eee upubsetan tirade tha iinet as gna 90 Oee peer nines OT une est proses enet aabegrarsee eter ee ts: deg peier ern enae anit ene es SALTS TS De Tien Mitesh i leneenaatatereestyry siete te mont ieee pcabeasdeeedeeobene rereenes® Rp iecarette : os ‘s ter ope eebeasereeetetsae pa arberet > cb pe tet tt ean err Dyk ianesd eee od A re ETT TE hae spaa vat enb ay tae reat snaraunt ciemeemenennarest oot rowss oes uy poeeneperse see ety panne Lai aeeratesegrpoettedt s bber¢: pe reee pine hr ‘ ce Slerpsmyeeates sStacducorbranersenstntene negra fal ranibey anes heen ari ore ensaeueerees hi hd too paar hints bahar ot sole Presb Poe sae ae et sdeecha preset i ait ogy ee rhe peeerinns cra dt oi raparsecd sts! o> paeebeentye reel Meets ee ee hh Oot eet oh fee cnediee nists pared habbo ea ivrs err peesoyeeniy oct ppepaons mt raven st vo 8 eae eieteenesereniaee rt 7 penvens pyenen snghe beeetee whe eae Met Pest yi aehonterpbyey ere 442 denne iavaresordedotooyesnsdebehts mice rarueabeprarpessrenrgrrronett ett ty ererey ” bisaeseeeeneeenernenrrneT ry. > a Peering a babar eerntr iON eT oi ed spel abet ots ppmpad og gpneneenepiteddet 1 TS Givers Pra oh wibeenrly al Sc omet ot a ae cages bel et pent parbrbeevtuoat orenboeeted ete ey ej ebeteneneh si) oho, he te rare nea epaseeer yt abe ener eres? Bisbee epee ret twenties: ere vegas) a me 1 ote ptetede Lippe yb ret tSehorcisgceescrmectenetst of ae et eye tw Meh ered te bye sated tad abebae be aarees hme th dedoreeanreyeratge! ve reaeee eet pabsbot ngieee st Oye epieiaetebel teh pbs dip enpeey teem Dee Eth ates rin bs boys ot ate Ribtintuneeeettereipeeriten pesstaes ta we nese ere ey wabebreed cha¥ bre vyTer ee ened eral possuensett ot “ty a re panos otipener entre RE ataneperepeetyes Taser ee et bor weetet er Teles yeatoeet ery boternesee tye leben ead 4 peers paneyetentiess + reader ayreneeeeve sane se prentrppe ete eé ne Tf es 232 gh eee e ett eet ep voobet oh See eee eieiapeneretete’ wh 8 9 beaded Ht tlaeenstimen sti sasewpaee veneer gre et ot ebeerneh ier’ thapentih ete stele bebebahehenes L6r othe hot Lexeed Meares oar att te yprheeier toes Hehe isi aie vite iter wh 0k 14d rH A cempsenbenepeae ee! spree Te S eaneee tee baeedphe ney me a ruvendqrepy cere} eye 4 Wot Pat +l oboe s' Ary ead sepenenyee Sanpeomnn hyp y itera pape re mpatepeeey te Seren) rrp te be are ert a ameernererenyr ht rs iol ibe pene arche tet ohbe dente andes oor: rdeyreeted sprhritaty +i Oro M4 Pilea ey nian r ephbeeseeser sana ht erer wasksaee waren maertitr ped a ues Tha rep bed rhevot x ! } abe cnet et Mae e" oo vires pave Pett gt bed epetoeenee eb ret! TE aad eer eaeuh eed ornate at FF" st eeeeentet eae apeere sot sy oe ; 00h 4 oert of # weak riley : is : se : bs eh vores po Mee 9 pee to ah S “- ; sad te ctesteptant rs oe Krateheeshinihet ete he pleat ware) rbot Oa earatassehe sep pena + , sesorealegaier) Sat Awtrtlteaemeipeermeantect sion ime ue | : Huei wh ont me eh re pavegetats betepaeee sie ibe en i Serna tae diosshh brett teat roviuaroutyehtintgneentenrts arene iaaniuuater f oa ath bak coabtimct rath cote er apanstt seis Porte seratattitoecteere rt rotate alah athe aber art ge aa pyersay eperee fi a issued rae she po eben eteal sia rtee Loapee seed site ekeeetetekantcescarnane meat peveys roar) aeipe are t enon orewenee tees perdeianeaete) 4s aGevt repeeecenp aL rat ooh ae) eli ieheeseemerertt tr pe wicfrtuicsetseatgayeabet wehrarataregtennatiasy triscauate WME helletettenr etre tts Ma pcbabah cpramentitittont se oussabpalited rhb > preeanprastiagseee) 0°: bee beet abpaee shes gievantennet cits earartane maaan oe a aeteathoee a et pe rie bar aeeerepavege sores fer oeegter eri 4 gorereennces pratiose oe press sae eeeeprrnasante tery bor sheneduln pat ¢ ee anaes! US aecnaree paveperentytye yee. piehiseeahi sot at hh ete raareabebede rats behed seve 4 ae eye Pobre teres vente Teaavestetdoeastprpe neh (+ ,! apiditnisben erie ret tree ania aiiverrebadebet ea vib enor oF yeh sie tH -wer el poised ged fyevererere ta! 1 OTE eae ier preeeretedl Seeeeeebed ah meeeneye Teeeketon eee morass riatat te Sanrpasberee ect Teanaate rat aee Pitas yore te jeyreeyet researc epeuaean wansrenreanieetstgt cht. oatiegteo re aerit a otad en beet Seathey sy ened eer pisharot peut ara ots priser haseeenesy 2) « on 1 ee tplaumy serreareaeientttats ie Te alppeseecerree aeieeret 09 10 ee est pees phaehy tenes ey vate ; phan sessed . pcselaatisiepsente v4 peep anateet eh SIT DAA martserigeeare ey court trent ween a perensareenesy Rar pubsbesrbeseh ye Cotes She Mee Teh Tels dates is ? myth! spemetedet i phere Peper oy Paris deena oer 11 1E Te ee ibebrneoet dehy blgas eset rears eth ty vend 4 pes Ory rs hes’ Ti rueptnenre ern have) te qertige the tthe pris vi seiepersetnped etarsbresdet Oot je re t Ott ee igeasererbabeereel penstrosl syriverestetats Ee eae es ee jebetes sirieiet-tahe) Srateget pipe yesnerinye part ipleeiy wien y Tenn aahaaena| > rp raadet egal benwpertrar ey. Uppate bsg stencenneeett sargibesal senaentse® agatha 4 eroneee) pidabepeese ery? bot bods posane Aenrwnetaty rAbet pelelessisbepet efeeatatirenss #0 208) Tpabed gerert sarees " pone peanrwap sie Taseeaepeereyeireeren Py . Paberererireehenpene rrapenin eh ETT SS eeT nants heoeitetertettalst erect ek ran eshe Lavehetetls peered erves ener? eRe me hee ee H eectiahspestateeeny fepeneen rer ppraaet ses) 7) cheat shone Cttgtginemassichects tia eteeater et doves Me haheaed pate sete edte Fat Fy. + vere me bat ri stateh 0 nse abeovben ttt ap eaneeny eqegeert oe aeeey "ts ag aged aoe! amet iatean ac gepmeettat se rosy) dee vege EEE ra jaagaerraeieneen ale farsa reeset bettraneedy seerarieaetet oat preven es emanate eit reriveasciopetmearseceseatie Pameapertter tins anauasreeet reparierisensnetecanereetseeenen terest Srremeeteet tarcremers pies auace ge oot) 1089) craic terms oer « 4 : + ne uy ss aba yey temetetotesypersy at or ppvnarenest 2 eealara maerrent Pee eee 1 ote pheaveched aetna! serdehe-ehabrnctsameenete Se pcrrereeerern epemeaegen® ye ay etstalasacinebeovenninereniterente pent ciyn asthe sty a aegat id rbepshabetepat’ Parsee Aetiyons 9 ja . + ry puaganis fer ytonet eareetibedereeeel Pd oe dt Aw 11 e ey -pobehsee) a pate by pene bs et goto be og rpg oer erethtataechasmati ta ara siyevesOeveen reoteheasaresdne¥4) saver itndeeretty yeeewn ep! ST aah oaae ey om ao renipermerett? Mseererese tM ohapeeyer en iti nye resid erase 088 + 0 Ae ee ee ice depemnivereed acai as eke iohehors eet ‘ ve panteasopberinne SPUN i A924 90 ob Loehesepeaerienrveespewretyt “ Slanasaeterpeee rer etetene ner tecrepceene rescbtye 2 "i sao aee read neta oH Leb ‘Tbvbb eed scare ese ett sr atitpenneevounseseetotterttrcese tot Te eects alaLasl Lehshvet4 pabtpery OF ee ee ee a ohehe) acetet bi veoh + ess oy pabiasti8 ipetven ve.berere aH siecorardegeeetvtron ba yecpenenat ve aoe rbarayenery tty Saye ett nti, ny There Lac mse higae aay’ Ree hidachebabesenedetee' ores ver rhs aged yeeey Lepeveesen ees setstectteryay Athy babvintot ve sropegabrncbeidntet eet ETT hog spliarane ieee eet beresaeey Deaeeo@be4 peaegapaaenabeprtecs torah tt! epeseen avers oss wie repianmiby pyesaues pect’ rite athcnelcheneoemeeneee guaee: pores eoetoy spate eapeted pera este me sr ed oe EB OD OP aeearata ne M ee fs ot “is tart tnes: aoe daiae oe) iss re 2s oni ote hash teed Men ePer eT Fy eaieaatennatintiennist bepsargeter ranger ey eee ans rt oabia re anemes sel ee' ae peice ge sb ebawrd an sunbed eobeeet sprpneby sr aooae enietontde ” nSrdetpehegeuprert ve eh lee eenea: bey ded qolpededeter pevsere ferro pans petit Pe Ee hahel aera neton bh oh ” pupepnenlyys Pat! 9 re Ee has dap nprmeeers ged veaeepeee! 54 babe +4 prpotenaee? #9 ae ve ere ra peg che pe penenrereer eat Hane 444 ine dtaegadin Oro ede s Se tarboredae tt pens pes bal Se ee saearttt samo snyeert % re eras eed) ee retails ieeeyei®? Vaud-oe Wintojepeangueenyeye se ¢ read red aen dah pat tripege poner 4 proegnsegenedeee! FP wp abegateengentposeaad 70% lee argent 4 oravevarset ee iwe od segs! arerene ety at 7 4 ope joadn tear cee ole pid eee banana he tsatentaen oT Hy pepaaureh eersebeete lt ay) ‘ hua aagep qenem onder eertts aprei@ringed dogonenesoooen ented? 2h ede cpebedenageereste ate opee yathened re Dati ie npr pi pat 7 ‘ MaseePr erry phoitapanetene beer tet es rinprencane seat ea ‘ oye) eereve.ty ae be ree? st + Me aedigenepeiesnagenee® eet “ Iebeegaya beeen babeeid sorts rei sisal Sabet vibe sheet Shermans pesosesi sen stciet sh esPese eect pgsergeday serene’ sebeayave nearer yee sbrehy sesat eae eiecerdrsterteattans! apt nesey ted we St aceenurssesere? rnianla taste Seaeeratent renters aatortatienaeenaeeet Pibeiattiah cto ei end Dh etee ° ie tte pe pdteae! rep 4 1 peeesae (ieee) mest hi pense tt anh en o tS erry pr yee nba eipe§ ; PPR red entrees pbs wiigeths Marsejeerartedie sabcouirensngesten TORII rec opget Sa phgranee ee ite wate ry ethos spre ere ‘ Te eee cheeepat onan eaeha peceest peegene ated bepeend oes tte y+ +? ras 4 swe bedbegegersd sin 4 “ ‘ orese ; " pene r jevere isiaarente writ ott Sstarichsareet pagegeortpeine® serene Pry aeepenet ie saan ener re # Ie te [ha eeeaerey Poedeisee m oaecbentee hae ney iF meaner iste paeae ene) oege! ees pad ebcayptingarien vetoes! CA Pe i ‘Ni e0 484 eer essary ees Heraehegens drat reat mean + hee atseas haneenée ie “ny tore hatatsty ‘Y ‘ sTursedtegsameneyhyiet ty any iy os yejeqe ints ancien mera sea eee aa Lett shud aniie rene Catia Pra ea Seaktnerettci ae te he het ee aa lacoeastsistett its Pte BH teh ieee he biti quai ieee’ ay H viene erred. MY bettas rhviaa sr se ite a) ieseteherecoreabetersy ett. ; Witetetecoese Uhcbeitestete protease eth ant epeqedrnserplaes + Cie abe rs viene pepeangens ree pos oe ere meaeedl op onahane ga? yes eee" seernetewierrs Perceatunteaate a betttngetawnanne fs paornne ree eestor caapmieeprs agente oF oe oooh ig alter meveyetsy + es areniees Be we ‘ Lasisetanbes I ba honors pepageqercnneleyes yenenegey sop pj svar evelenet + if hae + Senete uae pares - tee Iereysbeoedea oer sterghtcet eugene pete tedesne ers “er gepepete Pele Hester epee pepannn ether eee Ceeni treaty Mitt ae obs berdrabeenpnesveuedtt dete: Henrive ere aeons # jee 8 sap enaniatt ateatan eee tet niet yen hed she genetsa " Chvhepennaneey 4 2 seieenttied oetete ay atetiee wy bg oye shasta sbudh iveerentegnyre sest® prereie te arts poe cia gngene tt eee! ie ae pene tb mestnerieetty Pee rarersersiss bebe rise peeteded oe preplelyerd bs pas hene caepae petted opera eter ates ce ntey =a ni av emnen toned ty +4 + ~ La bt oe spobanpyt veyt grawins oy 9 oad oes Seat Dade dete | bbe ee parerer re - Sueescs peaveni graven yeti ave ie ohare Eby et Poteet ere ee - m oponey ofp nee sr Pet Se TL manatee’ Saori hareet Troawneatl fonds ptt ecient: va whey pera erty yet] wot ne saqebered) teat reprereet bel rhe) apes * erpennerat eee bd pt eee aehanenenel phen bicnte rye ree sepbieveses (oe? daray rtp oibote feat tgivetat wT band can peecennerer fe rk bed bee pos papteginagar! reve jae 5 Ae serpoeedr holed HY ae th ogee 4 of panned en eee ere ae deg Sartor wpegrornngstsrcest eseree lier bie nd ek od coy ORONO wat aeee) pyrosuapes tied ty ea rtent eh bee pete vty se een dog apes or ay eres event tataestataes oo senere ee? neree papeqvi ene te ee is Agence teen a bbinerrert * av ey ashe lgvuagee ni raved obret sere maierent at ai te daar we be Meee parernevnsanerer hansery tenet yee t) meeres sere et reese! ) MT Tacha weeeend pisan ret satabyages 42 4s deep pee eeree soae Tach. haaeaneaneee eeerrnresenr®” pene tr eee habe epee es dyer three Pen aegh pet da eees pe vee geyeyapee hte Poe a saben vy ot aneeraeyon pend Vie el navel pede etiee Taney rere penvee eprierey 4 apeeteened 6 Ned pica , prewar ese p air OP peed pearance ath arson spent Pre pep ah genertey OD ee ied peso 0884 rade th Gent ve" bed -eooem eae? borer at anes 4 er o ware t rel riead waimuey oer? ictmeareter ry he rade sand gape oneard peste Nitrates pT boa anaed payers Salary eae pe aiotegsbeecwrersegcounns ei ent Hert titbnotts Sfititectercb tet? viet: base seorsh od shat one coagaenrwengcques te eeeety ea ee ea cane MaiLbee pert ty pee yaya poverd 024 0202 {Te beleneneeent eters tes yorerens nevisu riven PEPE caeafigiy sees penbeacterreanreiy et yr eerie Veet eh TT Sec pan-easysoeacrasne ties werner’ arantnenreeatisatae setae 1s reap tenth eereteeeaey etauattegtcniee gira tint neanee erprea a ancegt eeterhny overt ooetee ” or yee we. Seedee ne wens ee “ bepsentot wt asst pas one Sites abscesien satnuernveet yt > aad pacman he te pyeyt] aegeus eee Leases sapreeen eee at pra rrens ttt peer Lr, shah Lheabe eee eerrree Vnssenreeniy 1 eeonvanenrt! hel sa. pedewry loved Seeatecireuaneneer est ep gatguns fs trysEe gw rieseteogenr et snet a bot Pobeb pan esey pawererst porrereeere Sth proaneanyt sanay yg be ney Senter earvnsgit ent saree tet ap Lp Penbeye by Sepa 4 ee rne ee meee i peener peek PPP d hte? bine de? abet Ada wrtemee- dye ph Shep t neue rye joie vet ‘ qeetcaes } prbenrnniener S20. e2 bade e Tj epeneiet=! n wen iat jeeepourbonenng relieve Swit tarenewtrt ttre annie? yrange finsarethtetiee copes Ara ere emrenane and tng het pose ery tacos veer eerie ase 198 ei wEarenes: stchertoricasesen cea ptrel eat rere Je setnget in ~ rath Latates tagueern yeverry rte} eapeprier yr ren yi. boeenant rg hon erenip eropre neg ’t' Them ere ead errant Nps bos Peet obi de treet beter ey rte pulp bonbened eeea'h ye) sraeyer ope et peace nacre’ a babe tere canbyh hod ave brad ne awe 4 aeener r sa otoh Shave Techehieseery erttt da ght et breepessene rere berets pans gtapr meryeet ee tas rete ad edrd ed sont Pa eee Pee 1H) are drvapeoty pope perarent er Sah pepetersereny a paprewerecerereeyriry 1. rr cehtarrarauced peceennete etter oettomtarty 4 pingpecscaserta cn prent poseiesies pers LT eee ra cataepes eet gel edrberrp eben’ eigeredee wee verge bidet ey eh etet: 4 oH of a paren werneasntin Seliry Tpestbeded ye ard teat sehen a rade bra nme peer eee Terie Tarapanseansncpeeh cen pre siren ene yit a eer se pod ep meyeben ee sued Myatt chaps caanecttregepeeti tt tee Seba be bebe +404 Hepeeen re Joe mb bettie te pnsaben tei bepeaeeeenenenantiner lees ryt tt eererersi Se INTL baabryeneteed fr eet de pep ae epee rt ree ar rr Hebe py nes bette ry 4 nsede Aeaeberaante ert ene yrrere pene: fret’ & eee obpeabe v4 ted eet’ pepe aastenneti Teh leerrn hat ebabner tet ee neens te Pabbbegegnte ie rere ater eer ae prenheenyey Aap eatieescedpar eed sel ath hognees geatiene Pt pn ipe stein {Teer eau ener more ier tee os Salona aoveeareetebree sett L piel Aoamenanent eet bpent yt Peebe see riat Perret ataberrelerte st irerie rede pRiraria inert ibenveepessore sieht en ‘LL « "ie Lae _ + oeaet te reebeneyerrp may o vhereeet S88) rhe) aseesgeysiree veaiere| oer rps | ae ae Seat eee wees. as ou 4 Sea RECORDS of the INDIAN MUSEUM (A JOURNAL OF INDIAN ZOOLOGY ) Vol. IV, 1910—1912. EDITED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE INDIAN MUSEUM. Calcutta : PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE INDIAN MUSEUM, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS. IQ1I2, igs Eas ’ + Lee eo “ty § a) Ve aes Ve 3 cla cu} JSR Ae : Wouen tii eBay tA par a Fa “aes a ie } re - t ns 4 * = CONTENTS. Ay ee Vv No. I, FEBRUARY, I9QI0. Second Report on the collection of Culicidae in the Indian Museum, with descriptions of new genera and species Nos. II—III, Marcu, Ig10. The Indian species of Papataci Fly (Phlebotomus) Taxonomic values in Culicidae No: LV; JULY, IQrOo: Revision of the Oriental Bloodsucking Muscidae (Stomoxtnae, Philaematomyia, Aust., and Pristirhynchomyta, gen. nov.) No. V, NOVEMBER, IQIO. A new arrangement of the Indian Anophelinae No. VI, MARCH, IQII. A revision of the species of Tabanus from the Oriental Region including notes on species from surrounding countries No: VIE JUNE; Torr: New Oriental Nemocera aA on is ie Miscellanea (pp. 317—320) :— Synonymy in Corethrinae Further notes on Indian Pilenotare: Nos. VIII—IX, DECEMBER, IQII. A revision of the Oriental species of the genera of the Family Tabanidae other than Tabanus ae at 56 Contributions to the Fauna of Yunnan— Part VII.—Tabanidae No. X, MARCH, 1912. Annotated Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae—Supplement Page i 95 PEE 321 401 493 esc CAG atl : y/ ak ; a r/R) \o dS WONG eb tae me 4\6 Tp Sher ee epe } Me a RE A a orl lis y Rone /Ke \. i: e Ne ao < ae SL See ic as : tI a A: Py, £7ert® & = se a ne mf i ‘ 4 es - Uf cle “hae ioe hs +: a 7 ~~ > + atte Hina 9 = re 1 On ae ia Ve ie ee ' . ; . * - ga. a & we ” = Feo in a3 j,, Piel eee [aiid in ‘sel no = : ~s ; Ras ome ys ue ortere ae ce “Enel | ik ‘fey ae, z ihe ‘eran? yas Nae ey ae aa ca nef! Bart OL ake ABs I fi cee fad iets way ate ul -— Plates I—III (Culicidae) Plates IV—VI (Phlebotomi) Plates VII—VIII (Muscidae) Plates IX—XII (Anophelinae) .. Plates XIII—XIV (Tabanidae) Plates XV—XVIII (Tabanidae) Follow page 34 52 o4 110 258 402 Nt ie cee aA ah { ESE OF AULHORS: Annandale, N., D.Sc. Brunetti, EF. .. James, Major S. P., M.D. Ricardo, Gertrude Theobald, F. V., M.A. The Indian species of Papataci Fly (P/le- botomus), p. 35-—Further notes on Indian Phlebotomi, p. 319. Taxonomic values in Culicidae, p. 53.— Revision of the Oriental Bloodsucking Muscidae, p. 59.—New Oriental Nemo- cera, p. 259.—Synonymy in Core- thrinae, p. 317.—Annotated Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae, p. 403. A new arrangement of the Indian Ano- phelinae, p. 95. A revision of the species of Tabanus from the Oriental Region, including notes on species from surrounding countries, p. 111 —A revision of the Oriental species of the genera of the Family Tabanidae other than 7abanus, p. 321.—Contribution to the Fauna of Yunnan, Pt. VII, Tabanidae, p. 4or. Second Report on the collection of Culici- dae in the Indian Museum, with descrip- tions of new genera and species, p. I. ive 2 vee <- J Se ae ve 3 Pee aoe eat , ret fe ; ae ; g | : Rae, eg aie ‘Bop Rolls ade ok Eee & ay “bea arte gs ieee Eb gh © Piper : :* iT ae Saad ts a Ne oe Sate ; j cal ae ' | » Tae ae fica 5 es re as ‘, ex Y . “b - 2 j F * 7 ® - : INDEX. ——>-— [N.B.—An asterisk (*) preceding a line denotes a new variety or subspecies; a _ dagger (}) indicates a new species; and a double-dagger ({), a new genus; synonyms are priuted in Italics. } A Page Acalleomyia 3 487, 490, 491 obscura ee AG **obscurus’’ 49! Acanthocera Ae Sees OE Aedeoniyia Be 487, 488 catasticta ss 488 squamipenna 7 405 ‘*“squammipenna’’ 26, 488 ‘“ squamipenuis ”’ 488 Aedeomyinae 56, 413, 450, 453, 486, 487 Aedinae 407, 409, 450, 485, 486, 487, 504 Aedes 54, 439, 487, 488, 480, 491 butleri aa .. 489 | malaya 490 nigrescens 490 Aedimyia Fc e- 440) Aioretomyia 487, 489 aedes 490 ostentatio 490 perdita 490 singu'aris 490 taeniata 490 varietas an teh Aldvichia 95, 100, 106, 410, 433 ervor 5S 100, 106, 407 Aldrichine}la 410, 433 error 433 Amauromyia 450 Ancylorhynchus 410 Anisocheleomyia = 493 albitarsis 494 alboannulata 493 Aukylorhynchus e A0 Anopheles 54, 95—97, 106, 411, 412, | ; 415 —417, 435, 517 aconita.. ao bis aitkenii 96, 106, 415 arabiensis 434 barianensis 415 bifurcatus 97 cohaesa 415 costalis 2 AZI culiciformis 434 deceptor 434 dthali 415, 419 elegans 417 Page Anopheles formosaensis 415, 416 formosus .. 416 96, 106, 416, 417 gigas immaculatus 96, 106, 416 indiensts si A2S jesoensis .. azo lindesayi 96, 106, 416, 417 * var. maculata 1, 106, 416 maculipennis 97, 407 nigerrimus v5 425 perplexeus a 403 pictus 419, 434 plumiger | 14.26 pseudopictus 434 punctulata se 452 simlensis .. 416, 417 subpictus . 434 tesellaium 432 treacherii 417 vincenti 434 wellcomei 417, 434 Anophelina 410, 419, 433 Anophelinae 55, 56, 95—109, 405—407, 409, 412—415, 440 Anthomyidae 56, 59 Anthrax ss : 57 tApistomyia trilineata 315 Armiger a 441 Armigeres AE 441 Panalectoros 442 Arribalzagia 415, 431 Asilus 57 Asiphonatae 55 Asiphoniata ar re 55 Atylotus II2)5 133) 135045, 153, 159, 173, 184, ICO, 194, 195, 197, 200, 209, 21T 212, 217, 229, 220, 236, 237, 244, 246—248 251 andamantcus 218 bituberculatus 134 (?) contcus 153, 154 ditaeniatus 248 flaviventris 214 fulvus 133, 248 fuscipes neyrade achrymans 156, 157 latistriatus. . ao Pade 433 il Page Calvertina 410, 428 lineata enn 4 333 Calvertius a 410, 433 Carolia a 410 Carollia oP a5 | chit) Carrollia - 12, 14, 410, 454 Cecidomyia she 57 Cellia 54,95, 96, 99, 100, IOI 102, 105, 106, 107, 428, 431 flava syed PASI kochi 55 ZIT pulcherrima 3, 99, 102, 106, 407 , 432 punctulata eA G2 Chaetomyia 452, 453 Chagasia 2a 415, 433 Chaoborus 317, 318, 504, 505 antisepticus a0. BY asiatica 504, 505 cornfordi .. SSO crystallina BZ ibs. manilensis £05 plumicornis 317), 318 punctipennis oe gy Chironomidae : 57 Chironomus 57 Christya 415 {Christophersia 102, 103, 105, 106, 107, 407, 428, 431 100, 102, 103, 106, 407, 431 halli Page Atylotus macer ae 150, 152 microloma .. 152 nigromaculatus snl S 4. phyrrhoceras 238, 239 rufidens 244, 245 Tusticus 248, 252, 253 B Banksiella ie AIX AG, luteolateralis B47 Bdellolarynx ae 61, 62 | sanguinolentus 62 Bellardia 112, 149, 202 SinztCUs 167, 170 Bibio 273—28c tabdominalis 272270 yapproximatus 274, 277 bicolor 273 clavipes 280 }tdefectus 274, 280 fdiscalis 273 27.3) jfuscitibia 273;.279 thortulanoides 27:3 0274 | hortulanus ae M275 johannis 273, 278 laniger 3a) ze) marci ae 274—278 obscuripennis 273—276, 278 | };proximus 274, 275 trufifemur 27/3 3279 vatripes 280 venosus 277, 278 Bibionidae 269 Binotia 492 Bironeila gracilis ae AS3 Blanchardiomyia 440, 441 apicalis 441 aureolineata 441 | fusca 44r | joloensis 441 | jugraensis 441 obturbans 441, 442 panalectros 441, 442 {Blepharocera indica 316 Blepharoceridae 315 {Bolbodeomyia a 31, 492 ycomplex 31, 492 Bolbodimyia ; 492 Bombylidae 433 Bombylius 57 Brevipalpi ae 55 Brevirhynchus ; 8, 442, 444 fannulipalpis 6, 442 fapicalis 7> 443 magnus 6. 443 | Brunettia 289, 290, 291, 310, 311 | superstes 290, 310, 311 travancorica 310—312 | C 410, 433 Calvertia 410 | lineata Chrysoconopas aurites sien A'S2 Chrysoconops ake 479, 480 aurites > W480 brevicellulus 481 conopas 481 “*conopas’’ 481 ochraceus 481 pygmaeus 25, 481 Chrysops 57, 365, 374s 377, 378, 401 albicinctus .. eo, alter 374, 376, 387 bifasciata 374, 377 378, 380, 382 cincta 374, 376, 393 clavicrus 374, 393, 394 costatus 22893378 tdesignata 374, 376, 383, 401 dispar 374 375; 378, 380, 381, 382, 386, 3900, 396 fasciata 375, 376, 390, 391, 393, 394 fixissima 375, 376, 392, 393 flaviventris 375, 3773 390 flavocincta .. 375, 3775 395 impar 375, 380, 382 indiana 375, 376, 390 avanensis 375, 378, 379 ligata 375, 380, 381 lunata : Sor. BS} manilensis .. 375» 377 mlokosiewiczi 375, 378, 379, 4OI Page Chrysops parallelus .. sO pellucidus .. 375, 376, 377, 385, 386, 388 tufitarsis 375, 376, 384, 394 semicircula 375, 380, 381 signifer 375, 376, 393, 394 sinensis 375, 370, 388 stimulans 375, 370, 389 Siviata 375, 378, 379, 401 terminalis 375, 380, 381 translucens Bris oe 385, ; 388, 396 unizonata O75. ie 393 punctifera .. 390 flavipes 397 Perea. 397 Chrysozona 321 Coelodiazesis barberi_ =. 405 Colonemyia se 488, 498, 499 caeruleocephala a 49D hybrida 498 mendacis 498 Conopomyia 453 aurea 453 hybrida . 453 metallica 454 Conops 63 Corethra . 54, 56, E hive 318, 405, 504, 505 cinctipes 317, 318 culiciformis 317, 318 effoetus Ehily75 Shite: fusca ESL, pallida 317, 318 plumicornts 8178, Sr punctipennis.. ees velutina 317, 318 Corethrella brakeleyi Se Silks Corethridae 56, 413 Corethrinae 55, 56, 317, 318, 409, 411, 504 | Corizoneura 364, 365, 307 | longirostris 365, 367 *subsp. varipes 367, 369 | rufa se S158, taprobanes 307 Crematogaster difformis 504 Culex I, 19, 31, 39, 40, 41, 43, 54, 56, 57, 95, 410, 439, 440, 445, 446, 459, 460, ‘ 465, 497, 471, 477: 489 albolineatus. 496 albopictus 9 albopleura 466 | albus 466 ais)... 466 angulatus NK 16/1406) | annulatus ai 412, 459 | annuliferus 466, 471 annulioris ee 400 annulus 466 | anxtfer 468 | arabiensis 4607 argentinotus 497 auratus 467 aureopunctis 517 aureostriatus 467, 471 Page Culex biro 407 caecus 467 cantans 467 christophersi 467 concolor 20, 411, 468 fatigans 5» 17, 406, 411, 442, 468, 469, 475, 476, 483 var. trilineatus 469 flavifrons 4607 foochowensis 469 fragilis 469 fuscanus Ae w= 469 fuscocephalus .. 17, 469 gelidus : 19 402 graminis ss oc AZO enophodes 470 halifaxii 470 hirsuteron ve wo impellens 170574015 470 imprimens 3. 47 infula t..1 470 japonicus : 471, 474 var, ceylonica ES AE ylongifurcatas 19, 471, 474 longipalpis A. longipes 471, 472 loricatus ier AGT ludlowi 406, 471 luteola So) 2G fp luteolateralis are, ATT macr pus 471, 472 maculatus ; Be wiley, mediclineatus .. dg) Aye microannulatus 411, 472 mMimeticus ‘ .. 9, 472 minimus 472 minor : 473 multimaculosus 473 nigricephalus 473 occidentalis 407 pallidostriatus .. 473 pallidothorax ee ;parascelos 18, 473 perplexus = 5) eAt78 tpettigrewii T5474 pipiens 457, 469, 487 pseudolongifurcatus 471, 474 pseudostenoetrus an CATA pulchriventer 474 pullus =» 474 pungens 468, 469 quasipipiens Me ATA. quasiunivittatus 474 reesli 474 rizali 474 volanat 472 sepositus meg GAs sericeus 411, 475 sitiens pa PAs stenoetrus 475 taytayensis ea 75 tigripes 19, 411, 475 tipuliformis sre Wn trilineatus 476 trimaculatus 476 tritaeniorhynchus 476 uncus : 476 Page Culex uniformis 476 univittatus = 2470 vagans 14, 476 ventralis 442 viridis 476 viridiventer 476 vishuui en 470 Culicada 54, 461 eruthrosops .. ser 402 minuta ae O2 nipponii 21, 462 suknaensis 21, 462 Culicales 409 439 Culicidae cc 33, 40, 53—58, 403—406, 408—414, 435, 504 Culicimorphae 55 Culicina eer EO Culicinae yy SO 405, 407, 409, 413, 439, 440, 450, 485, 486, cee 504 Culicini ac ake 54 Culiciomyia ac 456, 474 alis i 457 annulata .. 457 annuloabdominalis 457 ceylonica.. 457 inornata . 457 minutissima 457 nigerrima 457 pulla 457 Culiseta .. 54 Cyathomyia 517 jenseni .. 517 Cyclolepidopteron grabhamii 415 Cyrtoneura stabulans 67 D Dactylomyia ceylonica 517 Daniela 458 Danielsia albotaeniata 458 Dasymyia fusca 453 Dasyneura 57 Deinoceratinae 413 Deinocerites ae oe) A S7 Dendromyia 54, 5OI, 502, 503 achaetae .. a5 O83 aureochaeta 503 communis 503 scintillans 503 Dendromyinae 410 Desvoidea ae ot 6 fapicalis .. sie 5 obturbans.. a 4 panalectros 5, 468 | “* Desvoidia ’’ ye Ct Desvoidya 440, 441, 453 obturbans ; oo Chiat Diachlorus 321, 361, 303; 364 flavipennis 364 Diatomineura 364, 365 Dichelacera re Or Dilophus graciosus - 280 Dinoceratinae s« 409 Diplonema 38> 41, 03L0 Diptera 40, 42, 53, 58 Ditylomyta 379, 371 | iv Page Dixa a 54, 575 259, 264—269 tbifasciata 265, 269 fbistriata 265, 268, 269 maculata e200 fmaculipennis 265, 266 fmoutana 264, 265 tochrilineata 265, 267 Dixidae 264 Drymeia .. 56 E Eatonisca sks AG 38 Ectenopsis 373 Ekrinomyia aureostriata 440 Epialur.i Ss 409 Erephopsis Be 365 ‘* Etorilepidomyia ’’.. 440 Etiorleptiomyia ne 484 completiva 484 luzonensis -- 484 ‘« Etorlepitiomyia *’ 440, 453, 484 Eucorethra underwoodi Jas ES Euculicidae 55 Exoprosopa 57 F Feltidia 5 2) 8 4OE Ficalbia .. ae 487, 494 longirostris Te 404 minima - 494 simplex : 494 tenax =o, SiL7, Filaria bancrofti ag 2G Finlaya 485, 517 aranetana Soy 243C poicilia - 486 Finlayia 440 G Gastroxides 365, 370, 372 ater 370, 371 ornatus Bo sf! Gettonomyta 459 Goeldia te A SOW Grabhamia 54; 461, 489 ambigua Se) 46 jamaciensis 461 ochracea .. 461 pulcripalpis 14 spenceri 461 sollicitans .. 461 taeniarostris se 401 Grahamia 27, 489 H Haemagoginae Be CE Haemagogus 12, 488 Haematobia 61, 62, 63, 66, 82, 83 extgua ac 86 fevox 50 So- <5: geniculata bo (8 Page | Haematobia irritans .. ein)’. 8 jrufipes .. 64, 65 sanguisugens 64, 65 serrata GIONS stimulans 59, 63, 64, 65 tibialis em 63 Haematobosca 59, 60, 61, 62 atripalpis Wea O2 Haematopota 32I—360I1, 375, 401 fannandalei 321, 335, 337, oe 338 astatica 321, 340, 341 yassamensis 321, 343, 345 atomaria 321, 331, 332, ; 333 ;bilineata 321, 331, 350 borneana 321, 329 brevis 322, 349 cana . 322, 330 cilipes . 322, 339, 360 cingalensis 322, 349, 350, 351 cingulata 322, 326, 327 cordigera 322, 351, 357 decova .. 337 }dissimilis 322, 331 dorsalis Dow) able y/ yfasciata 322, 358 fuscifrons 322, 357 yimmaculata 322, 359 yinconspicua 322, 358, 359. 360 indiana -+ 328 irrorata 322, 352 javana - 321, 322, 334, 340, 341, 344. 349 lata 322, 336, 338, 339, 344, 345. 361, 401 +latifascia 322, 356, 358 limbata 322, 325, 326 lunata . 380, 381 lunulata 322, 354, 355, 356 +marginata 322, 347 nigra 322, 340, 341 pachycera 322, 336, 337 pallens -» 348 pluvialis 323, 340, 341 punctifera 322, 327 pungens 352, 353 roralis 322, 323, 330 rubida 322, 327, 336, Pighss 337, 338, 339 sinensis 322, 345 singularis 322, 327. 337, 338, 339 tessellata 322, 348, 350 unizonata 322, 332 tvalidicornis 322, 333, 335, 337, 338 _ Vittata.. aisle G7 Harpagomyia 4445 504 : splendens +» 504 Heliconia brasiliensis 404,442, 449 ‘* Hebotomus ’’ minutus 320 Page Heinzmannia * 502, 503 Heptaphlebomyinae .. 54, 409 Hodgesia .. 30 487, 500 malayi iSO quasisanguinae 501 sanguinea 501 Howardia ns i .423 Howardina 54, 423, 485, 490 chrysolineata 450 greeni 450 himalay.ana 456 ‘* Hulecoeteomyia’’ .. 455 Hulecoetomyia S 455 fluviatilis 455 jugraensis 455 pseudotaeniata 455 trilineata I4, 455 K Kerteszia mcgregori .. 431 Kingia annandalei 443 i Lamellibranchiata 55 Laphria 57 Laverania aoe Leicesteria ¥ 453, 454, 485 anuulitarsis Som 454 apicalis 454 cingulata.. 454 ‘* dolicocephala "’ 455 dolichocephala 455 longipalpis ee 455 Leicesteriomyia 452, 453 flava .. Ee a3 Lemna arrhiza 404 minor st .. ~404 Lepidotomyia 458, 459, 486, 487 alboscutellata Be. Ke magna ., 458, 459 taeniata he 450 Leptosomatomyia lateralis . 488 Leucomyia 411, 462, 463, 478, 480 gelida ; sr 20 var, cuneata : 20 var. sinensis 20, 463 sinensis ma 20 Limatinae 407, 410 Limatus .. yh cee Limnobiinae 35 Longipalpi 55 ‘* Lophocelomyia *’ 427 Lophoceratomyia -. 463 }bicornuta 25, 463 brevipalpis 25, 463 eminentia sh 403 fraudatrix 25, 26, 463 mamunilifer 463 minor 463 niger 463 rubithoracis 463 sylvestris 465 taeniata 465 uniformis 465 variata 465 Page Lophomyia asiatica 427 Lophoscelomyia : 424, 427 | asiatica 427 Tudlowia. . 493 chamberlaini. 493 | minima : 28493 Lyperosia 60, 61, 66, 82, 83 exigua 6o, 83, 86, 89 ;flavohirta 83, 89 irritans 59, 83, 87, 89 minuta 60, 83, 84, 88 sevvata os 83 titillans 83 M Malaya .. re 501, 503 genurostris 503 Mansonia.. 440, 481, 483 annulata aA S2 annulifera Pease annulipes ae 411, 482, 483 anopheloides .. 412 arabica 482 chrysogona 482 nevo Be acl? seguini : 482, 483 septempunctata Bee ksi} uniformis 22, 406, 482, 483 Mansonioides 440, 482, 483 annulifera 22, 483 septemguttata 483 | Megalorhini Aes 409 Megalorhinina 410 Megarhinae 407, 409 Megarhininae 413, 434 Megarhinus Die ee 435 54375430 | ambotnensis 435 ferox 438 gilesit a eA O tmMisevicors 438, 439 lewaldti 435 | minimus 435 splendens 435 subultfer 430 | Melanoconion 54, 484, 480, 490 juxtapallidiceps 484 | ornatus 484. pallidiceps 484 uniformis 484 Mesomyia 373 Metanototricha 409 Metantotrichina ; 410 Micrococcus melitensis Te eASO | Mimomyia 453, 487, 488, 492, 493 | chamberlaint 492, 493 minuta 30, 492 Mochlonyx 317, 318, 405 effoetus joe» UY) velutina .. SS HRY/ Musca ‘ P 59, 91 corvina ate aie 82 domestica ee, 90 pungens : 68 Muscidae 56,5 59—93 Mucidus 439, 440 laniger 440 vi | Page | Mucidus mucidus -- 440 scatophagoides 4, 440 | Muscinae as 56, 83, 493 Mycetophila ; 57 Mycteromyia : 365, 373 nigrifacies Sm S15) _ Myzomyia 54,95, 97, 98, Ior, 103—107, 415—418, 421, 422, 517 albirostris 418, 421 annularis .. 418 aurirostris 517 azriki 418 barbirostris 406 christophersi 2, 98, 418, 420 culicifacies 2), 190,975 98, 106, 404, 407, 418, 420, 422 var. punjabensis 98, 106 deceptor 418, 434 dthali ea AIO) elegans 106, 109, 417, 419 fuliginosus sal AOS funesta 400, 419, 424 var. umbrosa 419 var. sub-umbrosa.. 419 indefinita .. 406, 419 jehafti 419 kumasit oe AO leptomeres 96, 97, 98, 106, 419, 434 leucophyrus 417, 420 listoni 96, 97, 98, 106, 420 ludlowii 406, 419, 420 pseudobarbirostris 4.06 punctulata 420, 421, 432 rossii a2 OO a4 OO. _ 419, 421, 433 var. indefinita 419 tessellata .. 422 thorntoni .. Bon LI turkhudi .. 96—g99, 106, ; : 404, 422, 424 sinensis See Cig vanus 400 Myzorhynuchus 95, 99, 100, 102, 103, 105, 106, 107, 109, 415, 424 albotaeniatus 424 alboannulatus 424 barbirostris 3, 99, 102, 103, 106, 407, 424—427 indiensis 427 minutus 425 nigerrimus 99, 102, 103, 106, 425 peditaeniatus 425 philippinensts 426 pictus. . 427 pseudobarbirostris 426 pseudopictus 426 separatus en 420 | sinensis 4, 99, 102, 103, 106, 411, 424, 425, 420, 427 vil Page 427 Myzorhynchus umbrosus : 102, 426, 427 vanus N Neocellia 95, 96, 100, IOI, 105, 106, 107 428, 432 dudgeoni 100, 102, 106, 432 indica TOO; 101, 102, 106, 407, 432 intermedia 100, 102, 106, 432 stephenst 102, 106, 430 willmori 102, 106, 430 Neomacleaya indica .. 458 var, simplex 458 Neomyzomyia : 109, 418 | elegans ICQ, 417, 419, 423 leucophyrus 417, 420 ** Neonyssorhynchus ’’ SOx Nemocera ve ae 38 Nemopalpus st ne Ke: {Neostethopheles 97, 98, 103, 104, 106, 407, 415, 422 altkent 98, 106, 407, 422 culiciformis 98, 106, 422, 423 immaculatus 98, 106 tNeotobanus ss 321, 363 yceylonicus 5) SOK) Nepenthes alata 501 | rafflesiana 438 {Nyssomyzomyia IOI, 104, 106, 108, 418, 420 ludlowt AQT eA22 punctulata 421, 422, 432 vosstt 106, 407, 421, 422 | Nyssorhynchus 95, 96, 99, 100, IOI, 104, 106, 107, 109, 415, 423, 428, 431 fuliginosus 3, 99, 100, 106, 428 var. adiei 106 var. nagpori 106 var, pallida 428 indiensis 428, 429 jamesii 3, 99, 100, 106, 429 karwari 99, 100, 101, 100, 429 leucophyrus 417 maculatus 3, 99, 100, 106, 407, 429 maculipalpis 99, 100, IOI, 106, Rees, 429 var. indiensis 106 niivipes 429, 430 philippinensis 426, 430 pseudowillmori 430 punctulata 432 | Page Nyssorhynchus stephensi 3, 99, 106, 430 theobaldi 99, 100, 106, : 430 willmori 3, 99, 106, 430 O Oculeomyia fulleri .. ae ASS sarawakii 485 ‘* Oculiomyia ’’ 5 485 Odontomyia oe Nace SSIS, Oestridae ae 8 59 O’ Reillia ar Sah ASA. Orthopodomyia 440, 485, 480 albipes 30, 486 }maculata 29, 486 maculipes 486 nigritarsis 486 P Pangonia 57+ 395, 366, 367, 373 amboinensis 305, 306, 368 conica Pat 373 longivostris .. 365 rufa : 367 Pangoninae 364, 370, 374 Panoplites Se Pe {Parabrunettia 289, 290, 291 310, 311 falbohumeralis 311, 312 argenteopunctata 311, 312 artisquamis 311, 312 fflavicollis 311, 312, 314 flongichaeta 311, 312, 314 fo-notata 311, 312. 313 squamipennis 311 Pardomyia aurantia. . 460 quadripunctis 469 Parhaematopota 231750365 cognata 337 {Patagiamyia 97, 98, 104, 106, 107, 109, 407, 415, 416, 417 gigas 98, 106, 407 lindesayi 99, 106 var. maculata 106 Pecomyia 459, 460 caeca af 459 maculata a 400 Pelorempis americana 318 Penthetria 270 melanaspis . te e205 Pericoma 38, 39, 41, 289, 290, 291, 30I—310 annandalei 301, 304 appendiculata 289, 302, 304 bella : 289, 302, 304, A 230537507 gilvipes 303, 306, 307, 308 yimpunctata 303, 309 lacteitarsis 303, 306, 307, 308 margininotata 289, 290, 297, 302, 304—308, 311 vill j _ © Pseudomyzomyia ”’ Page Pericoma j;metatarsalis 302, 305 jmixta 303, 306, 307 +proxima .. 303, 307, 308 spinicornis 289, 290, 302, ae 304 +squaminervis 301, 303 yunicolor .. 303, 309 Phagomyia gubernatoris 456 Philaematomyia insignis 90, 93 Philodendromyia barkeri 503 Phlebotomi 20 319 Phlebotomiella As 37 Phlebotomus 35—52, 289, 319, 504 angustipennis 38, 51, 52 argentipes 37, 38, 4244, 46, 47, 49—51, 319, 320 var. margin- atus 319 Tbabu 37, 44, 49—52, 319, 320 *var. niger 320 cruciatus see ey. duboscqui 37, 38 | +himalayensis 37, 44, 50, 51, 319 fmajor 37, 44, 46, 47, 51, 319, 320 *var. grisea 320 ;malabaricus 37, 44, 48 50, 289 marginatus oie) SHO) mascittii 37, 38 minutus. 37 papatasi 355 375 38, aa: Si, 52, 289, 319, 320 perturbans 35, 38, 44, 47—49, 289 tipuliformis =e 37, vexator .. oe 37 Phlebotominae 38, 39, 289 Philaematomyia 59, 89, gI Phoniomyia 501, 502 bimaculipes - EES OZ caeruleocephala ven OZ indica 502 ‘* Phonomyia ”’ 502 | Plecia 270—272 | yatra 271, 272 | fulvicollis 27 O27. tindica 270, 271 melanaspis 269, 271 | fobscura 271 e272 subvarians 271 tergorata 270, 271 thoracica 271 $Pleciomyia 269 melanaspis 270, 271 Polylepidomyia argenteiventris .. 502 Popea RI 410, 485 lutea 485, 517 Poppea 410, 485 Potisa x2 Sa SSH {Pristirhynchomyia . 59, 91 tlineata QI, 92 Promachus . 57 t{Pseudocarrollia 12, 454 ylophoventralis 1 3, 454 Page Pseudograbhamia 460, 4890 maculata 14, 460 tPseudograhamia 26, 460, 489 faureoventer 27, 460, 489 _ Pseudohowardina chrysoscuta 456 95, 100, IOI. 106, 421, 422 rossi 95, 100, IOI, 106 | Pseudoskusea Ae aD 488 mediolineata 451 multiplex 450 nigrotarsis 450 Pseudostegomyia : Ags Pseudotheobaldia niveitaeniata . aS Pseudouranotaenia parangensis.. 494 ieee -. 494 Psorophora ; So. zelc{o) Psorophorinae 413 Psychoda 38, 30, 41, 289—301, 310—315 albonigra 289, 292, 294, 295 albonotata 289, 294, 298 yalbopicta 293, 296 yapicalis 291, 294, 301 argenteopunctata 200573KE artisquamis .. 310, 311 bengalensis 230 200.8202. 295, 303, 308, 312, 314 ydecora 294, 299 ;distans es 293, 296 distincta 289, 290, 294, 208, iii }fulvohirta 293, 297, 208 tgeniculata 292, 294 Thirtipennis .. 294, 300 +maculipenuis 294, 299 nigripennis .. 289, 290, 293, 297—300 yorbicularis 292, 293, 298 squamipennis 290, 311 ftratlsversa .. 294, 299, 300 vittata 289, 293, 298 Psychodidae 38, 40, 43, 57, 289 Psychodinae a 38, 289 Ptychopterinae Ac bo GS Pyretophorus 95; 97, 99, 104, 106, 107, 418, 423, , 433 costalis .. 99, 407 elegans 96, 97, 99, 106, 417, 423 freerae ao) 2S jeyporiensis 96, 97, 99, 106 minimus Bo 283 nigrifasciatus 096,97, 99, 106, 424 nursei 96, 97,99, 106, 424 palestinensis 99, 407 philippinensts 430 punctulata 96, 97, 99, 106 watsonii ae eezd ix Q Page Quasistegomyia SPs 443, 447 gardneri 443 R Rachionotomyia ceylonensis 455 Radioculex clavipalpus 26, 465 Ramcia n 504, 5C5 inepta Men SOS Reedomyia 458, 486, 487 ss alboscutella 22 eee S701) alboscutellata 487 | lowisii 5 487 niveoscutellata 487 | pampangensis ee 474 || Rhinomyza Bs 365, 369 | fusca e309 Rhynchomyia 493 Rhyphidae 259 Rhyphus 259—263 Tdistinctus 260, 262, 263, 264 tdivisus 269, 263, 264 fenestralis 259, 261, 264 *var. indicus .. 259, 261 indicus so. AOE maculipennis 259, 260, 261 +pulchricornis 259, 260 punctatus 259, 262 Runchomyia 493, 501 philippinensis 403 Ss Sabethes .. 501 Sabethinae 405 Sabethini 54 Sabethoides oe SOL Sayomyta 317, 318, 504, 505 Scatopse brunnescens a 205 fnigronitida .. 281 Sciara era 57 Scutomyia 5 448, 452, 453 albolineata so Lge nivea : 452 notoscripta 452 subsp. samar- ensis 452 sugens 452 treubi ees Ly, Silvius 365, 373 tindianus pees 74 vituli ae ve 3a Simulium 56, 282—288, 445 taureohirtum 282, 286, 287 tgriseifrons 282, 285 tgrisescens 282, 283, 284 indicum 282, 284, 286, 288 tmetatarsalis 282, 284, 285 yrufibasis 282, 285 trufithorax swaneoe tsenilis 282, 288 Siphona .. d 66 | Siphonatae 55 Siphoniata 55 Page Skeiromyia 488, 498, 500 fusca a 500 Skusea .. 450, 488 culiciformis eee AST diurna 33, 451 funerea Ae 45S var. ornata 451 mediofasciata . ae AGI ypseudodiurna .. 32, 455 pseudomediofasciata 451 yuniformis 33,451 fSquamomyia . 28, 489 tinornata. 28, 489 Stegomyia 10, 12, 439, 443, 444, 447, 448, 453, 456 yalbipes ‘ II, 444 albolateralis 444 albopictus .. 449 amesii 444 yannandalei IO, 444 annulirostris 444 argenteomaculata 444 assamensis 12, 445 aurostriata 445 brevipalpis -. 445 calopus 406, 446 crassipes 445 desmotes .. 445 dissimilis .. en 445 fasciata 8, 406, 411, 436, 446, 449 var. luciensis 446 frater a= 446 fusca 447» 491 gavdnert 447 gracilis 447 imitator 447 leucomeres 447 medio-punctata 447 microptera 447 ;minutissima Q;, 11; 4, 448 nigritia 517 nivea 5 448 periskelata 448 perplexa 448 pipersalata 448 pseudonivea 448 punctolateralis 448 scutellaris 8,9, 446, 448, 449 subsp. sama- rensis 449 sexlineata .. 449 striocrura .. 449 thomsoni .. 450 tripunctata 450 w-alba : 450 Stethomyia 95°97 106, 415 culiciformis , 106, 423 fragilis we 423 pallida Ee oy ee, Stomoxinae ae 59, 60 Stomoxys 56, 59. 61, 63, 66, 67, 81, 82, 83 aculeata +E a 69 auvifactes .. siete OG bengalensis 68, 71, 79, 80 Stomoxys brunnipes.. 38 | calcitrans 59, 63, 66, 67, 68, 73—76, 79, Si noes, chrysocephala - 69 clavipennis .. 69 cunctans 69 dacnusa 81 diva 69 flavescens 69 indica -59, 68, 77, 78, 79, 80 infesta ‘ : 69 inimica 69, 72 tyvitans Ae 66 ? libatrix 6on72 4\ limbata (?) 68,77, 78, 79, 80 | minuta ae 69 | nigra ei 79 | toblongopunctata 67, 73 omega : . 81 plurinotata.. 677473 praecox 50 69 pulla 59, 68, 80, 81 pungens ne 69 pusilla 68, 80, 81 vubrifrons : 69 sellata : 74 sitiens 68, 75, 76 stimulans 3 66 sugillatrix 69 tesseliata : 68 }triangularis. . 68, 77 vulnervans ae 69 Stygeromyia : 59, O1, 62, 82 maculosa. . Si 82 | Sycorax .. Tr Tabanidae 112, 321, 401, 492 Tabaninae af 321 Tabanus 58, I11I—258, 321, 361, 363, 364, 380, 401 abazus st 240, 247 abbreviatus Life SER Deisie 232, 235 abscondens 118, 161, 231, 235 t+adjacens 247, 248 administrans 167, 168, 171, 231 agricola 133, 135, 231, 248 albilateralis .. 128, 23 albilinea So AS albimedius TLS, U5L. 154, 155, 156, 157, 231, 233, 2345 235 albocostatus 146, 190, 231 talbofasciatus 116, 146, 231, 235 alboscutatus 122, 9h30 92S Ls 235 albulus 136, 231 alexandrinus So DG, amaenus T1Q, dO7, 169, 231, 235, 236 andamantcus. . 217, 231 Page | Tabanus angusticornis 236, 237 angustus 212, 231 annamitus 117, 149, 231, 235 apicalis 182, 216, 231 apricus 246, 247 ardens 2003. 2240231. 235 aspahanicus .. 247, 255 assamensis 194, 231 astur P wt 2A8 fatrohirtus 125, 209, 231, 235 auricinctus 22156289 auriflamma .. 117, 143, 148, 231, 235 tauristriatus .. 118, 149, 161, 231, 235 aurotestaceus II9, 149, 163, 231, 235 autumunalis E55), L685 LOO, 170, 171, 247, 253 barbarus : Powis G2{0) basalis 116; 147, TOOs230% 235 bicallosus Il4, 229, 231, 234 tbicinctus Mos 1A YA. TR EH ic 234, 235 bifarius 247, 254 bipunctatus .. Sens 4: birmanicus 124, 200, 201, 231, 235 bituberculatus 231, 236 borniensis 126, 216, 231, 235 bovinus 185, 245 bromius 246, 247 brunneus I Zi elO7eL Os 192, 237, 235 ;brunnipennis 158, 160, 231, 235 bubali 149, 166, 231, 235 bucolicus 136, 187, 231 buddha 236, 238, 239 caerulescens 124, 200, 203, 205, 225, 232, 235 calidus 156, 15751230 canipalpis 246, 247 ceylonicus 127, 129, 222, 223, 231, 233, 235 chinensis 152,231 chrysurus 23612375 23951239 cinctus mi Soe olay. cinevascens 215, 219, 220, 231 clausacella 167, 171, 231, 236 conformis : ese confuctus 236, 244, 245 conicus 3 232 consanguineus 123, 197, 232, 235 consocius ; 195, 196, 232 cordiger 236, 239, 244, 247, 254 costalis 153, 198, 232 crassus 122, 148, 189, 232, 235, 236 cyanops se 25 any, }cyprianus 247, 248 decorus bo Sey, tdiscrepans 122, 185, 232, 235 x1 Page Tabanus tdissimilis .. 121, 180, 181, 232, 235 ditaeniatus .. 115, 133, 134, 135, 232, 234, 235, 236 tdiversifrons 1260) 2135 204, 2305, 232, 235 dives 186, 206, 207, 232 dorsiger TOS dorsilinea PEO Wyo) 232 eggeri 187, 247, 249 equestris 139, 140, 232 erythrocephalus 7 530 explicatus 122, I9I1, 232, 235 factiosus T2017 Om 2325 235 felderi [OF TSO. 230, 2325 236 fevvidus 6 232 finalis : 182 {WHAVACINCEUSE ue 1LS, 130; 232.5 oe 234 tflavissimus 125, 207, 232, 235 flaviventris 126,213), 2145 282.7235,1230 +flavothorax 124, 201, 232, Ee 235 flexilis 116, 140, 141, 143, ae 232, 233 +formosiensis T2720 2325 236 fulvicornis .. 246, 247 fulvimedius .. 123, 197, 198, 232, 233, 235, 236 fulvissimus U2he 205.207 232, 235 fulvus TZ Ube sg) LGA), 231, 232, 235, 236 fumifer LUZ LT Ov ani7i3s 174, 175, 177, 179, 180, 185, 186, 208, 217, 232, 235 fumipennis 200, 225, 232, 235 fuscicauda 126, 214, 217, 231 : 232, 235 | fiuscicornis 116, 144, 232, 235 | tfuscomaculatus 122, 183 | geniculatus TSS 200) 2325235 gigas ; ene 2A glaber 161, 247, 249 graecus 5¢ nee 2A7. || gratus : 129 guineensis SILOS hilaris 117, 153, 164, 232, 235 hirticeps ae se 230 thirtipalpis 114, 129, 232, 234 thirtistriatus FES) 1585 232, ; 235 hirtus 127, 227, 232 hoang 134, 236 humilis be cep ets) hybridus 118, 149, 162, 163, i ; 232), 235 ignobilis 121, 180, 181, 232, SAG 235 | imimanis 149, 166, 200, 232, 235 | Tabanus incultus Page 188, 199, 232, 235 tindianus L2OpD7Ss Los. 2325 233, 235, 236 indicus ae 198, 232 infuscatus 246, 247 tinobservatus 124, 204, 205, 226, 232, 235 inscitus aie ee 232 intermedius 187, 249 tnternus V7.3 PL 775 2325 235 ispahanicus .. 247, 255 ixion 200.) 220), 233), 235 japonicus : a5 ele javanus EL Ges on 2990) 255 joidus 125. 147,209, 2205 212, 233, 235 jucundus 119, 164, 233, 235 justorius T2a, 1925 193, 233; 235 khasiensis 123, 193, 2335 255 lacvyymans sa 233 lama Be ee {S) laotianus 200. 212, 220; 233, 235 leucocnematus II5, 130—132, 233, 234 fleucohirtus 125, 208, 209, 233, 235 leucopogon 122, 184, 188, 233, 235 leucopterus .. 40 wists: leucosparsus 1675 187, 233) 235 lineola 198 longicornis .. 5. mug yS) lunatus ve 5 Beal macey A 36 233 ;malayensis L2G) D7 sy Diyos : 233, 235 mandarinus 119, 168, 170, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237 manilensts 150, 152, 233 megalops 150, 152, 233 melanognathus 200, 226, 233, 235 melanopygatus 197, 233 mentitus (?) 17.17 Oneas minimus 221, 233 }miyajima 247, 250 montlifer 159, 173, 233 monotaeniatus 118, 159, 160, 233, 235, 401 montanus 246, 247 miihlfeldi ey yy, {negativus Dine 1375 2535 235 nemocallosus Trl 372535 234 nephodes 116, 145, 233, 235 nexus 121, I81', 233, 235 nicobarensis T23\/191, 233; , 235 nigrita ot an | 2A nigromaculatus 2335 235 nigropictus 125, 210, 233, 235 xii tsexcinctus 115, 133, 234 | Page Tabanus nigrotectus 124, 202, 233, 235 nitidulus 223, 233 niveipalpis 246, 247 | ¢non-optatus .. 116, 140, 233, 235 obconicus 126 2ihs 235 235 obscuratus .. 203, 205 | obsoletus ie eos occidentalis .. en LOS optatus 116,139, 140; 141, 231, 232, 233, 234, 3 235 orientalis 188, 196, 198, 233, ; 235 | orientis 123, 010512905 a19 7/5 198, 228, 232, 233, 235, 401 oxyceratus 123, 184, 195, 233, 235 pagodinus 197, 233 pallidepectoratus 125, 209, | é 233, 235 palpalis 125), 2025231, 23351 235 par 206, 207 partitus 150, 152, 233 pauper 125, 207, 233, 235 tperakiensis 124, 204, 233, 235 | perlinea 195, 199, 233 tpersis 247, 251 pictipennis TAO; 41415 143), | 233 polygonus .. 247, 252 polyzonatus .. ee +pratti 116, 14353144, 145, | 233, 235 | priscus L50,1157, 233 | puella os 136, 233 pulchellus .. sreeea 7 a pulchriventris 236, 243 | pulverifer 247, 254 pusillus 222, 223, 236, 242 fputeus LIQ, 165, 234, 235 pyvausta 188, 234 pyrrhoceras . She OES pyrvhus 134, 234, 236 quadrifarius .. 247, 254 quinquevittatus «« 198 | yrarus 114, 128, 234, 235 | rectus : Ni ity GES || reducens Se Sa NG rubicundus 120, 106; 172, VOT), 4232, 234) ; 235 rubidus UES 5 1 LSi50050, cf. 157, 234, 235 rubiginosus .. op cel vufidens ep e230 rufiventris 167, 185, 234 yufocallosus .. 150;2052, 234 rusticus 112, 135 sabuletorum 2A7 254 || sanguineus 123, 104,231, || Bs 234, 235, 236 servillei 122, 188, 234, 235 | Page Tabanus tsiamensis 125, 212, 234, 235 signatipennis 167, 236 signifer 122, 167, 181, 182, 234, 236 tsignificans 122, 182, 234, 235, 250 simplissimus L27Qne2t 2246 233, 234, 235 stnicus 150, 152, 234, 236 solstitialis 56 CAG tspeciosus TTS, 057523452355 236 spectabilis 247, 253,255 speculum .. eas spoliatus : areal AL +stantoni 1205 57491 005220775 208, 232, 234, 235 striatus 117, 129, 149 151—153, 155, 156, 198, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235 +subcallosus 127, 227, 234 +subcinerascens D2O=. 2G 234, 235 subhirtus 127 2TO 2) site } 334, 235 sumatrensis so 234 taeniatus .. ote taeniola St bo.) AS} tataricus 236, 242 tenebrosus 124, 203, 234, 2355 237, 243 tenens aa 150, 152, 234 (Therioplectes) 112, 113, 127, 227, 236, 247 albilatera- lis Beez 30 hirticeps 236 hirtus .. 228 pulchri- ventris 236 tsubcallo- SUS Eas see 27/6 234 twyvillei,. 229, 234 +tinctothorax 124, 202, 234, ; 235 triangularis Fa ley, tricolor ag oxy tyvigeminus 170, 171, 234, 237 trigonus 237, 243, 244, 245 trilineatus .. AG. Heys tristis 119, 163, 234, 235 trivittatus .. fetOS +tuberculatus 1275722052346 : 235 umbrinus ., ee 247, umbrosus 156,157, 234 unifasciatus eee a7, funiformis 127, 218, 234, 235 univentris 125, 186, 206, 207, 232, 234, 235 156, 157, 234 116, 140, 141, 143, 234, 235 vagus vanderwulpi xa Page Tabanus varicolor 120, 172, 234; 235 variegatus .. 172, 234 virgo LTS 2 Oy 240-233), , 234 | vittatus .. 5A MUGS twyvillei .. W277 238A yao 236, 237, 244, 245 yokoamensis 237, 246 M223 On) 2375 244, 246, 247 Tabanus (Atylotus) ‘Tachinidae be 441, 453, 502 Taeniorhynchus 468, 478, 480, 481 ager .. DOTA e argenteus 462, 478 aureosquammatus 478 aurites 479, 482 brevicellulus en d7O confinnis eee AZO) conopas 35 lve) domesticus 55 2/0) tepidesmus 22s 2A AO lineatopennis 479 tluteoabdominalis.. 23. 479 ochraceus ee AO pagei .. 78 450 tenax.. 22, 480 var. ocellata.. 480 var. maculipes 480 var. maculipes arabiensis 480 whitmorei 5o EO) Teromyia yd 435, 439 acaudata .. ee She) ater . 438 funestus .. e435 magnificus .. 438, 439 quasiferox 55) ZIG) raris ve 439 Theobaldia annulata 459 spathipalpis e459 Theobaldiomyia * 462, 478, 480 argentea eee OZ gelidus 411, 462 var. bipunctata 465 var. cuneata 463 sinensis : 463 whitmoret Se lores Theobaldinella 54, 459 Theobaldius te ser 4:59 Therioplectes Piss bies 02770227. Dale 2I 22d albilateralis 235 hirtus 229, 230, 235 tsubcallosus 235 twyvillei dy BBE Tipula .. wa 57, 318 culactformis aa Sz flavicans ale 317 pallida Ae 317 plumicornts .. lay, punctipennis .. ee Sly Tipulinae as 55 Tipulidae 55> 57 ‘Topomyia iz 185, 499 argyropalpis -» 409 argyroventralis 199, 500 Topomyia decorabilis durbitans gracilis minor .. nigra Be rubithoracis ‘* rubithorax ”’ tipuliformis Toxorhynchites amboinensis argenteotarsis brevipalpis gilesii. . immisericors 436, inornatus javaensis leicesteri lewaldii marshalli *“ metallica ’’ metallicus minimus speciosus splendens subulifer Trichomyia sc Trichopronomyia annulata Trichoprosoponinae .. Trichorhynchomyia fuscus Trichovhynchus ay: U 435, 436, Page 499, 437. 4, 437; 410, 499 499 499 500 500 500 500 500 439 435 435 435 435 435; 438 436 436 437 437 435 437 437 437 435 437 437 38 477 413 477 477 Udenocera 32 GOls 408 brunnea ee 302 Uranotaenia 439, 453, 487, 493. 494, 495. 495 argyrotarsis OS ascidiicola Pee Gali, atra 495 bicolor .. 495 bimaculata 495 bimaculialia 495 caeruleocephala var. lateralis 495. 490 campestris 495 cancer 490 ceylonica 496 fusca 496 lateralis... r 496 longirostris 496 lutescens 490 maculipleura 490 malayi we* 400 maxima.. 495, 497 mijcans aa) 407 mIntmMa .. 497 modesta or 407 nitidoventer 193, 497 NIVEA Was ne) 407 nivipleura 497 powelli - 497 testacea,. 20, 497 trilineata 498 unilineata 498 Uranotaenia unimaculata unimaculiala Uranotaeniinae Vv Veprius .. Verallina.. Verralina Verrallina butleri fragilis ob imitator indecorabilis malayi pygmaea xiv Page Page 498 | Verrallina virilis ce a eedo2 495 | AD aS W Worcesteria ye so LE | Wyeomyia ; 54. 447, 498, 501 | aranoides .. =e SOE «s 373 HUET ECA = aear. see SON 487 | greenii.. eee BON 489 | metallica .. Se 8OR B90, oa nepenthicola feresOl 49t Wyeomyinae 3s = «) =-503 491, 492 491 | 492 y 2 491,492 Zeugnomyia 487, 498, 499 495 gracilis .. 498 PREFATORY NOTE TO VOLUME IV. So many papers have been received and promised for the Records of the Indian Museum this year that it has been decided to publish a special volume (vol. iv) devoted to the systematic and geographical study of Diptera proved to be or likely to prove of economic or medical importance. The papers that constitute this volume will be issued as they are ready, concurrently with the parts of volume v, which will be devoted to general zoology. The preparation of vol. iv has been rendered possible by the untiring industry of Mr. E. Brunetti, by the assistance generously given by private collectors (notably by Lt-Col. E. A. W. Hall, I.M.S.) and by the liberality with which the Trustees of the Indian Museum have permitted their scientific officers to travel through India to collect and observe. These circumstances have combined to render our collection of Indian Diptera one of great importance and have enabled the Museum to resume the position as a centre of entomological work that it held in the days of Wood-Mason and de Nicéville. In addition to Mr. Theobald’s report on recent additions to the collection of mosquitoes with which it commences, this volume will contain a revision of the Oriental Gad-flies by Miss Ricardo, a revi- sion of the Oriental blood-sucking Muscide by Mr. Brunetti, an ac- count of the Indian Papataci flies (Phlebotomus) by Dr. Annandale, a revision of the Oriental Diptera Pupipara by Dr. Speiser, a revision of the Oriental Trypetidze (fruit-flies) by Prof. Bezzi, and other papers and notes. An account of the Indian Chironomidz (including many blood-sucking species) has been received from Prof. Kieffer and is now in the press, but as the group is a large one and has hitherto been almost completely neglected so far as Indian forms are concerned, this paper will be published in the Memozrs of the Indian Museum. N. ANNANDALE, Indian Museum, Superintendent. Calcutta : Feb. oth, 1910. a wh wi: ie mahi vy ek aa of a ; ae vin Vedat ULE. eee ee eI Rite wptee ar bate yl iecrmi rane, Mis Ger ete SAE ey flere E oe hah auloie ints Soe 9 CLASES ane pe eee - a sake, 2 this Oise 1 spars eed za 8 hes 1s old ; Sites sa Rad Tee sek Tih ibis eer Teas Afar eos ae oaL: Som} Se meals a as fre ins ares abe Haiti GeO Ue Pe Tame eeigeee aN se eac ee: pa ibSt MEP Stee ee yenaie a bates? ve ee ie Poe d a ee Bovnets ada 15; et oan Vee eee Rae: Sy ea icy gine BY ds j ss : 5 aS aaa y a. oh Aaiizes ' as aS Regs oT ee ieee ae WES, ee ; iad rege sare Daa lie Ne Sate ig es at gk he 3; i et re EOS yen ” y = : Blew : a ao an “id pe od Raye a bsnly oh pores oe & Gane ae ioe Mi aia, arpa aoa ay bois re sheer fe ROY (Rg: a Fan Se fae te vet Pens SES Teer peer Pit ete Ihe ep a i Behe a4 Pence ‘ ts ae Ce eB os i wy f AA f 3 ee rei a5 ey ahs axes ita. Ns I Wie: esas hota: eit e erg te, Ala pane bf OOdUALM Oe WLashstes / oe ariies at Ride Piece BYE hs Prenat anne rr ane ge biote Might Tes te ath Petites 7 € 4 - 7 » he ke’ Hod vay eae - git > ON FRM) rn es ells eat oe epee Lh Jo ‘aa ye Bi 5 re vy x aL — 7g i} oi raw ue 3) ; re “1 (SP eae © o> Eto ima’ Gas fit ae # pe fi Sees ee me) ae sn aR ay ky 3% ee . E ce “ lhe igen’ ot il Wyn vie parehs - * -_ ’ 7 : = * a =m Ae i } a e £ “ . ee Po CON DERE PORT ON "THE COLLECTION OP SCULIChDis IN VTH ER TNDTAN MUSEUM , Cee Ut hre VW hee REET TONS: OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES. By FRED. V. THEOBALD, M.A, etc. NOTE. The following report and descriptions of new species of Culicide is based on further collections belonging to the Indian Museum, Calcutta, sent me in 1908.' The types will be found in that Museum, but some co-types, where possible, have been retained for the British Museum of Natural History. Twenty new species are described and four new genera, also on2 new variety of an Anopheline. The series of banded-proboscis Culex provisionally placed as Culex tmpellens, Walker, must be specially worked out, as I find such wide variation that it is impossible to separate them and it is likely that several of the more recently described banded-proboscis species will have to sink as subspecies under one of the older names. This cannot be settled off-hand, males and females must be bred and the genitalia of the former and the larve examined before any further advance can be made in this group of Culex. SPECIES IN THE COLLECTION. Family CULICID. 1. Anopheles lindesayi, Giles, var. maculata, var. nov. A very distinct variety of this marked species. The wings have a dense black spot of scales at the base of the long vein, a dense black spot of scales at the cross-veins, another at the base of the first fork-cell, a smaller one at the base of the second fork-cell and the outer edge of the costa, the first long vein and the base of the branches of the first fork-cell all very dark. ‘There are no pale spots on the wing fringe. Habitat Kurseong, 5,000 feet, Darjiling district, FE. Himalayas (Annandale). Time of capture 5-vii-08. 1 The first report was published in the Records of the Indian Museum, vol. it, part iii, Oct. 1908, pp. 287—302. The species figured in the plates accompany- ing this report were described in the former report —Ep., Rec. Ind. Mus. 2 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor lve Observations.—A single perfect female. Evidently only a variety of Giles’s species, but the marked maculation of the wings gives it a very different appearance. 2. Myzomyia rossit, Giles. Journ. Trop. Med., Oct., 1899. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, ‘‘in house,” ro and 1I-viii-o8 (R. E. Lloyd) and 28-viii-08 (2) (2. H. Burkill) ; “‘ common below leather hoods of hired carriages and in public galleries of Indian Museum,” vii-o8 (Annandale); Balliganj, near Calcutta, 9-x-08 (2) (7. Bentham) ; Bamungachi, Howrah, near Calcutta, 2 and 9-ix-08 (J. Caunter) ; Port Canning, Lower Bengal (2), 9-x-o8. Katihar, Purneah dis- trict, N. Bengal, 6-viii-o7 and 4—5-x-08 (2) (C. Paiva). Sur lake, near Puri, Orissa, 25 and 26-x-08 (2), ‘‘ biting by day when dis- turbed from old wells’”’ (A nnandaie). E. Bengal and Assam.—Chittagong, E. Bengal, 7-vili-08, 19 and 21-ix-08 (Lt.-Col. Hall). Madras Presidency.—Gopkuda Id., Chilka lake, Ganjam dis- trict, near Bengal frontier, 7—15-viit-07 (R. Hodgart). Travancore State—Trivandrum, Vaikum (coastal region), Shencottah on the Madras frontier (e. side of W. Ghats), Kulattupuzha (w. base of W. Ghats): all collected by Dr. Annan- dale between 5 and 25-xi-08. The Punjab —Ferozepore (Lt.-Col. Adte) (34). At sea.—On board ship 10 miles off Coconada on the Madras coast, 17-iv-08 (C. Patva). NoTrEe.—One specimen from Calcutta, quite typical, with label stating that it was determined by Giles as Anopheles costals; he does not mention this in his Handbook. 3. Myzomyra culicifacies, Giles. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, p. 197, Igor. Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Rajmahal, 31-viii-o7 (Kk. Hodgart). Burma.—Mandalay, 7 and @ ‘‘ in bathroom,’’ 13 and 14-11-08 (Annandale). The United Provinces —Vucknow, 21-1-08 (Rk. Hodgart). The Punjab.—Ferozepore (Lt.-Col. Adie). 4. Myzomyta christophersi, Theob. Proc. Royal Soc., \xix 91378 \ian; 1902: Localities and Dates. Benga!.—Calcutta (Lt.-Col. Alcock). E. Bengal and Assam.—Meenglas, Dooars, Jalpaiguri, 13-vili-07 (C. Wallich) (1); Sylhet, Assam, 2-v-05 (Lt.-Col. Hall). 1910. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 3 5. Nyssorhynchus janestt, Theob. Mono. Culictd., i, p. 134, Igor. i Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, 5-vill-o8 (Annandale) ; Shamnagar, 3-viii-05 (C. A. Gourlay) (3). 6. Nyssorhynchus fuliginosus, Giles. Handbk. Gnats, p. 160, Ist Edit., 1900. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta (Museum premises), r5-vii-o8 and 12-viii-08, “at light in house,’’ 14-viii-o8, ‘‘ in bungalow at light” (Annandale); Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 23 and 24-x-08, ‘‘ numer- ous in old wells, resting by day ’’ (Annandale). The Punjab.—Ferozepore (20) (Li.-Col. Adte). 7. Nyssorhynchus maculatus, Theob. Mono. Culicid., i, p. 171, Igor. Localities and Dates. Nepal.—Nara Ghat, Bengal frontier, 25 and 26-11-08 ; Thamas- pur, Bengal frontier, 18 and 20-11-08 (mus. collr.), 7 and @. Three rather large specimens but otherwise quite typical; the apical abdominal scales quite distinct. One o from the Punjab (?) has the outer costal border very dark, showing no third pale costal spot. 8. Nyssorhynchus willmort, James-Theobald, Mono. Culicid., iti, p. 100, 1903. FE. Bengal.—Meenglas, Dooars, Jalpaiguri, 13-vii-o7 (C. Wal- lich). 9g. Nyssorhynchus stephenst, Liston. Ind. Med, Gaz., Bengal.—Calcutta, ‘‘ flying by day in Museum garden,’’ 15-vi1-08 (Annandale). Ravi INO. £2. TOOL. 10. Cellia pulcherrima, Theob. Proc. Royal Soc., p. 369, vol. xix, 1902. The Punjab.—Ferozepore (Lt.-Col. Adie). 11. Myzorhynchus barbirostris, Van der Wulp. Leyden Museum Notes, vi, p. 46, 1884. Localities and Dates. E.. Bengal and Assam.—15-i-07, Chittagong, 15-viii-o8 (Lt.-Col. Hall), 4 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, Travancore State-—Nedumangad, ten miles N.E. of Trivan- drum, 14-xi-o8 (Annandale). 12. Mvyzorhynchus sinensis, Wiedemann. Ausser. Zweifl. Ins., p. 547, 1828. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta (Museum premises), 9-vi-08, 28-vii-o8, and viii-o8, ‘‘in bathroom ’’ (Annandale); Damukdia Ghat, R. Ganges, 30-iv-08, “‘ at light on board steamer” (Annandale). Assam.—Sylhet, 13-i-03, 13-104, 20-i-03, 26-103, 23-11-05, 27-v-00, 4 and 7-vi-05, 24-vii-o8 (Li-Col. Hall); Ukhrul, Manipur, 6,400 feet, lat. 25° N., long. 94-95° E., viii-o8 (Rev. W. Pettigrew) (16). The Punjab.—Ferozepore (Lt-Co/. Adie). Travancore State.—-Maddathorai, w. base of W. Ghats, 18-ix-09 (Annandale). 13. Toxorhynchites tmmisericors, Wk. Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond., p. 91, 1860. 9. Thorax clothed with metallic green and bronze scales, pale apple-green and pale blue at the sides in front and up to the base of the wings ; pleurze dense'y silvery white-scaled, dark above and below; head with a rich brown tinge in some lights, green in others, paler around the eyes; palpi and proboscis metallic purple and violet with mauve scales at the apex of the palpi. Abdomen as in the male but the tail tuft more pronounced. Fore legs with the metatarsals and first tarsal segments creamy white, rest dark: mid legs with the base of the metatarsals creamy white and all the first three tarsals; hind legs with the first two tarsals white. Note.—The @ is redescribed here as the specimen in the British Museum was too damaged to do so. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengai.—Calcutta (Museum compound), 6-i-07, 2, 16, 28 and. 31-vil-07 (6), 2, 5, 6 and 26 vili-o7 (19) (Annandale); (Zoological Gardens), 9-vii and 12-vili-o8 (2) (Annandale). E. Bengal and Assam.—Chittagong, 3-ix-o8 (Li.-Col. Hall) ; Sylhet, Assam, 5-v-05 (Lt.-Col. Hall). The Himalayas.—Bhim Tal, 4,500 feet, Kumaon, 19 and 22-ix- 06 (Annandale). 14. Mucidus scataphagoides, 'Theob. Mono. Culictd., i, p. 277, I190l. N. Bengal.—Purneah, 5-viii-o7 (19 ) (C. Patva). 15. Desvoidea obturbans, Wik. (and varieties). Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond., iv, p. 91, 1860. 19:0. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicida, 5 Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, 21-i-08, 13-iii-07, I6-ili-07, I5-vii-o7, 22-vii- 07, 2-viii-07, 6-viii-07 (5), 28-i-08 (Annandale), 3 and 4-vii1-07 (2), 15-Viii-07, 2-viii-o7, 23-viii-o7, 4, 7 and 15-xii-08, “‘ biting by day”’ (C. Paiva); Balliganj, near Calcutta, 30-ix, 9 and 11-x-08 (T. Ben- tham); Rajmahal, 30-vii-o7 (R Hodgart). The Himalayas.—Sukna, 500 feet, base of EK. Himalayas, Darjiling district, I-vii-o8 , ‘‘in deep jungle’”’ (Annandale) ; Kurseong, 5,000 feet, Darjiling district, E. H.malayas, 5-vii-08 (Annandale). Travancore.—Trivandrum, 14-xi-o8 (Annandale). ‘Numerous specimens of this species were reared in July, 1909, by Mr. G. H. Tipper, from a glass of water left standing on a table in the office of the Geological Survey of India, Calcutta”’ (Annandale). 16. Desvoidea panalectros, Giles. The co-type (Reg. No. *$3°) is nothing but an immature large Culex fatigans, Wied., with distinct abdominal banding. 17. Desvoidea apicalts, sp. nov. Head dark brown, paler around the eyes; palpi and proboscis black. ‘Thorax bronzy brown, with a pale line around the front and sides; pleuree brown with silvery white-scaled areas. Abdomen black with prominent apical yellow bands and snowy white lateral spots. Legs black, unbanded, bases and venter of femora white. 2. Head clothed with flat violet-black scales, some white ones forming a central line and small creamy curved ones forming a border around the eyes; a tuft of pale golden chetz projecting between the eyes, dark ones at the sides; clypeus black with small creamy spindle-shaped scales; palpi and proboscis deep violet-black ; antenne black, the basal segment testaceous and black with small creamy scales, base of the second segment bright ferruginous. Thorax black with narrow-curved almost hair-like bronzy scales, broader and pale ones forming a border around the front and sides of the mesothorax, the scales longer, broader and larger before the scutellum ; a dense tuft of brown cheetz over the roots of the wings; scutellum clothed with flat violet scales, border bristles rich brown; metanotum brown; pleura brown with patches of flat white scales. Abdomen black with violet reflections, all the segments but the first and last two with broad yellow apical bands, narrowed at the sides, and not passing quite to the edges; posterior border bristles small, brown with pale reflections ; large lateral white spots, most marked on the apical segments. Legs black, unbanded, femora pale beneath, the hind pair white below and at the base; chete dark (in some lights the legs have a brassy sheen); fore and mid ungues equal and uniserrate , hind equal and simple. 6 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, Wings with short fork-cells, nearly equal in length; the first submarginal narrower than the second posterior, its base a little nearer the apex of the wing, its stem nearly as long as the cell, stem of the second posterior as long as the cell, about one-and-a-half times its own length distant from the mid. Halteres with a pale testaceous stem, fuscous scales towards the white knob. Length 6 mm. Habitat Balighai near Puri, Orissa. Time of capture 24-x-08 (Annandale). Observations.—Described from a single perfect @. It is a typical Desvoidea and can be told at once by the very pronounced apical yellow abdominal bands. 18. Brevirhynchus magnus, Theob. (Pls. ii and iii, wing and wing scales.) Recalnd. Musi it, p.-202, 1008. Additional Localities and Dates. The Himalayas.—Sukna, 500 feet, base of E. Himalayas, Darjiling district, I-vii-o8, ‘‘in thick jungle” (Annandale). Travancore.—Maddathorai, w. base of W. Ghats, 17-xi-08 (Annandale) (1 @ ). 1g. Brevirhynchus annulipalpis, sp. nov. Thorax black with scanty dull golden scales, arranged in rather obscure lines, sides and front of the mesonotum pale scaled ; pleuree with patches of white scales. Head black, pale in middle. The rather long black palpi with a snow-white band. Proboscis black, unbanded. Abdomen black with snowy white bands near the apex of some of the segments and with long thin lateral creamy spots. Legs dark with basal pale bands and pale cheetez. @. Head clothed with rather large, loose, flat dark scales, showing dull violet reflections, similar creamy ones forming a narrow median area, some creamy ones around the eyes and small almost white lateral flat scales, a few thick black chetz at the eye borders and golden ones between the eyes; clypeus dark with small flat pale scales; proboscis rather short, thick and uniformly black, metallic. Palpi about half the length of the proboscis, black with metallic violet reflections, a broad white band about the middle and a narrow creamy one nearer the base: antennz black, basal segment and base of the second bright testaceous, the former with small flat dark and creamy scales. Thorax black, clothed with long narrow-curved black, coppery and creamy scales, the latter in rather indistinct lines, sides of the mesonotum with rather broader pale creamy curved scales, which also pass around the front; the scales are larger, long and lanceolate over the roots of the wings, creamy and violet; dense dark brown cheetze also over the roots of the wings; scutellum large, clothed with loosely ap- plied flat violet and creamy scales and with rich brown border 1910. | F, V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 7 bristles ; metanotum shiny black, shagreened over its surface ; pleurze brown with irregular patches of creamy white scales, which extend up to the edge of the pale areas of the mesonotum; prothoracic lobes with flat creamy white scales. Abdomen black with violet reflections, the first segment un- banded, with very fine pale hairs, second segment with a large creamy median basal spot, traces of a pale area on each side near the apex, but not nearly forming a band, the third to fifth segments with almost complete white bands towards the apical borders; a trace of pale scales on the sixth, similar to the second; apical segment with a brassy sheen and some golden brown chetz, a yellow lateral line on each segment; venter black and white. Legs black with white basal bands; femora black, pale beneath, in the hind pair white at the base and below except at the apex; a pale, almost white spot at the base of the fore meta- tarsals and first two tarsi, in the mid legs the banding is slightly more pronounced, especially on the metatarsi, in the hind legs all the tarsi have basal white bands and the chete are prominently pale, ungues equal and simple. Wings with dense brown scales; the first submarginal cell longer and narrower than the second posterior cell, its base nearer the base of the wing, its stem less than one-third the length of the cell; stem of the second posterior not quite as long as the cell; posterior cross-vein nearly twice its own length distant from the mid; halteres with the stem grey, then fuscous and the knob creamy white. Length 5 5 mm. Habitat Maddathorai, w. base of W. Ghats, Travancore (Annandale). Time of capture 16-xi-08. Observations.—Described from a single perfect @. At once told from any other known member of the genus by the banded palpi. The abdomen is relatively long and thin. The proboscis is short and thick but not so bent as in the type of the genus. 20. Brevirhynchus apicalis, sp. nov. Head ochreous with a median and two lateral black patches ; proboscis and palpi black. Thorax deep golden brown scaled with a pale ochreous border around the sides and front; pleuree brown with creamy patches of scales; abdomen black, with apical vellow bands, show ng some faint traces of a median pale line, lateral median white spots and ochreous venter. Legs brown with nar- row apical pale bands. @. Head with flat ochreous scales, a small median dark- scaled patch in front, then a large and then a small dark-scaled lateral patch, borders of the eyes ochreous, golden cheetee project- ing between them, brown ones at the sides; eyes coppery red ; clypeus brown, palpi long and thin, black, traces of a narrow pale 8 Records of the Indian Museum. [ VoL. IV, band towards the base; proboscis black ; antennz brown, basal segment bright ferruginous, with small flat grey and fuscous scales, base of the second segment ferruginous. Thorax black, thickly clothed with narrow-curved deep golden brown to bronzy scales, with a distinct ochreous hordei surround- ing the sides and front, some paler broader scales and golden brown cheete over the roots of the wings; scutellum clothed with flat black and ochraceous scales, mixed together ; border bristles golden; metanotum chestnut-brown ; pleurze brown with patches of small flat creamy scales. Abdomen black, the second to sixth segments with prominent broad yellow apical bands, expanded in the middle but not con- tinued quite to the edge of the segments, seventh witha few pale scales, eighth mostly ochreous scaled ; each segment with a median lateral pale spot; venter ochreous. Legs brown, hind femora pale beneath, apex of tibiz with a pale ochreous spot con- tinued on to the base of the metatarsus, the tibiz with narrow apt- cal and basal pale yellow bands; fore and mid ungues uniserrate, hind equal and simple. Wings with rather short fork-cells ; the first submarginal cell a little longer and narrower than the second posterior cell, its base slightly nearer the apex of the wing, its stem more than half the length of the cell, stem of the second posterior not quite as long as the cell ; posterior cross-vein long, twice its own length distant from the mid. Halteres with pale stem and fuscous knob. Length 8 mm. Habitat Sylhet, Assam (Lt.-Col. Hall). Time of capture 26-vi-: 5. Observations.— Described from a single 9. It is a large and distinct species easily identified by the apical and basal leg band- ing, apical abdominal bands and ochreous venter. ‘The length of the palpi and short thick proboscis agree with Brevirhynchus, but the head and thoracic scales, although of the same general form, are not so large as in the other two species. I see no reason however to separate it from that genus. 21. Stegomyta fasciata, Fabricius. Syst. Antl., p. 36, 13, 1805. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, 27-vii-o7, 27-viii-o7 (C. Paiva), 28-vii-08 (I. H. Burkill), “ in Museum building,” vii-o8 (T. Bentham), July and August 07 (mus. colly.); Puri, Orissa coast, 18 and I9-i-09 (Annandale). ‘* Not so common in Calcutta as S. scutellaris”’ (Annandale). FE, Bengal and Assam.—Chittagong, 21-ix-03 (Lt-Col. Hall). Madras Presidency,—Madras town, 31-x-08 (R. Hodgart). Burma.— Rangoon, “‘ in house, biting by day,” 25-ii-08 ; Man- dalay, 12-111-08 (Annandale). TQIO. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 9 At sea—On board ship, Bay of Bengal, between mouth of R. Hooghly and Rangoon, 22 and 23-it-08 (Annandale) ; on board ship, 10 miles off Coconada on the Madras Coast, 15-iv-08(C. Paiva). **T found.this species common on board ship all the way from Calcutta to’Rangoon in February ’’ (Annandale). 22. Stegomyia scutellaris, Wik. Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond., iti, p. 77 (1859). Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, r1-iti-o8 (2), 15 and 23-vil-07, 6-vili-07 (1), 19-ix-07 (6), 3I-vii-07, 5-viii-o7, (Zoological Gardens) 12-vii-08, 2-vili-o7 (Annandale); Purneah, N. Bengal, 5-viii-o7, Bhogaon, Purneah district, N. Bengal, 7-x-08 (8), 9-x-08 (1) (C. Pazva) ; Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 23 and 26-x-08 (Annandale). ‘‘ Very abundant in Calcutta between March and November ”’ (Annandale). The Himaiayas.—Sukna, 500 feet, base of FE. Himalayas, Darjiling district, r and 2-vii-o8 (7), “‘only troublesome during day’ (Annandale); Bhim Tal, 4.500 feet, Kumaon, ‘‘ breeds in hollow trees in jungle,” ix-06 (Annandale). Madras.—Madras town, 30-x-08 (7) (R. Hodgart). Travancore State.—Trivandrum, 14-xi-o8 (2), Maddathorai (w. base of the Western Ghats), 18-x-08 (Annandale). . The United Provinces.—Shahjahanpur, ‘‘day biting’’ (G. M. Giles), one @ named by Giles Culex albopictus, Skiise. Burma.—Mandalay, IT-iii-o8, “‘ not uncommon in house ’ (Annandale). Ceylon.—Colombo, Victoria Gardens, 26-iv-08 (C. Patva). ) 23. Culex mimeticus, Noé. Bull. Soc. Ent. Ttal., xxxi, p. 240, 1899. The Himalayas.—Theog, 8,000 feet, Simla Hills, 2-v-07 (1 2 ) (Annandale). Nepal.—Thamaspur, Bengal frontier; 18 and 20-11-08 (Io), large specimen (mus. collr.). 24. Stegomyia minulissima, sp. nov. Head black, a white border to eyes and white median spot in front between them ; palpi black with white apices ; proboscis black. Thorax deep brown with a small grey-scaied area in front, grey scales in front of the roots of the wings and three short creamy lines behind. Abdomen black with narrow white basal bands and white lateral spots. Legs dark brown with basal white bands ; mid femora with a marked median white spot and white apex: hind femora white at base. Very small species. 9. Head clothed with flat black scales, a large median triangular white-scaled area in front and a pale border to the eyes ; clypeus dark brown; palpi black with snowy white apices ; 10 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, proboscis black; antennee deep brown, basal segment with white scales; some golden brown chet project between the eyes. Thorax black, the greater surface clothed with bronzy brown longer narrow-curved scales, a small area near the head anda small wedge-shaped area on each side in front of the wings with dull white scales, some pale creamy scales which form three indis- tinct lines behind in some lights; scutellum with flat black scales with dull violet reflections and some white ones on the lateral lobes ; pleure brown with flat white-scaled spots. Cheetee brown and black. Abdomen black with narrow basal white bands and basal snowy white lateral spots. Legs deep brown; the first pair with a basal white band to the first tarsal, the mid with a median white spot on the femora, the apex white and a basal white band to the metatarsal and first tarsal; the hind with the femora white at the base, and all the segments with a basal white band except the last; some large black cheete at the apices of the segments in the hind legs ; fore and mid ungues uniserrate, hind simple. Wings with typical large brown Stegomyian scales on the basal region, dense narrow linear ones on the apical areas of the veins ; the first submarginal cell longer and narrower than the second posterior, their bases nearly level. Stem of the first fork-cell about half the length of the cell, stem of the second posterior about two-thirds the length of the cell; posterior cross-vein twice its own length distant from the mid. Length 2°5 mm. Habitat Sukna, 500 feet, base of E. Himalayas, Darjiling district (Annandale). Time of capture 1-vii-08. Observations.—Described from 392’s. One of the smallest Stegomyi@ I have seen. It can easily be told by the thoracic orna- mentation and the white round spot on the femora of the mid legs. One specimen was taken in a bungalow. 25. Stegomyta annandalei, sp. nov. Head black with a large median white patch ; palpi black with snowy white apices ; proboscis black. ‘Thorax black-brown with a snowy white patch in front and one over the roots of the wings. Abdomen jet-black with snowy white basal bands which gradu- ally swell out laterally. Legs black banded with snowy white, the hind legs with a band at the base of the metatarsals, first tarsals and the whole of the third white. @. Head clothed with flat black scales, with a large median triangular snowy white patch and a small dull white lateral patch, some black cheetze in front; palpi black-scaled with broad snowy white apices: proboscis black; antenne deep brown, basal seg- ment with dense snowy white scales. Thorax shiny black, clothed with long bronzy brown narrow- curved scales, except for a small snowy white patch of similar scales in front and a patch of flat snowy white scales over the base 1910. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. i of the wings oneach side; supra-alar cheetze dense, black and long ; scutellum with the mid lobe clothed with flat black scales, the lateral lobes with flat white scales ; border bristles black , metano- tum deep brown; pleura dark with numerous white patches of scales. Abdomen black with four snowy white basal bands on the last four segments, which broaden out laterally, the two preced- ing segments with basal white lateral spots. Legs black, the fore and mid with basal white bands on the metatarsi and first tarsal ; the hind with a basal white band on the metatarsi and first tarsal segments, the second all dark, the third nearly all white, the fourth dark ; ungues apparently all simple. Wings with brown scales ; fork-cells short, the first submargi- nal longer and narrower than the second posterior, its stem a little nearer the base of the wing than that of the second posterior, its stem about two-thirds the length of the cell ; stem of the second posterior nearly as long as the cell; posterior cross-vein rather more than twice its own length distant from the mid. Length 2°8 mm. Habitat Sukna, 500 feet, base of EK. Himalayas, Darjiling district (Annandale). Time of capture vit-o8. Observations.—Described from a single perfect @. It resem- bles Stegomyia minutissima but can at once be told by the banding of the posterior legs and still more definitely by the flat white scales forming the lateral thoracic patches. The specimen was taken in a bungalow. \ 26. Stegomyta albipes, sp. nov. Thorax brown, a small silvery white patch in front and a white-scaled line running down to the base of the wings where there is a large snowy white patch extending on to the dorsum and scutellum. Head black, white in the middle; palpi black with snowy apex; proboscis black. Abdomen black with narrow basal white bands and large snowy white lateral basal spots. Legs with broad basal white bands, last two hind tarsi white ; mid femora and tibie with a median white round spot. 9. Head black, clothed with flat black scales at the sides, white in the middle; chete black; proboscis and clypeus black ; palpi black with snowy white apices; antenne dark drown, basal segment with dense flat snowy white scales. Thorax dark with narrow-curved deep bronzy brown scales, snowy white ones forming a broadish line in front and extending laterally towards the wings before which they spread out into a large white patch, which passes on to the dorsum; this is composed of narrow-curved scales above and flat ones below; there is also a white line of narrow-cu'ved scales on each side just past the roots of the wings and a few white scales here and there before the scutellum ; supra-alar cheetee black; scutellum clothed with rather 1 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOESLW ¢ large flat snowy white scales; metanotum black; pleure black with silvery white puncta. Abdomen black with narrow basal snowy white bands and very large basal lateral white spots ; posterior border bristles pale, short. Legs black with white bands and spots; the fore femora pale at the base ventrally, fore tibia with a white median spot; knee spot white ; white bands to metatarsi and first tarsals ; mid femora with prominent white median spot (almost a band), a smaller one basally and a white apex, metatarsi and first tarsal basally white; hind femora white basally, and on most of the venter, apex white; tibiee with a white band on the apical half, metatarsi and first two tarsi basally snowy white, and all the last two tarsi; cheetee black ; ungues equal and simple. Wings with dark scales, base pale; first submarginal cell longer and narrower than the second posterior, its base nearer the base of the wing, its stem about half the length of the cell; stem of the second posterior about as long as the cell; posterior cross- vein rather more than twice its own length distant from the mid. Halteres with testaceous stem and deep fuscous knob. Length 3 mm. Habitat Maddathorai, w. base of W. Ghats, Travancore (Annandale). Time of capture 17-xi-08. Observations.—Desctibed from a perfect @. At once sepa- rated from any other S/egomyta by the last two hind tarsi being white and by the thoracic ornamentation, especially by the pre- alar white patch being composed of narrow-curved scales above, flat ones below. The femoral and tibial markings are also very distinctive. 27. Stegomyta assamensis, Theob. Rec. Ind. Mus., ti, p. 290, 1908. Travancore.—Pallode, twenty miles N.E. of Trivandrum, 15-x1-08 (Annandale), I small @. Genus PSEUDOCARROLLIA, gen. nov. Head clothed with flat scales and upright forked scales, a border of spindle-shaped scales around the eyes. Palpi of 9 about one-fourth the length of the proboscis. ‘Thorax with nar- row-curved scales; scutellurn with flat scales. Abdomen with dense ventral scale tufts on some of the apical segments. Fork- cells rather short, vein-scales rather thick. Allied to Carrollia (1jatz) but differs in having the scutellum with all flat scales and in the absence of narrow-curved scales forming a median basal area on the head. The marked ventral abdominal scale tufts resemble those of Carrollia and Hemagogus. 1910. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 13 28. Pseudocarrollia lophoventralis, sp. nov. Head black, a white border to eyes, eyes silvery above; pro- boscis and palpi jet-black; thorax with the front bright silvery white, also the scutellum, the posterior half of the mesonotum rich brown; pleuree with silvery white puncta. Abdomen black with a dull greenish tinge, basal lateral snow-white spots and basal white ventral bands, and ventral black scale tufts. Legs banded with white, base and apex of metatarsi white, also base of the front and hind first tarsal, base and apex of the mid; femora white at base and with a white apical spot on hind pair. 9. Head black, clothed with flat black scales and a narrow border of spindle-shaped white ones around the eyes; narrow black upright forked scales and black cheetz projecting forwards ; clypeus, palpi, antennee and proboscis all deep black ; eyes silvery around the edges, black in the centre. Thorax black, clothed on the front half with dense long nar- row-curved snowy white scales, not quite extending to the pleurze on each side, forming more of a large round patch, remainder of mesonotum with rich bronzy scales except for a few snowy white ones over the roots of the wings; supra-alar cheetee long and black ; scutellum black, thickly clothed with snowy white flat scales and golden border bristles; pleuree rich brown, with six or seven white spots ; metanotum black. Abdomen black, with the scales black, showing in some lights green and peacock-blue reflections, the green mainly at the tips of the scales; the segments with prominent basal lateral snow-white spots, six on each side, last segment small, basally white; poster- ior border bristles pale; venter black with snow-white basal bands, the fifth to the seventh segments with dense black out- standing scales, giving a tufted appearance. Legs black with white bands; front legs with apex of tibize an1 metatarsi white, and base of first tarsal; mid legs with femora white at the base ventrally, a small white apical spot, a white spot at the apex of tibiee, a white band at base and apex of metatarsi, also base and apex of first tarsal and a trace at the base of the second tarsal ; in the hind legs the base of the femora are snowy white and there is a large white apical band and the base and apex of the meta- tarsi banded white, also base of first tarsal; leg bristles black; fore and mid ungues uniserrate, hind simple. Wings with short fork-cells, the first submarginal narrow but no longer than the second posterior, its stem more than half the length of the cell; stem of the second posterior also more than half the length of the cell; posterior cross-vein about twice its own length distant from the mid, the latter and the supernumerary are in a straight line; scales brown, rather dense on the branches of the fork-cells. Halteres with testaceous stems and fuscous knobs. Length 5°5 mm. Habitat Purneah, N. Bengal (C. Patva). 14 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, Time of capture 0-viii-o7, ‘‘ resting on under side of leaf of licht tree during day”’ (C. Paiva) (1 @ ). Observations.—Described from a single perfect @. It clearly comes in a new genus, related to Lutz’s Carrollia. The very marked thoracic, abdominal and leg ornamentation will at once separate it from any species coming in the Stegomyian group. The ventral abdominal tufts are very marked. 29. Huleceteomyta trilineata, Leicester. The Entomologist, xxxvii, p. 163, 1904. FE. Himalayas.—Kurseong, 5,000 feet, Darjiling district, 3-vii- 08 (Annandale), 1 7 and 2 9’s. NotEe.—These answer exactly to Leicester’s carefully described species, but one @ shows distinct white abdominal basal bands and also the ~; the second @? is quite typical. 30. Grabhamia pulcripalpis, Rondani. Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital., iv, p. 31, 1872. Egypt.—On board ship at night, Suez Canal, 9-x-07 (Reg. Nos. ts and *3$°), 2 2’s (Annandale). Rather small specimens. ] 31. Pseudograbhania maculata, Theobald. Journ. Bomb, Nat. Hist. Soc., xvi, p. 244, £905. Madras.—Madras town, 30-x-08 (R. Hodgart),1¢. 32. Culex vagans, Wiedemann. Ausser. Zweifl. Ins., p. 545. @. Head brown with pale scales; palpi longer than probos- cis by about the apical segment, which is slightly shorter than the penultinate, deep brown, the last two segments with bright basal creamy bands and flaxen brown and brown hair tufts, long on the inner side of the penultimate segment and a long dark tuft on the apex of the ante-penultimate, which is swollen, two other broad pale bands below. Antenne brown with pale internodes and flaxen brown plume hairs. Thorax deep, rich brown with small narrow-curved golden brown scales; scutellum with paler narrow-curved scales, larger in size, with brown border bristles; metanotum brown. Abdomen deep brown, almost black, with basal white bands; hairy, hairs pale brown; basal lobes of genitalia very hairy, claspers broad- ish, with a large spine on the side near apex giving a bifurcate appearance and with dense fine hairs all along the outer edge. Legs deep brown, paler at the base with basal pale bands, ungues of fore and mid pairs unequal, uniserrate, the mid pair large (hind ? uniserrate). Wings with rather short fork-cells, the first longer and narrower than the second which is rather broad, their 1gIo. | F. V. THEOBALD: Repori on Culicide. 15 bases about level, the stems nearly as long as the cells; mid cross- vein about twice as long as the supernumerary and in a straight line with it; posterior cross-vein about the same length as the mid, about its own length distant from it. Length 5°2mm. Habitat Madras town (R. Hodgart). Time of capture 31-x-08. NotE —-This is the only @ of this species I have seen, so I have redescribed it. 33. Culex impellens, Wik. (°). Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond., iv, 9I. Localites and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, 31-i-o8, 5 and 7-i1i-07, 3-vi-08, 12-vit-08, 2i-vii-o8, 27 and 28-vii-o8, 30-vii-o7, 3I-vii-o8, 2—6-viii-07, 10-viii-08 , 13 and 14-viii-o8, ‘‘in bungalow ’’ (Annandale), 18-vii1-08,, 22-vili-o8, ‘‘in bathroom’’ (Annandale), 19-ix-07, 26-ix-08; Balli- ganj, near Calcutta, 20-vi-o8 (3) (T. Bentham); Port Canning, Lower Bengal, 19-x-08 (Annandale); Rajmahal, 31-vii-07 (2) (R. Hodgart); Purneah, N. Bengal, 6-viii-o7, Bhogaon, Purneah dis- trict, N. Bengal, 3-x-08 (2), 6-x-08 (1) (C. Paiva) ; Bettiah, Cham- paran, 7-iii-o8 (R. Hodgart); Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 25-x-08 (3), 26-x-o8 (8), 24-x-08 (2), ‘‘in house, bites occasionally by day,” 23-x-08 (6), ‘‘in house, comes to light” (Annandale). E. Bengal and Assam.—Chittagong, E. Bengal, 26-vii-08 (Lt.-Col. Hall). The Himalayas.—Sukna, 500 feet, base of FE. Himalayas, Darjiling district, I and 2-vii-08 (5), ‘‘ in deep jungle, biting by day’’ (Annandale). Nepal.—Thamaspur, Bengal frontier, 1o—r14-ii-o8, Sukwani, Bengal frontier, 15 and 16-ii-o8 (Butchu, mus. collr.). Burma.—Moulmein, L. Burma, 27-ii-08, ‘‘ abundant in house,” Rangoon, 24 and 25-ii-o8, Mandalay, 11 and 12-iii-o8 (Annandale). The United Provinces.—Lucknow, 21-iv-07 (1) (Annandale). Travancore and Cochin States.—Shencottah, Madras frontier (e. side of W. Ghats) (4); Pallode, twenty miles N.E. of Trivan- drum; Shasthancottah, twelve miles N.N.E. of Quilon; Trivan- drum; Nedumangad, ten miles N.E. of Trivandrum (2); Vaikum (coastal region); Kulattupuzha (w. base of W. Ghats); Tenmalai, W. Ghats (w. side); Ernakulam, Cochin State. All collected by Dr. Annandale between 4 and 25-xi-08. At sea.—At light on board ship five miles off Aleppey, Travancore, 4-v-08 (2) (C. Paiva). 34. Culex pettigrewit, sp. nov. Head brown with pale scales; palpi brown, pale-scaled apices ; proboscis pale except for a small dark band at the apex and base ; thorax rich brown, ornamented with a paler curved line on each 16 Records of the Indian: Museum. [VoL.; IV; side, another short one over the roots of the wings and two indis- tinct median pale lines in front, each with a central dark line. Abdomen deep brown, with basal grey bands, two grey median spots to the segments, almost joining on to the bands, sixth to eighth segments with many scattered ochreous scales; venter bright ochreous with scattered pale scales. Legs dark, minutely banded, apically and basally on the tarsi, the femora and tibiz with a pale creamy ventral line. Wangs with the subcostal vein pale-scaled. @. Head dark, clothed with rather large narrow-curved creamy scales and flat creamy lateral ones and dark chete in front; upright forked scales dark, a few pale ones in front; cly- peus brown with grey sheen; palpi brown with creamy scales at the apex and some nearer the base; proboscis dark at base and apex, the median creamy area with some scattered dark scales; antennee dark brown, base of the second segment bright testa- ceous. Thorax dark brown clothed with rich brown narrow-curved scales; a pale-scaled twice curved line on each side and a pale- scaled short line on each side in front and over the roots of the wings; in middle (in front) are traces of two parallel narrow dark lines with somewhat paler scales on each side; supra and pre- alar cheetee brown with pale apices, the supra-alar long and darker than the others; scutellum pale brown with narrow-curved pale scales and long brown posterior border bristles; the scales at the back of the mesonotum are similar in colour to those of the scutel- lum; metanotum bright brown; pleuree brown with patches of pale scales. Abdomen with the basal segment ochreous with pale scales, the second to fifth segments dark with grey basal bands which spread out in the middle and with two ochreous spots nearly touch- ing them, most pronounced on the fourth and fifth segments, the sixth with many ochreous scales dotted over the dark area, the seventh and eighth almost entirely ochreous; posterior border bristles thin and pale golden; venter bright ochreous-yellow with pale scales, a few dusky ones in the mid region. Legs rather long, dark, femora and tibiz pale below, those of the fore and mid legs with a pale-scaled line in addition; faint traces of very narrow apical and basal pale banding to the hind tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi, scarcely perceptible on the fore and mid legs; bases of the legs pallid; femora and tibize slightly spinose, pallid; ungues equal and simple. Wings with brown scales, a few creamy ones at the base of the costa and on all the subcostal vein and a few pale scales on the first long vein; first submarginal cell much longer and narrower than the second posterior cell, its base much nearer the base of the wing, its stem about one-third the length of the cell, stem of the second posterior nearly as long as the cell, posterior cross-vein not quite its own length distant from the mid cross-vein. Halteres ochreous with some fuscous scales on the knob. Length 6 mm. IQIO. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. Y7 Habitat Ukhrul, Manipur, 6,400 feet, lat. 25° N., long. 94— 95° E. (Rev. W. P. Pettigrew). Time of capture viii-08. Observations.—Described from a perfect ungorged 2. Three other °’s were fully gorged and black. The marked character of this species is the pale-scaled subcostal vein. The pale scales also occur here and there on the upper surface of the first long vein. The abdomen in the type is very marked but in two of the others, which are somewhat rubbed, the spots on the segments are not so distinguishable. 35. Culex fuscocephala, Theobald. Mono. Culcid., iv, p. 420, 1907. Travancore.—Pallode, twenty miles N.E. of Trivandrum, 15-xt-08 (Annandale), 1°. 36. Culex fatigans, Wiedemann. Ausser. Zweifl. Ins., p. 10, 1828. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, 7, 13 and 22-i-08, 31-i-08, 1-11-07, 17-11-08, 13-iii-07 (3), 29-iii-o8, 4-iv-o8, 1-v-08 (6), 21-vi-o8, 21, 27 and 28-vii-07 (4), 3—7-viii-o7, 25-iii and 22-vii-o8, ‘‘common in Museum premises’’ (Annandale), Balliganj, near Calcutta, 5 and 6-ii-08 (12) (J. B. Richardson); Rajmahal, 31-viii-o7(3) (R. Hod- gart); Bettiah, Champaran, 4-iii-08 (27), 5-iii-o8 (8) (R. Hodgart) ; Puri, Orissa coast, 18 and 19-i-08 (7), 20 and 21-i-08 (1) (Avnan- dale), 2-iii-o8 (2) (C. Paiva); Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 25-x-08 (Annandale). E. Bengal and Assam.—Rajshahi, 1—6-ii-07 (Annandale) ; Ukhrul, Manipur, 6,400 ft., lat. 25° N., long. 94—95° E., viii-o8 (Rev. W. Pettigrew). The Himalayas.—Naini Tal, Kumaon, 6—7,000 feet, 1908 (R. E. Lloyd); Dharampur, 5,000 feet, Simla hills, 13 and 14-v-08 (Annandale); Kurseong, 5,000 feet, E, Himalayas, Darjiling dis- trict, 3—5-vii-o8, Sukna, 500 feet, base of E. Himalayas, Darjiling district, I-vil-o8 (Annanda/e). Nepa!.—Thamaspur, Bengal frontier, 18—20-ii-08 (2), Daha- wangahary Hill, near Bengal frontier, 16-ii-o8 (Butchu, collr.) ; Khatmandu (two @’s), Oct. 1906 (kk. Hodgart). Burma.—Mandalay, 6-iii-o8, 11, 12, 13 and 17-11-08 (Amnan- dale), Rangoon, 1-i-05 (3), 3-i-05, 23-ii-05 (8) (Brunettr), 24-11-08 (3), 25-11-08 (3), 15-iii-o8, in house (Annandale); base of Dawna hills, 4-iii-o8, Moulmein, 27-i-08 (11), 7-it08, 27-it08 (2), 28-11-08, 6-ii1-08 (4), I2-1ii-08 (2) (Annandale). Travancore State.—Tenmalai (w. side of W. Ghats), 22-xi-o8 (Annandale). The United Provinces.—Lucknow, 21 and 27-i-08 (2), 5-ii-08 (R. Hodgart), 21-iv-o7 (4) (Annandale), 7-viii-o7 (Brunettt) ; Agra, 18 Records of the Indian Museum. [MOL SLVs 4-iv-05 (Brunettr) ; Dhikala, Naini Tal district, 22-iv-08 (4), 26-iv-08 (5), Chuharwala, Naini Tal district, 15-iv-o8 (3), Patair Naini Tal district, 27-iv-08 (3) (Hodgart). The Punjab (plains)—tWahore, 8-v-08 (11) (Annandale) . Ferozepore (Lt.-Col. Adie). At sea—Bay of Bengal, on ship between mouth of R. Hooghly and Rangoon, 22 and 23-i1-08 (Annandale). Java.—Soerabaya, 16—25-vii-06 (Bruneitt). Philippines.—Manilla, Io—16-11i-06 (Bruneitt). 37. Culex parascelos, sp. nov. Thorax golden brown, and with three paler median parallel lines, the areas between them darker than the sides; head, palpi and proboscis bright ochreous, apex of the latter black. Abdomen entirely clothed with ochreous scales. Legs ochreous-brown above, pale ochreous below with dark and ochreous linear ornamentation. Wings with ochreous and brown scales on the veins near costa ; fork-cells short ; ungues large, all uniserrate. @. Head brown with smal! narrow-curved pale golden scales, ochreous upright forked scales, somewhat darker behind; ochreous cheetze ; clypeus and palpi bright ochreous, almost golden yellow, the latter with prominent black cheetee; proboscis the same colour, dark at the apex, with black chete. Antenne brown, ochreous at base. Thorax deep brown, clothed with scanty small narrow-curved pale golden and rich golden brown scales, the former making two prominent lateral median lines and an indistinct median one; chetz bright golden brown; scutellum brown with narrow-curved pale golden scales and golden brown chetee; metanotum brown; pleure brown with patches of flat ochraceous scales. Abdomen dark, densely clothed with bright ochreous-yellow scales and pale border bristles; venter pale ochreous. Legs ochreous with dusky scales above, femora pale below; a marked yellow and black line showing on the femora and tibia ; ungues dark, all equal and uniserrate, rather thick. Wings tinged with yellow, some pale scales on the costa and sub-costal, remainder dark, except for a few creamy ones on the base of the first long vein; first submarginal cell much longer and narrower than the second posterior cell, its base slightly nearer the base of the wing, its stem about two-and-a-half times the length of the cell; stem of the broad second posterior as long as the cell; posterior cross-vein about the same length as the mid, not its own length distant from it. Length 5°5 mm. Habitat Madras town (R. Hodgart). Time of capture 30-x-08. Observations.—Described from two @’s. A very marked species easily told by the thoracic ornamentation, ochreous-scaled abdomen and lined legs. 1910. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 19 38. Culex longifurcatus, sp. nov. Thorax uniformly fuscous and smoky; head much the same colour but with some paler scales ; palpi, proboscis and antennze smoky brown; abdomen deep brown, with basal pale bands spreading out in the middle to form median patches; legs uni- formly smoky brown; wings rather long and narrow, fork-cells long, the veins and scales very thin. Male palpi thin, no hair tufts. Q. Head dark, clothed with dull creamy narrow-curved scales, small flat creamy lateral ones, numerous dark upright forked scales, some paler ones in front; palpi, clypeus, proboscis and antennee brown. Thorax dark brown with fuscous-brown scanty narrow-curved scales and brown cheetee; scutellum brown with similar narrow- curved scales; metanotum brown and testaceous; pleure dark brown and grey. Abdomen deep brown, with basal, almost white bands which are enlarged in the middle forming more or less pro- nounced spots: border bristles pallid; venter all grey-scaled. Legs long and thin, uniformly brown, except the venter of the femora which is completely creamy white; ungues equal and sim- ple. Wings large and long; fork-cells long; first submarginal cell longer and narrower than the second posterior, their bases nearly level, its stem about one-third the length of the cell: stem of the second posterior less than one-third the length of the cell ; posterior cross-vein longer than the mid about one-and-a-half times its own length distant from it; lateral vein scales on the apical areas of the veins long and thin. Length 5 mm. @. Palpilong and thin, dark brown, acuminate, no hair tufts, a few dark hairs and chetee; apex of proboscis swollen. Wings with relatively long fork-cells ; first submarginal cell narrower and longer than the second posterior, its stem less than one-third the length of the cell; stem of the second posterior rather more than half the length of the cell; posterior cross-vein nearly twice its own length distant from the mid. Fore and mid ungues unequal, both uniserrate, the larger with a large tooth, hind equal and simple. Length 4 to 4°45 mm. Habitat Dahawangahary Hill, near Bengal frontier, Nepal (Butchu, mus. collr.). Time of capture 16-ii-08. Observations.—Described from two ?’s and one ~. A very marked Culex with obscure ornamentation, easily told by the long fork-cells, very thin veins and large wings and long legs. ‘The male genitalia seem very marked but there is not enough material to dissect them. 39. Culex tigripes, Grandpré. Additional Localities and Dates. The Himalayas.—Kurseong, 5,000 feet, E. Himalayas, Dar- jiling district, 4-viii-o8 (Annandale). Burma.—Mandalay , 11-iii-o8 (Annandale). 20 Records of the Indian Museum. [Von. IV, 40. Culex concolor, Desvoidy. Mem. Soc. @ Hist. Nat. de Paris, iv, 405. Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta (Museum compound), 7-iii-o7, 4-vii-o7, 5-Vit-07 (6), 15-vii-07, 23-vii-07, 31-vii-o7, 3, 4 and 5-viii-o7 (Annan- dale), also in June, September, October and November (Annandale) (Zoological Gardens), 12-vii-o8 (2) and 26-vii-o8 (6) (Annandale) ; Balliganj near Calcutta (T. Bentham); Port Canning, Lower Bengal, December; Purneah, N. Bengal, 4—6-viii-o7 (C. Paiva) Damukdia Ghat, R. Ganges, July. Assam.—Sylhet, February, April, May, December (Lt.-Col. Hall); Manipur, August (C. A. Gourlay). Travancore State—Kulattupuzha (w. base of W. Ghats), 19-x1-08, “in bungalow” (Annandale). ’ . , 41. Leucomyia gelida, Theob. Mono. Cultcid., ii, p. 21, IgoT. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta (Museum premises), 3—4-vili-07, 5-Vviil, 7-vili and 9-viii-o7 (Annandale); Bhogaon, Purneah district, N. Bengal, 30-ix-08 (5), I-x-08 (2), 3-x-08(2), 7-x-08 (C. Pavva). FE. Bengal.—Rajshahi, 1—6-i1-07 (.4unandale). Burma.—Rangoon, 25-11-08 (Annandale). Madras Presidency.—Madras town, 30-x-08 (2), 31-x-08 (1) (Hodgart). Travancore and Cochin States —Kulattupuzha (w. base of W. Ghats); 19-xi-o8, coastal region, 5-xi-o8; Ernakulam, 4-xi-08 (Annandale). 42. Leucomvia gelida, var. cuneata, Theob. Mono. Culicid., ii, p. 22, 1901. Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 23-x-08, “‘at light”’ (Annandale). Travancore State-—Vaikum, coastal region, 5-xi-08; Kulattu- puzha (w. base of W. Ghats), 19-xi-08 (Annandale). 43. Leucomyta sinensis, Theob. Syn. L. gelida var. sinensis, Theob. Mono. Culicid., iti, p. 180, 1903. Bengal.—Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 23-x-08, “‘at light in house, becoming active after dark’ (Annandale). 1910. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 21 44. Culicada suknaénsis, sp. nov. Thorax ornamented with rich brown and dull golden yellow scales, the latter forming a curved line on each side in front and two rather indistinct median lines in front, the rich brown showing up as four obscure spots. Head dull golden yellow with two dark spots. Abdomen deep brown with basal creamy bands and large basal creamy lateral spots. Legs brown, pale at the base, with narrow basal yellow bands. Wings with a brownish yellow tinge. 9. Head dark brown, with small narrow-curved golden scales in the middle, dark upright forked scales behind, rich ochreous ones in front, a patch of dark flat scales at the sides bordered along the eyes with pale creamy scales and flat creamy ones placed still more laterally, the pale scales bordering the eyes are small narrow-curved ones; cheetee between the eyes bright golden brown, followed by some darker ones at the sides; clypeus, palpi and pro- boscis deep brown; antenne brown, basal segment bright golden yellow, with some small pale flat scales, base of second segment pale testaceous. Thorax deep rich brown, clothed with golden yellow and rich brown curved scales, the former as two obscure curved lateral lines and two broad median ones (the latter almost in one) and scattered irregularly over the posterior portion; a few paler ones in front of the roots of the wings and some short pale golden and brown chete ; supra-alar chetee brown; scutellum brown with small narrow- curved pale scales; metanotum almost black; pleuree deep brown, with patches of pale flat scales and tufts of golden brown cheetze. Abdomen deep brown, with basal yellow curved bands, and yellow prominent lateral spots; posterior border bristles pale golden; venter mostly clothed with large flat yellowish scales, almost white towards the base. Legs brown, femora pale ven- trally, metatarsi and all the tarsi with narrow pale yellow bands, pale knee spots, femora and tibize spinose, spines dusky and golden ; ungues all equal and uniserrate. Wings with short fork-cells; the first submarginal longer and narrower than the second posterior, its stem about two-thirds the length of the cell; its base nearly level with that of the second posterior cell; stem of the latter as long as the cell; posterior cross-vein longer than the mid, nearly twice its own length distant from it; the base of the subcostal and first long vein prominently densely scaled with black scales. Walteres with ochreous stems, fuscous knobs with pale creamy apical scales. Lengih 4to 5 mm. Habitat Sukna, 500 feet, Darjiling district, E. Himalayas (Annandale). Time of capture 1 and 2-vii-08. Observations.—Described from four perfect @’s. It comes near Culicada mpponit, Theobald, but can be told by the absence of pale apical abdominal scales and median grey scales and dark flat-scaled lateral cephalic patches. The abdomen in all four is 22 Records of the Indian Museum. [Voryive thick and short, but this may be due to ingested blood. The ornamentation of the thorax varies in different lights. The dark thick-scaled area at the base of the wing is very characteristic. The specimens were taken in dense jungle and bit during the day. 45. Mansontoides annulifera; Theob. Mono, Culicid., ii, p. 183, Igor. N. Bengal.—Bhogaon, Purneah district, 7-x-08 (9) (C. Patva). 46. Mansonia unttformis, Theob. Mono. Culicid., ii, p. 180, Igot. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, 2-vii-o7 (mus. colly.); Bhogaon, Purneah district, N. Bengal, 30-ix-08 (2), 1-x-08; Katihar, Purneah district, N. Bengal, 4—5-x-08 (4) (C. Paiva); Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 23-x-08 (3) (Annandale). Burma.—Rangoon, 25-11-08 (Annandale). Travancore and Cochin States.—Maddathorai (w. base of W. Ghats), I9-xi-08; Kulattupuzha (w. base of W. Ghats), 19-xi-08 ; Ernakulam, Cochin State, 4-xi-08 (8), ‘‘ very common in bungalow”’ (Annandale). 47. LTeaniorhynchus ager, Giles. The Entomologist, p. 196, July root. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Calcutta, 2-ii-o8 (Annandale); Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 26-x-08 (2) (Annandale). Burma.—Mandalay, 12-11-08 (Annandale). Travancore State-—Pallode, twenty miles N. E. of Trivan- drum, 14-xio8; Kerumadi, s. end of Vimbanad Lake, 6-xi-o8 (Annandale). 48. Teamniorhynchus tenax, Theob. Mono. Culicid., ii, p. 198, Igor. Bengal.—Balighai near Puri, Orissa, 23-x-08, one @ “‘at light’’ (Annandale). Rather smaller than the type. 49. Teniorhynchus epidesmus, sp. nov. Thorax brown, mottled with creamy scales and some grey ones in front of the roots of the wings ; proboscis pale with a nar- row black base and broader black apex. Abdomen black with very narrow golden ochraceous basal bands and very broad apical ones, a dark lateral line on each side of the segments, most pro- nounced on the apical ones, the penultimate all golden ochreous, the apical with two deep black spots. Legs ochreous brown with apical and basal pale banding on the darker tarsi. Wings with a IgIo. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 23 yellowish tinge, brownish scales and a pale spot towards the tip on the costa. ?. Head brown, clothed with pale creamy and ochreous nar- row-curved scales and broadly expanded black upright forked scales, paler in the middle of the head, chetze brown and pale ochreous; clypeus ochreous; palpi black-scaled with some ochreous scales and creamy scaled apices; proboscis with a very broad ochreous pale band, base and apex black; antenne brown towards the apices, testaceous towards the base. Thorax deep brown, clothed with creamy and brown narrow- curved scales, some paler before the roots of the wings, giving it a mot'led appearance; some short thick black chet just be- fore the roots of the wings, long brown and ochreous ones over the roots and behind them; scutellum brown, with small narrow pale scales and golden brown long border bristles; metanotum pale ochreous with a grey sheen; pleure brown and ochreous with patches of flat pale scales and golden hairs. Abdomen brown with violet reflections, basal segment golden ochreous with two small dark patches of scales; the remaining segments with natrow basal and very broad apical bright golden ochreous bands, except the last segment which has two promi- nent black spots; the other segments have more or less marked thin black lateral lines, except on the last two or three apical seg- ments where there are pale creamy lateral spots; venter ochreous- vellow. Legs ochreous with scattered dark scales, prominent at the apices of the femora and tibice and on their upper surfaces; tarsi slightly darker with apical and basal pale bands except on the last tarsal; ungues equal and simple. Wings with brown scales, a pale ochreous spot towards the tip on the costa and first long vein; the first submarginal cell longer and narrower than the second posterior, its base slightly nearer the base of the wing, its stem nearly one-fourth the length of the cell; stem of the second posterior not quite half the length of the cell; posterior cross-vein about twice its own length distant from the mid. MHalteres pale ochreous, with some small flat pale ochreous scales on the knob. Length 5°5 mm. Habitat Bhogaon, Purneah district, N. Bengal (C. Patva). Time of capture 2-x-o8. Observations.—Described from a single perfect female. The very bright and marked abdominal banding will at once separate this from other Teniorhynchi, together with the marbled thorax 50. Teniorhynchus lutcoabdominalts, sp. nov. Thorax brown, marbled with bright yellowish brown and grey scales on the front two-thirds, the rest bright brown-scaled, the pale scales most prominent on the posterior edge of the brown and pale-scaled area, also traces of a dark curved lateral line on each side before the wings. Head yellowish brown, slightly darkened 24 Records of the Indian Museun. [Vor. IV, at the sides, pale around the eyes; proboscis with a broad pale band, slightly darkened at the base and apex. Abdomen entirely clothed with golden ochreous scales. Legs unbanded, ochreous with slightly darkened tarsi. Wings with yellowish brown scales, the apex paler above. ’ ?. Head brown, clothed with narrow-curved pale scales, especially around the eye border, bright ochreous upright forked scales in the middle, darker ones at the sides ; small flat pale lat- eral scales; clypeus brown; palpi clothed with brown scales, a few pale ones dotted about and many at the apex; proboscis with a broad pale band, the dark base and apex with a few scattered pale scales; antenne brown, basal half gradually becoming bright testaceous. Thorax brown, the front two-thirds mainly clothed with very pale grey narrow-curved scales, particularly prominent on the posterior border of this region, two ochreous-brown-scaled spots in front amongst the pale scales and a somewhat nude dark curved line on each side in front of the roots of the wings, the hinder region of the mesothorax with mostly golden brown narrow- curved scales, but some pale ones arranged in lines; two promi- nent lines of rich golden brown cheetze behind and similar coloured cheetee over the roots of the wings; scutellum pale ochreous with small narrow-curved pale scales and nine bright golden brown posterior border bristles to the mid lobe; metanotum brown; pleuree brown and bright ochreous with some patches of small dull creamy flat scales. Abdomen clothed with bright golden ochreous scales, the second, third and fourth segments with a band towards their bases of similar coloured scales, darker at their apices, not forming dis- tinct bands, last segment with two median lateral dark spots; venter all golden ochraceous, also the whole of the first segment which has many pale golden thin hairs; posterior border bristles pale golden. Legs uniformly ochreous but with some dark scattered scales on the femora, with very pale reflections, no trace of banding ; ungues equal and simple. Wings with yellowish brown scales, the outer part of the apex slightly pale-scaled ; first submarginal cell longer and narrower than the second posterior cell, its base nearer the base of the wing, its stem not quite half the length of the cell, stem of the second pos- terior nearly two-thirds the length of the cell; posterior cross-vein about twice its own length distant from the mid; halteres very pale ochreous, almost creamy white. Length 5°8 mm. Habitat Katihar, Purneah district, N. Bengal (C. Patva). Time of capture 4 or 5-x-08. Observations.—Described from a single perfect @. It comes very near Tentorhynchus epidesmus, described previously, but the total absence of leg banding, the more marked thoracic ornamenta- tion and more marked pale wing spot separate it probably from that species. If it is the same it is a most marked variety. 1910. ] F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide No On 51. Chrysoconops pygmeus, Theobald. Pls. i and iii, wing and wing scales. Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, p. 300, 1908, @. @”. Head ochreous-brown with small narrow-curved golden scales and rich golden brown upright forked scales and golden cheetze; palpi and proboscis black, the apical segment a little more than half the length of the penultimate, bluntly acuminate. long dark hairs on the last two segments. Antenne brown with white internodes and dark brown plume hairs. Thorax shiny bright brown with narrow-curved golden scales and golden cheetze. Abdomen ochreous when pointed from the light, dark when to the light, of violet hue, the latter showing only on the apical borders in some lights. Genitalia with the claspers curved on themselves, broader and flat apically with a short, thick subapical dark spine. Legs uniformly dark brown with ochreous reflections, pale at their bases; fore ungues unequal, the larger with a small lateral basal tooth and a very large one near the middle, the smaller simple ; mid ungues unequal, the smaller simple, the larger with a large basal tooth and a narrower and more basal central one; hind ungues equal and simple. Wings with short fork-cells, the first longer and narrower than the second, its base nearer the apex of the wing, its stem as long as the cell; stem of the second posterior as long as the cell; posterior cross-vein as long as the mid, about twice its own length distant from it. Length 5 mm. Habitat Purneah, N. Bengal (C. Paiva); Rajmahal, Bengal (R. Hodgart) ; and Calcutta (Annandale). Time of capture 6-viii-o7 31-vii-07, 17-vii-07. Observatsons.—The 2 was described in the first report. One @ has been retained as a co-type for the British Museum collection. Dr. Annandale says the eyes of the male are iridescent green in life. 52. Lophoceratomyta bicornuta, sp. nov. Head of male very similar to L. fraudatrix but the antennal organs quite distinct. Thorax rich brown. Abdomen dark brown unbanded, ochreous ventrally. Tegs brown unbanded, base of femora paler. Two prominent lateral horn-like processes on the basal segments of the antenne. ». Head similar to that of L. fraudatrix. Palpi brown, a little longer than the proboscis, bluntly acuminate, the apical seg- ment slightly longer than the penultimate, the whole palpi with short, scanty hairs; no trace of the basal process seen in /raudatrix. Antenne plumose, plume hairs brown, internodes pale, basal segment with a large horn-like process on the inner side as in brevipalpus, with a series of fine hairs on the upper side; antennal organs on four segments. Thorax rich brown, showing two median parallel brighter brown broad lines; covered scantily with very small curved 26 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoOL.nVs brown to bronzy scales; brown to deep brown chetz; scutellum paler with similar scales and four black border bristles to the mid lobe; metanotum brown. Abdomen deep brown, unbanded, pale hairs; venter ochreous brown. Legs brown, unbanded, fore and mid ungues unequal, the former uniserrate, the mid simple; hind small, equal and simple. Wings with rather short fork-cells, the first submarginal longer and narrower than the second posterior, its base very little nearer the apex of the wing than that of the latter, its stem slightly longer than the cell, stem of the second posterior cell longer than the cell; mid cross-vein longer than the supernumerary, the posterior longer than the mid, not quite twice its own length distant from it. Length 4°5 mm. Habitat Dawna Hills (base) near Kawkareik, Lower Burma. Time of capture 4-iii-o8 (Annandale). Observations.—Described from a single dissected ~. Closely related to L. fraudatrix, Theobald, but differs in the antennal organs, the absence of the accessory process at the base of the palpi and in wing venation. 53. Radioculex clavipalpus, Theobald. (Pls. 1 and ii, wing and head.) Rec. Ind. Mus., iti, p. 295, 1908. Additional Localities and Dates. Bengal.—Katihar, Purneah district, N. Bengal, 4—5-x-08 (C. Patva). Burma.—Rangoon, 25-i1-08 (Annandale). Travancore State-—Vaikum, coastal region, 5-xi-o8 (Annan- dale). 54. Uvanotenia testacea, Theobald. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist. Hung., iii, p. 113, 1905. Burma.—Base of Dawna Hills, 4-iii-08 (2 2s), “‘ in thick but dry jungle”’ (Annandale). 55. Adeomyia squammipenna, Arribalzaga. El, Nat Ageyei 15, 3, 1078: Burma.—Base of Dawna Hills, L. Burma, 2-11-08, “‘in bunga- low at light ” (Annandale). At sea.—At light on board ship four miles off Tuticorin, S. India, 25-v-08 (C. Paiva). Genus PSEUDOGRAHAMIA, gen. nov Head clothed with flat scales; proboscis more than half the length of the body, curved upwards, slightly swollen at the apex; palpi of the @ very small and densely scaly. 1910. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 27 Thorax densely clothed with large narrow-curved scales, closely appressed and with a median line of flat metallic scales, and a patch of flat scales on each side in front; scutellum clothed with flat scales, large and rounded apically; metanotum appar- ently nude. Apex of hind tibiz and base of metatarsi with rather dense short outstanding scales. First fork-cell slightly expanded basally and the veins densely scaled apically, considerably larger than the second posterior cell. A very marked genus coming near Grahamia, Theobald, but at once distinguished from it by the more normal form of proboscis, 56. Pseudograhamia aureoventer, sp. nov. Head black, with a central silvery white spot; proboscis and antenne deep brown; palpi pale creamy, very small. Thorax black with a broad silvery white line in front, silvery white pro- thoracic lobes and a creamy patch in front at the sides. Abdomen black with large basal triangular creamy lateral patches which extend upwards almost to form narrow dorsal bands; venter pale dull golden. T,egs deep black. @. Head covered with flat closely appressed blackish brown scales with a large median triangular silvery white area with two long black straight cheete projecting forwards between the eves, a few small black ones curved inwards on each side and a large black one laterally, along the ocellar rim; proboscis deep black, curved upwards, slightly swollen apically; palpi very small, densely clothed with creamy scales; antennee deep brown; clypeus bright rich brown. Thorax deep rich brown, densely clothed with long narrow- curved closely appressed deep blackish brown scales, a- median line in front of flat scales, semi-transparent, with white and pale mauve and silvery reflections, a large area of flat dull creamy to ochreous scales on each side in front reaching up to the base of the wings; prothoracic lobes with flat silvery white scales with pale blue reflections in certain lights; scutellum clothed with large flat silvery white scales, some appearing dusky on the lateral lobes; metanotum deep brown; pleuree brown with flat creamy scales. Abdomen flattened laterally with large basal silvery white lateral patches, extending upwards to the dorsum as narrow areas ; base and venter of the abdomen pale dull golden, with metallic sheen. Legs deep blackish brown; coxe pale ochreous with white scales; femora pale ochreous below; tibiae with the scales ex- panded apically and with some incurved cheetze ; base of metatarsi with the scales slightly projecting, particularly on the hind legs; ungues equal and simple. Wings with moderately long fork-cells; the first submarginal much longer and about the same width as the second fork-cell, its 28 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOnrsLyE base much nearer the base of the wings than that of the latter, its stem half the length of the cell; the cell somewhat expanded basally and each branch densely scaled apically, stem of the second fork-cell longer than the cell; supernumerary cross-vein longer than the mid, the mid the same length as the posterior; the latter about its own length distant from the mid. Halteres with long stem, base ochreous, apex and knob fuscous. Length 4°8 mm. Halttat Pallode, twenty miles N.E. of Trivandrum, Travan- core (Annandale). Time of capture 16-xi-o8. Observations.—Described from a single @. A very marked and beautiful species which cannot be confused with any other Culicid. Genus SQUAMOMYVIA, gen. nov. Head clothed with flat scales and upright forked ones behind; clypeus densely scaled, scales long and broad; antenne of male plumose; palpi small and thin, proboscis long and thin, not as long as the body. Thorax with spindle-shaped scales, small flat ones at the sides in front; broad spindle-shaped ones on the prothoracic lobes, densely covering them; scutellum with flat scales. Wings of male with short fork-cells. Abdomen clothed with very large flat scales, somewhat loosely applied. This forms a very distinct genus easily told by the densely scaled clypeus. The male genitalia also seem very marked, but have not been dissected. A male only occurs in the collection. 57. Squamomyra tnornata, sp. nov. Head deep brown, a pale border around the eyes; clypeus prominently pale-scaled ; palpi, proboscis and antenne deep brown. Thorax deep brown, grey in front and at the sides in front, pleure white. Abdomen deep blackish brown above, white below and at the sides. Legs deep brown. @. Head clothed with flat brown scales with violet reflections, a border of flat white ones around the eyes, spreading out laterally , dull ochreous-brown upright forked scales behind; two bright golden chetze projecting between the eyes in front, and a few short dark ones at the sides; clypeus ochreous with long white scales, especially dense in front; proboscis thin, black, not as long as the whole body, curved downwards; palpi ochreous, dark- scaled above, thin, very short; antenne very pale brown, with dark plume hairs; basal segment bright ochreous except on the inner side where they are dark. Thorax black with bronzy brown spindle-shaped scales, white in front near the head and small flat white scales on each side in IQI0. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 29 front, prothoracic lobes densely clothed with white spitridle-shaped scales; scutellum brown with brown flat scales, those at the sides with pale ochreous reflections; pleurze black with flat white scales. Abdomen narrow, clothed with deep blackish brown scales with violet reflections and with white scales laterally and ventrally. . Legs deep brown with violet reflections, unbanded, coxe pale with white scales; venter of femora white; fore and mid ungues unequal; simple; hind equal and simple. Wings with short fork-cells: the first very little longer, but narrower than the second, its base nearer the apex of the wing, its stem more than two-thirds the length of the cell, stem of the second posterior two-thirds the length of the cell; posterior cross- vein as long as the mid and more than its own length distant from it. Length 5 mm. Habitat w. slopes of Dawna Hills, L. Butma, 2,000—3,000 feet (Annandale). Time of capture 2 or 3-11-08. Observations.—Described from a single ~. It is a very marked Aldine at once told by the densely long-scaled clypeus. 58. Orthopodomyia maculata, sp. nov. Thorax rich brown, ornamented with golden and creamy scales; head with pale creamy scales; proboscis with one small median white band; palpi of male about three-fourths the length of the proboscis, white at base and apex and with two median white bands. Abdomen black with basal white bands and two median white spots to some segments. Wings with dark scales and white spots. Fore and mid legs unbanded, hind with promi- nent white bands and last segment all white. x». Head brown with narrow-curved and upright forked scales of a pale creamy to almost white hue, the fork scales numerous and uniformly scattered over the head; antennz with pale creamy and brown bands, plume hairs brown to flaxen, basal segment black with small broad creamy scales dotted over it; the first few segments of the flagellum with long white and creamy scales; palpi black, white-scaled at the apex, a few white scales at the base and two median white bands, one near the apex, golden cheetee at the apex, about three-fourths the length of the proboscis, the latter black with one median narrow white band! Thorax black, clothed with large narrow-curved creamy scales, the majority golden, but some white ones in front, at the sides and over the roots of the wings and before the scutellum and some areas of dark bronzy ones; cheete long, golden and brown; scutel- lum black with long silvery white scales and long golden border bristles; metanotum black; pleure brown with patches of flat white scales and some long thin ones beneath the wings; pro- thoracic lobes with flat white scales. 30 Records of the Indian Museum. [ Vox. IV, Abdomen jet-black with snowy white basal bands and on some of the segments two small white median spots; venter black with basal white bands and all the bristles golden. Legs black, femora and tibiz speckled with pale creamy scales, fore legs unbanded, but the apex of the tibiz white; mid legs with two pale bands involving the jcints of the metatarsal and first tarsal, and first and second tarsals; hind legs with a narrow band involving the metatarsal and first tarsal joint, a very broad one involving the first and second tarsal joint, a nar- rower one the second and third, apex of third white and all the fourth. Wings with black scales over most of the veins but with white spots as follows :—four large ones on the costa and three small basal ones; the first two spread on to the first and second veins, the third on to the first, second, third and fourth, the fourth on to the first and second, the basal ones small and irregular, there is also a spot on the first between the third and fourth costal spots, one on the base of the second fork-cell and at the tips of the branches, one at the apex and another near the base of the outer branch of the fifth and one at its base, and a small one just past the cross- vein on the fourth. Halteres all pale. Fork-cells rather short, the first narrower and about the same length as the second, its stem about half as long again as the cell; stem of the second as long as the cell; cross-veins pale, the posterior about twice its own length distant from the mid. Length 5 mm. Habitat Maddathorai, w. base of W. Ghats, Travancore (Annandale). Time of capture 17-x1-08. Observations.—Described from a single ~ , taken resting on a tree trunk in jungle. A very marked and beautiful species near O. albipes, Theobald, but easily told by having only the last hind tarsal white. 59. Mimomyia minuta, Theobald. (Pls. i and iii, wing and wing scales.) Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, p. 301 (@), 1908. Thorax shiny brown; head pale creamy yellow; abdomen brown with basal pale yellow bands spreading out laterally. Legs with apical and basal pale banding; last hind tarsal pale creamy. 2. Head clothed with flat pale creamy scales and some black upright forked ones at the back; two long pale cheete projecting forwards in the middle in front and some dark incurved ones at the sides; antennee deep brown, basal segment black. Thorax shiny black, with scattered long curved black scales and very long black cheete; scutellum shiny black with long curved black scales and black border bristles; metanotum black; pleuree ochreous. IQI0. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicida. 31 Abdomen ochreous with deep brown scales, rather scanty basally giving a false banded appearance, with basal lateral areas of pale scales; border bristles pale. Legs brown to almost black; coxee and venter of femora pale ; apex of femora and tibie white, the remaining segments with apt cal and basal pale creamy bands, last hind tarsal with all pale scales, in the other legs pale in certain lights. Wings with the first fork-cell very little longer and narrower than the second, its stem nearly as long as the cell; stem of the second fork-cell not quite as long as the cell ; posterior cross-vein longer than the mid, rather more than its own length distant from it; scales large and brown. Length 2°5 mm. Habitat Calcutta (Annandale). Time of capture 30-vii and 3 or 4-vill-07. Observations.—One @ andone ~. ‘The o was described from Sylhet, Assam (Records Indian Museum, vol. ii, p. 301, 1908). In the description of the proboscis it reads as if it were long and thin as in Culex; this is not so, it is very swollen apically, almost club- shaped in some views, with a long thin stem. Genus BOLBODEOMYIA, gen. nov. Head clothed with flat scales; palpi very short in the 2 , slightly longer in the ~, antennz pilose in both sexes; thorax with spindle-shaped scales; prothoracic lobes with small flat scales, scutellum with flat scales; metanotum with a bunch of cheete posteriorly. Wings with normal venation with rather long lateral vein scales on the apical areas of the veins and with very promt nent long dense lateral vein scales on the fifth vein, along the stem and one branch. Complex ~ genitalia, the claspers ending in a bulbous process. A very marked genus. 60. Bolbodeomyia complex, sp. nov. Head, thorax, legs, antennz and palpi and proboscis brown. Abdomen brown above, pale grey below in @ , ochreous in the o. @. Head clothed with flat brown scales with violet reflections and a pale creamy border around the eyes and at the sides; cheetze dark; clypeus, palpi and proboscis deep brown, palpi very small ; antenne deep brown, basal segment brown, pilose. Thorax shiny deep brown with scattered brown and paler spindle-shaped scales; prothoracic lobes covered with small flat creamy scales, scutellum ochreous-brown with flat dull scales; metanotum brown with a large area of pale hairs posteriorly, aris- ing from black points; pleuree ochreous-brown with flat white scales. Abdomen deep brown, traces of some pale scales at the bases of the apical segments; venter pale grey, the integument ochreous. Legs deep brown, coxz ochreous with white scales, venter of femora pale. NO Records of the Indian Museum. [VOE,; AV, Oo Wings with short fork-cells, the first longer, but slightly nar- rower than the second, its base slightly nearer the base of the wing, its stem two-thirds the length of the cell; stem of the second as long as the cell; posterior cross-vein about two-and-a- half times its own length distant from the mid. Male genitalia very complex ; the clasper thick, long, ending in a rounded knob, with a group of small curved hairs; lateral process at apex short, very thick and dark; a blunt long, finger- like process from near base of clasper; on the inner corner of the basal lobes four flat cheetee. Length 3°58 mm. @. Very similar to the male, but rather more white scales in front of the head, and the palpi smaller. The abdomen has some traces of basal white lateral spots and the venter has some narrow apical black bands. Wings with the first fork-cell slightly longer and about the same width as the second, its stem about half the length of the cell; stem of the second rather more than half the length of the cell; posterior cross-vein rather more than twice its own length distant from the mid, some long lateral vein scales, the fifth long vein, except on its upper branch, densely clothed with long thin scales. Length 3 mm. Halitat Dawna Hills, 2,000—3\000 feet, I,, Burma (7), and jungle at base of Dawna Hills ( ¢ ) (Annandale). Time of capture I and 2 or 3-11i-08. Observations.—Described from one ~ and one 2 , practically perfect, but with slightly rubbed thorax. A small obscure A‘dine, but at once told when examined microscopically by the complex male genitalia and the long lateral scales along one side of the fifth vein. 61. Skusea pseudodiurna, sp. nov. Head dusky or pale according to the light. Thorax bright reddish brown. Abdomen with basal white lateral spots. Legs brown unbanded. @”. Head dark, clothed with a mixture of flat dusky and pale grey scales and numerous dark upright forked scales and many black cheetee projecting forwards; antennz with dark plume hairs, and pale grey internodes, dusky at the tip; palpi very small, dark brown; proboscis deep brown. Thorax bright deep reddish brown, with scanty, scattered bronzy narrow-curved scales and with black cheetee, especially thick over the roots of the wings; scutellum testaceous with narrow-curved dull creamy and bronzy scales to the mid lobe, dark ones to the lateral lobes; metanotum bright chestnut-brown. Abdomen black with basal white lateral spots, most promi- nent on the last few segments, with pale brown border bristles; venter dusky. Legs uniformly deep brown, except the coxee and venter of the femora which are pale; fore and mid ungues unequal and uniserrate ; hind equal and simple. Wings with short fork- 1gIo. | F. V. THEOBALD: Report on Culicide. 33 cells, the first longer and narrower than the second, stem of the first nearly as long as the cell, stem of the second longer than the cell; posterior cross-vein its own length distant from the mid. Length 4 mm. Habitat Sukna, base of E. Himalayas, 500 feet, Darjiling district (Annandale). Time of capture 1-vii-o8. Observations.—Described from a single ~. Very near Skusea diurna, but the bright reddish brown thorax at once separates it. 62. Skusea uniformis, sp. nov. Head black with a pale border around the eyes. Thorax rich brown. Abdomen deep brown, unbanded, dull ochreous below. Legs uniformly deep brown, but the femora pale ochreous below. @. Head black with small flat black scales, except for a pale area around the eyes and at the sides and some dark upright forked scales; clypeus, palpi and proboscis black; antennze deep brown, basal segment black, base of segment pale ochreous. Thorax rich deep brown with narrow-curved bronzy brown scales scattered over its surface; scutellum shiny black with narrow- curved bronzy black scales, the surface pale in some lights, four dark median posterior border bristles; metanotum chestnut and dull brown; pleurze brown with dull flat white scales. Abdomen deep brown with dull brown scales, dull ochreous to grey-scaled venter. Legs uniformly deep brown except the coxe and venter of femora which are ochreous; ungues equal and simple. Wings with short fork-cells, the first slightly longer and nar- rower than the second posterior, their bases about level, the stem about two-thirds as long as the cell; stem of the second posterior as long as the cell ; posterior cross-vein longer than the mid, about one-and-a-half times its own length distant from it. Length 4 mm. Habitat Pallode, twenty miles N.E. of Trivandrum, Travan- core (Annandale). Time of capture 15-xi-08. Observations.—Described from a single @. The abdomen somewhat denuded, but there is no trace of any pale scales. eee et ult oF Dag its a hadeseh ei eae Bk onL ule pordk eae UD me aN eh = ag nar gr ax ate gt sucio MIE bi \ teary Ge ee Boar tee 4 Sis MUI eo aoe amitiaat + 06H 08 s Abe aggre “Bs bs sand fi nes Reise aye Sey: pSStiere 5 eso ee! At Te ah i tad the 5 icteatt = btatra th e w “SpA ager 2 Fas) for oem tr ek nad Lae bedi aatamec once (ie se mort Aviad, snot we i = “is Fide eae ere - ue SS yore, ike r, Baan mane +E ae hire aee : LAr ite’ aries are: ine Balla. notch aA) : a oe 4 ie, ai Vv Ww * SP iceee 7 ney + cat ce eT aye tik pork i beers iphesvad 7 Qe al iheg 1, ite Sree Dp pees aie Sie Sep 3; apes eh Wy irises ey steal) _ —— WING OF BREVIRHYNCHUS MAGNUS. N.SP, ( OE) HEAD OF RADIOCULEX CLAVIPALPUS. N.SP. WING OF LEICESTERIA API \LIs. N.SP. (92). Meee ore AC ‘ 9 ¥ il ay i ae a vere, © : & A By a) a oes se —— . . : 7 ity . 5 * s rs a ‘ a) et ~ - . ‘ a a 4 ¥ Viy . a ae i= —_ aL i mE") 5 : ve, the 7 7 © 7 = _ 7 P . ' “a ' i , _- “€* ™” @ : j —s 7 r Fn , : ‘ ed r § Si _ —_— - - r aad Y STEGOMYIA TRIPUNCTATA, N. SP. (9) LEICESTERIA APICALIS, N. SP. (9) CHRYSOCONOPS PYGMAEUS, N. SP. (%) STEGOMYIA ALBOLATERALIS, N. SP. ENLARGED WING SCALES. Pee tHE -INDIAN SPECIES. On, PAPATACI REVItIPHLEBOGROMUSY). By N. ANNANDALE, D.Sc., Superintendent, Indian Museum. INTRODUCTION. The importance of the genus Phlebotomus from a medical point of view has recently been demonstrated by Grassi and others so far as southern Europe is concerned, and there can be little doubt that in India too fevers of a certain type are carried by these flies, which, in common with several others, are commonly known as “ sand-flies”’ in this country. ‘The descriptions of the species described below are based on specimens in the collection of the Indian Museum, some of which have been sent me by Mr. F. M. Howlett, Second Imperial Zoologist; but I have been able to examine all the species except P. papatasi in a living condition. The types of all the species except P. papatasi and P. perturbans are preserved in the Indian Museum. My thanks are due to Mr. E. Brunetti for much assistance. The study of the material at my disposal has convinced me of the necessity of not relying solely on pinned specimens in examining minute and delicate insects such as Phlebotomus, Not only do certain structures shrivel and become distorted when dried, but it is impossible to make out the exact arrangement of others without proper examination under a high power of the microscope. So delicate, for example, is the venation of the wing of some species of Phlebotomus that its details cannot be seen unless the wing is dealt with in the manner in which any similar organ ‘belonging to any animal but an insect would be dealt with, that is to say, unless it is mounted on a glass slide under a cover-slip in a suitable medium, after having been artificially stained. Pinned specimens even of Phlebotomus are valuable, as showing the natural colour and appearance of the insect; but specimens preserved in spirit are much more valuable, as enabling structural characters to be investigated with greater ease and surety. As Mr. Howlett is working at the habits of the Indian Phlebotomi,' I need only say that specimens are to be found in the corners of bathrooms during the day and round the lamp at night ; but a few hints as to their collection and preservation 1 For full details regarding one Indian species (vtz., P. papatasi) see Grassi’ s ‘* Ricerche sui Flebotomi ’’ in the memoirs of the Italian Society of Science (1907) and also Doerr, Franz and Taussig’s Das Pappatacifiebey (Leipzig and Vienna, 1909). 36 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor.-EV; may be useful. The most satisfactory method, so far as my experience goes, is the following :—Take a small glass tube full of strong spirit and a fine camel’s hair brush. Dip the latter in the spirit and lightly touch the Phlebotomus as it rests on a wall or table. It will adhere to the brush and may then be washed off in the spirit, in which it may be permanently preserved. Dried specimens should be pinned in the same way as mos- quitoes, but, owing to their small size, this is a difficult process. Specimens packed loose in a pill box with tissue paper crumpled up not too tightly are, however, useful, provided that there is a considerable number of them. When the specimens preserved in spirit have to be examined, they may be carefully removed to a watch-glass and examined superficially under a low power of the microscope. After such details have been made out as can be made out in this way, a speci- men should be removed to a small stoppered bottle of absolute alcohol,’ care being taken that it is not allowed to dry up during the process and that the stopper is not left out of the bottle of absolute alcohol longer than is necessary. After the Phlebotomus has remained in absolute alcohol for about half an hour it should be removed to a watch-glass con- taining oil of cloves, in which it must be left until it is quite transparent. Important details can often be made out while it is _ in this watch-glass, for the point of view can be readily altered. Finally the specimen should be mounted in canada balsam under a thin cover-slip in the ordinary way. It will then be possible to study the general form and also such structures as the antenne, limbs and genitalia with comparative ease. To render the wings fit for detailed study, however, it is necessary to stain them artificially. While the specimen is in spirit in a watch-glass they should be snipped off at the base by a fine pair of scissors and carefully transferred to some preparation of hemalum or hematoxylin. I find Ehrlich’s acid hematoxylin, Delafield’s haematoxylin and Mayer’s hemalum all good for the purpose. Although these stains are rapid in their action, it is as well to leave the wing in them for about twenty-four hours. After this it should be washed in tap-water, removed to 70 % spirit, in which it need only remain for a few minutes, and then to absolute alcohol. Finally it should be cleared in oil of cloves and mounted in canada balsim. Owing to the toughness of the wings, in spite of their appareat delicacy, it is not necessary to pass them through different strengths of alcohol in the process of dehydration. 1 In the damp climate of many parts of India absolute alcohol absorbs atmos- pheric moisture with great rapidity ; but this may be remedied by keeping the bottom of the bottle in which the absolute alcohol is stored covered with a layer of burnt (7.e., dehydrated) copper sulphate. The copper sulphate in this condition is white ; when it begins to turn green in the alcohol, it is clear that the alcohol is absorbing water, which is again being absorbed by the copper sulphate. In this case the alcohol should be poured off and freshly burnt copper sulphate placed in it; or the old powder may be removed, burnt again and replaced. IQ1o. | Go N. ANNANDALE: Sfectes of Phlebotomus. 37 LIST OF KNOWN SPECIES OF PHLEBOTOMUS AND Europe. America. Africa. Asia. 1786. 1843. 1864. LOGS. 1905. 1906. 1906. 1907. OF, PAPERS IN WHICH THEY ARE DESCRIBED. SPECIES. Phlebotomus papatast, Scopoli (1, 9) (S. Europe). minutus, Rondani (2) is mascittit, Grassi (10) (Italy) tupuliformis, Meunier (5, 6) (fossil in Pd » Baltic amber). Re vexator, Coquillet (8) (Maryland). a cruciatus | ,, (8) (Guatemala). 7% duboscqui, Neveu-Lemaire (7) (Sou- dan). - papatast, Scopoli (15) (Northern | India; ? Java). * himaiayensts, sp. nov. (lower Hima- layas). - malabaricus, sp. nov. (Travancore, S. India). rv perturbans, Meijere (15) (Java; base of Eastern Himalayas). a babu, sp. nov. (plains of India). re major, sp. nov. (outer Himalayas ; Paresnath, W. Bengal). argenttpes, Annandale and Brunetti (11) (p'ains of India). LITBRATURE, Scopoli: Delicia faune et flore insubrice, etc. [P. papatasi described. | Rondani: Ann. Soc. ent. France (11), vol. i, p. 263. [P. minutus described and P. papa- tas! redescribed. | Loew: l*'auna Austriaca, Dipt. 11, p. 630. |A general descr.ption of the genus. | Kertesz: ‘‘ Psychodide”’ in Katalog der Palaarktischen Dipteren,i. {A bibliography of the genus. | Meunier: Ann. Mus. Hung., ili, p. 254. .[P. tepuli- formis described. | ie Naturaliste, p.103. [P.ttpuliformis desciibed as a type of a new genus (PiA/ebo- tomiella) I think unnecessarily. | Neveu-Lemaire: Bull. Soc. zool. France, xxxi, p. 64. [P. duboscqui described. | Coquil et: Lent. News, Philadelphia, Pa., p. 101. [P. vexator and P, cruciatus described. | 38 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor IVs g. 1907. Grassi: Mem. d. Soc. ttal. d. Stet. (ii), xiv, p. 353. _ [P. papatasi fully redescribed with many figures. | 1o. 1908. Grassi: Ati. Reale Accad. Lincet (v), vol. xvii, fasc. 12, 2nd senustre, p. 68. [P. mascittit described. ] It. 1908. Annandale: Recs Inds Mus. voll ti- peeroiees i argentipes described. | 12. 1909. Doerr, Franz and Taussig: Das Pappatacifieber (Leip- zig and Vienna). 13. Ig09. Austen: African Bloodsucking Flies, pl. 1, fig. 4 (B. M., London). [P. duboscqua figured. | 14. 1909. Annandale: Nature, vol. 81, p. 518. [P. papatasi recorded from India. ] 15. 1909. Meijere: ‘‘ Blutsaugende Micro-Dipteren,”’ 77d. voor Entom., vol. lii, p. 191. [P. pertur- bans and P. angustipennts (synonym of P. papatasi ?) described. ] TAXONOMIC POSITION OF PHLEBOTOMUS AND ITS SPECIES. FAMILY PSYCHODIDZ. Small Nemocera with relatively large wings, which are densely covered with scales or hairs. At least six longitudinal veins present in addition to the costal (anterior border) and sub- costal ; cross-veins few in number, often practically invisible, absent from the distal part of the wing. Subfamily Phlebotomine. Psychodidze in which the second longitudinal vein has either two or three branches, which arise at a considerable distance from the point at which the main branch of the vein is joined to the third longitudinal vein. Female devoid of a horny ovipositor ; the external genitalia of the male consisting of at least three pairs of appendages in addition to an intromittent organ. Genera—Phle- botomus ,* Nemopalpus , Sycorax, Trichomyta, Eatonisca, Diplonema.* Subfamily Psychodine. Psychodide in which the lowest of the three branches of the second longitudinal vein always present is very distinct from the two upper ones, and joins the middle branch at a point nearer the base of the wing than the apex. Females with a horny ovipositor consisting of two longitudinal valves ; external genitalia of the male consisting of two pairs of appendages. (Genera—Psychoda ,* Pericoma.* The genera whose names are marked with a * are known to occur in India, They may be distinguished as follows :— 1910. | N. ANNANDALE: Species of Phlebotomus. 39 PHLEBOTOMIN 2} A. Wings broadly heart-shaped, densely covered with scales; mouth not forming a pro- boscis as ae .. Diplonema. B. Wings relatively narrow, devoid of scales except at the base ; mouth parts forming a proboscis ae Be .. Phlebotomus. E. ‘7 I. Rnd, ap 3rd ef a | FigaA. j { 4th an , ag satin 6th a 5th , 6th +th ” 5th Fic. 1.—Wing of Culex (after Theobald). Frc. 2.—Wing of Phlebotomus. c., costal vein ; sc., subcostal; 1st to 6th, first to sixth longitudinal veins ; a, a’, anda’, incrassations (a’ called by Austen the 6th vein, a’ the 8th); y., supernumerary cross-vein ; z., mid cross-vein; P., posterior cross-veln ; A., costal cell; B., subcostal cell; C., marginal cell; D., first submarginal cell ; E., second submarginal cell; F., first posterior cell; G., second posterior cell; J., third pos- terior cell; K., anal cell; H., first basal cell; I., second basal cell; L., auxiliary ; M., spurious cell, PsyCHODINA}— A. The third longitudinal vein runs to the apex of the wing, dividing the wing into two approximately equal halves -- Psychoda, B. The third longitudinal vein terminates dis- tally at a point below the apex of the wing Pericoma, 40 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vorzkve Wea Some Diagnostic Characters. There is some dispute as to the proper nomenclature of the venation of the wing of the Psychodide ; but I think it will he sufficient for the purposes of this paper if I compare the wing of Phicbotomus with that of the Culicide, for not only are the Psychodide (and especially Phlebotomus) close'ty allied to that family, but more attention has perhaps been paid to the anatomy of the Culicidee in recent years than to that of any other group of Diptera. I have therefore reproduced the figure of the wing of Culex (fig. I) given by Theobald in the first volume (p. 18) of his Monograph of the Culicide side by side with one of the wing of Phlebotomus (fig. 2) on which the same lettering is used. In accordance with Theobald’s figure and with the views of many diptero‘ogists, the thickened anterior or upper border of the wing is called the costa, while the short parallel vein running immediately below it is called the subcosta. The first parallel vein that reaches the distal margin of the wing is known as the first longitudinal, those posterior to it being numbered in numeri- cal succession.. In both genera six longitudinal veins can he distinguished. The subcosta in Culex turns upwards at the tip and joins the costa, while in Phlebotomus it turns downwards and joins the first longitudinal. ‘This is a point that will be considered later when the cross-veins are discussed. There is no radical difference as regards the first longitudinal in the two genera except that in the Psy- chodid it turns upwards at the tip and so assumes a superficial resemblance to the subcosta in Culex, in which it turns downwards. In Culex the second longitudinal forks once, while in Phlebotomus ‘t forks twice. In both genera the third longitudinal is simple and practically straight ; it is much longer in the Psychodid than in Culex. The fourth longitudinal is once forked in both genera, but the fifth is simple in Phlebotomus and bears a branch in Culex ; in both genera the sixth longitudinal is simple and directed down- wards at the distal end. The cross-veins are easily detected in Culex, but in Phlebotomus they are very difficult to see owing to their extreme delicacy. In stained preparations, however, their exact position can be detected, at any rate in some specimens. ‘The most noticeable difference as regards them is that while in Culex the more important cross-veins are situated on the distal part of the wing, in Phlebo- tomus they are confined entirely to the proximal part. Consider- ing first the anterior half of the wing, we find in Culex a minute cross-vein (the ‘‘ humeral’ cross-vein, not numbered or lettered in the diagrams) joining the subcosta to the costa. In Culex it is situated near the base of the wing, while in Phlebotomus it is practically at the distal end of the very short subcosta, which there- fore appears to be forked. A careful examination shows, however, that the lower branch of the apparent fork is really in continuity with the main stem of the vein, while the cross-vein proceeds 1910. | N. ANNANDALE: Species of Phlebotomus. 41 from it at a distinct angle. In Phlebotomus this cross-vein is of extreme delicacy and, unlike the other veins, it is not provided with a double line of hairs. 1t can only be seen after prolonged staining of the wing, and even then is faint and indistinct. The next transverse vein that is apparent joins the base of the second longitudinal to the first and is marked x in the diagrams ; it is further from the base of the wing in Cz/ex than it is in Phlebotomus. Strictly speaking this is not a distinct vein but an upturned portion of the lower vein. The base of the third longitudinal in both genera ends in a small fork, one branch joining the vein to the second longitudinal, the other to the fourth. The former branch is called by Theobald the supernumerary cross-vein, the latter the mid cross-vein. In Phlebotomus, however, the lower branch appears to be in actual continuity wih the vein, while the upper one joins it at an angle. This is more distinct in some species than in others. In Culex the fourth and sixth longitudi- nals do not appear to be joined together at the base; but in Phlebotomus the fifth arises from the base of the sixth, as can be seen distinctly in some species, while it is connected with the fourth by a short cross-vein close to its base. The venation of Phlebotomus, taking into consideration the above facts, may therefore be said to resemble that of Culex in some essential points, but to differ from it mainly in the fact that the cross-veins are extremely delicate and are situated exclusively on the proximal part of the wing. From a systematic point of view, as regards specific differen- tiation, the most important feature in the venation is the relative proportions between the length of the upper branch of the second longitudinal, the distance between the two forks of this vein, and that between the proximal! fork and the point at which the vein is joined by the mid cross-vein to the third longitudinal. In Phlebotomus, but not in some of its allies (e.g., Diploneinay), the wing is almost devoid of scales, a few of which occur at the extreme base on the costal and lower borders and on those veins which reach the base. Each vein except the small cross-vein that joins the subcostal to the costal, bears a double row of fine hairs, and the edge of the wing is deeply fringed with longer hairs. External genitalia— The visible female genitalia in Phlebotomus are simple in structure, consisting of two pairs (a superior and an inferior pair) of compressed, more or less leaf-like appendages covered with sensory hairs. They offer in their shape and proportions features. of diag- nostic importance but become shrivelled and distorted in dried specimens. There is no horny ovipositor such as is found in Psychoda and Pericoma. The male genitalia are far more complicated and of much greater systematic importance. It is possible, moreover, to trace their specific differences even in specimens which have been dried, but even such specimens should be mounted in canada balsam for 42 Records of the Indian Museum, [VWou-be a proper examination. It is difficult to homologize the different appendages exactly with those of other Diptera, because in all families great differences, often of no more than specific value, occur in different species. It is better, therefore, not to use technical terms in describing these appendages. In the male u. Fig,3. : sl. U. Diagram of the external male genitalia of Phlebotomus : u., upper or superior appendage; ch., chete; f., genital filament; i, intermediate appendage; P., intromittent organ; s.l., subgenitai lamella; L., lower or inferior appendage. genitalia of Phlebotomus five pairs of organs can be distinguished. They are shown in the accompanying diagram (fig. 3) which is a generalized sketch of the whole apparatus as seen from the right side and does not represent the organs of any one species. The Distal joint of superior male appendage of P. argentipes, showing the chete. uppermost appendage has two joints, the posterior (distal) of which bears a varying number of stout cheetee (fig. 4). The form, position and number of these cheetze are valuable diagnostic points. The intermediate appendage is morphologically a branch of the superior one but has often more than one lobe. ‘The inferior appendage IIo. | N. ANNANDALE: Species of Phlebotomus. 43 never has more than one joint, but is often elbowed; it arises from a subgenital plate, which represents the last somite of the abdomen. This subgenital plate, which is highly developed in some Psychodide, is very inconspicuous in Phlebotomus, owing rather to its mem- branous nature than to its small size. In dried specimens it dis- appears almost completely. The intromittent organ, which lies between the two intermediate appendages, consists of a pair of slender, compressed chitinous valves, between which a pair of long, slender, chitinous filaments can be protruded. Head— The head in Phlebotomus is small and ‘round but the anterior part is produced into a more or less cylindrical rostrum, which overhangs the mouth parts above. ‘The eyes are large, invariably dark in colour and more or less emarginate opposite the base of the antenne. The antenne are long and filiform, having nor- mally sixteen joints, two of which form the scape. ‘They show great individual variation as regards the proportions of the joints and also differ as regards the exact outline of the last few distal joints in the two sexes. The sexual differences are, however, small. The palpi are generally stated to have four joints. In fresh specimens, however, a minute basal joint can sometimes be distinguished. This joint is often difficult to see and appears to be imperfectly separated from the others. Including it the number of the joints is five. For an account of the mouth parts Grassi may be consulted. They do not appear to present features of merely diagnostic interest and closely resemble those of Culex in general structure. THE INDIAN SPECIES OF PHLEBOTOMUS. Table of the Indian spectes of Phlebotomus. 1. Length 2 mm. Dorsum of thorax dark, sides yellowish. Wing with the posterior border much more strongly arched than the anterior ; the anterior branch of the second longitu- dinal vein longer than either the distance between the two forks of the vein or that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein; the latter distance shorter than that between the two forks ee .. P. argenttpes. 2. Length 3-375 mm. Colour an almost unt- form golden grey. Wing with the posterior border much more strongly arched than the anterior ; the anterior branch of the second vein longer than either the distance between the two forks of the vein or that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein; the distance between the two forks shorter than 44 6, P. argentipes, Annandale, Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, p. 101, mm. the first joint of the tarsus, Records of the Indian Museum. that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein Length 275-3 mm. Colour dark greyish brown. Wing with the posterior margin as a tule more strongly arched than the anterior ; the length of the anterior branch of the second vein, the distance between the two forks and that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein subequal purplish tinge. Wing with the posterior margin hardly more stronely arched than the anterior; the anterior branch of the second vein four times as long as the distance between the two forks, which is much shorter than that between the Cpe fork and the mid cross-vein Length 1°5 mm. Colour silvery “grey. Wing narrow, as a rule divided into two almost equal and similar halves by the third longitudinal vein; the anterior branch of the second veiu shorter than either the distance between the two forks or that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein; the two latter dis- tances being nearly equal narrow, divided into two equal and similar halves by the third longitudinal vein; the anterior branch of the second vein nearly three times as long as the distance between the two forks, twice as long as that between the [Vor. LV, P.. major. . P. perturbans. Length 2°5 mm. Colour dark brown with a P. malabaricus. ; .. P, babu. Length 2 mm. Colour yellowish grey. Wing posterior fork and the mid cross-vein ..P.himalayensts. . Length 2-5 mm. Colour yellowish grey. Wing narrow, but with the posterior margin as a rule more strongly arched than the anterior ; the anterior branch of the second vein nearly twice as long as the distance between the two forks, equal to that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein Phlebotomus argentipes, Annandale and Brunetti. . P. papatasi. (Pisivehie: age wing, and pl. vi, fig. 6, male genitalia.) fig. (1908). Size and proportions. —Total Wetige in well-preserved specimens 2mm. Length of wing 1°75 mm.; greatest breadth of wing 0°5 Hind leg about twice as long as the head and body; the femur less than half as long as the tibia and distinctly shorter than joints together. which is longer than the remaining 1gI0.| N. ANNANDALE: Sfecies of Phlebotomus. 45 Colour.—Head (except eyes, which are black) and abdomen brown; dorsum of thorax dark brown or blackish; sides of thorax, coxe and trochanters yellowish ; legs, antenne and palpi grey ; the whole (especially the legs) exhibiting a strong silvery reful- gence. Wings smoke-grey, with a strong bluish iridescence on the disk and a general silvery refulgence. Head.—Rostrum elongate, sausage-shaped, ovoid as seen from above. Eyes distinctly emarginate on their internal upper border, narrowly separated. Antenne with 14 joints in the flagellum, all of which are more or less elongate and each of which bears three or four somewhat irregular verticels of stiff, fine hairs ; the proximal joint of the scape clearly separated from the head, rather slender, short ; distal joint subspherical, bearing a circle of suberect, narrow, spatulate, curved scales and (alternating with and below the scales) another of stiff bristles. Palpi with five joints ; the basal joint short, the second joint more than half as long as the third, which is as long as the fourth and fifth together. Thovax.—The dorsum is covered with long, stiff, upright, curved hairs Abdomen slender and cylindrical in both sexes, considerably shorter than the wings, covered with rather slender curved hairs of irregular length but never very long or stout. Wings bluntly pointed; the posterior border much more strongly curved than the anterior. ‘The anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein much longer than the distance between its base and the second fork; the stem of the vein between the second fork and the mid cross-vein slightly longer than the distance between the two forks; the posterior fork nearly on a level with the fork of the fourth vein. External genittata.—(@) The superior appendages somewhat widely separated from the inferior, which are small, pointed and claw-shaped. (@) All the appendages long and apparent. ‘The inferior appendages somewhat slender, laterally compressed, longer than the basal joint of the superior appendages, obliquely truncated, devoid of spines, covered with stout hairs, which form a dense brush at the tip of the appendage ; a distinct elbow not far from the base of the appendage ; the intermediate appendages small, consisting of a stout, bluntly pointed dorsal lobe and a small ventral lobe which is a minute, pointed process bearing a bunch of bristles at the tip and attached to the ventral margin of the dorsal lobe. The superior appendage with the distal joint considerably shorter than the proximal one, bearing five stout, pointed chete, each nearly as long as the joint, arranged as follows :--a single cheta at a point about a third of the length of the joint from the base, a pair of slightly unequal cheetee near the middle of the joint, and a terminal equal pair. ‘The proximal joint slightly longer than the last apparent segment of the abdo- men. Intromittent organs relatively long, ensiform, consisting of two slender, pointed lateral valves, between which a pair of long filaments can be protruded. 46 Kecords of the Indian Museum. [Vor. TV; This species is easily distinguished, except in the case of females distended with blood, from all other Indian forms by the strong contrast in colour between the dorsal surface and the sides of the thorax. It is a very common species in Calcutta at all times of the year, but only occasionally. Often it seems to disappear for a time (a few weeks or days) and then to reappear again in large numbers. It is commonly found in dark corners of bathrooms and basements in houses and round the lamp at night, and has the habit of biting people’s ankles under the dinner table. Distribution.—Probably all over the plains of India. I have examined specimens from Calcutta (all times of year), Rajmahal (July, February), Asansol (Paiva, February) and Pusa (Howlett) in Bengal, and from several localities in the coastal districts of Tra- vancore (November). Phlebotomus major, sp. nov. (PI. v, fig. 4, wing, and pl. vi, fig. 4, male genitalia.) Phlebotomus sp., Giles, Gnats or Mosquitoes (and. ed.), p. 5, fig. 2 (1902). Size and proportions.—Total length 3-3°75 mm. Length of wing 2°75 mm., greatest breadth 1 mm. Hind leg two-and-a-half times as long as the head and body; its femur less than half as long as the tibia and considerably shorter than the first joint of the tarsus, which is longer than the remaining joints together. Colour.—A uniform golden grey with very strong silvery lights ; the disk of the wings with a bluish iridescence; eyes black; legs sometimes darker than abdomen. Head.—Rostrum somewhat conical, short, truncated in front. Eyes widely separated, emarginate above. Antenne with the two joints of the scape subspherical; those of the flagellum elongate, slender, densely covered with soft hairs. Palpi with five joints; the basal joint very short, the second, third and fourth subequal, shorter than the fifth. Thorax much as in P. argentipes. Abdomen long and slender, clothed with long recumbent hairs and with tufts of longer, upright ones on the dorsal surface. Wings rather narrower than in P. argentipfes, pointed, with the posterior border much more strongly arched than the anterior. The anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein much longer than the distance between the two forks, which is considerably shorter than the distance between the second fork and the mid cross-vein ; the second fork slightly nearer the base of the wing than that of the fourth longitudinal vein. External genttaha—(o) Superior and inferior appendages similar to those of P. argentipes except that they are more slender and elongate, the basal joint of the superior appendage being nearly twice as long as the last apparent joint of the abdomen; inter- mediate appendages devoid of a ventral lobe; valves of the intro- mittent organs slender and blunt ; genital filaments well developed. 1910. | N. ANNANDALE: Sfectes of Phlebotomus. 47 This species is closely allied to P. argentipes, from which it is easily distinguished by its larger size, uniform golden colour, more elongate tarsi and male genitalia. Distribution.—Outer Himalayas from the base up to 7,000 or 8,000 feet. Paresnath Hill, Western Bengal. I have examined specimens from Naini Tal and Bowali (Kumaon), Kurseong (Dar- jiling district), the Nepal Terai, and Paresnath Hill (Chota Nag- pur). The fauna of this hill, which is separated by about 180 miles from the foot-hills of Nepal, the nearest part of the Hima- layas, has a distinctly Himalayan facies, and I think that P. major may be regarded as the Himalayan representative of P. argentipes. All the specimens of the former species that I have taken myself have been taken at light in the evening. The only one I saw on Paresnath (a male) was taken at an altitude of 4,300 feet in April. The species appears to be common at Naini Tal and Kurseong and probably also at Simla in May and June. Dr. A. D. Imms took specimens at Bowali in July. Phlebotomus perturbans, Meijere. (Pl. v, fig. 3, wing, and pl. vi, figs. 5, 5a, 50, male genitalia.) P. perturbans, Metjere, Tijdschr. v. Ent., vol. lii, p. 201, pl. 12, fig. 13 (1909). Size and proporiions.—Total length 2°5-3 mm. Length of wing 3°25 mm.; greatest breadth of wing 07 mm. Hind leg 2} times as long as head and thorax; the femur a little more than half as long as the tibia, slightly longer than the first joint of the tarsus, which is distinctly shorter than the other joints together. Colour.—Thorax, abdomen, femora, tibiz, tarsi and antenne brown, with the usual silvery lights; head (including palpi and proboscis), coxee and trochanters yellowish; eyes black. Head.—Rostrum short and thick, rounded at the tip. An- tennee with the basal joint of the flagellum not much longer than the second; the second joint of the scape bearing a circle of curved scales. Palpi long, with five joints; the fifth joint the longest ; the second and third much longer than the fourth; the first very short. Thorax much as in P. argentipes, except that the hairs are shorter. Abdomen relatively shorter than in P. major, clothed with recumbent hairs and with a few upright curved ones on both the dorsal and the ventral surfaces. Wing bluntly pointed, with the posterior border not much more strongly arched than the anterior. The length of the anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein, the distance between the two forks of this vein and that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein subequal; the fork of the fourth longitudinal distinctly nearer the tip of the wing than the pos- terior fork of the second longitudinal. Genitalia (2) The superior appendage considerably larger than the inferior, both leaf-like and rounded at the tip. 48 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOLE (@) Inferior appendage shorter than the basal joint of the superior appendage, slender, bearing at the tip a bunch of long, stout bristles. Intermediate appendage without a ventral lobe, slender, pointed, with the tip curved. Superior appendage very long, the distal joint much shorter than the proximal, bearing four cheete, which are less than half as long as the joint and are arranged in two pairs—an equal pair at the tip and one in which the two cheetze are not equal on the inner surface about half way along the joint; the proximal chzetee are blunt, the distal ones pointed. Intromittent organ very slender, the valves rounded at the tip; the genital filaments well developed. This species is easily distinguished from all the other Indian forms I have seen except P. malabaricus (to which it bears a close superficial resemblance) by its-dark brownish colour. It is abund- ant in the jungles at the base of the Eastern Himalayas at the beginning of the rains. Large numbers flew to my light in the forest bungalow at Sukna (alt. 500 feet) near the Darjiling Hima- layan Railway on the evenings of July ist, 2nd and 3rd, 1908. I have not seen it elsewhere. Distribution.—Base of the Eastern Himalayas (Darjiling dis- trict): Java: Phlebotomus malabaricus, sp. nov. (Pl. v, fig. 1, head, fig. 2, wing ; and pl. vi, fig. 1, male genitalia.) Size and proportions.—Total length 2.5 mm. Length of wing 2 mm., greatest breadth 075 mm. Hind leg 1} times as long as the thorax and abdomen; the femur nearly ? the length of the tibia, 1% that of the first joint of the tarsus, which is } that of the remaining joints together. Colour.—Thorax, abdomen and legs (except coxe and trochanters) brown with a tinge of purple and with the usual silvery lights; wings purplish, strongly iridescent; head, coxe and trochanters pale brown; eyes black. Head. —Rostrum short, rounded in front. Antenne normal; the second joint of the scape pear-shaped, with several circles of hairs and scales; the first joint of the flagellum much longer than the second. Palpi long, with five joints; the basal joint very short, the second shorter than the third or fourth; third and- fourth joints subequal, together shorter than the fifth. Thorax densely covered with upright curved hairs. Abdomen covered with recumbent hairs. Wings pointed; the posterior border not much more strongly arched than the anterior. ‘The anterior branch of the second longi- tudinal vein very long, about four times as long as the distance between the two forks of the vein, which is much shorter than that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein; the fork of the fourth longitudinal almost level with the posterior fork of the second. Genitalia —(?) Much as in P. perturbans. (o) Inferior appendage slender, cylindrical, slightly shorter than the basal 1910. | N. ANNANDALE: Spfecies of Phlebotomus 49 joint of the superior appendage, bearing at its tip (in addition to a bunch of fine bristles) seven minute, conical, chitinous spines. Intermediate appendage without a ventral branch; the dorsal branch resembling that o° P. perturbans. Superior appendage with the distal joint less than half as long as the proximal one, bearing four cheetee, each of which is as long as the joint; one pair of cheetze is situated at the tip of the appendage and the other a short distance nearer the base of the joint. Intromittent organ long and slender; the apices of the valves club-shaped; genital filaments well developed. This species is closely related to P. ferturbans, the place of which it takes in the jungles at the base of the Western Ghats in Travancore, where I took numerous specimens at light in Novem- ber, 1908. ‘The anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein, however, is much longer than itis in P. perturbans and the legs are shorter, while the chetz of the male genitalia are much better developed. Distribution.—Travancore, S. India, below the western slopes of the Western Ghats. I took specimens at Nedumangad, Pallode and Maddathorai in November. Phlebotomus babu, sp. nov. (PI. iv, fig. 1, wing, and pl. vi, figs. 3, 3a, male genitalia.) Phlebotomus sf., Howlett, in Maxwell-Lefroy’s Indian Insect Life, P. 559, fig. 358 (1909). Size and proporttons.—Total length 2°5 mm. Length of wing 1°75 mm., greatest breadth of wing 0°25 mm. Hind leg rather less than twice as long as the thorax and abdomen: the femur slightly shorter than the tibia, which is more than twice as long as the first joint of the tarsus; the first joint of the tarsus less than half as long as the femur, shorter than the remaining joints together by half of its own length. Colour.—Silvery grey; the fringes on the wings, the thorax and abdomen appear in certain lights to be darker than the wings themselves and the limbs: the usual silvery lights present. Head.—Rostrum prominent, somewhat arched. Antenne with the second joint of the scape bearing several rows of flat scales; the joints of the flagellum normal. Palpi with four joints; the first three subequal, short; the fourth nearly as long as these three together. Thorax less tumid above than in P. argenttpes. Abdomen rather short, clothed in close-set upright hairs of different lengths and with a dense fringe of upwardly curved hairs running along each side of the abdomen near the ventral surface. Wings narrow, pointed, the posterior border hardly more strongly arched than the anterior, the third longitudinal vein dividing the wing into two nearly equal and similar halves. ‘The anterior branch of the second vein not much shorter than the second branch, shorter than the distance between the two forks of 50 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, the vein or the distance between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein; the two latter distances nearly equal; the posterior fork nearer the base of the wing than the fork of the fourth vein. Genitalia.—(@) The superior appendage long and narrow, somewhat curved; the inferior appendage less than half as long, straight. (#7) The inferior appendage club-shaped, distinctly elbowed, about as long as the basal joint of the superior append- age, bearing (in addition to slender bristles) several chitinous spines at the tip and on the ventral surface. Intermediate appendage short, blunt, with the ventral lobe represented by a short process on its ventral margin. The superior appendage with the basal joint stout, about twice as long as the distal joint, which bears four pointed equal or subequal chetze; the chete rather longer than the joint, situated two at the tip and two a short distance from it. This species is the smallest with which Iam acquainted. It is frequently found together with P. argentipes, from which it is easily distinguished by its smaller size, narrower wings and uniform grey colour; I have taken it also with P. malabaricus. In habits it resembles P. argentipes, than which it appears to be some- what more common. Distribution.—Probably all over the plains of India. I have examined specimens from Rawalpindi (C. W. Mason, September) ; from Allahabad (A. D. Imms, October) ; from Rajmahal on the Ganges (July) ; from Asansol (February, Paiva); from Purneah and Pusa (Howlett) in Northern Bengal ; Calcutta (all times of year) and Port Canning, Lower Bengal ; Puri, Orissa ; Rambha in the north- east of Madras (March); Trivandrum, Pallode and Maddathorai, Travancore (November), and Igatpuri in the Western Ghats, Bombay (November). Phlebotomus himalayensis, sp. nov. (PI. iv, fig. 2, wing, and pl. vi, fig. 7, male genitalia.) Size.—Total length 2-255 mm. Length of wing 1I°5 mm. greatest breadth of wing 0o'4 mm. Colour.—Yellowish grey with the usual silvery lights ; the dor- sum of the thorax slightly darker than the sides. Head.—Rostrum rounded at the tip, stout and elongated. Antennz normal, with two circles of flat scales and one of flattened hairs on the second joint of scape. Palpi with five joints ; the fifth the longest. Thorax and abdomen as in P. babu. Wing narrow, obtusely pointed, the posterior margin slightly more strongly arched than the anterior ; the anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein not much shorter than the second branch, at least four times as long as the distance between the two forks, which is about half as long as that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein ; the posterior fork and the fork of 1910. | N. ANNANDALE: Sfectes of Phlebotomus. 51 the fourth longitudinal almost level, the former being slightly nearer the tip of the wing than the latter. Genttalia.—( ? ) Appendages short and broad, the superior not much longer than the inferior. (@) Inferior appendage slender, distinctly elbowed, rounded and slightly clubbed at the tip, nearly as long as basal joint of superior appendages, devoid of chitinous spines. Intermediate appendages simple, pointed, curved down- wards at the tip. Superior appendages with the distal joint about half as long as the proximal, bearing at the tip three pointed cheetee, each of which is slightly shorter than the joint. Intromit- tent organ with two elongate, slender valves, which are truncated at the tip. This species resembles P. babu in general appearance but is somewhat larger and yellower. The wing is easily distinguished from that of P. babu by the great length of the anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein. P. himalayensis frequently occurs together with P. major, just as P. babu does with P. argentipes. Distribution.—The Himalayas, between 4,000 and 7,000 feet. I have examined specimens from Naini Tal and Bowali in Kumaon (A. D. Imms, R. E. Llovd) and Kurseong (Darjiling district). It is apparently common in both districts in May, June and July. Phlebotomus papatasi, Scopoli. (Pl. iv, fig. 4, wing, and pl. vi, fig. 2, male genitalia.) P. papatasi, Grassi, Mem. d. soc. ital. d. Sct. (111), xiv, p. 353 (1907). Phlebotomus sf. (o genitalia), Howlett, in Maxwell-Lefroy’s Indian Insect Life, p. 560, fig. 359 (1909). >? P. angustipennis, Metjere, Tijdschr. v. Ent., vol. lil, p. 202, pl. 12, fig. 14 (1909). Size and proportions.—Total length 2°55 mm. Length of wing 2°25 mm.; greatest breadth 0-4 mm. Hind leg more than twice as long as thorax and abdomen; the femur a little less than ? the length of the tibia, which is nearly twice the length of the first joint of the tarsus ; the first joint of the tarsus in the anterior legs distinctly shorter than the remaining joints together. Colour pale yellowish grey. Head.—Rostrum somewhat slender. Antenne normal ; the basal joint slender, the second joint of the scape subspherical, with a circle of scales and two of flattened hairs. Palpi with (?) five joints; the basal joint indistinct, the second, third and fifth subequal, each longer than the fourth. Thorax and abdomen offering no apparent peculiarities. Wings narrow, pointed, with the posterior border markedly more arched than the anterior. ‘The anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein much shorter than the second branch; the former longer than the distance between the two forks, shorter than that between the posterior fork and the mid cross-vein ; the posterior fork slightly nearer the base of the wing than the fork of the fourth longitudinal. 52 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vot. IV, 1910.] Genitalia.—( 2) The superior and inferior appendages short, subequal. (@) Inferior appendages slender, shorter than the basal joint of the superior appendages, bearing about six short chitinous spines at the tip. Intermediate appendages with three lobes, the proximal lobe slender, curved, filiform ; the middle lobe longer than either of the other two, slender, arched, with a fringe of hairs on the concave posterior margin ; the distal lobe concave above, pointed, clothed with fine hairs. ‘The superior appendage with the distal joint rather longer than the proximal one, bearing five short, blunt cheetze, three at the tip (the middle one being shorter than that at either side of it) and two, one nearer the base than the other, on the middle part of the joint. The intromittent organ very short, pointed, the genital filaments well developed. By the kindness of Dr. J. H. Ashworth, I have been able to compare Indian specimens with specimens from S. Europe (see Nature, vol. 81, p. 518, 1909). Meijere’s P. angustipennis, so far as is shown by his figure of the wing and his brief description, only differs from P. papatasi as regards the outline of the posterior border of the wing and the longitudinal vein adjacent to it. In some species (e.g., P. babu) this is a variable character.! Distribution.—Southern Europe and Northern India (plains) ; ? N. Africa. I have seen a number of specimens from Rawalpindi (collected by Mr. C. W. Mason in September) and a single male from Pusa, Bihar, Northern Bengal (Howlett). The Rawalpindi specimens were accompanied by specimens of P. babu and were for the most part infected by a parasitic fungus. The importance of this species from a medical point of view is expounded in Doerr, Franz and Taussig’s Das Pappatacifieber (1909). 1 It would perhaps be more correct to say that this part of the wing is peculiarly liable to distortion in preserved specimens. A comparison of the differ- ent figures of the wing of P. papatass that have been published proves very consi- derable apparent variation in this respect. , . . « . , hi 7 . ‘ : ‘ , . . ‘ . o « } ' ; * . » > ? he ‘ 7 = , , = sce . Pe] : - iy j * . Z z ‘ : r * » 4. . ' a . ‘ ‘ » . : F o : : ’ = 2 ’ : j a] . . a a 7 = i all . oo ° ‘ . » eo . i - + e Mew y : i j * ry j ‘ ‘ - ® ‘ f ‘ ‘ . 1 e . F - 7 ‘ , 4 ' = . « ; . ¢ ‘ al ( ° ‘ = ° * * é 4 a vf 7 : a , ‘ te y ’ ' ' © * - = ‘ ‘ i ? i oe 2 ¢ - - 7 Fi . . . 4 wa + > 7 . ‘ ? ‘ 7 7 , ; | , e i ® af o ' ° ! i} | iw i oe * . v4 7. : : > Ligh “SS gt fs : . 7 7 -_ 4 : EXPLANATION OF PLATE. 1Ve WINGS OF INDIAN PHLEBOTOMI. Fic. 1.—Phlebotomus babu. 2.— a himalayensts. {— A argenti pes. Ali 3 papatast (Rawalpindi). Rec. Ind. Mus.,Vol.1V,1910 3x 72. EXPLANATION OF PLATE V. WINGS AND HEAD OF INDIAN PHLEBOTOMI. Fic. 1.—Head of Phlebotomus malabaricus, from in front 33 2.—Wing of ¥ 5 perturbans. major. ae ” ” ”) gs ace) ” ”? Rec. Ind.Mus.,Vol. IV, 1910. - Plate V. BiG Bo 6 S. EXPLANATION OF PLATE VI. EXTERNAL MALE GENITALIA OF INDIAN PHLEBOTOMI. (The sub-genital lamella is omitted in all the figures and the append- ages have been denuded of fine hatrs.) Fic. 1.—Male genitalia of Phlebotomus malabartcus. Pie Dasa gers 5 a papatast. en Bemete Ss; be re babu (cheetee removed). Jo omy 1555 3 5 a ,, (extremity of dis- tal joint, showing the base of the cheetze). ” 4.— ” ” ”) ” MAJOY. Be SS BS aA perturbans. Oat Ae AG 5 argentipes. 02S OM a a s himalayensis. -Rec. Ind. Mus.,Vol. IV, 1910. Plate VI. a A — Q 3ax 380. Da. 5 pais. 7x 240 NUL ONO MLE VATU RS ge N CULILCID 2. E. BRUNETTI. Since the connection between mosquitoes and malaria was definitely established a few years ago, numerous writers (medical, anatomical, -biological, economical and so on,—practically every- thing but dipterological) have appeared, probably attracted by the economic aspect of the question. It is to be.regretted that hardly any of these have possessed any general entomological knowledge, and the natural consequence has arisen; the differences between the various forms have been so grossly exaggerated taxonomically that a few years more progress at the same rate might see the Culi- cidee elevated to the rank of a Sub-kingdom, with classes, sub- classes, orders and so on. The absurdity of even the present state of things is so self-evident to everyone with a general know- ledge of Diptera combined with some acquaintance with taxonomic values in other orders also, that a serious protest seems imperative. The critical observations contained herein are not intended as any attack on what our American contemporaries amiably designate ‘‘ mosquito sharps,’’ but as a real and earnest protest against the utter disregard to zoological value and stability exhi- bited in the creation, on characters often of quite minor importance, of hosts of new ‘‘ genera’’ and even ‘‘ sub-families,’’ to say nothing of species, the latter being a point on which opinion may for the present be reserved. Prof. Williston ‘is, so far as I am aware, the only systematic dipterologist to endeavour to stem the tide of irresponsible additions to the literature of this order,! but apparently with little success, and it seems-incumbent on me to support dipterological opinion, having associated myself, at least clerically, with the Culicide of the Orient. His most instructive paper should be carefully read by all, because the whole subject is presented with the greatest moderation yet with absolute conciseness, in spite of the present condition of things in this family being calculated to cause considerable irmi- tation to the systematist. To quote a few of his more pertinent observations, it is im- portant that of the present-day writers on mosquitoes nearly all are non-dipterologists, ‘‘ some indeed, whose only papers on ento- mology have been those proposing new subfamilies ! ‘“ Their ignorance of related Diptera has more than once been deplorably shown by writers on the Culicide ’’ and he observes ‘“no one is competent to discuss philosophically the classification of any group of animal life, who is not well grounded in the principles of taxonomy as applied to related animals,’’ for ‘‘ the mosquitoes Can. Ent., xxxviii, 384. ” ! «¢ The Classification of the Culicide, 56 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, Corethring ; but in my.compilatory work, the Anopheline and “Edeomyine were accorded sub-family rank, merely in deference to specialists (as was distinctly stated in my reply to Messrs. Dyer and Knab’s criticism of my Oriental Catalogue, Canviint «xis, 127). These groups were presumably differentiated as follows : : Anopheline, palpi longin @ and 2; Culicine, palpi long in @ short in 9; Ldeomyine, palpi short in @ and 2; Corethrine, proboscis short and not formed for biting, which separates this sub-family from the other three. No doubt the genera of intermediate nature efface the dividing lines between these sub-families, which only supports the plea that no true separation exists except between the Culicine and Coreth- yin@é. Miss Mitchell echoes writers on mosquitoes only, in asking ‘why should the Corethrid: #@ be placed in Culicide,” and in referring to both groups as ‘‘ heterogeneous elements.’ Replying to this it may be remarked that Corethra, to the systematic dipterologist, has always been in Culicide, where, I main- tain, it must most certainly still remain, as in its natural affinity. To compare it with Szmulium is quite wrong, the two genera having nothing incommon. Most of the workers in mosquitoes forget that venation is one of the soundest characters in classification, and that Corethra has a venation identical with Culex. The absence in the former genus of the stiff proboscis formed for piercing, characteristic of the Culicin@, does not necessitate the elimination of the genus from Culicide. Stomoxys and its allies have a stiff piercing proboscis, yet they have been admitted till recently merely as a group of genera in the sub-family Muscine.. In Girschner’s rearrangement of groups in Muscide s. lato the Muscine sub-family is suppressed but Stomoxvs, etc., are none the less afforded generic rank only, and incidentally it may be noted that. with this new sequence of genera in Muscidee I cannot possibly agree. Drymeia has also a_ stiff proboscis, yet is merely an exceptionally structured genus of Anthomyide. Other genera in other families could also be cited. The methods of depositing the eggs, the anatomy of the stomach, the minor characters: of the larve, and in fact, all the features emphasized by Miss Mitchell, would be regarded by sys- tematic dipterologists as subservient to, for instance, venation, and any bodily structure in the adult of a much higher nature than the variation of organs known to be subject to the greatest differen- tiations. To borrow again from Williston’s article, ‘‘ The three or four new families that have been proposed in recent years, all of them with more distinctive characters than the Corethrine possess, have been unanimously rejected by dipterologists.’’ Besides, many of the points urged by Miss Mitchell are flatly denied shortly afterwards by Mr. F. Knab, in the same Journal (Can. Ent., xxxix, 340). Mr. Knab’s reply to Miss Mitchell’s article calls for little comment here as it mainly consists of refutations or doubts of 1910. | E. BRUNETTI: Taxonomic values in Culicide. 57 the statements made by the latter author concerning the life history of various Culicide as compared with species of Chironomide, Psychodide and Dixa. As Iam personally unacquainted with the earlier stages of any of these genera, it would be presumption to decide ‘‘ when doctors disagree,’’ but I have seen no reply to Mr. Knab on the subject, and his facts appear well founded. Regarding Dixa, it has always been regarded as somewhat abnormal; to me personally it appears intermediate between Tipulide and Culicidee. The excuse for the erection of such a number of new genera, and the splitting up of the Culicide into several sub-families, is usually the unwieldiness of the genera, which otherwise would contain such a large number of species in each. As it is well known to be a common thing for students to deter- mine the species first, and discover its genus afterwards, the in- stability of most of the genera is surely emphasized, as the present writer never heard of this method of determination being followed in any other group. Moreover it is entirely wrong, scientifically, to consider that the presence of a large number of species in any genus is sufficient justification for dividing it into several others and according them equal value. A genus, as Prof. Williston truthfully says, should be something more than a second name for a species, or a cogno- men established for convenience’ sake only. ‘‘ A genus is a concept ”’ is written in the late Baron Osten Sacken’s handwriting, inside the covers of his hand-copy of Aldrich’s Catalogue of North American Diptera (now in the possession of the Indian Museum), and it should have a real zoological value and significance ; all genera throughout the animal kingdom being theoretically more or less on the same plane of systematic value. Personally, I object to all classification which is not as nearly as possible a natural one, and purely artificial groups should at the very outside attain only the rank of sub- genera,! The plea of the unwieldiness of extensive genera cannot be upheld, as the systematist is quite accustomed to such genera. In the first five volumes of the Catalogue of Diptera now in process of publication by Prof. Kertesz, are to be found numerous such genera, with approximately the following number of species each: Mycetophila 190, Sciara 460, Chironomus 320, Culex 182 (up to 1920), Cecidomyia 180, Dasyneura 160, Tipula 310, Odontomyia 160, Chrysops 150, Pangonia 180, Anthrax 460, Exoprosopa 230, Bomby- lius 240, Asilus 260, Promachus 150, Laphria 230, in addition to nearly twenty others with a little over or a little under 100 species in each ; the whole triumphantly capped by the gigantic genus 1 An objection to ‘‘ preliminary descriptions,’’ often of a few lines or words only, may suitably be here recorded. It seems doubtful whether priority can justly be claimed in such cases, the full descriptions being often long delayed ; though I recognise the awkwardness of the situation in deciding whether a ‘ pre- liminary ’’ description is of sufficient length to stand good or not. 58 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, 19f0.] Tabanus with 912, a genus in which over and over again abortive attempts have been made to dismember it successfully. The real cause of the undue inflation into genera of what should be merely groups of species, and the elevation of a few of such so-called genera into sub-family rank isthe general absence of knowledge of the other families in Diptera in the present-day writers on Culicide. Williston has already been quoted on this subject. Therefore, in his remark that ‘‘ triviality has reached its limits (referring to the slender characters on which so many genera have in recent years been established), I cannot but entirely concur: this without any individual reproach to workers in mosquitoes, many of whom have been most courteous to me personally. It is almost certain that a wider knowledge of the accepted zoological value of such terms as ‘“‘ family,’’ ‘‘ sub-family,’’ ‘“* genus,’’ etc., would convince them of the grossly exaggerated value attributed by them to what the systematic dipterologist would term quite secondary characters. In short, if any culicidologist would have the patience, before making new genera and sub-families, to read up some of the syste- matic dipterological literature of the last 60 or 80 years, more especially the tables of genera in the various families of Diptera, contained in Schiner’s Fauna Austriaca (than which no better standard work on the order has ever been issued)! he would find the greatest varieties of forms, not only in antenne, palpi, genital organs, exterior covering (whether scales, hairs, bristles, spines or other- wise), proportionate parts of the body and so on, but in venation also; all this in the same family, yet in spite of the hundreds of new species erected yearly, all attempts to create new families and sub-families on slender characters meet with strenuous opposition. It may be remarked here, although the subject will be treated more fully in the forthcoming Supplement to my Catalogue, that recent writers on this family appear to depart deliberately from biological precedence in the methods of presenting the results of their studies to others, with the result that the consultation of their writings is unnecessarily rendered materially more difficult. This is chiefly in their method of quoting from other authors; in the indices, and the undue prominence given to the @ . In the present paper however the only object has been to call attention to the instability of the great bulk of the generic and higher divisions recently proposed in this family. >” 1 The examination of these tables alone forms, perhaps, the most compres hensive yet concise method of obtaining a rapid insight into the principles of classification in this order. They may be with advantage supplemented by the equivalent tables relating to North American genera, contained in Prof. Williston’s admirable manual ‘* North American Diptera,’’ 2nd Ed. Me wer VES ONe oO bt HE OR PRN? AL BIT, OOD - Seer G MUS CID A -(SFONtOX FN Z PHiLE aw MAEOM Y TA. Suse. AND PRES TREY NCH OMA [A . GEN. NOV.). By E. BRUNETTI. In the present paper, sixteen species are regarded as probably distinct, belonging to the group Stomoxine. I have also estab- lished a new genus Pristivhynchomyia, with one species, allied to Mr. Austen’s recently created genus Philematomyza. These latter two genera certainly belong to the group of genera immediately approximate to Musca, whatever this group may be called. The arrangement of genera in Muscide in the 3rd volume of the Palzearctic Catalogue contains several associations with which I can hardly concur ; especially the placing of the genus Musca itself in Anthomyide, and the abolition of Oestridee as a family. Two genera not yet found in the Orient are included amongst these descriptions, that they may be recognised should they occur here. One (He@matobosca, Bezzi) is European, and may occur in the Himalayas or in North-West India ; the other (Slygeromyia, Aust.) is African, and might easily be imported through the agency of cattle traffic. That the species are generally closely related to each other is easily realised by the number of synonyms even amongst the few European species. Stomoxys calcitrans, 1,., has been described seven- teen or eighteen times, Hematobia stiinulans, Mg., possessing six synonyms and Lyperosia irritans, I,., a comparatively uncommon species, two. I have little doubt of the specific distinctness of all the forms described in this paper, with the exception of the genus S/omoxys, of which a considerable amount of further study seems imperative. At times it has even occurred to me that all the so-called species from the East could almost be comprised under three typical forms, which may be termed calcitrans, L.., indica, Picard, and a species with a distinctively formed fore tarsus in the @ (the only sex known)—/udlla, Aust. For this reason I cannot feel satisfied with the table of species in Stomoxys, and in this genus the present article must be regarded as more preparatory than conclusive. 60 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoE. IV2 It may be noted here that some confusion may possibly arise, and erroneous deductions arrived at by a misunderstanding, as to whether the width of the frons is measured across the vertex or across the middle. Mr. Austen, in his paper dealing with these genera measures along the vertex, but I have always adopted the second course, taking its average width, ignoring the widening at the vertex and towards the frontal triangle ; or in other words I have regarded its width as the distance between two perpendicular lines drawn so as to touch the greatest length of eye margins. My thanks are due to Prof. Bezzi for some valuable notes on Lyperosia and Hematobosca and especially to Mr. E. E. Austen for information, respecting Lyperosia minuta and L. exigua, enabling me to avoid describing both species again as new. ‘The former I knew only from four specimens (African) in indifferent condition ; the latter from the description only, in which, be it noted, no men- tion is made of the conspicuous long hairs on the hind tarsi in theo’. As my descriptions of both species have been drawn up from a good series of both sexes of each species, I allow them to remain as redescriptions of minuta and exigua; the original descriptions of these two species not always being accessible. In connection with studies on this group, the following papers may be consulted :— rt. E. E. Austen. A monograph of the Tsetse flies (Glossina). London, British Museum (1903). 2. K. Griinberg. ‘‘ Uber blutsaugende Musciden,”’ Zoologis- cher Anzeiger, xxx, 78 (1906). 3. M. Bezzi. ‘‘ Die Gattungen der blutsaugenden Musciden,’’ Zeits. Hymen. v. Dipt., 1907, p. 413. 4. M. Bezzi. ‘‘Mosche ematofaghe,’’ Rend. Istit. lomb. di Scie lett... 1Q07-) Pp: 1453- 5. E. E. Austen. ‘‘ New genera and species of blood-sucking Muscide from the Ethiopian and Oriental Regions, in the British Museum,’’ Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), ii, 285 (1909). 6. KE. E. Austen. Illustrations of African blood-sucking flies, other than mosquitoes and tsetse flies. London, British Museum (1909). Table of genera in STOMOXINE. A Arista plumose above and below. I. Ist and 3rd longitudinal veins at base bare. Apical part of 4th vein quite straight. Ist posterior cell rather narrowly open. Body generally more slender (Lyperosza-like). Palpi comparatively less spatulute. Arista with comparatively fewer hairs below H@matobosca,' Bezzi. | Not yet recorded from the Orient, but occurs in Italy. IgI0. | AA Ce 2. Oo E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 61 Ist and 3rd longitudinal veins at base bare. Apical part of 4th vein not straight, but less curved than in Hematobia. Ist posterior cell broadly open. Body generally stouter (Stomoxys-like). Palpi comparatively more spatulate at tips. Arista with comparatively more hairs below, Ldellolarynx, Aust. Ist and 3rd longitudinal veins with a few minute bristles at their bases. Apical part of 4th vein much curved (as in Stomoxys). Ist posterior cell broadly open. Body generally stouter (Stomoxys-like). Palpi comparatively less spatulate at tips. Arista with comparatively less hairs below, Hematobia, Rob. Desv. Arista plumose above only. Palpi much shorter than proboscis. (3rd longitudinal vein bristly at base) Stomoxys, Geoff. Palpi always approximately as long as proboscis. Apical part of 4th vein quite straight. 3rd longitudinal vein with minute bristles at base. Ist posterior cell rather narrowly open. Proboscis not tapering ; palpi clavate at tips. Body chiefly Stomoxys-like. Sternopleural bristles black, Stygeromyia,! Aust. Apical part of 4th vein with distinct curve, as in Stomoxys and Hematobia. 3rd longitudinal vein at base bare. Ist posterior cell rather broadly open. Proboscis gently tapering from base to tip; palpi not clavate at tips. Sternopleural bristles distinctly yellow, Lyperosia, Rond. HAMATOBOSCA, Bezzi, 1907. Zeits. Hym. Dipt., 414. This genus may be characterised thus: Body more slender than in Hematobia; palpi as long as proboscis ; arista with some hairs below; 3rd longitudinal vein bare at base; 4th, as a whole, considerably curved (in comparison with that of Lyferosia) ; Ist posterior cell rather narrowly open. I add a description of this genus to my paper, although it is not yet known from the East, because it may easily occur in the northern part of India. 1 Not yet recorded from the Orient, but occurs in Arabia. 62 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor.EVs The typical (and only) species is atripalpis, Bezzi, Bull. So. Ent. Ital., xxvii, 60 (1895) (H@matobia), described from Italy. Austen’s recently erected genus bdellolarynx is very closely allied. BDELLOLARYNX, Austen, 1900. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), iii, 290. ‘““Small, stoutly built, thick-set flies, closely allied to Hematobia, R.D., but distinguishable as follows :—No sexual colour- dimorphism (unless it be in wings); front, facial angles, and anterior margin of buccal cavity less prominent ; jowls descending considerably behind, instead of nearly horizontal, but basi- occipital region much less protuberant ; bristles below facial angles small and fine, instead of relatively coarse; in @ front wider with upper inner margins of eyes more nearly parallel, less ap- proximate in middle of front ; arista feathered above with consider- ably longer hairs, and below with about six fairly long hairs ; Ist and 3rd longitudinal veins entirely bare, without bristles at base.’’ The cheetotaxy is as follows: Humeral bristles 2; post-humeral I; notopleural 2; presutural 1; supra-alar I; intra-alar 1; post- alar 2; dorso-central 5 (2 in front of and 3 behind suture, may be difficult to distinguish, especially in @ ) ; inner dorso-central I (some- times 2 in @); scutellar 4 (1 preebasal, 1 basal, 1 discal, situated close to lateral margin, I apical); mesopleural about Io or 12; sternopleural I : I. ‘* Bdellolarynx is distinguished from Hematobosca, Bezzi, by the palpi being much more spatulate at the tips, by the arista having a greater number of hairs below, and, in the wing, by the shape of the Ist posterior cell and the course of the terminal portion of the 4th longitudinal vein (in Hematobosca the latter details are the same as in Stygeromyia, Aust.). Typical species, B. sanguino- lentus, sp. nov.’’ Bdellolarynx sanguinolentus, Aust., 1909. ocx cits, 200. o 2. India, Ceylon, Assam. Long.o 43-5 mm. ; 2? 33-44 mm. ‘“ Mouse-grey or slate-grey, clothed with short black hair, bristles also black ; palpi buff; dorsum of thorax with a pair of extremely narrow, widely separated, parallel, longitudinal ad- median blackish stripes, a somewhat triangular blackish mark extending backwards from inner end of each humeral callus, and an elongate blackish streak in a line with latter mark behind transverse suture (two outer marks less distinct in ¢ ); dorsum of abdomen with a narrow, interrupted, longitudinal, median, clove- brown stripe, and, on 2nd and 3rd segments, paired transverse, roughly triangular, clove-brown blotches, the pair on 2nd segment especially large. Wings hyaline or tinged with tawny olive ing, hyaline in 2 ; femora greyish clove-brown, extreme tips ochraceous IgI0. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 63 buff, one or more pairs sometimes more or less brownish except at base, tarsi dark brown.’’ Types in the British Museum; @ captured by me at Calcutta, 8-11-09; @ from Mussoorie, ix-o6 [Howlett]. Other specimens in the British Museum from Allahabad, 6-x-05 [Howlett]; Sylhet, 13-iv-05 [Hall]; and Henaratgova and Haldumulla (both Ceylon), 7-iiand I4-vi-92 respectively [| Yerbury]. Inthe Indian Museum are _3 @¢@ from Tharbani, Nepal, 27-ii-o8; and from the base of the Dawna Hills, Lower Burma, 2-iii-o8 [Annandale]; 37 ~ from Bandra (Bombay Presidency) ‘‘ hovering in slaughter house,”’ 28-xi-09 [Hodgart]; and one 2 from Maddathorai (base of Western Ghats, Travancore, 17-xi-o8 [Annandale]. I have a #7 in my own collection taken by me in Calcutta, 18-ii-o5. Both Dr. Annandale and the Museum Collector Mr. Hodgart have noticed the apparent habit in the males of this species of hovering, an unusual practice of the members of this subfamily, although I have occasionally noticed it in Stomoxys calcitrans. N.B.—Although the specimen forming the type of this genus was taken by me I was unaware of its generic difference from Stomoxys at the time of capture. HAMATOBIA, Rob. Desv., 1830. Essai sur les Myod., 388. Original description.—** Palpi elongati, ultra epistoma porrecti, interdum apice dilatati ; apud quasdam species, tarsi postici externé serrati.’’ This genus was first split off from Stomoxys by Robineau Desvoidy for those species in which the palpi are as long as the pro- boscis, in contradistinction to calcitvans with its very short slender palpi. The author added that the palpi are sometimes a little dilated at the tip, and that in some species the hind tarsi (‘* tarses posterieurs ’’) were serrated. He only included four species, all from France. Of these, two (ferox and geniculata) are synonymous with stimulans, Mg., and another (serrata) is synonymous with ivvitans, 1,., a species for which Rondani erected the genus Lyferosia, The remaining species, ¢zbialis, still stands good as distinct and remains in Hematobia. From the more restricted point of view, the characters of Hematobia are: (1) the presence of minute but distinct (though easily broken off) bristles at the base of both the Ist and 3rd longitu- dinal veins, this being the only genus in which these bristles appear on the Ist longitudinal vein ; (2) the arista being plumose below as well as above ; (3) the palpi, which are practically as long as the proboscis; (4) the well-curved apical part of the 4th longitu- dinal vein (as in Stomoxys, to which genus the present species bear considerable resemblance in size and shape) ; (5) the broadly open Ist posterior cell. Lesser characters may be gleaned from my table of genera. 64 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL2 EV, Table of Oriental species. Legs all black, except base of tibize pale a .. sanguisugens, Aust.,o. Posterior femora wholly pale =<. i74ipcs-sp. now. Hematobia sanguisugens, Aust., 1909. Ann. Mag. } Nat. Hist. (8), iti, 288. gy. Himalayas. Long. 5h 4-6 mm. ‘* Olivaceous-grey, or brownish grey, with clove-brown mark- ings ; dorsum of thorax with 2 pairs of clove-brown longitudinal stripes (outer stripes broader and widely interrupted at transverse suture), anda less sharply defined median stripe ; dorsum of abdo- men with a clove-brown median longitudinal stripe, extending from front margin of 2nd to beyond middle of 4th segment, narrowly interrupted before hind margins of 2nd and 3rd segments, a pair of transversely elongate dusky blotches on Ist segment, a pair of large clove-brown spots on 2nd segment and a pair of similar but smaller spots on 3rd segment ; wings slightly infuscated, light sepia coloured ; legs ploy brow n, bases of tibize ochraceous- buff. 2 The types of this species are in the British Museum taken at Kasauli, Punjab (W. Himalayas), ‘‘on cows’’ [Lt.-Col. F. Wyville Thomson}. ‘* The flies sucked the animals, and their abdo- mens became distended with blood. I have never noticed them biting man.’’ Mr. Austen compares his species to the European H. stimulans of Meigen, distinguishing it by ‘‘ its usually somewhat smaller size (average length of 6 #7 @, 5°75 mm.), by the median dark dorsal stripe on the abdomen being practically continuous throughout its extent instead of widely interrupted before reaching the hind margins of the 2nd and 3rd segments, by the 4th abdominal segment in the ~ being always without a pair of dorsal spots, and by the rst longitudinal vein being either entirely bare or having at most one or two minute bristles, instead of a row of bristles con- spicuous under a strong lens when viewed at a low angle from the direction of the hind margin of the wing.’’ N.B.—One o& in the Indian Museum, taken 10-vili-og by Mr. Paiva at Darjiling (7,000 ft.), agrees almost perfectly with Mr. Austen’s description. Incidentally, I may note that, previous to reading of his species, I had marked this specimen as a variety of stimulans. Mr. Austen however mentions six specimens that show consistency in the markings. The lesser size I do not value as a specific character as I have noticed that Oriental specimens of very common European species appear to be generally undersized. The intrinsic value of the minute spines on the bases of the Ist and 3rd longitudinal veins, when present, is also, to my thinking, much less than some writers have considered it. Ig10.] E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 65 H. stimulans may quite possibly occur in Northern India ; this species, if found, should be recognisable by the differences from sanguisugens given above. Hematobia rufipes, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Himalayas, Nepal. Tong. 4-5 mm. Head. Frons one-third width of head, yellowish grey, with a broad dull bare stripe. Ocellar triangle with two pairs of small bristles above and a pair of strong ones below. Fronto-orbital bristles 9, the upper 4 placed rather out of the straight line, slightly irregularly, the lower 5 normal and well curved inwards. Face whitish grey, with the usual bristles about the mouth. Antenne blackish, arista with 7 long hairs above, and 5 below. Palpi reddish yellow, with black bristles, which are more numerous at the tip. Proboscis wholly shining black, slightly longer than palpi. Back of head grey, occipital orbit normally fringed with bristles. Thorax. Dorsum yellowish brown, with a broad median grey stripe from anterior margin to beyond the middle ; this stripe edged with a dark brown but not sharply-defined line. "Towards the margin of the dorsum the colour is much browner. Humeri grey. The median grey stripe appears blackish, if viewed from behind. The whole of the sides of the thorax uniformly blackish grey, with minute sparse black pubescence. Scutellum brownish yellow, with minute pubescence, two strong spiny bristles towards each side. The two apical bristles are broken off, but appear to be strong. Chetotaxy. Humeral bristles 3 (one or more sometimes weaker) ; post- humeral 1; presutural 1; noto-pleural 2; supra-alar 2; intra- alar 1; post-alar 1; meso-pleural 10, the uppermost placed just below the hindermost noto-pleural ; sterno-pleural 1: 1. The dorso- central bristles not very conspicuous, apparently I before, 3 or 4 behind suture and a hindermost very strong one. Abdomen. Yellowish grey ; a narrow median black stripe ; each segment mainly occupied by a pair of large blackish spots of irregular shape. Whole dorsum covered with soft hairs. Belly grey. Legs. Reddish yellow. Fore femora (except extreme tips), tips of hind femora, and the tarsi, blackish. Fore femora with rows of long stiff hairs on outer and lower sides ; middle femora with 2 curved hairs above, at tip ; hind femora with a few longish hairs above at tip, one below. Middle tibiae with 2 or 3 bristles at tip, hind tibize with one bristle behind, at tip. Legs minutely pubescent. Wings clear, outer cross-vein nearly straight. Tegule yellow- ish ; halteres yellow. Described from 2 2 2 in the Indian Museum. Darjiling (6,000 ft.), 29-ix-08 [Brunetti , tvpe| ; and Noalpur, Nepal, 23-11-08. 66 Records of the Indian Museum. { Vor. ave STOMOXYS, Geoff., 1764. Hust: Desens. s11yc538: See also Sch. F. Aust. (Dipt.), i, 577 (1862). The genus Stomoxys, Geoff., as understood by the older authors, and as described by Schiner, included both stimulans, Mg. (now referred to Hematobia), and trritans, I,. (now placed in Lyferosia). Both these latter species were primarily split off from Stomoxvs, under the name H@matobia, Rob. Desv., on the strength of the palpi being as long as the proboscis. Some discussion has arisen as to whether the name Stomoxys, Geoff., or Szphona, Mg., should stand for the present genus. ‘Two recent authorities,—Speiser (Zeits. f. wiss. Insek., i, 461) and Bezzi, both in his ‘* Mosche ematofaghe ’’ (Rend. Istit. lomb. (2), xl, 17) and in the 3rd volume of the new Palearctic Catalogue ,— have replaced Stomoxys by Siphona, Mg. I am glad to see that Mr. Austen (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), x1x, 445) has deprecated the change, giving full and satisfactory reasons for supporting the continuance of the name Stomoxys for the present genus. The following generic description is founded on that of Schiner, with the elimination of such characters as only apply to the more recently established genera, and the addition of other distinctive characters which appear to be, in the restricted sense of the genus, generically consistent. STOMOXYS, Geoff. (Redescription.) Medium-sized, grey flies, one species (calcitrans) being one of the common ‘‘ house flies.’’ Head semi-circular, somewhat flattened in front; epistome nearly straight, nearly bare ; buccal cavity hardly prominent, with a row of strong spines each side ; cheeks rather narrow, descending only a little below the eyes. Front in o narrow, in @ about one-third the width of the head, the exact dimensions in both sexes varying in different species, and (within narrow limits) sometimes in the same species. In both sexes a row of about 7 tronto-orbital bristles, which in the @ are augmented by smaller ones on the upper part of the frons placed nearer to the eyes. Eyes bare. Antennee recumbent, moderate in size, Ist joint very small, 2nd distinct, with a few short bristles, 3rd about three times the length of the 2nd. Arista plumose on upper side only, with about 8 to 10 long, well separated hairs of (after the first one or two) gradually decreasing length nearly to the tip, these hairs being very slightly curved, but seldom bisinuate. Proboscis horizontal, very prominent, of hard chitinous material, considerably thicker on basal part, narrowing gradually to tip ; labella very small. Palpi IQIO. | E. BRUNETTI: Blood-sucking Muscide. 67 cylindrical, narrow, small, much shorter than proboscis, often inconspicuous through lying flat against the epistome. Thorax a little longer than broad, of the average Muscid type, with macrochetee,! and minute bristly hairs. Abdomen ovato-conical, moderately arched, generally marked with infuscated spots, a dorsal stripe, or transverse darker bands. Legs of moderate size and length, minutely pubescent, with a few stronger bristles ; inner side of middle tibiae bare. Wings of the typical Muscid venation, resembling that of Cyrtoneura stabu- lans, F. (also a ‘‘ common house fly ’’’), except that the 4th longi- tudinal vein is bent upwards in a sharper curve after passing the inner transverse vein, thus leaving the Ist posterior cell rather broadly open ; 3rd longitudinal vein with some distinct but minute bristles at its base. The metamorphoses occur in decaying vegetable matter, horse- dung and similar substances. Both sexes in the adult suck blood, including, occasionally, that of man, but they are especially irri- tating to horses and cattle. The genus is probably world-wide, or at least wherever civilised man is found. Table of Oriental species of STOMOXYS. A Fore tarsus normal. B Abdominal segments without bands, but with two distinct (often ill-defined) spots on at-“least the -2nd :and> 3rd segments. Tibize pale at base only. Frons in @ 4 width of head ; in 9 4. D Thorax with 4 well-defined (but variable) stripes, never divided. Width of frons jing din 9.. : DD Thorax with 4 oblong large spots, each more or _ less divided. Width of frons (presumably) neither + nor + as sex iS given as doubtful oF .. plurinotata, Big. CC Frons in @ + (9 unknown). Tibize with basal half pale, middle pair apparently wholly so abe .. oblongopunctata, sp. nov., @. J} The chetotaxy of S. calcitvans is fully described under the heading of that species rather than under that of Stomovys, as I do not wish to suggest that that particular arrangement of bristles is necessarily generic, not being acquainted with the chetotaxy of species from other parts of the world, that is to say of species which must obviously remain in this genus. The chetotavy of at any rate all the species I have seen is uniform. , calcitrans,L., 7 @. 68 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL.. EV; CCC Frons in 7 ito ¢ (2? 2 un- known). EK Frons shining white ; abdom- inal marks as in calcitrans (2? Oriental) sitvens, Rond., o. EE Frons quite dark; 2nd, 3rd, and 4th abdominal segments each with two black marks in the shape of elongated triangles a .. tmangularis, sp. nov., o&. BB Abdominal segments with a distinct black band on, at least, hind margins. F Frons comparatively wide, 14 to rather wider than +. G Frons 4; tibiz pale at base only ; transverse dark band at base of 2nd and 3rd segments as well as on hind margins .. bengalensis, Picard,@ 2. GG Frons_ rather wider than +; anterior tibie and tarsi pale ; no band at bases of segments ; 2nd segment wholly clove- brown or nearly so (2 un- known) Aa .. pusilla, Aust., 7 FF Frons narrow, +} to ¢; tibie wholly pale ae n 2 \undica, Picard, o'9.. AA Fore tarsus in o with Ist joint fringed on inside with a row of hairs of equal length (2 unknown) .. pula. AuStic N.b.—The above table of species is by no means satisfactory to me as sufficiently distinguishing them, but in the present un- certain knowledge as to the limits of each, it is the best that I can offer. Stomoxys calcitrans, I,., 1761. Fauna Suec., Ed. ti, 467 (Conops). N.6.—For the numerous descriptions of this species under the specific name calcitrans, see the recent Catalogue of Palearctic Diptera, vol. iii, p. 611. A list of the various synonyms of calcitrans is appended. pungens, DeGeer, 1776, Ins., vi, 78 (Musca 1d.). tessellata, Bo T7045 Bat Sys iV, 395- 1d., 1805. ae Ant 32 81 1 As noted under the debe of this species, I cannot specifically distin- guish /imbata, Austen, from indica, Picard. IQI0. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 69 aculeata, Rob. Desv., 1830, Myod., 386. d diva, id., ta. 387. infesta, id., ibe 387. minuca, td., tae 387. pungens, va., 1d. 386. sugillatrix , Tas. id., 386. aurifactes , 1d. , 1863, Hist. Nat.d? Dipt.4u, 607; 9. chrysocephala, 1d., tae, 604. claripenms , td., id., 604, &. cunctans , id., td., OG75 oP flavescens , td., TC a 605, o. minuta , ad., Tas, 606, 2. precox, id., td., 608, @. vubrifrons , vd. ad., 606, o. vulnerans , 1d. d., 605. 725 aculeata , Mcq., 1835, Suites a Buff., 11, 242. pungens, dd., Las, 242. pungens, Mg., 1838, Sys. Besch., iv, 170. > libatrix, Rob. Desv., 1830, Myod., 387. (Redescription.) Head. o. Frons one-fourth width of head; grey, yellowish grey or slightly bluish grey. A very wide frontal stripe appearing from above almost velvet-black, thus leaving only very narrow eye- margins. Generally, this black stripe has a greyish V-shaped piece cut out of its upper end, which lighter space encloses the ocellar triangle, which latter is small, and touches the absolute vertex ; and bears, just above the lower ocellus, two pairs of bristles (the lower pair the larger). There are also 4 other pairs close together (all 6 pairs forming one double row) on the upper part of the triangle, the uppermost pair being on the extreme vertex. Seen from below, the black frontal stripe is invisible, the whole frons and face appearing white, or yellowish white. Fronto-orbital bristles, about 15, the upper part of the row not always placed uniformly. ‘wo pairs of vertical bristles as usual. Eyes black, absolutely bare. Antenne blackish, 3rd joint more or less vellowish grey, 2nd joint with several small bristles and 1 or 2 long ones ; arista with 8-9 bristles and minute pubescence on basal half above ; thickened at base, where it is often yellowish. Face white or yellowish white, covered with close, microscopic tomentum. Mouth opening similar, with the usual strong bristles on each side. Palpi small, reddish yellow, with a few short black bristles. Proboscis shining black, quite bare, tapering from base to tip. Back of head generally more or less bluish grey, with very short pubescence. In the ? the fronto-orbital bristles are less strong and less regular, generally rather less in number, and on the upper part of the frons there is a short extra row each side, placed nearer the eye margin, sometimes also with additional irregularly placed small bristles. In all other respects the 2 head is similar to that of the ~. 70 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, Thorax. Ground colour varying from yellowish grey to whitish grey. Seen from in front, a dorsal pair of moderately narrow, well separated stripes, which are normally mummy-brown, but vary sometimes to the extent of being nearly blackish. These stripes extend from the anterior margin nearly to the posterior one. On the outer side of each stripe is a similar stripe, distinctly interrupted at the suture, in front of which it becomes sometimes of a thickened cigar shape, placed diagonally, pointing to the humerus, sometimes it retains its direct direction forwards as a continuation of the portion behind the suture. It often also takes the form of an irregularly shaped spot. At the posterior ends of these dorsal stripes are two irregular black patches, immediately in front of the scutellum. Towards the side of the dorsum, just above the wing, is a concolorous brown streak, sometimes distinct enough to form a short third stripe. Viewed from behind, the dorsal space between the two median lines appears much lighter, varying from light grey to even quite whitish. Scutellum concolorous with thoracic dorsum, generally with an irregular mummy-brown triangle at base. Chetotaxy. Humeral bristles 3, post-humeral 1 (weak), presutural 1, noto- pleural 2, dorso-central with only the hindermost in each row really strong ; a distinctly less strong one in front of it, whilst the remainder are barely larger than the small bristles dispersed generally over the whole dorsum, but there is usually a single moderately strong one just in front of the suture. Two moderate sized inner dorso-central bristles. Of the side bristles, there are 4 placed above the wing more or less in the shape of a diamond, all of which I should be dis- posed to term supra-alar, or possibly 3 supra-alar and I postalar. The mesopleura bears a hinder row of about 12, diminishing in size from above downwards except that the strongest ones are generally the 2nd and 3rd, or the 3rd and 4th. Some long stiff hairs on front part of mesopleura. Sternopleura with a strong bristle on upper hind corner, a strong one on lower hind corner, in company with some shorter comparatively strong ones, but which are much longer than the very small bristles covering the whole sternopleura and, to a greater or less extent, the whole of the side of the thorax. Scutellum with a strong basal bristle each side, near margin, with a less strong preebasal one in front, and the usual apical pair which are very strong. Occasionally a pair of bristles correspond- ing to dorsal macrochete stand out a little stronger than the microchetze covering dorsum of thorax and scutellum, but in most specimens they are by no means obvious. Abdomen. Normally (and generally) yellowish grey ; some- times much more yellowish, at least on the dorsum ; sometimes approaching slate-grey, either wholly or towards the sides of the segments ; seen from behind at a low angle, sometimes quite whitish. The markings, although following a general plan, are very variable. In what may be regarded as the typical form, there are on both the 2nd and 3rd segments, a basal mark in the shape of a moderately wide short dorsal stripe, which reaches to about the middle of the 1gIo. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 71 segment, where it is sometimes cut off sharply and squarely, some- times drawn out to a distinct point, sometimes fading away indistinctly. There is a pair of more or less circular spots of moderate size placed on the posterior margins, each midway be- tween the middle line and the side border. On the 4th segment is a single, more or less triangular basal mark, sometimes small, or indistinct, or occasionally absent. All these marks are vandyke- brown in colour, occasionally approaching clove-brown. These prin- cipal markings can be seen most distinctly from above, or a little in front, often appearing blurred or almost invisible if viewed from behind. What I should call the secondary markings, are irregular, almost Sarcophaga-like reflections, often invisible when viewed from certain directions; of a pale greenish grey colour. They take the form of an irregular elongated spot each side, often connected by the colour extending along the posterior margin of the segment ; and a pair of comparatively large, more or less circular spots on the 4th segment, these latter spots being present in the majority of examples. The whole abdomen is shortly pubescent with short soft black hairs, which are little thicker on the shoulders, and a little longer and stronger on the posterior margins, and over the dorsum of the 4th segment. When it comes to describe varieties, the difficulties as to the limits of the species are very apparent. Practically I regard as probable varieties of this species, all fotms which partake of the above pattern or any reasonable variation of it, this variation being considered to be of very wide limits. The short dorsal stripes on segments 2 and 3 occasionally form an unbroken stripe, extending to the base of the 4th segment. In one form they are very short, and the usual circular spots become quite elongated and narrow ; whilst in another variety there is a pair of additional similar brown nearly circular spots in front of the main pair, and placed on the base of segments 2 and 3. ‘here is often a pair of very narrow spots on the Ist segment, sometimes united into a transverse narrow line. In some examples the ordi- nary brown circular spots on segments 2 and 3 are united by the col- our extending narrowly along the posterior margin; sometimes bordering the basal margin of these two segments also. In another variety, well marked in its more pronounced form, the dorsal stripe is expanded on both base and posterior margin, on which latter it is often considerably widened and joined to the two spots, thus somewhat approaching bengalensis, Picard. It must be remembered that the extreme base of each segment is shining black, but that this is only visible when the segments are abnormally drawn out, and that in a normal state, the black colour is covered by the posterior margin of the preceding segment. Belly generally concolorous, with short, somewhat sparse black pubescence, without conspicuous markings. Legs. Blackish, minutely pubescent ; femora, and sometimes tibia also, more or less with greyish reflections. Fore femora 72 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL EYs with a row of bristles above from middle to tip, diminishing in size, a row on outer side on basal half, replaced towards the tip by moderately soft, rather long hairs; a row of about 16 to 18 com- paratively strong bristles on under side, extending the whole length of the femur, and equalin size. Middle femora with some bristles, lying rather flat, on front side; two contiguous, moderately strong, slightly curved bristles above, near tip, and a row of bristly hairs on under side. Hind pair with a row of bristles on front side, a single curved bristle below near tip. Knees tawny, the colour ex- tending sometimes over the whole basal half of some of the tibie ; tips of tibie with 2 or 3 short spines. ‘Tarsi blackish, under side with a little gold-yellow pubescence, which is sometimes lightly present on inner side of anterior tibiz. Pulvilli dirty white. Wings. Practically clear, but in the o» sometimes slightly tinged with brown on basal and front parts; Ist posterior cell widely open, the 4th vein forming a well rounded loop at the bend upwards ; apical portion gently curved. Outer cross-vein normally with one gentle inward curve, variable, at times nearly straight, or nearly bisinuate. Tegule vellowish white. Described from a long series of specimens of both sexes in the Indian Museum collection and my own, and also from European specimens. It is practically one of the world-wide species that occurs wherever civilised man is found, and in at least the East it is apparently present all the year round in every locality. Actual dates would therefore be of little significance. It is in the Indian Museum collection from Gangtok (Sikhim), Sylhet, Kurseong (Darjiling), Mussoorie, Simla, Calcutta, Port Canning, Puri, Berham- pur, Bhogaon, Travancore State (S. India), Rajmahal (all India) ; Colombo, Rangoon, Kawkareik (Lower Burma), Mandalay, and from on board ship, at light, off Tuticorin. Personally I have met with it in many parts of the Punjab, Mussoorie, at Rangoon Singapore, Penang, and other places further East, and have it from Java, Ceylon and the Philippines. N.B.—The above lengthy description has appeared advisable from the variability of this very common species. Further varia- tions and combinations of the differences (mostly in the abdominal markings) above stated, occur in individual examples, and as the species has already been described under no less than 17 different names, I hesitate to regard as distinct any form which appears to fall within its possible range of variation; especially as I have seen no - distiict'- “variety,” “races = Horm)’ 7 or *\ subspecies! 7 peculiar to any special locality and illustrated by any number of consistently marked specimens. ‘* Stomoxys libatrix,’’ Rob. Des., 1830. Ess. Myod., 387. The author’s very short description runs as follows :— ' Very near inimica, R. D. (I.c., p. 387, from North America) : sides of the face a little more yellowish ; abdominal segments. y IQIo. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 73 especially the 4th, bear a small transverse line at their bases ; the emarginations are blacker ; tegule brownish ; wings a little clearer.’’ N.B.—Prof. Bezzi (‘‘ Mosche ematofaghe, Rend. Istit. lomb., 1907) says that, although admitted as distinct in Van der Wulp’s catalogue, it is probably only another synonym of calcitrans, L.., an opinion in which I cannot but concur, and, therefore, failing evi- dence to the contrary, I propose to sink the name as synonymous with calcitrans. Stomoxys plurinotata, Big., 1887. Bull. Zool. Soc. Fr., xii, 593. “Long. 54mm. Antennis nigris ; facie et fronte albescentibus, vitta frontali, bifida, nigra; palpis fulvis ; thorace albido cineras- cente, maculis quatuor latis, elongatis, fuscis, duplicatis, pleuris cinereis ; calyptris albis, halteribus pallide flavidis ; scutello ciner- ascente ; abdomine cinereo, segmentis I-3 superne univittatis, 2° et 3°, utrinque, in medio, punctis duobus fuscis, rotundatis, notatis, cum vitta mediana aliquoties junctis; pedibus nigris, tibiis parum fulvo tinctis; alis hyalinis. Ceylan 3 specimens.’’ I append atranslation of Bigot’s more extended French descrip- tion :— Antenne black, tip of znd segment pale; vertex greyish, frons and face dirty white, frontal stripe wide, bifid above ; palpi pale, proboscis black. Thorax grey, with 4 large oblong elongated spots, nearly. contiguous, blackish, each divided by a not very distinct greyish line. Scutellum greyish; sides of thorax grey ; sometimes the spots mentioned appear as 4 longitudinal stripes interrupted at the suture. Tegule white, halteres yellowish white. Abdomen grey, with a dorsal black band on segments I to 3, some- times terminating at the base of the 3rd ; the 2nd and 3rd having _ each two roundish blackish spots, which are often united to the median stripe ; sometimes the Ist and 2nd segments have 2 large irregular blackish spots: also the sides of the abdomen are generally marked with elongated spots of irregular shape and of the same shade ; legs black, base of tibize reddish, wing clear: sex ° N.B.—No one seems to have met with this species since its original description, yet J include it as distinct, although it may quite possibly be another variation of calcitrans. The type is in Bigot’s collection: he does not mention the width of the frons, but from his doubt as to the sex of his species I am inclined to regard it as probably distinct from calcitrans, of which presumably he would be quite conversant with the respective width of the frons in each sex. Stomoxys oblongopunctata, mihi, sp. nov. Assam. Long. 6 mm. Differs from calcitrans by the wholly reddish yellow antennee and arista, and the pair of elongo-triangulate brown spots on the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments, placed on the hind margins 74 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vorclve their bases on the sides of the segments, and their apices meeting the moderately broad concolorous dorsal stripe, which does not reach the posterior border of the 2nd segment. The extreme bases of these two segments are very narrowly brown, the 4th segment has a very indistinct trace of the commonly present blackish grey spots. Thoracic dorsum lightly yellowish grey, that of the abdo- men slightly bluish grey. Basal half of tibiee pale, in certain lights the whole of the middle pair appears pale. Frons $ width of head ; with face, whitish grey. Anterior ends of outer pair of thoracic stripes rather deeply black, enlarged into a spot of considerable size just above the shoulders. N.B.-—-This specimen is evidently quite distinct from calcitrans, yet Ican compare it for purpdéses of description with no other. It was sent to Mr. Austen, who returned it, marked, ‘‘ ? brunnipes Grunb. or sp. nov. closely allied.’’ It appears to me, however, that it can hardly be brunnipes, Griinb. (an African species, but which, of course, may quite easily occur in the Orient as well), as that species is said by its author to have a frons only § the width of the head, whereas in the present example the frons measures 1. From Grtitnberg’s description I should expect a considerably larger proportion of the tibize and tarsi to be brown than is the case in this specimen. I therefore venture to describe it as new. In the Indian Museum, from Sylhet, Assam, taken by Lt.-Col. Hall, 31-1-05. For purposes of comparison, in the event of my being in error as to its specific difference from brunnipes, I append a translation of both sexes of Grtinberg’s species. ; Originally described from German East Africa, only the ~ was mentioned, but immediately following this description was that of a supposed different species, sellata, this being now accepted as the 2 of brunntpes. Stomoxys brunnipes, Griinb., 1g06. Zool. Anzeig., xxx, 7, 89; @ (S. sellata, Grunb.), go. (Description of o@ - translation.) Black, with brownish yellow, partly greyer dusted. Frons in @ one-eighth width of head, with narrow velvet- black stripe ; sides of frons, and the cheeks, shining yellow grey dusted. Antenne black, with brownish yellow arista. Palpi brownish yellow. Thorax yellowish grey dusted, grey on shoulders and between the black stripeson fore border. The black stripes converge in front of the suture, but they are sometimes separated behind it, by the presence of narrow intermediate spaces. Abdomen brownish yellow dusted, the segments with broad blackish band on posterior borders. When viewed from behind, a black dorsal line can be distinctly seen, which is expanded on the fore borders of the segments. 1910. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 75 Coxe, trochanters and femora black, extreme femora tips, tibize and tarsi brown; wings with a little blackish tinge; tegule also ; halteres yellow. Long. 6-7 mm. Only the ~. ‘The Camaroons, German East Africa. (Description of 2 - translation.) Frons in 2 not quite one-third width of head, with broad, deep velvet-black stripe, and broad (one-half of the width of the middle stripe), whitish grey, slightly glistening side borders. Under side of head also whitish grey, slightly glistening, Ist and 2nd joints of antenne black, 3rd dark brown, grey dusted, arista and palpi pale brown. Thorax above grey, with broad black stripes on each side, nearly confluent and nearly reaching the scutellum. Thorax black above, with a broad grey middle stripe: shoulders lightly slate-grey ; pleuree a little less grey ; scutellum black, with greyish brown shimmer, distinctly dusted at the tip. Abdomen black, rather shining, dark brown dusted on upper side and shimmering grey at the sides. Viewed from behind, elongated brown side spots become visible on the 2nd and 3rd seg- ments, reaching from the fore border to the middle of each segment ; last segment dark greyish brown dusted, unmarked. Coxee, trochanters and femora black ; extreme tips of latter, also the tibiz and tarsi, brown. Wings nearly clear, with slight brownish tinge, tegulae white; halteres yellowish white. Long. 74mm. Camaroons, German East Africa. Only the @. Stomoxys sitiens, Rond., 1873. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Genova, iv, 288, ° . This species, of which apparently the ¢ is still unknown, has not been definitely recorded from the East, but specimens in the Indian Museum collection, sent to Mr. Austen for examination being returned as possibly sztiens, causes me to include a descrip- tion of the species in this paper and to add some comments. Ron- dani’s original description is as follows :— ‘““Long.5mm., 7. Similis calcitranti europe, sed minor, et distincta praesertim: Facie et orbitis albissimis, non sub-luteis, et oculis in fronte sat proximis, orbitis mediocribus vitta nigra angusta sejunctis, et sic oculorum distantia triplo circiter minor latitudine singuli oculi, non ut in mare calcitrantis trons lata fusca, et parum angustior singulo oculo. Praeterea in sztvente, abdominis grisei segmenta tria basi paulo canescentia praesertim ad latera ; caetera ut in sp. europea. Keren (Abyssinia).”’ (Tvanslation.) Near S. calcitrans of Europe, but smaller, and differing as follows: Face and eye margins extremely white, not yellowish, 76 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou Slys and the eyes in front considerably approximate, the moderately wide eye margins separated by a narrow black stripe, and thus the distance between the eyes less by about a third than the breadth of a single eye, not as in the @ of calcitrans, frons broad, fuscous, and hardly narrower than a single eye. Moreover, in siztiens the pubescence of the three basal grey abdominal segments is greyer, especially towards the sides ; the rest as in calcitrans. The four specimens in the Indian Museum collection tentatively regarded by Mr. Austen as possibly szttens were collected by me at Calcutta, 18-ii-05, Penang, 8-viii-o6, and Rangoon, 23-xii-04 to 3-1-05, but they are all, unfortunately, in poor condition, and exact identification is, perhaps, impossible. Other specimens in my own collection taken by me in the same localities are in no better state of preservation. Now, Bezzi states (“‘ Mosche ematofaghe,’’ Rend. Istit. lomb., 1907, p. 14) that he has seen a considerable number of specimens of satvens from Eritrea and notes that the principal difference from calcitvans is its narrower frons ; adding that he believes Rondani was in error in stating the frons to be splendid shining white, as he finds it has an even greater tendency to yellow than in cal- cutrans. Secondly, he, in his table of species, divides brunnipes, Griinb. , from sztiens, Rond., by the former having ‘‘ at least the four anterior tibiae all pale on the outside,’’ whilst of sitiens he says ‘‘ tibia at the base narrowly pale,’’ calcitrans also, be it noted, falling in the same subdivision in his table. The four Museum specimens being all ¢ @ the test of the width of the frons does not apply. The frons is certainly more whitish than in average calcitrans, but not more so than in occasional specimens of it. The specimens are in too bad condition for accurate description, but it may be noted that the abdo- minal spots are more elongate than in normal calcitrans ; a dorsal stripe is present on the 2nd segment, extending over part of the 3rd ; all the tibiz are dull reddish brown (much brighter in one example) ; the 2nd joint of the antenne is more or less reddish. A second specimen in the Indian Museum from Calcutta, I4-iv- 08, agrees with sitzens with the exception of all the tibiz being red- dish brown, the middle pair lighter still, almost yellowish. The frons is glistening shining white, one-seventh in width, and the abdominal spots similar to calcitrans. Rondani mentions that the pubescence of the abdomen is grey toward the sides, but in the present specimen it is uniformly black. It is possible it may be an Oriental form of the African species, but personally I have found that the wholly brownish tibie, when present as a character, are always consistently so. Likewise, in calcitrans and those species which have only the base of the tibize pale, the colour rarely, if ever, extends over more than the middle of the limb. That sitiens is a good species, distinct from calcitrans by the narrow frons, with the shining white frons as a secondary character, seems clear, but I doubt if any specimen of it has come before me. TgI0.] E. BRUNETTI: Blood-sucking Muscide. 77 Stomoxys triangularis, mihi, sp. nov. @. South India. Long. 44 mm. Head. Frons 1, dark grey; face and antenne blackish grey ; 5) proboscis rather long ; palpi pale. Thorax. Rather deep yellowish grey. The four deep black stripes narrow and separate on anterior margin, but united soon afterwards into two broad stripes, which are continued thus to posterior margin of dorsum. A black lateral stripe in front of wing. Sides of thorax greyish anteriorly, blackish grey behind. Scu- tellum very dark grey. Chetotaxy apparently normal. Abdomen blackish grey. Ist segment with posterior border somewhat darkened, 2nd with a small triangular basal spot and two large triangular spots occupying nearly all the segment, their bases almost meeting in middle of segment, their apices directed towards the posterior corners, 3rd segment with two similar irregu- larly triangular spots placed more obliquely ; 4th segment with two sub-triangular spots, their apices pointing hindwards. Belly black. Legs black ; knees and tibize narrowly at base reddish yellow. Wings and tegule pale brown, slightly deeper on anterior half. Described from 2 7 @ in the Indian Museum collection taken by Dr. Annandale in the Travancore State, South India (Madda- thorai, 17-xi-08, type, and Pallode, 16-xi-08). N.B.—An obviously distinct and quite dark species, compared with all others I know from the East. The abdominal markings are distinct (when viewed from the side) in one of the specimens, but the abdomen of the other is best described as blackish grey with irregular blackish patches, though it is certainly of the same species. Stomoxys indica, Picard, 1908. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 20. ? S. limbata, Aust. A translation of Picard’s description is appended :— Long. 44-5 mm. o. Interocular space very straight, equal to one-eighth the width of the head. Frons and face with more golden pubescence than in the @. [ines on thorax darker. Wings, tegule and halteres strongly smoky. lLegs testaceous, more brownish than in 9. @. Interocular space equals one-third width of head. Frons and face with silvery grey pubescence. Antenne black, 3rd joint white dusted ; arista testaceous, black at tip. Palpi testaceous, not reaching margin of epistome. Thorax grey ‘‘ ternate "’ with two moderately wide rather dark brown stripes on each side of middle, the outer pair interrupted at the suture. Scutellum wholly grey ; wings clear; veins light brown ; tegule transparent ; halteres white. Legs testaceous; coxe black, femora brownish, anterior ones lighter on inner side, darker on outer side. Abdomen 78 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vorseive grey, slightly bluer than rest of body; the first 3 segments furnished with a straight black dorsal line and a wide black band on posterior margins, that on the 2nd segment covering a larger space than the grey part. N.B.—Previous to reading Mr. Austen’s description of his new species limbata, or seeing specimens of it determined by him, I had identified a number of examples of both sexes in both the Indian Museum and my own collection, as certainly imdica, Picard. On the Museum receiving back from Mr. Austen 2 7 @ and I 2? sent to that dipterologist some time previously, I found that he had referred them to his imbata. Apart from minor details, the only serious discrepancy in the descriptions of the two species appears to be in the width of the frons (which, however, I regard as one of the most valuable charac- ters) ; this being quoted by Picard as one-eighth the width of the head in the @ and by Austen as one-fourth to one-fifth. Now, although the width at the vertex is undoubtedly wider, the width across the frons about midway between the vertex and the base of the antenne is between + and 4 in the 2 7 wof the Museum collection determined by Mr. Austen as paratypes of his limbata; and in the @. All the ~ o I have seen have the frons from 1 to } in width (and, incidentally, ‘‘ slightly constricted in the middle,’’ as Austen says of limbata, although Picard mentions the frons of his species as being ‘“ very straight ’’). I therefore feel constrained to regard all these specimens ex- amined by me as Picard’s imdica, and Mr. Austen’s limbata as a probable synonym of it. A noteworthy feature of similarity is that both authors mention the extra width of the marginal black band on the 2nd segment, and a final coincidence is that both authors describe their species from the same three localities, India, Ceylon and Assam. S. mdica occurs in the- Indian Museum collection from Calcutta, 18-vi-08 [Annandale] ; Rajmahal, Bengal, 7-vii-o9 [A nnan- dale|; Bhogaon, N. Bengal, 3-x-og [Paiva]; Allahabad, I5-viii-09 [Lord]; Maddathorai, Travancore State, 16-xi-o8 [Ammnandale] ; Victoria Gardens, Colombo, 26-iv-08 [Paiva] ; Rangoon, 24—26-ii-08 [Annandale]; Singapore, 1I-viii-o6 [Brunetti]. In my collection I have it from Calcutta, 24-vii and 14-viii-o4, and from Rangoon, 18-viii-o6, taken by myself. Cole Stomoxys limbata, Aust., 1900. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), iii, 292. 7 2. India, Ceylon, Assam. ~”. ‘‘ Smoke-grey: face and sides of front bright yellowish- silvery, front narrow; dorsum of thorax with usual clove-brown longitudinal stripes, admedian stripes narrow and wide apart ; dorsum of abdomen with deep clove-brown or blackish transverse band on hind border of each of first three segments ; wings with a IgI0. | E. BRuNETII: blood-sucking Muscide. 79 brownish tinge ; femora dark clove-brown, their extreme tips and base of hind tibiz ochraceous-buff, front and middle tibiae and tarsi mummy-brown, hind tarsi and hind tibiz except base sepia- coloured.’’ @. ‘* Apart from usual sexual differences, agreeing essentially with @ , except that dark markings on dorsum of thorax and abdo- men are paler (olive-brown instead of clove-brown or blackish), that the wings although brownish are less noticeably infuscated, that the squamee are paler (whitish or yellowish white), and that the front and middle tibie are also brighter in hue.’’ Type in British Museum from Sylhet, r1-ii-o5 [Lt.-Col. Hall|; also a specimen from Peradeniya, Ceylon, 22-v-92 [ Yerbury]. ‘* S. imbata is closely allied to S. nigra, Mcq., but is distinguished by the front in the ~ being somewhat narrower, with the frontal stripe slightly constricted in the middle, instead of having its sides parallel ; and in the @ by the front and middle tibiz being mainly ochraceous instead of for the most part clove-brown or blackish.’’ The length of this species is from a little under 5 mm. to 54 mm. ; width of head 7 16 to 2 mm., 2? 1'8to2mm.; width d of front at vertex 7 ,0'4mm., 2 just over 0°5 mm. N.6b.—Specimens seen by Mr. Austen and identified by him as his /imbata are in the Indian Museum collection from Port Canning, Lower Bengal, 21-vii-o7 [Annandale]; Calcutta, 20-viii-o7; and Sylhet, 31-i-05 [Lit-Col. Hall]; Mr. Austen. also refers to this species a ¢ from Peradeniya, Ceylon, 22-v-g2 [Lt.-Col. Yerbury}. N.B.—As noted under S. zndica, Pic., I am strongly inclined to regard /imbata as synonymous with that species. Stomoxys bengalensis, Pic. (Translation.) @. Interocular space one-fifth width of head. Frons and face with whitish pubescence, lightly gilded. Antenne black, arista testaceous, tip black ; palpi pale yellow. Thorax grey, with two parallel black stripes on each side of a very indistinct median line. Scutellum rather dark grey. Wings a little smoky, veins blackish brown ; tegule and halteres dark brown. Legs black, base of tibiz pale brown. Abdomen light slaty brown, with black dorsal line on first three segments ; each segment with a narrow basal transverse band, and a wide one on posterior margin, especially that on the 2nd segment ; 4th segment wholly grey (in fresh specimens), long. 7} mm. ? unknown. Sent by Col. Raymond from Calcutta. N.B.—S. bengalensis should, by the description, be a good species, and I had noted three @ in the Indian Museum collection (from Calcutta) as being probably this species. They were, however, returned after examination by Mr. Austen as calcitrans, and closer study both of them and subsequently acquired specimens lead me to suppose they fall within the range of the commoner species. 80 Records of the Indian Museum. [ VoL." EV, If so, however, the approximation to the description of bengalensis is considerable, as the abdominal spots are sometimes spread out, so as to form a sort of band on the posterior margin, and there are in some examples a narrow dark band at the base of at least the 2nd and 3rd segments. Stomoxys pusilla, Aust., 1909. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), iii, 293. @. India. Long. 4:2 to 4°5 mm.; width of front at vertex o'4 mm. ‘“ Dorsum of thorax mouse-grey or yellowish grey, with usual clove-brown longitudinal stripes ; dorsum of abdomen olive-grey, first segment, except a small ill-defined area in centre (not reaching hind margin), second segment, either entirely or with exception of extreme front margin, and a median longitudinal stripe and fairly deep posterior transverse band on third segment, clove-brown ; sides of front and sides of face, when viewed from above, light maize- yellow ; wings brownish; femora clove-brown, front and middle tibie and tarsi and extreme tips of front and middle femora buff, hind tibiz and tarsi light mummy-brown, base of tibize paler.’’ Type in British Museum, Allahabad, x-05 [Howlett]. ““S. pusilla differs from S. limbata in its smaller size, in the yellower colour of the sides of the front and face, in the dorsum of the second abdominal segment being entirely clove-brown or practi- cally so, instead of having a clove-brown posterior transverse band and median longitudinal stripe, and in the pale tibize and tarsi of the front and middle legs.’’ N.B.—This species and the next I have never seen. The present one must approximate very closely to indica, Pic.; pulla is, of course, well defined by its fore tarsus. Stomoxys pulla, Aust., 1g09. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), ili, 204. @. India. Long. 4:2 to 4.4 mm. ‘“ Very dark species ; when viewed from above, body appearing almost uniformly clove-brown, extreme front margin of thorax mouse-grey, with commencement of usual clove-brown longitudinal stripes ; when abdomen is viewed from behind, at a very low angle, terminal segment appears olive-grey, while second and third segments may appear more or less mouse-grey, with clove-brown transverse blotches, and perhaps a trace of a narrow median longitudinal stripe ; front narrow, occupied for most part by frontal stripe, sides of front not noticeable except anteriorly ; wings brownish ; legs clove-brown, tibiae ochraceous-buff at extreme base, first joint of front tarsus fringed on inside with a row of hairs of equal length, claws black.’’ IgIo.| E. BRuNETI1: Blood-sucking Muscide. SI Type in British Museum, from Mussoorie, N. W. India, x-06 | Howlett). ‘“ This is a very distinct species, which, while resembling the foregoing (pusilla) in size, is at once distinguishable by the dusky coloration of the body and legs, by the sides of the front being scarcely visible except anteriorly, and by the remarkable row of hairs on the inside of the first joint of the front tarsus. Owing to the latter character S. fulla o~ presents some slight ap- proximation to the ~ of the African S. omega, Neust., in which, however, the row of hairs on the inside of the front tarsus extends to the end of the second joint, while the hairs themselves are much longer and conspicuously curled.’’ Stomoxys, sp. A single ~ in the Indian Museum, apparently immature, certainly belongs toa distinct species from all others given in this paper. It has a frons which narrows rapidly from the vertex (where it is about } the width of the head) downwards, being only between 4 and + at a short distance above the antennz, where it widens as usual. ‘The outer side of the middle tibize are wholly moderately light brown, and the abdomen is apparently unmarked, but being in a somewhat crumpled state it is impossible to describe it more precisely. In other respects it resembles a slightly under- sized calcitrans. From Calcutta, 18-vii-07. Stomoxys dacnusa, Speis., 1908. Zool. Anz., xxxiii, 666. ‘“ Orichalceo griseo, vittis duabus brunneoviolaceis, pedibus luteis, coxis atque femoribus preter ultimam tertiam partem brunneo piceis, alis basi et nervatura validiora luteis squamis lutes- centibus. Annam.’’ 2. Long. corp. 5°5 mm. ; alarum 5°5 mm. Further notes from his more lengthy description in German may be added as follows :— Yellowish grey, with a brassy tinge. From the anterior border of the thoracic dorsum, a moderately broad brownish black, with a violet tinge, stripe towards each side. Unfortunately the hinder part of the thorax, the pleure, chest, and first segments of the abdomen cannot be correctly described, owing to the blood which has exuded over them. ‘Tip of scutellum and of abdomen uniformly grey. Legs pale brownish yellow ; only the coxee, and basal two-thirds of the femora, blackish brown or nearly black. Head blackish brown, only the base of the antennz paler, yellowish brown, the antennz, with the arista, tawny brown. Frons, almost exactly one-third width of head at vertex, widening in front. Chetotaxy normal. Palpi very little spindle- 82 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor.-1v shaped at tip, tawny. Fore femora with the brown colour nearly reaching the tip, under side with a row of longer bristles, in addition to the normal hairs. Middle femora above, towards the tips, with some small ones, hind femora with rather larger, distinct bristles, below with some preapical ones. Hind tibize with two bristles near the middle. Hind metatarsus with some stronger bristles below. Wing as in calcitvans; Ist longitudinal vein (subcosta) ends exactly above the small cross-vein ; 2nd (radius) rather nearer the wing tip than in calcitvans. N.B.—Being described from a single damaged specimen, the specific identity of this species must be admitted with caution; I therefore place it Jast of all. Description of STYGEROMYIA, Aust., 1907 (non-Oriental). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xix, 445. ‘“In some respects intermediate between Stomoxys, Geoft., Hematobia, Rob. Desv., and Lyperosia, Rond. (sensu Bezzi). In general appearance and form of body similar to Stomoxvs, but in shape of proboscis and palpi resembling H@matobia, though with arista feathered only on upper side, as in Stomoxys and Lyperosia. Head somewhat flattened from front to rear, with basi-occipital region only slightly swollen; proboscis short, stout and shining, of uniform thickness throughout, not tapering to the tip, chitin- ous, but terminated by a pair of small fleshy labella ; palpi equal to proboscis in length, large, clavate towards the tips, curving up- wards, and with stout bristles on the outer side at the distal extremity. ‘“* Bristles of thorax : Humeral 3 ; post-humeral 1 ; notopleural 2; presutural 1; supra-alar 1; intra-alar 1; post-alar 2; dorso- central 6 (1 in front of and 5 behind the suture) ; inner dorso-cen- tral 1; scutellar 4 (1 preebasal, 1 basal, 1 discal, I apical); meso- pleural 9 or 10, wider apart than in Stomoxys or Hamatobia ; sterno- pleural 1 (posterior, as in Stomoxys, instead of 1: I, as in Hema- tobia). “Wings with 1st posterior cell narrowly open at the tip, the width of the opening being precisely that seen in the same cell in the wing of Musca corvina, Fab., and less than half of that exhibited by the ist posterior cell in the case of Stomoxys calcitrans, 1. : apical portion of 4th vein beyond the bend Perfectly straight, not bent in- wards at the extremity, as in Sfomoxys and Hematobia. Typical species, Stygeromyia maculosa, sp. nov.” N.B.—This is not an Oriental genus, being described from Africa, but since, owing to the traffic in cattle between one con- tinent and another, it may easily be imported, I have thought it best to include at least the generic description to facilitate identi- fication should it occur in the East. 1910. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscidae. 83 LY PEROSIA, Rond., 1862. Dipt. Hal. Prod., v, 230. Loc sctt: | 1; 93 (nom? in tabs): In splitting off this genus from Hematobia, R. Des., Rondani in a table of genera gave the following diagnosis of it: ‘‘ Arista hairy only on upper side, the hairs wavy; 2nd longitudinal vein reaching the costal opposite the small cross-vein.’’ In this genus Rondani placed two species, ‘‘ ivritans, I,.,’’ and ‘‘ serrata, R. D.”; Prof. Bezzi very kindly supplied me with notes on this genus from Rondani’s work, and informs me that that author was mistaken in his identification of ivvitans, I,., having another species before him at the time, and for this species my correspondent proposes the name of titillans (Rend. Istit. lomb. (2), xl, 24). Moreover, Rondani’s “* serrata, R. D.’’ was the true zvritans, L,. LY PEROSIA, Rond. (Revised description.) Body more elongate than in Stomoxys ; abdomen about twice as long as broad. Eyes bare, approximate in @ , frons in @ about 2 width of head. Antennze according to Rondani inserted at the middle of the eyes, with the 3rd joint a little longer than the 2nd, but I should describe them as inserted very slightly lower on the face than in Stomoxys. Antennee plumose on upper side only, the hairs undulating. Proboscis as in Stomoxys ; palpi comparatively stout and broad, as long as proboscis, less bristly than in Hematobia. Apical part of 4th longitudinal vein curved rather less than in Stomoxys and Hematobia, the whole vein being considerably straighter, and without the definite ‘‘ elbow’’ so usual in the higher Muscine; 3rd longitudinal vein bare at base ; Ist posterior cell comparatively broadly open; sternopleural bristles yellow. Table of species. Hind tarsi not dilated. Abdomen without a dorsal stripe .. muinuta, Bezzi, 7 2. Abdomen with a dorsal stripe (some- times indistinct). Hair on body brown .. exigua, Meij., 2. Hair on body yellow .. flavolurta, sp. nov., 2. Hind tarsi dilated. Hair on body brown its .. exigua, Meij.,o. Hair on body yellow om .. flavolurta, sp. nov., o. 84 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoE. EVs Lyperosia minuta, Bezzi, 1892. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova (2), xiii, 192. ¢ @. India, Ceylon (originally described from Somaliland). ‘‘Cinerea, lutescenti-pilosa, pedibus luteis; antennarum articulo secundo rufescente ; oculis etiam in mare a fronte latius cula sejunctis. Long. mm. 7 1'8—2°3, 2 3—3'8 Obbia.’’ (Redescription.) Head. o&. Eyessub-contiguous ; the frons for a short distance being extremely narrow, the actual width varying slightly in different specimens. Vertical triangle only moderately wider ; the frons below its narrowest part, rapidly widening. Normal colour of frons dark grey or blackish grey in the middle and lighter grey along the edges of the eyes, which latter are without any dis- tinct eye margin. For a considerable space above the base of the antenne the frons is occasionally quite reddish or reddish brown. Lower part of the head, including oral cavity, yellowish grey, varying lighter or darker according to the individual. Ocellar triangle (isosceles) distinctly raised above the surface, concolorous, ocelli distinct. Antenne grey, sometimes with a slight reddish brown tint, microscopically pubescent ; 2nd joint sometimes much brighter, always with a short distinct bristle ; 3rd joint more or less grey dusted. Arista black considerably thickened at the base, where it is normally black also. The arista bears normally at least 6 long equidistant, bisinuate hairs ; with often an additional one placed just before the first, and also a very small one near the tip. There are invariably several very minute bristles at the base. Palpi elongate, black or very dark blackish brown, gradually thickened towards tip, with short stiff hairs ; practically as long as the proboscis, which is dark brownish yellow, shining. Back of head moderately dark grey, with microscopic hairs. Chetotaxy. Seven fronto-orbital bristles; mostly curved, and often pointing in different directions. Vertical triangle with 2 stronger longer bristles in front, crossing one another, and 2 smaller ones behind, which also cross each other, with 2 other similar ones practically on the vertical margin of the head, with I pair each side of these, of true vertical bristles. @. Frons at vertex, one-fourth width of head, widening only slightly, as at the level of the antenne it is only one-third the entire width. Fronto-orbital bristles normally arranged in two rows, an upper row of four, placed closer to the margins of the eyes, the bristles directed forwards or slightly to either side ; and a lower row (these would be the lower fronto-orbital bristles of Osten Sacken), of either three or four, which is placed nearer the middle of the frons, and in which the bristles always curve inwards. The rows sometimes almost form one linear row, or occasionally overlap, and sometimes the upper row consists of three bristles only ; in some individuals 1910. | E. Brunetti: blood-sucking Muscide. 85 the number of bristles on one side of the face is different to that on the other side, in fact this occurrence is not uncommon. Thorax. Variable, within certain limits. Dorsum rather dark acuous grey, with a more or less distinct but nearly always obvious, broad light grey stripe beginning in the middle of the anterior border and fading away at or before the transverse suture. Humeral calli light grey ; the transverse suture, and more or less of the scutellar dorsum, also. In other examples, the dorsum is best described as being yellowish grey, with two broad, well-separa- ted, well-defined stripes from the anterior border nearly to the scutellum ; with sometimes an additional narrow intermediate stripe behind the suture. The sides of the thorax are lighter, ash-grey or yellowish grey. Metanotum dark blackish grey, practically bare. Chetotaxy. The principal bristles are nearly always uniform in perfect specimens, but are very easily broken off. They are often smaller than their normal size, and in that case sometimes are not conspicuously larger than the small bristly hairs with which the thorax is covered. Allthe bristles are brownish yellow and generally reclinate. Humeral bristles 2; post-humeral I; presutural Ir ; notopleural 2; supra-alar 1; intra-alar 1; post-alar 1. A_ pair of inner dorso-central bristles, and a row on each side of compara- tively small but distinct dorso-central bristles, the hindermost being as usual the largest ; whilst outside this row is a second row of microscopic ones which only extends from the transverse suture to the posterior border. The normal row of dorso-central bristles is continued to the anterior border. Along the median line of the thoracic dorsum are numerous microscopic bristly hairs, of which those in front of the suture are arranged more or less in four rows, while those behind it are more irregularly placed. On the scutellum there are two basal bristles, placed near the edge, a post-median row of four, of which the inner ones are less strong ; and two strong long apical ones. Over the whole of the thoracic dorsum and the scutellum are microscopic bristly hairs, which are more or less irregularly placed. On each side of the thorax there is a row of 6 (occasionally 7, or even 8) on the hinder side of the mesopleura, and 3 very distinct sternopleural ones, placed 1: 2. Smaller bristly hairs occur irregu- larly, being much more numerous in some specimens than in others. Abdomen. Rather dark grey (in some examples much lighter) ; with short, brownish yellow hairs, curved backwards ; and a row of long bristly curved hairs towards the posterior border of each segment. Belly dark grey, sometimes reddish (probably in the case of specimens captured soon after having sucked blood) ; the dorsal bristly hairs continued over the sides to a considerable extent. Genital organs in the ~ apparently consisting of a telescopic arrangement of three pieces, brown, with blackish marks and some hairs; the tip hairy. Ovipositor in the @ conically elongated, concolorous, protruded, pubescent. 86 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor nbs Legs. Coxe, rather bluish grey dusted, reddish yellow towards tips, with a row of 5 or 6 bristles. Femora rather brownish or blue-grey dusted, reddish yellow at base and tip; with rows of short bristly hairs. Fore femora generally curved, and with a row of comparatively long bristles on outer and inner sides, the latter row being the longer ; the rest of the fore femora being clothed in rows of bristly hairs. Middle femora with rows of very short bristles, and some longer ones near the base on under side, and two on upper side near tip. Hind femora, sometimes somewhat curved, with rows of small bristles and a row of long comparatively weak ones on under side, and a strong one on outer side near tip. All the bristles on the legs brownish yellow. Tibiz brownish yellow or yellowish, closely pubescent, with very short stiff hairs. Tarsi yellowish, blackish towards tips, micro- scopically pubescent. Pulvilli greyish white. Wings. Practically clear, iridescent in certain lights ; micro- scopic bristles along costa to beyond end of 2nd longitudinal vein ; very soft hairs on remainder of wing border. Inner cross-vein ex- actly opposite end of 1st longitudinal and placed above centre of discal cell. Third and 4th veins converge normally towards tips. Halteres and tegule yellowish grey. Described from about 12 specimens of each sex in the Indian Museum, mostly from the Victoria Gardens, Colombo, taken by Mr. Paiva, 26-iv-08. Other specimens are from Chittagong, 27-v11-08, 8-ix-o8 [Lt.-Col. Hall|; Mandalay, 12-11-08 [Annandale]; Sukna (500 ft.), 3-vii-o8 [Annandale], where it was abundant on cattle ; Calcutta, 6—3I-vili-09. N.B.—Dr. Annandale noticed that the fly rests with its wings folded together, as contrasted with exigua, which when at rest, extends its wings horizontally. Lyperosia exigua, Meijere. (Tvanslation.) Hematobia exigua, Meij., in P. Schat, “‘ Verdere Mededeelingen over Surra,’’ Mededeel. Proefstation Oost-Java, 3e. Ser., No. 44 (1903). Hematobia exigua, Meij., Bijd. tot se Dierk. Natura Artis Magistra, xvili, p. 104 (1904). Front in @ very narrow, with very narrow white eye margins, between which a narrow black line is present. Frontal triangle black. In the @ the white eye margins separated by a black frontal stripe of uniform width. Under side of head white. An- tennee brownish yellow, especially the somewhat thickened 2nd joint, which is thereby conspicuous ; the 3rd joint darkened at tip. All the joints with whitish shimmer. Palpi as long as the pro- boscis, brownish yellow. Proboscis brownish yellow, darker above. Thorax dark grey, whitish dusted, in front with two narrow blackish longitudinal stripes. The sides of the dorsum, viewed sideways, broadly brownish tinged. Sides of thorax, humeral calli, 1910. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 87 transverse suture and a cross-band on the scutellum, whitish shimmered in certain lights. Abdomen dark grey, with a blacker (ending at the tip of the 3rd segment) dorsal stripe, which is only wholly visible when viewed from certain directions. Sometimes it appears in the form of darker spots. Legs brownish yellow, on the outer side more or less darkened ; sometimes the hind pair, with the exception of the outer basal part of the femora and tibiz, quite dark ; in the fore legs, with the femora, nearly to the tips; the middle third of the tibize and the tarsi tips, sometimes darker. Veins as in izvritans, I,., the small cross-vein straight, placed beyond the tip of the 1st longitudinal vein. Halteres and tegule whitish. Length of body 4 mm.; wing length 4 mm. According to Herr Schat, this species, together with Stomoxys calcitrans, I,., may be capable of transmitting disease. (Redescription.) Head. Frons in ~, 1 to % width of head; in 9 between i and +. Ground colour almost wholly ash-grey, except the black frontal stripe, which is very narrow, yet quite distinct, in the o, and forms in the 2 one-fourth of the width between the eyes at the level of the ocellar triangle, gradually widening to one-third at the level of the base of the antenne. The frons has inthe ~ a row, normally of nine, distinct, well- developed brownish vellow or yellow bristles, arranged practically in a single row, mostly curved inwards towards those of the op- posite row, especially the lower ones. In the ¢@ they are more irregularly placed, forming normally an upper frontal row of 3 or 4, situated rather nearer the eyes, and pointing outwards or forwards ; and a lower row (the lower fronto- orbital bristles of Osten Sacken) of 4, 5 or 6, situated nearer to the frontal stripe, also placed rather closer together, and always curved inwards. ‘These two rows, the upper and the lower one, are not always placed in the same relation to each other. Those in the upper row are more liable to be placed out of line, the lowermost bristle being often on a level with, or even below, the uppermost bristle of the lower row. All the bristles are always brownish yellow or yellow. Antenne yellow, 3rd joint very slightly white dusted ; arista often distinctly yellow at extreme base. Palpi yellow, with a few haits. Proboscis dark brownish or brownish yellow. — Bristles of cheeks yellowish, or whitish yellow; lower part of head with some pale hairs ; back of head with numerous very short bristly hairs. Thorax. Dorsum normally moderately dark grey ; often with either a bluish, brownish or sub-aénous tinge; sometimes almost ash grey, especially in the median portion. ‘There is generally a fairly distinct pair of narrow well-separated fuscous stripes, a 88 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vors LV: sub-triangular brownish spot towards each side in front of the suture, and a similar but larger and longer spot behind the suture each side. The macrocheetze of the thorax are practically the same as in minuta, but the very small bristles covering nearly the whole surface are relatively larger than in the previous species. ‘The large bristles are brownish yellow, the smaller ones blackish. Sides of thorax ash- grey or with a bluish tinge, mesopleura with a row of long yellow bristles on hinder side, as in minuta, and smaller ones in front ; sternopleura with numerous bristly hairs, and a row of curved yellow long hairs below humeral! calli. Scutellum concolorous with thorax, macrochete as in minuta, but the smaller bristly hairs more numerous and much stronger. Metanotum blackish grey, bare. Abdomen. Rather dark grey, lighter at base, where a distinct blackish dorsal narrow stripe extends over the Ist segment to some portion of the 2nd. The whole surface of the abdomen is covered with short hairs, and there is a row of well-separated long curved ones towards the posterior border of each segment, and a fan-shaped bunch of yellow ones towards each side of the Ist segment ; all the other hairs and bristles on the abdomen being distinctly brownish or brownish yellow. Belly concolorous, pubescent. Legs. Mainly yellow, coxze bluish ash-grey or yellowish grey, -femora except base and tip often more or less lightly violet-grey tinted, sometimes almost wholly yellow. All the femora bear rows of rather long soft yellow hairs, the fore pair have a row of longer bristly hairs on upper side and a row of still longer ones on under side ; middle pair with two stronger bristles on upper side, near tip; hind pair with three stronger ones below, near tip. Tibize, which are sometimes a little brownish, closely pubescent, with comparatively short bristly, yellow hairs, a long bristle in front at tip of fore pair, some short stiff bristles at tip of middle pair, and a long bristle on hinder side near tip of hind pair which are darker than the others. Tarsi mainly blackish, bristly, pubescent ; meta- tarsus and bases and tips of the remaining joints more or less yellowish. Second and 3rd tarsal joints (ino ) distinctly dilated at tip, each with 3 or 4 long curved hairs on under side, and generally all the joints with one straight hair and one longer curved one on the upper side at the tip. Pulvilli whitish, grey fringed claws black. Wings. Asin minuta. Described from a good series of both sexes taken in the slaughter- house in Calcutta, 6—3I-vili-og. Also from several of each sex from Travancore State, South India, captured by Dr. Annandale as follows: Nedumangad 14-xi-08 ; Quilon 10-xi-o8 ; Maddathorai 17-x1-08 ; Pallode 15-xi-o08, nearly all on cattle and buffaloes. Also from specimens from Sukna (500 ft.}, 3-vili-o8 [Annandale]; Chitta- gong (E. Bengal), 2-viii-o8 and 3-ix-08 [Lt.-Col. Hall]. Allthe above specimens are in the Indian Museum collection. Two? ¢? inthe Pusa collection were taken at Bombay on cattle, 29-v and 16-x-05, and I have a considerable number of both sexes in my own collection from Calcutta and West Java. IQIO. } E. BRUNETTI: Blood-sucking Muscide. 89 N.B.—Dr. Annandale has noticed that this species when at rest, sits with its wings spread out horizontally. Lyperosia flavohirta, mihi, sp. nov. @” @. Lower Burma. Long. 23-3 mm. This species is very near exigua, the differences all being minor ones, vet I believe, by taking them in the aggregate, a specific separation for this form is warranted. 1. The lighter coloured parts of the head and thorax are more whitish than in exigua. 2. The small bristly hairs covering the thorax, scutellum and abdomen are distinctly more yellow than brownish yellow. 3. The dorsal stripe on the abdomen is generally continuous almost to the tip, and is more uniformly wide ; whereas in exzgua it often terminates on the posterior border of the 2nd segment, sometimes appearing on the Ist segment only, and often (when nearly complete in length) takes the form of elongated triangles, bases wppermost. 4. The legs are paler yellow and the whole body is paler. Described from 6 @@ and 2 9 2 taken by Dr. Annandale on cattle at Kawkareik, Lower Burma, I-111-08. N.B.—Dr. Annandale noticed this species in great abundance on cattle in the interior of the Amherst District in Tenasserim, March 1909. He remarked that when at rest it stood higher on its legs than other Indian species of the genus, thus approximating to the appearance of a Dolichopodid. Lyperosia irritans, L,. As this paleearctic species may quite possibly be found in Northern India, a brief description is appended, drawn up from the only two specimens before me, 2 @” @ in my own collection, from Roumania. Dark yellowish grey, 3} to 4 mm. long with 4 not very well- defined thoracic blackish stripes, of which the middle pair attain the anterior margin. Abdomen with blackish dorsal stripe on 2nd segment. Palpi distinctly spatulate at tip, flattened, nearly as long as the shining black proboscis. Frontal space } width of head, mainly occupied by whitish eye margins, but leaving a very narrow black stripe. Legs black, knees pale, hind femora with a single hair below, just beyond middle, and another at tip; hind tibize with some comparatively long hairs on inner sides. Wing clear, Ist posterior cell very narrowly open ; outer cross-vein long, nearly straight. PHILAMATOMYIA, Aust., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), 111, 295. 1909. ‘“ Greyish flies, not unlike Musca domestica, Linn., in general appearance, but distinguishable at once, owing to the remarkable go Records of the Indian Museum. [Voy. IV, proboscis. Front in @ narrow, its width in centre being from one-eleventh to one-fifteenth of total width of head ; width of front in @ at vertex, one-third of total width of head ; proximal portion of proboscis (mentum) a strongly swollen chitinous bulb, distal portion soft and fleshy, folded back under distal end of bulb when not in use, but when in use extended, its terminal section consisting of a ‘tubular extension’ which is protruded from between the labella, and is surrounded at the distal extremity with a circlet of stout chitinous teeth ; venation generally as in Musca domestica.’’ Mr. Austen proceeds to give a more detailed generic description and adds the following chetotaxy :— ‘“ Thoracic bristles: humeral 3 (in co sometimes 4); post- humeral I ; notopleural 2; presutural 1; supra-alar I; intra-alar I; post-alar 3; dorso-central 4 or 5 (the large and conspicuous bristles alone included—z or 3 in front of, 2 behind suture) ; inner dorso-central 1; scutellar 4 (1 preebasal, I basal, I discal, I apical) ; mesopleural, normally 6 (space between uppermost two greater than that between any other two) ; sternopleural 1: 2.’’ Philematomyia insignis, Austen, 1909. Loc. cit. ante, 208. @7 @. India, Ceylon, Sokotra, Cyprus, Senegal and Congo Free State. Length of 17 7 @ 3—5'8 mm. ; of 25 2? 9 4—64 mm. ‘* Smoke-grey to isabelline-grey, or yellowish grey ; dorsum of thorax with 4 dark longitudinal stripes, broader and clove-brown or blackish in & , narrower and dark grey or brownishin 2 ; often with an additional broad median stripe, most distinct in front and behind; dorsum of abdomen with a tranversely elongate dark blotch on Ist segment, not reaching hind margin, and a small clove- brown median triangle at base of 2nd and 3rd segments, in some specimens also with a similar but smaller and usually lighter mark at base of 4th segment ; all hair and bristles on head, body and legs black ; palpi ochraceous-buff ; wings hyaline or with a slight ochra- ceous tinge, veins in proximal half buff or ochraceous-buff ; legs black, femora grevish pollinose.’’ Types of ~ and ? from India in the British Museum. Mr. Austen records it from the East from Calcutta, 23-vi-o7, ‘‘on draught bullocks, burrowing into the hair ’’ ; Mussoorie, ix-0o6 ; Allahabad, 11-x-05 [Howlett]; Bentota, Ceylon, 13-vi-g1 [Yerbury]; Daukotuwa, Ceylon. ‘The above data derived from specimens in the British Museum. N.B.—This species (identified by its author in the case of some of the specimens examined) figures in the Indian Museum from Calcutta (where it is common also from May to September), 15-ii-08 [Annandale] and 5-iii-05 [Brunetti]; Chittagong, 14-vii-o8 [ Lt.-Col. Hall|; Mandalay, 13-iii-o8; Kawkareik (North ‘Tenasserim), 5-11-08, on cattle ; Rangoon, 25-ii-o8 ; and Port Canning (30 miles south of Calcutta), 21-vii-o7, and Quilon, S. India, 9-xi-08 [all IQI0. | E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. gl Annandale]; Puri; Bengal, 2-11i-08, Purneah, N. Bengal, 7-viii-07, Madhupur, Bengal, 15-x-0g, and Victoria Gardens, Colombo, 26-iv-08 fall Paiva}; Cawnpore, xii-04 [brunetti|; Allahabad, 12-viii-o9 [Lord]; Purulia, Bengal, 13-x-og. I have it in my own collection from Rangoon (both sexes not uncommon), 23-x1i-04 to I-111-05, and 18-viii-06 ; Calcutta, 24-vii-o4 and 22-viii-o4 ; Jubbulpore, India, 15-xi-07, and Telok-Ayer, N. Borneo, 29-vii-06, all the specimens taken by me. PRISTIRHYNCHOMYIA, mihi, gen. nov. With the exception of an important modification of the pro- boscis, identical with Philematomyia, Aust., the general characters, the venation and cheetotaxy agreeing exactly. The two parts of the proboscis, however, are structurally re- versed, the wide basal part being fleshy and flexible, the second part (of about equal length) being sub-cylindrical, black and distinctly chitinized, possibly retractile to the extent of its with- drawal partly or wholly within the fleshy basal portion. At the end of the chitinous portion is a soft fleshy tip, the terminal orifice being of the shape of a triangle with a rounded base (the edges being thickened somewhat by a rim bearing the teeth). At the apex of the triangle is a single black tooth, whilst arranged around the orifice above are three pairs of similar black teeth. Under high microscopic power the apparent ‘‘rim”’ of the orifice is seen to be the base of each tooth extended considerably on each side, so that the ‘‘ rim’ is not continuous. The new genus is intermediate between Philematomyia and Musca, but the presence of the teeth suggests that it can hardly be other than a “‘ biting fly.” Pristirhynchomyia lineata, mihi, sp. nov. @. Calcutta. Long. 4-5 mm. Head. Yellowish grey, whitish grey when viewed from below. Frons at level of antenne } width of head, slightly narrower at vertex ; with a broad dull black median stripe (widest in the middle). Vertical triangle blackish, distinctly raised, with 3 pairs (rarely 4) of bristles, the upper pair small, the lower pair strong and long. Normally 7 strong fronto-orbital bristles placed along the edge of the black centre stripe, above these are two very minute ones, with a powerful one above these, this latter one being level with the centre of the ocellar triangle. ‘The upper strong bristle, and the 7 large fronto-orbital ones are always present. Outside this row is an irregular row of very small but distinct bristles. T'wo minute vertical bristles, and a pair of strong ones on vertex near the upper corner of each eye. Antenne blackish grey, 3rd joint lighter ; 2nd joint with several short stout bristles and one much stronger one, Arista considerably thickened at base ; ) 92 Records of the Indian Museum. [Voy. IV 7 or 8 nearly straight long hairs on upper side and 4 or 5 on lower Fic. 1.—Proboscis of Pristivhynchomyia lineata; dorsal view of specimen mounted in canada balsam for microscopic examination. side, with some very minute additional ones on basal half (both above and below). Buccal opening blackish, with a row of strong spiny bristles each side, the uppermost one being the strong- est; a number of very small bristly hairs on under side of epistome. Palpi blackish grey, cy- lindrical, narrowed towards base, with very short irregular bristles. Proboscis consist- ing of a sub-conical thickened fleshy basal portion, fol- lowed by a subcy- lindrical, chitinous black portion (both portions about equal in length); at the end of the latter a softer tip bearing 7 black teeth in accordance with the generic description. Fic. 2.—Proboscis of Pristivhynchomyia lineata; profile view of dried specimen. —————— eee er lee IgI0.] E. Brunetti: Blood-sucking Muscide. 93 Thorax. Varies from dark ash-grey (sometimes with a bluish tinge), to distinctly yellowish grey. Normally, the markings of the dorsum appear as four stripes, the inner pair barely inter- rupted at the suture but slightly widened behind it ; the outer pair less regular, distinctly interrupted at the suture ; in front of which the direction is changed, pointing to, and nearly reaching, the shoulders ; and behind which, the stripes, seen from behind, appear widened near the bases of the wings; thence narrowing and disappearing before attaining the posterior border of the dorsum. Scutellum and sides of thorax concolorous. Chetotaxy as in Philematomyia insignis, Aust. The whole surface of the dorsum is covered with minute bristles. Of the dorso- central rows of bristles, the intermediate smaller ones are larger in size than in that species, but 5 or 6 macrocheete are usually evident behind the suture and 2 (with a lesser, intermediate but by no means minute one) in front of it. Abdomen. Ist segment blackish, remainder yellowish grey ; 2nd and 3rd narrowly black at the base and on posterior border. A rather narrow dorsal black line extends over both segments; 4th segment with two small elongated blackish dorsal spots. The whole abdomen with short stiff hairs; no macrochete, but a row of rather stronger bristly hair near posterior border of each segment ; these being somewhat stronger and longer towards the sides and on the 4th segment. Belly concolorous, with short, stiff hairs. Ovipositor capable of complete withdrawal; when _pro- truded, a conspicuous, yellowish grey, nearly bare, cylindrical organ with a strong, black, hard apical knob. Legs. Black, with a little greyish reflection in certain lights ; minutely spinose. Fore femora with several longitudinal rows of strong bristles on outer side, a stronger spiny row on under side ; middle femora with 2 or 3 short, stiff bristles on hinder side near tip ; hind femora with 2 or 3 similar bristles below, near tip. Anterior tibiae with 2 distinct spines at tip, shorter ones on hind pair ; middle tibiz with 3 or 4 bristles on hinder side ; hind tibiae with apparently an irregular row of similar bristles on outer side. Wings. Pale grey, veins yellow on fore border and _ base, blackish elsewhere. Costa with a few short black bristles at base. Tegule yellowish grey, upper scale small, quadrangular. Halteres very small, yellow. Described from a good series of ? @ in the Indian Museum taken in Calcutta inearly December,1907. I have seen no specimen that I can assume to be the @ of this species. It may be remarked that Dr. Annandale has repeatedly ob- served this fly distended with blood, and actually sucking open sores on cattle. ‘Though the proboscis itself is not sufficiently stiff to pierce the skin the toothed tip would easily enlarge a small hole, otherwise made. —- ~ - ~ : nd B =i ; wy ‘ 7, : Dini al es ad a, 7 7 = ~ ; J n a a* . au * , ‘9 fora, md ie aera ih’ oS , aie ee « aa . he*. vA, » ~ 5 \ ven! hl Moy fh A Bf 7 a 98 r : : ee ral . — ’ : “7 a r eae a p* oe! an = ay ¢é 7 } wr . * y —_ : ‘y ha aa _ + 7 ee a - - J . 7 < : * ~~ = > : 7 s ms - ; ; 4- 4 at andes ae AA ng Wa Se tal “ty : CO ee cael oan far AD Be ' = sa oe / : - - a S ms * - = Se 14% a . - oes as ; “ pa ae, s ue ‘ “4 : - > Cs « ul ~ 3 “ a Pe = ~~ ‘ . ts hh : 4) Wig ¥ - os 7 " 7 oi es a = i o& ae ae rm | “- 2 ad s ‘ acts 7 a & oe a J ae i . . wy iat tice : we ; : mh Seer ete Maniatis or en NST ie cine a nal? ee - wae a” a a Pd —. ot Eig . ~ ay oy ae ee i ri - * “yey al - +e ia . ba J - . : , eb i ae oe ' F g as iy whey ROA os > 4 eae ; , ne . ” ts a a2) - Mw some sO ad Pag “4 . e Pew gett. Secs : ae fag : ; re ae | ee, . Aan ane ee Aa 7 my * aa PP es CERES Ute ae ree ao Ns ay oor) ata a wi See At r ae Pine e Pen Se Livi he Aap cages ; . “h - ie a at ee hand "> ae] ' min pat Ec: ry i" 4 ‘ee <5 Ale ‘= sf] , “ad, bs we b r Peay a he Dm J ines m4 Pah " _ rh ahve @ Vere i ' ] F Yi eal J Ds" us 7 ' fi 4 4 is a +» ? . uk aA >, 4 s ® L a : a _ uit? os) EXPLANATION OF PLATE VII. 1.—Stomoxys calcitrans, 1,., head o , front view. 2.— vd., head @ , profile. 3.— wd., head ¢ , front view. 4.— Ves arista. 5.— 1d., thoracic bristles, viewed from above. 6.— id., rd., lateral view. — ta.., wing. 8—I11.— 4a. abdomen (8, typical). 12.—S. indica, Picard. 13.—S. triangularis, Brun., sp. nov. r 14.—S. oblongopunctata, Brun., sp. nov. 15.—Bbdellolarynx sanguinolentus, Aust., head &. 16,.— id., heads ¢ Ge td., arista. 18.— id., wing. 19.--- id., abdomen. Rec. Ind. Mus.,Vol.IV, 1910. Plate VI. 15 x16. 18x8. “Out ) skeet a deli a Wee ppexeit eeagsch er ee ti. eer ihs hens Pua atte Gey! soeadaey ay Fe ae Oha2 LUN Ate on] > BPS) eee Bhi - Pais t ev, pated 9. Je > So )s eee io : > ‘ ata aS . ae rf Lt ean at '. 7 - a : , AD a aha - reaviuen Fo) ae uh a ; 2 i 7, - i : * wns brie - 5 aa! 3 242 Or 2 ree > Ee ‘Sao. © rt a ER ; ; awed “tatebey ity hela Peek ei Pesatss es Oe LL ee oa : $e var 7 = i ; na so priors : ‘to > ofite 4 »* ong Pry) Sozst)if Pe, ba . 1d a e a tatohe “ .* i valy ene pos ek: *s a . ri ‘ 1 7 2 ” a A taahicut) sant : ' tee bette ate ve 2 a 7 : a, a ar ale >t ape Lae bs VAP STNG TVS A 4 rr sy 4 : is ; 4 : e » - 7 - 7 =e P al ¢ ? e a 7 4 + » ’ ‘ . » : i « = f a 9 ¥ — >» EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII. 1.—Lyperosia minuta, Bezzi, head ~ , front view. 2.— Las, head o@, profile. 3.— td., head 9 , front view. = 4d. arista. 5.— tae thoracic bristles, dorsal view. 6.— Mi biee id., side view. ’ ae td., wing. 8.—-L. exigua, Meij., head a. 9 vd., head @. 10.— id., abdomen. II.— td., hind leg o. 12.—Philematomyia insignis, Austen, head, profile. 13.— vd., proboscis. 14.— id., head o, profile (small var- iety). 15.— td., head @ , front view. 16.— 1d., thoracic bristles. 17.— 1a., wing. 18.—Pyistirhynchomyia lineata, Brun., sp. nov., head ¢ , front view. 19.— id., head, profile. 4 Rec. Ind. Mus., Vol.IV, 1910. | ‘ 7 ‘ Vo A NEW: ARRANGEMENT -O) DEE EN DIAN snoijounim atom ynq ‘a0ejins mS ‘ad 4} Surpued ‘SoTBOS | [BSIOP BJOYM 9} WO SaTeIS paAino ee -xo ATpBOIq [eNsN 94} JO | Jo yn} & YONA peiutod-dreys ‘morse “SuOT ITM, ‘Sa[VoS JNOYFIA 3Nq sIrey GUA | “‘preyouelg ‘VIAWOZAIL | z (‘snua sty} wor; | & | _satoeds & apnoxa you saop 410} 5} *xode 94} -uomoid JOM9}Ue IY} WO saTeos = spieMo} Surpuedxs AT | Moen AIA =‘ poyutod-dieys 2 ~peoig you ad4q padeys | ‘sayeos ynoyya ‘Buoy, Moy e& yo aouasoid euL) Wai, “por oystiajoeIeYyO BIO | INQ sey UAL ‘soqeos Noy 4nq sIrey WIM ‘SoTBOS JNOYFIA jnq SIV YIM | ou ‘sq IHHAIOHLALSONN é : es ee RENEE Poe REET ele WAS E00 pa nba a me ‘peo, oy} | ‘saqo] o1oe10yyoIg ‘xeIoy | ‘TaTMOpqy | ‘snes | | | Se Oe ew se (LS? BA ‘SABJIVADYD IUAaUaH fo a7qv T JO safeos poyxs10y yYSs1IdyQ 105 ne. The Indian Anophel S. P. JAMES IQIO. | ‘ad4} Surpuedxe jensn eq} JO Aypeo1iq ‘ad A} Surpued -xo A]peoiq jensn 9} JO ‘addy Surpuedxe Ajpeoiq yensn 24} JO ‘addy Surpuedxe A[peoiq jensn 2q7 JO ‘Savas JO yn} quourmoid ve TM *sa]BOS anI} jo | 37Ny asuap B TIA ‘sprea -10j Surjoafoid soyeos Moy B IAA ‘so]eos JO }JN} & JNONWA | i} | | ‘savas ani} peorq = Ajaze1opour YA “DiAUL -ozAJ Snuas 94} JO VSO} PAI] sajeos pojurod-dieys ‘suo, WWM ‘soTBoS ona} peorq AISA YIM ‘saTeos ona} peoiq YM aU] Pru oy} m0Iy SpivauMop Apoemp surjoefoid saTeos and} JO $}jn} JueuTMOId xts | UJIAA O0RJINS [eIJMOA sy, ‘s}yNy | UIIO} JOU Op YOIYA\ sayeos paps -jun[q pue ayepfosoue, satis pUotudses [v9 JO 9dRJINS [eSIOp 9, | | ‘OUI] PIU 94} UI UoUIsaS T}MWIAVS ay} jo xode oy} woIy spieM -umop A]}D0I11p Surjoafoid sayeos ani} JO jyn} snonordsuod v AIAN ddvJANS [eIJUDA oy, “ATWO sireq YIM pay,OTD sovyIns [esiop eq] *sayBos JO S}JN} [BI}JVA ON ‘yuouIses YOea JO doRJINS [esIOp ay} JO sieuIOD [e19}eT-o193s0d aq} Wor spreAyno yaford sayeos aB1R] JO S}JN} VOI}Ippe Uy ‘sapeos | peoiq AraA Arreo JUaUIsaS ATOAQ jO SdoORJINS [LIJWOA puv [eSIOp ayy | *s}Ju} WO} Jou Op YoIyAr sopvos satqieo s}uem | | -Bas z 10 € 4sey 94} Jo aoRJins | [er1jUIA ay, ‘S}jNZ UOJ Jom Op | YA. SayBos ona} SoTIvo JueUT | -Sos AIOAD JO VdRJINS [eSsIOp aU | ‘uas “nou *VISUAHdOLSIYHD ‘paeyo -ue[g ‘SQHONAHUOZAJL ‘preqoeyy, ‘¥II'TaD ‘pyeqooy,y ‘VI'IHo0a | | | J ee ‘SITLL ATVOS IVNINOGAV HIT <] , “SLAAL w1vO TYNINOG “AV CTOOHWLIM 106 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor ty 5 Table of Species. Nene err nn nnn nn nee enn Genus according to | CG aineee Mr. Theobald’s | Bete ECON See the arrangement Specific name, described here. | Monograph of the Culicidae. r= eae ee a= ———— = se aitkeni, James. | Anopheles. | Neostethopheles. immaculatus, Theobald. _ Anopheles. | Neostethopheles. culiciformis, James and Liston, | Stethomyza. Neostethopheles. gigas, Giles. | Anopheles. Patagiamyia. lindesayt, Giles. Anopheles. | Patagiamyia. lindesayi, variety maculata, Theo- | Anopheles. | Patagiamyia. bald. | | culicifacies, Giles. | Myzomyia. | Myzomyia. listoni, Liston. | Myzomyza. | Myzomyia. culicifacies, variety punjabensis. eae? | Myzomyia. jeptomeres, Theobald. | Myzomyia. | Myzomyia.* tuvkhudi, Tiston. Myzomyia. | Myzomyia. elegans, James. _Myzomyta, 1903. | | Pyvetophorus, 1907. | Pyretophorus. jeyporiensis, James. | Pyretophorus. | Pyretophorus. punctulata, James and Liston. | are Pyretophorus.* nigrifasciatus, Theobald. Pyvetophorus. | Pyretophorus.* nursei, Theobald. | Pyretophorus. | Pyretophorus.* maculatus, Theobald. Nyssorhynchus. | Nyssorhynchus. fuliginosus, Giles. Nyssorhynchus. | Nyssorhynchus. fuliginosus, variety nagpori, J. | eves | Neesornncnaie and IL. | fuliginosus, variety adie, James, | a | Nyssorvhynchus. qamest, Theobald. | Nyssorhynchus. Nvssorhynchas. theobaldt, Giles. Nyssorhynchus. Nyssorhynchus. maculipaipis, James and Liston, | ae a | Nyssorhynchus. maculipalpis, variety indiensis, | Nyssorhynchus. Theobald. kavwari, James. yosst, Giles. | Nyssorhynchus. Myzomytia, 1903. | Pseudomyzomyia, 1907. indica, Theobald. | Neocellia. intermedia, Rothwell. lSnteoceiina: Nyssorhynchus.* | Nyssorhynchus. Nyssomyzomyta. Neocellia. Neocellia.* stephensi, Liston. | Nyssovhynchus. | Neocellia. willmori, James. | Nyssorhynchus. | Neocellia. dudgeonti, Theobald. | Neocellia. | Neocellia.* pulchervima, Theobald. | Cellia. | Cellia. barbivostris, Van der Walp. Myzorhynchus. Myzorhynchus. sinensis, Wiedmann. | Myzorhynchus. | Myzorhynchus. nigervimus, James and Liston. | Myzorhynchus. Myzorhynchus. nigervimus, Giles. | Myzorhynchus. | Myzorhynchus. halli, James. | ee | Christophersia, pet 4 evvory, Theobald. | Aldvichia. } er ee —— — 1910. | S. P. JAmes : The Indian Anopheline. 107 that may be experienced in obtaining a good view of one of these bodies. It will at once be seen whether or not the lobe carries a cocade of scales projecting anteriorly. If the lobe carries such a cocade the mosquito belongs to the genus Patagiamyia. (4) Ifa tuft of scales is not present on the lobe next examine the dorsal surface of the thorax. If the scales are long, sharp-pointed, and very narrow (that is, if it is rather difficult at a first glance to say whether they are scales or hairs) the mosquito belongs to the genus Myzomyia. Tf the scales are short and moderately broad (that is, if it can at once be seen that they are true scales) the mosquito belongs to the genus Pyretophorus. In the second case we shall have detected the presence of scales as well as hairs on one or more of the abdominal segments. In that case proceed as follows: (1) The first point to decide is whether or not some of the scales are aggregated to form tufts. The appearance of these tufts is shown in Plate XII; they are very definite objects and the mistake must not be made of regard- ing as tufts the irregularly disposed scales that in some species overhang the sides of the terminal abdominal segments. The single tuft projecting downwards from the mid line of the ventral surface of the 7th abdominal segment in anophelines of the genus Myzorhynchus is the least easy to detect. In specimens of that genus we usually see no scales during the examination of the dorsal surface, and even when the mosquito has been turned upside down for the examination of the ventral surface, the ventral tuft may not be recognized because its very dark scales are viewed against the equally dark background of the abdomen. it is not until the mosquito has been turned on its side that the ventral tuft is easily seen. That is why it is so important not to neglect the examination of the last abdominal segments from every direction of view. If it is found that the abdomen carries only this single ventral tuft of scales, we can say at once that the mosquito belongs to the genus Myzorhynchus. The determination should be confirmed by finding that the thorax carries long, sharp- pointed, myzomyia-like scales, and that the prothoracic lobes carry a cocade of scales. (2) If on examining the dorsal surface we see at once that it is clothed with very broad scales and that tufts of scales project laterally from the sides of each segment, the mosquito belongs to the genus Cel/ia. (3) If on examining the dorsal surface we see that every segment carries scales and that there are no lateral tufts, but that when the mosquito is turned on its side a number of very prominent ventral tufts come into view, the mosquito belongs to the genus Christophersia. If our examination has shown that none of the abdominal scales are aggregated to form tufts, it has to be decided whether all the segments are provided with scales on their dorsal surface or whether only the terminal segments carry scales. In the first case the mosquito belongs to the genus Neocellia. In the second case examine the thorax; if the scales are short and broad the mosquito belongs to the genus Nyssorhynchus, if they are long, 108 Records of the Indian Museum. DVO felis sharp-pointed, and very narrow, it belongs to the genus Nyssomy- zomyia. Hints. (1) When beginning the study of classification by scale ornamentation always select good, unrubbed specimens. If mosquitoes bred from larvee are being used do not kill them until 12 hours have elapsed from the time when they hatched out. The best specimens are those which, bred under favourable conditions from larve, have been allowed one meal of blood and then kept in suitable jars until the meal has been digested. (2) Do not use card-discs for mounting the mosquitoes to be used in studying this subject. Cut off the head of the fine silver pin and mount the mosquito on the pin so that an equal length of the pin pro- jects from the dorsum and from the venter. ‘Then stick either the point or the head end of the pin into a small block of pith or of cork. For examination, the mosquito can now be pinned with the dorsal, ventral, or lateral surface uppermost and a _ proper view obtained. When card-discs are used this cannot be done, because the disc is always in the way and hides the part one desires to examine. (3) A knowledge of whether the scales are false scales or true scales is not necessary for determining the genus, but if it is desired to study this matter thoroughly, the scales must be mounted flat on a slide and examined with a high power objective. It is essential to carry out the same procedure when it is desired to study thoroughly the shape of various scales. (I refer of course to a closer study than is necessary for ascertain- ing whether the upright forked scales of the head are rod-shaped or broadly expanding, whether the thoracic scales are sharp- pointed and very narrow or blunt-ended and broad, etc.). The following is the simplest method of obtaining the particular scales one wishes to study. Dissect out with a sharp knife the part of the mosquito that carries the scales and place it on a slide under a cover-glass. Tap and press the cover-glass slightly, then remove it and slide the part of the mosquito away with the point of a needle. Replace the cover-glass and fix it with strips of gummed paper. Many scales will have remained on the slide during these manipulations. Examine them with a 7: inch oil immersion lens and draw them with the aid of an eyepiece camera lucida. (4) In describing the shapes of scales it would be of great advantage if all observers were to adopt the exact nomenclature used by botanists in describing the shapes of leaves. This nomenclature is given in all the elementary books on botany and is very applicable to the shapes of scales. The botanical terms acicular, linear, oblong, elliptical, rotundate, orbicular, lanceolate, ovate, oblan- ceolate, obovate, spatulate, etc., have a definite meaning and significance. ‘‘Tanceolate’’ is a botanical term commonly used by entomologists, but it is used by them indifferently for scales of very various shapes; a lanceolate leaf is broadest at the base and scales with that character are seldom or never seen, though oblan- ceolate scales arevery common. ‘he use of such terms as “ slight- ly lanceolate,’ ‘‘long and narrow,’’ ‘‘ large and inflated,” etc., 1910. | S. P. James: The Indian Anopheline. 109 can be criticised not only because these terms are so indefinite, but because it would be easy to find botanical terms that would des- cribe the shape of the scale in a single word that conveys the same meaning to everyone. (5) It is particularly to be noted that no detailed arrangement by scale ornamentation can be made that will apply to both females and males. ‘The scale ornamentation (especially on the last segments of the abdomen and genital pro- cess) of male anophelines often differs considerably from that of female anophelines. The arrangement described in this paper applies throughout to the female insect only. 26-5-10. ADDENDUM. The issue of vol. v of Mr. Theobald’s Monograph while this paper was passing through the Press has made it necessary to add in the form of an appendix the characters of a new genus, NEOMYZOMYIA, described by him. He has created the genus for the reception of elegans, James, a species that I have not seen for some years. The generic characters are shown in the following statement :— | Abdomen. Thorax. | Head. Prothoracic lobes. | : wate a : Only the last segment The anterior|With the usualtype With a tuft of carries scales. They| promontory, ofbroadlyexpand-| long out-stand- are arranged as in| carries agroupof| inguprightforked ing scales, the genus Nyssor-| sharp-pointed) scales which form | hynchus. | curved scales| dense tufts at | | which project | the postero-lateral) over the neck.| corners. | The remainder of | | | the dorsum is | | clothed with | | hairs, | | | | It will be seen that the genus is distinct from any of those described above. It comes near to the genus Patagiamyia, but the presence of scales on the last segment of the abdomen sepa- rates it very distinctly and makes us place it in the second of the two great groups. Mr. Theobald says that the scales of the wing are Myzorhynchus-like and that the palpi are densely scaled, so that the chief difference between the new genus and the genus Myzorhynchus must be that in Myzorhynchus the scales of the last abdominal segments are arranged as a ventral tuft while in Neomyzomyia they are not aggregated to form a tuft but are disposed irregularly as in the genus Nyssorhynchus. ‘The name Neomyzomyta is rather misleading. Deke ys 5-9-10. Ot GUS eerie 1d Slee gett SNe {ii toh ieee re a - * "* - } : f i. =a T aE) pores y a. : “RULES, OS Paws Lac PaaS Otppe es 1 Saat a SAEs a * ‘a ; * ¢ ‘ : : =P , r pa ewrar LiL ep EK! ae yA IAk $5) t 1277-2 > ag 14 bs cn 4 o ivy iP - Ae RP aa AEG See tT DEE css Vr phat ine t {ise 3 a toe > Sr en sa =. “ . tea eee, 7H 1 ert z . oa = 4 . fe _ t r Fi f te ake *. ~ » | ap! . . < : ~ eet ee aw 3 7 4A) te - ra “ i £ < f >< SEs: “As ~ _ = - hy a c ~~ ‘ a f 5 PP : fe we ca + * 4 % ; ve F & ‘ —— <= Se et gh ml ee EDN te ta i tate alr te a Il hee eB iy mer, Get Hine 6 s < ‘ ' Srey 5-65 } as teat « + ie ‘ ' { | ; t y ~ ‘ é . y b =! be : 7% ‘ q : t5ES2 be oy ray ah Een ae ¢ : ; fk i Seiraie = PRE NS sea ang saeeh Sean oy! a tania te a = : TOR TRS Fiat's TA eee irene tea a ' and re ee eee ane ae “ 5] —* : See ve ~ : La : re | ' , ; i é ty ; 8 ' » = . e 2 a . ae Se ae 2 5 A eh a rs Pa Se ee 4 rf 5 : a ca - J F 3 : r - r ry wT} | = § Odd - 4 E Par , vee ~ 4 s t * 5 : ‘ ‘ - 3 - as ae - = ie re ih aah " . ‘ eli’ « ap ‘ z + ri F . wibimore Jost nit? aleatod Fave OF vers ai Bie gs ert PEEL Et AA 2 Ff thil> bie abeniage-tee these (yd. A PRES a IGcCo err ae $8 tA OSES > gpa c M LF LR Sie See ts he Es eis eee reste af se ce! Lik bs UD ATES a Aten bop) VE Aa ea Reta; 4 oe a) bom bg 2. ¥ eke Jae. = 7 = we 7 S - - ' a , aa ol 4 uy EXPLANATION: OF “PVATE 7 LS The figures show from left to right the upright forked scales of the head, the hairs or scales on the dorsum of the thorax, and the hairs or scales on the prothoracic lobes. The drawings of these structures relate respectively to The genus NEOSTETHOPHELES (Fig. 1.) ms ,, MyYZOMYIA (Hise) Sy oy EAT AGTAMY TA (Fig. 3.) PYRETOPHORUS (Fig. 4.) In Fig. 2 the three thoracic scales shown are false scales ; in Fig. 3 one scale is a false scale and two are true scales; in Fig. 4 all are true scales. Plate IX. Zl Ind. Mus.,Vol.IV, 1910. o D.Bagchi, lith. S.P. James, del. : t anh - a Sse Met ie , : ; si Nf 8a, 2 a i) a * mers) 1 Oe: re fe eres C = : y wr wt * : 5: eden! * : : es eA eee es ane vat ay Paal, : j x cote OF = ar 7 7 SES? tse Fd iT ey Es a. te § Ss ouee meet a es 5 7 a ele at > PS east ee = ae s 8A a os ee se eee De f Soh ae . Pee - | i tg ae ee : b oe, Ps at el sy" Te * +. . ae _ iy ee BE ey ys" eed} Pigezt Fhe if Me FE thi, a rt pire sts y a rer sts 272 eh eee kere lke hie add 53 sory Ree artic nie ik » ated ee ies lah Babe: Arad) mM ote Soe of. EY OHEP Satie are oer slag te Teg ks Sty omens * Bi eit rena tohiys MPP ee iis 3 enre!s 3? ee tee ay: Mg, ST) er ie Ms ae fick Bree AGS) hag aa a. > eehe i a aa +n @ ea 7 @ ‘ 7 “is al — =. = * = = ’ . EXPLANATION: OF PLATE 3 The upper half of the plate (Figs. 1 to 6) relates to the genus .. NYSSORHYNCHUS. The lower half is the plate (Figs 7 £Ov EB) relates to the genus .. NYSSOMYZOMYVIA. Details of the upper half of the plate—-From left to right the drawings are, (1) abdomen from the dorsal aspect, (2) abdomen from the ventral aspect, (3) last segment of abdomen and genitalia, (4) thorax. Fig. 5 shows three of the abdominal scales as drawn with the aid of a camera lucida under a 75-inch oil immer- sion objective and low eyepiece. Fig. 6 shows some of the thoracic scales drawn by the same method. The three thoracic scales to the left are from fuliginosus and the three to the right are from maculatus. Details of the lower haif of the plate-—Genus Nyssomyzomyia. The thoracic and abdominal scale ornamentation of ross? is shown. Fig. 8 shows the ventral surface of the last abdominal segments. The long pointed false scales and the hair on the right of the plate are from the anterior promontory and mid region of the dorsum of the thorax; and the two true scales below the short black line. (Fig. 11) are from the ventral surface of the last abdominal seg- ment. Placee ee Rec. Ind. Mus., Vol. JV, 1910. SES = 5.P. James, del EXPLANATION OF PLATE XI. The upper half of the plate (Figs. 1 to 5) relates to the genus ie 7 / . NBOCELLIA: The lower half of the plate (Figs. 6 to 10) relates to the genus ze CELLIA. In both cases the following structures are shown: (1 and 6) abdomen from the dorsal aspect, (2 and 7) abdomen from the ventral aspect, (3 and 8) abdomen from the side; (4 and 9) abdominal scales and (5 and 10) thoracic scales. As regards the genus Neocellia some of the scales (the larger ones) are from willmort and others (the smaller) from stephensi. As regards the genus Cellia all the scales are from pulcherrima. ale. Plate, XI. ec. Ind. Mus.,Vol IV, 1910. Sy py? PAs D. Bagchi, hth 'S.P. James, del. ee “y ¢ar™ oan ‘ f “Se erp Nie Ge os tg far ai EXPLANATION OF PLATE XII. The upper half of the plate (1.) relates to the Genus =. ig ae MyZzORHYNCHUS. The lower half of the plate (2.) relates to the genus ave re CHRISTOPHERSIA. In both cases the scale ornamentation of the abdomen, thorax, and prothoracic lobes is shown. ‘The two scales below the lateral view of the abdomen in I. are from the ventral abdominal tuft. 2g Plate fad Mas.Vel IV, 1910. 3 piay/ shat ,lith ) on ‘a pr a a | Q IL pe o Ss = Ss - 2S SSS o 2 SSS a ——< S uP) aw : 1 , : > ’ 7 ~~. 4 s “- > “ 2 = , 7 7 * ‘ ‘/;, = *~ . 7 yy . t 2 . ny ‘ ply Ae . “a . x - r 28 P c =Te Other Publications edited and sold by the Superintendent of the Indian Museum (also obtainable from Messrs. Friedlander & Sohn) issued by the Director of the Royal Indian Marine. ‘Illustrations of the Zoology of the R.I.M.S. ‘‘ Investigator ’’ 1892, Fishes, Plates 1 to VII. _ €rustacea, Plates I to V, 1894. Fishes, Plates VII to XIII. Crustacea, Plates VI to VIII. Ech- inoderma, Plates I to III, 1895. Echinoderma, Plates IV and V. Fishes, Plates XIV to XVI. Crustacea, Plates IX to XV, 1896. Crustacea, Plates XVI to XXVII, 1897. Fishes, Plate XVII. Crustacea, Plates XXVIII to XXXII. Mollusca, Plates I to VI, 1898. Fishes, Plates XVITT te XXIV. Crustacea, Plates XXXIII to XXXV. Mollusea, Plates VII and VIII, 1899. Fishes. Plates XXV and XXVI. Crustacea, Plates XXXVI to XLV, 1900. Fishes, Plates XXVII to XXXV: Crustacea, Plates XLVI to XLVIII. Index, Part I, 1901. Crustacea, Plates XLIX . to LV. Mollusca, Plates-IX to XIII, 1902. Crustacea, Plates LVI to LXVII. Crustacea, Plates LXVIII to LX XVI. Fishes, Plates XXXVI to XX XVIII, 1905. Crustacea (Malacostraca), Plates LXXVII to L.XXTX. Crustacea (Entomostraca\, Plates IT and TI. Molinsca, Plates XIV to XVIII, 1907. Fishes, Plates XXXIX to XLIII. Crustacea (Entomostraca), Plates III to V. Mollusca, Plates XIX and XX, 1908.—Re. 1 per plate, Mollusca, Plates XXI to XXIII, 1909.— As, 8 per plate. RECORDS of the INDIAN MUSEUM Vol. I, 1907. Part I.—Coutributions to the Fauna of the Arabian Sea, Records of Hemiptera and Hymenoptera from the Himalayas. Further notes on Indian Freshwater Ento- mostraca. The Faunaof Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, lower Bengal, I—III A Sporozoon from the Heart of a Cow. Miscellanea, Part II.—Revision of the Oriental Stratiomyide. Description of an Oligochete Worm allied to Cha@togaster. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IV. Further Note on a Polyzoon from the Himalayas. Reports on a collection of Batrachia, Reptiles and Fish from Nepal and the Western Himalayas. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, V. Notes on Oriental Diptera, I and II. Miscellanea, Part IIT.—Report on the Marine Polvzoa in the collection of the Indian Museum. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VI. A third note on Earwigs (Dermaptera) in the Indian Museum, with the description of a new species. Notes on Oriental Diptera, III. Description of a new snake from Nepal. Notes on a collection of marketable fish from Akyab, with a description of a new species of Lactarius. Description of two freshwater Oligochete Worms from the Punjab. Notes on Phosphorescence in Marine Animals. Notes on the rats of Dacca, Eastern Bengal. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, I—V. Miscellanea. Part IV.—Nudiclava monocantht, the type of a new genus of Hydroids parasitic on Fish. Preliminary descriptions of three new Nycteribiide from India| Anno- tated Catalogue of Oriental Culicide. Notes on Oriental Diptera. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, VI, VII. Description of a new Cyprinid Fish of the genus Danio from Upper Burma. Miscellanea, Vol. II, 1908-1909. Pari I.—The retirement of Lieut.-Col. Alcock, with a list of his papers, etc., on Indian Zoology. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VIT. Description of a New Dictyonine Sponge from the Indian Ocean. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, VIII. Remarkable cases of variation, I. Description of a new species of Lizard of the genus Salea, from Assam. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VIII. Description of a new Cavernico- lous Phasgonurid from Lower Siam. Descriptions of new species of Marie and Freshwater Shells in the collection of the Indian Museum. Notes on Oriental Syrphide, I. Description of a new variety of Spongilla loricata. Notes on Oriental Diptera, V. Miscellanea. Part IT.—Gordiens du Musée Indien. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IX. Description of a new species of Danio from Lower Burma. Rhynchota Malayana, I. Cimex rotundatus, Signuoret. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, IX. Fruit Bats of the genus Pleropus inhabiting the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelagos. A new species of Sun-Bird obtained near Darjiling. Three Indian Phylactoleimata. On two new species of Eagle-Rays (Myliobatide), Description of a new species of the genus Sesarma, Say., from the Andaman Islands. Descriptions of new species of Land, Marine, and Freshwater Shells from the Andaman Islands. Part IIT.—The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, X, XI. On some Oriental Solifuge with descriptions of new forms. The difference between the Takin (Budorcis) from the Mishmi Hills and that from Tibet, with notes on variation displayed by the former. On Caridina nilotica (Roux) and its varieties. Description of a new species of Charaves from the Bhutan Frontier. First Report on the Collection of Culicide and Corethride in the Indian Museum, with descriptions of new genera and species. Miscellanea Part IV.—Report on a collection of aquatic animals made in Tibet by Capt. F. H. Stewart in 1907, I. Notes on Aculeate Hymenoptera in the Indian Museum, I, Indian Psychodide, Description of a new species of mouse from the Madura District, Madras. Some Cleride of the Indian Museum. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, XII. Description of a new species of Saw-Fish captured off the Burma Coast. A new Sting Ray of the genus Trygow from the Bay ot Bengal. New Micro-lepidoptera from India and Burma. Notes on some Chrysomelid Beetles in the collection of the Indian Museum. Six new Cicindeline from the Oriental Region, Description of a new slug from Tibet. ea Laan Mie TS FLOW SOF THESE CIES ‘OF Lea OS FROM THE OR LTEN TAT RE - GION, INCLUDING. NOTES.ON SPECIES FROM SURROUNDING COUNTRIES. By GERTRUDE RICARDO. The Oriental Region in this paper includes India, Burma, Federated Malay States, Siam, Annam, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, and other islands, the Philippines, Formosa, and the southern part of China, as defined by Wallace and others, but Celebes is not included, following the eastern dividing line adopted by Sclater, so that, as a rule, the species from Celebes are not included here, but relegated to the Austro-Malay Region ; judging from the Bigot and Walker types I have seen from Celebes, they certainly (with one or two exceptions included here) appear to have little affinity to the Indo-Malay, Borneo and Java species. The material on the examination of which this paper is based, includes the British Museum collection, a collection sent me by Dr. Annandale from the Indian Museum for identification, a smaller collection from Mr. F. M. Howlett, from the Pusa Agri- cultural Research Institute, Bengal; besides species sent by Dr. Kertesz from the Budapest Museum. ‘To Dr. A.’T. Stanton I am in- debted for an interesting series of species collected in the Federated Malay States. From Col, Alcock I have had a small collection to identify belonging to the London School of Tropical Medicine. Through the courtesy of the Director and of M. Jacques Surcoutf of the Paris Museum, I have been able to examine most of the Macquart and Bigot types in their possession. ‘Through the courtesy of the authorities of the Natural History Museum at Genoa, I was able to examine Rondani’s types in their collection. I am indebted to Mr. G. H. Verrall for his loan of the majority of the Bigot types, which, as a rule, would be very difficult to recognize from the descriptions, based in many cases on single specimens, and now at any rate in a very denuded condition. Bigot labelled many of the specimens in the Indian Museum collections, but most of them are merely MS. names, where he made a new species and published the descrip- tion, he evidently interchanged the specimens with the Museum and his own collection, so that some of Mr. Verrall’s Bigot types have co-types from the same series of specimens in the Indian Museum collection. His specification of localities is very vague, ale? Records of the Indian Museum. Vio. aye ‘““India’’ alone frequently being given for Assam; Dr. Annandale informs me in a letter that M. Bigot destroyed most of the original labels and substituted others in which only ‘‘Inde’’ was written. Owing to denudation it is frequently difficult to identify species of Tabanus, and probably with the advent of fresh material much rectification may be necessary, especially as regards the identifica- tion of the older species. The synonyms given here are very numerous, but have been chiefly determined from the more important plastic characters, such as breadth of forehead, its. greater or less narrowness anteriorly above the eyes, and the shape of the frontal callus; beth these characters vary, but to a small extent only; the shape of the palpi is also a valuable character if not relied upon too minutely ; the absence or presence of an appendix on the wing is a very variable, uncertain, character; the closed or extremely narrow first posterior ‘cell at border of wing appears fairly reliable, but males and females probably vary in this character. Rondani formed the genus Bellaydia for species possessing this character (Archiv. Canestr., iii, p. 81, 1863), but it does not appear a good generic character and has not been adopted by other authors. The design and colouring of the abdomen must naturally be largely made use of, though owing to the easy denudation of the tomen- tose dust which usually forms the spots and stripes, it is often difficult to identify species; the colouring of the hairs on body and legs is useful, but it appears to vary in specimens of the same species to some extent, especially as regards the legs; the shining polished subcallus in some species appears a reliable distinct character, though here again denudation must be borne in mind. The subgenus Therioplectes, Zeller, formed for species with pubes- cent eyes and with an ocelligerous tubercle on vertex of forehead, appears applicable to the species of the Oriental Region, though their number is very small; but it is otherwise with the subgenus Atylotus, Osten Sacken, formed for species with pubescent eyes but no ocelligerous tubercle, some species such as the widely distributed Tabanus taenvatus, Macq., and other species from this Region have an Atylotus-like appearance, that is to say, they resemble the group containing fulvus, rusticus, and others, of a mealy coloured appearance, Brauer placed black and other species in this group, in his work on European Tabanidae ; but the eyes are practically bare in both sexes, so that this subgenus as in the South African fauna is not here applicable. The grouping of the species has been again attempted as in those of the South African Region, but where it is based upon the presence or absence of spots on the abdomen it, will probably need correction in the future, the group represented by Tabanus funufer, Walker, being one of the most difficult in this fauna. The table of species has been drawn up for the females, only males are included in a few instances where specified ; as is always the case, the males in the collections are very few in number. The measurement of the length of the forehead is based on the width anteriorly above the eyes. In the references IQITI.| G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. II3 here to Macquart’s Dipt. Exot. volumes the original pagination is used, unfortunately in some of the reprints of the work from Mem. Sci. Agri. et Arts de Lille, 1838—1854, in which publication the work first appeared, the original pagination has not been adhered to, and in this incorrect form has been in general use. As the descriptions by Walker and Bigot are, as a rule, too poor for identification of the species, it appears justifiable to delete from the list of species of Tubanus any types of either of these authors which are now lost or destroyed. All types, except those of Bigot and Macquart which are either in Mr. Verrall’s possession, or in the Paris Museum, or as in the case of Macquart in the Lille Museum, are in the British Museum collection unless otherwise specified. There were about 119 described species of Tabanus from the Oriental Region, now reduced by synonyms, deletion from list or not belonging to the Oriental Region to about 73 species, which with the addition of 40 new species described here (4 were pub- lished first in the Annals) brings the total to 117 species, including one species from Celebes, and 3 species from other Regions occur- tring here. The table for species does not include those species of which I have no knowledge, except in a few instances where the descriptions allow of their being included with some certainty. The drawings in the two plates have been executed by Miss Grace Edwards. TABLE FOR GROUPS. I. Eyes bare res ie 3 lee Eyes hairy (Thertoplectes) = GROUP esi.) (OL. II. Forehead with two separate calli, the first one usually transverse, the second irre- gular in shape, smaller. Forehead four to six times as long as it is broad. Small species 9—1I4 mm. in length ie TE III. Thorax and scutellum same colour. Ab- domen with no bands ey Pe pGROUP)I, I. Scutellum white or yellow-haired. Abdomen with white or yellow-haired bands .. Group II. 4. IV. Forehead with two small round spot-like calli, one above the other, never united .. Group III. 7. V. Forehead with no callus Ag .. GROUP a VI. Forehead with one square, narrow, or oblong callus, which is always prolonged towards the vertex by a more or less narrow line. . VII. VII. Wings with spots or bands .. .. Group V. Io. Wings distinctly marked with brown or yellow colouring, but not in the form of bands. Large species 18—23 mm. in length .. Group VI. 13. I14 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vox. IV, Species with one or more stripes usually continuous on abdomen. Forehead five to nine times as long as it is broad > GROUP VILLE a7s Species with median or lateral spots or both on abdomen, not usually forming a conti- nuous stripe. Forehead four to ten times as long as it is broad a 2. GROUP VITIE S36: Species with paler bands and sometimes spots onabdomen. Forehead four to ten times as long as it is broad ay +32 GROUP JEXe 93538 Species with the abdomen unicolorous or almost so, sometimes darker at apex. Forehead five to ten times as long as it is broad 32 : nf GROUP X. 765. VIII. Species with eyes pabeseeat and an ocelligerous tubercle on forehead at vertex aN ye 1 GROUP DU: TABLE FOR SPECIES. Group I. 1. Subcallus shining. ie with no cross-bands 2. Subcallus not shining. Eyes with cross-bands 2 . Frontal callus reaching eyes. Ab- domen grey, covered with long white pubescence. Tibiae whit- ish with long fringes of white hairs ane . varus, 1. Sp. Frontal callus not reaching eyes. Abdomen black, shining. Tibiae whitish, but with no long fringes of white hairs on .. hirvitpalpis, n. sp. 3. Frontal callus reaching eyes. Black species with three grey stripes on abdomen ie .. bicallosus, Ricardo. Group II. 4. Dark brown or yellowish brown species with yellow-haired scutel- lum and yellow-haired bands on abdomen Be 3 5. Black species with white-haired scutellum and white-haired bands on abdomen 5. Abdomen reddish brown or yellow with six narrow yellow bands. Igtt.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. II5 Palpi pale yellow with black and yellow pubescence. Fore tibiae pale on basal two-thirds only .. flavicinctus, n. sp. Abdomen dark reddish brown or blackish with two broad yellow bands. Palpi black with grey tomentum and white and black hairs. Fore tibiae pale to apices... leucocnematus, Bigot. 6. Abdomen black with two white bands. Frontal callus almost reaching eyes. Fore tibiae pale on basal two-thirds only. Wings tinged brown on fore border .. bicinctus, n. sp. Abdomen with six white bands. Frontal callus not reaching eyes. Fore tibiae pale to apices. Wings clear a Ee .. sexcinctus, n. Sp. Group III. 7. Forehead slightly narrower anterior- ly, three and a half to four times as long as it is broad bis 8. 8. Abdomen blackish covered with golden yellow tomentum and ap- pressed yellow pubescence .. fulvus, Meig. Abdomen yellowish with median and lateral blackish or brownish Stripes: is. a _. ditaeniatus, Macq. Group IV. g. Abdomen brown, reddish at base, covered with grey tomentum and with two small round greyish spots on the segments. Wings with no appendix. Length7}to1I mm. virgo, Wied. Abdomen blackish brown with me- dian and lateral greyish tomentose spots. Wings with an appendix. Length 13 mm. 7 _. nemocallosus, Ricardo. Abdomen covered with greyish yel- low tomentum and with thick short yellow pubescence, 2: abdo- men the same but a black mediar stripe often appears, ~. Wings with noappendix. Length 113-12} mm. ae Be .. negativus, n. Sp. Group V. 10. Wings with four dark spots. Abdomen reddish brown, with white spots javanus, Fabr. 116 Records of the Indian Museum. {Vor,.. EV Wings with one cross-band, the first posterior cell open a Wings with two cross-bands, the first posterior cell closed or very narrow He 11. Forehead narrowest at ‘vertex. Ab- domen reddish, darker at apex, with small white median spots Forehead narrowest anteriorly. Ab- domen yellowish, darker at apex, with larger white spots : 12, Abdomen brownish yellow, with broad yellow posterior bands on each segment, under side yellow- ish. Antennae reddish yellow. & with equal facets to eyes Abdomen brownish red with narrower yellow bands, under side darker. Antennae reddish yellow, black at apex. o with unequal facets to eyes Group VI. 13. Wings dark rich brown, the discal cell clear. Large black species with orange-red pubescence on face and breast. Antennae red .. Smaller species similar in Sain Antennae black Wings yellowish or brownish, very distinctly tinged with brown at apex and on _ posterior border. Scutellum yellow or greyish : 14. First posterior cell of mass closed or very narrow First posterior cell open, not. very narrow . 15. Abdomen reddish brown, narrow, with grey tomentose bands and median spots. Palpi slender. First posterior cell closed Abdomen brown with narrow grey tomentose bands but no median spots. Palpi large, broad. The first posterior cell very narrow at DOLGEL a As " : Abdomen black, livid at base. Smaller species. First posterior cell closed . optatus, Wik. . non-optatus, n. sp. . flexilis,. Wik. vanderwulpi, O. S. pratti, n. sp. . fuscicornis, n. sp. nephodes, Bigot. . albofasctatus, n. sp. basalts, Macq. J} s Ab I5. 16. rgl1.j G. Rricarpo: Revision of the spectes of Tabanus. 117 16. Large yellowish species with blackish bands on the abdomen .. auriflamma, Wlk. Group VII. 17. First posterior cell closed. Yellow-_ ish species with indistinct median black stripe on abdomen .. annamitus, &., Bigot. First posterior cell open 18. . Frontal callus oblong or narrow its lineal extension. Forehead at least five times as long as it is broad ats Pee IQ. Frontal callus large, somewhat pro- tuberant, almost square, with short lineal extension. Forehead three or four times as long as it is. broad... Ys ! 36. 1g. Abdomen with a median stripe aed lateral stripes or spots 20. Abdomen with one median ne nuous stripe only, no lateral spots, or only isolated ones on the second SEQIMENE ae 27. Abdomen with lateral stripes only . 35. 20. Frontal callus with a spindle- Aneel lineal extension ur als Frontal callus with.the lineal exten- sion not spindle-shaped 21. Abdomen blackish or reddish brown with grey median and _ lateral stripes, almost. all the same tenet, 3.7. . styiatus, Fabr. Abdomen with the grey median stripe beginning only on the third seg- ment, and with lateral stripes end- ing on the third or fourth seg- . ment fe. a .. Atlaris, Wik. N N 22. Abdomen with a median stripe, the side spots small.and indistinct Abdomen with a median stripe, the side spots large and distinct .. 24. 23. Smaller species. Abdomen reddish yellow, darker at apex. Thorax blackish. Forehead eight times : as long as it is broad .. abbreviatus , Bigot. 24. The median abdominal stripe com- posed of almost equal sized spots, not very large iS) Oo 25. 26. 27. 28. 20. 30. ae Bae 33: 34. Records of the Indian Museum. The median abdominal! stripe com- posed of spots of unequal size, those on the third and fourth seg- ments very large and conspicu- ous ae Abdomen aad thorax lilac or black- ish brown, femora blackish. Forehead about five times as long as it is broad Abdomen and thorax pboeecely oe dish brown, femora reddish brown. Forehead five to six times as long as it is broad : Abdomen and thorax reddish brown, femora blackish. Forehead about seven times as long as it is broad Median stripe of abdomen grey tomentose or white or yellow haired : os Median stripe of abdomen black... Median stripe of abdomen golden haired ae Forehead barely elie as wide an- teriorly as it is at vertex Forehead parallel or nearly so Small brown species. Femora brown- ish. Wings clear, brown on fore border Large black or reddish Grown species, medium abdominal stripe narrow. Femora biack. Wings tinged brown Se Brown species, the median abdo- minal stripe broad, and two round spots on second segment. Femora reddish. Wings brown on fore border Abdomen reddish, Bree at apex, a narrow grey stripe often apparent on the median black stripe Forehead parallel Forehead narrower anteriorly Abdomen yellowish brown, darker at apex, the median stripe dull golden haired indistinct Abdomen vellowish brown or dark brown, the median stripe broad. Fore femora yellowish. Wings brown, especially on fore border . rubidus, Wied. . albimedius, W1k. speciosus, n. sp. . hortistriatus, n. sp. . abscondens, Wik. . auristriatus, n. sp. . hybridus, Wied. [Vor IV, 26. 29. 30. . monotaentatus, Bigot. . brunnipennis, n. sp. 33. 34. 19g1II.} G. RICARDO: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 119 Abdomen covered with yellowish tomentum, median stripe very broad. Fore femora black. Wings clear are # : 35. Black species. Abdomen with ferru- ginous lateral stripes on the first four segments. Legs blackish brown 36. Forehead narrowest anteriorly Forehead narrowest at vertex 37. Small black species. Abdomen with a median grey stripe beginning on the third segment only, the lateral stripes terminate on the second Segment. =: Ae 38. Small brown species. Abdomen with a median grey stripe Group VIII. 39. Wings with first posterior cell closed or at least very much narrower at border. Forehead six to seven times as long as it is broad Wings with first posterior cell open, never very narrow at border 40. Abdomen with three series grey spots on abdomen, reddish brown in male, blackish in female Abdomen with three grey spots on the first two or three segments only, a larger, broader bodied, blackish species 41. Forehead narrow, six to ten times ; as long as it is wide anteriorly, with a long narrow frontal callus Forehead broader, four to five times as long as it is wide anteriorly, with a larger nearly square, or pear-shaped frontal callus ‘ 42. Brown, reddish brown, or reddish yellow, medium sized or large species, the triangular greyish or yellowish spots not usually form- ing a continuous stripe Large unicolorous reddish species with small median indistinct white spots a Reddish brown or brown species with large prominent median whitish . aurotestaceus, W1k. . tristis, v. d. Wulp. 37: 38. . qucundus, Wik. . puteus, n. sp. 40. 4l, . amaenus, Wik. . mandayinus, Schiner. 42. IZ0 Records of the Indian Museum. spots on the third and fourth seg- ments only an Reddish species with black spots Small species with a narrow yellow abdomen irregularly marked with black and with three series irre- sular shaped grey median and lateral spots 43. Medium sized species, 17-18 mm. in length. Abdomen reddish yellow with small median white spots. Forehead almost parallel or bare- ly a third narrower anteriorly, six times as long asitisbroad. Fron- tal callus oblong not reaching the eyes. Wings clear, faintly tinged yellowish brown species usually 18-25 mm. in length, with abdominal median _ spots. Forehead from one-third to halt narrower anteriorly, frontal callus long and narrow 44. Forehead eight to nine times as long as it is broad, about one-third narrower anteriorly } Forehead very narrow, eight to oa times as long as it is peoaa only half as wide ‘anteriorly as at ver- tex 45. Abdomen reddish, or reddish yellow, large, broad, with median short triangular yellow spots often indis- tinct. Fore tibiae reddish yellow on basal half, with black pubes- cence. Wings large, tinged yellowish brown or almost clear. Forehead almost parallel row, with median long triangular, distinct whitish spots, usually joining each other. Fore tibiae white on basal half with white pubescence. Wings long, faintly tinged yellowish brown. Fore- head about a third narrower an- teriorly .. Ae most hemispherical white median .. varicolor; Ricardo. .. vubicundus, Macq. Large brown or reddish brown . stantont, n. sp. Abdomen reddish brown, long, nar- .. indianus, 0. sp. Abdomen blackish brown with al- [Vou.1ve 50. Se 44. 45. 46. 1git.] G. Ricardo: Revision of the species of ‘Tabanus. I21 spots. Fore tibiae blackish. Legs and palpi blackish. Wings clear, tinged brown. Forehead about a third narrower anteriorly .. brunneus, Macq. 46. Forehead eight times longer than it is broad, the frontal callus not reaching eyes 47. Forehead ten times as long as it. is broad, the frontal callus 1 reaching eyes sé 48. 47. Abdomen dark reddish proven or eas dish yellow, with indistinct small greyish or yellow-haired median spots, often absent. Thorax black- ish with some yellowish grey tomentum. Fore tibiae pale on basal half. Wings slightly tinged with brown. Male with unequal facets on eyes ne ... fumtfer, Wik. Smaller species. Abdomen reddish brown with distinct bright yellow- haired median spots and similar lateral spots on the 2-5th seg- ments. Thorax blackish with greyish yellow tomentum . malayensis, n. sp. Larger species. Abdomen broad, reddish brown with indistinct median spots and some lighter segmentations. Thorax reddish with some grey tomentum. Wings nearly clear. Fore tibiae pale on basal two-thirds: Male with equal facets to eyes .. .. factiosus, W1k. 48. Abdomen reddish brown, median spots indistinct, small, whitish. Thorax reddish, thickly covered with ashy grey tomentum. Wings clear 7 . dissimilis, i. sp. 49. Abdomen and thorax fedaee Phiniie! neatly devoid of pubescence. Wings clear. Palpi ending in an acute point 33 .. tenobilis, Rondani., Abdomen and _ thorax reddish. Wings tinged yellowish brown. Palpi ending in an obtuse point .. nexus, WIk. 50. Red-brown species with the large median white spots on third and fourth segments of abdomen, and white spots on the lateral borders 122 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor..1V; of the first four et a Tibiae reddish .. .. Signijer, 7, WIk. Brown species with the same median spots, but with lateral white spots on the first two segments only. Tibiae white a .. significans, n. sp. 51. Abdomen reddish, the apex dull black with large black median spots on the second and third seg- CETUS 8 yo fuscomaculatus, n. sp. 52. Frontal callus square. ‘Small black species with white-haired median abdominal spots. Legs blackish, tibiae yellowish 3 .. leucopogon, Bigot. Frontal callus pear- shaped. Large reddish brown species, abdomen with median triangular spots. Legs reddish brown .. .. discrepans, n. sp. Group IX. 53. First posterior cell closed ats 54. First posterior cell not closed Si 55- 54. Large blackish species with narrow fulvous bands on abdomen .. servillet, Macq. 55. Abdomen blackish brown, the first two segments covered with grey tomentum ae .. crassus, & , WIk. 56. Forehead narrow, seven or eight times as long as it is broad. Fron- tal callus narrow with a lineal ex- tension. Black or brown species 57. Forehead broader, four or five times as long as it is broad. Frontal callus large with a stout, broad, or spindle-shaped extension ie 62. 57. Large black or brown species 2I mm. in length, with very narrow te bands on abdomen .. 58. Smaller blackish species, 15-17 mm. in length, with whitish bands on abdomen = oe 59. 58. Brown species. Scutellum and sides of thorax with pale tomentum. Legs blackish, tibiae obscurely reddish .. as .. alboscutatus, Bigot. Black species. Scutellum and sides with nosuch paletomentum. Legs black, tibiae yellowish white .. explicatus, Wik. 59. Forehead narrower anteriorly ie 60. IgtI.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 123 Forehead hardly narrower anterior- ly, but parallel z3 a 61. 60. Frontal callus large, reaching the eyes. Antennae, legs, and palpi wholly black. Wings clear or tinged smoky brown .. micobarensis, Schiner. Frontal callus narrow. Antennae and legs blackish. Palpi yellow. Wings brownish ase . justorius, Rondani. 61. Frontal callus narrow, not reachine eyes. Antennae and legs black: Palpi black, paler on _ insides. Wings faintly tinged brown .. khastensts, n. sp. 62. Brown or black species with whitish bands and spots on abdomen... 63. Reddish yellow species with whitish bands and spots on abdomen... 64. 63. Abdomen reddish brown or blackish brown with broad white bands and large triangular median spots. Palpi short and stout . sanguineus, W1k. Smaller species. Abdomen black with narrow white-haired seg- mentations and small triangular spots. Palpi slender .. oxyceratus, Bigot. 64. Abdomen reddish yellow, darker at apex, with narrow yellowish white segmentations and median spots. Legs black, tibiae yellowish .. orventis, Wik. Abdomen similar, but the last four segments are black .. .. fulvimedius, Wik. Smaller species. Abdomen similar to that of orentis. Legs wholly yellow .. ate .. consanguineus, Macq. GRouP X. 65. Black or brown species. Forehead narrower anteriorly, seven to ten times as long as it is broad a8 66. Large reddish yellow species from 20-24 mm. in length. Forehead six to ten times as long as it is proada. ree Dark reddish brown species from 18-22 mm. in length. Forehead seven to ten times as long as it is broad a 75. Reddish or reddish yellow species Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, from 16-19 mm. in length. Fore- head six to ten times as long as it is broad .. By, zi 706. Small species reddish, yellowish, brownish, or blackish, from 12-16 mm.in length. Forehead five to ten times as long as it is broad .. 79. . Thorax paler than abdomen with yellowish tomentum and_ pubes- cence a iy 67. Thorax not paler than abdomen eS. 68. . Dark brown or blackish species with yellowish brown thorax. Legs black, tibiae white. Wings tinged yellowish brown ui . birmanicus, Bigot. Reddish brown species with light yellow or greyish thorax. Legs black, tibiae white, middle and posterior femora yellowish. Wings brownish, clear at apex .. flavothorax, n. sp. . Wings yellowish brown, yellow on- fore border. Black species. Tho- rax with short red pubescence .. ténctothorax, n. sp Wings brownish or black. Brown or black species te 69. . First posterior cell of wings ieee Abdomen deep black .. nigrotectus, Bigot. First posterior cell not closed fe. 70. . Blue-black species. Thorax red at base. Antennae reddish brown. Posterior tibiae red at base .. caerulescens, Macq. Forehead almost parallel. Abdomen dull reddish brown with greyish blue tomentum. Antennae red- dish yellow, black at apex. Tibiae dull red or blackish. Beard and palpi black bis tenebrosus, Wk. Forehead narrower, not parallel .. pee . Abdomen blackish. Antennae red- dish yellow. ‘Tibiae dull reddish. Beard white and black. Palpi yellowish 5s .. peraktensis, n. sp. Abdomen dull blackish, conical. Antennae black. Tibiae black. Beard and palpi black .. inobservatus, 1. sp. 2. Forehead parallel, six times as long “NJ as it is broad : 73- Forehead narrower anteriorly, cight to ten times aslong asitis broad . 74. tgtt.] G. Rrcarpo: Revision of the spectes of Tabanus. 125 73. Broad-bodied reddish-yellow species. Antennae yellow. Legs reddish brown ... fulvissimus, Rondani. 74. Thorax brownish. Antennae reddish, the third joint black. Femora reddish brown .. wuventris, Wik. Thorax yellowish. Antennae, palpi and legs yellow aS. . flavissimus, 1. sp. 75. Abdomen reddish brown, cogered posteriorly with yellowish brown tomentum, and yellowish pubes- cence. Forehead seven times as long as itis broad. Beard white.. pauper, Rondani., Abdomen dull reddish brown with black pubescence. Forehead seven times aslongasitis broad. Beard brownish, scanty. Fore coxae with white hairs .. leucohirtus, n. sp. Abdomen dull reddish Grown with black pubescence. Forehead ten times as long’ +as’4t-is. broad: Beard brown, thick. Fore coxae with black hairs ap .. atrohirtus, 1. sp. 76. Forehead ten times as long as it is broad. Frontal callus long and narrow. Abdomen reddish yellow, darker atapex. Legs black, tibiae whitish at base Ke. .. pallidepectoratus , Bigot. Forehead six to seven times as long as it is broad a a IGE 77. Forehead narrowest at the vertex, abdomenreddish. Legs wholly red nigropictus, Macq. Forehead narrowest anteriorly a 78. 78. Abdomen narrow, reddish brown, under side with bands. ‘Thorax reddish. Legs black, tibiae white at base .. Joidus, Bigot. Abdomen conical, reddish vellow, the apex black, under side the same, Thorax blackish. Legs black, fore tibiae dull reddish yellow on basal half, others wholly so .. stamensts, 1. Sp. 79. Forehead five times as long as it is broad, narrower anteriorly. Fron- tal callus club-shaped. Small red- dish brown species. Palpi slender, hairy Pi . palpalis, Ricardo. Forehead five to six anes as long ¢ as it is broad, parallel or nearly so. 126 80. 8I. 82. 83. 84. 85 86. Records of the Indian Museum. Frontal callus oblong or club- shaped Forehead seven to ten times as long as it is broad, narrower anteriorly. Frontal callus long and narrow or oblong . sits a Yellow species. Thorax and scutel- lum covered with grey tomentum and yellow pubescence. Legs and antennae yellow. Palpi stout, end- ing in along fine point. Frontal callus yellowish, often indistinct. . Reddish brown species. Frontal callus reddish brown, always dis- tinct : che ee Thorax and _ scutellum blackish. Palpi slender, long. Antennae black at tip. Legs “black, tibiae reddish yellow Thorax and scutellum us asually red- dish. Palpi stouter. Antennae not black at tip Abdomen reddish brown, unicolor- ous. Legs reddish yellow, femora often darker Abdomen marked with grey tomen- tum, giving it the appearance of having zigzag indistinct bands. Legs blackish, tibiae yellowish Subcallus not bare, shining or tuber- Culous) ye: ; aa Subcallus bare, shining, tuber- culous Palpi stout. Femora black or reddish brown : Palpi slender. Femora yellowish . . ' Forehead two-thirds narrower anteri- orly than at vertex. Abdomen yellow, anteriorly rather trans- parent. Legs yellowish, fore legs darker ; Forehead one-third narrower an- teriorly than at vertex. Reddish brown or reddish yellow species .. Abdomen reddish brown. ‘Thorax blackish. Legs black, tibiae yel- lowish. Wings clear or ene tinged ; Thorax reddish yellow, ‘almost same colour as abdomen. Legs yellowish, flaviventris, Bigot. . diversifrons, n. sp. obconicus, WIk. . borniensis, Ricardo. . fuscicauda, Bigot. [Vor. IV, 80. 83. Si: 82. . subcinerascens, n. sp. 84. 88. 85. 87. 86. Tg1I.] G. Ricardo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 127 fore femora darker. Wings tinged vellow on fore border 87. Abdomen dusky reddish brown or reddish yellow. Forehead about a third narrower anteriorly than at vertex, frontal callus pear- shaped) <. Abdomen olive-colouréd. Forehead about half as narrow anteriorly as it is broad at vertex, frontal callus very narrow ae 88. Medium sized species. Abdomen yellowish with darker apex. Palpi vellow. Legs reddish yellow, the fore tarsi darker. Forehead seven times as long as it is broad 89. Small species. Legs black, tibiae white. Eyes with cross-bands go. Reddish brown or yellowish species. Beard white or yellow. Palpi usually pale. Forehead ten times as long as it is broad Black, sometimes reddish brown species. Beard black. Palpi black- ish. Forehead pu times as rae as it is broad 4 Group XI. THERIOPLECTES. gt. Forehead with two transverse calli. Subcallus bare and shining. Ab- domen black with white-haired bands. ; Forehead with one callus. Sub- callus not bare or shining g2. Frontal callus black, club- ape with spindle-shaped extension. Abdomen black, reddish yellow at sides of first two or three seg- ments. Palpi stout with short apex. Appendix usually present. Legs black and reddish yellow Frontal callus small, indistinct. Ab- domen blackish, only reddish on second segment. Palpi slender with long acute apex. No appen- dix to wing ie 2 93. Smaller species. Legs black and red- dish yellow . uniformis, n, sp. . subhirtus, Ricardo. . formostensis, a. sp. . tuberculatus, n. sp, go. . simplissimus, W1k. . ceylonicus, Schiner. . subcallosus, n. sp. . hirtus, Wik. 93. . wyvillet, n. sp. 128 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL 11V;,; Frontal callus broad, yellow. Abdo- men black, reddish yellow at sides. Palpi slender. No appendix to wing. Legs yellow .. .. albilateralis, Macq. Group I. Forehead with two callosities, the first one usually transverse, the second one smaller, irregular shaped, separated from each other, forehead broad, four to six times as long as it is broad. Small species g—14mm. Scutellumsame colour as thorax. Abdo- men not banded. Tabanus rarus, ? , 0. sp. (Pl: xiit, fig.-1.) Type @ from Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States, (H. C. Pratt), from London School of Tropical Medicine. A small species of unusual appearance, the abdomen being covered with grey tomentum and with long white pubescence. Subcallus shining. Legs black, all tibiae whitish with fringes of long white hairs, which are also present on the femora. Wings clear. Length 12 mm. ; Face covered with grey tomentum, and with long white pubes- cence. Beard white. Palpi yellow with white pubescence which is long below and short above. Antennae reddish yellow, the first two joints pale yellow with black pubescence, the third narrow at base with only an obtuse angle representing the tooth. Sub- callus shining, reddish yellow, furrowed in the middle. Forehead five times as long as it is broad, very slightly narrower anteriorly, covered with greyish yellow tomentum ; the frontal callus reddish yellow, reaching eyes, transverse, the median one black, irregu- larly heart-shaped, on the vertex appears another reddish brown small callus; some black hairs on forehead. Hind part of head with long white hairs. Thorax and abdomen black but appearing grey, being covered with dense grey tomentum, the thorax with whitish pubescence, shoulders reddish with grey tomentum and white hairs; breast and sides the same. Scutelium identical with thorax, fringed on its outer border with long white hairs. Abdomen has the white pubescence thickest on the last five segments; under side the same, but the pubescence slighter. Legs black, the coxae and femora with some grey tomentum, the fore tibiae white, black at their extreme apex, the other tibiae straight, slender, yellowish, the long white pubescence is thickest on the fore legs, on the tarsi the pubescence is black and short. Wzings clear, stigma yellow, veins pale brown. Igtt.] G. Ricarpo: Reviston of the species of Tabanus. 129 Tabanus hirtipalpis, 2 , n. sp. (Pixiit, fies: 2225 Type from Bichiakoh, Nepal; sent in Indian Museum col- lection, A small black species allied to Tabanus ceylonicus, Schiner, but at once distinguished from it by the wide forehead with two callosi- ties and the hairy palpi, and by the metatarsi being black. Length g mm. Face black covered with ashy grey tomentum and with long white hairs. Palpfi stout ending in a fine but short point, pale yellowish covered with grey tomentum, and with long white hairs at base and below, some few biack hairs visible on dorsum. Antennae reddish yellow, black at apex, the first two joints with black hairs, the third joint rather short with small tooth. Fore- head about four times as long as it is broad, slightly narrower anteriorly. Subcallus shining yellow, convex, divided by a narrow interval from the frontal callus which is black, transverse, not reaching the eyes, furrowed laterally ; beyond it appears, separated from it however, a small indistinct black callus; the forehead dark with brownish tomentum. Thorax and abdomen black, shining, the latter with very narrow yellowish red segmentations, some white hairs at sides and on under side. Legs black, the fore tibiae to apex, and the others wholly, yellowish white, fore coxae and all femora with some white hairs. Wangs hyaline, veins and stigma brownish yellow. Tabanus bicallosus, 7 2, Ricardo. (Pil aati fics 4) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), it1, p. 489 (1909). Type (o) from Pusa, Bengal. Type (@) and three other females from the same place. These specimens were sent to me for identification by Mr. F, M. Howlett from India. This small species might at first sight be taken for a small specimen of Tabanus striatus, Fabr., but is at once distinguished from it by the two separate calli of the forehead. It is very nearly allied to Tabanus gratus, Loew, which is distributed over South, Central, and West Africa, reaching up to Egypt, as I had a speci- men sent me from the Suez Canal. The wholly yellow legs, narrower median stripe of abdomen the same width throughout (in the African species it is wider on the third and fourth segments), and the prolongation of the thoracic stripes on to the scutellum, seem the only differences between the Indian and the African specimens. 130 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor IV, Black, with five grey stripes on the thorax and three on the abdomen. Legs and antennae yellowish. Wings clear. Length Io mm. 9. face covered with grey tomentum and with white pubes- cence. Beard white. Palpi greyish, withsome white hairs at base, and black hairs elsewhere, but these last are not very numerous. Antennae: the first joint yellow, the second and third red, tooth at base small. Forehead broad, quite a third narrower an- teriorly, and four times as long as it is wide, covered with yellow- ish brown tomentum and with some black pubescence; the frontal callus yellowish brown, nearly square, and almost reaching the eyes ; beyond it and sometimes connected by a very fine line is an irregular-shaped black or brownish callus isolated in the middle of the forehead. Eyes with three cross-bands. Thorax: the median stripe is linear, the other ones broad, sides of thorax greyish, with black pubescence. Scutellwm: the lateral stripes are continued here, leaving the centre blackish. Abdomen narrow, all three stripes reaching from the first to the sixth segment; sides grey, with white pubescence; under side covered with grey tomentum. Legs uniformly reddish yellow, only the tarsi a little darker ; the femora with grey tomentum and white pubescence. Wungs clear, the stigma and veins yellow. @. The male is identical. Eyes with large facets above ; the small ones on the lower third of eyes are continued round the head as a very narrow border. Group II. Forehead with two callosities, the first one usually transverse, the second one smaller, oblong, or irregular shaped, separated from each other ; forehead broad, four to six times as long as it is broad. Small species,9—14mm. Scutellum white or yellow haired. Abdo- men with white or yellow-haired bands. ‘Tibiae white, fore tibiae curved, and sometimes slightly incrassate. The species as yet described in this group are conferred to India, Assam, Burma and Federated Malay States. Tabanus flavicinctus, 2, n. sp. Type 2 from Shillong, Assam, in Howlett collection ; 2 other females from N. Khasi Hills, Lower Ranges (Chenneli collection), in the British Museum collection; and another female from the Nilgiris in Howlett collection. A species nearly allied to Tabanus leucocnematus, Bigot, but distinguished from it by the presence of narrow yellow-haired bands on every segment of abdomen except the first one. The sub- callus and palpi are yellowish, the latter with the long-haired pubes- cence yellow, the tibiae are yellowish, with the apices of the fore pair more widely black, and the white pubescence on them ro1r.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 131 and the coxae replaced by yellow. ‘The antennae are dark at the apices. The abdomen is a lighter reddish brown or reddish yellow. The wings are clear, with no appendix. The forehead is almost the same width throughout, and a little shorter, hardly more than four times as long as it is narrow. Length 9-10 mm. ; There is a female in the British Museum collection from N. Kanara, India (Bell), which appears to be the same species, but the middle callus of forehead is much narrower, and the forehead itself slightly narrower and anteriorly narrower. ‘The bands on the third and fourth segments are a little produced in the middle, but this is the case in some of the other specimens. Tabanus leucocnematus, ¢ , Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. de France, vii, p. 656 (1892). Type (now headless) @ , from India, is a faded denuded | speci- men which was evidently described by Bigot in this condition ; it would be impossible for anyone to verify the species from his des- cription in which he makes no mention of the pubescence on scutel- lum and on thorax so characteristic of this species and others in the group. Fortunately fresh specimens from Lushai Hills, Burma, in Dr. Kertesz’s collection and from Khasi Hills, Assam, in Mr. Howlett’s collection serve to clearly identify the species, and the following description is based on them. A small species dark brown in colour with two yellow pubes- cent bands on the abdomen, scutellum entirely covered with yellow pubescence, all tibiae white, wings tinged brown on the fore border. Length I0-IIt mm. Face covered with grey tomentum, a dark brown band is present on each side of the antennae, pubescence white, consisting of long hairs, beard white. Palpi stout, ending in a point, pubes- cent, appearing black but covered with dense grey tomentum, on the inside they are yellowish, the pubescence is white and long on the first joint, on the second short and black, with a few white hairs below and on apex. Antennae reddish yellow with a small tooth on third joint, the first two joints with black pubescence. Subeallus shining, brown or reddish brown, convex, furrowed in the middle, produced between the antennae, divided from the frontal callus by a narrow interval. Forehead about five times as long as it is narrow, and about a third narrower anteriorly, covered with grey tomentum and with two separate calli, the frontal callus almost square, furrowed in the middle, almost touching the eyes, the middle callus distinct from it in fresh specimens, 1s narrower and oblong, sometimes with a short linear extension, both blackish brown in colour. Thorax dark brown, on the anterior half covered with grey tomentum and with yellow appressed pubescence, on posterior half with black pubescence bordered with a fringe of yellow hairs; sides of thorax with long white hairs ; breast covered with grey tomentum, and with long white pubescence. Scutellum 132 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou..EVs chestnut-brown when denuded, butin fresh specimens covered with grey tomentum and with dense golden yellow pubescence of the same shade as that on the posterior border of thorax. Abdomen reddish brown, appearing darker with dense short black pubes- cence, on the third and fourth segments are wide bands of bright golden yellow pubescence, which also appears on the sides of the first two segments, and often as a narrow fringe on the posterior border of the sixth; under side with the yellow bands narrower but present on most of the segments, the second segment with white pubescence. Legs black, the knees, fore tibiae except at their apices, and the middle and posterior tibiae wholly, whitish, with white hairs, the fore coxae covered with grey tomentum and with white hairs, the others less distinctly so, the pubescence on femora thick, black; the fore tibiae are curved but hardly incrassate. Wings tinged with brown on the fore border as far as the third or fourth longitudinal vein, clearer at the apex, veins, stigma and costal border yellowish, short appendix present. Tabanus bicinctus, 9, n. sp. (Pl. xiii, fig: 52) Type @ and another from N. Kanara, S. W. India (Bell) ; others from Pahang, Perak and Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States (Pratt, Durham). A handsome black species with white-haired scutellum, white- haired bands on the third and fourth segments, whitish tibiae, and wings tinged brown on the fore border, distinguished from Tabanus leucocnematus, Bigot, by its colouring and by its more heavily fringed black femora. Length: type 18 mm., others ro—18 mm. Face covered with whitish tomentum and with long white hairs. A dark brown band extends between the eyes and the base: of the antennae, with dark pubescence. Beard white; thick. Palpz stout, ending in a point, yellowish but appearing grey on the outside, being thickly covered with grey tomentum and with short black pubescence, a few white hairs are visible chiefly at the base, and longer ones below. Antennae reddish yellow, the first two joints with black pubescence, the third joint with very small tooth crowned with a few black hairs, apex of joint darker. Subcallus shining, dark brown. Forehead about six times as long as it is broad, about one-third narrower anteriorly, covered with grey tomentum, the two calli the same colour as the subcallus, the frontal callus irregularly square, separated from the subcallus by a narrow inter- val, convex, furrowed in the middle, almost reaching the eyes ; the median callus is oblong and narrower, on each side of it and at the vertex the forehead is brownish. Thorax black, covered with an anterior band of grey tomentum and short whitish pubescence, and with a heavy white fringe of hairs on its posterior border; on the posterior dark part of dorsum the pubescence is black and dense. Scutellum covered with whitish IglI.] G. RicarDOo: Revtsion of the spectes of Tabanus. 133 grey tomentum and dense white pubescence. Breast with long white pubescence. Abdomen black, type with only the two white-haired bands, but on some of the other specimens narrow fringes of white hairs appear on the fifth and sixth segments, the rest of the dorsum with dense black pubescence, sides of first two segments with white hairs, black on the others ; under side similar, but the second seg- ment is covered with white pubescence. Legs black, tibiae white, but black at their apices, fore coxae with some long white hairs, and tibiae with white pubescence, else- where black, the femora with thick black fringes on each side. Wings tinged brown on the fore border as far as the third vein, less so on some specimens, veins and stigma brown, costal border vellow. Tabanus sexcinctus, ¢ , n. sp. Type,.a. temale from. Lushai Hills; Burma. (Capt: Ee Cz Macleod), sent by Dr. Kertesz for identification. A species nearly allied to Tabanus bicinctus, n. sp., but distin- guished by white bands on every abdominal segment except the first, and the under side is almost entirely covered with white pubes- cence. The wings are quite clear. The femora with grey tomen- tum, and some white hairs which are long and numerous on the fore pair, the thick black fringes not present. The palpi are more white haired. The forehead is almost the same width throughout, and a little broader, the frontal callus not reaching the eyes. The thorax appears less black, with no anterior white-haired band, but with some grey tomentum on the dorsum and black pubescence. TLength II mm. Group ILL Species with the callosities on forehead represented by two small calli separated from each other, both about the same size, usually round, small spots; distinguished by their Azylotus-like appearance (fu/vus group only) though the pubescence on eyes is often practically non-existent. So far the only species in this group from the Oriental Region are also common to the Palaearctic Region, and are represented by the typical Tabanus ditaeniatus, Macq., a South African species whose distribution is very wide, and Tabanus fulvus, Mg. (Atylotus). The identity of Tabanus agricola, Wied., recorded by Schiner as occurring at Hongkong, seems very doubtful; the species is not included in the table. Tabanus fulvus, 7 ¢? (Afylotus), Meigen. Syst. Beschreib., ii, 61, 40 (1820) (see Kertesz Cat. Dipt. iii, 1908, for authorities). 134 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOns IVE Atylotus bituberculatus, Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. de France, v, 659 (1892). Bigot gives China with a query as the locality for his type, which is identical with Meigen’s species. In British Museum collection are two females from Chinkiang Yangtze River, China (B: G. Tours); and another from China is in the Kertesz collection, so that the range of the species to the east coast of China and within the line of the Oriental Region is well established. The type of Tabanus hoang, 2? , Macq., Dipt. exot., Suppl. v, p. 46 (1855), is apparently lost as, though the label is existent among the Bigot types lent me by Mr. Verrall, there are no speci- mens which answer to the description given by Macquart, in which he says it is related to Tabanus fulvus, Mg.; it was possibly identical with this latter, judging from the description. In any event it may now be deleted from the list of Tabanus. Tabanus ditaeniatus, 7 9? Macquart. Dipt,-exot., 1,.(2),.Ps5304 (1838). -Walker,) Lists. Dipt.; vs pp: 236,. 355, (1854); Bezzix Ann; Mus. Civ.. Genovas (2), xii (xxxii), p. 184 (1892) ; Austen, Report Gordon Memorial College (1906), p. 57, fig. 22; td., African Blood-Sucking Flies, p. £18, pl. xi, fig. 82 (1909). Tabanus pyrrhus, Walker, Dipt. Saund., i, p. 47, pl. i, figs. 4, 3 (1850). | Tabanus bipunctatus, v. d. Wulp, Notes Leyden Museum, vii, p. 75, pl. v, fig. 5 (1885). Atvlotus nigromaculatus, Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), vi, p- 165 (1900); Newstead, Ann. Tropical Medicine, 1907, Pp. 44. The type was recorded ;by Macquart from Mauritius; it is a common species in South Africa; Coquiilet records. it from Japan as Tabanus...pyrrhus,—see Proc. U. States Mus., xxi, p. 311 (1898); as may be seen from the localities given below, it has a-wide distribution ranging from Africa to India, China and Japan. In Indian Museum coll. and Howlett coll. are specimens from Perso-Baluchistan Frontier; Pusa; Belgatchia, Calcutta, in Bengal; Madras Coast; Umballa, N. W. India; Balighai in Orissa, S. E. Bengal. In Brit. Mus. coll. specimens from Wei Hai Wei, China ; “ biting cows”’ (Muat). A greyish yellow species, the abdomen yellowish with a black- ish brown broad median, and narrow lateral stripes, on the median one appear greyish yellow tomentose triangular spots, the lateral stripes do not reach the sides of abdomen and ‘at apex coalesce with the median stripe; the abdomen often varies in appearance Igii.] G. Ricardo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 135 the yellowish ground colour not always being very apparent. Antennae and legs yellowish. Length 11—14 mm. ‘Tabanus agricola, 9, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 556 (1828); Schiner, Reise Novara Dipt., p. 82 (1868). Ashy grey: sides and segmentations of abdomen, antennae and legs luteous: Jength 6 lines, @.. From Red Sea. It is somewhat similar to Tabanus rusticus, Fabr.. Antennae yellow (the last joint wanting). Palpi very pale yellow. Beard yellowish white. Face and forehead mouldy grey. Thorax appears as if covered with ashy grey tomentum because it has whitish pubescence on the black-grey ground colour. Abdomen clay-yeilow on the sides, and more narrowly so on the hind borders of the segments, so that not much remains of the black-grey ground colour on each segment. Under side almost yellow. Dorsum and under side with white pubescence. Wings colourless with yellow veins. Legs clay-yellow; the anterior tibiae at the base inside, all tarsi, but the posterior tarsi only at the apex, brownish black. (Rtippel in the Frankfort Museum.) Wied., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 556. Wiedemann’s description fits a male and two females from Hongkong so well that I am induced to refer them to this species, and add the following particulars to complete the description :— The antennae are pale red-yellow, the first and second joint short, not produced above and with few hairs, the third somewhat deeper in colour, slightly incised above, so that the angle projects but little. The femora have tolerably thick but extremely short whitish pubescence ; the fore tibiae brownish black at the apex (Wiedemann says, no doubt by mistake, brownish black at the base, which is contrary to the usual colouring of species of Tabanus). Wings quite clear, the first posterior cell wide open, an appendix present. Eyes of male very large and convex: they join completely on the forehead. Everything else as described by Wiedemann ; the correctness of the identification is chiefly corro- borated by the allusion to the similarity of the species with Tabanus rusticus, Fabr. (Schiner, Reise Novara Dipt., p. 82). From the comparison with Tabanus rusticus, 1,., nec Fabr. (Atylotus), itis to be presumed this species has two small calli on forehead. Tabanus rusticus has not yet been recorded from Asia. It seems probable that the specimens Schiner identified from Hongkong as Tabanus agricola, Wied., belonged to Tabanus ditae- niatus, Macq. Group IV. A small group of species, at once distinguished by the absence of callosities on the forehead, which'is broad, from four to five times 136 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, as long as it is wide. In old or denuded specimens it occasionally appears as if a frontal callus were present. Species from 74 to 13 mm. in length. Tabanus erythrocephalus, Wulp, from Halmaheira Island, and Tabanus leucopterus, Wulp, from Aru Island, in the Australian Region, appear to belong to this group. Tabanus virgo, 2 o, Wiedemann. Anal. Entomol., 22 (1824); 7d., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 184 (1828). Tabanus albulus, 9 @, Walker, Dipt. Saund., i, p. 46 (1850). Tabanus puella, 7, Walker, l.c., p. 53. Types of Tabanus albulus, male and female, from India (Saunders coll.). Type of Tabanus puella, male, from India (Saunders coll.). A male from Mysore (H. K. Slater). In Indian Museum coll. Speci- mens from Calcutta and Pusa, Bengal. The Wiedemann type came from East India. Slaty grey with red-yellow antennae and a twofold white spotted abdomen. Length 4—4} lines, 7 9°. Antennae bright rusty yellow; face rather grey haired. Palpi very light yellow. Beard white. Forehead light yellowish green without a callus or line. In the male it is ochre-yellow behind the antennae. Thorax slaty grey, very faintly white striped, the median line extremely narrow. The shoulders and posterior sides of thorax almost chamois-leather colour. Breast sides whitish. Abdomen slaty grey with narrow yellowish white-haired segmenta- tions: on each segment two white-haired roundish spots. Wings very hyaline with ochre-yellow veins and halteres. Legs ochre- yellow with almost chamois-leather coloured femora. In the Royal Museum. Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 184. This small species is easily recognized by the unmarked fore- head and very pale wings, yellow antennae and legs and spotted ab- domen. The female specimens above mentioned vary from 9—II mm. One male only measures 74 mm. The description given by Wiedemann of the colour of the abdomen only applies to very fresh specimens, the grey colour being caused by the grey tomentum covering the abdomen, viewed best from behind ; the ground colour of the abdomen is greyish brown, rusty coloured at the sides of the first three or four seg- ments, the pubescence black, but white onthe spots and seg- mentations ; under side lighter with white pubescence, darker at the apex. The thorax is blackish brown covered with grey tomen- tum and with some appressed fulvous hairs, the stripes hardly visible. The forehead is about five times as long as it is wide, and a third narrower anteriorly, yellowish, showing no callus when fresh , if denuded one is sometimes visible. Antennae reddish yel- low, the first two joints pale yellow. Face ashy grey with white rgiI.] G. RIcARDO: Reviston of the spectes of Tabanus. 137 pubescence. Beard white. The palpi very pale yellow, stout at base, ending in a point. The male has the abdomen more reddish in colour, darkening at the apex. Large facets of the eyes very distinctly divided from the small ones, which take up barely a third of the eye and reach the vertex as a very narrow border. Tabanus nemocallosus, 2? , Ricardo. (RIS xin figs6,) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), ili, p. 4g0 (1909). Type @ and another female from Pusa, Bengal, in Howlett coll. A medium-sized species, distinguished by the rather broad forehead, not narrower anteriorly, and with no callus or spots. Abdomen blackish brown marked with greyish yellow median and lateral spots. Length 13 mm. Face and forehead covered with greyish tomentum, the former with white pubescence. Beard scanty, white. Palpi yellowish white with white pubescence, stout ending in a short point. Antennae reddish yellow, the first two joints pale yellow, the third with hardly any tooth. J orehead barely three times as long as itis broad. Thorax, scutellum and abdomen blackish brown, the former with five distinct greyish yellow stripes, the dorsum with some grey tomentum and with appressed pale fulvous pubescence ; scutellum with the same and with grey tomentum. Abdomen with an almost continuous median stripe tormed of grey tomentose narrow, triangular spots, and with irregular-shaped, roundish, grey tomentose spots on the sides, the pubescence on these, short, pale fulvous, some black pubescence on the dark parts, the sides of the first two or three segments pale reddish, under side lighter, covered with grey tomentum. Legs pale yellowish red, the tarsi brown, the pubescence white on femora and tibiae, black on the tarsi. Wings hyaline with brown veins and yellow stigma. a long appendix on branch of third vein. Tabanus negativus, ” ?,n. sp. Type ~, type 2, from Formosa, in Dr. Kertesz’s coll. In Brit. Mus. coll. one female from Hongkong very much mutilated. A species allied to Tabanus nemocallosus, Ricardo, but distin- guished from it by the absence of spots on the abdomen and of stripes on the thorax. Wings with no appendix, veins pale yellow. Length of female type 13 mm.; of male specimens 114-12} mm. 9. Face, beard, and antennae the same as in the above- mentioned species. Palpi pale yellow, the same shape, but with 138 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, black pubescence. forehead with no callus; almost parallel, about four times as long as itis broad. Thorax and abdomen uniformly covered with greyish yellow tomentum, through which the dark ground colour hardly appears, and with thick short pale yellow pubescence on the dorsum of abdomen, on the thorax it is less thick and replaced chiefly by black pubescence anteriorly, shoulders the same colour. Breast rather greyer with white pubescence. Under side of abdomen similar but almost devoid of pubescence. Legs pale reddish yellow, the apices of fore tibiae and the tarsi blackish, the other tarsi more or less brown, pubescence pale yellow on the coxae and femora, chiefly black elsewhere. Wings clear, the veins very pale yellow and stigma hardly noticeable, no appendix. @. Similar ‘Ge in some of the specimens, owing probably to denudation, black median markings or a black median stripe appear. Abdomen with very little yellow pubescence, almost bare. Eyes large, convex, the large facets occupying fully two-thirds of the surface of eyes, the small ones reaching to the vertex as a narrow border. Palipi pale yellow with yellow pubescence and black pubescence on apex. Frontal triangle and subcallus coloured alike. GROUP V. Species with wings spotted or banded. Forehead with one square, narrow, or oblong callus, always prolonged towards the vertex as a more or less narrow line; five to ten times as long as itis broad. Species from 9—2I mm. in length. Tabanus javanus, 2, Fabr. Syst. Antl., 103, 46 (1805); Wied., Dipt. exot., p. 93 (1821); id., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 183 (1828). Thorax striped; abdomen with white triangular dorsal spots, wings spotted. Smaller than the preceding species (Tabanus vittatus and longicorms). Head white haired. Thorax brown, with white stripes. Abdomen brown, with a large triangular spot on the dorsum of each segment. Body pale, darker at the apex. Wings hyaline, with five black spots. Legs testaceous. From Java, Pabr., Syst. Antl.; p. 103. The species is unknown to me. Wiedemann redescribed it in Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 183, as follows: Thorax black, white striped, the sides rusty yellow, abdomen brown, ferruginous at the sides, with triangular white median spots; wings spotted with brown, 44 lines ¢ , from Java. The whole head reddish white. Beard white. Forehead with a chestnut-brown smooth stripe, widening below into a broad callus. Dorsum’ of thorax with three whitish lines, the sides almost rgit.]| \G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 139 chamois-leather coloured behind the usual. seam, with a small black stripe; breast sides almost chamois-leather coloured ; scutellum black. Abdomen on the first segment brown, rusty. brown on the sides, the second one at the base with an interrupted whitish band and another more wavy one at the apex; from the middle of it the triangular spot proceeds, the third to the sixth each with the same shaped whitish band at the apex and larger triangular spots; on the seventh the border is hardly whitish ; the three last’ segments are not at all rusty yellowish ; under side almost chamois-leather coloured, brownish towards the apex, with whitish segmentations. Wings almost hyaline, stigma and four spots brown. Legs reddish; tarsi gradually brown. ‘The fore legs are wantingin the single specimen in Fabricius’s collection. A very denuded specimen in the Leyden: Museum is of a deep pure brown colour, with no trace of the stripe and spots of abdomen, only the segmentations are yellowish white. Tabanus optatus, 2 , Walker. Proc. Linn. Soc., i, p. III, 33 (1856). Tabanus alboscutatus, 2, Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova vii, p. 456 (1875). Tabanus equestris, 7 @, v. d. Wulp, Notes Leyden Museum, Wil P77, 34, Diav, 112. 0/1885). Walker’s type, 2, came from Sarawak, Borneo (Saunders coll.); another female in Brit. Mus. coll. from Kajoe-Tanan, Sumatra (Dr. Hagen), and a male from India (Saunders coll.). In Indian Museum coll. a female from Belgatchia, Bengal. On comparison of one of the Brit. Mus. coll. specimens with the type of Tabanus alboscutatus, the identity of the two species was at once established. Rondani’s type also came from Borneo. From van der Wulp’s description and figure of wing there is no doubt he was describing the same species, and his description, as being the best one, is given below. Reddish, face and palpi pale yellow; eyes naked ; antennae with the third joint darker; abdomen with triangular dorsal white spots; the anterior legs and all femora brownish; wings at the base and a median band brownish, 7, @. Length 15°5—17 mm. Face yellowish white; beard of the same colour ; palpi pale ochraceous ; front rufous, in the 9 moderately broad, with a brown cordiform spot extending upwards ina line. Eyes bare, in the @ reddish bronze above, with large facets ; below for a third part and on the outward borders blackish, with much smaller facets, even after having been moistened no trace of cross-bands is to be seen. Antennae ochraceous ; third joint infuscated, rather slender and on its upper side with a triangular tooth. ‘Thorax, scutellum and abdomen rufous, the thoracic dorsum a little infus- cated, with indistinct stripes; hind margin of the scutellum 140 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOLEEV; greyish ; last segments of the abdomen darker ; their hind margins yellowish, with small triangular, white, dorsal spots; on the under surface the pale margins of the segments are broader. Legs and halteres fulvous; the femora and the whole front legs fuscous. Wings at the base brownish yellow, in the middle with a rather broad brownish cross-band, which issues on the stigma and em- braces the discal cell, but does not quite reach the hind margin ; the costal cell is yellow. This species seems to be not uncommon in the Sunda Islands ; it is represented in the Leyden Museum by a ¢ from Sumatra (v. Lansberge), 2 2 from Java (Blume and Ludeking) and 4 ¢ from Borneo (Muller) ; it was along time ago designated in the collection by the late Mr. Snellen van Vollenhoven under the name equestvis,n.sp., without having been described. The speciesis related to my species Tabanus pictipennts (Tijd. v. Ent., xi, p. 100, 1868), the name of which having been used before, is changed by Osten Sacken into Tabanus vanderwulpi (Berlin Ent. Zeit., xxvi, p. 97, 1882); it differs, however, by its fulvous posterior legs, its more slender antennae, the third joint of which is darker, and by the pattern of the wings, showing instead of two cross-bands, but a single one which passes over the discal cell. Notes Levden Museum, vii, p. 77, 31, pl: v, fig. 6, 1885. Tabanus pictipennis is the same as Tabanus flexilis, Walker, a species from Celebes, but not the same as Tabanus vandcrwulpr. The forehead against the general rule is slightly wider anteriorly, about a third, and is five and a half times as long as it is wide, the frontal callus small, pear-shaped, with a linear extension. The legs have the fore tibiae obscurely reddish yellow on their basal half, the extreme apices of other tibiae and all tarsi blackish. The cross- band of wing in the description, said not to reach the hind border of discal cell, does so in the figure and in these specimens. Tabanus non-optatus, @ , n. sp. Type o from Purneah District, in Indian Museum coll. Type @ from unknown locality and two males in Brit. Mus. coll. from unknown locality. This species is very nearly allied to Tabanus optatus, Walker. The female type is so similar to the male type, and the two males identical with latter, that I think it is safe to assume that the speci- mens with no locality specified came from India or an adjacent region, especially as the species with banded wings are not very numerous in the African or Oriental Region, and probably not in any fauna. This species is distinguished from the Walker species by the almost wholly yellowish abdomen, only becoming darker on the last two or three segments, and the pale spots are larger, more triangular in shape, the abdomen is longer and more conical in shape, and the forehead in the female is not narrower at the 1giI.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. I4I vertex. Length of male type 14 mm., of female type 19 mm., the other males 17—19 mm. 9. Face covered with greyish tomentum, pubescence and beard whitish. Palpi yellow with longer slender point, and a few black hairs. Antennae reddish yellow, the first two joints with some black hairs, the third broad at base, deeply incised, with a distinct tooth. Subcallus and forehead same colour as face, the latter with some black pubescence, almost parallel, about five times as long as it is broad; the frontal callus reddish brown, almost square, not reaching the eyes, posteriorly narrower with a short lineal extension. Thorax dull chamois-leather coloured, with some greyish tomentum, no stripes visible, a few yellowish and black hairs visible on dorsum, shoulders pale reddish with black pubescence; breast covered with grey tomentum and with greyish white pubescence, tufts of white hairs round base of wing; scutellum same colour as thorax, but with whitish grey tomentum on its posterior border. Abdomen reddish yellow, black at apex, the spots most distinct in the second, third and fourth segments, pubescence black but very scanty and short, the segmentations somewhat lighter ; under side similar with more distinct white segmentations. Legs blackish, the tibiae reddish with black pubescence, the pubescence on femora white and on coxae, which latter are covered with grey tomentum, tarsi reddish brown with black pubescence. Wings with a dark band across the middle of wing, similar to that of Tabanus optatus. @. Similar, the thorax rather darker in colour. The eyes with large facets on upper part, the small ones attaining the vertex as a narrow border. Tabanus flexilis, 7 @ , Walker. Proc. Lirfh. Soc., iv, p. 104 (1860) ; v, p. 104 (1861). Tabanus pictipenms, 2, v.d. Wulp, Tijd. v. Entom., xi p. 100, pl. iti, figs. 1, 2 (1868); nec vanderwulpi, Osten Sacken. Tvpe o@ from Celebes. b] Type @ from Macassar, Celebes (A. R. Wallace), and others from Manado, Celebes, all in Brit. Mus. coll. This species, though as yet only recorded from Celebes, is included here owing to the great similarity to it of Tabanus vanderwulpi, Osten Sacken, from the Philippines. From the figure and the description of van der Wulp’s there is no doubt he was redescribing a specimen identical with Walker’s species, both from the same locality. His description is given, as it is sufficient for identification, of the female only however, as he did not know the male. 9. Ochraceous. Forehead very narrow witha blackish median line; eyes naked; antennae testaceous; the anterior margins of the abdominal segments brown; legs blackish; wings with two 142 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL LV brown bands; costal border testaceous. 9 8? lines. PI. iii, figs. 1 and 2. Head ochre-yellow, below with some coloured pubescence; the forehead very narrow, stripe shaped, with a black median line hardly broader below. Eyes naked, bronze coloured, without markings. Antennae cinnamon-brown, the first joint ending in a point, above the second very short, prolonged above in a thorn-like point, the third moderately incised above. Palpi’ ochre-yellow. Thorax and scutellum blackish with ochre-yellow tomentum and on the breast sides with conspicuous ochre-vellow pubescence. Abdomen black-brown, with thick pale ochre-yellow almost golden yellow tomentum, which leaves the fore borders of the segments tolerably wide, so that cross-bands more or less darker are formed, somewhat broader at the sides. Legs black, the coxae the same colour as the abdometi, and the ground colour of the femora becomes more or less modified owing to the rather thick ochre- yellow pubescence. Halteres yellow. Wings with greyish ground colour and black-brown veins; the base and the marginal cell brown-yellow; a brown shadow lies across the transverse veins, which forms a narrow half zigzag band in the middle of the wing, and on the jast third of the wing appears a broad brown cross- band, which stretches from the fore border at the ending of the first vein to the upper branch of the third longitudinal vein; this band, which becomes paler on the posterior border, is rounded on the inside and outside towards the apex of wing notched triangu- larly, the angle of the third vein has no appendix; the first posterior cell is closed at the border with a short stalk. Celebes (Rosenberg). v.d. Wulp, Tijd. v. Entom., xi, p. 100. In Walker’s type the abdomen is brownish black, but the yellow bands are covered with yellow pubescence, besides tomen- tum ; the under side is more yellow with whitish segmentations, blackish at the apex. Legs black, the fore tibiae at the base obscurely yellowish, the hind tibiae obscurely reddish yellow, the pubescence on coxae and femora yellow with grey tomentum, black on the tibiae and tarsi, the hind tibiae with black fringes. Forehead is barely more than half as wide anteriorly as it is at vertex and about ten times as long as it is broad, the frontal! callus very narrow, pear-shaped, with lineal extension. Length of female type 19 mm., the other 16 mm. @”. Eyes with equal facets. Face and subcallus with yellow- ish grey tomentum and yellowish white hairs. Beard the same. Palpi yellow with yellow hairs and a few black ones at the apex. Antennae reddish yellow, the first two joints pale yellow, with black hairs, the third long and slender with a small tooth, slightly dusky at tip. Abdomen more yellow than in female, the darker bands only beginning on the fifth segment, the segmentations narrowly whit- ish, the under side identical. Wangs with the first posterior cell narrowed at opening. Length of type 16mm., of others Ig mm. Igtr.]| G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of ‘Tabanus. 143 Tabanus vanderwulpi, 2 o, Osten Sacken. Berlin. Ent. Zeit., xxvi, p. 97 (1882); nec pictipennis, V. d. Wulp. One female in Brit. Mus. coll. from the Philippines. This species is very nearly related to Tabanus flexilis, W1k. Osten Sacken thought it identical with Tabanus pictipennis, v. d. Wulp (which is undoubtedly the same as the Walker species), and renamed it as above, the first name being preoccupied. His re- production of van der Wulp’s description is not given here as he made additions to it to suit his specimens from the Philippines, I v and4 2. Judging from the specimen in the Brit. Mus. coll. the female differs from Tabanus flexilis, Wlk., in the following particulars :— Antennae black at apex. Forehead about half as wide an- teriorly as it is at the vertex and fully ten times longer than it is broad, the frontal callus longer and narrower, very little wider than its lineal extension. Abdomen brownish red with the yellow posterior bands narrower, produced inthe middle as triangular spots, but the under side is darker with black and yellow bands. Legs black or dark brown with black pile as Osten Sacken des- cribes, but in this specimen the femora have some yellow hairs, the fore coxae same colour as breast. Length 21 mm. @. According to Osten Sacken’s description the eyes have large and small facets very sharply divided. Group VI. Forehead with one square or narrow or oblong callus, always prolonged towards the vertex as a more or less narrow line, usually nine to ten times as long as it is broad (in Tabanus auriflamma Wlk., however, it is much broader). Large species, 18-23 mm. in length, with the wings coloured brown or yellow or both, usually clear at extreme apex and sometimes in the discal cell, never forming regular bands. Tabanus speculum, Wik., trom Celebes will belong to this group. Tabanus pratti, 2, n. sp. d Type @ in Brit. Mus. coll. from Kelanton, Malacca (pur- chased from H. Rolle, 1904); and another female from Sarawak (A. R. Willington, 1908). Presented London School ‘Tropical Medicine coll. In the latter collection is one female from Batu Tiga, Selangor (Pratt). This very handsome black species is distinguished by the bright orange-red pubescence on face and sides of breast ; the beard is also the same colour. Abdomen black with white-haired bands at sides. Wings dark brown. ‘Tibiae white at base. Length of type 24 mm., the other female 23 mm. 144 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOE..LV. Face thickly covered with bright orange-red pubescence, the hairs in middle of face and a tuft at sides rather more golden yellow, a few brown hairs are visible on cheeks bordering the eyes, and a tuft-like fringe between the antennae and the eyes. Beard orange-red, thick. Palfi dull reddish, appearing black by reason of the thick black pubescence, stout, almost the same width throughout. Antennae red, the first two joints covered with black hairs, the third large, broad, the last four divisions forming hardly a fourth of the whole iength; the tooth is represented only by a very slight angie indeed. Subcailus blackish, covered with reddish brown tomentum. fovehead darker, narrow, about nine times as long as it is broad, and a third narrower anteriorly; frontal callus black, shining, long and narrow, almost reaching the eyes with a long stout linear extension. Thorax, scutellum and abdomen dull black- ish brown, covered with close black pubescence, on the shoulders and sides of thorax it is longer ; breast with dense orange-red long pubescence ; in the centre it is nearly bare, covered with reddish brown tomentum. Abdomen with white-haired segmentations on all! the segments but the first, thickest at the sides, hardly ever reach- ing the centre but usually represented on the median line by a few scattered white hairs ; the type itself is denuded and only shows the white bands on the second and third, the segmentations under the white pubescence at sides only, appear golden yellow, sides of ab- domen with thick tuft-like black pubescence ; under side black with white-haired segmentations. Legs black with black pubescence, the tibiae white on the basal half with white pubescence, but black at the extreme base. Wungs a dark rich brown, a clear streak is visible in the costal cell below stigma, another in the marginal cell, the discal cell is whollv clear, the extreme apex, the basal cells and posterior border much paler if not quite clear, veins and stigma blackish brown, first posterior cell a little narrowed at opening. Squamae brown. Halteres brown, the club at apex yellow. It is named after the gentleman who has enriched the London School of Tropical Medicine and Brit. Mus. coll. with a considerable number of specimens from the Malay Archipelago. Tabanus fuscicornis, 2 , n. sp. Type ¢? in Brit. Mus. coll. from Punkio, Formosa (A. E. Wileman, 19090). This species is nearly allied to Tabanus pratti, n. sp., in colouring, but is at once distinguished by the black antennae and black palpi and by the more hyaline wings, quite clear at apex. Length 17 mm. Face brownish yellow, paler at base, with a few black hairs, the bright orange-red pubescence is here confined to the beard. Palpi blackish with black pubescence more pointed than in I. pratt. Antennae wholly black, the first two joints with black pubescence, the third broad at base with a perceptible 1gtI.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 145 tooth. Subcallus brown. Forehead ashy grey, narrow, the same width throughout and about seven times as long as it is broad, the frontal callus black, almost the same width through- out, to within a short distance of the vertex, very similar to that of T. pratti. Thorax and scutellum in this species bluish black, with ashy grey tomentum, devoid of pubescence on dor- sum, sides with long black hairs; breast with similar orange-red pubescence to that of T. pratti. Abdomen black with median white-haired spots, the segmentations white-haired at the sides only, pubescence on dorsum black; under side black with white segmentations. Legs black with black pubescence, some yellow hairs on the fore coxae and yellow tomentum on the others. Wings marked with dark rich brown colouring, most intense on fore border and across middle of wing, leaving the discal cell how- ever clear, and not extending beyond the base of fork of third vein, so that the apex is wholly clear, posterior border almost wholly clear, veins and stigma blackish, no appendix present. Halteres brown. Tabanus nephodes, 2? , Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 656 (1892). [Atvlotus.] Type (female) recorded from India; a label is affixed to it with “‘Naga Hills,’ which are on the Burma-Assam boundary. There is another female in the Indian Mus. coll. from Sibsagar, Assam, so that the habitat of this species is probably in these regions. A dark reddish brown species with indistinct grey tomentose bands and median spots on the abdomen. Legs reddish brown. Wings deeply tinged yellowish brown, with the first posterior cell closed. Antennae yellow. Forehead very narrow. Length of type 21 mm., the other female is Ig mm. Face red, covered with grey tomentum, above near the antennae and the subcallus with more yellowish brown tomentum, the pubescence brown, on the lower part of the face the pubescence is white. Beard of long white hairs. Palpi yellow with black pubescence, long, slender, not much stouter at base, ending in an obtuse point. Avntennae reddish yellow, the first two joints with black pubescence, the third blackish at its apex with a few hairs, at the base broad, with a small tooth crowned with some black hairs. Forehead reddish, covered with grey tomentum, about ten times as long as it is broad, almost reduced to half its width anteriorly, the frontal callus reddish, very narrow, cylindrical, with long, raised lineal extension ; the callus is hardly wider than this last. Thorax and abdomen reddish brown, the former with grey tomentum, sides reddish yellow, shoulders with black hairs; breast blackish, covered with greyish white tomentum, pubescence probably white. Scwtel- fum similar to the thorax. Abdomen with grey tomentose bands on the first four segments about a third of the width of segment ; on the 146 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL Lvs last three the segmentations are very narrowly lighter, hardly per- ceptible; there are traces of median white-haired spots with a ground-work of grey tomentum on the second to fifth segments ; pubescence otherwise seems black, but on the sides of the first four segments there are white hairs; under side similar with white hairs on the segmentations. All the specimens are more or less denuded. Legs reddish brown, the fore tibiae at extreme base and the middle pair appear reddish yellow, fore coxae with grey tomentum and some white hairs, femora also with a few, other- wise the pubescence is black. Wings with almost a dark band, the dark brown colouring extending from the upper end of the stigma to the apex on fore border, but not reaching much beyond the branch of third vein, leaving the apex clear, extending across the wing towards posterior border over the upper border of discal cell, shading the veins proceeding from the cell and graduaily fading away ; costal border and stigma yellow, base of wing with a faint yellow tinge, veins yellow, brown on upper half, the first pos- terior cell closed, appendix present. Tabanus albofasciatus, ?, n. sp. Type ° from Shillong, Assam, sent in Indian Mus. coll. A large brown species, distinguished by the pale greyish basal band on scutellum, in this respect allied to Tabanus albocostatus, Bigot, but with the posterior cell very much narrowed at its open- ing on border. The abdomen has narrow white tomentose bands. Wings yellowish on basal half, brown on apical half. Legs black. Length 21 mm. Face covered with yellowish tomentum and with some pale yellowish hairs. Beard yellow. Palpi yellow with black pubes- cence, large, ending in a fairly acute point, antennae bright red, dusky at apex, the first two joints pale yellow with black pubes- cence, the third wide at the base with a prominent tooth. Fore- head with tomentum a little darker than that of the face, about nine times as long as it is broad and barely half as wide anteriorly as it is at vertex. Frontal callus long and narrow with lineal ex- tension. Thorax brown, reddish yellow at the sides with golden yellow hairs at base of wings, black hairs on the shoulders, dorsum of thorax with traces of short golden yellow pubescence anteriorly ; breast covered with greyish yellow tomentum and with yellow pubescence, some black hairs intermixed. Scutellum brown but the basal two-thirds covered with grey tomentum. Abdomen blackish brown with greyish white narrow tomentose bands on the first five segments, the first one does not extend beyond the sides, traces of white pubescence on them, otherwise the pubescence on dorsum where present is black ; under side identical. Legs blackish brown, the femora with some yellowish brown tomentum below, pubescence black. Wings yellowish as far as the apex of discal cell, more intensely so on fore border, apex brown extending to Igit.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 147 the fourth posterior cell but the second submarginal cell is almost wholly clear. The type is not in very good preservation but is too distinct a species to be confused with others, though it is allied to Tabanus jotdus, Bigot, in colour of wings and shape of antennae and forehead; the palpi are however larger and broader, and the wings have no appendix, the posterior cell open at border though very narrow. Tabanus basalis, 2? , Macquart. Dipt=-exot..5 £. (1); ‘p.230°.(1838) evan, der Waulp,: Notes Leyden Museum, vii, p. 72, 26 (1885). Black. Scutellum and basal segments of the abdomen ferru- ginous. Wings yellow at the base, brown at the apex. Length 8 lines. From East India. M. Marc. Museum. Face and forehead brown, this latter narrow, especially an- teriorly, with a raised line and a small anterior callus, blackish. Antennae brownish testaceous, the third joint elongated, with a very short tooth, the last divisions brown. ‘Thorax brown; sides, outer border and scutellum pale ferruginous. Abdomen with the first two segments pale ferruginous, transparent, with light whitish reflections ; the others shining black. Iegs blackish; tibiae yellow- ish black at the apex. Wings on anterior half yellowish and pos- teriorly of a light brown. Macq., Dipt. exot., i (I), p. 130. Two females from Sumatra (V. Lansberge). In the most essential points they agree with the description. There are how- ever some disagreements to be mentioned. Ist. According to the description the third and following seg- ments of abdomen ought to be shining black ; in my specimens the colour of these segments is fuscous and rather dull; moreover the livid margins of segments show remains of a white hair-fringe ; the under surface is wholly fuscous and there the white fringe is com- piete, even on the second segment. and. According to Macquart the legs are blackish, the tibiae yellow with black tips; this may be the truth in regard to the front legs ; in the posterior ones, however, I find the tibiae brown and not darker at the end. This species may be easily recognised by the light brownish yellow colour of the first two abdominal segments, on account of which it resembles more or less the N. American Tabanus cinctus, Fabr. The eyes are bare, reddish bronze, without cross- bands, even after having been moistened, and with very small facets all over. V. der Wulp, Notes Leyden Museum, vii, Darya: Type in Paris Museum seen by me, has the first posterior cell of the wing closed, a fact not mentioned by Macquart or V. der Wulp. The abdomen is elongated, the first two segments livid, the remaining ones brownish black. Scutellum livid. Thorax brown, livid at base. Wings tinged brown, clear at the extreme apex, 148 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor21V5 yellowish at the base. Only the fore pair of legs are remaining; these are brown, the tibiae pale. Forehead about ten times as long as it is broad, narrowed anteriorly. Frontal callus oblong, no linear extension apparent. Palpi large, broad, ending in a point, reddish, flat. Antennae reddish with hardly any tooth. Length 18mm. A specimen in Brit. Mus. coll. from Chantabun, Siam, which I believe to belong to this species—though owing to its bad preservation it is not possible to be certain—has the scutellum covered with grey tomentum, the Jegs as Schiner describes, and measures 15 mm. ‘The beard is brown. The female of Tabanus crassus, Walker, has not vet been dis- covered; it is just possible this may prove to be it, though it is a very differently shaped insect. The closing of the first posterior cell is not always present in both sexes. Tabanus auriflamma, ? , Walker. List Dipt. Brit. Mus., i, p. 155 (1848). Type (female) and two others from Sylhet, Assam, in Brit. Mus. coll. In Indian Mus. coll. one female from Sibsagar, Assam, another from Naga Hills and another from Cachar, both localities on the border of Burma and Assam. In Kertesz coll. one female from Sylhet, Assam. A handsome yellow-and-black species with yellowish wings, brown at apex and on posterior border, abdomen yellowish with black bands. Legs yellowish. Antennae yellow. Length of type 22 mm., others from 20—24 mm. Face, subcallus and forehead covered with bright golden yellow tomentum; hairs on face and beard yellow or yellowish brown. Palpi reddish yellow with brown pubescence, stout, ending in an obtuse point. Antennae reddish, the first two joints covered with greyish tomentum and with brown hairs, the third joint slender, with no tocth and hardly a perceptible angle. Forehead parallel, about four times as long as it is broad, the frontal callus red-brown, shining, almost square, not reaching eyes, with hardly any lineal extension in fresh specimens ; in denuded ones it appears. Thorax and abdomen yeliowish. the former with some greyish brown tomen- tum and browner on the dorsum; pubescence scanty, consisting of short yellow hairs, shoulders with longer soft yellowish brown hairs. Breast the same colour. Scutellum yellow. Abdomen with broad blackish brown bands on the second, third and fourth seg- ments, and a very narrow one on the fifth, all situated on the anterior half of segments, taking up half the width of segment on the second, rather narrower on the third and fourth, and on the fitth hardly noticeable ; in some specimens the bands are reddish brown, the pubescence on the yellow parts golden yellow, thick, on the bands black ; under side similar. Legs wholly reddish yellow, in the type the fore tarsi and tibiae are darker, owing to discolora- tion, pubescence reddish yellow. Wangs large, deeply tinged with rgtt.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 149 yellow, brown on the apex, beginning from the base of the fork of third vein and extending along the posterior border, gradually becoming narrower as it approaches the base of wing, the colora- tion very distinct and the two colours sharply divided, veins yellow, brown on the brown part, stigma yellow, no appendix, all posterior cells widely open. Group VII. Forehead with one square or narrow or oblong callus always prolonged towards the vertex as a more or less narrow line, from five to nine times as long as it is broad. Species of medium size or small, with one or more stripes on abdomen, usually continuous, the median stripe always so. Tabanus sirtatus, Fabr., is the typical species of this group. Tabanus auristriatus, n sp., hybridus, Wied., and aurotestaceus, W1k., form almost a subgroup. Tabanus immanis, Wied., is not known to me and is not included in the table; neither is Tabanus bubalh, Doleschall, which will prove hard to identify from its very meagre description. Tabanus annamitus, @ , Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 630 (1892) (Bellardia). Type, male, from Saigon, Cochin China. A species with a fulvous abdomen on which appears an in- distinct blackish median stripe, the apex blackish. Wings clear. Legs yellowish. Length 15 mm. Eyes large, with the large facets very distinct, taking up fully two-thirds of the eye, the small facets on lower part continued to vertex as a narrow border,no appearance of hairs on eyes. Frontal triangle chestnut-brown. Subcallus and face covered greyish tomentum and a few white hairs. Antennae now incomplete, described as yellow, black at apex; the first two joints with black pubescence. Palpi yellow, with paler pubescence. Thorax blackish with grey tomentum. Abdomen reddish yellow, with some grey tomentum, especially visible on the black narrow median stripe which becomes broader towards apex; under side reddish yellow, apex blackish. Legs yellowish, the fore femora darker, covered with grey tomentum and with black pubescence, the posterior pair with chiefly white pubescence, elsewhere it is mostly black. Wings quite clear, veins and stigma yellow, the first posterior cell closed at border. I have seen no specimens identical with this species. Tabanus striatus, 7 2, Fabr. (Pl. xiii, fig. 7.) Ent. Syst., iv, p. 371 (1794); zd., Syst. Antl., p. 103 (1805) ; Wied., Dipt. exot., p. 79 (1821); zd., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., 1, p. 155 150 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoEssly- (1828); V. d. Wulp, Sumatra Exped. Dipt., p. 16 (1881) ; id., Notes Leyden Museum, vii, p. 71 (1885). Tabanus dorsilinea, ¢ , Wied., Anal. Entom., p. 22 dee id. Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 184 (1828). Tabanus sinicus, 7 , Wlk., List Dipt., i, p. 163 (1848). Tabanus tenens, 2 , Wik., Ins. Saund. Dipt., i, p. 49 (1850). Tabanus mégalops, 7, Wlk., List Dipt., v, Suppl. i, pp. 247, 407 (1854). Tabanus partitus, 2 , Wlk., Proc. Linn. Soc. London, i, p. 9 (1856). ? Tabanus manilensis, @ , Schiner, Reise Novara Dipt., p. 84 (1868), Atylotus macer, @ , Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 649 (1892). Tabanus rufocallosus, 2 , Bigot, /. c., p. 679. d Reddish brown; thorax with white stripes, abdomen with three wide white stripes. Length 5-6 lines, 7 9. From China and Java. Fabr., Ent. Syst., iv, 371, 39 (1794). Ashy grey, abdomen brown with three abbreviated white lines. Fabr., Syst. Antl., 103, 47 (1805). Antennae rusty yellow. Face grey-haired. Beard whitish. Forehead yellowish with a smooth band widened above and below into a square callus. Thorax in certain lights appearing white, with four broad whitish stripes and a line in the middle always apparent. Sides of breast white-haired. Abdomen in unrubbed specimens with three broad white unabbreviated stripes; the side borders also white so that really five stripes are present. Wings hyaline. Halteres brownish with white knob. Femora reddish rusty brown, tibiae paler. Tarsi blackish brown. Wied., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, 155, 69 (1828). Van der Wulp records a male from Soerian Sumatra, in Sumatra Exped. Dipt., 16, 3 (1881), and gives the following details :— ““o@. Eyes are naked, flatter above than in other species, with a coarse network and a purple transverse band, below which the network becomies very fine. The white stripes on the thorax are indistinct, as are the two side stripes on the dorsum of abdomen, which latter ends in a point. The wings are quite clear, but have a pale grey tinge, the costal cell is yellow, the stripe- like stigma yellow-brown.” In Notes Leyden Museum, vii, 71, 24 (1885), he records 7 and ¢ from Java and Sumatra and adds— ““Fyes bare, in # reddish bronze above with large facets, the lower third and the borders blackish with small facets ; the two parts distinctly separated; in the 9 the eyes are uniform bronze with small facets. ’’ To1t.}| G. Ricardo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. I5I This species has a wide distribution, being found from India to Sumatra. In the Brit. Mus. coll. are ~ 2 specimens from N. India, Pusa Bengal, Bassein Bombay, Calcutta; Trincomalee, Tamble- gam, Kandy and other places in Ceylon; Upper Burma; Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States; Cavité, Philippines; and from Kajoe-Tanan, Sumatra (Hagen). In Indian Mus. coll. from Bunkutwa, Gonda District, U. P.; Calcutta; Murshidabad, Purneah District; Port Canning; Bengal ; Madras Coast ; and Balighai, near Port Orissa E. India. In Howlett coll. from Belgatchia and Pusa, Bengal; others identified from Sylhet, Assam; and Manipur, Burma. The only species likely to be confused with this species are Tabanus albimedius , Walker, and Tabanus rubidus, Wied., from both of which it may be distinguished by the spindle-shaped continuation of the frontal callus, by the almost straight median stripe, narrow almost continuous lateral stripes and by the slender more or less pointed abdomen. Length from 12—20 mm. A female specimen in the Paris Museum placed under this species and supposed to be the original type is a specimen of Tabanus albimedius, Walker, from java, but as the original description very clearly states there are three stripes, the type has probably been lost or confused; there is a specimen side by side with this supposed type, determined by Macquart as Tabanus striatus, with the usual striped narrow abdomen. Some small specimens, females, from Mohmand Pass, N. W. Frontier, in the Howlett coll., which I took at first to be a new species, only measure 11 mm. but I can find no other specific character to divide them from Tabanus striatus. 9. Face greyish, with white pubescence. Beard white. Palpi very pale yellow with white pubescence and some black hairs, curved on upper side, with a rather long apex. Antennae reddish yellow, darker at apex. Forehead rather narrow, slightly narrower anteriorly, about six times as long as it is wide, covered with yellowish grey tomentum, some short white pubescence is visible, on the vertex are some black hairs. Frontal callus shining red- dish brown, oblong, hardly reaching the eyes anteriorly, posteriorly receding from them and continued in a fine line for a very short distance, then becoming broad, at least half as wide as the callus itself, often starting direct from the callus as a broad stripe. Pubescence on hind part of head short and white. Thorax reddish brown, or brown with four fairly distinct greyish white tomentose stripes with white pubescence, elsewhere on the dorsum the pubes- cence is black, sides of thorax with biack hairs, breast grey with white pubescence. Scutellum same colour as thorax, with black pubescence and white hairs round the posterior border. Abdomen usually long and slender, ranging from reddish brown to blackish brown, the median stripe continuous, reaching the sixth segment, composed of oblong grey tomentose spots slightly narrower at their apices on the second and third segment, the side stripes 152 Records of the Indian Museum. PViOL-ShVE usually prolonged very distinctly to the fourth segment, appearing on the fifth as an indistinct spot, the sides of abdomen white with white hairs, the pubescence on dorsum black, white on the stripes. Under side reddish yellow or darker, covered with grey tomentum. Legs reddish yellow, the femora more rusty reddish, often ap- pearing darker owing to the black hairs situated chiefly on the upper sides, in some specimens the middle and posterior pair are blackish covered with grey tomentum, the pubescence is always predomi- nantly whitish ; on the coxae it is white and on the tibiae with black hairs on the upper sides, the tarsi reddish brown with black pubes- cence. Wings hyaline, stigma yellow, veins reddish. Halteres yellow or brown with lighter knob. In a specimen from Malacca the fore coxae and femora are shin- ing black with grey tomentum and wholly white pubescence. a”. These are all reddish brown in colour of abdomen; in Tabanus sinicus ¢ type and another specimen from Calcutta, the femora and the greater part of the fore tibiae are blackish. The eyes are as Van der Wulp describes them, but the large facets are yellowish green in colour with a large brown band across the centre, only in the type of Tabanus sinicus, is this not apparent. The males vary from I2—-20 mm. in size. Tabanus dorsilinea, », said to be nearly related to Tabanus styviatus in the description but much smailer and different, has been fong placed as a synonym and apparently correctly, though I have never seen a specimen of Tabanus siriatus with ‘‘ segmenta- tions of abdomen widely ochre-yellow,’’ as Wiedemann describes. His type came from E. India. Tabanus sinicus, ¢ , from Hongkong, has rather darker legs than usual, measuring 20 mm. length. Tabanus tenens, 2, from India, has legs rather paler than usual. Tabanus megalops, 7, from Java, is more reddish in colour than usual. Tabanus partitus, @ , from Singapore, has the femora rather darker than usual. Atylotus macer, # , from India is labelled as Atylotus mucro- loma, but from the description it is evidently the type of A. macer ; it is a small specimen in very bad condition, as remarked by Bigot in his description ; it appeats to be a small specimen of Tabanus striatus, the three stripes clearly visible though Bigot speaks of two only. The type of Tabanus rufocallosus is from Java, nearly all the legs were wanting when described, the abdomen is partly des- troyed which accounts for Bigot describing the median stripe as ending on the third segment ; in reality it appears to end on the fourth segment, as the fifth is incomplete; the fore femora are rather darker than is usual. Tabanus manilensis, 2 , is apparently from the description a specimen of Tabanus striatus, with the side stripes indistinct and the legs rather darker than usual; it is described as from Manila. Length 13 mm. one specimen only. Tabanus chinensis, Thunberg Igii.] G. RicarDo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 153 (N. Acta. Reg. Soc. Upsaliensis, ix, 53-62, 1827), recordedas from China and Cape of Good Hope, was probably a specimen of Tabanus stytatus, or of Tabanus taeniola, P. B., from the Cape, or Thunberg may have had specimens of both species before him, the African and Indian species being very nearly related, but distinct ; the frontal callus alone would divide them, but his description is not full enough to make it possible to decide; the species may well be deleted from the list of Tabanus species. See Bezzi, ‘‘ Nomenkiatorisches wber Dipteren’’ in Wien. Ent. Zeit., xxvii, vol. ii and iii (Feb. 1908). Tabanus costalis, Lichtenstein, Catalogus, p. 213, Hamburg (1796); Austen, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), i, p. 346 (1908); from Coromandel. This species, described in under a dozen words and absolutely indeterminable but apparently thought by the author to be near Tabanus striatus, should be deleted from the list of species of Tabanus. Tabanus hilaris, 7 @ , Walker. Ins. Saund. Dipt., p. 40, pl. ii, fig. 3 (1850). In Brit. Mus. coll.; the type ~ from India, others from the Punjab and N. W. India. In Indian Museum coil. ~ and 2 specimens from Bhogaon, Purneah district, N. Bengal, ‘‘resting in numbers on tree trunks during the day, common in the evening on the stomachs of cows ”’ (C. A. Paiva). In Howlett coll. 7 and 9 specimens from Belgatchia and Pusa, Bengal, others sent for determination came from Sylhet, Assam. A species distinguished from T. stviatus, F., by the short median stripe of abdomen which does not begin till the thivd segment and by the shorter lateral stripes which usually terminate on the third or fourth segment. The frontal callus is very similar in shape, shining red-brown, rather protuberant with a spindle-shaped exten- sion, the forehead almost the same width throughout. The palpi shorter and stouter. Legs darker, the femora being all blackish or reddish brown. In colouring the abdomen is _ blackish brown with the stripes grey. The thorax with two stripes which fade away on the anterior border. ‘The males are similar, in the type the abdomen is more reddish brown than black. Eyes in males with a broad band of very large facets, leaving the lower half of eyes and a narrow border continued to the vertex composed of small facets; across the yellowish large facets is a well-marked broad brown band. Length of male specimens 11} mm., of females 14 mm. Tabanus abbreviatus, ? , Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 670 (1892). [Atylotus.| ? Aty- lotus conicus, @ , Bigot, /. c., p. 650. 154 Records of the Indian Museum. VoL. IV; Type @ and another from Java, in bad preservation. In Brit. Mus. coll. a female from Singapore (Falshaw), ‘‘ Biting horses and cattle, more frequently seen in the last six months than in former years;”’ a female from Selangor (Butler), ‘‘Common, bites men and horses.’’ In Howlett coll. females from Calcutta and from Belgatchia, Bengal. in Kertesz coll. four females from Formosa. The type had the antennae incomplete when described and is now in a dirty denuded condition ; the description given below is based largely on the modern specimens. A reddish yellow species with the thorax blackish, abdomen with a narrow grey median, and fainter lateral stripes. Antennae and legs reddish brown. Length type 16 mm., other specimens {from I4—17 mm. This species is distinguished from Tabanus albimedius, W1k., by its smaller size, narrower forehead especially above antennae, more slender palpi, covered with black pubescence, darker legs and thorax, abdomen reddish yellow, blackish at apex. face covered with grey tomentum and with silvery white pubescence. Beard the same colour. Palpi pale yellow thickly beset on their outer side with black hairs, long and slender, the apical part as long as the stouter basal part. Awtennae red-brown, blackish on the last half of the third joint which is broad at its base with a prominent tooth, the first two joints with black hairs. Forehead narrower anteriorly, covered with yellowish brown tomentum and with black hairs about eight times as long as it is wide anteriorly, the frontal callus oblong, not reaching the eyes, diminishing to a long narrow line, reddish brown or brown in colour. Thorax blackish covered with yellow brown and grey tomentum and with white and black hairs on dorsum, the grey stripes indistinct, sides with black hairs, but tufts of whitish or yellowish hairs round base of wings; breast grey with white pubescence. Scutellum as thorax. Abdomen red- dish yellow, on each side of the median stripe it is usually brown, the last three segments largely black, the median stripe is narrow, usually continuous, covered with grey tomentum and with black hairs, some yellow hairs are often present, the side stripes are faint, indicated by grey tomentum and by yellow hairs, the pubescence on the dorsum is otherwise black, thicker at the apex: under side lighter. Legs reddish, femora darker, especially the anterior pair, with grey tomentum and largely yellowish pubescence, fore tibiae at apex and fore tarsi blackish, other tarsi brown. Wdngs clear, costal border yellow, veins brown, stigma yellow. In one of the specimens from Formosa the median stripe is broken up into narrow triangular spots which however join; in fresh specimens the side stripes appear more distinct as oblong narrow spots forming more or less continuous stripes. Atylotus conicus @, Bigot, from India is probably the ~ of this species. Type is in fair condition; eyes with large facets above. 19g1I.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 155 Tabanus rubidus, ? , Wied. Dipt. exot., 69, 14 (1821). 9. Lilac brownish. Thorax with whitish stripes. Abdomen with three whitish stripes composed of spots. 8 lines. From Bengal, Wied., Dipt. exot., 69, 14 (1821). Related to Tabanus autumnalis. Antennae rather reddish, the end joint almost wholly blackish. Face and beard white. Palpi very pale yellowish. Forehead grey. Frontal stripe narrow end- ing below in a narrow egg-shaped reddish callus. Thorax lilac red- dish brown, with grey tomentum and five whitish, in certain lights, grey-haired stripes; breast sides rather hoary white with white tomentum. Abdomen lilac reddish brown, median stripe com- posed of narrow triangular side stripes of nearly square spots: side borders yellowish white, in certain lights the abdomen appears a little grey haired. Wings in the middle rather yellowish ; halteres rather reddish. Femora very light lilac reddish, above with a. blackish stripe, tibiae more yellowish, both with white pubescence, tarsi brown. Wied., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, 127, 25 (1828). Van der Wulp in Notes Leyden Museum, vii, 71, 23 (1885), records females from Java and Sumatra. Eyes with nocross-bands. In Brit. Mus. coll. 2 specimens from Moulmein, Burma ; Bombay ; Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, Federated Malay States ; Siam (Woolley). On the female from Singapore is the following note: ‘‘ Biting horses and cattle, more frequently seen during the past six months than in former years.’’ (Falshaw.) In Howlett coll. from Pusa and Belgatchia. In Indian Mus. coll. from Sibsagar, Assam; Bhogaon and Purneah District, N. Bengal: ‘“‘ Resting in numbers on tree-trunks during the day, common in the evening on the stomach of cows;’’ from Khasi Hills, Assam; from Partabgarh, U. P. This species is distinguished from Tabanus striatus, Fabr., in general by its broader, larger abdomen; the frontal callus is not prolonged in a spindle-shaped thick line but as a narrow short line; the median stripe of abdomen is not so straight, the sides are serrated, the spots composing it being more triangularlin shape, the side stripes do not appear so regular and continuous, being composed of very similar spots, but their apices as a rule are turned inwards so that the stripe appears irregular. The /egs as a rule are darker, especially the femora, and the apices of the fore tibiae, which are blackish, their basal part yellowish white. The palpi are pale yellow or whitish with mostly black pubescence, stout and large. The face is covered with grey tomentum and with white hairs. Forehead slightly narrower anteriorly, about five times as long as it is broad. Inthe specimen from Assam the wings are tinged with brown. _ Length of specimens 17—20 mm. The males of this species if they do not retain the dark colour of the females will be difficult to distinguish from those of Tabanus albimedius, W1k., only the darker femora serving to divide them. 156 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor gi I have not yet seen any males which appear to belong to this species. Tabanus albimedius, ° o , Walker. (Piven ste 26.) Dipt. Saund., p. 48 (1850). Tabanus vagus, 2 , Walker, Dipt. Saund., p. 50. Tabanus umbrosus, ° , Walker, Dipt. Saund., p. 52. Tabanus priscus, 2 , Walker, List Dipt., i, p. 176 (1848). ? Tabanus calidus, @ , Walker, Dipt. Saund., p. 57. Aiylotus lachrymans, 2? , Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 669 (1892). In Brit. Mus. coll. the type (2) of albimedius from E. India (Saunders coll.), other specimens from Nepai; India; and a long series of males and females from Ceylon (Yerbury coll.) ; these lat- ter are said to be common on the road from Trincomalee to Kan- thalla. In Howlett coll. females from Umballa, goo ft., ‘‘ lying close on tree trunk;’’ males from Calcutta; and males and females from Pusa, Bengal. This species is very nearly allied to Tabanus rubidus, Wied., being chiefly distinguished from it by the lighter colour of abdomen which is not uniformly blackish brown or lilac-brown, as is the case in typical specimens of the Wiedemann species, but is reddish brown, usually darker brown each side of the median stripe, which latter varies from narrow to wider triangular spots forming a more or less continuous stripe. Under side reddish yellow. Thorax red- dish brown with grey tomentum and indistinct grey stripes. Legs are lighter in colour, the femora reddish brown, the tibiae yellowish but the apices of the fore tibiae blackish, the tarsi reddish brown. 9. Forehead five to six times as long as it is broad, slightly narrower anteriorly, frontal callus reddish brown, not quite reach- ing the eyes, with a narrow linear extension, which at once dis- tinguishes it from Tabanus striatus. Palpi, very pale yellow with few or no black hairs. Antennae red, darker at the apex. Length 1343—181 mm. ‘The male is difficult to distinguish from the males of Tabanus striatus, but the shape of median stripe is different, being not so straight or continuous. The males of the three species striatus, albimedius and yvubtdus are all somewhat dificult to distinguish from each other. The species is very nearly allied to Tabanus rubsdus, Wied., and may perhaps eventually be regarded as only a form of the above, as many of the specimens of both species are variable in the colouring of the abdomen and of the legs and therefore difficult to divide from each other. The series from Ceylon have the forehead rather narrower anteriorly and the abdomen is rather more reddish yellow. I9g1t.] G. RicaRDO: Revision of the spectes of Tabanus. 157 Tabanus vagus, type, @, is from KE. India (Saunders coll.), another female from same locality and one from Java were identified by Walker as this species, but I find no difference in the specimens from those of Tabanus albimedius. Tabanus umbrosus, type, 2 ,from E. India (Saunders coll.), has the legs somewhat darker than usual, and the median stripe is straighter and narrow. Tabanus priscus, type, 2 , from an unknown locality, appears to be identical with T. albtmedius, but priority is not given to it owing to the doubt as to locality. ? Tabanus calidus, type, 2 , from Asia, but in the description a query accompanies the locality ; this is presumably a specimen of Tabanus albimedius, very similar to the series of specimens from Ceylon. Atylotus lachrymans, 2 , Bigot, from Java, appears identical with the Walker species. Tabanus speciosus, 2 , n. sp. Type o from Travancore. Type @ from india (Wroughton), and another female from Tamblegum, Ceylon (Yerbury), in Brit. Mus. coll. In Indian Museum coll. female from Travancore, S. India. A distinctly marked conspicuous species with a superficial resemblance to Tabanus reducens, Wik., from Celebes, but dis- tinguished from it by the presence of side spots. It is allied to Tabanus rubidus, Wied., but the conspicuous spots on the third and fourth segments of abdomen with wide bases will distinguish it; on the second segment the spot is very narrow so that the stripe has a much more unequal appearance; and it is larger in size. A black species, with three series of white spots on abdomen, legs blackish with yellow tibiae, antennae red, wings almost clear. Length 19 mm. @. Face covered with greyish white tomentum, with silvery white pubescence and beard. Palpi pale yellow with some black pubescence, stout, ending in a short acute point. Antennae red, duskier at the apices, the first two joints pale yellow with black pubescence, tooth of third joint small but distinct. Subcallus same colour as face. Forehead with rather darker tomentum and with some white pubescence, about seven times as long as it is wide, only slightly narrower anteriorly, the frontal callus reddish brown, large, oblong, not reaching the eyes, the short linear extension not always visible. Thorax reddish brown in type, probably blackish brown when not denuded, with five distinct grey tomentose stripes, with yellowish white pubescence on them, sides with black hairs, round the base of the wings with white ones; breast covered with grey tomentum and with white pubescence. Scutellum same colour as thorax, with white pubescence at sides and on posterior border. Abdomen blackish brown, the median stripe 158 Records of the Indian Museum. [VorL. IV, composed of four whitish tomentose spots, the one on the second - segment narrow triangular, on the two following segments broad triangular, on the fifth the same but a little narrower, all with their apices reaching the border of the next segment, the spots on the sides distinct and large but less defined in shape and only present on the second, third, and fourth segments, oblique, inclining inwards from the outer border, the one on the fourth segment smaller; all these spots are white haired, pubescence otherwise on dorsum short, thick, black, sides yellowish with white pubescence ; under side reddish brown with an indistinct median black stripe, pubescence white. Legs blackish, the coxae and femora covered with dense grey tomentum and with white pubescence, tibiae reddish yellow, the fore pair only so on their basal half, with white pubes cence, which is also present but less thick on the other tibiae; pubescence on apices of fore tibiae, the extreme apices of the others and on the tarsi black. Wungs hyaline, a hardly noticeable brown- ish tinge on the fore border, veins brown, stigma reddish yellow. Male identical with female, more reddish incolour. Eyes very large, the large facets occupy fully two-thirds of the eyes, the lower third composed of small facets which reach to the vertex as a narrow border, a dark brown band crosses the coppery coloured large facets. Tabanus hirtistriatus, 2 , n. sp. Type ( @ ) and five other females, the type from Perak, the others from Durien Tipus, Negui Sembilan, Federated Malay States, in col- lection sent me by Dr. Stanton. A small brownish species, with a very narrow forehead, anteriorly barely half as wide as it is at the base, the abdomen with a grey tomentose median stripe clothed with yellowish or whitish hairs, this stripe often seems almost obsolete in rubbed specimens. Wings tinged with brown on the fore border. Length of type 114 mm., others from I2—r4 mm. Face covered with grey tomentum and some white hairs, sides of cheeks and subcallus with yellowish brown tomentum. Beard white. Palpi small, a little stout at base, ending in a point, pale yellowish with black pubescence. Antennae slender with an acute but very short tooth at base of third joint, bright red, black at apex, the first two joints with black pubescence. Forehead covered with same coloured tomentum as subcallus, the frontal callus very narrow, oblong or cylindrical with a fine linear extension, not reaching the eyes, brown in colour, about nine times as long as it is wide. Thovax blackish brown with fine greyish yellow short pubescence, at sides with black pubescence. Scutellum is similar. Abdomen blackish brown, more yellow-brown on the first two segments, sometimes reddish brown and black at apex, the pubescent stripe continuous with straight sides; under side yellowish brown covered with grey tomentum, and with white- haired segmentations. Legs brownish, the tibiae yellow, black at apices. Wings hyaline, tinged with brown on the fore border reaching the apex, a short appendix usually present. a tgtr.| G. RicaArpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 159 There are a series of males in the Indian Museum coll. from the base of the Dawna Hills, Lower Burma (Annandale), which may possibly prove to be the male of this species ; the abdomen and legs are yellower; all the facets of the eyes almost the same in size. A note is attached to them, wiz., ‘‘ Hovering over cart track in the bright sun.” Tabanus monotaeniatus, 9°, Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 655 (1892). [Atylotus.] Type (?) and four others from India (only three specimens are mentioned by Bigot in his description) and one other ( 2 ) from N. Khasi which was placed under his species Tabanus montlifer. In Indian Museum coll. three para-types from India, one of them from Sibsagar, and another from N. Khasi, Assam. In Howlett coll. seven @ from Nangpoh, Assam, ‘‘ caught on animal.’’ In Brit. Mus. coll. @ specimens from Dibia and Sadia, Khasi Hills District: and N. Khasi Hills, lower ranges (Chennell); and Nangpoh, Assam. A blackish brown or reddish brown species, the abdomen with a narrow distinct grey tomentose median stripe reaching to the sixth segment, the sides straight: the thorax blackish with indistinct stripes. Legs blackish, with red tibiae, antennae and palpi. Length of the type 18 mm., other specimens range from I4—194 mm. Face covered with greyish tomentum and with white pubes- cence, a few black hairs on cheeks. Palpi large, reddish or yellow, covered with black hairs, the inside bare, ending in rather an obtuse point. Beard white. Avztennae reddish, the third joint dusky, and blackish at apex, ouly red at base, the tooth obtuse, the first joint with grey tomentum and with black pubescence, the second with black pubescence on its outer border. Forehead covered with yellowish tomentum, with some short black pubescence, very nearly the same width throughout, very slightly narrower anteriorly, quite six times as long as it is wide, the frontal callus club-shaped, the line proceeding from it being thick; the callus does not reach the eyes and is dark brown in colour. Hind part of head with short white pubescence, some black hairs at vertex. Thorax black with yellow- ish brown tomentum and with traces of four indistinct grey stripes, the shoulders and sides of thorax in some of the specimens reddish brown, the pubescence of dorsum short, black, hairs at sides black. Scutellum black with grey tomentum and black pubescence ; breast and sides covered with greyish tomentum and with white hairs. Abdomen blackish brown, or reddish brown, with some yellowish brown or greyish tomentum which in some specimens appears as indistinct roundish spots, the dorsum rather thickly covered with short black pubescence, with the exception of the median stripe on which a few white hairs are visible, the hairs on sides of first three segments are black, afterwards white, the segmentations very narrowly lighter; under side blackish brown or reddish brown 160 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor ive covered with grey tomentum, the segmentations yellowish, the pubescence chiefly black. Legs: the coxae and femora black with grey tomentum and with white pubescence, the tibiae reddish, darker at extreme apex, with chiefly black pubescence, the tarsi the same colour but appearing darker on account of the thicker black pubes- cence. Wangs grey, tinged with brown on fore border, and round veins. Halteres reddish brown, knobs pale yellowish red. The two females from N. Khasi are rather paler in colouring, the abdomen more reddish, the thorax with sides and shoulders reddish, the legs slightly redder, the wings clear with stigma and veins yellow. The type and the majority of the specimens have a blackish brown abdomen, but some are reddish brown. Tabanus brunnipennis, @ , n. sp. (Pipsais figs) Type (¢) and two other females from Basi, N. Kanara, S. W. India (T. R. Bell), 1908; one 92 from Bangkok, Siam (5S. 8. Flower), 1908. In Howlett coll. one @ from Gorakhpur, U. P., India.' A well-marked brown species with a rather broad very dis- tinct grey median stripe on abdomen, and two grey spots on the second segment. Legs and antennae reddish. Wings grey, tinged brown on fore border as far as the second longitudinal vein. Length of type 16 mm., other specimens from 13—15 mm. It is dis- tinguished from T. monotaeniatus, Bigot, by its smaller size, and the wings have not the cross-veins shaded, but the tinged fore border sharply defined. Face covered with whitish grey tomentum and a few scattered white hairs. Beard white. Palfz yellow with rather numerous black hairs, stout at base ending in a long obtuse apex. Antennae reddish, the first joint appearing paler with whitish tomentum and some very fine black pubescence, the third slender with a very slight tooth, brown at apex. Forehead covered with yellowish brown tomentum and with a few black hairs, the same width throughout, about six times as long as it is wide, the frontal callus shining reddish brown, not reaching the eyes, club-shaped, the linear extension thick ending in a point beyond the middle of the forehead, in some of the specimens the callus appears larger, apparently owing to denudation, a slight furrow appears each side of the apex of callus converging towards the vertex. Thorax blackish (when denuded reddish), covered with greyish tomentum and black pubescence, two indistinct grey stripes apparent, with traces of yellowish pubescence anteriorly, sides grey with white hairs, shoulders reddish with black hairs, breast covered with grey tomentum and white pubescence. Scutellum reddish with grey tomentum and biack hairs, white hairs on _ borders. Abdomen dark reddish brown, usually redder on the anterior 1g1l.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 161 segments, covered with dense but short black pubescence, on the stripe and spots with short white hairs; the spots are situated one on each side of the second segment, small and round, indica- tions of one on the third segment are present, the stripe measuring nearly I mm. at its broadest from the first to sixth segment, sides straight ; under side paler, reddish, with white and yellowish pubes- cence. Legs reddish, apices of fore tibiae and tarsi darker, femora with grey tomentum and chiefly white pubescence, tibiae and tarsi with chiefly black pubescence. Wings with the dark colouring very noticeable reaching to the apex, veins and stigma brown. Tabanus abscondens, 2? , Walker. Trans. Entom. Soc. London, v, p. 275 (1860). Type 2 from Burma; one @ from N. Chin Hills, Burma (Watson); one @ from Dawna Range, Tenasserim, Lower Burma, 500—1,500 feet (Bingham); one @ from China in Dr. Kertesz’s collection. Type and specimens are all in a denuded faded condition, so that the redescription given below is imperfect. The spe- cies appears to be nearly related to Tabanus glaber, Bigot, but is distinguished from it by the frontal callus. Abdomen reddish, with a broad black median stripe. Length 16 mm., one specimen ¥7, Mim. Face greyish with thick short white pubescence. Beard white. Palpt reddish yellow with black pubescence, long with a not very pointed apex. Antennae gone in type. Walker describes them as small, with the tooth very small; in the specimens from Tenasserim and China they are long and slender, the tooth prominent, reddish, the third joint darker. Forehead considerably narrower anteriorly, about six times as long as it is wide, the frontal callus oblong, narrow, nearly reaching the eyes with a short linear extension. Thorax blackish, red at sides, scutellum blackish, red on its outer border. Abdomen appears to be reddish with a broad black stripe on which appear traces of a narrow grey stripe, the sides of seg- ments black and the three lastsegments wholly blackish. Legs red- dish, the fore femora, apices of fore tibiae, and tarsi blackish. Wings clear, stigma yellowish, veins brown. Tabanus auristriatus, 9, 0. sp. Type @ and three others from Gersoppa, N. Kanara, S. W. India (Bell), 1908. A dark brown species with golden hairs on thorax and ab- domen, forming a stripe on the latter. Antennae yellowish. Legs brownish. Wings pale brown, deeper brown on the fore border. Length of type 14 mm., other specimens from I11—134 mm. 162 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor 2rv- Face covered with pale greyish white tomentum on lower part; a narrow band stretching across just below the antennae, subcallus and the forehead covered with rich vellowish brown tomentum, pubescence on face scanty, black. Beard sparse, white. Palpi long, narrow. yellowish brown with black pubescence. Antennae long, slender, the first two joints pale yellow with black hairs, the third red, black at apex, with a small tooth. Forehead narrow, the same width throughout, about six times as long as it is wide anteriorly, the frontal callus long, narrow, not reaching the eyes, prolonged in a thick line just beyond the middle of fore- head. Thorax and scutellum thickly covered with very short yellow pubescence, sides with black hairs, breast grey with white hairs. Abdomen yellowish brown anteriorly, darker at apex, with black pubescence, the median stripe is indistinct, chiefly marked by the golden yellow hairs which also border the segmentations; under side brown with white-haired segmentations. Legs brown or yellowish brown, fore tibiae a little paler at base. Wangs tinged brown, paler on the posterior border, stigma dark brown, veins brown. This species is distinguished from Tabanus hybridus , Wied., by the forehead not becoming narrower anteriorly, by the darker legs and indistinct narrower median stripe. Tabanus hybridus, 2 ~, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 557, 31 (1828); Walker, Proc. Linn. Soc., i, p. 110 (1857) (recording the species from Macao). Oak-brownish with a brown-yellow striped abdomen. Wings brownish on the fore border, 54 lines, 2 from Macao. Of a slender form. Antennae rusty yellowish, the last joint with a hardly perceptible tooth at base; palpi brownish; face yellow; beard whitish; forehead yellow with a linear like callus gradually somewhat thicker below. Thorax oak-brown with two hardly perceptible lighter stripes ; breast sides greyish. Abdomen brown with a broad yellow stripe and quite narrow yellow side borders, the last segment black-brown; on the under side the three last segments are blackish with yellow side borders. Wings on the fore border brownish. Legs brownish yellow with black-brown tarsi. In my collection. Wied., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 557- Van der Wulp in his Cat. Dipt. S. Asia also gives Borneo, the type being recorded from Macao, S. China. In Brit. Mus. coll. are 2 specimens from Kuala Lumpur and Sunghai, 5. Perak, Federated Malay States; also specimens sent to me by Dr. Kertesz for identification from Perak, and from Sylhet, Assam, others from Batu Tisa, Federated Malay States, Stanton coll. A very pale faded specimen determined by Walker as this species from Sarawak, Borneo, is probably correctly identified. @. An easily recognised species with the median yellow stripe on the yellowish brown sometimes darker brown abdomen, 1g1r.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 163 the stripe in well-preserved specimens is covered with golden yellow hairs and is continuous and straight at sides; the thorax is covered with short golden yellow pubescence and some black hairs intermixed. The forehead is narrow, quite seven times as long as it is wide anteriorly, where it is almost a third narrower than at vertex. The frontal callus is very narrow with a fine linear exten- sion. ‘The palpi are yellowish covered with black pubescence, rather stout, ending in an obtuse point. The /egs are brownish yellow, but the anterior and middle pair paler yellow, the fore tibiae often appear- ing white owing to white pubescence ; in some specimens however the pubescence is black. The wings have the costal border shaded brown extending to the apex, in some specimens it reaches to the hind border, stigma yellow. o@. Similar, the large facets of eyes occupy the greater portion of eye, the small facets on the lower part occupying about a third of the surface of eye, continued as a narrow border to the vertex. Length of specimens from 114 to 15 mm. Tabanus aurotestaceus, 7, Walker. List Dipt., v, Suppl. i, pp. 214, 253 (1854). Type from Shanghai, and a @ from China (Walker coll.). A species near Tabanus hybridus, Wied., but distinguished by the wholly clear wing and black fore femora. The o@ has a very large head, Atvylotus-like, flat above, the small facets occupying the lower third of the eyes and continued as a narrow border to vertex. Thorax and abdomen covered with yellowish tomentum and with black and some yellow hairs. Legs pale yellow, fore femora black, tarsi blackish. The yellow stripe on abdomen is very broad, about a third of the width of abdomen. Length 17 mm. 2. first posterior cell of wings usually closed, but occasionally only narrowed at opening. Face greyish tomentose with yellowish white pubescence. Palpi large, not very stout at base, ending in an obtuse point, reddish yellow with black pubescence. Forehead in 2 narrower anteriorly, nearly six times as long as it is broad, frontal callus oblong, reddish brown, not reaching the eyes, with a thick linear extension, the forehead covered with grey or yellowish grey tomentum and grey hairs, in many specimens a dark patch is present in the middle with black hairs. Thorax brownish black with three white stripes on dorsum and sides white, breast sides covered with greyish tomentum. Scutellum blackish brown with grey tomentum bordered posteriorly with grey hairs, on dorsum of thorax the pubescence is white and black, at sides black, below white. Abdomen black, the first two segments might be described as black, the first with three spots and the sides grey tomentose, the second with a large median and two lateral grey spots, on the third segment in some specimens there appear traces of a third spot, the segmentations usually narrower than as described by Schiner but in the specimens from Japan they are broader, grey tomentose slightly reddish yellow below. Wangs with first posterior cell closed with a short petiole, or very narrow at the opening, the specimens from Japan have it open, not closed, but very narrow; the @ from Tientsin the same. Length of specimens 15—2I mm. 172 Records of the Indtan Museum. [| VOL. IV, Tabanus varicolor, Ricardo. Tabanus variegatus, Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 458 (1875) (nomen bis lectum). Lengthr4mm. Antennae with the first two joints and the base of the third reddish yellow, the apex blackish. Forehead greyish yellow, anteriorly paler, the lineal callus red, shining; head above and below white and white haired ; palpi very pale, black haired. Thorax on dorsum dark brown, the sides, posterior corners and margin of scutellum reddish ; pleurae greyish and white haired. Abdomen with the first two segments reddish yellow luteous ; the following ones streaked blackish brown and ferruginous ; the apex black, a pale dorsal stripe present on the four segments before the last one; under side with the basal segments blackish, or black spotted, posteriorly luteous, with white tomentum, and short white hairs. Wings sub-limpid, the costal border luteous. Legs: anterior ones black, the tibiae at the base widely luteous, the pos- terior tibiae and knees luteous reddish yellow, femora and tarsi more or less blackish. Calyptera ferruginous. Halteres with club outside whitish, inside and the stalk brown-red. Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 458. The name of variegatus being preoccupied by a Fabrician species from N. America, I propose the substitution of varicolor for this species, the type of which came from Sarawak, Borneo, and was seen by me at Genoa. It is a narrow-bodied specimen measuring 17 mm., with a yellowish shining abdomen irregularly marked with black on all the segments except the first one, and has besides three series irregular shaped greyish spots median and lateral, indistinct; the blackish markings are situated between the anterior and posterior borders of segments, the seventh segment is blackest, with black hairs on the outer border; the dorsum appears finely punctuated all over, pubescence black, thickest on the apical segments; under side similar but darker. Thorax blackish with grey tomentum, reddish at sides, with black hairs at the sides; scutelluim blackish, red round the outer border. Legs yellow, with black pubescence, the femora reddish brown with white pubescence, the tarsi reddish brown. Face with grey tomentum and whitish hairs. Palpz yellow, thickly covered with black hairs, slender, ending in an obtuse point. Antennae reddish, dusky on the third joint, the tooth distinct, the first two joints with black hairs. Forehead with yellow-brown tomentum, narrow, anteriorly barely half as wide, about eight times as long as it is broad, the frontal callus yellow mahogany, narrow, oblong, not reaching the eyes. I have not seen any specimens identical with this isolated type. Tabanus rubicundus, 7 @? , Macquart. (Pl. sanietiee 12.) Dipt. exot., Suppl. 1, py 26072846); 7d., Suppl i), p: 170 (2847); 2d., Suppl. v, p. 47 (as55) IgII.] G. RicaARDO: Revision of the species of 'Tabanus. 173 Tabanus internus, Walker, ° , List Dipt., i, p. 164 (1848). Tabanus monilifer, 2, Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 654 (1892). [Atylotus.] @. Testaceous, abdomen with dorsal white spots. Legs tes- taceous ; anterior tibiae white at base. Length 7} lines. Palpi of a pale yellow. Beard and face yellowish white. Forehead yellowish with a testaceous callus prolonged as a line. Antennae: the first two joints are testaceous, the third is wanting. Thorax and abdomen testaceous (denuded), with traces of a yellow- ish down ; an abdominal stripe of triangular whitish spots; under side with whitish down. Anterior tibiae whitish in front, brown at apex. Wings yellowish, veins normal. Brom India. Macq. Dipt. exot.. Suppl. 1/p2 160: @”. Wehave since describing the female observed the male which differs inthe dark colour of the thorax and abdomen. Macq., i.c., Suppl. ili, p.170. From Java. Length 6 lines. Palpi yellow- ish. Beard white. Forehead and face white, a little yellowish. Antennae testaceous, third joint with the usual tooth and the last divisions black. Eyes: upper part brown, tower part black. Thorax with a yellowish grey tomentum, a testaceous stripe with greyish tomentum, passing above the insertion of the wings ; sides with ashy grey tomentum. Abdomen testaceous; segmentations a little yellow (seen sideways), seventh segment brown ; under side the same. Legs fawn-coloured, femora blackish, a little fawn- coloured at apex; tarsi brownish. Wings clear, exterior border and stigma yellow: veins normal. From Java. Macq., /.c., Suppl. v, p- 47- Macquart’s types are in Mr. Verrall’s coll. Walker’s type from Sylhet, Assam. Bigots type from N. Khasi, in a very dirty condition, two other females with it are from Sibsagar, Assam, and India. In Brit. Mus. coll. specimens (females) from Sylhet ; Chargola Valley, Sylhet; Dibia, Khasi Hills District (Chennell), and Khasi Hills (Godwin-Austen, Sladen). In Indian Museum coll. females from N. Khasi and Assam. This species is distinguished from the species in Tabanus fumtfer subgroup by its smaller size, broader, almost parallel fore- head and reddish yellow colour. A medium-sized reddish yellow species, the median triangular spots on abdomen small and often indistinct, the pubescence on dorsum scanty. Antennae reddish, rather wide at their base. Legs reddish brown. Length 17-18 mm. Face covered with yellowish brown tomentum and with white pubescence. Beard yellowish white. Palpi reddish yellow with some grey tomentum and rather thick black pubescence, in shape long and slender, ending in alongapex. Antennae deep red, darker at the apex, the first two joints with some black pubescence, the tooth of third joint prominent. fovehead rather narrow, about six times as long as it is wide, very slightly narrower anteriorly, 174 Records of the Indian Museum. [VO1zIVE the same colour as the face; frontal callus oblong, brownish, not reaching the eyes, the linear extension narrow. Thorax obscurely reddish brown, sometimes blackish, stripes indistinct, covered with some yellowish brown tomentum and a few hairs of the same colour and with scattered black pubescence, sides redder with black hairs ; breast black with grey tomentum and obscure yellow pubescence. Abdomen reddish yellow, the last three segments slightly darker, the small triangular grey tomentose spots with yellowish pubes- cence are present from the first to the fifth, sometimes reaching the sixth segment, most conspicuous on the third, fourth and fifth ; the dorsum with rather dense but inconspicuous black pubescence ; under side with lighter segmentations, and yellowish white pubes- cence. Legs: femora reddish brown with grey tomentum below and with yellowish pubescence, tibiae reddish yellow, the fore pair darker at apex with yellowish hairs on the paler part, the tarsi reddish brown with black pubescence. Wangs grey, tinged with brown on fore border and round veins, veins yellowish brown, an appendix is present only in the Bigot type and in a female from Khasi Hills. The male type (Macquart) has no sign of median grey spots on abdomen, and may possibly prove not to belong to this species, which seems otherwise confined to India and Assam. Tabanus stantoni, 2 , n. sp. CEA Say cast oes 2) In Brit. Mus. coll. a long series from Batu Tisa, Labuan Padang, Federated Malay States (Pratt, Stanton), others from Selangor, and Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States. A large reddish yellow broad-bodied species, distinguished from Tabanus fumifer, Wik., by the greater width of the forehead, anteriorly never more than one-third narrower than it is at vertex, in I’. funufer the forehead begins to get narrower half-way from the vertex, in this species it is hardly perceptibly narrower and only begins to be so just before it terminates. Thorax has a paler appearance. Abdomen more reddish yellow. Length 19$—25 mm. Face with yellowish hairs. Palfi yellow with black pubes- cence, not very stout at base, ending in an acute point. Forehead eight to nine times as long as it is broad and barely a third narrower anteriorly, nearly parallel, frontal callus long and natrow, not touching the eyes, slightly club-shaped. Antennae reddish, with the third joint black. Thorax brownish with in- distinct stripes, covered with brownish yellow tomentum, appressed fulvous hairs and some black pubescence. Abdomen appearing reddish brown, more strictly reddish yellow, but the close black pubescence gives it the darker appearance and with some brownish yellow tomentum makes it appear not uniform in colour, the median spots often indistinct, are yellow haired, short, rgir.] G. Ricardo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 175 triangular; under side with thick yellow pubescence at the sides and on seginentations, leaving a broad dark median stripe. Legs: femora blackish with grey tomentum, the tibiae obscurely yellow- ish or reddish brown, apices and all tarsi black; the pubescence on coxae and femora yellowish, elsewhere black. Wings large, tinged yellowish brown or almost clear with no appendix, veins blackish on fore border, thin brown, the first posterior cell widely open. Tabanus indianus, 7 @,n. sp. 2? Tabanus mentitus, 7 , W\k., List Dipt., i, p. 162 (1848). In Brit. Mus. coll. Type ? and a series from Kadra, N. Kanara, S. W. India (Bell). Others from Formosa in Dr. Kertesz’s coll. Type ~ and a series from Formosa in Dr. Kertesz’s coll. A reddish brown species with a long narrow abdomen, distin- guished from others of the fumifer subgroup by the distinct pale yellow fore tibiae with white hairs of the female, and by the longer narrow white-haired triangular median spots of abdomen. Femora with black pubescence. Length of type ? 20mm., others from 17—22 mm. @. Head wider than thorax. Face covered with greyish tomentum, with a few white hairs. Beard white. Palpi very simi- lar to those of Tabanus malayensis, n. sp., with long obtuse apex, only slightly stouter at base, yellow with thick black pubescence. Antennae reddish brown, darker at apex, the first two joints and apex of tooth with black pubescence. Forehead covered with yellowish brown tomentum-eand with some black hairs, about eight times as long as it is wide, only slightly narrower anteriorly (barely a third) than at vertex: frontal callus reddish brown, long, narrow, not reaching the eyes, with long linear extension. Thorax blackish with some grey tomentum and with black pubes- cence and fulvous appressed hairs, sides with black hairs ; breast with reddish white pubescence. Abdomen reddish brown, the median triangular white-haired spots are present from the 2-5th segments, with traces of one on the first and sixth segments, their apices almost reach the anterior border of each segment; pubescence on dorsum black, thicker at apex; under side lighter reddish brown with white pubescence, which is also present on sides of abdomen except at the apex where it is black. Legs dark reddish brown or blackish brown, coxae with long white hairs, the femora with grey tomentum and black pubescence, white on the under side of the middle and posterior pairs, tibiae pale yellow, black at their apices, the fore tibiae appear whiter on account of their white hairs; the middleand posterior pairs have some white pubescence below, otherwise it is black, and on all the tarsi. Wings long, faintly tinged yellow-brown on fore border and along veins, stigma yellowish brown, veins brown, first posterior cell slightly narrowed at opening. 176 Records of the Indian Museum. [ VoL. IV; The specimens from Formosa have the abdomen in females more reddish yellow, the segmentations paler with yellow hairs. Frontal callus a little broader and more pear-shaped. o. Redder in colour than the female, the spots on abdomen are smaller and the fore tibiae dull yellowish or obscurely red at base with only a few lighter hairs. Eyes large, the large facets occupy the upper half but do not reach the anterior border of the frontal triangle, nor the vertex where the small facets extend as a narrow border. Palpi yellow, with yellow pubescence and a few black hairs at apex. Length of males 17—20} mm. The type of Tabanus mentitus, Walker, a male from Foochow, China (G. T. Lay), is probably identical, judging from its similarity to the male from Formosa, but owing to its bad condition and the fact of its being a male, its identity must remain doubtful till the advent of more material. The blackish colouring sometimes surrounding the median abdominal spots is more distinct than usual, as oblong black spots on the second, third and fourth segments, and only on the third and fourth segments is a median grey spot visible, probably owing to denudation, the apex of the abdomen is blackish. Tabanus brunneus, Macq. Suites a Butions 1, p: 203-(1834)- 7d. Dipt. exot., 1, p. 132 (1838). In Brit. Mus. coll. one female from Timor and one male from Java. In Indian Mus. coll. one female from Semangho, Selangor, ‘‘ on Catcles: Length 8 lines. Blackish brown. Palpi brownish. Face and forehead yellow- ish grey; the latter narrower than usual, velvety brown; elevation near the antennae longitudinal, and the usual line black. Antennae black, inserted a little tower than in other species. Thorax covered with a short thick, brown tomentum ; two brown stripes on the outer border; sides with yellowish hairs ; a yellowish space with black hairs under the base of the wings, abdomen with dorsal triangular white spots, the three first segments brown, the four others black ; a small yellowish spot on each side of the posterior border of the segments; under side yellowish, a hemispherical black spot on each segment. Legs black. Wings brownish, @. From Java, in my cabinet. Macquart, Suites a Buffon, 1, b.2203- Brown. Antennae black. Abdomen with triangular white spots. Legs black. Wings brown. Length 6 lines. 2. Palpi brownish. Face and forehead greyish yellow, frontal callus narrow and little distinct from the line proceeding from it. Antennae black. Thorax black, with brown tomentum. Abdomen black; a dorsal triangular yellowish white spot as well as a spot ) rgtt.] G. Ricarpbo: Kevision of the species of Tabanus. 177 on the exterior border of each segment. legs black, with yellow- ish tomentum. From East India (M. Marc) Museum. An identi- cal specimen in my collection came from Java. Macquart, Dipt. Cxoty isp 1132: Type ¢ (the one from India I- believe) seen by me in Paris Museum. A medium-sized species distinguished from Tabanus tnternus, Wlk., with which I compared it, by the narrower forehead and frontal callus and by the spots on abdomen which are al- most hemispherical in shape, on the second to fifth segments, small and oblong on the sixth, abdomen dark brown in colour, the seg- mentations very narrowly yellowish, and the lateral margins more widely so, forming the spots mentioned by Macquart; under side brown with vellowish segmentations and yellow pubescence on them. Wings clear, tinged brown. Legs brownish, tibiae appearing obscurely reddish on middle and posterior legs. Forehead narrow, eight or more times as long as it is broad, narrower anteriorly, with a long narrow frontal callus and lineal extension. Antennae reddish brown, falp: rather broad, brownish yellow with black pubescence. Face with yellowish white pubescence. Beard the same colour. This is apparently a distinct species, distinguished by the almost wholly black legs, dark palpi and antennae and by the hemispherical spots of the dark blackish brown abdomen. Tabanus fumifer, 7 9, Walker. (Pl. xiv; fis. 142) Proc, linn. Soc., 1, p. 11-(1857). Types o and 2 from Sarawak, Borneo (Saunders coll.). In Brit. Mus. coll. specimens from Darien Tipus, Negui Sembilan, Federated Maiay States (Stanton coll.) ; from Sungei, Bessi, Selangor (Durham); from Batu Tiga, Selangor (Stanton coll.) ; Singapore (Ridley), Sumatra (Forbes). A somewhat variable species, in colouring, but distinguished by the extreme narrowness of forehead, becoming anteriorly only half the width of what it is at vertex. The abdomen varies from reddish yellow anteriorly, becoming darker at apex (type), to dark reddish brown with small median indistinct spots, sometimes not apparent, the black pubescence on dorsum always rather thick, sides with yellow hairs anteriorly (type), but some specimens have black hairs entirely. Legs blackish, the fore tibiae usually ob- scurely reddish, on their basal third or half with some yellow hairs occasionally reddish yellow on basal half, the middle and posterior pair obscurely reddish or reddish yellow, only black at their apices. Wings tinged brown all along the veins, but in some specimens only tinged very slightly. Length from 15—21 mm. ‘The female type 2I mm. 9. Face covered with yellowish brown or grey tomentum and with some whitish yellow hairs. Beard pale yellow. Palpi large 178 Records of the Indian Museum. DV oT. SEVe with obtuse apex, almost the same width throughout, yellowish red but densely clothed with black pubescence. Antennae reddish brown, the first two joints with black pubescence, tooth of third joint distinct. Forehead narrow, covered with yellowish brown tomentum, nearly eight times as long as it is broad, barely half as wide anteriorly as it is at vertex; frontal callus brownish, long, narrow, not reaching the eyes with a rather long linear extension. Thorax reddish brown or blackish with stripes hardly apparent, some greyish yellow tomentum on dorsum, the pubescence black, with some short appressed yellowish hairs, shoulders more red, sides with black hairs; breast covered with grey tomentum and with yellowish hairs. Scutellum identical with thorax. Abdomen red- dish brown, often more yellow-red anteriorly and darker at apex, spots usually present on each segment but often indistinct and indicated by a few yellow hairs only, usually small with short triangles ; under side reddish brown, the segmentations bordered with yellowish hairs ; sides of abdomen with black hairs and a few yellow hairs below or. with almost wholly yellow hairs. Legs: femora black covered with grey tomentum below, the pubescence black and short above, yellow and longer below, coxae black covered with grey tomentum and with thick whitish pubescence on the fore pair, the pubescence on the dark red tibiae black and rather thick, some yellow or white hairs on the fore tibiae at base which alone is reddish. Wings in type very distinctly tinged brown on all the veins, but this is fainter in many specimens and sometimes almost confined to fore border ; veins brown, stigma yellow. @. The male type has now lost part of abdomen, but other males in the Brit. Mus. coll. from Singapore and Sumatra appear identical. Beard and hairs on face in type brownish, in the other males whitish. The palpi yellowish red, with black pubescence. The frontal triangle reddish brown. Eyes with large facets on the upper part, not extending beyond the apex of the frontal triangle, reaching the vertex but gradually sloping away from it towards the centre of eye. Abdomen on its anterior half yellowish red, the apex darker, the sides bordered with a short fringe of black hairs, but on the posterior lateral angles of the segments are some yellow hairs ; under side reddish brown with yellow-haired segmentations. Wings in type deeply tinged yellowish brown, in other males yellow on fore border only, between the costal border and the first vein. . Tabanus malayensis, ? , n. sp. In Brit. Mus. coll. type @ and a long series from Darien Tipus, Negui Sembilan, Federated Malay States, collected by Dr. A. T. Stanton on a new road running through jungle in February and March, 1908, and others in 1909 by him at Batu Tiga, others from Kuala I,umpur, Selangor, Federated Malay States (Durham), and from Singapore (Ridley) IgiI.] G. RicarDo: Revision of the spectes of Tabanus. 179 A species nearly allied to Tabanus fumifer, Wik., distinguished only by its colouring and usually smaller size (16$—-21 mm.), differ- ing in the bright yellow-haired median spots of abdomen which are larger and very distinct, with longer apices, and by the presence of lateral yellow-haired spots on sides of segments in form of isosceles triangles, usually present from the second to the fifth segments ; under side more yellow with yellow pubescence on the sides. The thorax and scutellum have a paler appearance with greyish yellow tomentum and more numerous appressed fulvous hairs. The tomentum on the femora is more yellowish grey. Forehead seven to eight times as long as it is broad, very narrow anteriorly as in Tabanus funufer with the same long narrow frontal callus. Antennae blackish brown, in some specimens reddish at base of third joint, the first two joints with some grey tomentum and black hairs. Palpi large, ending in an obtuse point, yellowish with dense black pubescence. Abdomen reddish brown, redder on the anterior seg- ments, the whole dorsum covered with thick short black pubes- cence, on the posterior borders of segments appear a few yellow hairs, the spots consist of a small almost square one on the first segment, on the following four they are triangular in shape with short apices which do not reach the fore border of segment, those on the third and fourth segments usually with the widest bases, on the fifth appear traces of a small triangular spot, all have a yellowish or greyish ground colour covered with bright yellow hairs, sides of segments with spots as described above ; under side covered with yellowish pubescence leaving a broad central black stripe apparent. Legs similar to those of Tabanus fumifer, W1k. Wings grey, very slightly tinged brown, chiefly on the fore border, stigma yellowish, veins brown, the first posterior cell slightly narrower at opening. Tabanus factiosus, 7 @ , Walker. Proc. Linn. Soc. London, iv, p. 102 (1859). Type ~ from Celebes. Type ? from Makessar, Celebes, both from Saunders coll. ‘Two females from Negros, Philippines (Whitehead). @. This large reddish brown species is very nearly allied to Tabanus fumifer, Wik., indeed the female seems only distinguished from the latter species by its larger size and by the fore tibiae being more largely yellowish or white, for quite two-thirds of their length, and by the wings being nearly clear, even the space between costa and first longitudinal vein being only faintly yellow. The thorax appears lighter, having more grey tomentum and a few appressed yellow hairs. Abdomen large, broad, with grey triangular spots on every segment except the first and last ones, on the fourth, fifth and sixth the segmentations are lighter, colour of abdomen reddish brown. Length 23 mm. 180 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vo.L. IV, @”. Male type is not mentioned in Walker’s description, but bears a label ‘‘ factious’’ in his handwriting. It is immediately distinguished by the eyes which have the facets almost the same size, those where the eyes join hardly perceptibly larger; this character at once distinguishes it from Tabanus fumifer. Beard blackish, with the same coloured hairs on face. Fore tibiae black. Wings deeply tinged yellowish brown. ‘Till further material is available, it is impossible to define this species more accurately. Tabanus dissimilis, 9, n. sp. (Pla xiveig <5.) Type ¢ from Selangor (Butler), a series from Singapore (Butler, Ridley), two @ from Silam, N. Borneo and Borneo. A species very nearly allied to Tabanus fumifer, Wik., but dis- tinguished from it in general appearance by the redder thorax, covered thickly with ashy grey tomentum, and with black pubes- cence so that it appears darker than in the Walker species, with no yellowish interspersed hairs, and by the clear wings, only the space between the costa and the first longitudinal vein being yellowish brown. In the less width of the forehead anteriorly with the frontal callus practically reaching the eyes lies the chief plastic difference. Length of type 21 mm., other specimens 19}—22 mm. Head large, wider than thorax. Palpi witha rather longer apex than in Tabanus fumifer. Forehead about ten times as long as it is wide, hardly more than half the width of the vertex anteriorly. Breast reddish with grey tomentum, and with black above and white pubescence below. Scutellum identical with thorax. Abdo- men very similar but anteriorly with traces of yellowish brown or grey tomentum, the spots indistinct, often absent, usually white haired ; under side reddish with grey tomentum and white pubes- cence : the lighter hairs on sides of abdomen below the black ones are white. Legs: the fore femora are reddish brown or black with grey tomentum, but with wholly black pubescence, only the middle and posterior pairs with white hairs below in some speci- mens, in the type they are black. No white hairs are visible on the fore tibiae, but a few on the hind tibiae below. Tabanus ignobilis, @ , Rondani. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 457 (1875). Length 15—20 mm. Antennae brown-red. Forehead fulvous, the linear callus reddish. Face white, with white hairs. Palpi very palely luteous, black haired. Thorax with the dorsum obscurely red and with darker stripes, the pleurae and breast whitish and white haired. Abdomen brown-reddish, on the dorsum with black spots, chiefly scattered posteriorly : the posterior margins of the segments narrowly pale; the median whitish stripe of spots; under side 1g1t.| G. Ricardo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 181 brown-red the margins of the segments posteriorly with pale mar- gins and very short white hairs. Wings sub-limpid, the costal border brown yellowish, the stigma browner. Calyptera ferruginous. Halteres with the knob yellow, the stem red. Legs brown-red ; the apices of femora and tibiae and all tarsi blackish. Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vu, p. 457. From Sarawak Province. Type ? in Nat. Hist. Museum,Genoa. Aspecimien @ in Brit. Mus. coll. from Sandakan, N. Borneo, compared with type, is identical. The type in good preservation, measures 20 mm., the black spots mentioned in original description seem accidental stains or marks, the median spots only commence from the third segment, the thorax and scutellum are covered with grey tomentum, being reddish in colour. A species nearly allied to Tabanus dissinulis, n. sp., distin- guished from it by its lighter redder thorax, abdomen and legs. The abdomen is shining, uniformly reddish with grey median spots from the second to the sixth segments, and with greyish narrow segmentations, the little pubescence present, chiefly black. Forehead, frontal callus and palpi similar to those of Tabanus dis- similis. Legs reddish brown, the tarsi and apices of tibiae darker, the fore femora on under side and hind tibiae at base with some white hairs, the pubescence otherwise black. The specimen from Sandakan measures 22 mm. ‘his species is not unlike Tabanus vubicundus, Macq., but is distinguished from it by the greater narrowness of the forehead anteriorly. Tabanus nexus, 2 , Walker. Proc: Winn Soc, 1, p.r10 (1875): Type 2 from Sarawak, Borneo (Saunders coll.). A large species very nearly similar to Tabanus ignobilis, Rondani, from which it is only distinguished by the wings being not quite clear, but deeply tinged with yellowish brown on the fore border along the veins, and in the discal cell, reaching beyond its borders. ‘The palpi are stouter, almost the same width throughout, so that their apices are obtuse. There are no white hairs on the hind tibiae, but the white pubescence on all the femora is distinct, thickest on the fore pair. Forehead about nine times as long asit is broad, and hardly more than a third narrower anteriorly, frontal callus not reaching eyes ; owing to its great similarity to Tabanus ignobilis, Rondani, this spe- cies is placed next to it though strictly speaking it should go under the heading of foreheads one-third narrower anteriorly in the table. Tabanus signifer, 7, Walker. Ins. Saund. Dipt., i, p. 452 (1856). Type o from China. 182 Records of the Indian Museum. Von es A red-brown species easily distinguished by the prominent whitish tomentose triangular spots on the third and fourth abdo- minal segments, and with the same coloured spots on the lateral borders of the first four segments. Wings clear. Legs blackish. Tibiae reddish. Length 21 mm. Head large. Eyes with the large facets distinct, reaching the apex of frontal triangle, and the vertex, the small facets extending behind as a narrow border but not reaching the vertex apparently (eyes discoloured). Face covered with grey tomentum and with white hairs. Palpi yellow with black hairs. Beard white. Antennae incomplete, Walker does not describe them ; the first two joints reddish with black hairs. Thorax reddish brown with three grey stripes, sides with black hairs. Scutellum reddish brown. Abdomen conical, reddish brown, becoming darker towards the apex, the two triangular median spots have very short apices, and broad bases, the spots on lateral borders do not join them, a small whitish tomentose median spot is visible on the second segment at its base, pubescence black, but white on the spots; under side the same but with no median spots visible. Legs (incomplete) blackish with black pubescence, the tibiae reddish. Wangs yellow on costal border, stigma yellow, veins yellowish brown, appendix present. The species first named by Walker Tabanus apicalis, List Dipt., 1, p. 176, and later changed by him to Tabanus finalis (the first name being preoccupied), List Dipt., v, p. 258, is allied to this species, and is also a male, but differs in having three large white spots on the third, fourth and fifth segments and the cross-veins of wings are shaded ; it is a badly preserved specimen from unknown locality ; it may possibly belong to the American fauna. Tabanus significans, ?, n. sp. d Type 2 and another female from Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States (H. C. Pratt), in London School Tropical Medicine coll, and another female from Darien Tipus, Malay States, in Stanton coll. This well-marked species allied to Tabanus signifer, Walker, from China, is distinguished by the two well-marked grey tomen- tose median spots on the brown abdomen, by the white tibiae and wings slightly shaded on the cross-veins. Antennae red, forehead narrow. Length 18 mm. Face covered with whitish tomentum and with long white hairs, a band across the base of antennae and the subcallus on its outer borders with yellowish brown tomentum, between the antennae and the eyes the band bears some long brown hairs ; centre of subcallus covered with greyish tomentum. Beard white. Palpt pale yellow with black pubescence, stout, ending in a point. Antennae red, the first two joints paler and yellowish with black pubescence, the third joint broad but with a very slight tooth indeed. Forehead very uarrow, about ten times as long as it is tgiI.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 183 broad, and a third narrower anteriorly, covered with greyish tomentum, the frontal callus reddish yellow, very narrow, almost cylindrical with a somewhat raised long lineal extension. Thorax reddish brown with short black pubescence, shoulders and sides covered with greyish tomentum which extends round the thorax as a narrow border posteriorly, pubescence on the shoulders black, on the sides white and long, extending round the scutellum which is the same colour as thorax but with grey tomentum, this with the white pubescence gives it a pale appearance, at least on its posterior half. Abdomen brown or red-brown, clothed with short black pubescence the grey tomentose spots are clothed with white pubescence and are situated on the third and fourth segments, the one on the latter is the largest, with a wide base and short apex, almost half moon in shape, not reaching the anterior border of segment, the other one is smaller, oblong, placed on the posterior border of segment, on the sides of the first and second segments are lateral similar spots, and on the fourth segment at side on posterior margin a small tuft of white hairs, traces of a few white hairs are visible in the middle of the second segment; under side brownish yellow with some whitish tomentum at sides and anteriorly. Legs: coxae and femora reddish with white pubescence on the former, and black on the latter, the middle and posterior femora are darker reddish brown, the tibiae white, black at their apices, with the pubescence to correspond, tarsi all deep black. Wengs slightly tinged with brown on the fore border and round trans- verse veins, stigma and veins brown. Halteres black Tabanus fuscomaculatus, 2, un. sp. Type female and four others from Sima, Myitkyina District, Upper Burma (Capt. Whitmore, I.M.S.), in Brit. Mus. coll., and another female from Sikhim in Indian Museum coll. A handsome stout dark reddish species, the abdomen with two large black spots on the second and third segments and the apex black. Antennae and palpi blackish. Legs blackish. Wings tinged with brown and with an appendix. Length of type 20 mm., others 1I97—214 mm. Face covered with greyish yellow tomentum, light yellow on the cheeks, some dark short hairs in middle of face and long soft pale yellowish hairs on cheeks. Beard pale yellowish. Palpi stout, much the same width throughout, ending in an obtuse point appearing black, but dark reddish, covered with greyish brown tomentum and with thick black pubescence, brighter red on the in- side. Antennae black, the first two joints red with black pubes- cence, the third joint broad at base with a distinct tooth. Fore- head narrow, about eight times as long as it is broad, slightly narrower anteriorly, about one third, forehead and subcallus covered with brownish yellow tomentum, the frontal callus black, narrow, club-shaped, not reaching the eyes anteriorly, with a long linear extension, 184 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV; Thorax blackish, with brownish yellow tomentum, some ap- pressed yellow hairs chiefly along the lateral sides of dorsum and short black hairs scattered over dorsum; sides with yellow hairs, shoulders reddish with black hairs, no sign of stripes on dorsum. Scutelium similar to thorax, on posterior border with some long yellow hairs. Abdomen reddish, the last three segments wholly dull black, the median black spots very distinct, the one on the second segment largest, bluntly triangular, neither base nor apex reaching the border, the second one on third segment smaller and more irregular in shape, the segmentations on the first four red segments paler, yellowish ; pubescence on dorsum black, golden vellow hairs are visible on the lighter segmentations, chiefly at the sides, where they extend upwards, long and thick; under side reddish yellow with a broad median stripe and the apex black, pubescence the same but the golden yellow is more prominent. Legs appearing blackish, the coxae covered with yellowish tomentum and with long yellow hairs, the femora with some grey tomentum and yellow hairs on the upper and under side, otherwise the pubescence is black, tibiae obscurely reddish with thick black pubescence, tarsi with black pubescence but on the under side of the posterior tarsi it is deep red. Wings tinged on fore border and along the veins brownish, appendix short, not always present, all posterior cells widely open, stigma brownish yellow, veins brown. Tabanus leucopogon, 2 , Bigot. (PL esty si oes) Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 651 (1892). [Afylotus.] Type @ from India and another @ from Sikhim, in Indian Museum coll. A small species allied to Tabanus oxyceratus, Bigot, but distinguished from it by the large oval frontal callus with hardly any linear extension, and by the wings which are shaded round the veins and have an appendix. Length 15 mm. The type is a very faded poor specimen. Face with white tomentum and white hairs. Beard white. Palpi slender, long, not very stout at base, ending in a point, dull reddish appearing dark by reason of the thick black short pubes- cence. Antennae reddish brown. Subcallus and forehead covered with yellowish brown tomentum. Forehead short, wide, very slightly narrower anteriorly, practically parallel, about four times as long as it is wide, the frontal callus blackish, not reaching the eyes, oval or nearly square with hardly any prolongation, in the type with a fine short line about the length of the callus itself. Thorax brownish. Abdomen blackish brown, with white- haired median spots on each segment except the last two. Legs blackish, tibiae yellowish. Wings hyaline with brown shading round the veins, fore border and stigma yellow, veins brown. rgtt.] G. Rrcarvo: Revision of the species of ‘Tabanus. 185 Tabanus discrepans, 9, n. sp. (PlR xiv, fie ize) Type ¢ and another from Ceylon (Yerbury coll.) A long narrow species in general appearance allied to the species of the fumifer subgroup and more especially to Tabanus indianus,n. sp., but distinguished from them by the wider forehead, parallel in this species, and by the larger less narrow frontal callus. Abdomen reddish brown with small median whitish spots. Legs and antennae reddish. Palpi yellow. Wings tinged yellowish brown. Length of type 20 mm. the other female 18 mm. Face covered with yellowish grey tomentum, and with some pale yellow short hairs, browner on cheeks. Beard whitish yellow. Paipi stout, ending in a point, yellow with black pubescence and a few white hairs intermixed. Antennae reddish, duskier at the tip, the first joint pale yellow with black pubescence, third joint of antennae with very slight tooth. Subcallus and forehead covered with darker yellowish brown tomentum, the latter with some black pubescence, parallel, about five times as long as it is broad, the frontal callus red-brown, oblong, not reaching eyes with a short but stout lineal extension. Thorax dusky brown, pale reddish brown at sides and on shoulders, dorsum with appressed short yellow hairs, sides with long black pubescence; breast covered with greyish yellow tomentum and with pale yellow pubescence. Scutellum same colour as thorax with some of the appressed yellow hairs on sides, in the centre with black hairs. Abdomen reddish brown with short black pubescence, on the paler segmen- tations some yellowish white hairs extending to the sides and up the lateral borders of segments, the grey tomentose median spots present from second to fifth segment, more or less triangular in shape; under side with wider whitish-haired segmentations, and with the black pubescence. Legs reddish, the coxae covered with greyish tomentum and with whitish pubescence, the fore and hind femora darker, the apices of fore tibiae and all tarsi blackish brown, femora and basal half of hind tibiae with vellow pubescence, else- where it is black. Wings tinged yellowish brown, the centres of the cells at apex and on posterior border lighter in type, not discernible in the other female, stigma and veins of fore border brown, other veins yellow- ish brown, type alone with rudiment of an appendix. Tabanus rufiventris, @ , Fabr. (mec Macq.). Syst. Antl., 96 (1805); Wied., Dipt. exot., p. 66 (1821) ; 2d., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 118 (1828). Thorax dark, abdomen reddish, wings with a black costal border. Of the size of Tabanus bovinus. Head ashy grey haired, antennae black. Eyes golden; thorax dark, hardly ashy grey striped. Abdomen reddish, with a dorsal stripe of white spots. 186 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, Wings white, costal border black. Legs black; tibiae red. East India. Mus. Dom. Lund. Fabr., Syst. Antl., 96, 13. Thorax brown, white pruinose ; abdomen red, white spotted, wings with black costal border. 94 lines. From East India. Antennae brown, black at the base and apex. Head yellow haired. Forehead reddish with the usual shining stripe hardly wider below. Thorax with hardly perceptible linear-shaped grey- ish white stripes. Breast sides reddish. The white abdominal spots are situated on the posterior border of each segment, the side borders of these segments and the ventral segmentations are also white. Wings almost hyaline, brownish black on the border. Squamae brown. Halteres white. Inthe Royal Museum. Wied., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., 1, p. 118. This species judging from the description may be identical with Tabanus fumifer, Wik., but it is impossible to identify it with any other species in this group where the species are only divided from each other by very small differences, unless the type or the specimen determined by Wiedemann is seen. Tabanus dives, 2 , in parte, Rondani. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 457 (1875). ? = Tabanus stantoni, n. sp. Type 2 in Genoa Museum seen by me, is the smaller species of two specimens belonging to different species, the larger one I believe to be the same as Tabanus univentris, W\k., and this one is either the same as 7abanus stantont, n. sp., or very nearly allied to it, only differing in the reddish brown abdomen having yellowish segmentations, the under side uniformly yellowish. Wings with lighter veins, yellow in colour, stigma the same, slightly tinged with yellow, no appendix. Face yellowish with yellowish grey hairs. Palpi large, stout, pale yellow with thick black pubescence, and thick yellow pubescence above. Forehead as in Tabanus stanton ,n. sp., the frontal callus yellowish mahogany and more pear- shaped, narrower anteriorly, about ten times as long as it is wide, the forehead with yellowish brown tomentum and black pubes- cence. Antennae incomplete, the first two joints yellow. Length 18 mm. From Sarawak, Borneo. Tabanus felderi, 7 2, Van der Wulp. Notes Leyden Museum, vii, 78, 32; pl. v, fig. 7 (1885). ? Tabanus bucolicus, 7 , Schiner, Reise Novara Dipt., 8£, 4 (1868). Blackish; antennae, palpi, three first segments of abdomen (except the dorsal spots on segments 2 and 3), the posterior border of the following ones and the legs red; eyes naked; wings greyish red, with the angle of the third longitudinal vein omitting an ap- pendix. o@ @, length 22-23 mm. . tgtt.] G. Rrcarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 187 Head greyish white; face of the ~ ochraceous; on the front of the @ araised line, which is broader below. Antennae and palpi reddish yellow; third joint of the antennae on the upper part with a rather sharp tooth, slender towards the end, the tip brown. Palpi in the female as long as the rostrum, in the male much shorter. Eyes bare, bronze-coloured, even after having been moistened without cross-bands; in the male the facets of the unper portion large. Thorax and scutellum greyish black, with hardly any indication of longitudinal bands; pleurae cinereous with a yellow pile. Abdomen in the male pointed, in the female a little narrower towards the end, in both sexes reddish yellow; the first segment blackish below the margin of the scutellum, on the second il third segments a dark grey dorsal spot; the following segments fuscous, with pale reddish yellow hind margin; under surface of abdomen testaceous, with yellow hind margins of the segments. Legs reddish yellow; the tarsi a little darker; front coxae with a long pale yellow pile; hind tibiae in the male fringed with short hairs, the hairs of the outside black. Wings with a reddish grey tinge; the upper branch of the furcated cell angular at its base and with a recurrent vein. A single pair from Ningpo (near Shanghai) presented to Leyden Museum by Dr. Felder. V. d. Wulp, Notes Leyden Museum, vii, p. 78. Tabanus bucoiicus was described by Schiner from one male specimen taken at Hongkong, and from the description and the comparison of one male specimen in the Brit. Mus. coll. with no locality specified, it is possible that Wulp and Schiner described the same species, but as there are no females in any of the col- lections, the matter must be left doubtful for the present. I ap- pend all that Schiner says regarding his species. “Ts exactly the same as Tabanus intermedius, Egger, which, as the name 7. intermedius was used earlier by Walker for a North American species, I shell in future name Tabanus eggeri, [Brauer however retains the original name as he says Walker's species is doubtful; Kertesz in his last Cat. 1906 follows Schiner. | It will suffice to give the differences. The middle of the face in Tabanus bucolicus as well as the frontal triangle are snow-white, the remainder bright yellow, the beard is golden yellow, the legs are entirely bright reddish yellow, the tarsi hardly a little darker. In all other respects similar to Tabanus eggevi. 11 lines.” Brauer remarks at the end of his description of Tabanus inter- medius that Tabanus bucolicus has much larger facets of the eye (o) and these extend above to the ocelligerous tubercle, and thence almost entirely to hind border. Tabanus leucosparsus, ? , Bigot. Nouv. Archiv. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris (3), ii, p. 203 (1890). Length 18 mm. Antennae incomplete, the first two joints brown; palpi, beard, face and forehead whitish grey, frontal callus and tubercle of 188 Records of the Indian Museum. ~ [Vors ivy, vertex chestnut-coloured (ocelli indistinct), the former at the base wider and square, very much restricted in the middle, narrow, oval, prolonged above. Thorax of a pinkish or flesh-coloured grey, sides whitish. Abdomen black, with a median series of triangular spots, wide towards the bases, smaller and smaller towards the extremity, and on each side another series formed of narrow spots, all these spots are whitish; squamae brown; halteres pale fawn- coloured. Legs black, femora with a whitish tomentum below, base of tibiae widely whitish. Wings clear, no appendix. Eyes naked. Laos (Siam), one specimen, Bigot, Nouv. Archiv. Mus. Hist. Nat: Paris:(3), ai,-p) 2028: This species with black abdomen marked with spots may possibly be allied to Tabanus leucopogon, Bigot, from the descrip- tion of the frontal callus, but is a larger insect. Group IX. Forehead with one square, narrow, or oblong callus, always prolonged towards the vertex as a more or less narrow line, four to ten times as long as it is broad. Species with paler bands on the abdomen, spots are also sometimes present, large, medium-sized, or small species. Tabanus orientalis, Wied., Tabanus geniculatus and tncultus, V.d. Wulp, are not included in the table, being unknown to me. Tabanus geniculatus has a very narrow parallel forehead and narrow callus, Tabanus incultus the same but narrower anteriorly. Tabanus servillei, @ . Macq. Dipt. exot., i, p. 132, 13 (1838); Walker, List Dipt. Brit. Mus., Vv, p. 246 (1854). Tabanus pyrausta, 2 , Walker, Zoologist, viii, Appendix Ixv (1850)2 1d; Last Dipt) Bur. Mus. v. p2 246 (16524); Antennae black. Thorax fulvous. Abdomen black; with white segmentations. Wings red; the first posterior cell closed. Length ri lines. Palpi black, wide at the base. Face and forehead greyish yel- low ; the latter narrow with a black line, a little raised anteriorly. Thorax with greyish yellow tomentum. Abdomen black; the four first segments with a narrow yellowish white posterior band. Calyptera blackish, bordered with white. From E. India. M. Mare. Museum. One specimen from Javacccurs in M. Serville’s collection. _Macquart, Diptiexotas p. 132, 13: The specimen mentioned as from Java, is apparently the one with another female now in Mr. Verrall’s coll. in very bad condi- tion, but from the description and comparison of these with Walker’s types there is no doubt they are identical. Walker placed the two / 1g1I.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the spectes of Tabanus. 189 species one after the other in his List Diptera, v, without discover- ing their identity. His type (female) from Mr. Argent’s coll. and another male from Hon. EK. India Company’s Coll. are both from Java and well preserved, and from these the following notes are taken. Q. A large easily distinguished insect, the first posterior cell of the wing closed with a rather long petiole reaching the border ; blackish, the thorax covered with fulvous tomentum and the seg- mentations of the abdomen fulvous. Length 25 mm., the Mac- quart specimens 22 mm. Face covered with fulvous tomentum and with brownish pubes- cence. Beard brown, in one of the Macquart specimens it appears to be mostly golden yellow. Pali large, stout, black, with black pubescence. Antennae black, stout, the first two joints with black hairs, the third joint with a large tooth, and broad at base. Forehead and subcallus the same colour as face, the former very narrow anteriorly, at the vertex quite double the width, about ten times as long asit is wide, the frontal callus reddish brown, very long and narrow, almost reaching the eyes with a long stout lineal extension. Eyes as remarked by Walker with the facets a little larger above. The bright coloured thorax with some scattered yellow hairs, the sides with black hairs; breast same colour as thorax with long yellow pubescence and some brown hairs. Scutellum similar to thorax. Abdomen broad, the lighter segmenta- tion most apparent on the first four segments; under side with whitish segmentations. Legs wholly black, fore tibiae with some greyish tomentum, pubescence black. Wungs tinged deeply reddish yellow, stigma yellowish, veins yellow. @ identical. Eyes with the large facets hardly reaching beyond the apex of the frontal triangle, and the small facets not reaching the vertex. Length 21 mm. Tabanus crassus, 7 , Walker. Dipt. Saund., i, p. 50 (1850). Type male from E. India (Saunders coll.), and other males from Karwan, N. Kanara, India (Bell) (“ in bungalow ’’), Hong- kong (Walker), in Brit. Mus. coll. In Howlett coll. two males from Pusa, Bengal (‘‘ in bungalow’’) In Kertesz coll. males from Formosa. This species, of which curiously enough no females appear to have been collected, is an easily recognized blackish species, the first two segments of the abdomen covered with a hoary tomentum ; wings clear, the first posterior cell narrower at opening. Antennae reddish. Palpi and legs blackish. Length of type 19 mm., others I5—20mm. Face and subcallus covered with yellowish brown tomentum, the tormer with blackish brown hairs. Beard the same colour, thick. Palpi black with grey tomentum and blackhairs. Antennae dull reddish yellow, black on apex, the first two joints with black 190 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, pubescence, the third joint narrow, slender, with a small tooth. Eyes large, the large facets very distinct, the small facets hardly reaching the vertex. Thorax reddish brown or blackish brown, with yellowish brown tomentum and blackish pubescence. Scutellum the same. _Aldomen blackish brown or reddish brown, the first two segments reddish, densely covered with ashy grey tomentum, the segmentations very indistinctly paler, the pubescence on dorsum close, black, at sides black ; under side more reddish brown. Legs appearing black, but often dull reddish covered with thick close black pubescence, the femora and hind tibiae with longer black fringes. Wings quite clear, stigma hardly apparent, pale yellow, veins on fore border sometimes blackish, otherwise yellow, the first posterior cell in type slightly narrowed, in some others more distinctly so, no appendix. It isjust possible that Tabanus basalts, 2° , Macquart, may prove to be the female, but it is a very much narrower bodied insect with dark wings. Tabanus albocostatus, 2 , Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 649 (1892). [Atvlotus.] Type ¢@ from India. No specimens of this species are in the collections mentioned in this paper. It is a medium-sized specimen distinguished by the lighter colour of the sides of thorax and of scutellum, the abdomen being a dull brown with very narrow pale segmentations, antenne (incomplete), palpi and beard dark, legs brown. Forehead rather narrow. Length 21 mm. Face and subcallus brown with yellowish brown tomentum, pubescence dark brown. Beard brown. Palpi dull reddish, covered with grey tomentum and with close black pubescence, long, not very stout at base, ending in an obtuse point. Antennae with the first two joints same colour as palpi, with black pubescence. Forehead brown with grey tomentum, raised, about eight times as long as it is broad, anteriorly reduced to almost half the width it is at vertex, frontal callus black, long, not reaching the eyes, its lineal extension stout, broad, ending in a finer point, not much longer than the callus itself which is oblong. Thorax reddish brown on dorsum, its sides redder, covered together with the shoulders with greyish tomentum which extends narrowly round the posterior border, scutellum covered with it also, pubescence of thorax now almost mil, a few white hairs present, on shoulders brown; breast brown with yellowish brown tomentum and brown pubescence. Abdomen dull brown, the segmentations very narrowly reddish yellow, with traces of a few white hairs in the middle, and white hairs are distinct on the sides of the first five segments, pubescence otherwise black; under side identical. Legs blackish with black pubescence, the tibiae more dull reddish brown. Wings tinged brown on fore border, veins and stigma brown, no appendix. tgtt.] G. Rrcarpdo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. IgI Tabanus explicatus, ? , Walker. List Dipt:, v, p. 328 (1854). Types, two females from Sikhim, E. Himalayas (Hooker) ; another female from Khasi Hills (Chennell coll.) ; two females from Coonoor, Central India. One male from Khasi Hills (Chennell coll.). A black species with narrow fulvous segmentations on the abdomen, yellowish white tibiae and hyaline wings with yellow veins and stigma. Length 21 mm. Face covered with greyish yellow tomentum and a few white hairs. Beard pale yellowish. Palpi reddish with thick black pubescence, almost the same width throughout, the apices obtuse. Antennae reddish, the third joint dusky, broad at base with a prominent tooth, the first two joints with black pubescence. Forehead and subcallus same colour as face, the former nearly seven times as long as it is broad and a third narrower anteriorly, the frontal callus blackish brown, shining, oblong, not reaching the eyes witha rather thick lineal extension. Thorax with some grey tomentum, reddish at sides, hairs on sides yellowish. Abdo- men blackish with narrow reddish segmentations on every segment, which in fresh specimens are covered with whitish hairs, often extending in the middle to almost a triangular spot, dorsum other- wise appears devoid of pubescence ; under side similar. Legs black, tibiae pale yellowish, black at apices, fore coxae densely covered with yellowish grey tomentum, femora and tibiae with white, apices of tibiae and tarsi with black pubescence. Wangs very slightly tinged yellow on second and third longitudinal veins. The specimens from Coonoor probably discoloured have more reddish brown colouring on the abdomen which has yellowish pubescence. ‘The male is identical with the female, the large facets occupy two-thirds of the eye, the small facets extending as a narrow border to the vertex. Tabanus nicobarensis, @ , Schiner. Reise Novara Dipt., p. 81 (1866). Black : thorax with some grey tomentum and with three paler stripes, only distinct in certain lights and then especially so anter- iorlv, sides also paler, the shoulders with white tomentum ; breast sides and scutellum ashy grey ; the short pubescence on the dorsum ‘of thorax chiefly black or at least dark, but whitish on the sides of breast, with a black-haired stripe from the base of wings to the shoulders. Abdomen black-brown, the first segment whitish at the sides, all segmentations clothed with snow-white short hairs which are extended in the middle to small, blunt, triangular spots ; under sides identical ; viewed from behind towards the light a dark cinnamon-brown tomentum spreads over the whole abdomen which, in comparison with the thorax viewed in the same light and appearing very light grey, stands out in strong contrast. Head black, with whitish tomentum and shining white pubescence; the 192 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, forehead anteriorly likewise whitish, but with a bright brassy yellow glimmer ; the shining black callus situated rather far from the antennae, oblong, filling up the entire width of forehead, its posterior border with two incisions so that points appear at each side, but from the middle a shining black line proceeds towards the vertex, which is at first wider and from behind to the middle deeply incised fork-like ; in the place where usually the ocelli are situated appear two shining black raised little lines near each other; the remaining surface of the forehead is grey tomentose, as is the rather distinctly concave hind part of head; proboscis black and short, the labella long. Palpi black-brown, with paler tomentum, broad at the base then gradually ending in a point, curved, a little shorter than the proboscis. Antennae black, the first projecting above; the second very short with a thorny point, the third on the upper side with a shallow incision, the angle only slightly projecting. Eyes naked. Legs black, the tibiae by reason of the paler thick tomentum at the base, appearing whitish, the fore tarsi unusually broad and short. Wings tinged deep smoky brown, the centres of cells rather paler, fore border darker, the first posterior cell widely open, no appendix. Length 7 lines. Four females from Nicobar Islands, one from Nankauri, the others from Sambelong. The species could only be compared with Tabanus brunneus, Macq., but there is no trace of black spots on the abdomen, neither of median spots, and the sides are not whitish yellow. Tabanus brunneus is also larger—8 lines. Schiner, Reise Novara Dipt., p. 81. Two females from Nicobar Islands, 1904 (Bingham coll.; col- lected by G. Rogers, Esq., Deputy Surveyor of Forests), in British Museum coll. ; In these specimens the wings are clear, veins brown. ‘The forehead is about eight times as long as it is broad, and a third narrower anteriorly. ‘The frontal callus large, a little protuberant, reaching the eyes, with a lineal extension. Length 16-163 mm. The comparison with Tabanus brunneus appears to me mislead- ing, but no doubt Schiner had not had the advantage of seeing the type. Tabanus justorius, Rondani. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 455 (1875). From Province Sarawak, Borneo. . Length 15—17 mm. @. Body black; forehead brown-grey, callus linear, black, shining ; face white. Antennae black. Palpi obscurely brown. ‘Thorax, particularly at the pleurae, white, pruinose. Wings blackish, the two basal cells in the middle, and a stripe under the third longitudinal vein almost hyaline: costal border blacker ; stigma black, appendix present. Halteres blackish, with the knob largely whitish. Igtt.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 193 Abdomen black, the posterior segments with white bands, which are a little dilated in the middle of dorsum ; under side with four white bands. Legs wholly black. Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, Vii, p. 455. Type female and another fron. Sarawak seen by me in Nat. Hist. Museum, Genoa. No specimens are present in the collections named in this paper, but an easily identified species. Blackish with white-haired bands on abdomen, legs and antennae black. Length 17 mm. Face grey with white pubescence. Palpi yellow, with thick black pubescence. Antennae now incomplete, the first joint with black pubescence. ‘The frontal callus long on the narrow forehead, with a short linear extension. Forehead quite seven times as long as it is wide and nearly two-thirds narrower anteriorly. Subcallus with grey tomentum. Thorax blackish brown with grey tomentum, and very indistinct stripes. Scufedlum brown with grey tomentum. Abdomen rather long and narrow, the first segment broadly whitish grey tomentose, second, third, fourth with whitish grey haired narrow bands enlarged in the middle, the fifth and sixth with white- haired median spots, colour of abdomen blackish brown with black pubescence ; under side similar. Legs brownish black, the pubes- cence black. Wings deeply tinged with brown, the discal, second basal cell and apex almost clear, appendix present. Tabanus khasiensis, 2 , Ricardo. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), iti, p. 487 (1909). Type @ and two other females from Khasi Hills, Assam, T,000—3,000 ft. One female from Meerut (Indian Museum coll.). A black medium-sized species with white bands on the abdo- men. Antennae, palpi and legs blackish. Wings hyaline, tinged with brown. Length 15-16 mm. Nearly allied to Tabanus justorius, Rondani, from Borneo but distinguished by the more hyaline wings, by the forehead being the same width throughout, and by the darker palpi. Face covered with greyish tomentum in the middie, on the cheeks and subcallus with vellowish brown tomentum, the pubes- cence black. Beard black. Palpi on outside appearing blackish covered with grey tomentum and with black pubescence, on the inside obscure reddish yellow, long and pointed, stouter at base. Antennae dull reddish black or black, the first two joints with grey tomentum and black pubescence, the tooth of third joint small. Forehead same colour as subcallus, the same width throughout, with a few black hairs, nearly seven times as long as it is broad ; the frontal callus oblong, narrow, brown, not reaching the eyes, furrowed in the middle, with a long rarrow linear extension. Thorax, scutellum and abdomen brownish black, the former with grey tomentum and traces of two stripes, the pubescence black, a few appressed white hairs anteriorly ; sides with black hairs, a tuft of white hairs behind the base of wings; breast black with grey 194 Records of the Indian Museum. Vor ay tomenttim and black and white hairs. Scutellum on outer border covered with grey tomentum, pubescence black, white on the outer grey border. Abdomen with distinct white-haired bands on every segment except the seventh, enlarging slightly in the middle to half-moon spots and wider at the sides; under side similar. Legs black or brownish black, with black pubescence, coxae with white pubescence, and a few white hairs on hind femora below, the tibiae are sometimes obscurely reddish brown at base. Wings clear, tinged faintiy with brown, in one specimen it is more distinct and borders the longitudinal veins. Tabanus sanguineus, 2? , Walker. Dipt. Saund., i, p. 54 (1850). Tabanus assamensis, 2 , Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 653 (1892). [Atvlotus.] Walker type @ from Java (Saunders coll.). Bigot type @ , faded, from Assam. In Brit. Mus. coll. females from Kelantan, Malacca; and Hongkong. In Howlett coll. from Pusa, Bengal; and Khasi Hills, I ,o00O—3,000 ft. high. Others sent for identification from Darien Tipus and Negui Sembilan, Federated Malay States; Kuala Lumpur and Jelebu, Federated Malay States ; Lushai Hills, Burma; and Formosa. In Kertesz coll. two females fron: Sumatra. This species has a wide distribution and is a handsome, easily recognised species, but very liable to vary in appearance owing to denudation on abdomen. In well-preserved specimens the abdo- men appears blackish or reddish brown, with well-marked whitish- haired triangular spots on each segment, and with white-haired posterior borders, widest at sides. Forehead wide with large club- shaped callus. All the tibiae white. Length of type 174 mm., others 18—21I mm. Face covered with light greyish tomentum and with rather thick silvery white pubescence. Palfi yellow or light reddish with white pubescence and some black hairs at apex, short, stout, ending in a point. Beard silvery white. Antennae reddish brown with distinct tooth, the first two joints with black pubescence, the third joint long and slender. Forehead broad, short, rather more than four times as long as it is wide, almost the same width throughout, darker than the face with chiefly black pubescence, the frontal callus red-brown, large, oblong, almost reaching the eyes with a stout spindle-shaped extension. Thorax reddish brown or blackish brown, with grey tomentum on dorsum and chiefly black pubescence, stripes on well-preserved specimens distinct, sides with black hairs, round root of wings tufts of white hairs. Scutellum same as thorax, bordered with a short fringe of white hairs. Abdomen reddish brown, often blackish brown, with white rg1I.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of ‘Tabanus. 195 haired segmentations on a grey tomentose border, enlarged in the middle as broad, triangular spots, and at the sides wider and more distinct ; under side blackish with the sides broadly white haired. Legs black, all tibiae with the exception of the apices pale yellow or white, the pubescence on coxae, femora, pale part of tibiae white, elsewhere black. Wings clear, stigma very pale yellow, veins brown, all posterior cells widely open. Tabanus oxyceratus, 2 , Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 652 (1892). [A?ylotus.| Type 2? from India. In Brit. Mus. coll. females from Cheena Forest, Himalayas, and N. Chin Hills, Burma. In Indian Museum coll. from Mussoorie, India. A small black species with grey segmentations and grey median spots on the abdomen. Frontal callus large, protuberant, prolonged in a short, very thick line ending in a point. Forehead wide. Legs black, tibiae yellowish. Length of type 13 mm., others 11-123 mm. Face covered with grey tomentum and with whitish or yellowish hairs. Palpi long, not very stout at base, ending in an obtuse point, reddish yellow densely covered with black hairs. Antennae dull reddish, darker at apex, the first two joints with black pubes- cence, the second very small, the third wide at base with very slight angle. Subcallus and forehead covered with brownish yellow tomentum. forehead wide, slightly narrower anteriorly, about four times as long as it is broad, the frontal callus blackish, not quite reaching the eyes, the forehead with dark markings beyond the apex of callus and on vertex. Thorax with two distinct grey stripes, grey at the sides, breast with white pubescence. Scutellum in well-preserved specimen with a grey tomentose posterior border covered with white hairs. Abdomen short, the broad but short- ened triangular grey-haired spots are present from 2—5 segments, the segmentations reddish yellow but covered with grey hairs and grey tomentum; under side with reddish yellow segmentations, pubescence on dorsum of abdomen black Legs black, the tibiae on basal two-thirds reddish yellow with whitish hairs on the lighter part, the fore coxae and hind femora with white pubescence, else- where it is black. Wangs hyaline, stigma yellow, veins reddish yellow, appendix present. In the two specimens from Burma the hairs on the segmenta- tions are yellowish. Tabanus orientis, ¢ , Walker. (Pl. xiv, fig. 18.) fast Dipts, 1,.p.'152- (2848). Tabanus consocius, 2 , Walker, Dipt. Saund., i, p. 50 (1850). Tabanus perlinea, 2 , Walker, l.c. = 196 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, The type of Tabanus onentis is from Nepal, the types of Tabanus consocius and perlinea from India, Saunders coll. In Brit. Mus. coll. specimens from N. W. Province; Naini Tal and Thandiani, Himalayas; N. India ; W. Bhutan. In Indian Mus. coll. from Mussoorie, N. India, about 7,000 feet ; in Brunetti coll. from Naini Tal, Kumaon, 6—7,000 feet (Lloyd); Minda, Nepal, and from Dongagali, Murree district, W. Himalayas. It appears to be a Northern Indian species in distri- bution. A medium-sized species with almost clear wings and a reddish yellow abdomen which, when not denuded, is clothed with yellowish or whitish triangular median spots and segmentations. Forehead moderately broad with a large callus, its linear extension almost the same width as itself. Legs black, the tibiae yellowish. Eyes with three bands. Length 15—17 mm. Face covered with yellowish or greyish tomentum. Beard and pubescence of face yellowish white. Palpi long, slender, only slightly stouter at base, ending in a rather obtuse apex, with scanty black pubescence and few white hairs below. Antennae red, often darker at apex, the first two joints and the apex of tooth with black hairs. Forehead slightly narrower anteriorly, about five times as long as it is wide, covered with yellowish or white tomentum and with some black pubescence, the frontal callus blackish or reddish brown, oblong, not reaching the eyes, its linear extension quite two- thirds its own width, though sometimes narrower at its lower end where it joins the callus. Eyes with three bands.. Thorax black, when undenuded covered with yellowish tomentum and_ with appressed pale yellow hairs, the pubescence black, no stripes visible ; the hairs at sides black: breast covered with yellowish white tomentum and with white pubescence; scutellum same as thorax. Abdomen reddish yellow on the three first segments with the exception of a large black median spot on the second and third, very distinct when insect is denuded, the fourth segment is very largely the same colour but often blackish on its posterior border, the remaining segments appear blackish but in the fresh insect the posterior segments are widely yellow, on all the segments appear yellow-haired triangular spots, and the segmentations are all yellow tomentose with yellow pubescence, elsewhere on the dorsum the pubescence is black, under side reddish yellow, only the extreme apex black, with yellow short pubescence. In some specimens the abdomen is darker with blackish markings on each segment, but the large callus of forehead distinguishes the species without diffi- culty. Legs black, the tibiae a rather transparent yellow, the fore pair black at the apex, the femora with yellowish white tomentum and pubescence, the tibiae and tarsi with chiefly black pubescence. Wings usually clear, sometimes slightly tinged, usually without an appendix. The eyes in life are described as greenish with three Violet-green bands. Tabanus orientalis, Wied., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 145, from E. India, must be very nearly allied to this species, but Wiedemann tgtr.j G. Ricarpdo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 197 states the legs are ochre-brown, and calls the thorax yellowish with broad reddish brown stripes. It may possibly be identical with Tabanus consanguineus, Macquart, which has however yellowish legs. Tabanus fulvimedius, ¢ , Walker. List Dipt., i, p. 152 (1848). Tabanus melanopygatus, 2 , Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, p. 651 (1892). [Atylotus.] Tabanus pagodinus, 2 , Bigot, /.c., p. 654 (1892). [Atylotus.] The type of Tabanus fulvimedius is a 9 from Nepal (Hard- wicke Bequest), in bad condition, in the description the locality is given as doubtful: there is another @ in the Brit. Mus. coll. from N. Chin Hill, Burma. There is no doubt that both the Bigot species are identical, though the frontal callus in pagodinus varies slightly, having a narrower prolongation, described by Bigot as ‘‘ fortement retrecie au milieu,’’ he also mentions another callosity on the vertex—which, however, only appears owing to denudation—and the presence of black pubescence. The three bands on the eyes are just dis- cernible. In Dr. Kertesz’s collection there is a long series of females from Formosa, in very good preservation, with the pubescence on the abdomen perfect. The species is very nearly allied to Tabanus ortentis, Walker, the only apparent difference being in the more widely black apex, the last four segments being dark in this species. The wings are tinged with brown. A medium-sized reddish brown species, with a rather broad forehead about six times as long as it is broad, only slightly narrower at the vertex, with a large oblong callus prolonged as a thick linear extension. Antennae red, palpi slender, reddish yellow with black pubescence. Abdomen reddish brown on the first three segments, black on the remaining ones with narrow yellow segmentations, when undenuded with large greyish yellow haired more or less triangular-shaped median spots on each segment, forming a con- tinuous stripe. Legs black, the tibiae reddish yellow. Wings usually with a short appendix and slightly tinged brown. Length 15-16 mm. The series from Formosa have the abdomen blacker, often only the first two segments being reddish yellow and not always entirely so. ‘The wings are very distinctly tinged brown often without an appendix. Tabanus consanguineus, ¢ , Macq. Dipt.exot.-1 (i), p. 127 (1838). Black. Abdomen with three white stripes, the lateral ones not reaching the apex. Legs red. Length 5$ lines. 198 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOLEV: Palpi yellowish white, terminating in an acute point. Face and forehead of a pale yellowish grey; the latter with an elongated brown callus, continued as a rather wide band. Antennae; the first two joints ferruginous; the third wanting. Thorax brown, with whitish stripes and tomentum; sides ashy grey. Abdomen black; a dorsal narrow stripe of a rather yellowish white, very distinct, extends to the end of the sixth segment and is prolonged on the seventh by a greyish line; a similar stripe on each side only extends to the third segment, being faintly prolonged on the fourth by an oblong little spot; lateral borders whitish ; under side pale fawn with white tomentum. Legs with white tomentum. Halteres ferruginous. Alulae and, wings clear; stigma yellow. From the coast of Malabar. Collected by Mons. Dussumier. Museum. This species resembles Tabanus guinecensis, indicus, trilineatus, lineola, occtdentalis, trivittatus, dorsiger, quinquevittatus, costalis, obsoletus, but appears to us distinct from all. Macq., Dipt. exot., 1 (Leper 27. From the above description I concluded the species was the same as Tabanus striatus, Fabr., but on seeing the type in the Paris Museum I find it is not so, but is nearly related to Tabanus orvientis, and fulvimedius, Walker, from which it seems only distinguished by its smaller size, and the legs being wholly yellow. The type is in a dirty condition, labelled from Malabar. Forehead broad, with the same shaped callus as in TYabanus ovtentis, reddish brown, extending almost as a straight stripe to the vertex. Palpi yellow, small and pointed. Thorax with grey tomentum. Abdomen blackish with pale white-haired segmenta- tions, red-yellow on the first two segments and on the sides of the third; no stripes or spots now visible; under side pale yellowish. Wings clear, veins and stigma yellow. Length 12 mm. Comparing it with a specimen of Tabanus orientis from the Brit. Mus. coll. it appeared similar allowing for denudation, with the exception of the lighter coloured legs and smaller size, so that for the present it seems best to keep it distinct from the Walker species. Tabanus orientalis, 7, Wiedemann. Anal. Ent., 21, 8 (1824) ; 7d., Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 145 (1828). Yellow; thorax with brown stripes; abdomen posteriorly almost with bands, with a stripe of white spots. 6% lines; ~ from East India. Antennae rusty yellow. Face mouldy grey; palpi colour of chamois-leather ; beard grey. Thorax yellowish with broad reddish brown stripes, the median one broadest, cut short behind, divi- ded longitudinally by a pale yellowish line; scutellum clear brown with a paler border; pleurae chamois-leather-colour. (Wiedemann, in Auss. Zweifl. Ins., i, p. 145, where he repeats this description, 1gtI.] G. Ricardo: Revision of the spectes of ‘Tabanus. 199 substitutes breast sides for pleurae.) Abdomen inclining to rusty yellow; on the posterior segments the base is clear brown, which appears as an indistinctly defined band; on the posterior border of each segment a triangular spot appears, and the border itself has whitish hairs. Wings more or less tinged yellowish, with almost leather-vellow veins. Halteres yellowish. Legs ochre- brown. Inthe Royal Museum. Wied., Anal. Entom., 21, 8. Tabanus incultus, 2 , Van der Wulp. Sumatra Exped. Dipt.; 17, 4, pl. i, fig. 8 (788). Two females in Lebong, Sumatra, in May. Brown. Antennae ferruginous. Abdomen with ochraceous segmentations ; anterior legs black, tibiae at the base yellow. @. Length 14-15 5 mm. Face yellowish, with ashy grey tomentum, towards the borders of the eyes lighter; forehead more rust-coloured ; frontal band very narrow, gradually widening towards the vertex; the black stripe lineal; pubescence of the face brownish. Beard tawny yellow. Eyes naked, with fine network. Antennae red-yellow, the first joint triangular, the second above with a little bristle, the third at the base with a sharp tooth, the apex of which is brown, the curved end of the joint black- brown (see plate). Palpi grey-brown; proboscis black. Thorax - and scutellum grey-brown with partly yellow, partly black-brown pubescence, which is longer on the sides of the breast ; on the thorax some traces of lighter stripes. Abdomen above black-brown, with ochre yellow segmentations which are distinctly marked, especially in the middle, by a short white pubescence; under side red-brown with very broad yellow bands on the segments. Fore legs black, the tibiae for wholly two-thirds at the base pale yellow ; middle legs brown-yellow, the coxae and femora at their base blackish, the tarsi with the exception of the base, black-brown; hind legs black-brown with the knees besides the inner border and apex of tibiae yellowish; the pubescence of legs pale and appressed, except on the outer side of the hind tibiae where it is very dark brown and upstanding. Halteres yellow. Wings tinged yellow- grey, more brown-yellow along the fore border; the stripe-shaped stigma tobacco-brown, the neuration normal. Although the above specimens have too much conformity with each other, for me to have the least doubt of their belonging to the same species, yet I must refer to single differences. The description is taken from the largest specimen; in the other the forehead and face are uni- formly ochre-yellow, also the pubescence of the face, of the beard, and of the segmentations of the abdomen, which are broadened out in the middle into triangular spots; the under side is darker; the hind tibiae are except at the apex wholly yellow, yet they have nevertheless black-brown pubescence on the outsides. V. d. Wulp, Sumatra Exped. Dipt., p. 17. 200 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor Tabanus geniculatus, ° , Van der Wulp. Sumatra Exped. Diptera, 16, 2, pl. i, figs. 7, 7a (1881). From Lebong (Sumatra) in May. Thorax dark ashy grey, substriated; abdomen brownish red, the fore borders of segments brown; antennae and palpi brown: legs black, knees reddish yellow. Length 21 mm. Related to the former species (7abanus tmmanis, Wied.) but somewhat larger and distinguished by the black legs, of which alone the knees are red-vellow, by the darker borders of the abdominal segments and by the darker beard. Frontal band very narrow, posteriorly not wider, in the middle with a shining black stripe-shaped line. Eyes naked, with very fine network, forehead, face and cheeks with reddish grey tomentum ; face with red coloured pubescence; beard black-brown. Antennae, proboscis and palpi black-brown ; the antennae on the inner side with grey tomentum, the first joint triangular, the second very short, above with a bristle; the third with an acute tooth and in consequence deeply indented. ‘Thorax and scutellum with dark ashy grey tomentum ; the thorax with indistinct stripes, between which in some lights appear pale brown-yellow stripes; breast sides dark grey-brown; the fore breast and fore coxae with darker pubescence. Abdomen brown-red, a little metallic, with dark brown fore borders to the segments ; under side black-brown with reddish segmentations. Legs black with red-yellow knees. Wings of a grey-brown tinge, along the border distinctly yellow-brown, stigma as a brown shadow at the end of the subcostal vein. V.d.Wulp, Sumatra mMxped. Dipt., 16, 2, pl.1, fig.7. GROUP X. Forehead with one square, narrow or oblong callus, always prolonged towards the vertex as a more or less narrow line, five to ten times as long as it is broad. Species with the abdomen uni- colorous or nearly so, sometimes darker at apex, but with no spots or bands, large, medium-sized or small species. The following species are not included in the table, being un- known to me, but probably belong to this group. Tabanus ardens, Wied. ; Macquart described the male, the type of which is probably lost. Tabanus laotianus, 2, and melanognathus, @, Bigot, the latter described as having a yellow abdomen and black legs, the former with legs greyish black, the tibiae greyish at base. Tabanus ixion, 7 , Osten Sacken, from Philippines. Tabanus fumipennis, Van der Wulp, must be nearly related to labanus caerulescens, Macq. Tabanus birmanicus, Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 653 (1892). [Aévylotus.]| 1g1t.] G. Ricarpo: Revision of the species of Tabanus. 201 Type the only specimen, a female, from Burma. In Brit. Mus. coll. are females from Ningpoh, India (H. M. Lefroy). In Kertesz coll. one from ITushai Hills, Burma ; and another from Kuala Lumpur, Malay, London School Tropica! Medicine coll. A medium-sized dark brown species with lighter thorax, wings tinged brown, legs black, with white tibiae and a narrow forehead. Length of type 18 mm., others 16—19 mm. Face covered with bright yellowish brown tomentum and with brownish yellow hairs. Beard same colour as face. Awntennae bright reddish, darker at apex, first two joints with black hairs, the third long and slender and narrow, witha small tooth at base. Palpi yellow with black pubescence, stout ending in an obtuse point. Subcallus same colour as face. JLovehead a little darker, with black pubescence, about seven times as long as it 1s narrow, and a third narrower anteriorly, the frontal callus long, narrow, not reaching the eyes with a linear extension, red-brown in colour. Thorax covered with nearly the same coloured tomentum as the face but slightly darker, and with short appressed fulvous hairs and pubescence, shoulders and sides with black hairs; breast the same colour, with black pubescence. Scutellum same as thorax. ) +) +) ») 2 3.— — 5.— b= ln oS 9 — LO. —— jG G—— L2Z2—— Dp) +) +) hirtipalprs. +”) btcallosus. hacinctus. nemocallosus. strtatus. albimeduus. brunntpennts. jucundus. puteus rubicundus. Ree. Ind. Mus., Vol. IV, Igtt. Plate X1Re G. Edwards, Bemrose Lt? Derby. i" ¢ y ¥ | Ae bert Ni \ i eo + BF yin EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIV. Fic. 13.—Tabanus stantont. yo 4s ge fumefer. joel Sue 0-52 dissimilts. 16 =—© |. leucopogon, eae? er discrepans. ee Oe ee, ortentis. 3 LO 3; palpalis. so 20 &, ae) ne subcinerascens. 5 223— 35 ceylonicus. 323. ee glaber. 5 24.—- 4, persis. Rec. Ind. Mus., Vol. IV, rorr. Plate XIV G. Edwards, Bemrose,L*4 Derby —. Part V.—Revision of the Oriental Leptide. Revised and annotated Catalogue of Oriental Bombylide, with descriptions of new species. Vol. ITI, 1909. Part I.—The Races of Indian Rats. Part II.—Notes on Freshwater Sponges, X. Report on a collection of aquatic animals made in Tibet by Capt. F. H. Stewart in 1907, II. Note on some amphibious Cockroaches. Description de quelques nouvelles Cécidomyies des Indes. Description of new land and marine shells from Ceylon and S. India. Description of two new species of Cavanx from the Bay of Bengal. Remarks on some little known Indian Ophidia. Remarks on some forms of Dipsadomorphus. A pelagic Sea-Anemone without tentacles. Rhynchota Malayana, II. Part IIf.—Notes on the Neuroptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. New Indian Leptide and Bombylide, with a note on Comastes, Os.Sac., v. Heterostylum, Macq. Notes on the Trichoptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. Diagnoses of new species and varieties of Freshwater Crabs, I—3. Report on a small collection of Lizards trom Travancore. Descriptions of three new Cicinde- linze from Borneo. The relation between fertility and normality in Rats. Des- cription of a Barnacle of the genus Scalpellum from Malaysia. The Hemipterous family Poly:tenide. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, XI. Descriptions of two new shells from 5.India. Preliminary note on a new genus of Phylactolematous Polyzoa. Miscellanea. Part IV.—Description of a minute Hymenopterous insect from Calcutta. The Insect Fauna of Tirhut, No. 1. Descriptions of new species of Botta and Nemachilus. New Oriental Sepsine. A new species of Fredervicella from Indian lakes. Diagnoses of new species and varieties of freshwater crabs, No. 4. On some new or little- known Mygalomorph spiders from the Oriental region and Australasia. Vol. IV, 1910. No. I.—Second report on the collection of Culicidee in the Indian Museum, with des- criptions of new genera and species. Nos, II and III.—The Indian species of Papataci Fly (Phlebotomus), Taxonomic values in Culicide. No. IV.—Revision of the Oriental blood-sucking Muscide (Stomoxine, Phtlema- tomyia, Aust., and Pristirhynchomyia, gen. nov.). No. V.—A new arrangement of the Indian Anopheline. Vol. V, 1910. Part I.-—The Hydroids of the Indian Museum, I. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, XII. Descriptions of new Shells in the collection of the Indian Museum from Burma, Siam and the Bay of Bengal. Materials for a revision of the Phylactolematous Polyzoa of India. Studies on the aquatic Oligocheta of the Punjab. An undes- cribed Burmese Frog allied to Rana tigrina. Miscellanea. Part II.—Description d’Ophiures nouvelles provenant des derniéres campagnes de ‘*]’Investigator ’’ dans 1’Océan Indien. Description d’Holothuries nouvelles appartenant au Musée Indien. The races of Indian rats, II. Description of a new species of Scalpellum from the Andaman sea. Descriptions of five uew species of marine shells from the Bay of Bengal. Notes on fish from India and Persia, with descriptions of new species. Part IiI.—A new genus of Psychodid Diptera from the Himalayas and Travancore. The Indian barnacles of the subgenus Smilium, with remarks on the classification of the genus Scalpcllum. On a sub-species of Scutigerella unguiculata, Hansen, found in Calcutta. The distribution of the oriental Scolopendride. Notes on Decapoda in the Indian Museum, I. Description of a new species of Nemachilus from Northern India. Notes on the larve of Toxorhynchites immtsericors, Wk. Description ¢f a South Indian frog allied to Rana corrugata of Ceylon. Contri- butions to the fauna of Yunnan, Introduction and Part I, Miscellanea. Part IV.—Notes .and descriptions of Indian Microlepidoptera. On some aquatic oligochaete worms commensal in Spongilla cartert. On Bothrioneurum iris, Beddard. Notes on nudibranchs from the Indian Museum. On the classification of the Potamonidae (Telphusidae). Catalogue of the pheasants, peafowl, jungle fowl and spur fowl in the Indian Museum. On certain species of Palaemon from Sonth India. Alluaudella himalayensts, a new species of degenerate (*) cockroach, with an account of the venation found in the genera Cardax and Alluauaella. Rhynchota Malayana, III. No. No. No. No. MEMOIRS of the INDIAN MUSEUM Vol. I. . 1.—An account of the Rats of Calcutta. By W. C. Hossack. Rs. 5-8. . 2.—An account of the Internal Anatomy of Bathynomus giganieus. By R. E, T,Lovp. Rs. 2. . 3 Aand B.—The Oligocheta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands, with an account of the anatomy of certain aquatic forms. By W. MICHAELSEN and J. STEPHENSON. Rs. 4-8. : 4.—Investigator sicarius, a Gephyrean Worm hitherto undescribed, the type of a new order. By F. H. STEWART. Rs. 2. Vol. II. . 1.—Report on the Fishes taken by the Bengal Fisheries Steamer ‘‘ Golden Crown. ’’ Part I.—Batoidei. By N. ANNANDALE. Rs. 2. . 2,—An account of the Indian Cirripedia Pedunculata. Part I.—Family Lepadide (sensu stricto). By N. ANNANDALE. Rs. 2. 3.—A description of the deep-sea fish caught by the R.I.M.S. Ship “ Investiga- tor’’ since the year 1900, with supposed evidence of mutation in Malthopsis, and Illustrations of the Zoology of the R.I.M.S. Ship ‘‘ Investigator,’’ Fishes, Plates XLIV—L, 19c9. By R. E. Lnoyvp. Rs. 4-8. 4.—Etude sur les Chironomides des Indes Orientales, avec description de quelques nouvelles espéces d’Egypte. ParJ.J. KIEFFER. Rs. 2. Vol. IIT. _ 1.—Report on the Fishes taken by the Bengal Fisheries Steamer ‘‘ Golden Crown.’’ Part II.—Additional notes on the Batoidei. By N. ANNANDALE. Part III —Plectognathi and Pediculati. By N. ANNANDALE and J. T. JENKINS. Part I1V.—Pleuronectidae. By J. T. JENKINS. Rs. 3. 2,—Studies in post-larval development and minute anatomy in the genera Scalpellum and Ibla. By F. H. StEw4RT. Rs. 4. Other Publications edited and sold by the Superintendent of the Indian Museum (also obtainable from Messrs. Friedlander & Sohn) issued by the Director of the Royal Indian Marine. Illustrations of the Zoology of the R.I.M.S. ‘‘ Investigator ’’ 1892. Fishes, Plates I to VII. Crustacea, Plates I to V, 1894. Fishes, Plates VII to XIII. Crustacea, Plates VI to VIII. Ech- inoderma, Plates I to III, 1895. Echinoderma, Plates IV and V. Fishes, Plates XIV to XVI. ‘Crustacea, Plates IX to XV, 1896. Crustacea, Plates XVI to XXVII, 1897. Fishes, Plate XVII. = oon Plates XXVIII to XXXII. Mollusca, Plates I to VI, 1898. Fishes, Plates XVIII to XXIV. Crustacea, Plates XXXII to XXXV. Mollusca, Plates VII and VIII, 1899. Fishes, - Plates XXV and XXVI. Crustacea, Plates XXXVI to XLV, 1900. Fishes, Plates XXVII to _XXXV. Crustacea, Plates XLVI to XLVITI. Index, Part E I9Ol. Crustacea, Plates XLIX a % to LV. Mollusca, Plates IX to XIII, 1902. Crustacea, Plates LVI to L XVII. Crustacea, Plates _ LXVIII to LXXVI. Fishes, Plates XXXVI to XXXVIII, 1905. Crustacea (Malacostraca), Plates __LXXVII to LXXIX. Crustacea (Entomostraca), Plates I and II. Mollusca, Plates XIV to _ XVIII, 1907. Fishes, Plates XXXIX to XLIII. Crustacea (Entomostraca), Plates III to V. = Mollusca, Plates XIX ‘and XX, 1908.—Re. 1 per me Mollusca, Plates XXI to XXIII, 1909.— As. 8 per ‘plate. ; , y a SRE 6 yo RECORDS of the INDIAN MUSEUM Vol. I, 1907. Part I.—Contributions to the Fauna of the Arabian Sea. Records of Hemiptera and Hymenoptera from the Himalayas. Further notes on Indian Freshwater Ento- mostraca. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, I—IIT. A Sporozoon from the Heart of a Cow. Miscellanea. Pavt II7.—Revision of the Oriental Stratiomyide. Description of an Oligochete Worm allied to Chetogaster. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IV. Further Note on a Polyzoon from the Himalayas. Reports on a collection of Batrachia, Reptiles and Fish from Nepal and the Western _ Himalayas. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, V. Notes on Oriental Diptera, I and II. Miscellanea. Pavt III.—Report on the Marine Polyzoa in the collection of the Indian Museum. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VI. A third note on Earwigs (Dermaptera) in the Indian Museum, with the description of a new species. Notes on Oriental Diptera, III. Description of a new snake from Nepal. Notes on a collection of marketable fish from Akyab, with a description of a new species of Lactavius. Description of two freshwater Oligochete Worms from the Punjab. Notes on Phosphorescence in Marine Animals. Notes on the rats of Dacca, Eastern Bengal. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, I—V. Miscellanea. Pari IV.—Nudiclava monocanthi, the type of a new genus of Hydroids parasitic on Fish. Preliminary descriptions of three new Nycteribiidee from India. Anno- tated Catalogue of Oriental Culicide. Notes on Oriental Diptera. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, VI, VII. Description of a new Cyprinid Fish of the genus . Danio from Upper Burma. Miscellanea. Vol. II, 1908-1909. Part I.—The retirement of Lieut.-Col. Alcock, with a list of his papers, etc., on Indian Zoology. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at’ Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VII. Description of a New Dictyonine Sponge from the Indian Ocean. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, VIII. Remarkable cases of variation, I. Description of a new species of Lizard of the genus Salea, from Assam. ‘The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VIII. Description of a new Cavernico- lous Phasgonurid from Lower Siam. Descriptions of new species of Marine and Freshwater Shells in the collection of the Indian Museum. Notes on Oriental Syrphide, I. Description of a new variety of Spongilla lovicata. Notes on Oriental Diptera, V. Miscellanea. Payit II,—Gordiens du Musée Indien. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IX. Description of a new species of Danio from Lower Burma. Rhynchota Malayana, I. Cimex votundatus, Signoret. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, IX. Fruit Bats of the genus Pteyopus inhabiting the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelagos. A new species of Sun-Bird obtained near Darjiling. Three Indian Phylactolemata. On two new species of Eagle-Rays (Myliobatide). Description of a new species of the genus Sesayma, Say., from the Andaman Islands. Descriptions of new species of Land, Marine, and Freshwater Shells from the Andaman Islands. Part III,—The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, X, XI. On some Oriental Solifugee with descriptions of new forms. The difference between the Takin (Gudorcas) from the Mishmi Hills and that from Tibet, with notes. on variation displayed by the former. On Caridina nilotica (Roux) and its varieties. Description of a new species of Chavaxes from the Bhutan Frontier. First Report on the Collection of Culicidee and Corethridee in the Indian Museum, with descriptions of new genera and species. Miscellanea. Pavt IV.—Report on a collection of aquatic animals made in Tibet by Capt. F. H. Stewart in 1907, I. Notes on Aculeate Hymenoptera in the Indian Museum, I. Indian Psychodide. Description of a new species of mouse from the Madura District, Madras. Some Cleride of the Indian Museum. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, XII. Description of a new species of Saw-Fish captured off the Burma Coast. A new Sting Ray of the genus Tyygon from the Bay of Bengal. New Micro-lepidoptera from India and Burma. Notes on some Chrysomelid Beetles in the collection of the Indian Museum. Six, new Cicindelinee from the Oriental Region. Description of a new slug from Tibet. VIE. NEW ORIENTAL NEMOCEHRA. By E. BRUNETTI. In the present paper are described nearly fifty new species belonging to the first suborder of Diptera. Figures of some of them, especially wings of the somewhat closely allied species of Rhyphus and Dixa, will appear in my forthcoming volume on Nemocera (exclusive of Culicidae and Chironomidae) for the ‘Fauna of British India”’ series. RHYPHIDAE., No less than six species of Rhyphus from the East have come before me, including the only one previously recorded (macult- pennis, Wulp); a European species, punctatus, F., about the identification of which there can be little doubt, and also a variety of the common European fenestralis, Scop. All these forms are rather easily separated by the following characters :— Table of spectes. A Antennae conspicuously vari-coloured. B Sub-apical clear spot in wing (at tip of 2nd longitudinal vein) elongated, and entirely clear Le .. maculipennis, Wulp BB ‘The above spot nearly circular, and enclosing a distinct dark round SpoeE 23% a: . pulchricornis, sp. nov. AA Antennae wholly black. C Thorax bluish ash-grey with chocolate- coloured stripes. D Wing more deeply and extensively marked; distinct blackish spot at tip, whole distal margin more or less light blackish grey .. .. fenestralts, Scop., var. nov. ¢ndicus. DD Wing much less deeply marked, and quite clear on distal portion, beyond the cross-veins; no apical spot whatever * oe .. punctatus, F. CC Thorax yellow, or brownish yellow, . with reddish brown stripes. E Costa darker, towards tip of wing showing distinctly a quite clear 260 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor lLyr square spot on costa, only descend- ing to the 3rd longitudinal vein, with a smaller contiguous spot below; a distinct, narrow brown streak beyond outer cross-vein ; distal part of wing below 3rd longitudinal, nearly clear, with pos- terior veins very lightly suffused .. dtstinctus, sp. nov. EE Costa much lighter, showing towards tip of wing only one, much less clear, oval spot, always descending below 3rd longitudinal vein, with- out any second spot adjacent; no brown streak outside outer cross- vein; distal part of wing below 3rd_—s longitudinal, very slightly darker grey, and this towards the margin only, the posterior veins not individually suffused .. divisus, sp. nov. Rhyphus maculipennis, Wulp. A @ in the Indian Museum collection, dated 30-vii-10 (no locality given, but probably Assam), and one in my own collection from Peradeniya, Ceylon, xii-o7, are almost certainly this species, although in the former specimen both the hind legs are missing. The wing agrees perfectly with Van der Wulp’s plate. The an- tennae and abdomen in his type specimen were injured. Of the former, the first three (not two, as he says!) joints are yellow, joints 4 to 8 yellow with brownish marks, or wholly brownish, 9, Io quite black, 11, 12 yellowish white, 13 to 16 quite black, the 16th with a short white style. The abdominal two basal segments are mainly dirty yellow, with black posterior borders, the re- mainder being brownish yellow with broadly black borders; the apical segments wholly blackish. Belly similar. The palpi are black. Rhyphus pulchricornis, mihi, sp. nov. @. Base of Darjiling Himalayas. Long. 3} mm. Head.—Frons, fully one-third width of head, reddish yellow, bare; vertex with a few hairs; ocellar triangle small, black. isolated; antennae long, 16-jointed, variegated, the joints mostly reddish yellow and black, with a short, white style and two or three bristles at apex. The antennal joints 1, 2, 3 are reddish yellow, 4, 5, quite black, 6, 7, 8, reddish-yellow,, 9, 10; -black era brownish yellow, 13 to 16 black, the appearance of the antenna suggesting that it is liable to variation. Palpi bright reddish yellow, with a few bristles; proboscis very short, yellow. 1 Quite possibly a variable character. IQII.] E. BruNnETTII1: New Oriental Nemocera. 261 Thorax yellowish, with three wide, dark, soft reddish brown stripes. Sides yellow, with black streaks. Some bristles on the dorsum. Scutellum yellow, with a few bristles. Abdomen brownish yellow, blackish towards tip, posterior borders of basal segments widely black. Belly apparently con- colorous. Legs brownish yellow, minutely pubescent: tips of the femora, of the tibiae and of the tarsal joints blackish. Wings pale grey: anterior border a little yellowish on basal half; posterior border pale blackish, slightly deeper at tip. A dark irregular band from the costa, reaching to the discal cell, and another, of about equal width, placed between the first and the infuscated wing tip. The clear space immediately adjoining the infuscated wing tip encloses a pale blackish oblong spot placed lengthwise on the costa. Outer side of the discal cell with a black suffusion, a black round spot in the Ist basal cell; posterior cross-vein and the anal vein narrowly black suffused. Halteres pale yellowish brown. Described from a specimen in good condition in the Indian Museum collection from Siliguri (18—20-vii-07). N.B.—This species is very near Van der Wulp’s maculipenms, but I believe it quite distinct, differing in the wing marks, and in the wholly yellowish hind femora, these joints in Wulp’s species having a black ring in the middle. The palpi, too, in Wulp’s species are blackish and the thorax is described as yellow with black stripes. Rhyphus fenestralis, Scop., var. nov. indicus, mihi. o @. Himalayas and Assam. Long: 4-5 mm. A number of specimens in the Indian Museum, from the Himalayas, show a difference from the usual form of this common European species, the difference being constant in all the specimens examined. The apical spot in the wing is distinctly black, clearer cut, and of a different shape. In fenestralis (typical) it is brownish, and its inner sides form a right angle, and, at the edge of the wing, the spot extends distinctly below the 3rd longitudinal vein ; whereas in indicus, it is quite black, the edge much more clearly cut, and the distal half of the spot does not extend below the 3rd longitudi- nal vein, although above this vein it reaches the wing tip as usual, so that the inner form of the spot is not a right angle, but irregu- lar. Moreover, the abdomen is darker, especially in the @ in which sometimes the usual black bands extend over nearly all the abdomen. The abdomen in the o is lighter than in the 2 , and shows traces of a dorsal line of elongated spots. In size, the variety is slightly larger, and all the examples have the brown ring on the hind femora, but though always present, it varies in intensity, and is darkest in the o. 262 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOE.rEVs From a careful comparison of the specimens with four 2 9 from Austria, four ? @ taken by me in Wales, anda @ taken by Dr. Annandale in Mull, Scotland, 4—6-x-07 (all in the Indian Museum), I find no other difference from typical fenestvalis. Ihave no European o present to compare with, but in imdica both sexes appear equally common. This new form appears common in the Himalayas, the Indian Museum possessing it from Simla (7,000 ft.), 24-iv-o7 and 10-v-09 [Annandale, common]; Matiana, Simla district (8,000 ft.), 28—30- iv-07 [Avnandale]; Darjiling (7,000 ft.), 5—9-viii-og [Paiva, com- mon); also from Ukhral, Manipur (6,400 ft.) [ Pettigrew}. Rhyphus punctatus, F. Though I have no specimen to compare them with, I have little doubt that three @ 9? in the Indian Museum represent this species, agreeing almost perfectly with Schiner’s description. ‘T'wo are from Kurseong, Darjiling (5,000 ft.), 10—26-ix-og [Lynch], and the third from the same place taken on 9g-ix-og by Dr. Annandale. Rhyphus distinctus, mihi, sp. nov. oe @. Darjiling district. Long. 3-4 mm. Head.—KHyes absolutely contiguous in ” from the conspicu- ously raised ocellar triangle, which occupies’ the whole vertex, almost to the base of the antennae. Under side of head blackish grey. Frons in @ one-fourth the width of the head, and, with vertex and face, whitish grey ; under side of head somewhat yellow- ish. Antennae wholly black with a little short grey pubescence, tips of both scapal joints sometimes narrowly brownish yellow; palpi black. Back of head with some soft long hairs, proboscis yellowish. Thorax brownish yellow ; with three moderately broad, some- what reddish brown stripes; the outer ones extending from just below the anterior margin, nearly to the posterior one. The middle stripe extends from the anterior margin nearly to the scutellum, tapering gradually ; often narrowly divided in front: there is also a small unicolorous transverse mark just below each shoulder. A dorso-central row of stiff hairs, gradually diminishing in length extends from the posterior margin forwards, thence curving towards and over the humeral swellings. There is a lateral row of 6 or 7 long stiff hairs above each wing and some post-alar ones. Scutellum brownish yellow, with a broad median brown band, and the extreme edges brown: metanotum shining dark brown. Abdomen dark reddish brown, with a moderate amount of soft short yellow hair; hind margins of segments more or less narrowly yellowish, sometimes the posterior corners of the seg- ments also. Basal segment sometimes lighter coloured. Belly yellowish, more or less dark marked, genitalia inconspicuous. 19II.] E. BRUNETTI: New Oviental Nemocera. 263 Legs light brownish yellow; tarsi dark; extreme tips of posterior femora black. ‘There is generally a more or less distinct broad irregular blackish band occupying about the middle third of the hind femora, and the hind tibiae are more or less blackish for some distance at both base and tips: legs minutely pubescent. Wings very pale grey, with brownish markings. The cross- veins are rather deeply but narrowly brown, whilst moderately dark brownish markings occur as follows: a square mark in the middle of the upper basal cell; a brown well-defined streak from the middle of the costa, narrowing gradually, passing between the above-mentioned square mark, and the inner transverse vein, crossing the base of the discal cell and continuing narrowly along the 5th longitudinal vein: a broader, also well-defined stripe from the costa (narrowing hindwards) passing clear of the outer trans- verse vein, terminating at the upper fork of the lower branch of the 4th longitudinal. The tip of the wing down to the 3rd longitudinal vein is brown, leaving in front of it a distinct square shaped, quite clear spot, touching the costa and contiguous to the previously des- cribed stripe. It may be described differently by saying the whole of the costa is brownish, deepening towards the tip, with a quite clear square spot placed just touching the tip of the 2nd longitu- dinal vein, extending from the costa to the 3rd longitudinal. The distal part of the wing from below the 3rd longitudinal down to a little beyond the lowest branch of the 4th, is light brownish grey leaving a clearer streak across the rst, 2nd and 3rd posterior cells, just before their centres and almost below, but a little previous to, the clear square costal spot. Nearly below this latter spot, but a little beyond it, yet just touching it in the Ist posterior cell is a nearly upright, oblong quite clear spot, on the outer side of which the brown colour is distinctly deeper for a very small space. The 6th longitudinal vein is very narrowly and not deeply suffused. Halteres yellowish. Described from a number of both sexes from Darjiling (7,000 ft.), taken by Mr. Paiva, 5—8-viii-og, and a ¢ taken by Dr. Annandale at Kurseong, 2,000 feet below Darjiling, 4-ix-o9. Rhyphus divisus, mihi, sp. nov. o @. Himalayas. Long. 34—5 mm. This species considerably resembles distincius but differs in some minor characters, and very essentially in the wing markings. The row of stiff hairs behind the eyes and across the vertex is stronger. The basal abdominal segments in the @ are more yellowish on their posterior borders, and the middle line on the thoracic dorsum is very distinctly divided. The blackish band on the hind femora is confined to the @, whereas in distinctus it 1s sometimes present, though indistinctly, in the @. The wing markings are entirely different. 264 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor sve On a pale grey ground colour, the cross-veins are deeply but narrowly infuscated as is also the 5th longitudinal vein; the proximal two-thirds of the marginal cell is rather deeply blackish, with a slightly paler spot in a line with the outer cross-vein; the distal part of the wing is light blackish grey, much deeper at tip just above the 3rd longitudinal vein and a little below it, leaving a nearly clear oval spot touching the costa, at the tip of the 2nd longitudinal and extending downwards into the Ist posterior cell, a second, much fainter and more irregular clear spot occurs just beyond the outer cross-vein. The praefurca appears slightly obliterated about its middle. Halteres yellow. Described from a good series of both sexes in the Indian Museum from the following localities :— Darjiling (7,000 ft.), 5—12-vili-og [Jenkins and Patva, con- mon]; Kurseong, 10—26-ix-og [Lynch]; Gangtok, Sikhim State, g-ix-09; also two pairs taken im cop., Darjiling, 5-vili-og, and Gangtok, 8-ix-og. An apparently immature specimen from Phagu, Simla hills, 12-v-09 [Annandale]. A @ andtwo 2 @ taken at Darjiling in company with the others have the thoracic markings almost obliterated, and the clear parts of the wing more extended; but they apparently belong to the same species. N.B.—Of the three species (fenestralis, distinctus and divisus) taken by Mr. Paiva at Darjiling in August, 1909, he says that some were taken on windows and others along the roads of the town, where they were hovering in small swarms under the shade of the trees, but it would be impossible to say now whether all the species occurred in both habitats or not, as at the time of collecting, identification was impracticable. DEX TIDAL: This family, likethe Rhyphidae, contains but a single genus—, and this one, Dixa, has not previously been recorded from the East. Five species are here offered as new, as I am unable to identify any of them with such descriptions of Palaearctic species as are accessible to me. DIXA, Meig. Table of species. A Wing with more markings than a narrow transverse streak across the middle. B Wing tip not infuscated. Thoracic stripes dark brown, abdomen brown. C Wing nearly clear; only a few infus- cated spots, mostly in basal and anal cells: no deeper black spots .. montana, sp. nov. CC - Wing with several blackish streaks ; and four rather deep black marks IgII.| E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 205 contiguous to and below the Ist longitudinal vein . maculipennis ,sp. nov. BB Wing tip distinctly infuscated for. a little distance. Thoracic stripes brownish yellow; abdomen brownish yellow .. . ochrilineata, sp. nov. AA Wing with only a narrow ‘transv erse streak across the middle. Thoracic stripes dark brown. Abdomen blackish. D The transverse streak on the wing ex- tending over the posterior cross- Veil «. % .. bistriata, sp. nov. DD The transverse streak not continued over the cross-vein - .. bifasciata, sp. nov. N.B.—D. bifasciata is possibly the @ of bistriata. Dixa montana, mihi, sp. nov. @ ¢. Western Himalayas. Long. 2-3 mm. Head.—Frons and back of head, lighter or darker, grey. Proboscis robust at base, pointed, moderately long, pubescent, brownish yellow; paipi dark brown. Antennae: Ist joint large, globular, yellowish brown, flagellum of apparently 12 joints, brownish yellow, closely pubescent, filamentous towards the tip, making it difficult to discover the exact number of joints. Thorax.—Dorsum grey, sometimes a little yellowish, some- times almost whitish. Three dark brown stripes, the median one, which is very narrowly divided more or less by a longitudinal pale stripe, runs from the anterior margin to beyond the middle, pos- terior to which it continues, much narrowed. The two outer stripes which are separated from the median one by a narrow space, begin some distance behind the shoulder and continue to the posterior margin of the dorsum; the space between them, posterior to the broad part of the median dark stripe, being light grey, traversed longitudinally by the attenuated continuation of the median stripe. A more or less indistinct transverse streak, or darker space, on the shoulders, brown or grey of a lighter or darker shade, sometimes with traces of a thin line connecting them. Scutellum yellow, metanotum brownish. Sides of thorax brownish or brownish grey, irregularly tinted. Abdomen dark brown, with very sparse pale has. Geni- taliain ” very small, yellowish, mainly concealed. The tips of (presumably) a pair of small claspers are visible. Ovipositor in ¢ small, with a reddish brown tip. Legs pale brownish yellow. ‘Tips of femora and tibiae, and the tarsi towards the tips, blackish; the hind tibiae being very distinctly though not greatly incrassated. Wings pale grey; venation in accordance with the generic description. Three moderately small pale brown spots. The tst 266 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL aie embraces the end of the praefurca, the base of the fork of the 2nd vein, and the anterior cross-vein: the 2nd spot is in the middle of the basal cell: the 3rd is placed across the middle of the 5th vein, thus falling in both the 2nd basal and the anal cells. A very pale grey, irregular, narrow but just distinctly perceptible streak joins the fork of the 2nd vein to the fork of the 4th. In addition there are some indistinct pale grey spots placed appar- ently irregularly in the basal half of the wing. Halteres yellowish. Described from three ~ o@ and two 2 & in the Indian Museum collection, all captured by Dr. Annandale in the Simla district, with the following data: Simla (7,000 ft.), I0-v-og (type o); Barogh (5,000 ft.), 10-v-10; Phagu (9,000 {t.), II-v-og (type 2 ). Types in Indian Museum. Nores.—This species must bear some resemblance to the common European D. maculata, Mg. Of the descriptions available to me that of this species is the only one in which the slight but very distinct incrassation of the hind tibiae is mentioned. Yet this character, although distinctly present in all five Oriental species treated of here, and apparently common to both sexes, has not, so far as I am aware, been described as generic, unless indeed, Macquart is referring to this peculiarity in his words ‘““jambes terminées par deux pointes, peu distinctes.’’ In the European species, maculata, the thorax is described as pale yellow, and there are stripes on the sides of the thorax, the base of the wing is yellowish, and lesser differences also are appa- rent between Meigen’s species and the present one, which may be regarded as distinct. Dixa maculipennis, mihi, sp. nov. @ @. Eastern and Western Himalayas. Long. 2-2} mm. Head.—Back of head, vertex and frons light grey. Proboscis yellowish, distinctly dark brown at base; palpi dark brown. Antennae with two very distinct basal. (scapal) joints, the Ist circular, very short, the 2nd subglobular, both orange-yellow : flagellum of at least 14 joints, possibly one or two more, if such are shorter, as they are not at all easily counted. Thorax rather bright yellowish. Three dark brown thoracic stripes as in the previous species ; and on each shoulder a distinct but not sharply defined brownish, curved, transverse streak, connecting the tip of the median stripe with the tip of the outer stripe. Prothorax forming a sort of imperfect collar, swollen on each side into an elongate lobe, lying close to the thorax. Scutellum dark brown, with a broad yellow median indistinct stripe; meta- notum dark brown. A small brown scutellar bridge with a narrow yellow upper margin, joins the scutellum on each side to the wing base. Abdomen brownish, a small blackish mark towards each side on the posterior margins, the segments becoming blackish towards 19II.| E. BRunETI1: New Oriental Nemocera. 267 the tip of the abdomen. Genitalia in ~ black, a pair of claspers, large, conical, fleshy, the Ist joint of which is vellowish; the 2nd joint is also conical, smaller, apparently pointed at the tip. (The claspers are closed together so that exact vision is impossible.) Ovipositor blackish. Legs pale yellowish; tips of femora and tibiae, and the tarsi towards the tips, narrowly black: hind tibiae slightly but distinctly incrassated at tips. Wings.—Venation normal, Pale grey, costal cell unmarked, the brown spots beginning on the Ist longitudinal vein. Four distinct brown spots in a row, with fairly clearly cut sides, are placed in juxtaposition to this vein; the Ist small, rounded, near the base ; the 2nd, larger, squarish, below the tip of the auxiliary vein, both these two spots limited posteriorly by the 4th vein. The 3rd spot is a streak, beginning beyond the origin of the 2nd vein, and ending on the 4th vein, proximad of the anterior cross- vein. The 4th spot is over the fork of the 2nd vein. Much lighter pale brownish grey smail spots are placed, possibly irregu- larly over the rest of the wing. In the single specimen present they are situated as follows: Two in the 2nd basal cell, two in the anal cell, one in the axillary cell; one each in the marginal, submarginal, and the Ist posterior cells, all united more or less into a streak, placed towards the tip of the wing. ‘wo each in the basal (one basal, one central) and 2nd submarginal cells, also in _the Ist posterior cell ; one each at the base of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th posterior cells. Halteres yellowish. Described from one o@ and one @,the o from Darjiling, 29-v-10, taken by me, the 9 from Matiana (8,000 ft.), Simla district, 28—30-iv-07 [| Annandale]. Types in Indian Museum. Notre —Kasily known by its marmorated wings. Dixa ochrilineata, mihi, sp. nov. -@. Darjiling district. Long. 2 mm. Head light yellow. Eyes separated by a frons one-third the width of the head. Proboscis yellowish, with rather well-devel- oped terminal dark brown lips; palpi dark brown. Antennae: Ist scapal joint very short and indistinct, 2nd large, globular, yellow : flagellum of 14 to 16 joints (2), dark brown, extreme base of Ist, yellow. Thorax distinctly gibbous, prominent in front, yellow. ‘Three brownish yellow dorsal stripes, somewhat normally placed, the median one attaining the anterior margin, the outer ones dis- tinctly curved towards and over the sides anteriorly. Some soft long hairs in the neighbourhood of the stripes and in front of the wings. Scutellum and metanotum yellow, the former a little brown at the sides, the latter in the middle. Sides of thorax with a dark 268 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vos Ve brown lateral stripe on a level with and passing across the bases of the coxae. Abdomen brownish yellow, a little darker towards the sides. Ovipositor small, inconspicuous, pale yellow. Legs.—Coxae and femora pale brownish yellow, femora a little lighter near the tips, the tips themselves blackish brown ringed. Tibiae and tarsi brownish. Wings.—Venation normal. Very pale grey, costal cell wholly unmarked. Tip of wing very pale blackish from beyond the fork of the 2nd vein, the shade extending posteriorly as far as the 2nd posterior cell, filling it. A dark brown streak from the Ist longi- tudinal vein, passing over the origin of the 3rd vein, the anterior cross-vein, then in diminished intensity to the hind margin of the wing by way of the posterior cross-vein and the last section of the 5th longitudinal vein. A very pale blackish spot in the Ist basal cell, near its tip, an elongate one in the basal part of the 2nd basal cell, turning down at its proximal end into the anal cell. Wings a little yellowish at the base. Halteres pale yellow. Described from @ from Kurseong, 9-ix-og [Annandale|. Type in Indian Museum. Dixa bistriata, mihi, sp. nov. gy. Darjiling. Long. 24 mm. Head.—Proboscis and palpi brownish yellow, the former brown at the tip. Antennae: Ist scapal joint very wide and short, saucer-like, 2nd normal, subglobular ; flagellum of not less than I2 joints, closely pubescent: the whole antennae dark brown, except the pale yellow extreme base of the Ist flagellar joint. Thorax pale yellowish. Three dark chocolate-brown stripes of normal pattern, the median one extended somewhat linearly in front just below the shoulders. The shoulders themselves with a very pale blackish streak. Scutellum and metanotum dark brown, a narrow yellowish stripe in the middle of the former. Sides of thorax yellowish, with brown marks. Abdomen blackish, with a little pale yellow pubescence. Genitalia of moderate size, consisting of a pair of dark brown claspers, of which the second joint is cylindrical, much thinner, yellow ; apparently a small dorsal plate is present in addition to the moderately large ventral one. Legs pale brownish yellow, tips of femora and tibiae nar- rowly black ringed ; tarsi darker. Wings practically clear, a blackish narrow irregular streak in the middle from the 1st longitudinal vein, over the cross-veins, continued in an attenuated form along the posterior cross-vein and the terminal section of the 5th longitudinal vein. A very pale blackish streak in the basal part of the anal cell. Halteres yellow. Described ftom a single @ taken by myself at Darjiling, 29-v-10. Type in Indian Museum. eked Saath 19Q1I.] E. BrunETrII: New Oriental Nemocera. 269 Dixa bifasciata, mihi, sp. nov. ?. Western Himalayas. Long. nearly 3 mm. Head. —The broad flat vertex light grey dusted, through which the dark ground colour can be seen. Proboscis vellowish brown, palpi long, concolorous. Antennae with its two scapal joints very distinct, dark brown; flagellum brown, except the pale yellow extreme base of the first joint. Thorax pale yellowish. Three dark brown stripes of normal pattern, the outer ones continued much further forward than in the last species. Dorsum between the stripes greyish. Scutellum yellowish, metanotum dark brown. Sides of thorax yellowish, brown marked. Abdomen blackish, with whitish pubescence ; belly similar. Legs pale yellowish, knees almost imperceptibly black, tarsi darker. Hind tibiae with the slight incrassation at the tip as usual, but yellowish. Wings very pale grey, a rather dark brown narrow short streak in the centre over the cross-veins, not extending to the posterior cross-vein. A pale blackish streak filling the basal half of the anal cell. Halteres pale yellow. Described from a single @ taken by Dr. Annandale at Phagu (9,000 ft.) in the Simla district. 12-v-09. Type in Indian Museum. Norers.—This species is very near bistriata, and may possibly be identical with it. The differences lie in the respective lengths of the Ist scapal joint and in the lengths of the thoracic stripes; the femora and tips tips, black ringed in one species and practically all yellow in the other. The wing marks in the two species may be differentiated as follows: In bifasctata the central streak stops before or at the posterior cross-vein, this vein itself not being at all suffused, whilst in b7strviata the suffusion is continued narrowly to the posterior margin. The basal pale streak in the anal cell is much more distinct in bifasciata than in bistriata. When placed side by side the two forms appear distinct, although the descrip- tions read so similar. BIBIONIDAE. PLECIOMYIA, mihi, gen. nov. Lt YPE Penthetria melanaspis, Wied., Auss. Zweifl., 1, 72 (1828) Plecia melanaspis, auct. Allied to Plecta, W., from which it differs by the 4th longitu- dinal vein rather broadly forking immediately at the point of con- tact with the anterior cross-vein. The 3rd longitudinal vein forks almost immediately beyond the anterior cross-vein, the upper branch lying almost parallel to the lower one. A third but lesser character is the presence of twelve joints to the antenna, two short normally shaped basal ones forming 270 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor: BV, the scape, a comparatively long first flagellar joint, followed by eight others of a flattened bead shape, with a moderately long, conical terminal joint. This is not entirely a conclusive character, as at least one other allied Oriental species (Plecia fulvicollis, F.) has twelve-jointed antennae, instead of ten- or eleven-jointed as in the other allied species belonging to this region. Pleciomyia melanaspis, Wied. Even as early as 1828 Wiedemann recognised a generic differ- ence between this species and the species of Plecia, by placing it in Penthetria. I have not seen any other species that can be referred to my new genus. P. melanaspts is quite common apparently all along the IHima- layas, the Indian Museum series representing Naini Tal, v-1893; Bhim Tal, 1g —22-ix-06; Theog (Simla district), 27-iv-07 ; Kurseong, g-ix-og ; Siliguri, 18—2o-vii-0o7 (both Darjiling district, hills and plains respectively). From the latter locality there is a @ and @ im cop. Also from Soondrijal and Katmandu (both Nepal), Sikhim and Mungphu in the EK. Himalayas, and Sibsagar, Shillong, Margherita in Assam. It is known from Siberia, China and Japan, and I found it common both at Darjiling, 2I-ix to 2-x-o8, and also at Hankow, China, 22—-26-1v-06, but only sparingly at Mussoorie, 20-v-05. PLECIA, Wied. Table of species. A The 3rd longitudinal vein forks at some distance beyond the anterior cross-vein (nearly at half the length of its lower branch) and always dis- tinctly beyond the fork of the 4th vein. B Whole thorax reddish yellow, including dorsum, sides, scutellum and meta- notum. Antennae 12-jointed .. fulvicollis, F. BB Dorsum of thorax and scutellum red- dish yellow; the sides and metano- tum black. Antennae 10-jointed .. tergorata, Rond. AA The 3rd longitudinal vein forks shortly beyond the anterior cross-vein (dis- tinctly before one-third of the length of its lower branch), and approxti- mately opposite the fork of the 4th vein; the upper branch lying almost parallel to the lower one, not almost erect as in Division A. C Not wholly black species. Dorsum of thorax reddish yellow. Antennae 11-jointed HE se .. indica, sp. nov. IQIl.| E. BruneEtt1: New Oriental Nemocera. 271 CC Wholly black species. D Legs wholly black. Long. 8—12 mm. Antennae I1-jointed zh .. atra, sp. nov. DD Legs mainly brownish. Long. 6-7 mm. Antennae 1r0-jointed se .. obscura, sp. nov. Plecia fulvicollis, F. P, subvarians, Wik. P. thoracica, Guer. This species appears as common in the plains of the eastern tropics as melanaspis, Wied., is in the higher and more northern parts. The Indian Museum has it from many parts of India, Lower Burma, Assam, Java and Ceylon. I have taken it myself at Jubbulpore, Meerut (both India), and in Java. It is known from many of the East Indian and Philippine Islands. Through the kindness of Mr. EK. K. Austen, who has examined the type 7 and @ of subvarians, Wik., in the British Museum, I am able definitely to allot this name synonymic rank, and from notes on thoracica, Guer., supplied by the same gentleman I have no hesitation, knowing the variability of /fulvicollis from the large number of specimens examined from many parts of the Kast, in regarding Guerin’s species as also identical. Moreover, Van der Wulp’s reference to thoracica is incorrect; it should be Belanger’s Voyage aux Indes Orientales (1833). Like many species in this family, it varies considerably in size, from 54 to 7 mm., one specimen in the Indian Museum being barely 4 mm. long. Plecia tergorata, Round. In the Indian Museum from Bhim Tal (4,500 ft.), 1g—27-ix-00 ; Sukna (500 ft.), I-vii-o8 [both Annandale|; Darjiling, 6—g-viii-0g9 [Paiva]; Shan Hills, Upper Burma [J. Coggin Brown]. A pair in cop. from Bhim Tal, 27-1x-07. It is also known from Burma, Borneo and Java. N.B.—In spite of Rondani’s remark that the wing is wholly black, without trace of yellow at the base, three or four of the above-mentioned specimens have the wings wholly yellowish brown, yet there can be little doubt of their identity with this species. In both Pleciomyia melanaspis and Plecia fulvicollis the wings are sometimes more brown than black. The scapal joints and first flagellar joint of the antennae are relatively longer than in either melanaspis or fulvicollts. Plecia indica, mihi, sp. nov. @. Himalayas. Long. 6—9 mm. Entire body black, with the exception of the dorsum and upper part of the thorax, above the ridge line about the insertion 272 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor,.21Ve of the wings. ‘This part is wholly bright ferruginous red, and very minutely pubescent. Wings blackish, darker on anterior border; stigma and halteres black. Antennae as in atra, but the first flagellar joint hardly longer than those immediately following. Described from two @#@ and several 2 2 in the Indian Museum from Darjiling, 2-x-08 [Brunett:]; Theog (Simla hills), 27-iv-0o7, and Kumaon, ix-1906 [both Annandalej; Soondrijal (Nepal), Kangra Valley (4,500 ft.) and Kimoli, 24-x-07. I also took it at Darjiling, 1o—16-x-05. Plecia atra, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Nepal and Western Himalayas. Long. 8—12 mm. Entive body deep velvet-black, especially on the dorsum of the thorax. Antennae of eleven joints. the scapal two, subcylindrical, the 2nd being wider at the tip; the 1st flagellar joint is cup-shaped at its base; the following seven joints of equal size, of flattened bead shape, the last one, small, conical; the whole antenna straight and slightly pubescent. Abdomen trough, minutely pubescent. Legs bare, pulvilli greyish white. Wings blackish, anterior part much darker, stigma black ; halteres greyish black. The 4th longitudinal vein not forked until some distance from the anterior cross-vein. Upper branch of the 3rd longitudinal vein long, almost parallel to the lower one, originating close to the anterior cross-vein. Described from four @ 2 in the Indian Museum from Kumaon (Bhim Tal, 4,500 {t.), Ig—22-ix-06 [Annandale], and from Soondri- jal, Nepal. This is the only wholly black eastern species except my obscura, which is more ditty black in colour with a tendency to brown in the legs, besides being smaller in’size. Plecia obscura, mihi, sp. nov. o @. Western Himalayas. Long. 6-7 mm. Wholly dirty black, minutely pubescent. Thorax, on dorsum and sides sometimes brownish (in one specimen). Femora dark mahogany-brown, remainder of legs blackish brown. Antennae rather stout, black, scapal joints equal in length, short; Ist flagellar joint longer than each scapal joint, slightly pinched in the middle; remaining seven joints subequal, normal (no obvious minute apical joint in one example, antennae incomplete in the other two). Vertex in ~ wholly occupied by the very large cup-shaped ocelli, which are placed, so to speak, on their sides with their bases united. Genitalia in 7 : a pair of strong hairy claspers, two-jointed, the basal joint the longer and stronger, the 2nd joint ending TGR] E. Brunetti: New Oriental Nemocera. 273 apparently in a single claw. In the @ the genital organ is narrow, cylindrical, short, ending in a pair of rather slender palp-like appendages. Wings blackish brown, darker on anterior part: venation as in indica, Described from two ~ & and one @ in my collection captured by me at Mussoorie, 24-v-05. Not in very good condition but the specific characters quite distinct enough to recognise as represent- ing a good species. BIBIO, Geoff. Table of spectes. A Thorax partly or wholly reddish yellow or brownish yellow (at least the dorsum wholly ved in all the species except discalis, in which it is black). B- Dorsum of thorax yellowish. C Abdomen wholly reddish yellow .- hortulanoides, 2, sp. nov. CC Abdomen wholly black at .. bicolor, Wik. BB Dorsum of thorax black... .. discajts, sp. nov. AA Thorax wholly black. D Abdomen wholly reddish yellow .. abdominalis, sp. nov. DD Abdomen wholly black. E Larger species; at least Io mm. long. Basal section of 3rd longitudinal vein usually much longer than the anterior cross-vein. F Species 14 mm. long ag: .. hortulanoides, ¢ , sp. nov. FF Species 10 to 12 mm. long .. .. obscuripennis, Meij. EE Smaller species; at most 7 mm. iong. Basal section of 3rd longitudinal vein barely, if any longer than the anterior cross-vein. G Femora wholly bright reddish or yellowish. H Femora yellowish, tibiae yellow .. Johannis, 1. HH Femora reddish, tibiae and tarsi black rufifemur, sp. nov. GG Femora wholly black or dark brown. I Hind tibiae reddish yellow. Veins on posterior part of wing distinct to hind margin, but paler than those in anterior half .. - .. fuscittbia, sp. nov. II Hind tibiae dark brown or black. Veins uniformly distinct, or those on posterior half of wing paler, and either distinctly continued to the hind margin or abbreviated. 274 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vo... IV; J Veins on posterior half of wing, viewed from certain directions, as distinct as those on anterior half. Hind tibiae black b. s. .. approximatus, sp. nov. JJ Veins on posterior half of wing less distinct than those on anterior half. K Hind tibiae dark brown, lower branch of 4th vein and upper branch of 5th vein not reaching border of wing .. defectus, sp. nov. KK Hind tibiae black. All the veins attain the wing margin .. .. proximus, sp. nov. N.B.—The above table is constructed for the sake of con- venience only, and does not illustrate the affinities of the species. The order in which the descriptions are arranged is intended to represent their affinities. Schiner and others have adopted the relative lengths of the basal section of the 3rd longitudinal vein and the anterior cross-vein, as the preliminary distinction in separating the species, but in view of its decided variability in obscurtpennis and the closely allied European marci, L., it seems safer to distinguish the species comprised in the present paper by their conspicuous differences of colour. Bibio hortulanoides, mihi, sp. nov. o 2. Darling district. Vones.c 14 mime 99 12st Head.—In o& eyes closely contiguous from the vertex to immediately above the antennae, leaving a very small frontal triangle, the eyes with dense dark brown hair. Proboscis, palpi and antennae black with thick long dark brown hair, which is also long and thick behind the vertex. Vertical triangle conspicuously elevated bearing the three ocelli. In the ¢ the frons is one-third the width of the head, shining black, with some black short hair, ocellar tubercle as in 7. The other parts as in the ~ but the hair is more blackish than brown, whilst the pubescence on the proboscis, palpi, under side of head and behind the eyes is yellowish. Thovax.—In ~, dorsum, scutellum and sides shining black, densely covered with blackish brown hair. Inthe 2 the dorsum is bright brownish yellow (with microscopic concolorous pubes- cence), the colour very sharply delimited. The remainder of the thorax black, moderately shining, with short black hairs. Scu- tellum and scutellar ridge black ; metanotum black. Abdomen.—In o, shining black, wholly covered on all sides with thick blackish brown hair. ‘The genital organs shining black, obtuse, bilobed. In the 9, bright brownish yellow with short concoiorous pubescence; belly similar. Genital organs incon- spicuous. IQII.] E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 2 a 75 Legs shining black, pubescent, spines on fore tibiae with a dull carmine tinge, pulvilli yellowish white. Wings brownish in @ as in obscuripennis, Meij.; in @ very pale grey, conspicuously lighter than in the ~, anterior border a little blackish in the ~, but wholly deep black in the 9. Stigma large, black. Halteres black. Described froma @ and @ in bad condition in the Indian Museum (labelled simply ‘“‘Ind.’’), which were returned by Bigot marked ‘‘ hortulanus 7 2 ?”’; also a perfect 2? obviously of the same species taken at Kurseong, I5-v-I0. Types in the Indian Museum. Nore.—This is either a large and well-marked variety of hortulanus, 1,., or distinct. ‘The differences apparent are, the much greater size of the ~, hortulanus being generally about 8 to II mim. in length; the brown, not whitish wings in the o, the yel- lowish hair in the 2 on the under side of the head and behind the eyes, the hair in this position in hortulanus ( 2 ) being black. Bibio obscuripennis, Meij. This species was abundant at Darjiling during a few days before and after October 16th 1905, when I captured several pairs in cop. in addition to a good number of males and a lesser number of females. My identification of the species was confirmed by Herr Meijere. Its chief distinction from marci, l., to which it bears a remark- ably close resemblance, is the brown wings in the ~. In marci they are nearly clear, with a whitish tinge. The basal section of the 3rd longitudinal vein in both species varies distinctly in its length relative to that of the anterior cross-vein, in some speci- mens being one and a quarter times as long, in others as much as nearly double, and it cannot be relied on exclusively as a specific character. The species is represented in the Indian Museum by specimens from the following localities : Chitlong (Nepal) ; Darjiling, 16-x-05 [Brunetti]; 27-v-10 (6,000 ft.) [D’Abreu]; Kurseong, 23-iv-10 [D’ Abreu]; Naini Tal, 28-ix-o7; Matiana (Simla hills, 8,000 ft.), 28, 30-iv-07 [Annandale]; Chinese Frontier, N. W. Burma (4— 5,000 ft.), xi-ro [C. W. Beebe]. Bibio proximus, mihi, sp. nov. @. Darjiling. Long. 5 mm. Head wholly black, clothed with black hairs, including dense pubescence on the eyes. Thorax wholly black, dull, dorsum rather more shining ante- riorly , pubescence black. Abdomen black with black pubescence. Legs black: hind femora barely incrassated posteriorly, dis- tinctly less so than in marci; hind tibiae more incrassated towards 276 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vo.. IV, tips than in that species, giving a distinct clubbed appearance: hind metatarsus distinctly incrassated, the second joint of the tarsi two-thirds as long as the metatarsus. (In marci, the metatarsus is not at all incrassated, and is twice the length of the next joint.) Spines on fore tibiae carmine tipped. Wings very pale grey, only the anterior veins dark, those on hind part of wing normally pale: rst section of 3rd vein barely as long as anterior cross-vein (in marci it is always distinctly longer, often twice as long). Halteres black. Described from a single @ from Darjiling taken November, 1910, by Mr. D’ Abreu. Type in Indian Museum. Notes.—This species is intermediate between marci, L., and obscuripennts, Meij. From the former it is distinguished by the black, not dark brown pubescence; the shortness of the basal part of the 3rd longitudinal vein, and the incrassation of the hind metatarsus. Minor differences are the lesser incrassation of the hind femora, the greater incrassation of the hind tibiae and the pale grey wings, as contrasted with the quite whitish wings of marct. When placed by the side of a specimen of marci, these differ- ences appear sufficiently distinctive. From obscuripennis, Meij., it differs by its smaller size and clearer wings and in the structure of the hind metatarsus, which in Herr de Meijere’s species is not distinctly incrassated and is twice the length of the following joint. Bibio abdominalis, mihi, sp. nov. o @. Western Himalayas. Long. 7-8 mm. Head wholly black; vertex very small, shining black, with small distinct ocellar triangle. Eyes (which are densely pubescent in the o@ with very dark brown or nearly black hair), contiguous from vertex to antennae, the frontal triangle very small. Antennae and palpi wholly black, moderately pubescent. Thorax shining black, closely pubescent; a fan-like bunch of hair in front of and another one below the root of the wing. Scutellum and metanotum shining black, the former with long soft black hairs on posterior margin, with a tendency to curl forwards ; metanotum bare. Abdomen shining black in @, with close long black pubes- cence ; belly similar. Genital organs confined in a hard squarish segment-like case. In the @ the abdomen is normally wholly reddish yellow, with minute sparse black pubescence; belly similar. Genital organs apparently comprised in a flat elevation on the under side of the last abdominal segment.! 1 In the type ¢ and 2, which still remain united, both abdomens are con- siderably stretched out, as though the insects in life had endeavoured to separate themselves, yet no extension of any part of the male genitalia can be seen. There IgrtI.] E. BRuNETII: New Oriental Nemocera. 274 Legs shining black, anterior femora with dense black hair, hind pair with the hair much sparser : tibiae and tarsi moderately pubescent. Wings dark grey in 2, a little blackish in ? , in both sexes somewhat iridescent in certain lights, costal cell and stigma brown- ish, veins dark brown. The basal section of the 3rd longitudinal vein is almost exactly equal to the anterior cross-vein. The 4th longitudinal vein forks immediately before the posterior cross-vein. Halteres blackish. Described from a type @ and @ taken im cop. by Mr. A. D. Imms at Badrinath (10,200 ft.), Garhwal district, 27-v-10, also from one additional @ and three additional 2 @ of the same date and locality, and a 2 taken by Dr. Annandale at Phagu (Simla district, 9,000 ft.), II-v-09. Types in the Indian Museum (also most of the other speci mens). NotTes.—One of the three females referred to above has the abdomen blackish except towards’ the side, where the colour is sufficiently distinct to identify the specimen with certainty with this species. This species is very like B. marci, L,., the common Palaearctic and North American species, but in that species the @ abdomen is wholly black as in the ~, so that in spite of the resemblance between the males, the specific difference between the two forms is indisputable. Bibio approximatus, mihi, sp. nov. ? = venosus, Meig., var. 9. Darjiling district. Long. 5-6 mm. Body wholly black, head much flattened, slightly pubescent. Dorsum of thorax with sparse short black hairs; a very small brownish yellow spot just below posterior corners of dorsum. Scutellum and metanotum black. Legs with terminal spines on fore tibiae reddish brown, apical spurs on posterior tibiae, brown- ish yellow. Hind metatarsi not at all thickened, nearly twice as long as the 2nd tarsal joint. Abdomen with very pale yellowish hairs. Ovipositor normal. Wings pale yellowish grey, hardly darker on anterior part ; veins pale brownish yellow, but clearly defined; those on hinder part of wing when viewed from certain directions appear almost as dark as the anterior veins. Stigma large, well defined, oval, black, a slight narrow blackish suffusion over base of 5th longi- tudinal vein. Basal portion of 3rd longitudinal vein almost exactly equal to the length of the anterior cross-vein. Halteres black, but basal half of stem yellowish. is a small thick rounded organ between the two abdomen tips of the same red colour as the ? abdomen, but it is not obvious to which abdomen it really belongs. 278 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, Described from one @ from Kurseong, November, rgio, taken by Mr. D’ Abreu. Type in Indian Museum. Note.—This species must bear a considerable resemblance at first sight to Bibio venosus, Meig., owing to the rather clear wings, the distinctness of the veins, and the similarity in size. Though the abdomen is given as only a little over 5 mm. in length, it is probably more in living specimens, as the single example examined appears to be shortened by shrinkage; otherwise the wings are abnormally long, their full expanse being 20 mm. The relative length of the hind metatarsus to the following joint is practically identical in both species, and it is quite possible the specimen before me really is a variety of venosus, Meig., bearing about the same relation to it as obscuripennis does to marci, the only suggested differences in my new species from venosus being the grey instead of clear wings, and the pale yellow instead of whitish colour of the abdominal pubescence. Bibio discalis, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Western Himalayas. Long. 54 mm. Head.—F rons over a third the width of the head, dull black with sparse short black hair. Ocellar triangle normal. Pale hairs behind the vertex. Antennae black, scape yellowish. Tip of pro- boscis yellowish and the 1st joint of the palpi also, the remainder black, all the organs with black pubescence. Thorax.—Dorsum dull black, sharply delimited from the wholly yellowish remainder of the thorax. Prothorax consider- ably enlarged, conspicuously over the anterior corners of the dorsum. Scutellum yellowish, metanotum black. ‘The whole thorax, with the scutellum with pale yellow hairs. Abdomen black; pale yellow hairs on both dorsal and ven- tral sides, extreme tip and belly yellowish. Legs yellowish, knees narrowly black ; fore tibiae and tarsi (in one example) with a slight pale reddish brown tinge and the spurs carmine tipped ; tips of tarsi brown. Wings pale grey, anterior border no darker, stigma light brown, elongate. Halteres yellowish. Described from two @ 2 from Phagu, Simla district (9,000 ft.), II-v-og, taken by Dr. Annandale. Type in Indian Museum. Notre.—This species has considerable resemblance to B. johan- mis 2 , but the distinctly yellowish thorax with well-defined black dorsum at once distinguish it from the European species, in which the whole thorax is black or blackish brown. Bibio johannis, L. Two males, taken by Dr. Annandale at Matiana, 28—30-iv-07, and another from Theog (9,000 ft.), 2-v-07 (both places, Simla district), certainly represent this well-known European species. IgII.] E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 279 Bibio rufifemur, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Darjiling. Long. 6-7 mm. Head black ; antennae with a little blackish pubescence ; some short grey hairs behind head. Ocelli close together on a small triangle on extreme vertex ; frons wholly bare. Thorax black, a little brownish grey hair on pleurae. Scutel- lum and metanotum shining black, former with a few short black hairs on hind margin. Abdomen black, roughened, with black and brown hairs. Legs.—Coxae shining black, with microscopic yellow pubes- cence, and a few longer hairs; tips reddish on outside. Femora bright orange-red, with sparse, very short, yellow hairs, tips black. Remainder of legs black, with short black or brown hairs, tips of tarsi joints narrowly yellowish brown. Wings brownish grey, darker anteriorly ; costal cell rather dark brown ; stigma distinctly dark brown, rather small, elongated egg-shaped, not touching 3rd longitudinal vein. Veins on front half of wing brown, 4th, 5th and 6th veins brownish yellow: 4th vein forks rather widely at junction with posterior cross-vein and just beyond tip of 2nd vein. Halteres black. Described from two 2 @ in my collection, taken by me at Darjiling, 20-x-05. Bibio fuscitibia, mihi, sp. nov. @. Western Himalayas. Long. 5-6 mm. Head black, with rather long and thick black hairs, mixed with some dark brown ones; antennae and palpi black, mouth greyish white. Thorax and scutellum shining black, black haired. Abdomen black, moderately shining, with blackish and dark brown hairs. Belly similar. Legs normal ; femora black with brown hairs ; fore tibiae dark brown, ending in a light brown spine, posterior tibiae reddish brown, middle pair darker, black at tips, shortly setose; hind pair with softer hairs, darker towards tips; tarsi brown, darker at tips ; hind metatarsus thickened, one-and-a-half times as long as next joint. Wings nearly clear, stigma dark brown, moderately long, and distinct: 4th longitudinal vein forking exactly at junction with outer cross-vein, the branches not widely separated. Halteres black. Described from a @ in the Indian Museum collection from Phakia, Kumaon district (10,700 ft.), taken by Mr. A. D. Imms, 3-vi-09. N.6.—This species bears a considerable resemblance to the European B. laniger, Mg., but that species has greyish brown, thicker, woolly hair, and a comparison of specimens of the two species shows them to be quite distinct. 280 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoreiVe Bibio defectus, mihi, sp. nov. @. Darjiling. Long. 3} mm. Head and appendages wholly black, very shortly pubescent. Thorax shining black, with dark brown hairs; scutellum and sides black. Abdomen black with brown hairs, greyish hairs at the tip and at the sides near the base. Legs dark brown, hind femora nearly black, somewhat long, distinctly though not greatly clubbed, hind tibiae a little lighter, with darker streaks, also clubbed. Wings pale brownish grey; stigma moderately large and distinct ; 4th longitudinal vein forking distinctly proximad of the posterior cross-vein, the branches moderately diverging ; lower branch of 4th and upper branch of 5th veins shortened, not reach- ing the wing-margin. Halteres black. Described from a unique @ from Kurseong, taken 13-viii-09 [Paiva]; preserved in the Indian Museum. NotE.—This species comes in the group containing the Euro- pean species clavipes, varipes, etc. Dilophus graciosus, Big. Redescription. oa” @. N.India; China. Long. 7 3mm., 2 34-33? mm. @. Hyes rather bright reddish brown, some long whitish hairs below the head. Thorax shining, abdomen somewhat roughened ; posterior margin of scutellum, and a scutellar ridge below it, connecting it with the metanotum, bright brownish yel- low. ‘The whole body with short sparse pale hairs. Legs reddish brown, with yellowish hairs (longest on the femora) ; coxae and tarsi tips darker. Wings (damaged) nearly clear, stigma dark brown, distinct but ill-defined ; halteres black, rather large, stems yellow. 2. Head black, shining, eyes long, antennae jet black. Thorax bright ferruginous, with a thin black dorsal line, which widens anteriorly and extends along the anterior borders of the thorax nearly to the shoulders. Abdomen dull ferruginous, dorsum of segments blackish, the first two or three segments nearly wholly blackish on upper side. Belly ferruginous. Legs black, all the coxae, the fore femora wholly, middle femora wholly, except the tips, and the basal half of the hind femora, bright ferruginous. Wings uniformly yellow- ish grey, stigma large, clear cut, black. Redescribed from specimens of both sexes in the Indian Museum including the type ~ and @, which were taken in cop. by Major Sage in September 1890 at Dharamsala, Western Himalayas. The other specimens are from Amangarh, Bijnor District, United EQLIs| E. BRuNETII: New Oriental Nemocera. 281 Provinces, 24-ii-I0 ; Kurseong, 24-vi-ro ; Theog (8,000 ft.), 2-v-07 ; Phagu (9,000 ft.), 4I1-v-og [Annandale]; Kumaon district (5,700 it.), July 1909 [Jmms] ; Darjiling, 21-iv-10 [Beebe]. A ¢ in the same collection from Yunnan, South China, almost certainly represents the same species. Type o and @ in Indian Museum. Scatopse brunnescens, mihi, sp. nov. @. Ceylon. Long. 2 mm. Whole body and legs dark shining brown, slightly yellowish, tinged here and there with short whitish pubescence. Dorsum of abdomen nearly black, belly dark brownish yellow. Antennae with 2nd scapal joint a little longer than the Ist, followed by six flagellar short, wide, rounded joints, with a long (equally broad at its base), conical terminal joint; all the antenna with close greyish pubescence. Wings with the two anterior distinct veins joined towards the base by a short cross-vein, the Ist of these veins ending before the middle of the costa, the 2nd ending some little distance before the tip of the wing, at the spot where the costal vein ends. Of the faint veins, the Ist is perfectly straight, ending some little distance below the tip of the wing, forked beyond its middle, the branch vein being anterior to the vein itself, the prong of the fork ending exactly at the wing tip. The next vein is slightly curved, attaining the wing-border faintly : the 3rd and 4th veins are short and distinct, both curved rather suddenly downwards towards their tips to the hind margin. Described from one specimen from Peradeniya [Gravely |. Type in Indian Museum. Q-Vili- 10 ) Scatopse nigronitida, mihi, sp. nov. o @. Western Himalayas. Long. 2-24 mm. Wholly shining black with minute black pubescence. Femora with a tinge of dark brown in certain lights. Wings clear; 4th vein originating immediately proximad of tip of Ist, the branches diverging gradually up to half their length, afterwards diverging widely. Upper branch of 5th nearly straight ; lower branch, ort ginating near base, almost at right angles, nearly straight. Hal- teres thick, brown. Described from two pairs taken in cop., an additional ~ and 2 2 2 in the Indian Museum from Dharampur (5,000 ft., Simla hills), 14-v-08 [Annandale]. 282 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL.cLvs, SIMULIIDAE. SIMULIUM. Table of spectes. A Thorax distinctly reddish brown, with short yellow hair ; rufithorax, sp. nov. AA Thorax black; at most with a dull reddish brown tinge occasionally. B Thorax with grey shoulder spots, and a wide greyish band on posterior margin gVYUSESCENS, SP. NOV. BB Thorax without either prey, Shoulder spots or posterior marginal band. Abdomen destitute of any sign of yellow hair. D Hind metatarsus much incrassated, nearly as long and as large as the Gl iaeee metatarsalis, sp. nov. DD Hind metatarsus not SO conspicuously incrassated: distinctly less in size than the tibia.! EK Antennae wholly black. Long.2}mm_ gvisei/rons, sp. nov. EE Antennae reddish yellow at base. Long. 13mm. .. “is .. rufibasis, sp. nov. CC Abdomen with short bright yellow hair, or with rather shagey brownish yellow hair. Abdomen with normal, short, very bright yellow hair. G Abdomen with at least the first two segments distinctly yellowish or brownish yellow, often several seg- ments so coloured ae .. indicum, Becher. GG Abdomen all black ae . aureohirtum, sp. nov. FF Abdomen with distinctly longer shaggy brownish yellow hair a . senilis, sp. nov. Simulium rufithorax, mihi, sp. nov. ¢ 2. Bombay; E. Himalayas. Long. 2 mm. Head.—Eyes dull red, the upper facets in the ~ very large, the lower ones small, sharply demarcated from each other, the eyes being absolutely contiguous from the extreme vertex to the antennae. In the @ the facets uniformly small, the frons dark grey, nearly blackish, covered with golden yellow hairs. Proboscis and palpi blackish, the former with well-developed labella at the 1 Probably a sexual character, but no better one offers itself, and the two forms may possibly be the 7 and 2 of the same species. TOLLE. E. BRUNETII: New Oriental Nemocera. 283 tip, the latter with the last joint distinctly the largest. Antennae more or less reddish brown (in the type o, the scape and two basal flagellar joints reddish,’ in one ? wholly red, in the other only slightly so at the base, in all cases with whitish pubescence over the whole flagellum). A row of whitish hairs behind the eyes encircling the back of the head. Thorax wholly rather dull but obviously reddish brown on dorsum, covered with bright golden yellow hairs, sides of thorax wholly blackish grey. Scutellum reddish brown, metanotum dark grey. Abdomen blackish, the posterior margins of the segments very narrowly whitish, dorsum with a few pale scattered hairs. Legs.—Apparently normally the coxae and femora dull reddish brown or brownish yellow, the tibiae and tarsi blackish, but the brownish colour extends at least to the hind femora in one of the female specimens. Hind metatarsus much enlarged in both sexes, especially so in the » , in both sexes as long as or slightly longer than the rest of the tarsus and about two-thirds as long as the tibia. Wings clear, venation normal. Halteres brownish or blackish. Described from one @ from Kanara, Bombay, viii-o7, and two ° @ from Karwar, Bombay, viii-o7. Two @ @ in the Indian Museum are from Kurseong, 10o—26-ix-o9 [Lynch], and 7-1x-09 (type 2 ) | Annandale}. Type o in the Pusa collection, type 2 in the Indian Museum. Simulium grisescens, mihi, sp. nov. @. Darjiling district. Long. 14 mm. Head set very close on the thorax. Eyes with conspicuously large facets on upper side; a moderately narrow face below the antennae, light grey. Antennae black, with rather thick short grey pubescence, scape brownish yellow. Proboscis blackish, yellowish at tip; palp black. Thorax deep velvet-black, evidently originally covered with the short bright yellow hairs common to most of the Oriental species, shoulders broadly and squarely pale blue greyish dusted, the inner corner of the spot nearly rectangular; also a broad similarly coloured band on the posterior margin. This rather gives the appearance of the dorsum being of blue-grey ground- colour with a broad deep black transverse band occupying the major portion of the surface with a contiguous perpendicular broad stripe reaching to the anterior margin. Sides of thorax conspicuously blue-grey dusted; scutellum blackish, metanotum black. Abdomen black, apparently with a little brownish yellow pubescence; Ist segment with blue-grey shimmer, the fan-shaped side hairs brownish yellow. Belly black. ! Under a strong light, the microscope reveals the whole antenna as dull red- dish brown, though the flagellum appears mainly black to the naked eye. 284 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vora Legs.—Fore coxae pale yellowish, posterior coxae blackish grey. Fore femora principally brownish yellow, a little blackish towards the tip: posterior femora blackish, the base shortly yellowish. Fore tibiae and tarsi shining black, the proportions of the joints as in indicum, but the three first tarsal joints are widened, although none of them to such an extent as in that species: 4th and 5th joints very narrow. Middle tibiae black, narrowly yellowish at base, metatarsus yellowish, black at tip, rest of tarsus black, the joints narrowly yellowish at base. Hind tibiae considerably widened, black, very narrow at base, where it is a little yellowish; hind metatarsus much enlarged, basal half yellowish, the rest black: remainder of tarsus black, base of 2nd joint a little yellowish: hind metatarsus much longer than the rest of the tarsus and practically as long as the tibia. Both hind tibia and metatarsus with long hairs on the upper side. Wings quite clear, venation normal, halteres bright yellow, large and thick. Described from a unique type male in the Indian Museum from Kurseong, taken by Mr. Lynch, 10—26-ix-09. NotE.—This is a very distinct species, recognisable by the bluish grey dusted spots on the shoulder; the similarly coloured band on the posterior margin of the thoracic dorsum, and the first abdominal segment tinged with the same colour also. The third fore tarsal joint being widened is also a specific distinction, and noticeable when specimens of grisescens and indicum are placed side by side. Simulium metatarsalis, mihi, sp. nov. @. Darjiling district. Long. barely 2 mm. Head very closely applied to the thorax. Eyes contiguous from vertex to antennae, upper facets very large. Proboscis and palpi black. Antennae black, with close greyish pubescence. Thorax black; dorsum with close bright yellow hairs which appear reddish orange when viewed from certain directions. Scutellum black, with yellow hairs. Sides of thorax and metano- tum black. Lower part of thorax anteriorly, grey dusted. Abdomen wholly black with rather sparse black pubescence, no trace of gold hairs. Belly similar. The hairs towards the sides of the Ist segment light brownish. Legs.—Fore coxae yellowish, posterior pairs blackish. Fore femora and tibiae dull yellowish, with golden yellow hair nearly as far as the tip of the latter, which with the whole tarsus, is black, the tarsus narrow, of equal width throughout. In spite of the gold hair the fore tibiae viewed from above appear whitish grey. Middle femora and tibiae slender, basal half of each yellowish, with some yellow hair, apical half black, as are the slender middle tarsi. Hind femora mainly black, slightly pale yellowish at base, tibiae much incrassated, basal half yellowish, IOEK.| E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 285 with gold-yellow hair, metatarsus much incrassated also. Nearly as large as the tibia. Relatively larger than in any other Oriental species, the basal half yellowish, rest of tarsus black. The hind tibiae and metatarsi with numerous long hairs on upper side. Wings colourless, venation normal. MHalteres brownish. Described from a perfect unique @ from Kurseong, taken 28-iii-10, by Dr. Annandale. Type in the Indian Museum. NoteE.—From the general resemblance between the two species, it seems possible that griseifrons may be the @ of this species. Simulium griseifrons, mihi, sp. nov. @. Western Himalayas. Long. nearly 2} mm. Head.—From between one-third and one-fourth the width of the head; grey dusted, without any vestige of gold hair; face convex, blackish. Proboscis and labella reddish brown, palpi black. Antennae wholly black. Back of head blackish grey (seen from above, whitish grey), with some black hairs, which form an irregular fringe behind the eyes. Thorax (partly denuded) black, apparently covered with short golden yellow pubescence. Scutellum black, covered with gold pubescence and with a row of long soft black hairs on hind margin. Sides of thorax blackish. Abdomen black, the extreme edge of each segment pale. Legs.—Fore coxae dull brownish yellow, posterior coxae black. Femora brownish yellow, apical half black, the colour less pro- nounced and less extensive on the fore pair. ‘Tibiae, basal two- thirds yellowish, apical third black; the outer sides of the tibiae. seen from above, appear whitish. Tarsi black, the anterior ones with metatarstis as long as the rest of the tarsus, but only slightly wider. Hind metatarsus considerably incrassated, distinctly longer than rest of tarsus, and with the basal half yellowish white. Wings clear; venation in accordance with the generic charac- ters. Halteres pale yellow. Described from one @ from Kalighat, Kumaon (6,000 ft.), Western Himalayas, taken by Mr. A. D. Imms, 4-vi-Io. Type in Indian Museum. NotE.—Possibly the @ of metatarsalis. ‘The only distinctive character between them seems to be the difference in the size of the hind metatarsus, and this is probably a sexual one. Simulium rufibasis, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Darjiling district. Long. 14 mm. Head.—Frons blackish grey without trace of gold hair, face light ash-grey. Proboscis and labella dull dark reddish brown; palpi black. Antennae black, basal two or three joints reddish yellow. 286 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOLeEV, Thorax as in previous species, except that the scutellum is slightly reddish brown at the tip, and that (being denuded) no golden yellow hair is visible on its dorsum, though such is prob- ably present in perfect specimens. Abdomen wholly black, dull. Legs.—Fore coxae yellowish, posterior coxae black: all trochanters brownish yellow. Femora black, but fore pair a little yellowish at the base. Fore tibiae whitish yellow, except a little blackish at the tip, posterior tibiae yellowish on basal half, blackish on apical half. Tarsi exactly as in the previous species. Wings clear; venation normal. Halteres bright yellow. Described from a2 single type @ in the Indian Museum, taken by Dr. Annandale at Kurseong, 18-vi-10. Simulium indicum, Becher. This species was described originally (Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, lili, 199, pl. xiv) in 1884 from female specimens in the Indian Museum from Assam. It appears to be fairly common and widely distributed along the Himalayas and into Assam, the Museum possessing specimens from Mussoorie (7,400 ft.), 19-x-09 [Badley Scott]; Simla (7,000 ft.) , 14-iv-07 [Annandale]; Darjiling (7,000 ft.), 12-viii-o9 [ Jenkins]; Kurseong, 10—26-ix-0g [Lynch]; Sylhet, 18-iv-o5 [Hall]; Khasi Hills, ‘‘ Assam,” 2-iii-o5 [Hall]; and Jaunsa, Tons Valley [C. G. Rogers]. Of the ~ , which has apparently not previously been recorded, there are two specimens from the island of Bombay, 25-xi-09, one of which I propose as the new type of the species, the original type ¢ not being traceable. Two other @ @ in the same collection appear to represent a variety with wholly black abdomen; they come from Darjiling, 1o-viil-0g [Paiva], and Ukhral, Manipur (6,400 ft.) | Petizgrew]. The extent of the yellow on the abdomen is very variable, in the series of specimens examined. In general appearance the species resemble aureohirtum, but differs in the following points :— The frons is shining greyish white, the humeral calli are dis- tinctly and rather broadly reddish brown, the colour varying in extent; the sides of the thorax are distinctly grey dusted (in one example there is a grey dusted band along the lateral margins of the dorsum); the antennae are always more or less reddish brown at the base. The two principal specific characters are, the yellow colour of, generally at least, the first two abdominal segments, and the fore metatarsi are distinctly incrassated as well as length- ened. The fore coxae are yellowish, the posterior ones blackish; the femora and tibiae are pale on the basal half, the remainder being black; the fore and hind tibiae are shining whitish yellow. Tarsi black, posterior metatarsi pale on basal half, more so on hinder pair. The fore metatarsus and hind metatarsus are both IQII. | E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 287 lengthened and considerably incrassated; the golden yellow hair on the hind legs reaches to and covers the metatarsus; it is ap- parently sparser on the anterior legs. Simulium aureohirtum, mihi, sp. nov. o @. Assam and Bombay. Long. 2-3 mm. Head.—The large upper facets of the eye in the @ relatively smaller than in the other species, the eyes closely contiguous from vertex to antennae. Antennae dull reddish brown, varying to nearly black; sometimes scape and one or two basal flagellar joints pale also, the remainder blackish, occasionally the whole antennae brownish yellow. Frons nearly one-third of the head in ¢ , black- ish grey with rather thick bright vellow hair; face dark grey with a few yellow hairs. Proboscis and palpi blackish or dark brown. Thorax blackish, occasionally with a little dull reddish brown tinge; with close bright yellow hair covering the whole of the dorsum. Shoulders sometimes reddish brown, the colour occa- sionally extending narrowly along the anterior margin of the thorax. The sides blackish grey. bare. Scutellum normally black, but sometimes reddish brown, always with close yellow hair. Metano- tum blackish. : Abdomen blackish, with gold-yellow hair: in some specimens the characteristic ridge on the first segment is pale on the hind margin; the usual fan-shaped row of yellow hairs towards each side on the first segment. Belly black. Legs.—Normally , fore coxae brownish yellow or pale yellowish, posterior coxae black or blackish grey. Femora principally reddish brown or brownish yellow, with a broader or narrower apical band, this band generally wide on the posterior legs; often the fore femora wholly pale; sometimes the remaining femora also almost wholly so. ‘Tibiae generally with basal half (or rather more) brownish yellow, the remainder black, sometimes whoily dark brown or brownish black; a slight whitish grey shimmer is visible inl some specimens viewed from above. ‘farsi blackish or dark brown, basal half of metatarsus normally pale, the extent of the colour varying considerably. Fore tarsi ~ @ not widened, meta- tarsus barely as long as rest of tarsus, whole tarsus distinctly longer than tibia. Middle tarsi in both sexes about as long as the tibia, metatarsus equal to the remainder of the tarsus. Hind tarsi in @ considerably thickened, three-fourths as long as tibia, and distinctly longer than the rest of the tarsus, whole tarsus a little longer than tibia. Hind tarsus in @ of the same proportion as in the o except being less thickened. The coxae, femora, outer side of tibiae, and the under side of the hind metatarsus (the latter in @ only) bear golden yellow hair more or less prominently in «, more sparsely in @. Wings clear, venation normal. Halteres brownish or brownish yellow. 288 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor EVs Described from two ~ » from Umling, Assam, iii-o7 (includ- ing type «), and several 2 @ from Kanara, Bombay, vili-07 (in- cluding type 2), alsotwo @ @ from Umling, 1i1-07, all in the Pusa collection. A ? with all the pubescence rubbed from the abdo- men is probably this species. It is in the Indian Museum, from Kurseong, 6-ix-09. Types in Pusa collection. Nores.—Although none of the specimens are in good condi- tion, the specific characters as illustrated by the full series seem to be sufficiently distinctive from indicum to warrant the claim of the species to specific rank. The differences I perceive are, (i) the abdomen is wholly black, instead of yellowish at the base ; (11) the blackish grey, not whitish grey sides to the thorax ; (iii) the barely widened fore tarsi in the 2, compared with the conspicuously widened two first joints in zndicum. ‘The amount of bright yellow hair also appears greater in this species, especially on the legs. Simulium senilis, mihi, sp. nov. 7. Western Himalayas. Long. 3 mm. Head.—¥yes closely contiguous, the head applied very closely to the thorax. Proboscis, palpi, antennae and under side of head wholly black. Thorax black, with short bright yellow hair. Sides black, with a little greyish reflection. Scutellum black, with bright yellow hair, metanotum black. Abdomen black with moderately sparse but rather ragged yellowish or brownish yellow hairs which are distinctly longer than in any other Oriental species, and present an appearance of shagginess. ‘The first segment has the characteristic (generic) ridge a little pale, with, towards each side, very long shaggy brownish yellow hair which reaches nearly to the middle of the abdomen. Legs.—Fore coxae pale yellowish, posterior coxae blackish. All femora yellowish, a little darker at the tip, especially the hind pair. All tibiae dirty yellowish, a little darker towards the tip ; both femora and tibiae with golden yellow hair, which is less obvious on the latter. Anterior tarsi black, narrow, not at all enlarged, metatarsus equal in length to the remainder of the tarsus, the whole tarsus about as long as the tibia. Hind meta- tarsus enlarged, two-thirds as long as the tibia, yellowish, the tip black, remainder of tarsus black with the bases of one or two of the joints a little yellowish. Wings colourless, venation normal. Described from a single @ in good condition in the Indian Museum taken by Dr. Annandale, 8-v-07, at Phagu (8,700 ft.), Simla district. : NotEe.—The length and somewhat shaggy appearance of the hair on the abdomen effectually distinguishes this species from other eastern ones. IQEL.) E. BRuNETII: New Oriental Nemocera. 289 PSY CHODIDAE. Table of subfamiltes. The 7th longitudinal vein absent.' The 2nd longitudinal forks at, or only very little before, the middle of the wing. Prongs of upper branch always fork distad of middle of wing (in P. mala- bavicus, at the middle). Genitalia of the o with three pairs of append- ages; ovipositor in ¢ without horny scimitar-shaped pair of valves . PHLEBOTOMINAE. N.B.—One genus only, Phlebotomus Rond., is Ouentt, The 7th longitudinal vein conspicuously present. The 2nd longitudinal forks quite near base of wing ; always before the first fourth of the wing’s length. Prongs of upper branch always fork proximad of middle of wing. Genitalia in the o with two (Psychoda Latr., Pericoma Wlk.) or three (Brunetiza Ann., Parabrunettia gen nov.) pairs of appendages ; ovipositor in @ consisting of a conspicuous horny scimitar-shaped projecting appendage, forming a pair of valves .. sd ei .. PSYCHODINAE. Since the publication by me, comparatively recently (Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 369), of several new species of Psychoda and Pericoma from India, a considerable quantity of fresh material has accumulated at the Indian Museum, but it is to be regretted that the present notes and description do not in any way bring our knowledge of the Oriental, or even the Indian species up to date, as there still remains a residuum of small obscure specimens which I have been unable to deal with successfully. They may represent few species or a number of either described or of undes- cribed ones. Much further study is required on the limits of those already known before additional ones should be described. At present I am able to sink my Pericoma appendiculata definitely as the 2 of spinicornis; and P. bella as a synonym of margini- notata. No further specimens of Psychoda dtstincta, albonotata and albonigra have come before me, but good or fair series of bengalensis. nigripennis, and vittata have stamped these as good species. The first three species of Psychoda in my table ) In Phiebotomus papatasii an exceedingly short 7th longitudinal vein occurs at the base of the 6th running almost direct to the wing-margin. It is liable to be entirely overlooked but Grassi figures it, and it is found in P. perturbans, Meij. 290 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, (l. c., p. 370) are referred to a new genus, closely allied to the recently established Brunettia, Annandale, but of these species, no further specimens have been seen of squamtpennis and argenteo- punctata. Four genera are recognised here in the Psychodinae Psychoda and Pericoma, which never possess conspicuously scaled wings and conspicuous chaetae together in the same species;' and Brunettia and Parabrunetiia (the latter, new) in which both scaled wings and tolerably or very conspicuous chaetae on the flagellar joints of the antennae are simultaneously present. JI am still much in doubt, however, as to the limits of both these latter genera. Eaton’s genera are, to my thinking, untenable,” yet the group of species with thickly scaled, broad wings, generally with hairs closely covering the surface also, and with distinct chaetae on the flagellum, seems a well-defined one ; all of these possess the venation of Psychoda except superstes, which, being the first species described, must remain typical of Brunettia. At the present state of our knowledge it appears to me that it will eventuaily be found that the three genera Psychoda, Pericoma and Parabrunettia all possess some species with and some species without: (1) areas of conspicuous extent on the wings covered with scales ; (2) hairs on the surface of the wings in addition to those on the veins; and (3) some species with the 2nd longitudinal vein forking before (proximad of) the origin of the 3rd longitudinal vein whilst other species have the fork beyond (distad of) the origin of the 3rd vein. None of these can by any means be regarded as generic characters, but serve very well as primary divisions of the species into groups. The genital organs have not occupied much attention hitherto, but Dr. Annandale is engaged to some extent on their examina- tion. In dried specimens their exact observation is always difficult. The presence of the spiral chaetae (so conspicuously devel- oped in Brunettia superstes) in Psychoda distincta, Pericoma spini- cornis and margininotata, though much inferior in size, affords a further point on which to separate or substantiate species, but they must not be regarded as of more than specific value. Dr. Annandale has also discovered in Psychoda bengalensits and nigripennis a previously overlooked peculiarity in the shape of a pair of very small bifid chaetae on each joint (except the last) of the flagellum, having the appearance of two pairs of cow’s horns. They may, quite possibly, be present in some other species, but require very minute examination, being almost transparent. > | «« Conspicuous ’’ is emphasized, as very small chaetae (differing only in size from those in Parabrunettia), are found by Dr. Annandale to be present in some species of Pericoma. They appear to be absent in most species of Psychoda. 2 A number of genera in Psychodidae, created on variations of scales on the wings, seems wholly undesirable, as tending to reduce the family to the level of taxonomic absurdity at present happily to be found only in the Culicidae. IgII.] E. Brunetti1: New Oriental Nemocera. 201 PSYCHODA and PERICOMA. A closer study of the Indian species in these two genera (which represent the only Oriental ones available) results in several characters being found which were not made use of in my pre- vious paper on this family. Firstly there is the presence or absence of distinct scales on the wings—nearly always of some shade of brown, although sometimes appearing whitish or greyish when viewed from certain directions. These scales appear in only one species (apicalts) of Psychoda, but characterise several species in Pericoma, whilst in Parabrunettia they are present in some species on both the upper and lower surfaces of the wing, and in others on the lower surface only. In referring to these scales, allusion is not made to a certain number of scale-like hairs or even true scales, few in number and irregularly placed, at the base of the wing, and which may be present in many species, possibly adventitiously ; but only to cases where the scales are numerous, eminently conspicuous and arranged in regular rows, covering thickly the whole of such ,portion of the wing-surface as they may occupy. The second character, which, like that of scales, is quite con- sistent in its occurrence or absence, is that of hairs, comparatively soft or at least less bristly than usual, closely covering the sur- face of the wing as well as the veins and arranged longitudinally or nearly so, so that they do not form the ‘“‘ criss-cross”’ pattern obvious in the case of all those species in which the hairs are confined to the veins. It is quite obvious at a glance to which category any wing belongs except in the densely scaled ones. The third consistent character is the position at which the 2nd longitudinal vein forks (always near the base of the wing) : whether before or after (proximad or distad of) the origin of the 3rd longitudinal vein. Further characters appear less definite and should best be applied only to the separation of closely-allied species, being liable to occasional variation. The three principal characters above specified can be used in both Psychoda and Pericoma.! Under Brunettia and Parabrunettia (two at present rather indefinitely characterised genera) are given some considerations relating, chiefly or wholly, to those species at present referred to them. PSYCHODA, Latr. Table of specves. A Surface of wing either without scales, or (when such are present) limited to a 1 Probably they will be found to apply equally well to at least Pavabrunettia also, when this genus is more closely characterised and a larger number of its species better understood. 292 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vors lve few small tufts forming spots placed at the tips of the veins, on the margin of the wing or at the forking of the veins: never covering any appreciable extent of the wing-sur- face.| Sometimes a few, irregular- ly placed, at the base of the wings. B Wings with the hazrs on the veins only, arranged in two divaricate depress- ed rows, one on each side, and generally overlapping those of the contiguous veins, presenting a ““criss-cross’’ appearance to the whole wing. No hatrs whatever on the surface of the wing. No obvious scales, except as forming the small spots. Wing with distinct black hair-spots at the tips of many or all of the veins. D The 2nd longitudinal vein forks very closely proximad or distad of the base of the 3rd vein. EK Fore metatarsi wholly white scaled .. geniculata, sp. nov. EE Fore metatarsi never wholly white scaled (at the tip only in albonigra, and not at all in bengalensis). F Wings with thick black bushy hair on costa, with small spots (each com- posed of one or two white scales), placed along a considerable section of it, at apparently regular inter- vals. (The 2nd longitudinal vein forks immediately proximad of the base of the 3rd vein; the fork of the anterior branch of the 2nd vein opposite that of the 4th vein.) .. albonigra, Brun. FF Wings with only normally blackish grey hair; scale-spots wholly absent. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks barely distad of the base of the 3rd vein, practically simultaneously. The fork of the anterior branch of the 2nd vein a little distad of that of the 4th vein: .- AP : DD The 2nd longitudinal vein forks con- siderably distad of the base of the 3rd vein. bengalensis, Brun. ! An apparent exception is P. orbicularis, in which scales are present on the basal portion of the veins only, but never on the surface of the wing, that is to say, emanating from the surface. Coe] E. BRUNETTI : New Oriental Nemocera. G White scale-spots absent from tips of veins. ‘Tips of tibiae and metatarsi not white scaled GG White scale-spots present ‘at tips of veins. ‘Tips of tibiae and metatarsi with white scales ¥ CC Wings without hair-spots ait tips ei veins. H Veins of wings wholly without rows of distinct scales on any part of their length, nor distally in the form of spots. I The 2nd longitudinal vein forks distad of the base of the 3rd vein. Hairs on veins uniformly blackish—no conspicuous lighter sections of hairs. The middle veins (2nd, 3rd and 4th) nearly straight or gently bisinuate. J Thorax with blackish grey hair. An- terior branch of 2nd longitudinal vein forking a little beyond the middle of the wing, the 4th forking a little before the middle : JJ Thorax with bright yellowish brown hair. Anterior branch of 2nd vein forks as in ntgripennis, but the 4th vein forks near base of wing Il ‘The 2nd longitudinal vein forks proxt- mad of the base of the 3rd _ vein. Hairs on veins mainly blackish but with a transverse band of light brown hairs, formed by a short row placed beyond the middle part of each vein, in the distal portion of the wing, The middle veins (2nd, 3rd, 4th) distinctly arcuate HH Veins of wings with distinct scales on the basal fourth of all of them BB Wing with the surface closely covered with hairs as well as the veins, the hairs placed much more longitudin- ally than in the species of B section, giving a longitudinal appearance to the pubescence instead of a criss- cross network. K Distinct spots at least near the margin of the wing, white or black or both, composed of small scales or stiff hairs. . distans, sp. nov. . albopicta, sp. nov. nigripennis, Brun. . orbicularis , . fulvohirta, sp. nov. . vittata, Brun. sp. nov. 204 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOE Ly. I, The white spots on wing chiefly con- fined to the wing-border, or at fork- ing of 2nd and 4th veins. M Anterior branch of 2nd longitudinal vein forks opposite fork of the 4th vein. A few scales near the base of the wing. The small white scaly hair-spots placed at the tip of each vein, wherever they occur .. albonotata, Brun. MM Anterior branch of 2nd longitudinal vein forks a little proximad of the fork of the 4th vein. The white spots composed of white hairs, not scales, and placed between the tips of the veins, not at the tips . distincta, Brun. MMM Anterior branch of 2nd longitudinal vein forks near middle of wing, a little distad of the fork of the 4th vein. All three terminations of the 2nd, and that of the 3rd vein with a pair of small spots placed very closely together, composed of a few elong- ate yellow bristly hairs. Lower branch of 4th vein, and the 5th vein, at their tips with conspicuous black hair-spots. Tips of other veins with more or less inconspi- cuous black hair-spots, or a tend- ency thereto 4. . decora, sp. nov. LIL, The white spots (20 or more) distri- buted irregularly along all the veins, giving the entire wing a eee appearance Af . maculipennts, sp.nov. KK _ No distinct spots near or at the wing- margin. With or without two transverse narrow bands of grey scale-like hairs. N With such transverse bands .. transversa, sp. nov. NN Wing wholly unmarked .. .. hirtipennts, sp. nov. AA Surface of wing wholly covered with closely-placed imbricating dark scales apicalis, sp. nov. Psychoda geniculata, mihi, sp. nov. @. Ceylon. Long. about 14 mm. Very near P. albonigra, mihi. A dark brown species with dark brown wings and conspicuous white spots on the legs. Wings with black and white spots near tips of veins. I9OII.] E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 295 Body clothed with thick blackish brown hair, with which is intermixed on the thorax, some fan-shaped tufts of whitish grey hair. White bristly, almost scale-like, hair on vertex and bristly black hair on frons and face. Antennae with very elongate flask-shaped joints, verticillate as in P. bengalensits; scape with milk-white elongate scales; chaetae present on flagellum, but small, curved, not S-shaped ; pubescence of flagellum greyish white. Legs with light brown scales and some bristly hairs. Knees narrowly but distinctly white, through the presence of a few snow- white small elongate scales. ‘Tips of tibiae and of the metatarsi with a circlet of small elongate snow-white scales. Front meta- tarsi almost wholly white scaled. Some pale stiff bristles on the legs but apparently no actual isolated elongate scales as in albo- nigra. Wings with hairs situated on the veins only, rich brown in colour, showing golden brown with violet iridescence in certain lights. No surface scales on the wings, the only ones present being the smail ones forming the spots at the tips of the veins. Black bristly hair-spots at tips of practically all the veins ; some white scaly hair-spots near tips of some of the veins, and a few on each of the two lower branches of the 2nd longitudinal vein and both branches of the 4th vein, all placed at a little before their tips. A larger white scaly hair-spot near the base of the costa, and some isolated erect white hairs placed irregularly here and there on the veins. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks immediately distad of the base of the 3rd vein, the upper branch of the former forking barely beyond the middle of the wing, and very little distad of the fork of the 4th vein. Described from one @ in the Indian Museum from Pera- deniya, Ceylon, taken by Mr. E. E. Green in October IgIo. It is in perfect condition and is a distinctly good species. Psychoda albonigra, mihi. To the description of this species may be added, ‘‘ knees with a very few small white scales; tips of the metatarsi with a circlet of white scales.” The type still remains the only known specimen. Psychoda bengalensis, mihi. In the figure of the wing of this species, no auxiliary vein is shown, although it is, of course, distinctly present, extending at least to a point beyond the fork of the 2nd longitudinal vein. Additional data.—Darjiling (5,000 ft.) , 3—4-vii-08 [ Annandale] ; (7,000 ft.), 5—8-viii-og [Paiva]; Kurseong, 24-iii-10; 25—26-vi-10 [Annandale]; Phagu (9,000 ft.), I1-v-09; Barogh (5,000 ft.), I0-v-I0; Kasauli (6,300 ft.), 15-v-oS8; Dharampur (5,000 ft.), 13-v-08 (all four localities, Simla hills, taken by Dr. Annandale) , Naini Tal (6—7,000 ft., Western Himalayas) [Lloyd]; Calcutta; 296 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor lV: common vi, vii, viii [dunandale and others}; Dum Dum, near Calcutta, 29-vii-og [Lord]; Madhupur, Bengal, 22-x-0g [Paiva]; Port Canning (Ganges delta), 6-xit07 [Annandale|; Bangalore, Mysore State (3,000 ft.), 16-x-10; Trivandrum, 13-xi-o8 ; Kulatu- puzha (W. base of Western Ghats, Travancore), 19-xi-o8 ; Madda- thorai, same district, 17-xi-08 (all three, South India, taken by Dr. Annandale); Peradeniya, Ceylon, 8-vi-1o [Gravely|; Moulmein, Lower Burma, 25-11-08 [Annandale]. Psychoda distans, mihi, sp. nov. 9. South India. Long. barely 1 mm. Body covered with dark brown hair, mixed here and there with grey, the ground colour of the thorax yellowish brown, with dark greyish hair. Legs brown, the tarsi a little lighter, no white tips *> tibiae or metatarsi. Wings with the two divaricate rows of hairs on the veins only. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks considerably distad of the base of the 3rd; the anterior branch forking just beyond one third of the wing, and nearly opposite the fork of the 4th vein. A distinct and rather large black bristly hair-spot at the tip of each vein. No white scale- or hair-spots on the wing. A distinct though not conspicuous spot composed of black hairs, at the fork of the 2nd longitudinal vein and the fork of its anterior branch also. Described from a single @ in the Indian Museum from Maddathorai, Travancore State, South India, taken by Dr. Annan- dale, 16-xi-08. N.B.—The genital organs are not easily seen but the specimen appears to bea @. Psychoda albopicta, mihi, sp. nov. 2. Bengal. Long. 13 mm. Very near P. distans, but differing from that species, by very distinct though small white scale-spots at the tips of most of the veins, including the 3rd vein. A conspicuous bunch of black scaly hairs at the fork of the anterior branch of the 2nd longi- tudinal vein, and the fork of the 4th vein. Some of the black hair-spots at the tips of the veins are much less distinct than in distans. Fringe of wing dark brown on costa, lighter brown on posterior margin, the whole appearing golden brown in certain lights. The hairs on the wing are brown, darker towards the base. The body is dark, with brownish yellow hair, which is darker brown on the thoracic dorsum, and almost yellow in places. Antennae brown, flagellar joints flask-shaped with long necks, the verticillate hairs widely expanded. Long sinuous chaetae LORE) E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 207 distinctly present. The tips of the tibiae and of the metatarsi with a narrow circlet of white scales: the legs moderately dark brown. Described from a single type 2 in the Pusa collection, taken at Pusa, Bengal, 8-1-08. Psychoda nigripennis, mihi. Several specimens recently acquired by the Indian Museum through the generosity of Mr. C. W. Beebe, are in all probability this species, taken by that gentleman ten miles south of Kuching, Sarawak, Borneo, 25-vi-10. Being mounted on microscopic slides their absolute identifi- cation is impossible, in the absence of any previous examination. Additional data respecting this species —Darjiling, 3-vii-08 [Annandale|; 8—r1I-vili-og [Paiva]; Kurseong, 23—25-vi-08 [Annandale]; Simla, 9-v-09, and Phagu (Simla district, 9,000 ft.), iI-v-0g | Annandale]; Calcutta, common in June, July, August ; 24-11-10, hatched from partially dried freshwater sponge from edge of a garden pond; Kichha, Naini Tal (plains), 4-iv-og [Hodgart] ; and the following localities from South India, collected by Dr. Annandale: Trivandrum, 13-xi-08; Shasthancotta, near Quilon, 7-x1-08, ‘‘ at light ;’’ Maddathorai, 16—18-x1-08 ; Tenmalai, 22-xi-08; Nedumangad near Trivandrum, 14-xi-o8; Ernakulam (Cochin), 4-xi-08. Psychoda fulvohirta, mihi, sp. nov. ?. Darjiling district. Long. 14 mm. Body covered with blackish grey hair, with the exception of the thorax where the hair is conspicuously bright vellowish brown, that of the alulae being more yellow. Antennae as in nigrifennis. Legs blackish, without any ornamentation. Wings with the appearance of those of nigripennis. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks distinctly distad of the base of the 3rd vein, and its anterior branch forks a little beyond the middle of the wing very considerably beyond the fork of the 4th vein, which occurs towards its base. The 3rd vein is gently bisinuate. The hairs on the wings are blackish grey, those towards the base being blacker, and those of the posterior marginal fringe somewhat greyish. Described from two @ @ from Darjiling (7,000 ft.), 7-viii-o9, type [Paiva]; and Kurseong, 26-vi-1o [Annandale|; both in the Indian Museum. N.B.—The bright yellowish brown colour of the hair on the thorax makes this species easily distinguishable from all others except those specimens of margininotata with similarly coloured hair, but from that species the wholly unmarked wing and un- ornamented tarsi will readily separate it. 298 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vous IVE Psychoda vittata, mihi. A o@ has been taken by Dr. Annandale at Maddathorai, Travancore, South India, 18-xi-o8. This sex was not previously known, but the genital organs appear normally generic in character. The wings in this species are distinctly lanceolate, the fringe of the wings is darker on the section contiguous to the brownish band of hairs, and also in the neighbourhood of the wing tip. A good specific character is the curved nature of the middle veins of the wing (2nd, 3rd and 4th, with their branches), which distinguish it to some extent from its nearest allies, jugripennts and fulvohirta. Of the ‘‘ further specimens’’ remarked by me after the origi- nal description of the species, as being in the Indian Museum, two are now destroyed, and the other two are certainly vzttata. Additional data.— Several specimens in the Indian Museum, I1—26-vii-08 , and one, 16-xi-08, from Calcutta. d Psychoda orbicularis, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Bengal. Long. # mm. Very near P. nigripennis, but differing by the presence of distinct elongate brown scales on the basal fourth of all the veins. The wing is lanceolate in shape, the entire margin very distinct, whence its name, the costal fringe blackish, but appearing lighter . if viewed from certain directions; the fringe of the posterior margin light greyish. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks distinctly distad of the base of the 3rd vein, the anterior branch forking immediately before the middle. The 4th vein forks distinctly before one-third of the wing. The body is covered with brown or brownish grey hair. The antennae as in P. nigripennis, with grey pubescence. The legs yellowish grey, with light greyish pubescence. Described from a single @ in good condition from Pusa, ~ 21-xii-o8. In the Pusa collection. Psychoda albonotata, mihi. It should be noted that the whole surface of the wing 1s hairy in this species, as in all the following species. Moreover there are some distinct shortly elongate dark brown scales over the base of the wing. The Sylhet specimen noted by me ' is almost certainly this species and the few white scales on its abdomen were probably accidentally attached, not forming part at all of the insect’s vestiture. Psychoda distincta, mihi. In the original description of this species is an inaccuracy res- pecting the scales noted to occur on the basal half of the wing 1 Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 374. Ig1l1.] E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera 299 {n the type specimen (the only one now existing, as the one dated 1-i-o5 has been accidentally destroyed) there is absolutely no trace of any such scales, either at the base of the wing or elsewhere on it, with the exception of the very small ones that compose the wing-margin spots. The pinned specimen dated 30-1-05 is the type; the third specimen (which is mounted on a slide, and which shows the scales mentioned), not belonging to this species. Psychoda decora, mihi, sp. nov. 2. South India. Long. I mm. Body covered with blackish hair, the thorax covered with bright yellowish brown hair. Antennae with the pubescence rather closely compressed, as in P. mnigripennis. Legs brown, normally scaled and pubescent. Wings with dark brown and blackish hairs covering the sur- face as well as the veins. Two inconspicuous and incomplete narrow transverse lines passing across the wing similar in position to those in P. transversa, composed of light brown or yellowish brown hairs, placed in small sections. Two distinct black spots near the base of the wing, composed of stiff, erect long black thickened hairs, one spot on the base of the 2nd vein, just before the fork, and the other on the anterior branch just beyond the fork. The wing-fringe is greyish, with blacker sections here and there, the hair is also darker along the costa. Described from one ¢@ in the Indian Museum taken by Dr. Annandale at Tenmalai, Travancore State, South India, 22-x1-08. Psychoda maculipennis, mili, sp. nov. ? @. Ceylon. Long. I mm. Body with rich dark brown hair towards sides of dorsum, yellowish grey in middle and anteriorly, deep blackish brown on abdomen. Antennae with verticillate hairs thick and close, brownish, but showing greyish reflection. Palpi black with grey scales; grey scales on face, black bristly hair on frons; grey hair on vertex. Legs brownish, with concolorous bristly hair and _ scales ; tarsi with dirty grey scales. Wings with surface as well as veins closely covered with dark brown hairs. Wing-border with a narrow fringe of black hairs, which is tolerably well defined from the longer greyish fringe around the whole margin. At numerous and apparently irregular intervals these short black hairs are replaced by white or greyish ones, and along most of the veins irregularly placed, and at the tips of most of the veins are very small spots composed of a few white hairs. These small white spots (to the extent of twenty or more) give the whole wing a spotted appearance that immediately distinguishes it from all other species. 300 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vous hve Described from a single specimen, apparently a o, in good condition, from Peradeniya, Ceylon, taken 17-vi-Io by Mr. E. E. Green. In the Indian Museum. Psychoda transversa, mihi, sp. nov. ? 9. “Darilines: Wonge tenn. Body covered with brownish grey or brownish yellow bristly hairs. Antennae as in nigripennis. Legs blackish with the tarsi showing a lighter shade in certain lights, the tips of the joints with small pale scales. Wings densely covered with blackish hairs situated over the entire surface of the wings as well as on the veins. No hair-spots nor scale-spots at the tips of any of the veins, but two narrow transverse bands composed of elongated, thick- ened (almost scale-like) greyish white hairs, the first placed just before the middle of the wing, the second just beyond three- fourths of the wing ; both bands extending from the costa to the hind margin. Described from a single specimen, which is apparently a 2 (the genital organ not being clearly visible), in the Indian Mus- eum, from Kurseong (4,700—5,000 ft.), 20-vi-10, taken by Dr. Annandale. N.B.—The two conspicuous transverse bands of grey stiff hairs on the wings immediately distinguish this species from all other Oriental ones. Psychoda hirtipennis, mihi, sp. nov. 2. Daryiling district;"S. India; Bengal’ Long. “about 14 mm. Body brownish yellow, with yellowish brown or brownish grey hair varying both in shade and intensity. Antennae practically as in P. mgripennis. Legs with light brown scales, tarsi not obviously lighter, except when viewed in certain directions. Wings lanceolate, the brown hairs covering the surface of the wing and placed mainly longitudinally, no regularly divaricate rows of hairs on the veins. Some erect bristly hairs on the basal fourth of the wing. Described from several specimens in the Indian Museum presenting the following data: Kurseong, 5-ix-og; Bangalore, 15-x-10; Maddathorai, 18-x1-08 ; Trivandrum, 12—13-xi-08 (the last three places in South India, taken by Dr. Annandale); Calcutta, 2 -xA-TO! N.B.—One example of the above series (from Maddathorai), varies more than the others by having browner legs, brighter brown hair on the thorax, and a tendency to patches of darker hairs on the wing, with light greyish reflections here and there. The specimen seems to come within the probable specific range of hirtipennts, which is certainly of variable nature. IgII. | E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 301 Psychoda apicalis, mihi, sp. nov. ? 2. South India. Length of wing 2 mm. Body with dark brown hair on the thorax, a little lighter here and there. The abdomen (subsequently lost) seems to have been covered with small elongate whitish scales, which, when viewed in certain lights, show prismatic colours. Antennae as in P. nigri- pennts, the pubescence very dense, lying rather close, so that the outline of the flagellum appears to have parallel sides. Legs closely covered with blackish scales; tips of tibiae and of metatarsi, with a row of white scales, of which there are a few on the tarsi. Wings very lanceolate and narrow, wholly covered with closely placed, overlapping dark brown scales. It is difficult to see whether hairs are present on the actual surface of the wing or not, but apparently (and in all probability) they are present. Some are present on the veins. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks considerably distad of the base of the 3rd vein; the anterior branch forking again distinctly beyond the middle of the wing, a good distance beyond the fork of the 4th vein, which occurs just before the middle of the wing. Wing-border wholly unmarked, bearing a blackish brown fringe, darkest on the costa and at the base of the hind margin: a small are of nearly snow-white hairs at the tip of the wing. Described from a single 2 (2) in the Indian Museum from Maddathorai, Travancore State, South India, 16-xt-08, taken by Dr. Annandale. N.B.—Very distinct from all other species by the densely scaled wing, with snow-white fringe at the tip. The abdomen has been lost in mounting the specimen for the microscope, after the description was drawn up, but the length of the insect was over- looked. It is a small species, the wing measuring 2 mm. in length. The sex is not quite certain, but was noted originally s ‘‘probably ?.” PERICOMA, WIk. Table of spectes. A Wing with two rows of depressed scales on all the veins from the base to the middle where they area develop into bristly hairs . Ssquanunervis, Sp. nov. AA Wing without scales, except small ones in the nature of tufts forming spots at the tips of the veins or at or near their forkings. B_ Wing surface completely covered with comparatively soft black hairs, in addition to those on the veins .. annandaler, Brun. BB Wing surface wholly destitute of hairs (except an isolated one or two near 302 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor iv; the margin and a few at extreme base of wing). The hairs placed exclusively on the veins. C Lower branch of 4th longitudinal vein with a distinct appendix at its basal angle. (The 2nd longitudinal vein forks proximad of the base of the 3rd vein.) Antennae in ~ with six prominent erect spines on the upper side of the Ist flagellar joint, which is considerably lengthened. (An- tennae in @ without such spines, the rst flagellar joint not abnor- mally lengthened.) CC Lower branch of 4th longitudinal vein FF EE without such appendix at its basal angle. The 1st flagellar joint not abnormally lengthened in either sex, and always without the prominent spines. Wing with smail but distinct spots at the tips of many or all of the veins, composed of black or white hairs, scale-like hairs, or true scales, often a black and a white spot both present at the tip of the same vein. A distinct section of the marginal fringe at the tip of the wing, com- posed wholly of white or whitish hairs. Metatarsus normally black, except for an apical fringe of small white scales. Marginal fringe of wing with sections composed of grey or whitish grey hair. (The 2nd longi- tudinal vein forks proximad of the base of the 3rd vein.) Metatarsus with at least the apical half covered with whitish scales.! Marginal fringe of wing with only one are of whitish grey hair, which is apical. (The 2nd _ longitudinal vein forks proximad of the base of the 3rd vein.) .. : the marginal fringe at the wing-tip. . spinicornis, Brun. (appendiculata, Brun.) margininotata, Brun. (bella, Brun.) : .. metatarsalis, sp. nov. No distinct section of white hairs in 1 In two out of the three specimens present before me it is wholly covered with the whitish scales, except rather narrowly at the base. IQIt.| KR. BruNETII: New Oriental Nemocera. 303 G Distinct bright yellow hairs in short sections on the veins, these sections so situated as to form an irregular transverse line from the costa to near the distal end of the posterior margin. Costa with very thick black bristly hair. (The 2nd longi- tudinal vein forks distad of the base of the 3rd vein.) . mxta, sp. nov. GG No distinct sections of Brent velo hairs on the veins, any hairs of such colour being isolated and excep- tional. Costa with only normally black or blackish hairs, with some sections of lighter coloured hairs. H ‘Tarsi (apart from metatarsi) wholly white. I Metatarsi wholly white. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks proximad of origin of 3rd vein . lactevtarsis, Brun. ei! Metatarsi black, with white ‘scales at tips. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks distinctly distad of the origin of the 3rd vein .. . gilvtpes, Brun. HH Tarsi black: (apical third of fore metatarsi) and tips of posterior metatarsi with small white scales .. Proxima, sp. nov. DD Wings without distinct hair- or scale- spots at tips of veins. Hairs on veins long enough to overlap those of the adjacent veins. No white scale-spots on wings. J Wings rather smaller than usual. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks (appar- ently) distad of the base of the 3rd vettn (54 ee .. impunctata, sp. nov. JJ Wings very large. The 2nd _ longi- tudinal vein forks immediately proximad of the base of the 3rd Welt” 2% os oe .. unicolor, sp. nov. Pericoma squaminervis, mihi, sp. nov. ? 2. Darjiling district. Long. 14 mm. Body covered with light brown and greyish hair; ground colour of thorax light brown, that of abdomen blackish. An- tennae as in Psychoda bengalensis. Legs brownish grey, tarsi dis- tinctly lighter, almost as pale as in lactettarsis when viewed from certain directions. 304 Records of the Indian Museum. [Viors IV, Wings with a depressed row of elongate brown scales on each side of each vein, from the base to beyond the middle of the wing where they gradually become narrower until eventually, towards the margin of the wing, they are replaced by stiff hairs. They lie close together, although not always touching one another, and are long enough to overlap those emanating from the adjacent veins. A distinct spot of bristly black hairs at the tip of each vein, and apparently a slightly clearer spot in the wing immediately in front of the vein-tip. Described from a_ single specimen (apparently a @) in the Indian Museum taken by Dr. Annandale at Kurseong, 4-viii-o8. N.B.—A very distinct species from all others, readily dis- tinguished by the conspicuous, scaled veins. Pericoma spinicornis, mihi. P. appendiculata, mihi. As noted in the original descriptions these two forms re- present the sexes of a single species. There can be no reasonable doubt about the point, although no actual pair has been found in cop. ‘The number of spines on the first flagellar joint in the g is six: the palpi consist of four subequal, oblongo-cylindrical joints. : The Indian Museum possesses a good series giving the follow- ing data: Darjiling (7,000 ft.), 26—28-v-1o and 2-x-08, common [Brunetti |; 8—-11-viti-0g [ Jenkins]; 6—10-viii-og [Paiva]; Kurseong (5,000 ft.), 20--26-vi-Io; 3—5-vil-o8; 4—5-ix-o9 [Annandale]; 10—26-ix-09 [Lynch]; Kurseong (4,700—5 ,000 ft.), 24-iii-10 [A nnan- dale and Gravely]; Siliguri, base of Darjiling hills, 18—20-vii-07 [Hodgart|; Simla, r1-v-08, 5-v-10, I0-v-0g, on windows [Annan- dale|; Phagu (9,000 ft.), 11-v-og [Annandale]; Naini Tal (6,000 ft.) , 2-vi-o9 [Hodgart]. BI B] Pericoma annandalei, mihi. Eight examples of this species have been acquired by the Indian Museum, captured by Dr. Annandale at Kurseong, 22—29-vi-10, where he found them running over Caladium leaves at dusk, in thick jungle. Pericoma margininotata, mihi. P. bella, mihi. Long. 13—1? mm. From a good series of this species (with which must be in- cluded the form described as bella), recently acquired by the Indian Museum, it is possible to emend the original description. The species is very variable in its coloration. The 2nd scapal joint is subglobular, a little more than half as iong as the Ist, which is cylindrical, twice as long as its width. The flagellum is composed of either fifteen distinct joints, or of IgII.] E. Brunetti: New Onental Nemocera. 305 fourteen joints with an apical style to the last one. The 4th palpal joint is the longest and thinnest. At the tip of each vein, normally, is a black hair-spot and a small white scale-spot, the latter sometimes almost in the marginal fringe. The costal fringe comprises some short sections composed mainly of white or whitish hairs, including generally a section of some length just beyond the middle; whilst the wing- tip is always clothed with white hairs for some distance, there being also some few short patches of white hair in the fringe of the posterior margin. An error has crept into the sentence (Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 383) about the 3rd vein, which should read: “‘ the 3rd vein originates in a right angle from the 2nd, just beyond where the latter forks ; its basal portion very narrow, but quite distinct in wings denuded of vestiture ; and there is a distinct appendix at the angle.”’ The study of a good series in the Indian Museum makes it clear that the black hair-patches on the wing are tolerably con- stant, especially those at the fork of the upper branch of the 2nd longitudinal vein, and at the fork of the 4th vein. The hairs at the wing-tip are generally wholly white, always mainly so. The wing as described under the specific name bel/a in my previous paper on this family, may be regarded as the typical form ; whilst the form described (/oc. cit.) in the subsequent note is not at all uncommon. The colour of the hair on the dorsum of the thorax varies from greyish white to rather bright reddish brown, all interme- diate shades being represented in different individuals. The tarsi are best described as variable; generally pale yellowish at base, darkening to dark brown at the tips; with long, irregularly placed bristly hairs, which are pale on the basal half of the tarsi and dark brown on the apical half, being concolor- ous with the ground colour of the limb. The rest of my descrip- tion of the tarsi is correct, and may be supplemented by “* the distance covered by the white apical scales at the tips of the basal joints of the tarsi, varies, especially on the 2nd tarsal joint, which is in some examples all white, the colour in all cases being that of the scales, as the ground colour of the whole tarsus is always black.”’ The Indian Museum has this species from Darjiling (7,000 ft.), 26-v-10 [Brunetti]; 11-viii-og [Dr. Jenkins]; 5—8-viii-o9 [ Parva}; Kurseong, 25—27-vi-to [Annandale]; Simla, 25-iv-07, II-v-08, g—io-v-0g [Annandale]; Phagu (9,000 ft., Simla district), II—15-v-09 [Annandale]; Pallode (20 miles N. KE. of Trivandrum, South India), 15-xi-o8 [Annandale). Pericoma metatarsalis, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Western Himalayas. Long. 1} mm. This species differs from the bella form of margininotaia in only two characters, but these are practically consistent in the three examples examined. 306 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, The metatarsus is, with the exception of its immediate base, covered rather thickly with whitish scales (in the type and in one other specimen), or at least for more than the apical half (as inthe third specimen). In margininotata the last three tarsal joints often have a greyish or blackish grey appearance, but in the present species they are all uniformly intensely black. The second character is that the fringe of the wings possesses no admixture of whitish hairs either singly or in short sections, with the exception of a broad section at the tip, comprised between the lower branch of the 2nd longitudinal vein and the upper branch of the 4th vein. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks a short distance before the base of the 3rd vein, at which spot is placed the anterior cross- vein; the fork of the anterior branch of the 2nd vein is distinctly proximad of the fork of the 4th vein. In view of the close affinity of Jlactettarsis and gilvipes to margininotata, although they appear to be perfectly good species, there seems no reason to refrain from establishing the present form as a distinct species. Described from three 2 @ from Simla district, two from Simla, 9-v-0g (type) and 12-v-o09, the third from Phagu (9,000 ft.), II-v-09, all taken by Dr. Annandale. Type and the other specimens in the Indian Museum. Pericoma mixta, mihi, sp. nov. @. Western Himalayas. Long. 2 mm. Of the general appearance of that form of margininotata, which was described as bella. Body with blackish and grey hairs, the former predominating chiefly on the dorsum of the thorax and at the base of the wings. The wings have a dark brown appearance. The 2nd longitu- dinal vein forks some little distance beyond the base of the 3rd vein, aithough still quite near the base of the wing, as the latter vein begins sooner than in most species, its exact origin near the root of the wings being obscured by the pubescence. The fork of the upper branch of the 2nd vein and the fork of the 4th vein are approximately opposite one another. ‘The veins are closely covered with a double row of black or dark brown hairs, with a distinct black hair-spot at the tip of each vein; a few small pale hairs in front of some of these black hair-spots. Some erect short, snow- white hairs towards the bases of the veins, and others on the three branches of the 2nd vein, placed some little distance before their tips ; also to aless extent in short sections on the veins in other parts of the wing. A number of bright yellow hairs, distributed (1) along the veins, apparently thickest along the costa, especially at its base, intermixing with the normal, thick black or dark brown hairs forming the fringe, (2) at the bases of the veins, but disposed in 191 r.] EK. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 307 small sections separate from the snow-white ones in that region of the wing, and (3) on the three branches of the 2nd longitu- dinal vein proximad of the white hairs. To an apparently less ex- tent they also occur on the veins in other parts of the wing. The wing-fringe on the posterior margin is really dark brown, although in some lights it appears light brown or even greyish here and there. The tip of the wing bears a few whitish hairs but of less white colour and to an extent of much less obvious demarcation than in the bella form of margininotata. Legs dark yellowish grey, thickly clothed with stiff bristly hairs; the tibiae, the metatarsi and 2nd joint of tarsi with a narrow circlet of whitish scales at the tips of each. Described from a single @ in good condition from Simla (7,000 ft.), taken by Dr. Annandale, 6-v-og. Type in Indian Museum. Pericoma lacteitarsis, mihi. This form, originally described by me asa variety of my margintnotata, with the suspicion that it might prove distinct, is now, to my thinking, sufficiently established as a good species through the acquisition of several specimens by the Indian Museum. The black hair-spots at the tips of the veins, the relative posi- tions of the forks of the 2nd and 4th longitudinal veins, and the coloration of the tarsi are constant. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks proximad! of the base of the 3rd vein; the anterior branch of the 2nd vein forks before the middle of the wing and a little distad of the fork of the 4th vein. There are no white hair-spots in the fringe of the wing, nor on the absolute margin of the wing (at or very near the tips of the veins) as in typical marginenotata, which character alone is almost sufficient to distinguish the two forms. The whole wing has a more brownish appearance, without the variegated appearance of margininotata, and the absence of the white fringe at the wing-tip will at once identify it from that species. A second good character that I believe separates it from all other Oriental species is that of the whole of the tarsi being milk- white. In the allied species, margininotata, giluipes, proxima and mixta, some portion of the tarsus is always black, often the major portion. A specimen in the Indian Museum, taken by Dr. Annandale at Quilon, Travancore, 9-xi-o8, has the hairs of the body, on the tibiae and metatarsi (except the tip of the latter) darker brown, also the lower branch of the 2nd longitudinal vein runs almost directly to the wing-tip. ‘The blackish hair-spots on the | This is the case in the original type specimen (a ?). In a second specimen the pubescence obscures a vein of the base of the wing. In a specimen mounted for the microscope, the 2nd vein forks distad of the base of the 3rd, and for this reason it is doubtful if it is of this species. 308 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vorrive disc of the wing, on the fork of the anterior branch of the 2nd vein, and on the fork of the 4th vein, are well marked. Pericoma gilvipes mihi. This form also, is certainly a good species, distinct from margininotata, as a questionable variety of which I first described it. ‘The distinguishing character is the absence of white hairs at the wing-tip and of white hair-spots on the margin of the wing, also of isolated small patches of erect white hairs on the veins. Another good character is the distad forking of the 2nd longi- tudinal vein in reference to the origin of the 3rd vein, instead of the proximad forking as in margininotata. From its nearest ally, lacteitarsis, it is known by the nearly wholly black metatarsi, and by the distad instead of proximad forking of the 2nd vein, in relation to the origin of the 3rd vein. The anterior branch of the 2nd vein forks a little before the middle of the wing and a little distad of the fork of the 4th vein. Additional specimens in the Indian Museum afford the following data :—Calcutta, 9-ii-10, 17—18-vii-o7, 28-vii-o8, 8— 23-vili-o8, 1—26-ix-08 [all Annandale, some taken ‘“‘ at light’’]; Madhupur, Bengal, 17-x-09 “‘ atlight’’ [Paiva]; Ernakulam, Cochin, Malabar Coast, 4-xi-o8 [Annandale]; Quilon, Travancore, 9-xi-08 [Annandale]. Pericoma proxima, mihi, sp. nov. > @. Ceylon. Long. 14 mm. Body with dark brown hairs, intermixed with grey hairs here and there ; bushy white hair on head above, and black hair below also on palpi. Abdomen with black hairs. Antennae with black scales on scape ; flagellum like Psychoda bengalensis , the verticillate hairs widely spread out, the hairs whitish. Legs dark, with blackish scales, black bristles and paler stiff hairs; fore metatarsi with apical third bearing white scales, posterior metatarsi with white scales at tips only. Wings with hairs only on the veins, rich, moderately dark chestnut-brown. Very distinct and moderately large black hair- spots at tips of veins, where there are also some small white scaly hair-spots. Isolated groups of a few white scaly hairs placed apparently irregularly on the veins. A distinct are of white scaly hairs on the wing-fringe between the lower branch of the 4th longitudinal vein, and the 5th vein, but the wing-tip itself has distinctly rich brown hairs and no trace of white hairs. ‘The wing-fringe brownish grey. A distinct spot of black bristly erect hairs at the fork of the anterior branch of the 2nd longitudinal vein, and another at the fork of the 4th vein, both spots with a few white hairs beyond them. Anterior branch of 2nd vein forking approximately opposite the fork of the 4th vein, distinctly but not greatly before the IQII.] E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 309 middle of the wing. ‘The pubescence hides the base of the wing sufficiently for it not to be clearly seen whether the 2nd longitudi- nal vein forks before or after the origin of the 3rd. The example appears to be a o ; the genitalia are covered with bristly bright yellow hair. Described from a single specimen in good condition in the Indian Museum collection, taken at Peradeniya, Ceylon, viii-1gIo, by Mr. Green. Pericoma impunctata, mihi, sp. nov. Sex ? South India. Long. 15 mm. Body thickly clothed with long, very dark brown bristly hair ; the surface of the body itself also dark brown. Antennae brownish yellow. Legs with dark brown bristly hair ; tarsi light brown but without traces of any pale scales at tips of joints. Wings thickly clothed on all the veins with a double row of dark brown bristly hairs, denser and more bristly along the costa and at the base of the wing. In certain lights the fringe of the wing and some of the stiff hairs on the basal part appear greyish, but the true colour of practically every part of the insect is dark brown. Described from one specimen (sex uncertain) from Tenmalai (west side of Western Ghats), Travancore, South India, 22-xi-08, captured by Dr. Annandale. Type in Indian Museum. N.B.—The 2nd longitudinal vein apparently forks beyond the base of the 3rd vein but the root of the wing is too closely covered with hairs to speak with certainty. Pericoma unicolor, mihi, sp. nov. Sex? Darjiling district. Long. nearly Lj mm. This species is wholly brown in colour, only the tarsi being rather lighter. The antennae (partly broken) have flask-shaped flagellar joints. The wings are very large, and bear almost wholly dark brown hairs which appear rich golden brown in certain lights and show a violet tinge when viewed from different directions. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks immediately proximad of the base of the 3rd vein, the anterior branch of the 2nd forking again near the middle of the wing, much distad of the fork of the 4th which occurs towards the base, only shortly after the almost invisible posterior cross-vein, which latter is situated in a line with the basal section of the 3rd vein. The hairs at the tips of some of the veins are blacker but do not form distinct spots. Described from a single specimen (sex uncertain) in the Indian Museum, from Kurseong, taken by Mr. D’Abreu in November, IgIo. N.B.--Although the actual difference in length between this species and impunctata is so little, the present form has a much 310 Kecords of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, larger appearance owing to the considerable enlargement of the wings, which in zmpunctata are smaller than usual. BRUNETTIA, Annand., and PARABRUNETTIA, gen. nov. The characters of Brunettia (as defined by its author) which appear to me to be most strikingly generic are the closely scaled wings and the presence of frominent S-shaped chaetae on the flagellar joints. To these may be added the lesser ones of broader wings than in the other genera in this family, but this character is almost certain to be a somewhat variable one. The original species was superstes, Annandale, which was at first placed by its author in Diplonema, Lw. (an extinct genus), and afterwards removed to the present genus, which was established by Dr. Annandale for its reception; and to this new genus he added a second species from South India, travancorica. As superstes was placed first (of the two species) in the new genus, it must be regarded as the generic type, as indeed, was intended and expressed by its author. Moreover, as superstes has a venation identical with that of Pericoma,! that type of venation must stand good in all species of Brunettia. B. travancorica, Annand. (which was afterwards recognised as synonymous with my Psychoda atrisquamis), has, however, Psychoda-like venation, and therefore this species cannot remain in Brunettia, for it would be illogical to allow the two types of wing in a single genus, when Psychoda and Pericoma themselves are mainly differentiated by this difference in the venation. It therefore appears that the genus Dr. Annandale has flatter- ingly named after me, still contains but the original species superstes, the consequence being that a new genus must be formed for all those other species of the present group that possess Psychoda-like venation. This new genus it is proposed to call Parabrunettia, and it differs from Brunettia primarily in the different venation. Its other characters may be regarded as— (2) the presence of closely placed dark imbricating scales on at least some considerable portion of the wings, on both their upper and lower surfaces, or on the under side alone?; (3) the surface of the wing generally rather thickly covered to some considerable extent with more or less longitudinally placed hairs’; (4) chaetae present on the flagellar joints (possibly not on all of them, irrespective of the apical joint, which, even in B. superstes, is devoid of them). They are not so large nor so conspicuous in any | That is to say, the 3rd longitudinal vein ends a little below the wing tip, instead of at the tip. : 2 Any species (if discovered), with scales on the upper side of the wing only, would logically fall in the new genus. : 8 These are absent in two species provisionally placed here, but this may be better regarded perhaps as a subgeneric character. as species both with and without hairs on the surface of the wings occur equally in Psychoda and Pericoma. IQII.]| E. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. SLE of the species as they are in swperstes, and appear to vary a good deal in size, according to the species.! In many species there is a rather noticeable patch of smooth depressed silky long hairs extended posteriorly from the alulae, and which may probably figure as a secondary character of the new genus. Both Brunettia and Parabrunettia belong distinctly to the Psychodinae subfamily of Psychodidae, the 7th longitudinal vein being conspicuously present, and the 2nd longitudinal vein forking quite near the base of the wing. PARABRUNETTIA, mihi, gen. nov. To this new genus must be admitted the three species placed by me in Psychoda but divided off from the others by the presence of large scale-covered areas in the wings: squanupennis, atrisqua- mts and argenteopunctata. Brunettia travancorica, Annand., has been shown to be synonymous with my airisquamis. To these three species are now added four new ones, albohumeralis, 9-notata, flavicollis and longichaeta. Owing to the denseness of the vestiture of the wings (the basal hairs, the surface hairs and the opacity of the scales), it has been impossible to note the exact position of the forking of the 2nd longitudinal vein in some of the species, but in all those in which it has been noted, it occurs distad of the origin of the 3rd longitudinal vein. PARABRUNETTIA. Table of spectes. A Hairs thickly present on swv/ace of wing. B Upper surface of wing as well as lower surface covered to a considerable extent with small dark imbricating scales. C No white spots on wing-border. (The 2nd longitudinal vein forks distad of origin of 3rd vein.) .. squamipennts, Brun. CC White spots on wing-border .. atrisquamis, Brun. BB Upper surface of wing without any con- siderable area covered with scales (a few may be present at the base of the wing). D Under surface of wing wholly covered with dark scales. 1 Similar chaetae but much smaller, have been detected by Dr. Annandale in Pevicoma margininotata and Psychoda ‘distincta, so they cannot be considered of generic importance. 312 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV E A _ silvery white scale-spot below shoulder ny, ate .. albohumeralis, sp.nov. EE Such silvery white spot absent .. argenteopunctata , Brun. DD Under surface of wings with scales covering at most the basal half. (The 2nd longitudinal vein forks apparently distad of the base of the ard vein.) ih “ . g-notata, sp. nov. AA Hairs wholly absent from the surface of the wing. (The 2nd longitudinal vein forks distad of the origin of the 3rd vein.) F eee flavicollis, sp. nov. FF Bene longichaeta, sp. nov. Parabrunettia atrisquamis, mihi. Psychoda id., mihi. Brunettia travancorica, Annand. The brown or blackish short and moderately short scales on the upper surface of the wing are thickly present on the upper as well as the lower surface, but on the basal half only. They appear silky black when viewed in some directions and dull greyish white viewed from other directions. On the lower surface these dark scales cover the whole area. The very small white hair-spots at the tips of the veins are placed on the absolute edge of the wing, almost in the adjacent fringe. Some specimens taken by Mr. E. E. Green at Peradeniya, Ceylon, afford the data 18-vii, 14-vii1 and October (all 1910). N.B.—A specimen in the Indian Museum, unfortunately in too bad condition to describe, certainly represents an undescribed species allied to atrisquamis, from which it differs by the scales on the under surface of the wings covering the basal half only. No obvious patch of silky hairs on the alulae. Traces of small white spots on the extreme border of the wing. Parabrunettia albohumeralis, mihi, sp. nov. @. Ceylon. Long. 14-14 mm. Body covered with dark blackish brown hair, which, at least on the abdomen, appears dark greyish in certain lights. A small but very conspicuous tuft of snow-white scaly hairs at the sides of the thorax, nearly below the shoulders, a little in front of the base of the wing. Antennae with general appearance of those of Psychoda bengalensis. egs with brown hairs and scales, which are darker on the tarsi. Tips of tibiae and of metatarsi with white scales. IgII.| E. Brunetri1: New Oriental Nemocera. 313 Wings with surface closely covered with dark brown hairs ; the upper surface without any covering of scales except a very few at the base and the small ones forming the white spots. Under side of wing closely covered with dark brown imbricating small scales, extending almost to the margin. Conspicuous though small spots, composed of elongate snow-white scales, appear to be placed normally at the tips of nearly all the veins, but in the three examples present there is a little variability in their exact position. In the type they occur as follows: at a little distance before tip of Ist longitudinal vein; shortly before the Ist ending of the 2nd vein; at tips of the other two endings; at tips of 3rd vein, both branches of 4th, the 5th and 7th. A single white hair still remaining shows another spot to be present on the 7th vein some little distance before its tip. Tip of 6th vein without a spot. In one example there is a white spot behind the tip of the 6th vein, in another specimen the spot is at the vein tip. Venation Psychoda-like. Described from three specimens, females, from Peradeniya, taken by Mr. E. E. Green, ix- and x-1910. Type in Indian Museum. N.B.—The white shoulder-spots immediately distinguish this from all other species. Parabrunettia g-notata, mihi, sp. nov. 9. Orissa Coast. Long. 14 mm. Body covered with rich dark brown bristly hair on thorax, blackish brown on abdomen, with a few white hairs at the abdo- men tip. Antennal scape with dark elongate scales; flagellum with pear-shaped joints and brown verticillate hairs, which appear greyish when viewed in certain directions. Distinct long, curved chaetae present. Legs blackish ; femora with a considerable number of greyish, elongate, depressed scales ; tibiae and metatarsi with whitish grey scales at tips; a few scales of a similar nature are also present at the tips of the tarsi. Wings with the whole surface as well as the veins covered with blackish hair, which is much thicker and denser on the costa, where it is distinctly prominent and its colour distinctly black. Around the remainder of the border of the wing it is dark brown. A very conspicuous spot at the extreme edge of the wing- border, at the tips of every vein, composed of small white scale- like hairs. A number of white erect hairs on most of the veins in the basal half of the wing Anterior branch of 2nd longitudinal vein forks opposite the fork of the 4th vein. The pubescence pre- vents a clear view of the base of the wings, but apparently the 2nd longitudinal vein forks distad of the base of the 3rd vein. Venation Psychoda-like. 314 Records of the Indian Museum. PVon. ive Described from one @ from Puri, Orissa, east coast of India, 12-xi-Io, taken by Dr. Annandale on a window pane; the speci- men is now in the Indian Museum. N.B.—The conspicuous, curved chaetae on the flagellum suggest that this species belongs here, and the hairy surface of the wing is a second character of the genus. However, the wing is des- titute of scales, except the small ones forming the spots, and the species is placed here provisionally, pending the satisfactory elucidation of this group of forms. Parabrunettia flavicollis, mihi, sp. nov. a7. Ceylon. Long. about 14 mm. Vertex with bushy yellow bristly hair; frons and face with black bristly hair. Antennae with flask-shaped flagellar joints, long necked, the brown verticillate hairs widely spread: long S-shaped chaetae distinctly present: scapal joints with scales. Thorax with rather bright yellowish hair, with some grey hair intermixed. Abdomen with moderately dark brown hair. Genital organs with close long bristly hair, apparently normal in !orm. Legs covered with dark browm scales; some yellowish white bristly hairs on tibiae, longest on hind pair, which latter are thickened at their tips and bear a circlet there of yellowish grey scales. Tips of anterior tibiae and tips of all the metatarsi with natrow circlets of yellowish white scales. Wings with the 2nd longitudinal vein forking considerably distad of the base of the 3rd. Anterior branch of 2nd vein forking distinctly before the middle of the wing and a little beyond the fork of the 4th vein. Hairs placed only on the veins, not on the surface of the wings. A black hair-spot at tips of the veins and a few stiff yellowish grey hairs at or just before the tips of the veins. A black bristly hair-spot at fork of anterior branch of 2nd longi- tudinal vein. Venation Psychoda-like. Described from a single ~ in the Indian Museum collection from Peradeniya, Ceylon, taken August, 1910. Parabrunettia longichaeta, mihi, sp. nov. ¢. South India. Long. 14 mm. Thorax with dark ground colour and yellowish bristly hair. Abdomen with dark ground colour with light brownish grey hair. Hair on head brown Palpi dark brown. Antennae generally as in Psychoda bengalensts; the verticils of hair widely spread out, light brown: the chaetae very long and conspicuous, although pale, S-shaped. Legs light brown, with concolorous scales and bristles, also whitish scales on knees and on base of tibiae, on tips of tibiae and of metatarsi, and very minute yellowish white scales on the tips of the remaining joints. Femora and tibiae with short stiff black hairs here and there. Ig1I.] EK. BRUNETTI: New Oriental Nemocera. 315 Genitalia large and distinct, very pubescent. Wings (rather rubbed) with hairs on surface only; light brown or greyish, with small patches of light erect hairs irregularly dis- posed. The 2nd longitudinal vein forks distinctly distad of the base of the 3rd vein; the anterior branch forking a little beyond the fork of the 4th vein, both very near the middle of the wing. Venation Psychoda-like. Described from a single * in the Indian Museum, taken by Dr. Annandale at Maddathorai, Travancore State, South India, 17-x1-08. N.B.—Reterred doubtfully and provisionally to the present genus. There being no hairs on the surface of the wings and no scales, it is questionable whether a new genus should not be erected for it. The species, however, is quite a good one. BLEPHAROCERIDAE. Apistomyia trilineata, mihi, sp. nov. @. Darjiling district. Long. 4 mm. Head.—Eyes closely, microscopically pubescent, upper facets very distinctly larger than lower ones, divided by a distinct natrow space, the upper ones being about one-fourth the total height of the eyes. Frons one-third the width of the head, bare, the eye-orbits narrowly silvery ; ocellar triangle distinct, elevated the three ocelli conspicuous, reddish brown. Face whitish grey, with silvery reflections. Antennae black, bare; Ist scapal joint much broader at tip than at base, 2nd joint twice as long as the Ist, much broadened at tip, where it is produced on the under side into an elongate blunt point. Flagellum of 8 joints, the Ist barely half as long as the 2nd scapal joint, the following joints of thickened bead shape, the apical joint ovate. The proboscis consists of a long elongo-conical rostrum, moderately stout at the base, whitish in colour, with blackish dorsum, thence produced into a tapering, very sharply pointed brownish yellow horny piece quite separate from the proboscis proper, which is very long, black, narrowly cylindrical, genicu- lated before the middle, beyond which it is bilobed, the ends curled up. Thorax ash-grey, the central part of the dorsum up to beyond the middle occupied by three broad velvet-black stripes almost contiguous, extending laterally almost to the sides; the median stripe produced forwards to the anterior margin, which is wholly black to the shoulders, leaving a narrow grey space in front. Pleurae, scutellum and metanotum blackish. Abdomen velvet-black, the anterior corners of most of the segments a little reddish brown with more or less silvery reflec tions. Belly reddish brown. Genitalia moderately small, oval, blackish, not conspicuous. 316 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vot. IV, rg1t.] Legs.—Coxae wholly and the femora more or less at the base, brownish yellow: remainder of anterior legs blackish; tibiae and tarsi of hind legs brownish yellow, extreme tips of joints black. Anterior femora distinctly clubbed at the tips, the hind femora moderately thickened towards tips. The hind femora and tibiae are each twice as long as the anterior ones, and the hind tarsi are fully as long as the hind tibiae. Wings absolutely clear, costa very narrowly black; a small brownish infuscation at extreme tip of wing. Venation normal, agreeing with Kellogg’s figure.| Halteres black, stems yellowish. Described {from a single specimen in the Indian Museum taken by Dr. Annandale at Kurseong (5,000 ft.), 4-ix-09. Blepharocera indica, mihi, sp. nov. @” 9. ° Western Himalayas. Long. 4—5 mm. Head.—Frons narrow,” dark grey or blackish; ocelli large and conspicuous. -Face whitish. Proboscis brownish yellow, blackish at the base on upper side ; elongate, pointed, about as long as the height of the head. Palpi elongate, four joints of about equal length, pale brownish yellow, with some stiff black hairs. Thorax.—Dorsum blackish. Sides, scutellum and metanotum brownish yellow. A very small yellowish mark behind each shoulder, Abdomen blackish; the base of each segment very narrowly yellowish white. Genitalia inconspicuous. Legs brownish or brownish yellow: the hind femora slightly thickened towards the tips, about one-and-a-half times as long as the anterior femora. Wings very pale yellowish grey ; unmarked; venation nor- mal. Halteres: stem yellowish, club black. Described from two 7 @ anda single 2 in the Indian Mu- seum from Phagu (9,000 ft.), Simla district, 12—15-v-09, taken by Dr. Annandale. N.B.—Both sexes are presumed to be present from the appearance of the abdomens, which in the two examples I consi- der males is blunted, with an exceedingly small projecting piece ; and in the supposed female is widened before the tip, with a short pointed ovipositor-like termination. 1 Plate ii, fig. 20, in Gen. Ins., Fasc. 56. 2 The headin each of the examples is either damaged or shrunken in drying, so that the proportionate width of the frons is not easily gauged. It is appar- ently quite narrow. MISCELLANEA. SYNONYMY IN CORETHRINAE.—Many recent authors have followed Theobald (Gen. Ins., Fasc. 26) (1905) in referring to Sayomyia, Coq., most of the species till recently incorporated under Corethra, Mg., but the American author’s genus must give way, on his own admission,! to Chaoborus, Lichtenstein, estab- lished as long ago as 1800; so that a few synonymical notes may be useful. Corethra, Mg. (1803), was originally erected (Illig. Mag., i, 260) for the Tipula culiciformis of De Geer (1776); and for many years it contained only that species, with pallida, F. (1781), and plumicornis, F. (1794). It was not until 1823 that another species was added ,—punctipennis, Say., followed by flavicans, Mg., in 1830 and others of more recent date. Mochlonyx, Loew (1844), was formed for Corethra velutina, Ruthe, and to this genus has been added effoetus, Wlk., and actually culiciformis, De Geer (!), the very type species of Corethra; even Prof. Kertesz, in his catalogue of the world’s diptera (vol. 1, 1902), making the same error. Theobald (Gen. Ins.) admitted Corethrinae as a subfamily of Culicidae and correctly replaced culiciformis in Corethra, with velutina (effoetus, Wik., being added as synonymous with this) ” and a third, recently described species, cincttpes, Coq. Therefore, unless velutina can be generically separated from culicifornis (and I have no means of forming an opinion on this), Mochlonyx must sink in favour of Corethra, Mg. Schiner (Fauna Austr., ii, 624) placed velutina and effoetus (the latter not described, not being Austrian) in Mochlonyx ; and placed culiciforymis (also undescribed for the same reason), with the names of five other undescribed non-Austrian species, after his description of the three Austrian species (pallida, plumicornis and fusca) of Corethra. It is quite possible that he may not have seen all these species, and therefore his generic separation of velutina and culict- formis may not have represented an individual opinion. Chaoborus, Lichtenstein, was erected for ‘‘ antisepticus sp. nov.,’’ which proved synonymous with crystallina, De Geer, this latter, queried by Theobald (Gen. Ins.) as synonymous with plum- cornis, F., being definitely given by Kertesz as identical with it. 1 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, p. 603 (1910). 2 As Mr. Theobald has presumably examined the type of Walker’s species, some Importance attaches to this opinion. 318 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOE EVs Now p/lumicornts, F., pallida, F., and punctipennis, Say. (a North American species), with others, are retained by Kertesz under Corethra. This-is obviously wrong, since Loew’s principle in establishing Mochlonyx was a sound one, ?.e., ‘‘ metatarsus several times shorter than the next tarsal joint,’’ as contrasted with those species in which the metatarsus is longer than the 2nd tarsal joint.! The separation of these groups is justified : Loew lost his genus through unfortunately giving the name Mochlonyx to that group of species containing the type species of Corethra, Mg. Of course, in the days in which he wrote it was sometimes not easy to distinguish which species was intended by an author as the type of his genus* and this may have authorised him to split off any group, or particular species at will. Corethra, Mg., must therefore always stand for culiciformis, with its congeners. Coquillett in 1903 erected Sayomyia for ‘‘ Corethra puncti- pennis’’ Say., which he admitted as congeneric with plumicornis, F. (the latter species possessing crystallina, De G., and others as synonyms), both of which species have now to be placed in Chaoborus. The synonymy of the species immediately concerned wili stand thus :— Corethrinae (Subfamily of Culicidae.) CoRETHRA, Mg., 1803. (Mochlonyx, Loew, 1844.) 1. culiciformis, De Geer (Tipula id.). TYPE of genus. 2. velutina, Ruthe (Mochlonyx id., Loew ; TYPE of Mochlonyx) (effoctus W1k.). 3. cinctipes, Coq. CHAOBORUS, Lichtenstein, 1800. (Savomyia, Coq., 1903.) 1. plumicornis, F. (Ttpula id.). Type of genus. 2. punctipennis, Say. (TYPE of Sayomyta). 3. All other species referred to Sayomyza since Theobald’s ac- ceptance of the genus, but previously placed in Corethra. The three other genera recorded by Theobald appear to me built on very weak characters and I should prefer to regard them as subgenera of Chaoborus only. Each contains but one species. They are Pelorempis (Joh.) americana, Joh., Corethrella (Coq.) brakeleyt, Coq., and Eucorethra (Underwood) underwoodi, Underw. E. BRUNETTI. 1 Theobald (Gen. Ins.) is distinctly wrong in terming the joint following the metatarsus as the first, since the metataysus itself is the ist taysal joint, the suc- ceeding joint being the second. 2 T have seen it stated somewhere that Meigen placed what he considered all the most typical species in the middle of the genus, and those tending to aberration at one end or the other of it. 1911. | Miscellanea. 319 FuRTHER Notes on INDIAN Philebotomt.—The recent acquisi- tion of a number of specimens of Phlebotomus from different parts of India and especially from Ceylon enables me to amplify the notes published in these ‘‘ Records’’ last year (vol. iv, No. ii, pp- 35——52), andI have been helped greatly to gain a true apprecia- tion of certain characters by frequent discussions with Mr. E. Brunetti. Hitherto I have laid great stress on the relative lengths of the different parts of the second longitudinal vein as a specific charac- ter, but these lengths are evidently more variable than I thought. They would provide a method of separating a species such as P. himalayensis from one such as P. argentipes ata glance, but in the latter the length of the upper branch of the vein, and conse- quently that of the other parts also, varies within fairly wide limits. I have had, therefore, to recognize that the form recently described by me as P. marginatus is not a ‘‘ good’’ species but merely a colour variety of P. argentipes. Regarding the sanitary importance of Phlebotomus attention may be directed to a paper just published by Major F. Wall, I.M.S.! The facts cited suggest (1) that troops moved into certain barracks in Chitral become infected with a fever akin to or identical with what is called Papatacifieber in Austria, these barracks being frequented by P. papatasi and P. babu, and (2) that men from districts in which these two species occur are less liable to suffer from this fever (having perhaps become to some extent immune) than those from districts in which the common species are P. major and P. limalayensis. Phlebotomus argentipes, Annandale and Brunetti. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, p. 44, pl. iv, fig. 3, pl. vi, fig. 6; Spolia Zey- lanica, vii, p. 59. I have recently examined a good many specimens from Pera- deniya, which is situated in the interior of Ceylon at an altitude of about 1,500 feet. The species occurs all over the plains of India except in the extreme north-west. Apparently it does not occur in the Himalayas. Var. marginatus, Annandale. P. marginatus, Spolia Zeylanica, vii, p. 62, fig. 7. This form cannot be regarded as morethan a colour variety, distinguished from the typical form of P. argentipes by the fact that the dorsum of the thorax is brown instead of black and the sides of the thorax rather darker than in the typical form. The var. marginatus occurs in Calcutta as well as at Pera- deniya and is apparently not a seasonal form. 1 Ind. Med. Gazette, xlvi, p. 41 (TOIT). 320 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou IV, tort.] Phlebotomus major, Annandale. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, p. 46, pl. v, fig. 4, pl. vi, fig. 4. Specimens appear to be invariably larger than those of P. argentipes, from which both the typical form and the variety here described may be distinguished by the fact that the dorsum of the thorax is never black or brown. Var. grisea, nov. Distinguished from the typical form by the general greyish or brownish (instead of golden) colour. I took several specimens in a house at Kurseong in the Dar- jiling district (alt. 4,700 feet) in June, rg10, and also saw the variety in the same house in April, 1911. The two varieties are easily distinguished by the naked eye. Phlebotomus babu, Annandale. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, p. 49, pl. iv, fig. 1, pl. vi, figs. 3, 3a; Spolia Zeylanica, p. OI. As I have pointed out in a recent paper, this species is prob- ably identical with ‘‘ Hebotomus’’ minutus, Rondani, but it is impossible to state that it is synonymous without a comparison of specimens. Ihave recently obtained specimens of P. babu from Peradeniya in Ceylon and from Drosh in Chitral in the Hindu- Kush Mountains (4,700 ft.). The species is probably distributed all over the plains of India and ascends the Western Ghats to an altitude of at least 2,000 feet, but is not known from the Hima- layas. Var. miger, nov. Darker than the typical form and as a rule larger. This form was at first regarded as a distinct species and is marked as probably being so in Mr. F. M. Howlett’s collection. I cannot, however, distinguish any constant difference in its vena- tion or genitalia. As yet the variety has only been taken in Bihar. I have not seen it in Calcutta. Phlebotomus papatast (Scopoli). Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, p. 51, pl. iv, fig. 4, pl. vi, fig. 2. I have recently received specimens from Drosh, Chitral (Major F. Wall, I.M.S.), and from Quetta, Baluchistan (Lt.-Col. Wimber- ley, I.M.S.). The species appears to be common, together with P. babu, all over the north-west of India, ranging as far east as Pusa in Bihar. N. ANNANDALE. Part V.—Revision of the Oriental Leptide.¥% Revised and annotated Catalogue of Oriental Bombylide, with descriptions of new species. Vol. III, 1909. Part I.—The Races of Indian Rats. Part II.—Notes on Freshwater Sponges, X. Report on a collection of aquatic animals made in Tibet by Capt. F. H. Stewatt in 1907, IJ. Note on some amphibious Cockroaches. Description de quelques nouvelles Cécidomyies des Indes. Description of new land and marine shells from Ceylon and S. India. Description of two new species of Cavanx from the Bay of Bengal. Remarks on some little known Indian Ophidia. Remarks on some forms of Dipsadomorphus. A pelagic Sea-Anemone without tentacles. Rhynchota Malayana, II. Part III.—Notes on the Neuroptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. New Indian Leptide and Bombylide, with a note on Comastes, Os. Sac., v. Hetero- stylum, Macq. Notes on the Trichoptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. Diagnoses of new species and varieties of Freshwater Crabs, 1—3. Report on a small collection of Lizards from Travancore. Descriptions of three new Cicinde- line from Borneo. The relation between fertility and normality in Rats. Des- cription of a Barnacle of the genus Scalpellum from-Malaysia. The Hemipterous family Polyctenide. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, XI. Descriptions of two new shells from S. India. Preliminary note on a new genus of Phylactolezematous Polyzoa. Miscellanea, Part IV.—Description of a minute Hymenopterous insect from Calcutta. The Insect Fauna of Tirhut, No. 1. Descriptions of new species of Botia and Nemachilus. New Oriental Sepsinz. A new species of /vedericella from Indian lakes. Diagnoses of new species and varieties of freshwater crabs, No. 4. On some new or little known Mygalomorph spiders from the Oriental region and Australasia. Vol. IV, 1910-1911. No. I.—Second report on the collection of Culicide in the Indian Museum, with des- criptions of new genera and species. Nos. II and III.—The Indian species of Papataci Fly (Philebotomus). Taxonomic values in Culicide. No. IV.—Revision of the Oriental blood-sucking Muscide (Stomoxine, Philema- tomyta, Aust., and Pristivhynchomyia, gen. nov.). No. V.—A new arrangement of the Indian Anopheline. No. VI.—A revision of the species of Tabanus from the Oriental Region, including notes on species from surrounding countries. Vol. V, 1910. Part I.—The Hydroids of the Indian Museum, I. Notes on Freshwater Sponges, XII. Descriptions of new Shells in the collection of the Indian Museum from Burma, Siam and the Bay of Bengal. Materials for a revision of the Phylactolamatous Polyzoa of India. Studies on the aquatic Oligocheta of the Punjab. An undes- cribed Burmese Frog allied to Rana tigrina. Miscellanea. Part I7,—Description d’Ophiures nouvelles provenant des derniéres campagnes de ‘‘V Investigator ’’ dans l’Océan Indien. Description d’Holothuries nouvelles appartenant au Musée Indien. ‘The races of Indian rats, II. Description of a new species of Sca/pellum from the Andaman sea. Descriptions of five new species of marine shells from the Bay of Bengal. Notes on fish from India and Persia, with descriptions of new species. Part III.—A new genus of Psychodid Diptera from the Himalayas and Travancore. The Indian barnacles of the subgenus Smiliuwm, with remarks on the classification of the genus Scalpellum. On a sub-species of Scutigerella unguiculata, Hansen, found in Calcutta. The distribution of the Oriental Scolopendride. Notes on Decapoda in the Indian Museum, I. Description of a new species of Nemach*lus from Northern India. Notes on the larve of Toxorhynchites immisericors, Wk Description of a South Indian frog allied to Rana corrugata of Ceylon. Contri- butions to the fauna of Yunnan, Introduction and Part I. Miscellanea. Part IV.—Notes and descriptions of Indian Microlepidoptera. On some aquatic oligochaete worms commensal in Spongilla cartert. On Bothrioneurum tris, Beddard. Notes on nudibranchs from the Indian Museum. On the classification of the Potamonidae (Telphusidae). Catalogue of the pheasants, peafowl, jungle fowl and spur fowl in the Indian Museum, On certain species of Palaemon from South India. Alluaudella himalayensis, a new species of degenerate (¢") cockroach, with an account of the venation found in the genera Cardax and ; Alluaudella. Rhynchota Malayana, III. Voie Vion: Part I.—Note on a Rhizocephalous Crustacean from fresh water and on some speci- Pavt II.—Some Sponges associated with gregarious Molluscs of the family Vermetidae. . No. mens of the order from Indian seas. Notes on Decapoda in the Indian Museum, TI. Contributions to the fauna of Yunnan, Parts. II to V. Notes on Pedipalpi in the collection of the Indian Museum, I and II. Descriptiors of six new species of shells from Bengal and Madras. Miscellanea. Report on a collection of aquatic animals made in Tibet by Captain F. H. Stewart in 1907, III. Notes on Cyprinidae from Tibet and the Chumbi Valley, with a des- cription of a new species of Gymnocypris. Preliminary descriptions of new species and varieties of Crustacea Stomatopoda in the Indian Museum. Notes on the development of some Indian Ascalaphidae and Myrmeleonidae. Miscellanea. MEMOIRS of the INDIAN MUSEUM Vol. I. . I.—An account of the Rats of Calcutta. By W.C. Hossack. Rs. 5-8. . 2.—An account of the Internal Anatomy of Bathynomus giganteus. By R. E. TOM anG we . 3 A and B.—The Oligocheta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands, with an account of the anatomy of certain aquatic forms. By W. MICHAELSEN and J. STEPHENSON. Rs. 4-8. . 4.—Investigatoy sicarius, a Gephyrean Worm hitherto undescribed, the type of a new order. By F. H. STEWART. Rs. 2. Vol. IT. . 1.—Report on the Fishes taken by the Bengal Fisheries Steamer ‘‘ Golden Crown.’’ Part I.—Batoidei. By N. ANNANDALE. Rs. 2. . 2,.An account of the Indian Cirripedia Pedunculata. Part I.—Family Lepadide (sensu stricto). By N. ANNANDALE. Rs. 2._ . 3.—A description of the deep-sea fish caught by the R.I.M.S. Ship ‘‘ Investi- ? gator ’’ since the year 1900, with supposed evidence of mutation in Malthopsis, and Illustrations of the Zoology of the R.I.M.S. Ship ‘‘ Investigator,’’ Fishes, Plates XLIV—L, 1909. By R. E.Ltovp. Rs. 4-8. ; 4.—Etude sur les Chironomides des Indes Orientales, avec description de quelqyes nouvelles espéces d’Egypte. Par J.J. KIEFFER. Rs. 2. Vol. III. . I.—Report on the Fishes taken by the Bengal Fisheries Steamer ‘‘ Golden Crown.’’ Part II.—Additional notes on the Batoidel. By N. ANNANDALE. Part III.—Plectognathi and Pediculati. By N. ANNANDALE and J. T. JENKINS. Part I1V.—Pleuronectidae. By J. T. JENKINS. Rs. 3. 2.—Studies in post-larval development and minute anatomy in the genera Scalpellum and Ibla. By F. H. STEWART. Rs. 4. Other Publications edited and sold by the Superintendent of the Indian Museum (also obtainable from Messrs. lriedlander & Sohn) issued by the Director of the Royal Indian Marine. . Illustrations of the Zoology of the R.I.M.S. ‘‘ Investigator ’’ 1892. Fishes, Plates I to VII. Crustacea, Plates I to V, 1894. Fishes, Plates VII to XIII. Crustacea, Plates VI to VIII. Ech- inoderma, Plates I to III, 1895. Echinoderma, Plates IV and V. Fishes, Plates XIV to XVI. Crustacea, Plates IX to XV, 1896. Crustacea, Plates XVI to XXVII, 1897. Fishes, Plate XVII. Crustacea, Plates XXVIII to XXXII. Mollusca, Plates I to VI, 1898. Fishes, Plates XVIII to XXIV. Crustacea, Plates XXXIII to XXXV. Mollusca, Plates VII and VIII, 1899. Fishes, Plates XXV and XXVI. Crustacea, Plates XXXVI to XLV, 1900. Fishes, Plates XXVII to XXXV. Crustacea, Plates XLVI to XLVIII. Index, Part I, 1901. Crustacea, Plates XLIX to LV. Mollusca, Plates IX to XIII, 1902. Crustacea, Plates LVI to LXVII. Crustacea, Plates _LXVIII to LXXVI._ Fishes, Plates XXXVI to XXXVIII, 1905. Crustacea (Malacostraca), Plates LXXVII to LXXIX. Crustacea (Entomostraca), Plates I and II. Mollusca, Plates XIV to XVIII, 1907. Fishes, Plates XXXIX to XLIII. Crustacea (Entomostraca), Plates III to V. Mollusca, Plates XIX and XX, 1908.—Re. 1 per plate. Mollusca, Plates XX1 to XXIII, 1909.— As. 8 per plate. — i : RECORDS of the INDIAN MUSEUM Vol. I, 1907. Part I.—Coutributions to the Fauna of the Arabian Sea. Hemiptera and Hymenop- tera from the Himalayas. Indian Freshwater Entomostraca. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, I—III. A Sporozoon from the heart of a Cow. Miscellanea :—The appendicular skeleton of the Dugong. An egg laid in captivity by a Goshawk. Melanic specimens of Barbus ticto. Two barnacles new to Indian seas. Mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles from Port Canning. Anopheles larvae in brackish water. Mosquitoes from Kumaon. Peculiar habit of an earthworm. Part II.—Revision of the Oriental Stratiomyidae. “An Oligochaete Worm allied to Chaetogaster. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IV. A Polyzoon from the Himalayas. Batrachia, Reptiles and Fish from Nepal and the Western Himalayas. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, V. Oriental Diptera, I and II. Miscellanea :—Gecko verticillatus in Calcutta. The distribution of Kachuga sylhetensis. The distribution of Bufo andevsont. Note on Rutilia nitens. Some Indian Cerambycidae. Some Indian Hemiptera, A preoccupied specific name in Macrothyix. An enemy of certain Pearl Oysters in the Persian Gulf. The distribution in India of the African snail, Achatina fulica. Statoblasts from the surface of a Himalayan pond. Notes on Hislopia lacustris. Pavit III.—Marine Polyzoa in the Indian Museum. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VI. Earwigs (Dermaptera) in the Indian Museum. Oriental Diptera, III. A new snake from Nepal. Marketable fish from Akyab. Freshwater Oligochaete Worms from the Punjab. Phosphorescence in Marine Animals. The rats of Dacca, Eastern Bengal. Freshwater Sponges, I—V. Miscellanea :—The original home of Mus decumanus. Colour change in Hylo- bates hoolock. Eggs of Tylototriton verrucosus. The hosts of Tachaea spongil- licola. A second species of Dichelaspis from Bathynomus giganteus. Part IV.—Nudiclava monocanthi, the type of a new genus of Hydroids parasitic on Fish. Three new Nycteribiidae from India. Annotated Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. Oriental Diptera, IV. Freshwater Sponges, VI, VII. A new Cyprinid Fish of the genus Danio from Upper Burma. Mzscellanea :—A colour variety of Typhlops braminus. Reptiles and a Batrachian from an island in the Chilka Lake, Orissa. Vol. II, 1908-1809. Pavt I.—Retirement of Lieut.-Col. Alcock. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VII. A new Dictyonine Sponge from the Indian Ocean. Freshwater Sponges, VIII. Remarkable cases of variation, I. A new species of Lizard of the genus Salea, from Assam. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VIII. A new Cavernicolous Phasgonurid from Lower Siam. New species of Marine and Freshwater Shells in the Indian Museum. Oriental Syrphidae, I. A new variety of Spongilla loricata. Oriental Diptera, V. Miscellanea :— Remarks on Simotes splendidus. Corrections to No, IV of ‘‘ Notes on Oriental Diptera.’’ The Isopod genus Tachaea. The habits of the Amphipod, Quadrivisio bengalensis. New varieties of Nanina berlangeri and Corbicula fluminalis. Recent. additions to the Entozoa in the Indian Museum. A sub- fossil polyzoon from Calcutta. Corrections as to the identity of Indian Phylac- tolaemata. A peculiar form of Euglena. Part II,—Gordiens du Musée Indien. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IX. A new species of Danio from Lower Burma. Rhynchota Malayana, I. Czmex votundatus, Signoret. Freshwater Sponges, IX. Fruit Bats inhabiting the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelagos. A new species of Sun- Bird obtained near Darjiling. Three Indian Phylactolaemata. Two new species of Eagle-Rays (Myliobatidae). A new species of the genus Sesavma, Say., from the Andaman Islands. New species of Land, Marine, and Freshwater Shells from the Andaman Islands. Payt I[J.—The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, X, XI.- Oriental Solifugae. The difference between the Takin (Budorcas) from the Mishmi Hills and that from Tibet. Caridina nilotica (Roux) and its varieties. A new species of Chavaxes from the Bhutan Frontier. First report on the collection of Witics Awe VESTON. OF . Loe ORLEN TAT, SPE Gino OF THE GENERA IGF FEE Ravin, ve ‘TAB ANI DUA OULEE R a HU ACN TA ee aeine Sy. By GERTRUDE RICARDO. Family TABANIDAE. Subfamily TABANINAE. Hind tibiae with no spurs. Ocelli usually absent. The genera found in the Oriental Region, besides the large genus of Tabanus proper, are: Haematopota, Meigen, small flies with peculiarly marked wings; Udenocera, Ricardo, formed for a species from Ceylon with the long antennae situated on a tubercle ; Diachlorus, Macquart, including chiefly species from S. America distinguished by the simple antennae not situated on a tubercle, by the brown or yellowish markings of the wings and by the curved dilated fore tibiae, and slender build. The one species described from the Philippines is unknown to me. A new genus Neotabanus is now added, allied to Udenocera in having the antennae situated ona tubercle, but the antennae themselves are similar to those of the genus Tabanus. HAEMATOPOTA, Meigen. Illiger’s Magazine, ii, p. 267 (1803); Chrysozona,! Meigen, Nouvelle Classification, 23 (1800) ;. Kertesz, Cat. Dipt., iii, p. 201 (1908). The described species from the Oriental region now amount to 31, including 11 new species described in this paper. The following is a list of all the described species and syno- nyms :— [Notre.—The synonyms are printed in italics. ] HAEMATOPOTA annandalei, n. sp. assamensis, ll. sp. astatica, Rondani = javana, Wied. atomaria, Walker. bilineata, n. sp. borneana, Rondani. ‘L For reasons against the adoption of this name see Verrall ‘* British Files,’’ Vv, p. 772 (1909) Austen, African Blood-Sucking Files, p. 121 (1909). Se) iS) N Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV brevis, Ricardo. cana, Walker. cilipes, Bigot. cingalensis, Ricardo. cingulata, Wiedemann. cordigera, Bigot (nomen bis lectum) = fusci- frons, Austen. dissimilis, n. sp. fasciata, n. sp, fuscifrons, Austen. immaculata, n. sp. inconspicua, n. sp. irrorata, Macquart. javana, Wiedemann. lata, Ricardo. latifascia, n. sp. limbata, Bigot. lunulata, Macquart. marginata, n. sp. nigra, Wiedemann ? = javana, Wied. pachycera, Bigot. punctifera, Bigot. roralis, Fabricius. rubida, Ricardo. sinensis, n. sp. singularis, Ricardo. tessellata, Ricardo. unizonata, Ricardo. validicornis, n. sp. The small flies of this genus are easily recognized by the pecu liar marking of the wings, three rosettes more or less distinct, form- ed by pale marks on the darker ground colour are usually present, though in a few species they are absent and only pale streaks are present. The great majority of the species have typical paler rings of colour on the middle and posterior tibiae, occasionally absent, or only present on the middle pair, this character is some- times indistinct owing to denudation. In the grouping of the species I have taken this character as a means of division, after- wards relying chiefly on the shape of antennae (in the females only) and on the form of the apical band of wing. As many more species will probably be discovered from India and other Oriental districts it seems useless as yet to draw up a table of species. Synopsis of the Divisions and Groups of Haematopota. Division I. Legs uniform in colour with no typical rings on the tibiae af =f a3 .. Group” I. Division II. Legs not uniform in colour, but with the base of the fore tibiae at least white or yellowish, no rings on tibiae me Se ie :. Group. TT: IQII.| G. Rrcarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 323 Division III. Legs not uniform in colour, but with typical rings on the middle tibiae only, all tibiae whitish at base Group I/I. Division IV. Legs not uniform in colour, but with typical rings on the middle and posterior tibiae Groups IV, V, VI, VII. Group IV. First joint of antennae abnormally large and stout, and as long as or longer than the third joint. Group V. Third joint of antennae broad and flattened on the first annulation, the last three annulations forming a narrow apex, the first joint incrassate, nearly as long as or longer than the first annulation of third joint. Group VI. Third joint of antennae not very broad at base, the first joint short, often only half as long as or at least always shorter than the third joint which is usually long and slender. Group VII. Antennae long and slender, the first joint as long as the second and third together. DIVISION I. Group I. Legs uniform in colour, with no rings on the tibiae or pale bases to fore tibiae. Haematopota roralis, Fabr. (Plate xvii, fig. 24.) Syst. Antl., 107, 2 (1805) ; Wied. Dipt. Exot., 97, 1 (1821) ; 2d., Auss. zweifl. Ins., i, 215 (1828); Bigot, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xvi, 78 (1891). Wings with white spots, abdomen brown, with three stripes and spots, white. Habitat—Tranquebar. Related to H. pluvialis. Antennae elongate, yellow. Head ashy grey with two frontal black spots. Thorax dark, with an ashy grey stripe. Abdomen elongated, brown, with three white stripes and spots. Median stripe and spots linear. Wings dark with very numerous white spots and little lines. Legs testaceous. Fabr., Syst. Antl., 107. Brownish grey. Thorax and abdomen with white stripes. Wings with hyaline little spots. @ 4%1. From Tranquebar. The head is gone in the Fabrician type and the abdomen is crushed ; but it is easily distinguished from H. plwtalis, by the legs being unicoloured, blackish ' ochre-brown, not variegated, and by the chestnut brownish costal border and stigma of the wings ; segmentations of the abdomen reddish, but of the under side greyish white. In the Fabrician collection. Wied., Auss. zweifl. Ins., 1, p. 215. In Brit. Mus. coll. a male from Velverry, a female from Hot Wells, Trincomalee, and another female from Pankullam Road, Trincomalee ; Ceylon (Yerbury), 1891. 1 In Dipt. exot, Wiedemann describes the legs as ochre-brown. 324 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV In Indian Museum, males and females from Calcutta; and Goalbathan, E Bengal. In Howlett coll , a series of females from Gorakhpur, United Provinces; and from Belgatchia, Bengal, ‘‘ on cow.” A species distinguished by its testaceous legs with no darker bands, or base of fore tibiae lighter, and by the absence of any spots on the face. The female is long, slender, greyish brown, the abdomen marked with a median grey stripe and with lateral grey spots on each segment. Antennae yellow, long, the first joint nearly as long as the third one which is blackish at apex. Forehead with the usual paired spots, no unpaired spot present. Frontal callus yellow- ish, transverse. Wings viewed from the base usually appear pale in the basal cells and in the basal portions of the discal, first posterior and submarginal cells, elsewhere greyish brown, with three rosettes distinct, the apical band simple, short, a row of short whitish disconnected bands run from it round posterior border of wing. The males are more reddish yellow on the abdomen, the first joint of antennae short, stout. Length of males g—1r mm., of females 8}—1I mm. 9. Face greyish with some short white pubescence, the fovea alone appearing darker. Palpi pale yellow with black pubescence, stout, ending in an obtuse point. Antennae reddish yel- low, the first joint yellowish cylindrical, slightly incrassate, barely as long as the third joint, the second joint very small, yel- low, both the two first joints with black pubescence, the third joint slender reddish, blackish on the annulated apex. Forehead same colour as face or a shade darker, with some white pubes- cence, broad, hardly narrower at vertex, the frontal callus red- dish yellow, shining, reaching the eyes, produced to a short point in the middle of its upper border, a narrow spot proceeds from its lower border to between the antennae, the paired spots blackish, not touching eyes. Thorax blackish brown with three grey stripes and sides grey, the scanty pubescence consists of short greyish yellow hairs: scutellum blackish brown, largely covered with greyish tomentum. Breast greyish. Abdomen blackish brown or brownish, with a distinct ashy grey median stripe, and grey roundish spots on each segment not reaching the anterior or posterior border, these markings are only distinct in well-preserved specimens, the pubescence chiefly consists of very fine short yellowish hairs, under side uniformly greyish. Legs reddish yellow, coxae greyish, base of femora sometimes darker, tibiae not incrassate or hardly so. Wings greyish, paler at base and at base of submarginal, first pos- terior and discal cell, though not always very distinctly so, the stigma and veins yellow, an appendix present on fork of third longitudinal vein, the two upper rosettes distinct, the third small, its outer ring incomplete, continued from above across the anal cell into the axillary lobe of wing, reaching the border, the short pale bands begin from the anal cell and continue round the border TGLE:| G. Ricardo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 325 of wing to the apical band which is small and often inconspicuous, crossing the anterior branch of third longitudinal vein, but not always reaching the second longitudinal vein. @. Similar, but the abdomen is largely reddish yellow, darker at apex. Eyes with the large facets occupying two-thirds of sur- face, coppery coloured, the basal small facets blackish. Face more hairy. Palpi pale whitish yellow. Antennae with the first joint incrassate only about half as long as the third. Frontal triangle with small yellowish callus, the spot between the antennae brown. Hind tibiae fringed with black hairs on each side. Fore tibiae more filiform than in female. Haematopota limbata, Bigot. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xvi, p. 78 (1891) ; 7d., Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 626 (1892) ; Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xviii, p. I15 (1906). Antennae, palpi and proboscis dull fawn coloured ; beard grey; face whitish below, above dark shining chestnut; forehead whitish with two side black spots; the first segment of antennae hardly incrassate; thorax dull reddish; the dorsum with four diffuse blackish stripes, scutellum blackish, sides whitish with hairs of the same colour (or, in the Latin, pleurae ashy grey) ; abdomen brownish (in Latin, chestnut coloured) with a wide dor- sal stripe very regular and greyish white, all the segments narrowly bordered with yellow, with a lateral blackish spot; pleurae and halteres pale fawn coloured ; legs uniformly pale fawn coloured ; wings very pale yellow, the stigma narrow, reddish, and all the veins bordered with a pale reddish colour, some indistinct very pale white markings. India: one specimen, 9,11 mm. Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 626. The author in his first notice of the species in his table for Haematopota in Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xvi, p. 78, describes the antennae as almost entirely yellowish, abdomen chestnut coloured with a wide whitish dorsal stripe ; wings yellowish with pale indis- tinct spots. From the type kindly lent me by Mr. Verrall in 1906 I made the following desctiption, published in the ‘‘ Annals’’ as above :— Type (female) from Bengal, and another female from Khasi Hills. A fair-sized species, easily distinguished by the prominent bluish grey median stripe of abdomen, with large black spots on the upper part of the face. Brown. Face grey ; a large irregular-shaped black spot on each side of antennae, reaching to the eyes. Frontal callus yellow, shining, narrow, concave on the posterior or lower border; the spot between the antennae black. J orehead grey, the paired spots black and distinct, the unpaired spot brown, indistinct. Antennae yellow ; the first joint stout, not so long asthe third joint, with black pubescence ; the second joint very small, with black hairs ; the third joint broad, becoming narrower where the annulations ) 326 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL sive begin, and tapering to a point. Palpi yellow, with dense black pubescence. Thorax blackish brown, lighter coloured at the sides, with faint narrow grey stripes, the breast with hoary markings. Abdomen brown, the posterior borders of the segments narrowly yellowish; some faint black markings on the sides of abdomen; the under side brown, covered with grey tomentum. Legs yellow, with fine black pubescence ; the coxae grey pollinose. Wings grey, with yellow veins and along appendix; most of the veins are faintly shaded with darker colour ; the typical markings are faint : there is one rosette apparent, enclosing the appendix, and another beyond. Length 11} mm. In Indian Museum are two females from Khasi Hills, Assam. One of these islabelled H. limbata, n. sp., Bigot, in his handwriting and no doubt may be considered a para-type. Both agree in. all particulars with the descriptions, the apical band of wing is simple, narrow, but curved on the part crossing the anterior branch of third vein. DIVISION II. Group II. Legs not uniform in colour, with no rings, but with the base of fore tibiae ateleast white or yellowish. (A) Wings with no typical rosettes but with a pale band and streaks. Haematopota cingulata, ? , Wied. Auss. zweifl. Ins., i, p. 216 (1828); Bigot, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xvi, p. 79 (1891); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), XVili, p. I15 (1906). Thorax brown, with a wide yellow stripe ; abdomen blackish with whitish segmentations; wings brown, with base, band, and two curved streaks, hyaline. 9? 44 lines. From Java. Antennae leather-yellow, with the apex of third joint blackish. Palpi blackish. Face blackish brown, faintly greyish white at sides with black dots ; cheeks blackish brown, forehead shining blackish brown, above in certain lights grey with two brown contiguous spots. The yellow stripe of thorax is as broad as the full clear brown sides and is continued on to the scutellum, breast sides full clear brown, breast greyish. Abdomen blackish brown, the first segment with a broad triangular whitish spot which reduces the ground colour at the base to a triangular spot; second segment with a narrower, triangular spot which attains the base and at its own base unites with the white segmentation; the following seg- ments merely with white segmentations; perhaps in perfect un- rubbed specimens these may have white hairs and. triangular spots. Under side the same colour, likewise with white segmenta- tions. Wings at the base as far as the middle cross-veins fairly hyaline, only yellowish between the last two veins and on the costal border ; otherwise blackish brown; the hyaline band lies a IgII. | G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 327 little behind the middle cross-veins, is somewhat oblique, and is narrower towards the fore border where it meets the posterior end of the stigma, on the inner border it is abbreviated, behind it lies the first streak which starting from the fore border, decreasing, curves forward bow shaped and ends in the band; the second streak nearer the apex begins from the fore border close to the apex of the second vein and runs curved forward, so that it gradu- ally approaches the first one and ends on the inmost part of the band: the inner border of the wing is brown much further towards the base than to the middle. Halteres white. Legs blackish brown, base of tibiae white, posterior femora brown at the base, at the apex to far beyond the half, honey yellow. In the Leyden Museum. Wied., Auss. zweifl. Ins., 1, p. 216. The reference given by Kertesz in both of his Catalogues, w7z., Cat. Tabanidarum, 1900, and Cat. Dipt., vol. iti, 1908, to v. d. Wulp, Tijd. v. Entom., xxxiv, p.197, 1891, isincorrect. In Wulp’s Cat. of Oriental Diptera, 1896, there is no such reference against H. cingulata, and I have not been able to find any reference to this species by v. d. Wulp, and it is unknown to me. It should be an easily identified species by means of the wings which apparently have not the usual rosettes, but are allied to those of H. vubida and singularis, Ricardo. fi (B) Wings with the usual rosettes, the apical band double. Haematopota punctifera, Bigot. (Ploxyi fig: 20") Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 629 (1892); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xviii, p. 125 (1906). Antennae incomplete, blackish at base, first joint very short ; face and palpi whitish ; forehead wide, dull black with grey tomen- tum, and a large shining black callus above the antennae; thorax dark chestnut coloured with four greyish white stripes ; scutellum brown, greyish in the middle; abdomen blackish brown, sides of segments, a narrow, interrupted, median stripe, and two spots on each segment, greyish ; squamae grey, halteres brown ; legs brown, tibiae pale yellow, black at apex, tarsi black, anterior tibiae almost wholly black; wings grey, with fine white marking (specimen damaged). The shortness of the first antennal joint makes the exact position of this species doubtful. Length 11 mm.: Java, one specimen. Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, p. 629. The following description was published by me after seeing the type :— The antennae are incomplete; the first joint red, short, and incrassate, the second one red, small. Face grey, with white hairs, no spots, but a dark brown band between the eyes and the antennae. Palf: reddish, with black pubescence. Frontal callus black, shining, reaching the eyes, narrow, curved on the posterior border and produced to a point in 328 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, the centre ; a black spot between the antennae. Forehead (denu- ded) blackish, with grey tomentum and some golden pubescence. Thorax (denuded) brown, with grey stripes and tomentum and some black and grey pubescence ; sides grey, with traces of fulvous and grey pubescence ; scutellum brown, with median grey stripe and greyish pubescence. Abdomen brown, with grey median stripe, grey spots on each side, and grey sides; the greyish pubescence rather dense. Legs reddish brown, the tibiae yellower, the an- terior ones whitish at the base, brown at the apex ; the anterior tarsi brown, the middle and posterior tarsi yellow, darker at the joints and apex ; coxae with rather long white pubescence ; femora with short white pubescence; tibiae and tarsi with some black pubescence. Wangs greyish, with appendix; veins yellowish brown ; stigma brown; a darker spot is visible above the stigma. Length 8 mm. Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xviii, p. 125. (C) Wings with the usual rosettes, the apical band single. Haematopota indiana, 2 , Bigot. (Pl: xvii, figs r9,) Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xvi, 78 (1891); 7zd., Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p: 026 (1892); Ricardo. Ann: Mage Nat.) mist (7) XVili, p. 124 (1906). Antennae double aslong as the-head, first and second joints reddish yellow, the third brown, at the base a little reddish yellow, the first cylindrical, the third not incrassate; palpi chestnut col- oured, proboscis brown; cheeks and face white below ; forehead ashy grey with two black spots, and with a black, shining, anchor- shaped spot below ; thorax chestnut coloured with four ashy grey stripes, scutellum chestnut coloured, pleurae ashy grey; abdomen brown, with white segmentations and with a median broad white stripe; anterior and intermediate femora pale chestnut, paler at their apices, the posterior ones dull brown, tibiae not with rings, black, at the base widely white, anterior tarsi black, intermediate and posterior ones white at base; pleurae brown, halteres reddish yellow with apex black ; wings pale cinereous, at the apex diffusely pale brown, and ornamented with numerous white spots and lines. Bigot, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 627. In Indian Museum one female from Tezpore, Assam. The following description was published by me in the “Annals ’’ after an examination of the type :— A brown species, distinguished by its long slender antennae and all the tibiae white at the base. Face grey, dark brown in the centre, immediately below the antennae ; the stripe between the antennae and the eyes brown, but broken upinto dots and spots. Palpi reddish, rather long, with brown pubescence and some white hairs; beard white. Frontal callus narrow, long, reaching the eyes, shining brown, both borders nearly straight ; the spot between the antennae black, bordered d IQII.] G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 329 with grey; the paired spots dark brown, large, reaching the eyes and almost touching the callus ; the unpaired spot brown, small ; forehead yellowish, with brown markings and grey tomentum and short black pubescence. Awtennae long, slender, yellow; the third joint dusky, reddish at base, black at apex ; the first joint as long as the part of the third joint which is unannulated, the second joint small, both with black pubescence. Thorax brown, with grey shoulders and three narrow grey stripes ; short yellowish pubescence is visible on the dorsum; the sides brown with black hairs, the breast grey. Abdomen a redder brown, with light nar- row borders to the segments, darker at the apex; the pubescence on the light borders short and yellowish, on the other parts black ; a hoary grey median stripe is very distinct from the second to the fifth segment ; the under side brown, grey at the sides. Legs red- dish brown, the fore tibiae and tarsi darker brown, with black pu- bescence, the base of all the tibiae whitish, on the middle tibiae the white extends further ; the basal joint of the middle and posterior tarsi whitish. Wings brown, with yellowish brown veins and stigma and an appendix ; the apical band single, broad; the first second, third, and fifth posterior cells light coloured at their apices ; the dark spot on the fifth posterior cell (as shown in figure) is only noticeable in the wing in certain lights. Lengthg mm. The type is labelled ‘‘ Margherita, 5373. 8.” Haematopota borneana, 2 , Rondani. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 461 (1875); Bigot, Bull. Soc Zool. France, xvi, p. 78 (1891). Length 6—7 mm. @°. Antennae with the first joint yellowish brown; the second pitchy blackish with the greater part of the third, whose apex is black. Forehead dull brown, with two rather small black spots and a wide shining ferruginous brown anterior callus. Face and palpi reddish with two small impressed spots at sides. Thorax with the scutellum above red, the intermediate stripe and side spots brown- ish, not very distinct ; pleurae paler coloured. Abdomen at the base yellowish brown, then black, with white segmentations to the posterior segments, wings brownish, the costal border towards the apex browner, white spotted, the spots small, and a white trans- verse stripe distinct at apex. Halteres with a white stalk and ferruginous club. Legs with anterior and posterior femora pitchy black, the intermediate ones yellowish brown ; all the tibiae white with the apex blackish ; anterior tarsi wholly black, the posterior ones reddish at base. Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 461. I saw the type in the Museum at Genoa in the spring of Igo9, it is not in good condition, 64 mm. long. A small species with a red thorax marked with a broad black median stripe and traces of lateral ones. Jace dull reddish, convex, no dark spots on it, the 330 Records of the Indian Museum. IAYCo) oe Oe frontal callus reddish brown, shining transverse, produced in the middle on posterior border near antennae. Forehead reddish, no other spots visible. Antennae yellow, the first joint nearly as long asthe third. Palpi yellow. Wings with the apical band single, the first rosette distinct. Haematopota cana, 2 , Walker. List Dipt. Brit. Mus., i, p. 207 (1848) ; Bigot, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xvi, p. 79 (1891); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) XVili, p. I16 (1906). Body hoary ; head white beneath ; eyes bronze colour ; feelers black, a little longer than the head; first joint tawny towards the base; mouth black; palpi hoary, tawny towards the tips ; chest with four indistinct whitish stripes ; abdomen with a broad brown stripe on the back; hind borders of the segments pale tawny ; legs piceous ; shanks (tibiae) tawny, with piceous tips; four hin- der feet (tarsi) tawny at the base; wings very pale grey, adorned with numerous colourless segments of circles ; wing ribs and veins tawny, the latter piceous towards the tips of the wings ; poisers tawny. Length of the body 34 lines ; of the wings 7 lines. N. Bengal. From Miss Campbell’s collection. Walker, List Dipt. Brit. Mus., i, p. 207. Type (female), Northern Bengal, 42, 25 (Lieut. Campbell). A small yellow-brown species, with large grey spots at the sides of abdomen and an indistinct median stripe. The type is in very poor preservation, which makes any des- cription of it incomplete. Face grey, no spots; the frontal callus brown, both its borders somewhat irregular; a small brown spot is situated between the antennae ; the paired spots are brown, large, oblong, the unpaired one is small. Forehead grey. Antennae brown, the first joint yel- lowish, stout, not quite so long as the third; the falfi vellow. with black pubescence. Thorax blackish, with three grey stripes, the sides and breast greyish. Abdomen yellowish, darker at the tip, with large hoary grey spots on the sides; the median stripe appears incomplete, the hind borders of the segments narrowly yellow. Legs yellow; the fore coxae very long ; the femora brown- ish; the fore tibiae brown, yellow at the base: the tarsi brown at the tips. Wings grey, the veins yellow, with an appendix; the light rosettes and spots fairly distinct. Length 8 mm. Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xvili, p. 116. This type being so deteriorated it is impossible to place it even with any certainty inthis group. The wings bear some resem- blance to those of H. voralis, Fabr., the basal cells being largely pale, the apical band is single lineal, curved towards the apex where it joins the first small transverse band, which joins the succeeding one, all these bands forming a nearly continuous line round the border of wing, no pale openings are visible in the pos- terior cells, three rosettes are distinct ; only one wing remains. d IgII.| G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidace. 331 Division III. Group ITI. Legs not uniform in colour but with rings on the middle tibiae only, all tibiae white at base. (A) Apical band of wing double. Haematopota dissimilis, @ , n. sp. (Plate xvii, fig. 22.) In British Museum type (female) and others from Baste, and Gersoppa, N. Canara, India, 1907 (T. R. Bell). A species allied to H. bilineata, n. sp., in the wing but distin- guished from it by the first joint of antennae being cylindrical hardly incrassate, yellowish or yellowish brown in colour, the frontal callus is also broader. Tibiae not incrassate, the hind tibiae with a white-haired ring at the base, the middle tibiae only with typical rings, in this allied to. atomaria, Walk., but distinguished from it by the cylindrical antennae and narrow frontal callus. Apical band of wing double, the upper branch proceeding from the inner bor der, the low: er and larger one from the outer border. Length 81mm. Face ashy grey with some short black pubescence, a brown band is present on upper part, broken up into spots, so that the ground colour appears yellowish brown, and the spots are dark brown or black. Palfz with the second joint swollen at base end- ing in a narrow apex, obscurely reddish, with black pubescence. Ajiteanae reddish yellow, slender , long,” the first joint fully as long as the first annulation of third joint, shining with black pubes- cence, hardly incrassate, the second joint very small cup shaped, likewise with black pubescence, the third joint slender, only slightly broader at base, dusky in colour at tip; a large black spot is pres- ent between the antennae. Forehead brownish, the frontal callus dark blackish brown, shining, almost straight on both borders. in the type produced slightly on the upper border, reaching the eyes anteriorly and posteriorly, occupying in breadth about a third of the width of forehead; the paired spots large, black, touching the eyes and the frontal callus, the paired spot small, triangular. Thorax brown with some yellowish brown tomentum and short pale pubescence, shoulders with some ashy grey tomentum. Scutellum similar to thorax. Abdomen choco- late-brown with narrow grey ‘segmentations, under side similar, pubescence on dorsum scanty, white on segmentations, elsewhere black. Legs blackish, the base of fore tibiae whitish and the usual tings on the middle tibiae reddish yellow or whitish, often indis- tinct, hind tibiae with only a white ring near base and sometimes a tuft of white hairs beyond, the white base of fore tibiae is more correctly a white ring near the base, fore tibiae hardly incrassate, femora reddish yellow, the basal joint of middle and posterior tarsi pale. Wings very similar to those of H. bilineata, n.sp., the apical 332 Records of the Indian Museum. [ Vier. stv, band in type has the upper branch proceeding from the inner border very insignificant consisting of a very short narrow line not reaching .the anterior branch of the third vein, but in the other specimens it usually crosses it or at least reaches it, the lower and larger branch is wide at its base, becoming narrower as it proceeds, crossing the upper branch of third vein. (B) Apical band of wing single. Haematopota atomaria, 9 , Walker. (Plate xvi ois. 11.) Proc. Linn. Socs London; 4; p. 112 >1(1856) ;) Ricardo,” Ant Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xviii, p. 117 (1906). In British Museum coll. Type (female), Sarawak, Borneo (Wallace), 56, 44, and two other females from Sarawak, 57, 36. A small dark species, with brown wings, distinctly marked with the usual rosettes and spots; the first joint of the antennae incrassate. Face grey; two small black spots beneath the antennae ; the upper part of the face with a brown stripe, which becomes yellow- ish near the antennae; the palpi yellow, with black pubescence ; the beard white. Frontal callus pitchy brown, shining, broad, reaching the eyes, with the posterior border convex, rounded, the anterior border reaching round the antennae; the paired spots black, round, reaching the eyes and the frontal callus, with yellow borders. Forehead brown, yellower on the vertex; the unpaired spot not present. Antennae blackish ; the first joint dark red, shining, with black hairs, slightly incrassate, considerably shorter than the third ; second very small; third broad, ending in a point. Thorax brown with traces of darker stripes and of short white pubescence; scu- tellum the same colour ; breast brown. Abdomen brown, with nar- row greyish borders to the segments, which are broader on the under side. Legs reddish brown, with black pubescence, which be- comes fringe-like on the hind legs; the base of the anterior tibiae white, the middle tibiae with the typical rings, the posterior tibiae brown at the extreme base, then white and brown on the apical half. Wings brown, with brown veins and an appendix; the apical band single; all the posterior cells and apical cell with a triangular white spot at their openings with the exception of the fourth posterior cell. Lengthg mm. Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Mist (7), xvillp. Lr. The posterior tibiae are white at base. Haematopota unizonata, Ricardo. (Plates ies -12. 132) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xvili, p. 118 (1906). Type (male) from Ceylon, 1892 (Yerbury). 1QII.] G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 333 Type (female) from Hakgala, and three females from Niu- wara Eliya, Ceylon, 1891 (Yerbury), females from Pundaluoya, Ceylon, 1890 and 1898, and one female from Galagedara, Ceylon, 1897 (Green). There is a note by Col. Yerbury on this species, viz., “‘ Very common at Niuwara Eliya, May 189If.’’ A reddish brown species, with rings on the middle tibiae only; the other tibiae white at the base; the antennae long, cylindrical. Face grey; a yellowish stripe covered with brown dots and spots reaches from the antennae to the eyes on each side; palpi yellow, with white pubescence; beard white. Frontal callus dark brown, shining, concave on the anterior (lower) border, convex on the posterior (upper) border; the spot between the antennae black, oblong: the paired spots black, oblong, just reaching the eyes, with grey borders. Forehead brownish yellow, darker on the vertex, grey at sides. Antennae long and slender, reddish yellow, the third joint darker; the first joint not quite so long as the third, the second small, both with black pubescence. Thorax reddish brown, the shoulders, two stripes which reach the suture and end in two spots, the base of thorax and a spot on each side grey; traces of a short white pubescence on the dorsum; breast brown with brown pubescence, then grey with white pubescence ; scutellum reddish brown. Abdomen a redder brown, segments bordered with narrow whitish bands; pubescence black, white on the borders of the segments and at the sides; traces of grey spots on the apical segments; the under side brown, with white borders to the segments, grey at the sides. Legs dark brown, the middle tibiae redder, with two white rings, and the base of the tarsi yellow- ish, as are also the posterior tarsi; the middle femora are reddish, with white pubescence. Wings brownish, with brown veins and an appendix, the light markings distinct, with three rosettes, the apical band single. Length 8mm. Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hast. (7),. x 5, Antennae ochre brownish with a blackish brown apex. Face rusty brownish with a paler middle line; cheeks light rusty yellow with a smooth brown spot ; forehead yellowish ; in the female with a blackish brown transverse oval tubercle. ‘Thorax brown with two mouldy grey stripes only separated by a brown line, with golden yellow pubescence: breast sides brown with a golden stripe under the base of wings. Scutellum rusty yellow. Abdomen of the male rusty yellow, the first segment brown in the middle, the second segment pale, with two brown spots united towards the base of the segment in a somewhat rounded angle, not resting on the base IgII.| G. Ricarpo : The Oriental Tabanidae. 381 itself, continued as far as the base of the third segment ; sides of abdomen brown, in the middle of the under side of abdomen an abbreviated brown band. Abdomen of the female more brownish, the first segment pale, the second paler still, almost whitish anteri- orly, the spots as in the male, but not continued to the third segment. All segmentations broadly paler, the first brown in the middle. Wings perfectly hyaline, on the fore border from the base to the apex, brown, below the cross-veins at the base is a some- what oblique small inconspicuous band; the larger band has a deep incision on the inner border. Legs bright rusty yellow. In Fabricius’s, Westermann’s and my own collection. Wiedemann, Auss. zweifl. Ins., i, p. 196. A female specimen from Java in the collection of M. Serville differs from Wiedemanu’s description by the shining blackness of the face, with a grey spot on each side; by the grey forehead with two black calli, by the posterior border of thorax with golden yellow hairs, by the black scutellum, by the fawn-coloured legs with black coxae, and also the posterior femora. Macquart, Dipt: exot. i (1), p. 163: According to Wiedemann the spot or rather the brown bifid stripe of the abdomen extends over the second and third segment of the male, it does not extend beyond the second one in the female. We have observed five females and two males in which the stripe is equally present on the second and third segments. From Java. M. Payen’s collection. Macquart, Dipt. exot. Suppl. ili, p. 174. Seven females from Buitenzorg, Java (1875) (Ferrari). The identification is certain, although there are discrepancies, especi- ally in the description of the face. Macquart notices the same differences in Dipt. exot. i, p. 163. Osten Sacken, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, xvi, p. 418. Rd6der, Ent. Nachricht, p. 234, records the species from Ceylon. Six females from different places (in Sumatra). The above specimens differ from the description and from most specimens from Java by their darker colour, especially by the black scutellum and the black- brown posterior femora. ‘The posterior tibiae in this species are broader in their whole length, and each side with a short fine fringe of hairs. The face is very shining. V.d. Wulp, Dipt. Sumatra, p. 19. The figure of Haematopota lunata is evidently that of a specimen of Chrysops dispar. No description is given. Chrysops ligatus, Wik., from Bengal is only a rather pale-coloured specimen with some lighter spaces in the wing-cells. Chrysops semicirculus, a female in very bad condition, is, I now believe, only a poor specimen of this species with the black markings of the abdomen obsolete or almost so. Chrysops terminalis, W1k., is a pale-coloured specimen with the black bifid stripe not reaching beyond the second segment, as in Wiedemann’s original description of Chrysops dispar. Walker identified several specimens as Wiede- mann’s species and then described his two new species, placing 382 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, them directly after Chrysops dispar in his Catalogue, but I can see no differences sufficiently marked to justify them being made distinct species. Chrysops impar, Osten Sacken believed to be the same as the Wiedemann species, after seeing the type (see Berlin. Ent. Zeit., xxvi, p. 97), an opinion with which I agree, having also seen the type, which has the abdomen however entirely black after the third segment, and the frontal callus is deeply incised posteriorly a peculiarity I have not seen in any other specimens, but there are very few specimens in the collections I have had access to, from Borneo, whence Rondani’s came. The type of Chrysops bifasciata, Macquart, I have seen in the Paris Museum and believe it to be a specimen of Chrysops dispar though the black stripes on abdomen are of unusual length, ex- tending to the end of the abdomen, which I have not observed in any other specimens from India or elsewhere. Macquart’s type is from Bengal. His description of the antennae is incorrect, they are almost wholly yellowish, a little darker on the second and third joints, not ‘‘ black, red at the base.” The species varies a little, chiefly in the colour of the scutellum which ranges from reddish to reddish brown or nearly black. The /egs are usually testaceous or yellowish but the posterior femora are sometimes brownish or blackish, the coxae are also darker in some specimens ‘The forehead is greyish or yellowish. The abdominal stripe beginning on the second segment is continued to the base of the segment or to the base of the third and occa- sionally reaches the fourth segment. It is an easily distinguished species, with a yellowish abdomen, the bifid stripe always distinct, and a dark narrow band on the posterior border of the firstsegment. The thorax in well-preserved specimens has golden yellow pubes cence at the sides and base. The face and cheeks yellowish brownish in the centre with the exception of a narrow yellow line and with two black stripe-like spots on the lower part of cheeks. Wings with a brown fore border and transverse band, chiefly incised on its outer border. Length from 8—11r mm. In the British Museum are specimens from Ceylon (Yerbury, Green) ; Nepal (Hardwicke bequest); Bangalore (Watson) ; Moul- mein, K. India (Clark); Singapore and Penang (Ridley); Ran- goon; Annam; Hongkong (Bowring) ; Java; Sumatra. In Indian Museum coll. from Balighai, near Puri, Orissa; Kulattupuzha, W. base of W. Ghats, Travancore ; Nedumangad, to miles N. E. of Trivandrum, Travancore; Morapai, S. Bengal ; Bukit Besar, Patani States, Siam; I have also identified speci- mens from Formosa. On one of the specimens from Ceylon Col. Yerbury has the following note: ‘‘ Common and generally distri- buted. ‘Tormentscattle. The scutellum and pilose stripe on the pleurae in life bright gamboge yellow.” [Flies of this common species conceal themselves during the day on the lower surface of the leaves of shrubs, becoming active towards evening. I found thespecies exceedingly common at Bali- shai in October.—N. ANNANDALE. | IQII. | G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 383 Chrysops designata, @ o,sp.n. (Plate xv slice Te) Type female from Sarah, Nepal, 24-xi-o8, in Indian Museum coll. and another from Yunnan, W. China; type male from Jaulasal, Naini Tal district. @. Abdomen yellowish, marked with black on the first three segments, bearing only three yellow spots on the third segment. Wings with cross-band and apical spot, the former with a well-marked sinus on posterior border, its outer border irregular. Antennae long, cylindrical. Length 9 mm. Face yellowish, the facial tubercles shining, blackish brown, reaching the oral opening but bearing a large yellow stripe in the centre of face, lower part of cheeks black, with yellow hairs. Palpi reddish yellow with scanty yellowish pubescence. Antennac long, cylindrical, the first joint a little longer than the second one, reddish yellow with black pubescence, the second and_ third blackish, the second with black pubescence, the third joint the longest of the three but barely as long as the first two joints together. Forehead same colour as face with yellow pubes- cence, the frontal callus shining, blackish brown, transverse, not reaching the eyes, with an impressed line in the centre and slightly produced toward the antennae, ocelli visible at vertex which is not darker in colour. Thorax blackish brown, with a very broad yellowish grey tomentose median stripe divided in two by a narrow brown line, sides yellowish clothed with bright yellow pubescence, which is also present on the dorsum as short scanty pubescence. Scutellum yellowish grey, blackish in the centre but probably this is due to denudation, with darker pubescence. Abdomen yellowish, paler yellow on the first two segments, on the following segments more reddish yellow, with the apical slightly darker, pubescence yellowish, thick on the apical segments; the black markings consist of a narrow band on the posterior border of first segment widening in the centre into a broad median spot reaching the anterior border, with concave sides, on the second segment of the ordinary chevron-like black spots meeting on the anterior border, with likewise a narrow band on the posterior bor- der, on the third segment the black chevron-like spots are present but broader, not meeting on the anterior border, the sides and pos- terior border have black bands, so that the yellow colour remains as three large spots, the middle one irregularly triangular, the side ones oblong, large, on the fourth segment two small black triangular spots with their apices pointing downwards are present on the anterior border which is also blackish at the sides; under side wholly yellow. Legs reddish yellow, the coxae, femora and apical joints of tarsi blackish. Wangs hyaline with brown fore border reaching the apex, at base extending slightly into the basal cells, and with a brown cross-band which reaches the anal cell; the fifth posterior cell is largely hyaline, the lower border of band almost straight not extending into the basal cells, its upper border 384 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor IV, irregular, produced towards the base of fork of third longitudinal vein and again at the fourth posterior cell; the apical spot is narrow, the same width throughout, reaching exactly to the centre of apex of wing. ». Smaller than the female, measuring 8 mm. Palpt blackish. First joint of antennae nearly the same length as the second, both darker in colour. Eyes join between the frontal triangle and the ocelligerous tubercle. Thorax with a wide median black stripe bordered by a_ yellow stripe, black bevond; sides yellow with a black stripe, pubescence yellow, golden yellow on the sides. Scutellum black. Abdomen similar to that of female with the exception of the first segment which is wholly black, only pale yellow on the sides, the black spots on second segment are larger and leave only a small yellow dot in their centre, the middle yellow spot on the two following segments is smaller ; under side yellow, black at apex. Legs black, only the middle femora and first joint of middle and posterior tarsi pale vellow. Chrysops rufitarsis, ~, Macquart. Dipt. exot Suppl. 111, p. 174 (1847) ; Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7),-1x, p. 373 (1902). Thorax black. Abdomen white, at the base and apex black. Wings at the base, costal border and band brown. Length 4 lines, ~. Palpi brown. Face yellowish white with two shining black callosities. Forehead black. Antennae slender ; first joint hairy, dark testaceous ; the two others black. Thorax with blue reflec- tions, a spot of yellowish white hairs in front of the wings ; scutel- lum black. Abdomen: first segment black, yellowish white on its posterior border, second and third the same white colour ; the second with a small triangular spot resting on the anterior border ; the fourth on the anterior part white, sinuous, and posteriorly black, the fifth, sixth and seventh black ; under side as the dorsum. Legs black ; tibiae dilated, a little rounded on the outside, the posterior ones lightly ciliated; tarsi fawn coloured, the anterior ones black ; the two last joints of the intermediate and posterior pair black. Wings hyaline ; the cross-band hollowed out on its in- terior border ; veins pale, normal. From Java. Monsieur Payen’s collection. Macquart, Dipt. exot. Suppl. iii, p. 174. This type is unknown to me, but there is a male from Burma in the Brit. Mus. coll. which may perhaps belong to this species though there is no sign of a black spot on the second segment, the abdomen being almost silvery white or very pale yellow, black at base and apex. ‘The colouring of the large facial tubercles is red- dish brown, of the antennae chiefly reddish yellow, of the /egs more reddish brown than black ; the tibiae are all incrassate. Wings with a faint large hyaline sinus on posterior border, apical spot reaching apex uniform in width, apical border of band slightly concave. IgII.| G. Ricardo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 385 Chrysops translucens, 2 , Macquart. Dipt. exot. (I), i, p. 162 (1838); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 375 (1902). Black. Abdomen with the first and second segment white pellucid at the base. Femora brown, red below; tarsi red. Wings with a black band, excised on the interior border. Length 4 lines. Palpi brownish. Face pale fawn coloured, shining ; sides and cheeks shining black, with a spot of grey tomentum at the border ofthe eyes. Forehead denuded, entirely shining black. Antennae: first joint bare, pale fawn coloured, of ordinary length ; the second bare, same length as the first, brownish fawn coloured ; the third wanting Thorax denuded, shining black; a triangular spot of golden yellow hairs in front of the wings. Abdomen: first seg- ment transparent white, black on its posterior border, a little nar- rowed in the middle, reduced to nothing on the outer borders ; second silvery white with a large triangular black spot on the posterior border in the middle of which is a small dorsal white spot, transparent and triangular; the third shining black with a small dorsal white band, following that of the second segment, the others shining black ; under side : the first two segments transparent white, the second black on its outer borders. Femora brown- ish black above, posterior ones black ; tibiae brown, rather stout ; anterior tarsi brown; base of the first joint fawn coloured, inter- mediate and posterior ones fawn coloured ; the last joints brown. Halteres black. Wings hyaline; the outer border narrow, reach- ing the apex ; a little spot near the base and a cross-band brown; this latter hollowed out in the middle of the fifth posterior cell. From Java. Monsieur Serville’s collection. ‘This species is nearly related to Chrysops pellucidus, Fabr. and Wied., of which perhaps itis only a variety, but the latter differs in particular by the antennae being 1} lines long (though the third joint is wanting in C. translucens, they could not attain this length), by the abdomen and by the black legs. Macquart, Dipt. exot. (1), i, p. 162. One female from Kuala Lumpur (H. C. Pratt). Presented to Brit. Mus. coll. by London School Tropical Medicine. From a comparison of this specimen with the male and female specimens of Chrysops pellucida, Fabr.,in Brit. Mus. coll. the distinctions between the two species ¢ranslucens, Macq., and pellu- cida, Fabr., appear well marked. The face in Chrysops translucens is yellowish with a black spot on each side below antennae, the sides of face bordering the median line yellowish brown shining, becom- ing biackish over the oral opening, base of cheeks black. Forehead black, with broad band of grey tomentum below the frontal callus, which appears transverse, its anterior border sinuous, reaching the eyes. Antennae yellowish, not bare, the second one browner and the dark pubescence thicker. Abdomen distinguished at once from the Fabrician species by the white base of the first segment, and by the presence of the whitish or yellowish spots on second and third segment, as described by Macquart, conspicuous in the 386 Records of the Indian Museum: [VonsIV, middle of the black colouring. Legs brownish, the anterior femora yellowish, the anterior tibiae curved and slightly incrassate, the posterior ones broad, all with short fringes of black pubescence, most conspicuous on the hind pair, tarsi pale yellowish on first joint and at base of other joints. Wangs similar to those of Chry- sops pellucida. Wength about 8 mm. Chrysops pellucida, Fabr. . (Plate xv, fig:-2:) Syst. Antl., 113, 11 (1805) ; Wied., Dipt. exot., 107, 8 (1821) ; id.,, Auss. zweifl. Ins., i, p. 206 (1828) ; Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7)5,1x;-p.373) 902). Black, with the second segment of the abdomen at its base white, pellucid. Wings white: band black. Habitat Tranquebar (S: Eo India): ‘In size and general appearance related to Chrysops dispar, of which itis perhaps only a variety. Antennae cylindrical, black, almost as long as the body. Head and thorax black, unspotted. Abdomen black, with the second segment at the base white, pel- lucid, which colour extends to the sides. Wings white; the wide middle cross-band black, paler at the border with a white spot. Legs black, tibiae compressed. Fabr., Syst. Antl., p. 113. Black, the second segment of the abdomen white pellucid ; wings with a black band, excised on the interior margin. 3 Himes <9 + Undoubtedly a distinct species from Chrysops dispar. An- tennae yellowish at the base; their length hardly more than 14 lines, and therefore the Fabrician text is hardly to be understood, unless he intended not to include the head. Head grey haired. Calli black. Thorax black, with golden yellow haired sides; breast sides blackish, with a golden yellow stripe under the root of wings. The transparent white part of the second segment of abdomen slopes downwards on both sides almost to the hind bor- der, so that a black triangular spot remains. The outer border of the wings black to the apex. In the legs the knees and base of tarsi are yellowish. In the Royal Museum and also a mutilated speci- men in the Fabrician collection. Wied., Auss. zweifl. Ins., i, p. 206. In the Indian Museum coll. there is a male from Trichinopoly, S. E. India, which exactly fits the above description. The length of antennae given by Fabricius as nearly equal to that of the body must be an error. @. Eyes brown with some blackish markings. Ocelligerous tubercle very prominent, blackish. Frontal triangle biack covered with grey tomentum. Jace black covered with dense grey tomen- tum, in the middle below the antennae is a large shining black tubercle and a small black spot on each side, the lower part of face below also black; pubescence in lower part of face whitish. Palpi small, blackish, with black hairs. Antennae long, slender, IQII. | G. Rrcarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 387 about as long as the head and thorax together, first joint yellowish with pale hairs, its extreme apex and the second joint are obscure reddish with darker hairs, both joints about the same length, the third joint a little longer and blackish. Thorax black with some golden yellow hairs on its posterior borders, and a stripe of the same coloured hairs running across the root of wings at sides ; breast black with some grey tomentum. Scutellum black, shining. Abdomen black, the second segment pellucid, whitish, on its an- terior border, the black posterior border produced in the middle as a triangular spot which attains the posterior border of first seg- ment; under side yellowish on first two segments, then black. Legs black, the first two joints and part of the third one of middle and posterior tarsi pale yellow, all the tibiae slightly in- crassate, pubescence black. Wings hyaline, brown at base, and along fore border to the apex, the transverse brown band deeply incised in posterior margin, so that the fifth posterior cell is almost hyaline. Length 8 mm. There is a female in the Brit. Mus. coll. from unknown local- ity very much damaged which however is no doubt a specimen of this species. Chrysops alter, 2 , Rondani. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 44 (1875); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. IN Peet ists (7),.1% D. 27 3( LG02): Female length 5 mm. From Sarawak, Borneo. Antennae with the first joint reddish, the two following dusky black. Forehead in the middle narrowly greyish, with a very large anterior callus which is subrotund, shining black, taking up almost the whole width of forehead. Palpi reddish. Face shining black, at the sides narrowly and under the antennae pale pollinose. Thorax with scutellum black, the sides and the pleurae under the root of the wings yellow haired. Calyptra and halteres black. Wings with the base luteous; the costal border brown, the apex with a paler expanded brown colour; the black- ish band is beyond the middle of wing, posteriorly narrower. Legs: the anterior legs blackish, with the exception of the base of femora which are pale testaceous, the intermediate femora, the extreme apex of tibiae and the tarsi pale testaceous, the tibiae blackish; the posterior legs black, with a subapical ring of the femora, the apex of the tibiae and the tarsi luteous testaceous. Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, p. 44. Type 2 in Genoa Museum was seen by me. It is a small species, the face wholly black, shining, convex, the frontal callus black, large, reaching the eyes, a narrow grey band divides it from the vertex. Antennae yellow. Abdomen which is in a bad state appears black, the first segment yellow anteriorly, and the second segment has a yellow band on its anterior border. Wings with one band, and the apex narrowly dark. Length 54 mm. 388 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, This species must be nearly alliea to Chrysops pellucida, with the face black, and to Chrysops translucens, with the first segment yellow anteriorly. Rondani omitted to describe the abdomen, which is now hard to distinguish as to colouring. Chrysops sinensis, 9 7, Walker. (Plate xv, fig. 6.) Dipt. Saund., i, p. 453 (1856); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist (7) ..15 P1772 902)- In Brit. Mus. coll. Type (female) labelled ‘‘China.’’ Male from Haining, Chekiang, China, 1893 (Walker). In Indian Museum coll. females from Hankow, China. Specimens from Formosa were sent me some time ago by Dr. Kertesz for identification and proved to be this species, which is distinct from any species belonging to the Palaearctic Region and so far has not been found north of the Oriental Region boundary. A large robust-looking blackish species with the first two segments of abdomen largely yellow, and sometimes the remaining segments appear more yellow than black, with black median oblique spots, or the abdomen appears blackish with median grey triangular spots. Thorax black with distinct yellowish stripes. Wings with a cross-band and apical spot, the former irregular on its outer border becoming narrower as it approaches the fifth posterior cell. Face, legs and antennae yellowish. Length type and others 10o—11 mm. 2. ace yellowish, the facial callosities reaching the oral opening are shining, tawny, cheeks with a small black spot on lower part near eyes and below blackish. Palpi tawny, rather bare and shining. Antennae tawny, the third joint blackish, the first two joints about equal in length, with very few yellowish hairs, the first joint slightly incrassate, the third as long as the first two joints together. Forehead covered with greyish yellow tomentum, the frontal callus large, protuberant, transverse, not reaching the eyes, vertex with the three ocelli blackish. Thorax black, somewhat shining, with two well-marked median grey tomentose stripes, sides with greyish yellow tomentum, breast black with some grey tomentum. Scutellum black. Abdomen in this species appears variable in colouring, in the type blackish, the first two segments largely yellow, the second segment with only two chevron-like black spots not quite joining above, their bases resting on the posterior border, the remaining segments blackish with narrow yellowish or yellowish grey borders expanding in the middle to triangular spots, and with traces of a yellow spot on each side of the third segment; in another specimen the yellow colour is more greyish and on the posterior segments is more extended leaving only black spots very similar to those in the IQII.] G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 389 second segment but not converging so much towards each other, the scattered pubescence on all the specimens yellowish. Legs reddish yellow, knees darker, base of hind femora blackish. Wings with the usual band and apical spot; the shape of the former is somewhat peculiar, projecting on its outer border towards, but not attaining, the fork of the third vein; in the first posterior cellit becomes concave, then slightly convex tillit reaches the fifth posterior cell, where the sinus is not very marked, and follows the fifth vein; it is narrow in width, only filling the discal cell, not encroaching on the basal cells at all, and filling the fourth posterior about half-way up; the basal cells have only dark shad- ing at their extreme base; the apical spot is the same width throughout, only crossing the anterior branch of the third vein at its apex. @. Similar. Eyes with the upper haif composed of larger facets. Abdomen in one specimen has the first segment almost entirely black, and the rest of abdomen reddish yellow with black oblique spots on each side, surrounding the grey triangular spots. Wings similar, centre of discal cell sometimes paler. Chrysops stimulans, o , Walker. (Plate xv, fig. 5.) Dipt. Saund., i, p. 73 (1850); ¢d., List. Dipt. v, Suppl. i, p. 265 (1854); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 376 (1902). Type (male) from East India, Saunders coll.; two males and one female from Pusa, Bengal, in Mr. Howlett’s coll A small blackish species, the female lighter in colouring, easily distinguished by the markings of the wings, having a round clear spot in the discal cell in the middle of the dark cross-band and a narrow apical spot in the inner border of which is a clear small oblong spot reaching the anterior branch of the third vein. Male with a black abdomen, marked with three spots on each of the anterior segments, the female with the abdomen greyish and two median united spots on the second and third segments. Length of males 6—8 mm., female 8 mm. @. Face covered with grey tomentum, the facial tubercles black shining, reaching the oral opening leaving the centre of the face with a broad grey stripe, a black, narrow spot on each lower cheek reaching from the eyes to the oral opening, pubescence below pale yellow. Palpfi yellowish brown with black pubes- cence. Antennae blackish brown, the first joint slightly incrassate with black pubescence, the second and third joints cylindrical, with less pubescence, the first two joints are about equal in length, the third a little longer than either. Frontal triangle grey, sub- triangular. Eyes only meeting at one point beyond, vertex large with the ocelli distinct. Thorax blackish with grey tomentum Sometimes appearing as stripes and with black pubescence. a 390 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, Scutellum black. Abdomen black, on the second segment appears a large pale vellowish almost square spot and a minute triangular greyish spot in centre on posterior border, on third and fourth segments appear three small triangular greyish spots situated on the posterior borders of segments; under side black with yellow spots. Legs black, the middle tibiae yellow, black at extreme apex, pubescence of legs black. Wungs hyaline with a dark brown base, costal border reaching to the apex, and a median band, the brown colouring at base extends beyond the middle of both basal cells, leaving a narrow hyaline band between them and the cross- band which is broad extending into the apical cell, becoming paler in the fifth posterior cell, its upper border irregular, at the base of branches of third vein it is produced, reaching towards the apical spot and thus giving rise to the clear spot or incision men- tioned above: the apical spot extends over the anterior branch of third vein. 2. Facial black tubercles are smaller. Forehead covered with grey tomentum, the frontal tubercle black, transverse, but small, not reaching eyes. Thorax grey with three very distinct black stripes. Scutellum identical. Abdomen greyish, the two black spots uniting in centre on first and second segments well marked, on third segment appears a zigzag black band on its anterior border, and on following segments a small ill-defined black spot on each side of median line; the abdomen of the only female specimen is not in very good preservation; under side greyish with black markings. Legs yellow, knees and tarsi black- ish. Wangs similar to those of male. The male from Persian Gulf mentioned in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 376, appears a different species, the abdomen having only median grey spots ; it is probably a new species. This Walker species bears a strong resemblance to the Palaearctic species Chrysops punctifera, Loew, récorded from Syria, in the wing-markings and in the abdominal markings, especially of the male, but it is distinguished by the slightly incrassate first joint of antennae, and larger frontal triangle in the male, and also in the female by the more greyish colour of the abdomen. Chrysops indiana, o 2 , Ricardo. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 379 (1902). One male from Nilghiri Hills, 88, 112 (Hampson). One female from Khasi Hills district, India, 96, 135 (Chennell, 1878). A species allied to C. dispar, Fabr., but in the wing approach- ing C. fasciatus, Wied.; it is larger and more robust than C. dispar, Fabr. Yellow, with a black bifid stripe on the second segment, enclosing a small, almost round, yellow spot, but the black does not join on the posterior border. IQIt. | G. Rrcarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 391 @ @ (types). Face yellow, with yellow hairs on the cen- tral stripe and at the sides. Antennae long and slender, nearly equal in length to the head and thorax, all the joints about equal in length; yellow, the third joint darker, the first clothed with long black hairs, the second with shorter ones, the third bare. Palpi yellow. Thorax and scutellum brownish, with yellow pubes- cence, thicker at the sides, the breast the same colour. Abdomen light yellow, the second segment paler; the first segment with a natrow black band on the posterior border, the second with a black stripe which begins in the centre and then divides, send- ing out a branch on each side reaching to the hind border, and there extending outwards till it ends in a point; a small, yellow, oblong spot is thus left in the middle, surrounded by the black, excepting on its posterior border ; the black stripes are continued very faintly on the third segment; the sides of abdomen have short black pubescence; the under side yellow, with three faint brown stripes on the third segment. Legs yellowish brown, with short black pubescence; the tibiae dilated, especially the anterior and middle pairs. Wings clear, with brown colouring at the extreme base only filling the basal cells one-third of their length, continued along the fore border to the apex, and as a transverse band which attains the posterior border just contiguous to the anal cell; it is a little fainter in colouring in the fifth posterior cell; its apical border is straight, also the inner one as far as the anal cell. Length 113 mm. The female is identical. Chrysops fasciata, ¢, Wiedemann. (Plate xv, fig. 7.) WMipi -eXOt 1. “Oa £03 (1S2L) +04... uss. zwelll.. Pns:, 1 p.-198 (1828); Doles., Natuurkund. Tijd. Nederl. Ind., xvii, p. 84 (1858) ; Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 375 (1902). Thorax black; abdomen at the base white, in the middle black, with the apex ochraceous; wings at the base, costal border and band brown. 4} lines, @ , from Java. Antennae brown, the last joint deep black at apex, face golden yellow with a brownish black triangular tubercle. Thorax with golden yellow tomentum; breast sides with thick golden yellow silky pubescence. Abdomen with the first two segments white, the last one black on its posterior border, the third black with ochre-brown median and side spots, which do not attain the side border, the fourth and fifth ochre-brown with black side borders, the sixth and seventh wholly ochre-brown. Wings very hyaline, the usual band hardly incised in the inuer border, Legs brown, femora darker, the tarsal joints at base very pale, the fore tibiae and tarsal joints at base blackish; the posterior tibiae fringed with black hairs. In Westermann’s collection. Wiedemann, Auss. zweifl. ‘Ins., i, p. 198. 392 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, Doleschall records this species from Amboina. In Brit. Mus. coll. a female from Malay States (H. C. Pratt), presented by London School of Tropical Medicine; and two females from Ross Island, Andaman Islands, May 1904 (Col. Bingham). In Indian Museum coll. a female from Assam and another from Sibsagar, Assam. In London School of Tropical Medicine coll. a female from Sarawak, Borneo (A. R. Wellington). A species with the abdomen pale yellow at base, black in the middle and reddish yellow at apex. Legs and face blackish. Wings with the dark cross-band hardly incised on inner border though sometimes paler. Length 8}—12 mm. Face yellowish or golden yellow, with the middle of face shining black having only a short yellow median stripe below the antennae, base of cheeks shining black. Beard yellow. Palpi yellowish red, smooth, long and pointed with some black hairs. Antennae yellowish, cylindrical, the second joint browner with thicker pubescence, the third joint black except at base, longer. Forehead black with a broad band of yellowor grey tomentum, the frontal callus large, reaching eyes, protuberant. Thorax black, with golden yellow pubescence at sides and on posterior border, and with pale yellow appressed pubescence on dorsum. Scutellum blackish. Abdomen with the first two segments pale yellowish, the first segment black beneath the scutellum, the second segment with a narrow posterior black border, the third segment blackish some- times with obscure yellowish or reddish markings, the remaining segments reddish yellow. Legs blackish brown, the fore t biae black, swollen, the middle and posterior tibiae almost wholly pale yellow, the posterior femora incrassate with fringes of black hairs, pubescence of legs wholly black. Wangs with a large broad trans- verse band, broadly brown on costal border to apex and at base brown, the band with almost straight borders, not incised on posterior border though sometimes paler in the filth posterior cell, reaching to the anal cell, the apex of which it entirely fills. Chrysops fixissima, @ , Walker. Proc. Jinnt Sockvsi -p: 112 (1850). Ricarco =, AnaseMetes Nat. Hast: (7); -15 0: 37 0u(rae2): Chrysops unizonatus, Rondani, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, vii, Pp. 459 (1873); Ost. Sacken, Berlin. Ent. Zeit., xxvi, p. 97 (1882). The type is not to be found in the British Museum collection, but only the variety. Cclonel Yerbury has a note on one of the specimens to the effect that the species is ‘‘ Rare.”’ Type (var., female) from Sarawak, 68, 4 (Saunders). Two trom Sandakan, Brit. N. Borneo, 98, 38 (D. Cator), and one, from same locality, 95, 134; one from Singapore, 96, 114 IgII.] G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 393 (Flower); one from Sarawak, 56, 14 (Saunders); two from ‘Trin- comalee, 2, 10 g0O—-10, 9, 91 (Yerbury). Walker describes the var. ‘‘ with two bands, one black, the other brown.” I should rather describe it as having one black band only, on the posterior border of the second segment. It is related to C. fasciata, but distinguished from it by the facial tubercle being yellowish brown, becoming black only at its upper corners ; thelegsare also paler. The species described by Rondani as C. unizonatus is a synonym of this, and not of C. signifer, Walker, as suggested by Osten Sacken, who states that the face in the Rondani species is yellow, which agrees with the colouring of the face of this species (see Osten Sacken, in Berlin. Ent. Zeit., XXvi, p. 97). Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 376. Length of type 11 mm., of others g—11} mm. When further material is available, this species may prove to be only a subform or identical with Chrysofs fasciata, Wied., the abdomen with only one black band on the posterior border of second segment and the more largely yellow colouring of the face appearing the only differences. Chrysops signifer, ~, Walker. Proc. Linn. Soc. London, v, p. 276, 1861; Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 376 (1902). There is only the type, a male, in Brit. Mus. coll. from Batchian, but Osten Sacken records males and females from the Philippines and states they vary very much in size. Ost. Sacken, Berlin. Ent. Zeit., xxvi, p-'97, 1882. The species is distinguished from Chrysops fixissima and fasciata by the shape of the second band on the third segment, which is not present in Chrysops fixissima and Chrysops fasciata, in this species it is concave in the middle, neither of the bands reach the sides, but the third and fourth segments are bordered with a narrow black stripe. Legs in the type are yellowish brown, the hind pair darker, tibiae slightly incrassate. Wings as in Chrysops fasciata. Length of type 9} mm. Chrysops cincta, Bigot. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 602 (1892); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 378 (1902). ? Chrysops clavicrus, Thomson, Eugen. Resa, Dipt., p. 452 (1868); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 373 (1902). Antennae as long as the head and thorax together, black, the first segment (joint) pale yellow, the second the same length, palpi whitish yellow; face and forehead covered with a yellowish tomentum, under the antennae a heart-shaped spot, an oval callus at base of forehead, another transverse one at vertex, all shining black; thorax black, a little yellowish down at the sides: 394 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, scutellum black; abdomen black, the segments very narrowly bordered with yellowish white, a large band of the same colour at base of second segment; coxae black, femora reddish, the posterior ones black exteriorly, tibiae dilated, reddish, blackish exteriorly, tarsi reddish with the apex blackish; squamae greyish, club of halteres brown; wings whitish, blackish exteriorly, from the base to the apex included, with a large median cross-band of the same colour. PhilippineIslands. One specimen. Bigot, Mem.Soc. Zool. France, v, p. 602. I have examined the type (female) from the Philippines lent me by Mr. Verrall; it is darker than the three other species with black bands, and the yellow colour of the ahdomen is not diaphanous; it is nearly allied to C. fascratus, Wied., and C. stgnifer, Wik., but the abdomen is darker and the black bands broader. I believe it to be the same as C. clavicrus, Thomson, from Malacca; and if this proves to be correct, Bigot’s name must be sunk. The original description may be amended thus :— Face black, yellow at the sides, and with a central short yellow stripe. Abdomen with the first segment pale yellow anda narrow black posterior border; the second is pale yellow on its anterior border; the black band posteriorly is nearly equal in width to the yellow colour; the third segment is almost wholly black, with only a narrow yellow border anteriorly; the two black bands join at the sides, but the second band is entirely straight on its posterior border, thus differing from C. szgnifer, WIk., which is deeply indented in the centre; the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh segments are reddish yellow, with obscure black square spots in the centre of the fourth and fifth. The wings are clear, dark at the base and along the fore border to the apex, and with the usual transverse band which extends to the posterior border. Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 378. Black. Antennae, head and palpi yellow, legs brown, anterior femora and tarsi testaceous, anterior tibiae club-shaped, fusiform ; wings hyaline, with the marginal border and an oblique median band brown. Abdomen at apex brownish, at base honey-yellow, pellucid, with black median band. 9. Length 10mm. Malacca. Related to Chrysops rufitarsis, Macquart, Dipt. exot. Suppl. iii, p. 174, with the anterior tibiae club-shaped, but in the colouring of the abdomen and with the median band of wing not incised, distinct. Head almost hemispherical, the width of thorax, the large eyes bare, ocelli placed on a triangular callus, forehead golden haired, with a large shining callus above the antennae; face golden haired, the facial tubercle sub-protuberant, heart-shaped, shining, the cheeks golden haired, proboscis deflexed, length of the head brown-black; palpi yellowish, deflexed, conical, awl- shaped. Antennae as long as the head and thorax, porrect, filiform, with very short black hairs, separated at the base, black, IQII.] G. Ricardo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 395 the first joint yellow, the second equal in length, lineal, the third one and a half longer than the second, 5 ringed. ‘Thorax sub- glabrous, golden haired at sides and beneath wings; black, at the base above scutellum golden haired, scutellum large, transverse- triangular. Halteres dull yellow, the large club black. Wings with the fore border widely brown, and the band brown, narrower before the base, elsewhere wide, transverse, passing behind the middle of discal cell. Abdomen with fine yellow pubescence, subopaque, the first segment pellucid yellow with a narrow band before the apex, the second yellow, denuded, posteriorly black, the third with the black part wider, with a narrow yellow basal part, fourth, fifth and sixth brown, the fourth with an obsolete discai brown spot; under side brown, at the base yellow, the fourth segment with a biown median spot. Breast black, a little shining, with fine scanty pubescence. Legs with fine short brown pubescence, anterior coxae dull testaceous, brown at apex, the posterior ones black, femora brown, the anterior pair dull testaceous, anterior tibiae stout, club-shaped, brown, the intermediate ones less stout, dull testaceous, brown in the middle, posterior femora brown, tarsi yellow with the apex brown. Thomson, Eugen. Resa, Dip- tera prt452: This latter description is given here with a few unnecessary particulars omitted, as I believe it to be the same species as Bigot described. Chrysops flavocincta, @ , Ricardo. (Plate sy; tise A.) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 380 (1902). Type (female) and another female from Khasi Hills, Assam, 97, 82 (Heyne) ; two females from North Khasi Hills, lower ran- ges, 96, 135 (1878, Chennell); one female from Sarawak, 56, 44 (Wallace) ; one female from Trincomalee, 54 (Yerbury). Black. Abdomen with a yellow band on the anterior half of the second segment. Face black, shining, with a grey tomentose stripe just below the antennae and an obscure yellowish spot where the usual stripe begins; a line of grey tomentum divides the cheeks from the upper part of the face; forehead with the usual black tubercles, which are large, a narrow band of grey tomentum divides them. Antennae rather long, yellow, the second and third joints darker ; the first two joints pubescent, the third bare, Palpfi yellow. Thorax black and shining, with traces of a broad grey stripe, some white pubescence on the dorsum and on the posterior border, and yellow hairs at the sides. Scutellum black. Abdomen black, with some white pubescence, with a yellow band on the anterior half of the first two segments; that on the second is widest and 396 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, concave in the middle, becoming broader at the sides; the under side yellow at the base and black on the apex. Legs black, the an- terior and middle femora and the middle and posterior tarsi yellow. Wings clear, the dark colouring hardly perceptible at the extreme base ; along the fore border it is narrow and only reaches the band, the apex being quite clear ; the band hardly attains the hind bor- der and becomes paler in the fourth posterior cell, only just con- tinuing into the fifth; in some of the specimens it does not reach beyond the fourth and never attains the anal cell ; it is straight on both its borders. Length 8} mm. One of the specimens from Borneo does not measure more than 64 mm. Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 380. In Indian Museum coll. are females of this pretty little species from Pallode, 20 miles N. E. of Trivandrum, Maddathorai, west base of W. Ghats, all in Travancore. The greyish stripe or band below the antennae and a narrow border between the eyes and the facial tubercles are in some otf these specimens almost golden yel- low. The species is easily recognized by the long cylindrical antennae, all the joints about equal in length, the black shining face, and the attenuated band of wings usually not attaining the fifth posterior cell, its outer border is rather concave in these specimens. [This species, which is very common on the west side of the W. Ghats in Travancore in November, resembles C. dispar (p. 382) in habits —N. ANNANDALE. | Chrysops flaviventris, ? , Macquart. Dipt. exot. Suppl. i, p. 172 (1845); Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, Pp. 373 (1902). Thorax black. Abdomen yellow with a spot and the apex black. Legsred. Wings with margin and band brown. Length 33 lines, 2. 1, Related to C. tvanslucens. Face shining black, the upper part fawn coloured. Forehead brownish black, shining. Antennae wanting. Thorax shining black, with a large spot of fawn-coloured tomeutum in front of the wings and prolonged below; scutellum black, bordered with testaceous colour. Abdomen pale yellow, the second segment with a blackish chevron, the last one black. Posterior femora brown. Wings on posterior border and the cross incised band brownish. From India. M. Bigot’s collection, Macquart, Dipt. exot. i, p. 172. This type is unknown to me. From the description it is not clear whether an apical spot is present on the wing, but as it is said to be related to C. tvanslucens, Fabr., which possesses one, it may be assumed to have one. From the description it might possibly be a specimen of Chrysops dispar, Fabr., with the black stripe almost obsolete. It is not included in the table. IQgIt. | G. Ricarpo: The Oriental Tabanidae. 397 Chrysops flavipes, Meig. Klass., i, p. 159, pl. ix, fig. 13 (1804); Villen, Ann. Soc. En- tom. France, Ixxiv, p. 310 (1905). Chrysops perspicillaris, Loew, Neue Beitr., iv, p. 25 (1856) ; 7d., Verh. zool-bot. Ges. Wien, viii p. 633 (1858); Schiner, Fauna Aust. Dipt., i, p. 41 (1862) ; Gobert, Mem. Soc. Linn. Nord France, 1881, p. 48 (1881); Pand., Revue d’Entom., ii, p. 226 (1883); Griff., Boll. Mus. Zool. et Anat. comp. Torino, x, No. 218 (1895) ; Ricardo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, pp. 426, 430 (1902). One female from Baluchistan in Indian Museum coll. rather pale in colouring but identical with the species described by Loew, now stated by Villen to be identical with the Meigen type of C. flavipes seen by him in the Paris Museum. ‘The species is widely distributed, being recorded from Central and South Europe, N. Africa and Asia Minor. fae PS, 1G oe: ark arige> ’ inte chet is SRS .aoee ony Raa {2 Code Bee 4 ot 1 phe Cen AA LINE Ae gee eo ae S OVE. rag ie Pe. A005) CE Ries Becir al Sh RED IS it ods ik a Slane paibst is ype i aaiebae = ao — igs a8 ogiedl ois ern I . alin, ue ee ot | “ose chad oi @ * ba ad ; * ¥ - ma Geta Et { —iin lk = j ay 2c > eo ely bs 7 ‘ = : i f ’ = F = Te # Ve 4 / - . Chrysops, Meig. Sc Corizoneura, Rond. Diachlorus, Macq. Diatomineura, Rond. Gastroxides, Saund. Page 365, 374 alter, Rond. et 8 O7aA cincta, Bigot 393 designata, Ric. 383 | Haematopota, Meig. Page Haematopota cilipes, Bigot 360 cingalensis, Ric. 351 cingulata, Wied. 326 dissimiliss Rice f.- 331 fasciata, Ric. 358 dispar, Fabr. es OOn| fasciata, Wied. 56 Bu fixissima, Wlk. 392 | flavipes, Meig. 397 flaviventris, Macq. 396 | flavocincta, Ric. Jo. -Sho)3 | indiana, Ric. S06. Shex0) manilensis, Schiner .. 377 mlokosiewiczi, Bigot 378 | pellucida, Fabr. 386 rufitarsis, Macq. 384. signifer, Wlk. eS OS sinensis, WIk. 388 stimulans, W1k. 389 | translucens, Macq. 385 | 364, 365 | longirostris, Hardw. 365 | taprobanes, Wlk. .. 367 | varipes subsp., Ric. 367 321, 364 | flavipennis, Macq. .. 364 364, 365 365, 370 ater, Saund. Se) SV) ornatus, Bigot 3714 So0 ee annandalei, Ric. 335 assamensis, Ric. 343 atomaria, WIk... 332 | bilineata, Ric. .. 350 borneana, Rond, 329 brevis, Ric. 349 cana, WIk. 330 fuscifrons, Austen 357 immaculata, Ric. 359 inconspicua, Ric. 358 indiana, Bigot .. 328 irrorata, Macq... 352 javana, Wied. 340 lata Rict 344 latifascia, Ric. .. 356 limbata, Bigot .. 325 lunulata, Macq. 354 marginata, Ric. 347 pachycera, Bigot 336 punctifera, Bigot 327 roralis, Fabr. 323 rubida, Ric. 338 sinensis, Ric. 345 singularis, Ric... 339 tessellata, Ric.. 348 unizonata, Ric. . 332 validicornis, Ric. 333 | Mycteromyia, Phil. 365, 373 nigrifacies, Bigot 373 Neotabanus, Ric. .. 321, 363 ceylonicus, Ric. .. 363 | Pangonia, Latr. : a. 28g 05 amboinensis, Fabr. .. 368 Rhinomyza, Wied. .. 365, 369 fusca, Wied. OO Silvius, Meig. ae 365, 373 indianus, Ric. re sy ie! Udenocera, Ric. 321, 361 brunnea, Ric. aa ; isa i etdeh ee e Oa ae ae ee ie barre eit rR 7h a a gant “aitesdehes ts med ASSES ee AR RL sr ty Recta Bie 55. Pe Movant. Gee rev Bivins aS 7 ae af Rin estes Bape a LOY, sigan 45 pean passes MB < nt = AeA ent Fae Say ARE eine Gos ich ng “BA RIDRREE oa =i A yeas aleeaty TO. aes pe Sight SPOT se see (IG Sls, tie eae yh hg ad haute, fala if Ry yg Ain ik NOt wees Sake SAE. ATER est ie ae Va ale ess aw J ‘phe saesalat Pia ox Pele, eb oe Mc Gh WAR oben, 4 me, Roe ; ‘abe wae DRO EASY ws y Fi Base ’ eo ry ine eee! te) be ae , Tea? MOLES Hoe, Re Re BY Lae cutis oars “ube pe ed : sieiad) i w fer, 7p ore apt ate abies ait * es 4 £ Aye J at Ai Ee Dee bey gti, ary aiok psgo cs hte 4 a Pri hoes ds i = _ pals ~dggeis nat Cee _muectiggst LS ome Pivor tree ests ae 8 ear ecg mei, Siete soitistaaae i, 1) fe S Sake hy Sirkcs es DESL Tan: ae av ort Peco eR res ULrLONS TO THE BRAUN A: OF VUNNAN BASED ON COLLECTIONS MAD BV: |. COCGCIN BROWN. Bioc:, .r909—19O27G.! PART VII.—TABANIDAE. By GERTRUDE RICARDO. The Tabanidae sent me for identification by Dr. Annandale are few in number, comprising the following species :— TABANUS, Linné Tabanus orientis, Walker. Two females from Man Hsien. Tabanus monotaeniatus, Bigot. Two females from the same locality, rather smaller in size than usual, the abdomen being narrower, and reddish in colour. HAEMATOPOTA, Meigen. Haematopota lata, Ricardo. Four females from Man Hsien. CHRYSOPS, Meigen. Chrysops mlokosiewiczi, Bigot (Chrysops striatus, Wulp). A series of females from between Teagvueh and Tali Fu (J. Coggin Brown). The frontal callus is reddish yellow, not black. This species has a wide distribution in the Palaearctic and Oriental Regions, being recorded from China, Japan and Persia. Chrysops designata, Ricardo (p. 383, anfea). One female. For references to these species see Rec. Ind. Mus., vol. iv, No. vi, IQII, containing a revision of the species of Tabanus from the Oriental Region, and the same publication, vol. iv, No. viii, for species of Chrysops and other genera of Tabanidae. 1 The previous papers of this series appeared in Rec. Ind. Mus., v, p. 193 (1910), and vi, pp. 13 and 215 (1911). = — Cis _ ¥, ° Zs ‘ —— ® ¥ 4 MAL . é » F + Ww 2a) ¢ vay i a a) pA a nwt Poe oe 5 T Aa . eS! i ee hs at ere Oe ie eae « ; Vin : : = - ' ? Z 2 2 S a ae aa iy >. * - aay. ; |. go, Fu = aa < _ —_, he a v - : _ nt e8 7 ) ae i bate saved HUT OF anoiraass ae SLOLPOB LIC IHO Aaeka CARY z AWORD ME IOS ee sas 3 Forpi--pog 1 o enw sta 7 RACIAGAS 0 ty oe | soamanal, hae ee 4 ib : oe “Sei ahd Mad ATS aie rahe tue on mol spre owt tenis be Saiashe e fap Gee toe ae a jiudelnestogaa: aes wooo Bete, es pea 50th a WAHGI ss . Si i feeee nest ae deeiold A tOCT AMSA a i” tt Noel nek va rere: za laest ment tng r ae wank wsqoteeas th xe Cd a Ve EGE Rice vanO- Pei? high anke: adonrst sos Jcatyalieletaa L aapi eaBvEsT sy i. oT hat few RsnyREee: f wa eit stusl ted weliog. aeibhor et zi) ‘neists Breese eniad ohh wh roe iele: a. me! B seis bap asant apis? wey More Bert plemst out foot Fe .cuakison Sia telaab egonein® oe * c% (j : “| c Kobe ei see mesg? aoe as 2soesisiet ae Sin Tt le eoiieds ot Te moive? & ne pie ea walt «oh lov woltmoidur oniss s8t Dow poi gat T Sede ahi weebiusdal 26 s1snee 49 2440 Dies fee ai to goloeg ete pe eae ue 7 ee oe ost of fswasgge: Sorma ehhh te amgnd, svoraetey anti ae iter 218, Bae ey ate sive Pach loi gey oO od p T ae) 2 i i ’ % = — - “ ee 3 ae } ~ x = Pisin © = a ri» 7 € =~ he ee > = = v =~ = > s = > ~~ x = aaa 7 7 = 7 ay a7 ie a | 7 ‘i iT - ee ee ore” ae - _ ieee EXPLANATION OF PLATE XV. 1.—Chrysops designata. Zi 9 Star 2) ieee oa) ear a) o— 29 icra + BS) pellucida. dispar. flavocincta. stimulans. sinensis. fasciata. EK eC +a Ve mec id= Mus. Vol. IV, rorr. Piste CHRYSOPS, H.G. Herring. Bemrose.L*4, Derby. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVI. 8.—Udenocera brunnea. 9.—Gastroxtdes ater. 10.—Haematopota latifascia. II.— Br atomaria. 2 BS unmizonata, o. 13.— i unizonata, @ « 14.— » tessellata. 15.— i. cingalensts, to. ae brevis. ZV Rec. Ind. Mus. Vol. IV, fort. Plate UDENOCERA , GASTROXIDES, HAEMATOPOTA. H.G Herring. Bemrose.L4, Derby. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVII. . 17.—Haematopota fuscifrons. 18.— i rubida. 19.— re indiana. 20.— ; punctifera. 21.— a annandalet. 22.— Me dissimilis. 23.— validicornts. 24.— voralis. 25.— : javana. 6.— lata. “<3 Vain a Rec. Ind. Mus. Vol. IV, rorr. Plate #. HABRMATOPOTA. H.G. Herring. Bemrose.Lt4, Derby. ny " 1 ‘ ny } yi " ef Hy sm " } we avs ie} i i ca ngs we = wht ay < 7.328029 EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVIII. 27 5 B= e sinensts. See: coal <5 assamensis. ae OO sess * tvrorata. eet Siac inconspicua. iA oe en >» marginata. ie. 33-5 ss tmmaculata. BS ABA the aa sy bilineata. Rec. Ind. Mus. Vol. IV, Iori. ; Plate +. own, I ee seo ee HAEMATOPOTA. H.G. Herring. Bemrose.L4,Derb - Culicidae and Corethridae in the Indian Museum. Mdscellanea :—Measurements of the skeletons of two large Indian elephants in the Indian Museum. The young of Aclurus fulgens.. Some Batrachia recently added to the collection of the Indian Museum. Breeding habits of Tylototriton verrucosus. The occurrence of Rhinodon tvpicus at the head of the Bay of Bengal. Note on Ephydatia meyent (Carter). Part IV.—Aquatic animals from Tibet, I. Aculeate Hymenoptera in the Indian Museum, I. Indian Psychodidae. A new species of mouse from the Madura District, Madras. Some Cleridae of the Indian Museum. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, XII. A new species of Saw-Fish captured off the Burma Coast. A new Sting Ray of the genus Tvygon from the Bay of Bengal. New Microlepidoptera from India and Burma. Chrysomelid Beetles in the Indian Museum. Six new Cicindelinae from the Oriental Region. A new Slug from Tibet. Part V.—Revision of the Oriental Leptidae. Revised and annotated Catalogue of Oriental Bombylidae. Vol. III, 1909. Part I.—The races of Indian rats. Part II.—¥reshwater Sponges, X. Aquatic animals from Tibet, II. Some amphibious Cockroaches. Quelques nouvelles Cécidomyies des Indes. New land and marine _ shells from Ceylon and §. India. Two new species of Cavanx from the Bay of Bengal. Some little known Indian Ophidia. Some forms of Dipsadomorphus. A pelagic Sea-Anemone without tentacles. Rhynchota Malayana, II. Part III.—The Neuroptera in the Indian Museum. New Indian Leptidae and Bom- bylidae. The Trichoptera in the Indian Museum. New species and varieties of Freshwater Crabs, I—3. Lizards from Travancore. Three new Cicindelinae from Borneo. The relation between fertility and normality in Rats. A Barnacle of the genus Scalpellum from Malaysia. The Hemipterous family Polyctenidae: Freshwater Sponges, XI. Two new shells from S. India. A new genus of Phylactolaematous Polyzoa. Miscellanea :—Major Wall on some forms of Dipsadomorphus. Notes on Indian Batrachia. Notes on Indian Fresh- water Fish. Field notes on Indian Insects. The habits of Indian King-Crabs. The rate of growth in Conchoderma and Lepas. Large colonies of Hislopia lacus- tvis. Byrvanchiocerianthus imperatory von der Kiiste von Oman und Baluchistan, Pavt IV.—A_ minute Hymenopterous insect from Calcutta. The Insect Fauna of Tirhut, No. 1. New species of Botia and Nemachilus. New Oriental Sepsinae. A new species of Hvedericella from Indian lakes. New-species and varieties of freshwater crabs, 4. Some new or little known Mygalomorph spiders from the Oriental region and Australasia. : Vol. IV, 1910-1911. No. I.—Second report on the collection of Culicidae in the Indian Museum. Nos. II and III.—The Indian species of Papataci Fly (Phlebotomus). Taxonomic values in Culicidae. No. IV.—Revision of the Oriental blood-sucking Muscidae. No. V.—A new arrangement of the Indian Anophelinae. "No. VI.—A revision of the species of Tabanus from the Oriental Region, including notes on species from surrounding countries. No. VII.—New Oriental Nemocera. Miscellanea :—Synonymy in Corethrinae. Indian Phlebotomt. Vol. V, 1910. Part I.—The Hydroids of the Indian Museum, I. Freshwater Sponges, XII. New Shells in the Indian Museum from Burma, Siam and the Bay of Bengal. Mate rials for a revision of the Phylactolaematous Polyzoa of India. Studies on the aquatic Oligochaeta of the Punjab. An undescribed Burmese Frog allied to Rana tigrina. Miscellanea :—The occurrence of Vultur monachus in Calcutta. An albino Owl. ‘‘ Matla bengalensis’’ ; a correction. Pavt II.—Description d’Ophiures nouvelles provenant des derniéres campagnes de ‘‘l’Investigator’’ dans 1l’Océan Indien. Description d’Holothuries nouvelles appartenant au Musée Indien. The races of Indian rats, II, A new species of Scalpellum from the Andaman sea. Five new species of marine shells from the Bay of Bengal. Fish from India and Persia. t a r te = ihe Ay Spry + Paints (se: ieee rie A ae 1 At “ Ss 4 4 wf a Pavt IIJ.—A new genus of Psychodid Diptera from the Himalayas and Travancore. The Indian barnacles of the subgenus Smilium, with remarks on the classification of the genus Scalpellum. A subspecies of Scutigerella unguiculata, Hansen, found in Calcutta. The distribution of the Oriental Scolopendridae. Decapoda in the Indian Museum, I. A new species of Nemachilus from Northern India. The larvae of Tovorhynchites immisericors, Wik. A South Indian frog allied to Rana corrugata of Ceylon. Contributions to the fauna of Yunnan, Introduction and Part I. Miscellanea :—The Darjiling skink (Lygosoma sikkim- ense). Cockroaches as predatory insects. Note on Aedeomyia squammipenna, Arribalzaga. Named specimens of Chrysomelidae in the Indian Museum, Two barnacles of the genus Dichelaspis new to Indian seas. Slugs from the Eastern Himalayas. Pavt IV.—Indian Microlepidoptera. Some aquatic oligochaete worms commensal in Spongilla carteri. Bothrioneurum tris, Beddard. Nudibranchs from the Indian Museum. The classification of the Potamonidae (Telphusidae). Catalogue of the pheasants, peafowl, jungle fowl and spur fowl in the Indian Museum. Species of Palaemon from South India. Alluaudella himalayensis, a new species of degener- ate (d') cockroach, with an account of the venation found in the genera Cardax and Alluaudella. Rhynchota Malayana, III. Vol.oVi) 1919. Pavt I.—A Rhizocephalous Crustacean from fresh water and on some specimens of the order from Indian seas. Decapoda in the Indian Museum, I]. Contri- butions to the fauna of Yunnan, Parts II to V. Pedipalpi in the Indian Museum, I and II. Six new species of shells from Bengal and Madras. Mis- cellanea :—Fleas from India and China. Flies found associated with cattle in the neighbourhood of Calcutta. Mosquito sucked by a midge. Large egg laid by a beetle. Pavt II.—Some sponges associated with gregarious molluscs of the family Vermetidae. Aquatic animals from Tibet, III. Cyprinidae from Tibet and the Chumbi Valley, with a description of a new species of Gymnocypris. New species and varieties of Crustacea Stomatopoda in the Indian Museum. The development of some Indian Ascalaphidae and Myrmeleonidae. Miscellanea :—The occurrence of Dactylopius cityi, Risso, in the Himalayas, Note on Aquatic Rhynchota. Pavt III,—Nouveaux Chironomides de |’ Indian Museum de Calcutta. Pavi IV.—Indian Isopods. Systematic notes on the Ctenostomatous Polyzoa of fresh water. Some aquatic Oligochaeta in the Indian Museum. Contributions to the fauna of Yunnan, Part VI. Asiatic species of Crustacea Anostraca in the Indian Museum. Freshwater sponges, XIII. Méscellanea:—Synonymy in Corethrinae. The distribution of the different forms of the genus Jb/a. Other Publications edited and sold by the Superintendent of the India Museum (also obtainable from Messrs. Friedlander & Sohn) issued by the Director of the Royal Indian Marine, Illustrations of the Zoology of the R.I.M.S. ‘‘ Investigator ’’ 1892. Fishes, Plates I to VIE _ Crustacea, Plates I to V, 1894. Fishes, Plates VII to XIII. Crustacea, Plates VI to VIII. Ech - inoderma, Plates I to ida 1895. Echinoderma, Plates IV and V. Fishes, Plates XIV to XVI, ag Crustacea, Plates IX to XV, 1896. Crustacea, Plates XVI to XXVII, 1897. Fishes, Plate XVII, _ Crustacea, Plates XXVIII to XXXII. Mollusca, Plates I to VI, 1898. Fishes, Plates XVIII to XXIV. Crustacea, Plates XXXIII to XXXV. Mollusca, Plates VII and VIII, 1899. Fishes, _. Plates XXV and XXVI. Crustacea, Plates XXXVI to XLV, 1900. Fishes, Plates XXVII to p XXXV. Crustacea, Plates XLVI to XLVIII. Index, Part I, 1901. Crustacea, Plates XLIX to LV. Mollusca, Plates IX to XIII, 1902. Crustacea, Plates LVI to LXVII. -Crustacea, Plates _LXVIII to LXXVIL. Fishes, Plates XXXVI to XXXVIII, 1905. Crustacea (Malacostraca), Plates BeEXXVII to LXXIX. Crustacea (Entomostraca), Plates I and II. Mollusca, Plates XIV to XVIII, 1907. Fishes, Plates XXXIX to XLIII. Crustacea (Entomostraca), Plates III to V. _ Mollusca, Plates XTX and XX, 1908.—Re. 1 per plate. Mollusca, Plates XXI to XXIII, 1909.— As. 8 Be ‘plate. “3 “y RECORDS of the INDIAN MUSEUM | Vol. I, 1907. Part I1.—Contributions to the Fauna of the Arabian Sea. Heimiptera and Hymenup- tera from the Himalayas. Indian Freshwater Entomostraca. The Fauna oi Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, I—III. A Sporozoon from the heart of a Cow. Miscellanea :—The appendicular skeleton of the Dugong. An egg laid in captivity by a Goshawk. Melanic specimens of Barbus ticto. Two barnacles new to Indian seas. Mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles from Port Canning. Anopheles larvae in brackish water. Mosquitoes from Kumaon. Peculiar habit of an earthworm. : Part II.—Revision of the Oriental Stratiomyidae. An Oligochaete Worm allied to Chaetogaster. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IV. A Polyzoon from the Himalayas. Batrachia, Reptiles and Fish from Nepal and the Western Himalayas. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, V. Oriental Diptera, I and II. Miscellanea :—Gecko verticillatus in Calcutta. The distribution of Kachuga sylhetensis. ‘The distribution of Bufo andersont. Note on Rutilia nitens. Some Indian Cerambycidae. Some Indian Hemiptera. A preoccupied specific name in Macrothyixv. An enemy of certain Pearl Oysters in the Persian Gulf. The distribution in India of the African snail, Achatina fulica. Statoblasts from the surface of a Himalayan pond. Notes on Hislopia lacustris. Part III.—Marine Polyzoa in the Indian Museum. ‘The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VI. Earwigs (Dermaptera) in the Indian Museum. Oriental Diptera, III. A new snake from Nepal. Marketable fish from Akyab. Freshwater Oligochaete Worms from the Punjab. Phosphorescence in Marine Animals. The rats of Dacca, Eastern Bengal. Freshwater Sponges, I—V. Miscellanea :—The original home of Mus decumanus. Colour change in Hylo- bates hoolock. Eggs of Tylototriton verrucosus. The hosts of Tachaea spongil- licola. A second species of Dichelaspis from Bathynomus giganteus. Parvt IV.—Nudiclava monocanthi, the type of a new genus of Hydroids parasitic on Fish. Three new Nycteribiidae from India. Annotated Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. Oriental Diptera, IV. Freshwater Sponges, VI, VII. A new Cyprinid Fish of the genus Danio from Upper Burma. Miscellanea :—A colour variety of Typhlops braminus. Reptiles and a Batrachian from an island in the Chilka Lake, Orissa. ; ; Vol. II, 1908-1909. Part I.—Retirement of Lieut.-Col. Aleock. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, VII. A new Dictyonine Sponge from the Indian Ocean. Freshwater Sponges, VIII. Remarkable cases of variation, I. A new species of Lizard of the genus Salea, from Assam. ‘The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, ‘VII. A new Cavernicolous Phasgonurid from Lower Siam. New species of Marine and Freshwater Shells in the Indian Museum Oriental Syrphidae, I. A new variety of Spongilla loricata. Oriental Diptera, V. Miscellanea : ~Remarks on Simotes splendidus. Corrections to No. IV of ‘‘ Notes on Oriental Diptera.’’ The Isopod genus Tachaea. The habits of the Amphipod. Quadrivisio bengalensis. New varieties of Nanina berlangeyi and Corbicula fiuminalis. Recent additions to the Entozoa in the Indian Museum. A sub- fossil polyzoon from Calcutta. Corrections as to the identity of Indian Phylac- tolaemata. A peculiar form of Euglena. Part II,—Gordiens du Musée Indien. The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, IX. A new species of Danio from Lower Burma. Rhynchota Malayana, I. Cimex rvotundatus, Signoret. Freshwater Sponges, IX. Fruit Bats inhabiting the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelagos. A new species of Sun- Bird obtained near Darjiling. Three Indian Phylactolaemata. Two new species of Hagle-Rays (Myliobatidae). A new species of the genus Sesayma, Say., from the Andaman Islands. New species of and, Marine, and Freshwater Shells from the Andaman Islands. Part III.—The Fauna of Brackish Ponds at Port Canning, Leiter Bengal, X, XI. Oriental Solifugae. The difference between the Takin (Budorcas) from the Mishmi Hills and that from Tibet. Cavridina nilotica (Roux) and its varieties. A new species of Chavaxves !rom the Bhutan Frontier. First report on the collection of X. ANNOTATED CATALOGUE OF ORIENTAL CULICIDAE—SUPPLEMENT. By E. BRUNETTI. Almost immediately after the publication of my ‘‘ Annotated Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae ’’ ' I obtained access to a copy of the fourth volume of Mr. Theobald’s Monograph on this family, and to Mons. Blanchard’s copious work, ‘‘ Les Moustiques.”” Sub- sequent to these is a very lengthy and valuable paper on the Culicidae of the Malay States by Dr. G. F. Leicester (with a preface by Mr. C. W Daniels, Director of the Institute for Medical Re search) published by that Institution.? Also a long paper by Mr. ‘Theobald (‘‘ 2nd Revort on the Indian Museum Culicidae ”’).? I have also received a copy from Miss Ludlow of her thesis on the mosquitoes of the Philippines. The very consilerable list of additions and corrections of importance relating to Or ental species gleaned even from these five works alone render a supplement to my catalogue imperative, and the information contained in the present paper is mainly derived from these sources with the inclu- sion of the 5th volume of Theobald’s Monograph recently issued. The splitting of genera and species still continues to such extremes as to invoke the severe deprecation of more than one systematic dipterologist, more e pecially in th> case of groups higher than genera, of which, none of those recentlv erected in this family approach in zoological value groups of similar rank in the other families of Diptera. I have dealt elsewhere* with the quest’on of taxonomic values in Culicidae, and therefore need not recanitulate here any observations that apply only to nomenclature. In that paper was mentioned that in addition to the vast accessions in generic rank proposed by the new school of culicid students, new methods were adopted in presenting to others the results of their labours, and though I feel ill fitted to condemn or criticize, it does not seem entively out of place to sugzest that, in as many particulars as possible the generally accepted rules of zoological literature should be adhered to. Mr. Theobald’s methol in his Mo 1egravh of placing the author’s name after the quotation insteal of hefore it, renters it rather awkward to follow the data presented in this unusual 1 Rec Ind. Mus , i, 297—377 (1907). or aie from the Institute for Medical Research, Federated Malay States, vol. iii. 3 Rec Ind Mus., iv, 1—33 (1910). * ** Taxonomic values in Culicidae.’’ Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, §3 (1910). 404 Records of the Indian Museum. [ Wor. iV manner. Another serious inconvenience in referring to this author’s work is the index, where the genera themselves are alphabetically arranged, all the species of each genus forming a separate alpha- betical list under each generic name. ‘This plan is still retained even in the fifth volume. So, unless the student knows to which genus this author refers each species, he has to search the whole index. A single alphabetical list of specific names as is given in the valuable Catalogue of Diptera by Kertesz would have much facilitated reference, and the genus of each could have been entered in a second column. In Blanchard’s otherwise admirable work he adopts a very laborious method of quoting merely a reference date and letter (1g01a, 1902a, 1902b, etc.) for each paper of each author, thus necessitating an examination of his list of papers (given at the end of the book) every time a quotation is desired. The amount of additional and unnecessary labour entailed by this double reference is enormous. The habit of authors on Culicidae of allowing the female to take precedence of the male is in absolute defiance of zoological rule, and it is to be regretted that Dr. Leicester in his great paper on the Malay species, has continued this practice, even though he had before him males of the greater number of the species dealt with. In connection with this question it is well to mertion the case of the Anopheline mosquito known as cut/licifacies, Giles. Giles originally described under that name, what afterwards proved to be two distinct species (namely, his ~ is now known as turkhudz, Liston, and his 9 as culicifacies, Giles). Now, in accordance with the strict rules of zoological litera- ture, as I have always understood them, in such a case the name of the species is invariably retained for the ~, and a new name provided for the 2. This being so, the name culicifacies should have been retained for the male (now called turkhudi), and the female (still known as culicifacies) renamed. However, to avoid further confusion the synonymy was not altered in my catalogue nor in the present supplement, but it seems advisable to call attention to the fact and to protest against the 2 taking prece- dence of the ~ in such cases. A brief review of the recently published works on Culicidae may now be made. Mr. Theobald’s 4th volume (Monog. Culicidae World) contains notes (p. I) on the growing of Lemna minor, L. arrhiza and other duckweeds, on the surface of all unavoidable collections of water as a preventive against the breeding of mosquitoes. Mr. Green notes that they breed freely in the flowers of Heliconia brasiliensis. On p. 3 Mr. Theobald gives a list of the species that are known to be agents of infection. On p. 6 he gives Prof. Felt’s table for the identification of culicid larvae ; on p. 11, Dr. Dyar’s grouping and formation of genera by @ genitalia. As a criticism on the classification by larvae, Mr. Theobald remarks (referring to 1912. | E. BrunET?I1: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 405 Messrs. Dyar and Knab’s paper, in which only 3 sub-families are recognized ,—Anophelinae, Culicinae and Sabethinae), ‘‘ all other genera of Anophelinae are sunk as synonyms of Anopheles, but the authors raise one species—barbert of Coquillett, a species so close to bifurcatus that it is hardly separable—to generic rank, calling it Coelodiazests.”’ Mr. Theobald mentions their plates of portions of the larvae as being valuable for future work. On p. 14 Theobald mentions Coquillett’s classification of the family on adult characters, on p- 15 the proposed separation of Corethra and Mochlonyx from Culicidae, to form a separate family. Dr. Lutz’s classification is given on p. 15 followed by a modification of it by Theobald on p. 17; the latter writer being in favour of the separation of Corethva. The further notes of interest in Mr. Theobald’s work are mentioned under the genera and species to which they apply. In the 5th volume of his Monograph of the Culicidae Mr. Theobald reviews all the species included in the previous volumes. It is a huge work of over 600 pages, illustrated by 261 text-figures and six plates of wings, and contains descriptions of 2I new genera and 392 new species. It contains apparently lists of all known species in each genus (except those purposely excluded for given reasons) and presents them in tabular form. It is satisfactory to see the author deploring the brief nature of some authors’ description of their species, ‘‘ wholly inadequate for correct diagnosis,’’ and as certainly leading to much confusion and increased synonymy. He also, rightly enough, objects to new genera and species being created on larvae of which the adult forms are unknown, and he emphasizes this objection by ignoring the species thus erected by Messrs. Dyar and Knab on American and West Indian forms. It is curious that Theobald makes no reference either to the voluminous monograph on the Malayan Culicidae published by Dr. Leicester, nor does he apparently notice any of that author’s very numerous new species, mostly described from bred specimens. In one or two cases he quotes verbatim descriptions of species by other authors without notifying from which region of the globe they come. Blanchard in his ‘‘ Moustiques”’ (1905) devotes chap. 1 to the position of the Culicidae, chap. ii to the morphology and anatomy of the family, and chap. iii to their metamorphoses and habits. Notes on mosquito parasites occur on pp 132-135. A long chapter of nearly 300 pages, illustrated by 120 figures, is devoted to the systematic description of genera and species. Chapter v treats of the medical aspect, chap. vi of methods of prevention of attack and of extermination, and chap. vii of their collection, preserva- tion, breeding and mounting. An appendix giving recently des- cribed species a very complete bibliographical catalogue, and a copious index to the whole work completes the volume, which totals 673 pages. On p. 390 he givesa key to the new genera 406 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, contained in the 3rd volume of Theobald’s * Monograph which appeared whilst Blanchard’s work was in the press. Miss Ludlow’s paper on the connection between malaria and the occutrence of various species of mosquitoes in the Philippines contains very extensive information respecting their distribution. Many of the species appear widely distributed, Myzomyia ludlowit being reported from no less than 42 different localities in these Islands, M. indefinita from 26, M rossi, vanus, pseudo- harbirostris, funestus and barbirostris from ten or more localities each, besides other species from a lesser number of localities each. She notes that it is probable that some species may pass through the dry season as adults, hibernating amongst the dry vegetation, and also notes that in localities where the rainy season advances gradually, the Anophelinae are more numerous and exist in considerable numbers throughout a good part of the dry season, whereas in localities where the rainy season is introduced by very excessive and constant deluges they are markedly less in numbers, presumably by the breeding places of the insects in their earlier stages being washed away. “Four Anophelinae, funesta, barbivostris, fuliginosus, and ludloww . . . seem likely to be acting as hosts for the malarial parasite in the Philippines, and concerning Stegomyia calopus Mg.(= S. fasciata F.), Culex fatigans W., and Mansonia uniformis Theob.., there are too few data to judge if they be carriers of disease’’ (Ludlow). Regarding Stegomyia fasciata, the acknowledged sole carrier of yellow fever, this author significantly remarks: ‘‘ Yellow fever has so far never been present in the Philippines. The wide distribution of S. calopus (= S. fasciata F.) is, however, very suggestive taken in connection with the building of the Panama Canal, as to the result likely to follow, should vellow-fever-infected mosquitoes or patients in the proper stage of the disease reach the Islands.” Mr. G. F. Leicester in his important and extensive paper on * The Culicidae of Malaya”’ devotes over 250 pages to fully redes- cribing the mosquitoes of this region, including nearly a hundred new species. In his preface he notes that the 3rd volume of Theobald’s Monograph appeared just before the publication of his own work and that an appendix will be necessary, involving some changes of nomenclature, and that a further paper on the larval characters may eventually follow. In this paper he devotes 14 pages to the breeding grounds of mosquitoes with some notes on collecting and preserving them, but although he seems to have bred a great number of the species and fully described numbers of them from long series of fresh specimens he gives no definite dates of appearance. A further report by Theobald on the Indian Museum Culicidae (the 2nd) has recently been issued! in which four new genera and twenty-one new species are described. It has appeared 1 Rec, Ind. Mus., iv, 1—33 (1910). 1912.] E. BrRuNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 407 unnecessary to copy the whole of the data supplied in this author’s paper (which is easily accessible) in cases of very common or widely distributed species, especially if the localities therein given are already in my Catalogue. In such cases the species are reported in this paper as ** com- mon throughout India,’’ etc., as easy reference can be made to exact details. Major S. P. James in ‘‘ A new arrangement of the Indian Anophelinae”’ (Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 95—109) criticizes the evanescent nature of Anopheline genera, noting that if maculipennis, Mg., be the type of Anophcles, s. s., there is no Indian species of the genus. He divides the Indian Anophelina into two groups, those with. and those without abdominal scales. Of the Ist group he admits 4 genera—WNeostethopheles, gen. nov. (pl. i), with attkenz, James, as type; Myzomyia, Blanch. (pl. i), with culicifacies, Giles, as type ; Patagiamyia, gen. nov. (pl. i), type gzgas, Giles ; and Pyretophorus, Blanch. (pl. i), with palestinensis, Theob., as ‘‘ type example.”’! In the 2nd group he gives these genera: Nyssorhynchus, Blanch. (pl. ii), type maculatus, ‘Theob.; Myzorhynchus, Blanch. (pl iv), type barbirostris, V.Wulp; Cellia, Theob (pl. iii), type pzlcherrima. Theob.; Neocellia, Theob. (pl. ii1), type endica, Theob.; Aldrichia, Theob., type error, Theob.; Nyssomvzomyia, gen. nov. (pl. ii), type vOSS11, Giles - Christophersia, gen. nov. (pl. iv), type hallit. The two new genera proposed, Neostethopheles and Pata- giamyia, are not admitted in the present Catalogue, as my manu- script was practically completed when these genera were set up, and also because it is quite evident that the workers in mosquitoes are further off than ever from any definite agreement amongst them- selves as to either the number or the limits of the genera to be recognized.” The third genus proposed by James—Christophersia— is acknowledzed here as it comprises one species only, which has not previously been located in any other genus. In the 2nd edition of Messrs. James and Liston’s ‘‘ A Mono- graph of the Anopheline Mosquitoes of India’’ a good deal of additional matter is introduced. Their classification into Mega- rhinae, Limatinae, Anophelinae, Aedinae and Culicinae need not be criticised here. Their suggestion (p. 15) to make use of the botanical terms to describe the different shapes of the scales seems an excellent one, asthe terms now used are ambiguous and have not the same meaning for every author. Collecting and mounting are detailed, but it is certainly time that the method of using } The true generic type is costalis but has not been seen by James, and, as he remarks, the theracic scales mav be different. In any case hewever castalés must still rema‘n the tvpe of the genus, 2 In the ‘‘ Bulletin of Entomological Research” for Mav tori Mr J. W. W. Stephens calmly announces that ‘ A caref] examination with a pocket 'ens (1!) should enabl: you to state almost with certainty whether or no all the Anophe- lines you have caught are of the same species.’’ Yet those who have studied them for years are, as stated, still very much at variance as to specific limits. 408 Records of the Indian Museum. [ VOL. Ven cardboard discs should be abolished and neatly cut blocks of pith be substituted.! + The authors’ suggestion (p. 17) to ignore the legitimate claims of priority, cannot, of course, be sustained. One feature of this work is that the descriptions are drawn up without reference to sex, applying presumably to both, except where, here and there, a character is noted as present in one sex only. It is extraordinary how specialists in mosquitoes continue to wrongly name the veins, and especially what they call ‘‘ cross- veins.” In James and Liston’s work, the longitudinal veins are cor- rectly designated, but they speak of the short basal section of the 2nd longitudinal vein (before it takes its longitudinal course) as a cross-vein (the ‘‘ marginal’’). It is nothing of the sort, the mar- ginal cross-vein not being present in the Culicidae at all: and in those families in which it does occur it is always in the distal half of the wing. Again, James and Liston’s ‘‘ supernumerary cross vein’’ is merely the basal section of the 3rd longitudinal vein, and cer- tainly not a cross-vein at all. Their ‘‘ mid cross-vein’’ may be thus called though ‘‘ anterior ” cross-vein is the more correct term; and the posterior cross-vein they have happily correctly recognized. The subcostal cross-vein of James and Liston is not this vein at all, but the humeral cross-vein, the subcostal cross-vein not being present in the Culicidae, and in those families in which it does occur it joins the auxiliary and Ist longitudinal veins. There are only three cross-veins in Culicidae—the humeral, anterior and posterior. In speaking of the cells, James and Liston say that the ‘‘ areas enclosed between these branches ” (7.e., of the forked longitudinal veins, the 2nd and 4th) “‘ have received names ”’ (mentioning only the Ist submarginal, 2nd posterior and ‘‘ anal ’’ cells) but continue by cheerfully ignoring all the other cells as ‘‘ for our present pur- pose they need not be mentioned ’’! Moreover, they are wrong again in their ‘‘ anal’’ cell, which is really the ‘‘ 4th posterior’ cell. The anal cell is always behind or posterior to the 5th longitudinal vein, or the hinder branch of it when this vein is forked. Perhaps Theobald is most to blame for these errors, as being the pioneer of a false terminology. ‘This author’s ‘‘ supernumerary cross-vein’’ is merely the basal section of the 3rd longitudinal vein. He also figures the somewhat similar section of the 2nd longitudinal vein as a cross-vein, but gives it no title, either in c ; : The method I adopt for mounting all very small Diptera is to thrust the minute pin through the right side of the thorax, immediately below the dorsum, at such an angle that the point emerges from the left side immediately above or between the legs. It is then possible to view the greater part of both the dorsal and side surfaces without removing the specimen from the cabinet. 19gt2.] EE. Brunetti: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 409 the explanation of the figure (Monog., i, p. 18) or in the accom-. panying letter-press. 7 In the hope that it may be of service to those who have not sufficiently mastered the terminology of the veins in Diptera the present figure is offered, with the correct names of the veins appended. Colonel A. Alcock has recently published a paper on the classification of the Culicidae,! in which he deplores the undue rank apportioned to mere groups of species in this family, and recognizes Corethrinae as certainly belonging here, but follows Terminology of venation in Culicidac. C costa. a_ costal cell. S.C sub-costal or auxiliary vein. b_ sub-costal cell. 1 Ist longitudinal vein. c marginal cell. 2 2nd do. d_ ist sub-marginal cell. The two branches are termed the e 2nd do. anterior (or upper) and posterior f 1st posterior cell. (or lower) branch respectively. g 2nd do. 3. 3rd longitudinal vein, h 3rd do. 4 4th do. {oe 4th do, (The branches named as in the k anal cell. 2nd vein.) 1 axillary cell. 5 5th longitudinal vein. m_ st basal cell. (The branches named as in the n 2nd do. 2nd and 4th veins.) 6th longitudinal vein. humeral cross-vein. anterior (or ‘‘ mid,’’ or ‘‘ small ’’) cross-vein.? posterior (or ‘* hinder ’’ or ‘‘ large’’) cross-vein. ? SHO N the practice of other authors in instituting new terms by propos- ing the establishment of four sections: (1) Megalorhini (=the Mega- rhinae of Theobald), (2) Epialurgi (evolved from “ ague fever ’’ and ‘‘ work,”’ this group representing the Anophelinae of authors), (3) Culicales (— Culicinae, Heptaphlebomyinae, Dinoceratinae, Aedinae and Uranotaeniinae of Theobald), (4) Metanototricha 1 «* Remarks on the classification of the Culicidae, with particular reference to the constitution of the genus Anopheles,’’ Ann. Mag, Nat. Hist. (8), viii, No. 44, p. 240 (August I9I!1). 2 All three sets of terms have been used by good dipterologists but anterior and posterior are eminently the best fitted for permanent adoption since these - relative positions are constant in all wings in which both cross-veins are present, whereas the other terms are sometimes inappropriate. 410 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL IV; (= Trichoprosoponinae, Dendromyinae, Limatinae ot Theobald), ‘ this group being entirely conventional.”’ ! One of the most valuable points in the paper is the recognti- tion of most of the so-called ‘‘ genera ”’ as sub-genera only. I have endeavoured to retain the sequence of genera as near as possible to that followed in my Catalogue, for there is as yet, apparently no uniform agreement as to the disposition of many of the genera, even into the so called sub-families. Several genera admittedly hold intermediate positions, which clearly supports the contention that the less the number of genera in Culicidae, the more zoologically correct the classification. Res- pecting the value of the so-called species the present writer offers no opinion, but as authors are already speaking of ‘‘ Culex so-and- so, and its allies,’’ it is reasonable to conclude that considerable doubt exists still as to specific limits, and that the opinion ex- pressed four years ago in the introduction to my Catalogue that ‘‘a few more years careful study of the family is more likely to result in the reduction than otherwise of the total number of what today are regarded as distinct species’’ seems within posst- bility of realization. Four new ‘‘ generic’’ names are proposed in the present paper for names already preoccupied, and it is significant as showing how little culicidologists concern themselves with dipterological litera- ture. that three out of these five names should have been pre- viously used in the order Diptera itself ! ? Other names are so similar to long previously established ones that confusion is at least probable. Such are Popfea, Ludlow, closely resembling Poppfea, Stal. (1567), in Hemiptera; whilst two other recently established genera (non-Oriental) bear names re- matkably sim lar to others long established in other divisions of the animal kingdom. ‘These are Carrollia, Lutz, practically pre- occupied by Carvollia, Gray (1838), in Mammalia, and by Carolia, Cantr (1837), in Mollusca; also Ankvlorhynchus, Lutz, preoccu- pied by Ancylorhynchus, Schonh. (1836), in Coleoptera. Miss Ludlow has emended her generic name Calvertia to Calvertina (Can. Ent., xli, 234), it being preoccupied by Warren in Lepidoptera. There also exist two other very similarly named genera Calver- tius, Sharp, in Coleoptera and Calveria, Carp., in Echinodermata. During two tours made by me, one round the Punjab and north-western part of India in tg05 and one round the far east in 1906, I collectela certain number of Culicidae but paid no espe-ial attention to their capture or preservation, with the result that the condition of the specimens renders them practically b) 1 Col. Alcock now accepts for these groups the more appropriate names “* Megalorhinina,’’ ** Anophelina,’’ ‘‘ Culicina’’ and *‘ Metanototrichina ’’ (Bull Ent. Res., ii, p. 241, 1911). 2 A ff h instance was included :n the original MS of this paper — Aldvichsa, Theob. (preoccupied in Bombylid ie by Coquillett)—but in his last volume Theobald alters it 10 Aldvichinella This genus (Aldyichia) made another instance of ignored preoccupation in Diptera ! ¥91z.} EE. BRUNETTI: Catalogue o} Oriental Culicidae. 411 valueless for the cabinet. Mr. Theobald, however, most generously ‘ooked tnrough them and suggested the identity of a certain num- ber of the more easily recognized species, and the data referring to these are included in the present paper, mainly for the sake of recording the localities. These species are Myzomyza rossi, Giles ; Myzorhynchus sinensis, Wied. ; Desvotdya obturbans, Wk. ; Theo- baldiomyia (nom. nov. for Leucomyra) gelidus, Theob.; Culex fatigans, Wied. ; concolor, R. Des. ; tigripes, Grandpré ; impellens, Wlk. ; microannulatus, Theob. ; sericeus, Theob.; Mansonia annu- lipes, Wik. ; and Stegomyta fasctata, Fab. ADDLTIONS| COLE LIST OF “LITERATURE .ON ORIENTAL CULICIDAE. Adie, Major, 1904. Indian Medical Gazette, xxxix, June, No. 6. Aitken, E. H., ryo2 ‘‘ Notes ona Tour in the North Canara District of India in search of Mosquitoes,’’ Journ. Trop. Med., v, 325—327 ; 341—343- Alcock, Col. A., 1911 (August). ‘‘ Remarks on the classification of the Culicidae, with particular reference to the genus Anopheles,” Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), viii, No. 44, p. 240. Annandale, Dr. N., 1g11. ‘‘A new genus of short- beaked Gnats from Ceylon,’’ Spol. Zeyl., vii, 197. Blanchard, R.,1905. ‘‘ Les Moustiques; historie naturelle et medi- cale ’’’ (673 pp.). (Containsa very complete bibliography.) Brunetti, E., 1909 ‘‘ Oriental Culicidae’’ (reply to criticism of my catalogue), Can. Ent., xli 121. Id., 1910. ‘‘ Taxonomic values in Culicidae,’’ Rec. Ind. Mus., IV, 53- Id., 1911. ‘‘Synonymy in Corethrinae,’’ loc. ctt., iv, 317. Id., 1911. ‘‘ Further notes on Synonymy in Corethrinae,’’ doc. Cit NA 227 Dyar, Dr., 1905. A paper on the grouping of genera by the o genitalia, in Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vii, No 1. Dyar and Knab, 1906. ‘‘ The larvae of Culicidae classified as independent organisms,’’ Journ. New York Ent. Soc., Xiv, 169—2_0. Id., 1907. ‘‘ On the classification of the Mosquitoes,’’? Can. Ent.., MAKI, 47: Id., 1908. ‘‘ Notes on Mosquito work,’’ Can. Ent., xl, 309. (This is a short critical article on classification.) Eysell, Dr. Adolf, 1905. ‘‘ Sind die Culiciden eine Familie ? ’’ Archiv. fur Schiffs und Tropen Hygiene, ix 51—55. Felt, Prof., 1905. Bull. 97, Entom. 24, Divis. Entom. New York State Mus., 445. Ficalbi, 1896. The ‘‘ Revisione,’’ etc., quoted in my catalogue is from the Boll. d. Soc. Ent. Ital., vol. xxi, e¢ seg. (1888 et seq.), 300 pp., 4 plates. Giles, G. M., 1900. ‘‘ Species of Anopheles in Shanghai and Java,’’ Brit. Med. Journ., 1, 485. 412 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, Giles, G. M., Igor. *‘* Notes on Indian Mosquitoes,’’ Journ. Trop. Med., iv, 159. Id., tgo1. **A plea for the collective investigation of Indian Culicidae,’’ Journ. Bom. Nat. His. Soc., xiii; 592. Id., 1903. ** Note on Mansonia anopheloides,’’ Journ. Trop. Med. , Vi 5320: Id.. 1904. ‘* A revision of the Anophelinae,’’ being the rst Supp. to the 2nd Ed. of “ A Handbook of Gnats or Mosquitoes.” London, 47 pp., 8vo. [d., 1904 (Dec.). ** Notes on some collections of mosquitoes, etc., received from the Philippine Islands and Angola, with some incidental remarks upon classification.”’ Id., 1904 (Dec.). ** Notes on some collections of mosquitoes re- ceived from abroad,’’ Journ. Trop. Med., vii, 365—3609. Grinberg, K.. 1907. ‘‘ Die Blutsaugenden Dipteren.’’ Jena. James, S. P., Igt0 (Nov. 18th). ‘‘ A new arrangement of the Indian Anophelinae,’’ Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 95. James and Liston, r911. ‘‘ A Monograph of the Anopheline Mos- quitoes of India.” Calcutta. . Knab, F., 1907. ‘‘ Culicid characters,’’ Can. Ent., xxxix, 349. Laveran, 1901. ‘‘ Sur les culicides provenant de Hanoi’’ (Tonkin), Comp. Rend., liii, ggr. Id., tg01. “* Sur les culicides provenant de Haut-Tonkin,’’ loc. cit., 993. Lebredo, M., 1904. ‘‘Some observations on the anatomy of mos- quitoes,’’ Revista de medicine tropicale.. Havana. Leicester, G. F., 1908. ‘‘ Notes on the Culicidae of Malaya,’’ pub- lished in Studies from the Institute of Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, vol. iii, with prefatory notes by C. W. Daniels, and followed by (in the same volume, which contains papers by other authors bearing on the malarial aspect) another paper by Daniels containing notes on the mosquitoes on the eastern side of the Malay Peninsula. Liston, W. G., rgo01. ‘‘ The distribution of Anopheles in Ellichpur Cantonment, State of Berar,’ Ind. Med. Gaz., xxxvi, I29—132, and Journ. Trop. Med., iv, 164. Id., 1901. ‘* A year’s experience of the habits of Anopheles in El lichpur,’’ Ind. Med. Gaz., xxxvi, 361—366 and 441—443. Id., 1902. ‘‘ Classification of Anopheles in India,” Journ. Trop. Med., v, 146. Ludlow, 1902 (Aug. 23rd). ‘‘ Description of a new Anopheles,”’ Journ. Am. Med. Assoc. Id., 1902 (Sept.). ‘*‘ Two Philippine mosquitoes,’ Journ. New York Ent Sock, x. 127: Id., 1902 (Sept.). ‘‘ Notes on Culex annulatus,’’ Journ. N.Y. Ent. Soc. Id., 1905. ‘‘ Mosquito Notes,’’ No. 3, Can Ent., xxxvii, 94 and 129; No. 4, loc. cit., 385, and (1906) xxxvili, 132 (con- cluded). : Id., 1906. Id., No.5, .loe: (cit xxxvan, (367, and (1907) meexxixg 129 (continued), and 413 (concluded). 1912. ] E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Onental Culicrdae. 413 Ludlow, 1908. ‘‘ Mosquito Notes,’’ No. 6, loc. cit., xl, 32, 50, 331. Id., 1908 (Nov.). ‘‘ The Mosquitoes of the Philippine Islands.”’ Washington University. Id., 1909. *‘ Mosquito comment,’’ Can. Ent., xli, 21. Id., id. ‘*‘ New Philippine Mosquitoes,” loc. cit., 97. Id., id. ‘‘ Mosquito observations,”’ loc. ctt., 233. Id., id. ‘* Anopheles perplexens,’’ loc. cit., 293. Lutz, 1904. ‘‘ Mosquitos do Brazil.” Mitchell, Miss Evelyn Groesbeeck, 1907. ‘* The classification of the Culicidae,’’ Can. Ent., xxxix, 198. Page, H., 1906. ‘‘ Malaria and Mosquitoes at Lucena Barracks, Philippine Is,’’ Journ. Assoc. Milit. Surg., xix, 65—76. Peryassa, Dr. Antonio Goncalves. 1908. ‘‘Os Culicideos do Brazil.’’ Rio de Janeiro, 400 pp., 26 plates. Ross. Major Ronald, 1899. ‘‘ Life history of the parasites of malaria,’ Nature, lx, 322—324. Id., 1900 (Mar. 29). ‘‘ Malaria and Mosquitoes,”’ Joc. cit., 1xi 522—527. Theobald, F. V., 1905. ‘* New Culicidae from India, Africa, Bri- tish Guiana and Australia,’’ Journ. Econ. Biol., i, pl. i. Id., 1907. ** Monograph of the Culicidae,”’ iv, Brit. Mus., London. Td., 1908. ‘‘ First report on the collection of Culicidae and Core- thridae in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, with descriptions of new genera and species,’’ Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 287—302. Id., 1909. ‘‘ Second report, zd. id. id.,”’ Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, I—33. Id., 1910. ‘‘ Monograph of the Culicidae,’’ vol. v, 646 pp., 5 plates, British Museum, London. Williston, S.W.,1906. ‘‘ The classification of the Culicidae,”’ Can. Ent., xxxviii, 384.1 N.6b.—To my catalogue, the following addition should be made on p. 302, line 13, after the word ‘‘ sufficient ”’ :— ‘“ Coquillett in 1906 (Tech. Sc., ii, Bureau of Entom, U. S. Dept. Agric.) sinks Aedeomyinae and Haemagoginae in Culicinae, retaining Anophelinae, Megarhininae, Psorophorinae, Culicinae, Deinoceratinae, Uranotaeniinae and Trichoprosoponinae.”’ 5) ADDITIONS TO LIST OF LOCALITIES. Berars .. Central India. Bukit Kutu .. 3,400 ft., Federated Malay States. Chittagong .. Eastern Bengal. Cochin State .. south India. Deccan 7. Ania. Deesa .. West Central India. Dehra Dun .. Foot of Mussoorie Hills (W. Himalayas). Jugra .. Onthe Langat River, on a solitary hill (1,000 ft.), Federated Malay States. Kangra Valley .. 4,500—4,800ft., Punjab (W. Himalayas). 1 Not relating to Oriental species, but a severe criticism of present-day taxonomy in this family. 414 Records of the Indian Museum. Kawkareik Klang Kumaon Laguna Lake Chilka Luzon Maddathorai Mandalay Manipur Mindanao Moulmein Pallode Pangkor Laut Phagu of Port Swettenham Puri Raub Rizal +55 Shasthancotta .. Shencotta Soerabaya Sukwani Tayabas Thaumaspur ‘*The Gap” Theog Travancore Trivandrum Ukhrul Ulu Gombak Ulu Klang [VOL Iv: Base of Dawna Hills, Tenasserim, Lower Burma. On the Klang River, Federated Malay States. In Western Himalayas, embracing Naini Tal and Bhim Tal. One of the Philippines. Orissa, east coast India. The principal island in the Philippines, containing Manila. Travancore State, South India. Upper Burma. 6,400 ft., Assam. Oue of the Philippines. Tenasserim, Lower Burma. Travancore State, South India. Malay Peninsula. 9,000 ft., near Simla. Selangor, Federated Malay States. Coast town in Orissa. Federated Malay States (Pahang). One of the Philippines. Travancore State, South India. Travancore State, South India. City at eastern extremity of Java. Nepal near Bengal frontier. One of the Philippines. Nepal (Terai, base of Himalayas). Pass between Selangor and Pahang, Fede- rated Malay States. Near Simla. State in Scuth India. Capital of Travancore State, South India. 6,400 ft., Manipur State, Assam. 13 miles from Kuala Lumpur, Selangor. Near Kuala Lumpur. CATALOGUE. CULICIDAE. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES.—Blanch., Moust., r5r (tab. gen. in Culicidae). Sub-Family ANOPHELINAE. App. ReF.—Blanch., Moust., 157 (sub-fam. chars.). Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 22 (tab. genera), 24 (list of known spp.—16+1 uncertain), 25 (tab. known spp.). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 18 (tab. genera). 1Q12. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 415 ANOPHELES, Meig. App. Rer.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, Ig. James and Liston, Monog. Anoph. Mosq. Ind., 2nd Ed., 4o. N.B.—Col. Alcock recognizes seven groups—which he regards as sub-genera only—covering all the species of the Anophelinae, which according to him should all be comprised in a single genus. These sub-genera are, Christya, Arribalzagia, Myzomyia, Ano- pheles, Myzorhynchus, Nyssorhynchus and Chagasia. ‘Two quota- tions verbatinu appear advisable: ‘‘ For the sake of convenience the species that compose the genus may be grouped in sub-genera according to the following table; but the groups, though they can be defined with sufficient precision, grade into one another.”’ Atl these considerations justify the conclusion that the so- -called ‘ genera’ of the proposed ‘ sub-family ’ Anophelinae cannot be separately focussed as distinct generic conceptions, but must all be merged in one generalization.’’ In the sub-genus Anopheles, Alcock includes Stethomyta, Theob., Neostethopheles, James, Patagiamyia, James, and Cvclolepidopteron grabhami, Theob. A. aconita, Don. (aconittus). Removed here trom Mvzomvia by Theobold (Monog., v) saying that Donitz says (Zeits. fur Hygiene, xliti, 233) that A. jormosaensis, Tsuzuki, from North Formosa is only a variety of aconita, and proposes to change the name (t!nnecessarily) to cohaesa. It trans- mits malaria. James and Liston put it in their new genus Neostetho- pheles. A. aitkenii, James in Theob. ADDITIONAL LOcALiIty.—Meenglas, Dooars, Jalpaiguri, 9-viti- 07 (Wallich], a » and @ in Indian Museu n the only specimens seen by Theobald since describing the species. A. barianensis, James, IQII. Monog. Anoph. Mosq. Ind., 2nd Ed., 70. Loc.-- Murree Hills, Punjab (7,000 ft.). Taken by Assistant Surgeon J. L. Wredden. A. dthali, Patton. Now referred by Theobald to Myzomyta. A. formosaensis, Jsuzuki, 1902. Archiv. f. Schiffs u. Tropen Hygiene, vi, 289. I am still in doubt as to what is meant by this specific name, not being able to consult the original descriptions. Apparently 416 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vox. IV, there are two species of the same name by the same author from North and South Formosa respectively, the former being synony- mous with aconita, Don. (according to Donitz himself, who suggests renaming it var. cohaesa), and the latter being apparently specifi- cally distinct, as Theobald (Monog., v, 84) quotes it as ‘* formosa- ensis II,’’ though he is unable to place it generically. A. farmosus, Ludl., 1909. Can Ent ssxli.22- 9); Theob., Monog., Culic., v, 8, 2. Miss Ludlow notes (Mosq. Phil. Is., 10) the above species as shortly to be described, the description appearing in due course as quoted above. She says it is the only species in the Philippines belonging to Anopheles (s. strv.). Theobald has not seen it and suggests it may not be Anopheles. From Benguet, Ph. Is., March 1908. A. gigas, Giles. App. REer.—Blanch., Moust., 184 (Myzomyra 1d.). App. Loc.—Ceylon [E. E. Green]; Deesa, W. Centr. India [Maj. Nurse]. N.B. —This is made the type of James and Liston’s new genus Patagiamyta. A. immaculatus, Theob. Type in British Museum. A. lindsayi, Giles. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., i169. App. Loc.—Dehra Dun (Mussoorie Hills, foot) [Thomson]; Ferozepore (Punjab) [Maj. Nurse}. Type in British Museum. var. maculata, Theob., I1gto. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, I. ‘‘ A very distinct variety.” Kurseong (5,000 ft.), 5-vii-o8, a perfect 2 [Annandale]. Type in Indian Museum. A, simlensis, James and Liston, IgIt. Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., 41. This species, with gigas, Giles, and lindesayi, Giles, is placed by the authors in their new genus Patagiamyia, but as this genus is not admitted in this Catalogue, simlensis is referred to Anopheles. 1912. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Orienta! Culicidae. 417 A. treacherii, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 19, 7 9. N.B.—Described from a series bred from larvae taken in hill- side streams in jungle. Amongst the notes the author says: ‘* This species is widely distributed in the Peninsula. . . . ° It is a blood sucker; it will not breed in captivity. and the larvae, unless mature, usually die.’’ A. wellcomei, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 33 2. Described from several 2 2, all slightly damaged. Type in British Museum. PATAGIAMYIA, James, roto. Rec. Ind. Mus.; iv, 98. James and Liston, Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., 41. This genus is not adopted in the present Catalogue. James and Liston make gigas, Giles, the type species, the other Indian species being lindsayi, Giles, and szmlensis, James. all herein referred to Anopheles. NEOMYZOMYIA, ‘Theob., 1910. Monog. Culic., v, 29. N. elegans, James in Theob. Anopheles elegans, James and Liston, Anoph. Mosq. Ind., 82. Myzomyia id., Theob., Monog. Culic., iii, 51. Pyretophorus id., id., op. cit., iv, 77. Theobald redescribes the species in vol. v, 30, 7 2 with two figs. of the 2 wing, giving other details. Locs.—Karwar (Bombay Presid.) [Coghzl/]; Andaman Is. | Ray White|, Meenglas, Jalpaiguri [Wallich}. N. leucophyrus, Don. Nyssorhynchus id., Blanch., Moust., 213, 2 . Myzomyta td., Leices., Culic. Malaya, 28, 7 @. N.B.—The latter author describes both sexes (the @ for the first time) from a large series bred from larvae from water in open bamboos in jungle. ‘The species is wholly sylvan, and is removed to this genus by Theobald (Monog., v, 44). MYZOMYIA, Blanch. App. ReErs.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 41 (list of known species—20), 42 (table of spp.). 418 Records of the Indian Museum. [VorL. IV, Leices., Culic. Malaya, 23, o &. James and Liston, Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., 40. N.B.—Col. Alcock sinks Neomyzomvia, Theob., Pyretophorus, Blanch., and Nvssomyzomyia, James, in Myzomyza. M. albirostris, Theob. App. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 23, 7 2. Type in British Museum. N.B.—Leicester savs that the larva occurs in small running streams with grassy edges. It is a blood sucker, and is easily identified when fresh by the parti-coloured proboscis. In bungalows, Kuala Lumpur. M. annularis, Wulp. I can glean no further information about this species, the type of which, described from Java, should be in the Leyden Museu.n. Theobald does not mention it in his 5th volume. M. azriki, Patton. App. Rrer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 27, # 2, figs.o 2 palpi and palmate hair. M. christophersi, Theob. Admitted as a good species by this author (Monog., v) who adds the following localities : Sylhet, 2-v-5 [Ha//]; Kangra Valley ; Meenglas, Jalpaiguri, 13-vii-o7 [Wallich|; Calcutta, 2 2 2 | Alcock}. M. culicifacies, Giles. App. Rrer.—Blanch., Moust., 182, 2. Theob., Monog. Culic., ii, 309 ; ili, 39 ; iv, 51; v, 25. App. Locs—Mandalay, ~ 2 in bathroom, 13—14-ili-08 | Annandale|; Lucknow, 21-i-08 [Hdgart] ; Deesa| Nurse]; Enuur, Goa. Bombay, Secunderabad, Aurangibad (Hyderabad State), Deccan (all in India and all ¢. Theobald). Type in British Museum. N.B—This varies greatly in size. I do not know what Blanchard’s @ of this species is. In the introduction to this paper some remarks are made as to the name of this species. M. deceptor, Don. Theobald removes it here from its vague position in ‘‘ A no- pheles’’ (Monog. Culic., v) and adds Trincomalee, Ceylon [Green], as a locality. 1912.] EE. Brunerti: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 419 M. dthali, Patton. Also referred here from ‘‘ Anopheles ’’’ by Theobald (Monog., v). M. elegans, James. Referred to Neomyzomyta. M. funesta, Giles. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 180,7 2. N.B.—In his 4th volume Mr. Theobald definitely confirms kumasti, Chalmers, as synonymous with M. funesta, Giles, and remarks that it has not yet been found in India. Miss Ludlow records this species from Samar, Laguna, Pan- gasinan, Pampanga, Tayabas, Mindanao, Sciassi, Rizal, and other localities in the Philippine Islands, where it appears to occur all the year round except during March and April. ““ A proven host of the malarial parasite in Africa, with a moderate distribution in the Philippines ; is always taken where malaria is present or prevalent’’ (Ludlow). The types of the varieties uwmbrosa and sub-umbrosa are in the British Museum. M. indefinita, Ludl., 1904. M. rossii var. indefinita, Ludl., Can. Ent., xxxvi, 299. App. Rrer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 47. N.B.—Now accepted as a good species, although at one time considered intermediate between vossii and Judlowtt, Miss Ludlow records it from all parts (26 different localities) of the Philippines, where it occurs all the year round. This author says, “‘ Never the subject of experiment, though widely distributed, taken in large numbers, and present during malarial outbreaks ; does not occur alone in a sufficient number of stations to be indi- cative, and its ability as host must be left in doubt.” Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. M. jehafi, Patton. App. RrF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 22, figs. of w ? palpi and palmate hair. M. leptomeres, Theob. Giles, in his ‘‘ Revision of the Anophelina ” (1904) thinks this = Anopheles pictus, Lw. (1845), but Theobald (Monog., iv, 124, and v, 29) says that his (Theobald’s) species is nothing like Loew's description. Type in British Museum, 420 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vior,SiVE M. leucophyrus, Don. Removed to Neomyzomyia. M. listoni, Liston. App. Re¥F.—Myzomyta christopherst, Theob. Blanch., Moust., 183. App. Loc.—Kangra Valley (Punjab, 4,800 ft.), May, June, July [Dudgeon]; Berars (Centr. India) ; Ceylon [Green]. Under the name christophersit, Theob., Mr. Theobald (Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 2) gives the localities Sylhet, 2-v-05 [Hall]; and Jalpaiguri, 13-viii-o7 [Wallich]. N.B.—Mr. Theobald (Monog., iv, 51) sinks this name for his own chyristopherst, and remarks, ‘‘ The name /istont was used by Giles for a large variety of culicifacies, so Liston’s name cannot stand.” Even if the variety referred to is sufficiently distinct to be considered as such, and constant enough to be accorded a name (and Mr. Theobald does not rank it as such), there is no reason why the name should not be given elsewhere to a distinct species. Liston’s description holds priority. In describing the species, I take it that he considered he was describing the species named after him by Giles (U/stonz, Giles, 1901, Ent. Month. Mag., xxxvii, 197); therefore now that the error is discovered, and it is known to be a different species, the name should surely be retained, Capt. Liston’s mistake absolving him from being considered to have purposely named the species after himself. M. ludlowi, Theob. Apparently occurs all the year round all over the Philippines from the long list of dates and localities afforded by Miss Ludlow, who records it from forty different places in these Islands. Also found in the Malay States. ‘‘ Never a subject of experiment, appears coincident with malaria in the Philippines, and seems likely to be connected with its transmission ’’ (Ludlow). However, in a footnote (Mosq. Phil. Is., p. 30) she adds that since writing her paper, two articles have appeared, by Capt. Ashburn and Lieut. Craig, and by C. S. Banks, the results of the investigation of the first authors being against the probability of malaria being actually spread by this insect; whilst the last author proves at least its capability by actual experiments of transmitting the disease. James and Liston desire to place this species in their new genus Nyssomyzomyta. Type in British Museum. M. punctulata, Don. Removed by Theobald to Cellia. IgI2. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 421 M. punctulata, James and List. This is not claimed to be a new species, and the only infer- ence is that it is Donitz’s species redescribed, though why these authors rele@gate the name to themselves is certainly not obvious. MI. rosisi, Giles. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 178, 7 @, fig. 162, wing; 163, transverse veins. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 25, 7 2. N.B.—In Monog., iv, errata, Mr. Theobald says “‘ This species has been found on recent microscopic examination to belong to a distinct genus from Myzomyia, owing to the peculiar squamose characters of the thorax. The genus is being described by Mr. Rothnell as Pseudomyzomyia.” I have seen no description anywhere of this proposed genus Pseudomyzomyia and Theobald does not mention it in his Monog., vol. v. James and Liston (Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., 44) propose to erect the name Nyssomyzomyza in its place, for the reception of vossii, ludlowi, Theob., and punctulata, ‘“‘ James and List.,’’ but for reasons previously stated the genus is not recognized here. Anyway, should Pseudomyzomyia actually have been published anywhere and cover the same set of species it is impossible to throw out the genus at James and Liston’s desire for the purpose of adopting a new name of their own. Theobald, in his “‘rst Rep. Ind. Mus. Coll. Culic.’’ (Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 287), retains the species in Myzomyia without comment and in his 2nd Report does so also. Leicester (Culic. Malaya) says the larvae occur in any small collections of stagnant water near houses, giving as localities, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, Penang, Klang, and notes that its only affinity in Malaya is albirostiris. Miss Ludlow records it from the Philippines nearly all the year round, saying ‘‘ Doubted as a host in India; has a moderate distribution, is taken infrequently and in small numbers in the Philippines, and its connection with malaria is not indicated.” App. Locs.—Laguna, Mindanao, Albay, Pangasinan, Tayabas, Pampanga, Batangas, Bulacan, Bataan, Cavite, Rizal [all Phil. Is. ¢. Ludlow]. Calcutta apparently all the year round; I have taken it there in April, June, July and August. In the Indian Museum collection [¢. Theob. | from Purt, Ganjam lake district, Travancore State (several localities, taken by Dr. Annandale, 5—25-xi-o8) ; Ferozepore, Chittagong [Had/], and on board ship ten miles off Coconada, Madras coast, 17-iv-08 [Paiva]; Lucknow, 4-ix-05 [Brunettt]. Theobald adds ‘‘ one example from Calcutta, quite typical. was labelled stating that it was determined by Giles as Anopheles costalis, he does not mention this in his handbook.”’ Mr. Green says this species is probably the malaria carrier in parts of Ceylon, especially the Batticaloa district. 422 Records of the Indian Museum. [ VOE.-EY¥- In his last volume Mr. Theobald gives a long list of localities from Indian Museum specimens, showing it to be found in India practically all the year round, rarest in February and March, occurring frequently in houses and public conveyances. He adds as localities: Trincomalee, Ceylon, 14—28-i-07 ; T-ii-o7 ; 1-x-07 [all Green] ; Phrapatoon, Siam, 18—29-i-07 ; Ig—29- iii-o7 ; viii and ix-o6 [all Dv. P. G. Woolley]; Chittagong, 19-ix-08 ; 21-ix-08 ; 5-vii ; 8-vili [all Hall). Type in British Museum. M. tessellata, Theob. Tvpe in British Museum. M. thorntoni, Ludlow. App. Loc.—Philippines (August, ¢. Theob.); Mindanao, Pangas- inan, Tayabas, Pampanga, Samar, Rizal (all Phil. Is., Feb. and May to November, ¢. Ludlow). M. turkhudi, Liston. App. Rer.—Blanch., Moust., 183. App. Loc.—Aurangabad (Hyderabad State, India). N.B.—Tvpe in British Museum, Mr. Theobald’s description of the ~ was drawn up from Giles’s type, which at that time was considered to be the @ of culicifactes, Giles, and which was first described as such by both Giles and by Theobald. Vide note in introduction on Myzomyia culicifacies. NYSSOMYZOMYIA, James. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, ror. James and Liston, Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., 43. Proposed by the above authors for the three species rossiz, Giles, /udlow:, Theob., and punctulata, ‘‘ James and List. ,” and their suggestion is that it takes the place of the genus Pseudomyzomyia, a genus spoken of by Mr. Theobald, but apparently never described. The three species in question are retained here under Myzo- myia (I presume their punctulata is identical with Donitz’s species). . NEOSTETHOPHELES, James, rgro. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 98. James and Liston, Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., 4o. I have not adopted this genus, with others erected in the above work, but these authors place two species only in it, aitkeni, James, and culiciformis, James and Liston. 1912.] EE. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 423 STETHOMYIA, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic , iv, 59, and v, 35 (tab. of 4 known spp.). N.B.—Messts. James and Liston in their latest work suggest the abolition of this genus.! S. culiciformis, James and Liston. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 62 (J. and L.’s descr. copied). N.6.—He doubttfully retains (even in vol. v) the species in this genus. The ~ is mentioned once or twice in the description, but it is not definitely stated that this description applies to both sexes. Placed in their new genus Neostethopheles by James and Liston. S. fragilis, Theob. Type in British Museum. S. pallida, Ludlow. Recorded by this author from Pampanga (Phil. Is.), Sept. 1905. PYRETOPHORUS, Blanch. App. REeF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 63 (list of species), 64 (tab. of spp.). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 37. James and Liston, Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, end Wd: -Ar- N.B.—In vol. v Theobald quotes Howardina, not Howardia, as his reference in Journ. Trop. Med., v, 181. I cannot say which is correct. P. elegans, James. Removed to Neomyzomyta. P. freerae, Banks. Theobald (Monog., v, 43) thinks from the description that this may be a Nyssorhynchus. Only the imperfect type specimen seems known. P. minimus, Theob. App. Rrer.—Blanch., Moust., 188, 2 , fig. 169 (wing and trans verse veins). 1 Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., p. 39. 424 Records of the Indian Museum. _ [Vor. IV, N.B.—Its place in this genus is uncertain, owing to the bad condition of the type. Giles places it here; Blanchard says, “near Myzomyia funesta.”’ P. nigrifasciatus, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 65,2. From India, taken by Major Nurse at Peshin in April. Resembles Myzomyia turkhudi, Liston. Also occurs in Cyprus. Type in British Museum. P. nursei, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 66, 2. Taken by Major Nurse at Quetta in November, a unique specimen resembling nigrifasctatus. Type in British Museum. P. watsonii, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 38,2. A single 2 taken by Dr. Watson in jungle a few miles from Klang. MY ZORHYNCHUS, Blanch. App. Rer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 81 (list and table of the 16 known species). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 29. N.B.—Theobald thinks it probable that malaria contracted in the open is generally accountable to species of this genus. One Japanese species (s7wensts) has been shown by Tsuzuki to carry malarial parasites in Japan. Col. Alcock embodies Lophoscelomyia, Theob., in Myzorhynchus. M. albotaeniatus, Theob. App. REF.—alboannulatus, James and Liston, Anoph. Mosq. Ind: SE: ADD. Syn.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 34,2. N.B.—\Warvae in pools near Kuala Iumpur, and in pools at Port Swettenham within tidal influence, and with a salinity of 2‘8 per 1,000: Type in British Museum. M. barbirostris, V. Wulp. App. RreF.—Blanch., Moust., 197. 1912.] E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue.of Oriental Culicidae. 425 Leices., Culic. Malaya, 33, 72. App. Locs.—Calcutta, December, 1 2 [Ind. Mus. coll.]; Pam- pasinan, Daraga, Tayabas, Mindanao, Bataan, Nueva Kcija, Rizal, Siassi, Pampanga (all Phil,-Is.,;, Feb.;’ March, June to December) [¢. Ludlow]; Kuala Iumpur (in bungalows), Klang (in jungle) [¢. Letcester] ; Phrapatoon, Siam, 24-iii-07 [Dr. Woolley] ; Nedumangad, 10 miles N.E. of Trivandrum, S. India, 14-xi-08 [Annandale]; Assam, 15-i-07 [Hall]; Chittagong, 15-viii-o8 [| Hall]; Andaman Is. (1908) [Ray White] ; Digoel (in Amsterdam Museum), and taken on the New Guinea Expedition [all ¢. Theob.]. Type in Leyden Museum. N.B.—Dr. Leicester says the larva can be found in any large open water, and adds, ‘‘ The larva described by Theobald in vol. iii is, in my opinion, the larva sinensis and not barbirostris.” Theobald says malarial parasites can develop in this species but rarely do so in nature. The larvae of the true form live in dark pools of all depths, with or without vegetation. M. minutus, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 87. App. Syn.—Anoph. nigerrimus, Giles, in James and Liston’s (1900) Anoph. Mosq. India, 79, 2 , col. pl. iii (full insect). App. Loc.—Kuala Lumpur [Durham]. Type in British Museum according to Theobald’s 5th volume, but he previously informed me that it was lost. N.B.—‘ The larvae are usually found in deep shady pools, containing grass and water-weed, at some distance from habita- tions, and the adults are seldom met with in houses’’ (James and Liston); The larval characters given by these authors (loc. czt., p. 81) refer to the present species and not to the true nzgerrimus, Giles, a species which is quite distinct, but which has been confused with minutus. The embryos of Filaria bancrofti can develop in this species. M. nigerrimus, Giles. Abb. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 197. Type in British Museum. M. peditaeniatus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 31,07 . Described from a large series bred from larvae, which occur in any large collection of water, if not very stagnant, in the Malay Peninsula. 420 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vous TV, M. philippinensis, Ludl. Removed to Nyssorhynchus. M. pseudobarbirostris, Ludlow. App. Rrer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 83, 2. N.B.—Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. Closely allied to barbivostris, Wulp. Miss Ludlow records it from Marinduque, Mindanao, Ambos Camarines, Pangasinan, Bulacan, Tayabas, Cavite and Rizal, all in the Philippines, appearing apparently from May to October. M. separatus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 36 (sex not mentioned). Bred by the author from larvae from large collections of water in the open near Kuala Lumpur. ‘‘ It may be a variety of sinensis.’ WI. sinensis, W. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 190, 2 , fig. 170 (wing scales). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 30,0 2. ADD. Syn.—Anoph. plumiger, Don., Ins. Borse, Jan. rgor. Anoph, jesoensis, ‘Tsuzuki, 1902, Centr. fiir Bakteriol., xxxi, 703. App. Locs.—Hong-Kong, Malacca, Java, Sumatra [all ¢. Blanchard] ; Calcutta, vi, vii, viii, 1908, in bathrooms at Museum [Annandale]; at light on board steamers at Damukdia Ghat, R. Ganges [Annandale] ; Sylhet, i, ii, v, vi, vii [Hall] ; Manipur (6,400 ft.), vili-o8 [Pettigrew]; Ferozepore [Adie]; Maddathorai, r¢-ix-0g [Annandale] (all in Ind. Mus. coll., identified by Theobald) ; Jolo (September) and Rizal (August), Phil. Is. [¢. Ludlow]; Shanghai, 8—10-v-06, in ditch [Brunett?]. Theobald adds the following localities in his vol. v : Phrapa- toon, Siam, vili, ix [Dv. Woolley] ; Pampanga, Angeles, Ph. Is. |Whitmore]; West Lake, Hankow [Cornford]; Ukhrul, Manipur (6,400 it.), vilt-o8, 20—26-1-03 , 23-ii-05, 27-v-00, 4——7-vi-05 [ Petti- grew]; Sylhet, 13-1-03, 13-1-04, 24-vii-o8 [Hal/] ; Ferozepore[A die] ; Calcutta, 9-vi-08, vili-o8, 28-vii and g-vi-o8 [Annandale]; Madda- thorai, S. India, 18-ix-08 [Annandale]. N.B.—Dr. Leicester says, ‘‘larvae taken in ponds and road- side ditches, both in town and country.”’ Miss Ludlow reports, ‘“‘ a proven host in India; has been taken at too few stations to show that it affects markedly the malarial conditions of the Islands’’ (Philippines). Dr. Leicester includes under this specific name, vanus, Wlk. Respecting pseudopictus, Grassi (a European species), Theo- bald still (Monog., iv, 87) considered it distinct from sinensis, W.., 1912.] E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 427 with pictus, Ficalbi, for a synonym, but in vol. v he suppresses this synonym. Amongst the uncertain species ranked under ‘‘ Ano- pheles ” he places ‘‘pictus, Lw.’’ He gives no further information about his Myzomyta indiensts. M. sinensis has been studied in Japan, where it has been found to transmit malaria. It is very variable. M. umbrosus, Theob. App. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 35,2. He notes only one example, from jungle near Kuala Lumpur, *< very like barbirostris.” Type in British Museum. M. vanus, Wk. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 196,77 2 . App. Locs.—China [#¢. Theobald] ; Celebes [¢. Walker]; Java, Malacca [¢. Blanchard]; Calcutta, Oct., Nov., Dec., common in last two months; Port Canning [¢. Theob., Ind. Mus. coll.j;; Albay, Laguna, Pangasinan, Bulacan, Tayabas, Manila, Cavite, Bataan, Nueva Ecija, Rizal (all Phil. Is., April, and from June to Janu- ary) [¢. Ludlow]; Dondra, Ceylon, 4-xii-o7 [Green]; Galle, Ceylon, 8 xii-07 [Green]. Type in British Museum. N.B.—Dr. Leicester considers vanus synonymous with sinen- sts, W., but Theobald in his latest volume keeps them distinct. LOPHOSCELOMYIA, Theob. App. RreF.—Giles, I9g04, Journ. Trop. Med., vii, 366 (Lopho- myta). Blanch., 1905, Moust., 635. Theob., 1907, Monog., iv, 91,07 ?. Leices., 1908, Culic. Malaya, 21. N.b6.—In his monograph (iv, 92) Mr. Theobald redescribes, and says that the name was spelt correctly at the erection of the genus (Entom., Jan., 1904). In the Genera Insectorum (Fasc. 26) he spells it Lophocelomyia. L. asiatica, Leices. App. RrEF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 92,7 2. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 21,7 9. ‘‘Lophomyia asiatica Theob. MS.,’’ in Giles (1904), Jour. Trop. Med., vii, 366. App. Locs.—Malaysia, according to Leicester, who says it breeds exclusively in pools of water in bamboo, adding that those bred in captivity will not bite. 428 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, NYSSORHYNCHUS, Blanch. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 202. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 39. James and List., Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, and Ed., 43. Laverania, Theob., 1902 Journ. Trop. Med., ii, 181. N.B.—In this genus Col. Alcock sinks Neocellia, Theob., Cellia, Theob., Calvertina, Ludl., and Christophersia, James. N. fuliginosus, Giles. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 205, fig. 179a, normal wing, 179), wing of var. pallida. App. Locs.—Calcutta, 15-vii-o8, 12-viii-o8, at light in house [Annandale]; Balighai, near Puri, 23—24-x-08, ‘‘ numerous in old wells, resting by day’ [Annandale]; Ferozepore, numerous [ Adie] ; Deesa [Nurse]; Ceylon [Green, Major Manders, Chalmers]; Ellich- pur in April, Calcutta, December, at light; Bombay, Java, Sumatra [all ¢. Blanchard]; Pangasinan, Tayabas, Guimaris Is., Albay, Rizal, Cavite, all Phil. Is. [¢. Ludlow]. N.B.—Capt. James has found that tertian, quartan and malig- nant tertian parasites will develop in this species artificially, but says it has not yet been found naturally infected (v. James, Sci. Mem. Ind., new. ser., No. 2, p. 39). Major Adie has found the sporozoits in wild fuliginosus (Ind. Med. Gaz., xxxvili, July 7, 1903). Theobald (Monog., iv, 99) notes a variety from Chingelput (S. India). Miss Ludlow says, ‘‘ Questioned as a host in India; hasa moderate distribution taken infrequently in small numbers in the Philippines, and its connection with malaria is not indicated.” This species appears to have several varieties, a form occur- ring in the Punjab all the winter (Adie, Ind. Med. Gaz., xxxviii, July 7, 1903 and Jan. 4, 1905); this variety flourishing from the middle of November till the end of April, whereas in that part of India, the typical form flourishes from the middle of March to the beginning of June. Theobald’s variety pallida has been considered a good species by Giles, but the former author states that it is not so (Monog., iv, 100). N. indiensis, Theob., 1903. Monog. Culic., iii, 99. Anoph. id., James and Liston (non Giles), Anoph. Mosq. Ind., 95, plate 2, figs. 1912. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 429 This form, previously regarded as a variety of maculipalpis, Giles, is raised by Theobald (Monog. Culic., iv, 98) to the rank of a species (vide N. maculipalpis, post.). Type in British Museum. N.B.—Theobald (Monog., v) restricts the localities of this form to the Central Provinces of India, Nagpur, Goa, Karwar, Travan- core. N. jamesii, Theob. App. REeF.—Blanch., Moust., 206. App. Locs.—Calcutta, 5-vili-o8 [Annandale]; Shamnagar, Bengal, 3-viii-05 [Gourlay]. Type in British Museum. N. karwari, James in Theob. ApD. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 39,7 2. N.B.—\atvae taken at Jugra and near Kuala Lumpur, in the grassy edges of slowly flowing streams. Type in British Museum. N. maculatus, Theob. App. REer.—Blanch., Moust., 207, 7 @ , fig. 180 (wing). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 41, ~ 2 (copies Theobald’s description, not having seen the species). App. Locs.—Nara Ghat, Nepal, near Bengal frontier, 25— 26-ii-08 ; Thamaspur, Bengal frontier, 18 and 20-11-08, 7 2. N.B.—This species is the type of the genus and the type was described as in Dr. Rees’s collection, but Mr. Theobald informs me that it is in the British Museum. N. maculipalpis, Theob. N.B.—The variety indiensis is now raised to the rank of a species (vide supra). In my catalogue, therefore, delete the locali- ties Nagpur, Karwar, Goa and Travancore, all of which relate to indiensts. N. nivipes, Theob. ADD. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, tor, 2 . Leices., Culic. Malaya, 44, 7 @. N B.—Bred from larvae in small collections of water in the open near Kuala Lumpur, Klang, etc. Dr. Leicester describes the species from a long series of both sexes. Type in British Museum. 430 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOESnV, N. philippinensis, Lud. App. ReF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 103, ?. App. Locs.—Pangasinan, Tayabas, Abra, Rizal, Pampanga (all Phil. Is.), where it occurs all the year round except from Feb- ruary to May. Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. N.B.—Theobald says (Monog., iv, 104), allied to mivipes, Theob., may be a variety of it. The species has been referred by Giles to Pyretophorus but Theobald (loc. cit., v, 63) retains it here. N. pseudowillmori, Theob., rgro. Monog. Culic., v, 65,9. From Meenglas, Jalpaiguri, 13-vii-o7 [Wallich]. Type in Indian Museum. Perhaps a var. of w7llmori. N. stephensi, Liston. App. Re¥F.—Blanch., Moust., 2ro. App. Locs.—Calcutta (Museum gardens), 15-vii-o8 [Annan- dale]; Phil. Is. (¢. Miss Ludlow in Can. Ent , xli, 234). This was removed to Neocellia but Theobald replaces it here in his vol. v, where see p. 20 for notes. N. theobaldi, Giles. Erratum.—Correct p. 300 to 299 in my reference to Giles’ Handb., 2nd Ed. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 210. App. Locs.—Benguet (Phil. Is.), March, April, November. N.B.—Miss Ludlow says ‘‘ a proven host in India; has been taken at only one station (referring to the Philippines), and can- not be held responsible for much of the transmission of malaria.” N. willmori, James. App. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 42,7 2. Has been placed in Neocellia but Theobald (Monog., v) again refers it here, and adds Ceylon, Pundaluoya, July—‘‘ known as the instep-biting mosquito’’ [Green]; Malay States and Meenglas, Jalpaiguri, 13-vii-o7 [Wallich], to the localities. N.B.—Dr. Leicester says the larvae live in hill streams in jungle near Kuala Lumpur, Jugra and elsewhere, and only records the adult from a hut in Ula Gombak. Type in the Central Research Institute, Kasauli, India, 1gI2. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 431 KERTESZIA, Theob., 1905. Ann. Mus. Hung., iii, 66. Monog. Culic., iv, 117. Intermediate between Nyssorhynchus and Cellia. N.B.—Col. Alcock sinks Kerteszia in Arribalzagia , Theob. K. megregori, Banks, 1910. Phil. Journ. Sci., iv, 548, 0. Loc.—Basilan, Ph. Is. (Type No. 6666), Entomological Collec- tion, Bureau of Science, Manila. CHRISTOPHERSIA, James. Paludism, vol. i, 33 (July 1910) (nom. nud.). Rec. Ind. Mus!,’iv, 103 (descr.). C. halli, James, rgro. Paludism, vol. i, 33. Plate: figs. of palpi, thorax (dorsal and lateral), abdomen (dorsal, lateral and ventral) and hind leg. James and List., Monog. Anoph. Mosq. India, 2nd Ed., 123. Loc.—Sylhet (Assam), February, June, July and December [Li-Col. Hall}. Type in Indian Museum. CELLIA, Theob. ADD. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 104, 105 (list and tab. known spp.). Blanch., Moust., 214. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 46. C. flava, Ludlow, 1908. Can, Ent... Monog, Culie- v7 186..0"- Described from a single perfect 2 taken by Mr. Paiva at Purnea, Bengal, 6-viii-o7, resting on the under side of a leaf of a lichi tree during the day. Type in Indian Museum. ) LEICESTERIA, Theob. App. REF.—Theob.. Monog. Culic., iv, 201. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 94. L. annulitarsis, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya,99, 7 @. Apparently sylvan and local in jungle 5 miles from Kuala Lumpur ; quite a distinct species, a bamboo breeder ; only one ¢. L. apicalis, Theob., 1908. Rec. Ind. Mus., i, ZOL GOs ive epliel, wins, pl. 111, wing scales. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 213, 7 2, fig. 86, wing. Described from one ~ and two 2 2: ‘‘ two hatched from larvae and one caught.” Lushai Hills, Assam (1,500 ft.), May | Macleod}. Types in Indian Museum. L. cingulata, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 97, @. Described from three @ 2 ‘(April and June), of which one was bred from a larva from bamboo in jungle five miles from Kuala Lumpur. A vicious biter, but apparently very local. Un 1g12. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culictdae. 45 L. dolichocephala, Leices., 1908, em. mihi. Culic. Malaya, 95, 7 ¢ (dolicocephala). In jungle round Kuala Lumpur and at Bukit Kutu, probably a bamboo breeder, a vicious biter in daytime and at sunset. L. longipalpis, Leices., in Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 201, 7 9°. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 94, 7 2. Types in British Museum. HULECOETOMYIA, heob., 1907. App. RreF.—Monog. Culic., iv, 220 (Hulecoeteomyia). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 107. H. fluviatilis, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, ili, a 9. Very near jugraensis and frilineata, the larva, however, is quite distinct. Probably rare, as it has only been found in one locality, Ulu Gombak jungle, 13 miles from Kuala Lumpur. H. jugraensis, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 109, 7 2 [Helecoeicomyia td., lapsus). Described from a series bred from water in fallen leaves in jungle at Jugra. Very near H. trilineata, Leices., but the larvae are quite different. J,eicester adds: *‘ the name ¢rilineata is an unfor- tunate one, as there are really seven distinct lines on H. trilineata whereas in H. jugraensis there are only three.’’ H. pseudotaeniata, Giles. App. Rre¥F.—Blanch., Moust., 261, °@. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 222, describes o@ for first time, fig. 89, wing, 90, head o@, gr, genitalia o. Ieicester says it will breed in small collections of rain water near houses. Theobald (Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 291) mentions 3 7 @ and2 2? 2 ‘‘hatched 29-vili-o4’’ from Tungleh (? ) in the Lushai Hills. Also recorded from Dehra Dun by Thomson. Banks records it from the Philippines. H. trilineata, Leices., in Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 220, 7 °@. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 107, 7 @. 456 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vo.. IV, App. Loc.—Kurseong, 3-vii-o8 [Annandale]; Bukit Kutu (May), Bamboo jungle 5 miles from Kuala Lumpur, April, May, July, October, December; Ulu Gombak, 13 miles from Kuala Lumpur (both ¢. Lezcester). The slightly damaged types came from the former jungle. Leicester says it is a very distinct species, a bamboo breeder, not common, quite sylvan and a blood sucker. PHAGOMYIA, Theob. P. gubernatoris, Giles. App. RreF.—Blanch., Moust., 261, 2 (Stegomyta). HOWARDINA. Theob. App. ReF.—Blanch., Moust., 415. H. chrysolineata, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 218, 2, pl. i, wing scales, °. A unique ? from Peradeniya, Ceylon [Green]. Type in British Museum. H. greeni, Theob. App. Rre¥F.—Blanch., Moust., 416. Type in British Museum. H. himalayana, Giles, 1904. Journ. Trop. Med. (1904), 384, ¢@. Loc.—Naini Tal {in August}, bred. Giles puts it doubtfully here and Theobald states that Mr. Carter suggests, after examining the type, that it would be better placed in Pseudohowardina. PSEUDOHOWARDINA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 223, 2. P. chrysoscuta, Theob., 1907. Op. ctt., v, 228, 2 , fig. 94, wing. A unique specimen from Peradeniya, iv-07 [Green]. Type in British Museum. CULICIOMYIA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 227, 7 92, pl. ili, wing scales °. LOuz: | KE. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 457 C. annulata, Theob., 1907. Op. cit., 230,07 &, fig.64, wing @ , 65, genitalia; pl. i, wing scales ©. Loc.—Kuching, Sarawak [Dr. barker|; taken in company with C. inosnata, Theob. ‘‘ Looks like a small Culex piptens.’’ Type in British Museum. C. annuloabdominalis, Theob., rgro. Monog. Culic., v, 236, 7 @, fig. 102, head occiput, 103, head. Loc. —Peradeniya and Hakgala, Ceylon, i and v-07 [Green]. Tvpe in British Museum. C. ceylonica, Theob., 1907. Op. ctt., 236, 7 @, fig. 70, wing, ¢. Described from a perfect 7 and 2 from Peradeniya and Maskeliya, Ceylon (February and April) [Greev]. Type in British Museum. C. inornata, Theob., 1907. % Loc. cit., 227, 7 2, fig. 61, head scales, 62, wing ? , 63, 7 genitals. 1oc.—Kuching, Sarawak | Dy. Barker|, in a house, November. Type in British Museum. N.B.—Miss Ludlow records it from the Philippines (Can. Bit. -xli, Oi): C. minutissima, Theob., 1907. EGCACi.; 235.02" Lovc.—Peradeniya, Ceylon, February [Green]. Tvpe in British Museum. . . s - C. nigerrima, Theob., 1gto. Monog. Culic., v, 233, @ , fig. 100, wing. A pertect unique specimen from Trincomalee, Ceylon, taken October 1907 by Green. Type in British Museum. C. ‘pulla, Theob. App. REr.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 232, fig. 66, head scales. Removed here from Culex. Type in British Museum. 458 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL aie NEOMACLEAYA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 238, °. N. indica, Theob., 1907. Loe "cits, 238) 42% Loc.—India [Christophers]. ‘* At first sight resembles Skusea funerea Theob.’’ Philippines [¢. Ludlow]. Woodlands, Cevlon, Q-x-07. Type in British Museum. Var. simplex, Theob. Reéc: Ind’ Mus. 2017 "9": Loc.—Sylhet, June [Hall]. A single @. Type in Indian Museum. DANIELSIA, Theob. App. REF.—-Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 240. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 117. N.b.—It may be noted that there is a Daniela, Koch, 1891, in Coelenterata. D. albotaeniata, Leices., in Theob. App. REF.—Theob.,: Monog. Culic:, iv, 241, + 9. fg. 72 (cephalic and scutellar adornment). Weices, (Culics Malaya 117,507 12 Leicester describes it in the above work from a series bred from larvae from bamboo water. Sylvan, a vicious day biter. LEPIDOTOMYIA, Theob., 1905 REFs.—Gen. Insect., Fasc., 26, p. 22. Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 249. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 132. Ervratum.—Delete line 3, p. 339 of my Catalogue. N.B.—‘* An error has occurred here. The Lefidotomyza ot Theobald, in his paper on the Hungarian Museum Culicidae, re- ferred to the genus Reedomyia, Ludlow, to which the species Lepidotomyia alboscutellata Theob., belongs. The true Lepidotomyza contains only one species, magna Theob., and comes very near Danielsta’’ (Theobald). Leicester, however, in his Culicidae of Malaya (p. 132) retains alboscutellata in Lepidotomyia without comment. Type in British Museum. 1912.] E. BRuNET?II: Catalogue of Ortental Culicidae. 459 L. magna, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 250, 7 @?. Described from two perfect specimens ; a true Lepidotomyza. Recorded from Bombay, I9-viii-o2, by James. Tye in British Museum. L. taeniata, Leices., 1908. Culic: Malaya, 133, 07:2. Described from a large series bred from larvae taken in water collected in ruts in a jungle waggon track. ‘The only time this author has seen the larvae. THEOBALDIA, Nev. Lemaire. Theobaldinella, Blanch., 1905, Moust , 390, nom. nov. (gen. chars. given). N.B.—Blanchard changed the name from Theobaldia to Theo- baldinella on account of Theobaldius of Neville in Mollusca ; but Mr. Theobald retains the spelling as originally written. which in accordance with zoological ruJes is permissible. T. annulata, Schrk. Beitr. zur. Naturgesch.. 97 (1776). App. REF.—Culex annulatus, Blanch., Moust.. 280. 7 @, fig. 206, ungues and genitalia, fig. 207, adult larva. Apparently a hill species. lanchard records it from 4,000 ft. (Brianon, France), also from 8,000 feet in Mexico (Durango State). T. spathipalpis, Rond. App. Rrer.—Theob., Monog. Culic , iv, 276 (larva described). Blanch., Moust., 283, 7 @ , fig. 209. ungues and genitals. N.6.—-Blanchard says that Ficalbi thinks the adult does not bite, but lives on plant juices. The larva has been found during winter { ? in Sardinia). Blanchard thinks it may carry ‘‘ undulat- ing’’ fever in Malta, adding that, at least in Gibraltar, where it abounds, it is infested by a microbe closely resembling Micrococcus melitensis. PECOMYIA, Theob. Geitonomyia, Leices., 1908, Culic. Malaya, 134. P. caeca, Theob. (Culex td.). App. Rer.—Blanch., Moust., 305, 2 (Culex id.), Leices., Culic. Malaya, 135, 7 9 (Geitonomyia id.) App. Locs.—-Fed. Malay States (Ipoh-Parak}, Philippines 460 Records of the Indian Museum. [ VorE.-Dvs N.B.—Re-described by Leicester from a series bred from larvae in water in pools and waggon tracks at Ulu Klang near Kuala Lumpur. ‘** As the scutellar scaling and the palpi are quite distinct from those of a Culex, I have no hesitation in placing this mosquito in a separate genus ” (Leicester) However, Leicester had probably overlooked Theobald’s genus Pecomyza, to which the latter author referred this species (Monog. Culic., iv, 268, fig. 86, wing 2. pl. i, wing scales @ }). Tvpe in British Museum. P. maculata, Theob. App. RrEF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 266, 7 2; figs. 82, 83, 84, 2 wings. Type in British Museum. PARDOMYIA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 280. P. aurantia, Theob., 1907. DL OCNCUiaS 2005 Or Loc. —Kuching (Sarawak), November [Dr. Barker]. Received also from Kuala Lumpur. TJ ve in British Museum. P. quadripunctis, Ludlow. No reference to the description of this species is given, of which Theobald (Monog., v, 608) copies the original description It is from Parang, Mindanao (Phil. Is.}, Oct. 26. PSEUDOGRAHAMIA, Theob. P. aureoventer, Theob., 1910. Rec dndyMus iv 270 oS Monog. Culic., v, 551, 2. A unique ¢ , at present in the British Museum. Pallode (Travancore. S. India), 16-xi-08 [Annandale |. PSEUDOGRABHAMIA, Theob. P. maculata, Theob. App. REF.—Theob:, Monog. Culic:, iv, 314, @ 2%, fig. 10g wing @. Id., Journ.. has not seen the species in Malaysia). L. eminentia, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 131, o. Described from a single ~ from jungle near Kuala Lumpur. ‘Very distinct and easily recognised.’ L. fraudatrix, Theob. or fig. 208 App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 474, oN palpi, 209 wing @ , 210 antennal organs o~, 211 wings o, Type in Hungarian Museum. L. mammilifer, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 128, o& @. Described from a series of o” o™ and one ? bred from larvae from pools in jungle near Kuala Lumpur and at Raub. A somewhat distinct species, according to the author. L. minor, Leices., 1908. OG Cia T2ZONI HN? Described froma series bred from bamboo water. Sylvan, and the smallest of the Ma'ayan species, and dull coloured. I. niger, eices.,. 1906, LOC ICU AZ 2 as Described from a series from larvae from ponds at Kuala Lumpur. L. rubithoracis, Leices., 1908. LOcecti 5 STEOR ae: 12%, Described from a series from ponds in Kuala Iumpur. Easily known by its brilliant red thorax, 1912. | E. Brunetti: Catalogue of Oriental Cultcidae. 465 L. sylvestris, Leices., 1908. POCNClE 25. (Qe. Bred from larvae from still ponds in Malayan jungle. L. taeniata, Leices., 1908. TOG: CU X27 Agen: ._ Bred from larvae from ponds in the open near Kuala Lumpur and Klang. A very distinct species. L. uniformis, Theob. App. REeF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 473, @ 9. Id., Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc., xvi, 245. Type in British Museum. L. variata, Leices., 1908. Culic)Malaya.a2r. 0 9. Described from a large series bred from larvae mostly found in small ponds and puddles in swamps and ponds. RADIOCULEX, Theob., 1908. Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 295. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 192. R. clavipalpus, Theob., 1908. Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 295, 7 2, iv, pl. i, wing, pl. 11, head. iheob:, -Monoge. Culic:, v, 193, 'o 2. Loc.—Calcutta, Nov. and Dec. ; and onein July ; Berhampur (Murshidabad Distr.}, Bengal, 1-i-o8 jl/oyd|; Katihar, 4—5-x-08 [Paiva]; Rangoon, 25-ii-o8 [A nnandale|; Vaikam Coast of Travan- core State, 5-xi-08 [ Annandale}. Common inbrushwood in the cold weather in Calcutta. N.B.—‘‘ Described from a long series, some taken at light, . the marked black shiny thorax with the clear-cut yellow area on it, and the quaint marginal cell will at once identify it” (Theob.). Tvpe in Indian Museum, co-types in British Museum, CULEX, L. For sub-division of even the restricted genus Culex, wide Theobald (Monog. Culic., iv, 387). Blanchard divides the genus into nine sections (Moust., 269) and arranges the groups of species in further analytical tables, one for each section, incorporating 466 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, the specific descriptions in the tables. - Theobald (vol. v) admits nearly 200. Leicester also (Culic. Malaya, 138) divides the Malayan species into groups, in an analytical table. C. albolineatus, Giles. 7 vpe in British Museum. C. albopleura, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 456, 2. Loc.—India [Christophers}. Described from a perfect unique specimen. Tvpe in British Museum. C. albus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 148, @. One 2 from a bungalow at Kuala Lumpur. Calis; Theobs, 1903. Monog. Culic., iit Loc.—Christmas Island. N.B.—Described from a series bred by Dr. Durham from larvae from salt pools. Miss Ludlow says it occurs in the Philip- pines. Type in British Museum. 1 Oba iieetregh Neigh y C. angulatus, Theob. (angulata emend.). App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 362, @. C. annuliferus, Ludlow. See /udlowi, Blanch., nom. nov., annuliferus being pre- occupied. C. annulioris, Theob., ror. Monog: Culiesi1; 371,.-2%. N.B.—Described froma single @ from Mashonaland, but it has since been found to occur in the Philippines. C. annulus, Theob. App. RreF.—Blanch., Moust., 293, 2 . Leices., Culic. Malaya (reproduces Theobald’s description of thei"), IgI2. | E. Brunetti: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 467 C. arabiensis, Patton, 1905. Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc., xvi, 633, 7 2. In the crater, Aden. N.B.—Not, correctly speaking, within the Oriental Region, but included because I included Patton’s species from Arabia in my Catalogue. C. argentinotus, Banks, IgIo. Phil. }outneocl,, 1V,.547, 2.2. Loc.—Rizal (Phil. Is.). Types 7 2 (No. 11,460) in the ento- mological collection, Bureau of Science, Manila. L. auratus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 153, 2. One of the largest species of Culex; a vicious biter ; some affinity with C. occidentalis and C. flavifrons. C. aureostriatus, Dol. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 310 @. ce N.B.—Blanchard gives Tokio as well as Amboina, in houses ”’ as localities, but the species is not included as Japanese in the recent Palaearctic catalogue. Theobald in his last volume stili retains it doubtfully in Culex. Cy biro:, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 390, 7 9%, fig. 165, wing o, 164, wing 92. Described from 3 7 @ and3 2 @. Tyfein the Hungarian Museum. Gcaecus, Iheopb: Type in British Museum. C. cantans, Meig. Erratum.—Delete my note about C. maculatus, Mg., in my Catalogue. C. christophersi, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 453, 7 @. Loc.—India [Christophers]. Described from rt @ and several aeor Type in British Museum. 468 Kecoras of the Indian Museum. [Vou. IV, C. concolor, R. Desv. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 365, 7 9. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 154, 7 9. App. Locs.—Sylhet, ii, iv, v, xi [Hall]; Manipur, viii [Gourlay|; Calcutta, I-viii-o7; 6-x-04; 4-xi-o6 [all Brunetti]; ili, vi, vil, vili, ix, x, xi; Port Canning; Purnea, 4—6-viii-07 [Pawa]; Damukdia Ghat (N. Bengal), vii; Lucknow, 4-ix-05 Brunetti]; Kulattupuzha (Travancore), Ig-xi-o8, in bungalows [Annandale]; Samarang [Jacobson]; Phrapatoon, Siam, viii-o6 {Woolley}; Andaman Is. [Ray White]; also in the Straits, Burma, and China. Leicester says, ‘‘ Fairly abundant in Malay Peninsula, very variable, larvae in stagnant pools, stable tanks or drainage.” Theobald observes that Giles erroneously refers it (‘‘ Journ. Trop. Med.,’’ 1904, p. 383) to Taeniorhynchus. C, fatigans, W. App. Syn.-—Desvotdea panalectros, Giles; ¢.. Theob., Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 5. ADD. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, pl. xvi (larval chars.). Blanch., Moust., 353, 7 2, fig. 230 @ 92 (as pungens), 231 2,232 head o» @ (anxifer), 233 adult larva and nymph (pungens), 234 head of larva above and below (pungens). Leices.,, Culic: Malaya, 157,10 (2). App. Locs.—In the Rec. Ind. Mus. (ii, 298) Theobald gives a long list of dates and localities from specimens in the Indian Museum collection, and adds a further list in Rec. Ind. Mus., IV LZ: Between the two reports nearly all parts of India are repre- sented by this common species, with specimens from Nepal, Man- dalay, Rangoon, Moulmein, Manipur; Soerabaya, Java, 16—25- vii-06 [Brunetti|, Manila, 10—16-iii-06 [Brunetti], and at sea be- tween the mouth of the Hooghly River and Rangoon, 22—~23-11-08 [Annandale]. Personally, I have taken it in Calcutta in February, March, April, July, October, November and December ; Meerut 25-iv-05 (common in bedroom), Lucknow 7-vill-05, 4-ix 05, 2-xil-04, in bed- rooms and at the old Residency, Agra 28-iii-o5, Rangoon 24-x1i-04 to 3-105 ‘common in bedroom), 9-ii-06, Penang 3—S-viti-06, Singapore 2I-vi-06, Batavia 27-vi and 9-vii-06, Soerabaya 16—25- vii-o6 common, Shanghai 16—25-vii-o6, where it was literally swarming in a ditch in front of a hedge facing the west ; Hankow 22~-206-iv-06, Manila 10—1r16-iii-o6. Nearly all the specimens are in inferior condition, and were named by Mr. Theobald. Theobald in his 5th volume adds the following localities :— Phrapatocn, Siam, 1018-1; 19-iii; 30-xil-07; viii and xi-06 [Dr. Woolley]; Sarawak. Outside the East it has a very wide range, Japan, Natal, Mombasa, Pemba Is. (E. Africa) ; Zanzibar, IgI2.| E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 469 Soudan, Egypt, British Central Africa, Senegambia, Mauritius, Seychelles, Australia, Fiji, and the southern part of North America. N.B.—-Both Theobald and Blanchard consider the species iden- tical with pungens, W., and this latter name being given first by Wiedemann, although on the same page, should perhaps be adopted. Inthe absence of absolute certainty of identification and on account of the confusion that would be caused by the change, neither author adopts pungens. It is doubtful if the type of pungens still exists in any state sufficiently good to decide so close a point of identity. Moreover, my own personal opinion, not as a culicidologist but as being fairly intimate with the magnificent work done by Wiedemann, is that that author must have had two distinct species before him, for he certainly would not have regarded such minute differences as specific, as are to-day delighted in by the workers in Culicidae. In a paper just published by Mr. F. W. Edwards! fatigans, W., is sunk (with some species of Theobald’s) as a synonym of pipiens, Ll. If the two are identical it is very strange no previous author has ascertained it. The species carries Filariasis. Miss Ludlow’s tables show that it is common in all parts of the Philippines all the year round. Leicester says it occurs in houses all over the Malay Peninsula, the larva breeding in any small collection of water near houses. C, fatigans, var. trilineatus, Theob. Admitted as a good species. C, foochowensis, Theob. App. Rrer.—Blanch., Moust., 344, # 2 (fouchowensts). Type in British Museum. C. fragilis, Ludlow. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 424, 7 2. App. Locs.—Oras (Samar, Phil. Is.}, Aug. 6th [¢. Ludlow]. N.B.—Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. C. fuscanus, Wied. App. Rer.—Blanch., Moust., 275. C. fuscocephalus, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 420, 9. Loc.—Peradeniya, March and September [Green]; Hakgala, Ceylon, 5-xi-07 (Green) ; Pallode, 15-xi-o8 [Annandale |. ! Bulletin of Entomological Research, ii, 262 (Oct. 1911). 470 Records of the Indian Museum. [Voz. IV, Described from 2 @ @. Type in British Museum. C. graminis, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 158, @ 9. Described from a large series from larvae from open bamboo in jungle ; sylvan species. C. gnophodes, Theob. App. REF.—Leicester copies Theobald’s description, ? . Type in British Museum. C. halifaxii, Theob., 1903. Placed with uncertainty here, only one specimen known (Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 350). Tvpe in British Museum. C. hirsuteron, Theob. Type in British Museum. C. impellens, Wk. ADD. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 294, @. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 142 (copies Theobald’s description). App. Locs.—-A long list from specimens in the Indian Museum (Theob., Monog. Culic.,iv, 15). Thaumaspur, Nepal, 1o—14-ii-08, Sukwani, 15—16-1i-08 ; Moulmein, Peb.; Mandalay, 11—12-iii-08 ; Rangoon, 24—25-1i-08 ; Lucknow, 21-iv-07 [all three Annandale] ; Chittagong, 26-vii-08 [Hall]. Sukna, in deep jungle; Puri, x-o8, common; Port Canning, 9-x-08, also several localities in Travan- core and Cochin States collected 4—25-xi-08, all taken by Dr. Annandale. Calcutta, I-ili-vi to ix; on board ship 5 miles off Alleppey, Malabar Coast, 4-v-08 [Paiva]. Also taken by me in Calcutta (bedroom), I-iv-08; 10-11-07, June, July: Lucknow, 7-viii-05 ; Rangoon, 24-xii-94 to 3-1-05, and Batavia, 27-vi-06 to 9-vii-06. C. imprimens, WIk. App. ReF.—Blanch., Moust., 306. Type (remnant) in British Museum. C. infula, Theob. ADD. ReF.—Blanch., Moust., 298, ?. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 146 (copies Theobald’s description). Type in British Museum. 1912. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 471 C. japonicus, Theob. Theobald (in vol. v, 391) admits this species from Tokio and Ceylon, making the latter a distinct variety which he terms ceylon- ica. The types of both forms are in the British Museum. He places ceylonica doubtfully in Culex, eliminates aureostriatus. Dol., from the synonymy, placing the latter separately and doubtfully in Culex. C. longifurcatus, Theob. See pseudolongifurcatus, Theob., nom. nov. C. longipalpis, V. Wulp. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 318, @. N.B.—This author correctly notes that although Van der Wulp says the palpi have only two joints, that author shows four in his figure. C. longipes, Theob. See macropus, Blanch., nom. nov. C, loricatus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, I51, @. One ¢ taken in bungalow at Kuala Lumpur. Very distinct. C. ludlowi, Blanch., nom. nov. Syn. C. annuliferus, Ludlow, 1903 (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., it, FAT), App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 388, 7 @. App. Loc.—Mangarin and Dagupan (Phil. Is.), Feb. to April. N.B.—The species was described from 234 7 o@ and 28 @ 9. but many were in bad condition. Blanchard renames the species, annuliferus being preoccupied by Em. Blanchard in 1852 for a species from Chili. C. luteola, Theob., rgro. Monog. Culic., v, 378, ¢. Peradeniya, x-1900. A single perfect 2, in the British Museum. A very distinct species. C. luteolateralis, Theob. The genus Bankstella, Theob., is established for this species, 472 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou IV, C. macropus, Blanch., nom. nov. (1905). Comp. Rend., lili, 1045. Blanch., Moust., 327. For longipes, Theob., preoccupied. Type in British Museum, a unique specimen from Singapore. C. mediolineatus, Theob. App. Rer.—Blanch., Moust., 369, 2. Type in British Museum. C. microannulatus, Theob. App. Syn.—C. volandi, D’Emm. de Ch., Ann. Trop. Med. et Par., ii, No. 3, 259 [1908]. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 292, 7 @. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 140, ~7 9. App. Locs. —Calcutta, July to November, common; Purnea, August ; Gopkuda Is., Lake Chilka, August ; Sylhet, i, ii, iv, v, xi, xii; between Bolpore and Rampore Haut, Bengal, August, in railway carriage [all ¢. Theob. in Ind. Mus.}. N.B.—Weicester describes it from a series sent him by Dr. Finlayson from Singapore, mostly taken in houses. I have only taken it once, in Calcutta, I—10-viii-o8. Green has taken it at Trincomalee and Hakgala, Ceylon, 24-viii to 9-ix-o7. It occurs in Mauritius. Type in British Museum. C. mimeticus, Noé. App. RreF.—Blanch., Moust., 271, 7 @. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 139, 7 2. App. Loc.—Lushai Hills, r-vi-o4, one 2 [Macleod]; Theog, Simla district, 2-v-o7, one @ [Annandale]; Thaumaspur, Nepal, 18—20-ii-08, one @ ; Peradeniya, 17-ix-07 [Green]. N.B.—Weicester says he describes the o for the first time, but this is not so. He says it occurs in any roadside pool or marshy ground. Blanchard notes its occurrence in Italy and Palestine, also Malacca. C. minimus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 160, 7 @. Described from a series bred trom larvae from mud holes full of water, in swampy ground in Kuala Lumpur. 16124 E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 473. C. minor, Theob., 1908. . Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 298, 7 9? ; iv, pl. 1, wing. Monog. Culic., v, 363, ¢ 2, fig. 150, wing. { App. Locs.—Sylhet [Hall]: Lushai Hills. June, July [Mac- leod|; Calcutta, December [ Annandale]. N.B.—Described from 3 ¢ @ and 2 9 @ in the Ind. Mus. coll. ‘A very small obscure species, easily told by its unbanded abdomen.’’ Type in Indian Museum. C. multimaculosus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 155, 7 2 Described partly from jungle examples and partly from larvae from roadside ditches. C. nigricephalus, Leices., 1908 (emend. mihi). Culic. Malaya, 149, 7 @ (nigricephala). Bred from paddy swamps near Batu Gajah by Dr. Daniels. C. pallidostriatus, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 410, o 9, fig. 175, wing o. Loc.—Peradeniya, December [Green]; India [Christophers. Described from 2 7 @ anda @°. Type in British Museum. C. pallidothorax, Theob. EKmend. by Theob. in Monog., iv, 446, from pallidithorax. ADD. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 446, 7 @ ‘* Something like C. fatigans, Wied.’’ Type in British Museum. C. parascelos, Theob., tgro, Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 18, @. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 379. Described from 2 ¢ 2? from Madras Town, 30-x-08 [Hodgart]. A very marked species. Type in Indian Museum. C. perplexus, Leices., 1905. Culic. Malaya, 150, 7 9. Bred from larvae from marshy edges of lake near Kuala Lumput. 474 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOE.sEV; C. pettigrewii, Theob., rgro. Recwitid? Mus. av, 5s - Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 351, 2. A perfect ¢@- from Ukhrul, Manipur. viii-o8, taken by the Rev. W. P. Pettigrew. In the Indian Museum. C. pseudolongifurcatus, Theob., nom. nov., Igro. Monog. Culic., v, 366. A new name for his /ongifurcaius (Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 19, ~ 2), that name being preoccupied by Becker in 1903. Described from I 7 and 2 ¢ 2 from Dahawangahary Hill, Bengal—Nepalese Frontier, 16-ii-08. Type in the Indian Museum. C. pseudostenoetrus, Theob., 1g1o. Monog. Culic., v, 343, 2, fig. 154 wing. Two @ @ from Hakgala, Ceylon, v and viii, 1907 [Green]. Whereabouts of type not mentioned. C. pulchriventer, Giles. ADD. REF.— Blanch., Moust., 338, 7 @. Type in British Museum. C. pullus, Theob. Removed to Culiciomyta. C. quasipipiens, Theo! . ADD. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 344, @ . Type in British Museum. C. quasiunivittatus, Theob Type in British Museum. C. reesii, Theob. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 361, 7 ¢. C. rizali, Banks. Theobald (Monog., v, 391) notes on its differences from japo- nicus, to which it is closely allied. He puts it doubtfully here. 1912.] EE. Brunerri: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 47 Un C. sepositus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 152, 2. A single @ from jungle near Kuala Lumpur. Very distinct. C. sericeus, Theob. ApD. REF.—Blanch., Moust.. 362, ° App. Locs.—Taken by me at Meerut, India, 25-iv-05, Luck- now (the Residency), 2 xii-04; Rangoon, 24-xii-04 to 3-1-05, in bedroom ; Shanghai, 8—r10-v-06, inditch. The specimens identified by Theobald with some doubt owing to their rubbed condition. C. sitiens, Wied. App. REF,—Blanch., Moust., 293, °. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 143, 7 @. App. Locs.—Blanchard adds Sumatra, Celebes, Malacca ; Theobald adds Calcutta—Aug. and Sept. Philippines (¢. Ludlow). Leicester describes it from a series bred from marshy ground and from adults taken in the bungalows in the Malay Peninsula. C. stenoetrus, Theob , 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 395, @. 1oc.—Maskeliya, Ceylon, April [Green]. Type in British Museum. C. taytayensis, Banks, Ig1o. Phil. Journ. Sci., iv, 545, @ 2. Loc.—Rizal (Ph. Is.). Type 7 2 in entomological collec- tion, Bureau of Science, Manila. Bred from larvae from the water ot the esteros. C. tigripes, Grand. et Char. App. Locs.—Manipur (bungalow), August [Gourlay|; Sylhet, ii, iv, v-xii-04 [Hall]; Mandalay, 11-11-08 [ Annandale]; Calcutta, July to November ; Damukdia Ghat [Riv. Ganges, E. Bengal), July; Port Canning, Dec.; Kurseong, 4-viii-o8. I took it in Calcutta, Aug. 1908 and Dec 1905; Kirindi, 20-xio8; Weligama, '3-i-08 ; Dondra, 28-iv-o8. and Mandulsima, 14-xii-o8 (all four in Ceylon). Also occurs in South, Central and West Africa. The larvae are carnivorous and cannibalistic. Patton found it at Aden in a tank of rain water feeding on C. fatigans larvae. Theobald describes three varieties, none being Oriental. C. tipuliformis, Theob. App. Locs.—Blanch., Moust., 363, 2. Type in British Museum. 476 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, C. trilineatus, Theob., 1gor. Monog; Culic., ii, 159, 2. Blanch., Moust., 330, 2. Loc.—Thayetmyo, Upper Burma. First regarded as a variety of fatigans. Theobald admits it (Monog., v, 359) as distinct. Type, a unique specimen, in the British Museum. C. trimaculatus, Theob Type in Hungarian Museum. C. tritaeniorhynchus, Giles. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 294, 7 @?. Type in British Museum, from Madras. C. uncus, Theob. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 350, 2. Type in British Museum. C. uniformis, Leices., 190s. Culic. Malaya, 159, ¢. Two @ ¢ from marshy ground near Batu Gajah. Very near C. virtdis. : C. univittatus, Theob. App. RE¥F.—Blanch., Moust., 321, 2. Type in British Museum. C. vagans, Wied. App. Rrer.—Blanch., Moust., 304, 9 (Foochow). Theob., Ree: Ind, Mus:; iv 14-0 += Monog. Culic. v1 347.0% Theobald describes the ~ of this species, as the present example referred to (Madras Town, 31-x-08, Hodgart) is the only one of this species he has seen. It is in the Indian Museum. C. viridiventer, Giles. ADD. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 346, 7 @. ‘The 2 is said not to bite. Type in British Museum. C. vishnui, Theob. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 292, 7 2. Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 387, 7, fig. 162, wing ?; 163, o genitalia; pl. v, wing scales, ¢. 1g12.] E. BRuNET?II: Catalogue of Oriental Cultcidae. 477 Leices., Culic. Malaya, 141, ~ @ (description of @ copied from Theobald). App. Locs.—Sylhet, Jan. and Feb. [Hall]; Port Canning, July ; Gopkuda Is., August; Lake Chilka, August; Ferozepore, Punjab (Adie). Leicester has taken one 2 from jungle near Kuala Lumpur Type in British Museum. BANKSIELLA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 468. B. luteolateralis, Theob., 1gor. Monog. Culic., 11, 71 (Culex 2d.). App. REeF.—Blanch., Moust., 278, 7 2. eices |; Culic. Malaya, 160% ‘or. Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 469, ° N.B.—Banksiella Giemuced for this species, which, origi- nally described from the Soudan, has been recorded by Theobald from Sylhet, 23-xi-04 and 5-x-04, taken by Lieut.-Col. Hall, and now in the Indian Museum. Leicester describes it from larvae from the margins of small pools in grounds of the Institute of Medical Re- search at Kuala Lumpur. Taken there also in the adult stage. Occurs in several parts of Africa, where it varies considerably. Type in British Museum. TRICHOPRONOMYIA, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 479. Ds panel Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 479 o,. fig. 213a, apex of proboscis; b, scales; fig. 214, wing o. TRICHORHYNCHOMYIA, mihi., nom. nov. Syn. Trvichorhynchus, Theob. App. Rer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 270. Comes between the Stegomyian group and true Culex (Theo- bald). N.B.—Trichorhynchus was preoccupied as far back as 1887 by Balbiani in Protozoa. The above name is therefore suggested in its place, with the presumption that it only represents a sub- genus, at most. T. fuscus, Theob. ADD. Rer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv; 270, @. b Evratum.—In my catalogue ‘‘a single perfect @’’ is an error for 9. 478 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, Type in British Museum, according to Theobald (loc. cit., vol. v), but in a previous letter to me he says in the ‘‘ Hungarian Museum.” PSEUDOTHEOBALDIA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic:, iv, 271. bf P. niveitaea, taai Theob., 1907. Loc. ctt., 272, fig. 87, » genitalia; 88, wing o. Loc.—Dehra Dun, February, March [Thomson]. Described from two perfect 7 o. Theog, Simla district, 2-v-07 [Annandale]. Type in British Museum. TAENIORHYNCHUS, Arrib. App. REeF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 483 generic and egg notes. Blanch. Moust., 381, fig. 244 generic chars. 7 9; table of spp. p. 383. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 163 table of six Malay spp. T. ager, Giles. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 385, 7 @. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 168, 7 2. Recorded from Kuala Lumpur, and Westlake, Hankow, 27-v1-07 | Cornford}. App. Locs.—Sylhet, Jan. to May [Hall]; Miss Ludlow says it has been recorded from the Philippines. Calcutta, 2-11-08 ; Balighai, near Puri, 26-x-08 ; Mandalay, 12-11-08 ; Pallode, S. India, 14-xi-08 ; Kerumadi (S. end of Vembanaad Lake, Travancore State), 6-xi-08 [all Annandale}. N.B.—Weicester describes it from a large series bred from larvae from water at marshy edges of lakes, and entangled in floating green weed at the sides of a running stream. T. argenteus, Ludlow. Removed to Theobaldiomyia, nom. nov. for Leucomyia. T. (2) aureosquammatus, Ludlow, 1909. Can Ent., xli, 234, @ |! Theob., T (?) aureosquamata (lapsus ?) Monog., v, 425. Loc.—Parang, Mindanao (Phil. Is.), December. Tvpe in Army Medical Museum, Washington |! Theobald (Monog., v) erroneously quotes the page as Iol. 1912.| E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 479 T. aurites, Theob. T. brevicellulus, Theob. Both referred to Chrysoconops. Type of latter in British Museum. T. confinnis, Arrib., 1891. Dipt. Argent. La Plata, 49. Theob., Monog. Culic., ili, 289. Recorded from Chaca, Formosa, possibly incorrectiy, as it is a South American species. T. conopas, Frnfid. Referred to Chrysoconops. T. domesticus, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 169, 7 ¢. Described from a series bred from larvae, and from adults from bungalow at Kuala Lumpur and elsewhere. T. epidesmus, Theob., 1910. Rec. Ind. Mus , iv, 22-9. Theob., Monog, Culic., v, 429, 2. Described from a single perfect 2 in the Indian Museum taken by Mr. Paiva at Bhogaon, Bengal, 2-x-o8. T. lineatopennis, Ludlow. App. RrrF.—-Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 489, ?. N.B.—The types (in the Army Medical Museum, Washington) were labelled ‘‘ inside screens of screened houses,’’ Sept. 13, I4. T. luteoabdominalis, Theob., gro. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 23 @. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 423. A single perfect @ from Katihar, Purnea (Bengal), 5-x-08 [Paiva]. Very near T. epidesmus. Type in Indian Museum. T. ochraceus, Theob. Referred to Chrysoconops. 480 Records of the Indian Museum. [ VOL: iV, T. pagei, Ludlow, 7 @. Given in Theobald’s vol. v, 618, without reference to author’s description, which is copied verbatim. From Parang, Mindanao, Phil. Is., Oct. 27. T. tenax, Theob. App. REeF.—Blanch., Moust., 386, @. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 167, @. App. Locs.—Sylhet, March to June [Hal/]; Manipur, August [Gourlay|; Balighai, near Puri, 23-x-08, at light, one @ [Anunan- dale}. N.B.—Leicester describes from one 9 taken ina bungalow at Kuala Lumpur. Type in British Museum. T. tenax, var. ocellata, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 488, @. Loc.—Kuching (Sarawak, Borneo), November [Dr. Barker}. This form apparently also occurs in China (v. Theob., Monog., iii, 259). N.B.—There isa var. maculipes, Theob. (Monog., iv, 488), from African localities (White Nile, etc., v, pl. iv, wing scales), and one termed maculipes arabiensis by Patton found in the Aden Hinter- land. Tvpe in British Museum. T. whitmorei, Giles. Theobald says (Monog., v, 431) that Mr. Carter has examined the type and reports it a distinct ‘‘ Leucomyia.’? See Thec- baldiomyta. Type in British Museum. CHRYSOCONOPS, Goeldi. Os. Mosq. no Para, I14. Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 491. C. aurites, Theob. Removed here from Taentorhynchus. App. Loc.—Kuala Lumpur, 10-xi-o2 and 25-v-02 [Durham]. Miss Ludlow says it has occurred in the Philippines. 7 ype in British Museum. 1912.] E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 481 C. brevicellulus, Theob. Removed here from Taeniorhynchus. ADD. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 389, 7 @. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 163, 7 92. App. Loc.—Ceylon [Green]; Sylhet, Saugar, Manipur Haut (Feb., May, June), Manipur, Aug. [Gourlay]; Calcutta, August; Philippines (¢. Lud/., Can. Ent., xli, 234). Leicester describes from a large series taken in bungalows at Kuala Lumpur. He says the & is described for the first time, but Blanchard antedates him. Type in the British Museum. C. conopas, Frnfld. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 387, 2 (conopus). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 166, 9. N.6.—Blanchard spells it conopus, but Theobald reverts to the original spelling. Miss Iudlow says it has been recorded from the Philippines. Leicester describes from a single @ from Klang jungle, saying it is a very distinct and easily recognized species. C. ochraceus, Theob. App. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 164. Described from specimens taken in bungalows at Kuala Lum- pur. Referred here from Taeniorhynchus by Theobald. Type in British Museum. C. pygmaeus, Theob., 1908. Rec. Ind: Mus. i. 300, 2. Loc. ctt., iv, 25, @ pl. i, wing, pl. ili wing scales: Monog. Culic., v, 435, 7 @, fig. 192 wing, 193 head @, 194 genitalia o, 195 wing @. Described from a single perfect 2 from Sylhet [Hal/]. The @ described later, from examples from Purnea, Raj- mahal, and Calcutta in July and August. Type » 2 in Indian Museum, co-fype @ in British Museum. Dr. Annandale says the eyes of the @ are iridescent in life. d MANSONIA, Blancl App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 375, generic chars. ~ 2. Leices., Culic. Malaya, I71. 482 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, M. annulata, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 174, 9. Described from examples from bungalows at Kuala Lumpur and elsewhere near rivers. Near uniformis. M. annulifera, Theob. ApD. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 380, ?. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 174, @ (copies Theobald’s description). App. Locs.—Sylhet, May, June [Hall]; Manipur [Gourlay] ; Calcutta, Aug. and Dec.; Port Canning, Dec. [Annandale]; Pur- neah, Oct. ; Bhogaon, 7-vili-og [both Bengal, and Paiva]. N.B.—At one time placed by Theobald in Mansoniotdes:! Type in British Museum. M. annulipes, Wlk. App. Syn.—Mansonia nero, Dol., t. Blanch., Moust., 380, ¢@. ADD. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 172, 7 @. This latter author describes both sexes from a series taken in jungle near Klang, Kuala Iumpur, Port Swettenham and Jugra. Very local, troublesome in jungle; probably a river breeder, according to Leicester. I took one in Calcutta, 6-x-04. Type in British Museum. M. arabica, Giles, 1905. Journ. Trop. Med., May 1906, 130. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 451. Loc.—Isle of Barham, North Arabia. N.B.—Properly speaking, should not be included in Oriental lists. M. chrysogona, Knab, 1909 (November). Entom. News Philad., xx, 386, 7 @. ‘“Chrysoconopas aurites,”’ Ludlow. Described from one ~ and two ? @? from Parang, Mindanao (Phil. Is.), 31-v-06. Type (cat. No. 12,626) in United States National Museum. In describing this species Miss Ludlow was under the impres- sion she had Taeniorhynchus aurites, Theob., before her (¢. Kab). M. seguini, Laveran (Panopliies 1d.). Blanchard admits this species asa good one (Moust., 380, @ ), from Hanoi, Tonkin, taken in the military hospital during the 1 ** First Rep. on Culic. in Ind. Mus. ColJ.,’> Rec. Ind. Mus., ii, 287—302 (1908). Ig12.] E. Brunetti: Catalogue of Oriental Culictdae, 483 fever season (July to September), where it was found to suck blood. ‘Theobald (Monog. Culic., iv) notes that he has seen no ex- ample of the species, and that from the description he considered it identical with wntformis. In the ‘‘ Genera Insectorum” the name seguwini is not men- tioned. Theobald’s latest suggestion is ‘‘ close to, if not, wniformis, Theob.” ” M. septempunctata, Theob. App. Rer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 494, ?. Closely related to WM. annulipes, W1k. M. uniformis, Theob. App. REF,—Blanch, Moust., 379, 2. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 171, @ 9. App. Locs.—Sylhet 1, ii, ili, v, vi, vii, xii [Hall]; Mani- pur, June and Sept.,in stable and bungalow; Gopkuda Is., Lake Chilka, August; Bhogaon, 30-ix-o8 and Oct.; Katihar, Oct. [both Paiva]: Balighai, near Puri, 23-x-08; Travancore and Cochin States, 19-xi-o8 and 4-xi o8, ‘‘ very common in bungalows;’’ Cal- cutta, 2-vii-07; Rangoon, 25-11-08 [all Annandale]; Kuala Lumpur. N.B.— Leicester says it isin some parts of Kuala Lumpur the most troublesome mosquito after C. fatigans, W. He describes the @ for the first time. He has only bred one example of the species ; from a larva taken in a swamp. Very common throughout the Philippines all the year round, according to Miss Ludlow’s extensive tables, though she notes it is much more abundant during the winter. It is recorded from many parts of Africa, also Madagascar and Australia, and it is a very variable species. Tvpe in British Museum. MANSONIOIDES, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 498. ‘‘ closely related to Mansonia.’’ M. annulifera, Theob. Replaced in Mansonia. M. septemguttata, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 499, 2 , figs. 226, 227 wings @. Loc.—Sarawak [ Dr. Barker]. Type in British Museum. 484 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. IV, ETIORLEPTIOMYIA, Theob. Syn. O’Reillia, Ludl., 1905. Can. Ent., xxxvii, Ior. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv. 505. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 178 (‘‘ position undetermined”’). Spelt Etorleptiomyia originally and placed in Corethrinae, but Theobald now considers it ‘‘undoubtedly culicid,’’ though the proboscis is characterised as very weak. E. completiva, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 178, o. Leicester thinks that the unique specimen sent him by Dr. Finlayson of Singapore, and from which this description was drawn up, represents the ~ of some species of this genus. Theobald only describes the ? of his genus. E. [uzonensis, Ludl. App. REF —Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 506, @. Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. MELANOCONION, Theob. App. RreF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 507, further generic notes. Glen Herrick, Ent. News Philad. (1905), p. 282. Blanch., Moust., 395, 7 2. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 136. M. juxtapallidiceps, Theob., rgto. Monog. Culic., v, 456, @. A single @ inthe British Museum, from Trincomalee, Ceylon, taken by Green, Oct. 1907. M. ornatus, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 508 @ , fig. 231 wing °. M. pallidiceps, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 509 @. M. uniformis, Theob. App. ReF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 136, 7 @. Redescribed by Leicester from bred examples from hollow bamboo and other jungle trees. Probably entirely sylvan. Leices- ter notes that his present description corrects some errors in his IgI2. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 485 previous one sent to Mr. Theobald for publication in ‘‘ The Entomo- logist.’’ OCULEOMYIA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 515. O. fulleri, Ludl., 1909 Cane Bate, xii, 975. 9. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 478 @ (Ludlow’s descr. copied). Loc.—Parang, Mindanao, Phil. Is., October. N.B.—Miss TL,udlow spells the genus Oculiomyza. O. sarawakii, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic.,iv, 515 @ , fig. 236, head and @ haltere; 237, wing 2; pl. vi, wing scales 9°. Loc.—Sarawak [Dr. Barker}. Described from a unique speci- men. Type in British Museum. POPEA, Ludlow. This genus is now placed by Theobald (Monog., iv) between Leicesteria and Howardina. It is, by the way, almost preoccupied by Poppea, Stal., 1867, in Hemiptera. P. lutea, Ludlow. Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. RACHIONOTOMYIA, ‘Theob. App. REF.—-Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 518. In this volume Theobald places this genus next to Oculeomyia R. ceylonensis, Theob ADD. REF.—-Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 518, @. Type in British Museum. FINLAYA, Theob. App. RerF.—Blanch., Moust., 415. N.B.—Mr. Theobald (Monog., iv) considers this genus and Orthohbodomyia as intermediate between Culicinae and Aedinae. F. aranetana, Banks. Loc.—Negros Occidental, Phil. Is., 17—24-vi-1g06 486 Records of the Indian Museum. (VoL. IV, F. poicilia, Theob. App. Rrer.—Blanch., Moust., 415. N.B.—Theobald notes that the figure of wing scales on page 283 (Monog., ili) is slightly incorrect, and shows a corrected wing in vol. iv, 520, fig. 238, with other notes. Papuan specimens differ a little from Malayan ones. The species is recorded from N. Queensland by Dr. Bancroft. Type in British Museum. ORTHOPODOMYIA, Theob. App. Rrer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 527. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 175. Theobald admits this as intermediate between Culicinae and ‘ Aedinae.”’ Leicester (Joc. cit.) notes its affinities with Aedeo- myinae. O. albipes, Leices. in Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 527, 7 @. Leices.,, Culick Malaya, 1760517024: Leicester describes in above work from a long series bred from larvae from bamboos. Sylvan, probably not a blood-sucker. Type in British Museum. Of maculata, Mheobss 19x0: Rec. dards. 1visn2G., e orn Monog. Culic., v, 473, &. A single »: Indian Museum, from Maddathorai, 17-xi-08 [| Annandale). O. maculipes, Theob., 1gro. Monog. Culic., v, 470, fig. 208 head @ , 209 wing, 210 wing @ (2 error for o~). Loc.—Andaman Is., 22-vii-o8 [Lowis and Ray White]; Pera- deniya, Ceylon, 5-vii-og [Green]; Maddathorai, S. India, 17-x1-08 [Annandale]. Tvpe @ Indian Museum, ? British Museum. O. nigritarsis, var. Leicester notes (Culic. Malaya, 177) a new variety of this species, stating its affinities with O. albifes, but I have found no mention of any species of the nate of nzgritarsis. The specimen was taken in the hollow of a tree on a small island, Pangkor-Haut, by Dr. Daniels. REEDOMYIA, Ludlow. Syn. Lepidotomyia, Theob., Ann. Mus. Hung, ili, 80. App. REF.—Reedomyta, id., Monog. Culic., iv, 257, 7 2. 1g912.]} E. Bruner: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 487 N.B.—Theobald (l.c., iv, 249) notes that his Lepzdotomyza in Ann. Mus. Hung., iii, referred to, and is a synonym of Reedomyta. His second genus under this name stands good, with at pres- ent four Oriental species. R. alboscutellata, Theob. Removed here from ‘‘ Leptdotomyra.”’ App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 261 ? , fig. 80 wing @. Leices , Culic. Malaya, 132, 7 2 (Lepidotomyza id.). The latter author redescribes it from a series of adults from jungle near Kuala Lumpur, and from bred specimens from larvae from a jungle pool. Theobald spells this species alboscutella in vol. v, 257; presumably in error. Type in Hungarian Museum. R. lowisii, Theob., 1910. Monog. Culic., v, 257, 7 @; fig. 121 ¢ head, 122 wing, 123 head o , 124 wing o. Loc.—Andaman Isles [Lows and Ray White]; Galle, Ceylon, 6-iv-07 [Bainbrigge Fletcher]. Type in British Museum. R. niveoscutellata, Theob. ADD. REF.—Theob. fore ungues. Resembles Culex pipiens. Miss Iudlow says it has been recorded from the Philippines. Tvpe in British Museum. Monog. Culic., iv, 259, 7 @ ; fig. 79 @ ’ R. pampangensis, Ludlow. App. ReF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 258, 2. Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. Sub.-Family AEDEOM YINAE. App. Rers.—Aedeinae, Blanch., Moust., 398 (table of genera) Aedinae, Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 537. Aedeomyinae, Leices., Culic. Malaya, I8o. Leicester gives notes on sub-family, also table of genera, in which he includes Deinocerites, Theob., Aedeomyia, Theob., Aedes, Mg., Atoretomyia, Leices., gen. nov., Acalleomyia, Leices., gen. nov., Verrallina, Theob., Mimomyia, Theob., Uranotaenia, Theob..,! Ficallia, Theob., Hodgesia, Theob., Zeugnomyta, Leices., gen. nov., ' Incorrectly attributed to Theobald instead of Arribalzaga, 488 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, Colonemyia, Leices., gen. nov., Topomyza, Leices., gen. nov., Haema- gogus, Theob., Skeivomyza, Leices., gen. nov. Several of these genera are not represented in the East. Inhis ‘‘ genera of the Aedes type’ Col. Alcock sinks Mimomyta, Theob., and Pseudoskusea, Theob. SKUSEA, Theob. By some authors referred to this sub-family, but herein it is retained in its position in my Catalogue. LEPTOSOMATOMYIA, Theob. Evratum.—In my reference to this genus (Cat., p. 362) change Dp: S0-to pe mo: L. lateralis, . Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 548 7 ; fig. 252, head, scutelium ungues & The type is partly dissected. I am uncertain whether it reposes in the British Museum or the Hungarian Museum. AEDEOMYIA, Theob. App. RrF.—Blanch., Moust., 403, ~ @ , fig. 255, var. generic chars. eices, Culic: Malaya. rom This author says he cannot agree with Theobald in the rela- tionship of this genus to Aedes. ‘‘Even the = palpi, the only point of agreement, are very different from those in Aedes.’’ A. catasticta, Knab, 1909. Ent. News Philad., xx (November), 387, ?. He only describes the 2 , apparently, but he must have had both sexes present as, in comparing it with A. sguamitpenna, Arrib.., he says ‘‘the @ genitalia of the two species show specific differ- ences: « A. squamipenna, Arrib. (Aedeomyia squammipenna, Theob., Monog., vol. ii, ¢. Leices.) App. REF. Blauch.. Moust., 404. 9 (squamtpennts). Leices., Culic. Malaya, 182, @ 2 (squammtpenna). App. Locs.—Example; taken occasionally during the year in bungalows at Kuala Lumpur; Calcutta, at ight, November; base of Dawna Hills, 2-iti-08 [Annandale]; at light at sea, 4 miles off Tuticorin, 25-v-08 [ Parva]. N .B.—Weicester reverses the correct quotation of this species, making it appear asif Arribalzaga’s name was a synonym, whereas the species was first described by him. 1912. | E. Brunerrt: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 489 PSEUDOGRAHAMIA, Theob., rgto. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 26, near Grahamia, Theob. P. aureoventer, Theob., 1gto.' boexcil, 275. 2 . Loc.—Pallode, Travancore State, S. India, 16-xi-08, a single ? [Annandale]. ‘“A very marked and beautiful species which cannot be con- fused with any other culicid.’’ N.B.—Care must be taken to avoid confusion through the similarity of these generic names, Grahamia, Pseudograhamia, Grab- hamia and Pseudograbhamia. SQUAMOMYIA, ‘'Theob., IQI0. Ree. Inds. Mus; 1v,-28. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 529. S. inornata, Theob., 1910. Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 28, 7. Theob., Monog. Culic., v. 529, &. Described from a single ~ in the Indian Museum from the Dawna Hills (2—3 000 ft.), 2 or 3-iii-08 [Annandale ,. AEDES, Mg. App. REeF.—Blanch., Moust., 399,77 @. Leices. , Culic. Malaya, 183. ‘This genus is closely related to Culex and Melanoconion on the one hand, and less so to Atovetomyia amongst the Aedeomyinae. In fact, nothing could better show how unscientific is a classifica- tion based on palpi, than that genera so closely related as Culex, Melanoconion and Aedes should be placed in different families ”’ (Leicester). ae N.B.—-Leicester, I hope, means ‘‘ sub-families. ”’ A. butleri, Theob. N.B.—In his Monog., iii, 295, Theobald created the genus Verralina for Aedes butleri and two other species; and Blanchard (Moust., 417) retains the genus, but in the ‘‘ Genera Insectorum ” Theobald does not mention it, referring butlert to the *‘ uncertain ‘position ”’ section of the species of Aedes. Type in British Museum. | This species has inadvertently been dealt with before, see p. 460. The mistake was discovered too late for correction in the text.—Ed. 490 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOL. IV A. malaya, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 184,°¢?. Bred from larvae from pond in Kuala Lumpur. A. nigrescens, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 540, fig. 246 wing 2, 247 o genitals, pl. vi, wing scales @. Loc —Castle Rock (Canara Dist., S.-West India), Jan. to March. ‘A very small species, looking like a Melanoconion’’ (Theob.). Type in British Museum. AIORETOMYIA, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 185. ‘‘ Near Verrallina and Howardina.” A. aedes, Leices., 1908. (LOGIC. COR ore One o& bred from a larva from a pond in Kuala Lumpur, the species doubtfully referred by the author to this genus. A. ostentatio, Leices., 1008. OG RCIL A elOGk ee Described from a series of 2 92, some from larvae from a jungle pool, and some taken as adults. Sylvan species, a vicious day biter. A. perdita, Leices., 1908. EOC MEU OZ oe Description drawn up from recollection from a single ~ taken at midday in jungle five miles from Kuala Lumpur. The tv£e is lost. A. singularis, Leices., 190%. LOCC SO. ors A single # from a bungalow in Kuala Lumpur. A. taeniata, Leices., 1908. EOC RCIEG OOD Two @ @ only taken at midday in jungle near Kuala Lumpur. 1912. ] E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 491 A. varietas, Leices., 1908. LOCK Ctt., T8554 2%. Fairly common in Malayan jungle, where the @ bites viciously. Occurs at Kuala Lumpur, Ulu Gombak, Pangkor Haut and Klang. Leicester only bred one example, a ~. AGAEEEBOMYIA, Weices., 1908. EDC. 6tl_. TOA: A. obscura, Leices., 1908, emend. mihi. Loc. ctt., 194, & @ (obscurus). No notes or dates are given. VERRALLINA, Theob.; 1903. Monog. Culic., iii, 295. ADD. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 196. V. butleri, Theob. (Aedes. id.) Theob., Monog. Culic., ii, 230 App. Re¥F.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 196, 7 2. The o@ described for the first time. The commonest mosquito in the mangrove swamps; not unlike Stegomyia fusca, Weices. : larva living in brackish pools in mangrove swamps. N.B.—Al\though Theobald created Verrallina for this species, he ignores the genus in the ‘‘ Genera Insectorum,”’ placing butleri in the ‘‘uncertain position ’’ section of Aedes. But in vol. v he replaces it in the present genus Type in British Museum. V. fragilis, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 199, o@. A sylvan species in jungle near Kuala Lumpur. N.B.—Possibly the same species as malayi; if so, the name fragilis must stand. V. imitator, Leices., 1908. EGeaciis 201, 9 . Two 2? ¢ from jungle five miles from Kuala Lumpur. Types rather damaged, but distinct. 492 Records of the Indian Museum [Vor. IV, V. indecorabilis, Leices. , 1908. Loc.-ctt., ZOO Or Sie Bred from larvae from small jungle pool near Kuala Lumpur. Very near zmitator. Wi malayi, Leices., 1908. Loe. cit. Oo ree One ¢ in jungle ten miles from Kuala Lumpu ? 2 of fragilis (Leicester). V. virilis, Leices., 1908. OG. Cite, MOF One o& from jungle a few miles from Kuala Lumpur Near V. malayi BOLBODEOMYIA, Theob., 1910 Ree: Inds Mus. av oi. B. complex, Theob I FASC: 5, IQLO. SS Slite ieaacee Monog. Culic., o, 255 wing @. Loc.—Dawna Hills V, 581, 7 @, fig. 253 @& genitalia, 254 wing , 2—3,000 ft., I— 3-11-08 [ Annandale]. Types (a unique pair) in Indian Wereere N.B.—There is a Bolbodimyia by Bigot, 1892, in Tabanidae (Wien. Ent. Zeit., xi, 162). MIMOMYIA, Theob. REF.—Blanch., Moust. IGeIces:: ADD. Moust., 419. Culic. Malaya a, 202; notes, apparently criticising its place in this sub-family M. chamberlaini, Ludlow Vide Ludlowia. M. minuta, Theob., 1908. Rec. Ind. Mus. Theob., Loc. cit., iv, 30, 2 ; pl. i wing, pl. 111 wing scales Id., Monog. Culic., v, 531, o 9, fig. 226 wing. Locs.—Sylhet, 27-xi-o4 [Hall]; Calcutta, 4-vili-07 [| Annandale]. Types in British Museum. Sites Oiectore 30-vii and 3 or 1Q12. | FE. BRuNnET?I1: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 493 RUNCHOMYIA, Theob. Syn. Binotta, Blanch., 1904 (Archiv. de Parasit , viii, 478). Blanchard’s name, suggested, on account of alleged preoccu- pation (Rhynchomyia, R. Des., in Muscinae), cannot stand, the names not being identical. R. philippinensis, Giles. App. Rer.—Theob. , Monog. Culic., v, 555 (copies Giles’s descr.). Type in British Museum. Theobald has not seen it, but says that Banks says ‘‘ this species is identical with Uvanotaenia nitidoventer Giles, but both are incorrectly placed as to genera.”’ Mr. Carter also thinks the present species neither a Runchomvyia nor a Uvanotaeni«. LU DLOWIA, Theob:, 2907. Monog. Culic., iv, 193, o. Established for Mimomvyia chamberlaint, Iadlow, also to comprise a Soudanese species. L. chamberlaini, Ludlow. (Mimomyra td., Ludlow.) App. REF.—Theob., Moiiog. Culic., iv, 194, 7 (Miss Ludlow’s description copied). N.B.—This author adds that since vol. iv of his Monograph went to press Miss Ludlow has sent him a description of the @. Type in British Museum. L. minima, Ludlow, 1907. Can Hit, .cx xis gare an 12. Theob. description). Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. , Monog. Culic., v, Ig1, 7 2 (copies Miss Ludlow’s ANISOCHELEOMYIA, Theob. App. REeF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 570. A. alboannulata, Theob. App, RreF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 573, o, fig. 267 wing @: pl. vii wing scales 9 N.B.—Type (unique) in British Museum. ‘* The species is a very beautiful and marked one, and cannot be confused with any other ” (Theob.). 494 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor. IV, A. albitarsis, Ludlow. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 576, 9 (Miss Ludlow’s description copied). N.B.—Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. Theo- bald thinks its place in this genus doubtful. FICALBIA, Theob: App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 418. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 228. F. longirostris, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malava, 228, 7 ¢. Bred from larvae from stagnant water at Kuala Klang in January ; a very distinct species. Apparently slightly aberrant. F. minima, Theob. App. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 418 N.B.—First placed in Uvanotaenia, then referred here. As Theobald (Monog., v) retains a species of this name under both genera, it is left here for the present. Type in British Museum. F. simplex, Theob. ADD. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 418. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 541, 2 , fig. 235 wing. B] App. Loc.—Two ¢@ @ from Trincomalee, xi-1906 {Green|}. Type in British Museum. PSEUDOURANOTAENIA, Theob., 1905. Journ. Econ. Biol.,; i, 33. Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 566, fig. 262 (p. 567) wing o. P. parangensis, Ludl., 1909. Can Ents xii 249. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 524 (copies Miss Ludlow’s descrip- tion). Loc.—Parang, Mindanao (Phil. Is.). P. triangulata, Lud!., 1908. Can-wlnt. oxi 331 oe Theob., Monog. Culic., v tion). I1oc.—Reine Regente, Mindanao (Phil. Is.) ; February. 525 (copies Miss Ludlow’s descrip- b 1g12.]| E. Brunetti: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 495 URANOTAENIA, Arrib. App. Rer.—Blanch., Moust., 406, @ @ generic chars. Leices.. Culic. Malaya, 203 (genus incorrectly attributed to Theobald). Table of 18 new Malayan species. U. argyrotarsis, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 214, 7 @. Described from series bred from larvae from a pool in a patch of jungle five miles from Kuala Lumpur, and one adult on surface of same pool. Very distinct. UW? atra, Cheob- App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 563, 2 . U. bicolor, Leices., 1908 Culic. Malaya, 225, 7” @. Bred from larvae from the marshy edges of a jungle stream in Kuala Lumpur. Leicester has not captured the adult, which is the largest Malay species after maxima. U. bimaculata, Leices., 1908. L0G. c1t., 226, 9x Fairly common in damp places of jungle at ‘‘ The Gap,”’ Kuala Lumpur, the only place it seems to occur at. U. bimaculiala, Leices., 1908. Lotscit., 208. a 3 . The o from Raub jungle; the @ described from a series caught over jungle pools (presumably at Kuala Lumpur). Near untmaculiala. U. caeruleocephala, ‘heob., var. lateralis, Ludlow. In vol. v Theobald makes it a species. U. campestris, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 212, 7 2°. Very near Verrallina pygmaea, Theob. Captured on swampy ground. 406 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor aayE U. cancer, Leices., 1908. LOC. Ct, 2n5,on Oe Abundant in crab holes at Port Swettenham, and among Nepah paims at that place, and Klang. larvae in crab holes or stagnant pools. Male very distinct. U. ceylonica, Theob., 1910. Monog. Culic., v, 503, 2 , fig. 213 wing. Loc.—Galle, Ceylon, 10-iv-07 | Bainbrigge Fletcher]. Type (a unique specimen) in British Museum. UW: fusca, Veices., 1608: Culic. Malaya, 227, 7 @. Described from a series bred from larvae from a pool at Sungei Limbing, Malay Peninsula, taken by Dr. Daniels. U. lateralis, Ludl. Phil. Journ: Scix 4. .coo: Syn. U. caeruleocephala, Th., var. lateralis, Ludl. Mosq. Phil. Ses palo: U. longirostris, Leices., 1908. IBOGS Che ODE 7e oe Only one specimen knowr, bred from a pupa taken in a pond (presumably at Kuala Lumpur). U. lutescens, Leices., 1908. Loc. Cit..222 A bamboo sylvan breeder, Leicester has not taken the adult form. Presumably from Kuala Lumpur. U. maculipleura, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 223, °. Only one specimen known, taken by a jungle stream six miles from Kuala Lumpur. U. malayi, Theob. ADD. REF.—Blanch., Moust., 410. Type in British Museum. 1gI2.| E. BRuNE?TII: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 497 U. maxima, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya;.221, 2% Described from specimens taken at ‘‘ The Gap.’’ Selangor. The largest Malay species. Dr. Leicester possesses a ” which may be that of this species. U. micans, Leices., 1908. oc. Cit. 200. ar 9: Described from a series taken on marsh land, Malaysia. U. minima, Uheob: See Ficalbia 1d. U. modesta, Leices., 1908. Culic: Malayay 2718, vo" 2. Described from a series bred from larvae from water in a hollow tree in Ampang jungle. U. nitidoventer, Giles. See Runchomyia philippinensts. Wiaenivea,eices. 1908: LOG Ct... 2EL, 0". Only one specimen known, taken by Dr. Leicester in his bungalow at Kuala Lumpur. U. nivipleura, Leices., 1908. FOC: (Cita. 2G. os. Described from a single pair: o@ taken by Leicester at ‘* The > . . Gap,” Selangor, @ sent by Dr. Finlayson, bred from a larva in a pitcher plant at Singapore. U. powelli, Iudl., 1909 Cana) nites aiinee ss, 42. Theob., Monog. Culic., v, 519, ?. The locality is given as Yayabas (Phil. Is.), which is probably a misprint for Tayabas. January. U. testacea, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 560, 2 , fig 258 wing @. App. Loc.—Base of Dawna Hills, 4-iii-o8 [Annandale]; Phil. Is. [¢, Ludlow]. 498 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoLz TVs, U. trilineata, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 204, 2 I,arvae found in quiet pools, adults in neighbourhood of jungle pools. The only species in Malaysia with a banded proboscis. U. unilineata, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 220; 7 9. In jungle close to water, Leicester has found females full of blood. Malaysia. U. unimaculata, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 210, 2. Near water in jungle, Malaysia. oo unknown. ZEUGNOMYIA, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 231. Links Uranotaenta to Colonemyta and Skeiromyia, and thence to Wvyeomyia. Z. gracilis, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 232, 7 @. Faitly common in certain localities, especially October to December ; a vicious biter. Occurs all the year sparsely at Jugra and Kuala Lumpur. Larvae in water in fallen leaves, feeding on other larvae. (Lezcester). COLONEMYIA, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 233. C. caeruleocephala, Leices., 1908. LOC NCE eS ae OF, Described from a series of both sexes bred from larvae from bamboo water at Bukit Kutu and Ulu Klang (Malaysia). C. hybrida, Leices., 1908. Woenctt @e2a7 One 2 at Bukit Kutu; quite distinct. 1912.] E. Brunerri: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 499 C. mendacis, Daniels, 1908. Studies from Instit. for Med. Research (Fed. Malay States), iii, 266, 7-2. ‘* Notes on the Mosquitoes on the river and coast district of the eastern side of the Peninsula,’? C. W. Daniels. N.B.—Sequential to Leicester’s paper. Bred from larvae from pitcher plants on East Coast, Malay Peninsula. TOPOMYIA, Leices:, 1908. Culic. Malaya, 238. Very near Zeugnomyta and Colonemyta. T. argyropalpis, Leices., 1908. 0c. tis, 242) oF 2% A unique o from a stream at “‘ The Gap,”’ Selangor, in April. The unique 2 by a jungle stream five miles from Kuala Lumpur in March. T. argyroventralis, Leices., 1908. Loc. ctt., 240, 7 Q. Described from 2 7 @ and a series of @ @ from ‘‘ The Gap,”’ Selangor, near jungle streams. Possibly the two sexes described under this name by Leicester are not of the same species, but T. tipuliformis may be the real ~. (Leicester.) N.B.—If this should prove the case, the name must stand for the o@ according to zoological precedent, and ‘“‘ argyroven- tralis@”’? be sunk as the 2 of ‘‘ tepuliformis;’’ the present sug- gested o& of argyroventralis being either renamed or allowed to retain that specific name. T. decorabilis, Leices., 1908. Loc. ctt., 239, 2 One o@ and @ at ‘‘ The Gap,’’ Selangor, in jungle. T. durbitans, Leices., 1908. Bore 240, 2., A unique 2 from ‘‘ The Gap ”’ in May. T. gracilis, Leices., 1908. Loc. ctt., 244, oo. ‘*The Gap, ’’ Selangor, May. 500 Records of the Indian Museum. [VOrL.sIvsS T. minor, Leices., 1908. Lockctie 236,019". In jungle near Kuala Lumpur near streams. Both sexes, when settled, have a habit of dancing up and down like certain Tipulidae. T. nigra, Leices., 1908. OCCt 2A 5 oe Near jungle streams at Ampang, six miles from Kuala Lumpur, May. T. rubithoracis, Leices., 1908. Loc. ciut., 243, 7 &. Described from two @ o@ and a series of 2? 2. T. tipuliformis, Leices., 1908. LOC. Cts, 2AF, Oe Several ~ @ near a stream in ‘“‘ The Gap’”’ jungle, and in the dried bed of a stream at Raub. Leicester suggests that this may be the o of ‘‘ vubithorax’’ (; lapsus). He also previously suggests it is the same as argvroventralis (vide note under argyroventralts). Abdomen very thin, longer proportionately than in any other species of the family, and in general appearance closely resembling several species of Tipulidae. SKEIROMYIA, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 248. S. fusca, Weices:, 1906; LOE. Ctt.5 ZAGA NC). @. Leicester has not seen the adult, except when bred, from larvae, which are common in bamboo. HODGESIA, Theob. App. REF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 229. N.B.—To the generic definition, Leicester proposes to add ‘antennae pilose in @ and @?.’’ H. malayi, Leices., 1908. Culie; Malaya, 23n8 oo Described from a series bred from jungle pools near Kuala Lumpur. 1912.] E. Brunetti: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 501 H. quasisanguinae, Leices., 1908, oe. cit. 230, 2% . In jungle near Kuala Lumpur; a vicious biter, H. sanguinea, Theob. Type in British Museum. WYEOMYIA, Theob. App. RrEF.—Leices., Culic. Malaya, 250. N.B.—Leicester admits a sub-family Wyeomyinae, with the following genera: Wyeomyia Theob., Phoniomyta Theob., Dendro- myia Theob., Runchomyia Theob., Sabethes, Sabethoides, Goeldia, Limatus, Malaya, Leices., all gen. nov. ; giving a table of them, several however not being Malayan. W. aranoides, Theob. App. REeF.—Blanch., Moust., 425. Type in British Museum. W. funerea, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 252, 2. A unique @ from jungle six miles from Kuala Lumpur. W. greenii, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 596. Blanch., Moust., 423. App. Loc.—Peradeniya [Green]. N.B.—Mr. Theobald omitted this spectes from the ‘* Genera Insectorum’’ but mentions it, as above, for a good species. Type in British Museum. W. metallica, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 251, ?. A unique @ in bungalow at Bukit Kutu, Malaysia. W. nepenthicola, Banks, IgIo. Phil Journ. sci. iv, 550, 7 ¢. Loc.— Benguet, Trinidad (Phil. Is.}. Bred from larvae in pitchers of Nepenthes alata, Bl. Type # @ (No. 8159) in entomological coll., Bureau of Science, Manila. 502 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vor IV, PHONIOMYIA, Theob. bf Evratum.—“ Vol. ii’’ is a misprint for vol. ili in my Catalogue , p. 365. App. REeF.—Blanch., Moust., 425. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 253. N.B.—The name of this genus is likely to be confounded with Phonomyia established in Tachinidae by Brauer and Bergenstamm in 1894. P. bimaculipes, Theob. App. Rer.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 600, @. ‘A very distinct and beautiful species ” (Theob.). P. caeruleocephala, Theob., rgto. Monog. Culic., v, 577, 7 @ , fig. 252 wing. Loc.—Hakgala, Ceylon, iii-o7 [Green]. Types, a unique pair, in British Museum. -P. indica, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic.,iv,601, 7, fig. 275 wing @. Redescribing the species in this volume, the author repeats, “‘Described from a perfect o,’ and again makes no direct reference to the @, yet he figures a wing marked @. Is this in error ? In vol. v he says simply that the ¢yfe is from Singapore. Leicester records a ~ and two 2 2 from jungle, six miles from Kuala Lumpur. POLYLEPIDOMYIA, Theob. App. REeF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 625. P. argenteiventris, Theob. App. REF.—Theob., Monog. Culic., iv, 625, fig. 292 wing @. N.B.—The tyfes were taken November and December 1892. DENDROMYIA, Theob., 1903. Monog. Culic., ili, 313. Blanch., Moust., 426. Leices., Culic. Malaya, 254. Syn. Heinzmannia, Ludlow. N.b.—Heinzmannia is sunk for Dendromyia. Mr. Theobald says (Monog., iv, 603) that, due to some error of his in writing to 1912.]| E. Brunert1: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 503 Miss Ludlow, she founded her genus on a species which is an un- doubted Dendromyia. D. achaetae, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 257, 2: Described from a single example; genitalia very concealed, and sexes very alike in this genus. D. aureochaeta Leices., 1908. EE OGwOth. 255; 9 A series of @ 2 taken by day in jungle near Kuala Lumpur in April and May. D. communis, Leices., 1908. Loc. ctt., 254, 2. Described from one ~ and a series of 9 2 from ‘‘ The Gap,” Selangor. D. scintillans, Ludlow. (Heinzmannia id., id.) This species was described from a perfect 2 , except that the antennae are missing. Type in Army Medical Museum, Washington. PHILODENDROMYIA, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 623. P. barkeri, Theob., 1907. Monog. Culic., iv, 623, @ , fig. 289 head, scutellum, palpus o , fig. 290 wing o , pl. vii, wing scales @. Loc.—Sarawak, in July [Dr. Barker]. Described from two ¢ & taken in a house. Type in British Museum. MALAYA, Leices., 1908. Culic. Malaya, 258. M. genurostris, Leices., 1908. Loc. cit., 258, o. Taken by Dr. Daniels in bungalow in Malay Peninsula. 504 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vo.. IV, HARPAGOMYIA, Melj., 1900. Tijd. voor. Ent., lii, 165. N.B.—The author places this simply in ‘‘ Aedeinae,’’ without any more definite note as to its exact position, so I place it here at the end of this sub-family. H. splendens, Meij., 1909. Tijdav. Ent? lit, 167, °0 9 “pli x, 1 —on(vare figs): Loc.—Java. N.B.—The author notes that this mosquito is eaten by the widely distributed ant Crematogaster difformis, Smith. Sub-Family CORETHRINAE. Corethyva and its allies form a sub-family of Culicidae, and cannot morphologically be separated from this family. The absence of a biting mouth, and the absence of scales on the body are quite secondary characters. Moreover, the discovery in Ceylon quite recently by Major MacDougall, R.A.M.C., of a new genus which Dr. Annandale has described as Ramcta! irrevocably links together, on account of its undeniably intermediate nature, the two groups Culicinae and Corethrinae. The short, feeble proboscis and absence of scales on the head, body and legs approximate it to the Corethrinae, the presence of scales on the distal half of all the longitudinal veins connects it with the Culicinae. T'wo peculiarities of venation distinguish it: the Ist longitudinal vein ends soon after the middle of the wing, running parallel to the auxiliary vein, instead of reaching the distal margin as in both Culicinae and Corethrinae, in this peculiarity resembling Phlebotomus ; and, secondly, the 2nd longitudinal vein begins almost in a line with the origin of the 3rd and comparatively close to it instead of some distance before it, as in both Culicinae and Corethrinae. Only the male is known, but the larva and pupa were also obtained and from the characters of these Dr. Annandale considers its total affinities lie mainly with the Corethrinae. Two short papers of mine® thoroughly: investigate the syno- nymy of Corethra, Mg., Sayomyia, Coq., and Chaoborus, Lichten- stein, with the result that it is found that no species of Corethra, Mg., occurs in the East, the genus being apparently restricted to two or three European species. The genus Sayomyza is antedated by Lichtenstein’s Chaoborus, as admitted by Coquillett himself, and both aszatica, Giles, and cornfordi, Theob., certainly belong here, 1 Thus named, by special request of Major MacDougall, after the Royal Army Medical Corps. 2 ** Synonymy in Corethrinae,’’ Rec. Ind. Mus., iv, 317, and vi, 227. 1912. | E. BRUNETTI: Catalogue of Oriental Culicidae. 505 whilst there can be no reasonable doubt that mantlensis, Sch., is also congeneric. RAMCIA, Annandale, fort. Spolia Zeyl., vii, pt. xxviii, p. 187 (Aug., Ig1T), R. inepta, Annandale, IgIr. Spolia Zeyl., vii, pt. xxviii, p. 189, fig. (p. 188) and plate giving, larva, pupa, wing, and other characters. Type in the possession of Major A. J. MacDougall, R.A.M.C. CHAOBORUS, Lichtenstein, 1800. Syns. Sayomyta, Coq. ‘‘ Corethra’’ Auct. C. asiatica, Giles. App. Locs.—Calcutta Zoological Gardens, May, July, August, ‘*common, resting on damp walls during daytime and flying to light at night’? [Annandale]; also occurs in Calcutta, Septem- ber, November and December; Sibpur (near Calcutta), August ; Katihar, Purnea District, at light. . a) ct o TELIA +e ats 4 iy ‘ OR ae aie Sila 7 Mc Sane) et si oe oh | 7 =" ty St Ae rf ee a en ils hee ie etic ie (eee eae a mis "a 8s SR ah Sais pS key Bue Suste. Cee 7) : LY haan ok ie oe a hia Sg sa aby + ye Bag i = a, Libeed hy - one nihaaiig hive Pn a, ae ; 5° 8 te, - Joye he) aeetars are Se Bt y, r-* raat wis ih ier! Maite aye # Th : ss = ime (eon: ‘ 5 = is aaa wii Reon isth- fia Hl eaRRS Fils on Ps 2 art UTE 4.0 yoe eet Ted, a4 an au ue ot ne aifivhe etre Seti ie ae a pee ie ri. ey ny oF) i eed arity gene Wok bilge Vsatibie hays an ane er cane te & Seba ldiigaie A em, MARS pul sae a ae , oe A. Ea +e ae 2 al aur ’ F bt) ‘. iS. Ges ee a 4 ‘T. bi Lo) - - t _ a ry r hi ‘e oss, on hag Bid Pp . 7 = y é = f % 7 7 = ~ Biel =~ 2 = — _ t aa - © ® » ' Fe i a =) a) ee } a ere oe « ~— » = i { Y 4 ia ~~ ¥ ’ { S = : a : a . = > a 7 8 te. ae > 7 iow —- 7 1) Wee Acalleomyia Leices. 56 acaudata Leices. achaetae Leices. aconita Don. (aconitus) Aedeomyia Theob. AEDEOMYIINAE Leices. aedes Leices. Aedes Mg. AEDINAE Theob. ager Giles Aioretomyia Leices. aitkenii James in Theob. albipes Leices. in Theob. albipes Theob. albirostris Theob. albitarsis Ludl. alboannulata Theob. alboannulatus James and List. albolateralis Theob. albolineata Theob. albolineatus Giles albopictus Skuse albopleura Theob. alboscutellata Theob. albotaeniata Leices. in Theob. albotaeniatus Theob. albus Leices. Aldrichia Theob. Aldrichinella Theob. alis Theob. Amauromyia Leices, ambigua Theob. amboinensis Doles. amesii Ludl. angulata Theob. Anisochelecmyia Theob. annandalei Theob. annandaiei Theob. annularis Wulp annulata Leices annulata Theob. annulata Theob. annulatus Blanch. (Culex) annulifera Theob. annuliferus Ludl. anuulioris Theob. annulipalpis Theob. annulipes W1k. annulirostris Theob. annulitarsis Leices. annuloabdominalis Theob. annulus Theob. Anopheles Mg. s. lato. ; ids idoes. Str. ANOPHELINAE apicalis Theob. Teromyia Dendromyia Anopheles = AEDINAE Aioretomyia Taeniorhynchus Anopheles Orthopodomyia Stegomyia ais Myzomyia nit Anisocheleomyia id. ots os =Myzorhynchus albotaeniatus Theob. Stegomyia Scutomyia Culex .. =Stegomyia scutellaris Wik. Culex 56 Reedomyia Danielsia Myzorhynchus Culex .. =Aldrichirella © Culex ; ‘ ; Grabhamia cit Toxorhynchites .. Stegomyia 3¢ Culex sa Kingia ee Stegomyia Myzomyia ; Mansonia =f aie Culiciomyia % bars e-¢ 40h 44 negenngan inter! rt berg awrdegren pepe ud”? of seers bomete eed Wide mer nore r LL Ldenaubeamoataetia bk ate o Are dbeevidred vee eB oP gagen rede yer® ee Dap bekadebe babedie bree HERERO SEBO DIO OD? port pierrrennreaieryiraert urine ae atedt bho eae prereoicanoeatonrst puheed oly Nb obo tred x rdebiqetee: Hobs poqeqahiepe +r) + biabe nog rela btes 6 shorter obra 4 Ba begede POG eo H> rebeds seg OTMIAE't® n4 b4pr: Deer ees acdidheheeneaeret rte nanny: PeMeNEhohesppshal vert oletintsioiele eterstev-cesenhe' vist sine oe pessianeponereeivenrnenetanrnty teueiipsynhelt oak m ett v we hn ten 0 Serb bew nee dul Hee Seer ben pnnet NE Heyer Ri err Viapsdepyreedt ys tad eeee " An rnen Bron eviOrerr edopegoesetobhatetstaistalels? pote ner eale hat vara tesa eatayl ripe washes h be PP CE TELM Dee et ey athehetogeteooesenetr net vietobanegenoneyetessdi@rastshefe spt eh + ana etn ang 340 Precise ligrecie re Seated ea uereepnt ot sroehmeasoshicieieanetre tats Her ere ghvbepeastiiststnpaqencdsrstorseris gst ese Hs. beasaaseneaees ise bode goes neg ney? st tashtacea taapeurtessiese pice PeameHiiiie beth ta bata sropegesrtrliststndessteereet vit rir et hoped SOM ALE me TP ANE te ert et Lees parbeheanhe hae lanier weritie Se eee cass sbebbkehapeeagicsla layreanet nose neh oe ssabresbenipeberstcts (obetate doer tit. ota soiree rasdnepayedrdthubsepaeead raobriyensair Abate pty asbiasssieiner 1 Pr ee ee poe neolbed out fee wapusstunprnge | itty eT TS Asochsthatele Ft N eee eee aces lohenotene . sbtobohomshshabeeeeeas 1 Yonbarteuiqveebere dake tees dabeh pitta pop paahebo pelos Hathedene) pe of] PM 4 ep ey naehe 4 64 joa DE He \e eens oo hegsdoieh hemenet easel vhe ‘a Rete at Al Prbed Hl oseprhePeOrmrnsh sir oraa gs ronsareroedsfedidet Mepipepee PAO Bode sree hohe ee aneteey CURD nn ery ate: rer ry ie ef Ribene Phpeeee Garehe peered *hobvied ene bet shee parhet nee PAs ote nbaiehehibeisbetel steer ee rosdenennnteng tt sOibr ped sispeethes Chanridaaee Maths ayer yi FADS dot ney ove Weel we. ae ere oe ciapanbehatisohes samenetes “y sass beved ase nw t m4 elie! enenrare Wee] Povoponeteiedot eet ee ee abe vibethomd polseserdetatres p alasabseabbethrbeiniied abet nel poset r iy pa bametndr 4s ben dont marerrnaesequt sen pepeannery near yr hed si ihebuie in iw| vob vant FEME bea qUBY apLbtan} al ybt ej een etaguiabele Oy eee talacb-geteapearavenbeeanneetnt rater yrurss peu stay mae aisen sy ne wi eehohetn niet et et eee eishpacnndreihenieen PRIN cot SOSISA PANEL R VF A AD “ 7 " wi " bibetetovet sheeee Or eles . tok, eh 29 1 ri hesy heyotorrercepeveiiel) yet) ercorreiuerss tat, é brisk ve - ae parses Pye ste’ ante fot potrpegopadateytd tttawi tte e eee eer heh ahehveedehehe etal sds rot Seach socmcheatackecentaatehasenlars ; rt) ene pebrerts Aste drctseartcstaart bem erent pintedsa bite SyArry angie miner Gevnnssaatguait iantarer inten ary be bat arty Msahinn te bent pei shetntsesboned oy. Seer eT stale dit vessebitelbhibecselicteicdciebotebedel aeotrte) wstese| 4 seta i heh aber? Feed apurarbigrarverseet i Hop nnan navesetrelen Bade bl Par yeep arse etapa Abed Pancreat oregon gems: vb baie phir oi rs Shep shybhobobedhototl aeiatien ene Weta artary’ 1 There Tabet iter bolt eihsbe chon aes he phase hie hai gaatind cascete Hn 4) Hobd ob peal 4 oF ee ashrerbrabropbete S aasadaantal r be r a tee * sabe cot i ndetsed ob teacsipetncres ogg Weettytertiy faire uesribinls raniitagt Pyoden initteceenierstumn enn ttit tat searpenuntbartuncchrmepaeee nae tttt tees photoes See areca getebetsoeietodebebe heballninit Nad ohege bs fader « Saath ONCE Ws Holipmumneneyrsd I Heer aboy, f peaninPlbebebrtr bes ob abee -bewehetedetind efhed ntie friepeleptane a7 ibe yonene Bio E S he ee ee asicl raepobspe: secentnbet og . rhv4 i heer! pls eorreeveor rar iew wearer neti Wirtr rt numa FOP eee tee aetobete neaehoreqoneded nol Hi beens bipolshtaen ot oh ; i Mtge Rruebrd sv bene dey ogepenel eld AT or lbbihe niet b & meer yedenegee eboistrvotetoyets repnrtnyeneet: Sinise ipbohoe eeaed eeracnngrss ets wh ba tab ciet 1 eG eeemtViMsqunrgrieey ves yotabervtoy ouitetety pet atodetabed renter phy pouty yet evol obedet st 42 elite tech , be Wer spies mpegetiogeyetodeeetel. abe eve panied phna vane stse ert reeyt itehentan tts aseenh chins bidreobal ions vores ters seek ossenaeet sas aeeetataass sipeene rhe WOreeny dareetat (© a - - ihe br od. Iegebeectaanasongub vororeennrasnsven0eti?( th Prsestariactstits Harare saiesteeteset intel Lbstsorisssintphessesorgstessaiorase seston series erence tsedonryes Peete h itt i | ofiet) C Heeroe “vy Cay euseer es Nanenpediargeent Ghee ee pene rey: 2 bp sde pateqehed ode) o popecreptal aioe Ratthe pelrswose ve if eajedhtabvtaten etpesar’ ogpneaceragee tweeted isatttnrcarate ot teiyenegeatraseansnessy ead ty “up pot eG Sil pinly pebepoetg of VUE GSS Be bein cet Aneriieeene eGo l ef sti heFrenme hr a PHIM ene On Fad BER Home he debe chohegok O>rdeder orem ta dbrebtign heir eet Arte woePeptnrbet or pres aa ponte Ort PHLOEM ET PDEA Dera g vender rredibe Ge Mstietensd padeeeriebhes mvens pr megs lise lsat owes when eholAgepsee gat peobrls Dou alpen Pe rd Dbeheletoteres pete spon rene ade Bovintuet frank ha lipase: Art sobe Chet ere ariveteeaiy ped edotinber portee efnmoge ret HOCe des wags be jes Ligadatin bel of bits tide aio} ofadhat ot Bob: Ty Sharebee Ladaetitone Rad Hib edes Po pet) pad ote A+ gay ob ogyede Haart teodra tod bah pene bepa fhe elo Wenedatieprpofoseren! oe piroron nner Mr OM Ge 4 4orte hed soo) de hee hehe fed ehedobadnnths pehotie trinhensyeasa fens io dep Dh ret udaeat Boke ocr peired cob ahiaden Ligeti We siete +f Gh doh be so eod Un ope ne es an A Tet Ler anaabal obedient BOG er grad bred oieet © 4 or acai’ oe abbiveptaet prraerer yey rrm ee ny ba itoh sarod alyty * | oA OFEHDE obo poe nfl Hh meee ted nt jah rte rhagebebebes + aor om eerete he pas venkepatetet so phe otay ope 2er- 1H (0 sn Ue heheomh rae find th p Pate heted Bed oged > Swen pamtdp pened i Bokefeperehebepe! re ee dhete pa td Madina Aipah op eer gebd pots bois rebtabecsneheg er Uiared fogged etal arr 106 Hot ATO Pebewod ” ” end paDant sree rh Cngernns 4¢ rp4! RT Hib Bolntot dia nbtahemibayecadebthrtebeten br! Betrec sed ebeds 4 Poms ede padi hapenyts 4 4s DRO oped oped Or tace Ritedensenenlt peerehebe te pebened rer wanre ote) oR fe hte 95 hath Ht cee ebakoner werrae eer TT ey ee UDR r he PAHs Biotin Lol oihete Behe owt. Perth olde LLY ph alten , 0 4 a Upeaei(aniyrt ate setatacteorseince? 4+ Geta pogedrere ope hr eet ot 4 i" wars ito vist ee reaintepsarichinenelry fading rstinhasan Arent tent' 1 teeighaegapttenoe erie pApedenate sire totes o< au . Ne Kee efeersepeceranetn Mate erat Teediaea tai rarspravenasrtetel boats ores fefcaiphereatatieegetsqapeimaearonactit rariotetenes os Croan gat Wat aur Re pa i pene inn cay ah Honintst of yet PUSH) PEA HOp HhNy es rere sien rd duet nme plviveded peeiitrt Bint PR: Fee iehevatehvtnia shot ipnnenets lidpefieseaedys britrd «ob tr metetnne ied annte cena velar eT| pertuset ie sep Rolle llote iy oeteditisdotiobetiea Ort kc WMD Lat OR anda nematebiinnndonsyrPoted sab pheerDonivrerdiarefecUenmrnv asin gi medeinsmuntyoysie ae ta hemon b pone nd phe th rid Watpalarpeardpere pny eenreti pehonenitctaurcasvarbedsendshienksir9s) strtegeintctiot at # Artemrees botonoaetot ete Fees aes eetniees a pote eneded enhegerned rs] . hanryacr celles Hebe: Peed t pete Lose F DASA peveroret epobped hott booq yore eet atte feet des Mt seeeueee ment etic Heady hriey La rae rege hia aera Oa A an genes ree piped besa band, $e ‘" a Hives rrhmegsp errs re Htapaninienepean erLen eH tobe puanetbebabsesenned) (i Qeiobopeas tii pdoptl> inh wopenesdntvent oeser See inbeaqeaneas queen Rasheweiehiese> bree tesn rest cheeoe tabpbainap ner potinini oles oprire geben ipelieyrte byte ref: (ter Pogegote gabe peau penen: penal aaaasar vest it4 72° eet sees pra hrbae on ebayer dau wi RTM nore tots Lauryn wane vee Cabshesasidrsrar nent firhets sea yahana ewe nye ait Becarieclentsahoennatetnete ryegrectrteattinacry rckrnues oro tictoieeianeP bs csit; cemuynin ogres vristigtitiase rutin tnearerh oer #8. ny pers sat 4 +" shivenott sehaaiqegehapatelegsnete ye prveneeeber tel) syeat Me thas ? gimsre tele gres pesegeiet s bet Ata watcis! epee a isenoneterecsansiereuenentlitd ee Peesig fthaneeanreMtern pera) rrorol ache ving oprtraeg fa raat tates : incr cara eceat ae apr ; popebat et ell te i Sedna i het \ erbenes De PR INAN eo Pashbed tepshne ragerienehrn.rbi4 ote Obbr bor rvers bed gooeliabe Poth Poye be ceiepsonbege iit wu St get eytneset: 7 " 7 orogeeet 2 wer Serer ibyayhe 7 heats Cone t s mie eSe obab ence rp bonyed DM rit Hye: 4 Sols Sshesseavpbrongnatnneestonroneet cepyennesh hive ae eee laneretrtetedstenvoes herpes qrlorbe batt ehiepetey @ oP eb holete Prat eioausarneen is 0 tire eee ioe roterayaisuetaert poset oetione Pie ererertteee ameter seb oer pe: +4 1a po pad= no = te Deweyrheea lot ieee steph mobenen seed ePote botin4) wenrar ry vs 7 fi alatsartararorenar sisvateine betaine eiepessnrs Nien ibeeey Feet hs ; Pasi “ oe dsive ei be sensed a eeenen reryr reset cos sah 4 " “ Ap baie ty chy MOG renee itse: perodnenyo! eye testa sstcresaursoeenor shovel rtobet roren ia Toni theme armrests rs on 6 o Crtunoneee mile mk Migrate iets ar ; bs Ciules i ; Pubscntaya bebe dore ee Ne Odes ohoh ote, apie an marae e" bbe LALA AOE " yoboret ht ar aT Lon \4 eee eee eee atashonoeetet Phebreeeote cerns pehenrb a warts ‘obes \ Hs Ht saint SONS SPST IO Ort aaeel polivseones eres nant py ttesien 8 “46 nsveleteactenonst sil cab scabphabeterrset sof 4 Horneioke pebehanstateb-peaier pe PiDbum ote ReHier obod nevi aioe Jet panne yar ‘ AiohobobopsenstaniMoneerionetiiions rs ° HOPE amide) sished odevewp te hogsiei pe Doli tariere tte Mprtscacstieseronteresecasieraptoe wenstnsearsrigeeteccth sana Brbihe Ard rt o da pe robitnenc oto etre rho panera neepeapeswonreseny Hirrainet moto an i he Shisnte ynbamventien strict we pivatard otivpnenrarstt os Se peacserewegnecrossccr renwal et rtetett dese ea iieias my 9 sanenee teenie tel te te TSaeroeronpnecesttatiaie-ts> N04 newnde ope bepepod aperrelry r Seis cure ieernepeenesmrnrenieaersHerive Tey jogos v4 4 aainiotes eeopnnrenbetete in taerest te ee + rs ’ rtd) no eerie ret Eee ee eee neaiarett hebbbebohebedanrat navesgononnesgrnet HelOrieer eae tT ae opae intees Per OL etek es, wersemere SH Pity Tr Msenntaseetyr i isayietts A i cegeh ae edegde rite wry eter Sp oeparneneiedl easacloheneas eeese . etaprdsstssenits inh eypa-abersritt ieee paved nye roby rusbebel sunpouneonettet sbbrhti emlertenets shstngingnnelnnertsterranetey et yar her etster talalaluswemeneee i" rt) * nepodebom toot Al gipedndagebrerdetegeds Lie asastrarannonnsnrenetet peonsieeeyyes oratates oaehsbotni thoted ace venetennk elite tetets ansares tint ist p fohedohorrseet Faretseenhe weary series ve ; 6d +e Pr erg bawaen oye carte ehe teaameheprermre peer noreasen nbvesiel Techekobohepepetedehepeye prasechodstevointrtvbere ere ens a umserronnan sporeesiatshacsestaoeprerhnieeaivent eovatt a eiatepepeepereprarent err moraceanltee rho enrnbwnpredobehes peorerrne cet Riese bieterrrre “ sea plohedbeeneboke » bubken oak epennarpiarnririeniaetiye tatrt) 1s HRD Lobe OO ree Pel bem te 09> pent eguh stitnded neni niebebere tote y Tee) pepet pesdobenetepes Sabbehibelabbent i> Mahens-yrnt anh emtiewer sremvmervsseeerer ver ete Ue og hee tte Joheb rt ipreacce tad sack pioneer bee 786 (ebb bo bwcet ol) enois Fi beinerbodeecn pt e-volivesiebetss mririnarwPpech geet Rey ee ie vebobteee wees d eye tey ofeewee eke sossavie eit a" ae shasenst eh hs hre é Measateteesentatocirereroerensanseient® ra boarenaki ly nanped tS OU oteme f0 0" Pe weceu ret eprev verano whonotet Lielergrnbereanpsne ten dees pepe ni Ad eine | veto hr pep springen ripe tapiek oad obey beri aerated wets i rivrdeurcsyrnotitaeM vine re pire eget sd: 92 HIN™ ne chamopeetindabeyseederenal «Ak eLOty dreernpp general Dent, Hebmrwet Creer bay Pie thats ae obeys hoe nerrens ate eee gunepetoroanri thebelirery te tte jae ohebeanel Sanel persone tones eoactrect . {rend verted oa soracnsicbeornenepiey eH er esene AM Ly Hs + hoot heen tt debod2Prbeh > -ipehrbob= lpr Pb eee trot wan bated waned, calhoiahsbeiea ct tens ttentet shots Lena laln heabhehedeliahedehelak taal tt Headey eperenre Pedere rhe Mater pha ian cite sndaend so iciehou : ty d Wraeticesists earoa rect etal eqeeeyeroser ty! ae Rane eed ae bolees iabobe r | Preece ky bot re eee iicronagesyeyeal crete retreats ape lbopbiatataenonegnaiouns ira sheet tere “poor eh Hed rivelrpeestipemetietere| obeyed =e he nen dashed e nryiy pal me ee apenas neneababrand ov nth ED IEH EEE ee eit vefune prereae ents rebebebenn (edelepieerey eye Pe a snrbaniivteres Pheb cfana tie hoe aan pabosanri qennnnnin sree pele, Peet eerie Te pneneneohacees sett PAO OIE TS PVP ueh be heb seedy eit ft soe ohm bated ohepeyetahel he yr OE bod epee pr wvreraeer eit pandcgutnsetvmingning ptine hGnb PENNE S rote yaaretei ens yen eehe Le hobebsocabamaptesarbekess bene Fy i" pee rf a rdenurieperetneoy pp ediobions i asich + popes obova tna nehat oeetatits tet bbosensn weer8rrs poneeep resem hig peishoua Hears) ite nc-asiatrtoderekopemrertioiny trbrher~ sh ved Ba dit rh rey rarmancemninsnereniingnern nisin bstntitie se iereeresanieiei eye re ian Se voboiehets t rite ar peeve ie fassgeorses et ye Sransscuterstongt Sent anteaters gainer itaonnti ter React tent cep Lo aati vasa otpte tants ; " v4 : r , ; resid oecaypobere!nyaged chcarpabescesisi si ninertesren te ee eet erateen, ohe ta opedegeye ep aie net detog. (2160 in rsd pd ; Sion nebueges a: bean niernedrt Tiaras pase orishersepapete seus shsdeeocepo-pabed auprehnbatne beer TOOL ii aiagyberedecounp tir eoes gt o beded BiasOebobshgeat cone Wea boeeat bein rewtoainbal’sherere® it) MorveMenr irerinc ys Nm os Sek eran seterbebeie (4auaten soeetened yey He penitie hh sede det te rere eb gcriteahb raserpetyt rere mpapleersecps! vlarstarwacnpenrgen beers nye etry’ +08 ’ 7 POUT leet are viinene ey benevt er tone sirumnedt mrerarnretemiaee pote bpiiehotted if Stgnteteertehenrcotnteonien niet Rsostracestanserestt at ttarttatansrsea tatinrtnertcneegt este tteatats bevebone eetangedeirtets Maree iieer uses ve . ee cobanesraenr te pats veies pba atd deta Aaa Sheeeeeey) mreebestiettretanitecserecetitcicicts eateantanteane ateeaseeersearoroectt oie riirhera/ek nee gven hi Macreun ba tehste ledgers sscsapism foes yearby ataststers astert bebsheteprdotepeiobeen ( Jods 2 AOU AY HP yemrg ey pet oe EPROM op ef obehrer oe ee et CeOed eB eb ata heme IN ERPN INE RREV IRE INANE POND AEM AE eopepetiovet ieee spsaenniee een Vein smamene hres aAb-deo thot) peobohoe ret eo ef tate Cervera bth a HIE ocho hee pete rpegnaner er hay t iesentohvtnsvenbeinransiceeteetct eco * med herinncbeeemevennny rire er storar ruc rin fh en ro ae a Fr a rs ahehin ing feb thee -AbiPovecade seh ibohosedequarted vee ernest pes eres pedots botenenenen otha oe SPITS! Tye ap The Pegrde pedierr rete ret Jeena pipecstal BERIT ee ee caeptas sr Sp oececceieteoedobrlepieres trecnserbatiey a sodiene paiyeiee BHO Aavews Fertehongtoat gistebee r seanei per ore ne eri rrreer preneeere ne enaerses verwenne vhabedes +4 “0 iatgvornsbesnie ne jeree nye uretes sindisanseenpebedition SenGHTM lai pelnog inoMnel hepeesyors ieerhrde avine tyre retepresurt rare arnegrey sauna tee sTecrmimitondepecay nBeM obs DarpHeTh ITO tee ese ehepebroomideit au ineseoestete; sheesh etrget shecseey ; appara Searawarnes Py marae ere porte hy fe atsustebrornties »pelet Pe demte begs sreupeie Sree iaeech ashiinamtntonannavyesateseprtntsenedet cisttsicinh pscaneetae Saye yateied rit ineseeabeemincinauanseasanesbrerbeastsbieabinaneaces eyed erts ea-etars reraapeardivesnepecevehouneirirssOriristabsicbetrtcraet-uraynbsi-otspayet eye r f Lei ere erertisderoneteseaneeponets peniennetere nit fre Lr bal A ayaa sin seneeieeamsa peer wreres weer yet ot 0 mynepe bested sd norheta bey br 18 venye ted pacrtctep a teies Viomoaserto¥l Piatronicenatetre att etre catig i rpasete te Hoare ae etgaah overs papshopadeten sted Set ert tbs dopedononagiin®: por ewes ef eer en pervert tr eyes ba bebel) aad pe Fe aa bc aaeneaneiah . itaveneubwovenivateotst Catostennarespoird ert eboannotevenrens alah One 16H HHO De br GHe HH in6 bArepadnerseigues rao Aga AOA? pert aes aceasiehe paedebabton Fbobeineststsbne rinerinanarasgiee ciel O0 ena eo aietecr ie ae eet revert preveoeegedt revesetet a pest alps 4-ietepres botvehahetohiiedobehetioes’ Fe preid ons srpshovpiirtoce iH Oe fomubtT . 4 APR OANA EON PAE ENR LEE otety ‘ J werpeoensasencaant etnnsnantneneeraeel gt Uitte iapensenceeagrontsteaiaotetsosionaryse ennrgrpry eo ipber si atadste yore my rest avat eensmnnisotapipantstntats tects eatin noumecraumcnoremewtegg rt oaveidnsistindieanpn ane Mverartel sees tt Ta, “" vite os Neen hg att by Larder Siessbobios wns vets poke We be be jrite be ped ose poginbot rll ofa rbearabpons Senhehththd Stet coasersiateneereenerunen tr Mnne nrbrittr treo itt Lbedire pies Boteh soeHh sd Peet coe io panoashascoraseetatneones 7 it por brepeeresgees +7 ee ener tre iopeiegagease Ruertcesbctcintveet: i3te ipyaurben Psbensh rewire yoLeprtetetet ernie tenths iepeeee re Wak tour asain ventaey EW febvebhehepipivengrens str yeer Pha ee ot Ainaerrtonw natesinrte MALMO pee har ynd tern ehet totereitsdisle banehrarvo hoover is Db eiembe ve 01 frites) redo ref pvrivay tarvine wrcrtrehn (as oaraper Hele He ityod soa ddiee pot apy bgt esyetaurrtanagresenr renee sears yvrdapesntonelvert onto neta Bire tee aanan pies Heeb ot etntne pretty La beeeatbersgreese pepe Reprinted abalegebornspieetoe) GAuiyre at ® seaeaneohebvonivensvertopeecrvenunensenienprerkc it tetT et set Take epetraeir oF vase hat te toutes rey atte eae te eubeshote tater enenopnts te drteeed tate Oacas beactegcbo fer? he jobbet sbriestaiieldntseatelitreteeeeti i cdgera:pevebranuipepeeapet vende" Ube} perms 7 esate Pi aes adie Pl depal eather ed Koststetecinas ite shatehneaeitatees eee ore mbaryrasart Lr NL RY sennepsedonworannnardebistete’ tt vistesenehene ioarbrt nbs ot-te baie tite Me bsissbadniBrVebeheorbabsl eis ondesegroes. Since nieve omer Napa yyw et Ly Saysaehr iar / 4 eee ete tanrrcecdceseces seinen popaeretuspnaet hes et 17t ts 7 payein hemigrenpepliees ier! arintrhadebeiet aprenart nevesbetied re ttle as cepreshibeas te hierdod 9410 aE : prsruhehes- terrane Hnvrirlryr remy iierbe Lei yt Ne naire sat array yeaa wager rad ane yc angventsenreet rhonrrees “pate iectatogntstopelntesstsbeietnintet te a a ee atncneterraetceste Pe tern rent ote Be eee bre tanrtee cate waters eet Lear pwr roe dy Ta ssa pebdetsadby panengen arte baiyetrowat of oareeno4 aa de eet ge phantasend lye Peta Biberedrboqeys Helvitt ? cpepeobab! A bebope de ane Popeyeties Li prtobes « peer sdvatarashes sevteronr bri serenqopllel 1s) Re msee TET Nite Troe eearobeatiirbabensasbaiiiehabiire pr aboot sha) hare oameararsteereranrentrin tease rar eM ery ryeriee? Wy hunh setotnt Seah ineaesmepree iy miimerirc menubar tr nar ea Paeartort meres * ve inpanaprea rarer soni enrurvarsre yet rare ey poheieeeh soe races yt Chul wpodcpoh ene: bebe habe RLbRe etd Hoveiddh 2Ore de. ssp O0lh rbr Pr’ Jee gone eel ometiobopetads patie tof een erg yd rvs arate hee peued Orbe patecne ded br aenrer Y Cngaeurateetet tay seta fh ope sata b ogpaoeyed ives pemeena tnd gb scnr anh ene Wf SOR SST } + stones pnomaeanngrp ered tet oatieheneseareiyirheepa nn: tat) Pobebr’ dhsbriictebebieanes vie} venee m Lepeynt oe he nnanmnesariptetar eos aatteSt eotegaeeve te tetetedorege the Sipeeee ee ey rpayryeery fot $pn-v t-te ro tnls ded 4 habe phat “ eb idoteianet ter istry nbn ti: PEIN OT eee eee ash ce pemesed ndednhnsenehodsernierd riet re ts LaPeer area peareod rte eheee be hede~rHieig Hite pere ohetie oBet: Hr ta fut anyone Meeeesbiedertt ae energie oati 7". r. (wer