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HANDBOUND AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS
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& hct Jjtourans of jart^irag,
or of % usipcn.
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a be
1
Unmuts 0f |aiiteimirt
€i| of JTu.'iifincn :
OTIIERWHK KN'OWN" AS
(§lti| 3Mc 4 Jltelmmtif:
Translated from the French of La Covdrette (about 1500—1520 A.D.).
EDITED FROM A UNIQUE MANUSCRIPT IN THE LIP.RARY OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE,
WITH AN
?mttotmttion, pies, anb (Tutorial lite,
REV. WALTER W. SKEAT, M.A.,
HI! l I I. LOW OK CHRIST'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, EDITOB OF LANCELOT OF THE LAIK, &C.
LOXDOX :
PUBLISHED FOR THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, BY N. TRUBNER & CO., GO, PATERNOSTER ROW.
IfDCCCLXVI.
PR
22
JOHN CHILD* AND SON, PBIKTEKS.
PREFACE.
I. DESCRIPTION OF THE MSS., &C.
Trie MS. from which tlie present poem has now for the first time been copied and edited, is one belonging to Trinity College, Cam- bridge (where its class-mark is E. 3. 17), and which is believed to be unique. It is written (on paper) in a clear but somewhat Loose handwriting of the beginning of the sixteenth century, or possibly of the latter part of the fifteenth. I am inclined to guess that it may appear to be of a somewhat later date than it really is, from the pos- sibility of its not having been written by a professional scribe; that is t<> say, if we are to take literally the lines near the conclusion,
Sin at your request and commaundement
Tin's warke on me toke, it to fourge and make ;
And so haue I don after myne entent
With litterall carectes for your sake,
Tham conueying in sable lines blake, &c, which seem to imply that the maker of the translation wrote it out with his own hand. This, however, of course involves two other assumptions; viz. that this particular copy is the original (perhaps the only) one, and that the translator was one who did not employ a scribe. The MS. is nearly perfect, but two leaves are wanting, viz. fol. 1 and fol. 88. The sense of the latter has been easily sup- plied from a French MS. which will be described shortly, but foL 1 contained original matter which might have told us more about the translator himself. As each page contains exactly four stanzas of seven lines each, we have thus lost 56 lines at most ; but the precise
11 PREFACE.
number being uncertain, the lines of the Prologue have been num- bered separately. Had the MS. been perfect, tlie whole number of folios would have been 124.
On the margins of some of the leaves side-notes have been made in a much later hand. As these relate to the story, they have all been copied, and will be found in the foot-notes. On a vellum fly- leaf at the beginning are the marks of ownership —
"Liber Eicardi St Georg )
-vr t, . [ fero et spero " —
JNorroy Kegis armor um ) '■
and below this —
" Beaupre Bell, de Beanpre Hall in Com. Norf. API2TEYEIN."
By the latter of these it was presented to Trinity College.
On the front of this fly-leaf there is written, in a very scrawly
handwriting which it is very difficult to read, the following short
poem, which seems worth transcription.
" masteres anne,
1 ame your man,
as you may well espye ;
if you will be
content with me,
I am merrie, [say 1.] '
but if you will
kepe company still
with every knaue yat comes by ;
what boteth [be]
faythefull to [me,] 2
I am, &c.
but if you fayne,
I tell you playne,
if 1 slmlde presently die,
I will none suche
1 The word "irrrrie" is hardly legible, and the line is incomplete. * " he " and " me" have been cut off in the binding ; there are also two other readings of these two lines, through which the pen has been drawn, viz.
" then shall you be — forsaken of me," and,
" then kepe you still— to werkc your will."
PREFACE. Ill
as loues to muche, I am, &c.
For if you can lone euery man yat can flatter & lie, then are not ye no mache for me, I am, &c.
For I will not take
no suche kinde of mak[e,]
as you shall full well it trie,
yat of wil me cast
at euery blast ;
I am merrie, &c." The present text is as close a fac-simile of the MS. as printing allows of, all its peculiarities being preserved as far as possible, such as, e.g. the use of the long s (f), and the occasional occurrence of a small letter at the beginning of a line. Every stanza begins with a large red capital, indicated by the large printed letter. The expan- sions of the various contractions, which occur but seldom, are indi- cated by italics. A hyphen within a word, such as in "vn-to" (Prol. 1. 63), means that the syllables are written with a space between them. Letters or words between square brackets — such as in columb[e]re, 1. 125 — do not exist in the MS., but have been supplied because they are necessary. To ensure accuracy, the proof- sheets have been twice compared with the MS. throughout the poem. I am of course responsible for the punctuation, marks of paren- thesis and quotation, side-notes, &c.
The peculiarities of the MS. that have not been observed are these : — full points occurring at the ends of lines ' ; the strokes through the upper part of the letter h when it follows c, g, or t; slight tags to /, g, t, and //, which (in this MS. at least) mean no- thing ; and the fine downstrokes Avhich are introduced as metrical marks. These are often left out, and were merely intended to shew
1 When one occurs in the middle of a line it has been inserted between marks of parenthesis, as at 1. 95.
a2
IV PREFACE.
•where a pause might he best made in the middle of a line when re- cited aloud. Such strokes occur of tenest after the fifth syllable, often after the fourth, rarely after the sixth. In the first stanza of the Poem, p. 8, one occurs three times, as thus : —
Hit is fo in trouth / in time aunc?'on, After the time / that OctauiAn was, .... And A man ful ripe / in other clerigie.
The lines most frequently consist of ten syllables, which require a slow and measured pronunciation to make them melodious. The — e and - — es at the end of words must often be fully pronounced.
The construction of the sentences, owing to some peculiarities of grammar, is not unfrequently obscure, and the question of punctua- tion in particular often presented difficulties, but nearly all doubts of this kind have been completely removed by a very fortunate circumstance, which, as I believe, has nearly doubled the value of the present edition. A MS. (marked LI. 2. 5) belonging to the Cambridge University Library was kindly pointed out to me by Mr Lradshaw, of King's College, which contains, in French, the whole of the very romance of which the present edition is a translation. The copy which our translator used must have resembled this, very closely indeed, though a few differences of reading can be traced ; and, as a consequence, this French MS. has proved of the utmost service, and a constant reference to it has explained many a sentence, phrase, and word, which would else have proved puzzling ; whilst a comparison of the two throughout has well decided the punctuation. Tlic French MS. is in all respects superior to the English one; it is older, clearer, and better written, and the language is easier and more poetical. It is of the fifteenth century, on paper, and contains 165 written leaves, followed by a few blank ones. Of these, the firsi 148 are occupied by the "Romance of Melusine," and the rest chiefly by a Chronicle of events in French history, arranged in short paragraphs under their proper years, the last entry referring to the year 1454. Xumerous extracts from it, illustrative of doubtful points, will be found in the notes, and the whole of the Prologue to the poem, carefully copied from it, will be found at p. 229.
Besides these two, there is also a copy of the Romance in prose
FKEFACE. V
in tlie British Museum (BibL Keg. 18. B. ii) consisting of 219 folios, and entitled — in a later hand — "A Chronicle of Melusine in olde English, compiled by Ikon of Arras, and dedicated to the Duke of Berry and Auuergne, and translated (as yt skoulde seeme) ont of Frenche into Engkske." But tins, as will be more fully explained presently, gives a different version of tke story, and I kave not made much use of it. Still, a few extracts from it will be found in tke notes, and one of some length on a later page of this preface.
There is also, among tke Additional MSS. in tke British Museum, a short abstract of the Poem in Icelandic, entitled "Melucinse og Bemunds Saga." It is, however, of late date and little value. It contains seven short chapters, and begins on fol. 62b of MS. 4670.
Several quotations will be found in the notes from a book of which the title is — " Histoire des dues de Bourbon et des comtes do Forez : par Jean-Marie de la Mure " — printed at Paris in 18G0 from a MS. bearing the date 1675. The author accepts a large portion of the romance as genuine history, and works out genealogies and titles witk tke most laborious minuteness. Several of kis state- ments are certainly open to question, but the book is interesting as illustrating tke romance ; see particularly book ii. chapters 77—81.
II. SOME ACCOUNT OF THE ROMANCE.
Tke first mention of the Romance is in connection with Jean d Anas : of whom some account is given in tke " Biographie Universelle," He was secretary to the Due de Berri, who was brother to Charles V., king of France, and uncle to Ckarles VI., and also notorious for exercising great severity as governor of Lan- guedoc In tke year 1387, tke duke bade Jean d'Anas to write tins romance for tke amusement of kis (tke duke's) sister, tke Duckesse de Bar. Tke famous deeds of tke fairy Melusine had been long before this recorded in some documents that had been eaivfullv preserved in the castle of Lusignan. To these Jean trusted for the main portion of his work, but added much of his own. It seems probable that it was at first written in Latin, as we
VI PREFACE.
find in the Catalogue of MSS. of Gaul, Switzerland, &c, by D. G. Hsenel, the following entry : — " 187. Roman de Melusine ; traduc- tion en vers du latin de Jean d'Arras."1 But it is prohahle that it was not long before there was also a French prose translation in existence, which may have been made by Jean d'Arras himself. This seems to agree with the statement in the Cambridge MS., "Deux beaulx liures furent trouuez En latin, et tous approimtez, Quon list translator en franco is (see p. 231) ; or as our English translator puts it,
" Within the toure of noble mabregon To faire bolus were fonden ther-on In latin, And all preuyd at deuife, That men made tranllat in moft frenfheft wyfe." It is this version of the story which is given by the British Museum prose romance, which begins by invoking the " Creatour of alle Creatines," and continues thus. " And to the plaisire of my Right high, mighti, and doubtid lord Johan, sone to the kyng of Fraiuice,2 due of Berry & of Auuergne. The whiche hystory I haue bygon^e after the veray & true Cronykles wliich I haue had of hym and of the Erie of Salesbmy 3 hi England, & many other bokes that I haue sought & ouerredde for to acomplysshe hit. And bycause that his noble suster Mary, doughtir to the kyng John of Fraunee, duchesse of Bar, had Requyred my said lord for to haue the said historye; the whiche in fauour of her [he] hath doon as moche to his power as he might, to serche the very trouth & true historye ; and hath conmaunded me for to do drawe alle alonge thistorye whiche heraftur foloweth. And I, as of herte diligent, of my poueye witt & connyng, [d<>] us nygh as I can the pure trouth of hys gracyo^s
conmiandement Whiche this present hystorye I byganne the
Wensday, Baynt Clementis day,4 in wynter, the yer of our lord mccclxxxvii. ; beseching alle them that shalle rede or here it Redde
1 So also Brunet, in his " Manuel de Libraire," speaks of this romance as "tire du lulii) de Jean d'Arras."
'-' Jean 1 1., mentioned a few lines below. 3 See note to Prol. 1. 178.
4 Nov. 23. But, in 1387, Nov. 23 was a Saturday; the letters vii probably mean iiii, mistaken for uii ; for 1381 brings it right.
PREFACE. Vll
that they wil pardonne me my fawte yf their be eny. For certaynly I haue composed it the moost lustly that I coude or haue mowe, aftir the Cronykles whiche I suppose certaynly to be trew."
The earliest printed edition of this Romance is thus described by Brunet (Manuel du Libraire, ed. 18G2, iii. 519). "Jean d' Arras. La Melusine. ' Cy finist le liure de Melusine en francoys, imprime par maistre Adam Steinschaber, natif de Suinfurt, en la noble cite de Geneue '. 1478. in-fol. goth. fig. en bois." It was one of the very first books printed at Geneva. Since then, editions have been very numerous,1 as well in Spanish and German as in French ; and the story is altogether very familiarly and very widely known upon the continent.
We now come to the second and later form in which the Romance commonly appears.
In the Catalogue of the Library of the due de la Valliere, (Paris : 1783), vol. iiv p. 260, there is an account of a fine MS. on vellum of "Le Roman de Melusine, ou de Partenay, ou de Lusignan." The romance is followed by a chronicle in prose of events in French history from the year 1403 to 1454.
There is little doubt but that the Cambridge MS., already described, altogether agrees with this, but is not so fine a copy. This version is in octosyllabic metre, and was undertaken by one named La Coudrette, a Poitevin, at the request of William, lord of Parthenay, and continued after this William's death (in 1401), at the request of his son, John of Parthenay, of whom there are profuse praises towards the close of the poem. La Coudrette tells us, in his prologue,2 that he had three books to refer to, and he professes to have done little more than re-arrange his materials. When these failed, he broke off the narrative,3 not venturing to continue it with- out due authority. He is also careful to tell us 4 that his was not the first attempt at versifying the story, and he therefore deprecates all credit for his performance. The reader will observe that the one version only preceded the other by a period which is less than
1 See Brunet ; also the La Valliere catalogue, vol. ii.? p. 642 ; and the Conversa- tions-Lexicon, s.v. Melusine.
2 Pro!. 11. 154-189. 3 See 11. 6398, 6399. 4 Prol. 1. 159—161.
Vlll PREFACE.
fourteen years. I may add here that there is an excellent modern version of the story in German to he found in Tieck, which I have often found of service. It is written partly in prose and partly in verse, hut it is clear that in the prose portion Tieck has often adopted the very words of La Coudrette's version, so that a close comparison of them often explains minor difficulties. So common indeed is the story in Germany that an abstract of it can he had in the form of a " Volkshuch " for a couple of groschen, in which the principal circumstances of the legend are very well and clearly told.
III. THE LEGEND.
The subject of the legend may be most briefly shewn by an ex- tract from a well-known work, which also discusses the name of the heroine.1 " Melisenda is, in Spanish ballad lore, the wife of Don Gayferos, and, being taken captive by the Moors, was the occasion of the feats that were represented by the puppet-show in which Don Quixote took an unfortunate lively interest.2 Melisende again was the princess who carried the uneasy crown of Jerusalem to the house of Anjou ; and, perhaps, from the Provencal connection of the English court, Lady Melisent Stafford bore the name in the time of Henry the Second, whence Melicent has become known in England, and never quite disused, though often confounded with Melissa, ;i bee, and sometimes spelt Milhcent.
Melusinb was a nymph who became the wife of the Lord de Luzignan, or Lusignan,3 on condition that he should never intrude upon her on a Saturday ; of course, after a long time, his curiosity Mas excited, ami stealing a glance at his lady in her solitude, he beheld her a serpent from the waist downward! With a terrible shriek she was lost to him for ever; but she left three [ten] sons, all bearing some deformity, of whom Geoffroi mi grant dent was the
1 Miss STonge: on Christian Names, vol. i., p 2~>7.
- In the original Spanish, it is spilt Melisendra — " Melisendra libertada por el famoso 1>. Gaiferos." Don Quijote : parte ii. cap. xxv.
" Pr&s de la villi- de Montbrison, il y a une paroisse qui porte encore [a.d. 1675] le propre nom de Lezigniacum ou Leziniacum, qui est le vnii nom latin de la Maison de Lusignan ainsi communement nomme, quoiqu' elle dut etre appelee Lezignem." De i.\ More: Histoire des dues de Bourbons, &c, p. 495. The " Conversations- Lexicon " makes Lusineem an anagram of Mulusine, but this is clearh a wrong form of the word.
PREFACE. IX
most remarkable. Prose makes this gentleman the son of Eustachie ( Jhabot, heiress of Vouvant, but the. Melusine tradition lingers round his castle of Lusignan, near Poictiers ; and to this day, at the fairs of that city, gingerbread cakes are sold, with human head and serpent tail, and called melusines. A cri de Melusine is, likewise, a proverbial expression for a sudden scream, recalling that with which the unfortunate fairy discovered the indiscretion of her lord.
The story is a frequent one ; it occurs in Brittany, where the spell was broken by the husband speaking the word death before his fairy Avife ; and in Wales, where the lady is called a "pellen."
We may recall, too, Keats' s "Lamia;" and how she disappeared as Apollonius uttered the word " serpent" for the second time — "A serpent !" echoed he ; no sooner said, Than with a frightful scream she vanished — a story which, as Burton tells us, is to be found in Philostratus, in his fourth book de vita Apollonii.1
To come somewhat more to particulars, I may first observe that the prose version is much longer and contains many more details than the rimed one ; 2 and that the story resolves itself into these several parts. (1) The story of king Hehnas and the enchanted mountain ; (this part of the story is inserted in the rimed version near the end, but the prose version puts it in its proper place at the beginning ;) (2) Raymond and Melusine ; (3) the deeds of their sons ; (-4) the legend of Sparrow-hawk Castle; and (5) Palestine's treasure in Arragon. I now give a very brief abstract of these, referring the reader for further details to the "Index of Names" at the end of this volume.
I. King Helmas. Helmas was king of Albany, who married a fairy
1 "L'histoire de Melusine est une vielle fable dont le cadre, nettement trace, existoit deja au xiie siecle ; du reste, cette tradition de la femrae-serpent doit etre beaucoup plus ancieune et n'est peut-etre pas sans quelque rapport avec le Dracon- calopedes, et memo avec la deesse Dcrceto des Syriens." De la Mure : Sistoin , «fec. : note by the editor.
2 It records more of the valiant deeds of Raymond and others, and especially of Geoffrey ; and it mentions many minor details which the later version altogether omits. For example, when Uriens and Guy depart on their adventures, the prose romance tells us how their mother Melusine gave them two magic rings as amulets ; and in like manner she gives two similar rings to Raymond just before her disap- pearance, to protect him from barm and misfortune. (Seefol. 65 and/o/. 188.)
a3
X PREFACE.
named Presine, to whom he swore a vow, that he would never go to see her at the time of child-birth. Presine had three daughters at a birth, whom she named Melusine, Melior, and Palestine. Helmas then broke his promise, and the three children in revenge, being themselves endued with fairy power, shut him up in an enchanted mountain till his death (pp. 152 — 101). Presine, angry at this,, pun- ishes each of them with different evil destinies. Melusine was partly to turn into a serpent every Saturday ; Melior was to be banished for ever to Sparrow-hawk Castle in Armenia; and Palestine to keep unceasing watch over king Helmas' treasure, which was deposited on a mountain-top in Arragon.
II. Count Raymond. A rich earl of Poitiers, named Amery, adopted Raymond, the youngest son of the earl of Forest. In a boar-hunt, Raymond accidentally slays his benefactor; and soon after, whilst riiling aimlessly about absorbed in grief,is surprised by the sudden sight of three beautiful damsels (Melusine, Melior, and Palestine). The eldest, Melusine, promises him all earthly prosperity if he will marry her; but he is to swear that lie will never inquire whither she repairs on a Saturday. After some years, he secretly watches her on that day, and perceives her with her serpent's tail. He is deeply grieved, and being very penitent, is forgiven for the present. But afterwards, in a moment of rage at hearing of the death of his son Fromount, he calls her a "serpent!" she swoons with horror, and after an expostulatory farewell glides out at the window in a serpent's form, passing round the castle three times, at each time uttering a terrible and mournful cry. Raymond is afterwards abs tlved by the p ipe, and becom s a hermit at M mtserrat in Arra- gon, where he dies at a gn al age.
III. Their Sons. Raymond and Melusine had ten sons, all marked (excepl the two youngest) with some blemish, and nearly all remarkable for their great valour and extraordinary suc- cess. Of these, [Jriens becomes king of Cyprus; Oede was lord of the marches of Poitiers ; Guy was king of Armenia. ; Anthony, duke of Luxemburg; Raynold,king of Bohemia; whilst Geoffrey with the great tenth, who succeeded his father as lord of Part benay, performed many prodigies of valour, slaying the giant Guedon in Guerrande,
PREFACE. XI
the giant G-rimold in Northumberland, and discovering all the wonders of the enchanted mountain. But the seventh son, Fromount, dis- graced the family by becoming a monk, for which act his l)rother Geoffrey burnt him alive with all his fellow-monks, abbey and all. The next, Horrible, was put to death by Melusine's order, for fear of the wickedness he would else commit. The two- last were horn some time after the rest, and were named Raymond and Thierry ; Ray- mond ' became earl of Forest, and Thierry succeeded Geoffrey as lord of Parthenay.
IV. Sparrow-hawk Castle. In this castle, which was in Ar- menia, the lady Melior was to abide for the rest of her days, as above told. Presine had given her the power of granting a boon to any knight who watched the deathless sparrow-hawk which was within the castle, for three days and nights without sleeping. He was to have whatever he liked, except Melior herself as wife. The story tells how a king of Armenia dared to ask this, and how he was punished.
V. Palestine's treasure. Palestine guarded her father's treasure at the top of a mountain in Arragon, which is variously spelt Courgo, Coinqs, Quonig, &c. In this she was assisted by a huge serpent witli a huge eye, and by a great bear and innumerable snakes that infested tlic lower part ^l' the mountain. The story tells how an English knight slew the bear, ami passed by all the snakes, but was swallowed bodily by the great serpent, in whose mouth he appeared no bigger than a pasty does in an oven.
The rimed romance concludes with many praises of John of Par- thenay, with a lament for his father's death, and, at the end. a solemn litany for the preservation of the family and lineage of Parthenay. La Coudrette discusses the proper name to be given to the romance, and decides that it ought to be named either the "Romans of Partenay," or the "Romans of Lusignen" ; to which decision I have therefore adhered.51
The translator appends a short epilogue of his own, as he had previously prefixed a few lines to the old French prologue.
The story of Melusine is alluded to by several historical writers.
1 See Index of Xamcs; s.v. Raymond (2). 2 See U. 6116—6421.
Xll PREFACE.
Thuanus ' speaks of the excellent situation of the castle of Lusignan, strongly fortified as it was by a wide fosse and two large towers, and conspicuous for its " Melusine's tower," and " Geoffrey's gateway ; " the latter being so called, according to Brantome, from the colossal statue of Geoffrey au grant dent which surmounted it, Thuanus also mentions the famous fountain (for the marvellous origin of which see p. 32 of the present volume) in the words — " in ima turre fons Melusinae a poetis nostratibus decantatse fabidis famosus scatet." Both Mezeray2 and Brantome3 record the sad fate of this famous , which was razed to the ground by the Due de Montpensier in 1574, because it had been determined to pidl down all the for- tresses wherein the Huguenots had been accustomed to take refuge. Mezeray's words with regard to Melusine are remarkable. " The greal acts of Melusine," he says, "her riches, her extraordinary knowledge, which she derived either from communication with higher intelligences, or rather perhaps from the cabala of the Rabbins who were then very numerous in France, have procured her immortal renown in the mouth of posterity; who, not knowing her real history, have invented marvellous tales concerning her. These I leave fco amuse old woraen and children. But I am enabled to report, on the credit of many persons of honour, and who are not generally thought credulous, that it has been observed that whenever one of her descendants, or a king of France, was about to die, she appeared on the great tower in a widow's 4 habit, and uttered long and terrible cries; thai she was thus seen before the siege of nan ; and that, when her castle was about to be demolished, -lie' was seen longer than ever before, shrieking aloud in so lament- able a voice that she cleft all hearts with pity; but that she has since never been seen or heard save very rarely. Si cela est ainsi (I here give his own words) les Theologiens en rechercheront la cause, t nous enseigneroni si nous devons croire que des pareilles choses proviennent, ou de la malice des demons, qui se plaisent a mettre
1 Thuanus : lib. lix. § xi.
Mezeray ; Histoire de la France, tome iii. p. 359 (fol. 1685). 3 Brantome ; Capitaines Francoises ; tome iii. p. 369.
1 Brantome also expressly calls her " veufve," so that the historical account is that •<!) c outlived Raymond, instead of disappearing so suddenly as iu the romance.
PREFACE. 1111
les homines en peine par ces illusions ; on de la bonte de Dieu, qui pour monstrer dux incredules Vimmortalite de Vame, et les merveilles de l'autre monde, veut permettre aux esprits heroiques de paroitre quelquefois en celuy-cy dans les lieux qu'ils ont ainiez durant leur vie."
Brantome also testifies, but less strongly, to these miraculous reappearances ;' and especially laments the destruction of the fine castle, for which many spoke of the Due de Montpensier in terms of bitter execration. The ruins of the castle can now scarcely be traced. Miss Costello has recorded her extreme disappointment when visit- ing the site of them.2
With regard to the question just above raised by Mezeray as to the existence of fairies, the following extract from the prose romance is very interesting, and may serve also as a specimen of it.
" AVe baue thenne herd sey and telle of our auncyents, that hi manye partes of the sayd land of Poytow haue ben shewed vnto many oon Eight famylerly many manyeres of thinges the which som called Gobelyns, the other Fayrees, and the other bonnes dames or good ladyes; and they goo by nyght tynie and entre within the houses without opnyng or brekyng of ony doore and take & here somtyme with them the children out of their cradell&s, and somtyme the}' turne them out of theyre wit, and somtyme they brenne & Eoste them before be fyre, and whan they departe fro them they leue them as hoole as they were before, and som gyue grette happe & Fortune in this world. And yet haue I herd say of oon Geruase, a man wor- shipfull & of credence, that som other fauntasyes appyeren by nyght tyme vnto many oon in dyuerse places in lyknes of wymen with old face, of low and lytil stature or body, whiche dide scoure pannes and potts and dide suche thinges as a mayde or sernaunt oughte to doo, lyberaly & without dooyng of any harme. And also he saith for certayn that in his tyme he had a frend that was auncyent & old,
1 Cf. note to 1. 3711.
2 Miss L. S. Costello; Beam and the Pyrenees, vol. i.. p. 140. She gives a sketch of the legend, and adds that Bouchet, in his chronicles, says he cannot find that any duke or count of Poitou was ever called Bertrand or Aymery ; whence he concludes that the whole story is one of those which it is impossible to believe, but which are at the same time dclictalle to read.
XIV PREFACE.
which Recounted for troutli that in hys dayes he hadd seen many tymes such thinges." (fol. 2 b.)
Jean d' Arras then goes on to give several instances of men who had married fairies, always under certain conditions, and specially mentions one whom " Geruase" well knew, viz., Sir Kobert du Chastel Eoussel of the province of Asy, who found a fairy in a meadow, and married her on the understanding that he was never to behold her stripped ; but happening one day to see her in this condition, she immediately " putte her heed into a watre, & was tourned into a serpent." (fol. 3.) With regard to Melusine's re-appearance before calamities, and to her tending her youngest son, Thierry, as described at p. 140, the reader may compare the following. " In German tradition the name of Berchta is given to the so-called White Lady, who appears in many houses when a member of the family is about to die, and, as we have seen, is thought to be the ancestress of the race. She is sometimes seen at night tending and nursing the children, in which character she resembles the Keltic fairy. In other and more wide- spread traditions, the White Lady is an enchanted or spell-boimd damsel, who usually every seventh year appears near some mountain or castle, points out treasures, and awaits her release.1 Sometimes she is seen combing her long locks or drying flax-knots. Some pre- tend that, like Huldra, she is disfigured by a tail."2 The story entitled "How Count Baldwin of Flanders married a devil"3 lias several points of resemblance to that of Melusine ; but Melusine is always represented as most loving and beneficent.
IV. THE LANGUAGE OF THE POEM.
Judging by the occasional occurrence, of plural verb-endings in — en, the dialect would appear to be Midland ; but the lateness of the MS. renders such speculation doubtful I may remark, how- ever, thai 1 have observed that many of the words used occur in the Promptorium Parvulorum, with the same peculiarities of spelling. The chief points to he noted are these.
We find plural verb-endings of the indicative present in — en;
1 This clearly applies to the legends of Melior and Palestine. 2 B. Thorpe ; Northern Mythology, vol. i., p. 279. 3 Ditto, vol. hi., p. 283.
PREFACE. XV
as, (filial, shinen; and also of tlio past tense, as weren. Tlio past tense of weak verbs ends in — ed, and the past participles end in — ed or — i/d, The past participles of strong verbs end in — en, — yn, and even — ing or — yng ; as founden, forsaiden (1290), wroughten, throwen, coruen, yeuyn (18G0), talcing (4921), tdkyng (1754), yeung (1799). Even the infinitive mood sometimes ends in — ing or — yng} as enlesing (5625), yeuyng (1528). Present parti- ciples end in — ing, — yng, — and, — ant. Examples of the latter forms are trenchand (3045), distrussand (4082), Ioynant (4513). But the most characteristic marks of the poem are these ; (1) the con- tinual omission of inflexions, so that we meet with reste = rested, yilde= yielded, gi/= given, whilst diffend (1468) is to be compared with deffendyd (2105); so too goo = gone, Z>e = been, mysdo = misdone ; (2) an extraordinary partiality on the part of the writer for the present participle, which he continually compels to serve both for the present and past tenses of the indicative; see musing — mused (363) ; and (3) a continual omission of the personal pronouns — see note to Prol., 1. 4— and even of the verb to be, which gives many sentences an awkward look, and obscures the meaning. As a genitive case-ending, — is twice occurs written apart from the word, as sone is = son's (28), and Tristram is = Tristram's (5750). By comparing Tristram-is with Tristram his (6008), we have a good example of the unhappy substitution of his for the genitive case- ending; a change to which proper names were very liable. It is further remarkable that this case-ending is constantly neglected altogether, as cast/11 strength, Italy lore, medee auise, fadir deth, for castle's strength, lady's lore, Medea's advice, father's death. The following past tenses are noticeable : fly (flew), blent, glint, rought (recked), sly (slew), dine (clove), grint (ground), lepe, emulate (conducted). Some of the past participles have prefixes ; as, I-graunted, I-thought, A-congueste (2492), A-stoned, generally spelt stoned. Also to-stoniste, to-chapped, to-rent occur, from the verbs to-stonish, to-cha/i, to-rend. Owing to the frequent occurrence of y auoir in the Erench, the translator constantly uses had or was had in place of was, and laid or were had for were. Similarly, the occurrence of tho French elle induces him to use she in place of it more than once. The accusa-
XVI PREFACE.
tivo case me is curiously used, as me moste goo — I must go, speke me shall = I shall speak. Me is also found, as commonly elsewhere, in the sense of the Fr. on. The plural bretherin occurs twice.
Of adjectives, we find many double comparatives, as, more leuer, more fairer; and superlatives, as moste hieste, moste gretteste. The forms bryghty, moist y, occurring for bright, moist, are very significant as pointing to the full pronunciation of the final — e in old authors, being no doubt corruptions of brighte, moiste. So too pitty is written instead of pitte = pit. The forms breueloker = brieflier, and good- lokest = goodliest, are worth remark, as instances of forms common in older MSS. The adverbs fro-hens, fro-thens, wher-hens, ther-hens, ther-thens, occur often. The adverb xcell is generally spelt icill, which. is at first sometimes perplexing. Sonly occurs instead of soon in 1. 4078. In and inly mean very, extremely.
The conjunctions yut (yet) and os (as) are strong provincial forms. The preposition toward admits of separation, as to-Brehaigne-ward (2117, 2151). Double negatives are common. The forms not-for- \>at (nevertheless) and neuer-for-neuer (never at any time) are curious.
A few words as to spelling. Th seems to have often had the sound of t ; as we find thought, thovme, tliaken. thouchyng, thyme, meaning taught, town, taken, touching, time. Compare whyth, with, and whent, went. Such words as crying, rejoying, noying, are spelt cryng, reioyng, noyng. We find, too, piteuous, shameuous, beauteuous, hi<l a* m*, fin' piteous, &c. World is .spelt both worle and icordle, and for worldly we find worly and wordly. But one of the most curious freaks is that two letters are often transposed ; continually is for written when fro is meant; and traying, presone, beded, presight, aduersite, berres, ther, secerly, perdestinat, portared, sogren, all noticed in the foot-notes, are simply errors for tarying, persone, bedde, perjight, aduertise, fo'eres, thre, secrely, predestinat, portraed, sogern, respectively. It is curious that r is the letter shifted, in nine instances out of eleven. We are thus left somewhat uncertain as to whether the spellings refershing, crossing are intentional, or whether they should he altered to refreshing, classing. Cf. the O.E. kerse, brid, for cress, bird.
PREFACE. XV11
It only remains for me to explain why my name appears alone on the title-page, instead of jointly 'with that of the Rev. J. Rawson Lnmby, as at first advertised. Mr Lnmby had done his full share of the transcription, viz. the latter half of the poem, from 1. 3151 to the end, and had begun to add side-notes, when he was compelled by stress of work to relinquish the task. He has nevertheless been ever ready with suggestions and advice, and to him therefore are my thanks especially due ; as also to Mr Bradshaw (as before mentioned), and to the authorities of Trinity College, who Lave allowed me the unrestrained use of their manuscript.
CORRECTIONS, ETC.
P. 9, 1. 28. For "fone is" read "fone-is," to show that is is the genitive case-ending ; see preface, p. xv.
P. 19, 1. 347. For " fakq " read " faluz."
P. 22, 1. 443. The reading "ne" is certainly right. See the note.
P. 2G, 1. 554. I am not sure that I am right in displacing the MS. reading "os," and substituting "as"; for though "as" is the usual form, still "os" occurs no less than four times, viz. in 11. 554, 2076, 3372, and G424. Os = a,8, occurs in Piers Plowman; Harl. MS. 875; Passus III; and in other MSS.
P. 45, 1. 1095. Insert a hyphen in " ther-thens."
P. G4, 1. 1723. The MS. has "ftafte." But I propose to read "ftafte." See Glossary.
P. 82, 1. 22G9. For "Anly " read " And."
P. 85, 1. 2339. The MS. reading "will " should he retained.
P. 100, 1. 2792. The MS. has "fhifte;" but I propose " f hifte." See ( rlossary.
P. 139, 1. 39G4. Add a comma at the end of the line.
P. 150, foot-note. For " 3492 " read " 3942."
P. 181, foot-note. For " by mistake " read " intentionally." I have since noticed that wherever the word "pope" occurs, it has a line (a very thin one) drawn through it.
P. 188, 1. 545G. For « yift " read " yift."
P. 20G, 1. 5992. For " displaide " read " difplaide." .
P. 215, 1. G297. For « parfight " read " parfight."
CORRECTIONS, ETC. XIX
Notes. Lino 975. St. Jougon is probably St. Jouin, in the arron- dissement of Partbenay, celebrated for good white wine. Penny Gycl
Line 980. Probably ris means Buys, near Rennes.
Line 5414. The eve of St. John the Baptist was an appropriate time for the adventure. In Thorpe's Northern Mythology (vol. iii., p. 140), we read that "treasures burn especially on St. John's night, and those who know how can [then] raise them."
Line 6210. This feast is not called St. Louis' day ; for that is Aug. 25, the day of his death.
©Ijc Ilomans of IJartemtg, or of f unpen.
[Fol. 1 is wanting.]
yp ^F ^F -tF *t* tt ^f
FOr full fayne I wold do that myght you pleafe, yff connyng I had in it to procede ; To me wold it he grete plefauuce and eafe,
[Fol. 2.] I would gladly, had I the cun- ning, forge some- thing here to
4 yff aught here might fourge to youre wyl in dede ; my soul is barren,
But harayne is my foule,1 fauting connynghede, Xatheles in it wil I make progreffe, Euermore truftyng to youre gentilneffe.
and lacks skill.
8 T not aqueynted of "birth naturall
J- With fice[»]fhe his verray trew parfightneffe, Nor enpreyntyd is in mynde cordiall ; 0 word For other myght take hy lacheffe, 12 Or perauenture hy vnconnyngneffe ; For frenfhe rimed or metred alway Ful oft is ftraunge in englifhe to difplay.
As nighe as metre will conclude fentence, Folew I wil here my prefident, Byght as the frenfhe wil yiff me euidence, Cereatly after my?* entent ; Al-be-hit I am vnfufficient, 20 Ne can noght peynt my hoke as other he, Vrider youre fupporte yut aunter wyl me.
1 MS. " foule." 1
I am not ac- quainted by birth with the perfec- tion of French, and may mistake one word for another; for rhymed French is difficult to be dis- played in English.
As nigh as the metre will permit, 1 will follow my text, in due or- der ; albeit I can- not paint my book as most books are painted.
I WILL NOT INVOKE FALSE DEITIES,
In ancient times, men invoked deities ; thus Va- lerius Maximus invoked Tiberius,
In aunc/on tyme of antiquite Men called goddis to theire helpe and ayd, 24 With deuoute prayers to theire deite,
Their werkys to fourge eche houred brayd,1 Their celles of memoir to refrefhe prayd ; As Valerius maximus gan do, 28 Tiberius Cefar called helpe vnto,
[Fol. 2 b.] and explained in the proem of his notable book, how the gods were . rented.
In the proheim off hys notabile boke, Wher all thes goddis apertly may fee, (ho-fo luft out it to behold or loke), 32 hou thay were creat eche in their degre ; Som luft their faders honoured fhold be, Som for their ftrenght or for thing in holde, Som for wifdome or fomwhat vnfold.
Midas, the rich king of Phrygia, besought Bacchus that all he touched might become gold ; which the god granted, even with respect to his meat and drink. .
Some gods owed their origin to poets' fancy ; others were malign spirits, giving oracular responses.
36
To call to my aid gods such as these, who are of no
0
ff roial frige Midas the riche king Bachus god of wyne ther befoght he,
That al gold myght be what he were touching, For he was of hys confraternite ; 40 hys defyre graunted that gold fine fhold be, "Ne had thys god relefed hym at large Off hys mete and drinke, \er fhold he had dif- charge.
To declare how they were deyfied, large tyme, longe fpace wold it ocupie ; Poetes whilom fom fantefied ; Som maligne goftes, ful of tyrannye, yeuyng anfweres to peple fondrye ; 48 For to tell or fay their generacion yn vayn, ryght noght then fundacion.
T
o callen in ayde tho of no valoure, Which want myght and ftrenght, vertu none kiuyng,
1 MS. " houredbrayd."
BUT ONLY THE TRUE GOD.
52 That mifcreantes whilom gan honoure, As for their goddis thaim deyfiyng, As power had, where non wer hauyng, Poetes faynyd in their poetrie,
56 Theim-felfen the more for to magnifie ;
value, and were only imagined by poets,
Suche fayned goddys noght is to cal on, Tiling Agayne our feith l And but fantifie ; No help ne focour to cal thaim vppon ; 60 I lay theim Apart And fully denye, Requiring that lord whych is Almightye That of hys highneffe he be my trew gide, The weyes of trouth me vn-to prouide ;
64
rPhat in thys mater my penne conueid be
As plefaunce may be vn-to the highneffe Off our facred lord, fitting in trinite ; Now be he myn ayde in thys befineffe ; 68 To hyrn only I truft in thys forth progreffe, That throgh his mercy he me fend2 fuch grace, For3 frenfh tyll englif h that it may purchace.
"II /Ti labor wil don After my hmpleneffe 72 ^-"-L hit for to conuey As I can or may,
Befeching hertly of your highneffe
My defautes for to pardon alway ;
Truftyng to your grace now euer and ay, 76 The prohemy and prologe of frenfh here begyn,
After my fampler palling forth ther-in.
[Fol. 3.] would be against our Christian faith. I deny them, and call rather upon Almighty God,
to guide my pen as may please the Trinity, that I may translate the French into English.
I will do my best, asking pardon for defects, and will now begin to translate the pro- logue prefixed to the French text.
The philifopher ful wyfe was And fage Which declarid in hys firft pagent, 80 hys methephifike off noble corage, Werto plieth hmnayn entendement, Naturally conceyung the entent
1 MS. " feith."
2 MS. " fend.
1 *
3 Fro (?)
The philosopher was full wise, who declared in the first page of his "Metaphysics," that the human intellect naturally endeavours to learn and know things ; for all a man's endeavour
SCIENCE IS A WORTHY THING.
To lerne And know ; thing faid wel and wifly ; 84 For all humavn entendement fully
[Fol. 3 6.] is to know that which he hefore knew not, espe- cially in matters that concern him closely. Old things, when re- hearsed, are good and fair; as when we speak of Arthur,
and c if his nohle knights and wor- thy people ; or of Lancelot. Perci- val, or Gawain.
Whoever inquires of their marvel- lous adventures by sea and land, will find it an ex- cellent thing to know them.
Science is a most Worthy thing : and ever; one should Btudv more especially if he be of high degree.
[Fol. 4] 8u< ii a man ought to know his pedi-
DEfireth come to know that he knowith noght, "Whether of loue or of reproche it he, And fpecially if it touche hym anght. 88 Thinges of long time paffyd in contre, AVhen reherfid is, pleafith hertes fre ; Aunc/on thinges wich hen good and fayre, As to fpeke of king arthure dehonayr,
92
How he wold prene his vertu and manhede With nohle knightes and peple worthi ; Many of hym fpekith at thys hour in-dede ; And fo thai don of Lancelot fureli, 96 Wher fid good loos had ryght ful preyfmgly ; Of perceuale alfo, And of Gawayn, Which lo ! at no time had hertes in uayn
As for to adquire grete honour and prife ; Ful wel lernid were in knightly coniectures. Who wyl know and enquere in what maner wyfe, By fe and land meruelous auentures Which came unto fondry creatures, 104 For to conne it is an excellent thyng, And caufe of many mannys pref erring.
As
s rofe is ahoue al fioures moft fine, So is fcience moft digne of worthyneffe ; 108 ho noght ne can, noght worth is to deuine ; hit Avel helongeth to tho of goodneffe Strongly to enquere hiftories expreife, Which that of longe tyme makith memorie ; 112 Moch more is if he he of degre hye ;
H
E fhold ferche, fro degre into degre, vn-to know wherhens he defcendyd is,
A LORD OF POITIERS BADE ME WRITE A BOOK,
Duke, Erie, or Baron, or markois if he be, 116 So pat long mynde therof fhulcl be ywis ; Al thes lorcles gret fo fbold do in thys, Ther-ofF fcriptivre make as an hiftorie, To ende that ay ther-of be memorie.
gree, and cause it to be duly re- corded.
120
TT^or-ib-moche I fay that an high grete lord, -*- Whilom of peiters, (whom god yf honour),
lord of partenay named of record, To whom I fhal be redy at ech hour, 124 Me commaivnded, noght gretly, to labour Of hys proper fentement and feling ; Hys commaundme??t wern fhal I no-thing.
Thus it was that a gTeat lord of Poitiers and Par- tenay commanded me to labour after this manner ;
128
TT^Or euery knawith and full wel May fee
-*- That to lordes here men obbey, lo ! fhold ;
ho can it noght do, wife ne fage is he ; In hys fwete langage ther he me vnfold That I ther take the exampleir wold 132 Off a boke' of his which that he had made ; He it ther me toke, to fourge it me bade.
and men should always obey great lords. His bid- ding was, that I should make a (rhymed) copy of a book of his ; which book he gave me,
T
o know in fertayn ho fourged and wrought Eoial lefigne[?i], the noble caftell,
so that men might know who made the castle and town of
1 36 Als ho made the town, vnto mynde it brought : Lusignan.
I promised ac-
A meruelous ftrenght is in for to dwel. cordingiytodoso.
Then I anfwerd greing to hym well, " My lorde," faid, " vnto your wil and plelire ; " 1 40 Then faid he, " do it at your owne lefire ;
P
lor all the labour and iomay is your ; Thys caftell was made with on of faire, (As ouer all reherfed is eche hour), 144 Of the winch I am draw en lynyally, I and all the lyne chfcendyd fully Of partenay, it is ryght no doute at all ; The fair meluiigne men gan lure to call,
[Fol. 4. b.] He then told me that this castle was built by a fairy, from whom he was himself lineally descended, and whose name was Melusine ;
1 MS. " abokc."
WHICH I AGREED TO DO.
whose arms, in- deed, he still bore ; and he bade me rewrite the whole history of it in rhyme, because then people would the sooner recite or hear it.
I replied, I would gladly undertake it, but desired to receive no praise, for that it had been put into rhyme once be- fore already.
148 rFhis fairie womman J?at you namyd haue, -■- Of whom the armys here now here wee, The which ofte were home ; and daly it craue, And to end of it there-of memoir he,
152 ye fhall put in ryme thys hiftorie fre : I will that it he rimed hole entire, The fonner peple wyll it fay or hire."
Then fayd, " my lord, I grant your entent ; Alwais yom will and plefire wil doo, My power alfo ; hut lofe wil none hent, For in other tyme in frenf h put alfo, And rymed, As men me haue told vnto ; 160 Wherefor vnto me fhold it he gret fhame, Of thys dede me auaunt and of it haue name,
Still I would try and put it into another shape, which would please him better ;
SJ
I yn Another time hath fourged he and made. But to my power what I can wil doo ; 164 fo god he plefyd, my witte fhal put to fade In-to other fourme, if leyfer haue, lo ! Which letter1 fhal you come plefaunce vnto, Syn that the other ye haunt ne vse noght ; 168 And, that you plefith, put to wall I my thought
[Fol. 5] and would con- sult two books that bad been found in the tower hi Blabregon, originally written in Latin, but which had been afterwards trans- lated into French ;
The contents of which books had been subsequently confirmed by
Anthony, earl of Salz and Barry, in another book.
A<
fter tho hokes which of it men fynde, Wher this hiftorie preuyd manion ; And to ende that we may bring vn-to mynde, 172 Within the toure of nohle mahregon To fake holds were fonden ther-on In latin, And all preuyd at deuife, That men made tranflat in moft frenfheft wyfe.
176 A nd fyn, after monthes fife or fixe, lo ! -^*- This historic confermyd anthonye, The erle of falz and of Barry alfo, In a hoke whych had of this caftel hie, 1 Sic in MS. Read "better." The French has mkulx.
I WILL NOW BEGIN MY STORY. I
1 80 Whiche that was fo faire, ful ftrong and myghtie ; But al-wais fpake in his worcles al Yn-to thes bokes Aboue-faid egall :
Off bokes thre that boke drawen oute, which, they say,
was compiled (Eyght fo fayii1 men reherfyng the chaunce), from three others:
_ and I do not
And that wherby it was loiow no doute, doubt it, as i have
seen the sub-
"VVhich other tymes haue fayne the fubftaunce ; stance of it. here-to fhal I put all my hole pufaunce, 188 In ordinat ride fhal it fett furelye, As plefire may be vnto our lord bye."
T1
men toke I my leue As of my good lord, Thereupon, i took
my leave, and will
(Yn-to whom god yeff ioy, grace, and honour), now endeavour to
write the history
192 As to pe caftell ftrength here to recorde of the castle of
Of pe faid lefignen, whiche was fair pat hour, Gods assistance, here fhall ye here thys liiftorie labour ; So pat it may plefe the kyng of glorie,
196 Which to me yeff Felyng ther-of fidlie,
Withowt whom a man2 here may do no thyng, [Foi. 5 6.]
. . i«i without whom
Be it in franl h tonge other m ebrew ; one can write
* n p • ,, i.,1 , it i nothing, whether
All lcience cometn ol that noble kyng, in French or in
200 Wich is the clere wele or the pilour trew, comethgoodues"!1
The maker of all whom liff doth enfew ; Of hym cometh goodneffe, wite, and fence ; ~Non, but by our lord, herite in fcience.
wit, and sense.
204 TXTith hole hert entire here I hym require 1 pray mm, with
''To thys nede me ayde ; and hys moder fwet ^aki mee: and'
Mi mater conduce to the ende entire, mother wuicon-
Thys werke vnto me here fhewyd and gett, £fen^ w,,lk to
208 To the hie plefaunce of my good lord grete,
To whom god yeff ioy, worfhip, and honour ;
Bight thus the prologe Endeth at this hour.
[End of the prologue^ 1 fayu (?) 2 MS. "aman."
Thus endeth the prologue
A CERTAIN EARL, NAMED AMERY,
[THE ROMANS OF PAKTENAYJ
In ancient times, after the time of Octavianus, lived in Poitiers a cer- tain earl named Amery, well- skilled in astrology and other sciences,
Hit is fo in trouth in time aunc/on, After the time that OctauiAn was, In peyters a erle had of grete renonn, 4 Off whom gret talkyng men held hie and bas ;l lonid of all, cherifhed in eche place, Callid Anierys ; wel cowde aftronemie, And A man ful ripe in other clerigie
as well as in canon and civil law. Never was there a better astrologer, or one more learned in the science,
8 /~\ff the right Canoun and Ciuile alfo ;
^ Wel nye al by hert thes fcience coude he, Als wordly witte I-now had ther-to ; ynt hys dedes neuertheleflfe to fe, 1 2 Neuer better aftronomian might be, Founde was nener man being christian ; He cowde moche more than any other man,
[Fol. 6] excepting only Him, who gave stars their names. lie was also great and rich, and very fond of hunting.
But only he which fterres gan to name, Then all other, with ther names all. A gret man this was And of noble fame, And wel at eafe of goodes mondiall ; Difport of houndes loued moche with-all, 20 Full ofte chaced he hertes, bores grete ; Thys erle of peyters huge nobles gan gete.
He had a fair son and a fair daugh- ter, whose names were Bertram and Blanche.
A Fair fone had by hys gentill wiffe, Fidl moche loued hir, chirfly can hir hold, 24 And A doughter fair, ful fwete As fare liff, Streight nofe, fair mouth, wel fetured, me told, Gret bcute f he had wonderly vnfolde ; 1 MS. "ha^," which is wrone.
HAD A COUSIN, THE EARL OF FOREST.
Which men callyd Blanche, fhe was inly fair ; 28 And the fone is name Bertram debonaire.
Thys Erie thes children ful moche loued tho ; yut was noght founded, neither like to be, Bochel ne machon, neither of them to ; 32 Thorugh al peyters foyfon of wode plente, A ful gret foreft with many A ftreight tre, And in the wild foreft As of columhere, Which is noght full ferre fro peiters there.
Neither Ro- chelle nor Macon were yet founded; and there was, throughout Poi- tiers, abundance of trees, and espe- cially a large forest called that of Coulombiers.
36
F
Or tho ther was A Erie in the foreft, Now there was an
-rrn • i iy i -i i i i a i t_ earl in tlle forest,
\v inch oi children had A huge nomnbre gret; Wh0 had a huge
great number of children, not very rich, but who lived sagely, and spent warily,
In riches herite was not in J>e beft, But of good lyuyng was in-dede and fet, 40 Sagely And wifely good gouernaunce get ; After that had, warly gan difpende ; And for hys good gouernaunce, at ende,
11
T oued and cherifhed was of peple all.
Cofyn he was to Erie amerye fre, Which thes nouels hurd at that entreual, That his cofyn had of children plente ; Then came hym in Avil and in volente 48 Off fuch greuous charge hym to dif charge tho ; Without traying, ' therfor, gan he do,
[Fol. 6 b.] and was beloved by all. He was cousin to Amery; who, hearing of his great number of children, thought to assist him.
A t peiters made A roial gret fefte, -^*- A more worfhipful neuer fayn with eye ;
52 After tho he fend the Erie of foreft,
Of poiters The erle commaunded fo fullie, And other Barons lyke-wyfe verilye, Which of hys feignorie landes gan hold
56 Of this noble erle A-forne fpoke and told.
He made there- fore a great feast at Poitiers, and invited the earl of the forest and his feudal barons.
T
ho wer after fende, to hym came gladlye ; They came gladly
a n j.1 tit i • upon the day ap"
Ail otner cam, non lakke, vnto that lournay pointed; and the 1 tarying (?) See note.
10
AMERY ADOPTS HIS COUSIN S SON,
earl of the forest brought with him three of his sons.
That thys fayd Erie commaunded hertlye. 60 The Erie of Forest brought hym, thay fay, Thre of his fones vnto court that day, For to do to hys cofyn gret plefaunce ; And he cam vnto full fair ordinaunce.
The earl of Poitiers was glad to see them, and regarded the three sons closely, especially the youngest, and said,
64 nnhe Erie of poiters had gret ioy to fight -■- Of hys good cofyn, And hym fefted fo, And hym cherifhed in al that he myght ; Hys children feruently gan he behold tho,
68 To on of them thre hys behold gan go, The left gan hym plefe in hert brennynglie, To hys cofyn fayd thes worcles fwetly.
[Fol. 7.] "My fair sweet cousin, I beg you to give me one of these children; he shall be well taught.
" TTnderftandeth me, my fair fwete cofm, 72 ^ I haue vnderftande And by neighbours knowe That largely ye haue children good and fin, Full good is that ye ther-of difcharge yowe ; here I you require, yeff me on to owe ; 76 he fhall be wel taught in curtefie and fpeche, For fuche doctrine fchal hym lere and teche ;
and I will make him a rich man." " My lord," said the earl, " do your pleasure as regards the e three: I will not refuse you.
And for euermore ryche man fhal hym make." " My lord," fayd thys Erie of the foreft hie, 80 " Of thes thre on your plefire do and take,
And you ther-of I thanke whyth hert fid humly, Eefon is ne right that you werne f hold y ; Se ye here now thre in your hie prefence, 84 Do as liketh your noble reuerence.
Take whichever
of them you like
best."
" Then give me
the youngest,"
quoth the earl of
Poitiers ;
rPAke here vnto you which you beft do plefe, -*- ~No man fhall ther-of you werne ne with-
fay;"-
" Then yeff me the left to my hertes efe, For I haue to hym my loue yeff thys day,"
WHO WAS CALLED RAYMOND. 11
The Erie of poiters this to hym gan fay. " Sir, I wyll gladly do your will and heft," So hym Anfwerd the Erie of foreft, l
92 " Clyn he you plefith, ye fhall hym haue trulie ; ^*^^ S° ^ My lord, fe hyni here, you here take fone "My lord> his
•> J ' " name is Ray-
myn ; " — mond-"
" My fair cofyn, I thanke you ful hertlye ; Declare me hys name (.) gentil good cofyn." 96 " My lord, men hym cal Kayraound good & fyn, The fair, the fwet, the gentill, the curtoys, Off all thre heft thaught, ftill, not moche of uoys."
^TThen thys roiall Ferft was endyd and done, [Foi. 7 &.]
VV -r^ i n • p „ n , -, 1 The third day
100 " T Eyght fo As it fell yppon the thyrd day, after the feast.
The Erie of forefte toke hys leue to gone ; forest departed.
The three
Tho thes hrethen thre to-geders kyffyd thay, brethren
-n , , i,n mutually com-
Entercominaundyng to god other ay, mended each
104 At ther departfon had thay gret dolour ; Raymond re- am
Thys Eaymound Ahode with hys lord that houre.
mained behind.
P
ud wele he hym feruyd vnto his powrere, Raymond served
. pti -l ear' Amery faith-
Off trouth he it knew ful wrel verilye, fuiiy, and was
rm pnii in • i much beloved in
108 Thys full nohle erle, fix Amene, there, return.
Which moche hym louyd And cherif lied2 hertly,
As for that fo wel hym feruyd daily,
And furely wold do that to hyni wrold fay, 112 Neuer feruitour louid fo no day ;
A
nd3 Alfo he was his faythfull cofyn. But after this did
Eaymound after thys, gaynwylhymganfly; S'Haft S,e-
Standed caft to ground, to deth moft incline tolathmusT"1'
116 By fortune fals glotenous cruelte, uSffiSft..
Which no-thyng dredith ne doughteth to he, JfutfSe CrUe"y
1 MS. "foreft." 2 MS. " f berif hed." Seel. 121.
3 MS. "AAnd."
12
AMERY AND RAYMOND GO A-HUNTING.
The earl Amery went often to hunt in the afore- said forest, during five or six years;
[Fol. 8] and he went to hunt one day with a large number of knights, with Raymond on a high courser beside him. bear- ing his sword.
120
But cauiith ofte meraelles for to come, So As ye may hire fondry tymes lome.
i t noble poiters the erle Amerie,
Which fo was louyd and cherif hed tho, Als of hys men holden fid cherifhlye Both of ryche And pour in like wyfe alfo, 124 To wodes he went fid ofte to hunt, lo ! Into the forefte of fayd columh[e]re ; So fyffe or fexe jere regned m powere.
Hit cam on A day, for to hunt he went, With hym gret fufion of knyghtes many, Of tho which he mofte louyd ther hent, Whith hym to difport brought he forth furelye. Befidis hym rode Baymounde gentdlye, 132 vppon A courfere he, beryng ful wel (As thys hyftorie doth declare and tell)
The chase began . the beast ran before the hounds, closely followed by tin in and by the earl,
mi
Ihe fwerd of thys noble Erie and man. Tho began the chace ftrong and myghtly ; 1 36 The beft for noyfe A-forn the hundys ran, The houndes fewing after fid ftrongly ; The Erie thaim fewed and fpored lyghtly, Of whom anon fhal you declare and fay 140 Where hym cam tho gret mifchef and afray ;
who never re- turned again home. Raymond followed him as closely as he could; and, as the moon rose, the boar was still slaying the dogs.
F(
^Or neuer after he ne cam againe, Bayrnounde hym fewed As moche As he my ght, As for to leue hym ne wold he certayn ; 144 Of thaim to it fil As ye fall know ryght.
In the foreft fought thys fwyne euery wyght,
Which in columbere bred and fed trulye ;
The mone ther rofe ; the fwyne ther houndes flye,
The earl's people knew not where he was, having
148
Ther decl to ground thaim caft myghtilye. his peple wyft noght where that he became,
THEY LOSE THEIR WAY IN THE WOOD.
13
Novmbred were thay ther mo then twentye Which full feruently rode after thys game ;
ridden away after the boar. " Come hither, Ray- mond ! " said the
152 "Come heder," faid, "Kaymound, lord, in goddys earl,
name ! Our houndes, our peple lost now haue we, In what part thay ben vnknow is to me ;
156
A
[Fol. 8 b.] ' and tell me
nd now is it noght to retorne, parde 1 Thought wTe cerche Aboute we fhal not What you advise.'
" Let ns find some retreat," said Raymond, " where we may tarry awhile."
thaini find. What fay ye now ? what do now fhal wre ? " — Eaymounde fayd, " go forth, tary wre not behynd, Ynto fom receit nye the wodes lynde, 1G0 Wher we mow thys tym receyued to be." The Erie anfwered, "ful wel now fay ye ;
Ryght fo fhal it be As to me faid, Sithen the mone is rifen vp an hie, 164 The euening is fair and clere difplaid, The fterres fhinen fair I-now truly That all the wordle enhvmyneth goodHe." Then vnto ther way went thay fid nere, 168 For the mone gan fhine inly fair and clere.
"So shall it be," said the earl, " for the moon and stars shine clearly."
mi
morught the wodes went, athirt trauerfing, Where thay found places diuers and fondrye, Then a fidl fair way to thaym apperyng 172 Wheron a ftronge pas rode thay hastily.
The Erie faid, "Eaymound, thys path wyl vs
bryng nye, As me femeth, to peyters the ryght way ; What fey ye 1 is it noght fo, now me fay 1 "
Traversing athwart the wood, they found at last an easy path, which the earl thought would lead them to Poitiers.
176
RAymouncle faid, " I trow it fo be trulye ; Now ride we then, in goddis name, apace,
Raymond thought the same, and advised that they should ride on fast, and
14
THE EARL, BY OBSERVING THE STARS,
inquire their way of some one
whom they might meet.
We fhall come ful late thought we ful faft hye, That into the town to entre haue no fpace ; 180 yut perauenture we may fynd fom grace
To mete your peple whiche that knowith the
way : "— " Go we," fayd the Erie, " I graunt, al that we may."
[Fol. 9.] The earl, as he rode, began to behold the stars, being (as was told) a skilful astrologer.
Then thay toke ther way wonder fpedfullye. Thys noble Erie be-gan to behold Thes fair fterres fhinyng ful bryghtly, So that the fkye enlumyned manyfold ; Of aftronemye wyfe was As is told, 188 So moche ther-of knew he the maiftrie. As he a fterre beheld in the fkye an hie,
Thereupon he perceived, by a certain star, that a strange ad- venture was at hand, and wrung his hands, and cried out,
T1
uier he faw a meruelous auenture Which ful fharpe and hard after to hym was. 192 The profite of other touched he ther fure, But of hys owne ille perceyued no cas. Ther wonderful fyghtes ' gan to purchas, hys handys gan wryng and to draw faft, 196 "0 lord god !" faid, "that angelles formed haft,
"0 Lord God! why doth fortune make a man prosper by ill- doing? For I perceive that prosperity will thus happen.
mi
mat thes merueles fo ftrange bene fothlefe Fortune is fid ftrong any ma?i to know ; 0 varray god ! for why made flie encreffe 200 Only a man,2 for doing ille, to grow? She is ful glad of duyng ille, I trow, Now is it ryght thus, I fe wel now expreffe That, for ille doing, comyth gret gooclneffe !
Raymond ! behold these stars, and know that if, in this hour, a 111:111
204: Tn thes fterres fe, Kaymounde, vnderftand ! J- For I here perceyue fid gret auenture." he hym anfwerd, " what is that fayand 1 " 1 fyghes(?) 2 MS. " aman."
FORETELS SOME STRANGE ADVENTURE.
15
Thys Erie hym faid, "the fhal declare fure, 208 Without any douhte know thys of trouth pure, And no-thyng no doubte, but be in certayn, If a man l gan fie hys lord fouerayn,
were to slay his sovereign lord,
As in thys hour, he f huld gretter lorde be ; More pufaunt, ful myghtly, and ryght gret Then any of hys kynred in contre ;2 In al places fhal fructefie and get, loue of all fhal haue wher he entermet, 216 More gretter loue haue then his neyboures all ; know thys, fayr cofin, this is trouth, & fhall ! "
[Fol. 9 &.] he woiild become himself a greater lord, and more puissant than any in the country, and be more beloved than his neighbours."
R
Aymounde noght o word yaf hyni to anfwere, Raymond an- swered not, but alighted, and found a little fire kindled in a heap of wood. The earl also alighted to warm himself.
Al penfif a foote difcended adon ; 220 An hepe of wode a[t] that tyme founde there, That herdes had lefte, gret and final, theron ; A lytyll fire found ther, the wode brend anon. Certes ouer warme at that tyme was noght ; 224 The Erie ther lyght doune, fomwhat hym chaufe thought.
T
her thai hurd a noyfe, for to fpeke f hortlye ; Then. heard they
The wod breke and rent fid heuily tho ;
a noise.
wood brake, and
they beheld a
Then Raymound his fwerd gan to gripe ferfly, huge boar, in
marvellous wrath,
228 And the Erie his m that other party to.
leuing the fyre which ful clere brend, lo ! Then aforn them faw ny to them comyng An huge bore of meruelous wreth beyng,
232 TTTith tufkes tho whettyng fid ftrongly, and whetting his
WW . m tusks. Raymond
T T And with malice yre comyng, faft fmy tyng ; begs his lord to
ivr in i climb wightly
My lord, faue yoiu- lyf and ward yow quiklye, into a tree, who
boldly refuses
here vppon a tre wyghtly be clemmyng ; " — 236 With hie hautyng voice the erle anfweryng, 1 MS. "auian." 2 MS. " incontre."
16
A WILD BOAR SLAYS EARL AMERY.
[Fol. 10.] to flee from a pig of a foul sow. The earl advances to pierce the boar, when his sword glances; for, as the boar came fast towards him,
his sword would - not pierce the boar's hide; so that, missing his stroke, he falls from his horse upon the boar's tusks. Raymond runs up to aid him,
but his sword also turns aside. A second stroke, however, is successful, and he cleaves open the boar with his steel sword.
He finds his lord dead, and bis s.ml com- mended to God. For he was aa valiant a man as any on this side of Rome.
" I neuer was repreued at no ftound,
Ne here fhal not be neuer fliuch wife founde.
WEre it plefaunce to god I fliold hens fie As beforn A pigge of A fowle fowe, lo 1 " TWardes the fwine hys fwerd faft flioke he ; Raymound vnderftode his worde hym noyed tho. Thys fayd Erie tho went to launce hym vnto, 244 And when it cam fo, the fwerd went adon ; Thys fwyne to the Erie forth fafte ran anon ;
B5
>y mifchef ther thys noble Erie gan die ; The Erie hym ne myght no lenger ther hym hold. 248 By myfchef th}rs fwyne fmot hym feruentlye ; But hys fwerd in hym entre ther ne wold, There he mofte of horfe fal to hys tuf kes bold. Raymound fast gan ren thys fayd fwyne agayne, 252 Trowyng hym to finite thorugh the body playne ;
R
Kit hys fwerde glente, non hurt had he tho, For vppon the bakke was the ftroke to fe ; Againe Raymounde fmote, thorught the bely gan go, 256 With the ftilen fwerde there tho made entre ; The blade fourged good, rafour kene was he, All the bowelles cutte, all fil out anon ; Hys good fwerd withdrew, the bore ther fil don,
260 TT}o mortail deth to grounde fallen tho.
-L Thens vnto hys lord went he forth anon,
Neuer gan to reft til hym cam vnto,
Al dede ther hym founde And the foul gon ;
264 Commaunded was fhe to goddis hie renon, For A worthy man and vaillant he was As Any A-thif-llde1 Rome to purchas. 1 MS. " A tbiffide."
RAYMOND LAMENTS DESPAIRINGLY.
17
RAymounde hym tuke fast tlier to wepyng, hym-felfen gan bete and liyni fore torment- "ha ! alas ! thou fals fortune," ther fayng, " To me haft thou he felonefly bent ! Goode to tho wykyd thou graunteft and lent ; 272 he is A more foole then Any mute heft That truftith on the, or in thy heheft !
[Fol. 10 b.] Raymond ex- claims against Fortune, saying that a man who trusts her is a greater fool than any mute beast;
T
uiou art no gudfader ne Godmodere ! To on art thou fwet, Another hitter to ; 276 Non may on the truft, ne in thy fals gere ; Off A fmal man thou makeft a kyng, lo ! And of tho ful rych right pour men alfo. In the no wyl ftreine to helpe mofte or left ; 280 Thou on ay deft, Another deftroeft !
that she is no godfather nor godmother; that she makes a king of a small man ;
A1
las for forow ! thys in me to fynde ! Thou here me haft deftroed entierlie, And perdurabelly dampned to mynde, 284 But ilie.su crift, the cheritahle god hye, The trew, the fwete, the piteful, of mercy Of my wery foule luft to haue pyte ! " And vrith that Raymound zownyng don gan fle,
that she has perdurably con- demned him, unless Christ will have pity on him. Hereupon he swoons,
A1
to himself again for an hour. Again regarding his lord, he in- vokes death.
288 A nd wel nye an hour iyght fo gan hym hold and does not come Without fpech or loke ; after cam agayne, Ther hegynnyng his forowes manyfold. When he rewardyd hys lord fouerayne, 292 Wliiche ther dede-cold lay, fore hym gan com- playne, Rewfully fa3Tig with fcrychyng vois hie, " Come, deth ! tarye noght, anon let me dye !
Comyng me to take, for time now it is ; [Foi. ii]
for that his lord For lofte haue I here hoth foide and hodye ; is slain by his
My foueravne lorde that dede here lith thys, 2
misdeed. He would commit
18
HE COMES TO A FAIRY FOUNTAIN.
suicide, but that it is against providence.
God would not that any should despair; yet it had been better for him to have been bora dead.
Leaping again into his saddle, he leaves the body, and rides away from the spot.
leaving the bridle-reins loose. Thus rode he along lamentably, till he approached suddenly
[Fol. 11 !).] the fountain of Thirsty Gladness, said to be of fairy origin. The horse chooses his path at will,
By my grete myfdede here hym flayn haue I. Deth, come to me ! feafon is trulye ; 300 Come forth here anon, or I fhal me fie ; But god fhold me fie, I fhold noght fo me.
Gc
od wold noght, which is our chef fader hye, That any criftyn in difpeir be fhold ; 304 But the hour courfed that born was worly, Or that wreched lyf fo long leuyng hold. Better had me be dede-born here vnfold, For then had I noght dampned ne loft be. 308 Alas ! my lord coufyn, gentile and fre,
L]
Effe worth am I then any faryfyne, "VVhiche is in beleue of fory mahound ! " Ther leping vp into hys fadel fine, 312 More lenger ne reft he ther that ftound, The body of hys lord reft l in that ground, A fory man was thorught the wode gan ride, With wofull malice deftruffed that tyde ;
316 rphe brydell-rayne lefte, at large let it go ; -L hym-felfe2 tormented and curfid ful fore, Vnnethes for-bare hym-felfe to fie tho, Ful ofte hys colour changing euermore,
320 he had non end of his dolorous (.) ftore. In thys eftate rode lamentabillye, Tyll he Approched, certes, fodenlye
The fontayn and well of thurfty gladneffe, (As faid is, it came3 of the fayrie) ; Thys wofull man apas ftreight ther-to gan dreffe, hys horfe chef a path conueying wightly, Ouer all thys hors fo went wylfully, 328 here and there ouer all where at hys luft wold, For that he had lefte the rayne for to hold. 1 loft (?) 2 MS. " feffe." 3 MS. " canne."
HE SEES THREE BEAUTIFUL LADIES.
19
A'
t thys faid fontayn hys coiirfer hym brought and thus brings
him to the
So forth paffing by ther tho apertlye ; fountain. The
rider is so
332 Neuer ne refte, but was in other thought ; distressed that he
{• i ij.1 cannot look
hys courfere hyme bare forth fait and wygntiy ; about him. For difcomforted was he moche truly, That hys mynde was gone fro hym-felf full ferre, 336 So that he ne faw Abowt, ferre ne nerre.
Uppon thys fontayn ther had verilie, Beside the fountain were
"Which Avas right holfome, ful clere as creftal, three ladies of
Thre fair laydes of gret feignorie. sees none of
340 In hys forth-pafTyng faw non of thaim all, most good-iook-
r, it i ii ingand "jolliest"
Such dolorous thoughtes to hyin gan can. exclaims, Then fpak the mofte gentilleft of thaim thre, The moft goodlokeft And iolyeft to fe ;
344 Ol Ayng, "neuer faw, dais of my lyfe, "I never- a11
[^ _ _ the days of life,
^ "V\Hiere it were gajm night or at morne erhe, saw a gentleman
pass ladies with-
Gentil man to pall but had refpectif out salutation."
She then seizes
Aforn ladies without falu} hye, ins rein,
348 I wyll goo And fpeke with hjm. verilie." She vn-to him cam, taking by the rayn, After openly to hym faid certayn —
" "C^Or goddis fake, man, fhew the noght foo, 352 -L Which be defcended of noble linage,
Sin Aforn vs thre ye apperen, lo !
And without worde fay for to make palfage,
It is noght the dede of gentil corage." 356 he, whiche dolour hurt tho ful feruentlye,
vpp fodenly lepte, perceyued thys ladye ;
[Fol. 12.] and tells him that to go by without a word is not the deed of a gentle heart. Raymond suddenly per- ceives her,
rpher he trowed that fantefle it were,
and thinks it is
Where he ilepte or wakyd wel knew he £^E02
and knows not whether he is
noght ;
360 A dede mannys colour that tyme had he there, awake or asIeep 2 *
20
ONE OF THEM STAYS HIS HORSE,
He returns her no answer.
To hir lion anfwere at that feafon brought, JSToght intended here for forow in thought, But muling ful faft and was ryght penffife 364 As euer was man which that here bare life.
She asks him why he will not speak, and wishes to know who taught him such behaviour ;
mi
mys fayr layde toke her tho to fpeke, Anon ful hiely fayd fhe hym vnto, "how, Eaymound, is thys, ye luft no word breke 1 368 ho hath you taught that to a mayden fo, Or to A lady when ye fe thaim, lo ! That no word haue ne luft to fay onlye ? Of it cometh repref and vilanye.
for that it is a dishonour to him that he thus forces his heart to be unnatural. Raymond is many times astonied.
372
TIST you all fwetneffe And good curtefie
Shold byde and dwel with al honour fure ; here-on ye be dif honoured gretly Which comyn be of fo noble nature, 376 That your gentil hert put to difnature."
Raymounde vnderftode, ther hir gan behold, Sore aftoned was times inanyfold,
[Fol. 12 6.] and, perceiving the human body of this fair lady, his heaviness of heart troubles him yet more. Knowing not whether he is alive or dead, he alights hastily,
When that he faw fhe hym held by rayne — But when perceyued the humayn bodye Of thys fair lady hym fo to reftrayne, In whom gret beute was preynted frefhlye, Moche the more troubled his noyfance heuye, 384 That he wifte not where he were quicke or dede ; Fro hors fill down vppon the graffe in-dede.
and says, " Most gracious image, pardon me, sweet thing ! My heart is heavy with misfortune;
A'
fter hys1 fayd, "mofte gracyous ymage, Soueran layde of gret beute hye, 388 With whome to compare non hath A vantage, Pardon me, fwet thyng, for goddys mercye ; With forowes I haue the hert ful heuye 1 thys (?)
AND ADDRESSES HIM BY NAME.
21
By ouermoche meruelous auenture ; 392 By my faith, lady, I will you enfure
mi
lhat in fuch aftate wher-on that I was, I reruemhred noght what I owght to do ; So moche forow and care me doth enbras, 396 Tndy more than man can fay you vn-to.
For-foth I noght you perceyued no wyfe, lo ! But, nohle lady, you befeche and pray Me vnto perdon fo it pleafe you may."
400 fTmer thys lady fpake, " Eaymound ! " anfwer-
I remembered not what I ought to do. I per- ceived you not; pray, pardon me."
T
y^
" I am ful forye of your gret noyfance." When Baymou?2de knew fche hym ther namyng, A litell began to niufe that inftance. 404 "lady, of my name ye haue conyfance, Where-of I am Ameruelled gretlye ; By my feith, I know noght your name redilye.1
You named but Wher that perceyue fo full huge beute, hyt caufeth me to beleue verilie That I fchidd by you wel allured be, And that I fhal yut wel recouer2 me, 412 By you to acquire fom good recomfort Off my huge forow is my dyfcomfort.
F
\ov of fo fair A fwete creature Approcheth non ille, but ay al goodneffe ; 416 Fro you may noght come but good auenture, I beleue noght that terrene boody fothleife Of lufty beute may haue fuch richeffe, So moche of fwetneffe, fo moche of connyng 420 As in your gentil body is beryng."
1 Here follows the catch-word — " you named hut." See note. 2 MS. " yecouer," the tail of the y being partly erased.
She addresses him by name: at which he is much astonished ;
[Fol. 13.] but, reassured by her beauty, he trusts that he will soon recover himself;
since only good- ness can come from so sweet a creature. He cannot believe that an earthly body can have so much sweetness.
22
SHE FORETELLS HIS GOOD FORTUNE,
She then recounts to hiin all he has been doing, explaining that she is well acquainted with all that has happened.
" T) aymounde, I perceyue how it goth now;"
J-i She declared hym ther all hys doyng, Ther hym gan rehers euerydele how, 424 As Aboue is faid al hym declaring. Then Raymounde feruently reioyng, How-be-hyt he moche aftoned tho was How hys name myght know ; ftrange to hym but
She then declares that all the good fortune which his lord pre- dicted for him will he brought about if he will attend to what she says.
[FoL 13 &.] Yet more assured, he gladly promises to do all her command- ments.
Yet he wishes to know how" she knows his name and cir- cumstances.
" Raymond," she
said. " 1 niunsel you not to be astonished. You
428 fTmen thys lady faid of gentil bodye,
-*- ' ' Raymonnde, my good lone, vnderftandeth me, Al that whiche your lord faid youe varilye By wordes myn fulfillyd f hal be,
432 Truly and forfoth, yf fo do wil ye
Ryght As I fhal here vnto you rehers, Thinges to non hurt, fondry and diuers,
Unto the plehre of our lorde an hie, And of his glorius moder alfo." "When Raymounde vnderftode fhe fpake trulye, Stedfaftly hym toke the more furer to, Ther bir faing, " fwete gentill lady tho, 440 I fchall put my hert And my holy ' entent To your plefour do your commaundemewt.
B'
lut certes, lady, I may no wyfe tarie That you me2 demaunde the trouth and verite, 444 how ye myght my name knowen verilie, And how thys dede know any wyfe may ye That by my fortune and mifchef fil to me, As wherthorugh I haue deferued deth full wel, 448 "Wherfor that I haue defired deth cruell 1 "
"T) Aymounde, you councel, Aftoned be noght," -L*-' Afaid thys lady, "for god fhal you ayd ;
1 hole (?) Sec 1. 482. - ne (?)
AND DECLARES HERSELF A GOOD CHRISTIAN.
23
yf ve will, rnoche more to you fhall be brought shall be yet more
successful than
Of wordly goodes then your lorde you faid, your dead lord
predicted.
Whiche in the foreft dede-colde light this braid.
I wyll in no wyfe you to difcomfort,
I ihall you focour, helpe, ayd, and comfort.
456 T7" Am, after god, your nexft frende trulye, J- "Wordly catell I-now fhall be brought. But loke ye me trufte And beleue verilie, And dubte ye no-thing of goddys part am noght, ^t i
460 I noght beleue in hys vertues wrought ; yut I you promife that I do beleue Eyght As holy Catholike feith doth yeue.
I am, after God, your best friend; but you must trust to me entirely. Do not doubtingly think that I am : God's side;
Euery Article beleue I and hold Of the holy feith catholike named, That god, vs to faue, of the virgyn unfold "Was born without wemme in hir attamed ; Dethe endured ; third day rofe vnfhanied ; 468 After afcended vnto heuenys hie,
Ther verray man And varray god trulye ;
[Fol. 14.] for I hold every article of the Catholic faith ; viz., that God was born of a spotless virgin, endured death, rose the third day, and ascended into heaven,
A1
nd is in ryght fyde of hys fader hie. Raymound, vnderftand here now me vnto, 472 Firmely all beleue without doubte anye. Kow ye here beleue that fagely ye do, And ye fhall rife vp, to fuch honour go, That more fhal ye be As of hie parage 476 Then any man, lo ! As of your linAge."
and is at the right hand of the Father. Trust me entirely, and you shall attain to great honour."
Then Raymound mufyd and gan aduertife Raymond, much
amended of his The wordes ther faid, and hertly ioyed tho ; care and sorrow,
. promises to do
A ktel his colour cam, vnto deuife,
480 And moche amendyd of forow and care to, When he anfwerd, " lady, I fhal do With all my hole hert, without withfaing, Al that which ye wyll be me commaunding."
what she com- mands without gainsaying.
24
SHE ASKS HIM TO MARRY HER.
" Swear then to me," she said, "at this time, that you will marry me, and that you will never inquire as to where I go on a Saturday; .
[Fol. 14 b.] and I promise, in return, to go to no ill place, but always to labour that day on your behalf."
Raymond swears, but was, in the sequel, forsworn, to his great mis- fort une.
She tells him that if he breaks the compact, he will lose her ; and that himself and his heirs will lose their lands.
484 "T)Ayniounde,"fhe faid tho, "this is ful wel -ft faid; Now vnderftandeth me without gayn-fayng, To god and his fayntes me fwere now thys "braid, That in mariage me wil he taking,1
488 And that neuer dais of your leuing,
For no worde that man wyl vnto you fay, ye fhall not enquere of me the faturday,
F) after me cerehe hi no wife ye do, Neither to what part drawith my hody, Ne what I will do, ne to what place go ; Als I fchall you fwere For trouth uerilie, To non ille place go ne will certaynlie, 496 But alwais to lahour that iournay,
Puttyng my hole hert, ftrength, mynde, and thought (.) ay
T
]o your honour, hawfe, and encrefe alfo ; Neuer fhal ye fe me forfworn no day." 500 Baymounde wolde fwere and ther hys othe gan do, But att end forfworn was he, is no nay ; To ful gret myfchef it cam hym alway, For that hire couenaunt hrake and noght gan hold. 504 " Baymounde," fche fayd, " underftande tliis told;
r
ff thys poyntement hold noght in thys deuife, ye fhall me lefe, be therof certane, Without fight of me any maner wife ; 508 After that, ye and al your hoires playn Shal begin to fall, and thaim-felfe diftayn Off landes, honoures, and heritages ; Then doloures fhall be in their corage[s]." 1 MS. " betaking."
SHE TELLS RAYMOND WHAT TO DO.
25
512 T)aymonde fwere agayn fecundarilie,
■*-*> That neuer no day forfwome wolde he be. (Alas ! thys dolent man faid not foth tndie, For gret heuineffe After fuffred he,
516 Hys cherefull lady loft of nicete !)
At thys prefent time of it fpeke no more, Vnto my purpos torn fhall I therfore.
Raymond swears a second time; but alas ! this miserable man spake not the truth.
"Tj Ayniounde," fhe faid, "ye nioft to court go, 520 -*-»■' And me this not werne here in no cas, To peyters boldly go ye now vnto, Say wel and playnly when ye come aplas, If any you demaunde, hie other bas,1 524 Of your faid lord ne fay ye no thyng
But that in the wode ye loft hym huntyng ;
[Fol. 15.] " Raymond," said she, "you must go to Poitiers, and give out that you lost your lord in the wood while hunting.
A'
nd that longe ye gan After hym Abyde, Cerching, enquering in wodes ramage, 528 A wilde fwine chafing at that houred (.) tyde. Many other to court fhall do make paffage, "VVhiche equipollent fchall fay of corage, After fhall your lord truly fhall2 ther be founde, 532 And to peyters brought openly that ftounde.
and that you sought for him a long while unsuc- cessfully. At last he will be found, and brought to Poitiers.
T
Ihen gret heuineffe ther fhall fone Awake, With euery man huge forow fhall arife'; Full dolorous wo this lady will take, 536 And with hir other gentil wemmen of price ; his cliildren lamenting in wofull wife. Thaim aid and councell ryght auyfilye yn that belongeth to hys obfequye.
when his wife and children will lament in woful wise. You must counsel them concerning his burial,
Lf
540 T oke ye thaim councell hie and lowe that hour, and wear black as
_ others do; and
lor a man3 fhold do A grete lorde vnto when at last the
time shall come
his iunerall obfequye with gret honour, 1 MS. "has." 2 This word is redundant. 3 MS. " aman."
26
HE IS TO ASK FOR A GRANT OF AS MUCH LAND
[Fol. 15 b.J for his heir to receive the earl- dom, demand of him a gift ere ye go, as payment for your services to the late earl ;
beg him to give you so much land as may be en- closed by a hart's skin, and cause deeds of the gift to be duly exe- cuted ;
and, when you have the deeds ready, depart; and go on till you see a man carry- ing a large hart's skin, which buy at his own prico.
Next cut the skin into small thongs, very narrow, and tie them up into a bundle,
Cloth you ther in blakke As other ther doo. 544 When that paffyd is ther dolour and wo, By proceffe of tyme at leyfer and fpace, When weping dais an end do purchace,
And
nd that the enheritour ther f hall be
548 -XX. The erldoin of peyters refceyued to,
And hys homage take of men of contre,
Of thys lord demaunde A yefte or ye go
For your guerdon of feruife ye haue doo
552 To the Erie laft paft in the fame place ;
Wher jje prefent be, fo myght pleafe his grace,
Sc
I o moche as1 A hert-fkyn myght aboute enclofe, In feueral to fhitte wodes and contre. 556 hit will not you wern but graunt, I fuppofe ; Dedes therof mak the caufe ther-on be, Off the lordes yifte the enchefon may fe, Wher-for he it yaf, And for wat reafon ; 560 After fette day of lyuerey and feafon,
T1
lhat men deliuer you poueffion ; And when your letters ye haue all redy, Thens ye depart, a litell2 way fhal gon, 564 ye fhal fe A man come gayn you haftilie, The hertis f kyn bring gret and large to eye. By ye that fkyn, I you gyf in charge, What-fomeuere coft, fpare not, yif ye large.
568
A fter cutte that pece into thwanges final,
lete it not be brode, but narow As may be, Enuiron the fkyn rounde Aboute cut all As narew as may perceyue it to fe, 572 As long As the fkyn endure fee may ye ; After ther-of A fardell do ye make, And afterwarde to your repair you take, i MS. " os." 2 MS. " alitell."
AS A IIARTS SKIN WILL ENCLOSE.
27
576
ANd leto it noght be lefte ' to do, certain, But men deliuere to yow your lande fad Aboute tbis clere well and fid fail' fontain.
[Fol. 16.] and make men deliver you up the land which you can enclose with them around
Now complainetb nogbt of your buge pain bad, this fair fountain.
For ye fhal finde2 tbis place fourged and made 580 In al places rygbt As it Hketb me,
Where that your lande appere fhall to fe.
1
f tbe tbanges be more lenger certain But if the thongs
. , . , i ry> i i • l n . wiH enclose more
then tbe rowndnelie made which tnat ye than such a
£ j .ri.ii circuit, draw
nnae lnail, them down along
the valley.
584 Again tbe ualey do it to remayn
Tbe rennyng of tbys fantain clere witb-all, "Where ye fhall take the dwellyng to fall The thwanges lengbt after to ende bad.
588 Do tbys hardily, be no-thyng Adrad,
A1
Nd wrhen that ye be Affuryd of all, As at peiters when ye come only, Take your leue and return that enterual, 592 For in thys faid place fhal ye verily,
At wat tym ye come, fynde me certainly, hike ye me hold trew perfecte couenaunt." " lady," faid Baymound at that inftaunt,
596
I" fliall plainly do your commaundement,
What-fonieuer coft it for to cheue, Sin it pleaflith yow me it commaunde to hent." Fro hir depertyd, taking fair hys leue, 600 Tbis thing takith on ioyufly in breue, To peyters be cam in the morow tyde ; Many demaunded wher tber lord gan bide.
When assured at Poitiers of all your possessions, return hither, and you shall find me here."
Raymond pro- mises to ohey at whatever cost ; and, greatly rejoiced, returns to Poitiers,
RAymounde Anfward,
; yufterday hym loft
[Fol. 16 6.] where he gives
hys courfere3 wdiich bare hyin out that he had
lost his lord, and
fwyftly ;
vppon
1 MS. "lefte."
1 MS. " finde.
3 MS. "courfere."
28
THE MOURNING FOR EARL AMERY.
knew not what had become of him.
That I was baffhed, wift noglit to what coft he went, I cowde not mete with him truly ; After I fewed As I myght full ny, 608 I hym loft when in-to woode gan draw, Neuer after perceiued hym ne faw."
Thus Raymond excused himself, and accused not the soul of the homicide (him- self) ; and none ever thought of accusing him.
RJ
lyght thus Raymounde hym excufid tho, the foule of the dede-doer accufyd noght ; 612 For neuer man ne had in hym beleue, lo ! That be dede was by hym done and wrought, Though that moch he were diftrained in thought, And that for the dede fighed full ofte there. 616 But it behouith to yonge baculere1
Many now return from hunting, both high and low. There were none but were sorely annoyed
8'
luch A ftrange dede to couere fecretly, Wich vnto hym cam at that huntyng-chace. Vnto his manoir comyn were many, 620 Which fro hunting were drawing to pat place, As wel of gret As fmal, both hye and bace, Ni to Eamound drawing euermore. Ther had was non but noyed wonder fore
at not knowing the truth, as to where the earl was that night aliiiling. At last his sorrowing wife and children saw two men approach, bearing the body,
mhat thay myght noght the trouth perceiue
[Fol. 17.1 which they had found in the woods, with the dead boar lying beside him.
T
and know,
Wher he that nyght2 gan byd and remain. Fid dolorous was his fair wyfe pat throw, All wette with teres in hir vifage plaine, 628 And ther children to fid harde gan complain ; Tho A ferrom faw to worthi men comyng, "Which the dede body forily gan bring
TTThich in the wodes barainly ther founde, 632 ' " Thys notable Erie whilom off renon ;
And thys foule fwine befides hym that ftounde. Ther wepte burgefies And fquiers manyon, 1 MS. " baiulcre." 2 MS. " myght."
THE EARL IS BURIED WITH GREAT POMP. 29
Ther wepte ladies And knightes echon, ah bewailed his
1 - ° death.
636 Tlier wepte old, ther Avepte yong peple all, Thay wepte the deth of thys Erie roialL
w
len that the Counteffe of him had the fight, His Countess
. wrang her hands,
! 111 dolorOUS WO hir hert gan attain, and tare her hair.
640 Here liandes wrang, hir heere tare pis woful in the general
mourning
wyght,
\Y/t/> wepyng teeres foroly gan complain ; Ther wepte the fone, the doughter, both twain ; Ther wepte the gentile that Raymonde me?! call, 644 Ther wep[t]e preftes, ther wepete Chanones all.
rphrough Peiters Euery ma,n forow lad, Every one be-
J- Both tho gret and final ful fore were weping, throughout the '
rm j liiy-ii-ii-jy i town; and buried
Ihys day can noght be laad the hemnelle mad, him with an 648 Noght halfe the wofulnelfe the cite hailing. Tho that this dede Erie were \er beholdyng, Euery bewepte hys deth niornyngly, Thys Erie beried ryght ful folempnely ;
652 THul nobley wele the almes yef and do ; distributing aims.
-T Aboute hym gret wexe, fair ftore, and gret ™^771^
Hcrrif "^ne cursec^ Doar
o was cast into a
Forfoth the burgeffes of the cite tho fire and burnt up"
Cast thys curfid fwyne in A huge fire bright ; 656 The Barons of contre there had ech wyght. A mar* fhold fhortly the dole ouerpas, When remedy non may be in the cas.
T) Aymounde Fid wel aqueinted hym that hour, [Foi. 17 h.\ 660 -*-^- Ther many A perfone of hjnn fa id, "a ! he manyrema^km'g
FeHth fore in hert anguifh and dolour ! grief, which was
Of hys fouerain lord had he fuch pite." indeed real-
So he gan do in trouth and uerite, 664 As for to fee hym gret pite it was,
His mornyng, his wailyng, his loking has.
30
RAYMOND GETS HIS GRANT OP LAND.
After the burial, the barons busily went to do homage to the new earl ; and Raymond ap- proached to prefer his request.
A£
fter when that the ohfequie was don, The Barons fafte went ful befelye, 668 To the nonel Erie homage hyrn do echon, After the feafon and l ufage cuftoinlye. Then Raymound drew hyrn forth to thys lorde
hye, his requeft to make after hys lady lore, 672 As fhe hym warned long tynie ther before,
He asks for asi much land, lying near the fountain, as a hart's skin would enclose ;
T
uie lady of whom he had take leue to go. "Honourous lord," he faid, "bef[e]ch you yif me, Ni to the Fontain of thurfty gladneffe, lo ! 676 Off wode, Roche, or ualey in that contree, Be it medewes or arable (.) to fee, So moche as an hertis fkin of grounde ftrech
wold ; For noght wyll demaunde, ne in thys place f hold,
and requires no other payment. The young earl accedes, if it will content his barons.
680 rPhing which that fhold yon be in coft gretly ;
J- I require of you non other paiment
For my feruice done continually
Of your Fader, whos foule god haue and hent." 684 Thys yong Erie faid, " I graunt all your entent,
So that it may pleafe to my Baronage."
Then the Berons faid with full fair langage,
[Fol. 18.] The barons think Raymond well deserves it, and the earl com- mands the deeds of gift to be duly executed and sealed.
"T) Aymounde may full wel thys faid yifte to J-^ haue, 688 (For he hath full wel deferuyd it fertain, His lord fo feruyd), As hym luft to craue." " Then fhal he it haue," Afaid thys Erie, plain ; " hys dedes lete make his graunt to contain." 692 Deuifed thay were paffyng fotdly, After the writyng fealled ful truly 1 MS. " .-md and."
HE PRODUCES IIIS HART 3 SKIN.
31
its becoming of force.
With the gret feal ' of thys Erie nouel, it was sealed both
"Which curious was, fair, and ruoche of told ; the barons, and
the day fixed for
696 The hye barons put to al-io well
There gret fealles to the dedys unfold ;
The fcripture deuifyd full Avel to he-hold,
Fourged and made of good ordinaunce, 700 The day perfixft of the deliueraunce.
T
he morn a man cartainly he found in the morning, a
Which A hertis f kin hroght hym there he- brings iiim the
skin, and the earl
fore,
A fid curtois man hym it toke that ftounde. 704 The fkyn fid narew kerue thay euermore ; His gyfte required after hys lady lore ; The Erie faid, men him deliuer it fhold, Fro peiters partyd wttA gret raundon told,
bids men to de- liver him up his possession.
708 nHo Eaymound hys ghyfte deHuerd this wyfe ; J- The Erie fend peple to delyuer plain, Fulfillyng that which he gan promife. By that were comyn vnto the fantain,
As soon as they come to the fountain, Ray- mond produced the skin, to their great wonder, when they see how narrowly it
712 Streith Eaymound thaim lad to Jjat place fertain, is cut.
Raymound drew hys fkin ther forth vnto fight ; Of pat merueled ftrongly mawy A wight,
When fo narow corue thai gan it to fe ; . . Two men then
[Fol. 18 5.]
716 " " Vnknowin was thaim what that fhold do. To men comyn were ther to that contre, Takyng ther thys fkin coruen ful final tho, Anon on A hand put thay it vnto,
720 A gret truffe ther-of making vp that ftound. On ende to a pain thai had ther y-hound,
thai approach, who make the thongs up into a bundle, and bind one end to a stake ;
MS. " feal."
32
HE ENCLOSES A LARGE TRACT OF LAND.
and enclose the whole rock with a part of the skin. They again bind an end to a stake, and carry it down the valley. A stream suddenly wells ui>,
Al the Eoclie thay had enuironed, But yut of the f kyn ful gretly ahode. 724 To A pane on ende ftrongly thai tied,
That other ende bare againe the ualey brode, Ful litill it held As thay forth glode. A-ferre fro thens A ftrerne gan to rife, 728 Wher-of ftoned were ftrongly to deuife ;
which had never been seen before. All wondered when they saw the immense tract enclosed.
F
^or neuer body had that water fain. And when thay had all prouided thys place, Which the hertis fkin coinpaffed fertain, 732 Seing the contre that comprehended was, That fuppofyd noght that it wold purchas Neither to enclofe ther-of the moite, Gret wonder and meruail had thay tho, perde,
Raymond re- ceives all the neighbouring country, and news of it is carried to the earl,
736 Qo large contre the fkyn gan comprehende. ■^ Forfoth al the procincte ther gan hyni take Eyght As for that where charged and owte fend, As ther dedes mencion gan make.
740 To poiters toke way, And ther told and fpake, Thys faid Erie vnto, al the gret meruail, Whych neuer ne faw fuch like apparaill.
[Fol. 19.] that the circuit enclosed is two miles about. He also hears of the two men, and of the new stream.
FOr thys hertis fkyn in circute gan hold, To miles aboute gan it comprehende ; And of tho men which it gan clofe hym told, Alfo of the ftrerne that thai faw at ende, Eyfing ther vp, again the ualey wende. 748 " I beleue it was thing of the fairy,"
As faid thys Erie, " fo god me faue only !
The earl is aware of the marvels
connected wii li the fountain, and
F(
\Or thys Eaymound hath founden in J?e way. Ful ofte hath bene faid that at that fontain, 752 Many merueles have fain ben A day,
RAYMOND RETURNS TO THE LADY.
33
Wliiche men fodenly and ofte there hane fain : rejoices at Ray-
" mond a luck.
And fo to Eaymounde myght it come certain, For of it wold [I] merily reioy." 756 And raymounde tho fpake that he had gret ioy,
F
Or he was comyn hym to thanke hertly,
Of hys notable gyfte ther hym thanking ; And he Anfwerd to hym, "graunt mercy ! 760 Of your goodneffe ye luft fo be fayng. I wout nere what to me fhal be comyng, But, if your lord wyll, good may com to me." So forth palfyd till mornday-lyght to fe ;
Raymond thanks the earl, declaring that he hardly knows what is coming to him.
764 T)Aynioimde tho lepte vp hys courfere vppon, Raymond rides
f\ " away to the
■*~v To the fantain and wel of thruft gan to go, fountain, and
finds there the
Wher that hys lady founde beyng aion, lady, who wei-
. , ■. comes him.
"Which hym laid, " my lone, welcome me vnto ! 768 hike ye be wife, redy, wel thought, lo !
And ye fhall now haue for your good labour yut here-after gret worfliip and honour ! "
A
Non into A f chap el made entre, [Foi. io &.]
772 -^- "Which thaim ny vnto ful redy ther found, chapel, and find
knightes, ladies, And gentile wemmen fre,
Clerkys, prelates, Squiers at that ground,
Clothed, apparailled nobylly that ftound ; 776 Eaymounde meruelyd of it wonderly,
Of that peple which ther faw plainly.
ladies, clerks, prelates, and squires, all nobly apparelled.
u
Nhethes he myght hym-felfen withold He cannot refrain
That he demaunded noght thys gentile body ; about them, she 780 Thys lady had tho many in houfold, ne.<i not marvel,
t i n n -i i for they are all
1-now nym iemyng lor to haue truly. his.
" Neuer bafh herof," faid this faire lady,
" Thay ben al yoiures," ther commaundyng al
784 hym for to refceiue for lorde principal] ; 3
34
THEY ARE TO BE MARRIED ON THE MONDAY.
They humbly do him reverence. Raymond muses within himself, and hopes the end may be as good as the beginning.
Alio gan thai do ryght As thai f hold, Ful humbly thay gan do hym reuerence ; But raymounde in hert mufid manyfold, 788 In hym-felfe faid deiniuiy in audience, " Se here a noble gynnyng in prefence ! God yif that the ende therof be ful good ! " Thys lady hym refoned there he ftood,
The lady tells him he must take her in marriage. Raymond declares himself ready at once ; but she tells him that all is not yet ready.
792 Q Ayng, " ye Raymounde, what willen ye to do 1 ^ Til that ye haue me had in mariage, ye may noght the eftat fe ne know, lo ! Wherefor you councel, puruey As the fage."
796 Eaymounde faid, " I am redy to that paffage." Thys lady hym faid, "we faute that we fliold
haue, Raymond, all other wyfe we mofte do craue,
[Fol. 20.] He must bring a number of wit- nesses to the marriage with him, and come again on the Monday.
Tff we f hall do to plefaunce honeftly ; 800 ■*- you behouith to trauel and haue pain
So that peple ye mofte bryng redy,
Which of thys acte may haue conifaunce plain.
haue no point of doubt, but therof be fain, 804 I-now of all good here fchal fynd by grace,
But warde that ye be a monday in thys place."
Raymond returns to Poitiers, and cornea Into the presence of tho earl.
R
i Aymounde anfwerd to hir curtoif ly, -t "Forfoth I fhal do your commaundement." 808 Fro thens deperted Raymounde haftily, Vppon hys courfer retorned and went, To poiters he cam, ther difcending, hent And anon forth went, taried ne bode, 812 Toward the erle of peiters where he ftode.
He salutes the carl, and says he feels that he ought not to hide anything from
RAymound wel cowde falute fuch eftat, "Without colour changing or muable, To hym humbled formally that dat,
RAYMOND ASKS THE EARL TO THE WEDDING.
35
816 There declarid his lord honourable, him, but to de-
"My lord," faid BajTnouttd wiik contenaunce things. '
ftahle, " I ought ue fhold my dede be couering, To you al declare And certefying ;
820 T flial noght you lye for no mane;-1 wight, J- Maryed fhal I be vppon monday ; To a gret lady that day be trought plight, Byght at the fontain of thurftes gladneffe ay ;
824 Nothyng fo loue ne likyng to my pay. humbly you befeke at that day to be, And to bryng with you your peple and mayne ;
He therefore con- fesses that he is to he married on Monday to a great lady, and be- seeches him to come to the wedding.
Ryght gracyous lorde, to me honour do, And your gud moder wife and debonair, My ryght doubted and fhereful lady to, "Which is proclamed fo noble lady fair." The Erie fayd, " I fhal to that place repair, 832 But afoure Avill you thys demaunde make, What is that lady which that ye fhal take ?
[Fol. 20 b.) He also hopes that the earl's mother will be present. The earl is willing to come, but wishes to know the lady's name.
w
A.rde you And beware ye tAke noght amis, am\ warns him
against marrying one of whom ho knows nothing. Raymond asks him not to inquire further,
knowith wdiens f he is and of wat linage ;
836 Say me, fair cofm, now what fho is, Thys day am redy to your mariage." " Sir, it may noght be for non auantage ; More may noght encpiere As of hir beyng,
840 For ye may no more2 of hir be knowyng ;
You it fuffifith I-now hyr to fe." for that it win
The Erie to hym faid, "thys is gret meruell aftewimarveta That ye take A wif vnknow what is fche,
844 Neither haue kneAvlich of hir gouernail,
Ne of hir kinrede ; ftrange is without fail !
1 MS. " nomaiw." - MS. " nomorc."
3 *
conduct ; but Raymond says
36
THE EARL COMES TO COULOMBIERS.
she is like a king's daughter ;
and that a fairer lady was never seen. The earl promises to come, with his mother and all his barons.
[Fol. 21.] On the Monday, the earl and his mother, with many attendants, set out, wonder- ing where they will be lodged and entertained,
though they need not have won- dered, as all was ready. Riding on, they at last a 1 1] ■roach the rock.
There they found pavilions pitched beside a valley, where flowed the new stream.
"Sir," faid, "I hir faw in fo noble ray
As lunges cloughter where frefh is and gay ;
848 A More fairer neuer fain with ey ;
-*-*- Off hir linage enquered I no-thing ; Where fhe he of1 dnk or of markois hy, Forfoth I wyll hyr haue, fhe is me pleafyng." 852 Thys Erie faid, "Raymounde, to yon fhal be cornywg, My moder alfo with all our barony." Humbly Raymounde fayd, "my lord, graunt mercy ! "
THe nionday cam men apparailled faft ; Thys Erie Awakyd, rofe vp ful erly, Hys moder -with hym brought, frefhly on hyr
caft Eidl ryche Atire, befain fid womanly ; Sondry ladies with knightes many ; 860 But moche on thaim toke to ful gret meruail, How thay fhold there loge, by what gouernail,
When thay approched ny to thys fantain. But therof certes nedid noght haue doute, 864 All redy was made A place fid folain.
The wayes And pathes fo rode thay aboute That thay approched Columbere toiw al-oute, And oucr that went ryding the contre, 868 Hilles, wodes paifyd, the roche might fe ;
T
VEntes And pauilons ftreght and pight frefhly Befyde a ualey, 2 enmyddes a plain ; The ftreme befydes, the fontain ful ny, 872 Which nouelly was vp-rifcn and fain ; Euery man meruellyd of it certain, Ful wel fchay lad knew it the fayry Avas. Into the medewes thay beheld apafe 1 MS. "fo." Sec note. - MS. " aualey."
MELUS1NE DECLARES HER NAME.
:\7
876 nnEntes, panilons frefhly wrought and good, -• Poucet fonges hurde of briddes enuiron, Whych meryly chirmed in the grene wod ; Vppon the ryn faw A wykl wood anon,
880 Where gret peple were to-geders manyon ;
And in there kechins fay thay gret fmoke to; As tliam femyd, Avas A ful huge hooft thoo.
They heard sweet, songs of birds; and s;iw a wild wood with many people; also several kitchens, with much smoke.
884
AXd thay faw comyng toward thaim anon Ther nomhred ahoute knightis ful fexty, yong, ftrong, lufti, fers, and fid lyght echon, I-horfed fid wel, armed nohilly ; (hyt nedith not demaunde of it truly) ; The noble Erie demaunde of peiters, And thay hem fhewed fondry and dyuers,
[Fol. 21 &.]
Next they saw coming about GO knights, well horsed and armed, who asked for the earl, whom many pointed out to them.
0'
kff whom demaunded had the trouth to know. Raymounde thai anon gan fe and behold 81)2 In the faid Erles company fo grow,
Which ther fid iocunde tales gan unfold. humbly to the Erie cam thes knightes bold, And hym ther falute ful debonerly. 896 The Erie ther faluz yilding ryght goodly
The knights ride up to the earl, and salute him humbly. The earl returns their salute.
IP
~Nto euery man. without other abode, After that to hym it fhold appartain For that place whens that he cam and rode, 900 Both to gret and fmal menal perfones fain, Ful wel knew to echo ther faluz yild plain ; And thay which ue wold haue no point of blame, To hym cam and laid worfhipfully the fame : —
yielding to every man the respect due to him, ac- cording to the
place whence each came. The knights say to him
904 "mhal feii Meluiine hym thanked hertly
T
that the fair Of that [(leafed hym tO COm to ther fefte ; him heartily, ami
And that fhe had charged thaim verily, you wel for to loge yaf in charge and heft."
33
ALL REPAIR TO THE CHAPEL.
that due lodging was provided for his retinue
908 Tliys Erie thaim faid, to pleiire in the befte, " For here I perceiue ful fayre ordinaunce." Nobley thay loged thys Erie that inftaunce.
[Fol. 22 ] The coursers were well lodged, and provided with rack and manger. The Countess was received in a golden chamber,
A *
.2 -£L T
Fill fair pauilon thay hym gan take, 912 -^-*- Ther couriers loged paffrng iidy wel,
Both rekke and manger at their eafe gan make,
Infyde tentes ful fair eueridel.
Gret ther labour was wherfor atimed wel. 916 The Counteffe refceiued in that houfold
In-to a chambre frefhly bete with gold,
where many ladies welcomed her. All mar- velled at so rich a sight.
The chapel was well apparelled, high and low, and stuffed with rich jewels. The earl and countess de- mand the bride.
'hich men pight And ftreight vppon the fontain ; Many ladyes, ful of gret beute, 920 Went to a company with the Counteffe plain, Ech welcomyng hir after ther degre. Al meruelyd there thys ryche fight to fe, Als of the noblenelfe that ey myght purches, 924 Neuer trowed fe fo fair in no place.
RAymounde with the Erie that tyme logid was. Of ther fair chapel doubt therof had non, "Wel apparailled was it, hie and bas, 928 With riche iewelles ftuffed manyon ;
What wold ye fhold fay 1 frefh was enuiron. The ful noble Erie And thys fair counteffe The efpoufe demaundyd thay expreife.
Melnsine enters the chapel, freshly attired, and look- ing, not human, but angelic.
932 rTmer men anon forth aplace hir brought, -*- Fair melufine, enmyddes the chapel ; Thys mayden ful fair As cowde bene I-thought, Frefhly atired rychely and ful wel,
936 That al hir faw preifed thys damycel,
Sayng, "it was noght no humayn body lyke, But move better femed a thyng angell-lyke."
THE WEDDING-FEAST.
39
THen thys faid Erie applied vnto Thys fair meluline to refceiue fothleffe, And of that fid wel his deuoir gan do, And fid wel or better the noble coimteffe ; Al tho bothe that hour weren at that meffe. 944 In that place was had ful gret mynftracy ; Both hye and bas inftrumentes fondry ;
A;
Nd fro l that conftantinople vnto, In no place was fo noble a fefte made ; 948 Al the wodes range merdy founding tho, ther was no perfone2 that prefent tynie hade, But that " merueles," faid, " I fe ful fad ; Neuer lnunain ey faw to it egal ! " 952 With great ioy made thys matrimonial.
A£
fter thys meffe don, taken haue the way ; The Erie the efpoufe courtoifly forth lad ; In that other part, A prince of contray 956 In-to the chef hal thys fair mayden had, Which noble peple held that day ful glad ; Ther mete al redy, vnto waf h thay went ; After fette As was moft conuenient.
[Fol. 22 b.] The earl and countess duly receive her. Minstrelsy is heard, both of high and bass instruments.
Never was so noble a feast. The woods rang merrily, and all agreed that hu- man eye had never seen the like of it.
The mass done, the earl led forth the bride, and a prince conduct" 1 her to the chief hall.
9G0 T) Elides thys maiden thys noble Erie fate, ■U The gentile coimteffe next fette hym vnto, After A gret lord of contre that date, Which for gret honour worf hipped was fo.
9G4 Raymounde tho fate with other knightes mo. The courfe tho brouth3 in with fquiers many, Gret plente there had of deyntees fondry,
9G8
w
Hich that apperid As thing infinite f
The earl- sat be- side the bride, and the countess next him. The courses were brought in by squires, including great plenty of dainties.
[Fol. 23.] There was wine of
With wine of Angoy, And als of rochel tho Anjou, and of
Rochelle ; of
Which wold efchawfe the braines appetite ;
i MS. "for." s MS. "prefonc."
3 brought (?) 4 MS. " infinite."
40
THE TOURNAMENTS AND DANCING.
Tonraine and Beaune ; also Clarre Romain ami Ypocras.
Wine, morever, of Tours and Dijon, of Auxerre and Saint Jougon ; of St Jean d'Angely, and others.
Every one had abundance, as much as he asked for, whether of wine or meat.
Wine of Tourain, And of Bewnie alfo, Which iawne colour applied noght vnto ; 972 Clarre Romain, with doucet ypocras,
Thorught al the hal rynnyng hye and bas.
Wine of Tourimz, and alfo of digon, Wyne of Aucerre, of feint Jougon alfo ; 976 Wyne of Seint Johan of Angely good won, Of it fid many ther fpake and tolde tho ; Wine of eftables, of mart ' alfo ; After thaim cam the wyne bafterd good, 980 Wine of feint purfain, and of ris hys brood.
0'
|Uer all thes wines ther had the prife The nouel ofey of Dingenon, Off all the wynes named to deuife. 984 Ther all peple preuilage had echon, Euery in hys loge plente and fufon, Euery of that which thai wold demaund Off wynes and of uitaillouns viand.
After this lietran the jousting, where Ra.\ mond jousted mightily. Next they unit i«, vespers, and then to supper.
After i Be-:
988 4 fter thys diner, men to iouftes wrent ;
fyde the fontain ful fair iouftes had ; But Eaymoimd ioufted ftrongly and feruent, Certainly myghty iouftes2 ther he made.
992 Thys Jouftes dwred tdl fonne went to glad. After to euefibng went euery wyght, Ami lin to Coper fet were and dyght.
[Fol. 23 &.] After Buppi r i ame the dancing. At
last the ),i ide retired into a
costly pavilion,
99G
"ITThen fopyd fchay had at ther owuie deuife,
* " Strongly thay daunced, ioying merily Ful long that night in righl gladfom wife. Ami when that men faw time approched ny Vnto go to bedde, Ami deperted fully, 1000 Men made the efpoufe to depart fair. Into A pauilon made fhe A retrair,
1 MS. "mart." : MS. "ioufted," roughly altered to "iouftes.1
A BISHOP BLESSES TIIEM.
41
0'
tffwhom moch coft the foraging And makyng; portrayed with
00 ^ ° painteil birds.
treid it was with briddes frefhly, '*'•><'» laW *w
the beil, and
1004 Thys fair pauilon rich was in feing ; made it ready.
Forth Anon the hede ftreight And made redy, Which with flonre-delife conerid was to ey. Quicly cam Raymound, in the hedde1 him laide
1008 By fair melnline, the fnete doucet made.
F
forfoth A Biffhop which that tyme tlier was Signed and bliffid the bedde2 holyly; " In nomine dei " fo faid in that place ; 1012 After fro thens departed haftily,
For the ceafon late le[w]ger to tary. The Erie hym withdrew to hys pauilon ; And hys good moder, time was and ceafon,
A bishop gave his benediction, " in
nomine dei." The earl and his mo- ther also retired to their tents.
1016
TNto hir chambre goodly went to bed. J- Euery man went to hys erbigage,
But fom all night dyfported And folas led, Singing, dauncing, difporting -with longage ; 1020 Many fayr fongis fonge that compernage.
( >1F thys noble fefte no more3 you will breke, Off gentile Rayniound fliall I to you fpeke,
All went to their allotted chambers,
but sonic spent the whole night in singing and dancing.
1024
w
24 TT
rich4 with melnfme lyght ful meryly, [i'oi. 24.]
Melnsine ad-
lo whome ful fuetly outred Hie and fayd, dresses Raymond, "Xow vnderftandilh, fayre I'wet loue, hertly, his good fortune,
The Auentur eomvn vnto vs thys braide That we togeders by grace here bene laid, 1028 Ryght As mAn And wyffe after entent, And I Am her at your commaundement ;
B
ut that othmoft hold which Ihft daymemade. andofhisoath
T , nil 1 i lately made to
l know lull wele, when ye cam to pray her. sheteiis
1 MS. "beded." 2 "body;" French text. Le lit.
3 MS. "nomoic." < MS. "Whiebt."
42
MELUSINE CAUTIONS RAYMOND.
him she is aware . how the earl in- quired concerning her lineage ;
she proceeds to tell him that his good fortune will hist as long as he holds to his covenant :
hut that if he breaks it, he will suffer huge harm- ful pains, and he disinherited of all.
1032 The Erie of peiters And knightes that he had To come and to do you honour that day That I fhuld he maried to your pay, Be l you enquered full moch wat it was,
1036 And of linage ye gan me purchas."
HE anfwered hym to the point ful wel, "Myn owne verray loue, now douht ryght noght." " ye fall be mofte heft fortuned to tell, 1040 So ye couenaunt hold As of refon ought, As euer was Any of your linage brought, Hou-fomeuer fortune that thay haue had, So the contrary by you be noght made.
ye
1044
Tff it be, ye f hall haue gretly to doo
huge noifaunt pannes with aduerfite, And defherite be wrechedly alfo Of tennementes, landes, the befte to fe ; 1048 It wyl be fo And fertanly fchal be."
" Fayre fwet lade," faid, " I you plegg[e t]routh
myne, Whyle I leue f hal be, be it non m[align]e,2
[Fol. 25 &.]' He again swears to be faithful, giving her his hand in pledge of his sincerity.
Melusine cautions him yel on< e
more, declaring
1052
FAlfhed fhall noght be our faid couenaunt, Of which here beforne made haue I promeile ; And yut I wil you promit the fame grant ;" hys hand vnto heres put in ge»till Avyfe, Makyng A gret oth As hert cowde deuife, 105G That he Avoid it hold euer entirely. Meluline hym hanlwered fwetly,
" 1VTow' my ^we^ i°ue> i ^xy y°u feitLfuiiy,
-L* If ye be ftcdfafte and couenaunt hold,4
i " He " (?)
2 A piece near the corner of the page is here torn away.
3 See Note to 1. 1050. i MS. "bold."
MELUSINE GIVES THE COUNTESS A JEWEL.
43
10C0 In good hour ye bo here borne treuely ; kepe it truly, befech you manyfold ; For in my part fail f hal I for no gold, Off me haue ye had ful tru Affuraunce
10G4 Which I fhall hold; no more fay thys inftaunce."
that she will never fail in her part of the cove- nant.
With clipping, kiffyng, that nyght gan do fo, Their eldest son
That an fair1 fone ther engendred was ; u'rien, whose
-,-r . n i i , i i j_t famous deeds will
\ nen callya at tliat tyme tlio.
10G8 Dedis and warkis fuch gan he purchas As in tyme fhal hire the mater and cas. Thys fefte endured dais fid fiftene ; At ende to lordis yiftes gaf meluiine,
be told of here- after. The feast concluded,
io;
A
iSTd to lades which that men brought With thys roial and noble Counteffe.
Melusine gives very rich presents to all, who won-
Al faid ther, " lord god ! what wyfe is this and uberaiity.
wrought, Which that we fe here prefent of rycheffe 1 1076 Maried is he vnto gret kineffe !"
Raymounde of all moch ther preifed was, No worldly man myght better in no cas.
A fter when it cam vnto departfon, 1080 -£*- Faire melufine went fafte ther openyng
A forcelet2 wrought frefh of yuor3 bon ;
A formelet, 4 of gret ualure beyng,
With preiious ftonis gerneffhed that thyng, 108-4 With vertues perles ful ma«y,
To the counteffe gaf it verra hertly,
w
rhich of that iewel fhe ful gret ioy had Thens deperted the Erie and hys maine, 1088 Which were ful noble peple, good and fad,
1 MS. " an m fair." 2 "forccrct" (?)
a MS. " your." *j< fermelet " (?)
[Fol. 26.] She opens an ivory casket, and draws from it a clasp garnished with precious stones, which she gives to the countess.
The earl and las people depart,
u
THE EARL AND HIS PEOPLE DEPART.
Melusine taking her leave of thetu.
The fair meliifme liir leue take hath, fhe Of thys faid counteffe of fid hy degre By-fom al peple honourabylly, 1092 And of thys fayd Erie ryght femblabdly,
Leaping up to their saddles, they ride away. Raymond accom- panies them to the edge of the forest.
Off lades And of maydens all. Thai leaping vp ther fadelles unto, Openly ther thens went that enterual ; 1096 But gentill Raymound conueied tham fo, With peple of eftat Acompanied tho, With hyin wold not haue creature Afoote, ISToght paffyng Columberes woodes foote.
At leave-taking, the earl would fain have asked Raymond who Melusine is, but durst not. Ray- mond, seated on a courser,
1100 T)Ayrnounde of thys Erie ther hys leue gan -ti take,
But the Erie draft noght, And fid fayn wold, Ryght gladly hym A demaimde to make, Off fair nielufine, what fhe was, tel fhold ;
1104 Fid moch he thought, but yut hys pes gan hold ; Fere of difplefaunce of Raymound any wyfe. On A courfere fate fid fair to deuyfe,
[Fol. 20 &.] takes his leave of the earl, and re- turns to Melusine, u ho receives him joyously At the end of eight days, all the trees in the wood were uprooted
1108
nil'
Off thys Erie toke leue ; after gan retorne Streight vnto hys wyf kyffyng hir fwetly, And thought in hert ther vnto fogorn, Which hym refceiued ryght ml ioyoufly. Er that eight dais were ended fully, Al the wodys were roted up and gon ; < If laborers had plente and fufon,
h_v labourers of an unknown nation. They made uideouslj leep ditches, and were
NO man knew whens was, ne of what nacion ; Ful gret diches made, ryght huge and pro- founde, 111G Fid hiduous was to behold adon ;
No caufe had thai ditmaing thaim no ftound, Neither no deffautc i» jx- paraewt found,
THE BUILDING OF LUSIGNAN.
45
Euery day had ther money and argent, 1120 The laborers were the more diligent.
diligent, finding themselves well paid.
T
Ihe fundementes made thai right profounde, (Ful wel know may he if y myffay, lo !) Fair melufme was deuifer of that ground, 1124 And of werke alfo lyke as it was do.
Yppon the quicke Eoehe thay it fett tho ; The fyrfte ftones to put thay, and made In litell of tyme ; Mafons I-now had.
They made deep foundations, building a castle upon the live rock according to Melusine's plan.
1128 rTlhe walles hye deuifed fhe echon,
-*- Wei founded was vppon the faid uayley ; Too ftrong toures made with a huge dongim, And Enuiron an hy with wardes ftrong that day.
1132 Of it meruelyd ftrongly the contray,
hou ful fone men made this faid ftrong repair. And when thys caftell was haf tiled fair,1
There were two strong towers with a huge dun- geon; insomuch that all the coun- try marvelled.
Ihys fwete melufme faw it fidl fair tho, 1136 -■- After hir ryght name gan it fhe Baptife ;
Off hir name fhe hath taken a part, lo !
lufignen to name yaf after hir deuife,
yut is oueral named in that wife ; 1 1 40 Many hare that name, it ahoute gan cry,
And yut is ryght and cried was fuerly ;
[FoL 27.] Melusine bap- tized the castle after the latter part of her own name, calling it Lusignen.
N(
"Oght-withftandyng the good kyng Ciprian hit cried lufignen euer in his cry, 1144 As the hiftory feith to euery man
Off whom after f hal do make memory. Melufigne is As moche to fay truly, Ryght As ho feith, merueles fauti[t]h non ; 1148 She was A woman A-per-fe, alon.
1 At the bottom of the page is the catchword— This fwet melu- fme faw.
The meaning of Melusine is, "no marvels are lack- ing," she being a woman A-per-se.
46
THE BIRTH OF URIEN.
When this castle was built, high walls anil all, people won- dered how it had been finished so soon.
YE may fe here A comfort meruelous, Moclie more then other ftrange auenture. Wei was A-cheuecl this caftel beuteuous, 1152 Al A-boute reifed wonder hy wallnre.
Euery man faid it was A huge dede lure, That thys faid caftel was fo fone made ; The peple wondred and gret meruel had.
Melnsine bare a son, named Urien, whose visage was very short and broad, and who had one eye red, the other gray ;
1156 nnhys fair melufme here in hir tyme bare ;
J- At nyne monthes ende childed fhe A fone,
vrien named, the foth to declare,1
Which that after was of ful gret renone ; 1160 But hys uifage was ftrange to uiiion,
For it was full f hort And large in trailers ;
On ey was rede, Another grey dyuers.
[Fol. 27 6.] also a huge mouth and great nostrils; yet well made- ;is regarded his legs, arms, and feet.
"IjWery man myght fe it openly, 1164 -^ Huge mouth And large gret noftrelles alfo ;
neuer man fain non to hym egally ;
But of body was inly wele made tho,
Off legges, of Amies, of feete therto, 1168 In it not failled thing thouchyng nature,
And at the ful made vnto hvs ftature.
After that she made a city, with high walls and towns, well pro- vided with loop- holes.
A fter that tyme made fhe fid huge honoures, ■■£*- Fourged the brought in moirnt of bew-re- pair, 1172 The walles bild hye, and als tours,
The goinges and comynges wroughten fair, All couered and made, non might ben gair : At louers, lowpes, Archers had plento, 1176 To cAft, draw, and fhete, the diffence to be,
ITmat non wordly man myght no wyfe it take ; -*- So ftrong with peple Acompanyed was, i (i yrycn " is here scrawled in the margin in a later hand.
THE BIRTH OF CEDE.
47
Saracen trumpet- ers.
That ffcrenght ful ftrong with peple gan make, The .niches were
° ° x of great breadth,
1180 The cliches profunde large brede gan purchas, and the gates
large and long.
With this toure couerid hye and bas, The yates Iiunelles, mighty and ftrong, To fain the trouth, fid large were and long.
1184 A twixft the borough and thys ftrenght myghtly Between the town
f\ and the fort was
-*--*- A place ther fourged merueloufly ftrong, made a strong
tower, called
The toure trompe fom callyd it daily, "Troinpe;"
for it was gar-
In lulignen town fo named tham among ; risoned with
1188 For Sariiins trompers tho were put ful long,
To ende this faid toure thay fold kepe and ward, And al enuiron aboute to rewarde
That peple noght approch neither to com ny, [p0i. 28.]
But tho of that ftrenght fhold it know MduslnTbarTa
-. r, son named Oede,
and le. wno had a face
That yere childed fhe the fecunde fonne truly, splendent with Oede1 named ; a fair femblant had he, As fhinyng fire his uifage femynge be, 1196 With wonder redneffe fo refplendifing ; his membres fid fair formid in niakyng ;
r
"X that fame yere made that lady fair That year she
The caftel and brought which men callen mel, and town named 1200 Vauuant and meruant made lhe, non gair, others, including
The tour of feint Meffent after made ful wel ; The Borugh fourged, the abbey gan echclel, Where ]?rtt our lady is ferued alway ; 1204 And After the town of noble partenay.
Parthenay.
A1
Nd Als the caftel fourged fhe roial, She also made tho
With good lime and ftone fref lily vnto fight, nay with good Toures, torettes, pinacles, and harde wall ; towers, turrets',
1208 The craftifmen wrought As tho perfight. wall
Oede is also in the margin, written in the later hand.
48
THE BIRTH OF GUY, AND OF ANTONY.
Her third son was named Guy, who was of great beauty, saving that he had one eye a little lower than the other.
By that, Baymound was doubted of ecli wight, Into gret honour rifen is A-hy, And worfhipped is in ech company.
1212 A ffcer fhe had the third fon fair withall ; -£*- A more fairer neuer fay[«] with ey, Off beute ynow vnto him gan fal, hit cowde noght ben withfaid certainly ;
1216 Sauyng b«t on ey had he more bafly Then bat other a litel l ther feniyng, Men callyd hym Guy, which doubted no-thyng.5
[Fol. 28 b.] The same year was founded Rochelle; and soon after she built a great bridge, for which she received great praise.
1220
T
hen that faid fame yere founded was Rochell, In peito, by fair melufine this lady.
After taried noght, but litel gan dwel, That A fid faire brigge made fhe vnto ey, (As ther cornicles3 fhewith openly), 1224 And in talmondois fourged was to fe,
Of which werke gret loos ther refceiued fhe.
Her fourth son
w.i- \iithouy, who had on his jaw a mark like a imii made by a lion.
All the?e things are true. And when it pleased our Sovereign Lord, this lady had the fifth son,
A
Xon after had fhe born in certain The fourth fone, callyd and named Antony,4 1228 But in hys iaw bare A hurt ful of pain
Off A lyon, which al hys life bare ful fighty ; To hym A gret ftonyng was it verdy, To moche fkin grow, A long feme cutting ; 1232 But hardy man was, noght drad ne fering.
All Is trouth that I outre you or fay, Doubt ye noght of it that I you do tel ; In luxenbrough fair thyng made that day. 1236 Thys lady norifhed thes clnldren ful wel
Till thay wer growyn ryght large, wyfe, and fell ; And when it pleafed our lord fouerain, The fyfte child thys lady had again,
1 MS. "alitel." 2 In the margin is guy in the later hand. 3 Sic in MS. ' In the margin, AvBovt.
TIIE BIRTH OP RAYNOLD, OF GEOFFREY, AND OF FROMOXT. 49
1240 TYThich in his hed had on ey and no mo, ' ' Mofte hiefte fet, wonderly to fe. hys name of Baptime Raynold called tho ;l his fight more clerer ueryle then he
1 244 AYhiche to eyes had, for al their plente ; Merueles gret gan do, after ye f hal hire, So it may he hurde thys tale hole entire.
whose baptismal name was Raynold. He had but one eye, but his sight was clearer than that of a person who has two eyes, for all their plenty.
1248
G
Affrey with gret toth Afterwarde fhe hare,2 [Foi. 29 ]
The next was
\\ Inch growyn in mouth A wonder toth Geoffrey with the
great tooth, which hade, issued from his
mouth, great and square. It was he who slew the black monks of Maillezais abbey ;
Which without iflued pafing gret and fquare ; he ineruelous ftrong, of nothyng Adrad, Blacke monkes he flay, to mortail deth lad ; 1252 Off mailers Ahhay were thay, lef or loth,
Which caufyd hys fader ftrongly to he wroth.3
Af
gain melufine wrothed he fid fore, That to hir fayd moch repref and velony, 125G That hir company loft for euer-more ; Which caufid a fal fro hys Aftat hy To hys gret repref, ryght to fhamfully, As after wyl make declaracyon, 1260 Of al ther warkis the conclufyon.
which event caused his father to be angry with Melusine, and was the cause of all his mis- fortunes.
T1
^he feffe child Ffromont that time callyd was,4 TiieseVenth Of ftature of perfone hie, gret, and long, Inly wel formed, pulcrious of face, 12G4 Sage, fuhtile, wel taught, myghty and ftronge ; But vppon hys none fuch a tach had fong, Byght As A wolfes fkyn row was it tho, Ful ftrange vnto fight to fe hys nofe foo.
son was Fromont,
who had a blemish on his nose. It was
rough as a wolf's skin, so that his nose was a sti auge sight.
1 In the margin, Raynold with'on ye.
2 In the margin, geffrcy withe gret tothe.
3 MS. " wroght."
4 In the margin, Froymonde tv]_as] a monke, andw[as] burnd.
50
BIRTH OF HORRIBLE. URIENS AND GUY LEAVE HOME,
The eighth son was Horrible , he had three eyes, and was of .a very wicked disposi- tion.
[Fol. 29 6.] We now return to Uriens, who was grown big, mighty, strong, and light ; and was fond of war.
He took ship at Rochelle in a barge, with Guy and much people ; intending to go and acquire lands.
They took with them much silver and gold, ami went to sea Boon came they to
Cyprus.
The king Of Cyprus was then being tK
1268 rTlhen the eighteth fone "borne of Melufm, J- Thre eyes hauyng on in front uifible ; l Moclie peplo meruellyd and wonderd ther-i», Thys child named and called horrible ;
1272 For hym vnto fe was thyng terrible, And alfo he was of wycked doing, In no goodneffc, thought but to do ille thing.
1276
"\Tow re IN Wli
retorn Again vnto vriens, Which of thani was the nioft aunc/on. Eche fhal declare hy ordres diligens, That men may perceiue dul am not ther-on. vriens was A fair fquier of perfon, 1280 Growen M bygg, myghtly, ftronge, and lyght, AYilling to know where by fee and lande ryght.
At Eocb (And
t Eochel toke A f hippe ful fair and large, nd for entire,
(And for fhe was long, wide, hole, founde,
1284 I founde in fcripture that it was A barge), Sayng \ai he wold go land to acquire, So god hym warde fro perel to plefur ; ]\loche peple with hym had, the barge ful was ;
1288 Ther Guy with hym went landes to purchas.
IN many places preuid was hardly Thys forfaiden Guy truly manyfold. And to wel find ther peple only, 1292 The fair melufine of filuer and gold
( ! ret plente toke, in trefour ftore to hold. Into fee thay went, the fayl vp gan reife, To cipreffe contre ther f hippes gan teife
1296 Qtreight to that place wher fair auenture ^ funde. Of Cipreffe the kyng tho hefeged was
1 In the margin, hoiryhle with Hi yes.
AND COME TO FAMAGOUSTA, IN CYPRUS.
51
In A myghty towne, which owyd that i'tound ; Named Famagouce' that cite and place ; 1300 Which, enfaimling, Almofte gan purchaee The foudan bigly the town befeging, \\ lth an hundred thottfande men fightyng.
Famagou ita, which the Sultan had nearly taken.
301 "
ff it knew vriens the uerite, Off Famagouce l the Cite roial ; land toke, referfhing2 hym and hys maine. Forth-with declarid to hys peple all, And to thys Cite his peple gan cal, 1308 Wher-vnto thai had An euyn ftreight way ; And beforne tham his baner gan difplay,
[Fol. 30.]
Uriens lands, and, calling his men together, displays his ban- ner.
w.
arrayed against tin.' sultan.
hych of Fine hike was enbrauded l'refhly. Both Saracens
and citizens see
The Saraiins knew and faw ther comyng ; them coming.
.. Soon were they
1312 All tho in cite knew tham uerily,
And ther oofte myght fee fid faft herbiging,
The peple of Armes ther difloging.
Nye to the foudan thai re[n]gid tho were ;
131G As to the Cipriens to fight femywg there,
T
lhat the Soudan caft Away for feere to flee ; That faid to othir, "we moft after few." The kyng Armed was VfiiJi fair Ermynec, 1320 hys fwet doughtcr fid maydenly to vew, hyr honorous fader with harnois new ; Ther hym conueing ryght ful curtoilly, Ynto hys conifer ful debonairly.
132-4 rprompes, clarions, blew up faft founding, J- The kynges baner lifte, vp-reifed by ; Ther full gret affray was at ther mellyng, The paynymes faw the kyng cam frefhly,
The sultan medi- tated Bight; which the king perceived, and was at once at med by Ermynee hia daughter, and mounted his horse. "
Trumps and clarions sound. A hard conflict ensues, and many Christians and
1 MS. " Samagouce." MS. " referfhing ; " the er is blotted. 4 •
52
URIENS AND GUY HELP THE KING OP CYPRUS.
Saracens are slain.
[Fol. 30 6] The king is shot with a poisoned dart, and the surgeons fear that they cannot heal him.
The Cyprians thereupon retreat, closely followed by the Saracens Great clamour in the city.
Ermynee bemoans her father, and tears her goldish hair, perceiving
that he had ar- rived at death's door.
Meanwhile Uriens and Guy had displayed their banners,
1328 Anon Affembled that full haftily ;
Many A criftyn Approched deth in hafte, And Sarafins many to mortal detli cafte.
1332
rTuie fariiins were myghty, fers, And ftrong ;
Tlie Cipriens fhewed ther ftrenght and myght. Tlie king withe a dart1 toxicat poifon fong, Such A malice ftroke his foes hym dight That hi garifon hym wold take no wight. 133G Tho Sourgeons doubte, As thay gan report, Wherfor the peple were tho difcomforth.
T
me2 Cipriens went for fere euermore, The farifmes after full faft fleing, 1340 Into the thowne thay bete thaim before, Many ther ilain And many don caftyng. In that towne was horrible crying, As for tho wounded And Als tho ilayn ; 1314 And for the kynges hurt, ther fouerain,
F
wll dolorous wo ther enforced was ; Ermyne by-ment hir good fader fore, Gret torment to hir ther gan fhe purchas, 1 348 hir goldif h herre tering, breking, euermore, For hir fader and lord lying hir before, Whom perceiued riued at dethes port, And that no maw3 cowde yif theroff comfort.
1352
f\ff kyng Ciprian leue we fhal and reft,
Ami of vrions fpeke and talke we fhall, ^\'llich was wui'tliy, uaillant, and gentilleft, Full femly to fee, lufty ouer all ; 1356 And of his brother, that Guy men do cal, Of fader And moder As beforn is faid ; Ther baneres were openly difplayd,
1 MS. "adart."
» MS. "Thy."
3 MS. "noma.'
UBIENS KILLS THE SULTAN.
53
13G0
ANdi XX A ft
in tlier handes full fafte ean to hold.
[Fill. 31.]
and attacked the A fers and hardy ftoure thcr a man ' fliold fe, Saracen
\Vhen to-geders mete with fpeiys manyfold. The petyuins tham hare As warly men fre ; For ther good vitail and wines plente 1364 The more ftrenger were And the more femly ; Affautes tha[y] gafe dyuers And fondry.
The men of Poitou, owing to their Rood victual ami plentiful Wine, were stronger than their foes.
T1
Iher vriens fhewed his nohle proweffe, Many he-gan lie and hurt manyon ; 1368 his brother Guy in lyke befmeffe,
Men hym doubted As thai wold A lion ; Paynymes hym drad, fered hys perfon ; After wifte noght the foudan what to do, 1372 But with fpores priked hys courfere tho.
Urions and Ony are dreaded by
the Saracens ; and, at last, the Sultan presses forward at full speed,
ff
Ts forbefhed fwerd of ftele fafte holding, To A peiteuin wightly fmote he fafte, So that neuer myght2 be purcharTyng, 1376 With-in. litel while ftanded was in hafte ;
The timbre And yre thorugh hys body wrafte. hyt perceiued tho gentile vriens ; Semyng fro hym-feMe, with gret uiolens,
smiting down a
Poitevin with his furbished sword, so that hoth wooden hilt anil iron blade pierced through his In »ly
r
1 380 TN hys handes twain hys fwerd faft gripte he, Uriells ^''i13 his Such A ftroke ther yaf the Soudan vnto,
To teeth cliue liis hed for hys cruelte,
WttMn the Soudan entred his fwerd fo ; 1384 Vnto mortall deth fell this paynym tho,
The paynymes All abafhed heuily.
Such-wife vriens wrought dedes Army,
sword in both hands, and cleaves the Sultan to the teeth, at which the Paynims are distressed,
That both paynymes, turkes, And furiens, That As A larke fro A haute doth fie, And hare fro grohund As for ther diffence,
1 MS. "aman."
2 MS. " nyglit."
[Fol. 31 6] so that Paynims, Turks, and Syri- ans flee fast to their ships, hard pressed by Uriens.
54
THE KING OF CYPRUS IS MORTALLY WOUNDED.
Uriens determines to rest awhile in the tents of the conquered foes; but, before long, come a troop of Cyprians,
who beseech him to visit the king, as the king cannot visit him, being so sorely wounded.
ITc answers that he will come gladly, r/riena and his brother "light themselves freshly in noble array, and set off
[Fol.32.] Many a (
I
would conquer all
lands by his
appearance.
So fieyng thay vnto thar naue. Vriens which had to tham enmyte 1392 As for to dyftroy the farifins all,
Smote vppon thaim As vppon curres fhal.1
mer by'2 vryens And curtois Guy "Were flayn of paynymes the myghtieft. 139G Vriens in ther tentes thought long finely, Thens thought not go, but ther take to refte, Sin vppon paynyms had he fuch conquefte. Ther ne taryed he noght ouer3 long, 1400 That the Cipriens cam befdy ftrong
Off the hinges part to hym fend, and come, Befechyng tham com to the cite, Off frendlyhed the way to hym nome, 1 404 For vnto tham come certes myght not he ; For vnnethes myght fpeche on hym be, Strayned with fekneffe fuch wyfe was tho, Wounded and hurt with hys cnemyes foo.
1408
TTThen vriens was thaim vnderftandyng,
he Anfwerd thaim ryght ful curtoifly, That gladly wold he Approche that hy kyng. In noble Aray greithed thaim frefhly 1412 Vryens And hys brother in company,
Towardes the kyng whent thai forth Anon ; Moche went Cipryan, beholdyng the perfon
0'
||ff vriens, which he faw moche, large, And grett,
1 4 1 G Ther feing he had A fid ftrange uifage In horrible wyfe, As he went by ftrett, Euery man blcffed, fayng in ther paffage, That neuer fuch a man 4 faw in al ther age ;
1 "final" (?) 3 MS. "oure."
2 MS. " Thcrby." 1 MS. " aman."
URIEXS VISITS III.U ON HIS DEATHBED.
55
1420 "By refon," faid, "lie fhukl do conquere1 All landes vriih hys femblant and cliere ;
F
"On sliold to fight2 hym attende nc hide, "Which fro hym may Any wyfe diffende ; 1124 ho, lord god, ho? noght A geaunt no tide ! I you enfure, meruelus is to attende ! " At the gret paleis gan thay to diffende ; On grice went vp, the kyng on bed thay foun.de, 1428 Hys nofe, hys mouth holned gret that ftounde,
fur that none would dare to stand against him. On arriving, they ascend the palace steps, and find the king's nose and mouth swollen,
w
ith toxicat uenym replete was certain ; and the king rc-
hym ther complaynyng and fid fore be- Uriens salutes
him humbly, who llient. * returns his saluta-
tion, and great
thanks also.
humbly vriens falute thys fouerain, 1432 Thys kyng which in body tliis poifon hent ; Anon hys faluz yild forthwith ther prefent, Sayng, " ye haue me feruyd nobilly, And to me ye haue done gret curtefy ;
143G "VTEuer in my lyf no fuch no had."
-*- ' Thes wordes outred the kyng of Cipriens, After deniaundyng vriens ful fad, "What be ye? what is your name bis pre- fentens ? "
1440 " "Wbrfhipful kyng, men cal me vriens ; Off hvfignen am naturally grow, I wyll that my name to all men ben know."
The king further demands Uriens' name, who answers that he is Uriens of Lusignen.
1444
TN faith," fayd the kyng, » of it am I glad ■- That dreffyd and come ye be to thys place, see him, but tells
him that he feels
[Fol. 32 h ] The king is glad to
And that your wyll were truly to be hade Swet frende, I fele mortal dethe me brace, Neuer After thys comforth to purchace 1448 Off furgery-crafte ne with medicine, For ftuffcd I am ful of uenyme, 1 MS. " comqucrc." - MS. "fight."
he is Incurably wounded, being Btuffed lull of venom ;
56
THE KING OF CYPRUS TELLS HIS BAROXS
wherefore he be- sought him to please to con- descend to accept his gift, which Uncus does.
Whereof lieltli neuer fhal I not conquere, But of my days fhortly to make end ; 1452 Wherefor you bef[e]che with me accorde here That to my gift you pleafe to condifcend, "Whereby noght fhal lefe, vriens, gud frend ; honour fhal ye haue, worfhip, and profite." 1456 Vriens graunted hym without refpite,
Tlif king thanks him for his assent, and sends for his barons and his daughter Erniynee.
That hys commaundement Avoid he do gladly, Agre and Accorde hys fayd gyft vnto ; The kyng hym thanked, And fayd full humbly, 1460 "Thys is Avel fayd, and the more gladder, loo ! I fhal mortal cleth take ; " commaundyng thoo That Al the Barons After fend fhold he, And hys fayr doughter the fwet Ermyne.
He tells his barons he expects not to live longer, and that he wills to leave his king- (1'Hii to hU daughter,
1464 TT\o hys barons faid, "now ye vnderftande, -*- More longer liff noght in me attend ; lenger may not liue here with you in lande, My noble BeAvnie Cipreffe ; now fay you at end,
1468 Wliom, to my power, haue warded and diffend Efro paynymes at point of fwerdes cru[e]lte, Now it wyll I leue my doughter Ermyne,
[Fol. 33.] she being the true heir. The barons thereupon do homage to his daughter; and the king adds,
IN" me noght had no poynt of medicin ; For therof fhe is enheritour of ryght." Thai fayng hym with contenance good and fin, That gladly Avoid do hys plefire eche wyght.1 Ther homage made to hir do in fight, 1476 So takyng of Mr ther landes and fe.
Then toke to fpeke tins noble kinge fre ;
that his subjects cannot be de- fended by a simple woman against
" rPhe barons All here me Amderftande, J- ye Avarde And kepte tridy may noght be 1480 By fimple woman gayn Sarifins hande ; 1 MS. " wyight."
HE SHALL LEAVE HIS KINGDOM TO UIUENS.
57
your neighbours thay ben wonder ny to fe ; Such fers ftoures of huge cruelte As off Armes bere, ne the fharpe fhoures ; 1484 Here Auifed haue to you good focoures.
I?
such cruel neigh- bours as the Saracens ;
"ppon thys dede here I haue deuifed That vriens is pufant and rn.ygh.ty, Off lufignen uaillantly franchifed, 1488 Which that the Soudan difconifith manly, And hys men gan lie by dedes Army, By the huge proweffo off hys body ftrong ; Off thys knewlych non hath by mene of tonge ;
that TJriens is puissant and mighty, and has discomfited the sultan, as they all saw for them- selves :
hat demaunde or afke here of hym now and that he there- fore asks them to
1492 ^T
* » wold,
To pray hym I you here befeche hertly, That he me noght wern, but my requefte hold." Thay hym befought and prayed fwetly ; 1496 To ther requeft Acorded he humbly ;
To the kyng reportyd thay that he wold do What-fomeuer he wold hym demAunde, lo !
beseech Uriens to grant him all his request; which the barons at once accede to.
1500
THeroff was the kyng Full ioyous And glade, To vriens faid, " me requeft hir ye,
And here perdon me of my wordes hade, For nothyng Avil ne of you for to gyf me, Off youres nothing fall demaunded be ; 1504: But you wil I gif gentilly, fire, of myne Thys Eewme with all enheritaunce fyne,
[Fol. 33 &.] The king is glad thereof, and tells Uriens that he wishes to ask nothing of him, hut to confer on him something of his own,
w
ith my fair doughter in franke manage ;
namely, his king-
For other haue non difcended of my lyne, Shto.^The 1508 you befech to take here thys fair Image." ^^d°rthe
When the Barons knew to that Avoid iwclyne,
Strongly ioyed all off that difcipline,
Ther loue to vriens ftrongly gan draw, 1512 For the gret goodneffe that thay on hym faw.
58
THE KING OP CYPRUS DIES,
Urieiis thanks the king, and says he would not take the gift if he saw in the king any respite from death.
"Triens the king full well underftode,
u
A lytell mufed, after gan Anfwere ;
" I thanke you hertly, gracyous lord goode, 1516 Off that ye me haue don fuch honour here ; But iff refpite of deth in you faw were, Full litill or noght wold I your gifte preife ; But, lord, fyn it doth your hert fo to pleife,
The marriage is performed; and,
as the priest was raising the host at the mass, the king yielded up his soul.
1520
Qyn your will it is, Full wele lyketh me ;
Wherfor fhold I, lo ! longer it delay 1 " Thys mariage don plefantly to fee, And ryght As the prefte reifed god ]>at day 1524 Off the holy maffe, pat pe prefte gan fay
Where thys like kyng lay in fuch maner wife, yild vpp hys good foule in-to paradife,
[Fol. 34.1 Their great joy is thus turned into wo. The bride's heart is "locked up " with heavi- ness.
1528
"TTThere our lordewill refceyue hym of hys grace, " " And off all hys fyn yeuyng hym pardon ;
For I witneffe you And fay in thys place, That he was A trew catholike perfon. Ther gret ioy changed in-to wo Anon, 1532 full dolorous was tho the efpoufe,
With heuyneffe loke was hir good hert fre.
The king is buried royally ; and there were therefore no plays or tour- naments at the wedding,
The kyng After entered was goodly ; long taried noght or put were on graue, 1536 hys obfequie don ryght worfhipfully,
And, to fay the foth, As refon wold craue ; For A kyng fhold roiall obfeque haue. That time noght had pleys ne tornement, 1540 For tho gret dolour whych for the kyng hent,
which was, never- theless, honestly done. No blame
attached to thoso
"TTThich At mortall deth was ther prefently. " " But not-withftandyng honeftly was don The mariage And weddyng grcabilly ; 1544 Blame ne reproche certes ncdith non
AND URIENS MARRIES ERMYNEE.
59
Tho moiled of thes dede paffed and gon ; w'»' were busy
-1 about that mat- So wyll was this thing At poynt don b«t day, t*r;
At which time ther was full noble array
1548 A ppertaynyng wel to A hinges dede.
-£*- At thys mariage was nobles ful many, Of fondry townes peple in that ftede, knightes, laydes, damycelles worthy,
1552 yonge Squiers, And maydens goodly,
Where-w/tA thys faid fefte gretly gan honour, Which ther daunced At that tyme and hour.
1556
"Oyght1 thus the peple merily ioyng
As off the good ride noyfed of thaim to, Of the efpoufe full noble gouernyng, And of the good lordes renomyng alfo. Auon was flie made vnto bedde go, 15 GO For vriens wold in no wyfe tary,
"With hir went to bedde As man ful haftly.
r
]N" that night Greffon ther engendred was, Off whom I fhall declare, outre, and fay ; 1564 Which in payny conquered hye And bas, Gret feignories And contrees that day, And of Colcis quitte the contre Alway, "Where playnly no man in no wife palfe myght. 1568 ]\lany merueles of trought cam ther ryght,
E1
for many nobles, knights, ladies, damsels, and squires, honoured the marriage feast, and danced thereat.
[Fol. 34 6] Thus joyed the
] pie "ii account
of the good rule of those two, viz., of the bride and Uriens.
Their firstborn was named Greffon, who conquered many countries, includ- ing Colchis,
Wery moneth twenty And mo. An He was ther had full fair to deuife, Wlieron conquered was the flees tho, 1572 Which conquefte was made hj medee auife,2 By Iafon Away it bering fuch wife, he it conquered by the hy prudence Off medec the fair, And by liir fcience ;
1 In the margin, [Vr]ycn Tcyny of \_Cip~\re by ermync \J>y]s wyf hat he a boy \cal~\hd gryffon.
2 MS. " medecauife."
where was an isle, in which the golden fleece was pained by Jason, witli (lie aid of Medea.
60
DEEDS OF GREFFON, SON OF URIEXS.
It would take up too much time to tell all that story. I should then be going aside from the matter iu hand.
1576 TJ^Vll long tyme wold be it to reliers here.
r
ho in-to thys boke thys mater draw wold,
The meruailles huge had in that ille there, A thoiifand ther hau[e] fall, come, and unfold ; 1580 A thoufand fayn, A thoufand tymes told, As wele opin plain As faid by ftraitneffe ; Out of my mater iffue fliold expreffe.
TFol. 35.] Greffon was quick and ready in war, and conquered many places. At last he came to Tripoli (?),
1584
which he assailed and took. Thus he acquired laud, honour, and praise.
Off thys He to fpeke thys tynie f hall I refte, And vnto Greffon retorn here me fhall. Greffon with fwerdes fors was redy and prefte, Off maree the prince, chef, And principall ; After the porte yaffe, conquered he all. 1588 So Aboute went purf chaffing dayly,
That the uaillant Cite of Triple cam by ;
BI hys huge proweffe went it to affadl In ryght werly wyfe, For manly was in brefte, 1592 That both Ins penon And baner fanfaill
Put within the town, fo making conquefte. $"euer At no clay taried ne refte, That he [ne] went by land And by ffee, 1596 laude, honour, preifmg fo conquered he.
„ . . . /~\ff hym we fhall refte And tary now,
Unens is crowned II
king of Cyprus. \J ^nd to our pUrpOS here retorn fhall we
llis wife s uncle x x
\s Ung of Off vriens, kyng which is Ml know,
Armenia. ' " °
1600 And crounyd lorde of Cipreffe was he.
Vnclc1 to hys wif, the king of hermyne ; "When liir Fader in lif was beins.
This king of Armenia dies, to
1G0-4
Brother to hym was of hermyne the kyng.
rpiiys full noble kyng of Arminiens
-*- In his days was man of grett goodneffe,
1 In the margin, kynge of hermy[ne] vnlcull to vriens, brother to her ja\tlui\\
HOW GUY BECAME KIXG OF ARMENIA. Gl
But Ay niyght not be in liffes exiftence ; the great sorrow
of his subjects,
Tho feble and ftronge dethe takytli expreffe. many of whom
1 G08 Tlier ware hys peple full of heuyneffe, With that forow had many mortalite, For whyle he regned, well rided the contre.
died of grief.
1612 A.
douthter he had gentde And full fayr, [Foi 35 &.]
a i i ,1 ,1 n His daughter was
A more gentelere was ther non then the, his only heir;
\vli6reforo tlic
Off hym difeended was non other hayir. Armenians send
A concell ther hold off the hermyns fre questing tMens
rp-i ,,-i u y i j. • sr to send them his
lnat thay wold lend to ciprelle contre, brother Guy, 1G16 Requiring the kyng that hys brother Guy Sol[d] fend in-to ther region only,
A1
nd * he fhold haue that gentile damycell who should have To hys wedded wife, flourye the fair. Fiourle.'To'wife.
1G20 Thay thys ordhiaunce Amonge thaim held ful cometoCyprm wele ; To Cipreffe cam thes meffyngers debonair, Without tarying or Any retrair Vn-to the kyng declaryng ther melfage, 1G24 For euery off thaim was full wyfe And fage.
w
'ith full gret ioy refceyued thaim the kynge, unens takes And tham fefted wonder nobilly. K2uI5
When thes nouelles vriens knowyng %3£2S«
1G28 Off the fayr debonair, the gentile floury, once-
Off hys barons toke concell haftily. Thay All accorded2 And to hym thay faid, That hys brother lhold fend with J?am \ai braid.
1G32 nnhat thys thyng were done hafted he bigly; Gay agrees to the J- Guye after fend, Accorded All ther-to ship, and arrives
That which vriens commaunded hym only. Into ffe thay went with moche peple tho,
1 MS. "AAnd." 2 MS. " occordcd."
02
GUY MARRIES FLOURIE OF ARMENIA.
1636 Off Amies doubty, noble, And gentile, lo ! Armed thai were In hernieny, Wher enherite f hold the full fair floury.
[Fol. 36] Disembarking, he
soon meets .si. me lords, who receive him gladly ; and marries Flourie,
1640
and is king of the country ; so that two brothers are once more kings of Armenia and of Cyprus.
The two kings aided those who wile descended from them, and the people of Rhodes too. They bad many children.
A T erthe difcended, fo thay forth going, -*-■*- lordys of contre contring thahn Again, "With A "vvilfull hert full gentilly refceyuyng, And ioyufly brought forth thys fouerayn. Off hys comyng gret ioy had fertayn, 1644 All the eftates made hjin fidl gret fefte ; he maried floure without other refte, l
nniie king After was of all the contre,
-*- Thes to Rewmes put As thay beforn were.
1G48 To brethers Aforn of trouth had it be, So ben thay now in to brothers powerc, By fader and nioder, in like manere. Thes kynges to regned, As it is fayd,
1652 And ther tyme ftrongly gan tliay aid
To tho which of thaini difcended were ; As I underftande, tho of rodes to, That in mifchef ye know, And uiiite there. 1656 Full many children had thes brethers tho, Which lcnid till thay were large woxen, lo ! Many fair dedes in ther tyme thay wrought, That fele paynymes to difconifiture brought.
and ruled well, trampling under foot those who annoyed them. I will now turn to Raymond and
Melusine.
1660 A fter diceffe of ther fader good,
-El- Which vnto tham both gentill fader was, Ther Rewmes ruled Avell while in lif ftood, And ther noyours underfote put bas.
1664- Fro thaim to ther fader torn wyll by grace, As vnto Raymounde And fair melufigne, Ther noble moder with all honour dygne.
1 In the margin, Gicj maryd Jlon\_re\ Jcgngc of hermtf[ne] dogter, % ys iy\ng] hymfelf.
RAYMOND AND MELUSINE REJOICE.
C3
w
'lion that thay hurde the nouelles And tiding [Fol. 30 &.]
When these heard
1GG8 " ' Off tlier fones too, goode, fair, and gentill, of the success of
their two sons,
how conquered had to gret Eewmcs hauyng ; Wlierefor thay fayd the fept pfabulmes until The kyng of glorie, enpreiling with vos fhill, 1G72 Ey whom thai haue had the huge victory, And conquered ther foes many ;
they said the 7 Psalms to the King of Glory,
A]
K"d that in fo gret honoures put be That Ayther of thaim claymed is A kyng, 1G7G And of fogettes loued in eche degre, Then was fhe fette in defy[r]ing Our lord for to feruo, hertly hym thankyng. Tlvys noble lady called Meluflne, 1GS0 As for the helth of hir foule deuine,
because each of them was called a king. Moreover Melusine, for her
soul's health,
Thys fail' Meluhne, without tarying, Of our lady A minftre fourged fhe Which was fid fair, gladfom in feing ; 1G84 hit edefied Melufme the fre,
And fidl richely it founded to fe ; Thorough All peiters, by hir owne deuyfe, Many churches founded in glorious wyffe.
built a minster to Our Lady, and founded also many other churches.
-1G88 fTIO euery place yalf fhe gyftes grett.
-I- Affter Oede liir fon gan fhe to marie The fair doughter, of the noble Erie gett. For foth Eaynold, Avhych had but on eye,
1G92 Full gret, thikke, And fers wax he wonderly ; Anthonyo And he parted lufignen fro, For peple went thens when dined had tho.
Next she married her son Oede to the earl's fair daughter. Raynold am! Anthony set out from Lusignan.
[Fol. ::r| They soon came
FOr Anthony was ape and elclefte, Towardes Erehain toke he the ftreight way, to Luxemburg, Till that luxemborugh Approched fid prefte, A famous town of gret renon that day.
64
RAYN0LD AND ANTHONY COME TO LUXEMBURG.
which was then being besieged by the king of Alsace,
who had nearly taken the town. They asked the cause of the war, and find that it was for the duke's daughter, an orphan,
whom the king of Alsace wished to marry forcibly. The brethren defy the king by a herald,
whereof the king is glad, as he is fierce and cruel. From afar the brel hren per- ceived the host, armed with
knives and halberds.
[Fol. 37 6.] The Lufiignana al i m i> i he foes boldly, so that the
Beforn whom many A pen on gan difplay, 1 700 The king of Aufoy it hefegied had,
Almofte it toke, within thay fore Ached.
"TTTTien thes hrethren to in feld comyn were, ' ' The town vnnethes gayn Aufoys myght hold ; 1704 Ther Aither of tham had hurt1 the manere,
"Wlierefor thaim werred thys myghty kyng hold ; For A mayden it was that haue wold, That -within, the towne was gentil, curteys, & faire, 1708 Doughter of A duke,2 Orphelyne dehonair.
BI ftrenght to wife haue wold hir the kyng, Bemeue wold he noght thys faid Cite fro Til the dukes doughter he were hauyng. 1712 But Anon cam A-place thes hretherin to,
Which with thaim hrought A wonder huge hoft
tho, Vnto thys faid kyng fend thay diffiance, By An heraude of theres that inftance.
1716 TTTherof the king was ioyus And glad,
" * For he was lufti, yonge, fers, and cruell ; < A-ferrome thay perceyued the ftrenght had, Seing the haneres with the wynde ful wel,
1720 Which hlew thaim A-lofte with many A penfell, Of Army peple feing grett fivfon, With Cuftiles And Gifarmes manyon ;
rpiien thay ftafte thaim, putt in-to ordinance, 1724 -*- Goyng to fmyte ther enemies uppon,
huge noyfe and crye Affembled that inftance. The lufignens went, fafte crying tham on ;
"hurd" (?)
• MS. "guke,"
TIIK POITEVINS DEFEAT THE MEN OF ALSACE.
65
To-geders dreuing cam with gret randon, 1728 And when thay cam the Aifemble to,
The erth made thay to tremble and quake tho.
T
mer entre-femhHng don wonder ferfly ; A gret Abafhment was it tho being ; 1732 Aufoys peitynyns ailailing bigly,
Peiteuyns vppon Aufoys fafte knakking, Manyon ther ilayn, mortally deyng ; Ayen lufignens crying1 were Fid fafte, 1736 " Theffes Aufoys ! byde our fwerdes taste,
F(
\Ot efcape no wyfe mow ne flial ye noght ! " Ther army dedes the peiteuyns gan do, Fro fele bodies pertid the foule in brought. 1740 Then thes brethren, ech by thaim-self, tho,
So fid werrely wrought, can noght be faid, lo ! Off o fide and other fo departed there, That the peiteuyns Aufoys gan conquere.
174-4 A Xthony the kyng toke with handes to, ■£*- In his hand he femyd hym no-thyng, hym wold he haue llayn, but he yilde hym tho, A-non hys fwerd forth-w/t/* prefenting.
1748 "When Anthony faw to hym fo yilding,
he hym refceyued And his fwerd gan take ; And tho the Aufoys gret flight gan to make ;
earth trembles at their encounter.
The men of Alsace assail the Poitevius, who hammer at them iu return. The Lusignans bid their foes abide the taste of their swords.
The two brethren, each by himself, behave in bo wav- like a manner, that their men are the victors.
In Anthony's hands the kin^ " seemed nothing.'' Anthony receives his sword in token of submission.
1752
But peyteuyns Full ny gan thaim to few, And Eaynold ftrongly full fafte gan to fight, >"irsue the n,"n "f
[Fol. 3S.] The Poitevins
Many ther were ilayn And fele gan fubdew, The Aufoys takyng all And ilayn don-right. Raynold was full fage, And wel taught perfight, 1756 In like wyfe was hys brother Anthony,
Full gentill And connyng vnto mannys eye.
Alsace till tin arc all taken and
slain.
1 MS. "eryng," e being mis-written for <-, and ;' omitted.
GG
ANTHONY AND RAYNOLD ARE WELCOMED,
Anthony and Raynold take their ease in th?ir tents, and send six knights, with the captive kin;,', to the fair maiden.
The fair creature inquires who are the two noble lords who have thus come to her assistance.
Where that day thay toke to eafe thaim finely As for ther repare in the tentes and place. 17 GO In-to the town After fend cpiikly
To fe if thay were reioed in thys cace ; knightes fixe made go vnto the good grace Off thys fair mayden, hire to prefent the kyng, 1764 Ther tliens departyd, lenger noght byding ;
The kyng prefented to thys fair creature, vnto do with hym at hir owne plefance. Then thys fayr mayden, frefh f happe of figure, 1768 Which was full gentde, Fair, fwet of femblance, And to tho faid which had hir in gouernan.ee, " Fro whens comith this noble lordes thys hour, That me thys day han don fo gret honour 1 "
An aged knight tells her they are the " sons of Lusignan; " and that their names are Anthony and Raynold.
1 772 " II TA dame," faid on which was an Aged knight, i'J- " With A herty will ye fhal laiow gladly ;
Thes bene the fones of lufignen ryght ;
Men thaim fo name, certes, by ther cry, 1776 That on of thaim is called Anthony,
And that other hath vnto name Raynold,
To full myghty men, manly And full bolde."
[Fol. 38 h] She is very grate- ful for their services, ami ex- presses a » ish to counsel with them en' they go.
1780
rTuiys Fair mayden faid, "god off his mercy J- Off ther focoui' tham thanke for hys hy
pufance, For me haue thay don dedes Full worthy. What fo I haue fhall be to ther plefance, For ther con fell wrought and good gouernance, 1784 With tham fhall I concell, er thay goo, ( Ml' all thyngis that 1 haue to do."
She tells her council she shall invite the brethren and their hosl Into the town.
Then fhe ther demaunded hir concell ; After commaundyng thes brethren come hir to, 1788 lenger invent not flic it withold well,
AND ENTER LUXEMBURG.
G7
And with ther hofte fhall ' come loge alfo, In thys faid towne ther herbigage haue tho, And in efpeciall tlie Barons mofte by. 1792 hyr peple faid, " it find bene dune truly."
TOward th.es brethren went thay forth anon, The messengers ... , find the brethren
\\ itnin the tentes merily tham founde, in the king's
_ . .ii -t pavilion, where
in place wnere was the kyngys pauilon they had found
1796 For time that the fege was hold in pat ground, andhaddis-
rrl p , ,, T r. -, , , p, -, tributed it among
J her lounde thay 1-now ot goodes pat ltounde, the soldiers. But of it thay Avoid take ryght no-thyng, But to men off amies All was yeuyng.
1800 TTTnat-fomeuer thing in that place was founde, " " Fyrfte gaf to tho gret, After fmal vnto.
"When fro luxemborugh where come pat ftounde
Thes meffengers Ful Apertly tho, 1804 Ther meffage fagely And wightly nan do
To thes to brethren off fidl huge proweffe
Fro the part off thys lady And meftreffe.2
Thes3 brethren to refceyued tham humbly, Ryght 1V» As thay k[n]ew full wel for to do. When thes meffyngers vnderftod uerily All thare Anfwer, no lenger taried tho, That of thes knightes fife hundred and mo 1812 Went thaini to loge there, were noght dangerous, knowing that ther was al thyng plenteuous.
When the messengers from Luxemburg ha<l arrived at the pavilion, they delivered their message to the two brethren,
[Eol. 39.] who reeeivi il them humbly. The messengers receive their answer, and at once 500 kni:.-lils set oui to lodge within the l "» n,
T1
uie hoftes marfchall lefte thai pat ircftance, Ther forigers4 A-forn gan to fend 181G For ther hoftes to make ordinance,
The brethren leave their " marshals " With the main army, and send their foragers on before them.
1 MS. "fholl."
2 At the bottom of the p;ige is the catchword— " Thes brethren to refceyued."
3 MS. "Thycs." * MS. "forigers."
5 *
08
CHRISTIAN FEASTS THE BRETHREN".
Every place and cross-way are filled with people.
Tin- nobles of the city convey the brethren to the castle. The maiden arrives thither; her name is Christian.
She is accom- panied by many ladies, both married and maiden, who re- ceive the brethren nobly.
[Fol. 30 6. ] A feast is pro- vided ; they wash their hands, and Bit in order; the king of Alsace highest, Anthony next, and Raynold
and three barons
next.
A more " honest " feast was never seen. After
dinner they
washed their hands; and, grace being .--aid,
_ Of whome the Inftrumeiites founded, at end, Off luxemborught entre moche to commende ; No place ther had, neither carfoukes non, 1820 But peple fhold fe ther come many one,
T
\0 the founde that thes inftrumentes gan make ;
The nobles and gentiles comyng thaim agayne. Tho mofte worthieft thes brethren gan take, 1824 Vnto the caftel conueing thaim certayn. To thys affemble peple cam ful fayn, Where appered thys criftin creature, Whiche criftian was named, be ye fure.
1828
rpher Acompanied was fhe noght ill
Of laides had ful gret company, ~With noble damyfelles longing hir until, Als of tho maried As of maidens many. 1832 Thai thes brethren refceyued nobilly, And fid fagely ryght fo As thay fhold, Ther vitail redy As to plefire haue wold,
With-out tariyng to waf h ther handes went ; After went to fitte ther ceriatly. Sche made thaim ther A ful fayr fight to bent, The kyng of Aufoy fette was he mofte hy ; After the brother to Raynold, Anthony, 1840 After thre gret barouns of the fame place, Enmyddes tham Raynold ther fette wace.
mher
her tho had was An excellent fefte, more honefter neuer fayn with eye,
1844 Of vitail and als wines of the beft ;
The peiteuyns were at eafe merily.
When dined thay had, ther handes wafh clenly ;
The tables rayfed After tho anon, 1848 And graces faide with gret deuocion,
THE KIXG OF ALSACE CLAIMS HIS RAXSt >M.
G9
T
\he kyng of Aufoya to thes "brethren to Said, " I am your prefoner tliys inftance, In your handes take at thys iournay, lo ! 1852 I you here hefech to make ordinance, In fuch wyfe I may he put to finance." Anthony hym faid in fayr, " lord and knight, Our prefoner he ye noght of right ;
the king Baid to the two brethren, " I am your prisoner, and ask to be i>ut to ransom.''
1856 ~| TEre haue we done And fhewid curteffy, ■*-*- Where to wrongoufly uillanous ye doo, To thys nohle damicel and lady. Owr dedes we haue put now hir vnto,
18G0 your hody we haue yeuyn hir alfo ;
Now hy hir mofte he all the ordinance, Other-wyfe ryght noght hut to hir plefance.
1834
TX hir ftandeth all your deliuerance,
Or elles your deth without doubt Any " — - ( When the kyng it Kurd, in hert had noifance)— "for that ye haue hir noyed wekkidly." Forfoth tho anon fpake thys fayr lady, 18G8 (Xeuer conceited hy mannys langage,
For f he was well thaught, hdy wife and fage),
Anthony replies that they have been as courteous as he has been villanous, and thai they now put his hody in the lady's power,
[Fol. 40. i because he bad annoyed her wickedly. But the fair lady at once, without any prompting.
ir
lordes, fhe faid, " I thank you hertly returns thanks to
„1 . the two lords, and
Of lioiiourand lercnce that ye haue me do; saysinretum
that she leaves the king at their disposal, as she t( uld not "guerdon" them
1872 But hy my feith As to that dede finely Off kyng Aufoys, I wyll not ordayn, lo ! he is yours, I leue hym you vnto ; here all that I haue you1 gyf you thys day,
187G For you to guerdon2 certes can ne may,
And hepes of gold had in trefory, That which ye haue yufterday me do, By your gracious nohle chiualry.
if she had heaps of
gold. The king's
I <<!"(?)
2 MS. "ffruerdon.
70
HE SUBMITS HIMSELF TO CHRISTIAN.
life ami death are 1880 In you lyth hys lif, And his deth alfo.
therefore in their ei i t -i .li
power. Is 0 other tnyng i hal 1 do tner-to ;
They answer, " If so, he shall have a quit-claim of us, provided he kneel down here debonairly, and cry you mercy,
[Fol. 40 6.] and swear he will never do you annoyance, dis- turbance, or damage. The f;ur maiden sweetly consents.
The'king is Hill glad, and cries mercy al once. She accordingly consents to his freedom.
The i hi" in", i cries wi1 h a loud voice, t lull he should i" have such chivalrous men for neighbours,
1884
So to your goodneffe am I bounde & hold." hir wordes lmrde Antony and Raynolde,
rpiiai hir anfwering, " fin ye wyll do fo,
Of vs fhal he haue A qnite-clayme fully, "VVith-that he Amend that he hath mifdo. Then here fhall he knele fid debonerly, 1888 here Aforn vs al, criing you mercy
Of trefpas and wronges he hath done here ; And vppon hys feith truly you to fwere
That neuer you il after thys fhal doo, No noifance, diftourbance, neither demage ; Surete And hoftage fhall you take vnto." Thys fair maden faid with fidl fwet langage, " Kyght As ye haue faid, it pleaiith my corage ; 189G Vnto you I wyll Agre in all thyng,
As ye wyll, fo wyll I, by contenting."
T
}\\e kyng was Ml glad, ioyng merily, For he trowed wel exiled to be. 1 900 To thys lady went, cryng hir mercy,
lyke-wyfe As was faid by Anthony fre. Thys womanly thyng ther refceyued fhe, Ryght As it pleaiid ther thys brethren to, 1904 She Accordid in femble wyfe tho.
w
"hen the kyng bad made hys othe & fwrete, Then ful lowde he fpake And fid hautaynly, And fayd the Barons, "ful glad mow ye1 be 1908 yiffuch a neighbour puruely myght I As on of you lo to haue uerily, Which bene fo chiualrous in your doing, And which for fo do is preifable thyng. » « myght I " (?)
ANTHONY MARRIES CHRISTIAN.
71
1912 QEith here now thys plefant debonair *J Gentile Criftian, thys nobyle ducheflej Which holdeth eontrees and rentes fair ! Anthony, me' hire befech your hineffe,
191G ye don haue gret curtefy and gentilneffe, Hit is gret refori ye were fateiied Off your ful good "will don And Applied.
and in bids Anthony look nil the pleasanl Christian, lliis duchess, with fair rents, and con sulci- that it i« reasonable that he should !><■ repaid for his kindness.
I
fay thys to ende that it myght be wrought [FoL «.]
Be thinks that
1920 -1- As that we App[r]oche that 1 thenke fully, christian might
be given to
Efcyghl noble Barons, tin wel I haue thought, ' To my femyng, Criftian might mary As to be yeuen vnfco Antoni. 1924 A man no better myghl hit employ nay-where, For this knight is A worthi baculere."2
Anthony, as he is s.i worthy a bachelor.
0
fl" luxeml trough the Barons and eche lord, Thebaronsand
rill n p i -11 hll'lls ill" IjllM'lll
lliay favng, ful wel here hath laid the burgappiaud
,, him ; and the
kyng. marriage-feast is
1928 All Agreable fete in one Accorde, for eight days.
To thys werke the kyng was thaim there thing.
The mariage had with all the weddyng,3
Which endured eight days plenerly, 1932 Ther had iouftes and tornementes myghty.
rTlhere Loufted tho ful nobilly the kyng. J- At eighl days ende tinifhed the fefte, Then euery man redy fafte haftyng 193G To go And leue take of tho femyng heft. Anon ther cam, without bode or refte, A meffenger, ftreighf fal't As he myght goo, Which longing was the kins of Brehayne to.
The feast ended,
every man is about to take
leave, when a
messenger arrives from the kinj.' of Brehayne,
1 MS. " thoiught." ■ MS. "baiulerc."
3 In the margin, Antony ys \duhe\ of luxenb[ourgh] by marry- [ ''".'/] Oryftyne, ajr yerqf.
72
NEWS CUMES THAT THE SARACENS
with a letter to
t!»- king of Alsace. Having read the letter, lie begins tn sigh and weep tenderly ; and, being asked the reason.
1940 TT}0 the kyng of Aufoys lettres he brought.
-L Anon the gate opened hym Amto,
¥oith.-with ]>e kyng brake thes ftrange lettres wrought.
As lone As he had radde thes letters tho, 1944 There gan he to figh and fowghid for "\vo,
And Als for to wepe ryght fid tenderly ;
Then thes brethren to demaunded for why
[Fol. 41 &.] says he has had hard news; that the Saracens have besieged a town in Brehayne, and that he pities the king his brother.
Anthony listens to his appeal, and bids him not be discomforted ; for that he will send his brother aid;
and that Raynold should go and slay
the Saracens. The king hereupon pledges his life that Raynold shall marry his niece;
That he weped fo, And wat tydinges he hade. Vnto tham he fayd, " refte wil noght to tell ; Full ill me is come, hard nouelles and fad ; ' Befegyd haue the faryfins cruell In Brehayne with the tiranny fell. 1952 Off my brother kyng haue I gret pete,
Which fore difpleaflth and hurteth foule me.
FOr your lordys fake, take therof pete, And if it you pleafe to hys focour goo, 1956 I thynke it deferue atwixft you and me."
When Anthony underftode hys wordes tho, Full goodly he faid thys hy kyng vnto, " Sir," he fayd, " for thys be not difcomfort ; 19 GO My brother you ful wel fhal recomfort.
TT^Or certes Raynold my brother fhal go, -■- My good knightes with hym fhal he bring, And your brother put Away fro avo, 19G4 Ther many Sarifms fhal be deing."
" I thanke you hertly," to hym fayd the kyng ; "I Afferme And plegge here vppon my life, My brothe[r]s doughter fhal he haue to wyfe ;
19G8
T) aynold fhal fo enploed be and fette,
-*-*- Then in your brother better may noght be ;
So god me ayde, he fhal hir haue without lette
1 MS. " fayd."
AHE INVADING BOHEMIA.
73
After my brother, kyng of hy degre ; 1972 And lie fhal goueme noble Brehayne ; For non other hoir hath non my brother, But only hir ; ne may haue non other."
1976 "
hen Antony vnderftode thys nouell, Which was ful fayr and inly gracyous, To the kyng he faid hautayiily and wel, " Go hens, ye noble king vertuous, yonr hofte Affemble with peple plenteuous, 1980 Al your ful hofte vnto pat place bryng, "Within thys Auynfime ' be ye retornyng.
M1
I peple ye f hall finden al redy, Xoght ouer ferre, but ny by fhall ye ; 1984 Eaynold my brother to you fhal come truly, In propre perfone me ther fhal ye fee." The king hym thanked goodly As myght be, Fro thens departed he fid haftly tho, 1988 hys peple to Aiiemble faft gan to go.
A
Xd wlaii Affembled hys peple hade,
and, after Ilia brother's death, succeed as kins: of Brehayne ; as his brother had no heir hut this olio daughter.
[Fol. 42] Anthony bids the kiiifr fro and assemble his army, and return agaiu to Luxem- burg within a fortnight;
for there should Kayuold meet him. He himself also (Anthony) ■would appear there. The kins hastily departs,
and soon returns to Luxemburg
lhen lortli-"\v/t/i As lone As he goodly withaiihis
people. He next sends a messenger to Anthony
myght, To luxemborugh A retorn he made, 1992 And then to that place came hys peple raid ryght, A noble Baronage hauyng ther to fight ; Then he made to come A melfengere Fro king Aufoys to Anthony there ;
1996 TTThich ther cam tho in ful noble aray,
» » With A fhil vois faid to duke Anthony, " Sir, I pray your lord you falute thys day ; The king of Aufoy And hys company
to say thai he
Was all ready togo
to Brehayne, and
that his hosts
1 See note.
74
DUKE ANTHONY AND THE KING
were beneath the 2000 here comith to £0 to Brehayne haftly ;
town iu the fields. ° - J '
By-neth.es ar thai in the fayr medew, With ful noble company hym to few."
[Fol. 42 &.] Duke Anthony says he is wel- come; and tells Raynold that the king of Alsace is come, and he must lincl his army tmod lodging,
and make them take their ease. Raymond obeys, and all is well provided.
The kin}.' departs to Luxemburg to Bee the duke.
A great fl a I I -
made, the par ticulars of which 1 need not
rehearse.
Antiioin makes nil read] to go to the aid of the kin;: of Brehayne. The number of the two hosts was, in all, 30,(
2004
T
he duke hym fayd, "welcom fliall he be." Raynold forth he fend, mofte no lender byde.
Raynold cam Agayne, ther taried noght he ; ►Sir Anthony fayd, " brother, goth thys tyde ; Into thys faiie medew forth moft ye glyde, 2008 For ther is comyn king Aufoys roiall,
Makyng to loge hys peple gret And fmall,
ff
"is pauilon piche vnto Auantage;1 To that done was he iidy fage and wyiV. 2012 let tham take ther cafe after ther corage,
Then make the kyng come of hys hye emprife." hys connnaundement Raynol[d] gan Auife, And it was wel don to hertis plefance, 2016 The Aufoys loged wel with all circmnftance.
T
\\\q kinge departed and for2 thaim toke leue, Towardes luxemborough thys faid duk went, The town en t red in, ther founde, in breue, 2020 Gret feft thaim Among was to all entent ; After at horde fet conuenyent. Of ther diner and fayr leue here I fhal, For hit nedith noght As to rehers All,
2024
A ntlionv Anon made tho all redy, ■*--*- Such peple As were ther in that contre,
he hauyng ther A noble company As in aid the kyng tho of Brehaigne ; 2028 Nombred thay were thirty thoufande fro, Ther thes hoftes too full Aflembled were, And full grei honour to-^eders can here.
MS. " A uantngc." Fr. text, " dauawtaige."
fro"(?;
OF ALSACE SET OUT FOR BOHEMIA.
75
"YTOblc felowfhip ther A man f hold fe ; 2032 ■*-* As moche peple the duke As had the kyng.
"When that to-geders thay made affemble,
In euery parte the grounde fafte tremblyng.
But er that made fro thens departing, 2036 Thys fayr Criftian called Anthony,
Sayng, " you befeche, fouerayn lord hy,
[FoL 43.] Tin' duke had as man; men as the king. Ere the duke departs, the fair Christian calls him, and beseeches him
T
mat it myght you pleafe me do fucli honoure to wear the coat-
« ° * *- of-arms of
That ye the Amies wold foucliefafe to here i"™"»i"»-ff. «*
" no other blazon.
2040 Off lnxemhorugh ; noght put non home Other blafon, you befeche, to were." " My fair fwet lone," Anthony gaii Anfwere, "Accorde fhal I noght your wyll ther-vnto,
2044 But Another thyng for-fothe fhall I doo.
Anthony says he will not exactly do that, but proposes
r
"N whatfomeuer place, lo ! that we be, The fhild fhal I here of A lyon, Vpp< >n my armure, plenerly to fe ; 2048 That Armys wyl haue ; other wyl I non ; For that when I was born thys wordle on, A hurt of A lyon tho I gan to here, Vppon my Iawe ftrongly appering there,
always to bear on his shit'lil a lion, because that, when he was horn into the world, he had on his jaw a mark like that made by a lion's claw ;
2052 \\I here-of the peple Abaffhed was fore. " " Alio your plefire certes fhal I doo, And fultill your wyll days euer-more." She faid, "I you thanke full hertyly, lo !
2056 Fur yf the Afure be put Away fro, My hole Army- fhal ye bere furely, Both youre armys And thes fame only,
with this excep- tion, he will do her pleasure. She thanks him, and says that. excepting the azure, he can bear both his own anus ami hers,
2060
ay";
Inch hen Amies ryght full Auncion."
[Fol. 4.1 b]
*re, S2i
accordingly assorts them, and takes bis journey
And fo Afforted thaim ryght thys to gon. Of this fair lady toke he his leue there,
76
THE KING OF CRACOW S INVASION.
to Brehayne at full speed.
Bavaria is passed, and Almaigne ; and Brehayne is soon reached. I most nciw speak of the evil Paynims.
The kin? of Cracow was mighty and strong, and with his men made great war agaiust the Brehaignons.
One day the king of Brehayne,
whose name was Fedris, armed himself for a sally, and hade the gates he thrown open ;
fFol. 44.] hut the Saracens beat these free knights, over- n helming them with the number
of their men.
Then fro ther logis tliar1 dreffyd tlio Averc, 2064 ToAvarde Brehaigne went thai faft dreuyng ; Euery Afore other Avent fleing,
PAffyng fo Baueres And alfo Almayn, Suche progreffe forth made ouer the contre, 20 G 8 By huge Iournays, ualey and montayn,
Till thay Approched the land of Brehaigne. At thar owne defyre ther made thay entre, 'Now fhal I fay of paynymes the felons, 2072 Which werred dayly thys fayd Brehaignons.
nnhe king of Craquo2 mighty And ftrong Avas, J- Werryng ful higly the Brehaignons thoo, Withe hym Efclauons many had aplace, 2076 So as3 Ave haue founde in old fcripture, lo ! For of that lande was lorde and fyre alfo. To Brehaignons ful gret Averre he made, On A day he Avent, to fearmifh4 with thaim fad,
2080 k ffome Brehaigne Without hodelneffe.
-^*- There hym perceyued the king of Brehaigne, And ther thought difplay his baner expreffe, Fedris, which held that BeAvme And contre ;
2084 Armyng hym ryght fafte, taking his helme fre, When Av/t/i his armure coueryd he Avas, Ther the gates made opon5 And unhras ;
FRo toAvn iffued his peple And he ; Off nohle peple had he full many. And the Sarifins bete thes knightes fre, Many ther cafte done And moche peple fly, But fuch ftore AA'as of Efclauons only, 2092 That Ave can not put tham As in Avriting,
Off Avhom Brehaignons were ryght fore doubtyng.
i "thai" (?) 2 MS. "Traquo." * MS. "os."
* Sec Note. s Sie in MS.
THE KING OP BOHEMIA 18 SLAIN.
- i
E'
Ifclauons Brehaignons put fore Abake, And thani fore chafed A-non to the ende. 209G But of luxemborught the duke on gan take, He puttyng Away ther huge debate tende. Off Brehaignons kyng to fyght ' was bende, With the Sarifms faught he in eche fide, 2100 Which his peple had put Abake that tide.
These men drove hack the
Brehaignons, ami chased them into the town. But the duke of Luxemburg came up, while the king of Brehaigne
B
>ut the kyng was noght put Abake only, But he had ynow hys life to deffende, Here And there cafte doiv», fighting fid manly, 2104 On all for-fmete, Another to grounde wende, As A wyld boor deifendyd hyni at ende. Eyght As at bay ftode thys manly good knight, Full fore were thay hurte whom he Approcho myght.
was fighting for his life, like a wild hoar at hay, smiting and east- ing down his foes.
2108 7)ut with A fhotte off A launcegay tho
B
But by a javelin this noble knight
Inys noble knygnt2 lmetyn thorugh hys was smitten
t n through the body
body
Full felonefly And cruelly alfo, That to mortal deth fill down fodeidy, 2112 Fro body went the foide ful heuily ;
To our lord An by commaunded was f he, For A worthy maw certes was he.
and his soul was commended to God.
nnhere vp ros the cry, As feith the fcripture, 2116 -L The Brehaignons wo fore wepte for pite ;
Tho that myght, ther fled ; but farifins fure
Thay fued ny, attayning tho gan3 fle.
There fwerdes gan take, fafte Aboute gan fle, 2120 Ferfly on tham went whom bat myght attayn,
Full fafte caft thay dou??., And many ther llayn.
[Fol. 44 6] The Brehaignons went sore, and tied ; but the Saracens pursued, reaching soon the flying troop, and slaying them fiercely.
1 MS. " fvo-lit."
3 MS. " kynght."
MS.
THE SARACENS BURN THE DEAD KING.
The few who escaped came sparring to the town, and told the sad news; to the great grief of the slain king's fair daughter, Eglentine.
The people ran fast hack into the city for fear of the Saracens, when they saw their kiiii: dead. But the Saracens are overjoyed.;
W1
'herof Brehaignons braid and cried, And tlio which might ther be efcapiiu 2124 Vnto the town come fpored And hied, Declaring thes nouelles of the kyng ; Wherof At hert had that gret noyng The kynges doughter, named Eglentine, 2128 Whome All good beute gan fair enlumyne.
Ef
■ j eglentine, thys kinges doughter fre,
Off paynymes had gret fere And doubtance. The peple ran to town And Cite, 2132 The fariiins moche doubted put inftance,
When the kyng faw dede, whylom of pufance ; Wheroff the farifms had gret ioy tho, Criftyng1 ther were had be ended And doo.
and, making a great tire with bushes and wood, burnt the king's body before the gate. Those within cry and grind their teeth
2136 rpho A Ml gret fire thay tende made And hade, -L With bulfhes And wod makyng it full by, Ful ny to fie gate thys faid fire Jwt thai made, Byforne hys peple the kyng brend truly.
2140 Marred tlierof ben tho w/t/mi Fully,
Crying And glinting fore with ther teeth tho, But no remedy cowde thay fhap therto,
[Fol. 45.] But soon came Anthony, Ray- mild, and the king of Alsace towards Brehaigne, their basnets glittering like the bright sun.
The Brehaignons
had great Deed '<( succour, and were
T^Or non other wyfe ther myght it noght be. 2144 -L But tho cam Anthony And alfo Baynold,
Which to paynymes made fautes plente,
And of Aufoys the noble kyng hold.
To-Brehaigne-ward cam thes thre told, 2148 Titer bufhinentes fayr refplendiling,
As the bryghty2 fune light and fayr fhinyng.
A noble thyng was to behold and fe -^*- To-Brehaigne-ward forth fafte were paffyng 2152 Which gret nede had to focour and furete,
' Triftyng" (?)
2 Sic in MS.
l'KINVKSS I'.OI.I'.NTINK LAMENTS.
70
For gretly thai Avere tliaim ouerpreiling ; sore astonished,
ami defended The luvhaignons went out thaim Fafte truiling, themselves feebly.
Wheroff Brehaigne Avas Aftoned fore, 2156 And diffendyd thaim febly euermore.
0'
|ff thys Eglentyne had gret difcomforth, She had more leuer had mortalite. " Als ! dede is," faid, " my fader, my comfort ; 2100 Fader ne moder haue I noght, perde !
here bide And dwell moft, orpheline to fe. What now willt thou don, woful Eglentine 1 To gret heuyneffe off-fors mofte thou incline ;
Eglentine would rather have been dead. She
laments her father, and knows not what she, an orphan, will now do;
F
TTlor now I fe here the deftruccion
Off all my regyon And Rewme roial. Als ! caytif ! what f halt thou now don 1 In what nianer forme gouerne the now f hall 1 21G8 Thy contre fhalt fe put in exile all,
Diftroed, robbed, peled, and more wurfe, By ille farifms ; god gife thaim his curfe !
for now she sees the destruction of all her realm. The country would lie lobbed, pillaged, and worse, by evil Saracens.
Iwote nere wat to do, neither what to fay, Xe I may noght to it fhappe remedy ; Me mofte here-After our lord to renay, And in fariline lau beleue fully !" Thya complained Eglentine heuily ; 217G For fariiins ftrong Affeilede fafte certain
The cite And town, And ftrongly gan thaim payn
[Fol. 4.r> h.] She would have to deny our Lord, and believe in Saracen customs. Meanwhile they assailed the town furiously,
T«
\0 haue it, and take by afhiute that hour. Such trowed it to dreffe, which failled tho ; 2180 For in lytell whyle, thorugh goddys labour, Er that pay[ny]mes trowid it to do, A meffengere cam the Brehaignons vnto, Entred brehaigne Avithout tarying, 2184 Ful coyly And preualy within entring,
ami thought to take it. But soon came a messenger secretly into i he town uuto the Brehaignons,
80
THE PAYNIMS ARE IN TERROR.
ami bade them make another sally, and look out and see the king of Alsace approaching, with Anthony and Rayuold ;
and not to talk of death, for the Poitevins were at hand, so well nourished with meat and wine aa to astonish the Paynims.
[Fol. 46.] When the Barons
of Brehaigne heard this, they praise find. Every man takes
g 1 heart, and
the Saracens begin to quake,
wondering what news they had received. But Boon conies a messenger to them, saying. " Lords, leave off your skirmishing and retreat,
Then efcried he ryght full hautanly, " Now go ye forth, And well fhall it appere, Which that will diffend thys cite truly. 2188 Diffend you now well, fe your focour here,
Which comyng is you in ryght fwifte manere. Se ye noght her of Aufoys come the kyng, Anthony And Raynold with hyni doth hryng t
2192 "1/Toche ther cornyng is you vnto focour,
-L'J- Xe haue ye no worde deth vnto, fothleffe. For the nohle Duke Anthony of honour, And raynold hys hrother to this place thaim dreffe ;
2196 With thaim peyteuyns many hryng expreffe,
Which norif hed hen with good mete and wyne, Paynyms thay will make to-ftonifte incline.
The: Tr
Ihe kyng of Aufoys thaim haue in company, 2200 J- To focour And aid tho Af Brehaigne."
When the Barons it vnderftode truly,
Thay yildyng thankes to god in trenite.
Eche off tham diffended fcharply to fee, 2204: Ther euery man good hert g'an to take,
The farifms it faw, ffore gan to quake,
"jl/Tvfyng what nouelles or comfort thay hade.
^-'-■- When thai perceiued tham to contune fo, 2208 " Se," on faid, " A meffyngere comyng fad ; "
Whiche with full fhil vois cried right loude tho,
" your efcarmifh, lordes, lete paffe And goo.
Vn-to your loges make fair retrete Anon, 2212 Withdraw, remeue hens time is that Ave done.
for behold the Christians fast
approaching,
F
Or criftyn peple comyng faft many fe, To comforth tho within, famdele1 fered,
fumdele'" (?)
A MIGHTY BATTLE ENSUES.
81
Off Army peple Full many here bee, 2216 (The feldes ouerall, lo ! hen couered),
Which us cometh, by gret wreth ftered." Then thes paynymes wretbfully ther thens Whent, leuyng Anon ther ftourdy uiolens.
2220
Thens to ther logges went thay retornyng, And not-For-)>at made clariners vp-blow ; And ther batailles Anon ordaynyng. - Off that other part Anthony fo grow 222-1 Hys batail renged, comyng to be know ; When entreproched thys huge hoftes to, Sarifms ftrongly ther thaim doubted tho.
The criftin peple tho ran thaim vppon ; Perfed And brokyng f hildes were many ; Tho criftin went toward thaim enui[r]on, The farifms went tham to deffend withly ;l Ther A myghty ftour men fhold fee to eye. 2232 To off thaim hath ther caft don Eaynold, Meruelous ftrokes fmote he as man bold ;
by whom all the fields are covered over." The Paj aims there- upon refreat,
returning to their tents. Prepara- tions are made for liattle on both sides, and the Saracens are struck with terror.
[Fol. 40 b] Then were many shields pierced and broken ; there might he seen a mighty battle.
A
Nd ther Anthony hys foes cafte don, Anthony smite* a
Paynim, whom
All peple hym dead And fore hym gan neither helm nor
harness guarded doilte. from the blow;
for the sword clove his head to the teeth.
223G A paynym to fmyte went he forth Anon,
hym not warented harnes ne In-line Aboute ; For hys fwerd entred hys hed thorugli-oute, Which ther rent And cleffe d~n the theth2 vn-to,
2240 he gan fall to erth with gapyng throte tho.
T'
mo criftin manly gan do at that day, Euery forth went w/t/i ftrokes fmyting. Tho went lufignens ef crying allway, 2244 "lordys. Barons, Aforn here paffyng,
Vppon the paynymes be ye wel fighting ! "
Then went tho Lusignans, crj ing out, " Lords and barons, fight well!''
lightly" (?)
See 1. 2260. 6
2 Sic in MS.
82
THE SARACENS AUK ALL SLAIN,
The kin? of Cracow, in great wrath,
comes to the rescue, and smites down a Christian to the grass; then he cries aloud, " 0 ye Christians,
[Fol. 47] you shall all die!" But Raynold strained his brand of still fiercely, ami smote the kin? with such force 1 bat he rent his bead to the teeth.
Tod iath fell the kin?; ami the Saracens stayed no longer, hut turned their
i ■■ninl
and fled i
i .lit pur
!l the Saracens are cut to pieces like flesh cut upon t ii'
stalls.
The kyng of Craquo ' fill wrogth tho he was, When hys peple faw fuch hnrtes piirchas,
2248 fT\0 thaim focour hym efforced tho,
-L With gret ftrength And myght his fwerd
gan enhrace, hys fwerd ferf lily f hone, And by gret vertu, lo ! A criftin hath he cafte don vppon the grace,
2252 Al doth to ground laid thro wen in the place. After Craquo1 hily cried And grad, "0 ye criftin, your dethe now here had ;
2256
All fhall ye dye, efcape ye ne may, Fnrf,
Forfoth here by nie of-fors moft ye dy." hys langage greuyd moche Raynold that day, "With fpores fmote fafte his courfe[r] bigly, With hand ftrained hys brande of ftile ferfly, 2260 And wightly went to finite the kyng Craquo,1 By fuch fors And ftrenght bed rent teth vnto.
T)uftefly And rude the ftroke gan difcend,
-L' Eaynold cafte hyni don, to deth the king fall; 2264 Wherwith hys peple to dif comfort wend,
'No lenger fogerned farifms, gret ne fmall.
With ther courfers ther ways torned all ;
When tliay perceiued and faw ther kyng flayn, 2268 Thay thaim held tho All difcomiite plain.
A Pertly Anly Opeidy torned to flight, But peiteuins tho purfute after made, Vppon farifms fmote and bete don ryght, 2272 Tham all to-chapped And kerne in pecis fad, As men don the flefh vppon the ftal had. Anthony, the full noble fouerayn, Offpaynyms hath ryght manyon flain.
1 MS. " Traquo."
AND AFTERWARDS ENTIRELY BURNT.
83
227G mhc farilins thaim held for difcomfight ;
T
he rent And tare don all he gan attain. The kyng of Aufois, Alfo A good knight, He hym hare ful wel And nohilly certain. 2280 All the paynymes ther of tronth were llain ; When ther perceiued the king Aufois hold Tho kyng of Craquo ' ftanded and all cold,
And of pain.yin.es fo full gret fufion, Ther he comniaunded hys peple unto That unto on liepe put fhuld he echon. Ryght As he had fayd, fo ther was it do. The paynyms hepid ftrongly An hye tho, 2288 In euery part put to was the fire,
Ther paynymes were hruled and hrend entire.
Anthony rent and tare all he could attain to, ;ui<! at !a>i all the Pay- Dims were slain.
[Fol. 47 6.] The king of Alsace bids that all the dead bodies should be laid upon a heap, and burnt ; and thus was it done.
01
kff Sarfons2 A man f hold venge hym ryght fo, it was in revenge
for the way in
For of verray brought of Craquo1 the kynge winch the king of
Cracow had burnt
2292 like made hys brother to Afkis brend tho.
Anthony And Raynold ther were logging
In tentes reifed which thei were finding ;
The peiteuins ther logged in-ly well, 2296 And fariiins difloged eueridelle.
his brother's body. The Poitevins lodge well in the enemy's tents.
T
me kyng Aufois lefte3 thes holy mightes, Vnto the town went he ther forth A-non, With hym An hundred of noble knightis, 2300 Of moffce wurthieft being enuiron,
And mofte hightieft goodly of perfon, Ther fair Eglentine comyng hym Agayn, What-fo fhe gan do wel be-cam certayn ;
2304
TTVmbly And fwctly falute fhe the kyng,
For hir uncle was he naturally, The kyng gentilly hir ther enbrafing, After hyr gan kyffe ryght full curtoilly
1 MS. "Traquo." a MS. " Garfons." •"■ MS. 6*
lcfte !
Tli'1 king of Alsace ami 100 knights ride otf to the town. Eglentine comes to meet them,
and salutes her uncle. He assures
his niece that her father's death is well avenged;
8-1
THE KING OF BOHEMIA* ASHES
TFol. 48.] and that she should ii""' com- fort herself, since her enemies were fully repaid all their wages,
and had failed utterly in their design ; so that mi shame or reproach now attached to her.
She replies that her heart is sorrowful when she thinks upon her father's death. " Was not he my brother?" replies her uncle;
" we will perform the funeral i Ites ow, and pray for his soul." A thousand pounds nf wax "err made lor the
i" , ;, inn.
2308 "Fair nece," faid the kyng, " here I you affy That your fadir Detli auenged is "well ; Be ye noyht wroth, difpleafe you no dell.
"VTE haue fayn hys deth uenged with gret fors ; 2312 J- The king of Craquo1 for hym is ther ded ;
Off your fader ne haue rnynde ne remors,
Tliys faid king Craquo1 brende haue I in-ded.
Comfort your-felf, that is wit and womanhed ; 2316 iff Any demage don haue in contre,
Off ther wages thay truly payed be.
"VTO more after this nedith noght to doute ;
■*-* Thay trowed under fote put the contre, 2320 Now haue thai failled of ther art all-oute ;
And of f hame no-thyng certes haue not ye,
AVherfor reproche or repref f hold be.
I haue wonnen that nedith you thys houre, 2324 Acquired haue ye worfhip and honoure."
"TTA, fir," fhe faid, "good lord fouerain.
-LL My gentile uncle, and my ful fwet frend, "When I me bethenke on my fader flayn, 2328 A-non my hert w/t/an wepingly is tend."
" AVas not he my brother % " faid the kyng at end ; " hyt behouith us forow to lete paffe, Pray we god on hym haue mercy and grace.
2332 1 Tis funerall obfeque to-morn we do,
J--'- And for hys good foule to our lord pray we."
Eyght as he fayd, don was al thyng tho.
A thoufand pound of wax fourged and made fhe,
233G As for the morn to don the obfeque,
At fodayn warnyng had thay fuch huge light, Anthony Ami Raynolde both were ther ryght ;
1 MS. "Traquo."
A HK llO.VOUKABLY BURIED.
85
"Vnlv will1 was Jon that which fhokl he do. m f1'"1 4~ \ )
Y •> Then began the
2310 -L Moche the Brehaignons gan vnto behold Brehaignons to
o ° behold tbese two
The hahilite of thes compaynonns tho, ""''Ul-V brethren;
1 " and none were
Thes faid wurthy men, thes to brethren hold.2 ever weary of
" Looking at tilt-in.
That myght noght he wery, yonge ne olde, 2344 As thaim vnto fee fo fette verily,
Large, long, gret, ftrong, ftreight, wel thought truly.
T
{her Abaffhed And ffconde were many Off thys lyons hurt that thai gan behold, 2348 Setten in the fkin ftrangely, lo ! lid hy ( Ml' hir Anthony, hrother to Raynold ; For the hurt to thaim Appered ther unfold, Wherof euery man baifhed was famfayL 2352 ( Ml' gretneffe of it had thay gret meruail.
Euer to hym faw non like ne egall,' Then after faid tho of town And cite That raynold was habill man w/t//-all, 2356 As to difcomfite well fhappen was he
A re wine or3 empire of full large contre ; Saf hut that o eye had, thay gan complayn, Al other membres commanded thay certain.
L1
23G0 1 Enger nedith noght to declare ne tell his obfeque don without doubte Any, Worfhippfully And honorably weL Then the kyng gan hold A parlemenl truly,
23G4 Where had tho was A noble company,
"Withe full wurthy men As of Brehaigne, The king faing, "Barons, underftande me,
23G8
H
it you behouith rewarde and behold
Han; were astonished al the mark upon Anthony's fair. as it was very l>lain to the sight ami large.
They also thought Raynold was well-shaven for conquering king- doms, and com- mended liim for everything but. bis la<k ol one eye.
The king of
Iirehaigne being
honourable
bui ied, the king
of Usa< e bo ds a
council,
[FoL 40.] and advises them
ho fhall doo gouerne And rule this contre, tu rl « Qew
1 ?«well" (?) - " bold " (?) See note.
MS. " of." See note.
86
THE PRINCESS EGLENTINE
king. They reply that it is his business entirely,
And ho your king f hold be know now ye f hold, For pref entry iioav with-out king ye he." Ther hym Anfwering, "good ryght is to fe, 2372 But the werke therof fully doth partain And all the labour in you hole and plain.
as he is the next heir, if Eglentine should die. It is therefore for him
to choose whom she shall marry.
The king inquires whom they wish her to marry. They reply that they leave it entirely to him.
He replies that in that case they shall have for a lord one who is a worthy and famous knight.
f:
Or gif Eglentyne were ended And gon, on to enherite f hold fall the contre ; 2376 The purueaunce therof lith you uppon,
Auaunce you now, for hys loue in trinite, So that thys contre well purueyed he Off on, chofen by you, that Eglentyne 2380 May1 marie and gouerne us and our line."
The kyng Anfwered, "to my parte you fay, To whom behouith my nece to mary 1 Or for whom2 wold ye? you befech All-way, 2384 That ye me fay your Auife fully."
" Sir, at your deuife," the Barons faid furely, " Ryght As ye will, fo certes will we doo ; No knight will refceiue but at your pleilre, lo !
2388 A 1 the werke therof we put you uppon."
■£*- " Then in goddis name, fires, lete me do " — (This Anfwered thys noble kyng Anon) — " On fhal ye haue gentile And curtois to,
2392 A man of goodneffe and of honour alfo,
Whom ye f hall refceiue As unto your lorde, Is hardy wurthi knight, good of recorde ;
[Fol. 49 6.] He reminds them that two brothers, both noble kings knights?), and
2396
"VTOn other I will certes to you take.
-^ Then to brothers haue, noble kynges to,
And An bye Duke," to thaim thys the kyng
fpake, " In your grette nede you aid hath alfo ;
i MS. "Many."
• MS. " whon."
IS MARRIED TO RAYNOLD.
87
To thys place comyn ferre contrees fro ; 2400 Delruerd hath your noble Cite
Fro the paynimes And all your contre."
one of them a duke, have saved their city.
R
Aynold called forth by the kyna; Anon, He therefore calls
J ... Eaynold, and tells
Sayng, " vnto you will I couenaunt hold. him he will per-
. form the promise
2404 The kyng with uois hye1 faid, hurd manypn, he made him,
that lie would
" Come forth here ! Appere ! come forth, Kay- make him a king.
nold ! Approche As come nerre, fwete frend, As man
hold.2 here-beforn I haue you he promyiing 2408 That of this contre make you Avoid A kyng.
Y
will not you lye, hut to it confent, BKJ5£ and
Tor A king ne fhold lye3 ne he gabbyng ; ;lU t,,c kingdom-
My nece Eglentine to wife f hal ye hent 2412 With all rewme And that to it longing.
Will ye hir now take, the land diffending 1
Off hyr And hyrs you lorde fhall I make,
And all longith hir ye As for to take."
2416 TXTTien fir Anthony All thys vnderftode, * ' he taried noght to Anfwere redy,
he tartly thankyng thys noble king good
That fair Eglentine Kaynolde fhold mary. 2420 " Off your fre kyndeneffe And curtefy
The contre fhall diffende, ruling well the lande ;
For werre4 he can well, knightly is off hand."
When thes Barons thys Anfwere had fong, To our lorde thankes yeldyng full hyly, And to onre lady in thai- hertes ftrong,
Sir Anthony thanks the king heartily, and promises that Raynold shall defend the conn try well.
[Fol. ;o.] The barons praise
Our Lord and Our Lady when they
1 MS. " hyr." Fr. text, "en hault." • " bold " (?)
3 MS. " by." Fr. text, " mentir."
4 Or " werie ; " but " wcrre" is right.
88
THE MARRIAGE-FEAST.
perceive how strong and large a man Raynold is.
Raynold and Eglentine, being finely arrayed, are married; and the marriage-feast lasted 16 days.
Never were fairer presents given than were then given by Eglentine. There were 1000 men there from the country, besides the "towuish" people.
Raynold gained great honour in the tournaments,
and is greeted willi loud acclaim mi all sides.
[Vol 60 b.] Duke Anthony take i hi- leave.
Ther thay perceueel hyin ftrong, large, And hy ; The lande to gouerne thought wold pefibilly. 2428 Thys kyng ordayned his nece Eglentine
All that pertain f hold A queue of ray fine.
And Raynold like-wife put hym in Aray1 As pertained to hinges hye corage. 2432 The rnariage don And finifhed that day Beforne the fyght of all the Baronage ; Thys feft ther roiall fourged by tho fage ; Hit days fiftene endured largely, 2436 Full noble gyftes ther geuen frely.
"VTEuer was yeuen more fairer thinges, -^ ' Robes, courfers, iew[e]lles forth prefent. Alfo ther had thes honorous hinges 2440 Iouftes, tornementes full excellent
In prefence of ladies courtois And gent. Prefently ther had A thoufand of contre, "Without tho townifhe peple, vnto fe.
F
That of Brehaignons lord was tho prefent • Ther faing al with O wis'2 pat hour, " Lif, lif oure noble hinge reuerent ! 2448 For A man hym know vnto All entent !
And blill'ed be he hym A-place gan bring ! " At feftene dais end ceffed the fefting.
PEpole toke ther leue homeward to repaire, The ladies And dainycelles All, Off whom there was had manyon And fayre. The 1 )uke Anthony hys leue toke in hall, I n-1 (i way hym fette at that enteruall,
1 In the margin, Rnyiiold tnarr[ies] Eglcntyne, § ys Jcynge of brjh[ainej.
2 " with O vois " (?) MS. " with .0. wis."
raynold's successes. 89
2456 Towarde luxembrough he and hys mayne, and returns home
to Luxemburg.
"Which were fidl noble And "entile to fee.
A
nd in Brehaigne gan to byde And dwell Raynoid acquires
great honour as
-bayiiold the hye kyng, whome gan to kingofBre-
, haigne, ami car-
honome ries on a great
2460 All the wide contre courtoifly And well And by hys nobleffe be fuch gouernoure, Eche man his dedes preifed hugely that houre. In Frife made gret werre Eainold er he refte
2464 At ortholegne off the grett conquefte.
■war in Friesland,
B
I hys ftrength Denmarke gan he to acquere ; and also conquers
J ° ° x ' Denmark. We
In his tynie regned As man pnfantly ; leave Mm now,
ami return to
Full goodly leuid hys lif here entire ; Duke Anthony.
2468 And As that man non here more wurthy Was not A-thys-iide the roniayns truly. As off hym here no more declare att All, Off the Duke Anthony talke & fpeke me f hall ;
nthony the Duke, And off Aufoys the kyng, Anthony and the
king of Alsace
2472 A nthony A- Whid
rhicll Were COUrtois, gentile, COnnyng, And arrive at Luxem- burg, where
fa^e. they part, : and
the king of Alsace
Fro Brehaigne tho enfemble comyng, returns home.
After at luxemborugh toke ther hoftage. 2476 Ther on fro other parted of viage,
At luxemborugh king Aufois not Avoid fogoum, Al ftreight in-to hys contre gan retourn.1
an A
nthony with hys wife gan ynto remayn, , JF"1 ■'•' -1 .
J " ° " ' Anthony remains
2480 ■£*- For litill while had thai maried be. awhile withhis
wife, whom he
Ful moche hir louing with perfecte hert plain, loved liraltil.v- In wil and dede hir loued hertly he, As anv man eowde A4his-fi.de the fe.
Here follows the catchword—" Anthonv wttA hys wyffe."
90
BERTRAM IS MADE KING OF ALSACE.
They had two children, one named Bertran,
and the other Lochier; who freed the passes of Ardennes (?), built Givet {'!), and made the bridge of Me- zieres over the Meuse.
Anthony conquers the Earl of Fri- burg, and passes through Austria, where he con- qu .ts many a region.
2484 hys wyfe by lrym had to cheldren perfight,1
On named Bertran, which was A good knight ;2
Bertran, An- thony's eldest son, marries the king
(if Alsace's daugh- ter, and am ceeds to his kingdom.
[FoL 51 ft.]
Tim- lie and his brother put
T
Ihe yonger had to name lochier the gud ; he delyuerd ftraytes all and gyed 2488 As of dardane, which plente had wood, Many A good knight3 ther fortefied ; ywon all-ther-firft ther lie edified ; Vppon meufe the noble brigge made 2492 Off meifiere, after A-conquefte had
MAny other places by hug proweffe ; Of al gret nobleffe thys faid man tho was. Anthony wered with ftrong befineire 2496 The Erie of Faborugh,4 conqueft gate by gras ; Pafl'yng Aritrige,5 many richefle made purchas, And all put in-to hys fubiecc/on, Conqueryng ther uiany A regyon.
2500 4 fter, Bertran the eldefte fon becam,
-£-*- Within litell whyile, fid gret And ryglit
manly ; To wyfe toke the doughter of Aufoys kyng of
fame ; A full good knight was, gentile And wurthy, 2504 Entrepreignant, coragious, and hardy,6
And more often-tymes then I can you fay ; kyng of Aufoys was after the kynges day ;
Hys7 doughter maried, As beforn gan tell, Which lady tho was of all the contre. Bertran ther regned and gouerned welle.
1 MS. "prcfight."
2 In the margin f elder Bertran, Anton[g] sons, § if younger lochy\er\.
3 " brought " (?) * "Friborugh" (?) 5 " Autrige " (?)
6 In the margin, Bertran kynge of Aufoys. 7 MS. "Ilhys."
GEOFFREY HEARS OF THE GIANT GUEDON.
91
Thes brethren to reened As men foe, underfoot ail that
° troubled and an
That by ftrenght & my<dit put vnder fote in fe ""y''1 them. We
J ° JO i shall speak of
2512 All tho which thaini made trouhle or noyfance. them no more. Off thaim will I refte me here this inftance.
T<
10 Melufme fhall I retorn Again, And my mater ayen taken fhall bee, 25 1G how that Baymound hyni gouerned certain. Ther full excellently regned lie, In places fele, in many A contre, By ftrenght of fwerd conquered of corage ; 2520 For hys nobleffe All Barons gan do hym homage.
We return to Melnsine. Ray- mond reigned excellently, and all did him homage.
G Affray with grette toth hecam man full grette, Geoffrey with the great tooth he- Byght myghty, ftrong, fers, whight, & full came a full great
man ; and cou-
pufaumt ;
In werring A ftrong werriour ryght fet ; l 2-") 2 i Dayly his vertu preuyngly gan haunt.
For he conquered Guedon the huge Geaunt, And by knightly ftrenght hym ther difcomtight, Which Geaunt wafted the contre don ryght,
quered and dis- comfited the giant Guedon,
2528 TTVery man ftrongly gan hym to redoute,
E
for fear of whom all men were
To Rochel toke fauegarde, for all hym drad : taking refuge in
° ' J Rochelle. When
In- paceyfed2 the contre thorugh-oute, As well in meddes As at endvs had.
2532 "When Geffray underftod thes nouelles fprad, And j)"t hym called with gret toth tho, He fwere hys oth Again hym wold he go ;
Geoffrey heard of this, he swore he
would go against him
And in hert thought well hym to difcomfight, To the fwete plefire of kyng of glory Which ycuith all tho that wyll victory ryght His fader Baymounde full wo and fory, For the Geant he doubted heuily,
[Fol. 52.] and discomfit Imu. lint his father Raymond was woful and sony. and in fear for Geoffrey's safety.
1 «fet"(?)
2 Or, "patcyfed."
92
FROMONT ASKS IDS FATHER
2540 For that he was fo horrible grete ;
Off Geffray in mynde ful huge doubte he get.
Geittfrey anna, and departs with nine others. I shall return now to Melusine, who had yet two more sous.
one called Fro- mont. the other Thierry. Fromont was a great clerk, and loved re- ligion, so that he wished to become, a in" nk
in the abbe; of Maillezais; and tberefore ran to his iii her, and besought him to consent to his wearing the monk's habit.
GEffray with gret toth Armed hym full prefte, hym-felfenn the tenth went to that parte, 2544 Paffyng forth hys way w/t/iout any ryfte. l
Here fhal I hym leue, no more now faid be ; Eetorn Againe fhall to Melufiue fre, The fwet, the courtois, the benigne alfo, 2548 Which, after thys bare wurthy children to,
Ryght As we find A litterall feripture, On called Fromont, Another Tierry. For-foth fromont was A good creature, 25.32 An huge gret clerk e ful of clergy,
The Abbey of malers louyd feruently ; Callyng to god, louyng relygyon, So that to hym cam of deuocion
2556 TN the faid abbey A monke hym yilding. -L Fro thens departed without refting plain, Vnto hys fader fafte he cam rennyng, A-non hyrn ther made thys requefte certane,
25G0 Be-fought the uefture of Malers myght attain, On monke habite A monke hym to make. WhenEaymound hurd thys, wo was for hir2 fake ;
[Fol.62 6.] Raymond marvels great Ij , and liids him regard Anthony and his other brethren,
Who are all noble knights.
2564
TE merueled gretly, to fromont3 faing, J- J- " Fair fone, how is thys 1 A ! good lord hy !
Wil ye A monke be nedis be-comyng ? Eeward and behold your brother Anthony, And all your bretherin being full knightly, 2568 Which ben fo noble knightes to fe !
Ynto be A monke certes may noght be ;
Sic j for "lcl'tc."
«hia"(?)
MS. " formont."
IP HE MAY TURX MONK.
93
S(
K) god bo pleafed, monke fhall ye noght be. Another ordre to you yiff I fhall, 2572 A knyght will you mak of full hye degre As your brethren ben named ryght roiall." Fromont Anfwered to hys fader all That he neuer wold be in ordre of knight, 2576 Neither amies here, but ferue god to ryght,
" T)raynS t° our l°rde, vnto hys by empire,
-L For you, my moder, and my bretberin all ; Vnto be A mo[n]ke I you here require, 2580 No-thing fo moche coueyte ne defire fhall As in maillers Abbay be perpetual. That place or cite haue I noght in hate, For ther wold I ufe all my lifes fate.
2584- T)Efech you and pray, caufe me not it refufe ; ■*-' Cherefull fader nryne, in you al the hold." Eaymounde law wele herd was it excufe, To Melufme fent A meffinger bold
2588 "Which As for that tyme the befte gan unfolde j Then the meffynger gan declare and tel All that Eaymounde had told hir eueridell,
Ilr out-lit not to wish for the order of monkhood, but of knighthood. But Fromont says he would never take on himself this order.
and covets no- thing so much as to remain in the abbey for ever, and spend all his life there.
Raymond sees it is hard to refuse, and therefore sends a message about it to Melusiue,
E
"Ou Fromont A monke of maillers wold be. 2592 ;*-*- Haftily Eaymound fent, for ioy of it bad
non, To ende that for Fromont ordayn fhold fhe, If pleafed wold be, A crowne his hed uppon, And \>at clauftrall monke he fhold be made on 2596 In faire maillers, that miniftre roiall,
That lorde for to ferue which is eternall."
[Fol. 63.]
to the end that she should make Fromont a claua- tral monk in the royal abbey of Maiilezaia
T
Ihe fair Melufme Anfwerde hym tho ; " Off my part ye go, vnto my lord fay, 2600 At hys plefaunce all ther-of will I doo,
Me fubmitte vnto hys ordinaunce all-way ;
Melusine sends back an answer that she always
94
RAYMOND WOULD DISSUADE FROMONT,
8ul>mits to her lord's command, and will obey gladly.
The messenger, arriving next morning, finds Raymond ready dressed, and de- livers Melusine's message.
Raymond tells Fromont that Melusine has left the whole matter at his own dis- posal, and he will therefore permit him
[Fol. 63 6.] either to go to the abbey of Maille- zais, or to " Merk " minster, or to "Brough- dieu ; "
or, that if he wished to be a canon, he should be canon, of Poitiers and also of Tours in Touraine, and of Saint Martin's,
At hys plefire be I will, noglit fay nay ; For whatfomeuer pleaiith liys hynes, 2604 hit liketh me wel, hou-fo he it dreffe."
Thens tlie meffinger retorned anon, Ko lenger fogorne in that place ne wold ; Fro thens retornyng vnto Eaymonde gun, 2008 A- morn him found Al redy rayd to behold ; Al hir anfwere the meffinger hyni told. Ful gret ioy of hert in hym gan funnount, Anon Raymounde called after Fromotud.
2612 1 TE faide to Fromont, " thi fader vnderftande ; J-J- Sir, for the haue fent thy good moder vnto, Iff it pleafed hir For to be know, and Where hir will were monke f hold be, or no.
2616 "Where-of the charge lefte to me hath, lo ! WYt/i the cure and charge enfeffed hath me. "Wherfor, Fromont, behold And fee ye,
2620
Tff nedis ye will take thys faid habite -*- In mailers Abbay your liffes fpace ;
Or other miniftre to your appetite, As in Merkminiftre, which is A faire place ; Or iff ye will at Brough-d^eu by grace ; 2624 In that ye deiire A monke for to be, ye may full well in on of thes thre.
TlOrfoth if ye will be A Chanon,
J- Of peiters a Chanon certes f hal ye be ;
2628 Enherite ye fhall As moche As thre Anon; Toures in tourayn, pofcede it fhal ye, Sein^MVfartins 'with the Grauut efglife in fe ; All fhall be don ryght At my deuyfe,
2632 And therof do make dedes in beft wife,
1 MS. " Scin"-."
1U;T IS UNSIVCKSSKI'I..
95
A1
ami of Chartres also. Or he
nd of our lady of Chartres alfo. yif ye wyll of trouth fro parys noglit fcape, Hf'S^*** Be noglit Abaffhed in it for to goo, 2636 AVith the Pope will be quented for A Iape, That nothyng fhal be which me fhall efcape. After A Biff hupriche if it luft to crane, Anot[h]er Eillhupriche Als fhal ye haue,
i pi
Afterwards he should have a bishopric, or, if he liked, two,
2640
BE it pareys, Eewuais, or Aras." Fr<
romont faid, "fhal I be A Chan on? Nay, nay, but A nionke, by our lordes gras, Off Maillers it is myn entencion. 2644 Other will I noglit off wordly good non Xeuer at no day, while lif may endure, For that place haue I cholin to me fure."
2648
Thys Fromont outring hys Fader vnto,
Then off goddis part," to hym faid Ray- mounde, " Sin it plefith you, it fhal bene ryght foo. And loke that For us your prayers in founte." Fromont Anon Anfwered that ftounde, 2652 "yff it pleafe our lord, my power do fhall." longer parlernent of it nedith noght at all,
T1
Ihe habite he toke, clothed opinly, The monkes ther fhewid great gentilneffe ; 2656 With huge nobley clothed was to ey
For hys fader loue, Eaymounde fothleffe ; And for Meluilne his moders nobleffe. All ther hole couent gret ioy made ther ryght, 2660 And him chered in befte wife thei myght.
T)y proceffe therof ful ill affter came. ■*-* Ther-for wer thei all after difherite By G affray with gret toth ; After had grame,
whether of Paris, Beauvais, or Arras. But Fromont chooses to be simply a monk of Maille- zais, and nothing else.
[Fol. 54.] Raymond at last accedes, and Fromont promises to pray for him.
lie therefore takes the habit, and is richly clothed, and gladly welcomed by the whole convent.
This was the source of all the evils that after- wards befell the OTet family ,
96
GEOFFREY BURNS DOWN THE ABBEY.
ForGeoffrey.inhis 2664 Which in hert was in full dolorous plite :
wrath, set the
abbey on fire. For therof he had A full gret difpite,
Without tarying to Mailers cam he, hit brende and fett Afire by his cruelte
and burnt there 100 monks on a certain Tuesday, the day of Mara
the god of battle.
2668 T)Oth in the monkes, Abbot, and Abbay ;
[Fol . SI 6.] Meanwhile Melusine was at Vouvent city, whither Ray- mond came to Visit her.
They see two messengers come, who bring letters from Anthony and Raynold. Raymond reads them,
B'
A hundred monkes Wit/dn brende he tho. Thys mifchefe ther had in A tewifday, For Mars was the god longing batadl to, 2672 Vail that vail might, the monkys brend fo.
That don, no lenger ther wold noght fogourn, Pro thens he comyng, fafte gan to retorn.
0ff
2676 V/ j
this here f hall leue, fpeking of meluiine. At vavuant cite redily f he was, To fonne And winde puttyng hir robys fine, Which newly were come by fortunat cas, Neuer Aforn bonde to fuch feruice has. 2680 Bi that Rayniounde was comyn to J?e porte, And full gladly fette ther to take difporte,
Ther thay faw come forth meflingers to, Which fele letters brought with breffes many 2684 Of Anthony hys part, A pufant man tho, And of Baynold the fuffifant kyng hy. To Rayniounde thai tuke thes letters haftily, he thaim refceiued And the wax gan breke, 2688 The letters gan rede As humble man and rneke.
and laughs for joy, and calls Melusine, who thanks him, and rejoices with him.
With a feruent ioy hys hert gan laugh tho, Meluiine Anon forth-w/t/i gan to call. She hid hir right noght, Anon cam hym to, 2692 " Thys letters behald," faid he ouerall.
"Raymound, I you thank e, my lord principally * Then vnto Raymound fair Melufine faid, " Certes, this goth well at thys houred braid.
RAYMOND AND MELUSINE REJOICE.
97
269G T thorughly know all thes nouell tidinges ■*- Full good and fair "ben vnto vs this hour, Wherof thanke our lord the king of kinges, Which oure fones han put to fuch honour.
2700 Thre ' of thani hen thorugh knightly laboure Kynges full myghty, And on A duke ful by ; yut god he thanked, haue we here full ny
and praises the King of kings,
who had raised her sons to so high honour.
On oft AVI
off our fones monke in An Ahhay, 2704 ^7 Which daily for vs befeehith god an by ; At mailers bath hys byding thys day, Wher god he praith to focour vs truly, And that fo niyght pray to hys plefanee dayly, 2708 That neuer vs haue in obliuion ;
For affigned hath -will our fones echon.
[Fol. 550 She rejoices also to think that one of her sons is in an abbey, and prays God daily to he mindful of them.
T
God and our Lady Mary aid them.
hay bene well taught, inly wife and fage : Four of her sons
o o ; j o > are yet at home:
Foure of tham yut ben witTi vs bore bydyng, but they will
j j j oj want nothing, if
2712 Which in thys houfe ben mery in corage.
Oure lord of hys grace fo thaini he theching,
That liyly thai may in tyme be regning,
To that f hall thay noght faut no-thyng truly,
271 G So god thaim aide and our lady mary !"
The nouell ffcreight Aboute enuironee The glad news
soon spread And knowen ouerall in ecbe place and cite; throughout every
city and a fifteen-
Whereof reioyed euery man to fe, 2720 Fiftene dais were ny in fnche delite,
Making ryght gret ioy, hiding the fame plite, Where-for ther frendes fefte wold merily ; In continuaunce thought do it hertly.
272f CJO it cam and fill in a fcaturday,
days' feast is held in celebration of it.
s
It befell on the Saturday, that
That Eaymounde lofte the fair melufine, |lo .J Eaymond lost
Melusine, as he
As at other days don had alway, had often done
before on that
But noght enipicred hou the dede gan goo ; day of the week.
1 M.S. "There."
98
THE EARL OP FOREST TEMPTS RAYMOND TO FIXD OUT
[Fol. 55 6.] But that day. hia brother, the Earl of Forest, arrived at Vouvant, tin- day being without wind and clear.
Raymond received him brotherly; and many barons and ladies came to the i . i which was then being held.
'I hen aid the Karl to Raymond, "Bid your wife ai pear." But Raymond ■ hi shall ap- icxt day.
After the feaal is
over for tl il day,
the Karl draws Raymond aside,
2728 To what place flie went, or qwhat fhe wolde do. yn abfence but good neuer fhe ne thought, But all that to hys plefaunce myght be wrought.
mo it cam and fill As in that mornyng, That hys brother, which tho Erie of forefte was, For ther Fader dede long biforn being, At vavuent that day riuage gan purehas. The thyme fair, without wynde hye or has, 2736 The morni[w]g ryght fair fhuwyng, inly clere, Raymounde his brother faw com drawing nere ;
TTE him refceiued uerray brotherly ;
II
But after it cam to gret mifchef prefte. '
2740 A'nto this fefte cam Barons full many,
Which notable were And ryght ful honefte, Ther welcomyng the Erie of forefte, Als of lades cam grett fufion,
2744 Whos comyng was the feftes enchefon.
hen hym faid the Erie of the wild forefte, " Raymounde, fair brother, now me here t'li tend, lete your wife appere here at thys faid fefte." 2748 Raymounde Anfwerd, As not wold condiffend, "To-morne fball bir fe, chere brother And
frend;" Anon conueid to fitte alt the table, Thys feft pleneT And ryght delectable.
2752 A fter Anon As thai dined hade,
-*- *- And fro the table rerfed up tho were, The Erie of forefte Raymound by hand lad, A lilill drawing fro other apart there,
275G Thys gan he to fay ther in Has manere : —
1 MS. "prifte."
WHERE MELUSINE G0E3 ON A SATURDAY.
99
"Ravmounde. fair brother, faid is w good feith ; and tells him that
the people
ye be enchauwted, As the peple feith. u bewitched,
I can noght fay how ye may bere the fliame. Men fayn ouerall, brother, I you fay, ye not fo hardy (in wreth ne in game) Of your wif enquere, certes, at no day, (Which vnto you is gret diffame Alway), 27G4 To what place fhe torn ne hoder wyll go, Or in what manere hir gouerneth, lo !
[Fol ■'■; I anil that he is never bo hardy as to ask his wife uih* re sht on the Saturday ;
A
nd what knowen ye what fhe doth bat day? also that it is said
she is unfaithful to him <m that
Men fun ouerall, fo god my foule faue, 27G8 That all difording is fhe All-way ;
That day hir body Anothir man fhall haue, To you traytereffe, other fo to craue ; And fom other fayn fhe is off the fayry. 2772 Ho thys day, brother, And know it veryly ;'
day. lie there- lore advises him to know tl.e truth,
P
>utteth payn to haue off it knowleching ; To go And enquere good is ye do fo ; For hide fhold noght the As fro you no-thing 277G 1 fay it vow now As my brother vnto, }\'n\v do As ye feme befte vnto be do; I beleue fhe doth you fhame And outrage." Raymound bluffhed, changing his corage,
because she Ought to hide nothing from him. Ray- mond blashe roi
anger.
2780
s
0 malice And wroght, wifte noght what to and sweats for
Borrow, Be i
fay ;
For wo And heuineffe full faftc f watte lie. Anon went thens, hys fwerd let \><d day ; Full well he knew where his wife made entre ; 278 [ There he fafte knakked where he had noght be ; There A dore tho perceiued he certain Off yre Aforn hym with hys eyes twain. 7 *
zes Ids sword, and limii. - on tin he ' sees before hint a door of iron.
100
RAYMOND SEES MELUSIXE WITH A SERPENT'S TAIL.
[Fol. 56 6.] Drawing his sword from the scabbard, lie drove the point against the iron door till he at last pierced it.
r
Looking through the hole thus made, he per- ceived Melusine bathing,
her upper part white as snow, and her fashion niusl fair, but beneath she had a serpent's tail!
It was great and horrible, barred w ith blue and silver. Raymond, perceii tag tins, cried t'> God,
[Fol. 57.] though he could scarcely utter a word. In order
to stop the hole, he cut a little piece of cloth, and
A1
"N moche thyng thought, And after thought Anon,
2788 That hys wife had do fom mifdede tho, And towardes hym fom wrong or trefon. Then drawing his fwerd the ' fcaberge fro, The poynt gayn the dore put he ther-vnto, 2792 So he fhiffce And fmote here And tlier fo fafte, That the yren dore perfed at the lafte.
lafe ! full ill labored was that day ! At the perced hole in beheld with eye 2796 To know what ther was befied fafte ay ; Certes ouerfone know it fhal furely, And then in hert gret dole f hall haue truely ! At the hole beheld, perceyuing full welle 2800 Melufine, hou fhe bathed euerydell,
"ISTto hir nauell f heAving ther full white, like As is the fnow A fa ire branche vppon, The body welle made, frike in ioly plite, 2804 The vifage pure, frefh, clenly hir perfon, To properly fpeke off hir facc/on, Neuer non fairer ne more reuerent ; But A taill had beneth of ferpent !
2808 /~^ ret And orrible was it verily ;
^ With fduer And Afure the tail burlid was, Strongly the water ther bete, it flaffhed by. When that I'aymound perceiued this cas,
2*12 Which neuer beforn to light gan purchas
In fucli A ffcate to bath, ther hym bliffed fafte, Gretly doubted, cried to god in hafte,
it
281 G
But noght-for-that fo moche of drede had, That vnnethes myght out re wurde ne fay. But to Ende the hole were ftopped & fafte made, A liteU cloute cute he with-out delay.
1 MS. "ther;" Fr. text, l5 dufourrel."
RAYMONDS RAGE AGAINST Ills BKOT1IKII.
101
With wax melled, ftopped the hole Alway, 2820 That by it myght noght man perceiue no-thyng. Fro thens departed he tho, fafte going.
fastened it in with wax.
T
discovered, and
where he had found her.
owarde hys brother thought he to repaire, He returns to his
-r\i pi p ii > brother, who, see-
lJolorous of hert, full of wrath that itoundc. tog him sad. asks 2824 Hys brother the erle knew at hys retrair
That he better wo in hertte had profounde, Trowing uerily that his wif had found, "your wife, had fhe don gain you As men laid, 2828 In fom diflionefte place where he1 fhold no braid?"
T
hen Raymounde gan fpeke with vois full Raymond teiis
\ him he lies in his
hautaiu,
And hym faid, "therof ye lye vntrewly, By your fals throte And youre teeth plain ! 2832 In An ill houre here ye entred in furely ; Fro my hous ye goo with [y]our felony ; Off my lady no more2 fpeke ye for fhame, Sche is pure And clene Als without diffame.
throat and in his teeth, and hids him depart ; for that his lady is pure.
2836
A
more wurthier woman is ther non,
lie tells him that,
ye haue made me do fuch A manere thyng he win slay him:'
_, _ ... , p and that he ad-
Torn contrary wdl Again my perfon. viscs him to g0 Bt
once.
A-non part here ; hens, foule rebaudc being. 2810 For, by my feith, full litill is failling That presently here that I you not fie ; Forth depart you hens, by concell of me.
Curfed be 1 And tha
the hour that euer heder came, [ ^ And that tho wurdes faide were Any wife ! Xeuer toward me retorn noght for fhame ! " IJavmoundc femede all witlefe to deuife, All merueled that gan it aduertife,3
[Fol. 57 b.] He curses the hour in which his brother came, and seems all witless. The Earl, sore amazed,
1 "fhe" (?) 2 MS. "nomorc."
3 MS. "aduerfite," a curious inversion.
102
Raymond's excessive self-reproach.
2848 That to his brother fo fpake and faide. The Erie, Abaffhed And foule difaiaide,
departs home, cursing the hour in which he thus spoke out. He laments bitterly that he has made Raymond so wroth.
Afterwards Geoffrey came, and slew the Earl, and gave away the country he thus gained to one of his brothers.
But to return to Raymond. He wept and wailed, and waxed pale,
having no end of his grief.
here thens retournyng in-to his contre, Full often cruffing1 the hour and the day 2852 That thes wordes fcapid or mouthed he.
hys brother perceued he haue fhold ne may ISTeuer pees ne lufe for this gret affray ; More neuer ne2 was woer at no ftounde 2856 Then off that he hade wrethed fo Eaymounde.
"E ftroied And made exile the contre : For when Gaffray with gret toth it knew, Eyght deliueiiy ther Ariued he, 28G0 Sette it Afire, the Erie gan lie ther trew Full vilouily with huge f hame to vew ; After the contre yaffe of the Forefte To on hys brother, fo gete by conquefle ;
28G4 Aff the forefte Erie made hym entirely.
V-J Off Gaffray with gret toth leue f hall now
prefent, And retorn I f hail to Eaymounde fully, Which with heuineffe fore hym doth torment.
2868 He wepte, he wailed, wofully lament ;
Wonder pale he waxe, wanting his colour, For ende hade he none of this grett dolour?.
[Fol.68 ] " Alas ! " he cried, " there is no poorer man on earth than I am ! : lusine .' I have lost you !
2872
" A las ! alas ! " thys ther faide Eaymounde, -^*- A more purer man in the wordle ne is Off verray trought then I Am this ftounde ! Alas ! Melufine ! this day haue don Amys, That by my diffaute you haue I lofte this !" 2876 (For forow therof fo quaked and fwat), "Alas ! I'll all I you leue, loue delicat,
1 Sie in M S.
* »he"(?)
BE BEWAILS His CURIOSITY BITTERLY.
103
M
1 fwel hert, my good', my lone, And my life? Now shall I lose
•J my joyous
By the full dolorous fortune
2880 Now fhall I lefe my ioyous thoughtes penfifj Which me haft made fuch As I contune.
I fhal, lo ! cafte me in fom pitty liume. What fhal I now doo, lord god glorius ?
2881 Xeuer fhal I lagh,1 neither he ioyous
rith that fwete lady whom I loued fo. She was my folas, my ioy in ech ftede, My plefaunce, my comfort, my delite to !" 2888 Ther hym difpoilled, entring in his hed ;
But flepe myght he noght when that he was led;
he fighed, foghed, wepte with teres many,
" lord, wat fhal I doo, lord 1 " faid, " lete me dy !
w-
thoughts, and east
myself in
pit- Ne\ el
I laugh again ! "
Concluding his
lament, he un-
and got s to bed ; but can- not sleep. He
sighs, and cries.
TA ! fwet Meluhne, yf I you this lefe, fhall go vnto fom defert Cite, hermite or reclufe hecome, god to plefe, yn fom forain place where non enchahite. 2 2896 ha ! Melufine, my hertes Appetite,
Fair lady, my hert, my loue, my plefaunce, That you this f hold le:e by fuch ill mifchaunce !"
"Ha! Melusine, if i lose thee, I
si i all l-o to some desert place. Ha! Melusine ! that I should thus lose you ! "
2900
breast, aud wails. He turns from side to side
on the bed.
The bier off his hecle tere of with gret pine, lF"' ""'J .
° I He tears the hair
With lift hisbreft fmote, heuily gan mourn, oft' ins head,
smites his
Full oftc wailled, by-weping Melufine ; In his bede turny[?i]g, And efte gan retorn, In on eftat ne myght he noght fogourn ; 2901 here on bakke laide, efte the bely vppon, Torning And wendyng euer enuiron.
Then in-to chambre Melufine made entre ; Melusine then
When fhe was comyng, forth-with Anon dresses' and lies 2908 Swetly all naked hir difpoilled fhe, embraces him,
_ ._. and finds his neck
Courteilly the went ther the bede vppon, cold,
Sic in MS.
" Sic in MS.
104
MELUSINE COMFORTS RAYMOND.
as he was all uncovered. Siiftly she whispers to him, "Are you feeling anguish? Tell me the truth, I pray.
Am I not your love? tell me all.
f you foul any ill, and I will cure you."
[Fol. 5!).] Hearing this, he rejoices, thinking she knows no- thing. Yd she knew all, hut would nut Bpeak of it, Beeing his repentance.
Raymond says, " I have felt great In .'it and now the fever has changed In a shivering."
She ''lulu Hi e and kissrs him, .-in! he feels at ease. I
"With llaymounde f he lay in concluiion ; She ehbrafing hym, collyng amoureuy, 2912 Fynding his nekke cold vrith all the hody
Acaufe that he was All uncouered tho, And that by greuous heting And turnyng, Full ill was he raid, plonged for in wo. 20 1G In bafe wife Melufme ther hym fay ng, " Dolour or anguif h he ye ought feling 1 An ouer pale colour haue ye to eye ; Me fay ye the trough t, befech you hertly.
2920 A las ! Am I noght your loue eueridell ?
-£-»- Fro me f hold ye noght hide no maner thing.
Say me how it is, hele you fhal I welle,
For no wordly thyng not your-felfe hyndryng.
2924 Confeffe ye me if Any il be feling, Delyuer you f hall A-non openly, All hole f hall ye be here now prefently."
When Eaymound tho wourdes with eres gan here, 2928 Eeioyed merely, thought no-thyng fhe knew Off all that dede which had do entire ; yut knew the it wel, thow noght faid of-new, For he difcouered noght (but kepe it trew) 2932 The dede vnto no perfon that inftannce,
And that therof he had uerray repentaunce
A hundred tymes more then I can fay. ■£*- Eaymound liir faid, " gret hete haue I had
2936 In maner of continuaunce alway.
Now is this brennyng whereof Am Adred Torned and changed, into coldneffe lad." "helth fhall ye purchas," unto hym faid fhe ;
2940 "Stoned no baffhed of no thyng be ye."
Ohe embrafed hym And fwetly gan khTe,
^ Where-wttfl Raymound approched gret eafe.
GEOFFREY GOES TO FIGHT THE GIANT GUEDON.
105
1< »ng tyme lie regned in fueh ftate of bliffe, 2914: And fuch lif gan led, ech other gan pleafe. Off ther beyng here will I leue and ceafe, To declare and fay make me will redy, As of my famplere to procede plainly.
2948 fTmen this to my mater here retourne I.
J- Gaffray with long toth gouerned hym fo, That to Guerrande1 Gaffray fafte gan to hy, Demanndyng the way the Geant vnto
2952 "Where he myght be founde, to fight with hym Avoid go ; The Eoche perceined myghty and pufant, AVherto repaired thys cruel Geant,
C Ailed Guedon,2 that fo orgulous was, Gret, thikke, longe, ftronge, meruelous to fe. Gaffray fro his hors difcended apas, Armed hym A-non, lenger bode not he. "When Armed he was, to hors lepe a-ye, 2960 The geant doubted noght, A ftaf toke of ftile, Which at hys arfon made fafte for A-whyle.
must now leave them.
A1
Geoffrey goes to Guerrand I" seek
the giant, and at last sees the rock whereon his castle is built.
[Fol. 59 b] Geoffrey alights, arms himself, and! again mounts, making fast to his saddle-bow a steel ruace.
nd fin After fend his fluid and f hoke, Which beiides it had fhildes many. 2964- After his fpere of fharpe yren toke,
Sauyng goddys grace, gret thyng toke furely. hys men commaunded vnto god an hy. But for thare mafter wepte thay in Jjat place ; 2968 Thay trowed neuer fe hym in lilies fpace.
GEffray thaim faid, "ftil you, noght difmay; I beleue I find this Geaunt difcomtight By aid of god And hys model this day." 2972 Anon than Geffray parted fro thaim ryght,
Adieu tho thaim faid, thens went Alone to fyght.
1 MS. " GueruandY." - MS. "Suedou;" sec 1. 3011.
He takes also his shield and his iron spear, and Leaves his men, com- mending them to God on high.
He bids them farewell, and de- parts alone, as- cending the mount to reach the castle.
I
-
drawbrt I -
-
- - hear-
■ -
■ ■ -
- -
■
- oat
L he, g
- th
T
When
TThieh in my 2980 So long »od I A-
TIL a 1
0
. 34 "
a A d I ' ■ " - "'
In j being
-
in :
2 I
. - - Whi b _ ls A bole his ]
toth be-]
II
gret was, A few
"her neuer bad he I i _ Which his god - that full hyni come
. ".. ml I When a :
And to hjs ] - to feke hy] Lightly hym
A
Fauci to take.
r whet, 1 t 1 lie was -- -
for hys fake, ' In hys bof om put thi gret flegges ^
Ful gret and larg
. n in his being muf)
I i - •
BUT ITE IS NOT TERRIFIED.
I ;
3004 Tjliftene fote long this Geaunt w
-*- And when Gaffray nc-hed hym in-dede,
mgly merueled of his huge gretneffe, But yxit for all that of hym noght gan d:
3008 Xeither fere had for gretneffe, lenght, ne 1 But that Anon diffied hym boldly, And towards thys Geaunt drew hy?.
• GeoSrey fears hi:i. defies bim boldly.
w*
faid Guedon, "truffe
hens," faid he. 3012 Hym he anfwered, " ffr," faid without blame, " Gaffray with long toth fo men callyn me ;
hour neuer hid my name ; Thine ' Led come to haue, diffende Je for fhame !" " Cay tiff," faid- Guedon. '-.- thou to do?
The will fle 3 Anon w/t/< o foule f iroke or to ;
•
"Who art thou?" '. am Geoffrey with the Ion? •
- ' I will slay thee with one sole stroke."
HTfris ye now retorn, my fair fone," he faide, u Off the in my hert rem* I 3020 your yongly perfon feing at this braide, And that ye er or4 gret hab:! Gaffray. go hens of frendlyh id he.
hym Antf nay ;
3024 haw non but of thi life this day.
Guedon. "and i. as a
friend, to depart." :-oy bids
him rat:
his own life,
F
Or with mt diffaute fhe fhah which should soon
end. as he cannot
Fro kerning of mv fwerd here now di dMy escape.
Geoffrey advances the ; to the encounter,
In mortal! deth dye f hall here thi perfon ; 3 28 E ipe maifte thou I in no wyfe fro me."
Thys Geaunt noght told of hym in no deg Gaffray cam fafte centring the Geaunt then, As moche And As fafte As hys courier myght ten,
1 MS. !i Thime." - MS. " And ' " MS. "The." J " arof" (?)
108
THE COMBAT BETWEEN GEOFFREY
and overthrows the giant. The giant, astonished, rises up, and tells him his stroke shall be repaid.
[Fol. 61.] Being wrath at having been thus struck down by a single blow, he seizes his steel falchion, and cuts the legs off Geof- frey's horse.
The horse falls, Geoffrey leaps off, and at a blow nearly severs the giant's left arm.
Bui Guedon, to end the fight, deals Geoffrey a blow on the helm with bis flail, winch almost fells him.
Geoffrey runs and fetches his steel mace,
F
Thys cruel Geant A fers ftroke yaff lie ; By hys wurthineffe fo gan do and bette, "W7t7?out any demage he cafte don to fe. 3036 All aftoned of that adueriite,
Thys Geaunt roffe vp ; " haft thou noglit," he
faid, " Take me fuch offering, it yild f hall he this
braide,"
0'
m fote hopte he up, malice and wroth was 3040 ^ That don to grounde fo cafte in that He
By A foule ftroke of knyghtly manace.
Then lie in hand toke hys fauchon of ftile ;
As Gaffray wold torn, fogernyng no whyle, 3044 The fauchon of ftele, the Geant in hand,
Off Gaffray curfer the legges trencliand.
T
me courfer fill don, fro hors lepte1 Gaffray, !N"o-thyng hym lette, Fro fcaberge his fwerd drew ; 3048 To the giant went with raundon gret that day, The finiftre Arme fmote he vppon trew, Byght As belonged to knightly uertew. hys fauchon he made to fall the hand fro, 3052 That neuer After nod had non ther-to ;
F
^Or Gaffray fuch ftroke fette, he failled noght ; In the hanche four hurt greuoufly he was, But to hym Guedon Approched ny, thought 3056 So that mortall were ther hym gan purchas, his flael thor toke myghtly A-place, To Gafl'ray tlierof gaf on the helme hv, All Aftoned Almofte At ground truly.
3060 Tnto his fcaberge the fwerde put Gaffray, J- To his conifer ran, his ftaffe ther takvng, 1 MS. " lepete ; " but see 1. 3070.
AXD THE HUGE GIAXT GUEDON.
109
To thys Geant cafte A huge ftroke that day, Stager And ffcomble made with hys fore ftriking ; 30G-4 hys Flael fro hand caufed ther fleing.
On off hys [sjlegges1 Guedon2 toke in hafte, To Gaffray wightly And fharply it cafte,
With the faid ftroke eaft of myghty vertew Off Gaffray the ftafe or axe gan attain, Fro hys handes made to fie and remew. This Giant lepte forth, the ftafe toke certain ; To Gaffray noght had twixfte hys handes twain, 3i>72 But < taffray his fwerd gan to draw Anon, And vppon the Anne it fett of Guedon ;3
anil with it Btrikea the giant
SO that he slum
blea and drops the flail. Guedon seizes a sledge- hammer,
[Fol. 61 6] and with it knocks Geoffrey's man' out of his hand, and then picks it. up. Geoffrey draws his sword,
A'
nd fo huge A ftroke geuyng hym was tho, That quite clene the arme fhare off thro ughtly. 307G Gaffray full marally ther Auenged fo
Off Guedon2 the Giant ftrong and myghty, Where Arme, ftafe, or Axe, done fill hym
ryght ny. Where-thorught for wo the faide Geant fuatte,
3080 For Align ii l'h And forow lefte his Anne & bede.4
Full moche the Geant was Aftoned tho, When off hys Armes tm had lofte of-new ; hatrfed his fwerd, trowing Gaffray finitte to ;
3081 But the ftroke uoided And fomwat w/tftdrow, A litell blenched enmyddes the medew, Vppon his legge fmote with fwerde wonderly, A meruelous ftroke gaffe, Ato carf5 hys thy.
and shears Gue- don's arm com- pletelyoff Down fall all his weapons.
The .-'nut Btril 9 at Geoffrey with
his sword, hut he
Blips aside, and with a marvellous stroke cuts his foe'a thigh right in two.
The giant Tails.
Geoffrey cleaves
3088 fTuiis Giant fill, crying his goddis aide ;
J- Gaffray A ftroke gaffe tho his fculle vppon, hisheadtothe he offeryng fo, the helme rent And foulle raide,
1 MS. has " Irprgrs," a notable blunder.
2 MS. "Goucdon." :1 MS. " Sucdon."
* Indistinct. 3 MS. " craf ; " but see 1. 3092.
110
GEOFFREY SHEWS THE GIANTS CORPSE.
The lielme cutte And rent till the teth Adon ;
and, seizing
his Saracen horn,
blows it luudiy. 3092 The fwerde fo cuttyng, the hede carf Anon.
After that hys home fariiin toke lie, hyly it blowyng times to or thre.
[Fol. 62.] Geoffrey's men come up, ami find the giant slain, t They marvel at his length and breadth.
Ts peple the founde full wel vnderftode, 309G J-J- To hym hied, tailed noght certain ;
Enmyddes the medew founde where he ftode,
Thys cruell Geaunt which j>at he had (lain.
When this meruelous Geant ther was fain, 3100 Off his face/on Aftoned thay were,
hys lenghtj his brede was fo ouermette there.
The lords compli- ment Geoffrey highly, ami tell him he has done " an inly good deed."
10 ( ! affray the lordes toke vnto fay, : Off this Geaunt huge niifgouernaunce 3104 ye vnto thys man meued were thys day,
As hym to uenquifh thought in remembraunce, Thys enemy difcomfite this inftaunee ; Truly ye haue don An inly good ded." 3108 Gaffray Anfwered ther, "faire lordes," fed,
Geoffrey says he has but done his duty. They enter the castle, which is well built and fair.
it us behouid, were it wrong or ryght ; For it putt abake I ne myght, parde ; My lif to ditfend I f hold, yff I myght ; 3] 12 And fo haue I done, our lord preifed be, hym conquered haue here As ye may fee." Thay entred there, to caftell gaii repare, Which was well billed to fight, And full faire.
Huge joy is made
both by small and
great because the giant, was discom- fited i stone- dead.
31 1G 14 | En all this knew thorugh that region,
-^- Eor-why fhold we then fpeke therof more 1 huge ioy and folas therof made and don, Rothe tho gret and fmall gret ioy made therffi r,
3120 That the Geant was by Gaffray don bore, So difcomfite, ftandede, And all cold; hug[e] ioy and gladneffe in contre tho hold.
Raymond's letter to geoffrey.
Ill
it\' this lande made lorde he by this uiage, 312 L ^ Wherby manly had ended the werre tho.
Ther-thens to uavuent A man fent in meffage,
Which full courtois was, inly wife alfo ;
Thys laid meffinger Raymounde faid unto, 3128 That by Gaffray the Giant fers and hold
Was defcomhte and put to deth, he told.
[FoL 62 h] Geoffrey is made lord nf that country. A nies- senger tells the news to Raymond j
R
Melusine gives the messenger a rich gift. He next takes paper and wax to his secretary, and dictates a letter,
lAymounde laughed tho, hym preifing fafte £55^ there. Melufine without othir tarying 3132 Made right good chore vntc the meffinger;
When hym chered had with all maner thyng, A ryche gifte hym gaffe ; Raymounde tho
writyng, Paper And wexe toke to hys fecretory, 31 3G Amm A letter conceited haftily, !
which he a ials and sends to Gcof-
The tenure of which was well deuyfed ; By Raymounde feled were thai in hit place : fit-v iu Guerrand,
J • > x telling In tn how
So forth fend by Raymounde, fo auifed, Fromont had be-
^ "* come a monk m
3140 Vnto Gaffray which in Guerrande tho wace, the abbey of
Maillezais,
"hou that Fromount his uefture gan purchace At Maillers, And ther refceiued gan fay, And thai A monke was in that faide Abbay;
3144 TTThere that he wold ufe All his liffes fpace, ' * And for his frendes pray to god An hy, For that it was an inly deuout place." Alas ! thes Letters il hour wrought truly,
3148 For thai torned to the contrary.
lie therthorugh lofte the fair Melufine, Whom that he loued with partite loue tine.1
when' In' WOUld
Bpend lii:- lite in prayer f"i Mb friends Alas ! this letter « i, written in an evil hour, for thereby did Raymond )"su Melusine !
"VTOw fhall we leue at thys time the lyffe
|Fol. C3.] I shall l< ave tin-
3152 -^ Of Raymounde the fwete And courtois only, art of Raymond
and Melusine,
> Here foil ;v. chword— " Now fhall we leue at \>is time."
112
THE MESSAGE TO GEOFFREY FROM NORTHUMBERLAND.
and speak of Geoffrey, who was now in Guerrand country,
where he was royally feasted for killing the giant. While he was there, came a messenger from Norbelande to him, and having found him
and presented
his letters, he proceeds to tell of a giant who had come to Norheland, savage, cruel, and dangerous.
and had brought
war cm all the country, lie begs Geoffrey to help them speedily, as the nobles of the land have great trust iu his might,
[Fol. 63 6.] Urging him he adds that all the country will be given up to him, as he may see from the letters The
people trust wholl] to him to
destroy the giant.
Of Melufme als hys ful noble wyfe, Which at Jwt hour was A woman worthy. Of Gaffray with gret toth declare fhal I ; 3156 After thys I fhall you outre and fay ; In Guerrande contre tho was Gaffray,
All the contre hym fefted roially For thys Geant fake that he diftroid there : 31 GO Gret ioy ther had of peple fid many.
"With that cam to hym ther A meffengere, To gaffray comyng in humble manere, Fro Norbelande After Gaffray demaunding 31 64 Where J>at he was ; many hym f hewing,
To Gaffray prefented thes letters there. " My lord," he faid, " for goddys hy mercy, That it myght you pies me vnderftande here. 3168 Vnto Norbeland is comyn truly
A man more gretter then other Any, Which is A Geaunt, wonder meruelous, Ouerthwart cruel and ryght perilous ;
3172 ] Te hath brought were [on] all our contre.
-LJ- Wherfor I am come to feke you thys hour, Here requeryng you for all loue may be, ye of Gentilleife wold be ther focour ;
3176 Tho of contre, the lordes of honore,
In your perfon haue ryght gret affiaunce, Wilnyng you to come haftly thys inftaunce.
So that ouer-lang ye mow noght tary ; For you will thai yild all the hole contre, Ther landes to hold of your eftate hy. For fothe your letters, if opened be, ye may wel know the trouth And ueryte. .3181 Thay haue cafte ther loote certes you vppon, ( Ml' thys ftrong Geaunt cauie diftrucc/on."
GEOFFREY SAYS HE WILL GO THERE.
113
GEffray tlie letters After breke and rayd, Fro1 wurde untowurd, And iithen hymfaid, 3188 "Meffinger, troutli is, no ly on you had ; By the holy crone fwere I you this braid, That men cal Geffray with long toth difplaid hens wold noght rerueue for lande ne hauour, 3192 But for the contre only to focour.
On reading the letters, Geoffrey an eai that he will go, but it ia not for lands or possessions, but for the sake of helping the people,
F
^Or off the peple haue I gret pitte, For the good zele haue to criftine entyre, Wherin I haue grette affinite : 3196 Als honour And worfhip to acquire.
Off me the werre the Giaunt doth defire,
Anon fhall I go hym Affail quikly."
To tliys forth-progreffe Geffray made redy.
3200 A meffynger the men tyme gan difcend
■£*- Off hys fader part, forth-w/t7i hym taking The letters, al which that he hym fend. Geffray thaim rad, And when he was knowing
3204 That his brother was A monke hyin yilding, leuer had hym be honged were As thef ; "Wherof to hert had dole of gret myfehef :
on whom he has pity, because he has great zeal for Christianity. Also he would win honour; there- fore he prepares at once.
Meanwhile a messenger from his father brings him letters to tell him that his brother has be- come a monk, at which he is angry and sad.
3208
TOu-were-it that ioy of hys fader had,
[Fol. C4.] lie was pleased to have good
news of his father
and mother, but he lost his wits at the disgrace of
And of Melnfine his moders welfaire, Thay were hole and founde, of jwt was he glad When of hys brother Fiomont lmrd declare, That he monke was f horn, dole had And gret care ; J™" 3212 Off the difpite hys witte gon And lofte,
Vermail rede As blode, with wreth tende hys gofte ;
grew as red as vermilion.
0
ff malice And wreth had in his body Fuming like a
In.' uomed And fwatte, A fwine refembling ; he made ail afraid
„_,, . __ i i t ti i w!io came near
3216 ISfeuer man non hym beheld ueryly him.
But of huge drede ther he were trembh ng. 1 MS. " For." Fr. text, " de mot en mot."
1U
GEOFFREY HEARS ABOUT FROMOXT,
Theu iu his passion he exclaims, "These vile monks
"Ther tlio ill," lie fayd, "thys lechorus being, Thes fals nionkes, which full uicious he, 3220 Thay haue now, hy the holy trynite,
have surely en- chanted my brother, to make him turn monk and have a shaven crown. But they shall suffer for it. The errand into Northumberland must be put off a while.
My brother Fromont haue enchanted fure, A monke haue hym made, certes, in ther town. To thaim might yut come fom mifauenture : 3224 hym haue thay f horn and made to here A crown ; In f hall tham put into gret mifchef down. Of this other erande bide Awhile will I ; Thys nionkes will fe, long er that I dy.
I will go at once and burn up all these monks together." He bids the mes- sengers from Northumberland await his return, when he will go with them as he promised.
3228 T^Erre of fhall noght be or to that place go, -L Thaim fhall I brenne to-geders in A fire.' Tho meffengers of norbelande faid to : " you commaunde al abide me here entire,
3232 For fhortly with you go wil at defire, That cruell Geaimt As to difcomfight, So fhall it be don As graunted haue ryght.
[Fol. 64 6.] They promise to guard his house in his absence, and to wait till his return. He ' sends them away without further parley,
and summoning his people, rides with all speed till he reaches Maillezais jUilp.'.v ou a Tuesday.
rTuiai, which durft noght with-fay hys hy renon, 3236 ■*- hym Anfwered : " we will, lord honourous,
Sin it plefith you, it is good refon :
In your abfence, fchall warde and kepe pis hous,
Without departing, to be laborous 3240 Till the tyme approche A-gane you fhal fe."
Geffray anfwered : " wele faide here haue ye;
GO forth," faid he, " with-out fayng-Again." To hys peple faid, " vnto hors ye goo ; 3244 I fhall nothyng fpare ualey ne montain, Till that I come Maillers Abbay vnto." Then Geffray hym put forth on hys way tho, Thys fers, cruell, hardy, the Tewifday, 3248 So rode that he ryued at the Abbay.
AND SETS OFF TO JIAILLEZAIS IX A RAGE.
115
T
Ihe monkes were in their chapitre-hous, • .Vnd Geflray Anon entred ther within : When thes nionkes knew tliys man honorous,
32-") 2 To ryn him Again Alfafte gan begin,
As welgret As fmall towar[d] hym gan wyn, All the hole couent ther hym fainting, Fnll gret ioy thay had As of hys comyng.
He finds the monks in the chapter house. They are de lighted at his coming.
3256 nphen to the abbot, which that balled was, J- hath Galfray fpokyn rude and buf telly, As A man chaufed l w/t/j yerfull manace. " Ha ! dan Abbot," toke hym to fay an hy,
3200 '• Abbot, forwhy haue ye made folyly
My brother A nionke in thys faid Abbay To leue chiualry, takyng your ordre Ay?
But roughly and angrily he de- mands of the Lord Abhot why they have so foolishly made his brother leave chivalry and turn monk.
I
X good feith, fidl is niufed and thought,
[Fol. 63.] lie threatens
3264 -■- ±or your mortal! deth ye tho gan purchace : them an with
death, and
ye fchal dy for your wykkydneffe wrought, grinding his
Both ye And all your couent in thys place." nuts tnemlnto Then fore he grint And ftrayined his teeth apace, grea 3268 All tho which were the Abbay within
Thai had gret drede, feing hym fo begin.
T
hes monkcs wepte, And fighed ful fore there They weep and
sigh for fear, and the Lord
Of the fereftd drede which that time thai had 3272 Then dan Abbot of the hous gan anfwcre,
'• Sir, by me noght was it forth broght no lad ;
1 »y hym-felfen was it, trow I f hall ful fad ;
he i'o meued with good deuocion 3276 As Entre into this religion.
Abbot declares it has all been done of Fromont's own free will.
[TEre Fromont may fe ye, lo ! perfonally, nc ma, spP fto-
-LL yff it hke or pleafe you hym demaunde, lo ! " conSngTo Ma Fromont thys hym faid, " brother, verily
1 MS. " chamfcd." Fr. text, " cschauiTez." 8 *
116
GEOFFREY BURXS THE ABBEY OF MAILLEZAIS,
out the Abbot's account, and adds that he will be nothing but a monk.
3280 By non is it wrought, but "by my-felfe do : A monke for to be, Am, And f hall be to ; Wlier wi't/iin for you to our lord fhal pray, To other dedes attende wil no day,
His father and mother, he says, had consented, and were glad that he should enter ou this life, that they all might benefit by his prayers.
3284 T)ut only to god, to whom I am yild.
-L' hit pleafed my fader, to hym acceptiff, And to Melufine, my good moder milde : Full gladly thay wold I f hold ufe my life
3288 here As for to pray our lord celeftif For thaim and for you in efpeciall, That in paradife he vs do put all."
[Fol. 65 &.] Geoffrey, almost mad with rage, replied to him sadly. Then departing, shut the doors, and savagely orders fuel to be col- lected,
GEffray vnderftode Almofte in wode rage, Thaken1 with A meruelous corage tho, Moche ther refceiued to hym delefull langage. Fro-thens deperted, the dores after drew to, All tho within cloud and f hitte alfo, 3296 After fend to fecche, of feroiite,
Straw And berres2 wonder gret plente.
which he has piled about the Abbey, and then sets it all on tire.
T
^0 all ilneffe do luffc had and talent, Thys brufehet made put in-to on hepe, 3300 What caufe eche merueled, in ther entent. Fire hath he taken and put in therto ; That in litell while fe fhcld not man, lo ! For the fmoky fume fmortherting fo was, 3304 The Abbay it toke, fore gan it enbras.
The Abbey, the Abbot, and a hundred monks, are consumed.
ryihe fire fo kindled thorugh all certainly, -L The monkes all betrapped and forfhend, That neuer on foule3 fcaped outwardly. 3308 The Abbot And A hunderd monkes brend On tewfday, by fortune, fo ther end :
1 "Taken." Fr. text, "Esprins." 2 "breres" (?) Fr. "busehe." 3 MS. "foulc."
FR0M0NT, THi: ABBOT, AND ALB THE MONKS.
n:
All that ther within wafted to huge grame, To gret forow And wo, vnto full huge fhame ;
3312 A nd als the mofte parte of thys faid ahbay -^*- By hym ftroied, bruled and fcorched tho Ther not lefte ne bode o foule man that l day,
Most of the building is de- stroyed, and not one soul escaped. Geoffrey, on coming to
Thomglily brende it Avas to gret f hame and wo. himself, laments
o o i n -ff-n what he has done,
3316 When better remembred2 hys diffaute, lo !
With f hill voce cried bat time hautaynly, "Alas, caitife !" faide, " doii hafte folily,
wt:
lich thys minftre undo and fo brend." 3320 ' * his brother ofte bement dede fo, noght in graue ; After the Abbot And all the couent. Foltif h he was, For tho thaini might not liaue, Neuer for golde ne for hauour craue. 3324 he thaini complained And waymentecl fore, Off pite fighed, lamenting euermore.
[Fol. 66.] the burning of the minster, and his brother nnburied, and the Abbot. For there was no getting them back again.
F
fro-thens departed, on his courfere lepte, He right noght fparyng ualey ne montayn, 3328 In paynfull wo was, muling thoughtes kepte, Of his brother brende fore hym gan complain ; So god3 religious As he was certain. Then to hym-felfe faid ; " fair god lord an by, 3332 What may me become or what do fhall I?
Leaving Mail- lezais, he rode hard, thinking much of his good religious brother; and then up- braids himself,
N1
"E to what ende come, certes, know ne may Neuer man born fro Adam to thys hour Ne war fo well wurth to be dampned ay ! 333G Wei fhewith I am An ill fals traitour,
I here more wurfe then Iudas the fynnour. JSTeuer fhall I fee, vifage to vifage, Off god our Fader femyng in corage.
that he is more worthy of damna- tion than any man, even than Judas Iscariot,
and shall l»- .-hut out of God's sight.
1 MS. "thai."
MS. " rcmenbred."
:good"(:)
118
GEOFFREY SETS OFF FOR NORTHUMBERLAND.
He prays for death. In this sorry frame he reaches Guer- rande, and finds the messenger waiting for him.
[Fol. 68 6.] Geoffrey is pleased to see him, and goes at once, taking but ten retainers.
He was feasted by the people before he went on board. With a fair wind he sets out at once on his voyage.
The people bless them as they start, and with a fair wind and good ship they go on their way. I shall now leave Geoffrey and speak of Ray- mond.
3340 "1/TOrtall cleth, now corn bering me away !" -LU- Such difcomforth had Gaffray in corage. Forfoth fo rode An eafy pace that day, That to Gxxerrande came forth fo in viage,
3344 Fidl malice And wrogli[t] of thys huge damage Which that tyme had don, And /ore gan com- plain. The meflingere lefte contred hym Again :
When GefTray hym fawr, in hert was full glade ; Fro-thens departyd vnto vnderftande. Of no creature demaund leue ne had. he ther-thens wende towarde norbelande, Where-hens the meffinger of the faide lande 3352 Which to Gaffray cam requiring hym then : And off his maynee had he hut ten.
H1
"E thought he Avoid noght ouer flow to he : Anon As he Approched the port there, 3356 Men hym made gret fefte or fhippe made entre ;l And off the contre the faid melfynger, Which condute this knight the way and manere. The faill reifed vp, the wunde fofte gan blow, 3360 Anon difancred the fhippe in a throw ;
mi
Ihe- maryner thaim put in-to the fe, And at departfon thaim bleffed all tho. The winde was good, the fhippe welle failled fche, 3364 In a litill while ferre paffed And goo,
A kennyng thaim Avas but A Jaj)e vnto. Iiyght thus of Gaffray f hall reft and f till me, And declare And fpeke of Raymounde the fre.
He was living 3368 T) AyHiounde at vauuent lad a mery2 lif ;
Vou^nt with his -*-*- Wher hym gan to hold, As long As he
wife, Melusine. t .
myght,
1 MS. "enthe.'
2 MS. "ainery.'
A MESSENGER COMES TO RAYMOND. 119
With fayre Melufinc hys full noble Avyffe. At dinner one
day a great piece
Thvs gent ill Eaymonde was A courtois knvght. of m newa ta
" ° J Jb brought them.
3372 At vauuent were both, as1 refon was and ryght. Anon had thay full dolorous noyfaunce ; As at diner fate, at ther own plefaunce,
Aferrorn thai faw com A niefllngere, [Foi. or.]
. Afar off they saw
"Which in humble wife thaim were faluting ; a messenger who
But hys colour changed fodainly there, them; but in
For thys caufe that he the dede was doubting to give his
Of that meffage behofull hym doing. changes colour.
3380 And Rayniound to hym tho ther faid anon : him^eicome.
" Gentill meflingere, welcom to vs echon."
0'
iff noueles Anon gan hym to enquere ; They inquire
his news. (Alas !
Wliere-hens he cam ; And fro what place i must utter
strange news, J)«t day. for which I am
3384 (Alas ! outre mofte noueles in ftrange manere, message is right
Tham vnto declare wo is me alway ;
For fuch tydinges And nouels f hall fay
Which ben full ill, ryght noght, full of yre, 3388 And ryght hiduous, Any man to hyre.
naught,
w
here-thorugh Eaymounde fhall lefe the owing to
which Raymond
company shall lose his
. wife's company.)
Off faire Melnfine, fro that lor all-wais, Thenheteiis
Neuer after with hys wife be truly : 3392 Where fhe no point had off diffame no dais.) Then the meffinger fpake with-out delais, "Sir, vnderftande, my wordes and entent To fay behouith, wherof Am dolent ;
them
3396 f\n of youre children take hath mortall."
VJ "Which is he?" faid Raymounde : "fir, Fremont i
that one of their children,
dead, and Ray-
Fromont it is." moad a--ks if lie
" hou is he dede 1 good fir, fay me all.
i MS. "os."
120
RAYMONDS GRIEF AT THE NEWS.
Is noght the body bered of hys 1
is interred in our Lady's Abbey
at Mamezais. 3400 On his foule mercy the lord do of blis !
[Fol. 67 &.] But the mes- senger replies that Froinont had not beeu buried, but burnt by Geoffrey In the Abbey.
The abbot and monks were all scorched and burnt to ashes; Geoffrey shut them in and burnt them, out of spite against Fromont.
Raymond, at the news, bathes his heart in sorrow, but sternly com- mands the messenger to be sure he is not lying.
He replies that he saw it with his two eyes. Raymond, in great dolour,
Entered in cburcbe is of our lady In Abbay off Maillers full follemply."
Thys meffinger faid with f hill vois hantain, " That Miffed man neuer had fepulture ; Wilbelouid fir, this you fay fertain, Aforn all will declare the Auenture, hou Gaffray hym put to f hameuous oppreffure, 3108 Fired and byrnde, ftroyng the Abbay
Off Maillers, for Fromont hys fake Alway,
mi
}he Abbot And monkes conuentuall, That ther o foule man efcapid noght, 3112 But fcorched and brend were to Afkes fmall ; And hou the doures made fafte As cowde be
thought ; For drede non durfte fie, to-geders brende and
brought, For the gret difpite which in hert he had1 3416 Off Fromont, that in monkes wede was clacle."
'hen Rayniound it knew, bliffed with ryght hand,
In forow And wo hys hert bathed he. yut Another tyrne he gan to demand, 3420 Commaunding hym ftraitly As myght be, That he hym fay the trouth and verite. " Se here," he faid, " gret cruelte fhewyng, Is it this 1 ward the that thou ly no thing ! "
3424 TTE hym anfwerd, " fir, it is ryght this ■ -*-J- I dare wel fay this, fo god me do aid ;
With my eyes to faw it, foo haue I blis ! " "When Raymounde it hurd, colour changed \ai braid,
1 MS. "hed."
RAYMOND VISITS THE RUINS OF MAILLEZAIS.
121
3128 For ende had he non in his dolour laid. To hors lepe he tho w/t/i-out tarying, In hert was ryght wo And fidl fore niornyiig.
3432
TX penlif miifes hym fafte befeyin<:
He reft noght to ryde, fo to Maillers cam. Such A pace rode, yut ther the fray finding, Bayniounde perceiued the gret lofcjV]1 And
fhame. Ech man complayned on Garlray by name. 3436 The Ahhay faw brend And woxin defert, Which caufid gret wo hym to haue at hert.
leaps upon horse- back.
[Fol. 68.] and rides at once to Mail- lezais. There he hears men com- plaining, and sees the abbey reduced to a ruin.
H
E beheld Aboute euery part fure, Much enraged,
Seyng the Abbot And monkes brend were ; Geoffrey shall die 3440 Als feing the meruelous auenture, manner, if he
" By god died in crotfe," Baymound gan fwere, ^f Mm. ge That " Gaffray f hold dye in cruell manere, yff atwixft his handis he hym haue myght, 3444 He wold make hym ende, And fhameuous deth dight ! "
There lepte vp Again hys courfere vppon, Again he mounts
So inly malice, full of wrath and yre, no wish to stay
— «, .P n j there, and rides
In Ihuch cAs broght, wilte not wat lay ne don • fast homeward.
3448 To fogeril At Maillers more wold not defire. Fro-thens departed, tornyng hole entire hamwarde in iournay ryght full beiUy. Al day ther he rode fafte And fpedfully,
3452 Qo the myghty ftrenght attained he was
U Of vauuent caftell, entred in and wend ; hys courfere As the wy nde forth went apace. When within was, After gan difcend ;
3456 lenger wold he noght bide ne attend. In-to the chambre entred he Anon, The dores to hym drew And clofyd echon.
1 See 1. 3608. Fr, text, " perte."
He reaches the fort of Vouvant, and alights from his liorse. He enters his chamber, and shuts the door.
122
RAYMONDS COMPLAINT AGAINST FORTUNE.
[Fol. 68 b.] Then he begins to lament and wail, Baying, "Ah ! Fortune ! thy dealings are too manifest, thou art not secret enough.
When I put Earl Amery to death by moonlight, thou wert the cause. Alas ! he was a peerless man !
And next, thou madest me marry this in- famous serpent : and one of my ten children by her, a holy monk, is dead,
and his brother slew him. Her children will do no good. I could no1 have believed it, had I not Been her in the bath.
[Fol. 69.]
I saw through the h"Ir in the door that she
There began he wonder waymenting ; Coniplaynyng, Avayling, And lamentyng to fee. " Ha ! " he faid, " Fortune, to riue art being ; Ne hafte thou not be "with me full preue. Aboue All other hafte l thou hated rne ! 3461 Alas ! this for-whi haft thou me in hate 1 To tech me were thou contrary J?«t date,
"hen thou me madeft that murther to do Off the noble Erie of peiters being, 3468 Amery the good notable knyght tho ;
I hym put to deth by the mone f hynyng. By the, lady Fortone, thou were it caufing ! Alas ! he was man in tyme full worthy ! 3472 Hys pere noght founde Athiffid Eome truly !
A'
fter me made by thy will and uolente To take this woman of the Fayry, This2 here diffamed ferpent vnto fe ■ 3476 I am not wronged3 thow it beAvayle furely. Then4 fair children haue I had hir by; But on is dede, whereof Am I penfiffe, Which. Avas A monke leuyng holy life.
3480 richer now his brother hat[h] put hym deth to. J- I trow thes children which that fhe bare In this worle ne fhall no maner good do. The begynnyng noght, of trouth to declare,
3484 And, by the teres off uandofme hys fair, hit I to beleue is but fantefy, Ne hade I hir fain in the bath only ;
3488
1 MS.
1" not ferre fro thens, the trouth vn-to tell, -*- By the litell hole of the dore gan fe Fro the hed adon vnto the nauell
baste." 2 MS. "Thes." s « wr0ng " (?)
4 "Ten." Fr. text, "dix."
MELUSINE COMES TO K.YYMOXD.
123
A full fair and gent woman there was fhe ; But under was A ferpent of verite, 3492 A taill burled had of filuer and Afure,
Ther bete that all the water flaifhed fure,
P
lull grett hiduou[s]neffe to my hert made. Neuer was ther man if hir gan to fe 3496 In the eftat that I ther faw hir clad, But that wold Anon Away fro hir He ; For it was thing dredfull As myght be. God me ward and kepe fro werk diabolike, 3500 And ftedfafte me hold in feith catholike ! "
was a woman from her head to her middle, but beneath a serpent, with a tail striped with hlue and gold.
No man could have beheld her as I did, and not have fled for fear. God keep uie from diabolic works ! "
F
VAir Melusine tho the dore gan unf hit, "Well cowde it vnloke, in gan fhe repaire, Alfo to the dore the key had of it. 3504 Knygktes, ladeis, damicelles full faire, Squiers, yongmen, maydens debonair, With Melusine ther entre made pat ftounde Into the chambre where Rayinound was founde.
Melusine unlocks the door, and brings with her into the chamber a company of squires and maidens.
3508 Tn the faide chambre entred thai Anon.
I
Raymond is much vexed at
Bavmounde faw hvs wife, marred was he tho. the si"ht "f Uer-
and begins to lament anew. The moment of their parting wa now nigh at hand.
Ther hauing no ! point of colour hym vppon, There be-gan of-neAv hys dolorous woo. 3512 Off Raymounde And of hys fair loue alfo Ther ftrange depa[r]tfon approched full ny, Eyglit As ye fhall hire declared fhortly.
15 1G
rphen Melufine laid to Raymound hir houfband, -*- " hauith riot your hert fo marred for wo,
For ]j«t ye may noght amend at no ftonde. Men fhold fuch forow lightly lete flip and go. yff Agayn our lord Gaffray haue myfdo, 3520 And )>«t he hath diftroid that fane place Off Maillers by hys mifdoing, percas
[Fol.CO 6.] Melusine says to him, "Be not vexed. Even though Geoffrey has thus sinned, and has destroyed the abbey, he may yet, per- chance.
1 MS. "to." Fr. text, " ncust point de coulcur."
124
RAYMOND CALLS MELUSINE — " SERPENT
make his peace with God by repentance, and suffer pain in the body ; for God's mercy is at all times ready.
For God willeth not the death of a sinner, but that lie should live to repent and to do good."
But Raymond was spiteful and angry, and his reason awhile departed. Soon shall he say a word which he shall never retrieve.
[Fol. 70.] With fierce look, proudly wroth, he spake plainly his foolish thought, uttering aloud the fatal word, "Ha! serpent! Be- hold and see
what Geoffrey thy sou hath done ! He hath scorched and burnt a hun- dred monks, of
T
"lit may he his pees Full "wel do to make TWardes our lord by grete repentance, 3524 And for his trefpas pennaunce may he take, Therfor fuffer pain in bodyly fubftaunce. For goddis marce is x redy ech inf tance, So in hym he haue good contrecion, 3528 And efter veray pure confemon.
0'
^ff verray trouth my beleue is foo That our lord god on hym will haue mercy, For of the fynner wold not deth f hold go, 3532 But louith better that lif fhold truly,
To haue time And fpace, being here wordly, To effecte And end that he fhold repent And to All goodneffe alfo to AfTent."
3536 rTuiys lady wifely And fagely gan to fpeke,
-*- But Baymounde maKce And full angry was ; At hys hert gret noyfaunce gan he fteke. Befon deperted tho fro hym apas.
3540 Such A word fhal fay, repent can not purchas ; Neuer f hall ne may, vnto bat he dy, Conquere that he f hall And mofte leflfe ther-by.
3544
f\& A fers behold, orgulouily wrought,
3548
Als with the behold of his eyes twain, And when that he had A litell thought, his foley thought fpitfully fpake plain, And afore allfaid he with uois hautain, : ha ! ferpent ! thy line in lif no good f hall doo ! Se here now A noble begynnyng, lo !
"hat Gaffray with long toth thy fon hath don !
A hundred monkes fcroched 2 and brend plain, 3552 And after fro-thens made he departfon. 1 MS. " his." 2 Sie in MS<
w
MELUSIXE SWOOXS WITH SORROW.
125
Where-of on was Fromont thi fon certain, The which, to cherif h euer was I fain ! Alas ! thes rnonkes flain hath thi fon Gaffray. 3556 But thay died noght Al cold, I may fery, l
luery of thaim fo gret An hed2 had. I haue ther he, I saw it verily, Thaim al hath he hrend, Gaffray tlii fone made ! " 3560 Alas ! the forow don fo difordinatly
Off that wurde which he p?'onounced openly ! For ther-in gan do gret ill and fin plain. Melufine Anon lofte, neuer faw Again.
E"
whom Fromont thy son v. But they died not all cold,
but every one was hot enough. Geoffrey, thy mad son, burnt them ! " Alas ! the sorrow caused by that fatal word, which lost him Melu- sine !
3564
hen Alelufine hurd thys faid wurde this When Meiuuine
heard that word
ftounde,
After hir fuftain forfoth f he ne myght. Zownyngly f he fil wofully to grounde ; The forow fo gret, the hert fro hym-felf ryght. 3568 Well ny fo half hour fhe lay, this fwet wight, Proftrat to the erth, ftoned, fo zownyng For that heuy word he was ther outring.
she swooned away, and lay in that swoon a whole half-hour, prostrate and astonied.
35
The barons ther cam, vp gan hir redrefe
Goodly, without hurt or blecere Any. Anon A knight Approched hir hineffe, hir vifage moifted with fref h water goodly, Trowing A fiftene times or twenty. 3576 By that reforted hir good hert Again, Ynto Baymoimd faid foberly certain,
Orfoth to hym fpake full peteuoufly,
" Alas, alas, alas, Bayniounde, this day !
3580 111 faw I the euery times any !
Ill faw I the heute of the, I fay ;
111 faw I thi ful gracious Aray,
111 faw I the vppo[»] the Fontain,
3584 111 faw I thy vertuous demenyng playn, 3
1 "fay" (?) 2 "het" (?) Fr. text, "chault."
3 MS. " playng."
F
[Fol. 70 6.] The barons raised her up, and a knight moistened her face with cold water. She revives, and ex- claims,
"Alas. Raymond ! Ill for me that ever I saw thee ! Wo is me that ever I saw thy beauty, thy array, thy \ irtu- . ous conduct.
126
MELUSINE REPROACHES RAYMOND.
Alas that ever I saw thy precious body, that ever I loved thee ! Evil was the hour and season
Til faw I thy werking amerous,
wherein I first saw thy treason and falseness ! Thine unmeasure- able language has condemned me to eternal pain.
[Fol. 71.] Never shall you see my face again, O false, perjured traitor, murmurer, liar, betrayer, and false knight.
Thus hast thou caused us huge loss. Yet I could forgive your seeing me iu the bath, be- cause you told it to no one.
Your revealing it lias brought mis- fortune. Had
Ille law I thy precyous body, Ille saw I thy iourne dolorous, 3588 That w/t/i the was in loue Aniouroufly ! Ille law I thi fair contennaunce truly, Ille faw I thy gracious body gent, Ille faw I the hour And mene feafon prefent
3592 mhat the faw firft, thi trefon, thi falfneffe ! *- Thy fals vntrew fpech, thy huge cruelte,
Thy fals tonges unmefurahehieffe,
Me put to paynes perdurahilite, 3596 That frothens neuer fhall I depart me,
But full nioche pain f hal I fuffre Alway,
For pain fhall I haue vnto the lafte day,
nnhat it like or pleaffe our lord foueran 3600 -*- To come iuge And deme tho both cpiikke and dede ! Neuer fhal ye fe my clere uifage plain, Moft fals traytour And fals forfworn in-ded, Replet with uices, Ml of murmerhed, 3604 Fals amerous, fals lefmgmonger ryght,
Fals betrayer, And in-ded A fals knyght !
Full ill hafte thow, lo ! my couenaunt hold, That thow me promyfed hi the begynnyng ; 3608 Thou hafte made us haue huge lofce many-fold, yut myght I all this Ml wel be fuffryng, Off that hi the bath me fo were feyng, Acaufc ye ne it faid no creature. 3612 The fende knew it noglit, the mifauenture.
s fon As made was reuelacion there, knawen was A-none For it fhalt miffall ; Yf that my l body to the Abode here,
1 MS. "by." Fr. text, " mon corps."
MELUSINE FORETELLS RAYMONDS MISFORTUNES.
127
3616 Thow fh.old.eft perceiue ryght brefly with-aR All thy Ml fals periuiy difceiu[e] ! l yf truly ye had the couenaunt hold, Vnto M ortall cleth me to haue ye f hold,
3G20
T) yght As A woman horn here naturall,
A feminine thyng, woman at al houres, To end of my days here terreftriall. By me2 myghtefte haue had huge focoures. 3624 After the hy kyng, full off honoures, Wold haue horn Away the foule of me, When that Fro body departed were fhe,
3628
A fter heried in facred fepulture,
And wrt7i gret honour entered fhold he. Alas ! my fortune now putt Away fure ! In payn, hi wo, in tormentes cruelte Till day of iugement to fe. 3632 By thy-felfen difceiued art in all,
Thou art fro hineffe into lowneffe fall.
you kept your covenant truly.
I should have been a woman at all hours, and. at death, the King of glory would have borne away my soul,
[Fol. 71 &.] and I should have been buried with great honour. Alas ! I must now suffer pain till doomsday.
K1
"no with thys, to you f hall come greuous pine, Ne neuer goodneffe fhal refceiue certain ; 3636 All-way thy dedes fhall go to decline,
Ke neuer fhal he wrought ne made again, And thi land fhal lie, After thi difceffe plain, Parted in partes I heleue fhal he, 3640 Keiier to-geders hold in feueralte,
>y A foule man neuer maintayned he ; Many of your men fhal fall, fir Eaymounde, Neuer it acquire As in certaintc. 3644 Som of thaim fhall lefe both ther land and ground. By fin fors of werre with many A wound, Fro ther dweUyng full fafte fhall thay fle, ISTeuer fhall reforte A-ganc to contre.
B
Thou too shalt suffer pain, thy great deeds shall decline, and thy land, at thy death, shall be divided.
Some of your ! posterity shall lose both land and ground, and never return again home.
See note.
MS. " my.
128
SHE BIDS HIM SLAY HORRIBLE.
Remember thy sous, for I shall be with thee no more ! " Then she draws three barons aside, speaking to all sensibly in an under-tone.
[Fob 72.] " Raymond, it be- hoves thee to beware of Hor- rible. If he live war shall never cease, nor bread nor wine in- crease,
for he shall lay waste all the country. He will destroy all I have made, and bring his brethren to poverty.
Thy sorrow for Geoffrey's deed is needless ; it was a punishment upon the monks for their misdeeds.
It is for that reason they are scorched, exiled, and destroyed.
3648 T)Emembre thy fones, the befeche And pray, J- v For I f hal neuer hold the company, To whome haue hert peteuous and tender ay, I may no langer\Abyde ne tary ! "
3652 Thre ! of the Barons Apart drew haftily Off mofte grettefte, fayng in wyfe pefible As woman full fage And ryght fenfible ;
R
Aymounde, imderftande, horrible thy fone gete
3656 Do hym for to dy, neuer be he found. Off it houith the to entremete, Thre eyes f hal bere he vppon the grottn.de. yff he life, werre neuer f hall faill noftounde 3660 In all the contre off peiters to deuin,
Shall neuer encreffe neithir brede ne win,
11 the contre he fhall wafte, vnderftand, So that no-thyng encreffe f hal ne may. 3664 And all thes places that I gan do make, Diftroy And undo, certes, is no nay ; And hys bretherin to porete put alway, All tham, of trought, and all of the lyne, 3668 Wherefor I you pray, lete hym dy -with pine.
me dole that thou hafte for Gaffray thy fone, That the monkes brende fo difordinaitly, knowith thys, that it was for punic/on 3672 Taken vppon tho of religion hy,
For ther mifgouernaunce wroughten fo dayly, Off our lordes part, for b«t thai do wold Many of thingys that they do ne f hold,
3676 ]VTE ought of ryght ne of refon doo.
-L^ In that place our lord example hath f heAved. Off goddis parte is thai ben fcorched fo,
1 MS. " Thcr ; " but French text, " Trois."
GEOFFREY IS TO REBUILD THE MINSTER.
129
All dede, exiled, And foide diftroyde. 3G80 Many "with lechery haue liyin fore noyed ; Fals monkes, fynners, holdyng at no day Ther ordre ne lif of the faid Abbay.
Iff your fone be dede with thaim orderly, haue ye no routhe, ne of thaim neuer mo. ye know what men fain mofte, lo ! comynly, For A fynner perifh fhall An hundred, lo ! An hundered hath brend, nombred vs unto, 3688 Without the Abbot which nombred is noght, "Which maifter is of thaim, As of refon ought,
r
ff ther were caufe, parcas he myght be. Iff Gaffray tham haue fo deftroed all, 3692 It may be by hym reftored, parde,
A more fairer miniftre fourge 1 and make fhall Then that which he hath caufed fo to fall. This faid Abbay full wel may he reftore 3696 With many mo monkes then were before.
0'
They have banned themselves with lechery.
[Fol. 72 b.] If your son he dead with them, pity him not. A hundred men perish for one sinner's sake. So here 100 died, besides the abbot.
If Geoffrey have destroyed them, he may easily rebuild a fairer minster, and place in it more monks than be- fore.
^ff brought fo he will in ryght good manere, Which then fhall be good peple verily, Prayng for the line witJi myght and powere ; 3700 Which church he fhall welle redyfy ;
The place fhall be to fight more plefantly,
And more better then euer was before ;
Thys Gaffray fhall doo gret goodneife euermore,
3704 "if Ofte fpecially when he comyth to Age. ■ILL But A thing I fhall you declare truly, Ar I me departe fro your compernage, To ende that all therof haue memory
3708 "Which after An hundred yere furely
That yut ben unbore fhall hir fpeke of me ; Off trouth in the air thai men fhall me fee
There shall they pray for our lineage, and the place shall be fairer and better than before.
But, ere I go, I tell you one thing more. In order that men may remember me, they shall see me in the air.
1 MS.
; fourgee." 9
130
MELUSINES PARTING WORDS TO RAYMOND,
[Eol. 73.] I shall be seen whenever the castle is about to change its master; if not in the air, on the earth, or by this fountain.
For, as the castle was baptized after my name, it may be considered as my goddaughter.
m Ar:
Boute the caftell off liifignen fo, Thre dais beforn in the fame yere ryght That the cafftell f hall change hir maifter, lo ! yff in the air men not fe me myght, And that thay mow not perceiue me to fight, 3716 I fhall me Appere vppon the erth playn, Or at the lefte befides this Fontain.
Know thys, Raymonnde, for fo fhall it be, Aff longe As thys faid caftell fhall endure, 3720 For with my name baptifed was fhe, And fuch As it is devifed I fure, My goddoughter I may calle ' hir in vre. Fule wel may it fay Aforn peple All, 3724 And, for Melufine men me do to call,
Three days before the castle changes its lord, I shall certaiuly appear.
L
ufignen named, to name doth calange. yut "will I now fay without tarying, "When that of the lord fhall come j?e efchange, 3728 Thre dais be-forne me fhall be feyng; Certainly I fhall ther be appering. But lofte is now al my folas and efe, Sin fo behouith me it leue and lefe :
Raymond, when first we loved, we had all joy and solace ; but now is our solace turn- ed into vexation.
[Fol. 73 &.] Now is our gi lod fortune tamed to mischance, and our surety is in doubt.
3732 TT^Or now may it be in non other wife.
-*- Raymounde, vnto you then at beginnyng, When ye and I entreloued in louers gife, Al maner plefance we were finding,
3736 Joy And folas As loue And louer hauyng ; Alas ! contrary now fe thys inftance, Our folas torned into gret noyfance,
And in to forow tranfport our gladneffe, Our huge uigour to febleffe this inftance, Our plefire into difplefance expreffe, Our full good fortune into gret mifc[h]ance, ' MS. "called."
AND MOST MOURNFUL LEAVE-TAKING
131
Our vertuous goodnes into curced cliancc ; 3744 In doubte is all our furete to deuife, And our noble And bliffed franc hifo
"s full ftrangely changed into feruice, By peruers fortune labored and founde 3748 Which on reihth, Anothir don brife,
Is iuu urangeiy cnangea into leruice, our freedom is
-r, i> i iTiipi turned to service
by perverse for- tune, and all ow- ing to the jangling
But noght gain our lorde J?«t caufyng nie pis tongoei a mK
ftoimd ; ys only by your dedes, fir Bayinounde, Als by your labbyng tonges iongling, 3752 ye fhall leffe your loue for your large fpeking.
F
"Ow more lenger here may I not to dwell, Fair loue, me behouith hens As for to go. your mifdedis god perdon euerydell, 3756 \Miereof Agayne me ye'haue fo myfdo , For by you fhall fuffer torment And woo, Tiito the dredfull day of Iugement ; — And by the I was fro1 forow ex[e]mpte,
Now must I go. God pardon you for being the cause of my suffering torment."
3760 A nd into yoy entred ! — Alas ! wo I Am, ■*-*- For now Am I cafte into dolorous woo, Fro-whens2 that I iffewed and came !" Such ful fory dole Melufme lad tlio,
3764 That body off huniayn creature, lo !
"Which hir complaint hurd with huge iighes
fore, Ne fhold withold fro weping euermore.
Such grief had Melusine that none that heard her could with- hold from weep- ing.
3768
Raymounde heuily wrang his handes twain, Suchgreuauncetoketho, Almofte gan he dy. So was he take with heuy wurdes plain,
[Fol. 74.]
Bay] id was -<>
grieved at her
words that he could say no word himself. The two
That o foule wurde coude not bryng forth truly, sadly.
She hym Approched enbrafmg fwetly,
1 MS. " for." 2 MS. " For whcns."
9*
132
MELUSINE GIVES HER LAST INSTRUCTIONS,
They both swoon away, ami the barons trow they are both dead and cold.
Recovering from the swoon, they sighed and wrang their hands. All the whole rout who see them, weep.
Raymond entreats Melusine to par- don him, but she says that this can- not be.
3772 To-geders kyffing tlies to Amerous
In o torment ther were both dolorous.
Fvl greuous Anguifli in ther hertes loke, That for heuineffe hoth gan fall to grounde, 3776 zowning ther full long A maner dethis ftroke, Without takyng hreth or wynde any ftounde. The Barons trowing Meluline and Raymou«d That thes louers to were hoth dede and cold ; 3780 For long fpace And tynie fuch wife gan thai hold,
And when fro zowning that thai came Agane, And that thai myght hreth, to figh he-gan fore, To waile, to wepe, to forely complain, 3784 Ther handes wrange And f trained euermore, Non knew the forow by thaim lade and bore. Whereof all thay wepte ftanding ther Aboute With teres many, All the ful hole route.
3788 A nd melufine, to whome was full greuous, -^*- Ryght piteuouf ly f he releued tho. Raymound bir praid, as man generous, Ther knelyng, that f he hym pardon wolde, lo !
3792 Off bir conrtefy, that he hade myfdo ;
Which by gret mifchefe don gain bir hath he. Thys lady hym faide that it myght not bee,
[Fol. 74 &.]
She bids him es- pecially think of Ins son Raynold, for that he should lit Earl of Forest.
379 G
Tit plcafe ne wold the king celeftiall. ■*-*- "But, fairloue! Iyouherebefccheandpray, Thenke on your loue here terreftriall, your fone Fromount in obliuy put ay, And in Raynold loke ye thenke Alway, 3800 For of the foreste Erie f hall he be, lo !
In all goodneffe thenke, And wel f hall ye doo.
The Earl of Forest would soon die.
T
ie Erie of forefte here long f hall not byde In this worlde here After my departfon,
AND LEAPS UP TO THE WINDOW.
133
3804 Alio will thenke for Thierry to prouyde, For yut f hall he l doo thynges manyon. At norif h pappes yut is his peribn ; Fro2 partenay to Eochell the lande f hall iuftice,
3808 An inly good knight fhall he be and wyfe.
lie is also to pro- vide for Thierry, who would after- wards rule the land from Parte- nay to Kochelle.
A]
Nd all which fro hyin linially iffew, Shall be knightes good, hardy, and wurthy, Full of gud corage and of all uertew, 3812 And his linage fhall longe endure truly.
Fair loue, know thys well, that noble Thierry
Wurthy and hardy Alfo fhall he be.
I fhall thenke on you, fwete loue, pray for me
Also Thierry's lineage should he good knights, and long endure. She asks Raymond to pray for her,
381 G
A 11 dais
■II. HAP -m
while lif in worle here haue ye.
for that she would aid him in all his
Off me fhall ye haue both ayde and comfort needs. lie must
bear his adversity
In all your nedes of neceffite.
Off aduerfite en-gree3 take the porte. 3820 Neiier in femine forme to. you fhall reforte, Xeuer fhall ye fe Melufine truly, That fo was wont to bold you company ! " 4
well. She now must go.
3824
Tnnepee flic lepte the feneftre vppon,
Aboue beheld f he uerdures flouref filing ; Without taking hue Away wold not gon, For the Barons, of whom after fhall be fpeking, Off lades, damycelles, knightes beyng, 3828 Scpiiers, And maydens, off all leue toke f he, For whome euery man wepte of pette.
[Fol. 7r,.] She then leaps upon the window, but will not yet depart before she has hidden all farewell.
Af
fterwarde fhe faid, " adieu ! fir Raymounde, "Adieu! SirRay- Whom I fo loued with hert Fyn And plain, my sovereign joy, 3832 Neuer fhall youe fe at no day ne ftounde.
Adieu, my hert ! Adieu, my loue certain
1 MS. "ye." Fr. " II fera." - MS. " For." 3 MS. " engree."
4 At the foot of this page are the catchwords, " innepee f he lepte the."
134
SHE BIDS HIM "ADIEU MANY TIMES.
Adieu ! my sweet nurse, my grace, and noblest de- bonair youngling!
Adieu ! my sugar- sweet sovereign lord! To God I commend you, to keep your sweet life.
[Fol. 75 b] Adieu ! Lusignan ! And adieu, sweet sounds of instru- ments ! "
Thus having said, she leapt out of the window, and so passed away.
She was at once changed wholly
Adieu, creature, my ioy fouerain ! Adieu, myn entire loue mofte gracious ! 3836 Adieu, my gentile Iewell precious !
A dieu, my fwete norif li And noriture ! -*--*- Adieu, my plefaunce And gladneffe worly ! Adieu, full meruelous fwete creature ! 3840 Adieu, my grace ! Adieu, my ioyes hy !
Adieu, what that in worle loue mofte hertly ! Adieu, the mofte good ! Adieu, the mofte faire ! Adieu, the nohleft yongling debonair !
3814
A dieu, the bef te ! Adieu, fwettef te All Aboue ! -*--*- Adieu, my gracyous fpouce of recorde !
Adieu, I fay, myn owne vertuous loue ! Adieu, fuete houf bonde by louis concord ! 3848 Adieu, my fugret fuete fouerain lorde !
Adieu commaunde, my ioy and boldneffe ! Adieu commaunde, your fuete lif to driffe.
38
A dieu, my folas And iewell roiall ! 52 -^*- Adieu commaunde all peple here, fothlefe !
Adieu, lufignen, fourged fair in all ; Adieu, al that which may A lady plefe ! Adieu, the gladneffe, mirthes ioy and efe ! 3856 Adieu, the fuete found of ech Inftrument ! Adieu, I fay, difportes reuerent !
A dieu, wurthiefte ! Adieu, with all honour ! -*--*- Adieu, my fuete loue prented in hert fad
3860 Our lorde the aide And be thi concellour !" Wz't/i-out more fpech A lepe ther f he made, (Seyng the Barons all that ther were had), Thorught A feniftre fo paffed and wend
3864 When of hyr wurdes thys had made an ende.
T
hourgh the feniftre in fuch wife gan fie Melufine without tariing Any.
SHE IS CHANGED IXTO A SEIirENT.
135
In-to A ferpent changed tlio was f he, 3868 Of huge grettneffe and taught was verily, AVherof all were Aftoned ftrongly ; With filuer and Afure ther burled was, Thys fairy womara fuch tail gan purchas,
3872 TYThich prefently was become A ferpent ;
' * Whereof Eaymound bement hir hugely.
Thre tymes the caftell enuironee went ;
At euery tour A ffounde yaf f he hyly, 3876 Wonder meruelous caft fhe vp A cry
Full ftrange vnto liire, And ryght piteuous,
Hyr cry full heuy, wonder dolorous. "
Into a serpent, striped with ar- gent ami azure.
Three times she went round the castle, uplifting a loud cry at every turn.
w
lich I writte is trouth, therof ly no thyng. [Foi. mj 3880 T T She thens forth went, vnto the air gan fie. j^tt? iiienot.
Ther hir loft Eaymound, "Alas!" lowde crying, hista£*ndcu^sea
Ful moche complained And ther wailed he.
Hys heres1 fafte drew, fore hir bement, parde, 3884 Curling the houre that euer he was born,
Eaymound, out fro wit for wo almofte lorn,
r
' Adieu !"he
joy. my goods, and my surety !
"n* hy fhill uois the Barons faid before,
Adieu, my lady, with heres yowlowneffe ! 3 u"stress"niyljn 3888 Adieu, all debonerte for euermore !
Adieu, I £ay you, my fair fuete maiftreffe ! Adieu, my ioy, my grace, And my richeffe ! Adieu, my goodes and all my furete ! 3892 Adieu commaimde, all the difporte of me.
A1
dieu, my iewell ! Adieu, my folas ! Adieu, you fay, my lady precioufe ! Adieu, the fair whilom the prife gan purchas ! 3896 Adieu, my wife ! Adieu, my trew fpoufe ! Adieu, my lady verray gracioufe ! Adieu, I you fay, my full doucet floure ! Adieu, my lady of full gret valoure ! 1 MS. "heree." 2MS. " Iln." 3 MS. " vow lownpfTe.'
Adieu ! my jewel, my sweet flower !
13G
RAYMOND S GREAT LAMENTATION.
Adieu ! fair rose, fair violet !
Adi<
3900 A clieu, fuete throte of foundes clereneffe ! Adieu, fair Eofe ! Adieu, violet l alfo !
Adieu, the tree of louers feithfulneffe !
Adieu, I fay my gentile lady vnto. 3904 Adieu, my glory ! Adieu, my ioy, lo !
Adieu, the fair that fo hath loued me !
My goode days gon, fhall I neuer you fe."
[Fol. 76 6] What shall I now do ? Never had man such sorrow !
T) yght this Eaymounde bewaled and hement 3908 ■*-*> his noble wife, for whom felt dolour,
"Wliich thorugh the Air hir flight tho hent,
Wherefor he hath A fory hert ]jat houre.
"Alas ! " Raymound faid, " wat do fhall or lahour 1 3912 For eertes I haue forow ynow at hert,
Neuer man had at the full fo fmert.
I myself made the ditch wherein I now fall; now am I sadder than any 'ghost' alive."
TlOrwh;
Orwhy f hold I noght he A plain man, fele at hert noyfaunce mondiall 1 3916 Hit to declare good refon if I can,
For the diche haue made wheron now I fall. Now Am I Acurfed, to wo am made thrall, Now I am dolorous And full penfiffe 3920 More then Any gofte felt in his life,"
His barons com- fort him, and bid him bear his bur- den softly.
T)ut ther had he A noble company, J-J Wliich full gentilly gan hym to comforth, And many hym faid And f hewed hertly, 3924 That thay hym wold gladly recomfort, That foftly f hold bere that dolorous port, Many examples to hym exort faid, Caufyng fumwhat leffe hys forow \>at braid.
A baron advises
him to slay llor-
3928 A fter hym faid A fenfible Baron",
-£*- " Of your fon horrible behouith, lo !
1 MS. " violent.
THE BARONS STIFLE HORRIBLE IN A CAVE.
137
To ordain As ordained to be don Melufine, when concell yon gaffe vnto. 3932 Anon J>«t men fliold make hym to deth go, Or perifh he wold the contre and gronnde." "My lordes prefent," ther tham faid Raymounde,
rible, as Melusine suggested.
{( T7~Ou befeche And pray tary noght ne bide 3936 -*- As therof do ye hir commaundnient, So he be dede, I charge not how no tyde." " To plefire, And will do all your entent ; " Thay wold no lenger ther tary, but forth went. 3940 Rayniound, which ftrongly wroth angry was For thys forowfull And mifcheuous cas,
[Fol. 77.] Raymond com- mands them to do so. and they de- part to find him.
w
'ich that ceafon conquered was and gett, As A fory man thens gan he remew, 3944 Into A chambre ther made he retret, hit unf hit entring, the dore after drew, Ther lamentac/on be-gan he of-new In this faid chambre ther, all foide, aloii ; 3948 ~No more of Raymound, but paffe forth andgoii,
Raymond retreats into a chamber alone, and there renews his lament- ation,
0'
|ff the Barons hy fay f hall of contre. Full fenfible were, inly wyfe and fage, Orrible toke by on Alfent and gre, 3952 In A caue hym fhitte w/t/^-out othir damage, Off moifty hay made bring to thys uiage, The fire put w?'t7*-in, fo with fumy fmoke Was the caue Anon full As myght be ftoke.
The barons shut Horrible up in a cave, fill the en- trance with moist hay, and set fire to it,
3956 rphen lofte horrible both breth and power,
T
so that he was soon stifled. Then
Stifled he was Anon with fmoky fume fure. they put him into
a fair bier, and buried him nobly.
After thay hym put into A faire here, Nobly beried, hauing fepulture. 3960 The obfequie ' don And complef bed pure 1 MS. "obfequire."
138
RAYMOND AGAIN LAMENTS HIS ILL FORTUNE.
After the wurdes And noble doctrine, As lored and thaught had good Melufme.
[Fol. 77 6.) They then com- mend him to God, depart, and return to Raymond.
3964
"Centered in church, non for hym can mourn, -*--' After vnto god thay hym commaundyng.
Fro-thens departed without other fogourri ; Again to Baymounde were thay retornyng, Which dolorous wo At hert was feling, 3968 With eyes fore wepte he in mornyng plite, A man can ne may hys fory dole write.
Raymond again laments, saying, " It was all through my cousin that I he- came a forsworn man.
^/["Any tymes ofte, " my fwete loue," fayng, " The haue difceiued And betrayed, lo ! 3972 By the exort of vntrew man makyng, Al this me hath made my colin to doo. I Am by hym fals And als forfworne to, Ful of vice am and of Iniury ; 3976 For ill chaunce me fell unfortunatly
I was unfortunate at hrst, when I slew my sovereign lord; and, second- ly, when I was false to my lady.
A t my firfte gynnyng And commencement, -*--*- "When in the wode my fouerain lord fly. A gretter mifchef neuer men gan hent, 3980 And fithen when me fewed periury Off that I had fworli to my fayr lady, That fo loued, by whom good and honour had, By whom I was fufteyned and lord made ;
False fortune's erne] envy has brought me to this, whereby I have lost all my riches,
3984 T)y whom all goodnes me cam fuffifantly,
-^ By whom, vnder god, lif had and comforth.
But the Fals fortune, by cruel enuy,
Me hath brought to thys full fharpe & hard port,
3988 Wherby ' loffce haue I all my hole difport,
Where like-wife lofte my mirth and gladneffe, Wherby Alfo loft my hole rycheffe ;
1 MS. « Bherbv.
MELUSINE COMES TO THIERRY BY NIGHT.
139
TITherby lofte haue I yoy of eternite ; 3992 » » That is, Melufine the fair fuete wyght ,
"Whom I loued wel, As myfelf, parde, She allwais loued me with hert parfight, And the dede thereof f hewid fhe to ryght. 3996 In time togeders we haue be enfemhle, Where-of of pete my hert doth trimhle ;
[Fol. 78.] and eternal joy. Melusine always loved me ; ray heart trembles with pity.
w
hen I bethenke the trouth and verite, Therof f hold I well haue gret pite, 4000 And fo f hall I haue all the lif of me,
Of whom holdeth he to non end f hall go. I luf better to dy for euermo Then for to fuffer fo greuous A pain 4004 vntill fo be that ende fhall attain.
I had rather die for evermore than suffer so grievous pain.
F
lull cruell pain I haue, but yut fhall not end, My sorrow win
i never end till l
X e yut fhall not ende Al myn llle truly die.
Till I diffynid be, and fro ' the worle wend. 400S Time is for I may no lenger fructefy As in thys worle, neither edefy Thyng but that it goth vnto decline, Rather or later to an endly fine.
4012 T70r Melufine, whom god do warde and kepe, ForsoMehurfne
ri told me." Ray-
-1- Me ther faid full well at hir departfon, mondissoretor
. . ,i inented.
Which cauiith my forow m hert part and lepe. ParceUy, As the heres of eyes don, 40 1G With teres makyng fprancles many on,
Ryght fo is Baymound tormented full fore, Sore wepyng, teres making euermore ;
V
4020 -1-
Or Melufine, the woman off Fary, Which thar-after cam full many A nyght
1 MS. "for."
[Fol. 78 h.] But Melusine rami' often by night into
140
THE NURSES TELL RAYMOND WHAT THEY SEE.
Thierry's cham- ber, and often dressed and fed him. She was often seen by the nurses,
who told Ray- mond of it, to his great joy.
Into the chainbre right full fecrely1 "VVher norifhecl was Terry fuetly to ryght, That fhe Full ofte hyrn raid and dight, 4024 Chaufed, milked, And rechaufed Again. Ther many tymes hy the norifh fain,
But thay durfte noght in no wise vp-rife, Neither o foide wurde to outre or fay, 4028 But vnto ther lord told the maner wife,
Wherof Raymond had full huge ioy alway. In hys hert faid with fofte vois that day, " That yut Melufine hope and truft to haue ; " 4032 Full ill in hys brefte fuch thoughtes gan craue.
Th ierry grew more in one month than other babes in four, but it was due to his mother's nursing.
TTAnifhede is fhe fro hys fyght for ay,
' Remedy non, gold, llluer, ne honour. Thierry cherifhed Amendid Alway, 4036 (Men merueled gretly off it that hour), In a moneth more then other in four. Hys fwet moder on hym fuch wyfe thought, Norifhed witt hir milke And forth full wel brought.
Slie was often, too, in his father's chamber. I must now l<-;ive speak- ing of Raymond,
[Fol. 70.1 and tell you about Geoffrey. Re- memberthatl am
4040 /^\Fte in his fader chambyr fhe was ;
^ To norifh no pappe like moders neuer-mo,
As beforrl is faid, ho many it purchas.
here ceffe I and leue now, ferther will not goo 4044 Off wofull Raymounde And hys fones two,
here thys time not fay vnto your prefence,
But vnto declare will do my diligens
f\ff Gaffray with long toth you outre And fay, 4048 ^ "Where I ly or no, god knowitk An-hy ; I lerned it noght certes at no day • A Her to be founde fhame were outerly. 1 MS. " fecerly."
GEOFFREY COMES TO XORTHUMIIERLAXD.
HI
Gaffray went noglit ouer taryinly, 4052 Thorugh the fe went, ouer pafe rowing, By fors of people fo forth ther failling.
not lying. Geof- frey Bailed swiftly ou.
H
E tho ariued And taried noght and reached
Northumberland,
111 norhelande, fefmg both land and ground, where the giant
made war. The
4056 "Where this Geant were procured and wrought, barons come to
greet him.
And when Gaffray difcended was Jv/t ftound, The Barons bode noght, gain hyrn went hole &
found, Gretteft and wurthieft of the faid contre, 4060 Comyng to hym, w/t/<-out excufed to be.
T
he gret, the meene, the litell, foth to tell, both great and
small. A baron
Approched And cam to hym, gret and teiishimhow
their country was fmall. enthralled by that
fierce, huge, trou- blesome, and proud giant.
A gret Baron then, witty, were, and fell, 4064 Ther hym reherfing the Geant dedes All, Ther liberte lofte, ther contre made thrall With that fers Geant huge and comerous, Horrible, myghty, ftrong, And orgulous.
4068 TX A ioumay, to certefy you all,
-*- An hundered knightes of tliis faid contre Diftroed and {lain, put to deth mortall. So orgulous fette, full of cruelte,
4072 Gret uengaunce gan do to the comynte ; As curfedly fly A thoufand As on, The ffc[r]engeft mortal efchew wold hys perfon.
In one day he slew a hundred knights, and could as sunn slay a thousand as one.
G Affray Anfwered, " then is he a Fend,1 A dredful deuill full of cruelte. But noght-for-that fro hym me will diffende, By me fonly diftroed fhall he be. hys byding place f hewith unto me, 1 MS. "affend."
[Fol. 7!ih. i Geoffrey answer- ed, "Then i> he
a li' ml. but
nevertheless I will soon destroy him. I must find this soldier.
U2
GEOFFREY PROCURES A GUIDE
He shall fare ill ere seven weeks pass. Provide me a guide, that I may see him to discomfit him."
4080 For non othir caufe comyn Am this houre, But only to fynde this faid foudiour,
Which fo goth Ahoute, you fore diftruffand. This knoith uerily, ill fhall he betide 4084 Or wekes feuyn hen paffed to comaunde. Do me vnto take here fom maner gide, To this place and ftede me conuey to ride, So I may hym fe for to difcomfight." 4088 As he defired, Kke gan to hym dight,
Geoffrey takes a debonair guide, and commends himself to God.
A gide hym taken, knowing the contre, ■*--*- With all the places where-to gan repair, Where this Geant was wont dwellyng to he, 4092 hys habitac/on And manc/on fair.
Such A gide hym toke which was dehonare, After hym commaunde to our lordes grace. Gaffray went thens, departing fro pat place.
lie and his guide at last spy the giant under a tree, sitting on a marble stone.
4096 TTE And hys gide Apace forth riding,
-*--*- Till that on full hy thai gan well Auife, Both of tham fafte ther courfers fporing. Then ny approched, Aboute gan deuife.
4100 Vnder A tre fate this Geant hi ftrange wife; On a marhre ftone at that ceafon fatte ; The Gide for gret drede trembled and f watte.
[Fol. 80.] The guide is frightened. Geof- frey laughs at him, and says he has not been mis- led. The guide wishes to be off.
4104
4108
TTE fore Abaifhed, changing his colour. ■*--*- Gaffray it faw, and gan to laugh fad ; After in laughter faide to hys Gidour, As for ryght noght drede and fere he ' hade, For thought fhould not miftrifte god to be
miflad. " Good be in pees," faid to Gaffray the gide, " Behofull is me to uoide and go wide. 1 MS. "the."
TO SHOW HIM WHERE THE GIANT LIVES.
1-43
F
Or all richeffe and gold worly being, as he has shewn
° jo? hjm Gl.imo](l tlle
More nerre wold approche noght this faid giant; and he as-
sures Geoffrey
mo n tain,
4112 ~Ne lenger with yon be here fogernyng, Sin to you haue I fhewed here certain Grimold the Geant moft meruelous plain. Sir Gaffray," he faid, " here this is no iape,
4116 To god you commaunde, me will hens faft fcape."
that remaining there is no jape.
Gc
affray laughed fafte, after to hym faid, For all loues defired and befought, A litell wliile bide liertly hym praid, 4120 That he wold behold what wife that thai fought. " For in litell fpace knowlich fhold be wrought As ho of us to the better fhold haue, And at this iournay ho hym beft can faue."
Geoffrey laughs, and asks hiin to re- main and see the battle, which will be soon decided.
and again begs him to wait
4124 This gide anfwered, " no charge of your bataill, The guide says he
o ° « ' does not care to
vou "ided haue to point, lenger will noght bide ; feei*- Geoffrey
J ° i j o o / laughs sweetly,
yff ye win, no part wil ne to myn auaill. Fro l you will depart, Again wil I ride." 4128 Gaffray therof laughed fuetly that tide,
Then to the gide said, " now vnderftande me, In thys place abide vnto that ye fee
4132
Ho bering hym beft and ho better haue ; That fain And don, torn my men vnto.
"Without Any doubte yut may ye go faue, Our Army dedes declare, all we doo, And al my gouernaunce telling Jhaim alfo." 4136 Then Jiym faid the gide, " do fhall your entent, My lord, I am at your commaundement.
[Fol. 80 6.] till he sees who gets the best of it. He can then re- turn and tell the others. The guide consents,
1 MS. "For."
144
THE GREAT DEEDS OF GKIMOLD THE GIANT.
hut declares he is in great dread, and that if Geof- frey knew the giant as well as he did, he would think twice ahout it.
T\Eliuerly to hym ye procede,
*-* Allured am noght, ne haue hert non bold.
4140 Of verray trouth I haue fuch fere and drede Of this horrible feude, Geant Grimold, That almofte my herte faillith lif to hold, And if ye knew hym lik-wife As I doo,
4144 Auifed wold ye be or to hym wold goo."
But Geoffrey pro- mises that the giant shall die. Now our Lord aid him.
C\ Affray anfwerd,
of hym haue ye no doute ;
Grimokl here fhal dy, no-while fhall endure." But yut Gaffray fhall fynd hym ftoute, 4148 Ful ftrong was Grimold in werly fcomfiture. Our lord Gaffray gyf aid and ' conforture. Nedfull was to hym at that ceafon ryght More then euer had Any other knight,
Grimold had, sins-'ly, slain a thousand or more men. Never was there a worse man seen.
4152 ^yi
'hich fwerd gan bere or garde with Any. For2 A thoufande or mo of contre Grimold the Geant flain had he fowly. Where-for peple had wonderly to fe 4156 huge heuineffe And gret iniquite.
Xeuer wurfe man fain, truly tc rehers, For meruelous was in dedes diuers.
[Fol. 81.] Geoffrey mounts, leaves the valley, and rides up the mountain, leaving the guide below.
Grimold, perceiv- ing Geoffrey, won- ders how one sole
Then Gaffray hafted, A horfebacke ryding, The montain gan take, leuing the ualay, "Which that vppon was A fantain walling, leuing the medew And the playnes ay. Als the gide lefte ther in that place alway ; 41G4 God wold not \nt ill Grimold fhold hym doo, "Which fo was to doubte in euery ftour tho.
C\ Affray on hym toke vp go the montain ; ^ Grimold perceiued it, moch gan he meruaill 1 " werly " is repeated after " and." 2 MS. " Fo."
GRIMOLD SEIZES HIS GIANTS STAFF.
145
41 G8 That 0 foule man greithed hyra to attain, As to that place come hym For to affaill, Sayng hym Avoid hate without any fail! But when in muiing A litell had be,
4172 he faid, "this worthy man cometh to me
man dare come to assail him, but he thinks he must be coming to propose a peace.
HEre, As I beleue, for to trete A pees." Grfmoid says he
shall soon go The path went he up wonder buftefly. down again.
Then he takes in
" Off fine fors," thought he, " mofte fpeke, not bis hands a huge tonge lefe,
4176 Such on entreth vp, don fhall haftily." A huge leuer toke in handes plainly, To fight femyng noght no body humain. hym vrith for to aide, this leuer fhoke plain
4180 Tn fuch maner wife As man A ftaf wold, JL Or A lytell body of fixe or fef l yere age, And better then, I fay, feff 2 tymes fold As a proper ftaf to walk in viage.
4184 For the which after his ftrenght & corage, Eyght noght is to fyght witMay again, But that the ftafe3 was more then Any fain,
which he uses as a staff, or as a little child would a stick. Without gainsaying, the staff was huge,
Which lightly ne wold to bow ne aply. yut it behouith that A ftaf ply f hold To the pley of fuch at fom tyme truly, When in his handes this ftafe gan to hold. Seing that Gaffray towarde hym come Avoid, 4192 In fhill hautain uois toke hym loAvde to cry, " Iioav comeft thou now me As to diffy 1
[Fob 81 6] and could not easily be bent. Seeing Geoffrey coining, he cries aloud, " How comeatthou here?
"W
hat art thou, fay mc, what goft thou to Thou shait have
feke?
Off deth no waxant neuer f halt thou hane." 4196 Gaffray anon An anfAvere oute gan breke,
1 MS. " of fef." - MS. " feff." aMS. " ftafte." 10
no warrant fn im
death." Geoffrey
answers, "Ribald,
146
GRIMOLD THE GIANT IS OVERTHROWN,
look that thou save thyself ; I shall smite off thy head."
Grimold, hearing this, hegan to laugh, and ironi- cally asks Geof- frey to spare his life. But Geoffrey sternly replies,
" Therof f hall the werfi ; Rebaude, lolce the
faue ; For to fcomfite the fouly I the craue. Off thi hed f hall finite ; dy f halt thou by me 4200 Mortally Anon, now here diffynde the,
The unto warawt, certes, thou ne may. " Grymold, tins hiring, to[ke] ' hym to laugh tho. Ther hym faid Grymold, " you befeche and
Pray, 4204 Fair fir, faue my life, lete me on-lif go, Taking this peple to ranfon alfo ! " Geffray vnderftode, " cherle ! " faid haftily, " Scorneft thou with me 1 certes thou f halt dy I
that he trusts to rend his head to the teeth. Geof- frey hraces on his ' shield, and shakes his spear, being no coward.
4208 "1 JEre lo ! fhalt thou dy ; I limite thi place, -*-*- ]STeuer Ranfon take f hall I to thy charge ; But don to the teeth the f hall rent by grace." Ther had was A place, inly gret And large.
4212 Gaffray that tyme, enbrafmg fluid and targe, By malice And wreth his fpere Fafte he f hoke, his courfere fpored, no fentife on hym toke,
[Fol. 82.] Riding straight at the giant, he deals him such a blow that only his steel hauberk saved him.
^Or noble loos And proweffe to acquire. 4216 ■*- With the Forhed plain gain hym went, & fmote Enmyddes the breft under the pappe with yre. Such A ftroke hym dalt ther vppon bys cote, ]SFe had the hauberke final mail be, god wote, 4220 Als hys breft of ftile, ille hym hade come fure ; For Grimold ther was at ille auenture.
Grimold fell on the ground,
N
Oght-for-that yut vppon the hard ground Tombled Grimold enmeddes the mountain, 1 Fr. text, " si prcnt a rire."
AND BEGS GEOFFREY TO TELL HIM HIS NAME.
117
4224 hys legges reifed up au-hy that ftound, throwing up his
M _ legs. But soon he
\\ hev-witih Grimokl was ftrongly greued plain, gotupagain, while
. Geoffrey alights
i nil wightly tho releuocl liym fertain, In hys hert gan fele full dolorous woo. 4228 That Gaffray this faw, ther difcendcd tho
T
mat hys hors fhold noght myfcheuoully lie, As vnder hym to mortall deth noght caffc. Grimold the Geant, lenger bode noght he, 4232 But vp hym Reifed, Gaffray beheld fafte1 ; So but litell faw hym don to thrafte, Als in fo litell body fuch uertew, Ther hym demaunding, " what art thou1? faytrew,
that his horse may not be killed un- tlerhim. Grimold looks at Geoffrey, and in wonder asks his name.
4236
That fuch a ftroke me toke 1 neuer felt fuch on, He says he never My lemys fo caft vp ; yut know I noght the
Wherahens thou art, ne what is thy perfon. But off the me uenge f hamed f hall I be ; 4240 And yut, fo I am ; but yut, fay thou me, What thou art me fay, I the here require ; No gent ill knyght art but graunt my defire."
threw his limbs up like that be- fore, yet he is ashamed to re- venge himself, aud again asks his name.
/^ Affray Anfwerd to [t]hys baculere,-
[Fol. 82 6.]
am Geoffrey of Lusignan, Melu- siue's son."
4244 U « My name wil not hide by ryght non gfSSE^i engine,
Gaffray witfi the gret toth named am awhere,
In many contres know the name of myne ;
For I Am Gaffray, fone to Melufme, 4248 Off lufignen borne of pat good lady,
And of lufignen, know thou wel, am I."
w
hen thys had fpoken vnto hym Gaffray, The Geant hym faid, " I know the full well j j*at '
The giant says lat he knows in now, for that
4252 Full moch haue I hurd fpokyn of the aday, And of thy gret proAveife eueridell.
1 MS. " fafte."
MS. " baiulere."
10*
148
TERRIBLE DUEL BETWEEN GEOFFREY
he had slain Gue- don his cousin, fur which he will now pay him off.
The giant thought
he was speaking truth, but he was nearer lying. Geoffrey tells him that desire of re- venge will increase his hurt.
The giant strikes at Geoffrey with his lever, but Geoffrey blenches, and the lever makes a great hole in the rock.
Guedon thou flyeft, my cofyn', foth to tell, In guerrande lande ; thy guerdon for to haue, 4256 To this place ert come it to fpeke and craue.
ff
it fhalt thou haue hy fors of myghty were, For of that fhall I here now take ven- gance." he trowed fay trouth, but lied more nerre. 42G0 Gaffray hym faid, " trowyng tliis inftance,
Such fuppoffe to uenge ther huge f hame per-
fchance, "Which ofte creffith hurt, men may wel it fe, In fondry places conceyued may be."
4264 rphys cruell Geant ne myght hym w/t/?.hold
-*- When fo hym faw fcorn, his leuer haufed hy, Gaffray to fmite trowyng tho he f hold. Apart Gaffray uoided full warly,
4268 Somwhat blent, the ftroke fo forth paffyng by, With hym noght mette; the leuer don to ground Wit^-in the Roche made A grett depe trowe pat ftounde ;
[Fol. 83.] It tears the rock a foot deep. Geoffrey lends the giant a stroke on the elbow.
The grass round about becomes red. The giant .,',iiii raises Ins lever.
4272
TTlor it throwen was wonder buftefly, -*- And with fuch rudeffe gan it to difcend, That A plain fote large the roche tare ftrangely. Gaffray hys fwerd drew hym for to diffend, On tlic elbow ' the Geant fmote at end, 4276 Such a ftroke hym lent, to full huge maruell, That of the hauberk brek many a maill ■
TT^vll litell fauted, fouled had noght be. -*- The vermail blode doil ryn wonderly, 4280 The herbes Aboute becam2 red to fe.
This fers Geant tho to Gaffray cam wightly, WitJi full malice yre And cruell enuy 1 MS. " ellow." - MS. " bccan."
AND THE GREAT GIANT GRI.MOLD.
14 9
The gret leuer reifed vp and hy brought ; 4284 Full heuy was, hut it greuyd hym noght ;
G'
Affray thought finite, hut he uoyded place. Geoffrey again
blenches, and tho
Ther the ftroke fill don thro foote in-to stroke tears the
ground three feet gl'OUUde, deep, so that the
giant rinds his
So in harde roehe fmote he thor apace ; ami stunned and
his lever broken.
4288 Whereof the Geant was full wroth that ftounde. With that ftroke his arme Aftoned tho founde, And thys faid leuer to-rent thorughly, And Amidward broken outerly ;
4292
2 W:
ierof Gaffray thankes to godd yilding
Then Geoffrey shows his
Ther Gaffray hym fmot with hys fwerd strength, and
smites the giant a full fafte, grievous stroke on
Hys grett ftrenght And tors ther manly f hewing,
An-hy hym fmoth vppon the fcul in hafte, 4296 The Geant with that ftroke Almofte doii cafte ; To whome fat ftripe was greuous manyfold. For forow And wo An-hy hys hand gan hold,
G
A Bray forthwith fmote vppon the lied an-hy ; IF°i- 83 &J
J rr J ' Next the giant
4300 ^ Off that greuous ftroke Gaffray greued fore, smites Geoffrey on
° J ° tin- head, hut
The Geant his fufte lete to fie ftrongly ; Gaffray with his fwerd fmote hym euermore, To whom belonged fight in knightly lore, 4304 Vppon hys fhuldre A ftroke gaffe of meruell That he rent and brak both hauberke & maill
Geoffrey returns
him a marvellous stroke on the shoulder, which rends both hau- berk and mail.
>lain pawme of hande the fwerde made entre ; The giant> seVere- Tlie fanguine blode don ran the belay,
4308 Anon all made purpurat rude to fe.
Thys Geant, of whom we declare and fay, hys goddys ' corfed, hys goddys gan renay, Enleffe thei2 wold gif hym Aid3 or focour,
4312 Both Margot, polin, Bernagant that houre, 1 MS. " ffoodys." 2 MS. " ther." 3 MS. " And."
curses his gods
and abjures thi m,
both -Magot,
Apolin, and l\r-
nagant.*
[* Stein Fr.text.]
150
GEOFFREY AND THE GIANT WRESTLE TOGETHER.
But his great wailing was use- less. Geoffrey will conquer at last, but will have much trouble first.
Ahounde, Iupiter, And als other mo ; hym-felfen bement forily expreffe. But for ryglit noght was his gret waling tho ; 4316 But Gaffray at end his wil fhal redreffe, Noght only anon but er ]>at he ceffe. But yut f hall he haue I-now anguiffe grete, Er the victory be conquere[d] and gette.1
The giant leaps at Geoffrey, and grips him fast by the reins, and they wrestle to- gether.
4320 rphe Geant faw come towarde hym Gaffray, -"- Adrad, afferd of hym was gretly. Anon forth lepte, enbranng hym alway, Teryng, draAvyng here and there befily,
4324 As he which was takyn curhdly.
Gaffray gripte he there fafte by the raynes, Ech of thaim both fuffryng there hug paynes
[Fol. 84.] They hurtle, beat, and pull each other till they at' last separate, and then Geoffrey smites him on the haunch
That thay almoft lofte ther breth outerly. Strongly went Aboute, fo faft hurteling ; II to-geders went As were egally, Such wyfe hurteling, beting, and drawyng That fro other fondred efcaping. 4332 Atwixfte thaim yeuen many ftrokis tho,
And Gaffray hym fmote vppon the handle fo
with a knife which he held in his sleeve, piercing through bis coat
of mail. The giant flees for his life.
Wyth A coftile which in hys fleffe gan hold, that his Iefferon failed and breke to, 43 3G Thorewly paffyng the coftile-yre cold ; Ilaftily the blode lepte out and ran tho. The Geant bakwarde lepyng Gaffray fro, Thcr-thens fpedfuily takyng the montain. 4340 Gaffray liafted after, hym to attain,
The giant enters
a chine of the
TO take leue of hym, but fafte he gan fie; In litell time and fpace ferre was he thens. In A chine of the Eoch made he entry, 1 Sec line 3192.
THE GIANT FLEES INTO THE CAVE.
151
4344 For gret doubte had of Gaffrayes uiolens. Gaffray fory tliat uoided was ther-hens, Thys cruell Geant whom he fo had lofte, To hys courfere cam, lepte vp, made no bofte,
rock, being greatly afraid. Geoffrey mourns that he has lost him,
4348 rriO hys gide went, declaryng hym and told,
T
Imt returns to his guide, and tells
Fro worde to worde, All thar werke indede, him all the story.
The guide man-els
like As thay had don ; And how this Geant hold strongly,
Thens into a cane ' fled for fere and drede, 4352 Within the quike roche for all hys manlyhed. The gide vnto hym approched full ny, Which there wondred and merueled ftronglv,
H
Ow that Gaffray had fuch hug hardineffe. [Foi. 84 b.]
beholding how
4356 J-L Hys2 helme wafted fore, rent And broken Geoffreys helm
was broken, and all how full his hau-
berk was of holes. He compliments Geoffrey.
And hys liauberke difma[i]lled all expreffe,
In many places holes gret And fmall.
The gide faid, " fo god me aid eternall,
4360 I perceiue full well And ryght certanly,
That Gaffray is full of proweffe and hardy."
c
tOmyng thay faw of peple gret fufion, Many nobles with other of contre, 4364 As fone As the dede vnderftode Anon, Demaundyng fuetly of Gaffray the fre Wat was his name ? and thaim declared he. And after thay had demaunded hys name, 4368 Then whens he was, off wat renon & fame,
Many nobles ap- proach, and ask Geoffrey his name,
and whence he came.
A:
nd that to tham Avoid the verray trouth fay, One of the barons
addresses him,
(For fain wold thay know, And he all tham told), On of the Barons then faid, " lord, you pray,
1 MS. " came," altered to " cauee."
2 MS. " Ink"
152
STORY OF THE ENCHANTED MOUNTAIN
and tells him the giant will not re- turn to fight him for any worldly wealth,
4372 here vnderftandeth. what you fhall vnfold ; Be ye in certain, for all worly gold Tliys cruel Geant, (that god hym confound !) Again you will noght retorn at no ftound,
for that he knows he is predestined to die by Geof- frey's hand. Geoffrey declares he will never de- part till he finds him.
4376 T\7E1 knowen is hym he fhuld nought efcape ' " Fro your handes twain, yf he were in hold ; That his mortall deth labour wold and f hape, For fo is hym predeftinat ' of old."
4380 " By the Trynite," faid Gaifray the bold, " Fro contre fhall I neuer, lo ! departe Till that I hym finde by fom maner art."
[Fol. 85.] One of the barons tells him that the mountain is enchanted, and that the noble Helmas, king of Albany, was en- closed therein with his three daughters,
" II ly lorde," faid on of thaim, " beth noght -^"J- in doute; 4384 This montain wheron this Geant is truly
Full of the fairy is it all aboute.
The noble helmas, king of Albany,
"WVt/j hys doughtres thre ther was verily 4388 Fnclofed with-in, nawhere myght iifew,
By fuch werkes wroughten incongrew,
because he had wilfully beheld their mother in child-bed, after distinctly promis- ing he would not do so.
FOr that there moder, the lady prefine, lying in gefian wilfully had fain; 4392 Which hym diffended that by non engine,
Vppon this diffence that f he hym made plain. JSToght-withftandyng went to fe hir dedes folain, Which therof with hir made had couenaunt 4396 Goyng ne comyng to hir wold noght haunt,
She had at that time three fair daughters. This fair lady's name was Presine, and
A s toward hyr whyle in gefian lay; -*-*- Wher if fo gan do, at end mifchef fhold. "With doughtres fair in lay f he that day, 4400 Thys ioly lady, prefine, to behold,
Doughtres thre had childed and vnfold.
'MS. "perdeftinat."
KING HELM AS AXD THE LADY PRESINE.
153
In '1 mas forfworn, periured, and conierd to, The couenaunt hold with prefine made tho
Helmas had made her the above pro- mise ;
4404 TjlOr-foth he failled; wherthorugh lie loft -*- Prefme hys lady, As after fhall hyre; hyt declare And1 tell fhall my werfom goft. With thes doughters thre he clofed entire,
4408 For ther moder loft, the foth to acquire.
In this hy montain f hitte up were thay tho, Neuer was knowen to what place were goo.
but he failed to keep it, and he and his three daughters were enclosed in the mountain.
FOr-fothe hennas neuer iflued oute; Ther were thay f hitte vp fro Jwt heder-to. But in this montain, w/t/iout any doute, hath euer nth be an hug Geant, loo ! "Wardain, with meruelous ouercomyng fo 4416 That men ne durft noght it to approche ny. Tyll your coniyng now no man fain truly,
[Fol. 85 6.] Ever since a huge giant had been their warden, and (till Geoffrey's coming) there had never been a man
B'
Kit that this Geant put to deth mortall; So was he myghty and meruelous ftronge. 4420. This contre hath he put to mifchef all,
whom the giant had not slain when they fought together. All of them had been
Our kyng which we hild mofte chefe vs Among Grimoidthegiant.
litell hath fro hym deffended our wrong. To grimold vs hath of Fors made yilding, 4424 Euermore ilthen that helmas our king
r
"Xto fuch felowfhip was put and cafte. Thys Grymold is the flfte Geant found, The fixte, or the fefth of thaim hath he last, 4428 "Wafting thys contre both the lande and ground, To All men making wcrre full habound Ynto the time of your blefled comyng, The which ben welcome to vs here beyng."
Qrimold was the
fifth, Ilie sixth, or perhaps the seventh of these wardens who had made war abound to all men.
'MS. "Ant."
151
GEOFFREY RE-SEEKS THE CAVE,
When Geoffrey heard the news, lie took an oath that he would die as a recreant or else discomfit the giant.
1432 TTThen that Gaffray hurd tlies new nouels told, ' ' Full good and fair bene tlies tydinges truly.
Ther A gret oth made As man inly bold,
Aforn thaim prefent to all openly, 4136 That he wold be dede ful recreantly
Or difcomfite wold this cruell Geant;
He doubted no-thyng, the man fo pufant.
[Fol. 86.] Next day Geoffrey leapt on his courser, and went up the mountain spurring him nimbly.
The night paffed, the fair day appering, Aforne thes Barons full twenty and mo Gaffray wightly on hys courfere leping, The Geant neuer doubted for no avo. leue toke, after went vp the montain tho ; 1111 Full gret pain he had to go vp andiy;
Hys courfere fporing that ceafon wightly,
Perceiving the hole in the rock where the giant entered, he de- scended and look- ed in ;
That to the Eoche cam, fo fpored and fmote. Tournyng enuyron, the hole perceyuinge, 1118 Auifed and knew, well gan it to note
That thys huge Geant ther had made entring. Fro hys courfere don Ano« ther leping, A-foote difcended, in-warde gan behold. 1152 But to fee wit7an ne myght noght be1 told ;
hut saw no more than he would in an oven. " I won- der," says he, " how he got in, seeing he is so wondrously ' cor- poral,' much more than I am.
NO thyng he faw more then in a buen he. Gaffray tho faid, " Aftoned am in all Wherby the Geant now here paffed be, 1156 Sin bat gret thikko is, wonder corporall, Moche more then I am fourged perfonall. I knaw well that here or there entre made, Noght that way, but this, ran he full fad.
See here the cave. This is the great rock wherein the
1160 QE here now the place where he made entre, ^ Se here now the cane, without Any doute, Where thys Geant entred in to fe; 1 MS. "he."
AND RESOLUTELY VENTURES INSIDE IT. 105
Thys is the gret Roche openly all-outc, ™ve is hewn, and
it is big enough
4464 "Where grene graffe hath noii growing there i^ide.
Aboute. The caue was hewin w/t/dn large and hrode So As he my ght ren w/t/nout any bode.
F'
\Ov he was full huge, moche gretter then I I*"01- 86 M
Whatever hap- aine. pens, I will seek
him inside." So
4468 But, fo mem crift me warde fro noifaunce, he enters the cave.
Whatfomeuer approch me of grame,
Me wil not withold by no gouernaunce
But hym here withm will feke J?is inftaunce." 4472 Entre made he tho ther in-to the grounde,
For-foth ther w/t/dn thought feke hym that ftounde.
I
ff that he be there, truly f hall hym fynd. SRSSif
The fpere lete don, ren the hed, be-forn lete SSuSfSd
„ . follows it, clench-
o°° t ing his teeth.
4476 After ny fewed, derkly, As man blynd. ^botto^!" *°
Put hys feet before, noght drad, in went tho, Shittyng vp hys mouth with hys teeth alfo. Adon the fpere lowe aualed he,
4480 Till he cam vnto the botme and entre.
When at the botme was, hee gan take hys ms spear being of a hard wood, such fpere ; as could not be
broken, he seizes
Off An herd wode was, breke ' wold not loth- it near the head,
leffe; Man better timbre neuer faw nawhere, 4484 Tor broken wold, ne had be good erpreffe ; Inly good it was, to no breche gan dreffe. Ny the hed the fpere gan he take full preft, And forth went apas, lenger wold not reft.
i MS. "bbreke."
and goes on.
156
GEOFFREY FIXDS THE TOMB OF KING HELMAS.
pushing it always before him, test- ing the way. At last he arrives at a fair chamber.
4488 A fter, Aferrome faw he hug clerneffe,
-*--*- When a litell while forth ther he had go. The fpere euermore Aforne hym gan dreffe In taftyng the way, vntill that he tho
4492 Ariued and cam A fair place vnto,
Where A chamhre founde full fair wroght &
well, There fourp-ed and made was it of nouell.1
[Fol. 87.] It was carved in the rock, with no place of egress, and was full of all kinds of riches.
449G
She myght in no Avife, lo ! more fairer he. In ryght fide And lifte wrought hy good
auife ; Coruen in the roche full frefhly was fhe ; Hut o going oute perceiue myght no wife. Ryght fair it was And gentile to deuife, 4500 The rycheffe gret prife, hard to attain,
That in this chamhre had was tho and fain.
It was adorned with pure gold and rich jewels. In the midst was a tomb, supported on six pillars of fine gold.
Qhe2 All he-tan was with fine pured gold
^ Fidl of riche perrey, made3 to gret maiftry.
4504 Enmyddes A tomhe of this chamhre told. Thys tombe fette vppon fixe pilours hy Off fyne maffe gold, with perles many, A man fhold not finde nawhere more fine ;
4508 Precyous rich were, of huge medicine.
Above it was a king, well formed of chalcedony, and
beside him a fair lady of alabaster.
A hove was had A knightly armed kyng, -^*- Off caffedony will formed and made. Vppon this faid tomhe was he ther ligging, 4512 Eefplendifing fair in this chamhre fprad. Ioynant ny ther-to A fair lady had, Being in eftat (who beheld with ey) Off Alabaftre was this noble lady.
1 Ilere follows the catchword — " fhe myght in no wife." 2 MS. Sfhe." 3 MS. "perreymade."
THE CONTENTS OF THE TABLET ON THE TOMB.
157
4516 rTlO eonftantinoble fro-thens is no faill,
J- Xe niyght yinage finde with it to compare.
Off this full ftrange fight Gaffray gan meruell,
An huge tablet this fair lady bar 4520 In hir handes twain all this to declare,
Eefembling to be fourged all of-new.
In this tablet wrete As here fhall enfew.
Geoffrey marvels at this, but ob- serves a tablet which the lady bare in her hands, on which was written the fol- lowing :
Hf
"er1 light fir helmas, the full noble king, 4524 U- Which me hath lofte by hys gret deray
Wherof I was And had huge eftonyng.
Thys noble kyng was full Amerous ay ;
Couenaunt me had, er fpoufed were Alway, 4528 That neuer day, whiles he gan endure,
The time that I in Gefian ly fine,
H]
"E fhidd noght enquere by no maner way Off my dedes, neither no wife me fe, 4532 Towardes me noght come ne go no day, Till ceafon And time I reifed fhold be. Tho it fel and cam, of my belay tine Full faire doughtres had in this fame yere, 4536 "Which right gracyous And full hable were.
[Fol. 87 b.] " Here lieth Sir Helmas the king, who promised me ere we were wed- ded that, whilst I lay in child-bed.
he would never inquire about me, nor see me, till I was recovered. Then it befell that I had three fail- daughters at once.
H]
"Elmas fo gan do that he me gan fe In fuch wife As I in my childbed lay. Anon ther fro hym I uanifhed me, 4540 Such wife departed and thens fly my way ; Keuer kneAv what part went I my iournay ; And my doughtres thre forth with me lad, Al thaim norifhed vnto gret age had,
and Helmas con- trived to see me ; whereupon I vanished and took my daughters with me, and brought them up.
4544
F
When they were
Yll well amended And right well gan growe. With my mylke tham fed, and milked all tohlthemhVwi thre ; After thaim told, when fiftene yercs gan owe, 1 MS. "Hker."
158
OF THE LADY PRESINE S THREE DAUGHTERS,
had lost their father. The eldest, Melusine, was very vexed about it.
The maner how I lofte ther fader fre. 4548 In1 Auoblon the fairy contre,
The eldefte of birth, maried f he was, Melufine called in euery plas.
[Fol. 88 being lost, its place is
[With her two sisters, as was right, ">
they talked over every circumstance,
and told me, who was their mother,
they wished to avenge me on their father.
The three daughters agreed
to bring a fate upon their father,
to avenge me of the great misdeed
that he had foolishly done against me.
To this they all assented,
and enclosed within the mountain
Helmas, who was their father,
and who had broken his promise.
When he died, I buried him
beneath this tomb, and enclosed him there,
and caused this tomb to be thus made,
thus sculptured and painted.
Thereon I caused my likeness to be put
that there might be remembrance of it
in him who should read the tablet.
For never should man enter here
except he were of the lineage
(in Avalon and the fairy-country)
of my three daughters, of whom
you may hear tell when you will.
I bade the giants to watch,
from the hour I set them there,
that none should enter by this passage
except he were sprung of our line.
I provided gifts for my daughters.
here supplied from the French text, beginning on Fol. 103 A.]
[A fes deulx feitrs, felon Raifon,
Compterent toute la chaifon,
Et dirent moy, que fuis leur mere,
Me vouldroient vengier de leur pere.
Les trois filles furent daccort
De Iecter fur leur pere vng fort,
Pour me vengier du grant meffait
Que par folie euft vers moy fait.
A ce toutes fegfentirent,2
Et dedens le mont enclouirent
Helmas, qui leur pere eftoit,
Et qui menty fa foy auoit.
Quant II fut mort, le lenterray
Soubz cefte tombe, & enferray,
Et fiz cefte tombe ainn faire,
Ainfi figurer & pourtra[i]re ;
Deffus fiz mectre ma femblance,
Affin quil en fuft Kamembrarece
A cellui qui le tableau lyroit ;
Car ceans homme nentreroit,
Sil neftoit de la lignie
En avolon et en fairie
De mes trois filles, dont pourrez
Oyr parler quant vous vouldrez.
Les geans a garder commis,
De celle heure que cy la mis,
Que nul entraft en ce paffaige
Sil neftoit yffu du liguaige.
Ie ordonnay dons a mes filles
1 In the margin, " Auoblon y< ' fayre cowtreP
'■ faffentirent (?)
MELUSINE THE ELDEST, MELIOR,
159
Qui gentes furcnt & abilles ;
A mellufine la maifnee,
Qui moult eftoit faige & fenee,
le luy donne don a fa vie,
Depar lordre de faerie,
Tant que le fiecle dureroit,
Le fempuiedi ferpent feroit ;
Et qui la vouldroit efpoufer,
Delle ne deuoit addreffer
Ce lour, mais foy garder moult bien,
Quelle part quel fuft, fur toute Rien ;
Que en cil eftoit ne la veift,
Ne qua nulluy ne le dift.
Et qui celle Regie fuiroit,
Mellufine toudis vinroit
Ainfi comme fennne mortelle,
Et poure fennne naturelle ;
Euis mouroit naturelment,
Comme les autres proprcmewt.
Melior, la fille moyenne,
Qui tant fut belle creftiem&e,
Vng don ltd donne de faerie,
Bien eft Eaifon que le vous die.
En vng cbafteau fort & maflis,
Qui en arnienye eft affis,
Voire, en grant la arrnenye,
le luy ordonnay que fa vie
Tendroit leans vng efpriuer ;]
Where it f hall behoue nightes to wacche thre [Foi. 89.] Wlioever wishes As ho which off hir demaunde A yifte to ask a boon of
her must watch "Wold, there three nitrht.^.
and he shall have
And what he defire I-graunted fhall be ; it; but he must
Tii ,1 i not ask for he r-
The firfte demaunde demaundith ther naue sei/.
fhold. But not hir body dehre haue ne holde ; 4612 Off it Melior loke he noght require, Neither by no meene hir not defire.
who were beautiful and fair :
to Melusine, the eldest,
who was very wise and prudent,
I give her a gift for life
(according to the order of fairies),
that, as long as her life lasted,
she should be a serpent every Saturday ;
and, whoever would marry her,
must not approach her
on that day, but take good heed,
wherever he was, and in every thing.
He must not see what she then was,
nor tell anybody of it.
And, whoever followed this rule,
to him would Melusine always come
just like a mortal woman,
as women naturally do.
Then should she die naturally,
and as others usually do.
To Melior, the second daughter,
who was so fair a creature,
I give a fairy-gift,
and 'tis well that I should tell you what.
In a castle strong and massive,
which is situate in Armenia,
(in great Armenia, verily,)
I bade her that, during her life,
she should keep a sparrow-hawk there ;
160
AND PALESTINE THE YOUNGEST.
But if he yield to somnolency, he shall be her pri- soner for ever. Such is the gift I give her.
NO knight wake ne ihold but of kye birth were ; And ho-fo do flepe in tho nightes thre 4616 (Wher lytell or moche) in fampnolence there, Alway perpetual! there abide fhall he In the paleis with melior the fre As prifonere in prifon alway : 4620 Such gifte I hir giffe As this tyme dyfplay.
Palestine, the youngest, shall have this destiny : she shall dwell in a very high mountain, where men's hearts fail them,
T) Alatine ' the yongefte fufter tho was, J- So named and called was at that day To whom I defteined to purchas 4624 Such A maner gyfte As I you fhall fay : That in coinqs2 the hy montain ay, Where failled hert haue men full many, Enfuffering Ml ofte ryglit gret mifery,
and shall there guard her father's treasure, till a knight of our lineage comes and takes it by force, and afterwards conquers Pales- tine, the land of promise.
4628 richer to warde and kepe hir faders trefoure ; -■- Enduryng hir life, in that place to be, Till fom approche and come, of linage our, To that hy montain by fors and ftrenght he
4632 To afcende an-hye Aboue the hill to fee,
The trefour cafte oute, and after fhall conquere The lande of promimon by hys powere.
[Fol. 89 6.] This mountain is situated in Arra- fton.
Thus Presiue avenged herself on her three daughters,
Tho was the nionte of whom we fpeke and fay 4636 Sette in Arrigon of troutli verily,3
"Which that is a thing knowen well be may. This prefme to hyr doughters thre furely, \Vhich were Ml liable and ryght faire to ey, 4640 On thaim the moder auenged that brayd, By the maner that Aboue is faide,
1 The A being indistinct, it looks like " Prllatine ; " see 1. 5049.
2 Very indistinct.
3 In the margin — Palestine yn a cast ell yn aragon.
GEOFFREY SEARCHES FOR GRIMOLD.
161
F
^Or ther fadei' hclmas king of renon, That thay enclofyd by ther wrong derain 4 '34 4 With-in the montain ther of Aualon ; Fur by my faith I loued bat fouerain, how-be-it b«t he mifdede me Again ; Off feith and of tronth I loued hym hertly 4648 With all the fprites of my body."
Because they shut up their father Helmas in the mountain in Ava- lon. For I (Pre- sine) loved him heartily though he sinned against me."
R
yght thus was And went the fcripture faing ; Such was the
writing on the
And when Gaffray, uaillaut man and tablet. After
reading it Geoffrey
wurthy, Had ra Lie thys tablet, he moch meruelling ; 4652 But yut he knew noght uerray certainly, But fantred and doubted uerryly Wher on was or no of this faide linage. Fro-thens went Gaffray with full fers corage,
4656 Tnly fafte cerching als both low and hy,
greatly wondered whether he was of Presine's lineage or not.
I
Passing thence he searches for
Where that Grimold in Any place finde Grimoid every- where, and at last sees a fair field with a tower in it.
So thens departed paifyng ouer lightly.
myght ;
Al the wais toke and fought thys huge wight, 4660 Grimold myght not fynde no of hym haue
fygbt-
Streight Aforn hym A fair feld gan behold, Ther perceyuyng A fquare tour, A ftrong hold.
rTlhe gate faw open, the barreres ' undo ; 4664 -*- Into the hous Gaffray went Anon, . . Stilly And bigly his fpere holdyng tho.
In a gret latife be-held manyon,
Al prifoneres where in warde thai echon. 4668 Of hym wondred And merueled ftrongly,
And on of thaim faid, " go hens ful quikly !
I
Concell you," faid, " depart hens Anon That this huge Geant in no wife you fe ;
[Fol. 90.] The gate being open he enters and sees a number of prisoners be- hind a great lat- tice ; they warn him off,
lest the giant should destroy
i MS." barrores." 11
162
GEOFFREY PERCEIVES GRIMOLD, PURSUES HIM,
him. But he
laughs, and asks where the giant can be found.
4672 Or in-to fom hole go, uoyding his perfon, Or with the Geant diftroed fhall ye be ! " Gaffray laughed ; after demaunded he, Which on his necke bare A fpere full grete,
4676 Iff that the Geant he niyght funde or gette,
for he is come to fight Mm. One of the prisoners again warns him to go, but Geoff- rey tells him not to fear,
as he can tight the giant alone. Just then the giant came up, and, perceiving Geoff- ley, fled into a chamber hastily,
[Fol. 80 b.] and drew the door after him. But Geoffrey fol- lows, and bursts the door open with a kick, and enters.
The giant smites Geoffrey with a mallet, and would have slain him
TTfith hym thought to fight, hys ' ' uerily.
purpos
On of thaim hym faid, " fe hym fhall Anon, And I beleue ye will it fore aby 4680 iff he you fe, for ftroug is of perfon ;
To deth will you put forfothe er ye gon." Gaffray to hym faid, "my ryght full fuete
frende, haue ye no drede but of your felfe at end ;
4684 A lone fhall I here the ftrokes And dedes, -^*- For Alone I haue take this entreprife." yn the fame moment, places, and ftede Gaffray with long toth the Geant gan auife,
4688 That iuged was to deth, wel gan aduertife. he ftrongly ther fled As he myght goodly, A chambre pereeiued, in went rabbifhly,
rpile dore after drew; Gaffray gan it ffe, 4692 -*- After fped Apace, yroufly being;
Smiting haftyli, the dore gan vp fle,
With Ipat ftroke the dorn1 Anon unbarring;
Withe the fole of fote was he tho fmiting. 4696 Into chambre floure the doure made fle lightly;
For all barred was, entred he wightly.
A [sjquare maillet the Geant gan hold;
-^*- Vppon Gaffray hed thev-with yaf wightly. 4700 "With that ftroke he was ftoned manyfold;
Ne had hys helmet2 be full ftrong and myglity, 1 " dore " (?) - MS. " helyet." Fr. text, heanlme.
AND DRIVES HIS SWORD RIGHT THROUGH HIM. 163
Gaffray had he flain, fo caufed to dy. but for his helmet
J J Geoffrey falls, but
And jmt not-for-that Gaffray tombled there, rises again,
4704 Anon releuing in wighty manere,
THen hym faide Gaffray, "of the hane full fair, and sayg ,.Ire_ But Anon I fhall yilde it unto the, SS.^dnowi
Wttft my fwerde the teere, not will make re- K42R£khe
trfllT " lunges at him,
driving the sword
4708 Gaffray drew hys fwerd, harde well ground to fe, ^Xtiit"' U" Withe the bakke went, fo harde the Geant
fmote he, Gaffray Ins good fwerd fo put thorugh hym tho, Thorugh the hrefte the croffe was it unto ;
4712 Tjh'o part in-to part hym perced ouer all. Then fell the
-*- The Geant to grounde our-torned tho, often made men
Which fo ofte had made many men full thrall, up a marvellous No-thyng was he wurth, right noght myght tower sounded, he do,
4716 Where curfedly had don with his maillet foo. A meruelus cry vp he caft ]>at ftound, All the toure founed when he fill to ground.
THys Geant tho fall to mortal deth colde [Foi. mj
With that mighty ftroke Gaffray hym yeuyng. drew ins sword Gaffray drew hys fwerde ther oute fro Grimold, and put it in the
T . , „ , a • i scabbard. Then
Into hys fcaberge Again hym puttyng. he went to the
Ther ryght no lenger wold he he hyding, 4724 To the prifoneres fro-thens Anon went, And to demaunde thaim was full diligent
prisoners,
r
"F of Xorhelande thei were As was told, and asked if they
.... . . .. . , .„. came from North-
And what maner thyng gam hym hade miiclo, umheriand, and
4728 And wherfor in prefon he tham gan hold. in prison. They
a n • i it r> j -jit said it was because
Anon on laid, for trewage was it tho they had not paid That the gret Geant yeuen had vnto ; 11*
164
GEOFFREY RELEASES TWO HUNDRED PRISONERS,
the giant the tribute they owed
"Rejoice then," said Geoffrey, " for ye are struck out of his papers, and I have ac- quitted you of your tribute by killing him."
Then they were glad and asked Geoffrey to let them out. So Geoffrey searched till he found the keys, and coming to the 200 prison- ers,
The which, fir, is noght yut hym paid no wyfe, 4732 Wlierfor this now bide All his tirandife."
G Affray Anfwered, " ioyous And glad he, Now Full merily demene you Amonge, For of his paupires ftrike oute plain he ye ! 4736 Here hym haue I flain And put to dethe ftronge ; Xeuer f hall he you At no day do wrong. Of trouth mortall deth haue I put hym to, your trewage haue I now here aquitte fo."
4740 "ITTHen thes nouels hurde, ioyous therof were; * * Gaffray thay bef ought thaim deliuer oute. He Anfwering faid, " do f hall my powere." Tho eerched, enquered, And went Ahoute,
4744 Till the keys Founde with-out any doute. And when he thaim had reforted Again, "Where too hundert were And mo in certain,
[Fol. 01 &.] undid the lattice, and gave them leave to go. Geoffrey leads them to the chamber where lies the giant.
THe lateis unfhitte where-in prifoned were, Prefently thaim al gaf he leue to go. Fro-thens iffued thay with gladfom chere, That nouelles pleafed and greed well to That efcape f hold thys painfull prifon fro. 4752 Into the chamhre Gaffray tho thaim lade To fe this Geant dede and cold ther had.
All wonder how Geoffrey could kill this monster, of so "unfitting" a stature,
Euery man hym bliffed of Gaffray, Ther meruellyng gretly of this auenture, 4756 Hym to haue in fueh herdineffe Ahvay To affail fuch A hiduous creature Off fo wonderfull unfittyng ftature, Thys gret monftre, huge, large, and cruell, 4760 Which fo meruelous was, felenous and fell.
They all said they hail never Been such a man
E
uery man hliffid, euery man faid That neuer fuch a man ther dais gan fe.
AND GIVES THEM THE GIAXT's TREASURE. 165
To thaim faioe Gaffrav, " hire me now bis braide, in a" their days.
B J ' ' Geoffrey tells
4764 Here now ye Barons acquitail haue by me; them they now
J x J owe the giant
Vnto this Geant no more owe f hall ye. nothing.
Full moch good hath w/t/nn thys dongon; Barons, you it yeue into your bandone,
4768 A nd all that is here you it gyffe frely, but that they
■& Bo
waee.
nothing for him-
>oth gold and hauour here, all that his authetrl
may carry away •easures they can find, for \\ aee. )le would have
hit reioys and take, for noglit haue will I ; seif
here you wdl commaunde to our lordes grace, 4772 Take all bat here is in this tour and place. To tary or byde certes will noght here, To labour will go in place ellyf where ;
T Eager will noght bide, dwelle, ne tary." [f0i. 92.]
4776 *** "your mercy and grace," thai to hym gan greluy.^daak
%him how he came » there, where no
" So it myght you pleafe off your courteffy, tatS^SuS!"
Euery of us you befeke and pray Wherby ye come in to fay us your way, 4780 Where for the Geant non durfte make entre,
That dede and recreant here lith now may fee."
T
here G affray thaim declared all and told. Geoffrey tells
them, and they all
When thay had hym hurde, on faid hym say that no man
° o ' */ so hold ever issued
yilto from that roek,
' except the giant
'84 "Xeuer fro this Roche iffued man fo bold and hia anteces-
Excepte this Geant ligging ded here, lo ! And his cruell anteceffoures alfo, By whom to greuous torment put we be ; 4788 Exiled and wafted haue thai our contre,
sols,
B
Oth tho gret and fmall haue thay had in wi,n had slain 4011
. knights. They
liate ; said too that they
Diftroed alfo all that thai finde might,
1GG
GEOFFREY S TRIUMPHAL PROGRESS.
would accompany him till he found his own people.
Then they set the giant's body up upon a cart, to which it was fast bound and attach- ed.
Eoure houndred haue flain, preuyng well Jns date. 4792 Now our forow ye haue vnto an ende diglit, And Als put to end the fary work ryght. With you fhall retorn, going vppon way, Till that your peple approche and fynde may."
4796
rpilos Barouns thaim made tho full redy
To put this Geant ther a carte uppon ; An-hy hym dreffed As for to cary, Neuer faw man to fightes uifion 4800 So gret As was this Geant enuiron, Euery man bleffed that hym gan fe ; Well bounde and tacked to that carte was he.
[Fol. 92 &.] Wherever they went all men marvelled at the monster, and blessed the hour when Geotfrey came there.
4804
rTuiorugh the contre went, hym carying ; -L Wherouer thai rode and pallid full fafte.
Of this faid monftre al men merueling, Wherof the peple Abaifhed and agaft. Forfoth euery man blilfed thaim in hafte 4808 The hour that Gaffray ariued at Ipat cofte, That thaim deliuerd of this curfed gofte.
They would gladly liave made Geoff- rey their kin}.', but he would in no wise longer so- journ there.
Then he leapt upon his courser,
/"^ Affray conueed to his peple that houre,
u
huge honour and gold hym ther presenting ;
4812 And full humbly gan do hym ther honour, So As for ther lorde thai hym holding, For palled And dede was their noble king. But he Avoid no wife lenger ther fogourn,
481 G But to lufignen wold he tho retourn.
Off ther huge honour wold he take no-thyng, Retourn wold ther-thens without bode any, Gaffray, which no man l neuer was doubtyng, 4820 Vppon his courfere anon lepte lightly
As he which was both doubty and wurthy. 1 MS. " noman."
GEOFFREY GOES TO SEE RAYMOND.
1G7
"Adieu," tho lie laid, " Adieu you commaund, ye noble Barons prefent of Norbeland,
and bade the barons adieu.
4824 rTlO you leue the warde of this contre."
J- Fro-thens deperted, femyng ther to longe, With hym his peple ridyng As fhold be. Ther rode A gret ftour, waloping fid ftronge,
4828 Till to fe cam; A barge gan he to fonge, Defiryng to fe his fader of blode, And Melufine his gentile moder goode.
Then he and his people galloped fast till they came to the sea. There he took ship, desiring to see his father and Melusine.
H
E taried noght, failled And rowed foo,
[Fol. 93.] The wind was
4832 -LL That he approched Guerrand tho full ny ; good and he soon
tip -li came to p"i't.
The winde was good, he ftrongly failled tho, That in litell while to port cam finely. And when Gaffray had hauyn ueryly, 4836 Anon A-land he defcended ryght,
And ther Ariued certes pat fame night.
Then he disem- barked and arriv- ed at Lusignan that same night.
A
11 the wordle anon wenten hym Again, AU thte wor1'1, .
" ° came to meet him.
Men. wemen, children, of ech fide mofte andKaymomi
with the rest. Geoffrey salutes him humbly, em- braces and kisses him.
and lefte ;
4840 The Barons fefted this hy fouerain,
hys fader Baymounde vnto hym cam prefte. Gaffray hym falute As man mofte vmblefte, Wightly Anon hym Gaffray gan enbrace,
4844 Neuer at more eafe of hert he ne wace;
IT
"is uifage and mouth ther gan he to kiffe. Into a chambre both thai made entre, "Wherof many thinges fpake thai, I-wiffe, 4848 Many tales told ther Gaffray the fre,
And Bay mound to hym that in mynde wold be hou hys moder loft he had and lete. With malicious wreth Gaffray gan fuete ;
Then they entered a chamber and talked together. Geoffrey told his father many tales, and next he is told how he had caused the loss of his mother.
108
GEOFFREY RECALLS HIS VISIT TO AVALON.
He knew it was for his sin in burning the abbey of Maillezais. Then he remem- bers the tablet he saw in the mount- ain of Avalon,
4852 TJTell Auifed hym it was for his fyne
' " That his fader had wrethed heuyly fo, By monkes he hade ftroyed maillers yn ; With flammes of fire thaini bruled and brend to, 4856 An hundred ther were in that niinftre tho.
Then on the tablet hys thought & mynde gan
draw, Which in the montain of Aualon faw,
[Fol. 93 b.] upon the tomb of king Ilelmas. Then he knew tli.it Melusine must be Ilelmas' daughter.
P
}vo wurde to wurde al thorughly in hert be1 rad 4860 Vppon the tombe of noble king helmas.
Tho knew he Full well where melufme was hade Doughter to the kyng which lay in pat place, And that helmas, this noble kyng, wace 4864 Fader to Melufme his moder good ;
Where-vppon he thought long while he ther ftoode.
When he knew that Raymond had been tempted by the earl of For- est, he sware an oath that he would go and kill him.
Away he goes with ten chosen knights, who were worth twen- ty others, and the result was this :
TTThen he vnderftode, knowing it clerely, ' ' hou that '2 Raymounde his noble fader tho
4868 By erle of forefte his brother naturally Toward Melufme had made diifautte fo, With An hautain uois Gaffray faid, wold go, (Wher-to lie fwere full faft his gret oth),
4872 That fhortly he wold diftroy hym for foth.
O 0 fro-thens with wreth Gaffray partid then, ^ his fader 3 his parte went right heuily, W/t// full wurthy noble knightes ten, 4876 Strongc, liable, and light, men fad and myghty, Tho ten wurth well other knightes twenty ; here you f hal declare by fortone hou gan fal. Gaffray fo ftrongly ther rode forth witA-all,
1 " he " (?) » MS. " thai." 3 MS. " brother ;" Fr. text, pen.
GEOFFREY SEEKS OUT HIS UNCLE FR0M0UNT.
4880 Q 0 on way fafte fpcd, fo fortli low and hy,
1G9
That he approched the erledome vnto Off the foreft, where was this Erie wurthy, "Which in a castell abiding 1 was tho. 4884 Gaffray to that parte drew hym faft to goo Where the Erie f hold haue ill hanfell anon, In-to thys faid ftrenght entred his perfon,
they rorle till they came to the castle where the earl was ; then Geoffrey entered that fort
Within he entred vnware fodenly, Off no creature perceiued at all. With full yrons wreth Gaffray meued hy, He falute non, ne fpake to gret ne fmall, But difcendeddoil A-fornthe gret hall, 4892 The grees Afcended, many to accounte,
hys uncle the Erie ther, named Fromounte,2
E
[Fol. 91]
suddenly and un- perceived. Moved with wrath he neither saluted any nor spake, but ascended the steps of the great hall,
nmyddes his peple hym ther gan find, and found ins
uncle Fromont
Which were full noble And ryght gentile to, there amongst
liis iitoplc
489G Wice, fage, And wele taught As any to mynde< Drawing ins
. . " sword, he declares
Gaffray As wode man drawing his iwerd tho, Mm a traitor, Ther crying, " traitor, thy lif loft And goo ! By thy neclygens my moder haue lofte ! " 4900 Thys Erie it hurde, his blode gon almofte,
H1
"Is mortall deth faw ; being in fuch fray, Gaffray he doubted in hert that inftaunce, Knowyng well by hym tho wurdes gan fay 4904 Wherof Gaffray had to hert fuch noyfaunce. Fro-thens he fly with huge comeraunce. Keuer-for-neuer ftode he in fuch drede, The tour entred, the dore founde ope in dede,
and terrified his uncle, who fled away in great trouble. Never had he been so frightened; he entered the tower
4908 fTIHe grees Afcended ryght fo As he myght ;
and ascended the , steps. ButGeoflF-
But fo gan noght do As his hert tho wold ; rey hastened after
1
For After haffced Gaffray As man wight,
1 MS. "obidinp;." 2 In the margin— gcffre hyld hya r[>/kn!/~\ erle qfforeste.
170
GEOFFREY CAUSES HIS UNCLE'S DEATH.
him, pursuing him Which purfued hym, chaufing to that hold,
BO fast that the L J ' °
earl had to flee 4912 Strongly hym fewed And fharply manyfold, Openly after other gan to fle ;
With hym had the Erie non of hys mayne
[Fol. 94 b.] for all ran down the steps as if they were mad ; being greatly afraid of being caught.
49
A: ic -cl
f man that fo was gentile ne fo goode Which "with hym fro-thens in no wyfe wold
The grees defcended, fered as were woode, Eche liym-felfe to fane, in heft wife cowd tho, Ther liffes to fane G affray criing vnto. 4920 For fere of taking full fafte thay fle,
Thay fore doubted left taking fhold he.
Thus the earl ran up into the tower ami got to the top as soon as he could. Geoffrey sware that he would not spare him.
G Affray fly Sweryng
After thys Erie haftily, jryng that he fhold dy ther with gret fliame. 4924 The Erie Afcended into this tour quickly, As fone As he myght to hieft ftage came. Gaffray fwere his oth, for linage ne fame, Wold fpare hym to flay, lif take fro his goft, 4928 Syn his mxler good by hym fo hath lofte.
In extreme terror the earl leapt up to a window and, missing his foot- ing, fell on his head upon the rock.
P
^Or drede the Erie fwatte And fore trembled tho
When that he faw, brefly vnto fay, That by no men myght ferther pafle ne go. 4932 At A feneftre lepte in that affray
Vppon the hedde, failling foote that day ; Fro that place glint Jwt full hy tho was, Don vppon the Roch A fall gan purchas.
Thus this earl of Forest died by his own folly, and Geoffrey caused
4936 Tn that point was he mif[c]heuofly dede
J- With dolorous wo And full heuy fhame, Thys Erie of forefte in faid place and ftede. Alas ! by hys owne gret folay it came,
RAYMOND DETERMINES TO SEEK THE TOPE.
171
4910 hys peple ' hauyng hug forow and grame. The body Gaffray made vnto entere ; After do made cryes in ech ftede awhere,
his body to be buried, and pro- claimed
[Fol. 951 his own brother
4944
As vnto the Erie beforn had thay do, To Eaymounde his brother in like wife JXf££*
homage, All enheritors of the contra tho. And As thaim had faid G affray the fage, Euery accorded vnto his langage. 4948 Ther Gaffray wold noght lenger to fogourn, To- ward lufignen fafte gan he retourh,
This done, lie returned to Lusi- gnan, and soon
I
n fhorte and bref tyme parted fro that place. A nto lufignen entred, faft ridyng, 4952 Where his gud fader tho dolorous was, Which fidl heuily was ther waymenting For that noght unknow, (full for lamenting), How hys brother diftroyed was Jjat day ; 495 G Eaymound faid, " of it gret dolour haue may,
came to his father who was sore lamenting the earl's death. Raymond ex- claims,
A1
n my wife haue loft, exile my contre, By my cruell fin And my wicked vice ; lhesu crift my foull warde and kepe to the, 4960 Fro2 thys worle me will put by good auice, Neuer feke no-thyng to conquere franchife. To confeffe my fyn wandre f hall and goo, With good hert fhall fay the hole Poftell to
"All is due to my sin and vice : I will quit the world and its fame, and make a pilgrimage to the holy apostle at Rome,
49G4
0
ff Rome, that lyon men do name and call, After, fo god will, chefe fhall my dwellyng, become a recluse
whom men rail Leo. I will then
Eeclufe and f hit vp in ftrange contre fhall, In which ftede will not be know for no thyng. 49G8 In that place fhall I my life be ufing In deuoute prayers And in orifon, All vnto acquire my fauacion."
'MS, "pepll." -' MS. "For."
in a strange country ami spend my life in prayer."
172
RAYMOND S ADVICE TO GEOFFREY.
[Fol. 95 6 ] Geoffrey, alight- ing from horse- back, tarried not at the dismount- ing stone, but sought his father and craved his pardon,
bitterly repent- ing his wicked- ness. " It needs not," said Ray- mond, "to mourn longer : you can- not bring your mother back
nor can I restore the dead to life. You must re- build the abbey which you burnt in your folly."
Ceoffrcy promises to do so. Ray- mond says, " It should be built up so as t<> be fairer than before ,
[Fol. 06.] but 1 must leave you now, for I go
R5
iyglit As Baymouncle lrym fore complayned,
' P° 0 4972 In plaintes, wepinges, lie bathed was ;
And when that Gaffray was defcendid tho,
At the perron longe bode not in Ipat place,
At caftell finding hys fader by grace.
4976 But hys nioder noght founde, ne faw with ey,
Wherefor to hys fader cried mercy,
w
'ith hert fore contrite therof repenting Off that he had don fo moche wiekedneffe. 4980 On knees mercy ther hym fafte crying,
Baymoun.de fore wepte with eyes bitterneffe : " Hyt nedith noght," faid, " more haue penfif-
neff'e, I know well that ye by no mene this day 4984 your moder recouer certes ye ne may.
I
can noght," he faid, " werke ne labour foo As tho mortall ded ther lif to furrend. The Abbay and mynftre fourge and make moft, lo! 4988 Which fair place ye haue diftroid and fhend. An hundred monkes with-m alfo brend By your meruelous And wondre corage, As by your folay and fidl gret outrage."
4992 n Affray Anfwerd, "fire, I fhall it doo
^ Within ryglit bref tyme, fo our lord pleafe
may." Then Baymound hym hild in hert content tho ; " More fairer fhall be then Aforn was ay,"
4996 Baymound hym faid, " appere will it alway That which ye will do men full well fhall fe, Perceyued to ey, knowen well will bee.
5000
HEre will you leue, to good ende come may. A litell way me mofte go in pilgrimage,
RAYMOND SETS OUT FOR ROME.
173
Which promyfed haue god aforn this day, Put tlier-to haue both hert, wyll, and corage, My contre you f hall leue, warde it as the fage. 500-1 iNTon other will I of it haue the garde,
your yongeft hroder wyll loke b«t ye warde,
on a pilgrimage. You shall guard the country and take care of your youngest brother.
PAitenay hym gif with thes caftelles echon Off vavuent, Ayglon, And also Meruent, 5008 He thahn to hold in hys fubieccVon In pees w/t/?out contradiccion bent ; Anon to Eochel ' my wife wold fo went. For gretly of hym f he gan fpeke and fay, 5012 That contre he fhold iuftice alway.
Give him Parthe- nay, Vouvant, Aiglon, and Mer- Tent, and all the country as far as Rochelle ; for so Melusine gave direction."
I
Hym make my proper enheritour, For yut fhall he be wurthy terrenly." Gaffray AniVered, "I grant to will your, 5016 Alway your plefur fhall I do furely,
Fidl well fhall I warde my brother Thierry ; In that doubte ye noght, in no maner point, Sin ye me commaunde, gree to fuch a ioynt."
Geoffrey pro- mises to do so, and tells his father he need not fear its not being done.
R
5020 ~T>Aymounde his ui[a]ge Full fafte made redy, Raymond, ail When he redy Avas, taried ne refte ;
Of uitaill and wyn toke fufficiantly,2
Al hys peple commaunded to god preft. 5024 At the departfon fughed fore in brefte.
Hys leue gan he take with amyable loue fine,
Towarde Rome hys way hild he ftreight As lyne.
being made ready for his journey,
sets off. He takes leave of his people and goes to Rome.
5028
28 ^J
Affray and Thierry fuettly on the way [Foi. or, 6.1
Geoffrey and
long fpace and tyme thare fader conueing ; Thierry go with
In ther forth-progreffe told and faid Gaffray, hou that good helmas the full noble kyng
their father ; and, on the road.
1 MS. " Rachel."
- MS. " fufficianlily."
174
GEOFFREY TELLS RAYMOND ABOUT KING HELMAS.
Geoffrey relates how he found good king Helraas within the rock.
Within the Eoch founde, wher non durft be comrayng 5032 Enleffe he were ftrong, wurthy, wyfe, and fage, And that iiiued oute of hys linage ;
and how he had seen Helrnas' tomb, and Pre- sine's image in alabaster, and the tablet which her hand held.
rpOlde where the tombe was pight and fette truly -*- Vppon thes riche and gret pilours of gold ;
5036 Of prefine told he alfo veryly,
Hou f he portraed was in being, told ;
At foote of helmas tombe hir figure vnfold
Of Alebaftre compaffed and made ;
5040 And of the tablet that f he hild and had j
Raymond rejoiced to hear Melusine was of such high descent, and seemed in his joy a foot taller. Afterwards Geof- frey tells about Presine's gifts
A ]STd then all that hurde Aboue haue ye. -*--*- Eaymounde reioyed hys Avife doughter was Off fyre helmas, king which Gaffray gan fe, 5044 And of prefine, the courtois, full of grace ; For gladnes A foote1 in liithe gan purchace. After declaryng went by witty engine All the gyfftes that ther gaf prefine
to Melior. Melu- sine, and Palatine, and how Presine loved Helmas dearly. Ray- mond again re- joices.
U1
5048 "ITnto Melior and to Melufine,
And to palatine, wemen of fayree ; 2 And, As men Affermeth by fcripture fine, That Aboue all helmas louid hyly
5052 Prefine, aboue wrete verray perfectly.
"When that Gaffray had All thes thynges faid, Eaymounde hertly glade reioyng that braide,
[Foi. or i
Thus his two sons brought him on his way, and bring him at night to his lodg- ing.
5056
nnhat Gaffray gan hire voluntarily. -*- After thes fones too hym conueyng, With hym vppon way went full merily. At nyght when thai cam vnto ther loging, Hys fones of hym the morn leue taking,
1 31 S. "Afootc."
3 MS. "fayrcr."
SOME ACCOUNT OF THIERRY OF PARTHENAY.
175
5060 To-geders killed at the parting leue,
And fo the mornyng departed in breue.
Next morn they take their leave.
R
Aymounde ther Fader fped hym on hys way ; and there was
great weeping on
Ther no creature but watry teeres f had ;
5064 The Fader wepte, the fones Als that day,
Euery of thaim in mifery had,
Raymound thens went ; Gaffray Terry with hym lad,
Thay retorned to Approche ther home, 5068 And the Fader went ftreight forth vnto Rome.
both sides. Then Geoffrey and Thierry went back ; and Ray- mond went on to Rome.
R
i yght thys departed ther wais thes thre, Ther-thens to luiignen went Gaffray.1 To partenay went Terry that contre, 5072 yonge, lufty, ioly, inly frefh And gay, Hardy, niyghty, fers, entrepreignant ay, To ladies iVete was amyable, huge of body, wel formed As man able.
Geoffrey went to Lusignan, and Thierry to Partenay. A description of Thierry.
M
5076 1 ,f Any were ther noght with hym to compare, The good quail
For he Was An in beilteUOUS fair knvght ; are here enumer- ated.
►Strong, myghty, wourthy, And light to declare, And off All peplle douted was he ryght ; 5080 !NTeuer put A-bake, manly was of myght ; A notable man was he of corage, A good werriour, fubtile, wife, And fage.
DOubted of all, wher by2 fors, were, or wit, Euery man obbeid hym lowly In all hys marches, where wrong or ryght were it. In noble Bretain gan he to mary,3 Affyed and fured to A gret lady, 5088 Which difcended was of ryght by lynage, And als fhe hauyng full huge heritage.
1 In the margin — geffrcy lordoflusygnen § terry lord of [partenay .]
- MS. "wherby."
3 In the margin — terre maryd a lady of bretoyn.
[Fol. or b ]
Thierry married a lady of high degree who came from Britain, and who was very wealthy.
176
GEOFFREY REBUILDS THE ABBEY OF MAILLEZAIS.
From Thierry descended the line of Parthenay, a line which is still distinguished for virtue,
TErry feignoried A full large contre, Hattyd of no man ; of hym gan iffew 5092 Of pertenay the lyne of verite, As in this hiftory doth to enfew, Which hyly regneth yut in huge vertew ; God wold fuch heires of tham fhold come 5096 That the line noght faill to the day of dome !
according to Melusine's pre- diction. It were' tedious to relate all their great deeds.
Ryght As declared And fayd Melufine That the faid line fhold haue long endur- ance, And that thay fhold do good dedes and fine ; 5100 And fo haue thay done wel to rememberaunce In many placis, wherof refte I this inftaunce; Ouer long wold be to declare and tell, Ther wurthy dedes vnto fay or fpell.
Geoffrey sent everywhere for masons, who rebuilt the abbey of Maillezais which he had burnt.
5104 f^i Affray tho made Aboute for to fende,
u
Mafons of iche fid come w/t/i-out delay ;
He rought noght what theron fhold difpend, For in thought wold reftore the Abbay 5108 Off Maillers, that was brend Ipat oder clay. Off euery part mafons ther comyng, Ther wages well paid, content Jjaim holdyng.
[Fol. 98.] It was rebuilt so as to be fairer than before : so that men marvel- led, and said that Geoffrey had be- come a monk after all !
51
»F
Ourged and made was in A fomer tide More fairer then euer it was before, Off whom men fpeken, talking large and wide, Hym ofte mocking And faing euermore, " Gaffrey is become A monke for all hys lore, 5116 Neuer trowed man for to fe that houre A wolfe to become An herdly paftour ! "
I return to Ray- mond, who con- fessed all his sins
T leue fball Gaffray ; of hys fader fay, J- Which to Borne to the holy fader came 5120 Hys confeffion to declare alway ;
RAYMOND PROMISES TO TURN HERMIT.
177
In conclufion fpared for no fhame, Neuer no-thyng hid, out all gan proclame. The holy fader wondred on that he told, 5124 Off tho nierueles that ther gan vnfold.1
in full to tin1 pope, who wondered at the strange things
he told him.
W1
, "herefor fhold I hold Ion" tale this inftaunce? and appointed
1/1/ Raymond a
For his fynnes gaff penannee full f harpely. penance, which he _ promised to per- il ay mound tlier it toke to right gret plefaimce, form before re-
, _ • • o it i 3i turning to Poitiers.
512b -Proinittyng he Avoid do it lull gladly
Or he entre wold in peyters fuerly.
To hys holy fader faid with all his hert,
And that thens wold go in-to foni defert,
5132 n
0 in wild exile all hys lif ufing He undertakes to
live a hermit's
For fair MeluHne Lis loue, wife, and fpoufe, life for Meiusine's
sake, saying that
In many fomers And winters being, he would never
force t licr
"Which that he hath loft "by dedes fhameuous,
5136 And ferpent become wondre hiduous ; Sayng, neuer wold hir put in oblyuy Xe in that contre neuer entre furely,
5140
NEuer-For-neuer in hys life no day, "Where hys fuete loue lofte by hys owne place where he
[Fol. 98 6.] nor return to the
fpeche ; "Wbich in oblyuy with hym be ne may. This holy fader gan pray and befeche That of his illes he wold be hys leche. 5144 The pope, that time named and called lyon, Said to hym, " where is your deuocion
lost her. He craves the pope's pardon; and Pope Leo, accordingly,
F
\Ov to go and do ioyned pennaunce 1 " Eaymound Anfwered as man deboner, 5148 "At Montfarrant bide is my hole plefaunce, Ther become hermite w/tA-out any retrayr, To goddis honour And feruice repair.
'MS.
■l vnfuld." 12
asks him \\ here 1 a thinks of going to. Raymond answers, "To Moutserrat in Arragon, where
178
RAYMOND BECOMES A HERMIT AT MONTSERRAT.
there is fair sojourning."
Leo bids him go; and Raymond sets off, soon coming to Toulouse,
For ellefwhere can I noght me hold, 5152 Full fair fogernyng ther is, me is tolde.
There is A deuoute folitary place." " Go l where plefe may our f acred lord an-
That your fauac/on ye may purchace," 5156 This lion the pope laid to hym fuetly.
In href terme Raymound parted thens truly, So ftrongly he rode, paifyng forth the way, That within Thouloufe cam without delay.
where he bids adieu to his men, sending them all home except a yeoman and a chaplain.
51G0
Full moche peple Again hym tho went ; He
[e ther yeuyng leue to hys mayne plain, Ech fatefied with goodes fufficient ; With hym A preft had, An honest chapelain, 5161 A yeman alfo for hys owne demain. More liad ne toke at that entreuall, Ther unto our lord commaunded hys rnew all;2
[Fol. 99.] Next he lias her- mit's robes made, and goes to Arragon, and so becomes a hermit at Montserrat.
Hi,
Ermites Robes fidl fafte lete doo make, 5168 -1-1- In Arrygon toke hys logge and repair. At the Mont-farrat manfon gan to take, yilding hym hermyte As man debonair, God to ferue with orifons and3 praiers fair \ 5172 Properly to take for hys heritage
his by ding in this wild montain fauage.
Itis yeoman and chaplain lived with him there, and thus Ray- mond foi'sook the
~\T7"Ith hym hys yeman And full noble preft " " In this hermitage toke habitacion, 5176 With full greabill hertis in ther brefte, Ther being in fore huge affliccnm long time and fpace with good deuocyon.
1 MS. " So." Fr. text, Alcz y done.
At the bottom of the page is the catchword — " Hermites Robes
full."
3 MS. "and and."
LA8T DAYS OF COUNT RAYMOND.
179
The worle all forfoke at that houred ftound, 5180 And full deuoutly lined ther Baymound
world, and lived there devoutly
rp 111 ende approched, to mortall deth went. -*- But dais thre aforn full well perceuyng Aboute lufignen to vew the ferpent, 5184 Where lande and rent Aforii was renonfmg ; Whom moch peple ofte haue be feing ; To knowliche nombred mo then twenty That of Melufme will liurde fay truly —
till his death. Three days hefore his death, the serpent was seen going round Lusignan; so that more than l'0, who had well heard Melusine say
5188 fTme time and ceafon departing thaim fro —
T
that she would thus appear, know
That when the caftell change ther lordes f hold, thilt they are
soon to have a
Aforne Avoid f he appere to light, lo ! uew lord.
Thre days aboute thys faid caftell wold 5192 Off fair lufignen, full beuteuous hold.
Wherefor many fain in ther willd reuell, " After appArens, fhall haue A lord nouell."
G Affray tho lorde of this faid caftell, Which fo fair was, and lord of contre ; That hy honour and feignory full well Peubilly in pece it hold gan he. Tho fro Thouloufe made baronage & mayne 5200 That Baymound with hjm lad when to Borne went ; Excepte yeman and prefte all home he fent.
[Fol. 99 b.] Geoffrey was then lord of the castle, and held it in peace. Then came to him the barons whom Raymond had dismissed,
rPhai vnto Gaffray declared and told, -*- The trouth and verite faid thay outerly, 5201- hou his fader an hermite was and hold, And hou fro tham departed wilfully, And hou his goodes parted gentilly. Gaffray vnderftode, hys brother after fend, 5208 All contre to hym gan he recommend. 12*
and told him how his father was now a hermit and had sent them home. Geoffrey sends for his brother, and, leaving Lusignan in his charge.
180
GEOFFREY IS ASSOILED BY THE POPE.
departs for Rome, to accomplish all he had to do. It were long to tell all.
He confessed to the pope, and was very penitent for the wickedness he had done in his youth.
[Fol. 100.] The pope assoiled him, and charged him to rebuild the abbey of Maillezais, and fill it with monks to the number of 120,
and so to endow the abbey that they should never lack bread or wine. Geoffrey promises to do this,
and says it is be- Kiin already. The
~|7iEo-thens departed, with hyni peple few, -*- Gaffray the corteis, gentile and connyng.1 lenger wold not bide, toke hys lene by rew, 5212 hafted to coinplefh his dedes doing.
Mif tre ne nede non more be declaryng, But to tary time and long wold it be Entry thyng to put in hys certainte.
5216 "j Tnto the pope cam, And hyin gan confeffe ^ With gret repentaunce full deuoutly ; Off his fynny cr[i]me lefte2 not more ne leffe, Full dolerus was and repentant truly
5220 Off his wickedneffe don confentyngly,
And jxit he had don in his youthnelfe foo, With fore hert contrite all confeffed thoo
PEoperly all that in confcience finde myght. The pope aflb[i]led hym ther benyngly, When declared hade hys dedes vnperfight. To fourge the abbey charged hym gretly Off Maillers without tarying any, 5228 Such pennaunce charged hym his fynnes fore, With monkes it f tuffe, montance of fex fcore ;
With rentes endowing to haue brede and wyne, That lacke and faill non winter ne fomer tide 5232 To wat neceffiite or nede to incline.
Again the abbay to forge loke prouide, That diftroed haue And dif herite wide. Gaffray anfwerd, "fir, I fhall do all, 523G The minftre and churche appareill fhall
BEtter then euer Appered to eye ; For fothe fhe hath A good commence- ment."
MS.
2 MS. " lefte." Fr. text, laissa.
GEOFFREY GOES TO MONTSERRAT.
181
"yut the churche ye haue ftroed wickedly; 5240 Agan it to make ye niofte be deligent."
" Sir, carpenters, mafons, yiftes f hall hent, Ther ftate f hall remitte to our lordes grace ; More fairer fhall be then euer it wace."
pope attain charges him, and he promises to obey.
5244 " milys refon," faid the holy fader at ende, The pope teUs him
J he is in danger for
For your brother foule ye be in danger his brothers soul,
because he burnt him ; and that he
would find his
When thys mynftre and fchurch deftroed there, father »t
Montserrat.
5248 And yf ye of your fader lufte enquere,
1
That ye crufedly1 bruled fo and brende
At mont-farrat finde fhall b«t man of fame, Which noght long Agon toward vs he came,
TErmite is become, holy lif leding." 5252 *-*■ Gaffray vnderftode, with eyes wepte fore; Off pope2 leue toke, to monte-farrat going, Strongly rode apace beidy euermore, Tdl the regiat way founde hym before, 5256 But Anon As he app[r]oched the montain, Vp went he andiy, finding Eaymound plain,
[Fol. 100 b.] Geoffrey sets off for Montserrat. and soon finds the highway to it. He then ascends the mountain.
ff
"Is bliffed fayder which hurde hym Anon. When hys fone he faw, gretly reioying. 52G0 After Raymounde Avoid haue departfon, But gaffray no wife wold be departing, But faid, ther wold bide the worle enduryng, And that go wold quite fro the heritage 52G4 And fro All hys barons homage.
and finds Ray- mond. Raymond is glad to see him, but bids him go home again. Geoffrey refuses to return,
G
Affray was ther foure or fiffe dais tho,
and insists on
staying four or
hys fader myght noght hym do torn no five days; but at wife.
But ther wold dwell hys life viing alfo ;
Sic in MS.
' This word is struck out by mistake.
182
GEOFFREY REBUILDS MAILLEZAIS ABBEY.
last consents to return, and takes leave of his father.
5268 But when hys fader Avill gan aduertife,1 Thens to lufignen drew by good auife "When of fader had leue take full lowly, ~No longer fogern ther wold noght truly.
Returning to
Lusignau he calls his barons to- gether, who humbly do him homage as their lord.
5272 TYThen of lufignen the faire Cite hent,
' » After the Barons fend he full wyghtly, "Which cam Anon at hys comniaundement. As fone As thay thes wurdes hurde truly, 5276 homage gan thay do to hym full humbly,
holdyng hym ther lord mofte fouerain jj«t
houre To full huge ioy and ryght grett honour.
[Fol. 101.] He then rebuilds the abbey he destroyed, and e itablishes there 120 monks, endow- ing the abbey richly.
rTuien Maillers f [o]urged and made new again,
5280 J- The faid Abbay,2 beforn gan vndo. Ther fex fcore nionkes aftabled certain, Ennobhng the place ryght wonderly tho, huge lande and rychelfe endowing therto ;
5281 Wher night and day monkes pray for J>ls lord, Tor Meluline and Baymound of recorde.
and making rich grants to it. In course of time he visited Raymond ; for, when the time of Raymond's death drew near.
Thay haue of ryght full grett enchefon, He mortehng goodes fufon and plente. 5288 Within, proffeffe uifete hys fader anon, And gentilly hym quite at J>at affemble. Raymounde leuyng longe ; when to ende nyhed
he, That the foule mofte yelde being fpirituall, 5292 (As well lordes gret as tho being fmall),
Geoffrey remained
al Inline no longer, but came to the
T) Aymounde to our lorde his foule ther yilding, •*-*' G affray no lenger tary wold ne bide. For when hys fader dede was ther faing,
«MS. " aduerfite."
2 MS. "Ablay."
THE DEEDS OF THIERRY, OEDES, URIENS, AND GUV.
183
529 G Vnto mont-farrat made progreffe put tide, hys fadres fepulture for to prouyde ; Entered in Abbay of the monte-Serrat, That place augmented paftingly put dat,
5300 i nd rentid gretly to the houfe encreffe. -*--*- he was he, (you fay verray certainly), That euer ther was mof te chef of goodneffe ; hit is thing Jwt man may know full lyghtly ;
5304 Eyght well his deuor Gaffray gan do furely. That don, retorned the mont-Serrat fro, le[n]ger wold noght bide, to luhgnen went tho.
TErry was notable And a full good knight, A wurthy man, A iufticere full grett, And regned after pufantly of niyght. At partenay long huge wurf hip gett, Fair dedes gan doo in his time full fett, 5312 In pees hys contre haldyng full manly,
lSTon durfte hys hefte breke, but to hym apply.
01
^Edes regned in the marches tho ; Sagilly hym ruled to intelligens ; 5316 In hys tyme full grett goodneffe gan he doo. In Cipres regned noble vriens, The Sarifms werred by huge uiolens, (Ny neybours were) put thaim to diftrucc/on, 5320 And off thaim made full gret occifioii.
abbey of Montserrat to provide for his father's burial,
and made grants to that abbey also* Geoffrey did his duty at
Montserrat, ami then returned to Lusignan.
[Fol. 101 &.] Thierry reigned at Parthenay long and justly, and did fair deeds. None durst break his bests, but obeyed him.
Oedes (Eudes) reigned sagely in the marches. Uriens reigned in
Cyprus, and warred against the Saracens his neighbours.
G1
Vy regned and was king of hermeny ; Fidl nobly ther lade both lande and contre ; hys hones makyng Averre times many 5324 Vppon Sarrifins which, mifbeleued be Vntill \>at thay were recreant to fee. Ther had no farilln but full fore Jjani drad,1 So theim chaftifing ther will noght ne had.
Guy was king of Armenia. His heirs warred against the Saracens, who sorely dreaded them.
JMS. "draw.
184
THE DEEDS OF RAYNOLD, ANTHONY, AND RAYMOND.
Raynold was king of Brehaigne (Bohemia). His heirs reigned after him. Anthony was duke of Luxem- burg,
5328 A nd Eaynold alfo, off BreliAigne kyng, -*--*- hys leuyng regned ryght full pufantly. After hys hoires femblably werkyng, Eegnyng after hyru As men full myghty,
5332 And welle ther contre gouerned dayly. Antliony, the Duke of lufembrough tho, Many townes toke And Bourglies alfo ;
[Fol. 102.] and his heirs did fair deeds. Ray- mond was earl of Forest, and was much beloved.
A1
Nd tho which of tham difcended liniall 5336 -*"*- In ther tyme fidl fair dedes gan to do,
As Avell tho grette As tho litell and fmall.
Eaymound full cherifly was hold alfo,
The full nobill Erie of the Eorefte tho. 5310 Thes moche conquered of fondry regyons,
And thay were of gret poffeffyons.
Thus all these brethren bare them well, and prospered ; all ex- cept Horrible, who had been smothered, and Fromont, who had been burnt.
0",
thes brethren after ther hoires were In many places of grett wurthineffe, 5344 And all thes bretherin full well gan tham bere, Huge contre conqueryng by ther myghtineffe, Excepte horrible, diftroed was expreffe, And Fromont which brennyng gan purchas, 5348 Which welle wold haue do, but diftroed was.
All these were descended from Raymond, and bare his arms. To this day the Cyprians use " Lusignan " as a war-cry.
Off Eaymounde iffued All tho Aboue l faide ; Ther iffue cries make, and ther amies bere ; And yut the Cipriens at ech houred braid 5352 Alwais crying "lufignen !" awhere,
And will whiles the worle will endure here. Thay were good knightes, waillant & worthy, Entrepreignant and affaillyng many.
The earl of Pem- broke in England was also of this line:
5356 rPhe full noble Erie of thaim gan difcend, -*- Off panebourght in Englande enheritour, Wliich gret contre and lande hym fende. 1 MS. " Aboute."
THE ROMANCE OF THE SPARROW-HAWK CASTLE. 185
In Arrigon, tho of cambrere bonour * as also the lords of
5360 Off the firfte Hue were difcended that houre, Arragon. And thay cam and iffued veryly ; Off helmas lioires off Albany
I
ffued thys line, Melufme tham bare. „ .
J [Fol. 102 b.]
536-4 J- Fromount tber brother at mailers brend But Fremont w*a
buried at Mail- ■\yaS lezais, where also
lies Geoffrey
And ther beried, the trouth to declare. under a stone
tomb. Here ends
Gaffray the gentill lith in that place this part of the
In a tombe of ftone portraed the fpace. 5368 Off noble Gaffray refte me now here ihall, And fay of hermyne the kynge roiall.
romance.
A
Fair caftell is hade in hermyne,
"Which tho off Fairy both fourged & made. romanoToUhe6
5372 In hermeny the gret is it uerily, SStetoSS
Aj.1 • T Ti. j. l i • l v. l Armenia ; where
s in this hiitory told is and hade. knights had to
The Sperhauke caftell named is and rad, 5K""*" *"*
"Where it behonith to wacche nightes thre
5376 Without Any fompnolent llepe to be.
A
nd ho accomplesh in J?«t place it may, A yifte may demaunde and it liaue he f hall and whoever did
» " so might ask a
Such As hym lufte to demaunde all-way, boon of the lady
J d Mehor, provided
5380 So demaunde noght hir body corporall that he did not
* ask for her love.
Which dwellith within, thys lady roiall. Auife hym ryght wele hir no wife defire, For it Aualith noght hyr for to require.
5384 A nd in fompnolence be fo uncle thyng any,
■*-*- Tlier finabilly For euer ther f hall dwell, if the watcher "With thys fair lady ther fortake ueryly, became her
"Which gret loos and prys hath fhe foth to tell; ever.^eUorVas
5388 That Mehor was called fair and welle, oaSer™6'
Doughter to Prefme of the fairy lande, As thys hyf tory doth vs vnderftande.
1 In the margin — erle of 'penbrok.
18G
ADVENTURE OF THE KING OF ARMENIA.
[Fol. 103.] There was then a mighty king in Armenia, a fair knight, who un- dertook to watch three nights at .Sparrow-hawk Castle,
TX hermeny liade tho a mighty king, 5392 -L A fair knight, long, ftreight, lufty of colour,
With tendre youth was he hote being,
And als was of full worf hipfull ualour.
he faid wacche wold he nightes thre or foure 5396 At the myghty hold of Sperhauke caftell,
For men had hyni told off this ftrenght nouell.
intending after- wards to demand a boon. So lie did, but afterwards repented of his rashness. He therefore departed,
And As for to wake ther behouyd he Which the yiff[t] ' conquere of uarray fors fhohl, 5400 Ther he faid A wold wacche full nightes thre And after A yifte ther demaunde he wold ; So gane 2 he do, repenting his hert bold. Anon mad his way Full preft and redy, 5404 Fro-thens departed w/t/i-out reft Any,
declaring that if hi' found the lady Melior fair, he would ask for no- thing but herself. Such was his foolish resolve.
SAing that he wold unto thys wacche goo, That notable yifte conquere if he myght. So if thys lady faw plefaunt, fair hym to, 5408 jSTore other yift wold defire hym to dyght.
But for noght hys thought, folay was it ryght, For thys lady haue myght not thys man fell For fpoufe ne for loue; what nedith more to tell?
Tims came he thither on St John's day, ami having remember- ed to bring his tent, pitched it there in the meadow.
5412 TN hert this knight rifen fo hafted and rood ; -*- When ny approched and to fperhauke came In feint John his night, taried ne boode, To body therof had grett ioy and game.
5416 In obliuy noght hys pauilon of fame ;
Pight And ftreight was it in the medew tho. Armyly parted all hys peple fro
[Fol. 103 6.] Then came he to
the castle-gate,
rphys corteys, gentile, and thys noble knight, -■- The porte and gate cam of this caftell,
5420
1 Fr. text, U don.
2 MS. "gain," altered to "gane.
HE ARRIVES AT SPARROW-HAWK CASTLE.
187
In hys Land halding A pece of flefh (light, holding a piece of
flesh to feed the
\\ lierw/t/i the fperhauke thought to feed full Bparrow-hawk.
There saw he an "Wele. old man, clothed
in white.
In this caftell law on go, loth to tell, 5424 A man clothed white, femyng of vifage
That he was to light full ferre ron in age ;
T
^her hym demaunding wat thyng \>ut fought.
he hym Anfwered, " thys here demaunde T, 5428 The couftome of this nohle place wrought." he faid, " come ye, of goddes part an-hy ! In the way of it then f hall you put furely Where ye fhall finde tliis folain auenturc, 5432 Full f trans vnto fight of ech creature."
lie who asked him what he sought, and next offered to show him thu way.
T
mys good man before, after went this king, Afcending vp hy ther the grees all, Fro tlie hall went more hyer in going. 5436 Full moch merueled thys hy kyng roiall Off the grete richeffe apperyng in hall, And of the nobleffe that in f tedes founde, Gretly commaundid the fightes Jjat ftound.
Then they mount- ed the steps and entered the hall. The king marvel- led much at the wealth he saw there,
5440 rrihe Sperhauke at perche to fight difplaid, and perceived the
■*■ Which beuteuous, fair, huge, and gentile was. htaperch. Then*
Thys full wurtliy man Aforn ther hym faid,
" kyng, vnderftand me here a litel fpace, 5444 Without flepe ye moft here wak m this place
Thys fperhauke thre days & nyghtes thre ;
And ye mow noght, Alway here byde niofte ye
said the old man, " King, you must here watch this sparrow-hawk tor
three days and nights.
5448
I
ff that terme ye wake and J>«t ye flepe noght, rFol 104 , What-fo ye demaunde, of trouth haue fhal ye, jj you succe
Off ertlily thinges but not celeft wrought, Excepte the body of thys lady fre ;
nil may ask a boon, demanding
188
THE KING WATCHES THE SPARROW-HAWK.
For gold ne filuer hir liaue may not be."
any earthly thing save lady Melior's
body." 5452 The king laid, " wold wake without iompno-
lence, To fede thys fperhauke do my deHgence."
T
he kyng toke to wrake, And faid auife wold "What gift wold demaunde After nisdites thre.
The king said lie
would watch, but
he took ill counsel
with himself. " _ "
Then the old man 5456 111 concell he toke, fucli yift demaund fhold,
departed.
Whereof il Guerdon therof haue f hal he.
Thys good man parted, the king hood Juparde, Wher tho his behold put ententifiy 5460 To the riche nobleffe that he faw with ey.
The king watched all that day and that night, feed- ing the sparrow- hawk. Seeing also plenty of food and wine,
That day waked he And also the night, In gentile difporte to hertys plefaunce. He ther flepte no flepe, manly waked ryght, 5464 The fperhauke fagely fede by gouernaunce, A repafte hym yaf wel to conyfaunce. Off vitaill and wines faw he gret fuiion, Which tho was had in this garnyfon.
he took a repast of fl hat pleased him. Next day, he again watched all day and all night ; and the third morning again fed the bird. Seeing a door open,
[Fol. 104 b.] he entered another chamber,
which was full of birds, painted in vermilion. The
5468 TTis refection gan refceiue and take
J- J- Ther of by and has at his owne deuife. The morne, all day full well gan to wake And all night ; the morn fed ]>e hauke in heft wyfe,
5472 Hyt pleafed and gladded l hertes franchife. A dore faw open all behinde hys bake, Pertly entred in ; of nobles ther no lacke.
HE neuer beforne faw fo huge richeffe, W In 'rin vnto fight briddes were many, Whi[_c]h uermaill 2 colour peynted were expreffe ; The chambir peynted, portraed 3 fref hly Aboute the walles with fine gold to ey ;
1 MS. " gladdes." 2 MS. " mermaill." Fr. text, vermeillon. 3 MS. "portarcd."
HE EXAMINES THE PAINTED CHAMBER.
189
5480 Figured kniglitis were emiironee,
With ther Amies peynted as thai fhold be
portraits were there of many knights,
T
o that refemhling thes figures were. and under each
was written the
Vnder ther names wrete w/t/t letters blake, name of each,
with the date of
5484 Where the fcripture laid right in thys manere ; his undertaking
the adventure, and
In Inch A yere.luch on here gan to wake, how he failed,
But he flepte and in fompnolence was take ; here of-fors he mofte byding take and dwell 5488 As vs to honour and for to ferue well ;
W1
rhere-hens thay f hull noght depart veryly Fro ' thys vnto the day of Iugement. Tlire places ther were appering to ey 5492 In thys chambre, had full conuenient,
(Wherto euery man myght his fight hent), A certain Armes, And fuch A fcripture Vnder writen was firefly, he ye fure,
and had to remain there till the Day of Judgment. There were also three places where were seen three coats-of-arms,
5496
Where this fcripture faid full merueloufly, (In thys caftell here wrete with letters date wheneach of
(I
blake), In fuch yere fuch on, the. which his god by Caufed and made well plainly for to wake 5500 Our noble Sperhauke without fompnolence take ; Hys gift therfor had by full gret prudence, And by hys good notable diligence.
and beneath each was written the
the knights under- took the ad venture and succeeded.
Allfo thys chambre well depeynted was Ffro foote of wallure the ouife vnto, Which deuided2 nacions by and has And thes eftrange regions all [-so]. Full uaillant and wurthy were thys men tho, 5508 Which noght ne went to fumpnolent fleping, But myghtyly And pufantly were waking,
[Fol. m.i.] The walls of the chamber were painted from top to bottom. These three knights were valiant, and did not go to sleep.
i MS. " For."
- A mis-translation ; sec Note.
190
THE LADY MELIOR AT LAST APPEARS.
The king mused on these things till lie almost slept; then fear- ing lest he should do so, retreated.
The third night he also watched ; and on the fourth morn came the lady, clothed all in green.
The king salutes the lady, who praises him and asks him what he will have, for she will only refuse him one thing,
[Fol. 105 b.J which she will not pay. The king thanks her, and asks her love. She, greatly angered, denies him flatly,
and bids him ask something else.
A3
ISTd the giftes all therof bare Away. Thys king in mufes ther was full ftrongly 5512 In the nobleffe of this caftell alway,
That almoft he flepte, hut not A-flepe fully, For Alway waked he full befily. Ther vnto deuife Anon toke the ufe 5516 hou he myghtwell ouermoche tomufe ;
Uier-thens departed he full opinly. That night worthily wacched hys perfon. To hym aniorn Appered full erly 5520 Thys lady clothed with grene enuiron,
With lufty frefh colour after the ceafon ; For rnoft cheffeft time was of fomertide That ther hys wacche gan fo to prouide.
5524 T^ull fuetly the kyng hir falute And gret,
-A- Which was hertly glad of hir good corny ng. She faid hym goodly, " non myght ther no hett, you will haue a-quitte As in your waking.
5528 rewarde and behold what gift will be hauyng; Vnto you with-f&j neuer fhall hire me, Sauyng And excepte only o gift be,
5532
Wherof the dowte ; in no wife fhall pay. l Now demaunde and afke at your owne plefaunce." " Graunt mercy, lady," the king hir gan fay, " Certes, fine fwete hert, non will this inftaunce But your body ; " then fhe, Ml of noifaunce, 5536 Hys gift plainly gan refufe And deny,
Sayng, "mufarde, fole, me fhall not haue furely,
s
Om other yifte demaunde, afke, or craue ; 2 For ye my body certes haue ne may ;
1 In the margin — to say and vne-say is the propertie of a woman. • In the margin — mark what is bc-tivene truthe and vn-truthe.
melior's wrathful rebuke of the king.
191
5540 For gold ne filuer it fhall ye not haue." he faid, " I will non other gifte thys day Then yonr body, in guerdon to my pay.
I you here promife if it haue ne fhall,
5541 Other gift I will non demaunde at all."
But he reiterates his request, and will have no- thing else.
rnHys fair lady was full wroth and malice, -*- Hym ther anfwered w/t7?out tariing, " Certes, if ye more demaunde in fuch wife 5548 My body to haue, your gift fhall be leilng, And fuch mifchefe therof you be comyng "Wherof ye ne fhall neuer come to ende ; So huge heuineffe to you fhall difcende.
She is very angry, and tells him that, if he persists, he will find that great mischief will hefall him,
5552 TT^Or that roiall rewme which in hand hold, -L And J>«t ye gouerne now, lo ! prefently, Dif herite fhall be your hoires manyfold, And difcomflte lefte euerlaftingly."
5556 He ther anfweryng, " be it witte or foly,
you will haue to lone, fin yifte me haue yif on, I wrill no"ht defire non other guerdon." '
for that he shall lose his kingdom, and his heirs shall be disinherited. He again says he will have nothing else.
FOltifh muferde," faid, " of itt f halt thou fail], 5560 Outerly haft loft thy quarell to craue ;
Other gift here hens fhall by no gouernaill ; Then grett mifchaunce to purchace and haue; The difceiueth tliy cautels in hert graue, 5564 Which the fo meueth with Ml grett folay; Now leue thi defire, auail the ne may.
[Fol. 106.] "Fool," says she, " thou hast lost all ; thy trickery deceives thee, and moves thee to folly.
THy man to-auaunce, by hys folay rage Lefmg liis lady in loue amerous, 5568 By his gret folay and cruel outrage, For that growen is fo coragious; Meluline b«t Eaymouwd gan to efpous,
1 In the margin — truthe, thouge yl teas vnto his paync and vnto /tis vter vndoynge.
Thine ancestor, by his folly, lost his spouse. His name was Raymond,
and he espoused Melusine. »
102
MELIOR TELLS HIM OF PRESINE 8 ENCHANTMENT.
King Guy, from whom thou art descended, was my nephew. We were three sisters, and enclosed our father Helmaa within a rock,
because he broke his oath made to our mother Pre- sine. And when we had done this,
[Fol. IOC &.]
our mother was angry with us, and made me watch tliis spar- row-hawk here, without ever de- parting hence.
The ring on finger fettyng of recorde, 5572 Which fhe had fo made na where gretter lorde.
THe kinge Guy, of whom thou difcended ert, Was my neuew, vnderftande thys cas. Suftres thre we he, y ly you noght at hert, 5576 Which for finne and crime of the kyng helmas, Our fader, Tpat we clofed hy and has With-in the gret Eoche which he hym-felfe
made ; Oth to our moder and pat hroken had,
5580 TTTHych tho called was the lady prefme, " ' In Gefian1 no wife fhold liir hehold; hir defire to kepe wold hy no couyne, And ther he hir faw ryght as I haue told ;
5584 For that of hir and vs loft hath the hold. And when enclofed within was fully, In the Eoche, As well As thought vs only,
0'
Uur moder therfor was wroth and malice. Ther f he me made, hy werkes of fairy, This fperhauke to kepe in tliis maner wife, And without euer to uoide hens truly. But the For-takyng left to me only ; 5592 That was the gifte that fhe gaf to me In hir malice, wreth, and ill cruelte.2
To Melusine she pave the property of becoming a ser- pent every Satur- day, as a punish- ment.
A nd after fhe gaff vnto Melufine,
-£*- My fufter, Avhich was A madyn ful fare, 5596 A gift to endur, neuer determine,
Whilis the worlde lafte neuer make retrair ;
The fetterday vnto A ferpent repair.
Off trouth it is fo, like As I you fay ; 5600 Eaymound breke his othe and loft hir for ay.
1 MS. " Scfian." 2 In the margin — the losce off a Fayre lady.
MELIOR FORETELLS THE KING'S MISFORTUNES.
193
F
\Ov hir fhokl not fe the fetterday nowyfe, Folily tho faw, loft lib? company ; Wlierfor diftreffed ftrangely, to denife, 5604 lie And hys line fille ; neuer creffed hy ; Thys toke thay a fall yut to fight of ey. Paleftine my fuftre, yongeft to fnrmitte, At qnonig montain in Arragon f hitte
Her husband was never to see her thai day, but he . broke iiis oath. Palestine, my youngest sister, is in a mountain in Arragon.
5608 As long As thys wordle hath endnrannce, -£*- Fro thys hy montain neuer put Away. Ther fhall warde and kepe the trefour m fub-
ftaunce Off kyng helmas, our fader that day.
5612 Thys our moder ordained w/t7iout delay. But thys to conquere may non by engine, But difcended be of kyng helmas line.
There she keeps watch over King Ilelmas' treasure, which none but one of our lineage may win.
NOw knowitk thys then, difcended ye be. yff that my wurdes vnderftande well do, Meue ne ftore l fhokl no fuch aduerfite As of my body hauyng wif you to. That which your is noght ye will hold fo, 5620 By pat you may come full huge ill and pine, To you and to all youres of your line ;
[Fol. 107] You ought not then to wish to have me to wife. Owing to this, you shall suffer great misfortune,
I
doubte me ryght noght thai fhall gett a fall, and your suc-
For tho fhall fuccede, after you command, their kingdom.
5624 holdyng your Kewme by fors of werre, and fhall shall bear the
tt>i/> j.it-1 11/-.L111 name of the king
knleling the liewme and alio the lande. of beasts. And he which lafte fhall leue it, vnderftand, Of A befte the name fhall he be bering, 5628 Which off all other is the brutall kin£.
R
yght thys fhall it be, beleue it full well, For certes off this I ly you no-thyng ;
Thus shall it be. But for your folly, you might have
1 "ftere." (?) 13
194:
THE KING IS " ANOINTED " BY UNSEEN HANDS.
had a blessing ; but now shall you receive a curse."
For, fir, ne had be thi foule corage fell, 5G32 And thy grett folay -with thine outraging, your unthriftineffe and curfed leuyng, lo ! ye fhold haue had benedicci'on ; And now ye f hall [haue] nialedicc/on.
Then Melior vanished away; and great mis- chance happened to this king.
5636
PArt to you here, where that ye f hall haue S
Such thing that ye percas fele now fhall." The kyng vnderftode fuch happe niyght not faue ; But f he uoided thens er that it gan fall, 5640 And uanifhed Away fro ther fightes all. I-now fhall he haue of f hamfull noifaunce, Anon it happned to hym gret mifcaunce.
[Fol. 107 6.] He was beaten on the haunches, sides, legs, arms, unil head, so that he came to a " hard fast," and felt the strokes on his chine.
Ho cried for mercy, and fled, being well anointed, and having no sleeve or rag whole on him.
THere fmeten was hanches and fides vppon, Als vppon legges, amies, and hede. To herd faft tho cam in conclulion ; his opinion ! right noght went in-ded, "Well felt the ftrokes on the chineffe bred. 5648 All the fkyn tho was torn and to-rent, Many ftrokes had ryght full violent.
" A las ! " he faid, " for goddis loue, mercy ! -£*- leue off me now, or truly am dede ! " 5652 Then thay put hym hout, the kyng Away fly,
Which fo well was Anoyntecl indede,
That no fleue ne pane had he hole of hrede.
The kyng went hys way, hym-felfe auaunfing, 5656 In the fair inedew liis peple fynding.
Tlis people asked him how he had sped, and if ho
Ther hym demaunding hou Jjat he had do, (For off his dedes ne knew thai no-thing) ; Hou he had fped, And were wel wacched to 5660 Without fompnolence or any flepyng,
MS. " opunion.'^
MISFORTUNES CAME UPON HIM AND ALL HIS RACE.
195
Beforne this gentill Sperliaiike being.
The kyng anfwerd without mifded fine,
" For foth," faid he, " to my ille Auenture ! "
5664 rriO diHoge tham made quikly and lightly, ■*- To fe cam anon, ryding A ftrong pas. Into A fair barge the kyng went lightly, he and hys peple ; no tarying was.
5668 To vnarme hym the kyng made in fat place. Wonderful! fortune had he in the fe, But not-withftandyng ftrongly rowede hee,
mi
5672 -*-
hat in f hort bref time at port gan Ariue At hauyn of Crius, into hermeny. The kyng iffued fro liis nauee bliue. long wold it be Al to rehers only, But unto decline went he forth dayly. 5676 Many tymes after curfed the day That in Melior had put his loue ay.
PErceued it was by hys owne defert, Saw he and his land fhold be difherite, 5680 Exile and deminute by his dedes fmart.
"When fro the worlde cam in-to ending plite, A kyng after hym regned in J? at fite, Which be half ' was wurfe in hys gouernaunce, 5684 And nyne hoires after like wife in fubftaunce.
T
had kept good watch. He re- plied that he had fared ill.
Then rode they to the sea, and took ship, where the king took off his armour. Then rowed he strongly,
[Fol. 108.] so that he soon arrived at a haven of Armenia. From that day his fortunes declined.
He was well aware it was all his own fault. After him reigned another unfortunate king, and after him nine others.
may loft ther lande and all ther hauour, Inclinyng and comyng vnto mifchaunce. On of thes kynges cam to Fraunce ]>at houre, 5688 So fro hermeny chaced in-to Fraunce,
Full long the kyng ther gaf hym fuftinance ; At Parys died As happned the cas, At the celeftines entered he was.
5692 f\S hys dedes non enquere will take,
^ hys men clothed white, (As of this kyng fre),
1 IMS. "behalf." Fr. text, la moitie. 13*
They at last lost all. One of them came to France, died at Paris, and was buried in the Celestiu convent.
His men wore white at the
196
THE ROMANCE OF THE LADY PALESTINE.
funeral ; not black as men do in France. This is no jape, but true.
Which in fraunce were wont life clothes blake, It is no iape, it is trouth to fee. 5696 Clothes blake comyn thing vfetl [be], As Avell an hundred, perfones As on, Ther clerly perceiiiecl may it he Anon.
[Fol. 108 6.] People wondered, not being used to ic; why they did it I know not. I now come to speak of Palestine.
At hys enterment for hym fo was doo, Wherof moche peple ther ahaf hed were ; For that nener before fain was to do fo ; "Wherfor it gan do certes wote I nere. Off Sperhauke caftell the maner lene I here, 5704 And begyn to fpeke of this damycell, The fair Paleftine, fomwat of hyr fpell.
She was shut up in a place in Arra- gon, where she wards her father's treasure ;
which none shall win except he be of her lineage. The chronicle treats this story briefly.
N'
"Ow will I declare of fair Paleftine, The fwctte, the curteys, gentile mayden fre ; 5708 In Conqs is fhitte by carfty l engine "W7t7dn Arragon, that noble contre, Where that hir faders trefour wardeth fhe At hir moder heft and commaundement. 5712 ho it may conquere, take, other hent,
The lande of promiffion f hall conquere. But fat trefour conquered f hall not be, But of hyr line difcended and borli were. 5716 A liteU fhall fay of Paleftine2 fre,
Brefly and f hortly palfe forth here will me ; For the Cronike doth treteth 3 this brefly, More ferther wold go, mater finde might I.
I only put down what it says, in- venting nothing. Now I return to Palestine, who is in the high moun- tain.
5720
TEre fay and declare after Jwt haue found e.
Of nouel thinges to our difcipline • No-thing I fynd at no tydy ftounde. Petorfl fhall Again to fair Paleftine, 5724 Which to that place deftened by Prenne ; 1 Sic iu MS. 3 MS. " rolcftinc." » Sic in MS
ADVENTURE OP THE ENGLISH KNIGHT.
197
Iii the hy montain Aboue-faid Ipe lite, Where many A cruell ferpent enhabite.
5728
28 A
Man may not into that montain go, [Foi. 109.]
Many men, both
That men f hall not finde to Avhome for to stem aud meek,
went thither, but
fpeke.
Many A knyght hath paffed it into, In fomer, winter, hoth ftourne men & meke. But non retourned, ne myght thens to-hreke, 5732 Iff in that montain longe time fogerned, But that he were ded or foule deftroed.
nunc returned; all were foully destroyed.
S'
1 0 As in fcripture I may fynden right, Off worthy knyghtes fidl many ther were, 5736 Myghty, ftrong, fers, And men beyng light, Thys faid gret trefour went for to conquere ; But no-thyng myght thai no wife acquire there ; In An ill hour vnto Jjc/t place went, 5740 For neuer after Again retourn hent.
There were many men who sought to win that trea- sure, but could get nothing. None returned.
r
"N Englande A knight, mighty and pufant, Which of knyghtly were moche knew to deelsof auaill, A gentile knyght, was worthy and uaillant, 5744 Which in knightly werke neuer gan to faill, Army dedes gan do in plate and maill ; A full goodly knyght, manly, debonair, With wurthy knyghtes taught was he full faire
5748
TIST the hy court of noble king Arthure,
Where knyghtes were taught uertu perfectly. Off Triftram-is line was hys engendrure, Which fiat whilom had full gret feignory. 5752 Aboute Arthure was yeres Ml thirty,
Off that Am not I untrew ne lefingour ;
He hurde fpeke and talke of this huge trefoure.
There was in Eng- land a mighty knight, who did anus in plate and mail ; who was brought up
in Arthur's court, and was of the lineage of Tris- tram. This knight heard of this trea- sure.
198
DESCRIPTION OF THE SERPENT IN ARRAGON.
[Fol. 109 6.] and said he would win it, and the Land of Promise afterwards.
T)romefTe ther he made to that montain go, 5756 -*- Which by manly ftreught many thinges wold don ;
This full riche trefour thought he conquere tho.
After he went into pat region,
And into the lande of promiffion ; l 5760 Thought vnto conquere all the hole contre,
With ftreught of fwerde therto apointed he.
He departed thence on a Tues- day, riding mer- rily to Arragon. He had only one page with him.
This knight was full good, manly, and hardy ; Ther-thens departed on A tewfday, 5764 Into Arragon riding merily.
With hym was but a litill page on way, No more felawfhip had hym to conuay, So he went and rode hys iourne anon 5768 That he ariued into Arragon.
Within the moun- tain dwelt a ser- pent, a hideous monster, whose paunch was as big as a wine-tun.
rpile Monte demaunded, men hym f hewed tho, -■- Where within had was A monftre hycluous, Merueloufiy fers and orgulous to, 5772 Aboue all other wormes moft perilous ;
hys panche As A pipe hug and comerous ; Fro A caue noght meued by no gouernail, Off liir uninete hugenelfe is "ret meruaill.
It had but one ear, and no nos- trils, and only one eye, which was a yard long. Its breath came out at its ears.
5776 T)ut on ere hath noght this monftrous geft, -*-' ~Ne noftrelles non appering in bed. Thys wonderfull and meruelous beft Ne but on ey hath middes the forehed,
5780 Which thre fote ny hath, wat in lenght & bred. hir breth by the ere hath ther iffew oute, Wherof all the wordle 2 foumieth all Aboute.
^IS. " proniffion."
2 MS. " wordley." The translator was thinking of moncle ; but read "mount;" Fr. text, numt.
PALESTINE S TREASURE, HOW GUARDED.
190
ALway in ilepe this curfed cruell fend. When that he rowted, thing litell or grett In this faid cane is felonefly tende, Wliere the ryght wone ' was of Paleftinc fett, Warding thys trefonr hy kyng helmas get, 5788 By Iugement of hyr moder faid. 2
The dore to the cane myghty ftrong was had,
[Fol no.) It always Blept ; and when it snored everything
near it was dis- turbed. Here dwelt Palestine.
w
'ith yren bondes at entre of Jns cane,
Wliere this riche trefonr fhitte & made faft was • 5792 Which nener was nnfhitte entre to hane,
For the warde had this monftre in Jwt place. To entre therby non dnrft for hir manace, P»nt iffued be of helmas linage, 579G Which aforn haue faid in my rude langage.
T
Ihys lady prefine ordaned alfo, When to hir doughtres thes gyftes gif had, Thys caue enmyddes thys faid montain tho, 5800 Wher moche peple were to perifhing lad. Of caues and dich.es vnder I-now made, Full of ferpentes, inly perilous, And vrith other places full meruelous.
The monster guarded the cave's door, where the treasure was shut in. None but one of Ilelmas' line could enter.
Here many men perished. The ditches round about were full of sei pente, very dangerous.
5804 fTlhen ho wold it go, of-fors moft paffe by. -*- But neuer man J>«t place ne ftede went That fogeme wold ther for thyng any, But fat men thaim faw anon to retorn bent.
5808 Thys mont had but a fory path to hent, ful litell and ftratte was it vnto fe, To gon vp an by ther had miles tlire ;
581
3w
No man went there but he soon came back again. The path up the mountain was very narrow and three miles long,
Hich behouid go withe-out reft any, [Fol. no 6. i
Men had to go np
DOT where mail to lltte A place lhold without resting;
not fe, 1 MS. "lone ; " but Fr. text, la propre dem an .
»«fid"(?)
200
THE ENGLISH KNIGHT ASCENDS THE PERILOUS PASS.
for there was no place to sit down except one sat up- on serpents.
Enleffe vppon ferpentes fate truly ! And Infinite was of thaiin fuche plente. For dred of that fende unhabite be contre ; 5816 Off thys ftrange monftre, declared & faid, Thys hane it founde in writing difplaid.
This knight came riding thither, at- tended only by a page. When he drew near the place, he met a man,
"YTOw f hall come Again to bat wurthy knight, -L ' Which ther cam ryding A courfire vppon ;
5820 Alone his uiage, fauyng A page ryght,
Thys good knight w/tftout reproche of perfon ; When thys montain approched ny to gon, A good man be l fund enmeddis the way,
5824 Which to this montain hym gan he conuay.
who led him to within a mile of the place, and then left him to go on alone, showing him the path whence none re- turned.
SO when that he was A mile of certain, Then vnto hym faid, " no nerre will I go ; Sir, be-hold yande that hiduous montain. 5828 lefe will I ne wyn ; fre knyght, go ther-to." The path hym f hewed wherby moft go tho, Fro-whens 2 neuer cam Again here no wight For foth at no day vnto mannys fight ;
His guide depart- ed, and the knight rode on. At the mountain he dis- mounted ami gave his page the rein, and bade him wait ;
5832 A nd yut hath ther be men mo then twenty. -£*- hys gidour ne wold lenger fogern 3 plain, Fro-thens 4 deperted, retornyng wightily. Thys knyght fo rode, he cam to that montain.
5836 Ffro courfer lepte don, hys page toke be rain. Firmely commaunding hym f hold there abide, Noght Fro horfbakke go till he cam, no tide.5
[Fol. 111.] though he only had to wait in
"Dut,
JJ y
Kit, certes, for noght there Abide fhold he, 5840 ■*-* Full well myght he lete hys hors to pafture ; For neuer his maifter Again fhold fe.
i "he" (?) 2MS. "For whens."
3 MS. " fogren." 4 MS. " For thens."
5 At the hottom of this page is the catchword : — " But certes for noght there Abide."
HE KILLS A SERPENT AND FIGHTS A BEAR. 201
This kniglit departed to this auenture, vain. The knight
commendshlmaelf lo god commaunding, bliihng hys figure ; to God, and enters
5844 Entring within this narew path Jwt ftoimde, That dais of lif neuer fuch on f [o]und.
the path,
E
yght will armed was thys noble knight, being weu armed.
At j. i j? /»x*i • i • i niii He soon seesaser-
good iwerd 01 itile in ins nana lioldyng ; ,,eut comiug run.
5848 Thys mont toke, narew and ftikell to light. vourhim.'and
An horrible ferpent faw he eomyng, SEEKS.
Towardes this knight, vppon hym rennyng; Trowyng hym deuour that houred inl'taunce,
5852 With a yanyng throte gain hym gan ' Auaunce.
T
hat fine good cnftell that in hand gan hold The knight bran Brandet worthy
Brandes the good knyglit, uaillant and and cuts its neck
in two at a stroke. The serpent fell
Hym to aftail the ferpent full bold, was 10 feet long.
5856 He As man fers Approched hir ryght ny ;
With o foule ftroke the necke cute ato fwiftly ; The ferpent fill don dede for all hyr ftrenght, Which worme was ny ryght ten hole feete of lenght.
58G0 "ITThen the feri^ent faw ther ded mortally, Upward again he
1/1/ l J mounted, but
' ' The montain gan take : vpwarde ftied there, soon sees a huge
bear coming apace,
As man quicke and wight with all the body. which, however,
he encounters
Gayn him eomyng faw A-pace A huge bere, boldly,
5864 Hym vnto aflaill cam 2 with all power ;
But of hym thought he to faill in no wife, With gret raundon cam to hym in his gife.
F'
o hys fhethe thys knight drew hys good [Foi. in 6.1
drawing his su ord
fwerd hard, like a mighty man.
5868 As A mighty man, wurthy and hardy ; Shewing inly well he was no coward.
1 MS. "gain." 2 MS. " can." Fr. text, vint.
202
THE KNIGHT CUTS THE BEARS SNOUT OFF.
The bear gripped his shield, and clutched at his shoulder, tearing his hauberk ;
Vppon the fhild hym grypte thys bere tho
ferefly, On liys f hulder als hapned verily ; 5872 Hys niailled hauberke broken and to-tore, Hys fhild vnto gronnde drew hym before.
but he smote the bear in the groin, giving him a wound a foot long, and cutting off his snout, so that he could not bite.
TO hys good fwerd tho had niifter and nede, The beres gret groin tho fmote he vppon ; 58 7G With hys fwerd fo gripte of fine manly-hede, Ther all fnowte and groin fmote he of Anon, More then A large fote, of recorde fo dofl. Tho divrft he noght charge As of his bityng, 5880 By hys eyes twain of was it f hering.
The bear was very chapfallen at this,
yet raised his paw against him again; but the knight leaps lightly aside.
With aback stroke of his sword he cuts off the bear's paw. But it rear- ed up, and clutch- ed him with the other paw. Both fell together.
THys beftly bere was paffyng old and ftrong, Natheles tho was heuily ehermat ; But not-for-that haufed hys pawe Alonge, 5884 Trowyng to hapne hym to rafe j>at dat.
But full wyght and light was this knight algat,
Ther tho made A lepe wyghtly in trailers
Fro this bere, which was fers, bold, and diuers.
5888 A bakwarde fmote he with hys fwerde of ftile, -^*- 0 paw of the bere of was there keruyng ; On hys hynder feet reifed up that while, And to this faid knight full ny approching,
5892 That with that other paw hym was cracching. All hys Armure he to-breke and tere, So both on an hepe fill, both knyght and bere.
[Fol. 112.] Then the knight
with his dagger cut the bear's
throat, so that it quitted its hold.
589G
But thys bere myght noght in no wife bite; Then at his gerdell Anon toke tlus knight A dagger full good, fourged of profite, Thorugh hys throte yaf A ftroke with all his
myght So that gretly hurt was this in foule wyght.
T
THE KNIGHT SEES THE SERPENT-MONSTER. 203
5900 Thev lefte the here his pris, ftoned fore was, Then the knight
., cut off its other
lhat other pawe the knyght imote oi in Ipat paw. place ;
mo cafte he vp A full meruelous cry. At last the knight
Then this manly knyght without other lette the beiiy up to the
,,-,■, r> «»pp i cross-hilt of his
590-i Thorugh Delay hym imote to croiie oi iwerd ny ; sword, on went Vnto mortall deth [t]he here to grounde fhette. serpents." Thys good englifh knight his fwerd in fheth
fette ; So vp went, doing huge diftrucc/on,
5908 Off ferpentes made grete occifion,
And off beftes wilde many on "an fie, At Iast he reached
J ° the top, and drew
hou-he-it that he fuffred full grett pain. near the iron door
of the cave, which
So going up hy till to coppe came he, the monster
EUctrdcd
5912 By fors and ftrenght fo palling the montain,
So niyng to the caue wher this monftre was plain, Which the yren dore warded of the caue "Where the trefour was that he trowed haue,
59 1G "TTThich Avas enclofed hy werke of favrv, But he entered the
1/1/ w v v ' mvp in an *»vil
cave in an evil
W1
' T In an ill hour cam, which was gret folay. hour; for he soon
" perceived the
Into diche and caue entred vnhaply : monster with its
eye a yard broad,
And As fone As he refte ther had alway, 5920 Perceiuyng this monftre where pat fhe lay,
Which had A large eye, (thre foote was Aboute), And when that fhe hym perceued all-oute,
R.
Ayfed was anon with wonderfull corage, cFoi. 1126.]
5924 -Li' As A malice befte with cruelnelfe fett ; teckedMnT^The
Towarde thys good knight Auaunced hir outrage ; come> ln',t WOttid Thys monftre belay As pipe large and gret. determined wLe
Thys knight faw hir come, w/t/i-draught wold ltataUriBk8- not gette, 5928 But that alwais again hir go wold
For what-fomaner vnto hym come fhold.
204
THE SERPENT SWALLOWS THE KNIGHT WHOLE.
Drawing his sword he smote it, but his strokes failed to hartn it. Nei- ther iron, steel, nor wood could wound it. It bit his sword in half,
TT Is fwerd fro fheth drew, this monftre yafe
-*--*- ftroke grete,
But no-thyng was wurth tlie ftroke hir gan take ; 5932 Wlier with tlie bake or with fwerd egge gette,
To this monftre might noght do hurt ne wrake
With yre, ftile, ne tre, hou-fo it gan make.
Thys monftre -with teeth the fwerd ther taking, 5936 In moitees to Forthwith it breking,
though it was all of steel. Then with a yawning throat it swal- lowed the knight down whole.
A1
The knight seem- ed no more in its mouth than a pasty in an oven. Thus died he, and it was a great pity.
[Fol. 113.] Thus was this good English knight devoured by this monster, and it was a great
pity.
]S~d yut was f he fourged all of ftile ; Thys knight noght of hir myght to-tere ne rafe. The fwerd wel ground, no harder many mile, 5940 The fharpneffe ne hardneffe no-thing wurght was. "With A yanyng throte thys knight gan manace, All at a morfell fwolewed knight furely ; (Oft1 thys here now faid in no wife do ly) j
5944 rphys knight fwolewed, in throte noght pering J- More then doth A paftay in ouen truly ! l With full gret dolour in thys wife deing, Gret demage and hurt was it uerily.
5948 For in hym was had huge hardefle furely, For moche had doii of manly dedes fair, But nomore fhall do thys knyght debonair.
THys englif h good knight was wit7iout focour, Which this faid trefour trowed to eonquere, Tbat whilom by days had gret honour ; "With thys monftre was this deuoured there ; Gret damage it was of thys baculere,2 5956 For in hym was had full gret wurthinefie,
Socour wras ther non, but to deth mofte dreffe.
1 In the margin — deaf he of a noble knyglrfe \ji\at was of sir [T~\ristrams
2 MS. "baiulere." Sec Glossarial Index.
HIS PAGE RELATES HIS SAD FATE.
205
N
Oght fo hv As lie neuer man vp went, No one ever got
so high up the
The more in hym was of hug wurghtineffe ; mountain as he
5 9 GO Kemembred ought be his knygktly entent, Stilled ne put fhold be in hodelneffe. No man, As feith this hiftory expreffe, Neuer went fo ferre As to memory,
5964 In that meruelous Eoche being fo by,
did. His daring
should be remem- bered, not lost in oblivion. No man ever went higher.,
A5
s wilfolly gan do thys full good knight. Too days hys page ther fogernyng fure At the hill fote ; after retornyng ryght 5968 Into Englande ftreight ; wher thys auenture Declared to many a creature, "Which caufed to write therof thys hiftory, To ende that it fhold be now in memory.
His page waited for him two days, and then returned tu England, there relating this ad- venture to many.
5972 A nd thys ther he knew by A good deuyfi, -£j- \Vliich fointyme was clerke Merlyn vnto, Which ther dwelled, to life gan determyn. Vnto thys faid clerke ran all the worle tho,
5976 For ther neceffite vnto hym gan go,
Wherof he wold fay trouth and verite, For entirely all ryght full well knew he,
A certain divine, who had been clerk to Merlin, dwelt there (in Arragon), to whom many went tw hear the story.
Like As hade be ther in propur perfon, [Foi. ns b.i
. . . He was a scholar
And had coniyn ftreight Iro the iaide raon- 0f Toulouse, and
during twenty taiu. years gave true
™ . , r i • • replies toany
Tins deuyn was ot good cogmcion, questions he was
And a fcoler was of Tholoufe certain, As witneffeith litterall fcripture plain. 5984 Yerily moche more then yeres twenty Neuer ther cam man vnto hym truly,
B
ut hym declared the trouth and uerite Off all maner tiling that man demaunde wolde.
The page, there- fore, went to uiin.
206
and learnt from him all the truth just as I have now told it you.
A MESSENGER COMES TO GEOFFREY,
5988 For that the page with hyrn thought wolde be, Which fubtille and fage was he manyfold ; All trouth and verite by hym was vnfold Of that I haue told, declared, and fayd ;
5992 By this notable clerke was it displaide.
There was also a man of noble birth in Hungary, who came to this mountain : but he was not there long,
Ther was on hade in lande of hungery, Which defcended was of A noble line. Thys trefour to conquere thought he manly, 5996 But by hym may noght be it to termyne.
To this montain cam this noble knight fine, The monte elymbed up ten or twenty pas, And ther taried noght no whiles ne fpace.
being very soon devoured by ser- pents ; but he went not up so high as that other. Pity the English knight was not of the right lineage.
6000
fTmer with ferpentes he deuoured was,
Xawher ny went vp As other gan doo. Many deuoured hath be in that place, Nbn f hall that trefour conquere hym vnto 6004 But of the lynage be difcended fro.
Full heuy it was that this goodly knyght Off Englande had noght be off that line ryght.
[Fol. 114.] He was descended from Tristram, and had assuredly won the treasure, had he been of the right lineage.
TTE defcended was off full by parage, 6008 -*-*■ Off Tristram hys line cam of natiuite,
As the hiftory reherfith hys linage.
Forfoth that trefour conquerd then had he,
So of that linage aboue-faid had be, 6012 Full cliiualrous was certes at J>«t day,
Ferre and ny as any of thaim to fay.
Then came a mes- senger to Lusi- g.ian, where Geof- frey was enjoying himself with all honesty.
T
ho it cam and fill in that ceafon there, That A meffinger paffed forth tho by,
6016 Wber G affray with gret toth was in his manere At ioyous difport ryght full merily At lufignen caftell with ftrangers many ;
AND TELLS HIM ABOUT THE TREASURE. 207
To which egall fporte non the yere f hold fee, 6020 In gentile rnaner with all honefte.
With hym ladyes and damycelles fair, With him were
ladies and damsels Connyng, gracyous, humble, and benigne ; in a fair arbour.
. Geoffrey tells the
Gentile, womanly, and m debonair, messenger he is
6024 In a fair herber to fport gan in-cline.
A meffinger cam ; faw well by hys fyne. Streith to Gaffray went, hym fair falutinge ; - " Sir, ye be welcome," Gaffray hym fayng.
6028 rphis meffinger connyng and gentile was, and asks him the
J- Off hys mouth iffued fugred fwete langage ; SSSinSSSL !Nbuels demaunded Gaffray in pot place. have justt^dyoa
Aforn lades and damicelles fage.
6032 He lryni fette and told all the huge outrage (Like As this boke reherfith here before) All the dedes told off thys knyghtes lore ;
A'
Nd whereto thys fers nionftre doth repayre, [Foi. im b.i
and tells where the
6036 l\. Which peple hath diftroide fo many, monster was who
Myghty, ftrong, fers, bold, gentile, debonair, sureofHeiLa^ And hou the trefour wardeth myghtyly great'iy manvK
Off helmas, which was fo ryche and fo worthy ;
6040 Neuer perceiued non hke off auaill.
Gaffray full moche therof gan meruaill,
0'
|ff thys faid nionftre werof he gan fpeke. and says he wm
m />< in, p • i i ii E° and destroy the
lhys monitre to deitroy laid he Avoid go, monster. He 6014 With-all the trefour conquere and oute breke. sent to his brother
Hys men made redy qwikly, no refte made tho, and govern his
Forthwith fend he hys brother Thierry vnto
To hym come, and cam ; after hym fayng, 6048 The contre gouerne to hys retornyng.
realm.
F
Or thys Gaffray was of fers harde corage ; This Gcotfrey was
-vr l i ill i j. of a fierce courage,
JN euer hys days wold he noght mary,
208
GEOFFREY DIES IN A GOOD OLD AGE.
Iii wife to entre As in mariage ;
and would never
made over his 6052 No woman wold betrouth neither affy.
saying he should Vnto hys brother the lande toke goodly,
Sayng he mofte go withoute any refte,
Off that riche trefour for to make conquefte.
But lie was prevented by sickness and age. Alas ! had he lived, he would have had the trea- sure,
6056 T)ut when that he fhold hane taken hys way, J-' Gret fikneffe hym toke and age gan repair ; On his bed don layd w/t7i full grett feknes Thys gentill knyght, ftronge, fers, & debonair,
6060 Which fo many gud dedys hath don.
Alas ! the trefour of Comquez fhold had, So that lif my ght haue, (for of all was drad),
[Fol. 115.J ami the Land of Promise, that Holy Land. But death, who spares none, made war ou Geoffrey; and
6064
6068
ANd the lande haue hade off promifhon ; Iff god wold haue fend hyni good liffe and long, Conquered fhold that holy regyon. But deth fparith noght tho feble ne ftronge, With Gaffray hath take were other Among, And to hym comyng A grett paffe w/t/i-all, Ther making hym were l dedly and mortall.
against death hath no man any power. Death smote Geoffrey sorely with his cruel dart,
QO uenquifflied was by dethes gouernall, ^ Agayn hir noman hath fors ne pufaunce
6072 Be he not fo ftronge or of ryche auaill,
Als well tho feble As ftrong in fubftance ; Non hath power gain dethis gouernaunce, Be he Baron, Markeis, Erie, Duke, Prince, or kyng;
6076 With hys cruell dart Gaffray fore fmiting,
piercing his heart.
Full ftreight the ftroke went ther vnto hys hert, "Where-of ther was had inly gret dolor ; 1 MS. " wcry ;" Fr. text, ffiicrre.
GEOFFREY IS BURIED IN MAILLEZAIS ABBEY.
209
For in peiters fhold haue be well expert, 6080 I-now good dedys don wold by labor, Er that yere paffed any tynie or hour, Churches make and found, which deuifed were ; Bothe landes, rentes, thought he morteis there,
What Rood deeds he would have done in Poitiers, had he lived !
6084 rPO found and make noble churches gret.
T
But, alas ! these things were left
Alas ! full dolorous to bildyng f hal it bide ! undone. His
death will cause great heaviness.
Neuer fhall thay be fourged, made, and get, "Wliere-of is pite in many A fide ; 6088 Gret heuineife will it caufe full wide, And ne had the will and the plefire be Off our hy lorde, fittyng in trenite,
G Affray lith don like, ille touches feling, Wyn ne vitaill refceiue may for fekneffe ; Anon After the prefte were fending, Hys confeffour come, hym gan to confeffe, And ther beforn hym made to fay a meffe. 6096 After ordained making teftament Spiritually, after hys entent,
w
"hen deuifed hade hys lay thynges all. Then entered was at Maillers abbay, 6100 Where a fair repair had he full roiall. For of-new again made, it is no nay, ryght As he had diftroed it all-way. So by hym was made and furged again 6104 Off Maillers the church, w*t7i frefh werke Main.
[Fol. 115 &.i He can take no food. His con- fessor came and said mass. Then he made his will touching both spiritual and lay matters.
Then was he buried at Mail- lezais abbey, which he had re- built after de- stroying it.
T
her ligh[tl, ther hys thombe put is and fett ; There lieth he,
° L J and the author of
The frenfh maker feith it faw he with ey
Hys teftament made, it myght be no bett, 6108 And what lefte ouer, to pore made pay truly. So after paffyng to goddes mercy, All were paid in hys owne prefence, What-fo hym femed As in confeiencq. 14
the French Ro- mance there saw his tomb. Thus he made his will,
210
THIERRY SUCCEEDS GEOFFREY AT PARTHEXAY.
and yielded his soul to God. Had he lived longer, he would have done more.
6112 fr\o god yild his foule, hyni do mercy and grace, J- And of hys fynnys A generall perdon, For moch goodneffe gan do m many place As fone As in hym was put refon.
6116 Iff lenger leued, more wold he haue dori ; He is now dede, what fhall we then fay 1 That god hym pardon hys myfdedes ay.
iFol. 116.] Thierry was Geof- frey's heir, and governed both Poitiers and Par- thenay, being at first powerful,
but afterwards he alienated much of his property. Yet the descend- ants of Thierry reign at Parthe- nay still,
THierry was tho A full noble knyght ; Gaffray ther hym made hys enheritour Off all the contre which he hild hym dyght And that to hym pertained any hour. Thierry it hild, A noble gouernour, 6124 So he regned there, & in pertenay; Kegned and gouerned pufantly.
But after thys by hys mariage, geuyng to on here, to Anoder there, 6128 So Alienyng part of hys heritage.
yut noght-with-ftandyng god of hys power Caufith the line regne yut wtt/iout danger, At noble pertenay ther of lir Thierry 6132 Off trouth thai regne yut ryght worfhipfully,
as Melusine fore- told ; and may they long do so ! The line endureth to this day, and contains many noble knights,
As Melufyne faid, moder of that line, That long fchold endure the line of per- tenay ; God grant long endure, neuer determine ! 6136 Fro-thens till now durith the line alway In chiualrous knighthode vnto thys day ; Noble good knightes, gentile, curtes, fre, Among all other hauyng habilite,
of whom we shall speak a little, and then end. Espe- cially should be
6140 /\ff whom a litill we fhall be declaring, v/ After thys boke finifh fhall and end. Goddes knightes haue be, ther trouth neuer falling
MEDITATIONS UPON DEATH.
211
For king, Duke, Erie, Markeis, Baron, or frend. mentioned that 6 If 4 hit wil Appered by that good knight hend who causedbthis
That thys boke began, of Partenay lord, Grett honour had in life of recorde ;
HE that this boke made and gret parte gan do, This knight died, in life had gret honour ; For noght man may do gain mortal deth, lo ! The feble and ftrong takith f he ech hour ; Xon hir efcapith As by no labour, 6152 Be it king, or pope, or lordes of landes, All moft nedis paife truly by hyr handes,
[Fol. 116 &.] When it was partly done, this knight died ; for who can escape death?
THat is the trewage of bodies humayn. Al most by that path of fine fors to paife ; 6156 And that way compaffith ech foueran,
hou moche fro tham to hyr haue, hy or baffe. Oner-light flie is euermore, alaffe ' Alas ! fhe comyth wonderfull lyghtly, 6160 Man feith not the hour ne hou he fhall dy.
w
'Hen fhe oppreffith any creature, More fwetter ' fhe goth then arew any, Smitting man without wurdes faing fure. 6164 When on hir thenke, my hert fogheth heuely, And fo here fhold do ech humain body ; Euery man fhold doubt hir cruell hand, For ouer-gret ftroke yeuith with hir wand ;
6168
TMrmely and ftedfaftly redoubted fhold be.
All must pass along death's path. Alas ! it cometh unexpectedly, man sees not when nor how.
Death is swifter than an arrow. When I think on it, my heart sigh-' eth. Every man should fear its cruel hand.
Ho well on hyr thenke, all difport will leue,
Thenking, mufmg hys foides fauete,
As will man as woman, to fay in breue ;
6172 Ho wel on it thenke, fro ill will remeue.
In fuch wife gan do, I troAV it, all-way
Thys fore-faid lorde of roiall partenay.
i « fwyftcr." (?) 14*
Whoever thinks on death, must leave all pastime, and muse on his soul's safety. Whoever thinks on it well, will depart from sin.
213
THE DATE OF A CERTAIN LORD S DEATH.
[Fol. 117.1
One William was then Archbishop, and he well knew how good a man this lord of Par- thenay was.
61
roO:
X "William was the archebiffhope tho, Where of the name tho of Brffhope was wurthy ; At end knew full well wat thys lorde had do. He feing this lord good man was and holy, And well gouerned the lande here worly 6180 Till to finall ende he gan forth ftrike ;
Which end was full good and ryght autentike.
He died on the Tuesday before Pentecost, May 17, ad. 1407, and was buried at Parthe- nay.
[This date is wrong; it should be 1401.]
He lies in the church of the Holy Cross. He was very solemnly and honourably interred, be ye sure.
THe tewifday paffed Aforne penticcft, The yere A thoufand four hundred & feuyn wrend ; 6184 Thys full goodly knyght yild tho vp his gofte, ~No lenger ne might hym fro deth deffend ; To god behouid his foule yilde and rend On the xvii day of the moneth of may, 6188 And in erth lith at noble partenay.
r
~N church of faint croffe lith this courteis knight ;
Ryght full wurthyly made hys fepulture, And full nobly don As it ought of ryght ; 6192 Sollemply was entered, be ye fure,
And honourabilly all thing fourged pure
As it belonged lord and gouernour,
Both on lif And dede fhold haue "ret honour.
The day of his death was the very day on which the head of the blessed
Saint Louis, king of France, was translated to Paris.
[Fol. 117 &.] I do not mean that mj lord died in
6196 rPHe heuy day of his mortall paffmg
-L Was the fame day, (to be faid properly), That the facred hed of the gloryous king, halowed feint lowes, pWnce of fraunce moft by,
6200 That terreftriall leued bleffidly,
(Which of men is faid feint in parradis), Ther at that day tranflat to Paris.
But I fay it noglit As it to recorde That in that proper day was noght don
CONCERNING JOHN, LORD OF PARTHENAY.
213
When to mortall detli went my noble lord ; For made and done was the tranflacion In the yere of the incarnacion 6208 Off lied and of the glorious body ;
And he long fith dede, dais full many ;
that same year; for the translation of St Louis' head took place long before that.
Bl
>ut that day this feft firft honoured was, Euery yere after, J>e moneth of may ; 6212 Sith on of tho dais deth gan he purchas, As feruant f hold few, fo fewed his lord ay, Such lord gift myght deferue hym to ferue
alway, An-hy in heuyns to his lord afcend. 6216 This of my good lord here now make an end.
But I mean that he died on the anniversary of that event, fol- lowing his master as a servant should. Thus I make an end here of my good lord.
0
ff his noble fone, Iohan of pertenay, His noble son-
1 _ "" John of Parthe-
Oif whome declare f hall, his deuer gan do. nay, performed
the funeral ob-
By hym the obfequy well don that day, Bequies well, using
. many wax-lights.
6220 Enriched witJi light pertayning ther-to ;
All-be-it had heuineffe alfo,
Wifdom behouith to lete go and paffe
Which that men mow no^lit amend in no cas.
I
To ouermoche fuffre forew and paine ; "Who with dolour and wo the hert ouer-preffe, JSTaturall fole is fuch heuineffe fuftain, 6228 When that he may noght it reftore Againe ; Neuer wepe ne cry, neither fuch dole hold, Forfoth doth noirht well ne As the fage fhold.
But it is not wise to sorrow over- much, when the matter cannot bo mended. Those who do so are not v ise.
As to our purpos here will I repair, Touching our nouel new enheritour, Off noble pertenay Iohan the lorde hair, Off whom fpokyng haue here in langage our. A worthy man was and of gret honour,
[Fol. lis. j I return to his heir. John, lord of Parthenay and seigneur of Mate- felon, who is no cruel man.
214
MERITS AND LINEAGE OF THE SAID JOHN.
6236 The fouerain lord of Mathefelon,
Which, that is not cruellous ne felon,
but very courte- ous. He is sweet- er than any maid ; this he inherits from his mother.
i ut curtois, debonair, and vertuous ; Hyt appered well by hys workes eche braide. 6240 For he was gentile, fuete, and gracious,
K"on ille wold he do, but fain wold all aid ; He is more fuetter then is any niaide. Oif that he drawith after that laydy 6244 Ffro whom he is difcended uerily.
For she was very sweet and charit- able, and did much good to the poor;
and especially to those in great need. Many she raised to riches, of her great liberal- ity.
A more fuetter, humble, and amyable, Gentile, debonair, fage, wife, and connyng, Curtois, piteuous, and charitable, 6248 Sche vnto the pore ful gret good doing ; So gentile, fuete, fre in hert was being ; For fhe was of tho mof te bleffed uerily. Thai ben piteuous Among peple finely
6252
A s of tho which had grett neceffite,
Both mifter and ned vnto fom goodneffe. Full many therof railed vp hath fhe, Fro pouerte enhaufed to rycheffe, 6256 The which proceded of full hug nobleffe, Oif ryght gret franchife and hert piteuous To focour nedy and tho famylous,
[Fol. 118 6.] Hence my lord had a fair begin- ning, and, more- over, he is of royal lineage,
What-fomeuer doo, befemith hir goodly. Mi lord therof hath fair begynnyng ; Alfo belongith it, lo ! properly To tho of roiall linage being, And therof is he, I doubte me no-thing ; 6264 For of tho moft bliffid iffued and wend jSToght long Ago, and therof gan difcend.
being cousin ti> the King of 1 i.uii e, the
E cofyn vnto the by king of fraunce, By tin' which branchc honour is hauyng.
MELU8INES DESCENDANTS IN NORWAY.
215
6268 Off kyngis is moft nobleft and pufaunt, Off All the Avordle mofte fouerain kyng. All rounde the compas though man be fekyng, In all the wordle fo noble king is noght
6272 As the kyng of Fraunce, certes, to be thought.
mightiest king in the world. There is DO kin;.' so noble as the King of France.
H
is cofyn is, in hys moder parte, truly ; And in faider parte ny kin, to deuyne, To kyng of Cipreffe and off hermeny, G276 And by the difcent of thys noble line That beforn haue told of fair Melufme. Ny kyn he is to king off norway,1 For of Melufine difcended all thay.
He is cousin to the king on his mo- ther's side; and, through his father,
allied to the King of Cyprus, and also to the King of Norway.
6280 f\S tho knyghtes ben yut, lo ! in Norway, ^ Wurthi and doubty, and ladies many ; Within, this linage ccmprifed be thay, And knowyn ouerall ryght openly
6284 That thay difcended be of bat line hy Olf lufignen, which is notable grett, "Which fo iffued, into yrlan.de gett,
For knights of Melusine's line still live in Nor- way, and it is well known that they belong to the Lusignau family.
ANd vnto many Another contre, As beforne is faid by our gouernaill. Neuer line of told with thaim egaU be, Neither to bur2 fuch an 3 hug meruaill, IS'e hys dais fhall neuer, without faill, 6292 As ye haue hurde of lufignen children, lo ! Dome ye in no wife that lefmg fay you to ;
[Fol. 119.] No family was ever equal to this; nor can any man hear such marvels elsewhere as are told of Melusine's sons.
T
lrowe it ne fuppofe dreme to be any ; Off uerray trouth it is a tru dreme ryght. 6296 And ho faue noght fain this faid hiftory, Vnnethes will beleue this to be parfight.
1 In the margin— norway kynge.
2 Read " hire " = hear ; Fr. text, Ne oyt dire audi nouvdle.
3 MS. " and."
Think not I
dream ; or, at
least, it is a true
dream.
hath not seen
216
MORE PRAISES OF JOHN OF PARTHENAY.
this history, will scarcely believe the fact.
The seigneur of Matefelon, who is also lord of Par- thenay, shows himself to be a sweet creature,
For foth thys hiftory plainly fhewith to fyght like As I liaue declared you and faid, 6300 lio-fo luft it rede, may fe itt difplaid.
f\K Mathefelon the lord fouerain, ^J To whom our lord gif gret ioy and honour, Which of that manfion lord is certain, 6304 And of partenay, (refon is eche hour), Among all other A gentile henheritour ; In hys rule f hewing A fuete creature, "Which that is of full nohle nature,
for he will not leave unfinished the book his good father began. I believe that no man hates him.
[Fol. 119 6.] and, indeed, any one who sought to harm him would be a great sinner. He never refuses any deserv- ing man.
He should be named Alexander. I would say much more, only men would say I flatter; because he s still living ;
6308 Qln he will not leue the boke he began,
^ Hys god fader, to whom god gif pardon ! By hym of it gret laud and prefiing wan, For at this day, fo me aid god our patron,
6312 Men fliall noght fynd nawher fuchon.
I beleue that non this good perfon hate, lo ! I pray to our lord that he may wel doo,
TT^Or he hath made A good begynnyng. 6316 ■*- And he f hold be in fynne and crime by ryght,
Which that hym wold ille be purchalfyng.
To cherf h euery man laborith j?is knyght ;
Iff he fe that he be good man parfith, 6320 Ko-thyng will hym wern Jje/t he luft proclame.
Hym haue I fo hurd renomed of fame,
That Allexandre full wel name hym may ; Off hym mouch more fpeke and fay wold I, 6324 By my feith, ner I ffuppofed All- way That men wold perhaps fay I flatery, For that in lif is he perfonally, And thenke men fhold not preiffe other in p?'efence ; 6328 For tham fhold preife l ther werkys diligence 1 MS. " preife ; " Fr. text, huenl.
FRAISES OP HIS CHOICE OF A WIFE.
217
T
hat thai liaue done in time paffid euer, And fpeking, relierfing the dedes and fet
and we ought rather to praise the dead; yet men
Off tho which ben gon that no more may do neuer ; lord in time to 6332 Certes men may well of tham fpeke and -tret, here tell And declare all ther dedes gret. And when god will, men may of my lorde, In time to come, thynges off recorde.
6336 ~V7"ut I hire moche fpeke off hys roiall eftate, •*• Off his nobleffe, gentilleffe, and off hys dede, Off his contenaunce and mayntenaunce algat, The which I hold of hug noblehed.
6340 And full noble hold is off manlihed ; For difcended is fro fo hy A place, Off kynges, Dukes, Markois full of grace.
When conquered l haue and enferched well, For foth is A man of full hy parage, hys engendrure to declare and tell, Comyn is he off full noble linage. Among other hys wif gracious and fage, 6348 humble, curteis, gentile, debonair,
And ne mulith noght but all good and fair.
I hear many speak of his gentleness, countenance, and demeanour; for he is descended from kings, dukes, and marquises.
[Fol. 120.] He is found, on inquiry, to be of high parentage. His wife also is humble, courte- ous, and intent on good;
El
luery man feith, " well (As femeth me) To-geders affembled inly well be thai ; 6352 Entrelouing non better may be.
In that aftat our lord tham hold alway." Thys lady is of perregort, is no nay, Doughter to the Erie which )v<t is dede. 6356 That mariage no mahyme to his kinred,
F
^Or noble line is off Auncionte, Off long time paffed ferre fro memory. For in charlemain time anteceffour had f he ; 6360 When charlemain had conquered truly 1 Rather read, "enquered; " Fr. text, quis.
so that they are well met. This lady is of Perigord, daugh- ter to the late carl. His marri- age is no disgrace to his kindred;
for she too is of a noble line. For when Charle- magne had con- quered all Guienne
218
PRAYERS FOR A CONTINUANCE OF MELUSINE S LINE.
and the country round it,
The liole erldome and contre by werre myghty, And all Gian, the contre enuiron, That noble erldome old and auncion,
he gave it to one of his nigh kins- men, one of his cousins-german, who resided there till he died.
[Fol. 120 6.] His inheritance went to his heirs male. There is a place called Peri- gord (Perigueux), whence this lady comes.
6364: nnO on of hys kynnefmen gaff itt ;
-*■ In hys roiall gifte he A fair gift had.
His ny kynnefman was, myght not fro flit ;
Hys cofyn germayn, it beleue I fad. 6368 Full well J>at Erledome gouerned and lad.
As men me faid, neuer after thens went l
To no place here ne there thys Erie reuerent,
03
,AS
s by wifing ne by mariage ;
That Enheritaunce to hoires male went. A ftrong ftrenght ther had, called piergort uillage, Wher-hens is comyn this fame day J?e difcent, Among peple gracious and fagely hent, 6376 Thys lady full fwete and ryght debonair, To all other lades exemplair,
She lacks nothing that is lady-like, but is gentle and sage. A very fair marriage was made between themJ
"Y J7ell ftuffed with all maner of goodneffe. ' " She noght fauteth Ipat haue f hold A lady ; 6380 What belongith to ladies hyneffe
In thys hy lady comprifed exprefly ;
A connyng woman, well taught & wurthy ;
She is fo fwete, gentile, curteis, & fage ; 6384 Atwexft thaim was had An in fair mariage.
I pray they may have good issue ; some heir to main- tain the noble line of Melusine.
H1
"Ere befech our lorde fuch line and iffew Tham fend, ]>at may without end endure, Thys lord and lady of full hy vertu : 6388 Off the line of Fraunce is ther engendrure, Gret heuineffe were iff iffue faill fure ; Off tham fom hair to maintain pat noble line, Which J>at iffuede is off fair Melufme,
1 MS. u wend."
THE AUTHOR THINKS OF ENDING.
219
6392 f\ff thys goodly hous Als of partenay ; x
^ Off whom no more 2 lenger will I fpeke,
jSTe off Melufine whens f lie cam all- way,
!Ne more of hyr line lie will noglit out breke,
G396 Tlier-off my fpeche cloii and my wurdes eke, Off that I haue ther-off found en in fcripture. And of hyr lenger wold I haue fpoke fure,
I speak no more of her nor of Par- thenay, for I find no more recorded . I would have said more,
Tff more of writyng therof founde myght be. 6400 ■*- But more can not find in litterall fcripture
Off thes creatures wrete of uerite,
Off whom haue fpoke and told the Auenture ;
!N"o more then haue put in my tale fure. 6404 And fin more ther-of I can noght propofe,
Of-fors mofte I here take reft and repofe.
[Fol. 121.] could I have found more. There is uo more than I have already told, so that I must now perforce take rest.
w
"Ow me behouith my f hippe vnto reft, Sailles, cordes, And bonet put don. 6408 God be thanked, at port riued in )>e befte, The fees dangere haue paffed and gone, The wawes of fee ouer ron echon By my iom'naes fo thorught-out the fee ; 6412 Therof preife and thanke the hy Trinite,
Now must my ship rest. Thank God, I have ar- rived at port, and the dangers of the sea are past.
B;
>y whom thys dite fourged haue and made. Thanking therof be to our lorde again, By whom Romans and boke is to end lad. 6416 And yf Any man demaunde hou certain, "What me fhall call thys Romans fouerain, hit name the Romans As of partenay, And fo fom it call certes at this day ;
64
20 f\R the romans of lufignen j now chefe, ^ By you electe be which J»«t take ye will. Xame ye it fo As it may you plefe, Here Anon Couldrette pefe hym fhal & ftill ; 1 MS. " apartenay." 2 MS. " nomore."
I thank God, by whom tin- lmuk has been brought to an end. If any one wants to know the name of this romance, it is "Thk Romans of Partes ay," or,
"The Romans of LdSIGHEH ; " choose which you like. Here shall Couldrette hold
220
THE LITANY FOR THE LINE OF PARTHENAY.
his peace, saving that he will here make his orison,
[Fol. 121 6.: putting it into the form of a litany ; and when this litany is done, the book shall end, and Couldrette shall hold his peace.
0 Glorious Trinity, Three Persons in One, One Essence, Sovereign Ma- jesty, that hast made summer, winter, and all things,
Thou knowest all our thoughts, and the consciences of men. Man oweth Thee due obedience, and diligence in Thy service.
Here humbly I pray thee to have mercy and pity on this lord and lady ; and to suc- cour them in ad- versity.
6424 Os of this mater no more fay you till, Sauyng for to make here hys orifon Now here prefently, As is good refon,
Puttyng it forth in fourme of letany, For all the noble line of partenay Aforne named ; and when f he truly Shall be ended that haue comprised ay, After thys prayer to take end al-way, 6432 Then all the hole werke is fourged & made, And couldrette then in pes fhal be had.1
Glorious, celeftious Trinite, Sacred deid incomperable, 6436 Threfold perfones knitte in vnite, And on effence 2 etern, permanable, Souerain magefte mofte honourable, Which fomer, wynter made by hys excellence, 6440 All thatt is and hath be by hys huge prudence,
nnhou knowift all that hertes thenke or mufe, -I- All thynges thou feeft in thy prefence, Off herttes knowift that thai daly vfe, 6444 Off verray trouth knowift ther confcience. Man owith to the dew obedience, Owith deligent be the to commende, To thy feruice take As thaim to diffende.
6448 T)y good frendlyhed of thy deite,
■*-* here in humbly wife pray thy excellence Off tham to haue mercy, grace, and pite, "Without tham f hewing any uiolence.
6452 here in my elite haue put to thy prefence. In aduerfite focur thaim alway, That full noble feed of faide pertenay.
1 The Cambridge copy of the French Romance ends here. - MS. " enffence ; " but see 1. 6485.
INVOCATION OF MANY SAINTS.
221
GLorius virgin, Mayden, moder off god, Dougliter and Ancelle, which milkeftw/t/f-all The fone of god with thy hreftes hrod, Wurtkily hyni hare w/t7i-out werke carnall ; Which theophillus conforted principall j 6460 Comfort this hne \>at nohle is all-way, Befides Eochell As of Partenay.
[Fol. 122] Glorious Virgin, mother, daughter, and hand-maiden of God, that didst nourish Thy divine Son, and didst also comfort Theophilus; com- fort this line of Parthenay.
SAynt Mychaell, Angell, and the Archangell, To thaim be not ftrange, I you here require. 6464 Cafte thaim oute fro all fendes of hell,
And tham condute to the heuinly empire. Off god conueying maifter be entire, lyn, wolle to uefture haue thay without faill. 6468 The befech not ftrange be thaim to confaill.
Saint Michael, archangel, protect them from the fiends of hell ; and let them have linen and woollen vesture.
8
Aynt Iohan, with finger f hewdest I beleue saint John the
rm i it i • i f 11 Baptist, that didst
Ihe deuyne lambe which was lull precyous. show men the
Lamb, and all ye glorious patri- archs, forget them not.
All glorius patriarkes in breue, 6472 Tham ne me for-yete noght, ye glorious. Iff I thaim for-gatte I were malerous. Now if it you pleafe, me with thaim making To Accorde vnto the mofte fouerain kyng.
6476 H Aynt Peter, faynt Paule, and f aynt Andrew, *J All poftelles of god, for your curtefy, In obliuy be noght this iffew Fro-whens fuch nobleffe cometh vnto ey,
6480 Sparcled into landes and places many ; That conquered haue many a noble place By ther nobleffe and chiualrous purchace.
St Peter, St Paul, St Andrew, and all apostles, let not this noble line be forgotten that hath spread so far.
SAint Steuin, feint Vincent, feint Lauerence, rj<a. 122 &.i And ye, Saynt Clement, w/t/>-all feint vincent^st Law-
-,-. . P rence, St Clement.
Uenile, Which all frendes bene to goddes hy effence, your bodies haue offered by grett auiffe
222
DEFEND US ALL FROM THE FELL FIENDS,
St Dionysius, and all ye holy mar-, tyre.
To greuos torment with huge tirandiffe, 6488 And all martirifed, like or femblable,
Which in lieuyns regne in ioy perdurable,
grant that we may dwell for ever in heaven, where reign the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost.
St Silvester, St Augustine, St Martin, St Mau- rice, St Severinus, and all confessors, let not this line be forgotten,
TX the hy paradife celeftiall,
For your fair dedes and wurdes alfo.
6492 Make that we he comp riled eternall Finabilly without any ende me to,1 Where regneth the fader and the fone, lo ! And the holy gost in heuyns full hy,
6496 And f hall for euer perdurabilly.
SAynt Silueftre, feint Auguftin, your grace ; Saynt Martin, feynt More, faynt Seuerine, Saynt Cuthbert, feynt Germain, feint Xicholas, 6500 And all Gonfeffours by rew to deuine, Befech, in obliuy putt not thys line, Off whome treted haue in my tale and lay ; But out of bandes, good feintes, alway
hut guard them from the fiends that come at the third hour or at mid-day : grant us the solace of the celestial sphere.
6504 nnhaim warde, put, and caft fro the fendes fell, ■*- Which that comyth at thirde hour or midday, (And more oftener then can fay or tell), Fro hynelfe to lowneife us to put alway.
6508 Make vs to haue J?at folas euer and ay Off the celeftiall heuynly fpere, After wrecchyd lif worly beyng here.
[Fol. 123.1 St Mary Magdalen, I pray to thee. St Agnes, St Edith, St Cathar- ine, be pleased to beseech our Lord to save us.
651
SEynt Mary Magdeline, humble and demure, I you here reLpure with hautain uois fine, With penfiff mufes of hert clene And pure; Seint Agnes, feint Edith, feint katerine, That it you pleafe to take the paine & pine 6516 To befeke our lord, vs conuey and bring Aboue unto the ioy euerlafting.
1 MS. " to me to."
AND BRING US TO LIFE ETERXAL.
223
A:
11 goddes frendes bleffed and Holy, Ail ye Mends of
Humbly you befeke vrith ioynt handes our sins that we
feel not hell-pain, but dwell with i the saints in hea- ven.
twain,
Go 20 That ye do fo our fmnes vndo fully,
And that acqueint [vs] with our fouerain, So bat of hell we haue no point of pain ; But to herbourgh vs with his bliffed faintes
G524 In heuen where And is no complaintes.
1/
Ord fwet Ihesu, be to vs debonair ; Do noght again thaim of whom I haue told Tiling bat thaim may torn thaim in contrair ; 6528 Warde thaim fro bande of our aduerfary bold, "Which many man hath brought vnto his hold. For tin pufaunce and debonair renoii, Do make vs come to our fauac/on.
Lord Jesu. grant that nothing may turn to their harm. Guard them from our adversary, and save us all.
6532 Q Wete lorde god, fwete fader cheritable, ^ Warde vs fro bandes of the cruell fend ; As f hort wurdes, vs hold in our purpofe ftable, That neuer we torne bake, ne the offende.
6536 Amiable and piteable be to us at end, That we may haue the perdurabilneffe Off ioy aboue, And uerray reft vs dreffe.
SWet lorde Ihesu, bat all thyng haft to iuge, I the here befech with hole hert entire, Make us the ryght path go to our refuge, And the way of fauacion to acquire, To wepe 'and complain our fynne cruell yre ; 6544 So we may the preife after our laft day Perdurabilly in felicite ay.
yilde now thankes, after this letany, To the facred glorious Trinite,
1 These two words, here written in the margin of the MS., mark the beginning of the translator's own epilogue.
Sweet Lord God, our Father, guard us from the fiend ; grant that we offend Thee not, but may gain ever- lasting bliss.
[Fol. 123 6.] Jesu, that shalt judge all, teach us the way of salva- tion, that we may praise Thee hereafter for ever.
The tranflact'ore.l
224
AN APPEAL TO THE READER S CLEMENCY.
I yield thanks, after this prayer, to God, the Virgin, saints, martyrs, and confessors, that I have now translated this.
6548 To criftes moder, the Virgin mary,
Seint Mihell, feint Iohan, apoftellis that be, Martires, confeffours, ech in ther deg[r]e, Virgins, feintes al, that this haue tranilat
6552 Fro1 frenfh till englifh at this prefent dat.
I have done it in order, as closely as I could, almost line by line, saving that I have often had to change the order of words, as when men write Latin verse.
As
s ny as metre can conclude fentence, Cereatly by rew in it haue I go. Nerehande f tafe by f taf , by gret diligence, 6556 Sauyng fiat I moft metre apply to ;
The wourdes meue, and fett here & ther fo, like As of latin ho-fo will fourge uers ; Wourdes 2 moft he change fondry & diuerfe.
Whoever trans- lates in metre, must do this, whether in ballad, verse, rime, or metrical prose.
6560 TTThilom pat be-fore put, And fette behynd, ' * And oft that at end gretth 3 beft before ; So oft trauerfmg the langage me f hall fynd, Be it latyn, frenfh, or our tonge to-bore.
6564 ho it metre will, fodo mofte euermore, Be it in balede, uers, Bime, or profe, He moft torn and wend, metrely to clofe.
[Fol. 124.] Yet have I pre- served, I trust, the matter un- hurt, without ex- cess or diminution, making it intel- ligible in our mother tougue.
And f Pre
nd fo haue I done after my fimpleiTe, 6568 J-*- Preferuing, I truft, mater and fentence
Vnwemmed,4 vnhurt, for any exceiTe,
Or by menufmg don by violence.
Warded and kepte haue to i»telligens, 6572 That will vnderftande And knowin may 5 be
In our moder tonge, fpoken in contre.
Perchance i T)Erhaps by lacheffe, or by necligence,
may have made ^ „ , , -, , P -it-
an oversight, but -*- Our-fight myght caufe obhuion,
6576 Or parauenture do caufe and offence. Gretly is it noght, hurtyng no refon,
i MS. " For." * MS. "Worudes." 3 " greeth " (?)
4 MS. " Vnwmned." 5 MS. "many."
FAITHFULNESS OF THE TRANSLATION.
225
By no menes of imperfecc/on. I truft to conferue mater and fubftance 6580 Greable vnto the reders plefaunce.
it is no great one, not such as to vio- late the sense.
A1
Is the frenfh ftaffes filabled be ]\Iore breueloker and fhorter alfo Then is the englifh lines vnto fee, 6584 That comperhended l in on may lines to ; And in fuch wife fondry times haue do ; Or ellys man myght by computacion In ther contrepane finde others refon,
Also the French lines have fewer [eight] syllables than the English, so that two lines may be put into one; and I have sometimes done
6588
I
n frenfh or englifh, whether A maw fhold The mater to preue by iuf te probacion.
And fo As it is truly fynde, I wold Both bokes difplaide to vilion, 6592 Verefie I wold the declaraciofi,
That on by other knowen well fhold be, BefembHno- well All o ffoule dite.
I would that both books could be seen at once, that if any man wants to count the lines, he might see how closely they are alike.
6596
A 11 fonrged and don, thys here make an end, ■£*- Befechyng your hy notable gentilleffe,
That to my fauor ye now condifcend Off your hy wurthy foueray nneffe, In whom contained hugely is nobleffe, 6600 Though that diffautes apperen in ufe, yut of your mercy my hmpleffe excufe,
[Fol. 124 bA Here I make an end ; and beseech you, in whom is all nobleness, to excuse all faults,
s
in at your requeft and commaundement since it was at
This warke on me toke, it to fourge and made the transia-
, tion, and wrote it
maKe \ out from end to
6604 And fo haue I don, after myne entent,
'With litterall carectes for your fake ; Thani conueying in fable lines blake
1 sic in M S. 15
226
CONCLUSION.
Directly along tliys liaue I to end, 6608 After my limpleffe fo forth, paffe and wende.
Now all ye that read this, remem- ber my simple- ness; though this book is not paint- ed (for I cannot flourish), yet ex- cuse all faults that you may see.
w
"Ow ye all that f hall thys behold or rede, Remembreth myn unconnyng nmpleffe ; Thought rethorioufly peinted be not in-dede, 6612 As other han don by ther difcretneffe.
Sin florif h can noght, yut, of your gentillene, Though that cliffautes appere huge to ey, 6615 3n.1t excufith me, befech you hertly.
&rplirit.
NOTES TO THE PROLOGUE.
Page 1, 1. 1. The lines numbered 1 — 77 are, apparently, the original composition of the English translator. The passage is incomplete at the commencement. (See Preface.)
4. Iff aught here might fourge, If I might here accomplish. The omission of the personal pronouns occurs continually through- out the poem, and the reader's attention is here drawn to the fact, once for all, that he may readily perceive the construction of other passages. Thus, in 1. 11, myght is written for I myght ; and so again in 1. 21, where aunter wyl me = I will adventure my- self.
5. f anting connynghede, lacking skill.
8. Here we find the omission, not of the pronoun, but of the auxiliary verb ; / not aqueynted of birth naturall = I am not ac- quainted, by natural birth.
9. MS. "frefhe," an obvious error.
16. president, precedent; i.e. the original French Pomauce.
20. The only attempt at ornament in the MS. is that the initial letter of each stanza is rather larger than others, and painted red.
21. aunter, shortened from aventure, adventure. The still more contracted form anterus (for adventurous) occurs in Lancelot of the Laih, 1. 2618.
P. 2, 1. 25. eche houred brayd, each particular time. See the Glossary, under Houred and Brayd.
31. In consulting the very brief "proem" to the "notable book" of Valerius Maximus, the reader will not find what our author here says he will ; but some such passage may have been added iu some copy by a commentator. The only passage in that author which at all agrees with the text is the following, addressed to Tiberius, which is certainly " notable " : — " To igitur huic coepto, penes quern hominum deorumque consensus
15 *
228 NOTES TO THE PROLOGUE.
maris ac terras regimen esse uoluit, certissiina salus patria?, Caesar, inuoco, cuius cselesti prouidentia uirtutes, de quibus dic- turus sum, benignissime fouentur, uitia seuerissime uindicantur. Nam si prisci oratores ab Ioue optimo inaximo bene orsi sunt, si excellentissimi uates a numine aliquo principia traxerunt, mea paruitas eo iustius ad fauorem tuum decucurrerit, quo cetera diuinitas opinione colligitur, tua prsesenti fide paterno auitoque sideri par uidetur, quorum eximio fulgore multum cserimoniis nostris inclitse alacritatis accessit. Eeliquos enim deos accepi- mus, Ca^sares dedimus. Et quoniam initium a cultu deorum petere in animo est, de condicione eius summatim disseram." — Valerius Maximus ; ed. Kempfius, p. 1.
The concluding words are just such as would tempt a com- mentator to add to his author.
36 — 42. What this stanza belongs to is not clear. It cer- tainly seems out of place.
45. fantesied, fancied, imagined,
46. maligne gostes, evil spirits. 50. valoure, efficacy.
P. 3, 1. 52. miscreant es, unbelievers.
78. Here our author ceases to be original, and becomes a translator, 11. 78 — 210 being a close rendering of the Prologue to the French Romance. In order to give the reader a clear idea of the manner in which the translation is executed, the whole of the French " proem " is given below. (See p. 229.) The philo- sopher alluded to in 1. 78 is Aristotle, the first sentence of his " Metaphysics " being — Holvtiq avdpwiroi tov eifiivai Spiyov- rat (pvcrei. All men by nature are actuated by the desire of knowledge.
P. 4, 1. 84. The sentence, as here, is often left incomplete at the end of a stanza.
96. loos, praise. The French has los.
97. perceuale ; see Tyrwhitt, Note to v. 13844 of the Cant. Tales.
98. lo ! The reader will soon be accustomed to the continual introduction of this and other expletive words and phrases.
P. 5, 1. 118. scripture, writing.
121. peiters, Poitiers. So too in " Morte Arthur; " ed. G. Gr. Perry ; 1. 40.
126. icern, refuse to do; Fr. escondiroie (=shun).
135. lesigne ; the final n seems to be accidentally omitted. It is generally spelt lesignen or lusignen in other places.
139. " I " seems required before " faid," to complete the line.
141. iornay, toil ; lit. a day's work.
112. /aire in the MS. should hefairie; see 1. 148.
P. 6, 1. 157. lose veil non hent, I desire to receive no praise. See 1. 96.
NOTES TO THE PROLOGUE. 229
1G2. " Since it (i. e. a rimed French copy) hath already been constructed and composed."
1G1. to fade, to set in order, dispose, arrange.
174. preuyd at deuife, executed or fashioned with exactness. The Fr. has approimtez, from the Lat. approximatus.
178. salz and Barry, a periphrasis for Salisbury. See pref.
P. 7, 1. 181. " He always spake, in all his words, to the same effect as the above-said books relate. (And I say) that book is compiled from three others (so say men who speak about it) ; and, indeed, as to its origin I know of no doubt, as I have for- merly myself seen the substance of it." Such seems to be the general meaning of this vague and ill-constructed sentence, the like of which are only too abundant throughout the poem. Compare the original French (given at p. 233) which seems more intelligible-
191. " Here shall ye hear this history's labour ; " historie is in the genitive case, the case being merely marked by its position ; so also, in 1. 192, we have castell strength = castle's strength ; ye here corresponds with the French vous orez.
200. " Clear well or true pillar ; " Fr. la clere fontaine ou puise. Well answers to fontaine, but puise should have been trans- lated well or spring. The translator was thinking of apui or pui, a support.
201. We should probably read The maker, of whom all I iff doth enfetv ; but, even then, the translation is incorrect.
201. Require, pray.
The French proem alluded to at p. 228 is here subjoined.
L]
E phylofophe fut moult faige, [Foi. i.j
Qui dit en la premiere page
De fa noble methahiique, 4 Que humain entendement faplicque
]STaturelement a concepuoir,
Et a apprendre, et a fcauoir.
Ceft tref bien dit et faigement ; 8 Car tout humain entendement
Defire venir a ce point
De fauoir ce quil ne fcayt point,
Ou foit dhonneur ou de Reprouche, 12 Et mefmement quant II luy touche.
Les chofes des longtemps paffees
Plaifent quant Ilz font Recordees,
Mais quilz foyent bonnes et belles, 1G Trop plus que ne font les nouuelles.
On parle moult du Roy artus, P™- ' *J
Qui veult efprouuer les vertus
Des cheualiers nobles et gens ; 20 Encores en parlent moult de gens.
230 NOTES TO THE PROLOGUE.
Et fi fait len de Lancelots
Ou quel II y ot tant de los ;
De partenay, ' et de gauuain, 24 Qui neurent oncques le cuer vain
Pour acquerir honneur et pris ;
Ilz firent comme bien aprins.
Qui vouldroit fauoir et enquerre, 28 Et par la mer et par la terre,
les merueilleufes auentures
Qui aduiennent aux creatures,
Sauoir eft excellente chose. 32 Car tout ainfi comnie la Eose
Sur toutes fleurs eft la plus fine,
Auffi est france 2 la plus digne ;
Qui Eiens ne feet (.) II ne vault Eien. 36 Si affiert a tous homines de bien
D enquerre moult fort des hyftoires,
Qui font de longtaines memoires ;
Et tant eft plus de hault degre, 40 Doit II, [de] degre en degre,
Sauoir dont II eft deifendus.
Soit Eoy (.) Baron, Conte, ou Dues,
Sy que memoire longue en foit. [Foi. 2.]
44 Tout grant feigneur faire le doit.
Et en faire efcripre hyftoire,
Affin quen telle foit memoire.
Pour tant len dit que vug grant feignewr 48 De poitou, (a cui dieu croiffe honneur !)
jNTomme fire de partenay,
Auquel tout droit lay affenay,
Me commanda, na pas granment, 52 Et de fon propre affentenient. 3
Commandement auoit II bien ;
Si ne lescondiroie de Eien ;
Car chafcun feet et peut veoir, 56 Quon doit a grant feigneur obeyr ;
Qui ne le fait, II neft pas faige.
Sy me dit en fon doulx laugaige,
Que le preniffe lexemplaire GO Du lien liuret quauoit fait faire ;
Et, de fait, II le me badla,
pour en fauoir moult qui en tailla
Lufignen le chafteau nobile ; 64 Auffi qui lift faire la ville ;
1 parceual (?)
2 Sic in MS. Mis-written for " fcience."
3 MS. afTentcntemcnt.
NOTES TO THE PROLOGUE. 231
C ar cef t vng trefmerueilleux fort.
Lors Kefpondy, " Ie my accord,
Monfeigneur, a yostre plaifir." 68 " faictes," dit II, " tout a Mr,
Car toute eft voftre La Iournee. ffoi. 2 &.j
Le chafteau eft fait dune faee,
Sycornme eft par tout Retrait, 72 De laquelle Ie fuis extraict,
Et moy, et toute ma lignie
De partenay ; nen doubtez mye.
Melluline fut appellee 7G La faee, que vous ay nominee ;
Dequoy les armes nous portons,
Parquoy fouuent nous deportons ;
Et affin quil en foit memoire, 80 Vous mectray ' en Eyme hyftoire ; [A line is here lost.]
Car Ie vueil quelle foit plus Eenom?nee."
" Las dit, monfeigneuv ; Ie loctroye ; 84 Toufiours vostre plaifir feroye,
Se faifoit a ma voulente ;
Ne la nul lour Ie ny fauldray.
Ie le feray a mon pouoir, 88 Mais pas nen vueil le loz auoir,
Se loz y a ; car autreffoiz
Elle a efte niife en franchois,
Et Eymee, licomme on compte ; 92 Pourquoy ce me feroit grant honte
De moy vanter de ceftui fait.
Mais a mon pouoir Ie feray
Tant, fe dieu plaift, que le mectray [FoL 3.]
96 D autre forme, fe lay lour,
Qui mieulx vous vendra au plaifir,
Quant lautre pas bien ne vous haitie ;
Et que vous plaift que Ie le mecte 100 Selon les liures quon trouua,
Dont liftoire on approuua,
Et affin que on labregon.
Dedens la tour de manbregeon 104 Deux beaulx liures furent trouuez,
En latin, et tous approimtez,
Quon fift tranflater en francois
Et puis, apres cinq ou fix mois, 108 Comme celle hyftoire Amery,
1 meetrez (?)
232 NOTES TO THE PROLOGUE.
Le Conte cle falebry,
Dun liure quauoit du chaftel
Qui tant par eft et fort et bel j 112 Car II parloit en tous fes dis,
De tous les fais qtie le vous dis.
1 De trouez fut voftre liure extraict,'
Ainsi le clit II et Eetraict, 116 ' Et fe querez comme le fceu,
Ceft par ce quautreffoiz lay veu.'
Sy mectray toute ma puiffance
De le mectre en bonne ordonnance, 120 Au plaifir du doulx Ihesucrift." [Foi. s&.]
Monfeigneur refpont,1 " ceft bien dift."
Lors prins congie de monfeigneur,
A qui dieu doint Ioye et honneur ! 124 Et men vins tout droit au cliafteau
De lufignen, qui tant eft beau,
Dont vous orez briefment lyftoire,
Mais qud plaife au Eoy de gloire 128 De men dormer le fentement,
Sans lequel on ne fait nyent,
Soit en francois ou en ebreu ;
Tout fcience vient de dieu ; 1 32 Ceft la clere fontaine ou puife,
Tout faifeur le fait quil aduife.
Se 2 luy vient tout le bien quon pence,
Nul na de dieu fi non fcience. 136 Se2 luy Eequiers de ceur entier
Qua cest befoing me vueille aidier.
Et la t/'efglorieufe mere
Vueille conduire cefte matiere, 140 Affin que le puiffe acbeuer
Cefte euure que le vneil Eeueler,
Au bon plailir de monfeigneur,
A cui dieu doint ennuyt bon lour, 144 Et en fa fin la Ioye fine !
Ainfi nostre prologue fine.
1 MS. "Itefont," with "refpont" written above it. 2 De (?)
233
NOTES TO THE POEM.
P. 8, 1. 4. Here, as in 1. 523, we find in the MS. " hie and has." But other passages show that it should be " hie and bas," i. e. high and low.
6. astronomie here answers to what we now call astrology, which is also its meaning in Lancelot of the Laik, 1. 432.
7. clerigie, science. Fr. clergie.
8. right Canoun, canon law; as explained by the Fr. droit canon.
10. I-now, enough.
14. cowde, knew.
P. 9, 1. 31. machon. The Pr. has machonnee.
34. columbere. The Pr. has coulombiers, a proper name.
36. According to De la Mure, this " earl of Porest " was Guy, first of that name, Count of Lyon and Forez, who, by marriage with Sibille de Beaujeu, had several children (see 1. 37), among whom were three sons; viz. his successor, Guy II., Guillaume, who became a monk, and Eaymondin. Bayinondin is the hero of the present romance, and was named after Ray- mond de Yiennois, his grandfather. De la Mure, p. 489. For a long discussion of the names " Forez " and " Beaujeu," see p. 8 of the same work. The arms of the earls of Forest were gules, a dolphin, or ; a drawing of them is given at p. 152 of De la Mure.
45. "Who heard this news at that time ; " lit. interval.
49. That " traying " is an error for " tarying " is proved by the French, which has " atargier," one of the forms of " atarder."
51. sayn, seen.
52. he send, he sent to.
P. 10, 1. 77. " For such learning I shall instruct him in and teach."
80. on your plesire, at your pleasure.
P. 11, 1. 98. thaught, taught ; Fr. enseigne. Probably mis- written. See 1. 7G.
114. "Raymond after this, against his (own) will, did slay him ; cast stone-dead to earth, he must incline to death." The French has,
" Car Eaymondin si le tua, Et mort a terre le Eua."
234- NOTES TO THE POEM.
P. 12, 1. 137. sewing, following.
140. " Where there came to him then great mischief and terror."
144. thaim to, them two.
P. 13, 1. 152. The speaker is the earl. The French has, " Lors dit a Raymon, venez ca." See 1. 158.
1G3. an hie, on high.
P. 14, 1. 178. thought, though. So in 1. 6611.
189. an hie, on high ; Fr. en hault. See 1. 163.
192. profile. The Fr. has peril ; but the English gives the better sense.
197. sothlese, truly. It might seem that the earl is express- ing a wish that the " strange adventures" were "untrue;" but other passages go to prove that the writer actually commits the mistake of making sothlese mean truly.
203. for ille doing, i. e. in return for ill-doing.
P. 15, 1. 207. " I shall declare to thee."
217. and shall, and shall come to pass.
219. a foot e, on foot.
220. MS. " a." Perhaps " at " should have been written ; for the spelling a may be due to the French, in which a here occurs. See 1. 223.
228. in that other party, on the other side ; or, for his part. Fr. dautre part.
P. 16, 1. 244. " And when that came to pass, the sword ^went adown ; " i. e. glanced aside. See 1. 249.
247. One of the " hym "s is redundant ; viz. the first.
251. The translator has here made several mistakes, and con- siderably injured the story. He makes the earl die by the boar's tusks, and so all Raymond's subsequent self-reproaches are out of place. The French version is that Raymond's sword glances off the boar's back and cuts Aymery's body open, so that 11. 255 — 258 refer to Aymery, not to the boar. After this he " with- draws his sword," and again striking at the boar, succeeds in killing it at once. The German version is much better. Accord- ing to this, Aymery aims at the boar with his spear as it is rush- ing at him, and slightly wounds it, but is himself thrown down. Raymond, coming to the rescue, seizes the earl's spear, and thrusts at the boar ; but the spear, glancing aside, pierces the earl's body. Raymond immediately withdraws the spear, and with a second thrust kills the boar; and then, turning to the earl, finds him already dead. See Tieck, Schriften ; 13 ter band, s. 75 ; and the " Volksbuch " version. *
Perhaps, however, the English prose romance tells the story best of all, viz. as follows.
" [I]jS" this part Recounteth thy story that whan Raymondyn cam ayenst the said bore for to kepe hym that he should not
NOTES TO THE POEM. 235
hurte his lord, the bore anoone hurted ' to hym and ranne fast toward the Erie, whiche seeyng the wyld bore comme, lefte his swerd and toke a short spere and strayght held it dounward be- fore hym. And the Erie that knew & wyst moche of the chasse broched the bore thrughe the brest, but the Erie felle doun on his knees. And thanne Eaymondyn holdyng hys swerde in his hand came toward the bore, and wold haue smytte hym betwene the foure legges, Eor he leye vpsodoun, the bely vpward ; and suche a stroke gaaf Eaymondyn to the bore that the blade of hys swerde brake so that the poynte of it sprang ayenst the Erlis stomak & wounded hym sore in so inuche that he deyed ther- oV'—fol. 12 b.
266. As any on this side of Eome. The Er. text has cle cy a Home, a proverbial phrase for everywhere. Compare " hethen in- to grece;" Allit. Eoems ; ed. Morris; 1. 231 of "The Fearl."
P. 17, 1. 271. The Fr. text has, Tu nas compere ne commere, which is not very clear.
279. Apparently this means, " In thee (is) no will (to) strain to help greatest or least." The Erench simply says,
En toy na Eyme ne Eaifon.
291. rewarded, regarded.
P. 18, 1. 301. The sense is, " But cursed be the hour when I was born, or (the fact) that I, living, so long keep (my) wretched life." Worly stands for ivordly = worldly ; i. e. born into the world.
323. Er. La fontaine defoif Iolye.
321. The MS. reading canne is an obvious blunder for came ; Er. text,
Quon dit qui vient de faerie.
P. 19, 1. 313. goodlol-est ; lit. goodliest ; see Glossary. 315. gayn night, towards night ; Er. " au foir." Where = whether.
351. say, essay.
358. fantesie; the Er. has " fantofme."
359. where, whether ; as above ; so again in 1. 381. P. 20, 1. 386. hys ; read thys, i. e. thus, as in 1. 297. P. 21, 1. 393. as/ate, estate. Fr. eftat.
403. that instance, then ; an expletive expression, metri gratia.
405. Ameruelled ; Fr. efmerueillies.
407. The MS. has simply You named but. The translator's copy may have been at fault here, and hence even this half line may have been written by guess-work. The French is clear, tho passage running thus,
1 Sic in MS. "We should have expected to find hasted; hut see heurter, to dash, in Cotgrave.
23G NOTES TO THE POEM.
Et, par ina foy, Ie ne congnois mye Yostre nom, ne xostre philosomye, Ou Iaparcoy fi grant beaulte.
The word " philosomye," in which the I is written over a long "f" lying beneath it, is obviously intended for phisonomye, i.e. physiognomy, spelt visnomie by Spenser, and fisnomie in the Promptorium Parvulorum. I have no doubt that 1. 407 should end with this word, but it is difficult to connect it with You named but.
411. recouer ; Fr. recouurer.
P. 22, 1. 425. reioyng, rejoyiug, i. e. rejoicing. There are other instances of similar strange spelling in the poem, and it must not be altered to reioiyng.
427. How she might know his name.
442. tarie is an error, the Pr. not having iarie, but taire. So too, in the next line, me is an error for ne ; the sense being, "I may no-wise keep silence, so as not to ask you the truth."
Mais Ie ne me pourroye taire, Que ne vous deinaudaffe voir.
449. you councel, I counsel you.
P. 23, 1. 452. ofwordly ( = worldly) goods; Fr. des biens.
453. light, lieth.
459. And do not fear that I am not on God's part, (and that) I believe not in His miracles.
472. / firmly believe.
479. unto devise, a mere expletive phrase. It is not in the Prench, yet is imitated from the Pr. a devise = so to speak.
482. withsaing ; cf. gaynsayng in 1. 485.
P. 24, 1. 487. That the MS. betaking is an error for be talcing is shown by the French,
Que me prendrez a mariaige.
488. leuing, life. Fr. vie. P. 25, 1. 520. iverne, refuse.
522. aplas, in place.
523. The MS. has is a blunder for las; cf. 1. 510, "hie and lowe ; " and 1. 2735.
528. that houred tyde, that time ; a mere expletive, like that slounde in 1. 532.
P. 26, 1. 518. resceyued, received. "Wherever this word occurs, it is written so as to look like " refteyned," owing to the practice of the scribe in making " fc " resemble " ft," and " u " resemble "n." But the French decides the word in all cases, as it em- ploys the verb receuoir.
NOTES TO THE TOEM. 237
552. the Erie last past ; i.e. the late earl; Fr. derrain tres- passez (sc. de la vie) = lately deceased.
557. Make deeds thereof, (and let) the cause be thereon, (that men) may see the reason of the lord's gift.
Faictes que vous en ayez lectre, Et y faictes la cause mectre Du don, et par quelle achoison On le vous liure, et quel Eaison. Et mectez le lour quon vous liure Le don, et quon le vous deliure.
There should have been a comma after the word mak.
574. And afterward betake you to your return ; a periphrasis for, afterwards return again ; cf. 1. 563. The French has,
Et puis vous mectez en Eepaire.
P. 27,1/579. MS. "finde" is an obvious error for "finde." Fr. trouerez.
584. do it to remayn ; here remayn is an Anglicized form of the Fr. ramener, and the phrase means, extend it, drag it along towards the valley, along the stream which ^issues from the fountain. See 1. 725, note.
Et se le courgeon plus long porte Que le Eont que fait trouerez, Contre le val le Eamenez.
604. coursere, Fr. Roncin.
P., 28, 1. 611. .This apparently means, The soul (of the dead) accused not the author of its death. But it is a curious blunder arising from mistaking the sense of Ame.
Ame du fort ne laccufa,
i. e. No soul accused him of the event, i. e. of the deed.
616. The Fr. text has bacheler.
618. hym, like his in the next line, refers to the late earl.
625. lie, sc. the late earl ; see next line.
In the MS. rnyght is mis-written, being copied from the line above. It should be nyght ; as the Fr. has la nuyt.
P. 29, 1. 665. has, downwards.
P. 30, 1. 671. lady lore, lady's teaching; so again in 1. 705.
691. lete make, cause to be made ; a common expression.
P. 31, 1. 694. Fr. seel, which justifies the correction.
696. Compare the expression in the Bible, "hath set-to his seal," Gk. iatypayiatv. S. John iii. 33.
720. The MS. has either pam, or pain with the i undotted ; at 1.
238 NOTES TO THE POEM.
721 the word is pane. In both cases a better reading would be pale, for the Fr. has in both places pel, which = Lat. palus, a pale, a stake. Tieck also has " einen Pfahl."
P. 32, 1. 725. The English version has missed the sense.
Puis lont ernporte contre val, Car II tenoit trop au pal ; Tout du long vng Rousseau fourdit, Dont chafcun forment feibahit.
Then they bare it towards the valley, for it kept too close to the stake. All along beside it a rill welled up, whereat every one was much astounded.
728. stoned, astonied.
P. 33, 1. 755. The insertion of I seems necessary to the metre and sense. Fr. " Car vrayement Ie le vouldroie."
759. Raymond answered to the count ; thus the Pr. text, and this explains 11. 761, 762 ; but in 1. 760 the translator has forgot- ten who is speaking.
762. if your lord icyll, if the Lord will ; Fr. se dieu plaist.
765. thrust, (sic) thirst.
768. toel thauyht, well taught. Pr. senez, which means sage, prudent.
778. The Pr. is less obscure.
II ne fift peu Quil nait demande au corps gent De la dame, dont tant de gent Comme il veoit, pouoient venir ; " la ne vous en fault ef bahir," Dil't la dame, " tous font a vous." A done leur commanda a tous Que comme feigneur le Recoiuent, Et si font Ilz ainfi quilz doiuent.
784. Here again, as in 1. 518, " refceiue " is written so as to resemble " refteine."
P. 31, 1. 788. demurly in audience, in a low tone. Pr. dit tout bas, bien coyement.
701. resoned, copied from the Pr.
A done la dame la Iiaifonne.
796. Pr. text,
Raymon dit, " Ie fuis preft fans faille." La dame dit, " II fault quil aille, Eaymondin mon frere, autrement ; Nous le ferons honneftement.
NOTES TO THE POEM. ' 239
P. 35, 1. 829. rggJit doubted and shereful, much dreaded and dear ; Fr. Ma chiere daine Bedoubtee.
P. 36, 1. 850. The MS. has here a curious mistake, viz. " fo " instead of "of;" Fr. de due. The word "of" has first been in- verted so as to become " fo," and then mis-written " fo." Another instance of similar inversion occurs at 1. 1007, where beded is written for bedde. So again, 1. 946, for for fro ; 1. 949, presone for persone, &c. See Preface. Such errors might easily occur in printing, but in a MS. they are very remarkable.
P. 37, 1. 879. ryn. Fr. Bain = Bord d'un bois, extremite (Eoquefort).
881. And in their kitchens saw they great smoke too.
896. Pr. text,
Le Conte leur salut Bendit
A chffscun, pas ny actendit,
felon qua luy appartenoit
Et du lieu de quoy II venoit,
Aux grans plus, & aux petis moindre,
Bien feet a chafcun falut Eendre.
Thus 1. 898 means, according as appertained to the man sa- luted, on account of the place whence he came.
P. 38, 1. 929. What would ye that I should say ? Pr. Que voulez vous que le vous compte ?
P. 39, 1. 943. inesse, mass.
946. for ; we should certainly read fro. See notes to 11. 266 and 850.
949. persone, Pr. personne ; the MS. error is due to the word present following.
955. On the other side of her, a prince of the country, &c. Pr. Et vng prince de la contree.
965. brouth, an error for brought; Pr. Les mes portent les efcuiers.
968. The French text somewhat varies here from the trans- lation. It runs thus,
Vings damyon & vings de Eocelle, Qui font efchazdfer1 la ceruelle ; Vins de tornais, et vins de bea[u]ne Qui nauoit pas la couleur Iaul'ue, Clare Eommain et ypocras T Courut par hault et par has ;2 Tins de fainct Iehan dangely, On tenoit grant compte de luy ; Vins eftables, vins de viart,
1 read " cfchaMiFcr."
2 The Cambridge copy of the Fr. text has here lost two lines, judging by the English version.
240 NOTES TO THE POEM.
Vindrent apres le vin baftart ; Vins de fainct pourfain, vin de Bys Eiirent de vins claires le prys ;l Puis eurent vin de preuilege, [Foi. 24 &.] Chascun lien euft en fon fiege,
Chascun a tout ce quil deinande, Tant de vin comme de viande.
Thus, for Angoy (Anjou?) the Fr. has amyon (Amiens). Bewme = Beaune, near Dijon ; Tov/rvmz=^ Tours ; digon = Dij\on ; Attcerre = Auxerre ; Seint Iohan of Angel y = S. Jean d'Angely, in Poitou ; estables may mean a village of that name, lying on the W. side of the Chaine du Vivarais. With regard to the Qlarre Romain, it may be noticed that Romance, in Bourgogue, is celebrated for its wine. Seint pur sain = St Pourcain-sur-Allier, in the depart- ment Allier.
"We should compare with this the passage from the " Squire of low degree," where a list is given of the amusements prepared for his daughter by the king of Hungary. See Warton ; Hist, of Eng. Poetry, vol. 2. p. 10.
P. 40, 1. 992, ivent to glad, went to glade ? i. e. set ? Fr. text,
Les Iouxtes Iusquau lour durerent,
which must mean, the justing lasted as long as the day did ; for they next " went to even-song."
P. 41, 1. 1002, of whom, i. e. of which ; this is worth notice.
1005, streiqht, was laid straight.
1006, bedde; the MS. has beded ; cf. note on 1. 850.
1010, body ; this is certainly a blunder for bedde, since the Fr. text has Le lit ; besides, the custom was to bless the bed. See Chaucer ; Merchant's Tale.
1024, outred, uttered.
1030, But (you) must hold that oath which (the) first day (you) made (to) me.
P. 42, 1. 1035, Be, read He; in the next line of linage = of what lineage. We might read, " And of wat linage," with im- provement both of sense and metre.
1045, pannes, pains. So in Lancelot of the Laik, 1. 1273,
Now leif we hir In-to hir newest pan.
1050. Before the next line Fol. 25 b is prefixed, whereas the last fol. was numbered Fol. 24. This is because two leaves have here been pasted together, Fol. 24 b and Fol. 25 being thus hid- den. By holding the book up to the light many words can be seen, which prove clearly that on fol. 24 b and fol. 25 is written
1 The Cambridge copy of the Fr. text has here again lost two lines, judging by the English version.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 241
by mistake a passage which should have come later in the poem, and which is re-written in its proper place on f'ol. 41 b and fol. 42. There is therefore nothing here lost, and the narrative is continuous, as the Fr. text also proves. In attempting to se- parate these pages, some person has slightly torn the corner of fol. 24, so as to destroy the e in pleyge and the t in trouth in 1. 1049, defacing also the last word in 1. 1050 ; be it non maligne is therefore suggested, in the sense " be no-wise ill-disposed to me," the word maligne having already occurred at 1. 46 of the Pro- logue. The Fr. text has,
Dame, dit II, je vous pleuis, Que tant comme Ie feray vifz,
JNe faulileray le couuenant.
1059. ho hi, MS. bold; hold is of course the right reading, as the Fr. has tenez ; cf. also 1. 1056.
P. 43, 1. 1072. And to (the) ladies which that men (had) brought, &c.
1081. forcelet ; this should be spelt forceret, the wrong spell- ing being due to confusion withformelet in the next line ; forceret means a casket. Also your in the MS. is a mistake for yuor, ivory (Fr. yuoire) ; this is yet another instance of the inversion of letters ; see note to 1. 850.
1082. formelet ; this again should have been spelt fermelet. The Fr. text has fermail, which is also sometimes written fermeil- let or fer millet. It means a chain, agraffe, or carcanet.
P. 44, 1. 1101. drust, durst.
1106. sate, he sat ; where he means Eaymond —
Car II ne voult pas couroucier Eaymon, qui ful't fur vug courtier ; Congie prent, &c.
1113. had = there were; Fr. y auoit ; cf. 1. 1127.
P. 45, 1. 1122. Fr. on peut bien fcauow* fe Ie ment.
1125. quiche Roche, live rock ; Fr. viue Eoche.
1132. the contray, i. e. the people of the country.
1139. She named the castle Lusignen after the latter part of her name ; in 1. 1199, we have mention of the town of Mel, cor- responding to the former part of the name ; but see note to 1. 1146.
1142. The Fr. text omits all mention of Ciprian, and merely says,
Encore le Eoy a presen Crie en fon cry, lufignen.
But the statement is verified by the Fr. of 1. 5351.
1146, 7. The vordfautih in the MS. should be/«w/iY7i=lacketh
1G
242 NOTES TO THE POEM.
Mellufme autaut dire vault Comtne merueille qui la ue fault.
This seems to imply that Melusine is equivalent to rnerveil- leuse ; but it is hard to follow this etymology. In 1. 1139 is mentioned Lusignen as being named from the latter part of her name, and in 1. 1199 is mentioned the town of Mel. Hence M. de la Mure suggests (p. 489) that the derivation should be re- versed, and that the name was compounded from the two chief places which she possessed, viz. Melle and Lusignan. But he adds in a note ; " Cette etymologie du nom de Melusine n'est pas la seule que Ton ait imaginee ; Bullet n'a pas oublie d'inserer dans les Memoires sur la langue celtique, ce mot, qu'il fait venir de Me, moitie, et Llisowen, anguille ; dautres auteurs veulent que Melusine soit une alteration du nom oriental Melesinde." More probably it is the same name with Millicent. The prose romance says, " ye are called Melusyne of Albanye, whiche name in grek langage is as moche for to say as thing meruayllous or comwyng fro grete meruej'lle." (fol. 37.)
P. 46, 1. 1161. in trailers, across.
1102. grey ; the Fr. has vert. So also it is said of Lancelot in the French prose romance, " ses yeux que ressembloient deux belles esmerauldes."
t 1105. Neuer man sain, never (had) man seen. Fr. " On ne vit."
1171. brought, borough ; or rather, fort. The mount of Beau Bepair here mentioned seems to owe its existence to a mis- translation, as the Fr. text says,
Apres ce temps elle fift faire
Le bourg ou a moult beau jRepaire,
l. e. the fort where there is a very good place of retreat = the fort which is an excellent stronghold.
1175. loners, lowpes, louvres and loopholes. A louvre is an architectural term for a small tower with open windows or slits. It is derived from the French Vouvert ; so here the Fr. text has,
Murdrieres II a (.) a louuert Pour lancier, traire, & deffendre.
P. 47, 1. 1186. toure trompe, trumpet-tower.
1188. For, four, one at each corner; rewarde, regard, look.
Quatre trompeurs farafinois La furent mis a celle fois, Pour le fort et le bourg garder Et pour tout entour Itecjarder, &c.
1194. Ocde, Fr. Ocdes, the name generally spelt Eudes, by
NOTES TO THE POEM. 243
some confounded with Ungues. De la Mure ; Ilistoire, &c, p. 506.
1200. Vauuant and mcruant, Vauvant and Mervent, two towns in Poitou, the former of which adjoins Parthenay. De la Mure ; pp. 500, 501. Si. Messent = St. Maixent.
P. 48, 1. 1220. peito, Poitou.
1223. cornicles, mis- written for cronicles ; Fr. text, la cronique.
1235. (She) made that day in Luxembourg (many) a lair thing ;
En Luxembourg maint beau fait lift.
P. 49, 1. 1252. mailers, Maillezais in Poitou. The abbey was burnt by Geoffrey in a.d. 1232, ' for which offence -he had to pay to the church the sum of 1000 ecus ; De la Mure, p. 493. The particulars are given at length in a later part of the romance.
1253. How Raymond was enraged both against Geoffrey and Melusine, and how he lost Melusine, is all related at length hereafter.
P. 50, 1. 1274. "We may here collect the names of the ten sons of Raymond and Melusine. They were, according to the romance, 1. Urien, who had an ugly face and eyes of different colours, in honour of whom Lusignan was built. 2. Oede (Eudes), with a face like fire. 3. Guy, who had one eye lower than the other.
4. Anthony, marked with a scar like that made by a lion's claw.
5. Raynold, with one eye. G. Gaffrey (Geoffrey), with the great tooth." 7. Eromont, with a blemish on his nose. 8. Horrible, with three eyes. 9. Raymond. 10. Thierry. M. de la Mure considers four of these as historical, and arranges them in this order. 1. Guy, taken prisoner by Saladin in A. D. 1187 ; king of Jerusalem, 1185 — 1192; exchanges the kingdom for that of Cyprus in 1192, buying it of the knights templars for 100,000 ecus (For (!), they having previously purchased it from Richard I. of England, who had conquered it. He died in Cyprus, a. d. 1196. 2. Geoffrey, inherited Vouvant and Mervent in Poitou. He burnt the abbey of Maillezais, a. d. 1232, ' and had to pay for the rebuilding of it. He was afterwards buried in this new abbey. There is a document extant, proving that in 1216 he made over a large amount of land to the monastery of Beaulieu in Eoannois. [This document is given at length by M. de la Mure at p. 501, and is the only authentic document (says fhe editor of the book in a foot-note) on which he rests his con- jectures concerning Melusine's family.] 3. Odo or Eudes, but who ought to have been called Hugues, who inherited the domain of Lusignan. 4. Amery, or Amaulry, called Urien in the ro- mance, who succeeded Guy as king of Cyprus, from a. d. 1196 — 1210.
1 Dc la 3Iure ; p. 493. Surely this date is wrong, and should he an earlier one.
16 *
2±1 NOTES TO THE POEM.
1275. Xow /return, See. ; cf. 1. 1177. Z shall declare.
12^1. to know where, to know war; Fr. Aler veult fcauoir de la guerre.
1291. towel find ther peple, to well find their people; i.e. to pay them good hire. Fr. Et pour bien fauldoier leur gent.
129-3. teise, draw, tend.
P. 51, 1. 1299. Famagouce ; such is the true reading, the town being the modern Fainagousta. The Fr. test has " i'ainagofle." Compare
u And sail fayr to Famagoste for lyes to seke, And saill forth to Cipres as the buk tellis."
Miscellaneous Poems, in Lancelot du Lak ; ed. bv Mr J. Steven- son, ls:39: p. 151.
1313. Urien's men were seen taking up their quarters in the sultan's tents, and dislodging: the sultan's men. In the prose romance the sultan is called Brandymont.
1315. regid ; read rengid, ranged. The Fr. text has Sngies, a mistake for Rengies.
1319. Armed wag with, was armed by,
P. 52, 1. 1335. garison, healing; none would undertake to heal him.
Le Eoy dun dart envelymee, Qui bien fut forgie et lyme, Fut tellement feru a point Quen lui de garifon na point.
133S. The, MS. Thy; Fr. text, Les Cypriens.
13i0. thowne, town; so wheat for went, 1. 1113; ichere for icere = war, 1. 1281 ; then for ten, 1. 3177.
1315. enforced, augmented ; Fr. text, enforcies, from enforcier, to augment.
P. 53, 1. 1375. myght, MS. nyght. The sense is, so that there might never be recovery (for that man). Fr. text, Oncques hom/fle ne le pouoit guerir.
13 7n. perceiued ; this in the MS. looks like perteined ; but the French has, quant Vriens lappercoit. Cf. note to 1. 5 IS.
1386. dedes Army, deeds of arms ; " Tant fill darmes ce Vriens.
P. 51, 1. 1391. Ther by, MS. Therby ; French, Par Guyon et par Vriens.
1396. thought long, thought to abide (?). Cf. A.S. Jengian, to dwell. French text, Vriens es trefz fe losra. That he did not wish to remain there long is shown by 1. 1399. But probably we should read " log." i. e. loge = lodge ; cf. hug for huge.
1414. AToche went Cipryan, many a Cyprian went.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 245
P. 55, 1. 1424. Who, 0 lord God, who (could withstand him) ? Not a giant, at any time.
1442. know, known.
P. 56, 1. 1454. Whereby (you) shall not lose.
1462. send, sent.
1468. "Whom, as I best could, (I) hare warded and defended.
P. 57, 1. 1483. The general sense is, She cannot sustain such fierce conflicts of arms, nor the sharp showers (of arrows).
Femme ne peut les tiers eftours Darmes porter, ne les durs tours.
1500. Mr, here; spelt in next line here. French text, "or orez, Yriens, or me pardonnez."
P. 58, 1. 1517. If (I) saw (there) were any respite of death in you.
1523. reised god, elevated the host. Fr. leuoit dieu.
1526. gild, he yielded.
1533. lolce, locked up ; Fr. De dueil fut fon cueur enferray.
P. 59, 1. 1545. Tho, those who ; Fr. A ceulx, qui le meflerent du fait.
1546. icyll, well ; spelt ivel two lines below.
1548. A hinges dede, Fr. au fait du Eoy.
1555. The words scrawled in the margin in a later hand have been written near the edge of the page, and the letters in brackets cut away by the binder ; these marginal notes are, of course, of little value.
1566. Colcis, Colchis.
1572. onedee auise, Medea's advice. The words are run toge- ther in the MS.
P. 60, 1. 1578. Me, island ; should rather have been spelt He as in 1. 1570.
1579. Compare
II en y eft advenu mille,
Mille voire par mille fois,
Taut au plain com?«e aux deftrois.
1556. The Fr. text has merely " de la contree " where the English has " maree," which I guess to mean marshy land, of which there are 20,000 acres in the department of Deux Sevres. (Enclycl. Metr. s.v. Sevres.) " The porte yaffe " is not repre- sented in the French copy.
1595. The insertion of ne is essential to the metre and the syntax; Fr. Quil nalast. Even thus, the metre still lacks a syllable.
1599. full know, well known, illustrious.
1601. The marginal note in the MS. should state that the "king of hermyne" was " vnkull to vriens wif." M. de la Mure
24G NOTES TO THE POEM.
remarks (pp. 509, 524) that Urien, whose real name was Ainaulry, was a younger son of Melusine, and obtained the kingdom of Cyprus by succeeding his elder brother Guy ; that his first wife's name was Cive or Eschive d'Isbelin or d'Iblin, daughter of Bau- douin, Count of Eama in Palestine ; and that, instead of his wife's uncle being king of Armenia, it was his (Urien's) daughter who was married to Leo I., first king of Armenia, created king in A. d. 1197 by Henry VI. (or V.), emperor of the East. By hermyne is meant Armenia, the Er. text having armenye.
P. 61, 1. 1614. hermyns, Armenians ; Er. armyniens.
1630. MS. occorded, but Er. Chascun faccord'a. See 1. 1633.
1633. Guye after send, Guy (was) sent after. Er. Guy fut mande.
P. 62, 1. 1641. wilfull, willing.
1618. It had before been two brothers (that were kings).
1652. Compare
Et en leur temps forment ayderent
A ceulx qui font deulx defcendu,
(Ainfi comme lay entendu),
Et ceulx de Bodes, fe faichies,
Out guerroye Iusques en leurs marchees.
1663. noyours, annoyers ; Er. Et leurs nuyfans fuppediterent.
P. 63, 1. 1670. Sept psabulmes, seven psalms ; but the Er. has " les quinze pfalmes."
16)6. Brehain ; the prose romance has Behayne, and there is little doubt but that Bohemia is meaut, and Tieck accordingly writes Btihnen. Sometimes the term is restricted to a city, and it then means Prague, as in 1. 1951.
_ P. 64, 1. 1700. Er. text, le Boy daufay, and Eoquefort says this means Alsace ; Tieck, too, has JElsass.
1701. Eor hurt, which is in the MS., read hurd, heard.
Car chascun deulx fauoir vouloit Pourquoy le Boy les guerreroit ; Et cel'toit pour vne pucelle.
1708. Er. Eille du due, mais orpheline. Thus Orphelyne means that she was an orphan ; her name was Christian, as told in 1. 1S27; and the prose romance calls her father Asselyn • fol. 105.
1718. A-ferrome, from afar; Er. de long.
1721, 2. Army peple, men-at-arms ; " Cuftile " is given by Burguy as another form of Coufteau or Couteau, a knife. Com- pare
Voient grant foifon de gens darmes, A grans coufteaulx et grans guifarmes.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 217
1723. The MS. reading "ftafte" should perhaps he "ftafte; " i. e. they ranged themselves in lines, and put themselves in battle order ; Fr. text, Lors fe mifdreut en ordonnance. Staf means a line in 11. 6555, 6581.
P. 65, 1. 1735. Again the Lusignans cried out full fast. De Bechief lufignen[s] efcrient. The MS. reading eryng is an evident blunder for cryng, the peculiar spelling of crying which the scribe or translator has generally adopted ; thus, in 1. 1761, he writes reioed for reioyed, ioyng for toying, 1. 1S9S ; while in 1. 1900 we have the very word cryng. In the text, I have written crying by mistake.
1710. ech by thaimseJf, each by himself.
1751. talcyng, taken ; Fr. prins = modern Fr. pris.
P. 66, 1. 1765. (They) presented the king to this fair creature.
1767. shappe, shaped.
1787. Afterwards commanding these brethren to come to her.
P. 67, 1. 1799. yeuyng, given ; cf. talcyng in 1. 1751.
1802. where, were ; cf. whent for went, 1. 1113.
1S08. The MS. hew is of course an error for knew; Fr. fcauoient.
1815. forigers, foragers ; MS. forigers ; but Fr. text, fouriers.
P. 68, 1. 1818. Compare
A lentree de Luxenbourg Lieu ny auoit ne carrefourg Dont len neuft veu venir les gens Au fons de ces doulx Instrumens.
1841. wace, was ; Fr. affis/w^.
P. 69, 1. 1851. at thys iournay, to-day; Fr. au Iourduy.
1877. And had, if (I) had.
P. 70, 1. 1886. With-that, provided that.
1892. demage, damage ; Fr. dommaige.
1900. cryng, crying ; cf. note to 1. 1735.
1901. semble loyse is equivalent to the lyke icyse of 1. 1901. 1905. swrete, surety.
1907. mow ye, certainly a mistake for myght I; for the Fr. text has,
Et dit, barons, moult lies feroie, where lies = Lat. Icetus.
1909. The first to = two.
P. 72, 1. 1951. According to Tieck and the Volksbuch, Bre- haigne means Prague in Bohemia, as before noted.
1961. deing. The MS. has either deing or doing ; that deing is right is proved by the sense, and by the Fr. text, which has " mouront."
1967. He shall have my brother's (king of Brehain's) daugh- ter to wife. Compare
248 NOTES TO THE POEM.
La fille mon faire1 a inoillier Aura Begnault, car emploier Ne la pourroit mon f'rere rnieulx.
P. 73, 1. 1971. After my brother, (lie shall be) king of high degree. Fr. Boy fera.
1973. Jioir, heir. Fr. hoir.
1981. Anynsime, or Auynsime ; the Fr. text has — Dedens quinze lours, within this fortnight ; but the etymology is not clear ; I suppose it is ad vigesimam, sc. diem. See Glossary.
P. 71, 1. 2006. Sir Anthony is certainly the speaker, we must not read — " Sir Anthony," (he) said, &c. The French has — An- thonie lui dit, frere, alez.
2101. done is here the infinitive, generally spelt don.
2018. this said duk, viz. duke Anthony; cf. 11. 1997, 2003.
Observe that the Euglish version is quite wrong ; for it states
that " this said duke went towards Luxembourg," whereas it
should state that " the kins went towards Luxembourg to meet
• . . . .
this said duke ; " the Fr. text might easily be mistaken, as it runs,
En luxembourg, vers le due, va.
P. 75, 1. 2019. The spelling wordle seems intentional, in order to eke out ten syllables for the line. It is not uncommon.
2056. By comparing the various statements in De la Mure (pp. 491, 502, 518), it appears that the old shield of Lusignan was barry of ten pieces, argent and azure ; over all a lion gules (not crowned) ; and the shield of modern Luxembourg is argent, a lion gules, crowned or. If then, as Christian in this line sug- gests, the bars of azure in the Lusignan shield be left out of the consideration, Anthony would bear the arms of Luxembourg very nearly, as then the whole field would be argent. But De la Mure points out that such a shield (viz. argent, a lion gules) really belonged to Cyprus, and that it should not be thus con- founded with the Luxembourg shield, since in this latter the lion is crowned.
P. 76, 1. 2066. JBaueres and Almayn, Fr. oauiere et alemaigne, Bavaria and Germany.
2073. Traquo, Fr. text, Craquo ; Cracow. The prose romance speaks of " Zelodyus, kyng of Craco ; " (fol. 129).
2075. Esclauons, Slavonians (?). Fr. text, efclauons. In 1. 2077, we read that he was lord and sire of that land also, viz. of JSlavonia as well as Cracow.
2079. In the MS. " fc " is written so as to resemble " ft ; " thus " fcarmifh " resembles " ftarmifh," and in 1. 2075, just above, " Efclauons " resembles " Eftlauons." This practice is common enough in old MSS.
2033. Fedris, the name of the king of Brehain, called in the
1 Obvious error iov frere.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 249
Fr. text Fedoiz, but in the Volksbueh, Friedrich. The prose ro- mance has " the kynge Federyk of behayne ; " foil. 123.
P. 77, 1. 2091. The Slavonians beat the men of Brehain, and chased them to the end, i. e. as far as they could, viz. back to the town again. Fr. Iusques au bourg.
2096. Compare
Mais le bon due de luxembourg Tantoft oftera le debat ; Le Roy brehaignon fe combat Aux faulx farralins de tous lez, Qui fes gens out moult Recuilliez.
2103, 4. Here and there he cast them down, fighting full manfully, cut down one man, and overturned another on to the ground. Fr. Lun detrenche, lautre mort Rue.
2113. she, viz. his soul ; Fr. A dieu soit elle commandee.
2117. But (as for) the Saracens indeed, they followed close (after them), catching up those who fled.
P. 78, 1. 2126. noyng = noying, annoyance.
2132. " They greatly dreaded the Saracens at that time, when they saw their king dead, who was formerly of great puissance ; whereof the Saracens had then great joy, (because) there were (many) Christians who had been ended and finished (?) " But this last line is so forced and absurd, that it is far better to read " Trifting," and to interpret the line to mean — " trusting their war had. been ended and done." In support of this, we may re- mark that the scribe has already written Traquo for Craquo, 1. 2073. The line is not in the French.
P. 79, 1. 2154. To preserve the right sense, the translator should have said — The Sari/ins went out, thaim faft truffing — i. e. fast destroying (or driving back) the people of Brehain ; the mistake evidently arose from a misconception of the Fr. text,
Brehaignons vont fort deftruifant, where Brehaicjnons is in the accusative case.
2159. Ah! alas! Cf. 1. 2106 below.
2161. most, I must.
2167. In what manner (of) form.
2171. nere, neither.
P. 80, 1. 2208. This messenger is a Saracen scout, not the one mentioned in 1. 2182.
2213. For see the many Christian people, fast coming.
P. 81, 1. 2221. not-For-\at, nevertheless ; Fr. non pourtant.
2223. The construction is obscure ; Fr text,
Et anthonie dautre contree Venoit en bataille ordonnee.
2232. Two of .them there hath Eaynold cast down.
250 NOTES TO THE POEM.
P. 82, 1. 2246. Here again, as at 1. 2073, the Fr. has Craquo.
2251. grace, grass ; so also ivace for was, 1. 1841.
2252. 'deth, dead.
2253. cried and grad. Compare
Le Poye de Craquo crie & hue ; which supplies us with the origin of the phrase hue and cry.
P. 83, 1. 2287. An luje, on high.
2290. In this line A man has a particular reference to the king of Alsace, as the meaning is — Thus should A man avenge himself on the Saracens, because the king of Cracow had in very truth in like manner caused his brother to be burnt to ashes ; this refers to 1. 2139.
P. 84, 1. 2309. your fadir Beth, your father's death ; the Pr. text employs the same idiom — la mort ton pere.
P. 85, 1. 2342. hold; read bold, which ends 1. 2281 in a similar sentence; for hold will not rime to hehold in 1. 2340. So too in 1. 4, has is written for has.
2357. or is the right reading ; Pr. Yng Eoyaulme on vng em- pire.
2359. commanded, commended.
P. 86, 1. 2380. May is the right reading ; Pr. Qui efglentine efpousera.
2381. Por my part, I say to you.
P. 87, 1. 2406. Cf. 1. 2342.
2415. And all that belongeth to her you (shall have) to take (for your own).
2420. Por your free kindness and courtesy, he shall defend, &c.
2422. Read " werre ; " the meaning is — Por he can war well ; Pr. Car il feet assez de la guerre.
P. 88, 1. 2428. The king prepared for his niece all such fine array as pertains to a queen.
2446. wis, read vois ; Fr. Et dient tous a vne voix.
P. 89, 1. 2464. ortholegne ; the Fr. text has a different reading,
Pegnault fift grant guerre en frife, Oeftellere de la conquift ; Danemarche par force acquift ;
but this is hardly more intelligible.
2469. Was not on this side of the Romans; a proverbial ex- pression which has occurred before, 1. 266.
2471. SpeJce me shall ; the me is adopted from a phrase in the preceding line of the Fr. text — le me tairay.
2483. As any man could on this side of the sea; Fr. de ca la mer ; cf. 1. 2469.
P. 90, 1. 2187. Compare
Cellui deliura les def[t]rois Dardayne, ou auoit moult grant bois,
NOTES TO THE POEM. 251
Maint bon chaftel fortiffia ; Tuay premier edifBa ; Sur meuze vug noble pont fift Do mefieres, et puis conquii't PluGeurs bon lieux par fa proueffe.
Here Dardayne = D'Ardennes, famous for its forest, and it is easy to see how this was changed into "dardane." In the next line, knight is of course wrong; read brought, which is used to mean a castle in 11. 1171, 1199. Yicon ( = Fr. Yvay) is probably Givet, a town on the Meuse, lower down the river than Mezieres.
2495. icered, made war upon.
2196. Faborugh ; probably Friborugh = Friburg in Switzer- land (?). The Fr. text has hribourg. Aritrige is mis- written for Autrige = Autriche or Austria; Fr. text, autriche.
P. 91, 1. 2519. of corage, courageously.
2523. This line, as it stands, means — In warring, a strong warrior, well set. But it is a mistranslation ; and should express that he carried on war bravely in Guerrande ; for the Fr. text has — En guerrande fort guerreoya. Guerrande is mentioned at 1. 2950, where the story of Geoffrey's combat with the giant is re- sumed; it is situated on the sea-coast near the mouth of the Loire.
2528. Compare
Jufqua la Eochelle II z prenoient Sauuergarde, tant le craignoient. 11 prenoit a paftiz partout Autant au millieu covame au boult.
According to Eoquefort, pastis (from Lat. pactio) is a forced contribution which men agree to pay an enemy; so that the giant, in fact, levied " black mail " on the inhabitants ; but the word paceyfed (or pateyfed) remains obscure.
2533. This seems to imply that Geoffrey heard that the giant called him a man with a great tooth, but the line is merely parenthetical in the Fr. text ;
Quant Gieffray la nouelle entend, (Que len appelle au grant dent), &c.
P. 92, 1. 2513. Hym-seJfenn the tenth, i. e. He went with nine others. It is a French idiom ; Luy dixiefme fen part de la.
2553. maters, Maillieres in the Fr. text, Malliers in German. It means Maillezais in Poitou ; De la Mure ; Histoire, p. 493. The prose romance has Maillezes, fol. 112.
P. 93, 1. 2579. monJce; MS. moke (!)
2583. all my lifesfate, i. e. all my life ; Fr. Car la vueil le ma vie vl'er.
252 NOTES TO THE POEM.
2585. in you (is) all the hold ; i. e. all depends upon you ; Fr. en vous tient.
2586. herd, hard.
2594. This apparently refers to the tonsure.
P. 94, 1. 2608. A mom, on the morrow ; Fr. au matin.
2622. MerJcmmistre ; Fr. maire monftier.
2623. Broughdieu ; Fr. bourg de dieu.
2630. Fr. A fainct martin, la grant eglise. " France had three (tutelar saints), who had each his sacred city; each, a3 it were, succeeded to, without dispossessing the other. St Martin of Tours was the older ; St Remi, who baptized Clovis into the Catholic Church, had an especial claim on all of Frankish descent. But, as Paris rose above Tours and Rheims, so rose St Denys, by degrees, to be the leading saint of France." Dean Milman; Hist, of Latin Christianity ; vol. 6, p. 244. 2nd ed. At p. 249 of the same work we read, " Tours and Poitiers quarrelled for the body of St Martin."
2632. And thereof (I will) cause deeds to be made.
P. 95, 1. 2633. Compare
Ou de notre dame de chartres ; Voire, fe tu veulx de paris, Ne foiez done de Rien marris ; Car bien suis acointe du pape, II ny aura Riens qui mefchappe ; Et puis apres ferez euefque, Ne demoura guerres apres que Autre bonne euefchie auras, Soit paris, beauuoir, ou arras.
P. 96, 1. 2650. Fr. text, Et la pour nous dieu pryeras. The English is obscure.
2668. The word in seems redundant, as far as the sense is concerned.
2672. Compare — Hz furent ars, vaille q^e vaille; where ars means burnt.
2676. Compare
Mellufine fut a vouent, Et mectoit fes Robes au vent, Ou nouuellement fut venue, Iamais elle ne fen fut tenue.
P. 97, 1. 2700. Thre; Fr. Trois.
P. 98, 1. 2744. Whose coming was the occasion of the feast ; but the Fr. only says that the ladies came there on that occasion —
Et de dames trefgrant foifon T vindrent pour celle achoyfon.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 253
P. 90, 1. 2761. Ton are not so hardy as to enquire of your "wife, cither seriously or in jest, whither she goes.
2771. The right sense should be — And some others say that she goes on this day to Fairy-land ; compare
Autres dient que en faerye
Va cellui lour — faichies de voir,
Frere, mectes paine a fauoir.
2784. There lie fade Jcnakhed ; hndkJced (knocked) is the translator's blunder ; it should mean, There he fast hastened where he had not been (before). The mistake is easily traced; Ir. text, Se Hapa ou oncques neuft efte.
P. 100, 1. 2S09. Here is an evident allusion to the coat of arms of Lusignan. The shield was " burel£ d'argent et d'azur de dix pieces ; " De la Mure, pp. 494, 502 ; cf. note to 1. 2056. So too Melusine's tail was divided into bars or stripes of argent and azure.
2812. to sight gan purchas ; i. e. he saw.
2817. to Ende, to the end that ; Ft. affin que.
2818. clout, a fragment of cloth ; Fr. drapelet ; in next line, melted is the Fr. mefle (mele) smeared, lit. mixed ; and Alicay = altogether.
P. 101, 1. 2843. Cursed be the hour that ever (you) came hither.
P. 102, 1. 2S57. There is a line omitted before this ; compare
Et droit euft de ce courouchiers ; Deftruit en fut et exillies, Car, &c.
where courouchiers should perhaps be courouchier ; so that the meaning should be, And (Kaymond) was right to be angry at this ; (the earl) was destroyed for it, and (his people) exiled.
2863. To on his brother, to one, viz. to his brother ; Fr. A vng, fien frere.
2868. lament, lamented.
2872. purer, poorer, more wretched.
P. 103, 1. 28S0. Fr. Perdray ma pensee Ioyeuse ; thus pcnxif = thoughtful, and is redundant.
2882. Fr. Miraige letter en \ngpuis.
2889. led, laid down.
2903. In on estat, in one position.
P. 104, 1. 2928. merely, merrily.
P. 105, 1. 2950. Gueruande ; read Guerrande, as in the French.
2960. staf, a mace ; Fr. machue.
2963. A complete mistranslation ; it should be " which had cost many ecus ; " Fr. Qui coufte auoit mainte efcu. The mistake
254 NOTES TO THE POEM.
arose from the double meaning of efcu, viz. 1. a shield ; 2. a piece of money.
2965. Again wrong ; it should mean, May God preserve him ! he undertakes a great deed ! Fr. Dieu le faulue, gr«nt fait em- prent.
2969. stil you, be silent ; Fr. vous taifies.
P. 106, 1. 2980. So long war hast had, or made.
2992. full, foul things, evil ; unless it be an error for ill. The line means, Who sware by his gods that evil should come to him ; the Fr. text however is slightly different — Les dieux Iura que mal y vint.
2993. He considered himself sorely disgraced, since a single man desired to war against him openly.
P. 107, 1. 3016. The translator probably meant this line and the next to be said by Geoffrey; but we ought to alter And to /aid ; for the Fr. has,
Chetif — dit guedon, &c.
3023. foh/, is no nay, it is folly, there's no denying it ; Fr. ccft grant folye.
3025. she, i. e. his life, which is feminine in French (la vie).
3029. Fr. text, Mais le geant compte nen tient.
P. 108, 1. 3032. sett ; the nom. case to the verb is Geoffrey, who set him (a stroke) there in the breast.
3035. to se = in sight ; an expletive phrase.
3037. The syntax is hereabouts very wild. The line means, Hast thou not given me such an offering ? it shall be restored this moment ; i. e. You have bestowed on me a fair blow, and it shall be now returned.
3039. This means — he was wrath that he had just been so cast down to the ground in that isle by a single stroke.
3013. This means — as Geoffrey kept turning about, never still, the giant (took) the steel falchion in hand, cutting the legs off Geoffrey's courser. The omission of the verb took is very awkward.
3051. This describes the effect of a second blow given by Geoffrey ; the first nearly cut off the giant's left arm (his right was cut quite off soon afterwards), and the second smote him sorely on the haunch.
3055, 6. The sense is — the giant thought he must make the fight a mortal one.
3058. thereof gaf; imitated from the French ;
Son ffael prent et meet en la place, Au gieffroy fur le heaulme en donne.
P. 109, 1. 3061. fleing ; Fr. text, voler.
3065. The MS. actually has legges ; but the Fr. tells us that — Yng de fes marteaulx guedon prent.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 255
30G7. Compare
Du coup Ruer moult fefuertue (sic) De gieft'roy actaiut la macliue ; II la luy fift voler des mains.
3071. To Gaffray noght had, Geoffrey had nothing ; this use of had is an imitation of the Erench idiom y auoit.
3074;. genyng, given.
3078. Whether arm, staffe, or axe, (they all) fell down right nigh him. It was his right arm, says the prose romance.
3080. The last word in the line is most obscurely written. The Er. merely says — Quant vie vng de les bras perdu. JBede does not seem right. The word " grad " (see 1. 2253) would fit in better.
3082. of-neio, lately ; it often means anew, again ; but the giant had still one arm left to raise his sword with.
3081. But (Geoffrey) avoided the stroke. 3089. Compare
Lui a donne vng tel merel, Et vne fi tresgrande offerende, lleaulme na qui ne pourfende.
P. 110, 1. 3093. hys home sarasin, his Saracen horn ; this well exemplifies the variation between the English text and the Cam- bridge Erench copy ; for the latter is here wrong ; it says, Puis prent fon corps farafmois ; but corps must be an error for come, a horn.
3103. geannt, giant's.
3101. You moved war (i. e. fought) against this man, and thought in your mind to vanquish him, and have now discomfited this enemy.
3111. I shold = I ought ; i. e. it was my duty to; Er. deuoie.
P. Ill, 1. 3121. Whereby (he) had then manfully ended the war.
3110. icace, was ; as also in 1. 1811.
3117. Alas! (he) wrought the letters (at an) ill hour.
P. 112, 1. 3163. Norbelande; Er. text, Northombellande.
3172. The word on is necessary; Er. II maine a tout le pnys guerre.
P. 113, 1. 3191. Er. text, Pour lamour de chrestiennete. The next line is not in the Erench at all.
3213. The word goste seems mtroduced for the sake of the rime, to the prejudice of the sense ; the French is,
Dair fut vermeil comme sangs, De fin dueil quil auoit au corps.
P. Ill, 1. 321S. tho ill, those evil men ; tJiys, thus.
256 NOTES TO THE POEM.
3230. messengers, should be messenger; so in 1. 3235, Thai should be he, &c. ; for there was only one messenger ; cf. 1. 3316.
P. 115, 1. 3256. bally d ; a mistranslation, which looks like guesswork ; for the Fr. has palle, i. e. pale.
3263. full, foully, evilly ; mal le pensastes.
P. 116, 1. 3292. Thaken, for taken ; so too in 1. 3177, Then for Ten,
P. 117, 1. 3339. semyng in corage, as it seems to my thoughts ; Fr. text, " Dieu le pere, ee mest daduis."
P. 118, 1. 3358. eonclute, conducted; Pr. conduisoit.
3365. The Fr. line corresponding to this is,
En peu deure moult loings alerent.
"Way's note, in his edition of the Promptorium Parvulorum, to the word kennynge is so entirely to the point that I give it here. " Will. Worcester uses the term kenning to denote a dis- tance at sea, pp. 179, 313 ; and it appears from Leland that 20 miles was accounted as a kenning, probably, as the extreme dis- tance within ordinary sight. ' Scylley is a kennyng, that is to say, about xx. miles from the very Westeste pointe of Corne- waulle.' Itin. iii. f. 6. See also f. 13." Many readers will probably recall the lines in Keats's Sonnet " On first looking into Chapman's Homer,"
" Then felt I like some watcher of the skies When a new planet swims into his ken."
P. 119, 11. 33S1— 3392. These lines are parenthetic, being added by the writer to prepare us for the coming denouement of the story.
P. 120, 1. 3399. lered, buried; ofhys, of him; altered for the sake of the rime. We still say — that body of his.
3117. Hissed with right hand, crossed himself; Fr. si se signa.
3423. Is it this? is 'it thus ? Fr. Est il ainsi?
P. 122, 1. 3476. wronged, read wrong. Fr. text, " Nay pas tort se le me tourmente."
3484. Fr. text, " Et, pour la larme de vantosme." It seems to be a sort of proverbial oath. The words " hys fair " seem to have no meaning, and to be merely expletive.
P. 121, 1. 3551. scroched, sic in MS.
P. 125, 1. 3556. serxj, we should expect say, to rime with G affray ; yet sery may be = Lat. sero, in the sense of say, utter, or speak, which it sometimes bears.
3575. Trowing means as I trow ; Fr. " Bien quinze fois, se croy le, ou vint."
35S4. Fr. " Mal vey ton gracieux demaine."
P. 127, 1. 3617. This line seems imperfect. The line in the MS. ends with " difceiue," in which the e has been smudged nearly out again. The Fr. has,
NOTES TO THE POEM. 257
" Se mon corps a toy demouroit, Tu ta perceuras bien briefmewt De ton maluais parluremrat ; Se verite meussies tenue, [Fol. S2 b.~\ Jusques ala mort rne eussies eue,
Et par raoy eussies eu secours," &c.
3640. seueralte can only mean separation; yet the precise opposite is meant ; " Plus ny sera ensemble tenue."
P. 128, 1. 3652. She draws the three barons aside, to tell Ray- moncl and them ber special injunction about Horrible; hence her speaking in an undertone, and her addressing Raymond as before.
P. 129, 1. 3689. The Pr. has
Qui de tous eulx eftoit le maiffcre, JSil en fut caufe, bien en peut eftre ;
meauing, I suppose, that if the abbot were at the bottom of all, it was not to be wondered at.
P. 130, 1. 3711. This story of Melusine's re-appearance before melancholy events is always carefully insisted on wherever the legend is told. Her first manifestation of herself was just before Raymond's death, as told further on, 11. 5182 — 5191. According to the prose romance (fol. 218) she was seen by an English cap- tain, one Sersnel, just before he lost the castle to the duke of Berry; and she was also seen several times by one "godart," and moreover by one " yuon of walles," and by many others.
P. 132, 1. 3802. How the earl of Eorest met with his death will be duly told hereafter. See p. 170.
P. 133, 1. 3809. This eulogy of the lords of Parthcnay is care- fully enlarged upon at the close of the poem, for obvious reasons.
P. 139, 1. 4011. Rather or later, Sooner or later. This is a peculiarly good instance of the use of rather, it being so well brought out by later following.
4015. The Ft. text has,
Elle fait mon cuer cfpartir, En Remectant comme la cire fait le geant feu en larmes frire." Ainu fe tourmente Raymont.
She divides my heart, re-kindling it as the giant fire fries wax into tears. Thus Raymond torments himself." The translator has quite missed this.
P. 140, 1. 4048. " Whether I lie or no, God on high knows." Such asseverations occur often.
P. 141, ]. 4055. norbelande; why this spelling occurs is not clear; for the Fr. text has " northombelaude," and the prose ro- mance " Northombcrlaud." Tieck writes it Korheiucn.
17
258 NOTES TO THE POEM.
P. 142, 1. 4101. That the French copy from which the trans- lator took the poem had slightly different readings from the Cam- bridge copy is of course likely enough. Already, more instances of deviation have been pointed out than can be accounted for by a supposition of errors in translation. The mention of the " marbre stone" on which the giant sat is a crucial instance; for the Cambridge copy reads,
La guide voyt fur vng Rochier Le geaut aflis fur vng arbere ;
whereas, when we turn to Tieck's German version, the word " Marmorstein " re-appears ; so that there was doubtless a special mention of marble in that French copy which the translator used.
4106. He had no dread or fear at all, for he thought he need not mistrust God that he had been misled.
P. 144, 1. 4149. The re-appearance of the word " werly " in this line, as indicated in the foot-note, is of course due to its having been copied in from the line above. It is clearly superfluous.
P. 145, 1. 4181. The Fr. has, De leaige de fix ou fept ans.
P. 147, 1. 4240. We ought rather to read "And yut, so I shall; " Fr. text, Et fi feray le ; mais dy moy, &c.
P. 148, 1. 4254. The comma above the line after " cofyn " is a misprint.
4278. It wanted but little that he had not been destroyed.
P. 149, 1. 4311. The reading "Aid" is supported by the Fr. text;
Se la ne luy donnent aye Magot, Apolin, Ternagant.
P. 150, 1. 4319. The reading " conquered " is amply supported by 1. 3942 (not 3492, as misprinted) which runs, Wich that ceafou conquered was and gett.
4336. The cold knife-blade entirely passing through (his thigh- armour) .
4384. According to the prose romance, the name of this mountain of " Northomberland " was called " Brombelyoys," and the story of " Elymas, kyng of Albany," is told at much greater length and at the beginning of the romance, which is its right place. There we find that Presine was the king's second wife, and that the breaking of his oath was due to his listening to the suggestions of JNTathas, his son by his former wife ; with many other additions.
P. 153, 1. 4107. With tlies douffhters Hire lie dosed, he was en- closed by his three daughters. Fr. text, Car fes trois filles len- clouirent.
4L26. Grimold was either the fifth, sixth, or seventh of them, and he hath been the last.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 259
P. 156, 1. 4495. She, i. e. the chamber. The translator doubt- less employed she because the Fr. text has Elle ; just below (1. 4499) he uses it.
4508. Fr. lis portent moult grant medecines.
P. 158, 1. 4549. mariecl ; perhaps the translator meant mar- ried, but the proper meaning here is vexed, Fr. marrye. The French here arranges a few lines in a different order, but the extract given exactly fits in in place of fol. 88. The translator claims to have made his translation nearly line by line, and hero 57 French lines answer to 56 English ones. As we are sure of the exact number of lines lost, we are able to continue the right numbering of the lines by just missing 5G.
4607. More about lady Melior and the Sparrow-hawk castlo will be found further on. See p. 186.
P. 160, 1. 4621. Palatine, elsewhere spelt Palestine, had her name assigned with evident reference to the acquirement by Guy of Lusignan of the title of king of Jerusalem ; see 1. 4634.
4625. coings ; this is spelt in several other ways, as may be seen in the Index of ISaines. The Fr. text has (elsewhere) " courgo ; " and the prose romance, " Guy go." The story of Pa- lestine's treasure is given more at length further on. See p. 196.
P. 162, 1. 46S7. This means that the giant perceived Geoffrey, and perceived that he was doomed. Geoffrey does not perceive him till 1. 4691.
4694. The mis-spelling dorn is probably due to the word Anon following it.
P. 164, 1. 4735. Fr. text, De fon papier eftes plainez.
P. 167, 1. 4827. waloping, galloping. It is curious that this word occurs in the Prose Eomance also, at fol. 169 ; "whan the saudan was departed fro the batayll, he waloped till he cam to [the] sarasyns oost."
P. 171, 1. 4964. The prose romance calls the pope Bencdidus ; hut, strangely enough, there is neither a Benedict nor a Leo among the popes of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
P. 173, 1. 5007. Ayrjlon, called Chastaillon in the Camb. Fr. text.
5010. alludes to 1. 3807.
P. 175, 1. 5085. In all the marches he ruled over, whether it was wrong or right.
P. ISO, 1. 5218. lefte is of course the reading. Fr. text,
De fes pechies Eiens ne laiffa.
P. 183, 11. 5326, 7. There is only one Fr. line answering to these two, but it supports the reading " drad." It runs, " Sar- rafin neuft qui le craingne."
P. 184, 1. 5329. Hys leinjng, during his lifetime; Fr. Son viuant.
5357. Fr. text, Du picrregort en angleterre.
17*
2 GO NOTES TO THE POEM.
P. 185, 1. 5359. cambrere, Er. text, En arragon, ceulx de cam- biere.
P. 186, 1. 5114. The prose romance says, (fol. 7 b) whoever " wil goo watche there the day before the euen and theuen also of saint Iohan baptiste, whiche is on the xx (21th ?) day of lung," may achieve the aventure. It was thus in the " most cheffest time of somertide," (1. 5522) not near midwinter, when we com- memorate the Evangelist.
P. 189, 1. 5503. Fr. text,
Ainu la chambre painte eftoit
Dun pie de mur Iusques au toit,
Qui deuifoit les nafcions
Et les eftranges Regions,
Da furent telz homines vaillans
Qui point ne furent fommeillans, &c. ;
where " deuifoit " means described, not " deuided."
P. 193, 1. 5619. This line should mean, Since you do not keep
to that which is your own ; Er. Mais puisque ne ten veulx tenir. P. 191, 1. 5615. Er.
.Arriue eft a dure fefte,
Car point ne voit qui le loppine,
Mais maint coup euft fur l'on efchine.
Thus the Er. verb loppiner, (lit. to cut into pieces, hence to beat severely), has been twisted into " his opinion " /
5653. Eor remarks on " anointed " in the depraved sense of beaten, see Notes and Quer. 3rd S. IX. 359, 522. The Er. text has oinr/t.
P. 195, 1. 5672. Crius, not mentioned in Camb. Er. text.
5683. Er. text, Mais la moitie pis gouuerna.
5684. De la Mure devotes his last chapter to the kings of Armenia, giving the list as follows. Leo I (reigned 1197), Con- stant, Ilaiton, Leo II, Theodore, Leo III, Hugues, John, Leo IV, Leo V, Leo VI. This makes Leo I the hero of the Sparrow- hawk adventure, Constant the king mentioned in 1. 5682, and the rest the " nine heirs." The name of the last king agrees with the prophecy in 1. 562S, and De la Mure tells us (p. 526) so much of his history as confirms the account in the next stanza ; " il se refugia en France aupres du Roi Charles VI, l'an 1385. Et ayant dispose de scs droits au Poyaume dArmenio, en faveur de la Maison de Chypre, comme il a ete vu ci-devant, il mourut a Paris, l'an 1393, le 29e novembre. II y fut inhume en l'eglise des Celestines, ou on voit sa representation," &c. I may add that La Coudrette insinuates that he saw the funeral himself — " Ou moult de gens le vey enfeinble " — a line omitted in the trans- lation.
NOTES TO THE POEM. 261
P. 190, 1. 5718, treteth, read tretgng ; where — yng marks the infinitive.
P. 200, 1. 5S23. Fr. text,
Vng liomme trouua en fa voye, Qui Iufques an mont le eonuoie ;
which shows that " be " should he " he," and suggests that 1. 5N21 should run thus,
Which to this niontain he gan hjm conuay,
where "he" means high, as elsewhere. For this mountain is ge- nerally called the high mountain ; see 11. 4625, 4631, 5725.
P. 201, 1. 5281. Brandes should no doubt be Brainiest; Fr. text, Brandift.
P. 205, 1. 5972. Fr. text,
Qui fut Iadis clerc de inellin, Et pres dillecques demouroit ;
whence it is clear that mellin (translated Merlyn !) is the name of a place, probably Molina near the Sierra Molina in the extreme !S. of Arragon.
5981. Fr. text,
Ce devin eftoit nay defpenge, Et fut a lefcole a tolette, &c. ;
so that " of good cognicion " should have been horn in Spain ; and " Tholouse certain " really represents Toledo. P. 208, 1. 6061. Fr. text,
Helas, II euft eu le trefoir, Et conquis, feuft vefqu encoir, Et terre de promiffion, Qui taut eft faincte Eegion.
P. 209, 1. 6105, Fr. text,
La gift, la eft la tombe mife le lay veue de mes deulx yeulx.
P. 211, 1. 61G2. Fr. text, Elle court plus fort qune fleffe.
P. 212, 1. 6175. Who this "one AVilliam" was I tail to find, there being no archbishop of Bourdeaux of that name at this time, though Bourdeaux would be the see in which was Parthe- nay. Nor was the archbishop of Paris, nor of Tours, so named at this time; but it is observable that "William Fabri was then bishop of Perigueux, the native place of this lord of Parthenay's daughter-in-law; seel. G373.
6182. A curious mistake about the date has here crept into the text; the year should be 1101. For the Fr. text has, " En lau mil vng et quatrecens; and this fulfils the conditions; for, in
2G2 NOTES TO THE POEM.
1401, the 17th of May was not only a Tuesday, but the Tuesday before Pentecost. The false date, 1407, is easily accounted for ; for it so happens that in that year too the 17th of May was on a Tuesday, but it was the Tuesday after Pentecost, which makes all the difference.
P. 213, 1. 6206. Pr. text,
Put faicte la translacion En Ian et Incarnacion Du chief du gracieux corps ; Car II eftoit la pieca mors.
P. 214, 1. 6266. The reigning king was Charles VI.
P. 219, 1. 6123. Both here and below the Pr. text spells the name " coudrette."
P. 220, 1. 6433. The Camb. copy of the Pr. text ends with the line, Adoncques fe taira coudrette ; the litany being missing, though part of the page is left blank.
P. 223, 1. 6546. The translator, being deserted at this poiut by Coudrette, gives us an original epilogue, wherein he consider- ably falls off, and, towards the end, seems almost to give it up.
P. 224, 1. 6553, repeated from Prologue, 1. 15.
6577. This boast is hardly borne out by the facts.
GLOSSAEIAL INDEX.
[The French words inserted between marks of parenthesis after the -word to be glossed are the corresponding words in the French text. Thus " Aduertise [aduiser) " means that aduiser is the word which the translator has rendered by aduertise ; but it is not meant that aduiser occurs in all the passages where adut rtise does, only that they are found to correspond once at least. In very many instances, the Fr. word greatly explains the English one, which is the reason for giving it. The following abbreviations have been used ; — Pr. Parv. = Promptorium Parvu- lorum ; Bur. = Burguy, Glossaire de la langue d'oil ; Cotg. = Cotgrave's French Dictionary ; Roq. = Roquefort's Glossaire ; Jam. = Jamieson's Scottish Dictionary. Ch. appended to a word means that it is used by Chaucer. Other abbreviations, as A.S. for Anglo-Saxon, O.N. for Old Norse, O.Fr. for Old French, &c, will be readily understood. The letter p before a number refers to the Prologue. The books referred to in italics — as K. Horn — are books published by the E. E. T. S.]
A, he, 5400.
A, on, 752, 805 ; A day, on a
day, at times, 75 2. Abake, to putte (JRecuillier), to
put aside, decline, 3110; to
defeat, 2094, 2100. Abakwarde, backwards, 5888. Abasslied, amazed, astounded,
2052, 2346, 2849, 4806;
afraid, 2635. It. esbahir.
" Abaschyd or aferde. Terri-
tus." Pr. Parv. Aby, abide it, 4679. Ch. Acause, because, 2913, 3611. Aceeptiff, acceptable, pleasing,
3285. Accounte, to count, number,
4892. "Here to account,"
&c. Spenser, F.Q. iii. 6. 30. Accpiitail, acquittal, 4764.
Aday, on various Jays, at various
times, often, 4252. Adieu commaunde, I commend
you to God, 3849. Adquire, acquire, p. 99. Adrad, afraid, 588. Aduertise (aduiser), to pay heed
to, 477; to notice, perceive,
2847. Aferrom, 629, 3375 ; ) afar off, at Aferrome, 4488, / a distance.
AS. feorran, feorrene. Affiaunce, trust, 3177. Affray, disturbance, 2854. Ch. Any, to be affianced to, 6052. Aforn, 136, 347, 353,-)
4435, 4891, 4995, [ before. Aforne, 56, 4440, J
" Aforne (afore, Aide, coram?
Pr. Parv.
264
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Afray, terror, 140. Ch. Again, 2534, \ acm[nst Agayne, 251, J ° Agast, were afraid, 480 G.
" Agaste, supra in a-ferde."
Pr. Parv.
A-liy, on high, 1210. SeeArihy.
Alabastre, 4515, ) , , , ait j. rnon r alabaster. Alebastre, 5039, J
A-land, on land, 4836. Alfaste, very quickly, 3252. Alienyng, alienating, G128. All-oute, fully, entirely, com- pletely, 2320, 4463, 5922. It
occurs also in Lancelot of the
La Ik. Al-oute, the same as the above,
8G6. All-ther-nrst, first of all, 2490.
So too AlSer best, best of all,
Gen. fy Ex. Cf. I Hi. allereerst. Als, also, 3440, 41G3, 5089. Ch. Als! alas! 2159, 2166. Fr.
text, las, which see in Roq. Amended, 4544, | grew stronger, Amcndid, 4035, J grew up. Ameruelled, astonished, 405. Amidward, in the middle, 4291. Allium, in the morning, on the
morrow, 5519. An, written for And, 4957. Ancelle, handmaid, 645G. Lat.
ancilla. And, if, 5384, 5446, 6S09. An-hy, on high, 2704, 2966,
3145, &c Anoynted, used jocularly of a
good beating, 5653. So the
Fr. text, Men oingt. Antecessour, ancestor, 6359. . Antecessoures, predecessors, 4786. A-per-se, superexcellent, lit. A by
itself, 1148. Apertly, openly, />.30, 331.
Piers Tl. Aplace, in her place, before all,
932.
Aplas, in your place, in his pre- sence, 522. " Aplace, in place. Gower." Wright's Pro v. Diet.
Aply, to ply, bend, 4187.
Apparaill (la pareille), the like of it (?) Apparently copied from the Fr. text ; 742.
Apparailled (apparaillie), adorn- ed, 927.
Appareill, to deck, adorn, 5236.
Appetite, desire, wish, 2621 ; desire, love, 2896.
Apply, to bend to, submit to, 5313. See Aply.
Arew, arrow, 6162.
Argent (argent), silver money, 1119.
Armes, coats-of-arms, painted shields, 5481 ; a coat-of-arms (sing.), 5494.
Army dedes, deeds of arms, gallant acts, 1738, 4134, 5745 j dedes Army, 1386, 1489.
Army peple (gens darmes), men completely armed, 2215.
Armyly (tout arme), completely armed, used as an adv., 5418.
Arson (archon), saddle-bow, 2961. Fr. argon.
Asaid, said, 450.
Askes, ashes, 3412.
Assemble, encounter, 1728.
Assembled (sasserriblerent), en- countered, 1328, 1725.
Assoled, prob. error for assoiled, 5224.
Astabled (estaolist), established, 5281.
Astat, estate, condition, 393, 1257. All. Poems.
Astoned, stunned, benumbed, 4289.
Astronemie, 6, | astrology.
Astronemye, 187, J So in Lance- lot, 1. 432.
Astronumian, a man learned in astronomy and astrology, 12.
GLOSSAKIAL INDEX.
265
At end, at last, 4683, 5244.
Athirt, athwart, 169.
A-this-side, 266, \
A-thys-side, 2469, > on this side.
Athissid, 3472, )
Athissid Borne, on this side of Rome, a proverbial phrase for anywhere.
Ato,a-two, in twain, 3087,5857.
Attained, attainted, defiled, 466. See (iff i indre in Roq.
— " that a queene . . . In any wise should be attamed."
Chaucer's Dream ; 112S, "Athamyd, as a wessel wyth drynke. Attaminatus." — Pr. Parv.
Attende, await, wait for, 1422; expect, 1425, 1465.
Aualed (avatte), let down, lowered, 3001, 4479. Ch.
Auaunce, to advance an opinion, propose, make provision, 2377.
Auaunce, 5566. See To-auaunce.
Auaunsing himselfe, proceeding on his way, 5655.
Auaunt (moy muter), to boast, #.161. Ch.
Auenture, ill fortune, 391 ; good fortune, 416.
Auentures, adventures, p.102.
Auise, sb. counsel, 5269.
Auise, vb. pay heed to, 2014; perceive, espy, 4687 ; con- sider, 5454. Auise hym, let him take heed, 5382.
Auised, he perceived, 4448.
Auisse, good counsel, wisdom, 6486.
Auncion, old ; most auncion = eldest, 1276; ancient, p.22.
Auncionte, antiquity, 6357.
Aunter, to adventure oneself, p. 21. Ch.
Autentike, praiseworthy, ex- emplary, 6181. Cotg. gives under Authentique, "approved or allowed by authority."
Auynsime, a period of twenty days; hence, speedily ; 1981. The Pr. text has quinze lours. Wright's Prov. Diet, gives " Avintaine, speedily." Auyn- sime = Avintaine, just as O. Fr. oisme = huitieme; and vintaine is O.Pr. for vingtaine, a score.
Auysilye, advisedly, wisely, 538.
A-where, everywhere, 4245, 4952,5352. A.S. JSg-hwoer.
Ay, ever, 3262, 3650, 4162. Ch.
Ay, each; in the phr. "other ay," 103. It seems to be put for " ayper." " Ay}>er ojjer in armes con felde." Gawain, 1. 841.
Aye, 2959; Ayen, 1735, again.
Ayne (laisne), eldest, 1695.
Bace, low, 621. See Bas.
Baculere, bachelor, a novice in arms or arts. See Bacheler in Roq. 616, 1925, 4243, 5955. [The MS. has in all four places the reading "baiulere," but it is hard to see how this can be right, unless the i had the sound of j, and even then it is a strange spelling.]
Bakke, in the phr. with the bakke = backwards, where with =A.S. mi, 4709.
Ballad, bald, 3256. Ch.
Bandone, disposal, 4767.
"For both wise folke and
unwise Were wholly to her bandon
brought." Ch. Rom. of Rose, 1163; where the orig. has a son bandon.
Baptime, baptism, 1242.
Barge, a ship of large size, 1284, 5666. The Fr. text says it was so called because it was
266
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
si large. Eoq. says, " grande
barque qui portoit trois voiles
et un ancre." Baronage (baronnye), an assembly
of "barons, 685, 5199. See
barniez, Eoq. Barony (baronnye), the same as
Baronage, 853. Barreres (barriere), barriers, bars,
4663. [M.S. Barrore, but Pr.
Parv. has Barrere, q. v.] Bas, low ; gen. in phr. " hie and
bas," high and low, 4, 523,
927, 945, &c; adv. down- wards, 665. Base ; in phr. base wise (en bas),
in a low soft way, in a whisper,
2916. Basly ; more basly (plus bas) =
lower, 1216. Basse, low, 6157. Bash, be amazed, wonder, 782.
0. Fr. esbahir. Basshed, amazed, 605, 2351,
2940. Basterd, bastard wine, 979. Bastiled (basti), fortified, fur- nished with defences, 1134.
" Bastille, fortifie avec des
tours et des creneaux." Eoq. Befom, before, 1357, 4943, 5280.
See Aforne. Behest, promise, 273. Ch. Behofull, behoveful, necessary,
3379, 4109. Behold, sb. a look, glance, 3543. Belay, belly, 4307, 4534. Bement, bemoaned, 3320, 3883,
3907, &c. Bered (enseuely), buried, 3399. Berres, an error for Breres, briars,
brush-wood, 3297. See Brere
in Pr. Pair. Besain, beseen, seemly, 858. Beseying, busying, 3431. Besinesse, industry, diligence,
2495.
Bete (bastue), adorned with beaten gold (?) 917. See Tyrwhitt, note to v. 981 of Cant. Tales.
Betan, the same as Bete, 4502.
Bethenke, think of, 3998.
Bette, 3034, ) , , , . Q , ..
-o u. cmp l better. A.S. bet. Bett, 5526, j
Better (amere), bitter, 2825.
Beuteuous, beauteous, 5077,
5192, 5441. Bild, 1172, )bdl Billed, 3115,) Dmlt* Blecere, wound, hurt, 3572. Fr.
blessure. Blenched, 3085, ) swerved aside, Blent, 4268, j shrank aside.
See Blench in Wedgwood's
Etym. Diet. Blissed, blessed himself, crossed
himself, 2813, 3417, 4807,
4754. The Fr. text generally
has se signa. Bliue, quickly, 5673. Bob. of
Gloucest. 1. 50. Blode, in phr. of blode = by
blood, i. e. by blood relation- ship, 4829. Bode, vb. tarried, abode, waited,
2958, 4058. A.S. Udan. Bode, sb. abiding, tarrying, rest,
1937, 4466. Ch. Bole (toneau), a large-sized bowl,
2988. Cf. "His bolle of a
galun." K. Horn, 1123. Bolned (enflez), swollen, 1428.
" Bolnyd. Tumidus.'1 Pr.
Parv. Sw. bulna. Dan. Inline. Bonet, a small additional sail,
6407. "Bonet of a seyle.
Arte mo, sin i pum." Pr. Parv.
See Morte Arthur, 1. 3657. Boode, tarried, waited, 5414. Bmid, awaited (vb. act), 5458. But me, bottom, 4480. AS.
botm. Brace, embrace, seize, 1446.
" bracer, embrasser," Burguy.
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
2G7
Braid, Braide, Brayd, time, moment of time, 453, 486, 2828, &c. O.N. brag*, a rapid movement, a twinkling.
Braid (braierd), cried out, lit.
. brayed, 2122. 0. Fr. braire.
Brandes (brandisi), brandishes, 5854. - Unless it be an error for brandest, brandished.
Bred, broad, 5647.
Brede, breadth, 1180, 3008, 3101. Ch.
Brede, bread, 3661.
Breffes, letters, 2683. 0. Fr. and Ger. brief.
Brend, Brende, burnt, 229, 2667, 3412, &c.
Brenne, to burn, 3229. O.N. brenna. Ger. brennen.
Brennyng, burning, 5347. A.S. brenning.
Brennynglie, fervently, extreme- ly, 69.
Bretherin, brethren, 3666, 5344.
Breueloker, in a briefer manner, 6582. Cf. Goodlokest.
Briddes, birds, 877, 1003, 5476. Ch.
Brigge (pont), bridge, 1222. A.S. brig.
Brise, breaketh, 3748. Br. briser.
Brought (bourg), town, 1171, 1199.
Bruled (brulez), burnt, 2289, 3313, 4855, 5246.
Bruschet, small twigs, brush- wood, 3299. "Broce, menu bois ;" Burguy. " Brossettes, small heath wherof head- brushes are made ; " Cotg.
Bryghty, bright, 2149.
Burlid, striped ; only in the phr. "burlid with siluer and Asure," 2809, 3492, 3870. "Burelle d' argent etd'azur; (We blaze it thus) he bears so many clossets argent and azure ; " Cotg. Cf.
the heraldic term Barruly.
Buschineutes (bachines), prob. an error for Buschinetes or Bas- chinetes, basnets, light helmets, 2148. See Bassinet in Cotg.
Bustesly (raydemeni), boisterous- ly, violently, fiercely, forcibly, 2262, 3257, 4171, 4271. See Boystows in Pr. Parv.
By-ment, bemoaned, 1346. See Bement.
Byrnde, burnt, 3408.
Caitife, wretch, 3318.
Calange, challenge, i. e. claim, 3725. "Calanger, as Clial- anger." Cotg.
Can (scet), knows, p. 108. A.S. cunnan.
Canoun, canon ; right canoim = canon law, 8.
Carectes, characters, 6605.
Carfoukes (carrefourg), places where four roads meet, 1819. See Cartehowse in Pr. Parv. [Carfax is often derived from quatre votes ; why not from carre fourgs (quatuor /area-) /]
Carfty, crafty, 5708.
Cassedony, chalcedony, 4510. " And sujjfie riche casse- doines ; " Fl. & Blanch. 286.
Caste, plannest, intendest, 30 1 6.
Catell (das biens), chattels, goods, 457.
Catholike, 462, 3500.
Cautels (catddle), trickery, cun- ning, attempt at overreaching, 5563. See Roq.
Caytif, 2166, ) h
Caytiff, 3016, j WTCTcn*
Ceason, season, 4150, 5521.
Celest, celestial, 5419.
Celestif, celestial, 3288.
Cereatly, p. 18, 6554, N| in due
Ceriatly, 1836, Lat. seriatim.
) in due j order.
268
GLOSSAUIAL INDEX.
Cerched, searched, 4743. Cerching, searching, 4656. Certes, certainly, 3665, 4984.
Cesse, cease, 4043.
Chanon (chanoine), a canon, 644, 2626.
Chapitre-hous, chapter house, 3249.
Charge, vb. to heed, reck, care, 3937.
Charge, sb. regard, care, 4124.
Chaufe, to chafe, warm, 224.
Chaufed, chafed, warmed, 4024 ; chafed, angry, 3258.
Chausing, chasing, 4911.
Chere (chier), dear, 2749.
Cherefull (tres cJiier), dear, 2585.
Cherished, vb. neut. grew up, 4035.
Cherisly, dearly, 5338.
Cherishly, dearly, 122.
Chermat (cMere mate), chap- fallen, 5882. See Char and Mat in Burguy.
Chersh, to cherish, 6318.
Ches, chose, 326.
Chese, choose, 4965. Ch.
Cheue, achieve, 597.
Childed (mfanta), hare, 1157, 1193; borne, 4401.
Chine, chink, 4343. A.S. cine.
Chinesse, chine, hack ; chinesse bred = broad back ; unless chinesse is intended for a gen. case, and then chinesse bred= back's breadth ; see brede. The Fr. has simply leschine : 5647.
Chirmed, made a loud noise, chirped loudly, 878. Cf. " synnigra eyrm, the uproar of sinners;" Caedmon, ed. Thorpe, 145, 17. "With charm of earliest birds;" Milton, P. L. i\\, 642. See Forby.
Chirsly (moult elder), dearly, 23.
Clariners, clarion-players, trump-
eters, 2221. "Claryowre or clarenere, IAticen." Pr. Parv.
Clarre, a clear wine, 972. See Claret, in Pr. Parv.
Claustrall, living in a cloister, 2595. Cotg.
Claymed (clamez), proclaimed, called, 1675.
Clemrnyng, climbing, 235.
Clergy, 2552, ) knowledge,
Clerigie, 7, j science. 0. Fr. clergie.
Clerke, a scholar, 2552.
Cliue, clove, 1382.
Closed, enclosed, 5577 ; was en- closed, 4407.
Cloute (drupelet), a small bit of cloth, 2818. " Clowte of cloth, Scrutum." Pr. Parv.
Cognicion, knowledge, 5981.
Collyng (laccola), taking round the neck, embracing, 2911.
Comeraunce (freeur), mental trouble, great fright, 4905. "Comerawnce. Vexacio." Pr. Parv.
Comerd, cumbered with grief, overwhelmed with chagrin, 4402. See Combrer, Bur. ; and cf. Ger. kummer, grief.
Comerous, cumbrous, trouble- some, 4066. " Comerovs, Vexatwus." Pr. Parv. Also cumbersome, vast, 5773.
Comforth, sb. comfort, 3985 ; vb. to comfort, 3922.
Commaunde, commend, 3849, 4771.
Commaunded, commended, 264, 5166, 5439.
Commaundyng, commending, 3964.
Compernage, company, 1020, 3706.
Complesh, accomplish, 5212.
I '"lnpleshed, accomplished, 3960.
Comynly, commonly, 3685.
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
2G9
Comynte, community, 4072.
" Comownte, communitas."
Pr. Parv. Concellour, counsellor, 3860. Conclude, include, 6553. Conduce, «.206, ) , ,
Condute, 6465, } to COnduct" Condute, conducted, 3358. Conforture, aid, assistance, a
strengthening, 4149. Confraternite, ^>.39. Coniectures, instructions, lessons,
£>.100. Fr. text, Ilz firent
comme bien aprins.
Conisaunce, 802, ) , , , n a n i i knowledge.
Conysance, 404, j °
Conne (sauoir), to know, p. 104.
Connyngliede, skill, p.5.
Conquere, to acquire, 1450, 3942, 4319.
Centred, encountered, met, 3346. Obs. It is followed by again = against ; contred again = met.
Contring [followed by again,] encountering, meeting, 1640; [without again] encountering in a hostile manner, 3030.
Contrepane, comparison, 6587. [The word here means lit. a counterpart, a sense which it has but very seldom ; see " Pane, or parte of a thynge ; " Pr. Parv. " Counterpaine, the counterpart of a deed ; " Wright j Prov. Diet. The usual sense of Fr. contrepan is a gage, pledge.]
Contune, to continue to be, to remain, 2207, 2881.
Coppe, top, 5911. A.S. copp. W. cop.
Corage, intent, p. 80 ; heart, mind, 355 ; thoughts, feel- ings, 1895, 2779; mind, will, 2012 ; of corage = in mean- ing, 530. See Corag&, Roq.
Cordial!, prob. = by heart, p. 1 0 ; unless it is a mere expletive.
Cornicles, chronicles, 1223.
Corporall, large of body, 4456.
Corsed, cursed, 4310.
Cost, side, quarter, direction, 605. O.Fr. coste.
Costile, a knife, dagger, 4334. See Custile.
Costile-yre, knife-iron, knife- blade, 4336.
Coude, knew, 9.
Couent, convent, 2659, 3254, 3266, 3321. O.Fr. covent
Coursed (mauldy), cursed, 304. Cf. Corsed.
Couyne, contrivance, arrange- ment, manner, way, 5582. Ch. See Convine, Roq.
Cowd, could, 4918.
( lowde, knew, 14.
Coyly (coyement), quietly, secret- ly, 2184.
Cracching, scratching, clawing, 5892. " CTawyii or cracchyfi." Pr. Parv.
Great, created, p. 32.
Cressed, increased, grew, 5604.
Cressith, increaseth, augmenteth, 4262.
Cross, sword-hilt, so named from its shape, 4711, 5904.
Crown, tonsure, 3224.
Crusedly, cursedly, 5246.
Crussing, cursing, 2851.
Cure, care, charge, 2617. O.Fr. cure. Roq.
Curtois, 703,
Curtoys, 97,
Custell, a dagger, 5853. « Fr. coideau, O.Fr. coustel, coltel, Lat. cultellus.
Custiles (cousteaulx), daggers, large knives, 1722.
Dampned (dampne), damned, 283, 307, 3335.
courteous.
270
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Damycel, damsel, 936.
Dan = Lat. dominus, a title
often given to monks, 3259,
3272. Ch. Dangerous, sparing, niggardly,
1812. Ch. Debonair, 6525, com4e0us
Debonaire, 28, 828, ccmrteous> -^ , „, ' gracious,
Debonayrjp 91, gentle. Cb.
Deboner, 514/, ' ° Debonerly, courteously, 895. Debonerte, affability, sweet and
gentle demeanour, 3888.
Debonnairete, Cotg. Dede, deed, 4364. Dede, dead, 263, 297, &c. Dede-cold, cold in death, 292,
453. Defautes, defects, failings, p. 74. Deing, dying, 5946. Delefull, doleful, 3293. Deliuerly, quickly, 2859, 4138.
Ch. Demage, damage, 1892, 2316,
3035. Demain (demaine), service, use ;
[lit. property, domain], 5164.
See demaigne, Roq. Deme, to judge, 3600. Ch. Demenyng (demaine), conduct,
demeanour, 3584. See de-
mainer, Roq. Deminute, diminished, 5680. Demurly, softly ; demur ly in
audience, too softly to be well
heard, 788. Fr. text, tout
has. Departson, departure, 104, 1079,
3362, 5024, 5260, &c. Depeynted, painted, 5503. Ch.
has depeint, Dcrain, 4643. See Deray. Deray (desroy), foolishness, lit.
disorderly conduct, 4524.
Contr. from Disarray, as
O.Fr. desroy from desarroy. Desherite, disinherited, Kill!.
Determine, to come to an end,
5596, 5974, 6135. Deuer, duty, 6218. Ch. Deuin, to recount ; to deuin, so
to speak, ^.108, 3660. See
deviner, Bur. Deuise, sb. agreement, manner
agreed on, 505 ; direction, ap- pointment, 2385. Deuise, vb. in the phr. to deuise
= to relate, to recount, 479,
728, 983, 2846, 3744, 5603.
[A mere expletive phrase,
always at the end of a line,
and introduced for the sake of
the rime.] Deuoir, 941, ] , , F , . Deuor, 5304, ) antJ' *T-(lcimi- Diabolike, diabolic, 3499. Diffame, dispraise, infamy, 2763,
2835, 3392. Diffamed, of ill fame, infamous,
3475. Diffaute, fault, sin, 2875, 3316,
4869 ; without diffaute =
without fail, 3025. Diffautes, defects, 6600, 6614. Diffence, prohibition, 4393. Ch. Diffended, forbade, 4392. Ch. Diffy, to defy, 4193. Diffynid, deceased, 4007. Dight, to bring about, cause,
3444 ; decked, arrayed, 4023 ;
prepared, ready, 5421. A.S.
dihtan. Digne, worthy, «.107. Disancred, weighed anchor, 3360. Disccnded, dismounted from
horseback, 4891. Discesse, decease, 3638. Discomficht, to discomfit, subdue,
2535, 2970, 3233, 4087; dis- comfited, 2526. Discomfite, 3121, ) discomfited, Descomfite, 3129, j subdued. Disherite, disinherited, 5554 ;
despoiled, ruined, 2662, 5234.
CLOSSAHIAL INDEX.
271
Disma[i]lled (desmailUes), de- prived of its mail, hacked about, rent, 4357. Disnature, unnatural conduct,
376. Disordinatly, foolishly, lit. dis- orderly, 3560, 367<>. Disording (desordonnee), unruly, unbridled, loose in behaviour, 2768. Dispend, spend, 41. Displesance, sorrow, 3741. Dispoilled, undressed ; desp. hym, undressed himself, 2888 ; desp. hir, undressed herself, 2908. Distayn, deprive, 509. Ch. [lit. to deprive of colour, cause to fade.] Distrained (destrains), afflicted,
vexed, 614. Ch. Distroed, destroyed, 4673, 4790. Distrussand (destruiant), destroy- ing, 4082. Dole (dueU, douleur), grief, 657, 3206, 3669, 3763, 3969. Ch. Dolent (dolent), mournful, sorry,
514, 3395. Dongun, 1130, I donjon tower, Dongon, 4766, < tower, dungeon. Donion, 2983, ( See Donjon in
Burguy. Doubtance (doubtance), dread,
2130. Doubte, sb. fear, 2541 ; vb. are in fear, fear the worst, 1336. O.Er. (Joiiicr. Doubted, feared, 1209, 1218, 1369, 2814, &c. ; rygbt doubted (redoubtee), much feared or respected, 829. Doubty, doughty, 1636, 4821,
6281. Doubty ng, fearing, 4819. Doucet (doidx), sweet, 877, 972,
1008, 3898. Doughter, daughter, 5389.
Doughteth (doubte), feareth, 117.
Doute, vb. to fear, 2318 ; sb. fear, 4383. See Doubte.
Drad, [miswritten draic] dreaded, 5326. Ch.
Dresse, (1) vb. act. to direct, guide, 2604, 4490; vb. reft. go, 2195 ; vs dresse, direct ourselves to, i. e. go to, attain to, 6538 ; vb. neut. to go, 325, 5957. (2) to succeed in get- ting, 2179.
Dressed, erected, lifted, 4798 ; see dresser in Burguy. Also, arrived, come, 1444, 2063.
Dubte, to doubt, fear, 459.
Dured (durerent), lasted, 992. Ch.
Durith, lasteth, 6136.
Dreuyng, driving, hurrying, 1727, 2064. Cf. Morte Arthure, 1. 761.
Drust, durst, 1101.
Dyght, to appoint for himself, 5408..
Ebrew, Hebrew, p.\$8. Edefy, build up, 4009. Ediiied, built, 1684, 2490. Egal, Egall, like, equal; ^.182,
951, 2353. Egally, adj. like, equal, 1165. Egge, edge, 5932. Ellyswhere, elsewhere, 4774. Emprise, reputation, worth, high
estimation, 2013. [This is the
right sense in Lancelot, 11.
1 29, 269, 3458, though Burguy,
Jam., Roq., and Cotg. give no
other sense than enterprise.] Enbras, surround ; lit. embrace,
395, 3304. Enb rasing, embracing, 2911,
3771. Enbrauded, embroidered, 1310.
Cotg. gives " brode, imbroyd-
ed."
272
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Encheson (achoison), occasion, reason, 558, 2744, 5286. 0. Fr. aclwise or encheison, Lat. occasio. Ch.
Endly, having an end, final, 4011.
Enduryng, dining, 4629.
Endys, ends, 2531.
Enfaimling (affamee), starving, succumbing to hunger, 1300.
Enfeffed, intrusted, 2617. O.Fr. fiefer, to give in fief ; see Burguy, s. v. fieu.
Engendrure, parentage, 6345, 6388.
En-gree, in good part, 3819. Fr. en gre.
Engine, skill, 5016 ; craft, con- trivance, 4244, 4392, 5613, 5708. Lat. ingenium.
Enhaused, raised, elevated, 6255. O. Fr. enhalcer, erihattr cier.
Enheritour, heir, 5013, 5357.
Enlesing, lose (inf. mood), 5625.
Enmeddis, amidst, 4223, 5823.
Enmyddes, amidst, 870, 933, 1841, 3085, 3097, 4894, &c.
Enpreising, praising, 1671.
Enpreynted, imprinted, impress- ed, p.\0.
Ensemble, together, 2474, 3996.
Ensulfering, suffering, 4627.
Entend (aetendez), understand, heed, 2746.
Entendement, imderstanding, endeavour, p.81, p.8 1. ( 'b.
Entent, intention, will, wish, p. 18, p.82, p.155; thoughts, 3300, 3394. Ch.
Ententifly, attentively, 5459.
Entercommaunding (sentre-com- manderent), mutually com- mending, 103.
Entere, inter, 49 1 1.
Entered (enterray), interred, 1534, 3101, 3628.
Entermet, to have dealings with, 215. [O.Fr. rid re metre, but this gen. has the sense of undertake, attempt, like Entre- mete below.]
Enterual, 591, ) ,.
EnteruaU, 1095, 2455,] e; lit. interval.
Entreloued, loved mutually, 3734.
Entrelouing, loving mutually, 6352.
Entremete (entremectre), to un- dertake, to take care to do, 3657.
Entrepreignant (entrepreinnant), enterprising, 2504, 5073, 5355.
Entreproched, approached each other, 2225.
Entresembling, encounter, 1730.
Entreual, 45, ) time. See
Entreuall, 5165, j Enterual.
Enuiron, prep, round about, 570 ; rule, round about, round and round, 877, 2905, 4800, 5520. Fr. environ. Ch.
Enuironee, adv. round about, 5480 ; prep, round about, 3874.
Enuyron, adv. round, 4447.
Equipollent (leguipolerd), equiva- lent, to the*same effect, 530.
Erbigage, lodging, tent, 1017. O.Fr. erbegier, Eoq.
Ert, (thou) art, 4256, 5573.
Escarmish V< scarmuce), skirmish, 2210.
Eschange, change, 3727. Ch.
Eschawfe, warm, 969. O.Fr. eschaufer.
Eschew, flee from, avoid, 4074. Ch.
Escried, cried out, 2185. O.Fr. escrier.
Esglise, a church, 2630. O.Fr. esglise.
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
273
Espouse, bride, 931, 954, 1000. Estat, rank, 794, 813; position,
2903; state, condition, 3496.
Ch. Etern, eternal, 6437. Ch. Eneridell, every whit, entirely,
2800, 2920, 4253. Euerydele, entirely, 423. A.S.
datl, a part. Euerydell, all over, entirely,
2800, 3755. Exampleir (lexemplaire), a copy,
p. 131, Exemplair, a model, a pattern,
6377. [Lat. exemplar has
both the above meanings.] Exort, exhortation, 3972. Expresse, exactly, 3004.
Eaccion (facon), fashion, make,
3100. Fade, to dispose, arrange, £>.164.
A.S. fadian, to set in order,
dispose. Fader, father, 683, 4642, 5118. Faider, 6274, ) f } Favder, 5258, j ldmer* Faders, father's, 4628. Famylons, hungry, 6258. Lat.
famelicus, O. Fr. familleus. Fantain, fountain, 323,765, 4161. Fantesie, fancy, 358 ; a vain
thing, #.58. Ch. Fantesied, fancied, imagined,
pAo. Fantesy, 3485, ) f r Fantisie, p. 58, ] ^' Fardell {fardel), a bundle, 573.
Ch. Fauchon (faulx, branc), a fal- chion, sword, 3042, 3044,
3051. Lat. /ttfo. Faut, to lack, 2175. Faute, to lack, 797 ; hence
fauteth = lacketh, 6379 ;
fautih, miswritten for fautith,
lack, 1147. Cf. 8p. /altar,
It. faltare.
Fauted, failed, wanted, 4278.
Fauting, lacking, p.b.
Fayn, an error for Sayn, say,
p. 184. Fe ; in the phr. in fe = under
tribute, 2511 ; also in fe =
in fief, in fee, 2630. Moeso-
Goth, fa Hi n. Feblesse, feebleness, 3740. Ch. Feld, a field, 1702, 2216. Ch. Fele, many, 2518, 2683. Mceso-
G. filu. Ch. Fell, "fierce, 1237, 4063, 4760,
5410,5631. A.S. ./'<//. Felonesly, cruelly, evilly, 270,
5785. Felony, perfidy, treason, 2833.
Eoq. Femine, feminine, 3820. Fend, a fiend, 4075, 4141, 5783.
Ch. Fenestre, 3823, 4932, ] a win- Fenistre, 3863, j dow.
Lat. fenestra. Fentise, cowardice, 4214. Feresly, fiercely, 5870. Ferrom, 629, &c. See A-ferrom. Fers, fierce, 4655. Fet (1) fetched, 2782 ; (2) feats,
acts, 6330. Fiffe, five, 5265. Fifte, fifth, 4426. Fill, fell, 3046, 3088, 4286,
5894 ; befel, fell out, 446,
2731. Fille, fell, 5604. Fin, 3645. See Fine (1). Finabilly (findblement), finally,
5385, 6493. Finance (finance), ransom, 1853.
Burguy. Find, in the phr. wel find = to
pay, recompense, 1291. Fine (1), extreme, very, 4175,
6155 ; see Fin in Burguy ; (2)
conclusion, end, 4011. Ch,
13
274
GLOBSAIUAL INDEX.
Flaelles (fleaulx), flails, 2991). Lat. flagellum.
Floure-delise (flews de Hz), fleurs- de-lis, 1006.
Fly, flew, fled away, 4905, 5652.
Foley, foolish, 3546.
Folily, foolishly, 5602. Ch.
Foltish, foolish, 3322, 5559. " Folett, idem quod Folte. Fatuellus." Pr. Parv.
Folyly, foolishly, 3260.
Fonden, found, p. 173.
Fong, received, 2423 ; got, 1265 ; received, took in, 1333.
Fonge, to take, 4828. Ch. AS. fon.
Forcelet, should rather be spelt Forceret, a casket, 1081. " Forceret, petil coffre, cas- sette." Roq. See note to " Foorcere " in Pr. Parv.
Forigers, foragers, 1815.
Formelet, should rather he spelt Fermelet, a brooch, a jewelled fastening, 1082. " Fermal, fermail, ferme'dlct, Agrafe, boucle, chaine, crochet, car- can." Roq.
Forshend, utterly destroyed, 3306. A.S. for and scendan.
Forsmete (dctrenche), smote down, 2104.
Fortake, kept prisoner, 5386.
For-takyng (pourprins), 5591. The Eng. word means a tak- ing of prisoners, cf. Fort alee ; but the true meaning of pour- prins is an enclosure, a domain. See Bur. and Roq.
Forth-progresse, journey, 3199, 5029.
For- why, wherefore, why, 3117.
Forwoxen, overgrown, huge, 2990. A.S. forweaxan.
Fouchesafe, vouchsafe, 2039.
Fouled (afola), killed, 4278. " Afoler, maltraiter, blesser,
meurtrier, tuer." Bur.
Founte, 2650. The words " Ray- mounde" and "stounde" show that the word should be " founde." It should also prob. be joined to in preced- ing it ; and we get in-founde = enter (sc. heaven), go in, go up, ascend. It is thus a compound of the O.E. founde, to go (Morte Arthure, 1228 ; Lancelot, 2612) AS. fundian. Cf. A.S. in-gan, to enter.
Fourge, to make, perform, pA, i>.25,^.133.
Fourged, made, constructed, p. 162, 257,579; built, pAoi, 1682, 3853. O.Fr. forgier. Bur.
Fourging, construction, 1002.
Foyson (foison), plenty, 32. See Fuson, Fusion.
Franchise, freedom, 3745 ; ter- ritory (see Pr. Parv.), 4961 ; hertes franchise = to heart's content, 5472.
Franchised, free, noble, lit. ren- dered a free man, 1487.
Franke, free, 1506.
Fransh, French, ^9. 198.
Fray, terror, 4901.
Frendlyhed, friendliness, 1403, 6448 ; of frendlyhede, for friendship's sake, 3022.
Frenshest, mostFrenchlike,^.l 75.
Frike (frigue), fresh, delicate, 2803. "Fryke, or craske, or yn grete helthe. Crassus." Pr. Parv. Seefriquc, Roq.
Fro-thens, thence, 3294, 3326, 3449, &c.
Fro-whens, whence, 3762, 5830.
Full, in an evil hour, lit. foully, 3263 ; that fidl hym come = that he had come to him in an evil hour, 2992 ; Fr. text, que vial u vint.
GLOSSAHIAL INDEX.
275
Fume, smoke, 3957.
Fumy, smoky, 3954.
Fumie, find, 4G76.
Fundementes, foundations, 1121.
Fusion (foisori), plenty, 128, 4362, 5466; a number, multi- tude, 2283, 2743. Lat. fusio.
Fuson, plenty, 985, 5287 ; num- ber, 1113, 1721.
Fuste (jpoing), fist, 4301.
Fyn, faithful, sincere, 3831. " Fine, vraie, sincere, fidele." Roq.
Garison, liealing ; take hym in garison = undertake to heal him, 1335. O.Fr. garison, from vb. garir = Mceso-G. war jan.
Gain, against, 2827, 3749, 3793.
Gane, did {aux. vb.), 5402.
Garnyson, stronghold, castle, 5467. See Garsone in Pr. Parv. [The Fr. text has en garnison = by way of pro- visions, but the translator has not so taken it.]
Gayn, towards, 345, 564; against, 2791, 5863.
Geant, giant, 4676, 4687, &c.
Geaunt, 3233, ) • ,
Giaunt, 3197, j giant"
Gent, fair, pretty, 2441, 3490, 3590.
Gentile (gente), gentle, noble, 308 ; noble person, 643 ; pretty, 1611. The comp. is Gentelere, prettier, 1612; the sup. is Gentillest, prettiest, 342.
Gentilesse, graciousness, noble- ness, 3175. Roq.
Gere, contrivance, plan; lit. gear, 276.
Gesian (gesine), child-bed, 4391, 4397, 4529, 5581. From O.Fr. gesir, Lat. jacere.
Gete, procure ; gete do hym for to dy = procure his death, 3655 ; see Gett.
Gett, 3942, ) gotten, obtained.
Gette, 4319, j In 1. 5932 the sense is, whether (the stroke) was gotten with the back or the sword-edge.
Gidour, guide, 4105, 5833.
Gif, given, 5798.
Gisarmes (2)1.), a weapon of which the shape is disputed, perhaps a battle-axe with a spike at the back ; see Bur., Roq., and Way's note to Gyserne in Pr. Parv. 1722. Used by Ch.
Gise, guise, manner, way, 5866. Ch.
Glente (glissa), glanced aside, 253. Ch. O.Fr. glinser, Roq.
Glinte (clissa), slipped, 4934.
Glode, glided, 726.
Goldish, golden, 1348.
Goddoughter, 3722.
Godmodere, godmother, 274.
Goodlokest, goodliest, fairest, 343. [In the Piers PL MSS. are many such forms, as, Lightloker, Mystiloker, Sad- loker, Shlokest, Wikkedlokest, Wisloker.]
Goste, spirit, 3213, 4927 ; creature, being, 4809, just as A.S. goest = a guest, a man, a human being.
Gostes, spirits, ^;.46.
Gouernail, behaviour, 844 ; ar- rangement, management, con- trivance, 861, 5561, 5774.
Gouernall, control, might, 6070.
Gouerneth hir, comports herself, 2765.
Grad, shouted, 2253. A.S. grazdan.
Grame, grief, 2663, 3310, 4469, 4940. A.S. grama. Ch.
Gre, agreement, accord, 3951. Fr. gre.
18 *
276
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Greabill, suitable to the occasion, devout, 5176.
Greabilly, satisfactorily, pleasant- ly, 1543.
Greable, agreeable to, 6580.
Gree ; see En-gree, 3819.
Gree, I agree, 5019.
Grees (degres), steps, 4917, 4908, 5434. Cf. grissens in Forby.
Greitbed tbam, got themselves ready, arrayed themselves, 1411. Sc. graith, O.K greitha.
Greithed, made ready, 4168.
Gret, greeted, 5524.
Gretth, an error, either for Greeth = agreeth, suiteth ; or else for Goeth, 6561.
Grice, steps, 1427. See Grees.
Grint, ground, 3267. Ch.
Grinting, grinding, 2141. Ch.
Grohund (liurier), a greyhound, 1389.
Grome, man, being, 2990. Cf. Gawayn, 1006.
Gud, good, 4952.
Gudfader, godfather, 274.
Guerdon, sb. a reAvard, 551 ; vh. to reward, 1876. O.H.G. widerlon, changed in Low Lat. into widerdonum, whence It. guiderdone, O.Fr. guerdon.
Gyed, ruled ; lit. guided ; 2487.
Gynnyng, a beginning, 789, 3977.
Habilite Qiabillete), ability, dex- terity, 2341, 3021, 6139.
Habill (hab-Ule), able, dexterous, mighty, 2355.
liable, active, 4536, 4639, 4876.
Habound, abound, 4429.
Had, was, 5065, 5326 ; was had = was, 5770, 5993; placed, set, 5492. Cf. Fr. y avoir.
Tlaniwanle, homeward, 3450.
Han = hath, 2699. [Prob. an
error due to the pi. saves pre- ceding. Fr. text, a mi$.~\
Hanclie (hance), haunch, thigh, 3054, 4333 ; hanches = thighs, 5643.
Hansell, an earnest, a gift (ironical), 4885. O.IST. and Dan. handsel.
Hapne, to happen to do, to succeed in doing a thing, 5884 ; hapned, happened on, lighted on, 5871. [Wrongly translated ; the Fr. has hopper = clutcb, seize.]
Hardesse (hardiesse), hardihood, 5948.
Hattyd of, hated by, 5091.
Haunt, to use, ^-167 ; to ex- ercise, prove, 2524 ; go, ap- proach (Fr. text, yroit), 4396. O.Fr. harder, Bur.
Hauour, possessions, riches, wealth, 3191, 3323, 4769, 5685. Fr. avoir.
Haused, raised, lifted up, 3083, 4265, 5883.
Hautain, loud, 2829, 3403, 3547, 4192, &c. Ch.
Hautanly, loudly, 2185.
Hautaynly (haidtement), loudly, 1906, 1977, 3317.
Hautyng, loud, 236. See Hautain.
Hawse, exaltation, 498. O. Fr. halt, Lat. alius, high.
He, high, 132, 4631, 6395.
Hed, heat, 3557. [Prob. an error for het or hete, as in 1. 2935.] Fr. text, chault.
Heder, hither, 152, 2843. A.S.
hider. Heder-to, hitherto, to this time,
4412. Hend, gracious, courteous, 6144.
See All Poems. Hent, to take in hand, undertake, 598 ; took, 129, 3909 ; hent
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
277
and went = took and went, 810; to have, 1837; receive, take, p.157, 683, 2411,5241; to procure, 5740; to hent = for one to take, 5808 ; hys sight hent = catch with his sight, perceive (Fr. text, per- ceuoir), 5493 ; arrived at, got to, 5272 ; received, had, 5009. A.S. hentan, to hunt for, catch. Ch.
Herher, arbour, G024. Ch.
Herbigage, lodging, 1790.
Herbiging, taking up their quarters, 1313.
Herbourgh, to harbour, shelter, 6523. A.S. herebergan.
Herd, hard, 2586, 4482; herd fast, 5645, where Fr. text has durefeste — hard feast, said ironically.
Herdly, tending a herd, shepherd- like, 5117. [An ill-coined word.]
Herite, heritage, acquisition ; non herite = there is no acquiring anything, p. 203 ; inheritance, possession, 38. O.Fr. herite, contr. from Lat. hereditas. Bur.
Hert, heart, 3206.
Hertly, heartily, /».73.
Hest, behest, command, 90, 907, 5313. Ch.
Hiduous, hideous, 5136.
Hiduou[s]nesse, horror, 3494.
Hiest, highest, 4925.
Hild, held, 4994.
Hire, to hear, 3.877, 4763, 5055, 5529.
Hiring, hearing, 4202.
His, sign of gen. case, 4874.
Hit, it, 3109.
Hithe, height, 5045. Cf. Heythe in Pr. Parv.
Ho, who, p.Ui, i>.136, 23G8; which (of two), 4122, 4131 ;
whoso, 5377.
Ho many, how many, 4042. [If so, ho should be hou, as else- where ; but probably many is an error for may, as atl. 6572, and we should read " ho may " = who-ever may.]
Hodelnesse, secrecy, 2080 ; ob- livion, 5961. Hidellike = secretly, occurs in Gen. & Ex. 1. 2882. Cf. Sc. hode, to hide ; Jam.
Hoder, whither, 2764.
Hoir (hair), an heir, 1973.
Hoires, heirs, 508, 5323, 5554, 5684.
Hold, held as, considered as, 5204, 5338.
Hold, faithful, friendly, 2146. A.S. hold.
Holde, holding, possession, p. 3 4. Or else, in holde may mean very faithful. See In.
Hole, holy, 4963.
Honorous, 3251, ) , ,,
tt „„,,, honourable.
Honourous, 3236, j
Hostage, temporary abode, 2475. See hoste in Bur.
Houith, behoveth, 3657.
Houred, lit. divided in hours, hence set, appointed ; always in phr. homed braid, houred tyde (or the like), = set time, particular moment, 528, 2695.
Hout, out, 5652.
How-were-it, howbeit, 3207.
Hug, huge, 4940, 5959.
Hume, damp, wet, 2882. Contr. from humid, of which the Prov. forms are humid, humit, and humens. Raynouard. [The Fr.texthas merely,'/* vngpuis.]
Hurd, 3564,3765/) ,,
Hurde, 4783, 5258, j ncaiu'
Hurteling, knocking together, pushing, tussling, 4328, 1330. Fr. heurter.
27J
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Hy. See An-hy. Hy, hasten, 2950. Ch. Hyduous, hideous, terrible, 5770. Hyer, in phr. more hyer =
higher, 5435. Hyre, hear, 3388, 4405. Hys, sign of gen. case, 6007.
Iape, a jest, 2636, 5695. Ch. Iawne (Iansne), yellow, 971. Iesseron, coat of small mail,
4335. O.Fr. jazeran, Bur.
Roq. I-horsed, mounted on horseback,
provided with horses, 886.
He, 1570, 3040, ) . , .,nA
Tii k-q > isle, island.
Hie, 15(8, j
Image, creature, 1508.
In, a shortened form of Inly,
very, exceedingly, 5077, 5899,
6023. IncongreAv, unfitly, wrongly,
4389. Iniquite, misery, misfortune,
4156. Inly (lit. inwardly), very, ex- tremely 27, 168, 3950, 4656,
5072, 5869. Ch. Innepee, suddenly, on a sudden
(?), 3823. Apparently confer.
from Fr. inopine. I-now, enough, 165, 457, 781,
804, Ac. Instaunce, time, 1064, 2932,
3106. Into (en), in, 875. Ioint, an arrangement, lit. a
juncture or joining together,
5019. Iolyest, prettiest, 343. Ionglyng, jangling, i.e. garrul-
ousness, 3751. " Iangelynge,
Garrirfucio." Pr. Parv. Iornay, lit. a day's work ; hence
trouble, labour, p. 141. Iournay, a day, 1851, 4068; a set
day, 58 ; hence a day's conflict,
a fighting-bout, combat, 4123. Cf. the expression, " to gain the day."
Ioustes, joustings, 988, 989. Ch.
Ioynant, adjoining, 4513.
Ioyned, enjoined, 5146.
Is, used as gen. case-ending, 28, 5750.
Itunelles (iumelles), strengthened with cross-pieces, made doubly strong, 1182. Fr. jumeler, der. from Lat. gemellus.
Iuparde, a doubtful residt, pos- sible danger, 5458. Fr. jeu parti.
Iustice, vb. to rule, govern, 3807.
Iusticere, a dispenser of justice, 5308.
I-wisse, certainly, 4847. A.S. gewis. Ger. gewiss.
Kechins, kitchens, 881.
Kennyng, the extreme distance at sea to which the sight can reach, 3365. [This distance has been much over-rated, as thus — " Scylley is a kennyng, that is to say, about xx. miles from the very Westeste point of Cornewaulle ; " Leland, Itin. iii. f. 6. — " thre Jcen- nynges ferre on the see, that is, one and twenty leghes ferre ; " Prose Romance of Melusine, fol. 61.]
Kepe, kept, 2931.
Kernyng, cutting, 5889.
Knakked, liurried(?), 2784. [The Fr. text has Se Rapa = he hastened. "Knock, to move briskly about;" Wright. But see the note.]
Knakking, knocking, 1733.
Knewlich, 844, ) ■, , , Jr t i ^ i o i } knowledge. Knowhch, 4121, ) °
Knowlecliing, knowledge, 2773.
Kynred, kindred, 213.
GLOSSATUAL INDEX.
27!)
Labbyng, blabbing, 3751. Du. labben. Ch.
Lachesse, negligence, p. 1 1 , 6574.
O.Fr. lachesse. Ch. Lad, led, 1251, 2754, 5800 ; led
over, changed, 2938 ; con- ducted, governed, 5322. Lade, passed through, endured,
suffered, 3785 ; much as in the
phr. to lead a life. Lateis, lattice, grating, cage,
4747. Latise, (traille), the same as
Lateis, 4666. Launcegay, a javelin, dart, 2108.
Compounded of Fr. lance, and
zagaye, a Moorish pike, Sp.
azagaya. Ch. Leche, a physician, 5143. Ch. Led, laid down, 2889. Lemys, limbs, 4237. A.S. Urn. Lenght, length, 5859. Lepete, leapt, 3046. [An error
for lepte ; see 1. 3070.] Lere, to teach, /;.77. A.S. Iceran.
Ch. Lese, to lose, 506, 1454, 2892,
3642, &c. Ch. Lesing, a lie, 6293. A.S. lea- sung. Ch. Lesing, losing, 5548. Lesingmonger, a liar, 3604. Lesingour, a liar, 5753. Lesse, lose, 3542, 3752. Lest, least, 69, 87. Lete doo make, caused to he
made, 5167 ; lete make, cause
to he made, 691. Lette, a hindrance, 5903. Ch. Lette, prevented, hindered, 3047.
A.S. labtan. Leue, in the phr. parting leue =
leave taking, 5060. Leuer, liefer, 3205. Ch. Leuer, (leuier), a lever, a huge
mace, 4177, 4265. Leuerey, delivery, 560.
Leuyng, hys = during his life,
:>:;2U ; leuing, life, 488, Lifte, left (hand), 4496. Ligging, lying, 4511, 4785. A.S.
liggan. Ch. Light, lieth, 453, 1023, 4523,
6105. Linage, lineage, 1036, 4630,
4926, 5033. Loge, tent, 985. Logge, lodging, abode, 5168. Logges (logies), tents, 2220. Loke (enserray, serve), locked
up, constrained, bound up,
1533 ; was locked, was bound
up, 3774. Ch. Lome, frequently, 119.
" The Lion lete cri, as hit was do, For he hird lome to tell." Pol. Songs : ed. Wright, p. 197. A.S. ge-lume. Longing, belonging, 1939, 2671. Longith hir, which belongs to
her, 2415. Loos (los), praise, p>.§(j, 1225,
4215,5387. Ch. "Loos, or
fame." Pr. Parv. Loote, lot, 3184. Lored, taught, 3962. See Lere. Lorn out fro wit, deprived of
wit, 3885. Losce (perte), loss, 3434, 3608. Lose (loz), praise, p.157. See
Loos. Louers, louvres (see note), 1175.
" That no light leopen yn at
lover nc at loupe." Piers PI.
ed. Whit. p. 354. Lowpes, loop-holes, 1175. Lust, listeth, wishes, desires, p.
31, 2994; pleases, vouche-
safes, 286 ; please, 367, 689,
760; hym Luste =* it please
him, 5379. Lust, sb. will, pleasure, 328.
A.S. lust. Ch.
280
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Lyn, linen ; or rather perhaps,
flax. A.S. lin, flax. Lynde, lime-trees ; wodes lynde
= lime-trees of the wood ; 159.
A.S. lind, pi. Uncle, (Coedm. p.
197, 1. 4). Lyuerey, delivery, 560.
Made, mad, 3559.
Mahyme (mehengnie), disgrace,
blemish, 6356. See mahain
in Bur. and Eoq. Cf. It.
magagna. [Mahyne would
perhaps he a better spelling.] Maillet, mallet, 4698, 4716.
" Malyet, hetyl." Pr. Parv. Maine, a suite, 1087, 1305. Maistry, in the phr. to gret
maistry = with great art ; Pr.
text, par grant maistris, 4503;
maistrie, art, skill, 188. Maker, poet, author, 6106. Malerous, evil-disposed, 6473. Malice, adj. (yrez), angry, irate,
2780, 3039, 3446, 3537, &c. Manhede, manhood, jj.92. Manion, many a one, £>.170. Manlyhed, manliness, 4352. Manoir, mansion, 619. Manson, abode, 5169. Many on, many a one, 634. Marbre, marble, 4101. Marches (marches), frontiers,
and hence, lands, territory,
5085 ; frontier-lands, 5314. Maree, marsh-land, land by the
sea (?), 1586. The Fr. text
has merely, de la contre. O.Fr.
mare, a marsh. Bur. " Mares,
Maret, lieu aquatique, terrein
marecageux." Eoq. Maried, vexed, 4549. [An error
for Marred, q. v.] Markois, a marquis, p. 115, 850;
marquises, 6342. Marred (marriz), vexed, afflicted,
2140, 3509, 3516. Eoq.
Matrimonial, sb. a wedding, 952. Mayne, or May nee, a suite, a
company of followers, house- hold, 826, 2456, 4914, 5199.
O.Fr. maisnee. Bur. Me, men, people, used like the
Fr. on, 6562 ; K. Horn, 366. Meddes, the midst, 2531. Meene, middling, 4061. Meene, 4613, ) Mene,4983, } mean' Wa^ Melled (riieslerent), lit. meddled
with ; hence, had to do with,
were busy about, 1545; (mesle),
lit. mixed ; hence, smeared,
2819. Melling, an encounter, 1326. Memoir, memorial, jj. 151. Menal, menial, 900. Menusing, diminution, 6570.
Cf. O.Fr. menu, minute. Mercy, in phr. graunt mercy =
many thanks, 5533. Messe (messe), mass, 943, 953,
6095. Ch. Methephisike, £>.80. Metrely, metrically, 6566. Meue, move, 6557. Meued, moved, 3275. Meueth, moveth, 5564. Middes, amidst, 5779. Ministre (inonstier), minster,
2596, 2621, 3693. Minstre, minster, 3319, 4856. Mis-caimce, mischance, harm,
5642. Miscreantes, misbelievers, pagans,
p.52. Misded, misdeed, sin; hence,
untruth, 5662. Misdede, misdid, sinned, 4646. Misfall, to have misfortune, be
unlucky, 3614. Mister, need, 5213, 5874, 6253.
O.Fr. and Prov. mester. Eoq. Mistriste, mistrust, 4108. Ch. Mo,more, 964, 3696. A.S.wa. Ch.
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
281
Moder, mother, 4850, Ch ; adj. mother, native, 6573.
Moisted, moistened, 3574.
Moisty, moist, 3953.
Moitees, halves, 5936.
Moitie {mottle), half, 734.
Mondiall (mondain), worldly, of this world, 18 ; earthly, human, 3915. Prov. mondial.
Montance, amount, quantity, number, 5229. Eoq.
Morteis, to grant in mortmain, 6083. See Amortir, Cotg.
Mortesing, granting in mort- main, 5287.
Most, 4987, ) , n,
Moste, 5291, j must- CK
Mouth, to speak, utter, 2852.
Mow, may, are able, 5446. Ch.
Muable, changeable, 814. Fr. muable.
Munnurhed, murmuring, com- plaint, 3603.
Musarde (musart), one who is bemused, a fool, 5537. Bur.
Muserde, as Musarde, 5559.
Muses, thoughts, musings, 3431, 6513.
Mustred, fully exhibited, shown, 3003. O.Fr. mostrer. Sp. and Port, mostrar.
Mynstracy, minstrelsy, 944 ; Lancelot, 2762.
Myustre, a minster, 4987, 5247.
Natheles, nevertheless, ^.6, 5882. Nauee, ship, 5673. See Nave,
Eoq. Nawhere, nowhere, 4388, 4483. Nay ; in the phr. is no nay = it
cannot be denied, 501, 3023,
3665. Ch. Nehed, approached, 3005. A.S.
nehwan, Moeso-G. nehwjan. Neve, never, 5702. Nerre, nearer, 4111, 5826. A.S.
nearra.
Neuer-for-neuer, never at any
time, 4906, 5139. Noblehed, nobleness, 6339. Nobles, renown, 21 ; splendour,
5474. Noblesse, grandeur, splendour,
5438, 5460 ; renown, 2658 ;
see Noblesce, Roq. Nobley, fine apparel, rich cloth- ing, 2656. Noght-for-that (non pourtant),
nevertheless, 2815, 4077,
4222. Noisaunce (enui), vexation, 1865,
1892 ; displeasure, 3538,
5535 j grief, 3373, 3738,
3915, 5641. Nombred, numbered, 3687. Nome, to take, 1403. Moeso-G.
and A.S. nlman. Norish, nurse's, 3806 ; nurse,
3837 ; nurses, 4025. Noriture, nurture, 3837. Not-for-that, notwithstanding,
4703 ; nevertheless, 5883. Nouell, novel, new, 5194, 5397 ;
news, 2717, &c. Nouels (nouuelles), news, 45,
4432, 4740. NoueUes, news, 1627, 1949,
2125, 2206, &c. Noyed (ennoyee), vexed, annoyed,
242, 1866 ; was vexed,
grieved, 623. Noyng, sorrow, grief, 2126. Noyours (nuysans), annoyers,
foes, 1663. Noysance (ennui/), discomfort,
trouble, grief, 383, 401 ; an- noyance, offence, 2512.
O, one, a, 3770, 3773. Ch. Obliuy, 3798, 5416, j Oblyuy, 5137, 5141,) ODimon- Occision, slaughter, 5320, 5908. Oder, other, 5108. Of, off, 5825, 5889, &c.
282
GLOSS.VRIAL INDEX.
Offeryng, dealing a blow, 3090. Of-fors, perforce, 5487, 5804,
6405. Of-new, newly, lately, 3082 ;
anew, again, 3511, 6101. On-lif, alive, 4204. Gen. & Ex.,
2417. Ooste, host, 1313. Ope, open, 4907. Or, ere, 4084. Ordained (fait ordonner), made
provision for, 2428. Ordaynyng, set in order, draw
up, 2222. Ordinat, regular, £>.188. Lat.
ordinatus. Ch. Ordinaunce, appointment, due
order, 63, 699. Orgulous (orguielleux), proud,
2955, 4067 ; surly, furious,
5771. Orgulously, proudly, 3543. Orison, prayer, 4969, 5171,
6425. Orpheline, an orphan, 1708. Fr.
orphelin, fern, orpheline. Os, as, 554, 2076, 3372, 6424.
[In the first three passages it
has been wrongly altered to
as ; it occurs in some of the
Piers Plowman MSS.] Osey, the name of a wine, 982. Other (on), or, p. 198. Ouermette, excessive, immense,
3101. A.S. ofer-moite, immen-
sus. Greiu. Ouerthwart, perversely, hence
excessively, 3171. Cf. Du.
overdwars, athwart. Ouise (toit), eaves, upper edge of
the wall, 5504. A.S. efese, a
margin, eaves. " Ovis, eaves."
Barnes. Gloss, of Dorset Dia- lect. Ourtomed, was overturned, 4713. Outerly, utterly, 3683, 4050,
4291, 5203.
Outre, utter, speak, 1233, 1563,
2816, 3156, &c. Outred, uttered, spoke, 1024,
1437. Outring, uttering, saying, 2647,
3570. Owe, to possess, own, have with
one, 75 ; fiftene yeres gan
owe = was fifteen years old,
4546. A.S. drjan. Owyd (auoit), he had, possessed,
held, 1298.
Paceyfed ; see Pateyfed.
Pagent, page, p. 7 9.
Pain, 721 ; see Pane.
Panche, paunch, 5773.
Pane, a stake, 724, the same as Pain in 721. See Pane in Pr. Parv. ; " Panne de bois is par- ticularly the piece of timber that sustains a gutter between the roofs of two fronts, or houses." Cotg. [In both places, pale would have been a better word, as the Pr. text has pel.]
Pane, lappet, flap, 5654. " Pan, the skirt of a gown, the pane of a hose, of a cloke." Cotg.
Pannes, pains, 1045. Lancelot, 1273.
Parage (paraige), parentage, birth, 475, 6007. Eoq.
Parcas, perchance, 3690. See Percas.
Parcelly, partially, 4015.
Parde, par Dieu, 155, 3993.
Parfight, perfect, 3994.
Parfightnesse, perfection, p.9.
Parlement, a parliament, 2363 ; talk, discourse, 2653.
Part here (partis dyey), depart hence, 2839 ; part to you here (part toy dicy), depart thou hence, 5636.
Parted, departed, 2972, 5157.
GLOSSAttlAL IXDEX.
283
Party, side, 228.
Passe, pace, G068.
Passed, departed this life, de- ceased, 6182.
Passingly, surpassingly, very richly, 5299.
Pastay, a pasty, 5945. " Pasty, or pye." Pr. Parv.
Pastour (pastour), a shepherd, 5117.
Pateyfed (prenoit a pastil), laid under tribute, 2530. "Fastis, contribution dont on est con- venu, accord, convention ; pactio." Eoq. [The word in the MS. is rather "pateyfed" than " paceyfed."]
Pauilon, tent, pavilion, 911, 1001, 2010, 5416.
Pauilons, tents, 869, 876.
Paupires (papier), papers, 4735.
Pawme, palm of the hand, 4306.
Pay, pleasure, 824, 1034, 5542. Lat. pacare.
Payny (payennie), heathendom, Pagan lands, 1564.
Peled (pilliez), pillaged, 2169.
Peusell, pennon, streamer, 1720. O.Fr. pennoncel.
Pensifnesse, sorrow, 4982.
Penticost, 6182.
Percas, perhaps, 3521, 5637.
Perde, par Dieu, 735.
Perdurable, everlasting, 6489.
Perdurabelly, 283, ) everlast-
Perdurabilly, 6496, ) ingly.
Perdurabilite, 3595,
Perdurabilnesse, 6537, lastingness.
Pere, peer, equal, 3472. Ch.
Perhxst, fixed, 700.
Pering, appearing, 5944. Ch.
Perish, to cause to perish, im- poverish, destroy, 3933.
Permanable, permanent, 6437.
Perrey (pierrie), jewelry, 4503. Ch.
r.)
ever-
Perron, a stone placed to help
horsemen in mounting or dis- mounting, 4974. Gk. petra.
Cf. It. pietrone. Bur. Pertly, openly, straightway, 5474.
Cf. Apertly. Pesible, soft, gentle ; in wise
pesible = in an undertone,
3653. Pesibilly, peacefully, 2427, 5198. Petyvins, men of Poitou, 1362. Pight (tendus), pitched, 869, 918,
6417; set, placed, 5034. Pilour, pillar, 5035. Pine, pain, sorrow, torment, grief,
2899, 3634, 3668; trouble,
6515. A.S. pin. Pipe (tonneau), a large barrel,
properlya half-tun, 5773,5926.
" Pype, vessel, or halfe-tunne."
Pr. Parv. Pitty (puis), pit, 2882. [Cf.
Moisty for Moist, Bryghty for
Bryght.] Plain, openly, 2994 ; at once,
2557. " Plain, clairement."
Poq. " De plain, out of hand."
Cotg. Playnly (a plain), openly, 1567. Plener, full, plentiful, 2751. Plenerly, fully, 1931 ; plainly
(Fr. plaines pour voir), 2047. Plesaunce, pleasure, jo.3, ^.65,
^.166,^.208, &c. Ch. Plieth, bendeth, tendeth, p.81. Plite, condition, 2721, 2803 ;
ending plite = final state,
death, 5681. Ply, to bend, 4188. Porete, poverty, 3666. Port, 1350, i , „ ,
Porte, 2680, 5420, j door' Sate- Port, Porte, burden, distress, 3819, 3925, 3987. Fr. porter. Portraed, pourtrayed, 5478. Poscede, possess, 2629. Postell, apostle, 4963.
284
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Postelles, apostles, 6477. Poyntement (ce point), point
agreed on, agreement, 505. Predestinat, predestined, 4379. Preise (preisse), prize, value,
1518. O.Fr.preiser. Bur. Prented, imprinted, 3859. Present, at this present, 2865. Presentens, present time, 1439.
O.Fr. tens, time. Presently, now, 2370, 2841 ;
immediately, 4748.v President, precedent, original, p.
16. Prest, Preste, quickly, readily,
1697,2542,2739, 4486,5023,
5403. Fr. pret, O.Fr. prest. Preue, privy, secret, 3462. Preue, prove, ^.92. Preuyd, proved, £>. 170; approved,
p. 174. Preuyngly, with good proof,
2524. Preynted, imprinted, impressed,
382. "Preentyn, Inprimo."
Pr. Parv. Preysingly, laudably, p. 96. Prise (pris), high estimation,
fame, js.99 ; prize, 3895. Procincte (lencliainte), neighbour- hood, precincts, 737.
Proheim, w.29, )
ti i na \ proem.
Prohemy, p. ( b, j x
Prologe, prologue, p. 7 6, p. 2 1 0.
Promission; in phr. land of pro- mission = land of promise, Palestine, 4634, 5713, 5759, 6063.
Promittyng, promising, 5128.
Prossesse ; in phr. within pros- sesse = in process of time, 5288.
Prys (pris), honour, fame, 5387.
Psabulmes, psalms, 1670.
Pulcrious, fair, 1263. Lat. pulcher.
Punicion, punishment, 3671.
Purchas, to get, acquire, 1300 ; attain, reach, 546 ; attain to, have, 733, 1347, 1447, 2939; that it may purchace = that I may translate it, ^9.70 ; to purchas = to be got, to be had, 266 ; purchas syghes, heave sighs, 194; made purchas = acquired, 2497 ; riuage gan purchas = arrived, 2734.
Purchassyng, means of recovery (for him), 1375; Fr. Text, Oneques homme ne le pouoit guerir.
Purer, poorer, 2872.
Purueance, provision, 2376.
Purueyd, provided, 2378.
Pusance, power, skill, j?. 187.
Pusant, 4438, ) . , ,
Pusaunt, 212, j miSM^
Pusantly, mightily, 2466.
Quarell (querelle), suit, claim,
demand, 5560. " Querelle, A
sute, action, or process against,"
&c. Cotg. Quented (acointe), acquainted,
2636. Quicke, alive, 384 ; quicke roche,
live rock, 1125, 4352. Quite-clayme, a quit-claim, free
and full pardon, 1885. Fr.
text, II est de nous quicte
clamez.
Rabbishly, hastily, speedily, 4690. " Rapyfi or hastyil. Festino." Pr. Parv. [Ravish- ing = rapid ; Ch. Shak.]
Radde, read, 3203, 4651.
Raid, arrayed, drest, 1992, 4023. " Rayd, omatus." Pr. Parv.
Raid, in the phr. ill raid (tres mal atourne), = in an evil plight ; lit. ill dressed, but Raymond was undressed al- ready, 2915.
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
285
Raide, in the plir. foule raide =
put into an evil plight, 3090.
O.Fr. arroi&r. Ramage (Ramaige), wild, uncul- tivated, 527. ' Ch. Randon, impetuosity, 1727.
O.Fr. randon. Ease, to tear, rend, 5884, 5938.
Fr. raser. Rather, sooner, 4011. Raundon, as Randon, 3048,
5866 ; haste, 707. Ray, array, apparel, 846, 2429. Eayd (1), dressed, 2608; (2)
read, 3186. Raynes, the reins, 4325. Rehaude (Hbaude), a ribald fel- ! low, a wretch, 2839, 4197; Receit, retreat, place of shelter,
159. O.Fr. recet, Eur. Rechaufed, warmed again, 4024. Recluse, become a recluse, 4966. Recomfort (reconfort), comfort,
consolation, 412. Recommend, entrust, 5208. Recreant (recreans), defeated,
utterly worsted, 4781, 5325. Recreantlv, disgracefully, 4436. Redoubted, feared, 6168. Redoute, vb. to fear, 2528. Ch. Redrese, to set upright again,
raise up, 3571. Redyfy, rebuild, 3700. Refection, repast, 5468. Refershing (se Reffrechy), re- freshing, recruiting, 1305. Regiat way, royal way, king's
highway, principal road, 5255.
[Fr. text, le grant che?nw.~\ Regned, reigned, 5314, 5321. Reioy, rejoice, 755, 2719. Reioyed, rejoiced, 2928, 5042. Reioyng, rejoicing, 425. Rekke (rasceillier), a rack (for
horses), 913. Releued, lifted herself up again,
3789 ; releued hym, lifted
himself up again, 4226.
Releuing, lifted himself up again, 4704.
Remayn, in the phr. do it to re- may n = cause it to be carried or conducted, 584. [Fr. text, le ramenez ; and the Eng. word is an awkward copy of it.]
Remeue, remove, move away, 3191.
Remew, remove, move away, 3069, 3943.
Remitte, restore, 5242.
Renay, deny, 2173, 4310. Fr. renier.
Eengecl, drew up in ranks, set in array, 2224.
Eengid, as Renged, 1315.
Eentid (renta), endowed with rents, 5300.
Repair (repaire), fort, fastness, 1133; abode, 5168; to your repair you take = betake yourself to your usual abode, i. e. to Eoitiers, 574.
Repref, reproof, dishonour, 371, 1255, 1258, 2322.
Repreued, reproved, 237.
Requeryng, praying, beseeching, 3174.
Require (requiers), pray, p. 204; beseech, entreat, 2579,5612; ask for, 5383.
Requiring, praying, beseeching, 2)M, 1616, 3352.
Resoned, talked to, 791.
Resplendising, shining brightly, 1196, 4512.
Rethoriously, rhetorically, with flourishes, 6611.
Retrair, retreat, 1001, 4707 ; re- turn, 2824 ; withdrawal of a thing given, 5597 ; without retrair = without fail, 1622, 5149. "San* retraire signiiie sans appel, sans y manquer." Eur. vol. 2. p. 230.
286
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Eeuel, pleasantry, jesting, sport,
5193. " Revel, . . . badinage,
plaisanterie." Bur. Ch. Eew ; in phr. by rew = in
order (lit. by row), 5211,
6500, 6554. Ch. Eewarde, look about, consider,
1190, 2367, 5528. O.Fr.
rewaurder. Boq. Rewarded, regarded, beheld, 291. Bewme (royaulme), 1467, 1505,
2412, 5552, &c. Eewmes, kingdoms, 1647, 1662,
1669. Eichesse, riches, 5437. Ch. Eight (droit), law, 8. Eiuage, arrival ; riuage gan pur-
clias = arrived, 2734 ; Fr.
text, arriva. Eiue, open in one's dealings,
public, openly manifest, 3461.
" Eyyf, or opynly knowe.
Manifestus, publicatus." Pr.
Parv. Eiued, arrived, 1350, 6408. Eoche, rock, 4270, 4935, 5031. Eomans, romance, 6415, 6417,
6418, 6420. Eon, run ; ron in age = advanced
in years, 5425. Eought, recked, 5106. Eoute, company, 3787. Ch. Eouthe, ruth, pity, 3684. Ch. Eow, rough, 1266. A.S. reoh.
Ger. roh. Ch. Eowted, snored, 5784. Ch. Eudesse, violence, force, 4272.
Fr. rudesse. Eychesse, riches, 5283. Eyn, run, 3252. Eyn (rain), border, edge, rim,
879. Ger. rain. O.Fr. rain. Eyued, arrived, 3248. See Eiued.
Saad, said, 647.
Sad, adj. Arise, mature, discreet, 1088, 4876 ; set, determined,
2079. W. sad, firm, discreet. Cf. Dan. sat, O.N. settr.
Sad, adj. (= shad), separated, marked out, 576 ; separate, 2272. Moeso-G. skdidan, A.S. scddan.
Sad, adv. firmly, certainly, 874, 3274 ; determinedly, 2208 ; discreetly, quietly, 4104 ; firm- ly, fixedly, 3859 ; full sad = very certainly, 4459. [The word is often a mere exple- tive.]
Sagesse, wisdom, 6224.
Sagdly, sagely, 5315.
Said, an error for sad = discreet, 5788.
Sain, say, 1183, 2760, 2767, 2771, 5193. Ch.
Sain, seen, 729, 752, 2991, 3099.
Saluz, salutation, 347, 896, 901. O.Fr. Saluz. Bur.
Samfayl, without fail, 2351. [Rather read sanfail ; see San- faill.]
Sampler, p. 7 7, \ original. Lat.
Samplere, 2947, J exemplar.
Sampnolence, somnolency, slum- ber, 4616.
Sanfaill, without fail, 1590.
Santred, mused, wondered, 4653. Cf. Eng. saunter.
Satefied, satisfied, i. e. well re- warded, 1917 ; satisfied with presents, 5162.
Sauacion, salvation, 4970, 5155.
Sautes, assaidts, 2145. Ch.
Say, essay, attempt, 354.
Sayand, saying, 206.
Saying-again, gainsaying, 3242.
Sayn, 51, \
Sayne, ^.186, \
Sayn, say, ^.184.
Scaberge, scabbard, 2790, 3047, 3060, 4722.
Scarmish, skirmish, 2079.
seen.
GLOSS AM AL INDEX.
287
Seaturday (sempmedi), Saturda y,
2724 Schapel, chapel, 771. Schureh, church, 3247. Scomfite, to discomfit, 4198. Scomfiture, discomfiture, conflict,
4148. Scripture, writing, record, records,
i?.118, 2076, 2115, 5484, 5494,
&c. Scorched, scorched, 3551. [Spelt
scorched in 1. 3678.] Secundarilie (secondement), a
second time, 512. Set (sept), seven, 4181. Seff, seven, 4182. Seffe, seventh, 1261. Sefth, seventh, 4437!" Seignorie (sei'jnourie), lordship,
dominion, 55, 5197, 5751 ;
rank, high degree, 339. Ch. Seignoried, was lord of, ruled,
5090. Semblable, like, 6488. Ch. Semblahly (samblablememb), simi- larly, in like manner, 5330. Semblabilly, as Semblahly, 1092. Semblance, appearance, 1768. Semblant (samblant), appearance,
1421. Ch. Seinble wyse, like wise, like
manner, 1904. [Cf. lyke-un/se
in 1. 1901.] Send, sent, 5273. Sentence, meaning, sense, 6553,
6568. Ch. Sentement, opinion, p. 125. Sept, seven, 1670. Sepulture, sepulchre, 3627. Ch. Sery, prob. an error for " say," 3556. [If sery exists, it can only mean assert. Cf. Lat. sew, It. asserire.~\ Setterday, Saturday, 5598, 5601. Seueralte, separate portions, 3640. [The text requires some word expressing the exact opposite
of this, viz. integrity.] Sew, to follow, 2002 ; to pursue,
1751. Ch. Sewed, followed, 138, 142, 3980,
4476, &c. Sex, six, 5281. Lat. sex. Shad, shed, 5063. Shal, an error for sinal, small,
1393. Sliameuous, shameful, 3407,
3444, 5135. Share (trenche), shore, cut, 3075. She, it; used of a chamber,
4495, 4502. Fr. la chambre. Shend, despoiled, ruined, 4988.
A.S. scendan. Shereful (chiere), dear, 829. Shete, to shoot, 1176. Shette (chat), shot down, i. e.
feU quickly, 5905. A.S.
sceotan, unless it be imitated
from Fr. chut. Skill, shrill, 1997, 2209, 2976,
3317, 3403. "Schylle, and
sharpe (schille,lowde), Acutus,
sonorus." Pr. Parv. Du. schel. Shiste, 2792. Prob. an error for
shifte = divided the wood,
sliced away at it. " Schyftyii, or
part asundyr ; " " Scbyften, or
partyn, or delyfi." Pr. Parv.
Cf. Du. schiften, Dan. shifte ;
Sw. shifta, to divide; O.N.
shifa, to cleave, split ; Ger.
schiefern, to slice off. The
Eng. skive, a slice, seems to
give the true clue to the word.
The Fr. text has Tant boulta
parcy et, par la, where boulta
= bouta, thrust, smote. Shitte, to enclose, 555 ; shut,
4409, 4412; shut in, 3295,
5791, &c. Sho, she, 836.
Sighty, visible, 1229. Pr. Parv. Simplesse, simpleness, lack of
skill, 6567, 6601, 6608, 6610.
288
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Sin, since, 3731, 4113, 5557.
Sinistra, left, 3049.
Sith, since ; long sith = long
since, 6209 ; euer sith = ever
since, 4414. Sithen, since, 163, 4424 ; after- wards, 3187, 3980. A.S. si%-
%an. Sixte, sixth, 4427. Slay (occist), slew, 1251. Sle, to slay, 210, 1367, 3017. Slegges (marteaulx), sledge-ham- mers, 3000, 3065. A.S.
slccfje. Sly, siew, 2090, 3978, 4073; to
slay, 114. Slye (tua), sleAV, 147. Slyest, slewest, 4254. Smortherting, smothering, 3303. Soghed, sighed, 2890. Sogheth, sigheth, 6164. Solain, famous, excellent, fair,
864, 6104. O.Fr. solempne.
Eoq. [At 1. 864 the Fr. text
has beaulx.~\ Solain, solitary, done in solitude,
4394; lonely, 5431. O.Fr.
soltain. Bur. See Pr. Parv. Sollemply, solemnly, 6192. Sompnolence,slumber,5384,5452. Sompnolent, slumberous, 5376. Sonly, soon, 4078. Sothlese, Sothlesse, truly, verily,
197, 417, 940, 2657, 3852.
[Sothlese should mean untruly,
but the author insists that it
shall not.] Soudan, sultan, 1301, 1315,
1371, 1383. Ch. Soudiour, soldier, warrior, 4081.
See Pr. Parv. [The Fr. text
has fouldreant = one who
terrifies.] Souerayn, supreme, 210, 291,
297, 387, &c. Soule, sole, single, 3641, 3770. Souly, solely, singly, 4198.
Souned, sounded, 4718. Ch.
Sounneth, soundeth, 5782.
Sowghid, sighed, 1944.
Sowly, as Souly, 4154.
Sparcled, scattered, 6480. " Splar- plynge, or scaterynge, (sparte- lynge, sundrynge, sparkelyng). Dissqxdio:^ Pr. Parv.
Spedfully, speedily, 3451.
Spell, to tell, relate, 5103, 5705. A.S. spellian.
Spere, sphere, 6509. Lancelot, 6.
Sperhauke (espreuier), sparrow- hawk, 5374, 5396, 5440, 5453.
Sperhauke, i. e. Sparrow-hawk castle, 5413.
Spored, spurred, 4214.
Sporing, spurring, 4098.
Sprancles, sprinkles, tear-drops, 4016.
Sprites, spirits, feelings, affec- tions, 4648.
Staf, a line, verse, 6555. Cf. Eng. stave.
Staffes, lines, 6581.
Stage, story of a tower, 4925.
Standede, Standed, stone-dead, 115, 1376, 2282, 3121.
Staste, 1723. Doubtless an error for Stafte ; they stafte them = they ranged themselves in line ; an idea repeated in the words " putt into ordinance ; " for the Fr. text has merely, Lors se misdrent en ordonnanee. Cf. Staff, a line, supra. Kilian gives " Staven, Figere, pangere, statuere."
Stede, place, 4686, 4938, 4942.
Steke, to set, fix, 3538. G. steclcen.
Stered, stirred, excited, 2217. Ch.
Stied, mounted, climbed, 5861. A.S. stigan.
Stikell, steep, 5848. A.S. sticele.
Stile, steel, 2259, 2960, 3042.
Stilen, of steel, 256.
Stoke, stuck, 3955.
GLOSSABIAL INDEX.
289
S tonde, tim >, 3517. See Stotmde.
Stonde, astonied, 2346. See Stoned.
Stoned, astonied, amazed, 728, 2940, 4700 ■ in a trance, 3569. 0. Fr. estoner.
Stonyng (esbahissement), abash- ment, cause of shame, 1230.
Stouud, ) , . • i •
o, i > time period, instant,
Stounde, > 1
237, 312, 532, 633, 703, &c. ; chiefly in phr. that stounde = at that time. A.S. stund. Ger. stunde. In Du. stand = mo- ment, instant.
Store, 5617. An error for Stere, to stir, cause, bring about.
Stour (estour), also Stoure, con- flict, combat, 1360, 2231,4165 ; pace, rate, 4827. Ch.
Stourne, stern, 5730.
Stratte, strait, narrow, 5809. Lat. strictus.
Strayned {destraint), strained, tormented, 1406.
Streight, stretched, made ready, 869, 918, 1005, 5417. A.S. streecan, to stretch ; p.p. ges- treht.
Streith, straightway, 712.
Strenglit (fort), a fortress, 1179, 1184, 1192, 3452, &c.
Stroied, destroyed, 2857, 3313, 4854.
Stroyng, destroying, 3408.
Suatte, sweated, 3079.
Suete, to sweat, 4851.
Sunisantly, sufficiently, 3984.
Sughed, sighed, 5024.
Sugret, 3848, i sugared, sweet.
Sugred, 6029, j Ch.
Sured, betrothed, 5087.
Surmitte, to lay a charge on, im- pose a task on, 5606. The line means, " To impose a task on Palestine, my youngest sister." "Surmettre; imposer, charger,
accuser." Tioq. Surrend, to restore, render back
again, 4986. Suster, sister, 5595. A.S. suster. Sustre, sister, 5606. Sustres, sisters, 5575. Swatte (tressue), sweated, 2781,
2876, 4929. Syn, afterwards, ^?. 176 ; since,
4928. See Sin. Synny, sinful, 5218.
Tach (tache), a blemish, 1265. Tacked (attachierent), attached, 4802. Pr. Parv.
Taking, sb. capture, 4920 ; vb. taken, 4921.
Talmondois (taillemondoiz), 1224. Prob. the name of a place, as t,t Me = district. Eoq.
Targe, target, shield, 4212.
Tasting, feeling, testing, 449 1 . Ch.
Teise, draw near to, approach, 1295.
Tend, vexed, grieved, 2328 ; ir- ritated, disquieted, 5785 ; was vexed, incensed, 3213. A.S. teonan, to vex, irritate, incense.
Tende, kindled ; debate tende = kindled strife, 2097 ; kindled, lighted (Fr. text, cdumer font), 2136. A.S. tendon, to light, kindle.
Termyne, to finish, bring to an end, 5996.
Terrene, earthly, 417.
Terrenly, as regards lands; wurthy terrenly = a great landholder, 5014. [The Fr. text has sera grant terrien, where terrien = terrier, seign- eur qui a beaucoup de terres.]
Tewisday, 2670, 3247, ) Tues-
Tewsday,j 3309, 5763, ) clay.
Tha (ilz), they, 1365.
Thaken (esprins), taken, seized, 3292. ;
19
290
GLOSS ARIAL INDEX.
Thaught, taught, 98, 768, 3962.
The, prosper, 4959. A.S. 'peon.
Then, ten, 3477.
Thenke, think, 3801, 3804, 3815.
Ther-hens, thence, 4345. [Per- haps an error for Ther-thens.]
Ther-thens, thence, 3125, 3350, 4818, 5070, 5517, 5763.
Therthorough, thereby, 31-49.
This, thus, 2892, 3424.
Tho, those, 1343, 1653, 3176, 3218, &c. ; A.S. pa. Ch.
Tho, then, 253, 4534, 5391. A.S. pa. Ch.
Thorught, through, 3863.
Thought, though, 6611.
Thrall, adj. subject, 4714.
Thraste, to thrust, 4233.
Throw, time ; that throw = at that time, 626 ; in a throw, in a brief space of time, 3360. See Pr. Parv. A.S. prah. Ch.
Thwanges, 568, ) thongs. A.S.
Thanges, 582, j pwang.
Thyme (temps), weather, 2735.
Thys, thus, 297, 3218, 3279, 5069.
Timbre (fust), wooden hilt, 1377.
Tirandise, tyranny, 4732.
Tirandisse, tyranny, 6487.
To, two, ^.173, 31, 144, 1648, 1649, 1651, &c.
To-auaunce (ton deuancier) pre- ceding (you) ; man to-auaunce = ancestor, 5566.
To-bore, native, 6563.
To-breke, brake very much, 5893. A.S. to-brecan.
T (-chapped (d( trt nche), cut small, 2272.
Togeders, together, 102, 1027, 1727, &a
Told, accounted ; noght told of = thought nothing of, 3029.
To-rent, rent severely, 5648 ; quite broken. 4290. " Ch.
Tomorne, to-morrow, 2749.
Torn, turn, 2764, 2838, 2938,
3043, 6566 ; return home,
5266. Ch. Torned, turned, 3738. Torning, 2905, j .
Tornyng, 3449, j tmnmS- To-stoniste, much astonished,
2198. To-tere, to tear severely, 5938. To-tore, tore severely, 5872. Tour, a tower, 4662,' 4772, 4907. Tour, a turn, circuit, 3875. Fr.
tour. Townishe peple (celles de la wile),
people of the town, 2443. Toxicat (envelyme), poisoned,
1333, 1429. Traiteresse, traitress, 2770. Trauers, in the phr. in trailers
(au trailers), across, 1161 ;
across, sideways, 5886. Trauersing, changing about,
changing the place of words,
6562. Traying, for Tarying, tarrying,
49. See note. Trenchand, cutting, 3045. Ch. Trewage, tribute, 4729, 4739,
6154. OJ?i.treu,trewge. Kocp Trimble, tremble, 3997. Trought, truth, 2919, 3697. Troiith, truth, 3710. Trowe (trou), a hole, 4270. Trowing (se croy Ie), as I sup- pose, 3575, 4260 ; expecting,
trusting, 4266. Trusse, sb. a bundle, 720 ; (see
Pr. Parv.) ; pack off, begone,
3011. O.Pr. torser, trusser.
Pur. Trussing (destruisant), making
(them) pack off, routing (them),
2154; perhaps here used in
the sense of destroying. Tydy, timely; tydy stounde,
timely moment, 5722. Cf. Ger.
zeitig.
GLOSSAKIAL INDEX.
291
Vail, to avail ; but used in phr. vail that vail might = happen what may ; Fr. text, vaille que vaitte, 2672.
Uaillant, valiant, 4G50.
Ualay, valley, 4160'.
Ualey, valley, 584, 725, 747, &c.
Yaloure, value, power, p.5Q, 3899.
Uandosme, 3484. This is a pro- per name (the modern Ven- dome), and the allusion to it must be a proverb. The line means, "By the tears of Van- dosme's beauty," (or face, or appearance), though " hys fair" is merely expletive. Fr. text, Et, pour la lurtne de vandbsme.
Uarray, very, 5399.
Uermaill (venneillon), vermilion, scarlet, 3213, 4279, 5477.
Uerray, very, 4652.
Uiage, journey, expedition, 3123, 5820 ; purpose, 3953 ; neces- saries for a journey (Lat. viaticum), 5020; of viage = on their journey, 2476. Ch.
Uilloincd, dishonoured, slighted, 2993. O.Fr. vilainer. Bur.
Vilously (wllainement), insult- ingly, 2861.
1 "it ail 1, victuals, eatables, 5022, 5466. Ch.
Uitaillouns, 987. An error for uitaillous, eatable, life- sustaining.
Vmbleste, humblest, 4842.
Unbore, unborn, 3709.
Unconnyng, unskilful, 6610.
Vnconnyngnesse, lack of skill, ;>. 12.
Ynfold, explained, jj.130 ; to narrate, relate, 893, 4372, 51 24 ; visibly, openly, plainly, 697, 2350, 5038 ; produced, given birth to, 4401 ; unfold of = brought forth by, 465 (cf. 1.
4401); narrated, related, 5990;
evident, manifest, openly dis- played, p. 35, 26.
Vnhaply, by ill chance, 5918.
Unknow, unknown, 843, 4954.
Unmesurabelnesse, want of moder- ation, talkativeness, 3594.
Unmete, immense, measureless, 5775. A.S. unmette.
Unnethes, scarcely, 318, 778, 1405, 1703, Ac. A.S. un-ed*. Ch.
Vnperfight, imperfect, sinful, 5225.
Vnshit, ) to open, 3501 ; open-
Vnshitte, j ed, 3945, 4747, 5792.
Vnwemmed, unblemished, 6569. See Wemme.
Uoide, to depart, 4109, 5590. ( 'h.
Uoided, departed, 5639 ; avoided, 3084.
Uois, voice, 2404, 3547, 4870.
Uolente (voulente), wish, desire, 47, 3473. Ch.
Voluntarily (voulentiers), gladly, 5055.
TJomed, foamed, 3215.
Uoyding, avoiding, 4672.
Vre, common custom, habitual use, 3722. See Xares' Glossary.
Wacche, watch, 5523 ; to watch,
n:i75, 5395. Wacchyd (veitta), watched ;
wacchyd his person = took
heed to himself, kept himself
awake, 5518. Wace, was, 4769, 4844, 5243. Waillant, valiant, 5354. Wak, ) to watch, 5144, 5454. Wake, j Ch. Waked, watched, 5461. Waking, watching, 5527. Walling, welling up, 4161. A.S.
iceallen. Ger. written. Wallure (niurs), walls, 1152,
5504.
19 *
292
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Waloping, galloping, 4827. Kilian gives " Galoppe, Avaloppe " in Appendix. See note to the line.
Warant, safeguard, defence, 4195 ; to guard, save, 4201.
Wardain, warder, 4415. Ch.
Warde, sb. custody, 4824 ; vb. guard, 5003, 5005 ; cf. garde in 1. 5004.
Warde (gardez), take care, be- ware, 805, 834.
Warented (pouoit garir), de- fended, saved, 2237.
Warly, warily, 41, 4267 ; adj. warlike, 1362.
Waymented, lamented, 3324. O.Fr. waimenter. Bur.
Waymenting, lamenting, 4953 ; sb. a lament, 3459. Ch.
Wemme, spot, blemish, 466. A.S. went.
Wend, to turn about, 6566 ; went, i. e. arrived, 3153; went, 2264 ; turned, over- turned, 2104.
Wendyng, turning, 2905.
"Went, weened, knew, 5646. See note to the line.
Wen- (guerre), war, 2980, 3056, 3172, 4056, etc.
Were, whether, 5659. See Wher.
Were, wary, 4063,
W^ily, warlike, 1591, 4148.
Wern (escondiroie), deny, refuse, refuse to do, ^.126, 556, 1494. A.s. wyrnan.
Wern, warn, 4197. A.S. wernan.
Werne, to deny, refuse, 82, 86, 520 ; See Wern.
Werre, war, 3659, 4429.
Werred, warred on, 5318. Ch. werreie.
Wenvlv, in a warlike way, 1741.
Wersom, weary, 4406 ; wersom goste = tired, oppressed spirit.
Wher, / whether, 359, 4048,
Where, j 4054, 4657, 5083.
Where (guerre), war, 1281. Where-hens, whence, p. 114,3351,
3383, 5489. Wherethorugh, whereby, 447,
3389, 4404. Wlierethorught, wherefore, 3079. Whight (hardis), nimble, vigor- ous, 2522. Suio-G. wig. Sw. rig. Whilis, whilst, 5597. Wice, wise, 4896. Wight, nimble, swift, 4910. Ch. Wightly, quickly, 326 ; nimbly,
2260, 4226 ; soon, 4697,
4S43 ; strongly, vigorously,
3066, 4699. Wighty, nimble, quick, ( =
Wight), 4704. Cf. Bryghty,
Pittv, Moisty. Wilfull, willing, glad, 1641. Will, adv. weU, 5527, 6171. Wilnyng, wishing, 3178. Ch. Win, to rise, get up, 2986. See
Jam. s. v. Win — " to win up,
to rise." With, used in the sense of by,
4673. Ch. Withdraught, withdrawal, 5927. Withsay, to gainsay, 86, 3235 ;
refuse, 5529. A.S. wiZsoeggan.
Ch. Withsaing, gainsaying, 482. See
1. 485. Wo, adj. sad, 2538, 2562. Ch. Woer, sadder, 2855. Wode, mad, 3291, 4897. Ch. Womanhed, womanhood, 2315. Wonderly, wondrously, 26, 5282 ;
wondrous, 1241. Wone (firm, nre), dwelling, 5786.
Ch. [The MS. has lone.] Wordle, world, 166, 2049, 4838,
5782. " Al J>e welthe of J>is
wordle. and J>e woo bo]?e."
Piers Plow. ed. Wbitaker. 1. 10. Wordly, worldly, 457, 2644,
2923 ; mortal, 1177 ; living in
this world, alive, 3533. [Lance.
SLOSSARIAL [NDBX.
293
lot, 3184, has ward = warld, world. So werd = world in Gen. 4- Ex. 32, 1315.] Worle, world, 3816, 3841, 4007,
5179, 5353, &c. W« >rly, worldly, 3838, 41 10, 4373,
6510. Worm, a large serpent, 5859.
A.S. wurm. O.X. ormr. Wormes, serpents, 5772. Wout, wot, know, 761. "Woxin, become, 3436. Wrake, harm, hurt, 5933. A. 8.
wrcec. Wraste, wrested, i. e. pierced,
1377. Wrete, written, 6401. Wreth,s&. wrath, 231 ; y&.to make
angry, 2856. Wrethed, made angry, 4853. Wroght, 2780, ) Wrought, 3543, pvlutil- Wrothed, was angry, 1254. Wurght, adj. worth, 5940. Wurghtinesse, worthiness, 5959. Wyght, a wight, a creature, 3992.
A.S. wiht. Wyghtly (vistement), nimbly,
quickly, 235, 333. WylfuUy, at will, 327. Wyn, to go, 3253. See Win.
Yaf, gave, 218, 559. Yaffle, 1587. Here porte yaffe = left harbour, set sail.
Yande, yonder, 5827. Yanyng, yawning, 5852, 5941. Yef fave, 652. Yetf,bgive, jp.191, p.l9G, p.209,
75 ; given, 88. Yefte, gift, 550. Yeman (varlet) , a yeoman, a squire,
5164, 5174. Yerfull, ireful, angry, 3258. Yeue, give, i. e. deliver, 462. Yeuyng, giving ; but used as = had given, 4720 ; giving,^. 47. Yif, given, 5557. Yifte, gift, 558, 687, 5401, 5406.
Yiftes, gifts, 1071.
Yongling, youngling, youth, 3843.
Youthnesse, youth, 5221.
Yowlownesse (crinx Wows) yellow- ness, 3887.
Yoy, joy, 3760, 3991.
Ypocras, the name of a com- pound wine, 972.
Yre (fer), iron, 1377, 2786, 2999.
Yrous, angry, 4889.
Yrouslv, angrily, 4692.
Yut, yet, p. 21, 3709, 5351, &o.
Ywis, certainly, p.116.
Zowning (se pasme), swooning;
287, 3569, 3776 ; a swoon, 3781. Zownyngly, swoonin;j,ly, 3566.
Jere, years, 126.
INDEX OF NAMES.
[In this index, the references under words in large capitals are to the pages of the book ; otherwise, the references are to the lines. By p. is meant page, and by prol. the "Prologue."]
Albany, 4386, 53G2.
Allexaundre, 6322.
Almayn, 2066.
Ambrys, Amerie, or Amerye, earl of Poitiers, j?.8 ; adopts Raymond, p. 11 ; goes out hunting, ^>.12; is accident- ally slain by Raymond, ^. 1G ; is buried, p. 29.
Angoy (Anjou ?), 968.
Anthonye, prol. 177.
Antony, or Anthonye, fourth son of Raymond and Melusine, j> AS ; besieges Luxembourg, j»y.64 ; marries Christian, p. 71 ; further notice of him, p. 184.
Aras (Arras), 2640.
Ardennes. See Dardane.
Aristotle, quoted ; prol.78.
Aritrige (= Autrige, i. e. Aus- tria), 2497. Fr. text. Autnche.
Armenia. See Hermeny.
Arminiens, 1604.
Arragon, or Arrigon, 4636, 5168, 5607, 5709, 5764, 5768.
Arthur, prol.91, 5748.
Aucerre (Auxerre), 975.
Auoblon, or Aualon, 4548, 4644, 4858.
Ausoy (Alsace), 1700, &c. Ausoys (Alsacians), 1703, 1733,
1736, 1743, 1750, 1754. Ayglon, 5007.
Bachus, prol. 37. Barry. See Salz. Baueres (Bavaria), 20G6. Bernagant, 4312 ; an error for
Ternagant == Termagaunt. Bertram, son of Amerye, 28. Bertram, son of Anthony, and
grandson of Melusine, becomes
king of Alsace, p.90, Bewme (Beaune), 970. Bew-repair, 1171 ; Fr. text, le
bourg ou a moult beau Repaire. Bewuais (Beauvais), 2640. Blanche (daughter of Amerye),
27. Brehaigne (Bohemia), 1696, 1939,
1951, 1972, 5328. Brehaignons (Bohemians), 2072,
2093, 2116, 2154, 2182. Bretain, 5086. Brough-dieu, 2623.
Cambrere, 5359. Celestines, 5961.
INDEX OF NAMES.
295
Charlemain, 6350, 6360.
Chartres, 2633.
Cipresse (Cyprus), 1297, 1467, 1600, 5317, 6275.
Ciprian, king, 1142, 1352, 1437.
Ciprian, a man of Cyprus, 1414.
Cipriens, men of Cyprus, 1316, 1332, 1338, 1400, 5351.
( loinqs, also spelt Quonig, Coriqs, and Comquez, a mountain in Arragon, 4607, 4625, 5708, 6061.
Columbere (Coulombiers), 34, 125, 146, 866, 1099.
Comquez. See Coinqs.
Constantinoble, 946, 4516.
Couldrette, author of the French version of the romance, 6423, 6433.
Craquo, king of, p.*iQ>; killed by Eaynold, p. 8 2 ; burnt by the men of Alsace, />.83.
Cristian, daughter of the duke of Luxembourg, ^.64 ; gives a feast to Anthony and Eaynold, p.§& ; pardons the king of Alsace, p. 70 ; is married to Anthony, ^.71 ; asks Anthony to wear the arms of Luxem- bourg, p. 75. Crius, 5672.
Dardane, 2488. An error for (T Ardennes, the place meant being the French department named Ardennes.
Denmarke, 2465.
Digon (Dijon?), 971.
Dingenon, 982.
Eglentine, daughter of the king of Bohemia, ^>.78 ; laments his death, ^>.79 ; besieged by the Saracens, id. ; welcomes the king of Alsace, £>.83 ; is mar- ried to Eaynold, p. 87, 88.
Englande, 5357, 5741, 5968,
6006.
English Knight, the ; his advent- ure in Arragon, 5741—5971.
Ermynee, daughter of the king of Cyprus, ^;.51 ; laments his sore wounds, p.bl ; besieged by the Saracens, ^.53 ; made heiress by her dying father, p.56 ; marries Uriens, jp.59.
Esclauons, 2075, 2091, 2094.
Estables, 978.
Faborugh, 2496. An error for Friburg ; Fr. text, brib&urg.
Famagouce, Famagousta in Cy- prus, 1299, 1304.
Flourye, daughter of the king of Armenia, p.CA ; marries Guy, jj.62.
Forest, earl of; 36, 60, 79, 91, 101.
Forest, earl of. See Fromounte.
Fraunce, 5687, 6388.
Frige (Fhrygia), prol.36.
Frise (Friesland), 2463.
Fromont, seventh son of Ray- mond and Melusine, pA9 ; asks his father if he may turn monk, ^.92 ; becomes a monk at MaUlezais Abbey, p.95 ; is burnt by Geoffrey, p.QG (of which there is a more detailed account, p)j). 1 1 3 — 1 1 7).
Fromounte (earl of Forest), tempts Raymond to find out where Melusine goes on a Satur- day, ^9.98 ; is threatened by Raymond, jjAOI ; slain by Geoffrey, p. 1 02 (of which there is a longer account, ^.169, 170).
Gaffray (Geoffrey), sixth son of Raymond and Melusine, J9.49 ; says he will fight the giant Guedon, p. 91 ; his fight with Guedon, 7^>.105 — 109;
29 6
INDEX OF NAMES.
slays Guedon, /).110 ; says he will go to Northumberland, p. 113; hums down Maillezais abbey, pp.lli — 117; goes to Northumberland, p.118; he is to rebuild the abbey, p.129] fights with the giant Grimold, Pl>. 141 — 151 ; enters the en- chanted mountain, pp.155 — ■ 164; slays Grimold, j).\6'3 ; sees Raymond, ^>. 167 ; kills his uncle Fromounte, p.170 ; rebuilds the abbey, ^>.176 (cf. p. 182); is assoiled by the pope, ^?.180 ; goes to Mont- serrat, ^>. 181 ; hears of Pales- tine's treasure, ^.207 ; falls ill, jj.208; dies, and is buried in the abbey, ^.209.
Gawayn, prol. 97.
Gian (Guienne), 6362.
Greffon, son of Uriens, 1562, 1584, 1585.
Grimold the giant, is sought by Geoffrey, 2^.141 — 144; fights with Geoffrey and flees wax, pp. 145 — 151 ; found and slain by< reoffrey,j>2?.161 — 163.
GUEDON THE GIANT, wastes*
Guerrande, j>.91; rights with Geoffrey and is slain, pp. 105 — 110; was cousin to Grimold, p. 148.
Guerrande, 2950, 3140, 3157, 3343, 4832.
Guy, third son of Raymond and Melusine, pA8 ; goes to Cy- prus, p.5l ; aids the king of Cyprus,£>.52 ; marries Flourye, and is king of Armenia, pp. 61, 62 ; alluded to, p.183 and i>.192.
Helmas, king of Albany, and husband of Presine, father of Melusine, Melior and Pales- tine, y.152 ; enclosed in the en-
chanted mountain, p. 153 ; his tomb, p.156 ; his history, pp. 157 — 160 ; alluded to, pp. 168, 173, 193, 199, and 207.
Hermeny (Armenia), 1637, 5321, 5369,^5372, 5391,5672, 6275.
Horrible, eighth son of Raymond and Melusine, p. 50 ; Melu- sine advises that he be slain, />.128 ; he is stifled in a cave, p. 137; alluded to, ^.184.
Hungery, 5993.
Iason, 1573.
Ihesu, 6525, 6539.
Iohan of Pertenay, 6217, 6233.
Iudas Iscariot, 3337.
Iupiter, 4313.
King of Bohemia ; see "Brehaigne. King of Craquo (Cracow) ; see
Craquo. King of Cyprus ; see Ciprian, „ king.
King of France, 6265, 6272. King op Hermyne (Armenia) ;
his adventure at Sparrow-hawk
Castle, pp.186 — 195.
Lancelet, prol. §5.
Latin, 6558, 6565.
Lesignen, prol. 1 35, prol. 195. See Lusignen.
Lochier, 2486.
Lusignen, built and named, 1138 ; name alluded to, 3725 ; used as a war-cry, 5352 ; the ro- mance named from it, 6420. [Mentioned very often.]
Luxembrough, 1235, 1697, 1802, 2096, 2475, 5333.
Lyon (pope Leo), 4964, 5144, *5156.
Mabregon, prol. 172, Maehon, 31. Mahounde, 310, 4313.
INDEX OF NAMES.
297
Mailers Abbey (now Maillezais), 1252, 2553, 2581, 2591, &c. ; burnt down, 2666, 3291— 3325 ; rebuilt, 5104 ; Geoffrey- is buried there, 6099.
Margot, 4312.
Mars, 2671.
Mathefelon, 6236, 6301.
Medee (Medea), 1572, 1575.
Meisiere (Mezieres), 2492.
Mel (Melle, dep. Deux Sevres), built, 1199.
Melior, second daughter of Hel- masand Presine, ^.159 ; alluded to, p. 174; keeper of Sparruw- hawk Castle, p. 185 ; interview with the king of Armenia, pp. 190-194.
Melusine, eldest daughter of Helmas and Presine, ^>.158 ; her doom, ^>. 159; meets with Raymond, pp. 19 — 27 ; marries Raymond, pp.33 — 44; builds Lusignan, Mel, &c., ]>/)Ao, 47; her children, p2)A6 — 50, />.92; is seen bathing by Raymond, p.100 ; comforts Raymond, j>. 104 ; Raymond calls her ser- pent,^. 124 ; she reproac lies him and bids him adieu, pp.125 — 134 ; is changed into a serpent and vanishes, j>.135 ; reap- pears, p.139 ; her name ex- plained, p. 45.
Merkministre, 2622.
Merlyn, 5973. See note.
Meruant (Mervent), built, 1200 ; given to Thierry, 5007.
Meuse (river), 2491.
Midas, prol.36.
Mont-sarrat (Monserrat in Arra- gon), 5148, 5169, 5296, 5305.
Mychaell, 6462.
Norl lelande (Northumberland),
3163, 3168, 4055, 4726.4823. Norway, 6278, 6280.
Octauian, 2.
Oedes (Eudes), second son of Melusine, ^.47 ; marries daughter of the earl of Forest, 2?. 6 3 ; alluded to, ^.183.
Ortholegne, 2464.
Palestine, youngest daughter of Helmas and Presine, p. 160; mentioned, p. 1 7 4 andp. 193; she guards her father's treasure in Arragon, pj<.\96, 197.
Panehourght (Pembroke), 5357.
Partenav (Parthenav), prol.122, prol.U6; built, 1204. [Men- tioned very often throughout the poem.]
Partenav, lord of, 6145 ; date of his death, 6182.
Partenay, lohan of ; see Iohan.
Pareys (Paris), 2640, 5690, 6202.
Pavnv (pagan lands), 1564.
Paynymes, 1328, 1385, 1395, 1469, &c.
Peyters (Poitiers), prol. 121, 3, 21, 32, 174, 521, &c.
Peiteuin (a Poitevin, a man of Poitou), 1374.
Petvuins (Poitevins), 1362, 1733, 1743, &c.
Peito (Poitou), 1220.
Penticost, 6182.
Perceuale, j>/v>7.97.
Perregort, 6354, 6372.
Poiters, 53, 64, 89, &c. Sec Pey- ters.
Polin (Apolin), 4312.
Pope, the; 2636, 5144, 5156, 5216, 5224, 5253.
Presine, wife of Helmas, pp.15 7 — 160; mentioned, p. 174.
Promission, land of (land of Promise, Palestine), 5713, 5759, 5786, 6063.
Quonig, 4607. See Coinqs.
298
INDEX OF NAMES.
Raymound, son of the earl of Forest, adopted by EarlAmery, p.ll ; hunts with Winery, and accidentally kills him, pp. 1 2 — 18 ; meets with Melusine, whom he marries, yyp.\9 — 42 ; permits his son Fromont to turn monk, pp.92 — 95 ; is tempted to see where Melusine goes on a Saturday, pp.98, 99 ; sees her bathing, p.100 ; his rage, and self-reproaches, ^•101 — 104; hears how the abbey of Maillezais is burnt, and visits the ruins, pp. 119 — 121 ; his grief, and how he called Melusine a serpent, pp.122 — 124 ; his adieu to Melusine, and lament at her loss, pp.135, 136 ; sets out for Rome, p. 173 ; is pardoned by the pope, p.lll ; becomes a hermit, j^.178, 179; dies, p. 182.
Raymond, ninth son of Raymond and Melusine, ^>.92, Z.2550 ; where " Fromont " is a mistake for "Raymond"; becomes earl of Forest, jxl84.
Raynold, fifth son of Melusine, pA9 ; goes with Anthony to Luxembourg, pp. 63 — 68 ; goes with him next to Bohemia, /7^.74 — 85 ; marries Eglentyne, 77^.86 — 89 ; mentioned again, ^.184.
Ris, 980.
Rochel (Rochelle), 31, 968; built, 1219; also 1282, 2529, 3807, 5110, 6461.
Romain (Romanee?), 972.
Kmnayns (Romans), 2469.
Rome, 266, 4964, 5068, 5119.
Saints, invocation of. On pp. 221, and 222, the following ■saints are invoked : SS. Agnes,
Andrew, Augustin, Clement, Cuthbert, Denise, Edith, Ger- main (Germanus), Iohan the baptist, Katerine, Lauerence, Martin, Mary, Magdeline, More (Maurice), Mychaell, Nicholas, Paul, Peter, Seuerine (Severinus), Siluestre, Steuin (Stephen), Vincent. Also at ^>.224 thanks are given to S. John the apostle, S. Michael, and the Virgin Mary.
St. Cross, church of, 6189.
Seint Johan-cf-Angely (now St. Jean d'Angely), 976.
Seint Iougon, 975.
Seint Lowes (Louis IX.), 6199.
Seint Martin's, 2630.
Seint Messent (St. Maixent), 1200.
Seint pursain (St. Pourcain-sur- Allier), 980.
Salz and Barry (Salisbury), prol. 178.
Sarasins, 1311, 1330, 1964, 2089, 2099, &c; all killed and burnt, 2290.
Sarasyne, 309.
Saturday, 490, 2724, 5598,5601.
Soudan (Sultan), 1317 ; killed, 1381.
Sperhauke castell, romance of; 5370—5678.
Suriens, 1387.
Terry. See Thierry.
Tewsdav, 2670, 3309.
Theophillus, 6459.
Thierry, tenth and youngest son of Melusine, p.$2 ; is to be lord of Parthenay, j;.138 ; nursed by Melusine by night, ja 140 ; goes with Geoffrey, p.173 ; governs Parthenay, 2>.175.
Tholouse, 5159, 5199, 5982.
Tiberius Cesar, prol. 28.
INDEX OF NAMES.
299
Tourain, 970, 2629.
Toures, 2629.
Tourimz (Tours 1), 974.
Trinite, the ; 6434, 6547.
Tristram, 5750, 6008.
Tronipe (name of a tower), 1186.
Turkes, 1387.
Valerius Maximus, prol. 27.
Yandosme, 3484.
Vauuant (Vouvent), built, 1200 ;
2676,3125, 3368, 3372, 3453,
5007.
Uiart, 978.
Virgin Mary, 465, 6455, 6548.
Urien, or Uriens, eldest son of Melusine, pAQ ; goes to Cy- prus, ^j».50 ; kills the sultan, ^>.53 ; is made king of Cy- prus, p.5 7 ; marries Ermynee, j>.59 ; noticed, /?.183.
William, 6175.
Yrlande, 6286. Ywon, 2490.
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