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RANDOM RECORDS OF A LIFETIME ,
DEVOTED TO SCIENCE AND ART, 1846-1931

l ff ! •r i y

BY W. H. HOillES

///

VOLUME V

RANDOM RECORDS OF A LIFETIME

DEVOTED TO SCIENCE AMD ART, 1846-1931

BY W. E. HO DIES

VOLUME V, 1879-94

Section I 1879 Closing of the Interior and War Depart-
ment Surveys and establishment of the
U. S. Geological Survey.

Visit to England, France, Germany, Switzer-
land, Holland, Austria and Italy.

Art Studies in Munich.

Return to Washington.

Section II 1880 With Captain Dutton on the Survey of the

Colorado Canyon.

Appointment on the new Survey.

Preparation of maps and panoramas for the
Atlas of the Grand Canyon, Colorado.

In Charge of the closing of the Hayden
Surve y .

Section III 1884 Trip to Mexico with Mr. and Mrs. Chain

and W. H. Jackson, photographers.

Illustrations.

Section IV 1886-7 In Rocky Mountains with Langley and Powell.

Adventures and Disaster.

Ancient Ruins

The Mother Squirrel and the Snake.

The Bear Story.

Remarkable Scenery.

Section V Work on Chicago Exposition.

1894 Acceptance of Chicago position and farewell
to Washington. Banquet and Loving Cup.

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VOLUME V

SECTION I, 1879 Closing of the Interior and War

Department Surveys and establish-
ment of the U.S. Geological Survey.

Visit to England, France, Germany,
Switzerland, Holland, Austria and
Italy.

Art Studies In Munich.

Return to Washington.

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2^iJltA725> -XT TO3 a S'aairj'JWa*

CLOSE OF THE HAYDEN SURVEY

TRIP TO EUROPE
1879-1880

On June 3G, 1879, the Hayden Survey of the Territories,
which had been for several years actively engaged in Rocky Moun-
tain surveys, was discontinued by Congress. The Arny Engineer
Survey under the direction of George M. Wheeler was closed at
the same time and the U. S. Geological Survey was established
by Congress, with Clarence King as Director. Although my work
on the old Survey was not completed, I resolved to take a year off
for a trip to Europe, the principal objects of the trip being to
visit the museums and galleries of the principal cities, and to
study art. The second six months of 1879 and the first six
months of 1880 were devoted to this outing.

Provided with necessary passport and letters of intro-
duction, the latter by Professor Baird, Dr. Hayden, Mr. Donald-
son and others, I sailed August 2, 1879, and landed at Liverpool
August 21.

My diary note books of the period give elaborate details
of my do ings , but, as with those of other periods, they were too
voluminous to be preserved or copied, and for the most part have
been destroyed, and my many sketches in pencil and water color
have been widely scattered.

I had a pleasant voyage, no sickness at all. In London
I visited the galleries, museums and public places generally,
leaving on August 24 for Dover and thence for Calais, Brussels,

Aix La Chape lie, Cologne, Dusseldorf, Zermatt (September 14).

■

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Bonn, Drachenfels, Konigsburg, Rolandseck, Clblenz, Bingen, Dresden,
(August 25), Heidelberg (August 28), Frankfort, Strasbourg (Aug. 29)
Lue era, . Basel (August 31), Berne, Interlacken, Genoa. Made sketches
everywhere in Switzerland, especially in the Alps, studies of
Glaciers, much about Chamounix, Zermatt, the Materhorn, and Zurich
(September 20).

Reached Munich, September 22, 1879 where I spent much time
in Galleries and Museums. Joined the American Colony of Art
students of which Frank Duveneck was the leading spirit. Associat-
ed with Turner, Mills, Ritter, Muller, Currier, Frank Duveneck and
others. Worked from various models. Made and brought home a
lot of sketches showing the influence of the Duveneck School. Ross
Turner was a Washington boy and was a good friend.

Returned from Germany to London, March 2, 1880

Paris, March 3-15

Genoa, March 15

Pisa, March 16

Rome, March 19 - 31

Naples, April 2, 1880

Vesuvius, April 1, first visit

Herculeum

Pompeii, April 7, 8, 14
Eboli, April 15
Palermo, April 10
Paestum, April 10
Amalfi, April 17 - 24

rf" ■ . • . . •- .

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Capri, ten days, April 24 to May 3

Naples, on the way sketched Capri, Castle
Mare and Vesuvius.

Rome , May 4

Florence, May 5

Venice, Cheoggia with Weyl, Paris and Freeman.
In Venice I found many artists: Weyl, Ritter, Duveneck DeCamp,
Alexande, Adams, Spangler, Phenhart, Ferher, Becker, Wendell,
Corwin, Mills, Currier, Turner

Left Ten ice May 30, 1880 and set out for Vienna thence
through Germany to London again and home.

Russell Street,
sbury, London,
nuary 18,1880.

find me in
me . I am
ally in such

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doubtless
ill also Mrs.
y way to live,
r three weeks,
oroughly tired
le lowlands
ined until the

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most delightful
>

It is a city
ind as full of
3ems as im-
50 to the
isness and
?y duties of
ior to none,

intellectually and esthetically, and physically superior to all®
T^P military training makes the men erect and digni-
fied and the outdoor life and active employments of the women
make them seem Amazonian.

SCHWEITZER’S NACHFOLGER

Cigarren-Importeur.

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37 Great Russell Street ,
Bloomsbury, London,
January 18,1880.

My dear Doctor Hayden:

It took a long time for your letter to find me in
Munich but it was hearily welcome when it did come. I am
glad to know that you are physically and spiritually in such
good trim - may your shadow increase. You will doubtless
enjoy living in a house of your own, as I hope will also Mrs.
Hayden. I should think it the most satisfactory way to live.

After flitting about the Alps for two or three weeks,
seeing a lot of interesting stuff and getting thoroughly tired
of civilized mountain climbing, I descended to the lowlands
and soon came to a halt in Munich. Here I remained until the
end of the year. (1879) My stay in Munich was most delightful
and I shall long look back to it with pleasure. It is a city
thoroughly to my liking, as quiet as Washington and as full of
art as it can "stick." Music as well as art seems as im-
portant part of the life of the people. They go to the
theater or to the art gallery with as much seriousness and
earnestness as we go to church or to the necessary duties of
life. The Bavarians are a great people, inferior to none,
intellectually and esthetically , and physically superior to all.

Th^LfS military training makes the men erect and digni-

fied and the outdoor life and active employments of the women
make them seem Amazonian.

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.

The Germans have some pretty sharp and hard corners
to their characters, hut with all are much more polite than
the English or Americans. They how when they meet their
acquaintances and take off their hats to men as well as women.
They sit down at a table in a public house with you a stranger,
they say Good Day, and when they get up to leave they ho w and
hid you Adieu.

As a rule they are dull and are apparently often not
capable of entertaining more than one idea at a time. They
feed themselves with their knives and in many other ways are
behind the times. They make the best beer in the world and
drink oceans of it. Strangely enough there are few fat
people. Cne will see more obese people in America in a
month than in Europe in six.

I found many Americans in Munich, mostly artistic
and musical students. Two of them Boss Turner and Mr. Mills
I had known in Washington, and two others were Duvenick and
Mr. Currier from Cincinnati.

The great International Art Exhibition lasted for a
month after my arrival and I had a fine chance to study. Our
Centennial Art Exhibition could not be compared with it for
a moment. For two months I had a studio and did a good deal
of water color drawing from life. The models and excellent
and there are said to be as many as four thousand artists in

. -

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the City. The public galleries are hardly surpassed in
the world. The city library is next to the largest in the
world and the Museums are exceedingly rich in historical,
geological and ethnological collections.

.

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HOTEL BELLEVUE DRESDEN

August 26, 1880.

My dear Kate:

And now a word from Dresden. Leaving Stattgart
on Wednesday morning at 7, after leaving P.P.C. cards
for everybody from King to Anthropologist, I reached
Dresden after 12 hours ride through a most beautiful and
interesting country. Here I found Marshall and Thomp-
son at the Hotel Bellevue, on the bank of the Elk. We
have spent three days seeing the Museums and Art Galleries
and tomorrow morning are off for Berlin, which is only 2
hours and 40 minutes away. Today I have seen two
Museums and an art exhibition, which means that I have
been on my feet about seven hours.

Dresden is a most interesting old city and withal
a real city of importance. We can hardly say that we
have "done" the city, but Prof. Meyer, of the Anthropo-
logic Museum, has given us a great lesson in Museum making,
which is what we are here for. He is the great authority
on museums and installation.

We shall be in Berlin 4 or 5 days and go thence to
Hamburg, Brussells, etc., and reach Paris about September
20th or earlier. You can write to me care Hotel I ! dena
after receiving this letter.

.

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• .

JOURNAL .

Beginning June 20, 1880.

Find myself in London. Visit Crystal Palace and spend
some time in studying the paintings and other very interesting
and important exhibits. The Palace is a magnificent structure
and its dimensions are truly enormous. The park also is very

Vv\_

large and beautiful. Handel T s "Israel Egypt" was being sung
by an immense chorus - 3,000 singers and 1,000 instruments. Many
very beautiful women. In the Palace I observed especially the
groups of plaster casts representing various savage tribes, life
size; they are very fine; also a group of Tartars in rich costume.

Called at the Geological Museum and carried a letter to
Professor Bristow, geologist. He was very kind and introduced
me to Professor Hughes of Cambridge.

Saturday, June 27th: Made sundry purchases and in the even-

ing went to hear the "Pirates of Penzance," only so, so. In Talk-
ing home through London '%/s acting in real life that made the stage
affair seem pale.

•Packing my belongings preparatory to leaving England. June
30th sailed from Liverpool by steamer Pennsylvania. About 40 cabin
passengers and some hundreds of steerage. Nice weather throughout
the voyage save one or two days. Was laid up about halfi a day.

July 9th reached the capes; quarantined; customhouse officials
coma aboard. Landed at nine Monday the 10th.

In Philadelphia. Called on Dry Hayden and Mr. Don|lson;

n. *

and on the 13th reached Washington. Stopped at the Waver ly House
and engaged storage ih the Vernon Row building. Called at the
office; saw Eenshaw, PiAlo^y, Mrs. Marvin and others.

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THE CRITERION

AMERICAN BAR'S WIENER BIER SAAL,

-o<-

LIST. OF WINTER DRINKS.

►> o<-

1

Hot Tom* and Terry, Bourbon Whisky, Rye’Whisky.

SODA NOGG. ‘

Sherry Cobbler.

Claret Cobbler.
Criterion Cobbler.

Hot andCold Criterion -
Lemonade.

Hot and Cold American !
'‘'■"^'Lemonade.

LONG DRINKS.

Hock Cobbler.

Brandy Cobbler
Hotand Cold Egg Nogg.
Brandy Punch.

Claret Punch,

Cider Nogg.

Port Wine Sang^ree.

Soda Cocktail.
John Collins.
Stone Fence.
Milk Punch.

Iced Chocolate.
Iced Coffee, &c
Knickebein.

~ Square Meal.

Pousse Cafe.

4- Prairie Oyster.
Rum and Molasses.
Rum and Honey.

SHORT DRINKS.

i Corpse Reviver.

> Our Swizzle.
r‘ Criterion Reviver.
i Peach Brandy & Honey.
14 Bosom Caresser.

Flash of Lightning.
Brandy and Gum.

: H-Al-a-ba-zam.

Criterion Flip.

&g., &c.

CRITERION SPECIALITIES.

Flip Flap.

Brandy Cocktail.
Gin and Tansy.

Gin Cocktail.
Heap of Comfort.
Egg Cocktail.
Whisky Cocktail.
> Rattlesnake.

c

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MAGNOLIA.
Vermouth Cocktail.
Sherry Blush.
Fairies’ Kiss.
Champagne Cocktail.
Ladies’ Blush.
Brandy Sour.

Whisky Sour.

St. Croix Sour.

Gin Sour.

Colleen Bawn.
Criterion Coffee Punch
Pick-Me-Up.

Saddle Rock.

Gin Smash.

Sherry Flip.

COBBLERS, PUNCHES, NOGGS.

BOTTLED COCKTAILS— A SPECIALITY.

LAGER BEER, 6d. PER BOCK.

ALL DRINKS AT THE AMERICAN BAR ONE SHILLING.

SPIERS & POND, Proprietors.

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—

VOLUME V

SECTION II, 1880 With Captain Dutton on the Survey

of the Colorado Canyon.

Appointment on the new Survey.

Preparation of maps and panoramas
for the Atlas of the Grand Ganyon,
Colorado.

In charge of the closing of the
Hayden Survey.

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GRAND CANYON TRIP

1880

On my return from Europe on July 9, I had a very
pleasant time greeting friends and showing the drawings and
water colors made while abroad. Met numerous people of impor-
tance. Showed my sketches at the Cosmos Club, and Messer
showed them to his school at the Corcoran Gallery.

Soon, however, as expected, I found my services re-
quired as a geological assistant on the newly organized geo-
logical survey with Clarence King as Director, and was delighted
to find that I was booked for a trip to the Grand Canyon of the
Colorado to join Cap tain C. E. Dutton who was engaged in the
survey of that land of marvels. As the season for work there
was passing, I had to be off at once, and Mr. McChesney, pay-
master of the Survey, arranged my transportation. I left

, 7 ’

Washington on July 3, 1880, at eight in the morning. Met
S.H. proprietor

Mr. Kaufmann/of the "Star" on the train and had x long tails with
him. Traveled byway of Chicago, St. Louis, Omaha, and Ogden.
Beached Salt Lake on July 10$ thence reached Milford and took

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stage to St. George, which place was reached August 13. Got
lodgings in the house of Apostle Snow. Plenty of fine grapes
and other fruit,

August .14, at St. George: ?/alked out and climbed the

basaltic mesa a mile west of town, Bound fossils beneath the
lower bed of basalt and made numerous other observations. From

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the summit of the bluff had a good view of the valley of the
Santa Clara and of the interesting recent flows of lava. Mor-
mon residents, Messrs. Woolly, Lund and Judd were very kind.

They know many of our Survey people who have visited
St. George during previous years. Did some water color
sketching while delayed at this place. Could get no word from
Dutton who was at Kanab and concluded to hire a conveyance and
go on. Hardy would take me for $25; started at half past
seven in the evening. Beached and ascended Hurricane Bluffs
before morning.

On August 17 we met a man sent with wagon from
Captain Dutton at Kanab to take me to Mount Trumbull. Got
into camp within ten miles of Pipe Springs at what is known
as Cedar Bluff. The trees were on the east face of the bluff
and grew mostly in sand hills. There are many trunks. of
petrified trees that seem to be of large straight pine rather
than of dwarfish cedars and pinons that grow here now. The

i

largest of these trunks is upwards of 30 feet in diameter
for a length of 12 feet or more. Hear Pipe Spring I found a
few mounds with fragments of pottery and flint chips. Some
heaps of stone projecting from the low ridge appear to have
been placed by Indians. All around the spring are fragments
of pottery, flint and some arrow points. The pottery is of
both the painted and indented ware. Made plans of some ruins
that occur about 400 yards south of the spring (see sketch book.)

August 18th; Spent the day looking around the post,
late in the evening Mr. Jones and Mr, Sweat came in and at ten
the remainder of the party. Had supper and a talk with Captain

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Dutton and Mr, Bodfish.

August 19th; Marched 22 miles toward Mount Trumbull,
The rocks at the spring are triassic, but the plain across
which we marched is underlaid by the permian. Details of geo-
logical observations omitted*

August 20th: Marched all day. Beached the saw mill

tanks at the base of Mount Trumbull at night. Captain Dutton
says that I am to work on the stratigraphy of the sedimentary
and he on the volcanic formations.

August 21st: Climbed Mount Trumbull and made sketch

of canyon district to the east.

August 22nd: Climbed Mount Trumbull again.

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Aug. 23rd: On east end of Trumbull sketching the toro-

weap .

Aug. 24th: Rode over to the summit of Mount Logan with

Captain Dutton; afterwards to Oak Springs.

Aug. 25th: Visited Hurricane Ledge and a number of vol-

canic cones. Everywhere encountered graves and pottery fragments .

Aug. 26th and 27th: On geological studies.

Aug. 28th: Went down to the Grand Canyon. Got a glimpse

of the magnificent spectacle and hurried back* there being no water
within reach.

Aug. 29th: Climbed Mount Emma and made panoramas .

Aug. 30th: Again on Mount Logan.

Aug. 31st: On Hurricane Ledge. Started on a three days

trip to the Grand Canyon.

Sept. 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th: Made sketches in camp. Spent

several days about the rim of the canyon.

( Two pages of the note book lost).

The sun had set behind the walls of the Grand Canyon, leav-
ing the sky a wall of murky crimson. The winds arose and swept
along the ledge behind the great pines. Before a group of cycle-
pean buttes seamed and pinnacled lifted their heads from the
silent, somber depths into the light. Beyond a space lay
in gloom, whose depth and width no man would dare to guess, rises
a giant wall oi dense red. Beyond this the shadows crept across
the broad cliff broken plains; and the shadows of the world, dark
and blue, crept up the orange sky.

Sept. 17th: Left camp and set out for the Kaibab plateau.

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Rode 30 miles across a flat country; camped on a cedar
where we had a view of the strange and fantastic cliffs to the
north { so© sketch book }

Sept, laths Made a long march to DeMotte Park, ce

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ICalbab plateau* Pass the Piute camp, entered the plateau canyons
and soon reached the shallow, grassy swales of the upland. From
a barren sage plain we passed into a region of pines and lovely
aspens > of grass and flowers . Chilly evening. Bodfish. and party

cam©, Iaa, . sulc- *^v Iaj s-b', C %r x '^ .. Uj-u is 6U

Sept, XOtfis 'Soft emp for a point on eastern brink **

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plat a an. Three hours through aspen groves and grassy swales. ;
saw door and grouse. Camped on a pvoimntorj that overlooks t
vast, red desert of the Marble canyon - altogether a scene long
to bo remembered. The Faria plateau, B&vesho, Henry and LaSalle
mountains , the latter 200 miles away, the Echo cliffs aid the
marvelous canyon are all in view. ,

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Made panoramic sketches and returned to camp

in the park.

Sept. 21st: Made sketches of aspens . In the afternoon

whole party went down to Thompson f a Springs <

Sept. 22n&; Rode down swale five miles and came out of
woods upon the brink of the most marvellous canyon, the bottom of
which could hardly be seen and the side walls of which were won-
derfully carved and colored (see sketch).

Sept. 23rd; From Thompson * s Springs % way of Bodge Fool
to Point Sod. Splendid vle-irs of the canyon on the on# h®ict and

of the beautiful woods on the other. Stone enclosures and pottery

observed.

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Sept* 24th: Sketched with greatest pressure from sunrise

until half past three mruelo ns but to a and, most interesting geol-
ogy, He turned to Sedge Pool .12 miles.

Sept, 25th: Pas sod through forest and parks to Thompson -e

Springs , to hlho: Springs and afterwards with two mm end a cook
tarried, on to Point Sublime. Arrive before sunset and bad a glance
at the grandest, the most extraordinary panoramas in the wide world.

Sept. 26th, 27th & 20th: Sketched from simrise to sunset

except while at meals and until nine o ? clock the morning after -

Sept. 29th: He turned to the park.

Sept* 50th: Whole party set out for camp. Omnped at Big

Spring. Ihe aspens are finer than ever* The lea-res are like gold
a nd play about the white branches anti trunks like the golden head
dress of a Trojan, queen about her shoulders..

Oct. 1st: Marched across country to within 15 miles of

Kanab .

Oct. 2nd: Did some geological work. Discovered a largo

ruined pueblo on a low butte by the Mormon meadow, Iluch pottery
of great variety, arrow points, standing atones and piles of debris.

Oct. 3rd: Revisited the ruined pueblo..

Oct. &th~8tha in camp In the Sansh region*

Oct. 9th: Crossed Short Creek to c amp in a grove under

southeast base of a long, toothed butte* Glided to the saddle
and had a glorious view of a glorious sunset on the Temple of the
Virgin and the scarred cliffs and lofty domes about Little lion
? alley .

Oct, 10th: Had a chilly day 1 a sketching the panorama across

the Virgin River in strong colors and rich effects .

"Oat. llth; Descended tc- the Rio Virgin by a winding road
and enjoyed the charing panorama of the Virgin cliffs .

Oct, 13th ^ Fanned down the Rio Virgin to Virgin City
Wonderful Bad Ltoad cliffs of the perm ian. Rode out upon Hurricane
Ledge to the south anci had a fine view hack into Hock Hover * s land#
painted recently by lb ran. Descended to the Vi rgin and camped a
little to the north of Lever ker Greek,

Get, 14th Made sketch of sand hills and ledge , Passed
through Toquervill© and camped on the divide at the head of Ash
Creek « Sketch of rocks and lodge at Be lie View* Sketch of palm
yucca,

Oct* 15th; Rode on to Summit in the face of an Arctic

wind.

Oet * 16th; From Summit through Faro wan to within 12 miles
of Beaver •

Oct, 17-th; to Port Cameron* Took dinner and breakfast with
Major Cous© and Captain

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Oct* 18th; Travelled by jerky to Milford* .

Oct* 19th; To Salt Lake by rail. Spent several days in
Salt Lake City, going out throe days with Prof os cor Gilbert to
male sketches of geological subjects,

Oct * 24th s Take train for home.

•. f ‘ - ' . . . ' ’ ” > f ' . • . 1

Returning to Washington from the Grand Canyon trip with
Captain Dutton, October 89, 1680, I tools up actively writing and
office work of the Hayden Survey, carried forward my studies of -
tht, evolution 01 ornament, utilising especially pottery decoration.

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Took part in antiquity of men investigations. Superintended illus-
trationsand engraving, the preparation of the Dutton^ atlas , manage-
ment of publications and accounts for the Survey. Publications in
hand “were those of Hayden, Goues, Cope, Allen, St. John, Grote,
Hoffman, Yarrow, Packard, Schufeldt, Gray and Hooker, Dutton,

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Scudder , , v Lesquereux; in nearly all cases closing our final pub-
lications of the Hayden Survey of the Territories. The publica-
tion work was very -complex and besides I had charge of the busi-
ness of the Survey generally.

December 18, 1880, received from Dr. Hayden in Philadelphia

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notice of ray appointment to succee d Go ues in charge of th e Su rvey.
Coues, who had been out West for some time, is said to have felt
pretty sore. Continued in charge of this work during January,
February, March, April, May and June, the note book utilised for
this writing closing June 24, 1881.

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CLARENCE EDWARD DUTTON

Soldier and Geologist. Born in Wallingford, Conn.,
May 15, 1841; graduated in arts at Yale 1860; first
Lieutenant and afterward Captain Twenty-first Connecticut
Volunteers 1862; Second lieutenant of Ordnance. -,U. S.
Army, 1863; First Lieutenant 1867; Captain 1873; Major
1890. As an officer of volunteers he was engaged at
Fredericksburg, Norfolk, Cold Harbor, Bermuda Hundred,
and Drury T s Bluff. In 1884 he was elected a member of
the National Academy of Sciences. As an ordnance
officer he has contributed to the literature of gunnery,
and also written on the metallurgy of steel and on
economics, but his more important publications are in
the field of geology. In 1875 he was detailed to

assist the U. S. survey of the Rocky Mountain region,
under Major J. W. Powell; in 1879-80 he was Secretary of
a commission charged with the investigation of problems
connected with the U. S. land system; from 1880 to 1891
he was a member of the U. S. Geological Survey. Among-
his geologic writings are TT Geology of the High Plateaus
of Utah,” (Washington 1880; ”Tertiary History of the
Grand Canon District” (1882); "Hawaiian Volcanoes (1884)
"Mount Taylor and the Luni Plateau" (1886); and "The
Charleston Earthquake of August 31, 1886"(1889).

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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
DIVISION OF THE COLORADO

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fleeces over turret and crest, and sending down curling
flecks of white mist into the nooks and recesses between
towers and buttresses. The next day was rarer still, with
sunshine and storm battling for the mastery. Boiling
masses of cumuli rose up into the blue to incomprehensible

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THE VERMILION CLIFFS. _

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!( Late in the autumn of 1880 I rode along the base of
the Vermilion Cliffs, from Kanab to the Virgen, having the
esteemed companionship of Lor. Holmes. We had spent the
summer and most of the autumn among the cones of the Uin-
karet, in the dreamy parks and forests of the Kaibab, and
in the solitudes of the Intervening desert; and our sen-
sibilities had been somewhat overtasked by the scenery of

the Grand Canon. It seemed to us that all grandeur and

*

beauty thereafter beheld must be mentally projected against
the recollection of those scenes, and be dwarfed into com-
monplace, by fetae compar Isoi^ but as we moved onward the walls
increased in altitude, in animation, and in power. At length
the towers of Short Creek burst into view, and, beyond, the
great cliff in long perspective thrusting out into the desert
plain its gables and spurs. The day was a rare one for this
region. The mild, subtropical autumn was over, and just
giving place to the first approaches of winter. A sullen
storm had been gathering from the southwest, and the first
lain lor many months was falling, mingled with snow. Heavy
clouds rolled up against the battlements, spreading their
fleeces over turret and crest, and sending down curling
flecks ol white mist into the nooks and recesses between
towers and buttresses. The next day was rarer still, with
sunshine and storm battling for the mastery. Rolling
masses of cumuli rose up into the blue to Incomprehensible

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heights, their flanks and summits gleaming with sunlight,
their nether surfaces above the desert as flat as a ceiling,
and showing, not the dull neutral gray of the east, but a
rosy tinge caught from the reflected red of rocks and soil.

As they drifted rapidly against the great barrier, the cur-
rents from below, flung upward to the summits, rolled the
vaporous masses into vast whorls, wrapping them around the
towers and crest-lines, and scattering tern shreds of mist
'along the rock-faces. As the day wore on the sunshine gained
the advantage. From overhead the cloud -masses stubbornly
withdrew, leaving a few broken ranks to maintain a feeble
resistance. But far in the northwest, over the Colob, they
rallied their black forces for a more desperate struggle,
and answered with defiant flashes of lightning the inces-
sant pour of sun- shafts.

Superlative cloud effects, common enough in other coun-
tries, are lamentably infrequent here; but, when they do come
their value is beyond measure. During the long, hot summer
days, when the sun is high, the phenomenal features of the
scenery are robbed of most of their grandeur, and cannot

or do not who 11 y reveal to the observer the realities which

*

render them so instructive and interesting. There are few
middle tones of light and shade . The effects of foreshort-
ening are excessive, almost beyond belief, and produce
the strangest deceptions. Masses which are widely sepa-
rated seem to be superposed or continuous. Lines and

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surfaces, which extend towards us at an acute angle with the
radius of vision, are warped around until they seem to cross
it at a right angle. Grand fronts, which ought to show depth
and varying distance, become flat and are troubled with false
perspective. Proportions which are full of grace and meaning
are distorted and belied. During the midday hours the cliffs
seem to wilt and droop as if retracting their grandeur to
hide it from the merciless radiance of the sun whose very
effulgence flouts them. Even the colors are ruined. The
glaring face of the wall, where the light falls full upon it,

«*

wears a scorched, overbaked, discharged look; and where the
dense black shadows are thrown- -for there are no middle
shades--the magical haze of the desert shines forth with a
weird, metallic glow which has no color in it. But as the
sun declines there comes a revival. The half-tones at length
appear, bringing into relief the component masses; the am-
phitheaters recede into suggestive distances; the salients
silently advance towards us; the distorted lines range them-
selves into true perspective; the deformed curves come back
to their proper sweep; the angles grow clean and sharp; and
the whole cliff arouses from lethargy and erects itself in
grandeur and power, as if conscious of its own majesty. Back
also come the colors, and as the sun is about to sink they
glow with an intense orange-vermilion that seems to be an
intrinsic luster emanating from the rocks themselves. But
the great gala-days of the cliffs are those when sunshine
and storm are waging an even battle; when the massive banks

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of clouds send their white diffuse light into the dark places
and tone down the intense glare of the direct rays; when they
roll over the summits in stately procession, wrapping them
in vapor and revealing cloud- girt masses here and there through
wide rifts. Then the truth appears and all deceptions are
exposed. Their real grandeur, their true forms, and a just
sense of their relations are at last fairly presented, so that

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the mind can grasp them. And they are very grand- -even sub-

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lime. There is no need, as we look upon then, of fancy to
heighten the picture, nor of metaphor to present it. The
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have a definite and abiding one at present.

As we moved northward from 8hort Greek, we had frequent
opportunities to admire these cliffs and buttes, with the
conviction that they were revealed to us in their real
magnitudes and in their true relations. They awakened an
enthusiasm more vivid than we had anticipated, and one which
the recollection of far grander scenes did not dispel. At
length the trail descended into a shallow basin where a low
ledge of sandstones, immediately upon the right, shut them
out from view; but as we mounted the opposite rim a new scene,
grander and more beautiful than before, suddenly broke upon
us. -he ci if i again appeared, presenting the heavy sandstone
member in a sheer wall nearly a thousand feet high, with a
steep talus beneath it of eleven or twelve hundred feet more#
Wide alcoves receded far back into the mass, and in their

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depths the clouds floated, Long, sharp spurs plunged
swiftly down, thrusting their monstrous buttresses into the
plain below, and sending up pinnacles and towers along the
knife edges. But the controlling object was a great butte
which .sprang into view immediately before us, and which the
salient of the wall had higher to masked. Upon a pedestal
two miles long and a thousand feet high, richly decorated
with horizontal moldings, rose four towers highly sugges-
tive of cathedral architecture. Their alittude above the
plain was estimated at about 1,800 feet. They were separated

by vertical clefts made by the enlargement of the joints.

and many smaller clefts extending from the summits to the
pedestal carved the turrets into tapering buttresses, which
gave a graceful aspiring effect with a remarkable definiteness
to the forms. We named it Smithsonian Butte, and it was
decided that a sketch should be made of it; but in a few
moments the plan was abandoned or forgotten. For over a

notch or saddle formed by a low isthi&us which connected the
butte with the principal mesa there sailed slowly and majes-
tically into view, as we rode along, a wonderful object.
Deeply moved, we paused a moment to contemplate it, and then
abandoning the trail we rode rapidly towards the notch,
beyond which it soon sank out of sight. In an hour ff s time
we reached the crest of the isthmus, and in an instant there
flashed before us a scene never to be forgotten. In coming
time it will, I believe, take rank with & very small number

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On the 19th of August 1 left Kanab for the Uinkaret Plateau,

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Reaching Pipe Spring, Lu miles southwest of Kanab, I was rejoiced
to find Mr, William H. Holmes, who had come to join me end co-ope-
rate in the work. Leaving Pipe Spring, we pushed across the desert
to the south we st ward, and in two days more made camp at the base of
Mount Trumbull, on its southwest side. Preparations for a protracted
camp were made and nearly four weeks were occupied in making excur-
sions almost daily to all surrounding parts within one or two days*

march. The Uinkaret Plateau was ^uite thoroughly examined,

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During our stay at Mount Trumbull Mr. Holmes's ma.Tical oencil was
ever busy. Large and elaborate sketches of the panoramas presented
from Mounts Trumbull, Logan, and Emma; of the splendid vista of the
Toroweap Valley, and of the superlative spectacle of the Grand Canon
as seen from Vulcan's Throne, were made in rapid succession.

From the Uinkaret we returned to Kanab and proceeded thence to
the Kaibab . I went there to visit those portions of it which I had
not hitherto seen, and to review portions seen but not appreciated
years before, Mr, Holmes devoted himself to making sketches of the
chasm , Among .them is a panorama of the Canon from Point Sublime.

Tne studies on the Kaibab were of the same general nature as those of

tne Uinkaret, and had their bearing on the geological history and
evolution of the district.

Returrung oc Kanab, Mr. Bodfish and his assistants were sent north
ward to Salt Lake City, with instructions to return at once to Wash-
ington. 1 remained with Mr. Holmes in order to make another journey

along the front of the Vermillion Cliffs, northwestward as far as
the Valley of. the Virgen, and thence south west ward to view the coun-
try in the vicinity of the Hurricane fault, and to the west of it.
Thence we journeyed northward, along the western or dropped side of
the Hurricane fault, and on the 23d of October, we reached Fort Came-
ron, at the toWn of Beaver in Utah* Here the laborers of my immediate
party were discharged, and I returned without delay to Washington.

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along the front of the Vermilion Cliffs, northwestward as far as
the Valley of the Virgen, and thence southwestward to view the
country in the vicinity of the Hurricane fault, and to the west
of it. Thence we journeyed northward, along the western or drop-
ped side of the Hurricane fault, and on the 23d of October, we
reached Fort Cameron, at the town of Beaver in Utah. Here the
laborers of my Immediate party were discharged and I returned

without' delay to Washington.

During the past winter and up to the close of the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1661, I have been occupied in the preparation of
a monograph on the Tertiary History of the Grand Canon District.

The maps have been completed by Mr, Bodfish and Mr. Re ns ha we , the
former having delineated the Kaibab division of the Grand Canon and
the surface topography of the southern part of the Kaibab Plateau,
while the latter has drawn the map of the Uinkaret Plateau. iMr .
Holmes has redrawn the sketches of the Canon and adjoining regions,
and the materials are now in the engraver's hands, as are also the

maps. The manuscript of the monograph, is very nearly completed.

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W. H. H.

Extracts from the

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
J. W. POWELL, DIR EC TOR

Ctn-W-vv .-t t^VKj 'IumcL' RtK 4

TERTIARY HISTORY OF THE GRAND CANON DISTRICT (With Atlas)

By Clarence E. Dutton
Captain of Ordnance U. S. A.

The frontispiece in color and most of the other illus-
trations are by W. H. Holmes.

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"During the summer of 1880 I was so fortunate
as to have the companionship and assistance of Mr. Holmes.
His reputation as a f ield-geologist is already established
by his work in connection with Dr. Hayden’s Survey. But
besides rendering valuable assistance in working out
geological details he made many sketches which he has

reproduced in the pictures of the text and in the panoramas

<

of the Atlas. To praise such work would be superfluous.

But I must call attention to a merit which may not be so
obvious to one who has never seen the region, and this is
the wonderful fidelity with which he portrays rock-charac-
ters.” (Page viii , The Preface, by C. E. Dutton.)

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GENERAL OFFICE, AMERICAN BANK BUILDING

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KAN SAS CITY, MO.

CHICAGO OFFICE

3™ ST.S WENTWORTH AVE.

Kansas City, Mo. , February 23% 191°

Dear Mr. Holmes: -

I observe from the press reports a Bill
for a scenic railroad on the rim at Grand Canj^on is being
pressed in Congress and that same has been referred to the
Secretary of Agriculture for his opinion.

ciate how abhorrent such a proposition would be to every
refined sentiment. If you have any influence with the
Secretary of Agriculture , or with any authority that controls
in this matter, I hope you will feel like exercising it.

You have been to the Canyon and can appre

With cordial remembrances, believe me
Faithfully yours.

Prof. William H. Holmes

Smithsonian Institute

Washington, D a C. 9

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EL TOVAR, GRAND CANYON, ARIZONA
FRED HARVEY

May 8th, 1909.

My dear Kate:

I reached this charming place yesterday noon and
have had one day of interesting exploration of the rim
of the Grand Canon. It is a grand and astonishing
affair and I wish you could he here to see it and to stay
a week or two. The hotel is tastefully placed and
"built, and no better accommodations can he found anywhere.

Today I shall spend with a party of Santa Fe Rail-
road Officials and Forest Service Agents in looking after
a proper location for the Powell monument . Tonight I
am off for Los Angeles, about 24 hours journey.

As grand as all this is I would rather he with you
on the little farm and I shall hurry hack as soon as my
duties will permit.

I had some of the Survey folks with me on the way
out and find plenty of friends here. Lined last night
with Harvey, proprietor of this plant and of the great
system of restaurants of the Santa Fe, and with seven
others.

Hope you are well and well settled in Holmescrof t .

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”1 ha ve come here to see the Grand Canyon of
Arizona, because in that canyon Arizona has a natural
wonder, which, so far as I know, is in kind absolutely
unparalleled throughout the rest of the world. I
shall not attempt to describe it, because I cannot. I

could not choose words that would convey or that could
convey to any outsider what that canyon is. The only
word I can use for it is awful. It filled me with* awe
such as 1 have never before known. It is beyond
comparison; it is beyond descript ion. M

■Copyright by Fred Harvey

U A Gigantic Statement for Even Nature to Make All in One Mighty Stone Word. Wildness So Godful, Cosmic, Prime

Bestows a New Sense of Earth’s Beauty and Size.”- — John Muir

Copyright by Fred Harvey

The Celebrated Jacob’s Ladder on the Bright Angel Trail
The photograph shows how broad and safe are the Grand Canyon trails. There is no danger in the descent

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Memorial Just Erected by the Department of the Interior to Major John

Wesley Powell

It stands on the rim at Sentinel Point. Upon the altar which crowns it will blaze ceremonial fires

CLOSING OF THE YORK OF TH3 HAYDEN SURVEY Off THE TERRITORIES .

1880

After my return from work with Major Dutton in the
Grand Canyon Region, I took up the difficult task of closing
up the unfinished work of the Hayden Survey of the territories
■which was largely financial and editorial. I had especially
the work of putting through the press publications of important

volumes by Cope, Shm*f eldt , Grote, Coues, Hoffman, Soudder,
ILesquereux and Yarrow. I had gone to the Canyon with Dutton
without definite appointment on the Survey and the regular
appointment by Secretary Schurz on December 5, 1.880 was dated
back to my assignment with Major Dutton. Ten thousand dollars
was allowed me for closing up the affairs of the Survey.

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1880, 1881, 1882, 1883

The closing weeks of 1880 and much of the year 1881
were largely employed in the drawing of panoramic views of
the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, the greatest achievement
of my mountain-climbing period* air eady described. Attention
was also given to the preparation of the maps which, associated
with the panoramas, make one of the most conspicuous publica-
tions of the Survey. The panoramic work of this period was
very much admired by Dr. de Hargerie, a French geologist, and
many years later, 1921, he presented me with a splendid panor-
amic view 1 in colors of the Alps, twenty-four feet in length,
which later I turned over to the Geological Survey. Be Margerie
desiring to confer upon me an especial favor, had me made an
honorary member of the French Alpine Club in 1926.

During the year 1880-1881 I had charge of the closing
up of the business affairs of the Hayden Survey which had
been discontinued by Congress in 1879. Field work ms thus

brought to an abrupt olos e, but a number of members of th©

scientific staff were still engaged in completing important
reports on their respective researches during previous years.
It happened that there were about ,-10, GOO available for this
w©r&. These reports had to be finished and put through the
press, and since the wr iters ware scattered over the country
the correspondence required proved quite a burden. Prominent
among the scientists were E. D. Cope, Dr. Elliott CoWes ,

7

0 o

Orestes St. John, 0. 0. Marsh and Dr.^/gO'g Hewb^fy. At the
same time I had a number of my own unfinished papers and
reports to look after, some of which are referred to by
Dr. Powell in his introductions to the reports of 1881 r 1882,
and 1885 of the Bureau of Ethnology. Copies of these notice?
are included herewith.

It is not inappropriate that I should mention here

that in 1885 I courted and married Miss Kate Clifton Osgood,

I

of whom a notice published on the occasion of her death is

{ "h' wh 5 ]

here introduced* he wb ^ a handsome woman, as her portrait

shows ,

and very talented in many directions, art,

fr~y\ | ® ^ i 'i ’ ' '

literature,

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teaching and lecturing* I my note further that at this
particular time I occupied a studio in the Vernon Pew Building
corner of Tenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, always before

me, as I sit at my desk in the Museum, top floor . My view
is up Tenth Street and over the roofs of the sheds of the
country peoples’ market* Tenth Street is the chicken market
and where calves are butchered, one of the vilest spots to be
found in any city, and the country market is of the same dis-
reputable sort. large Government build ings planned this
year, 1926, are expected to occupy this area as soon as they
can be built, and uhe market as a whole Is to go elsewhere*

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HOLMES TOWER, GRAM) CAN YOU OF THE COLORADO

"Further explorations have since been made under
the direction of the United States Geological Survey
while Major Powell was its Director, and as a result Cap-
tain Clarence E. Dutton has published one of the most
interesting monographs ever penned by a specialist. Its
title is "The Tertiary History of the Grand Canyon District
and it is accompanied by a large atlas containing admirable
pictures, etc., of the Grand Canyon region, - from sketches
made by Mr. W. H. Holmes, the accomplished field geologist,
artist, archaeologist, and writer, now in charge of the
Anthropological Department of the United States National
Museum. No praise bestowed upon these gentlemen, for
the fidelity with which they have described this marvellous
rock region, can ever be adequate return for the pleasure
they have afforded those who have enjoyed the fruit of
their labors."

("In and Around the Grand Canyon," by George Wharton James,
p. 35) 1908.

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HOLMES TOWER

Tt To the north and west of Shiva Temple is a massive
square rock-pile which I have named Holmes Tower, after
that most genial and accomplished scientist in so many
branches, Mr* W. H. Holmes* Geology not only owes him
much for his charming drawings, which embellish Captain
Button 1 s canyon report, but archeology and ethnology are
his great debtors, as a cursory survey of the reports of
the Bureau of Ethnology will reveal. And it seems most
appropriate that one of the great canyon monuments, which
stood almost under his eyes as he sat on Point Sublime
making his inimitable drawings, should receive his name.

"West of Confucius Temple is another great butte which
is named Becker Butte, and between this and Holmes Tower,
at the western extension of Shiva Temple, is Russell Butte,
so named after the geologist who traced the beaches of the
prehistoric Lake Lahontan. Beyond Russell Butte, and al-
most due west of Becker, is a square red tower named Gannet
Tower, after the man whose topographical work has made
world-famed the maps of the United States Geological Survey.

( "In and Around the Grand Canyon, tT by George Wharton James,
p. 92. (The Grand Canyon of the Colorado River in
Arizona. )

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I

TRIBUTE TO MEMORY OF MAJ. C. E, DUTTON

Army Officer Who Achieved Distinction in the Field

of Science.

* lit V *■ ' -fl ■

Ma j . Clarence Edward Dutton of the bureau of ordnance,

U. S. A., who died at the home of his son in Englewood, N. J.,

Thursday night, was well known in this city. He was a graduate
of Yale, where he received the degree of A. B. in 1860, at the
age of nineteen years. He served in the civil war, and in 1864
was transferred to the ordnance department of the army. His
scientific studies, which began at the W&terviliet Arsenal,
took two directions -one toward vertebrate paleontology , the
other toward steel.

Assigned to Washington in 3.872 .

About 1872 lie was assigned to this city, where he met
Prci . nenry and Maj. Powell, who increased his interest in

geology and finally secured his detail to the Powell survey in
18 iO. Eg made a special study of the high plateaus of Utah
the Grand Canyon of the Colorado and also of Mount Taylor and

2 »

the Zuni plateau, writing three large monographs of these subjects,
which were published by the geological survey.

Scientific men of Washington, among whom he had many friends,
say they remember best his paper before the Philosophical Society
on the '’Greater Problems of Physical Geology. 1 ' in which he pro**
pounded his theory of isostesy to explain the folding of rocks
and the oscillations of the earth’s crust,

Maj. Dutton early became interested in volcanoes and visited
Hawaii to see volcanoes in action that he might the better under-
stand the extinct or hearly extinct ones of our own great volcanic
field on the Pacific coast'*

The Charleston earthquake in 1886 was the subject of his
special investigation and report for the geological survey . Since
his return to military duty and retirement he has published a most
interesting and comprehensive volume on "Earthquakes in the Light
ol the new Seismology."' His last contribution to Science, "Vol-
canoes ana Radioactivity," was read before the Natural Academy of

Sciences in 1966

3 •

Maj. Dutton was a member of many scientific and other
organizations, including the Philosophical Society of Washington
the American Geographical Society, the Academy of Political and
Social Science , the Geographical Society of America and the

National Academy

of Science „

At the end of five years he was transferred to Prank”
ford Arsenal , Phi lade Iphia , and thense to Washington, Do C®
Being cut off from immediate contact with steel, his thoughts
concentrated upon geology, especially upon the physical side
of the subject* He became a member of the Philosophical
Society of Washington in 1672, and became acquainted with
Professor Henry and Professor Baird, who took great interest
in him* .through the former and Major Powell he was induced
to consent to a detail for duty with the Powell Survey,

beginning May 15, 1675*

PANORAMA OF THE GRAND CANYON

I joined Major Dutton on the survey
of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado on
my return from Europe in 1880, and the
result of my work during the season is
embodied in the Atlas of the Grand Canyon
district, I made the pencil drawing
in three days and this drawing in pen
with a color print over it is reproduced
in the three sections of the Dutton Atlas
of the Grand Canyon district.

MEMOIR OF CLARENCE EDWARD DUTTON
BY J. S. MIXER

Major Clarence Edward Dutton, one of the first seismologists of his
country, widely known for his reports on the Charleston earthquake, the
high plateaus of Utah, and the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, was born
May 15, 1841, at Wallingford, Connecticut, and died January 4, 1912, at
Englewood, N. J. His parents were Samuel and Emily (Curtis) Dutton.
At Ellington, Connecticut, he received his preliminary education, and in
June 1856, entered Yale, where he graduated in 1860 with the degree of
A. B., at the age of nineteen. April 18, 1864, he married Emeline C.
Babcock, of New Haven, Connecticut.

MEMOIR OF CLARENCE EDWARD DUTTON

11

He was appointed adjutant of the Twenty-first Connecticut Volun-
teers in September, 1.862 , and the following year, March 1, promoted to
captaincy. In 1864 lie was transferred to the Ordnance Corps of the
Regular Army, and served through the remainder of the war.. While
assigned to the Watervliet Arsenal in 1865 he began his scientific studies,
which, as lie informed me, took two directions, and both were pursued
with ardor. The first was invertebrate paleontology, under the guidance
of Hall and Whitfield. The second was the study of steel, in cooperation
with Alexander L. Holley, of the Bessemer Steel Works, of Troy.

At the end of five years he was transferred to Frankford Arsenal,
Philadelphia, and thence to Washington, D. C. Being cut off from im-
mediate contact with steel, his thoughts concentrated on geology, espe-
cially on the physical side of the subject. He became a member of the
Philosophical Society of Washington in _1872, a nd met Professor Henry
and Professor Baird, who took great interest in him. Through the
former and Major Powell he was induced to consent to a detail for ..duty
with the Powell Survey, beginning May 15, 1815.

He devoted jnn years to the study of the great plateau region of the
West, and published his results in. the three reports entitled “The Geology
of the High Plateaus of Htah” ( 6 ) / “The Tertiary History of the Grand
Canyon District” (7), and “Mount Taylor and the Zuni Plateau” (16).
The plateau region of the West is remarkable, not only for the simplicity
of its geological phenomena, but also- for the variety and the enormous
scale of the exposures.

Dutton’s general conclusions are summarized in the closing chapter of
the report on Mount Taylor and the Zuni Plateau. Although contrib-
uting much to the geological history of the region, he evidently dwells
with greater pleasure on the physical problems, and remarks, in describ-
ing the facts, that “not a trace of systematic plication has yet been found
there,” referring especially to the Zuni part of the plateau region.

“The terras anticlinal and synclinal have almost dropped out of the vocabu-
lary of the western geologist. The strata are often flexed, but the type of
flexure is the monocline.

“The country at large shows no traces of a widespread, universal horizontal
compression; on the contrary, it discloses the absence of such stress. We
seem here to get nearer to the real nature of the process which has built the
mountains. Shorn of that extreme complexity which confuses and bewilders
us in more highly developed structures, the great central facts and the true
essence of the mechanical processes involved become much clearer. The moun-
tains of, the West have not been produced by horizontal compression, but by
the action of some unknown forces beneath, which have pushed them up.”

1 The numbers in ( ) refer to list at end of this article.

12

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW HAVEN MEETING

tm

The greatest problems of physical geology, according to Dutton (21),
are : First. What is the potential cause of volcanic action ? Second.
What is the cause of elevation and subsidence of restricted areas of the
earth’s surface? Third. What is the cause of the foldings, distortions,
and fractures of the strata?

The first two of these he regarded as being without satisfactory expla-
nation, and for the third he proposesd a solution in elucidating his
theory of isostasy. After having shown that the contractional hypothesis
is quantitatively insufficient and qualitatively inapplicable in explaining
the folding of -the earth’s crust, he presented in a modified form and
greater detail the theory propounded many years ago by Babbage and
Herschel. It was pointed out that the unloading of the land by erosion
and the loading up of the sea floor by deposition resulted in a force which
tends to push the loaded sea bottoms inward upon the unloaded land
horizontally — a force of the precise kind, that is wanted to explain the
origin of systematic plication.

This view of the essentially isostatic condition of the earth, for which
he invented the name isostasy, has been in recent years most ably advo-
cated, and in fact practically demonstrated, by Prof. John F. Hayford. 2

Dutton began the study of the volcanic problems early in his geological
career, and his first papers in the Geological Survey (4) pertained to
volcanic products. In his study of the plateau region he had abundant
opportunity to observe an extensive and profoundly interesting series of
complete and dissected volcanic as well as plutonic masses. In 1882 he
visited the Hawaiian Islands to study Kilauea, Manna Loa, and the other
great volcanoes of that region (12) before beginning his survey of the
great volcanic field of northern California and Oregon, where in 1885 h e
made a special study of Crater Lake and recognized its similarity to the
great calderas of Hawaii (18).

He returned to military duty in September, 1890, and went to Central
America and Lake Nicaragua. Hi^ 189_1 2 while on duty at San Antonio,
Texas, he made frequent excursions to the volcanoes of Mexico.

In 1899 he was recalled to duty in the office of the Chief of Ordnance
in Washington, and on February 7, 1901, at his own request, was retired
from active service.

One of Dutton’s most notable contributions to science recognizes grav-
ity as an essential factor in causing volcanic eruption. He was much

2 The figure of the earth and isostasy. Coast and Geodetic Survey Report, 1909 ; also
supplementary investigations. Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1910, and isostasy,
a rejoinder to the article by Harmon Lewis. Journal of Geology, vol. xx, p. 562. Sept.-
Oct., 1912.

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IQOI

MEMOIR OP CLARENCE EDWARD DUTTON

13

impressed by Richthofen’s order of succession in the eruption of massive
rocks, beginning with propylite, a rock of intermediate composition, and
followed by two series, one a lighter but less fusible acid series ending in
rhyolite, and the other, a heavier though more fusible basic series, ending
in basalt.

By a comparison of the chemical composition, density, fusibility, and
physical aspects of these igneous rocks with one another and the lighter
rocks up through which they were erupted, Dutton was led to the conclu-
sion that “it is the gross weight of the overlying cover of solid rocks
which presses the lava upward through any passage where it can find
vent” (page 131, Geology of High Plateaus), and that the succession is
a double sequence determined by density and fusibility. Concerning the
origin of this view in his own mind, Dutton remarks (footnote, page 131,
Geology of High Plateaus) :

“It was when I was contemplating the great distances traversed by slender
basalt streams in southern Utah that this theory suggested itself to me. I had
no doubt that such lavas must have been ejected at a temperature much more
than sufficient to melt them. This seemed to contrast powerfully with the
habits of trachytic masses. It occurred to me then that this high temperature
might be absolutely essential to the eruption of so dense a rock as basalt,
while a considerably lower one would suffice for lighter rocks. Immediately
the higher melting temperature of the rhyolites and trachytes suggested itself,
and almost as quickly as I write it the theory took form in my mind and the
double function of density and fusibility associated itself with a double se-
quence.”

In a letter October, 1911, he writes :

“The subject of volcanoes and volcanic action had become of paramount in-
terest to me, and I resolved to grapple with the problem. All existing theories
seemed to me insufficient, and I became a confirmed skeptic as to the cause of
volcanic action.

“From 1875Jx> 1885 I continued to labor with the problem, but could only
conclude that the cause was the local accumulation of heat ; yet no reason for
it appeared. For a time it seemed possible that the intrusion of basaltic
masses among the sedimentaries might lead to chemical reactions which would
furnish the necessary heat, as Prof. Reginald A. Daly so ably proposes in his
recent theory of volcanic action. But after long reflection I could not accept
that view, and concluded that as science then stood a solution was impossible,
and it would be necessary to wait until some discovery should put another
face upon the subject.

“A discovery of prime importance — that of radioactivity — was made in 1897.
which seemed to furnish the explanation of the necessary amount of heat near
the earth’s surface.”

His final conclusions on volcanoes and radioactivity were presented to
the Hational Academy of Sciences, April 17, 1906 (26).

14

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW HAVEN MEETING

Dutton made a special study of the Charleston earthquake in 1886 and
devised a new method of ascertaining the depth of the earthquake focus,
and measured with greater accuracy than ever before attained the rate at
which an earthquake wave is propagated. His isoseismal method of com-
puting the depth of focus involves the determination of two critical
points : First, the epicentrum, and, second, a point on a radius from the
epicentrum at which the intensity of shock diminishes most rapidly. A
line drawn around the epicentrum through the points of most rapid
change of intensity Dutton called index circle, and pointed out that the
focal depth is the product of the radius on the index circle multiplied by
the square root of three.

The Charleston earthquake had two foci. The depth of the Wood-
stock focus he computed to be twelve miles and of the Rantowles focus
nearly eight miles. The determination of the index circle, as Dutton
himself recognized, is a matter of difficulty, and the conclusions must be
regarded as only approximate.

Concerning the rate of propagation, he remarks (22, page 211) :

“After a careful study of all discussions of this particular problem, based
upon the observations made in other earthquakes, I have no hesitation in de-
claring my opinion that the result from the Charleston earthquake far out-
weighs them all, and that all preceding determinations of this quantity are
wholly invalid or wide of the mark.”

The average speed of propagation of the Charleston earthquake Dutton
determined from three groups of observations to be 5,184 meters per
second. He devoted much consideration to the nature and mechanism
of the earthquake wave motion.

After his retir emen t, with abundant time at his disposal, his active
mind was much employed in the further study of volcanoes and earth-
quakes. His„ lates t publication on the latter subject is a book entitled
“Earthquakes in the Light of the Hew Seismology,” a most comprehen-
sive, instructive, and useful contribution to popular knowledge. To
quote his own words :

“Chapter_I_ sets forth the nature of an earthquake according to the modern
concepts. It defines the technical terms used in discussion, and describes the
action taking place on the surface of the ground during a quake of great
energy. Ch apter II is a general discussion of the causes of earthquakes. Two
causes are recognized, apparently quite distinct, though possibly they may
have interrelations not yet recognized. The first cause is A-olcanic ; the second
is that force which is presumed to be always active in disturbing the rocks
which form the outer shell of the earth, resulting in the building of moun-
tains, the folding and shearing of the strata, and the elevation and depression

MEMOIR OF CLARENCE EDWARD DUTTON

15

of the earth’s crust. Thus we have two groups of quakes, volcanic and tec-
tonic. They have in many cases distinct characteristics, and these are de-
scribed in chapters III and IV.”

The more important instruments used in seismometry are described in
chap ters Y and VI, and chapter VII discusses the details of seismic
vibratory motion and explains the four kinds of waves with which the
inquiry deals.

A chapter (VIII) is given to the amplitude and period of vibration,
and two chapters (IX and X) to the subject of intensity. The chapter
on the variation of intensity points out the method of computing the
depth of origin of an earthquake wherever observations sufficient in num-
ber and accuracy can be obtained.

“The speed of propagation of seismic vibrations is then treated (XI and
XII)_. No specific problem in connection with earthquakes has been more* dili-
gently investigated, and few are so difficult as this. It is only very recently
that definite results upon this question have been reached. The chief trouble
lias been the great complexity of the waves generated by an earthquake, their
different rates of propagation, and the difficulty of separating one kind from
another. Nor was is known until recently that some kinds of waves are
propagated through the earth-mass, while others go around it.

“Since the speed of propagation depends wholly upon the ratio of elasticity
to density, it becomes an index of those properties in the materials which
compose the earth’s interior. Chapter XIII is given to the discussion of this
aspect of the subject.”

Xfif

The subject of earthquake distribution or seismic geography is treated
in two chapters (XIV an d XV ), and the final chapter (XVI) is devoted
to seaquakes.

As an observer, Dutton was quick to grasp the comprehensive, though
not overlooking details, and in the field gave most of his attention to the
greater problems. As he puts it (Sixth Ann. Rept., page 198) :

“I am fond of viewing the facts observed in the field in their relation to
broader and more general facts, and of marshaling them into their proper
places.”

His method of work in preparing his reports was determined largely
by his strong imagination. He made but little use of field notes except-
ing for figures. Shutting out all other matters from his mind, even to
the neglect of personal correspondence, and without preparing a written
plan or preliminary draft, he read much and discussed with his col-
leagues. He held the subject wholly in mind until his problems were
solved and results fully attained before beginning to write; but when
ready he penned all his own manuscripts rapidly under the stimulus of

16

PROCEEDINGS OE THE NEW HAVEN MEETING

an enthusiasm begotten by a consciousness of his comprehensive and com-
plete knowledge of the subject.

Macaulay was his favorite author, and doubtless had much influence in
forming Dutton’s style, which is perhaps best exemplified in his “Ter-
tiary History of the Grand Canyon District,” where he remarks (page
viii) :

“I have in many places departed from the severe ascetic style which has
become conventional in scientific monographs. Perhaps no apology is called
for. Under ordinary circumstances the ascetic discipline is necessary. Give
the imagination an inch and it is apt to take an ell, and the fundamental re-
quirement of scientific method — accuracy of statement — is imperiled. But in
the Grand Canyon district there is no such danger. The stimulants which are
demoralizing elsewhere are necessary here to exalt the mind sufficiently to
comprehend the sublimity of the subjects. Their sublimity has in fact been
hitherto underrated. Great as is the fame of the Grand Canyon of the Colo-
rado, the half remains untold.”

For years he smoked vigorously at his work, but in later life he de-
sisted. At one time he became greatly interested in the matter of
stamps and was employed by the Government to make its Centennial
stamp collection.

He gave much attention to the Far Eastern question, and for amuse-
ment during the leisure hours of later years he wrote a book on China,
but it did not reach publication.

His mind, well filled with readily available knowledge on many sub-
jects, gave him unusual power as a conversationalist, and he was fond of
discussion, especially with his compeers, G. K. Gilbert and W. J. Powell,
the other members of a devoted trio, of whom in acknowledgment he
generously remarked, “If I paid them their intellectual dues I would be
bankrupt.”

Though somewhat austere, Dutton had many friends. He was a kind,
lovable, generous man, with high ideals and an intense hatred of shams.
His last message was: “Farewell to my old friends on the Geological
Survey.”

It is said “he knew the end was at hand, and he met it calmly like the
philosopher he was. Apparently he just fell asleep.”

He died January 4, 1912, of arterio-sclerosis, at the home of his son, in
Englewood, Hew Jersey. His wife, Emeline C. Dutton, still resides at
the same place, but his son, Clarence E. Dutton, is now at Edgartown,
Massachusetts.

Major Dutton was a member of many scientific and other organiza-
tions, among which may be mentioned the Philosophical Society of Wash-

MEMOIR OF CLARENCE EDWARD DUTTON

17

ington, the American Geographical Society, the Academy of Political
and Social Science, the Geological Society of America, the Seismological
Society of America, and the National Academy of Sciences.

In his writings Major Dutton had a most vigorous and impressive
style. His choice of words is of the best — euphonious, simple, but full of
force and interest. His phraseology is direct, winning the attention of
the reader and holding it throughout. He may be justly considered one
of the best writers of popular geological science of his day.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAJOR DUTTON’S MOST IMPORTANT GEOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS

1. The cause of regional elevations and subsidences. Am. Phil. Soc. Proc.,
vol. 12, 1873, pp. 70-72.

/ 2. A criticism upon the contractional hypothesis. Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol.
viii, Aug., 1874, pp. 113-123.

3. Critical observations on theories of the earth’s physical evolution. The

Penn. Monthly, May and June, 1S70. (Reviewed in Am. Jour. Sci.,
3d ser., vol. xii, pp. 142-145'.)

4. Report on the lithologic characters of the Henry Mountain intrusives, in

G. K. Gilbert’s report on the geology of the Henry Mountains, 1877,
pp. 61-65.

5. On the Permian formation of North America. Abstract, Wash. Soc. Bull..

vol. 3, 1880, pp. 67-68.

•'—* 6. Geology of the high plateaus of Utah. 1880. United States Geographical
and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain region. J. W. Powell
in charge. 307 pp. and atlas. __

pT 7. Tertiary history of the Grand Canyon district. U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 2,
1882, 264 pp.

8. Physics of the earth’s crust, by Rev. Osmond Fisher. Am. Jour. Sci., 3d

ser., vol. xxiii, pp. 283-290.

9. The physical geology of the Grand Canyon district. U. S. Geol. Survey,

2d Ann. Rept, 1880-1881, 1882, pp. 47-166,

10. Recent explorations of the volcanic phenomena of the Hawaiian Islands.

Letter to J. D. Dana, dated Washington, D. C.,' Feb. 8, 1883. Am .
Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. xxv, pp. 219-226.

11. Petrographic notes on the volcanic rocks collected by W. H. Holmes in the

Yellowstone National Park. United States Geological and Geograph-
ical Surveys of the Territories. F. V. Hayden in charge. 12th Ann.
Rept. (for 1878), part 2, pp. 57-62. Washington, 1883.

12. Hawaiian volcanoes. U. S. Geol, Survey, 4tli Ann. Rept., 1882-1883, 1884,

pp. 75-219.

13. The effect of a warmer climate upon glaciers. Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol.

xxvii, 1884, pp. 1-18.

14. The volcanic problem stated. Abstract in Bull. Phil. Soc. of Washington,

vol. vi, 1884, pp. 87-92.

15. The volcanoes and lava fields of New Mexico (abstract). Wash. Phil. Soc,

Bull., vol. 7, 1885, pp. 76-79.

18

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW HAVEN MEETING

16. Mount Taylor and the Zuni plateau. U. S. Geol. Survey, 6th Ann. Rept.,

1884-1885, 1885, pp. 106-198.

17. The latest volcanic eruption in the United States. Science, vol. 6, 1885, pp.

46-47.

18. Crater Lake, Oregon, a proposed national reservation. Science, vol. 7,

1886, pp. 179-182.

19. The submerged trees of Columbia River. Science, vol. 9, 1887, pp. 82-84.

20. On the geologic nomenclature in general and the classification nomencla-

ture and distinctive characteristics of the pre-Cambrian formation
and the origin of serpentine. International Cong. Geol., Am. Com-
mittee Reports, 1888. A, 1888, pp. 71-73.

21. On some of the greater problems of physical geology. Phil. Soc. of Wash-

ington Bull., vol. xi, pp. 51-64 and p. 537. Read April 27, 1889.

22. The Charleston earthquake of August 31, 1886. U. S. Geol. Survey, 9th

Ann. Rept., 1887-1888, 1889, pp. 203-528.

23. Atlantic and Pacific Railroad. Macfarlane’s Geol. Railway Guide, 2d ed.,

1890, p. 323.

24. The crystalline rocks of northern California and southern Oregon. Congres

Geol. International, Compte Rendu, 4th sess., pp. 176-179. London,

1891.

25. Earthquakes in the light of the new seismology, 1904, pp. 314. G. P. Put-

nam’s Sons, New York.

26. Volcanoes and radioactivity. (Read before the National Academy of Sci-

ences, April 17, 1906.) Pamphlet, 12 pages; published by the Engle-
wood Times, Englewood, N. J., for the author; also Jour. Geol., vol.
xiv, pp. 259-268, and Pop. Science Monthly, vol. 68, pp. 530-543. June,
1906.

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VOLUME V

SECTION III ? 1884 Trip to Mexico with Mr. and Mrs.

Chain and W. H. Jackson, photogra-
phers .

IHust rat ions .

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TRIP TO MEXICO

UOUL-iL. C t Ui] ’ \ ./■ *■ '- (■ * rv\_

1884

In April, 1884, the monotony of home-staying and
office work were broken by a trip to Mexico as the guest of
Mr. and Mrs. Chain who had the privilege of using a special
car, which, with W. H. Jackson, photographer, we took at fV -A
El Paso, Texas. The Chains also were photographers, and
Mrs. Chain was a painter in oil oolors.

It was a delightful excursion of two months, with
visits to Mexico City, Puebla, Zacetecas, Chihuahua, Oaxaca,
Texcoco, Cholula and other places of note, and gave me the
opportunity of studying peoples, museums, ancient ruins and

the great mountains. The photographs herewith will give a good

a,

idea of the car, its accommodations and the occupants,

I had the opportunity of studying the present arts of
the people, gave attention especially to pottery making and
looted into the fabrication of imitations of old time wares.

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LEGACION MEXICANA,
WASHINGTON, D.C.

PEjSTCEK F. BAIRD,

SECRETARY,

9

CHURCH Off THK GUADELOUPE, MEXICO

(.fixtraot from a letter to Mrs, Holmes)

^

kt two o* clock Jackson and I set out for the Ohurch
of Guadeloupe which lies on the north side of the valley
against the foot-hills a mile or two from the city. We took
the street cars up to the Grand Plaza thence by another line
out across the flat fields to the north. It was a charming
ride. The street cars here are well managed. The cars them-
selves are shipped from Hew York or some other northern city

in our purest Castilian if this were the car for Guadeloupe
and were answered ”Si, Senor. ,T We rattled along at a break-
neck pace drawn by two mules, first down a picturesque street
with old palaces and churches on all hands with markets and

pulque shops and all sorts of stores open. The streets were

lined with people — some dressed in our own fashion, but
nearly all in the simple costume of the country. The poorer
nearly all are poor — looking awfully like Indians, the
which they really are, and hardly less rough, dirty and
pitiful than the wildest pai-ute. They are sitting on the
side walks, in the streets and in the gutter, talking, pre-
paring the rude tortillas or cakes or selling some small
articles to the passerby. They grind their corn on a big
’’metate ' 1 like the pueblo Indians, knead their dough and bake
the greasy garlicky mess right Yrtiere they sit. The men wear

a shirt, a broad straw hat and loose pants of white muslin.

and the tracks are extremely well

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Flocks of them go along carrying

huge loads like this
poor little starved
donkeys with loads
big enough for
wagons, like this;

or drive

An Azteo Donkey

and more interesting than all, the professional water carriers
trot along from the fountains to their
patrons looking like this -- one
great canteen upon the back and a
big pitcher in front. The straps
across the head. You can imagine
how fine they are. The women are
not so good. They are squaws in
calico — what little they have of
it. Most of them are so — with' a
baby —

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The babies may have clothes on or they may not -- ad lib.

But I must go on to Guadeloupe. We passed out into

the country with green fields and trees and dirty canals. At

the end of a long avenue we could see the Church with four

steeples and a dome -- all of a rich and ornate character.

Behind the church on a high hill was a little chapel, just like

many old Italian examples. We passed around behind the church

and by a curious zigzag stone stairway climbed up to the chapel.

Prom the front door we could look down upon the steeples, domes

and flat roof of the great church and out over them, across the

plain, to the city and the lakes and the mountains beyond. We

gr eat

were unfortunately amble to see the /Popocatepetl on account of
the mists. It was hard to realize that this was the famed
valley of Mexico where the Aztecs and Toltecs built their
teocallib and sacrificed their human victims, where Cortez
came and conquered, where Scott and Taylor fought and won and
where poor Maximill ian suffered death - Well I

Mexico, o/29, 1886.

W. R. Holmes,

Smi thsonian .

Dear Mr. Holmes:

I have said "yes" to Prof. Baird’s proposition but
cannot cross the Rio Grande until May 10th or 11th. Father
Fischer is very much out of humor because 1 offered to take
5125C. 00 but I would rather get that from the Smithsonian
than hold on the hopes of getting twice that sum from pri-
vate party, later.

Thanks for the Science and your article on the
Monoliths of Teotihuacan. I took a quiet pleasure in show-
ing Barcena and Sandrez how they had permitted a disciple
of "original research" to have the honor of throwing some

1 1

clear light on the fainting stone" question. After
reading your article no sensible man will have any doubts
on the matter. I was out to the Pyramids last week, to
see what Batres is doing. He is a fraud - has done noth-
ing but manage to get himself interviewed about twice
a week. He is not only a fraud but a swindler. The only
rock crystal skull of any value is the one I got in the
Fischer Collection. Well, Frenchman named Boban - who
has a private museum, here - and is a member of various
French Societies and seems to be very intelligent, al-

though not honest, brought from Germany a glass skull made
to imitate rock crystal. Batres pursua.de d him into a part-
nership to defraud the National Museum, by selling it as
genuine rock crystal from ^rizaba for $3,000. Sanchez
was on the point of buying it but first had Dr. Kaska ex-
amine it who at once pronounced it glass and the two busy
B’s are under a cloud. Ad ban has closed his museum and will
remove it to New York, soon. Look out for him! He hopes
to se^l a great many tilings to the Smithsonian. H e has
some valuable antiquities but his ownership of them gives
them a suspicious character. He has for example a magnifi-
cent collection of the immense iron stirrups used by the
Conquerors .

Father Fischer thinks you are a little too sweep-
ing in your condemnation of the black ware. I stumbled
upon the factory at Teotihuacan where the modern stuff
is made. But Fischer says that this art is handed down
in certain families from father to son for generations
and that the makers themselves cannot tell a piece
5C years old from one 300 years old, as all re made pre-
cisely alike.

Bill you send Father Fischer a copy of your
Monoliths? He has read mine and is greatly pleased with
it. He also asks to be remembered with the publications

of the Bureau of Ethnology if it can be done. He borrows
mine to read and hates to return them. He is one of the
most 'learned men in Mexico and can make good use of his
books.

Yours as ever.

/s/ W. W. Blake

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The year 1884, after my return from Mexico, and the
succeeding year, 1885, passed without any particular thrill
or event of importance other than the current expositions.
The work of exploration and preparation of reports and of
special papers was kept up and carried forward as usual, as
briefly indicated in the extracts from the annual reports of
the Bureau, copies of which are enclosed herewith. All may

be found in extenso in the reports of these years, and in

♦ .

certain other publications.

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VOLUME V

-87 In Rooky Mountains with

Langley and Powell. Adven-
tures and Disaster.

Ancient Ruins.

The Mother Squirrel and the Snake.

The Bear Story.

Remarkable Scenery.

Arr'i-t'-tl

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AIG BIOLOGY A HD ADVEBPUKE I-T PHS JjgttEg MQUHlTAIffS , SEW USX ICO

!j^ ctJ-

1886-7, 1887*8

i

The closing months of 1386 and the first six months
of 1887 wsr8 devoted to the continuation of the archeologic
and other work begun in preceding years, utilizing such por-
tions of my time as were not absorbed in work, pertaining to the
U. S. Geological Survey. A paper on the antiquities of Chiriqui
and one on textile art in its relation to form and ornament,
prepared for the Sixth Annual report, were completed and proofs
were read* During the year work was begun upon a review of the
ceramic art of Mexico* A special paper, with twenty illustra-
tions, on a remarkable group of spurious antiquities belonging
to that country, was prepared and turned over to the Smithsonian
Institution for publication* In addition, a preliminary study
of the prehistoric textile fabrics of Peru was begun, and a short
paper with numerous illustrations was written. As in former
years, I superintended the preparation of drawings and engravings
for the Bureau publications* The number of illustrations pre-
pared during the year amounted to 660.

\%%7

Early in August I had the good fortune to loin a party
of Smithsonian and other folks for a period of study of the
tribes and ancient ruins of New Mexico and Arizona* In the
party were P. Langley, Secretary of the Institution, Major
Powell, Director of the Geological Survey and Bureau of American

ethnology , James Stevenson, Powell’s right-hand mao, Victor
Mindeleff, young Mr* B lack, Mr. tarmac, Po?/ell's secretary,
and myself. The party established a permanent camp in Sac
Diego Valley or Canyon, a tributary of the Bio Grande, Hew
Mexico, fifty miles west of Santa ]?e, with the village of
Jeaez near by and the Jemez Mountains rising on the west. The
members of the party were soon separated for carrying out their
respective researches.

I had the pleasure of examining fifteen important
ruined pueblos and village sites. They correspond closely in type
to those previously examined farther north and bear evidence
in most cases of pre-Spanish occupation. Besides the larger
village ruins there are a multitude of minor ones, small houses
and lodges of stone, scattered through the forests. I had
previously carried my investigations of the ruins of Colorado
and Mew Mexico as far south as Abiquiu, which village lies at
the northern end of the group of mountains in which the Bio
Jemez takes its rise. My work of this year, therefore, enabled
me to connect the studies of the northern localities with those
of the south, in which the numerous modern pueblos are situated.
The chain of observations thus secured we expected to be of value
in the study of the art products of the vast region formerly oc-
cupied by town-building tribes.

Particular attention was given to an examination of the
ceramic remains. These constitute one of the most important
means of developing the history of the pre-Columbian inhabitants

and a large series of specimens was forwarded to the National
Museum. (pages XXIX - XXX. )

'

Two interesting episodes of the work of the year
in the Jemez region are recorded in letters to Mrs. Holmes:

I

TEE BEAR STOBY

For a long way I rode up over an ancient village,
then up sharp ridges among the timber until I came to a flat-
tish timbered shelf that lies along the base of the final as-
cent. Here at the elevation of about 1000 feet above camp I
found many small ruins and some pottery. The final step of the
plateau consists first of a steep slope up which I had to lead
my mule zig-zagging back and forth over the rocks and slides.
This slope ends against the base of the capping cliff which is
in the main nearly vertical and from 100 to 300 feet high. It
extends so for many miles. I hitched my mule on a little shelf
at the base of this cliff and began to look for a place reduced
or broken down sufficiently to let me climb it.

As I skirted the base of the cliff to the right I hap-
pened to look down the steep slope below and there, about 40
feet away, was a grizzly bear. He was nosing along and did not
see me but he was going right toward my mule and I concluded
very Quickly that that would not do for by going 20 feet further
he would give my mule such a fright that he would break loose
and rush down the mountain. I had no gun or pistol so I shouted
"Boo , hoo," at him. He glanced up quickly and saw me, and made
a spring away from me, facing down the steep slope. At this
moment I picked up a big stone and sent it after him, flying.

The result was too funny for anything. The mountain was very

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steep for a long distance below and covered with loose stones
and scattering trees. Down this slope the hear plunged and the
big stone and many other loosened stones after him, rattle, bang,
crash, until the cliffs re-echoed the uproar. I never saw a
beast made such time and the stones were more rapid than he and
made enormous leaps until they caught up with him and both,
with many added stones, went out of sight together down into
a rocky gorge nearly half a mile below me. It was a laughable
termination of the incident, but a good riddance of an ugly
customer .

I soon reached the top of the cliff by a very ticklish
trail, pulling myself up by little notches in the rocks, and
the gooseberry bushes that gro w in the crevices. I had a broad
view of the valley and the surrounding mountains, made a sketch
and cut my initials and the date in the rock that forms the ex-
treme point of a projecting cape of the plateau and then, on ac-
count of a thinder storm which suddenly broke across the plateau
I hurried down to my mule. In the rain I pulled my mule by
main force down the steep mountain nearly all the way to camp.

Taking a different course from the ascent I encountered
a cliff midway in the slope and had a hard time, going back
again and taking another spur and getting into camp late, wet
and tired. The boys were quite excited that a bear should be
so near and wanted to go on a hunt.

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; m. SWUlERaL A HP MUkf f-TOBY

Ih© monotony of ca mp life was broken yesterday evening,
August 22, by a little episode which may be of interest to you*

I crossed the creek to take a short stroll in the woods that
border the valley on that side* Presently I noticed what T sup-
posed to be two squirrels fighting or quarreling in a tree some
thirty fe8t above the ground* The chattering was spasmodic and
seemingly agonizing. In the top of the tree was a nest, fur-
prised at the extraordinary activity displayed I stopped to look
and soon concluded it was not two squirrels but one squirrel
fighting some other creature - perhaps a snake. In order to
settle the matter I went back to camp and got my field glasses
and pistol. With the aid of the glasses I soon discovered a
large snake coiled up on a large branch near where it joined the
trunk, some twenty-five feet above the ground. The squirrel
was fighting for her young. I watched her vain attempts to dis-
lodge the snake. She would spring from above so as to graze the

C]rVLl of<Xw.

reptile as she descended, turning gfcs&i aalriy aside Just in time
to avoid the serpent’s thrust with open mouth, falling off among
the branches below and scrambling up again to renew the attack.
Again she would run along the branch, chattering until within a
foot of the reflexed head of the snake where she would spring
back and forth threatening to Jump, but always passing to one
side fearing to be caught, yet hoping always to throw the ser-
pent off hie balance and get rid of him.

(

-Chen she had exhausted every possible means of driving
him off, she suddenly turned about, ran up to the nest above
and seized a young one in her mouth and running down past the
snake on the opposite side of the tree, made her way into a
neighboring tree. She was chattering all the time and fumbling
and fondling the young one. She was not satisfied but kept
coming back and I soon found out why — I shot the snake and he
oame tumbling down, and as I reached him I was startled by
what I saw — the snake had two legs, a new feature in snaked ora
and I felt myself on the verge of a great discovery. The mystery
was soon explained, however. A young squirrel had been swallowed
and two of its legs were protruding from the bullet holes on the
opposite side of the snake’s body. The distress of the mother
squirrel was pathetic, and after depositing the young one in the
neighboring &ak, she came back again and again looking for the
lost one.

The motherly care of the squirrel for her young, and
the human-like intelligence which led her, when she realized
that her most strenuous efforts were in vain, to turn about and
save the other babe, carrying it dovm the opposite side of the
tree to make sure of saving it from the fangs of the serpent were
wonderful.

I carried the snake to camp where it was an object of
much interest and later I made a sketch of the battle in the
tree. I shot three times - each shot taking effect - the last
one, tearing the beast’s head all to pieces, brought him down.

THE EBP OF THE YEAH ) So (

My letters home recite the many interesting events
occurring from day to day in our camp life and our explora-
tions among the ruins, the Indian pueblos and the rugged
mountains and charming valleys, but my season’s work came to
a sudden close. About the end of September I joined Major
Powell in a mountain excursion and one afternoon, descending
on horseback from a high peak, I had the misfortune to suffer
a serious injury. The Major rode a large, free-going horse
and I rode a pony, convenient for mounting and dismounting
in the gathering of specimens and the m.aking of sketches. This
pony had a gait, when on good roads, as comfortable as a rocking
chair, but he had stiff forelegs and coming down the mountain
trail, trying to keep up with Powell, I suffered from the con-
stant jar and by the time we reached camp my back was broken,
or near-abouts, and I became c[uite helpless. The injury was so
serious that Stevenson constructed a litter of long poles on
which, with a mule attached, I was placed and drawn out to the
railway and sent home. Mrs. Stevenson aided materially in caring
for me, and in due course I arrived safely in Washington,

The only correspondence or note I have of this episode
is a brief letter from Colonel Stevenson written in answer to a
letter from Mrs. Holmes thanking him for his care of me. This
letter is as follows:

\

LETTER PROM JAMES STEVENSOH ABOUT MY DISASTER

Bernalillo, N. M.

October 9, 1887

Dear Mrs. Holmes:

If you will excuse the note paper I am using, I
will drop you a line to acknowledge the receipt of your
kind letter of thanks to Mrs. Stevenson and myself for the
little we did for your husband while ill in camp. Mrs.
Stevenson did all she could under the circumstances. Mr.
Holmes was a very ill man and when I constructed a machine
to drag him out of the mountains, I had but little hopes
of getting him in safety to the railroad. I am glad,
however, to learn that he has reached you in as good a
condition as he has.

I am here to assist Professor Langley home. He
left for the East at 2 this A.M. Mrs. Stevenson and I
will remain out considerably later to work among some of
the Pueblo.

Please present Mr. Holmes our best wishes and
gratification that he is at home.

With great sincerity from Mrs. Stevenson and my-

self, I am

Truly yours,

/si JAS. STEVENS OB.

,

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'Photograph by S. it. Young, 1909

‘ 1 ' RAINBOW BRIDGE FBOM DOWN STREAM

Ihis first view of the Arch from its west side shows it in its most gracious and beautiful proportions. It is of red sandstom
spanning 278 feet. Its apex rises 309 feet above its base. The Flatiron Building, New York City

with three stories added, could stand beneath it.

(

National Parks Bulletin

THEIR “INCOMPARABLE SCENIC GRANDEUR

“ Areas Whose Principal Qualification is Adaptability for Recreation

are Not of National Park Calibre”

By Stephen T. Mather
Director of the National Park Service

T HE national park system of the United States is
unique both in its scenic exhibits and in the ex-
ceedingly high standards by which each candidate for
admission to the system is judged. As now constituted,
it is made up of areas of incomparable scenic grandeur.
Each of the major national parks was selected for park-
hood because of some distinctive feature, either scenic or
prehistoric, which is of national importance and interest.
Under the policy governing the establishment of national
parks, only one area of a particular type is considered
for inclusion in the system, and each' area selected must
represent the highest example of its particular type.

“Requirements Are Exacting”

The scenic supremacy of an area alone is not sufficient
to gain it admission into the national park system. It
must also be susceptible of whatever development is
necessary to make it available for use by the millions of
park visitors who may care to use it, without injuring
in any way the extraordinary natural features which,
under the expressed command of Congress, the National
Park Service is to preserve “unimpaired for the enjoy-
ment of future generations.”

Areas whose principal qualification is adaptability for
recreational uses are not, of course, of national park
caliber.

Proposed parks are measured by the standards set by
the major national parks of the system; hence the re-
quirements are exacting. As long as these standards
shall prevail there is no danger of too many national
parks being established, or of the excellence of the pres-
ent system being lowered.

A STATE PARK, INSTEAD

North Dakota Offers an Example which can
Profitably be Followed in the East

T HROUGH promotion of the State Park Conference,
the area in North Dakota proposed for the Roose-
velt Memorial National Park is likely to be made a
State. Park instead. One of the most vividly colored
examples of the Bad Lands, highly scenic, possessed of
unusual recreational values, nevertheless it lacks the
quality of supreme beauty required by National Park
standards; and several years of persistent effort on the
part of its promoters have occasioned much worry to de-
fenders of the National Parks System, who feared that
its creation as a national park would tend to break
down protective barriers.

Public Sentiment Backing State Parks

According to “State Recreation,” Governor Sorlie
will investigate the possibilities of acquiring the area
for a state park, toward which local sentiment is rapidly
turning. This wholesome solution was largely helped by
the example of South Dakota in creating Custer State
Park in the scenically finest area of the Black Hills.
The conference with Governor Sorlie, says the organ of

the State Park Conference, “was arranged by Mr. E,
Danielson, of Minot, President of the Greater Noi
Dakota Association, and by Mr. James C. Milloy,
Fargo, Secretary of the same association. Others |
took part were Professor 0. G. Libby, Secretary of I
North Dakota Historical Society of Grand Porks, a
the Field Secretary of the National Conference on St
Parks. Congressman J. H. Sinclair, representing t
district including the Bad Lands, who has present
bills in Congress for a National Park, also was presi
at later discussions.

“Governor Sorlie agreed to appoint a committee
act for the State, and Congressman Sinclair promt
his aid in Washington, looking to transfer of the rema:
ing Federal lands to a State preserve.”

Good Example for the East

North Dakota’s example may well be followed by pi
moters of eastern national park projects, almost eve;
one of which falls short of the incomparable scei
grandeur and other standards of the National Pat
System. It is the opinion of many that a State park'
distinction serves its State better than a national pai
for whose lack of the necessary special standards 1
country is obliged always to apologize.

Besides, the day of the State Park has dawned. Stal
are ranking today by their number, size and important

A NATIONAL PARK CREED

By John C. Merriam

President Carnegie Institution of Washington

W hile the National Parks serve in an important
sense as recreation areas, their primary uses extend
far into that fundamental education which concerns
real appreciation of nature. Here beauty in its
truest sense receives expression and exerts its in-
fluence along with recreation and formal educa-
tion. To me the parks are not merely places to
rest and exercise and learn. They are regions
where one looks through the veil to meet the reali-
ties of nature and of the unfathomable power
behind it.

I cannot say what worship) really is — nor am I
sure that others will do better — but often in tht
parks, I remember Bryank’s lines, “Why should
we, in the world ’s riper years, neglect God ’s ancienit
sanctuaries, and adore only among the crowd, anil
under roofs that our frail hands have raised?!
National Parks represent opportunities for wor-
ship through which one comes to understand morj
fully certain of the attributes of nature and ill
Creator. They are not objects to be worshipped
but they are altars over which we may worship.

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

UNDER DIRECTION OF

THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

WASHINGTON

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VOLUME V

SECTION

Appointment on Chicago University Staff. 1892

Work on Chicago Exposition* 1892-95

1894 Acceptance of Curatorship in the Field
Museum, and farewell to Washington.

Banquet and Loving Cup.

OP THE PRESIDENT

SJntbnsitj) of atijtcagci

FOUNDED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER

Chicago, September 22nd, 18 94

Dear Sir:*

I send you a programme of the exercises of the University

during the Convocation Week of the Autumn Quarter, and add a cor-

dial invitation to attend them. This invitation applies very

especially to the University Convocation at which I trust you will

find it possible to be present and to join the University FacuLty

in procession and on the platform. The exercises will be held

/a

in the University Quadrangle, Qctdber first, at o'clock. The

Convocation Procession will form at -h alf past three in the Walker
Mu seum •

Yours sincerely

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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

WASHINGTON, D. C,,

June 8, 1894

My dear Sir:

Your communication of the 20th ultimo tendering your res-
ignation as Archeologist of the Bureau of American Ethnology, to
take effect May 30, duly reached this office, but circumstances
with which you are acquainted prevented earlier response.

In accepting your resignation I desire to express high ap-
preciation of your eminent services to the science of anthropol-
ogy and to this bureau. Through your genius and enthusiasm

American archeology has been revolutionized and thereby the sci-
ence of anthropology has been greatly enriched. I greatly

regret the severance of your connection with this bureau; but
\

my regret is mingled with satisfaction growing out of the rec-
ognition of your abilities. I congratulate the Field Colum-
bian Museum on the selection of so able an anthropologist as the
head of that department, and prediot for it a splendid career
under your administration. Believe me to remain, with

warm wishes for your health, happiness and success

Yours cordially

Professor W. H. HOMES,
Field Columbian Museum
Chicago, Illinois

Director.

EPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY

T. C. CHAMBERLIN
Head Professor of Geology

R. D. SALISBURY
Professor of Geographic Geology
J. P. IDDINGS

Associate Professor of Petrology

R, A. F. PENROSE, JR,
associate Professor of Ecor\orriic Geology

C. R. VAN HISE

^resident Professor of Pre-Cambrian Geology
C. D. WALCOTT

resident Professor of Paleontologic Geology
W. H. HOLMES

resident Professor of Archeologic Geology

J\\e UfWERSir/ of CHic/\gq

Founded by JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER

WILLIAM R. HARPER, President

Chicago April m, 1894.

My dear Professor Holmes: -

I am in the receipt of your letter
of April 17th, and thank you for it all. Mr. Skiff is out again,
his attack having been sharp and short. I saw him yesterday, and
he mentioned some photographs of statues yox^ had recently sent him
and spoke very cordially of what you were doing. He said it is
the under standing that you are to get here about the middle of May.
I judge that he did not suppose that any further orders were requi-
site. Of course I touch the matter only incidentally and ma«e
no suggestion. The fact came out of the eonver sat ion , however,
that neither the President, any of the Vice-Presidents, nor any
member of the executive committee of the board of trustees .irb in
the city. Formal action is, of course, impossible under these
circumstances. Mr. Ayer is still in Europe, and I understand may
not be here until toward the last of May. I think, however, this

is not bssed on any definite information. I think it would be

wisest for you to come right along on the understanding had.

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might be well to write Mr* Skiff reporting your plans so that all
will fee a matter of record. What about BoazV

Your coming lias been announced in the papers as indicated
by the enclosed slip.

Professor W, H. Holmes,

Bureau of Ethnology.

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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

WASHINGTON,

June 9, 1894.

Professor W. H. Holmes,

Field Columbian Museum,

Chi cago , Illinois.

Dear Professor Holmes:

Your recent note is at hand. It is a pleasure

to know that your work is well under way. 1 was sorry not to

be able to attend your formal opening, which, judging from press

accounts, gives a good promise for the future.

The Major has returned and is now domiciled on this side

of the street and so far recovered as to be at work. I have

pretty well concluded to publish your pottery paper by itself

as volume viii of Contributions, putting the trephining paper

in an annual, which can be done if the photographs are reduced

«

a quarter or a third.

We all miss you. Your banquet reached the highwater
mark of good feeling and enthusiasm; a week ago Saturday Riley* s
friends joined in a farewell dinner in honor of his relief from
administrative work, but, while the affair was pleasant, the flow
of soul was much less free than at Willard's when you were the
lion.

Yours cordially,

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MY APPOIimEM TO THE CHICAGO POSITION

"Chicago, 111., Oct, 27th, 1894

"Dr. W. H. Holmes,

Curator o f An thropology,

Field Columbian Museum,

"Dear Sir

"In conformance with the instructions of the
ISKecutive Committee, I hereby confirm your engagement as
Curator of the Department of Anthropology at a salary of
Three Hundred Thirty- three and 32/100 Dollars (.|333.32)
per month, with the understanding and agreement that if the
Museum desires to dispense with your services, such dismis-
sal can only take place upon three months notice thereof, and
on the other hand that if you desire to discontinue your
services with and for the Museum, you shall give to the
Museum three months notice of such intention.

"Please attach your approval to the duplicate
letter herewith enclosed as an indication of your acceptance
of thi s co ntract.

Yours respectfully,

F. J. V. -SKIFF

Director"

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FAREWELL BANQUET TO W. H. HOLMES

Mr. Holmes 1 engagement by the Field Columbian
Museum, Chicago, as curator of the department of Anthro-
pology, began May 1, 1894.* A preliminary visit to
Chicago was made May 4, extending to May 9. A week was
then spent in Washington closing up his affairs in the
Bureau of American Ethnology, where he was at the head of
archaeological research and in the National Museum, where
he was curator of American Antiquities.

On Wednesday night, May 16, a farewell banquet
was given him at Willard Hall, which proved an enjoyable
affair and most gratifying to him. F. H. Cushing was Toast-
master, and the speakers were 0. Brown Goode, F. C. Menden-
hall, E. H. Miller, Senor Zeballos , David T. Day, William E.
Curtis, Cyrus Adler, Henry Gannett, Thomas Wilson, J. D.

McGuire, W. J. McGee, C. D. Walcott, and Otis T. Mason.

«

professor Goode responded to the "Scientific Insti-
tutions of Washington," speaking of the early days of
"Holmes 1 association with the Institution when, in 1872, only
a half dozen of those present here were associated in scienti-
fic work." He dwelt upon Holmes 1 work in connection with the

Mr. Holmes was induced to accept the head curator ship in
the new Columbian Museum by Professors T. C. Chamberlain and
R. D. Salisbury of the University of Chicago, in which insti-
tution he was air eady v non-r esid ent professor of Anthropic
Geology.

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Institution and said he was "still to remain associated
with us as an honorary curator." He congratulated Chicago,
predicting success there and wishing Holmes many returns to
Washington .

Mendenhall responded to "Ohio — < the home of Holmeses!"
and said many pleasant things about the state and the man.

E. H. Miller spoke of Holmes 1 association with the
artists of the city and of his work as an artist.

Senor Zeballos (Minister from Argentine) read sever-
al pages of interesting compliments, referring to Eolmes T
work and sympathy with science, and spoke of the places in
the -United States on the north and Argentine on the south
where the scientist was doing work as important as that for-
merly d one by the soldier.

Mr. Curtis spoke of Chicago and its enterprise and
hopes and the field for effort it affords.

Mr. Wilson spoke of the early acquaintance with
Holmes and his art work, placing him so high in this field
as to overshadow his science. He could not speak upon this
topic — TT Eolmes in archaeology, because of what Holmes had
done to undo his (?/ilson T s) paleolithic man!"

McGuire made a lively address, commending Holmes 1
work In high terms and bearing down upon Wilson.

Gannett' said that a great topographer was lost to
the world by Holmes 1 adoption of geology as his field of

research.

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Walcott said that geology had sustained a great
loss when Powell had transferred Holmes from the Geologi-
cal Survey to the Bureau of Ethnology.

.Day spoke of his embarrassment as he was making
his maiden effort as an orator. He spoke of Mr. Skiff,
director of the Chicago Museum, and. of Holmes 1 qualifica-
tions to fill the position accepted by him.

Adler spoke of the relations of eastern and west-
ern science, and said that we were not Americans but a
colony of European peoples. *

Mason addressed Holmes in a fatherly way, and de-
scribed his work and his prospects in a most flattering
manner .

McGee spoke in laudatory terms and wished Holmes
n Godspeed and a quick return! TT

Walcott then, after a flattering reference to
Holmes 1 character and achievements, spoke of the history o
Wassail and the loving cup, and then brought out from be-
neath his chair a beautiful two-handled silver loving cup
and presented it to Holmes on behalf of his many friends.
It bore the engraved inscription

Holmes was then called upon and was greeted with
much enthusiasm. He said that he could not do more than
thank them for the great compliment paid him. He was

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greatly gratified and greatly encouraged. He had been
feeling very desolate of late at the prospect of breaking
the many bonds that bound him here, but he was now in a
measure reconciled to the sacrifice, and would go to
Chicago with cheerfulness -- indeed, that for the pleasure
of this evening, he would even be willing to go to a worse
place than Chicago. He said that he was grateful for the
compliments- paid him, many of which were more than he de-
served; that when he took up his residence in ,T the city
by the lake” he would do his utmost to do credit to his
Washington friends and to the Smithsonian Institution.

i ■

"Auld Lang Syne” and ”He T s A Jolly Good fellow”
were sung and partings followed.

{ XrrcQT Iption)

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associates in sb# Saitfesotilas last Hat ion

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COPY

1EGACION ARGENTINA
WASHINGTON

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Gentlemen :

I do not if I will be able to tell you. few words in or-

/■n

der to thank you for the pleasure and the honor which afford
to me the kind invitation to meet Professor Holmes.

We are here, gentlemen, congregated in the name of the
Science, and especially of the American Inter -Continental
Science. I am not, however, a savant , but a statesman, who
did expend a great deal of the best days of his life among 1 men
of science, art and letters, because I did think always that
it is a patriotic duty for the clear mind of the truth states-
man to tender the due honors to the pioneers of all civiliza-
tions and to the workers of the basis of all standing Govern-
ment:- and they are the patient, modest and often heroic en-
quirers of the fadts of the Nature and of the phenomena of the
moral caracter of the man*

The scientific career is quite an evangelic mission. You
go behind the light exposing your health, or your life, fighting
sometimes with the distress amidst the modern expensive society
and cutting always to the happy and lovely hours of the home,
the time required by the discipline of your duties. You are
never sure as the glorious soldier is, of the 'bright and mater-
ial reward from your country if you fall in the field of the
work or of the investigations. Often the soldier of the Science

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fight and fall without enthusiastic witnesses, in the darkness,
because his language is not intelligible for the masses and
the fascinating power of his discoveries seldom goes beyond
the circles of few select souls.

One of those brightest circles in your country gather
now around Professor Eolmes, to who full Justice is so done,

I know his work. The Old Ceramic, the stones modeled by wild
artists, the Indian remains and its decorations and the geo-
logical stratum, does speak eloquently under his investigations
about the past ages, as can do the phonograph returning in the
voice of the deaths. I hope his work shall enlarge its hori-
zons in the Museum of Chicago.

The time is just come in which we want to remember that
the scientific responsibility of the New World belong to the
Americans. We want to unite our plan of investigation since
the North polar Sea controlled by the United States until the
Austral Ocean controlled by the Argentine Republic, under the sar;;e
ideal of generalization through uniform proceedings. Doing so
it shall be possible to concentrate and to profit many actions
which are now working alones , without guides, losing forces and
results as the traveller strayed in the forest and engaged in
the discovery of the truth path amongs the numberless and
crossing footsteps of the wild beasts.

It seems to me that few years of general and combined
action upon the three Americas shall show us other and very
important aspect of the past. That* aspect we could name:

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"the simplification of many complexe and confuse ideas we
maintain now in the fields of theory,"

Hemember for instance Professor Holmes address to the
Anthropological Congress in the World's Hair, when he talk
about the aboriginal languages, he referred to the question
of the number of those languages in the three Americas, If we
had previously organized the philological investigations through
North, Central and South America we should have remarked per-
haps that the number of the aboriginal languages is fewer; and.
anticipating a personal theory, based upon my own inquires,
that if not all, many of those languages are not far of a com-
mon origin; and perhaps we shall find in not remote times, the
unity of the original forms of the Inter -C ontinental wild lan-
guages with tho.se differences, made necessary by the nature
and general surrounding of each people.

But I will not go so far in the confidence of my hopes •
and I only would ask to you to toast congratulating our friend,
professor Holmes, to who we compromise this evening to advance
his work in Chicago for honor of the Science of the United States
and of Himself,

STANISLAO S. ZEBALLOS

Washington, D • C*

16th May 94

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WASHINGTON.

LEGACION ARGENTINA
WASHINGTON.

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(2

of his friends, with a large silver loving
cup. The banquet closed with a graceful
acknowledgment of the honor paid him by
Prof. Holmes, in which he declared that for
the encouragement in undertaking his new
work he would be willing to go to a worse
place than Chicago. All rose and sang
“Auld Lang Syne,” and a very pleasant
Incident in the life of a deservedly popular
man was completed.

— J

THURSDAY, MAY 17,

— STA ft, AT PUty A-

HOAOES FOR. PROF. HOLMES.

A Farewell Banquet, With Speeches
and Compliments.

Prof. W. H. Holmes, who recently severed
his connection with the bureau of ethnology
to accept the position of head of the depart-
ment of anthropology in the great Field
Columbian Museum at Chicago, was ten-
dered a farewell banquet last evening that
. must have given him some idea of the pop-
ular hold he has upon the scientists and
artists of this city, among whom he has
worked so long and so successfully. Prof.
Holmes, who is both a scientist and an
artist, has a world- wide reputation in his
special field of work, and from the speeches
made last night it was evident that his col-
leagues believe that the big new museum in
Chicago could not do better than it did in
securing the sendees of Mr. Holmes at the
head of one of the three departments of the
institution.

Covers were laid for nearly a hundred in
the tea room of Willard's for the banquet
last evening, and the occasion was marked
by every evidence of good fellowship, albeit
marked by more than the usual amount of
regiet at losing a member of the fraternity
of Washington’s learned men. " Mr. Frank
Hamilton Cushing of the bureau of ethnol-
ogy presided. At his right, about the tables
which were beautifully decorated with
flowers, were Prof. Holmes, Prof. Charles

D. Walcott, Dr. C. Brown Goode, and on his
left Senor Zeballos; minister from the
Argentine Republic; Prof. W. J. McGee, W.

E. Curtis and Di\ Cyrus Adler.

The first speech of the evening, after the
menu had been satisfactorily disposed of,
was -made by Prof. G. Brown Goode of the
National Museum, who responded to the
toast of the scientific institutions of Wash-
ington. He referred to his pride in enjoying
the acquaintance of Prof. Holmes and to the
fact that he was one of an original group
of seven scientific investigators. Dr. T. C.
Mendenhall of the coast and geodetic sur-
vey followed him in a speech on Ohio, as
the home of the guest, he himself hailing
from the buckeye state. Other speeches
were made by Mr. E. H. Miller, the artist,
who spoke of the work done by Mr. Holmes
as a water colorist; Dr. D. T. Day, Senor
Zeballos, Mr. Wm. Eleroy Curtis, Prof.
Thomas Wilson, Prof. Otis T. Mason, Judge
J. D. McGuire and Prof. J. H. Gannett.
Prof. W. J. McGee expressed the opinion
that the dream of Jefferson for a great
national university had been realized on a
grand scale, and that the scientific institu-
tions of Washington were in many depart-
ments leading the world. Prof. William
Flint read a poem, and Prof. Charles D.
Walcott presented Prof. Holmes, in behalf
of his friends, with a large silver loving
cup. The banquet closed with a graceful
acknowledgment of the honor paid him by
Prof. Holmes, in which he declared that for
the encouragement in undertaking his new
work he would be willing to go to a worse
place than Chicago. All rose and sang
‘‘Auld Lang Syne,” and a very pleasant
incident in the life of a deservedly popular
man was completed.

'

: 4

i

RANDOM RECORDS OF A LIFETIME

DEVOTED TO SCIENCE AND ART, 1846-1932

BY W. H. HOLMES

LIST OF VOLUMES

Volume I.
II.
III.
IV.

V.

VI.

VII.

VIII.

IX.

X.

XI.

Brief Biography, Positions Held, Loubat Prizes,

Medals, etc., Societies and Clubs, Bibliography.

Explorations, Episodes and Adventures,

Expositions and Congresses.

Part I. Yellowstone Explorations, 1872.

Part II. Yellowstone Explorations, 1878.

Part I. Colorado Explorations, 1873, 74, 75, 76 & 87.
Part II. The Cliff Dwellers.

Europe 1879-80; Grand Canyon of the Colorado;
Explorations in Mexico with Jackson and the Chains:
Colorado with Powell and Langley, 1887. Lu

Aboriginal Bowlder Quarries, Piney Branch, D. C.,
Soapstone Quarries, Paint Mines, and Lay Figure
Groups.

The Chicago Venture, University? E^posit ion, Field
Museum, Yucatan, Return to Washington, 1892-97.

Cuba with Powell; Jamaica with Langley; Mexico with
Gilbert and Dutton; California with McGee; Physical
Anthropology, Hrdlicka, Current Work 1900.

Chief Period, Bureau of American Ethnology, 1902-1910*
Visits to Stutgart and Chile 1908.

Transfer to the Museum June 10, 1910, the Guatemalian
Trip, Powell Monuments, Seventieth Birthdav Celebration
1920.

Director of the National Gallery of Art, 1920-1932.

XXI. The Freer Gallery of Art,

XIII. Portraits, Smithsonian Institution.

XIV. Portraits, Bureau of American Ethnology. national
Gallery of Art, and Miscellaneous.

XV. Masterpieces of Aboriginal American Art.

XVI. Various Articles on Art and the Art Gallery.

XVII. Personal.

XVIII. Personal. > •! . h j ...

' - i ~' '■ ' /v-i />■■/ 2

\ ' /

XIX. Personal.

!

XX. Personal. YVater Color Sketches.

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