+ g eat. Shes = ATEN. o ‘The Greatest Book on Cavies Ever Published Price $1.50 all ne ay p ‘ae ne co DR. J. A. ROBERTS Judge, Writer, Lecturer and Breeder of Cavies. Pacific Coast Secretary of The Western Cavy Breeders’ Association. IULTVUUEHAITUUTTHCRTRTSTATULUGMGHALOUCC OLA USAAARCUOOHOATLOUOOOMOUUGOOARTCCOOOORAIUUUONOATACCUUOQOHUULLUUOGATONOOUORITTUCUUTTHOTIINNNOTAIIINUOTOTITO UOT es TT TTT TT TTT TTTTTTTTTTtettinnnrcAttU Lecce COU COnscOCuMiMAnAntTUOAtUTERCURDUUURUOUUOOCOCONTOOOGHOORAUITOTIIITTCOTTOUTTUT e=eUUUUTTTIITTUUTITUULUULOIALLLOUOLEULLLLOCDLULCLUUOLOTLLUDUOOIELLOCUCOOLULLLOUOEAULUUUUOUELUOOUOAAELUUUOOUHOLOLUOOOMEOLULUOORDLEEOOOOALUTLOOOHOROUELOGAAUUCOOOTOUATUCEOANUOUOUOOTUINUOOOAAUIUUOOOHAUOUCOOMATH Le Profit in Guinea Pigs Breeding, Management, Varieties and Practical Knowledge of Cavies Han >, ieee A a ROBERTS,:D:V. M. Graduate Chicago Veterinary College Si Ae CRRA TNA Aenean A TR TM aT CM ETOH TUUTHHTUUNERHAUUULAUULULUOUAEREOULUUARCLUUOLORUREOUOMIARLOLUOOATUNDEOOAADIUUPARIOTUUOTANLUOUOOONEACUOOHOTIUOOOONRTIOUOOHOLINUOOOHINUOOORITIOOOOARIINUOOATTTIVOOGHHTIUUOOOTTINUUOOOTIIINNGOIONIO TUN) = Published and Copyrighted, 1922, by DR: J. A: ROBERTS, — ¥ @t.A659783_ Ct hh wy OUTTVTTTITUUULTLTTTLUTL LULL... LULL... CONTENTS Page _TOALIECSUGITGIST CNRS Sete eS Ga eRe eee ge 9 ETE CTE OSs 010) PS ae el Bey ae oe re PR eee ere 10 TERETE, SOLE USE pic ao ec RSS CP 13 Meamaopinemiason Cay 2-2. 205228 et feel Levee 13 emummiermetnese Of Cavies: 20.21 17 (LSPS TASIP TEN CYOYG AIR ees ue cy pees ACE ny OE Oe a Pi eae 20 remo TT Crete eo | Lea es als eee ee 25 Remattntmo ena wie Ss 23002) t iC ieee seat ee ee 29) “eB Guinpese “QUE (G25 gl RGR SE ls A ee ae eR RONEN nen 35 Pepe one nan lea bOrdtOty, (Cavies:. cet. ee hee 42 PMiITOnOn Ee G@aviCg ose kar ye ee Bin 45 Boome and Preparing for Exhibition.:...-:.-2.-.....ie ye 46 Wie enceaers, Association (Article):.:......-4..2-..-2 ee 48 Pamir Emo Gavdes. 6s ewe ae SE es ee 50 SRNR cite ese te 8 ee oe ee oe) Sh = aS Meamand Eur Production (Article)... oe AS Till PrgeenierenO row. (Caviles: 242. ccleaner 74 MeeinerenoOw. Cavies: (CATICIC) sce ses a). eee 81 Peenieaeencebncdustry (Article) 25 = ye ee 87 eanbaremaiacdn Cavies, (Article xg 5 eo sec ec sdedee etack teen 90 eereCOEINGESPiny (OT LITE) SOUT secence seo ones <22s- onceccsanenc sont nancecetieccdeccance 93 = CAVIARY AND STOCK BARN Formerly Owned by the Author. PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS A YTTVAVUVUUOTUONTUOAUOHUUATUOALOAUUOTOUANOVTEOTLUAVUATUOTUOAULATOORUORLOATUOAUOAUOAUOATUONLONUOAUOORUOUOUONUOOOUOTUUPIOOIUOIOOMUILILATLTELLUG UU MMMMLUOMUOAUMAULOOUOLEOUUALLOLUEULAUA LUGO UURCOUOAULG ECR CLA CU Introduction The subject of Cavies is one that has attracted world- wide attention, and there are many ideas advanced along different lines. We shall try and give you in plain words our opinions as to securing the best results and eiceess 1m taisine Cavies, and also pertaining’ to’ the ‘Cavy Industry. Cavies offer unlimited possibilities to the public, and as the cavy industry is practically in its infancy at the present time, there is a wonderful chance to get into the field when it is young and make considerable money, depending, of course, on the number and the quality of stock you start with and also regarding the increase, which is large, for cavies breed faster than any other animal. The raising of cavies is one of the most fascinating propositions known, and in order that this book may be accurate and complete as possible, I have not hesi- tated to approach various specialists; and in this connec- mom lam particularly indebted to the following gentle- men, all of whom are.up-to-date breeders of the modern omar. . Db: Wheeler. Secretary of the Western Gavy Mreeders Association; Mr; E. D. Corrin, President of the Western Cavy Breeders’ Association; Judge Lewis S. J. Griffin, Mr. E. G. Haberstroh, Cavy Experts; Otto MM. Ieockey [r., Southern :‘Cavy Expert and Chief judge; Chas: 5. Gibson, Organizer of the National Breeders’ and Fanciers’ Association, Inc. Nine PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS IHD TN VNU QUOOUTOTITDOTOAMOTAN 1000 LUELLA Cavies Cavies are small, but of great importance to us all, Some people contract diseases and hear the death call. Many have died in the past years who we knew, And you never can tell—the next may be you. Many died because science at that time did not find It could produce serums from cavies of every kind. Many a soldier and person who lives today Owe their lives to the cavy in just this way. Cavies have brought gladness to many a home, In cases of sickness—not only alone, But wealth they have brought to many breeders, And they will do the same for you, my dear readers. If you do not neglect them and will care for them well, Then you will have numerous cavies to sell, As they are easy to raise, the work not hard to do, And a thousand breeding sows can be cared for by you. Always select good stock when you start in to buy, Then the offspring will be strong and will seldom die. It pays any one when starting in to buy the best, Because this class of stock will always stand the test. No business in the world was built in one day, But time, patience and persistence will pave the way. Cavy raising I am sure you will enjoy, And no matter how many, they never annoy. It is not like raising poultry that you attend to a lot, And get up at night to see if the incubator is too hot, For the days may be cold and the wind may blow, But the cavies will bear young for a fact, you know. Ten PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS PTT TTT TTT TELAT TAUPO ULHOUET UGH TOA POO OAR MOM OMT CO EDA UAUOR LEO REROMUOAOOAOAUERAUOAUOAOOUUORUOALOAUUAAPORLOAUOAULONUOAUOAULOTUOIONROOVUOTVORUOOVOOTEONTOATUAIUOAUOATDOTI ems iail to lay if the weather is not right, But the cavies will have their young, even at night. The hen will earn one dollar in a year, perhaps two, But figure for yourself what the cavy will do. Get into a business that is young like this, Then there will be no chance for you to miss. You will share in the profits of the industry now, And be selling your stock at $5.00 per sow. ‘Join the Western Cavy Breeders’ Association, And they will give you all the necessary information As to promoting the cavy industry in the United States, Also the big shows held various places on certain dates. = py DR: | a ROR ERGs: WHITE PERUVIAN MALE Eleven ee 7) s , PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OTUVUUVORTUOATVONTOORTUVARUVORUUORTUGATUAATOOATURADATTUOTTURAUOAUUOACAAUCOACUOTUOATLOOTUOOREOATLORLUOALLOAUUOATUONUOAUONUUONUOOAUCONVOAREONRUOANPOATLOATUOAUVOATUOANUOATOATOONOUONTUONTOOTVOONTVONITONIUONTUGAT COTO Origin of Cavy UINE A PiGs are native to South Aimermca, in their wild state they are slightly smaller than our domestic ‘guinea pic and of an ugly,’erayish- brown color. Im the sixteenth century they were taken by the Spaniards into Europe, where they under- ‘went considerable change in the process of domestica- tion. However, they are still hunted in South America by the natives and are considered one of their best game foodss Uhey live around trees. and cliffs. Guinea pigs found in North America were mostly brought from Eu- rope. Previous to the arrival of Europeans on the West Coast of South America there were only a few domestic animals which could be used as food. The guinea pig mas one Of them, so you can see that fhe .cavies were of great importnce as a food supply. We are told that the igcdians had oreat numbers of cavies in and about their houses. It can be safely said that the general knowledge of the origin is very limited. he wade interest Shown in “cavies durme the war goes to show the value of these little animals. Guinea pigs played a very important part in our last war, and also previous wars. Many a wounded soldier owes his life to one of these little animals. DEVELOPMENT OF CAVY It has not been until late years that people have put forth great efforts to bring out the possibilities of the Vatiation of colors and setting aside a certain standard to work on. In,color, cavies were described as all white and all yellow. Thirteen PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS AUOOTUOHTUAVANUORNUATUSAUOATUATOODOATRATUOTUOATOOLOGTUGTVOATOOTUOTUOA OO UOILOAIUATUOTUODEAUUOTLOAUUATUOTOOLUAUUAPUOLUOOUMUUIUULUU UO OUHULIUUOTUO UU UUOUEERUUAUUOEUO LUO TLOLLOULEHUO POLLO PULL EO LPLLUDGD ULE VED. (RE, feJT® ZAAYAYAVAY AVA A VaAAVAVA AVA AVA AANA CHAS VAVAVAYAVAVAVAVAVAVAYAVAYAYAYA Upper Left—BLACK AND WHITE PERUVIAN FEMALE. Upper Right—BLACK PERUVIAN MALE. Lower Left—BLACK ABYSSINIAN. (Note Rosettes.) Lower Right—SILVER AGOUTI CHAMPION MALE. The Above Are Show Stock. The Short-Haired Breeds Are More Desirable for Laboratories. -PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OTTTOTTVOOHITIUOVITIUOOTINVUOHNTUCCOHRINUOORTIUOOOTIUOVIITUUGOTTIUOGATILOOHTITUGHAUUUUGRUUUUONIUUOUOIIUOGOULUOAILILUAIILUGILHILOARLUUOOLULUGLUUUOEAUULLARLUULGALLGLUGELLLCERLLLOALUULUGALLCLLGULLERALULLGALLLGGD A confusion of colors, lacking definition, adorned the coats of the old-time guinea pig. Today they are bred to a principle, reproduce faithfully, and, as year succeeds year, one sees the introduction and establishment of new, distinct, beautiful sub-varieties. Color is brilliant, deep, pure and charming; markings are brought to an established standard; coats in the smooth-haired varie- mes are Of a-short and silky nature, while in some of the self-colored varieties, such as blacks and reds, the color is carried right down to the toes, and even to the toe-nails. A standard of perfection in breeding exhibi- tion cavies today has become a science upon well- defined lines. Points in. shape are developed and bred with unerring accuracy; colors are purified and intensi- fied with success, astonishing even to specialists them- selves. The eye of the old-time guinea pig would contrast in size to that of the modern cavy almost as a pea to a.bean. -Again, there has been. wonderful devel- opment in the process of breeding for size, head proper- ties, and general contour. All round there are the same evidences of modernity and advancement in the animal itself. Standards of excellence are drawn up, shows held, and others encouraged by the gift of special prizes, and in a hundred and one ways the development of the cavy fancy has progressed. @ihere are varied, specimens of Gavies; some are smooth Haired, which are called the Buelish; medium, long haired, which are called Abyssinian, and the long haired, Witen are called the Peruvian, and come in many col- ors. Below you will find a classification of the Western Cavy. Breeders’ Association: Abyssinian—W hite. Abyssinian—Black. Abyssinian—Red. Abyssinian—Cream. moo Fifteen PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS AVVVTUOHVVRTUOHUOATUOTUOREOATUATUORUOHTOATUOTUOAVOADUOAUOHLOA OOO UOAVOVIUOVUODEOAUOODOTUOIUONVUOTUOLOAOUAOUOLOOAUOILOULOTUOAUOGUOOLUGULAUUOLUOLEAULOAUOOLOOTUOTEOHVUOIUOIUOUUAUUOLLLUCAUUOULOUUOLUUO MLO LUOA ULE LoL 5. Abyssinian—Golden Agouti. 6. Abyssinian—Broken colors. 7. English—White. 8. English—Black. 9, Englsh—Red. 10. Englsh—Cream. Il. English—Chocolate. 12. English—Tortoiseshell. 13. English—Tortoise and White. 14. English—Silver Agouti. 15. English—Golden Agouti. 16. English—Himalayans. 17. English—Dutch. 18. English—Blue. 19. English—Brindle. 20. English—Broken colors. 21. Peruvians—Black. 22. Peruvians-—White. 23. Peruvians-—Red. 24. Peruvians—Creams. 25. Peruvians—Broken colors. 26. Angora (Peruvian Silkies):. Miscellaneous. HAPPY AND CONTENTED Don’t Scratch, Bite or Burrow. Sixteen PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS AUVAUUNALUUOUUAHUOOUUORUUOALUOALOAUOALUGAUAAUUOAUUOHAUGALOGAUUOAUUOAUUGAAUOAUOGAUUOAUUORUUOAUUALUOARLGATLOOALOATUOAIUOAUUOAUEGAUUGA DOIN EOOAUCHALAAUOOTUERRUCOT POAT LOOILOAHOOATOATUOHTUOIICOAT ONION COMM TRH EEHTT Commercial Use of Cavies HE uses of cavies are many, and a classification of same would be: Laboratory uses, which is the largest; Food, which is becoming of more impor- tance each year, and Pur. Under the heading of Laboratory purposes would come the making up of the various serums and antitoxins to combat the various dis- eases, such as pneumonia, typhoid fever, scarlet fever, diphtheria, malarial diseases, camp fevers, and many PemmMicwiiac ate mot entirely perfected at the present time. DUTCH BELTED ENGLISH CAVIES Every city, village or town in the entire United States all use serums made from cavies to counteract the effect of the above mentioned diseases. During the war every soldier who went across, and many in this coun- try, received -frqgm 4 to 27 injections of serum. The laboratory use, therefore, is considered the largest and Seventecn PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OA TOOATTOAATORTVVAATOOAEOGRUNOTAUATUNARUOGTUOORVOOTUNATDNOTOOOOUOMANOTUOATOOAUOARUOARUOAAUGAA POAT UOOLUOAREGAUUORUUOAVOAUPAREOOUUAHIUORUUOAUUOTROGADUOREEORUUOATUOAUOAIUOAEOAAUOAUOATEOAIUOAUUOAUUOAUOARLORULH is Steadily increasing each year. “There are over ema teen hundred labteties. colleges and institutions in the United States that at certain times ot thempeamamae a great number of cavies. People are-ceoming to realize that’serums are the real means of overcoming many diseases, and the demand for same is becoming more pronounced each year. The United States: ‘(Government issues a Bulletin, putvour by the Agricultural Department, called” “Guiness or Cavies, Farmer Bulletin No. 525.” Amy Vonetmeeam secure a copy of this Bulletin by writing them. Until recently Guinea Pigs were raised only as) pers and to some extent for food. They do not bite or serateh as some cats and dogs do, and because of this gentle and harmless nature they have been, and are still, great favorite as pets forschildren. In the (past ewe eas however, it has been:discovered that Guinea eieseanre excellently adapted for experimental purposes in such work as testing and standardizing serums and anti- toxins, in medical research work and in certain tests for ascertamime thie presence ol “disease vermis. ABYSSINIAN, BROKEN COLORED Eighteen PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MTUVATOOTUOTUVATUOTUOATOALUOLUOAUUATUGTLOAVUAUUOUOAULAUUATUOAUOAULAVOOLUOTUOAUOATUOAUOTUMAUUOUOUOALUATUALUOLUGULUUGLUOFUOFUORUUALUOLUDUOALUGUUOUOUOUUAUAUGUOARUOLUG HUA MUALUOLGAUMAUCOAUOAOAULALLALEOA LEA CUA They are rapidly taking the place of white mice and rats for this purpose and the demand is rapidly increas- ing. ‘They are used daily in thousands of hospitals, lab- oratories and colleges. This big demand, which is so much greater than the supply, explains why this new industry has come into existence and why there is so much to be realized from the raising of these little ani- mals. As medical research advances and the manwutac- ture of serums and antitoxins increases, the demand for Guinea Pies will be enormous, and those who make a business of supplying this demand are sure to get good feturms for their imvestment. For example, we quote below a portion of an article published in a popular local newspaper recently: BLACK ENGLISH SOW Imported Nineteen PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS PPEVUUTUOTOTTAUALIATUATORUOALATVAUOAVATUOTUOVLGOAVORUONUOEAOAUOTOOVUOUOAVOAUOTUOVONUOAUO UOT UONLAUOAUOCHOGUAUAOOUOOUONUUOAEOIUOHIVEEINOOLOOUOUMOMUOAUORUOTUORUAUOOUOELOUATUIUELOUOUATOUOA OOOO OOUUOT HII GUINEA PIGS DIE THAT FILIPINO BABIES MAY LIVE Scientific Feeding Experiments to Determine Good Native Food from Bad. MANILA, P. I.—Fifty guinea pigs are in a special room in the Bureau of Science building in Manila feast- ing to their hearts’ content to teach a staff of food spe- clalists what Filipino diets are good and what ones are worthless. They constitute a part of the force working under the direction of Miss Hartlee Embrey, food chemist for the Rockefeller Foundation, who is here experimenting with food products in the Philippines in an effort to work out a balanced ration which will not cost the average Fili- pino-a price out of his reach: Part of the guinea pigs eat one diet, while others eae on another. Some of them are fat as guinea pigs can get, while others are skinny and still others are dying with scurvy.; The latter classes are martyfs “to ae cause. They are dying that Filipino babies may live. The effect of the foods under study on them will teach the food specialists, and through them the general pub- lic, that these foods are not to be eaten. CAVY AS FOOD There can be no doubt that once the general public becomes convinced of the suitability of the cavy for table purposes, a great impetus would be given to cavy breeding, as we all know, according to history, that cavies were the chief food of the Spaniards and that Europe has used the cavy as food for the last century. We have little doubt that before long no poultry show will be complete without classes for cavies. This is now largely an accomplished fact, and we have good Twenty PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OTUOOTOOVVOTUVATUATUGTVOATOOTURHUATUOAUOALUOTUGALOALUGLLOAUOAUOAUOATUORLUOUOATUOTLOAUOUUAUGT UO VOATOORUOUOUEMUATHRUMUL VERE CUUDUUALOOLEOMOUUAA UOMO UUALUUOLUOULORLO LUM UUPeR LUMPUR ELOLCOA CLA UUA COLL reasons to hope that at a time not far distant cavy, in some of its savory and delicious preparations, will be considered requisite in good menus. Many of the larg- est and finest hotels in the United States are now serv- ing cavies, prepared in various ways, and a great many eating places are substituting cavy legs for frog legs, for there is not one in a thousand-that can tell the difference. In this case they use the hind legs of the youne cavy which is about one month old. There are a few concerns that put them up in cans, which are Pabeled- Pork Cavy Soup.’ However, there are. numer- ous ways of canning them so as to give them a variety of flavors and adding veretables) to sult the taste, PREPARING THE CAVY.—The cavy can either be skinned, or simply scrape the hair off and prepare with tie sian on. It is rather difficult to scrape the hair off, ae they must be scalded in water of 180° F., and the hair scraped off with a knife; but this is difficult to do if the water 1s, too hot: When the hair is removed, open the. cavy and clean the same as a chicken or any other small animale it one does not care to clean these aninials piemtselyes, taey can take them to their butcher, who will kill and prepare them for cooking. We will give you a few recipes below which we are sure you will enjoy: “EXCELLENT CURRY.—Peel one Spanish onion, one small carrot; pare and core one large, rather sour, apple; mince these very fine and put them, with one ounce of butter, into an enameled stewpan; iry toa golden brown, dredge in a tablespoonful of flour and let them take a rather high color; add 34 pint of good stock, a pinch of celery seed, a small faggot of sweet herbs aud a piece of warlic no larger than a pea. Stew for three hours. A full-grown cavy having been prepared for cooking, cut it up into joints and rub them with a tablespoonful of curry powder. The powder should not Twenty-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS TT VTAVUTVOTAAWVGTLOUAAULANUOAUOAUOOALOAUOAUOAAUGALOAUOAUUORUOAUOAMOAUUOTUOAUOAOOAUOAUAAVUONUOAUOAROAUUOTUANLOAUUOLUONUOAOGUEATIUAANVONNLUGUAEONOATUHNONIOAVOMNIONEONVOOTUOTIVOTOOVIONIONTIGVLATINAONTNTITNTINTT be very hot. Stirsin the: gravy as a puree throuehee “coarse sieve, return it to the stewpan, add the cavy and curry powder, and salt to taste; bring it to a boil and immediately draw it back from the fire, letting it stew slowly, till the skin of the cavy is gelatinous and the flesh ‘parts-ireely from the bone. If the e@raygieemem thick, moisten with’a little stock: if too thin) fake our the cavy and boil down till it is of the right consistency. See that it is properly salted and serve in an entree dish, with rice boiled dry in another dish.” “The cavy makes an excellent white stock for veloute, white soup, etc.; for this purpose the cavies should be full-grown. It is needless to urge upon good cooks the MOTHER CAVY WITH YOUNG ONE DAY OLD Walue of a viand that will answer this purpose. A very nice, clear soup can be made by boiling down a couple of ‘large cavies, with vegetables, to a consomme, and serving in it the prime joints of one or two delicate young cavies which have been thoroughly stewed. Twenty-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MYVTVOVTUNATUONUOATLUOTTUOTUGNNOATLOATUOATUOAUONTVOATOLOTOUAUOTOUOHOUOAUUOHIUAUUOUUAAUOONUUARLOAALOAUUOAUUOAUDIRUUOUMAUUOLUCAUULOAULOAUOAPUUOUUOAUULAUUOURAULOAUUOUEOAUMORUOAAMORUOOAUCAUMALUOO COA COA COA Cavy makes excellent pie, either to be eaten hot or cold, Pieeshould be stewed before being put into the pie, unless the pie be of the old English kind, with a short crust, and is baked a long time in a slow oven. In boiled pudding it is also very good. The pudding should be well boiled.” “CAVY AUX FINES HERBES.—TVake a full-grown and fat hog cavy, killed, scalded and cleaned as pre- mioushy described. Blanch it m one pint of boiling MWiaduer, cut it into joints; make the water thick with a white roux of butter and flour. Put it over the fire in a moderate-sized stewpan; stir till thick and quite smooth; add one tablespoonful of parsley and one of green onions or chives, chopped small, and pepper and salt to taste; stew the cavy in this for two hours, or until it is per- iecupyerender. If a pint of stock be used instead of the water, this dish will be much improved; thicken with the yolk of an egg, and serve.” TORTOISE AND WHITE MALE CAVY “BROWN SOUP.—Place a large, fat cavy in two quarts of water, with vegetables; a middling-sized onion, Twenty-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UTUATVTOTUATUGLUATOAAUUOAUOLUOUOAUOAUOUOUOOUOAUOUGHORLUALOAUOTOOUGUOAUOAUOUOUOAVORUOMUALEMMEAEOAUAVOAUOTUOUAVOAUOAVONUOALAOALOTLOVONVONUONONLONEOSONONNONTOAENIOOTONTONTONTONENOAION VON ENTONTONTONTONTONNT NN cut into rings and fried brown; pepper and salt to taste; a small blade of mace and two teaspoonfuls of mush- room ketchup. Stew for four or five houvs over a brisk fire, keeping the quantity of soup up to two quarts by adding boiling water occasionally. Strain the stock through a wire sieve, and thicken it with a brown roux. Have ready the best joints of two small cavies. Stew these very gently in the thickened stock until quite tender. The flavor may have diminished in the long cooking and some more seasoning may be required. Serve very hot, with tried toast, cut in dice; FRIED CAVY.—Wash and cut up a young cavy, season with salt and pepper, dredge with flour, or dip each piece in beaten ege and then in cracker erummocy Put in a frying pan one ounce each of butter and sweet lard made boiling hot. Lay in the cavy and fry brown on both sides, “Take up, drain it and -setVasidiewimeee covered dish. Stir into the gravy left, if not too much, @mestioie spoon flour, make it smooth, add a cup of richpuiiliees cream, season with salt and pepper, boil up, amd em@es pour over cavy or serve,separately, as ‘desired, seme like chopped parsley added to the gravy. CAVY EN CASSEROLE.—1 tender cavy, % cup Crisco, salt and pepper, | cup hot water; | cup memewec: milk or cream, 2 cups chopped mushrooms, | tablespoon chopped parsley. Clean and skin cavy. Either cut up or split and lay in casserole. Spread over with Crisco, dust with salt and pepper, add hot water, cover closely and cook in hot oven about 45 minutes, or until done. When nearly ten- der, put in rich milk or cream, mushrooms and parsley. Cover again and cook about 20 minutes longer. Serve hot in the casserole. Oysters are sometimes substituted for mushrooms and will be found to impart a pleasing flavor. Twenty-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS NTUGNUOVTUATIVAUOTOOLVATCONTOALOQAUOIELATLOALUNUOOTUOTLOAOATUORUOTLUAUUOTOOEOAUOATUATENIUOGEEATUOTUOALONPONTUOAUOAUORIUOUOLUOHUOUUOAUOUUARLAUUOLUGUUAEUOLUGLUOAUUAUUGUOAULSUUOUUGAUUAELAUUOEOOAUEAOLOO LOREAL FRICASEE OF CAVY.—Prepare and cut up as for fried cavy. Put in sauce pan with just enough boiling feier to cover; adda teaspoon of salt, a’ little pepper, and, if desired, a teaspoon of onion juice. Boil slowly until tender; add a little water from time to time as it boils away. Thicken with a tablespoon of flour mixed with a little milk or cream, and add a tablespoon of finely chopped parsley. Serve plain, or with border of hot boiled rice or dumplings. STEWED CAVY.—Melt 4 tablespoons Crisco or lard in saucepan; joint cavy and fry quickly in hot grease, then fry 1 sliced onion until browned, stir in De table- spoons flour and brown flour; now add gradually 2 cups water and stir until smooth. When boiling add salt, Pepper and paprika to taste, and 2 tablespoons chopped Patcley; simmer slowly 134 hours. Dish and _ strain over gravy. CAVIES FOR FUR Pig tut is, beine used at the present time, but not extensively, by a number of fur factories that substitute it for various kinds of fur. We believe that some time, without a doubt, there will be a season for the cavy fur, depending, of course, on the codperation of the various Gay spreeders throughout the United States, as there is no animal known that you can get the variation of colors from as you can from the guinea pig, or cavy The public at this age is looking for effective colors, and coats and furs made from the cavy skins are unusu- ally attractive. We have a lot of breeders report to us that they have made automobile robes, gloves, scarfs, coats and numerous articles from cavy fur. It is beau- tiful and soft and glossy. The cavy breeders through- out the United States are turning more to the fur market than im previous years, and many of them report fur companies writing them for cavy furs in large quantities. Twenty-five PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MEUULULUULALLOLAULAUULOOLOOGMeLeULLUCOLULUUOLULDLOLLUDOOUULLULAUOCOOOOOOUOOOOUOOOOCOOUUUOOUUUOUUUOUEONLEQUODEOOLOUUUAHTOOOOOEOOOOOOUOOOPOOUOTOOONUMNOOODNTUTONUMOOONOOOOOOOOOUOOOOUTTONNUUNTIMTITTTTTTTTTT MRS. J. A. ROBERTS KNOWN AS REEKA ROBERTS ON THE SCREEN. YOU HAVE SEEN HER IN THE MOVIES. AND COAT MADE FROM CAVY SKINS. PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS CUONTUUATUOTTOATUATTOATUAUOATUGUOAUUGUGUMATUORUGUAAUUAALOUOAUCALOAUOAUOAUOOLOAUOAMAALUOLEOOUOALUOLUOLUMAUUATUORUOLUOAUOATUOUOAUUHOOGTESUOLOALLOOUOROOAUUGUOLEMAUOORUARUOAUOAUGUOAUOAULOUUOA OA UOAUOGAODHY OHI Personally, I believe the only drawback on the fur peepoesition at the present time is due to the fact that factories require the fur in such large quantities, and tere is no one who can supply them, as most of the Eavdes fire beinoe used for laboratory purposes. The laboratories pay more for cavies than you can realize eo the tur at the present time. Cavies, when they are used in laboratories in stan- dardizing serums, develop a high fever and temperature, which causes the hair to fall out, and for that reason MRS. CHAS. S. GIBSON Writer, Lecturer and Judge of Fur the fur cannot be used after the laboratory tests. Any business in the world depends on supply and demand. If the cavy breeders would codperate and devote their time to advertising and talking the fur proposition, no Twenty-seven PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS TTT TATU TETTETTATHATOTA TOTO TTA OO EGU TUTTO OOOO LO OOOO ERROR OLA UOUOAMOOUOAUOTUUOAUOLUOLOUUAUMCLUOAUOUUOUUUUUOUOTUOTOMOU POCO UU IEUUUMUUM URL LPO OEE doubt it would bring wonderful returns. The Western Cavy Breeders’ Association, with headquarters at Colo- rado Springs, which has members throughout the entire United States, is doing a great deal in promote ine cavy—ior food and fur. The cavy industry iseaems important thing in the United States at the present time and can be made more so by the co-operation of breed- ers. Therefore, I personally believe, you will be ‘well paid for joining the above association and give a helping hand to the possibilities in this wonderful industry. RED ENGLISH CHAMPION MALE Twenty-eight PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS DUUTUIUVATIONOTIIVONTUUOOAIVONIICOOHIIUONIIUOONILUOHTICOATIUOATILOGTOLOGARLOOAUUOGHNLONHROUOAATUOATTUONTIUUATLUORTIUERRILEOAUUUAALUGULUOAMOCOAUUUGALUCGALUCGALUCGARLUGAAUUOGUUUAUUUGALUUGRLULGAA LLCO LUORA CEE UCG HL Housing of Cavies GREAT many ideas have been advanced along the lines of coops and hutches for cavies. How- ever, | would advise all intending to raise cavies to provide themselves with good hutches that will be serviceable and handy in caring for their stock, as any kind of a hutch will not do. If you expect to be- come a successful breeder and exhibitor of cavies, you should have good housing facilities for raising. We do not recommend outdoor hutches for cavies. It is better to have a small shed, garage, or some means of protection that is not draughty. However, if you have no other place to keep them than outside, we would suggest that you have your hutches built against a wall, so that they will have protection against draughts. Hutches should be built at least ten inches off the eround, and have a roof over them. Outside hutches should have a roof projecting about two feet in front of the hutches, so that in damp or wet weather the feed- ing and cleaning out arrangements may be handled with the least amount of inconvenience and discomfort. Cavies should also be protected from cats, dogs, rats, Or any animal that will injure or destroy them. The floor of your indoor houses can have a dirt or concrete floor—it does not matter. Many poultrymen throughout the country convert their poultry houses into caviaries, building, of course, their hutches on the side that they will get the sunlight. People should use their own judgment in regard to this situation. We believe that the best method as to housing is as follows: Build your hutches 2 feet wide Twenty-nine PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS PTTVCOTIUVATICGUI LOOT COOATCONIIVOGTIVGONIVOONIUUOTICOOTICOONTUONATLOGIICONTVUONIUUOATOVGNITOOIIUOEYTOOOTIVONNIVUAUHORIUONUULATILOALUEIAFUUUATAUOOAOTONOOUOTOVONNEOURTIVUOTODONIILIOITUOANUUDONILUOLIOONI IODA ILDHDL by 4 feet long, using 1”x3” material. In these spaces -of 2’x4’ you should have two trays, each tray being two feet square. These trays should have side walls of three inches. You will note that the 1”x3” material is also used for these trays. The bottom of your trays should be built out of redwood or any light box lumber 58 inch thick. Between one hutch and the other you should use % inch square netting wire, which you can purchase at almost any hardware store, or screening will answer the same purpose; however, you should not use l-inch poultry netting, for this is too large a mesh and the young pigs will crawl through. You can build’ as many runs of hutchesmaseeam have space for and you can have them five hutches high, and this will be convenient in caring for trem, for the top hutch will be five feet six inches from the floor. The space between one hutch and the one above can be 9 inches, 10 inches, or a foot, depending on the person who builds them. It is not necessary to have any small boxes) in the corner of your hutches for cavies to have young in, as is necessary for rabbits, as cavies would crowd into them, causing death of the young. Cavies, when tney have young, select a corner of the hutch and the others will not interfere with them. This space of hutch, as mentioned aboyemie2 aan is capable of handling 4 females and 1 male, or 5 females andy le aa le: When it is necessary to clean your hutches, which should be done about once a week, you will note that by having the two trays in the space that the cavies will pass from one tray to the other, so that you can draw it out as you would a bureau drawer and dump the contents into a barrel, or whatever method you use in cleaning the hutches. This method of housing makes Thirty PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS HPSITVVVVTTVVORTVVOATUORRVURATVUGHIUVGTGUARATOGAUUCHAUUOGATOOATOUOGTVUSATTOOATOCOATOUOATLOGATLORATIVOAIIOGATUCOATOUOIIVUGNLOERAEOUOTEDOOLEDORLUUUALIDOOTObALOGHOUOOUOMAOUONATUUGAT OOOH LOOOAUUUGALOUO OOO LOO HL NOTE HOW HUTCHES ARE BUILT This is one of the best housing facilities. cavy raising no burden as to cleaning hutches. If you want to make two tiers'of hutches together, you can use some wire as mentioned above between them. That is, for instance, a building 16’x30’ long could have a Thirty-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS VVTONAUATUATUATOUOAUORUGLOAUATONUOTOGTLOTONUODLOVUOVUGVOANOILOVOOVOAVOAUOAUOUOTUIUNIUOTUOTUIVOMMOLOMEMIULUCUI UME TOLD ITOLUUUICHERIUO UO IORUIY ORICA LOTOMEEOO UH UOA UO LITO UOUORUALUO ULE COLA UHV OLUOA UDI double row of hutches in the center, and a building this size should be capable of housing one thousand breeders. You can, if convenient, have @ little sunliehtter time young pigs, for any animal puts on rapid growth when they have access to the sun. However, by this we do not mean that cavies should have no protection from the direct or intense rays of the sun. LANCIA WAN \ ii) ——— el i 7 | THIS HUTCH WILL HOLD 45 CAVIES—4 FEMALES AND 1 MALE IN EACH COMPARTMENT Cavies naturally are afraid of falling. While some people do not use any doors or screen in front of their hutches, this is entirely up to the breeder. If you think your cavies will form a habit of jumping out of their hutches, then it is better to use coverings in the front. We will, however, quote the United States Govern- ment’s bulletin on “Hutches and Pens”: “Two methods of managing guinea pigs have been advocated—courts and hutches. In court management the animals are kept in open or covered courts in which they have considerable room to exercise. The courts are divided into smaller runs, each of which has its own Thirty-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OUVTHUOTIUONTONTOGTUUORUUVRUOHTUUOTIUOTIUOAVUOAUONVUOAUUNIVUOLOGTUUHAOOALUGAUOATUOAAUOAUOTLUONUUOAUUOMIUOLUUOREUOUUOUOAUUOALULALLOAUUOVAUGALLETUUGAULOAULOAUUOAUUGLUCOLULOALUGAULOAOLSR COA ULOALUOACOA LUG CORI LE iutehes or sleeping shelters. The size of the runs is governed by the number of animals to be kept in them. A run 6’x10’ would accommodate 30 to 50 guinea pigs. In a warm climate court management has certain advan- tages. It entails less labor in feeding and cleaning than | required under hutch management. However, for most parts of the United States indoor hutch manage- ment is the only plan that can be recommended. In cold weather artificial heat should be supplied. In fact, guinea pigs do best when the temperature is not allowed to fall much below 65° F. It is true that they are often kept in outdoor hutches in winter, and that huddled together in warm nests and well fed they survive the low temperatures, but such management cannot be rec- ommended. The animals do not thrive well under it, and there is a great danger of serious losses of the young through pneumonia. They should not be subjected to sudden changes of temperature or to dampness. Guinea pigs require about the same kind of accom- modations as rabbits. The same hutches would answer, but they may be smaller for guinea pigs. Those used by the Bureau of Animal Industry are about 20 inches Mide atthe front,.334 feet deep, and 18 inches high. These accommodate a male, three or four breeding females, and their progeny until weaned. The compound hutch is suitable for producing cavies on a commercial scale. Each compartment is 30 inches deep by 36 inches long and has a floor space sufficient for five or six breed- ing females with their litters. The number of compart- ments in a compound hutch may vary more or less, according to the requirements of the breeder. The net- ting used on the large doors may be galvanized sand screen or poultry netting having a mesh not greater than three-fourths of an inch. In tiered hutches of this sort there should always be enough absorbent bedding to keep the floors dry. Cheaper hutches may be made of packing boxes laid on the side and fitted with a door in Thirty-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MTUOMTUVOAUNATCOAUOAALOOTUVOAUOOTUCOTIOAULVOTIOGNIOOTOATVOATUOATLOATUOVUOATLOATUOAUUGHVUOAEOAOUOALOAUUOAOUONUOAAUUOTUCOAEOOUHLONUOONUUGAUOON OOO ULOAUEAUUOAUEOAUUOALOAOLEMUUOAUUGAUUOANUAAMEOAU COA UOAUOAT UGH LOADD front, which would answer every requirement, but if many of the animals are to be raised in a limited space it is desirable to have hutches of uniform size. “A shelf about 4 inches high is recommended for the darker part of each hutch. The space under the shelf is a convenient retreat for females that have young, while the shelf itself is nearly always chosen by the animals as a sleeping place. “Another convenient and cheap plan for indoor runs, is an arrangement of two decks, of five runs each, the floor of the upper being about 4 feet above that of the lower. The space between the decks is open and ume walls of the runs are made of boards a foot wide. Each run is 5 feet long and from Z0 inches to 2 feet ini widia WORLD’S CHAMPION PERUVIAN Owned and Exhibited by Roberts’ Laboratories Thirty-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MUVVTNOTUOVNVATVOTVVATOOVUUOTUOTUNATUOTUOTUOAIVGNUONVONIVONLOTVOANONNUGRUOAUOANUATUORUOAOATUOTUOAUOAIUOVUONUONULAULONURTUOOUUATHOAUOALOALOAHUONUOMMORITONLOTVOAOOTUOTOONLOOTOOTIORUOGUGTLONLONONITONTNALONTUON UH UHH Feeding of Cavies HE feeding of guinea pigs is a very simple matter. Their main food is good, dry hay or grass, and their green food consists of any kind of fad that is not harmful, such as alfalfa, barley, carrots, lettuce and cauliflower, etc. However, the green stuff should not be fed immediately after cutting. It should be al- lowed to wilt for about an hour or two before feeding. You should feed cavies the amount of green stuff that they can eat in about 20 minutes in the morning and 20 minutes in the evening. Green food should not be al- lowed to stay in their hutches at all times. This is where a lot of people make mistakes, by crowding green food into the hutches, which causes them to Wecrme damp, and is also a wasting of food. We recommend feeding cavies green food twice a day. For example, morning and evening, and at noon give them a handful of hese 3ran should be kept heroees the cavies at all times. We recommend bran because it is a very cheap food and is a wonderful laxative and keeps cavies in a very healthy condition. We do not recommend watering cavies when you are feeding them green food, as all green stuff contains about 95% water, and this is sufficient to take care of their needs. However, if you are feeding dry food entirely, then you should have water before your cavies at all times, except in cold weather, as explained in the following chapter. The city raiser can most always get lots of green stuff that the commission houses throw away. Stale bread is also very good food for cavies. We are, however, listing a classification of the various foods which will be of value to you as to the different varieties of food for the cavy: Thirty-five PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MTTVITOVTETTTOVTOTIVATTATOOTTOTTUVTONTVOVTOVIONTONTOVONIOATNGUVOVIOVVONTOGVIOVONIUOTIOTIONTONTUONLONUOARUOIOTOOAUUOUOTOOVEIVUSOVTULUUGTDCELECOA LALLA ELOUORELA UG TLOTLOAOAVOGUEERLOAUOOLUMULLEOAI EO UOA LDL GREEN FOODS.-— Lawn clippings, alfalfa (green), clover (green), lettuce, dandelions, carrots, celery tops or stalks, corn (green) or stalks, mangels, spinach, ap- ples, cauliflower, weeds, kale, barley (green), etc. De not feed green stuff too wet. DRY FOODS.—Timothy hay, oat hay, clover, alfalia, oats, bran, corn leaves, rolled barley, rolled oats, dry bread. Might add, however, that green clover and alfalfa during the summer, when you can get it, is wonderful food for cavies. WATERING CAVIES The watering of the cavy is entirely up to the breeder. If you believe that your cavies will do better with water, try it out for a short time, especially if you are feeding SILK EYE WHITE PERUVIANS Winners Where Ever Shown Thirty-six PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS TUUUVTUUUVHUUOHAVUOHAUUOHRUCOGRLUUONRUULATULUOAILOGTLUUORULOORUUOMRUOGALOOTUUOORUCORRILOGALULOTLOOAUHIONVOOAUUGHLOUOAUOOOAAUOOTILUGAPLOOAIVUGILLUGALOUORUUOGLLUURAUOUOAUDUOAULUGAULUOAULLOLOGOULUALULUARULLORULL them a considerable amount of dry food. Most authort- ties are about equally divided as to giving and not giving water. In the summer time, during the hot weather, we believe that stock will do better with water. However, in the colder weather cavies are apt to get their noses wet and thus sometimes cause colds, which perhaps will terminate in pneumonia: However, as stated above, we would suggest that you use your own judgment. In shipping the cavy, never place water in the ship- ping boxes. BREEDING OF CAVIES Show Stock. This subject should not be confused with the breeding on laboratory stock, for the reason that show stock should not be bred as often as laboratory stock. iGesration period of the cavy is 65 days; but it may Vary a couple of days either way. You should. mate your stock up in pens of four females and a male. Select the best specimens and watch which sows produce the best youngsters. In show stock you want less young, but good, hardy ones. Do likewise with the boars, find out your best boars that produce the best offspring. Sometimes a sow will breed winners to one boar and cavies of no merit whatever to another. There- fore, never part with a good sow until you have tested her with two or three boars. Do not dispose of a boar that shows results in breed- ing color, size and shape, but select his male offspring and try to get the same results on the young stock. However, do not breed the young boars until they are six to eight months old, and have them in condition when you mate the stock. The condition is very impor- Thirty-seven PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS Se TLL LEELA MUTT BLACK PERUVIAN MALE PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS PTUUVTTUOGATIUOVTICATTU COATT CUHIAUGARUUOVIIUGAALUGATULOMITUOATIUOOILOORUOGATUUONIUUOADIUOORULOARIUOTTULOGALOUARLUOAEOOATULOALUUOAUUGHAUUOAAUGUHAUCOIPLOMHLUGAAUUUACOMOLOOALUUOAUOUGAUOATUORA LOA LCA UUM LULEA tant in show cavies at all times, and feeding has a lot to do in regard to making a success in breeding stock. As to breeding age, avoid mating sows too early— six to eight months being ample time. Try and mate your sows to older boars. Some breeders let the male run with the females only about ten days, while some Breeders leave the male with the females at all times. Do not breed two cavies that have the same faults. BREEDING FOR COLORS.—Breed two cavies that have nearly the same marking if you wish stock to be of same color. Select your color markings and have a standard to go by and select your young accordingly, until you have your strains well developed in size, shape and markings. BREEDING OF ABYSSINIAN CAVIES. — In this particular breed you should be very careful in selecting your male pigs, for the reason that they should be as near perfect as possible and their coats should be thickly covered with rosettes. You should breed the best qual- ity females and also select your females with the most rosettes, as quality is bound to show in the breeding Nutech, as well as the exhibition pens. You should try and select your foundation stock from breeders who have a reputation on this class of stock. It does not pay to buy them wherever you chose, as you should know their breeding qualifications. If you purchase faulty stock it will take Wears co omercome tue defects. A’ FEW GENERAL HINTS.—It is not well to handle your sows when they are heavy or around litter- ing time, and in breeding show stock it is better to just Breca i1wo, of mot more than three litters per year. Breeding show stock four or five times a year does not produce big, strong, healthy youngsters. In breeding this stock your aim is to produce size and conformation. Do not use your male cavies too much. A person wish- Thirty-nine PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS THTTATUUQVHTTTTUUOVRTINCUOQOHTTIVOUOGATITIGUOTATINVONOOATEIVUCOHANTIUOCOQONTOUUOQONITCUUOOHIAEULOOUONILUILUONOAUCLLOOOTATUUUOOOOHAOLUULUGHHAOUVOLOGHAALILOUOSHOOUUOLOGTAALIDOUOUAALUPOUUOOALLUUUOUOAALUUUUUOHOLULOOGDa RIBBONS FROM THE PANAMA-PACIFIC EXPOSITION PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UUUUVTTHEUUUORTHUUTCSTAEDUNARUUUUAROALEUUAALUUUGARLULOORULOGARUCLOORLUULAAAAMUOGOAAUUOORECOUONLUUGGARUEOATUUGOATCLOGHARUUGONERCOGAUEUOGGAALOCGHAUUOOAUUUGRROLOOAARUOOOAUECUOAAUUUCOATALOGOAIUOOAAIUGGNIUUOGATO LU UO ing to enter into the breeding of show stock should not beim too great a hurry, as it takes a great deal of time and patience. Many tfaisers, as I have stated before, leave their females all together; that is, four females and one male imeaepen, while they have their young. This is not a good thing to do regarding this class of stock, but when you find a sow is getting heavy and near littering time, it is well that you separate her and place her in a pen by herself. However, I am not against sows littering together if you haven’t sufficient room. If a sow has more than three young, select the poor- est stock and place them with another mother cavy. However, there are a great many ways in developing show stock; for instance, if you have a litter of cavics born and there is one or two of them that you are expecting to enter into a show and that you want to get considerable growth on them, it is well that you leave only two of the youngsters with the mother, so that they will receive more nourishment and grow faster. Always feed your sows extra food when they have young and give them considerable attention and plenty of nice, clean bedding. Young sows may be kept together and also adult sows when not in breeding pens, but you should part the boars when they are six weeks old, putting them in separate pens until they are about six months old, or older, and ready for breeding. Another very important thing is not to get your brood sows too fat, and do not overcrowd your stock at any time. If you have some stock that you know is Al and you are pretty sure no one can beat you, it would be well for you to save them for show purposes yourself, as it will give you considerable publicity and prestige that will enable you to receive high prices for your stock. If you have prospective purchasers around trying to buy your stock, do not be too anxious to sell. In sell- Forty-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS TUOOUTUUOATROOATVOOATVTOAHORGHPUOGHTTUARATOGTOUORIOUTHVRALICGATTOGAUTUOOTOLOATIOOALIVORAUUGATOOORTOUOTIOUOTIUUGTULTOAUUONTOLORIUUUATUCLOTUUOATCUOTULUGTROCOTICOONOUOGIUUOOITUOIUUNAIUUOMIUUALUULLLLLGAULLGALULGRLLLoa ing cavies it requires considerable salesmanship; how- ever, as stated above, do not be too anxious to sell; and whenever you do sell, do not consider that the cavy is your only object, but that you are also selling satis- faction. BREEDING LABORATORY CAVIES. — This is entirely different from breeding show stock, as you do not have to take as much pains and be as careful in your selection and mating of stock. We do not mean by this, however, that you sien id neglect them, for to be a suc- cessful raiser and breeder it is necessary that you devote time and patience with any live stock. Gestation period, as stated before, is sixty-five days, and cavies will breed immediately after having young; but it is better to let them wait a week or two weeks before breeding them, and young cavies are weaned at three weeks old. When you remove them from the pens they should be segregated according to sex, placing the males in one pen and the females in another. However, you should keep track of vour different breedings so that you will not be confused in regard to the time you will be ready to mate up new pens of young breeding stock. However, you can breed laboratory stock any way you wish, except brother and sister. Breeding sire to offspring is line breeding, and some of the best stock in the country has been produced this way. The great- est strain of: cattle in the country years ago was pro- duced in this manner by Thomas Bates, the great short- horn breeder of England. Mating laboratory stock is similar to show stock— four females and one male. However, the laboratory stock you should leave together at all times, and with your hutches four feet high and two feet wide there is ample space for the four Females to have young at the same time. Furthermore, it is a very good plan to have Forty-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UUOOOATICOVATINUOOHATIEVCQTIVVONTTIGOOHRIUOOAIRUOONIUOOUATUUOAHICUUNATIVCGEUTUGHTLOUIVITIUUUTHLUGATIRIOGHIUOGHATUOOATIUUOHRLICOOALOUONAUUUUGAUUUOLITLLUGHUCOGAULCOGLLIUOGEUUOGAULOGEAUULUGRULLUGALLCUGELUGOG them all litter about the same time, as some females will have more young than others, and the cavy mothers will nurse each other’s young; it does not matter. If you should happen to have a sow die a short time after littering, you can always save the young if you have another female that is nursing. Laboratory stock breed at two months of age; therefore, you can mate up your younger breeding stock at two months, but it is better to mate them with an older male, as this will produce more females to the litter, and as per records we have kept on a great number of breeders, they have produced 60% to /0O% more females than males to litters, and, con- sequently, the females are worth more than males on account of breeding purposes. Laboratories throughout the country would just as soon have males for labora- tory use as females, and in marketing your stock to the large laboratories it is necessary that you become a large raiser, so that you can supply. them a certain number each week, or unless you are raising stock for a concern that do handle the laboratory trade. A great many of RIBBONS WON BY CAVIES Exhibited by E. D. Wheeler Forty-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UUUTTTETUMUTAUTUGTATUTHRCTTUUGTUURT LEGER UOOAUCOALUCOAA OCGA OOOAUPOAIUCOATUGOARUUOAULLOAUUUOAUDORACOGAUOAOLONOUOLOMTOULNOUUOAOOLOAUUNNTUOANULONAOUUNALUOOTILUGALUOONULOOAUUONAUOGAI LOOT UUOATUUONN LOAN LONI the smaller laboratories throughout the country use a few cavies each week. However, one of these labora- tories you could cater to nicely on a small scale. There are numerous concerns in the country that give out con- tracts to raisers that a great many raisers are connected with, and this assures them a market for their stock. Color markings do not make any difference in regard to laboratory stock, and the smooth English cavies are the tones tat are Used tor this purpose. You should be sure when purchasing your foundation cavies that they are not the offspring of undesirable stock, as a great many small laboratories do not take precautions in destroying cavies after they have used them for serum purposes and sell them outside, and this stock is of no use to any one or any laboratory, and they do not breed and thrive as they should) because their blood is affected with. whatever serum antitoxin they were inoculated with. Forty-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS Fe rrr TTTTTTTTTTTEURTUUUUULEOTHTATAUCUUUGUUOHHATUUUUCCUUOUOONOOOOOTLOLUOUOGOOOANTOTATNOOOOOOOOHOOIAUUOOUEGUOOTOTATINUUUOOOOOTTITLUUTUUUUOTOGHAHTIINTTOTUOTOTOHATTIITTNTCUOTTTTTTIIT Exhibition of Cavies REAT care should be taken in selecting your stock for the show. Many successful breeders make their plans from the very day they enter into breeding cavies for show purposes. That is - to say, they start at the earliest possible moment in pro- ducing cavies for type, size and color. In exhibiting smooth cavies, you should have as much gloss as possible on the animal’ s coat. - i you can eet your cavies to drink a little milk each day, this will help them greatly in producing glossy covering. The cavies must be sound and in perfect health, or it will disqualify their appearing. When you havea litter of young cav- ies that you wish to keep for show purposes, take out the smallest stock, or all except those that you figure on entering in the show. This will enable the stock to grow much faster and get more nourishment. Let this young stock run with the mother for a month or: six weeks. When these youngsters reach two months of age they should be taken away and placed in a pen where they can have a lot of exercise. One of the features in showing cavies is steadiness; however, some stock is very wild and hard to-handle. This makes it bad to judge them, and a judge cannot judge their merits properly. This condition arises because the breeder did not handle his stock sufficiently before exhibition. Caused by drafts and catching cold, which wmeets the muscles of the meck, causing the muscles which is affected most to give the neck a curved appear- gece. some animals recover from this. Although their neck is turned, they make very good breeders. Treatment: Massage the neck of the animal with any good liniment and give three drops of sweet spirits of nitre night and morning. This generally relieves them and often cures. Watery Eyes. Symptoms: Watery discharge from the eyes and sometimes from the nostrils, caused by a cold and sometimes the ammonia given off from unclean hutches. If caused from colds follow the same treatment as for colds and pneumonia. Paralysis. Symptoms: Hind quarters drag, weak backs, lower extremities of cavy immovable. Fifty-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS ; MTUOHUOATUOTUVAUOATOGRUOALOATUOTUGAUOATUGTLOAUNTOOTLOAUOOTOOIOAUOATONUODVONDUNTUONUOUUOAUONUOVOAIUOUOURAUUATUOPOIUACUOUUAIUUM OU ELMOOLUUALUAEDUUO UL LUOA TULUM IUO LUAU OAC UOMO OLCOTT DDDD Caused from feeding too much alfalfa or overfeeding them with green food; also damp hutches. Treatment: Give cavy 20 drops of sweet spirits of nitre twice a day. Rub the limbs and loin with some good liniment. Feed carefully for a few days and they will generally recover. Abscesses. Symptoms: Bunches form around the throat of the cavy, or perhaps on its back. This is caused by. an.overheated condition ‘of the blood affecting the glands. Treatment: When the abscess is ripe and in a softened condition, clip the hair from around same and lance the abscess with a knife. Squeeze out the pus and wash sur- rounding parts with a good disinfectant and use a piece of cotton on a match dipped in iodine and swab cavity thoroughly. You can prevent these abscesses by feeding a sulphur tonic to your cavies. Premature Birth. Cavies born dead or born so weak that they do not live long. Sometimes the mother cavy may die also. This is most always caused by too much handling, by fright, falling, over-fatness or physical weakness. Treatment: Watch your cavies when they become heavy and ready to have young. If they are too crowded in the hutches, separate them. If you think they are too fat, cut down on the feed. Above all, do not handle your cavies when they are heavy. If you want to separate them from one hutch to another, you should have the cavies walk onto a tray and move tray and all to the new quarters. Lice. Symptoms: Animals become thin, do not seem to eat, scratch themselves considerably ; hair sometimes stands up and the cavy has sort of a dull appearance. Always look your cavy over about once or twice a month Fifty-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS DUTUTTTVVATTTITIUUUUOOOVTTTTTINTUUUUUVOVHTTTTTLCUUUUUOVITTUUIUIUUOUOUHTTIUUIUUUUOOOIONIUUUTTUUUUOTTIIUUITULHOOTIILLLLILLLUULAEELLLLLULLLCGOLUOLLELLLCLLLUGLCLLLLLLGLLLeGEEERLLCLLLLCEAMeLLLLLELLLLLeeeeLLLLLLL Loo for nits and lice, for these pests hinder the growth and breeding of stock and keep them in a poor condition, Treatment: If the weather is warm, it is well that you dip them, and you can generally get an animal dip that is prepared especially for this, as per directions from the manufacturer. You can dip the entire animal in the fluid and place them in the sun where it is warm so that they will dry rapidly, or near a stove if you wish. Dipping cavies is really the sure way of destroying lice. How- ever, if the weather is too cold for dipping, then use a good lice powder and dust same into the hair of the cavy and about the hutch. Do not be afraid of using too much. Diarrhoea. Symptoms: Animal discharges watery substance and gradually gets thin and will not eat, caused by too much green food, mouldy and half-cured hay. A sudden change of food is usually the cause. Treatment: Give them plenty of good sweet hay and omit the green food for a time, and give them one tea- spooniul of castor oil to eliminate the cause and feed them on dry food until improved. Broken Teeth. Sometimes cavies will fight in their hutches and cause their teeth to be broken. This is very bad for the animal, because it is necessary that you feed them soft food until their teeth have grown out. In showing stock it is a very important thing that your cav- ies have good teeth, as it is hard to condition an animal unless they can chew and digest their food properly. Blindness. Symptoms: Cavies have small white spots form on the eyeball. This is due to running straws into their eyes or sometimes from the poor condition of the blood. Many cavies shortly after they are born fail to open the lids of their eyes, caused from the lids becoming stuck together. It is well for you to watch your young stock so you camavoid blindness and spread the lids of the cavy’s eyes open. Fifty-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS BTVTVOATVNATUOOUUOOTCUONTOGTUCOUITOUUCOACUOTUOORIVOTOUOTONOANUOTUATONARUOOTUOONUOOLUOAUUOAUUOAUUOOULAOUOAUUGAUUOAUUOA OLGA LOOAUUOAUUORULATUUATUOATUUORUUOAUUAARUO MIMO HOOT IUMUEGRUOUOODIOOLIUGUUUOICOHUUOLIOO LULL UCL Treatment: A -few.drops of rose water and boradic acid mixed together is very good for clearing the pupil Of the eye. Diseases of the Skin. Symptoms: Cavy loses hair in patches. _On examination you will note little seurt on the surface. Animal sits around in hutch amd ®deesmion move a great deal on account of soreness. Treatment: Dipping as mentioned above topeii@eme the best treatment, for a good disinfectant will destroy it in one dipping; however, you can use any good sulphur ointment, or ask for Fowler’s Solution at the drug store; which is also very effective. Mickey Weaning Out the Young When They Are Three Weeks Old. Laboratory Stock. Fifty-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS PPUVOUUVOATUONIUONTUONUOQHUOAITOOTCOACONIUOAICONTUOATCOATUONUVONIUONUUONIUONUOORUVONCUOUUATUUONUNOTUOOLLOGAUONUMAUUUAIUOUUAAUUUUALLLOMUMOLLU UR UUALHLAUUU ULL COoOLLOLAUCOULUC RRO UU COO UCU UU POLL Summary O you know of any industry that you can enter into with less capital, less work and less worry, and yet show almost immediate results than the raising of guinea pigs, which is an outdoor enter- prise and one that does not require all of your time, de- pending, of course, on the number of. stock you have. For instance, a person can care for 2500 breeders nicely by devoting his entire time to same. This will give you an idea of division of time in comparison to the number tliat yOu can Care for. Many people, who are along in years, find this a most fascinating proposition, and one that they enjoy, because it does not confine them to indoor work. Numerous young people who are not so certain of a future enter into the raising of Cavies, and locate on small acreage where they enjoy the living conditions, which are great deal better than they could secure in the city, financially and otherwise. The Cavy development of the past has advanced very fapidly, and a great many people are entering the field each year. The field is large and the demand for cavies is steadily growing. Many women throughout the United States are now lare@eeraisers. the fancy has developed as much as the animal has been improved. The goal the breeders are working for today is a state of perfection and sym- Metty, as those points appeal to the critic’s eye. Numerous breeders are adhering to a certain type or variety, spending their time in bringing this particular variety up tog perfection, and in that way demand higher prices for their quality of stock. Breeding exper- Fifty-five PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS PV TUOATVAATUTATUOHTUOATUGHTUOATUOATUOHTOGATLOATVOATOOATOOHTUGATOOATUOTOVOATOGHUOHUGTIUOT LUO UUOTOOATOCAUUOAULOALUOALOGAUUOAUURAUERUOCOUOCOIUOEEOAUUOIUOOUMOLEGPALUOLUUGLEUOAUUOLUUGALUGAULOAUPGA LOO UVUO LOAD OD iments have been tried for years, and success came as a result. Consequently, there are hundreds of people, all classes and ages, who have gathered together and organ- ized Cavy Clubs and Associations for the purpose or breeding and exhibitime better Cavies, Several notable women have established Caviaries and take a great deal of pride in their stock and exhibit them at the different Cavy shows. Competition jicgee. coming keen at the Cavy shows, and it takes a mighty good animal to win nowadays if there are more than five in a class, as the animal shows off well for the reason that they donot bite or scratch, and make very interes: ing pets. The long haired Peruvians, when properly groomed, make a beautiful sight, as their long, flowing hair is glossv and smooth as Sie and the animal itself gives the appearance of a fur muff, for its long hair cov- ers its head and feet as well as the body. Movie stars and professional people carry the Peruvian Cavies in preference to Pomeranian dogs The newspapers throughout the country often take up the topic of Cavies and have published various articles in regard to them, which has done a great deal to the advancement of the Cavy industry. The Cavy is looked upon today as an animal returning large profits, and the day of raising Cavies as a hobby and pastime is passing, as people are taking it up as a business proposition for the benefit. of all vconmeermea: Cavies are claimed by some to be the fastest breeding and most thriving animal known if properly cared for. For the majority aa animals classed under “Live Stock,” it takes a considerable length of time to produce offspring and many months’ time and money spent in growing them until they -become useful. However, ¢ie Wanye quite different—to our advantage—because they can be bred at the age-of two months or so, and generally fame Fifty-six PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OTUVTTUVATRTURATUURTTERTTVCHUUUEH LUV LULEH LUO EULA LUMGALUCAAUOUOH LUO LUCOALDUGAUOUGATOLOA COCOA ICO UUCOUUMAOUOOAUEOHLEMUUUAUULOALUCOAUEOAUUUOALLULUCOALUOGAAULOAUCGALUUAULLOA UO UUCOUCO LCG UCU young when they are four and one-half or five months old. As arule, animals are of considerable expense in rais- ing before they get to the age when they will return a profit, but the Cavies are small and require very little eerie and space. It ts"mot mecessary to Mave the spacious runs and kennel accommodations that are nec- essary for other animals. If you are raising dogs it entails an expenditure on maintenance and veterinary skill far beyond the reach of the pockets of many. Poul- try come under the same head. Rabbits are detrimental Parsatitation it kept in the ordinary back yard. .There are no objections to Cavies, if their hutches are cleaned once a week. It would be well for you to attend a Cavy Show and see the enthusiastic breeders talking the various varie- ties and the great interest shown at the judging bench When the stock is passed upon as to merits, etc., for here is where they undergo the keenest criticism. The sportsmanship in breeding and showing Cavies is the genuiness of their enthusiasm, and once you be- come infected with the germ, you will be an enthusiast forever. We believe that you will agree with us, after care- fully reading this book, that there is no other industry or occupation that can be started with so little expendi- ture Of money, time or space, and at the same time that produces such good returns, as the raising of guinea pigs. Even a few pens properly cared for will not only furnish an abundance of pleasure and amusement, but will also be the source of a modern income, while if the business is conducted on a larger scale there is no limit to production and your profits will be just what you choose to make them. Guinea Pigs are more easily and more economically raised than any other domestic animal, and require less Fifty-seven PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS VVATUOHUOAUVATUOTUOAOGUGTEOALOATUOTLOAVONTUOLOTLOAIOOUOTUOAVOODOO UO UNDUALUGUOULA OOO UOLUMUOMUOURLU MUA UOLUOUUA UUM UOULOEO UO ULOAUAUUA TOO OM UUA MMOD TPOLOMA LULU UU OALO ESOS UO DOES OHO CoD room, less housing and less food. Their hutches can be quickly and cheaply made from ordinary packing boxes, while they thrive and develop rapidly on the simplest and cheapest of food. They are very healthy and hardy, do well in any climate, are clean in their habits and have no disagreeable odor as most other ani- mals. have. .Vhese pleasing characteristics make stuem popular as pets and caring for them is a delight not only to boys and girls but to grown-ups as well. Guinea Pigs—or Cavies, as they are most correctly called—are native to South America and in their wild state are a trifle smaller than the domesticated animals and are of a rusty, grayish-brown color: Where the name “pig” originated or hecame connected with the Cavy is not thoroughly understood, as the Guinea Pig does not resemble pigs in any way, size, shape or habits, but are more like a rabbit in shape and habits, except that they have very short legs, short, rounded ears and no tail. They feed upon nearly all vegetable substances, but drink very little water. None of the domestic animals or pets are more prolific than the Guinea Pig. ‘They begin to breed at trom two to three months of age and can average four litters a year, as a rule. The number of young to the litter is from two to six, but three may be considered as the average. The little fellows are born fully furred with eves open. Ina few hours they are able to eat the same food as the mother, and in ten days or three weeks may be weaned entirely. Guinea Pigs are members of the rodent family, as are squirrels, rabbits, etc., and their diet is entirely vege- tarian. In summer time there is practically no expense to their feed, as they will grow rapidly on lawn clip- pings, dandelions, green cornstalles: or fresh vegetables such as carrots, beets or cabbages. In winter they are very fond of hay of any kind, also oats, bran, shorts and Fifty-eight PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS VUTVUALUVHTUUOATTUGORTUOAAUUORATUOATUUOTRUUCORUUOORUGARUUCOTUUOARCOHRUCOWAUUGARUOONRLUGTPUUONUOARUUOAAUERAOLOGATUUOAAUUOACCOALUCOAULUGAUOOTUCOOAUUGAUUEALOMOALOUOIUCOAPOUOAUUOORIOOOAOUGATUOATOOORON OHNO OHTIT sage similar grain products. Table scraps, dry bread, mielp to fill out an inexpensive tation... This’ small ee of feeding should have favorable consideration com- pared with ane cost of food for poultry, rabbits, or other domestic animals, and is one of the reasons why the raising of Guinea Pigs is so profitable. In their wild state, Cavies live in burrows, among the crevices of rocks or beneath the large leaves of plants in marshy places. The domestic Guinea Pigs will live and thrive in most any kind of inclosure, provided they are protected from cold draughts and wet weather. They should also be protected from dogs, cats and rats. Because of their adaptability to most any climate or condition, Guinea Pigs may be successfully raised by any one and anywhere. ihe do equally w ell in the North where the temperature may drop to zero or below, and in the South where cold weather is unknown. The barn, the city back yard, a dry, well-lighted cellar or a spare room in the house, all are suitable places to raise Guinea Peewtekept im the house as pets, they are. no more offensive than cats, dogs, or canary birds. M@were, are several varieties of Guinea Pigs, but the Oiessimoest Senerally used and for which there is the greatest demand, are the English or smooth haired Seige: tics, the kind that is. most profitable to raise. They grow very rapidly and should weigh from eight to twelve ounces at the age of one month or six weeks, and when fully matured weigh about two pounds or more. The colors are white, black, red, cream and mixed. The solid colors, of course, denote purer and more careful breeding and are preferred by some raisers, while others may prefer the mixed colors. Like cattle, the best mark- ings show the best breeding. Cavies are very popular in England, and we hope the United States wall take as great an interest in Cavies as they have there. No show of stock in the foreign Fifty-nine PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS DUVATUHTEUUALAUALATOUUALOAUGTAAUOAUOA UOT UOUOAUOAUOMUOOAUUOEOAUOAUOUOAUOPORUOPEALUAUOACON UO OOAOAUONUOTUAUAIUOIUONOOVORUOTEOAVOLANOANOTEOILOVLOOIDOIIONROVLOVENUEATATUOILOVANILANENOALOVIO TOKINA UOOO HINTON INTE countries 1s complete without an exhibition of Cavies of all varieties. A great many noted breeders in England have put forth great efforts in promoting the Cavy. Mr. George Gardner and—Mr. C. A. House have written several books on Cavies, and as good books on Cavies give you the various ideas on “are industry, it would be well for you to secure copies, for there has not been many books written on this subject. Other breeders who deserve a great deal of credit in improving and breeding stock are Mr. J. Walker, Mr. G. Billet, Mr. Alf. Outhwaite Viger H. Brown and Mr. A. Roberts. A few years ago the United States Deparimmemiam Agriculture issued a bulletin, “Farmers Bulletijeiie 525,” called “Raising Guinea Pigs,” which has been re- vised from time to time, for the purpose of interesting the public in this proposition, which we quote below: “Raising guinea pigs, Or cavies, reqilires Mo exmaer dinary knowledge and no great outlay of capital. The animals are hardy, aside from being susceptible to cold. They are easily managed, and little space is needed to accommodate them. They make interesting pets and are useful as food animals and for Saleanae purposes. Medical research and other scientific investigations have created a demand for them which should insure remu- nerative prices to those who are favorably located. It is not advisable to breed cavies in large numbers without first being assured of a market. Profit in breeding the animals for scientific purposes is largely dependent on an opportunity of selling them promptly when they are from 6 to 8 weeks old. “This bulletin gives brief but plain directions for the management of guinea pigs. Since it was first pub- lished, in 1913, many persons have engaged in raising the animals for laboratory uses, and increased produc- Sixty PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS HNDUUUDUUUADAQUQNUUNNOOQOUEOQUUEUUUOUUOVUEU0UUL00STO 00000000 L000 YSU OOUO OULU OUOEULOUAUOUOOUOUOSUUOUOSEUOGOULLOUOLUOEULOGUOLOQUOEUOUAGUUOUOUU CUA UTA GUOOUOUOU LULU GH \ _tion has tended to lower the prices. Importations have practically ceased. Production of cavies for exhibition and -food purposes and for pets has increased, also, and many persons are breeding them solely as fancy stock. “Numerous inquiries received by the Department of Agriculture concerning proper methods of raising guinea pigs, or cavies, show a widespread interest in the subject throughout the United States. A few years ago when the demand for guinea pigs for laboratory purposes was gre sat the animals were very difficult to obtain, and,. be- cause of the lack of production in this country, few were to be had? As a result, large numbers were imported. Importations have now practically ceased, but applica- tions: for information on breeding the animals continue, as they have a food value and are useful for experimental and other purposes. “Guinea pigs are raised chiefly as pets or fancy stock aidetor ;scientinc purposes. ,. The: mstructions herein given are applicable to either. These are based mainly ‘on the experience of the Bureau of Animal Industry, which has generously allowed the use of the results of its experiments in the preparation of this paper. For several years that bureau has raised large numbers of guinea pigs in its investigations of heredity and the effects of inbreeding, as well as for laboratory uses. The methods employed have been uniformly successful at both of.its breeding establishments near Washington. “The cost of raising a guinea pig to maturity (age 4 or 5 months) at the department stations has been esti- mated by those in charge at from 50 to 60 cents. With their’.own. labor, private breeders, especially farmers with plenty of green food at command, can reduce the cost by half. “In-medical. research, especially in testing and stand- ardizing antitoxins, immature animals weighing 250 Sixty-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS BD VUATITVONTUOOATIVOATNOONTVOATUOOHTUOATUOOIUOGNTUOVAILONAIUOGRIOONITOOVNVONNIOUOTUOOANUONIVUGNTUUONAUONANLUGAUUGGOILOOAULONAUUONA VOGLER OLONLUESAIUUUNOLUAAUUOOLULUAOUOOACOUHTOLGAOUUOALULOOUCOO LOGO UOOV LULA grams (nearly 9 ounces) are required. This weight is attained in about six weeks, and the cost of feeding the animals until suitable for this purpose will be cor- respondingly less. They sell at various prices, depend- ent on supply and demand. The average for several years has been about 75 cents. When this bulletin was first published (1913) the animals were scarce, and lab- oratories paid as high as $1.00 to $1.50 each for their supply. Increased production in America has_ since lowered the prices considerably and the average paid in 1921 was from 50 to 60 cents an animal. Even at this low price, persons who are favorably situated near cities or institutions requiring large numbers of guinea pigs may be able to establish a profitable business in supply- ing the animals. Aside from laboratory uses, there is a growing demand for them as fancy and pet stock. WILD CAVIES “Guinea pigs belong to a family of rodents known as the Cavidae, characterized by stout bodies, short incisor teeth, uncleft upper lip, nearly equal legs, and short or rudimentary tails. The front feet are four-toed, and hind ones three-toed. The family is exclusively South American and includes, besides the true Cavies, two other living genera, the maras (Patagonian cavies) and the capybara. All are rather closely allied in structure to the rabbits, and in their native habitats are hunted as game. About 20 species and races of true cavies have been described. Unlike the domestic cavy, or guinea pig, they all have constant colors and breed but once or twice a year. THE DOMESTIC CAVY “Of the origin of the domestic cavy little is known. When the Spaniards first invaded the Andean region of South America the animal was found domesticated and Sixty-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS DUO TVATUOAATUOATUGATOOAT AOA TORT UOAATUAT TOGA TCRH UOT TCRT TVG TVATTOATRUATUAATNVAUCAUOA LUO LUOA LUO UOOHEOOA TOO UOOUCRN LOCO LOOAUOALGORCGALUGALUOELOLCEAUOUMOUUOULOUCUULOPCOAECOALUGALOAUOA LUGAR ECO U DA living in large numbers in the houses of the Indians, by mune If was used for food.. The cavy was. carried to Europe by Dutch traders during the sixteenth century. eamee then it has been kept in the Old World and in North America chiefly as a pet, and until recently has been generally regarded as an animal of little practical mality. he name Pics’ is readily sugeested. by its form, but the origin of “guinea” as applied to it is un- known, but may be a corruption of “Guiana pig.” GUINEA PIGS AS PETS Shor etour centuries the guinea” pig was regarded merely as a pet and bred for show and fancy alone. Be- ing a plastic animal, it was considerably changed during this period, and several strains and modifications of the original were developed. Thus, besides the smooth haired forms, we have the Peruvian, which is a very long-haired type, and the Abyssinian, a type with rather long hair standing out in curious rosettes all over the body. “The long-haired cavies are not recommended for Ordinary pets, as their coats need much care. “The smooth-haired require less attention and make equally attractive pets. They have the advantages of being easily kept and of never biting when handled. How- ever, it is not advisable to-subject pet animals of any sort to much handling or fondling. Even dogs and cats are always the worse for such treatment, and pet rab- bits or guinea pigs soon show the results of much handling in their roughened coats and lack of sprightli- ness. lLong-haired guinea pigs, especially if intended for show, require some handling, since the hair has to be brushed frequently. This is best done while the animal rests on a high shelf, where it need not be held during the brushing. Siaxty-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UTUVATVTHAVGHTUAHUUNALUOAUUAUOHUGHAUOHUUHUUUHTUOHUEOHIUOAUUOATUOHOUOAOOATUOIUUOAIUOILOGOUAAUCOILUOUMI SOA UMUUEMOMI UU UO IUEUOPUUOAOLO EL EAUUOA UUM UO EOOA UO UUOAUUOH UL OGAUUGAUCE MUO LOAD VOD UL GUINEA PIGS AS FOOD “It is difficult to account for the somewhat prevalent notion that no rodents are fit for human food. Because of such prejudice, some people will not eat rabbits or squirrels, and probably many others are kept from eating such excellent game as muskrats and praiieyide@me While guinea pigs are seldom, eaten in the United States: their near relationship to rabbits and the fact that they are wholly vegetarian in habit should reassure any one who may entertain doubts about their fitness for the table. All the species of wild cavies are accounted good game in South America. Rock cavies, especially, are much hunted in parts of Brazil. Probably the small size of the domestic species is the chief cause for its neglect as a food animal, yet»we have other highly esteemed game animals that furnish less meat than a guinea pig. “The Peruvian method of dressing the guinea pig for cooking is the one generally adopted wherever it is eaten. The animal is killed by dislocating its neck, after which it goes through about the same processes as a suckling pig in preparation for cooking. Its throat 1s cut, it is hung up-for a few minutes to bleedyandmie then scalded in water, not too hot at first. The hair is removed, the skin scraped with a knife, the viscera taken out, and the carcass washed in tepid water. Tt asetien ready to cook. The Peruvians usually roast the animals, but the number of possible ways of cooking them is unlimited. Charles Cumberland states that they are excellent eating when cooked in any of the ways that are applied to small game. They may be baked whole, or may be cut into pieces and fried or fricasseed. Says Cumberland: ““Cavies are excellent as entrees in various stews_— with mushrooms, with brown onions, with green peas, a la soubise, and especially in a curry. A practical cook Sixty-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MVOATVVATUVOTUVONTUOAOUAVTVOATUOATUOATUUATUUOTVUOTUUGTUUOALOGTULATUOATOOATUUIALOALUGAIUGAUUOMUUEA UUM ULIIUOAIUEAMUODERAATLOUUOTUCORUOAUOALUOALOOLEOOLUGALUOAUUGALUMATUOALUGLOAA LO EEOAUCOAOCO LU COOALOM DOA OOOO will have no difficulty in varying the preparations, and I will undertake to say that it will be found difficult to make them other than “very good meate.”’ “On account of the whiteness of its skin the smooth- haired white (albino) guinea pig is best adapted for the table. The males become somewhat strong flavored with age, but are fine when 4 or 5 months old. Females are tender and finely flavored for a much longer time. They are probably at their best when about a year old. SCIENTIFIC USE FOR GUINEA PIGS “Guinea pigs are in much demand for experimental uses in the preparation, testing and standardizing of serums and antitoxins. They are well adapted for this purpose, being small and easily handled. ‘Their use in medical research is steadily increasing, and some of the larger institutions, unable to secure a steady supply of reliable stock for their purposes, have set up breeding establishments of their own. “Sometimes guinea pigs found in bird stores are unfit for laboratory experiments. They may have been pre- viously used for serum or antitoxin tests or may be the offspring of animals that have survived such tests. Un- less the dealer knows the source from which the animals came and can absolutely guarantee that they have never been used for experiments, he can rarely sell them to institutions. Any breeder undertaking to supply animals to laboratories must give absolute assurance as to their suitability for experiments. If he can do this and fur- nish the animals as needed, he should be able to com- mand good prices for them and to establish a permanent and lucrative business. MANAGEMENT OF GUINEA PIGS “Few animals are as easily raised as guinea pigs. They are much less subject to disease than rabbits. The more Sixty-five PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS HUVATOTUATUATERUORTOTUOAUAOATOAUONUOTUAUOALOVLONUOTOQUUAUONOONNATUOKOAUORUOTUONUATONUOTHOUUAMORCONLOAUAUOIVOUOUAEICEREUOAECEAUUUOMUOUAUUATUELAUOPUORUOUUUOLOFUR UO ULORUMOROO UO RA TOUOUOULOUUOULLUORUUOD CHT La important items in their management will be explained under the headings: Selection of Stock; Hutches and Pens; Feed and Feeding; Breeding, and Diseases and Enemies. SELECTION OF STOCK “Except for show purposes the only kind of guinea pigs that should be grown are the smooth-haired varie- ties. These are of several colors. Those with pink eyes are albinos, usually pure white but sometimes more or less marked with obscure spots. Occasionally an indi- vidual guinea pig is of a single color other than white. Thus it may be red, gray, brown, or glossy black, but it seems difficult to maintain a pure strain of ‘selfs’ except the white. The majority of domestic cavies are spotted, the common colors being fawn, light gray, red-brown, dark brown, and cream, interspersed with white or black or both white and black. The pigment of the hair usu- ally corresponds to that of the skin, which is white only under white or cream areas of fur. “Tf guinea pigs are raised for table use, light-colored kinds are to be preferred; if for scientific purposes, color is of little importance, although distinctive markings are desirable. When raised for pets or for show, the fancy of the breeder may be followed. In any case strong, healthy animals of good size should be chosen for breeding stock. A full-grown cavy in good flesh should weigh nearly two pounds. This weight will not often be attained under 18 months of age. Instances of 3 pounds weight for males at 3 years have been recorded. Asa rule, females, except when pregnant, are lighter than males of the same age. The chief point in selecting stock is to obtain healthy animals that will mature quickly and attain a good size. HUTCHES AND PENS (See Article—‘Housing of Cavies,” by Government.) Sixty-sia PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS DUTTA UAVUGRETATTTTAUTVERTATUCTAUUURHAULLOAAULOGAUDUGHAUCOORULOOOAALOUORHOOOUOATULOOARCUOOAIOUOOHAUUOOAAUOUOGAOLUUOATUOUOOAUOLOAOLUUGAI HOMO ULOOAESUPONALICEROOICUOORTOOUONIIOOOGNIIUOOHATOUOOADIUOHACCOHHO FEED AND FEEDING “Guinea pigs require about the same diet as rabbits. They eat frequently during the day and need a constant supply of staple dry feed. Three articles should be con- stantly in each hutch or run—a pan of water supplied fresh at least once a day, a piece of rock salt, and a pan for dry grain, which may contain oats, bran or chopped grain. The animals should also have a constant supply of hay, of which they eat large quantities, and a daily feed of green stuff. They eat almost every kind of green food that is relished by rabbits—cabbage, celery tops, and lettuce are especially acceptable, but fresh cut alfalfa eua@clower, spinach, kale, rape, and the like -are also eairaple, oreen, foods. For winter it-is best to have a good supply of cabbages. These may be stored in the field, covered with leaves or straw, with a layer of soil on top, and may be brought in as wanted, so that they do not need to be fed in wilted condition. With a plenti- ful supply of green feed, guinea pigs drink but little water, yet it is well to have water always at hand for them. In the absence of green feed, water becomes an absolute necessity, as these animals refuse to eat grain without it. BREEDING “Guinea pigs breed at a very early age. The females are sexually matured when about a month old, but should not be allowed to breed so early. “The fecundity of guinea pigs has been greatly exag- gerated. Buffon states that they breed every six weeks and commonly have litters of 12 each. This error has been republished from time to time until it seems to have become fixed in the popular mind. As a matter of fact, many ather rodents are far more prolific.. The female guinea pig has but two teats, and her period of Sixty-seven PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS BUTUUTETALUSUGTOUUTETNUGTHITVGRHAVLUUHHOUUOAIOOOAUAUOOAAOOLUGOOLUVOOAAUDUOAOLOUOGARULUOMAUOOOHADOOUGHOOEOONAOLOUONTOTONNOTOCOLITIOOOONRAONONATUOOONNTIUOGNTIIDOGNINTOONHTIUOONTITOOOITIONOONIIUOOTIINTOTIIIUOOOTIIUNT gestation varies from 63 to 70 days. Ordinarily five lit- ters may be expected in a year, averaging about three young each. The first litter produced by a female usu- ally consists of but 1 or 2. Subsequent ones are com- monly larger, but they rarely number more than 5 or 6. A female in her breeding prime may be expected to raise about 12 to 15 young each year. “Young guinea pigs are well developed when born, have the eyes open, and are fully furred. They are soon able.te run about ireely and within a day or two begin to take food other than the mother’s milk. When they are about three weeks old the mother ceases to give them attention, but it is better to leave them in the hutch with the parents three or four days longer. The weaned animals should then be placed, each sex by itself, in sep- atate cages. Large hutches accommodating 50) or more of the, youns are desirable, but it is’ net well to keep males of Hier ent sizes in the same cage, as the stronger are apt to fight and injure the w Baker ones. “When 5 or 6 months old the young females may be distributed to breeding pens. From 3 to 5 should be kept permanently with one male; but the best results will probably be attained with the smaller number, since the young when newly born will be in less danger from overcrowdine. The males should be chosen oe among animals older than the young females. Inbreeding is not considered harmful unless continued for eight or ten gen- erations. Usually the females agree w ell together, “and when two have young at about the same time both nurse the progeny indiscriminately. Occasionally two females are antagonistic,. and then it is ‘desirable “to “semamam them. “The hutches should be thoroughly cleaned twice a week and fresh litter supplied for the floors. Oat straw, chaff, fine hay, and sawdust all make excellent bedding. It is not necessary to remove or handle the animals Sixty-eight PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS AVVTTUNOHUUOOHNVOOTTNOONTIOONTUUOVTUUOVTIVOOHTIVONIVONILOGATUOORIVOOIUUUARUOOHAIUUOTIUOATIUUIUEHIUOIUHIURIUUEHOU UU TUATULO LULA HULGLUUCELLECOLLGGLULOGLULLELLULOCLULELLLLELLLLELLLLOLLLGE LLG LLCEALGLELL while cleaning the hutches, but this should be done when it is desired to fumigate either hutches or runs. DISEASES AND ENEMIES “As already stated, guinea pigs are not subject to matty diseases. Their susceptibility to ailments is closely related to the quality, quantity, and kind of food eaten. Improper, irregular, and deficient feeding are common causes of inflammation of the stomach and bow- els, from which losses among the animals may be very great. Sudden changes of temperature, particularly downward to the freezing point, and insufficient and improper ventilation, are common causes of pneumonia, which is extremely fatal among guinea pigs. Bountiful and judicious feeding, cleanliness of surroundings, pure water, abundant room, reasonably constant temperature, and proper ventilation are almost certain preventatives of disease. The coats of guinea pigs should not be allowed to become wet, and the hutches should be care- fully guarded against dampness, which is a common cause of fatalities among the animals. “The chief enemy of the guinea pig is the common rat. This pest is popularly supposed to avoid premises where guinea pigs are kept. On the contrary, it is attracted by the grain fed, and will not only steal the food of the cavies, but has been known to gnaw through the hutch walls and devour the young. The extermination of rats after they have thoroughly established themselves about the premises is no easy task. Preventative measures are usually much more effective. In a neighborhood that is rat infested, buildings intended for housing guinea pigs should be made rat proof.” Sixty -neme PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MTITUMTUUALLLUUULLLLELLLLLUOLLLLUGAULLUUELULCGGLLLCOGODLLLGOOLLLOOAHULOMOAULUOOOOOUUOOALUOOUOCRLOGAOOUCOARUDOOAALOOOOAUOLUOOATUOOIAIUOOOUIIONORTRROOOVTIIUETVA ROGUE NTTOTICOUTTTINNGATITUTTTTTTAIITPHIIIITVITN 10n. Note the bright round eye, well drooped ear, rotund of shoulder, clear shaped head and nose, characteristic conformat A perfect smooth Red English male. PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS IVVVVTVVONTIOUOVITIUUGAIVOGAITULOGONTIVUGHITOLOOATILUGHATIUOONIVOUONTLUUUNHATOUONTOUOATILUUOHAUUOOILUVOOAUUOHALUUUOAAUEOORALVUGAILUUOLITLUGHALUOUGAULUUGHTOLOGGALUUOOGALUOLOTUUOGHLUUOOOHLUUGAT LUCE PULUOALUULD Special Articles Meat and Fur Production By ED: Wheeler, Secretary, Western Cavy Breeders’ Association, S15 We Cdcharcas St. Colorado Springs, Colo. Shall embody in the following article my actual expe- nmence-in breeding cavies on-a large commercial scale: This will be of great benefit to the beginner and will also be interesting to the experienced breeder. During the fifteen years I have been engaged in the raising of guinea pigs, will say that at no time have I had less than three hundred breeders on hand, and often as high as thirty-five hundred. ime sept dan acctitate account ofall receipts and expenditures, and the results are amazing in regard to the wonderful profits received from the stock. The demand for cavies has developed so fast in late years that [ am compelled to return many orders for stock on account of the extreme shortage of cavies. I have experimented with all varieties, and have ran yearly tests to prove exactly what could be accomplished along different ideas and conditions. I have raised forty-nine pigs from one pair of cavies in one year. You can therefore see the remarkable pro- duction of these little animals. I placed 100 females (50 virgin and 50 tried breeders) in 20 pens (5 in each pen), and in each pen placed one male, and in one year these one hundred females had 1,207 young. Females in the young greatly predominated. Seventy-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OVVOTTUNTUOTUOTUOITOATOORIONTONTUOTUOTEONVONUONUOAUOATUAILOTIOANOATUONUONUOAONIUONLONUOALOGNUATUOAUONNONLOGRUOTURAUOIMLATUOMUOA LALO EAA VONUONVORUUNTUORUEROLOTUOTOOATOADUOTOUATONNLOTUOUOT MALE UOAUATUONUOAT LOD Oy Guinea pigs are not unlike other stock when ready to market. We find at times the large cattle and hog rais- ers are reluctant to sell their stock on account of mar- ket conditions at certain times. ‘Prices of stock fuce ate to some extent. It was during a time that prices were low that I found myself possessed of a large num- ber of males—large ones that could not be delivered prefitably on a ten-ounce contract. My solution of this MR. E. D. WHEELER Secy. Western Cavy Breeders’ Assn. problem was to interest several clubs and restaurants in cavy meat as a table food and as a result | am now reg- ularly supplying several customers with dressed cavies, and the demand is rapidly increasing. Their beautiful skins are in big demand, and when made into gloves, auto robes, fur garments, etc., bring Seventy-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UV MUUHLUUTT RECT LCTET UTTER TTGEATEUGAEUEA TULA EOEA ADEA UUHAUOOA LUG UUOOR OOOO COO OOAAUOAAAUOOHOUUOAUOAAUOOAAUOATUCOAULOOAILUORUOGADLOGEOUOATOOOREOUOATIOOATCONTIOONRIOONITOONIIOGATINGNTITRATIUNTIIL handsome prices. The tendency of the user of guinea pigs is to contract with a large breeder or dealer for his regular supply, and until a small raiser can equip him- self with sufficient breeders to insure his output large enough to get in the field in open competition it is best that he should make arrangements with some reliable dealer to handle his surplus. The first thing*to do is to dress several males one-half to two-thirds grown. Fry them like you would a spring chicken, young rabbit or quail, and proceed to feast yourself thereon. Will venture to say that after you do this you will not be trying to dispose of a few odd males, but you will be a booster for cavy meat and you will see the future pos- sibilities of the cavy industry. You will increase your number of breeders and enlarge your plant, just as oth- ers are doing after proving to their own satisfaction by practical experiments and tests of the most rigid nature ii litt hes MONEY IN CAVIES.” You Will Note Cavies Do Not Take Up a Great Deal of Space Seventy-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS MTOHVOA VENA UGLUCUCHVTNATUGUANHUUATOOAUOAUOATOOEATLONLUALUONLONLONUEATLONUGTOOALONEOAUOALOGIUOUOAOOOTOOCUOLUOAUEAUOGFLUALUAULAOUONUOAUUALENLOMAUMANLOAUUAUOOAUOHOAALOODERAUOAU UH COA UUALOAVCONUOTORIVOATONAUONULONUOTLONH Breeding Show Cavies By E. D. CORRIN President of Western Cavy Breeders’ Association. A few words of advice and some timely suggestions from an experienced cavy breeder. Every one should read them, for they contain something of value to all. Before commencing to get together your breeding stock, the beginner should carefully study the show E. D. CORRIN President of Western Cavy Breeders’ Association Colorado Springs, Colo. Seventy-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UTLUUVATUVONTTITUVGATTVOVOTTVOVITTCUUOHTIVOUOTIUVOVATATENOTITOSTATIVUONINVOQTTUOGITICIOOTRUOATACOHRIUONHAIUUUOAIUUGTTUUUOTAUUUUHHIULUGAUUUUOALUULOGTLULUGALUULGAULUGHALULUGEAUUGUOALLLLGALLULLELLOLLA ELLER reports in our fancier papers to see who are the success- ful breeders on the show bench and have stock for sale. Having done this, the next thing to do is to decide which variety he wants to take up. In deciding on the variety, space, time and cash at disposal must be con- sidered. The room required for 20 English will only accommodate 10 Peruvians. The time required to look after Peruvians is much greater than that needed to care for a stud of English. The question of variety being settled, the novice should place himself in com- munication with some of our best breeders. Most of our leading fanciers may be depended upon. All leading breeders and exhibitors have a reputation to uphold and invariably are willing to do their best to help the new beginner who asks their assistance in the selection ef their stock. Should a novice go to an experienced fancier and pre- tend that he knows all about cavies, he will make a mis- take. A conceited, know-it-all novice is almost certain to get fooled. In selecting stock a great point is the perfect healthfulness of each one selected. The future success of a caviary depends in a great measure on the healthfulness of the original stock. It is impossible to breed exhibition stock from unhealthy parents. All that you can do is to propagate disease and eventually death. A good test.as to health and vigor is the condition of the eye and coat. A cavy in good health is sleek and glossy in coat, while the eyes are bold, bright and glistening. A healthy cavy is active and fast in its movements. An unhealthy cavy is dull in eye, open in coat and is slow and dull in its movements. Having selected your cavies, they should be placed in nice, comfortable hutches, free from draughts and damp- ness, with about two inches of sawdust to absorb the moisture; thus,the risks of colds, paralysis, rheumatism, ete., is considerably reduced. One boar and three or Seventy-five PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS ATALANTA ALAOOA UAH AOALOA LEO UOAUOALUAAUOAUOAVOALOOAUOAUOEOAUOAUOAOUAUOAUOAUOALCUUAROALO HOA ULAEOOAUGPOAA LOE UPUUO COOOL LOA UOATEAUOUOUOUUOAEOA OMA UO LEIA UA LOLA POA LCO HOA COD ULL four sows may be run together. In selecting sows for breeding you should always give the preference to young sows. It is an acknowledged fact among many of our leading scientific naturalists that the best results in breeding are obtained from young dams. In using young sows, care must be taken to have a boar at least 15 months old or over. This is most important. In regard to the age at which stock should be used for breeding purposes, | am strictly opposed to the use of stock before. the age of 7 months'at the youngest, | lijgieee earlier, the young are not so strong or so finely, devel- oped as when bred from matured specimens. Sows that are savage and snap at their owner when he feeds or cleans their pens are not likely to make good mothers. Sulky disposed sows should not be chosen. The best mothers are found among those bright, happy individ- uals who know their master’s step, listen for the sound of his voice, love the stroke of his hand and always greet his coming with joy and gladness, being expressed by their coming to the front of the cage and trying to con- verse with you in their own language, doing their best to thank you for your attention and care bestowed upon them. Young cavies intended for breeding should be allowed plenty Gl TOOm.10r €xercise,.se that when re- quired for breeding their bodies are well developed and their constitution strong and healthy in every respect. Sows go with young 65 to 70 days. Some a little before and some a little later. Sows that are coming with young should be well fed. Personally, I like to feed soft food during this period: warm mashes composed of one part crushed oats, one part shorts, two parts good broad bran; should be fed every evening. In the morn- ing, good, sound, clean oats with a dish of water or milk should be given them. ‘Toward the close of the pregnancy period, a feed of warm bread and milk should be given every morning. Plenty of green food or roots should be given during the whole period. Carrots are Seventy-six PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OUVUOAITUUUUOGHTUIUUOCQATIUUUUCGHUUCUUCOOHUCCUOOIUUUUOGOATUTOOOHHAULUCQUOAAUUUUONAUUUOUOOHIAUULOUOAULLULUOOARUULUOGHAUELOUGAAALLULUUAALULULOGOALLULLOGAALLLLULGREALULLOOARLLULLOOGARLLLLCOGAALLUCUGGEALLOLOGEL much better than beets at this time; they are sweeter and more conducive to a good milk flow. Breeding sows should never be without lhquid or green food in their pens. About a week before you expect young the pens should be cleaned out thoroughly and well bedded with sawdust and hay. The young should run with their mother until five weeks old, and during the whole time they should have bread and milk, night and morning. At this time hay and green food should not be forgotten. A sufficient supply of both should be given twice a day. IMPORTED RED ENGLISH SOW Bred for Quality Owned by E. D. Corrin When the young are taken from their mother the sexes should be separated; it is not safe to leave them together after that age. If they are well developed (and they should be) they are very likely to get with young, and if that takes place all your labor to ever raise a good, strong show specimen has been in vain. The individ- uals that look like developing into winners should be Seventy-seven PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UTUOONTAVGATCUOHTUUOATUGHAOOHONUOHIUUOHIUOONILOOHTOOHTUOOTOFOOATOOGTICONTOLONTUCONTREOATOLONADOOTOLOGHLIVGAIPOOLEUERTOVOATOUOAALUUATLCONTOVONALOGIOUOOALUATOUUGHUUOHIVUOHIVUGIUIUGULEUULOALICOA FLUO LOGLUUCOLI LD kept separate from ordinary stock and fed on a more luxurious diet, size being a big factor on the show bench. The young should be pushed as fast as possible from the day of their birth until the date at which they make their “debut” on the show bench. They should be fed liberally upon bread and milk mashes, good sound oats, hay, carrots and green food. What you put into them at this age will be returned to you when you put them into the breeding pen. Bran contains a large amount of bone-forming matter. The pen should at all times contain clean water. Water is a great preventative of disease. Many diseases are caused through the non-action of the kidneys, carrying alltimpurities with it, and thus the kidneys ane kepe healthy and in good working order. It sometimes happens that a sow does not suckle her young -well. This condition may arise from several causes. Should this occur, the young should be trans- ferred to another sow that has recently had young. In moving the young to the foster-mother, you must see that she is a quiet, lovable mother and not hable to harm the little ones committed to her care. Cavies, as a rule, are very good in this way; they have no objection to a stranger or two among their own babies. -If a foster- mother is not available, the young must be kept well supplied with new milk, thickened cach fine oatmeal. Although some fanciers run one boar with four or five sows all the time, I think it is not advisable to do so. When the sows are seen to be with young the boar should be removed. As to whether it is best to let the sows remain together is a much-debated point. If the sows are littered together, it might be advantageous to do so, if they are a peaceable bunch. But it sometimes happens that they are not; even some of the best are at this time inclined to be snappy and irritable. When Seventy-eight PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UUUHTVOGAATEATUUATRUUATUDEATVGATUCGNTUOGHLUUGTUUOTIUCORUUGATLUORITUOAEERORLOOTCOOOTOLOATOOOATUUONUUOAUHUORELOATUOOAUUGHUUOHUOATUUUAAUUGAUUGALUGOALUGEAULOAAULGALUOGAUUUGALULGALULOAUUGERUULALULGAUUGAELERLOLG this is the case, trouble naturally follows and in the scramble some of the young are apt to be injured. To avoid this, it is advisable to remove the sows to sepa- fate pens a week or so before the young are expected. It is a great advantage, however, to have several sows littering about the same time, for this reason: if one mother goes wrong in any way, her young may be divided among the “others; or if one has a large litter and another a small litter, the mothering duties may be divided, to the benefit of all concerned. here has been much argument as to when is the best time to mate sows. One thing is certain: they will more readily respond to the advances of the boar a day or two after they have had their young than at any other time. This, however, seems cruel and unnatural, to say nothing of the exhausting effect it must. have on the sows’ consti- tution and loss in size and stamina in her progeny. Per- sonally, | do not believe in such a system of breeding. It is not right that while she is suckling one litter she ghoulanue called upon to carry another. Both the’ born and unborn must naturally suffer, to say nothing of the strain upon the mother. If, however, she is well fed for four or five weeks after the young are taken from her, she will generally respond to the advances of the boar in a few days from iiestmme of beings introduced fo him and breed strong, healthy young. iinree litters a year is the most | take from one sow, and oftimes only two. What you don’t get in numbers you get in quality. One good one is much better than a dozen poor ones. In all your breeding operations, remember that the great essentials to success are cleanli- Hess: purity (of eae regularity in feeding, roomy and well-ventilated pens and the selection of strong, healthy stock. It is useless expecting to become a successful breeder unless these points are well observed. Neglect Seventy-nine PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS IUVVRIUVEAHUMUAALULAAULUOAULUORUCCOAUOOULUOOAUCOOALOCOTUCOLOUCOOOOLHDOOGAO OOOH OCGLCOOAOOOAAOOOOOEEOOTOCUATOOUATOUOADLERAAUOGAPOOADLOONIOGAOOOOTVUOOADOONITOOONUTOGIIONIIVORRLONITINOTTCOTIONOTIOUVTTONTTIGHTIINT EDWIN F. DIECKE and DR. J. A. ROBERTS Judging Cavies them and failure is sure to overtake you. Observe them and if you do not succeed you will at least have the sat- isfaction of knowing that failure has not come from any fault of your own. This knowledge will spur you on to greater efforts, and success is bound to sooner or later put you on the list with the tancy breeders; siWasE but not least, when you have become a successiul breeder and away on top in the show room, do not for- get your own struggles and be ever ready to give a help- ing hand to the new beginner, for you must always bear in “nae that the novice is the backbone of the industry, and you will be long remembered in the fancy class after your own activities have ceased as a true fancier amd a gentleman. Etghty PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UTTUTOOTTTAULRSTTTLURSTNUATHALLLAGHLLUGHLUAUOAALUCGAOLUCLOALULUGOTOLLOAHOUCGAROLGAOLUUUGHLLCCAOAAUORATEULOAAUEGOALUOGHALORUENOUULMTUUAGAAUOUGAAALGOGPROOUOARULOGGAARGGOATUUGATIOCOGATNUOARIIUOONTUUOHATI UT Judging English Show Cavies (By JUDGE LEWis S.).GRIFFIN:) Colorado Springs, Colorado I will state briefly a few points, mainly how a judge places awards on English cavies; also what constitutes the principal points to be considered. In dealing with the judge’s point of view, one must imagine himself now a judge placing the awards. We will take our first class, Senior White Males: We will take for granted we have an even dozen in this class. 3efore this class is brought on the table we should be provided with a judging box, each compartment large enough that the pig can be seen from all sides (the box to my liking should be six compartments long, two compartments deep, with each compartment at least six inches wide by twelve long and not over five inches high). We now place the twelve pigs in the twelve compartments. Our first duty is to eliminate those pigs that do not conform to our standard. We find two with straight ears, two more with long, sharp noses, one with a rough, dirty coat, unpresentable for the showroom, leaving us seven good, well-formed pigs. Looking these over carefully, we find several slight faults, one with ears too erect, another with a small, sleepy eye, another with narrow shoulders, another with a nose too straight and long. Here we call for a box about 10 inches wide by 12 to 18 inches long and will set up at least 8 to 16 inches over our judging table. This box is used to place our pigs upon—one, two, three or four at a time. They will sit quietly and not be running all over like, as if left on the table for “comparison; besides, they are all lifted Fighty-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS HHUHTTTUTOTOTOTOVATEET HUET ATOUOEOEVOVOVOUOVATOUOROEVOOVOTUTOTVOV OVO UIOIE PUUUUUTTHULLLLSTULUGALLLLOAUPUUGHOULEOOAALUCOARLUCUOATUEUOOALOUOATTOCOOHITIORNIITUUGHTVERTOOTIRTUOTITINOVTTOTAATITUNTTTTTAITTTHTIIIT closer to our eye and up more prominent, so we can see their style, carriage, form and color, and get a better light. ‘ _ as Tt ee sili IS RR TE JUDGE LEWIS S&S. J. GRIFFIN Our next move now is to compare these three or four pigs, showing their weaknesses mentioned before, to see if any further weakness can be found; if not, to consider which is the most or farthest from perfection, according to our standard. After we have eliminated down to five, it is then our duty to compare these pigs, point for point, one against the other, for further weakness, ever keeping in mind the perfect pig, which should be strong in the following points: Type: What is type? An animal that hasveracem! form, prominent outlines, showing a well-developed back, Eighty-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS DVVVTCOVIVUUVVTCUONIUOHTUUOAUUONTUUGTAUOHTUUOATCUONICUGATUOTANUOVIVUGNIUOOHLOOADUONIVOGHRUOGAOUUGAIUOAAOUONLUGAUUUOAUUGAIUUOAUCULAUUONAUULIAUULOUULAUUGAULGAUGEALUOGH DOGO UCOGYCLOATCOGHLUCGRIVOGAUUONAUOAAUULAAUL broad shoulders, high crown, thick neck, well-carried ears, a good short, blunt Roman nose, and one that stands up well in front with head up; eyes bold, large and as prominent as possible. There is nothing that pleases a judge more than to find a pig that is strong in type and will stand up to the touch of the judge’s finger under the pig’s jaws and show off his type and stand as if he knew what was expected and was proud of his ancestors’ blood that he possessed. At this point we have decided which pig of the five has the best type and style, also eyes, ears and nose. As this is the white class, color usually 1s almost equal except ears, and in many cases we are able to decide the winner by his ear color, taking other points equal that have before been decided upon. The ear must be clean, bright flesh color, free from stain, smut, etc. Size of the pig is very important. The larger and more developed the pig in the Senior Class usually the better type he is able to present, and in most cases will show a better crown and broader shoulders at two years or older than a younger pig, but usually with age they develop coarser hair and usually not as smooth and soft a coat. Having now placed our first, second, third, fourth and fifth in this Senior Class of Whites, we are ready to pro- ceed to other classes. After finishing the whites, the color question takes a more prominent part. In blacks, we must have blacks, the more dense, with a brieht luster, the better, with the black carried clear down to the skin, not a brown, bluish undercast. Further, some blacks have not a good body color, but a brown, dusty stomach color. This should be cut severely, for when judging black make them black, with type and points as given in the white class combined. Personally, I would rather favor a black with one or two stray off- colored hairs than one with a brownish cast or poor type. In the red classes, make the reds be red, not brown or rusty red. The red should have the fire and brightness Eighty-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS STUVTUATUAUOTTOUOTENTOVOVUOAUGTTAUATORUOVOGTUGTOATOVUOTLOTOATAAUONUGTOONNANORLOTEONOAVMACOAUOTOGALANOAUOAUAMUAUOAUOTAAOUGNEAULALONLOLOAUOOUOLOTLOULAUUUOUOUOTOIUAORUUOEOTUOULUOMUM TOO UUOTU TOLL UO LUO RUA ULI ET OL to it, similar to a rich bright ripe tomato, not a dull dead brownish or yellow red. In chocolates they should be chocolate, with good clear clean ears, a uniform chocolate color all over, not in patches. The Golden Agouti should be reasonably dark to carry the rich color: It should be cut clean on ‘each eiadeaee stomach and carry well under the front and back legs, and do not allow the red stomach color to show or streak up before and back of the legs. The circle about the eyes BLACK IMPORTED BOAR as small as possible, and the color of the stomach to be a rich red clear to the skin, not dark smudgy under color. The Silver Agouti, likewise, should be uniform, with stomach color cut clean as in the Goldens. The entire body color should be a bright steel and not show the reddish cast as seen in so many Silvers. The owners of Silvers should handle them often, for usually they are very wild and do not show off their best points. Lighty-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UVOVUTOVCUATUVATLONIUONTLNATUOATUNOAUCATUGRAUONTUOATUOAUONINOTUUOALCGNLOGTROOTUATUUOEYONERAIUGATLOAUUOAUUOAUUATUUAHUUOAUOALUUAUOAUUGAUCLAUUGAUUGUUALULALUUGULALUGALOUUGAULGARUGULGUOORULGA LUO UUAAUOOR ULAR CLaA The cream pig should conform as to type and style almost like the white, except eye, which should be dark. The color of a good cream is all important. This should be a light shade of cream, rather than the dark yellowish or reddish brown we so often see. Keep your color as light as possible, with the color carried down deep to the skin, with all type possible. Before closing this article a few suggestions to the new exhibitor may help him in the showroom. First, remember a big, bold, prominent eye is all important and the bolder and larger it stands out the better. Next, all type possible, with the color you are breeding to be bright and fiery and dense and the same color throughout. Take a lead pencil and rub the hair back against the coat so as to see to the skin and see that you have a bright, clean color, not dark and smudgy. Next, get all the size you can. When a pig is robust and heavy it usually is in good condition. Now for a good start for the showroom. When your pigs are ‘pomne place the mother with one or two other cheap sows and remove their young in order to give the nourishment from the two or three mothers to the young, and see the difference in these young at four months against those left with their own mother. Further, give them all they can eat of both green and dry feed at all times. Milk and bran also is a big help. Next, for condition of fur, use fine prairie hay, but before filling your pens where show stock is kept, wash this hay thoroughly and dry properly, bury your stock in this hay so they can run through this clean hay and use it as a brush to brighten and clean the fur. Last but not least, handle your stock every chance you can, train them) to sit quietly on a box and pose in what- ever position they are placed. Above all, teach your Eighty-five PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UOAUNUUAUONTONVOATOTUONUOTONUORUORUOIAONUOAUOVUOTLOUATOVUOTIOTUGNUALOWLONUOONVONUOUOUONUAUOAUOTLAUOTUOCUEMOMUONTUOAUGTUOVUOUAMUUCOIUOAUOTUOUEAULUMUOAUOAUORORUUOO UG EALUATUOCLAUOUUOLEULAULAULURA EO COCO animal to sit upright with the head erect and look you square in the face. This shows off the crown, back arch and head to best advantage. A last warning in exhibiting solid colored pigs, use your pencil and rub the hair or fur the wrong way under the jaws, on the breast between front legs and inside of hind legs for patches of off-colored hairs. These are usually the places overlooked by the novice and oftimes by an old exhibitor. These off-colored patches will dis- qualify your pig. MICKEY INSPECTING THE PIGS Eighty-six PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS TTT UUOPHITVUOVTTTUUOOTUUOONUUUOVHTTUOOHTIUUCONITUOONITTOOATITOUOTTUOOHTIUUONIIOGRITUUOVINICOGANI TOON UUOCOATILOGHREOUUNTUIVOALUIUUIAMILETRRULLOCHPCEUOeEAAOLLUGOALULLOALULEGILLLEGE LEELA LLILUELLLLGEALLCLLOR LOLOL The Guinea Pig Industry By C-S: Gibson, Chiemjudge.N. B. GF. Ae, Inc. Elwood, Indiana When we mention Cavies only a few people really know what we are trying to describe, but if we say “Guinea Pigs” nearly every one knows, for only a few people have not heard of the popular little Guinea Pigs. The Cavy industry has always been a large and profit- able one in the East, Middle West, and now California ranks as the leading state over all other states in the number of Cavies raised within its boundaries. This wonderful increase in the number of cavy breeders in California was brought about through the earnest en- deavors of America’s foremost cavy breeder, Dr. Roberts of Hollywood. Dr. Roberts, single-handed, started thou- sands of people raising this profitable little animal and today the Cavy takes its place with the poultry, rabbits, fruit and other things which enter largely into making a living for many people in California. For a number of years the Cavy was looked upon as a pastime or sort of a joke with big business people, but since the laboratory has been using them in large num- bers the American public realizes what an important industry it has become. If it had not been for the Cavies some of our most wonderful serums would never have been discovered. During the late war they were also used extensively for detecting gas before it would reach the lines. They would be placed out ahead of the front trenches and always gave warning to the troops. Eighty-seven PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS THOTUVIVUAUATALOVOLOVUVUUAURTVUALATOVOREVOVUVUOUAUOTOLOVOVOVOLOVUOUALOLALOLOLOTOLOVUVMEAUAUITOUOVOLOTEOOUOVOLIUOMILIVOLOVOUOTOVMUU HA UIVOVOTOOMEOTUULUEMO TOMO EERIE TOTOT TOTO IUU UCT PLDT Le A great many people also claim to have been cured of rheumatism by simply making a bedfellow of the Cavy. They are also used for exhibitions and a number of cases are on record where they have brought enormous prices. CHAS. S. GIBSON Chief Judge and Organizer of the National Breeders and Fanciers’ Association, Inc. For laboratory experimental purposes the short-haired English are the ones used and come in the following colors: Broken Colors, Red, Black, White; steam Eighty-eight PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OTUVOTITVONHATNVUOOTINTUONINTUOONTIUOVONIUCONIIUOOATIUCOGHITUOOATTOOHTIIUOOHIIUOGINITUOGAIIUOONIUUOOHTIVUONATIVUONILUOGAILUOOATUUUNALULUOAALULGGLIDLGILULUGARULLOLLLULUGALLOGORLULUGILLLLERLULUGARUCCOAALULOGALOLGAL Chocolate, Tortoise and White, Golden Agouti and Sil- ver Agouti. These varieties are also used as exhibition types. The Abyssinian are the rough, wiry Cavies with rosettes. They also come in solid and broken colors. To a large number of people the beautiful Peruvian long-hair is the finest of all exhibition cavies. The cost of producing Cavies is so small and the profit so large we find the industry growing in leaps and bounds. We find the women are taking to this new industry and it affords them much pleasure as well as profit. Very few of the Cavy breeders at the present time can begin to supply the demand, so the future of this industry looks very bright indeed. Cavies Are Always Contented, Easily Raised, Cared for and Shipped. Eighty-nine PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UUTTTATUALUAATMATAATUOAMOAUGRUOALOAUOAUOHUGAUGAUCOAUGAUOAUOGALAEOREOANUAEORUGALORUOALUOAUAAUOOUAMUMEOONLOAONUUONUOTONUOGNPATTONUOAHUNTVONIONUQNTLOVIONTONTVONUONUNNTOOTIONVONNNGNOONIONITANUOTIONINNTNVTTOVTONNTVIIN Climate and Cavies By ED: G: HABERSTROG, Cavy Exper 2140 South 35th Ave., Omaha, Neb. In territories where they experience extremely cold weather, as in the northern states, Cavies require differ- ent housing, and you should build warm quarters for them. However, cavies are not affected a great deal by heat or cold, but it is well that you protect them in the winter months by placing them in the basement near your furnace; if you area city raiser, you will find this a very convenient place for them, and is handy im canme for them at the same time that you care for the furnace. Cavies have no odor whatsoever if their hutches are kept dry and are cleaned at least once a week lr yom are located on a farm and have cattle or horses, it is well that you build your hutches in the same barn you keep the livestock, for the animal heat from the stock will keep them warm. Should you be a cavy raiser on a fairly large scale and have a hundred breeding sows or more, you should have a stove in your caviary that will take away the chill. How- ever, many breeders keep their stock out of doors winter and summer with no bad results, while others experience a considerable loss... Personally, I belteve thatveawies should be cared for and protected from the cold the same as any other animal, and they will repay you a thousand- fold by caring for them in the proper manner. Always have plenty of clean bedding in the hutches during cold spells if you are not located so that you can have warm quarters for them. Ninety PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS OTVVATUVOAUUNAUUOALCUOOLUQAMELUEMIUOGTULOOTUUUGTIUOATUUOALUUOALUUDAAUUGAUUUGAUUUAAULOGUUGAUOOAR OOOOH OOO UUM LLOOUEOOLUC URE EUUUEHOOHUUU LUGO UULGLLULERLORELLLUGLLULELLUGEUULELLLGE LUGE LU Many raisers do not water cavies in the winter time, providing they can secure green foodstuff, such as car- rots, beets, squash or any other vegetables which contain water, as most of these vegetables contain about 95 per cent water, and this is sufficient to care for their needs. ED G. HABERSTROH Cavy Expert 2140 South 35th Ave., Omaha, Neb. If you expect to have over one hundred breeding sows, it would be well that you erect a building about 10 feet wide by 20 feet long with a slanting roof, using tar paper for sheeting the inside of the building. A building of the above dimensions will house 500 breeding sows and can be put up at a cost of about $150. This may vary, accord- ing to the grade of material that you use. It is best to Ninety-one PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS UVATUGTUGRUORTUOTUGRUOATOGTVGTUGATOATUGTUOAUUAALOTUOTLOAVOAVOGAUOIUOAUOOTUGAUORLOATUADLORUOAUOAUUOUOAUOAOOAUOADUALUGAUOAUOADEOOUONUOAUOUGALOLULGAUOTVOAVUOTUOTVONOOILOTVON LOOT UOTOOAVEARUOIUOAVOAULOTVORUOAUA EOI LADLE have a wood floor in the building, or a dirt floor will do if you do not want to go to the expense of putting in a wooden floor. However, many breeders have cement floors, but in the winter this 1s cold and sometimes damp. Build your hutches 2 feet by 4 feet, using two trays in a hutch, which-are two feet square. This will make the Cavies Are the Greatest Mothers in the World. Note the Pose of the Mother Cavy So as Not to Lie on the Young. cleaning of the hutches very easy and you will not need to handle your cavies, for in handling them it scares them and they sometimes have premature young caused by fright. Cavies can be raised in any climate in the United States, only using judgment as to the territory where you are located. They are the easiest of all animals to raise and the most profitable, providing you have an estab- lished market for your stock, and the demand for good stock is advancing by leaps and bounds. Ninety-two PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS CTTOTTOTVUATVARUETTEATUOTATNATUATUOUNA TOO UOTUGHUOAUUALUOLEOHLUAUEALUGHLOAUOMULOAUOAUOAUOAUOAUOAUORUOAUCOAUALUOAUOAUOULOUOAUORULSUEOALOAUOAUUAUOATUONEOMMOAUOOUOTUOHUOA TOA EUORLOUORCOMPeOO TO TONTLOTLEHO TUTTI HOD The Cavy Industry of the South OTTO MARGIN EOCKE, Jr, Southern Cavy Expert, New Braunfels, Texas When we speak of the South we generally have Texas in mind simply because it is the biggest state in the Union. The South may not be as highly developed in the cavy industry as the other parts of America, but it is coming along good and ina few years I hope to see it on the map. So many people ask me how I keep my cavies, as they state that they never saw any plans of Southern cavy hutches. I build a nice rain and draft proof shed, better a nice little house wherein you can make the pens suc- cessfully, as it is not best to keep cavies out of doors here in winter. fa summer it is different. Then they may be turned loose on courts and they will be as contented as can be. site teed problemiis not hardin the South, as we can plant carrots the year round and they will do well. And carrots is a food cavies like. Alfalfa can also be grown the year round, but I have tried some of the new Hubam clover, have bought some pedigreed seed from the orig- inators and find it is wonderful for cavies and grows like weeds. We also feed milkweeds and thistles to cavies and they are the finest foods, in fact cavies fed with these two weeds grew exceptionally fast. Real often I receive inquiries as follows: “Is there a profit in raisirfg cavies in the South?” To these I reply, Ninety-three PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS VVOTUOHUUNTUGTUOTCUAUATUOTUOHUCNUONTONTTONLUATOOTUONLOAVONTUONLONVOAOGTOGTLONUOAUATUOTOOUAALOO UOT LONUOANUATUOUOULUMAUOOLOAUUAUUOAUOAUOAUOGUESIUOESUOAUAAUUGOLOTURATOANLOTOON UA UUATEORUOAUUAI VOLO TOALOOA OHI “Yes, there is a good profit in the raising of cavies in the South, and also a great pleasure!” Have bred cavies of all breeds and colors successfully ever since 1912 and find the South is just the ideal spot for cavies.- They thrive so wonderfully in our sunny South and I highly recommend the Southern people to take more interest in this noble animal. Yes, an animal OTTO: MARTIN LOCKE, Jr, that gives its blood and life to let human beings live! The cavy makes a wonderful pet and cavy meat is very good. | The cavy industry in the South is not at all developed as much as in other parts of America simply because pub- Ninety-four PROFIT IN GUINEA PIGS VUTOTIVOTVONTVONUONVTONTUOUUOATOGNCONTCONVOTIUONUOOTOOTOATLUGTUONTOOAIOOAUONTUOIUONUONPAARUOAAUOATUOATUOAUUORIVOLUUGMUUALUMAUUORLOOUUOLUOELOLUOOMOO OLA UUOLUOA UOMO LLUGLEUE IPO TLE IUO LOO UL LeRULE licity is lacking. I hope that through this book many people will be interested in cavies and join us in this great industry. Cavies can be raised successfully in outdoor hutches in the South, provided they are damp and draft proof. Cavies can stand a good deal of cold, but they cannot stand drafts or damp hutches. The best way to raise cavies in the South is to build a house about 12x14 and have the hutches in this house in tiers. Of course, suf- ficient light and ventilation is essential and anyone can make a nice caviary. About the feeding problems of cavies, we do not have tO wofry, aS we can raise green feed the year round here. J: dS Another good feed for cavies is alfalfa, which may either be fed green or cured. Green cornstalks are also excellent feeds for cavies and they will eat them whole. Cavies also do well on green or dried oats. I never feed my cavies mashes, as a mash will spoil within an hour if the cavies do not eat them. Whole and rolled oats are good cavy feeds, as well as rolled barley. Wheat bran is an excellent food for cavies. Se in conclusion I_say there isa great deal of profit in raising cavies in the South. More power to the cavy. Ninety-five TUPAUOTLOTHOTLATHATUUORUATUACUAUOAUOMAUGUAUOAUOAUOCUAUMAUUUOAUOUAUOAUOAUOUOMUUUMEUO UUM EO UOLOMUUOUOUUORUAUOAUOCUO TU TUUU OOTP UO UOCOOUM ULMER UECUOUOLERUAUOGUOAUOALOLLOLLOLOAULAULUUG COO CR CALL JOIN THE Western Cavy Breeders Association The Association Worth While Colorado Springs, Colorado Whatisit? Who isit? LIVE CAVY BREEDERS AND FPANGIERS: Why isit? It is its set purpose to promote the breeding of cavies in a profitable way—to boost the cavy in the showrooms by giving cash prizes to members at official shows—to boost and promote the cavy commercially as food in com- petition with poultry and rabbits. To have the now existing express rates reduced to a level with rabbits and poultry. We have said a great deal here in a few words. To accomplish this end we need your co-operation as a breeder, fancier and brother in the game. WHEN? Right now if you are alive and a booster. We want you. You want us. We also need your dol- lar. We need it along with all the rest we can get to accomplish the many good things we have in view for the benefit of the cavy industry and the man or woman therein engaged. Are you not willing to put a dollar a year against the time and labor our officers and members are devoting for the good of the cavy industry? Let us send you a membership card in “The Assocta- tion Worth While.” A one dollar bill or your personal check will do the trick. Send same to E. D. Wheeler, Secretary, Western Cavy Breeders’ Association, Colorado Springs, Colorado. Please mention this book when sending for application. onvenient Shipping Pens, or Can Be Used to Place Young in When Weaning Showing C Them TUVAVORTOGTUVATOATOGT TOA TUATURTOOT TOA TRT UO UUTUGTUOAUUAUA UGA UOALOAUUOUGAUOAUUOUOAUMAUOGOUOTUOAUOAAOAULOACOAOOAULONUOAROAUUONLONUOATOONUOTUOAOLONOOIVONUOOTOOAOOOVOOTLONNOAVOOTUOVVONLONILOTLON TOMI LOTUON TOOT OOH OTTGT ‘SLYaGON “V ‘f ‘Ud Ag ee NOLL OVASLE VS 9) aaa ‘ouIes 24} UI aq ued noA--J NOAMAAG 299 st ior 9809] JOU ][LM nok YoTYM—~ T NATALLSAANI 29 St = 00) “nod dpsy TM 14}--NOLLVIOOSSV 2° 8! == ‘nod 10] Asuoul oyeul eY)--CAL A VD JO} st == C| I -9sooys Nod JaAa Yorum LARVA 2°] st == A V J MUTTTTUTNTTTTUITTUUOTOUOUTTUUTTOUUHANNTIONUCTOUUUOCUUUTOOUUTOUUUTCUUUCTUUUUTCUUUICULCCULCCULUAUCUCCOLURITL ULL LCL LLC Leo LL cL Cavy Supplies ~ Order Them Today Health Salt Spools a Necessity for Cavies. You Will Surely Need Them. ROBERTS SALT SPOOLS OX/TEX-zz—9¥$— , <———4 S \ Aar@s NAIC SER OZ CT aes aoe eee es Sudvone Wi aa, eae ave $1.20 JARS—YOU NEED THESE ROBERTS \ CAVY JARS RSMeans Me atts eres cameras ck + oases BO pl acct $220 InGGzZen OF MOFe, GACH] +. erie»: sie 2 scapes s .20 For marking and tabulating cavies. Each card full data fOr a year. LEE TENS CA So aah ea I °c Se ol tds a ae $ .12 ROBERTS CAVY EAR TAGS Made of aluminum. Numbers stamped in the metal. Attach by punching a hole in the ear of the cavy, insert tag and then the washer, bend prongs to hold in place. TE PEPE Fay 1a ee non © tne See cg ia P20 ite ade PUNCHES GACH wins cfcraiere ecw te oo ee woes .50 ROBERTS HUTCH CARDS OTTTTUTMAAMLNAUAAOAUGAUOADAAAUAAUOAUOADLUAROAOORUAAUOAUOAUOGAUOTUOAAUONLOAUAAEOOOOALORLOAUAULOMUOAUOAEOOMOOTUOAUUAUUATLOGUOSEOITNGALOAUEAUUONUANCOTUONUOOUOONRONLONOOTUOTUCALONAOOILONOGTCOTOQICOTONVLOGTOTYT NTI Dr. J. A. Roberts’ Disinfectene is a combination of harm- less ingredients compounded after years of experiment and is especially adapted for use with all kinds of pet stock. It is the best product of its kind on the market. It can be used without injury on any kind of livestock or poultry. Price, per One-quart can. «2. 0 vko. ote eee $1.00 Sprayers, one. pimt capacity 2. 224.0 42255. soe ‘75 ROBERTS HEALTHENE To be used in drinking water for-cavies if they have a cold or are sickly. Just a teaspoonful in a quart of water is a preventive against colds, pneumonia, bowel trouble, etc. Full directions on each can. Price. “per ONE=PINt CaN s 4 sc she soe oh ee ... $1.00 HUTCH CLEANERS Made of steel and is a wonderful help in making hutch cleaning easy. Price, each)... i heatncss o 2 os ake a eee $1.00 CAVY LICE POWDER Used with powder gun and prepared especially for cavies. Directions on package. Price, 1th; ‘Cartoiic. 8... aco On eee $ .50 Jumbo: Powder iGun.. +2... coe oe eee .50 CAVY SULPHUR TONIC For purifying the blood, keeping the digestive system healthy. Recommended to counteract the effect of diseases, as abscesses, boils, skin eruptions. Price, l-lb: carton. .....6 foe eee $ .50 CAVY CONDITIONER Composed of mixed grains and herbs essential to build- ing up and strengthening the system and general health of the cavy. Price: 110-lb;. sacks) nc 4)N.) 5448-2) eee $ .50 DR. J. A. ROBERTS LABORATORIES, Inc. 6634 Sunset Boulevard HOLLYWOOD, CAL. UUUCUTUCUUATOCTAUCGVTTTOGHUTUOTEUVAHTUVGTTUGHTUAATUCHAVUAAUUARUCCORIAUARUCUAAUCUATUCOARUCOALEVOALUORALOOALUUORUOEARULOATLOOAAULUALECOAUULOALULORLUOARUCGALLCCUUCOAULOOARUCA CRUG LUUGARULGALLCCLUCGO UCLA LLCO 2140 South 35th Avenue Omaha, Nebraska Raise Guinea Pigs for Us WE SUPPLY STOCK AND GIVE YOU A CONTRACT Send 25 cents for big booklet giving you information and telling you about Cavies. ED HABERSTROH, Manager Established 15 Years Please mention this book when writing. BIG BOOK ON RABBITS The Greatest Book ever written on this subject by CHIEF JUDGE CHAS. S. GIBSON Organizer of SH EIE National Breeders and Fanciers Association INCORPORATED If You Are Interested in the Rabbit Industry You Should Have This Great Book Send One Dollar For Your Copy to Chas. S. Gibson Dept. R, Elwood, Indiana Please mention this book when writing. UUVOGHATUUONTUUUOAHTUUUOOHAUUUOONTLUOGATUUONAATOOOOTAUCONATILOOHOTIVOQATIUUUNHTIOOOVOUOOHAVUCOOIUONTILOUONILLOGGALUCUOATIOCOSTOUOGTAUCUAAOVECAHOLOCULHATOOUOTUOUOOTOIOGOGORUOUTVOUVOONOOIOOUHIOOUUGHTOLOOHIO LOCI WE BUY Thousands of CAVIES (Guinea Pigs) every year raised from foundation stock supplied by us. Why not get into this clean, profitable, pleasant busi- ness and make big money. Pays for Herself Three Times a Year Cavies are not hard to raise and take but little space; the work connected with it is clean and pleasant and each sow pays for herself three times a year for between eight and nine years. She costs $2.50 and should net you be- tween $7.50 and $8.00. They are doing it for hundreds of our raisers. What Counts Most When You Make a Purchase It is the integrity and character of the persons with whom you deal. We have been established for over fifteen years. In all that time our service has been consistent and our dealings fair. OUR CONTRACT Means much to our raisers. It gives them a guaranteed market. Call on us or send 25 cents for booklet— How to Make $2,000 a Year Dr. J. A. Roberts, Pres. H. G. Gaussen, Sec’y & Treas. Dr. J. A. Roberts Laboratories Incorporated 6634 Sunset Boulevard Hollywood, Calif. AUEVIYQQQUOUOQUNQCOUOCOON CUA EUEOOUDOODEVENUOENOOOSYQUUOOEDYEUOOOOYOCUUOAGOEUOOUOPANETUOUOOEUOYOTOTOOOTUUT EEOC PRGEY UPPED CUYD SUBSCRIBE NOW For the Leading Pet Stock Journal By All Means You Should Have This Valuable Journal Published Monthly $1.00 per Year Quidoor Enterprises for Pleasure and Profit Dept. R., 115 E. 31st St., Kansas City, Mo. BREEDERS ALL OVER Are Making Big Profits Selling This Book ee ES KG Profits in Guinea Pigs