTEES, | STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. Sirs: I have the honor to report as follows upon the administration and activities of the museum for the fiscal year ending May 18, 1918, to which is appended statistical data in connection with the same compiled by Miss Agnes L. Pollard, curator: ) City APPROPRIATION The appropriation requested for the maintenance of the museum for the year 1918 was $0,327.56. On August 25, 1917, a hearing was had before the subcommittee of the budget committee of the Board of Estimate and Apportionment, at which Dr. John Q. Adams, Miss Agnes L. Pollard, curator, and the director were present. _ The subcommittee declined to approve the restoration of the positions of one curator and one museum guard eliminated last year, or to recom- mend the increase of $200 per annum requested in connection with the salary of Miss Pollard; and minor cuts were recommended in the estimates for general expenses. i The director gave formal notice of appeal to the full budget committee. In response to the appeal a hearing was had before the committee on October 2, at which Doctor Adams, Borough President Calvin D. Van- Name, and the director were present, and the several items requested in the salary and general expense accounts were explained and discussed. The tentative budget appropriation for the Museum subsequently ap- proved by the Board of Estimate and Apportionment was: Code No. Title Amount 1445 Salaries, Regular Employees: Ctiratonnechien || Directors acess $2,500.00 (COMER ICh accu e aI ERG CRORES Ors SUMO LAR a 1,200.00 Vehimrkrones,aeendhs Ocecenc m mena mean Cerone aes 840.00 WY SHICNGnE: Gane becdugeenome oS daatine a ae 600.00 ICSE tan bleNitl Gos peo edog bods abe boue 480.00 ‘otal personal Sehvicey es a.) sak Rae eee $5,620.00 UMAR SIVETISES Naw eyeieu tia sletael cielo ae alslele els nlsvenala n'a la ayeie. 1,265.00 Depanimenttlimtotalit nme a. vaste. Oh sales ss $6,885.00 The positions eliminated last year were not restored; but the requested increase of $200 in the salary of our curator was allowed. The sum of $762.56 was cut from our requested expense account, but inasmuch as $750 of this amount represents six months’ rent of our present quarters the actual cut amounts to only $12.56. It was assumed that we would be in our new building by or before the middle of next year, and that it was only necessary to provide for six months’ rent. 66 STATEN ISLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Nothing further developed at subsequent hearings and the budget as finally adopted was identical with the tentative budget, so far as our ap- propriation was concerned. Museum STAFF AND EMPLOYEES Alexander Forsyth, janitor, resigned his position in July, 1917, and Samuel Craig was appointed in his place. Craig resigned in October and Michael Ward was appointed in his place. Francis Forsyth, museum guard, resigned his position in December and Daniel Cary was appointed in his place. All of these employees resigned in order to accept better paying positions in connection with war industries. Cary resigned in April, 1918, in order to enlist in the U. S. Naval Reserve Force, thus earning a service star for the Museum, and Edward J. Burns was appointed in his place. Mr. Howard H. Cleaves continued his services as curator up to the end of the year 1917 although the fund raised by subscription for the payment of his salary was exhausted by the end of September, and for the follow- ing three months he gave his services gratuitously. The November and December schedules of lectures for school children were arranged by him and every detail necessary for their success received his personal attention and care. He also arranged an interesting exhibit of various kinds of birdhouses and examples of food supplies for the winter feeding of birds, and performed considerable expert curatorial work for the Museum. It may be recalled that in December, 1916, the director, as secretary of the Association, asked the Association for authority to issue an appeal for subscriptions to a fund for the payment of Mr. Cleaves’ salary, at least for a portion of the year 1917, the city having declined to make any appropriation for the purpose. The authority was given, the appeal issued, and $989 raised in sums ranging from $2 to $100. The list of subscribers to this fund is as follows: Mrs. John F. Archbold, Samuel P. Avery, William L. Bailey, Mrs. Charles P. Benedict, Samuel R. Brick, Edward C. Bridgman, Nathaniel L. Britton, Edward W. Brown, Elmer Butler, Daniel Campbell, James W. Clawson, Maunsell S. Crosby, Miss Bessie E. Davis, Mrs. Elizabeth Davis, William T. Davis, Dr. Louis A. Dreyfus, Mrs. Louis A. Dreyfus, Mrs. Helen Finch, Miss Ruth B. Fisher, Henry J. Fuller, Oliver P. Geoffroy, Abel J. Grout, Daniel S. Hage} John D. Hage, Mrs. Henry W. Hardon, Paul Heine, Anton W. Hoffmeyer, Mrs. Anton W. Hoffmeyer, Dr. Arthur Hollick, Mrs. Anna M. King, Mrs. Wilhelm Knauth, Mrs. Ethel L. Kraft, Russell H. Loines, William H. Mitchill, Capt. Francis D. Murphy, Mrs. Andrew J. Newbury, Miss Helen M. Oakley, Miss Agnes L. Pollard, Mrs. Susan I. Porter, Baldwin S. Prentiss, John Rader, Anton L. Schwab, William I. Seaman, C. Sidney Shepard, Alanson Skinner, Mrs. Edmund A. Stirn, Mrs. Louis A. Stirn, George W. Tuttle, Frank J. E. Weatherdon, William Y. Wemple, William P. 1 See City Record, Nov. 13, 1017, p. 7535. ANNUAL REPORTS ' 67 Wharton, F. Winthrop White, William G. Willcox, Mrs. William G. Willcox, Miss Annie F. Wood. In connection with this list it is of interest to record that thirty-eight members of the Association contributed $635; eight members of the Bird Club contributed $84; and that nine persons who were not members of either organization contributed $270. -The city having declined to approve any appropriation for the position during the year 1918, and no effort having been made to raise any funds for the purpose by popular subscription or personal appeal, as was done last year, we were deprived of his official services after December 31, 1917. During several years past the director realized more and more the advisability of divorcing the institutional activities of the Museum from the ordinary activities of the Association, and hence, at the annual meet- ing of the Board on May 26, 1917, he tendered his resignation as secretary of the Association, after almost thirty-six years of continuous service. This has relieved the director of a great deal of work and responsibility and has enabled him to give more largely of his time, thought, and ener- gies to the administration and development of the Museum. For the courtesies tendered by the Board in connection with the event the director takes this opportunity to acknowledge his sincere appreciation. Museum ATTENDANCE The number of visitors to the Museum from May 1, 1917, to April 30, 1918, inclusive, was 15,976. This is lower by 1,385 than the attendance of the preceding year. This loss, however, may probably be accounted for by reason of the severe cold weather in December and January; the closing of the Museum from February 7 to 13 inclusive; and the abandonment of the children’s lecture courses during January, February, and March, due to the loss of Mr. Cleaves’ services as well as to the cold weather. Detailed statistics may be found in the appended report of Miss Agnes L. Pollard, curator. CHILDREN’S LECTURES The first of the season’s courses of Friday afternoon lectures for chil- dren was given on November 2 and the last one on December 28—nine in all,-with an average attendance of 106 for each. On three occasions the lecture was repeated in order to accommodate the children who could not be seated the first time. Detailed statistics may be found in the appended report by Miss Pollard. The unavoidable abandonment of the lecture courses after the end of the year I917 was deeply regretted by everyone concerned, and it can hardly be regarded in any other light than that of a public calamity. For many weeks children continued to come to the Museum on Fridays, ex- pecting or hoping that the lectures would be resumed. To the several lecturers and others who generously contributed their 68 Staten Istanp ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES time and services the director takes this opportunity to tender his sincere thanks and appreciation. Museum AND LIBRARY ACCESSIONS Accessions to the museum and library by gift, exchange, purchase and collection were about as extensive and fully as varied and interesting as in previous years. More than a thousand items were added to our posses- sions and, while those that may be classified under the natural sciences show a decrease in numbers as compared with last year, those that relate to archeology, antiquities, and historical relics show an increase. A few of the specimens of special interest were placed on exhibition ; certain others were mentioned in the BuLreTin from time to time; and others were shown and described at meetings of the Association and the sec- tions; but most of them were, perforce, packed at once and stored for future utilization. Lack of available time and opportunity for prosecuting any consider- able amount of field work during the past year is largely accountable for the decrease in the number of natural science items. Detailed statistics are included in the accompanying appendix, together with a list of the donors of material and a list of the institutions from which publications have been received in exchange during the year. Such exchanges are not included in the list of accessions. From time to time, through the medium of the BULLETIN, the director has issued an appeal for some specific item, and seldom without securing what was desired. All of these were mentioned and acknowledged in the BuLtetin; but a special record should be made of the gift by Mrs. Elizabeth Davis of a 28-foot flagpole and a 5 X 8-foot flag, which was raised for the first time on Columbus Day, October 12, 1917. From a friend who prefers that his name be not mentioned the director has also been assured of funds to any reasonable amount, to be expended at his discretion in connection with the new museum building for any purpose that may tend to economize time and labor, promote efficiency, and produce desired results. FIELDWORK IN CONNECTION WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS The director has enjoyed the privilege of acting as guide on several occasions to parties and individuals visiting Staten Island for scientific purposes. In connection with the Torrey Botanical Club, excursions were made to Richmond Valley and Kreischerville on June 16; to Pleasant Plains and Prince’s Bay on August 4; and to Great Kill on August 11, in connection with the annual celebration of “Salt Water Day.” On July 7, sixteen members and friends of the New York Mineralogical Club visited the Museum and inspected our collections, and afterwards made a trip to the Todt Hill iron ore localities. On June 11 Mr. Norman Taylor of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden was guided to Todt Hill for the special purpose ANNUAL REPORTS 69 of collecting flowering specimens of Viorna ochroleuca, the rare, erect clematis. On September 11, 12, and 13, Mr. Alexander Gershoy of the New York State College of Agriculture was shown certain of the most interesting botanical localities on the island, for the purpose of assisting him in collecting specimens for the college herbarium. SPECIAL EXHIBITS One of the most instructive exhibits ever arranged in the Museum was installed in October in cooperation with the Mayor’s Aqueduct Celebration Committee. It remained on exhibition for about eight weeks and was highly commended by the chairman of the committee. An edition of 300 copies of the catalog of exhibits was printed as a four-page leaflet, on request of the committee, so as to conform in size and style with catalogs of other similar exhibits arranged elsewhere. Early in April an interesting war exhibit was installed, consisting of articles made by wounded Italian soldiers in the American Hospital at Florence, Italy. The articles were loaned by Miss Annie D. Hanks, who for a period of about two years was a volunteer aid in the hospital. This exhibit remained on display until the closing of the Museum. THE CoLtD WINTER AND THE SHORTAGE OF FUEL During the phenomenally cold weather of the latter part of December, 1917, and the early part of January, 1918, the museum activities were re- duced to a minimum and only the most necessary routine work was at- tempted. Many of the pipes froze and the fire buckets in the main hallway and assembly room froze solid and had to be thawed out each morning. About the middle of January our local coal supply was exhausted and we were informed that a limited amount could be obtained provided we send for it. Mr. Mark Milnes happened to be at the new museum building and he kindly drove his motor truck to the yard and brought back the coal. Continuing through February the fuel situation was such that the Museum could only be kept open on a day-to-day basis, dependent upon small amounts of coal that could be obtained from time to time. On Feb- ruary 4 the last shovelful of coal in the cellar was used up; no more could be obtained; and on Wednesday, February 6, for the first time in its his- tory, the Museum was obliged to close its doors to the public and did not reopen until Thursday, February 14, a quarter of a ton of coal having been secured the day before by hiring a horse and cart and getting it ourselves. On the morning of Saturday the 16th we were again without coal but during the afternoon Mr. Cleaves arrived in an automobile with a quarter of a ton brought all the way from Prince’s Bay. The last of this lot was used up on Tuesday the 19th, and from then until Saturday the 22d, when we secured the delivery of half a ton, there was no fire in the furnace. The Museum was kept open, however, although very little work could be accomplished other than that of sorting and packing speci- 70 STATEN IsLAND ASSOCIATION OF ARTS AND SCIENCES mens, books, and equipment in anticipation of moving. On Tuesday the 26th the half ton was exhausted, and on the 27th and 28th we were again without any heat. After that, however, we were able to obtain a normal supply. During a large part of this trying time the headquarters of the museum staff were in the kitchen, where a fire was kept going ‘by means of wood and cinders. At no time was any member of the museum staff absent from duty. War ConpDiITIONS AND ACTIVITIES The Museum, in common with other institutions and industries, has not been exempt from certain effects imposed by war conditions. Economy of resources has had to be practised in every feasible direction and many things that formerly were regarded more or less as waste material have been utilized to the fullest possible extent. Ordinary supplies have been difficult to obtain at times. Even common manila envelopes could not be obtained when needed and the mailing of the February BuLLETIN was interfered with in consequence. In connection with the Mayor’s Second Red Cross War Fund Industrial Campaign Committee the members of the museum staff organized on a 100 per cent. basis, every member contributing to the fund and thus earn- ing the full quota placard for the Museum. - Miss Pollard has also been appointed an authorized agent for the sale of thrift stamps. All available wall space has been given up to Liberty Loan, Food Ad- ministration, and other war posters; and the use of the assembly hall was granted for war service work in the preparation of posters; and for a period of ten days in July the local exemption board of the first district met in the main hall of the Museum. As previously mentioned, a loan of articles made by wounded Italian soldiers was installed. PREPARATIONS FOR MoviInG On May 31, 1917, ground was officially broken for the new museum building; on October 20 the cornerstone was laid; and at date the new building is practically completed and ready for occupancy. Throughout the year all the available time of the museum staff was employed in sorting, arranging and packing such of the specimens, books, and equipment as were not on display or were not required for adminis- tration purposes. Floor plans were drawn to scale, all cases and other equipment were accurately measured, and the location of each in the new building was determined and marked on the plans, so as to obviate. con- fusion when the furnishings were to be transferred. The lease of our present quarters expires May 31 and hence the move must be completed by or before that date. On Saturday May 18, at 5 p.m., the Museum was closed to the public and the final work of packing now under way was begun. A contract has been made with C. H. Brown to move the entire contents of the Museum and Annex during the last week of the present month for $150. ANNUAL REPORTS 71 The contents of the Annex constitute’a serious problem. A large part of this material must necessarily remain in storage and there is no avail- able place for it in the new building except in the basement, which is designed for an auditorium. It may be recalled that last September the stone retaining wall on the property of Mr. F. Ducasse on the west side of the Annex collapsed during a heavy rainstorm and broke through the side wall of the Annex, throwing the shelving with all its contents on the _ floor. This material consisted in part of the overflow of the MacDonald collection of pottery and in part of the Sanderson Smith library. Much of the pottery was broken, and the books, pamphlets, and papers were buried under dirt and miscellaneous debris. The books, etc., were roughly cleaned and carried up into the loft, where they would have a chance to dry out, and the rubbish was cleared away. Subsequently Mr. Ducasse had the damage repaired; but during the cold snap last winter a service pipe on his premises froze and broke; the floor of the Annex was flooded, ” and for weeks there was ice to a depth of several inches covering the floor. When this melted the place was saturated and further destruction resulted. Storage cases were warped and swelled, specimen trays were disintegrated and labels were made indistinguishable. Much of this ma- terial not completely ruined is rendered useless for museum purposes by mixture and loss of labels. Many specimens of undoubted value are of no use for this reason. The services of an expert librarian will be required to sort and catalog the library and render it available for use. The time and assistance necessary to sort this material is not now available, how- ever, and hence it will be necessary to move everything—much of it prob- ably of no value—and trust to means being provided in the future for its proper examination and disposition. THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF MUSEUMS During the latter part of May, 1917, the annual convention of the Amer- ican Association of Museums met in New York, and on the afternoon of Saturday the 25th the members of the museum staff enjoyed the privilege of entertaining a delegation of the visiting members at the Museum. The features of the occasion were an informal reception and inspection of the Museum, followed by a trip in automobiles to the Britton Cottage (see BULLETIN, June 1017). The advisability of our Association joining the American Association of Museums as a sustaining member, in order that we might have a voice and a vote in the museum interests and affairs of the country has been mentioned on several occasions and was specially urged in the director’s report to the Board on April 6. It is to be hoped that steps may be taken to assure our membership at the forthcoming convention on May 20-22, at Springfield, Mass. Respectfully submitted, ArtHuR HOLtLIck, Director. APPENDIX By Acnes L. PoLitarp, Curator Mustum ATTENDANCE FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 1917-18 Month Open days Number of visitors Daily averages Meh TONG vo bla boo box 27 2,030 75+ [UIT CRRA As aeeeser eee 26 1,405 7+ Hit liars cae seer ee esate 26 2,140 82+ NUS USt ae aman ete 2 1,095 4o + September ecnacceune: 25 TA Qet 50+ Octoper ereorecee 2 1,514 56+ INovembermesneeenner 26 2,130 81 + Decembereeneceeane. 26 939 36 + Jenaenry, WOU soonc06 2 904 34+ IDE BEIAY sacocoosnsc 181 4871 26 + Miair chats sasohyes nears 26 1,088 41+ yaya Caene ene ae 26 823 31+ Total 307 Total 15,976 Dailyav.foryr.52 + iohestncdanlyarattencean ces a)itiliyecOnerei reenter it eee 353 ighest montialyaratten@ance a tilyj een neeeeeneeee ene 2,140 Highest intonthilys averae ess sitllyaeecm ee reer NS ay ole 82+ G Lowest daily attendance, January 1, February 4 and 21, On Gachn date: 55 2 2th eae A orien aero cates ere me 5} Holiday Attendance Decoration Way wet ae see esr ere erteneaeer ee 205 IndependencesDayarac: can a no eon oe at Carer 50 alo SD ay yeh ee keh hares Fee ia ee RR eer 55 Columbus sD aiysiany es soe ies eee eo acres eaer nee 60 EVE COM MA toe hse otacech aoe ie cnt rtael Siena ae une 53 Abhanikecoury nies AD ayers tara ete tenet yore, reece eee eae 58 | Cheistniase Dayan: to veractesatinteene teas intel sen ne area 9 New Mears Dany 9 iigtece ite aie vaut niece ake aston cs ue Estee 7 limnyoolnte. 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