BAW we wen FRONTISPIECE BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF HOT SPRINGS; BUSINESS SECTION ON LEFT, BATH-HOUSE ROW IN CENTER, AND ARMY AND NAVY HOSPITAL ON RIGHT. ey ve VIEW OF HOT SPRINGS; BUSINESS SECTION ON LEF STTH SNC RNS, l SENATE. § Document 1st Session. | peor 232- THE HOT SPRINGS OF ARKANSAS. REPORT OF AN ANALYSIS OF THE WATERS OF THE HOT SPRINGS ON THE HOT SPRINGS RESERVATION, HOT SPRINGS, GARLAND COUNTY, ARK, WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE METHODS OF ANALYSIS EMPLOYED AND THE MEDICINAL VALUE OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES USUALLY FOUND IN MINERAL WATER, BY AIS HAYWOOD), In charge of Laboratory of Insecticides and Agricultural Waters, of the Bureau of Chemistry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, GEOLOGICAL SKETCH OF mT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS, WES Ee CAG Vale Won BAB); Geologist, United States Geological Survey. PREPARED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. 1-9/0: 2 Aprit 4, 1902.—Referred to the Committee on Public Lands and ordered to be printed. “00nan Inge, (> TT 637 “ag UN 27 19027 WASHINGTON: NR Lationat Wise oF GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1902. cl Pe Peg toes AME Ory TRAINS MPP T AL. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, Washington, April 3, 1902. Str: I am in receipt of Senate resolution of the 2d instant— That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, directed to forward to the Senate the reports, prepared under his direction, of analysis of the waters of the Hot Springs, on the Hot Springs Reservation, Arkansas, by Mr. J. K. Haywood, of the Bureau of Chemistry, Department of Agriculture, and geological sketch of Hot Springs Reservation by Prof. Walter H. Weed of the United States Geological Survey. In response thereto, I have the honor to transmit herewith a copy of the report indicated in the foregoing resolution, together with the accompanying maps and illustrations. Very respectfully, EK. A. Hrrcxcocr, Secretary. The PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE UNITED £vaTES SENATE. 9 2) TABLE OF CONTENTS. PERRO SHC CNCO aac risa tare ya ta. Aa Se ORES A a oe SSS ae Analysis of the hot waters. “ope STUB MONTY S seca len a ne Re eine ae Re Gi eee LA Late Sera ae aN Methods of examination. “TRG OSS EHD EY es eee eee ase ae es SE ee GI acy a eae Rpt F LOU 2 BEB ace ae nO A CMP eS, Sie NE eMC Sea nC A ee Rae Carbon dioxid Gn excess of that necessary to form eal carbonates) -- Carbon dioxid (given off from bicarbonates on evaporation) ...--.------ 1 BY VCH OOHONVO SE YONG ek see tr ieee ee ae ea ale aN a Gain nae al ee ea SEO Oe OL I er rst eden tc 1 Gls ge oe nec pee che Lomas, ose ang Sh ge RN Rei ty et ng a OO USEAGl Cerne etree pa ope el ee tn AD OU Rb at REN en of. SERGE eA NTI (TT Salam ee era ote ee et ecg ee ale aN Ser are SS Ate tee eT {Natl} Ayrav on VeraU Vac erik Ee eye me n., ee sastee trae Worme gene Uae ene C Ns can Sa eee FORE LO xa CINE COM SUMTIN Os CA NA CH th yap apne ee ee = a ieee ee eer ee es Vee Be SPRUE) I CL Gerace eet ey ger ec Per) eign NG ess Sues emer tpl ag sp iee 6 nade Cou oteiira ess Ao pe a UM sh a ao apa eee All oe ee ltd ced Noe Moyet RATT CLS EO MOT TN ets oye esd Py gee aT ce Le tS ete eee - ALTASY STING VGC © aioe Rae See ec RIE ED nc ie See cae ea iBYOTANG, GiGi le sor Se ae seh re feat Oa SUN Beak eg ean eA aan cee (aly ions aluminum: andemanvanese a2 S25 sess eee hee ee ee ees STILLS Giz ee Se aap a sees SE nan Ae pete ao mer tn debate Seco eebeed ET, Sulphuric acid, ratad fsitinnlSoyobyoTom. atl NioWbbINS ae oe Se ee Etta NOT ChACl mae iy sa aes a Aes a eth ey penta sae a ane ston hes SAR aa ast [PHONON Op se See eee aie es ie ee ea hae ter ieee eee a Re Medicinal value of substances usually found in mineral waters: Carwonatesiamdabicar WOM Aate se weet ayer ae pene anaes At in ye ys tre Desa HOChiIMEcarMoOnAateramdsicarMomate, samme sa = see el seaysyeriencd sn ats ae Potassium carhbonateranGdeplearoonate sem mee sey tae eee ith: carbonaterand: bicarbonate 2-4" saps lees sey ae Magnesium carbonate and bicarbonate.__._..-.-.-.---..-..---.----- Ca) cum: carbonateand: bicarbonateses--2 =o. ee eee eee ee Herrous and manganous bicarbonate. = -222a2c-) 84-4 s4-05e5 ces net Chlorides Se ek eae SP pe ED tA er ot en seg URE SR Ley BL UA et Gee AE ATS) Potassium auilce LCC pe aps Sea eae Se Le lpr sir sta be ec rt erg es ae De EI ee Merton blond ene sais ate aes ee ey ope AE ee ee Nels Mia omesmmmac Ml OEIC Crseuie elie ieye os ee ain ete eid MiNi St We ook ae Cal Gita Chilo aid ee eae eee a a se a yma) cepa eed TEETER OWES] COMM Ota 0 Key ates Ae AS ae a ee a Se yee oa seers ee ea LSSomiaa (Osa eawamy CG OOS ANG Kes ey es I Ss RS 2S Ns a ec eee ee SELASSIE pee PES St see oe a aye Oui on ten es I et age ee EN HOdUMn And mAcheEsinm sulphates-28 25-25. 5-2252 si eiecc foe sot cee ROpaccimmmsilplictere: seme aN ss ey sear yet ester NSE NS Oi 8 Calernstlp ates se en os eee a een Sule Eee ironman aAlimamum sil phate. Seven ne Seng. i. Shc e Seige uisek oe IGGIGIES: << 2 LeSes eet ae AOE RAE eOe See ee Se Eee nee ps ieee eee ee Page. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page Medicinal value of substance usually found in mineral waters—Continued. Borates ....% . 25 2.2. esd ce eck os some ae Sas eae eee 28 Nitrates 2.52.22. s22cd20e5-2 2002 25st eae8 05 on ee 29 Silicas..s2. .3ecl.se kote setae sl oeee lose ee eee eee 29 Nitrogen: and oxygen - =e. 22 oe one ic oe ee eee Zea 29 Carbon dioxid ....--.2-s.c0-..s0se.4c0s. 12a 29 Hodrogen sulphide 2.2.2... 222.n2lsebassbs sc oeee eee 29 Medicinal value‘of thermal waters.-..-22 5.52.2. 2-2. ---- == 29 Acknowledgments. 22.25. -2. .c5 So ois bdnc ioe oe eee 30 Table of temperatures 222. .-t..- 22.5.2 22 22 so eee 30 Table of flow of springs.-2:2).2..22.5.42.-2 1 ee eee 31 Analyses of springs: ‘ (1) Beo'Spring...25i 25-2 2230 See ee 32 (2) Arsenic Spring .222.222-2uie2e- S22 2 Sl ee ee 33 (3) Arlington Spring. : 03.22 5...0. 222.52 ee 34 tas Cliff Spring: . 222.252 22505 eh ole eee 3 (0) SAvenue Sprinetse ssa se ae eee 2s ee Sle eee 36 (6): Boiler House'Spring = 222222224026. 22 eee 37 (7). Imperial: Spring (north) 222-23... eee 38 (8) Crystal Spring ..5.2.. 22. 825.26 252 eee eee 39 (9) Rector: Spring a2 2 3 Ae eae Se eee 40 (10) "Cave Spring 225-202. 2 32 ee ee 4] (QE) aittle Tom§S min os (vont ln) eee 42 (12): chittle Geyser Sprino:-- 2222s ee dl (21) Alum Spring. (25 20 22s ee eee ee 52 (22) Superior/Spring (south) \222-222222 52-52-26. ee 3 (23) Dwin:Springs (north) 2 223°. 28522 2 ae ee ee o4 (24) Twin Springs’ (south) -_2 <5... -6:. 2-2-2. 5d (25) "Old SHale'S pring 2022 ee ee 56 (26) Palace Spring). S225). eas css os ws ee 57 - (27) Bunnel'S primes 522. 2 gee Se eee 58 (28). Maurice Spring. 3552 5.322288 See ae ee eee 59 (29) Dripping Spring-.----. -- Runt eS i eee 60 (30) Arch: Spring: 2222 3-22 oo ss Se eee 61 (31) Haywood (Springs 32 aes es sei Soe ae eee eee 62 (32), John W. Noble Spring’. 2242-22. se Se eee 63 (33) Lamar Spring. 2 6.0522 242-02 sone ee ee 64 (84) BW. Wiley Spring vac: 2.2 eases he ee ee eee 65 (35):-Ed. Hardin Spring? 2323222 484-5202 62 438 2a ee ee ee 66 (36) Hisele Spring...) J.- 2 -) 2 s2e4e- 0 oe 67 (37) Stevens Spring. . 2... 2.2. 4222582. 3s- 5s 8 see 68 (38) HorseShoe Spring... 222222422 52-222-.at2- 3--- == eee 69 (39) Army and Navy Spring... .05.- 5222-2 52 Ss0- oe 70 (40) W..J. Little Spring. 00.2.2...) 2. eee 71 (41) Mud’ Spring: -- 22.222 2s 3222 tee ets eet eer eee 72 (42) Magnesia ‘Spring ....2-- 2225225. 246s ee eee 73 (43) Reservoir Spring --. 22222 2s23 222252. 32 2 Ree eee 74 (44) Liver Spring .. 2... . <2! 2222252229 vos eee 79 (45) Kidney Spring oe i oo ope a ee eee 76 (46) eBordyce Springs eae ces Seseenc see ee 77 Summary of the results'of analyses |..---.5.-./22 2 = eee 78. GEOLOGICAL SKETCH OF HOT SPRINGS, ARK. Geographic, location gi. os 5.24.25 2.2. c ee ete cee a ee eee 79 Historical notes 2.0 222..5 222460252. be Seek Anse es eke eee 79 Geographic relation of district to rest of the State............--------------- 81 Topography =.224. 0.2... .s2ckckccccckbcnss teste 8L TABLE OF CONTENTS. eRRGG AOE MICRON SERICIs ety NEE a uta Ge ue a helen mio aie eis ee Pare PRES OOESUGWGUUNC eye trisps tre Recher sare oem, MET OR Te ROR ach TIS ars Homenus Toes... 2-2/2. SE 8 el pea eee CeCe ce TP DELLS a 22 3 | SERBS eee Oe ae RR AC cre Rena a ae LOE SSRBERCD GUE THORS OO RIES) Oa AS a eg ea og rewire SMI ONLI A CLEP OSIbie os Se se ao ses ae enc Oe fo BS ee ae Reeerccciauons.or the hot springs. "22 252.) se See ee leh: REO SGI ORWIALCLS ose eee Se as ee Ie cy Mes Mia Nak ae Tee PPP Re eMe tL SprInes iy INO. OUL oa. eee ws ee SR MU Mee tees Ba Wonskam Gyvaoi tempera tune =< aes Uso as vee SAEED Soon ee Constancy of discharge--.----------- IS icine SSS SOE ee em Sn ee MoT Ohmimeral matter-heldiin solution =s..25 2222455052. 2-2 5.5... SELES. DEY LOTR Sg tae a Gee Sia Mane eas hel ae, List OF Ths PATON: : Page. Bird’s-eye view of Hot Springs—business section on left, Bath House Row in the center, and Army and Navy Hospital on the right -... Frontispiece. Pirate I. View of hot springs of Arkansas looking south. (From Owen’s report, Arkansas geological survey, 1860) s= === a ee 81 Il. View of Central avenue, looking south = :2--.2:--2.2-2-2 patrese 82 Ill. Pavilion at main entrance to Hot Springs Reservation._......-..--- 84 IV. Hot Springs, Central avenue, looking south, showing Arlington Hotel and Bath House Row on Hot Springs Reservation on the left 2 [269 205 ee al SNE es oe a 85 V- Lookineveast, showins Cave Springs == 8. 2 se 86 VI. Dripping Spring, looking east, showing Tufa Bluff and the secured and inclosed Hale Spring below 22-22.) = -- see ees see eee 87 VII. Steps and walk of tufa on reserve near Arlington Hotel and Cave Spring. (Steps cut in solid hot-springs deposit which is grassed and covered by vegetation alongside. Blocks bordering steps show cellular pitted nature of much of the weathered tufa) ....-.------ 89 VITE- Map: of -hotisprings; 1860. ee se 2-5 ate 92 IX. Map showing location of hot springs, 1901. (Numbers correspond to thoseanttablelot analyses) S5.-0- sae oe ao) eee ee eee 90 X. Topographic map of the hot springs and vicinity -.....--.--..-+--- 94 CORRESPONDENCE. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, Washington, August 29; 1899. Str: There are on the Hot Springs Reservation, Hot Springs, Ark., a number of hot springs the water from which is, under the supervi- sion of this Department, supplied to certain bath houses for the bene- fit of the public. The waters of these springs are claimed to have medicinal qualities, and from the number of cures that have been effected from the use thereof it is believed to be true. No official analysis, however, has ever been made of the properties of these waters, and I therefore have the honor to request to be advised as to whether it will be practicable for an analysis of the waters of these hot springs to be made by the chemists of your Department. Any expense that may be incurred in the matter will be defrayed from the Hot Springs Reservation fund. satisfactory. Respectfully, JAMES WILSON, Secretary. The SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. UnitTeD States DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BuREAU OF CHEMISTRY, Washington, D. C., December 9, 1901. Str: I beg to transmit herewith the results of the work done in this Bureau in the examination of the waters of the Hot Springs of Arkan- sas. This work was undertaken in harmony with the request made to you by the Secretary of the Interior, and under the instructions which you gave me in acceding to that request. After a careful preliminary study of the nature of the problems to be investigated, I, with your consent, detailed Mr. J. K. Haywood, one of my assistants and an expert in water analysis, for the purpose of — undertaking theanalysesdesired. Mr. Haywood was given full instruc- tions in regard to the character of the work which he was to perform, and in compliance with those instructions proceeded to Hot Springs, where he made the necessary study of the waters at the springs them- selves. He also secured abundant samples of the waters for the examination which could be made in the laboratory of this Bureau. Mr. Haywood has given in the following pages the results of his investigations, together with certain opinions in regard to the thera- peutic values of the water: s, which it is deemed advisable should accom- pany the report. In regard to these opinions it is only proper to say that they are not our own, but are based upon the authorities which are regarded as reliable in such matters. It must not be understood, howeve er, that these opinions in regard to the therapeutic value of the waters have ¢ any Official indor sement whatever from this Bureau. We have not made any experimental determinations of the healing quali- ties of the waters, nor have we studied their effects on invalids. These opinions are subject to correction or change, in the light of further investigations made by us or by other parties, and must not be accepted with too much consideration. The value of these thermal waters in certain chronic cases of disease is well established; but how this thera- pou action is secured is not a proper subject of investigation by this ureau. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. Jud This report is a valuable contribution to our knowledge of thermal waters, and I believe it will be found thorough and accurate, repre- senting the sum of our knowledge of these waters at the present time. I have the honor to request that you transmit this bulletin to the honorable the Secretary of the Interior. Respectfully, Ee Wis Ways, Chief of Bureau of Chemistry. Hon. JamEs WILSON, Secretary of Agriculture. THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE WATERS OF THE HOT SPRINGS OF ARKANSAS, WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE METHODS OF ANALYSIS EMPLOYED AND THE MEDICINAL VALUE OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES USUALLY FOUND IN MINERAL WATERS. By J. K. Haywoop, In Charge of Laboratory of Insecticides and Agrieultural Waters. [Analyses performed at the Bureau of Chemistry, United States Department of Agriculture, under the direction of H. W. Wiley, chief chemist. ] INTRODUCTION. The Hot Springs of Arkansas are situated in Garland County imme- diately adjacent to Hot Springs City, on the western slope and at the base of Hot Springs Mountain, a spur of the Ozark Range. Origi- nally there were said to have been seventy-one of these springs, but on account of improvements on the mountain, necessitating the merging of two or more springs into one, also by reason of the natural changes in the subterranean course of the water, this number has been reduced to forty-nine. Forty-four of these are either in use or can easily be used by making some slight improvements. Five rise from the bed of the creek situated at the base of the mountain, and are consequently lost in the cold water of the stream. Besides the hot springs men- tioned above, there are two cold springs in close juxtaposition on the northern slope of the mountain. In making the analyses of these waters, because of changes apt to take place in certain constituents on standing, some of the determina- tions were made directly on the ground within one hour after the samples had been taken. The determinations mentioned are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide (free and as bicarbonates), nitrites, nitrates, oxy- gen consuming capacity, and free and albuminoid ammonia. Besides this, 10-gallon samples of each spring were shipped to Washington, D. C., where determinations of the various mineral constituents were at once begun. Each day the temperature of the spring then under analysis was taken; finally at the end of the chemist’s stay at Hot Springs the temperatures were retaken in a single day, as well as the flow of each spring. 12 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. The constituents determined in each of the 44 hot springs and in the 2 cold springs include the following: Oxygen, consuming capacity. Chlorine. Albuminoid ammonia. Borie acid. Free ammonia. Phosphoric acid. Lithium. Nitric acid. Sodium. Nitrous acid. Potassium. Sulphuric acid. Magnesium. Silicie acid. Calcium. Carbonic acid. Tron and aluminum. Bicarbonie acid. Manganese. Nitrogen. Arsenic. C )xygen. Todine. Hydrogen sulphide. Bromine. Total solids. Besides these substances, the following were determined in spring No. 15 (Big Iron), which is not only the largest Spon in the group but will serve as an example of all the other springs, since the chemical composition of all of them is so nearly alike: Barium. Strontium. Fluorine. In reporting the results of analysis, the bases and acids are given in parts per million of the positive and negative lons, except In the case of silica, which, in the present state of our knowledge, we can only report as such, not going into the question of how much is present as the silicic acid ion and how much present as free silica. Tron and aluminum are always reported together, because of the great difficulty in separating such small amounts of the two as appear in these waters. Wherever iron and aluminum are involved in any calculation the whole is considered as iron and given an atomic weight of 56. This is doubtless practically correct, since a test of the residue from a large volume of one of the springs showed that the iron-aluminum precipt- tate consisted almost entirely of iron and contained aluminum, at the most, only in traces. Because of the fact that these analyses will doubtless be referred to by many who have had no chemical training, the author has thought it best to combine the acids and bases in a hypothetical combination, thus reporting them as salts. That such a combination has no basis, in fact, is doubtless true, since we have every reason to believe that where various basic and acid ions are present in solution no base unites with any particular acid to the exclusion of all others, or vice versa, but that all possible combinations are formed, to at least some extent, of the various basic and acid ions present in solution. For example: Suppose we have calcium carbonate in solution. It partly dissociates into the positive and negative ions Ca and CO, as follows: C100) =) =F eo, Again, if magnesium sulphate is in solution it partly dissociates as follows: MgSO, ug + S0, Now, if these two solutions are poured into each other, part of the calcium and sulphuric acid ions unite to form calcium ‘sulphate, as follows: “a + 50, — _ CaSO, HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 13 and part of the magnesium and carbonic acid ions unite to form mag- nesium carbonate, as follows: 4 SS so that we have in solution not only the calcium carbonate, magnesium sulphate, and magnesium, calcium, carbonic acid, and sulphuric acid ions with which we started, but also some calcium sulphate and mag- ° nesium carbonate. In calculating the above-mentioned hypothetical combination, sodium is joined to the nitrous and nitric acid tons; potassium to iodine and bromine; calcium to the phosphoric-acid ion and sodium to the metaboric- acid ion. Chlorine is assigned to the bases in the order NH,, Li, K, Na; sulphuric-acid ion in the order NH,, Li, K, Na, Mg, Ca, and the residual bases are joined to bicarbonic-acid ion in the order Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe. In case the bicarbonic-acid ion is not present in large enough amounts to join with all the remaining bases, the residual cal- cium is joined to silica to form calcium silicate, and manganese and iron are calculated as Mn,O, and Fe,O,, respectively. METHODS OF EXAMINATION. TEMPERATURE.—The temperature of each spring was taken with an accurately standardized maximum thermometer on the date of the sanitary analysis of the water. Finally, the temperatures of all of the springs were taken in one day. It will be noticed that these tempera- tures sometimes vary quite a few degrees for the same spring. This seems to be due to two causes. In the first place the temperature of the spring as it issues from the earth varies slightly from time to time; secondly, the springs sometimes have quite large basins, so that we can not get the temperature just as the water issues from the earth, but must take it as influenced by a comparatively large body of water, which in turn has been cooled to some extent by standing in the air. When these springs have recently been drained the temperature is nearly the same as where they issue from the earth, but when the basin is full the temperature is quite a few degrees lower. Fitow.—The flow of each spring was measured by observing the length of time taken to fill a vessel of known capacity from a pipe that drained the spring in question. In some cases such determinations could not be made, so the flow of the springs was estimated by com- paring them with other springs of known flow. Such estimations were made by the head waterman of the reservation, Mr. Ed Hardin, who by long experience had arrived at such a point that he could come very near the correct figure. HypROGEN SULPHIDE.—The test for the presence of hydrogen sul- phide was made both by boiling a sample of water and noticing the smell, and by passing the vapors over a piece of lead acetate paper. In a few cases, as a check, an actual determination of the hydrogen sulphide by the method given in Sutton’s Volumetric Analysis was made. This is as follows: About 0.5 ¢. ¢. of = iodine was measured into a 500 c. c. flask and the water under examination run in till the color of the iodine disap- peared. Fivec.c. of starch water was added and i iodine run in till the blue color appeared. The flask was then filled to the mark with 14 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. distilled water. The amount of water actually titrated was found by substracting the sum of iodine, starch solution, and distilled water from 500 c.c. Asan excess of iodine solution was required to produce the blue color a correction was applied by making 5 ce. ec. of starch solu- tion up to 500 c. c. with distilled water and adding = iodine until the color of the solution was just as blue as that in the actual determina- tion. This figure substracted from the first figure would give the Tees he ; number of ¢. ¢. of 75 iodine used by the hydrogen sulphide. In every case tried the correction was just equal to the original figure, and in neither of the other tests was hydrogen sulphide found to be present in any of the springs. NITROGEN AND OXYGEN were determined by making use of the Tiemann and Preusse modification of Reichhardt’s apparatus, the des- cription of which is here taken from Hempel’s Gas Analysis (trans- lated by L. M. Dennis, Cornell University): This consists of two flasks A and B (Fig. I) each of about 1 liter capacity and con- nected by tubes with the gas collector C. The flask A is fitted with a perforated rubber stopper in which is inserted the glass tube a bent at a right angle and ending flush with the lower surface of the stopper; «@ is joined by a piece of rubber tubing to the tube bc, which in turn connects with the gas collector C. C is held by a clamp, has a dia- meter of 30 mm., is about 560 mm. long, and at the upper end is drawn out to a short, narrow tube, which can be closed with the rubber tube and pinchcock g. In the lower end of OC is a rubber stopper with two holes through one of which the tube bc, projecting about 280 mm. into C, isinserted. Through the other opening passes the tube d, which extends only slightly beyond the stopper and connects C with the flask B. 5B has a double bore rubber stopper carrying the tubes e, and f; e ends about 10 mm. above the bottom of the flask and above the stopper it is bent at a right angle and is connected with d. The tube f, which need not project below the stopper, car- ries a thin rubber tube X about 1 meter in length and provided with a mouthpiece. A pincheock for closing the rubber between a and b is also needed. The apparatus thus arranged is made ready for a determination by filling the flask B somewhat more than half full of boiled, distilled water and removing the flask A by slipping the tube a out of the rubber connection; then by blowing into the rubber tube X, water is driven over from the flask B into the gas collector C and the adjoining tubes until the air is wholly displaced. The rubber tubes at 6 and g are now closed with pinchcocks. The flask A is then filled to the brim with distilled water, the stopper is inserted, water being thereby driven into the tube a and the flask is again connected with b, the pinchcock being opened. The water in B is now heated to gentle boiling, and that in A is allowed to boil somewhat more rapidly. The absorbed air is thus driven out and the gases dis- solved in the water which is in A and C collect in the upper part of C from which they are removed by occasionally opening the pinchcock at g and blowing into the rubber tube X. When upon cooling the apparatus, the gases which have collected disappear, the heating of the flask A is discontinued, the pinchcock between a and b is closed and A is disconnected and emptied. The water in C and B is now entirely free from absorbed gases and air can not enter from without, because the liquid in B is kept continually boiling. The apparatus is now ready for a determination, which is made as follows: The cooled flask A, whose capacity has been previously determined, is filled with the water to be examined and the stopper is pressed in so far that the air in the tube a is completely driven out. ais then connected with b, care being taken that in so doing no air bubbles are inclosed. The pinchcock between a and b is opened and the water in A is heated to gentle boiling. The dissolved gases are hereby driven over into the gas collector C. Steam is formed at the sametime. The heating of the flask A must be so regulated that the gas and steam evolved never drive out more than half the liquid in C, otherwise there is danger of gas bubbles entering the tubes d and e and thus escaping. After heating for about twenty minutes the flame under A is removed. Ina few minutes the steam in A and C condenses, and water passes from B to Cand A. If a gas bubble is observed in A which will not disappear when the neck of A is cooled HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 15) by applying a wet towel two or three times, the flask A must again be heated and cooled in the manner just described. The operation is ended when the hot liquid flows back and completely fills A.2. Therubber tube g is then connected with a small piece of thermometer tube which is filled with water, and the gas standing over the hot liquid in C is driven over into a modified Winkler gas burette by blowing into the tube X and opening the pinchcock g. The gases in the burette were allowed to cool for about ten minutes, and then passed into a simple absorption pipette filled with potassium- hydrate solution (one part KO H to two parts of water). The pipette was shaken two or three times to absorb the carbon dioxide, and the residual gases passed back into the burette. The burette was allowed Fig. 1. to stand for a few minutes and the volume of the gas read off. This gave the volume of oxygen+the volume of nitrogen. The gas was then passed into a double-absorption pipette filled with potassium pyrogallate, prepared by mixing 5 grams pyrogallic acid and 15 ce of water with 120 grams of potassium hydroxide and 80 cc of water. “Tt has been observed in waters rich in bicarbonates that it is nearly impossible to drive oif all the CO, by this means, but the O and N and part of the CO, are driven off in the course of a half.hour’s boiling. Therefore the author did not continue poring A, even though a small bubble of gas were present, more than one-half an our. 16 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. After being shaken with this solution for about four minutes the gas was passed back into the burette, the burette allowed to stand fora few minutes, and the reading taken. The last reading gave the num- ber of ce of nitrogen present, and the difference between the first and last reading, the number of cc of oxygen. A temperature and baro-~ metric pressure reading were also taken, to correct the gas volume to 0° Cand 760 mm. pressure. Numerous pr ecautions as to temperature, saturation of reagents, etc., not mentioned in the above brief sketch were taken, all of which can be found in any standard work on gas analysis. CARBON DIOXIDE.—(In excess of that necessary to form normal car- bonates.) The determination of the carbon dioxide existing in water in excess of that present as normal carbonates was made by a method given in Sutton’s Volumetric Analysis and designed by Pettenkofer. One hundred ce of the water was treated in a flask with 3 cc of a saturated solution of calcium chloride, 2 ce of a saturated solution of ammonium chloride, and 45 ce of a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, whose strength had previously been determined in terms of n ‘ 3 ; ‘ apie 10 hydrochloric acid, using lacmoid as indicator. The flask was stoppered, the solution well mixed, and the whole set aside for twelve hours to allow the calcium carbonate to settle. At the end of this time x ) ce of the clear solution was drawn off in a pipette and titrated with +5 ) hy drochloric acid, using lacmoid as indicator. This result was cantatas by three and subtracted from the amount of =, hydro- n 10 ehloric acid necessary to neutralize 45 ce of the calcium hydroxide solution, thus giving the amount of calcium hydr cae solution that had been acted on by the carbon dioxide in terms of = acid. Multiply- ing the number of ce so found by 0.0022, the weight of carbon dioxide in 100 ce above that necessar y to form normal carbonates was found. Dividing the weight so found by the weight of 1 cc of carbon dioxide at 0° C and 760 mm. pressure and multiplying the result by 10, the number of cc of carbon dioxide in a liter in excess of that necessary to form normal carbonates was given. CARBON DIOXIDE.—(Given off from the bicarbonates when they are evaporated to dryness.) In making this determination the method of Cameron®* for the ‘‘ Estimation of carbonates and bicarbonates in aqueous solution” was used. By this method the amount of bicarbonic acid ion (HCO,) was determined, and from this we could easily estimate how much of the bicarbonic acid would remain as the normal carbon- ate and how much be given oft as carbon dioxide. The method is as follows: To one hundred ce of the water was first added a few drops of phenolphthalein. In case there were alkali carbonates present the usual red color would be evident. The solution was now titrated with a solution of HKSO,, containing 6.758 grams to the liter, adding the HKSO, solution at the rate of a drop every two or three seconds, until the red color had completely disappeared. The reading on the “Report 64 U. 8. Department of Agriculture; American Chemical Journal. 23,471 (1900) . a HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. iG burette was recorded, and to the clear solution was added one drop of methylorange. A pure yellow color resulted. The titration was con- tinued with the HKSO, without refilling the burette until the change toa very slightly darker and reddish color was noted. ‘The change was S faint and required practice to detect. The reading at this point was also recorded. The first reading recorded gives the amount of alkali carbonates present and must be multiplied by the factor 0.002979 for the result in grams of CO, ions. For the number of grams of HCO, ions present the first recorded reading is multiplied by two and the result subtracted from the second reading, and this remainder is multiplied by the factor 0.003028. In no case were carbonates found in any of the springs by the above method, but only bicarbonates. Having now obtained the weight of HCO, ions in 1,000 ce of water, we next calculate the weight of CO, given off when a like volume is evaporated to dryness, and dividing this result by the weight of one ee of carbon dioxide at 0° C. and 760mm. pressure the number of ce of carbon dioxide given off from the bicarbonates is the result. Sub- tracting the number of ce of carbon dioxide given off from the bicarbonates from the number of cc of carbon dioxide in excess of that necessary to form normal carbonates, we have left the number of ec existing in solution in a free state. Bicarponic acrp.—The amount of this substance present in the spring was estimated during the process of determining the amount of carbon dioxide given off from bicarbonates in the par agraph above. It will be noticed in several of the analyses of the different springs that the amount of carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness) and calculated from the bicarbonic acid does not agree with the amount of bicarbonic acid found in solution. This is because the samples for determining the carbon dioxide and bicar- bonic acid were taken at widely different periods, and the amount of bicarbonic acid had evidently changed somewhat during the interven- ing time. ‘This is easily explained when we remember that many of the springs are supplied from two or three different spring heads, which doubtless vary from time to time both in their amount of flow and in the amount of bicarbonic acid held in solution. For the determination of nitric and nitrous acid, free and albumi- noid ammonia, and oxygen consuming capacity the methods as given in Mason’s Examination of Water were followed in all their principal details. They are as follows: Nrrreic actp.—In determining nitric acid, 100. c. of the spring water was treated with 2 drops of a saturated solution of sodium carbonate and evaporated to dryness on the water bath. The residue was treated with 2 ¢. c. of phenol sulphonic acid (made by mixing 148 ¢. ¢. of pure sulphuric acid, 12 c. c. of water, and 24 grams of phenol), a littlewwater added, and then an excess of ammonia. The solution was transferred to a 100 ¢. c. Nessler jar, the volume made up to 100 c¢. ¢. with distilled water, and the depth of tne yellow color compared with that produced by treating different measured amounts of standard potassium nitrate (containing 0.01 milligram of nitrogen as nitrate in each ec. c.) in the same manner. Nirrous acip.—For this determination 100 c¢.c. of the water was placed in a 100 c. c. Nessler jar and treated with 1 drop of concen- S. Doc. 282 18 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. trated hydrochloric acid. One ec. c. of sulphanilic acid (containing 1 gram in each 100 ec. ¢. of water) was then added, followed by 1 ¢. ¢. of a solution of napthylamine hydrochloride (obtained by poine 0.5 grams of the salt with 100 ¢. c. of water for ten minutes at constant volume), and the whole well mixed. The Nessler jar was then set aside for half an hour, along with several other Nessler jars containing known amounts of astandard nitrite solution (containing 0.0001 milligram of nitrogen as nitrite in each c. ¢.), made up to 100 ¢. c. with nitrite-free water, and treated with hydrochloric acid, sulphanilic acid, and napthy lamine hydrochloride in the manner just described. By comparing the depth of pink color in the known and unknown solutions the amount of nitrite could be determined. FREE AMMONIA.—A large flask of about 13-liter capacity was con- nected to an upright bulbed condenser by means of a rather large glass tube and soft, new, rubber-stopper connections. In this was placed 5 c.c. of asaturated solution of sodium carbonate and 200 c. ¢. of ammonia- free water. The water was distilled off in 50 ¢. c. Nessler jars until ao more ammonia was shown, when the jars were nesslerized. Five hun- dred c. c. of the water under examination was now added and the dis- tillation in 50 c. c. Nessler jars continued till ammonia ceased to be given off. About four or five jars were usually necessary. These jars were nesslerized and the depth of color compared with that in other jars which contained known amounts of a standard ammonium chloride solution (containing 0.01 milligram of NH, in each c. ¢.), made up to 50 c. c. with ammonia-free water and nesslerized in the same manner. ToTaL AMMONIA.—The same upparatus was used as that mentioned in the paragraph above. In it were placed 200 c. ¢. of distilled water and 50 c. c. of alkaline permanganate solution (prepared by dissolving 200 grams of potassium hydroxide and 8 grams of potassium perman- ganate in 1,250 c. e. of water and boiling the whole down to about 1 liter). The water was distilled off in 50 c. c. Nessler jars till ammonia ceased tocomeover. Five hundred c. c. of water under examination was now added and the distillation continued till ammonia ceased to come off. Six jars were in all casessufficient. These jars were nesslerized and com- pared with nesslerized jars of knownstrength justas in the determination of freeammonia. From the total ammonia thus found subtract the free ammonia and the result is the albuminoid ammonia in 500. c. of water. Many precautionary details of the two above methods are not given, but can be found by consulting any good book on water analysis. OxYGEN-CONSUMING CAPACITY.—In making this determination two solutions were first prepared: (1) A standard solution of potassium permanganate containing 0.3952 gram to the liter, each c. c. of which has 0.1 milligram of oxygen ay: ailable for oxydation; and (2) a stand- ard solution of oxalic acid containing 0.7875 gram of crystalized oxalic acid to the liter. The value of the oxalic acid in terms of the perman- ganaté was determined by boiling 10 c. ¢. of oxalic-acid solution and 200 c.c. of distilled water with 10 e. c. of sulphuric acid (1-8) and titrating the fluid while boiling with the standard permanganate aaa to the appearance of a pink color. In the actual determination 200 ¢.c. of the water in a porcelain dish was treated with 10 c. c. of sulphuric acid (1-3) and the whole brought to the boiling point. Standard perman- ganate was run in until the water was quite red and the boiling con- Paige for ten minutes, adding permanganate every now and then to keep the pink color about the same. The boiling was now stopped, + ttremebide HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 19 10 ec. ¢. of oxalic acid run in, which destroyed the color, and the solution titrated with the standard permanganate to the appearance of a pink color. From the total number of ¢. ¢. of permanganate used was sub- tracted the number of ¢. c. equal to 10 c. ¢. of oxalic acid. The result gives the number of c. c. of permanganate required for 200 ¢. ¢. of water. ToraL souips.—Measured amounts of the water were evaporated to dryness in weighed platinum dishes on the steam bath. The dishes were dried for twelve hours at the temperature of boiling water, cooled in the desiccator, and weighed. The increase in weight of the dish gives the amount of solids present in the volume of water used. To determine chlorine, iron and aluminum, manganese, bromine, iodine, arsenic, and boric acid large quantities of the water were evap- orated to dryness after the addition of a small amount of sodium car- bonate. The residue thus obtained was boiled with distilled water, transferred to a filter and thoroughly washed with hot water. The residue in the paper was dried and transferred to the dish in which the evaporation was made, the paper burned and added, and the whole kept for the determination of iron, aluminum, and manganese. The filtrate was made to a definite volume and aliquot portions taken to determine the constituents mentioned above other than iron, aluminum, and manganese. CHLORINE.—An aliquot portion from the above filitrate was treated with a few drops of phenolphthalein and = HKSO, added at the rate of a drop every few seconds until the red color had entirely disap- peared, thus showing that all of the carbonates had changed to bicar- bonates.* A few drops of potassium chromate indicator were then added and the chlorides titrated with a solution of silver nitrate each ec. c. of which would precipitate 1 milligram of chlorine. IODINE AND BROMINE.—The qualitative tests for the presence of iodine and bromine were very much the same as those used in Fresenius. Another aliquot portion from the above filtrate was evaporated to dry- ness on the steam bath. Twoor 3 ¢.c. of water were added to dissolve and soften up the residue and enough absolute alcohol added to bring the percentage of alcohol down to about 90 per cent. This was boiled and filtered and the treatment with 90 per cent alcohol repeated once or twice. Two or 3 drops of sodium hydrate solution were added to the filtrate and it was evaporated to dryness. The same process of extracting with 90 per cent alcohol was repeated on the new residue and the extract filtered off from the undissolved portion. A drop of sodium hydrate was added to the filtrate and it was evaporated to dry- ness. ‘The residue was treated with a little distilled water, dilute sul- phuric acid added to acid reaction, the liquid transferred to a test tube, and a little carbon disulphide added. Three or 4 drops of potassium nitrite solution were then added and the test tube shaken. The pres- ence of iodine was shown by a pink color in the carbon bisulphide. Chlorine water was then added until the pink color due to the iodine had disappeared, then a little more chlorine water. The presence of bromine was shown by an orange color in the car- bon bisulphide. In no case did a sample of spring water give nearly as distinct a reac- *See Cameron’s paper in Amer. Chem. Journal, 28, 481, 1900, 20) HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. tion for iodine and bromine as did a known sample of water containing 0.2 milligram of both iodine and bromine, as iodides and bromides, to the liter. An attempt was made to determine iodine and bromine quantita- tively in spring No. 15 by evaporating down a large volume of water, but the attempt failed because both these elements were pres- ent in such minute traces. The method used was the same as that described by Gooch and Whitfieid* and is as follows: The iodides and bromides were extracted with 90 per cent alcohol in the same manner as described above. The alcohol extract was evaporated to dryness, acidulated with dilute sulphuric acid, mixed with a ferric sulphate solution, and distilled from a retort which was joined to a condenser sealed by a U-tube filled with water and carbon bisulphide. If a very small amount of iodine had been present it would have colored the carbon bisulphide and could have been titrated with sodium thiosulphate, but not enough was present. After the distillation had been continued long enough to be sure that all iodine had been volatilized, crystals of potassium permanga- nate were added and the distillation continued the same as before, except that the U-tube acting as a seal was now filled with water and chloroform. The contents of the tube were treated with sodium hydroxide and zine in a breaker and the chloride and bromide solution so formed acidified with nitric acid and precipitated with silver nitrate. The precipitate was dried and weighed. — It was then dissolved in potas- sium cyanide and the silver precipitated by electrolysis.” In this way data on the weight of the combined silver chloride and bromide and the weight of the silver in same was determined. From this the weight of the bromine could be calculated, which in this case was nothing. ARSENIC actp.—An aliquot portion of the above filtrate was acidified with hydrochloric acid, the solution heated to 70° C., and a current of hydrogen sulphide passed through for several hours. In case either arsenic, copper, or lead were present they would be precipitated. No precipitation took place in any of the springs. Boric actp.—A test for boric acid was made in the following manner: A part of the above filtrate was evaporated to dryness, treated with a cubic centimeter or two of water and slightly acidified with hydro- chloric acid. About 25 or 30 ¢. ¢. of absolute aleohol was added, the solution boiled and filtered. This was repeated. The filtrate was made slightly alkaline with sodium hydrate and evaporated to dry- ness. A very little water was added, the solution slightly acidified with hydrochloric acid, and a strip of tumeric paper placed in the liquid. The whole was evaporated to dryness on the steam bath, and the heating continued until the tumeric paper had become entirely dry. In ease boric acid were e present the tumeric paper took on a cherry- red color. A quantitative determination of boric acid was made in the case of two springs to serve as an example of all the other springs. The method used was the same as that described by Gooch,° except that a slightly different form of apparatus was used. * Bulletin 47 of U. S. Geological Survey. > American Chemical Journal, vol. 8, p. 421. ¢American Chemical Journal, vol. 9, p. 23. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 21 The apparatus used by the author (Fig. II) consisted of a round- bottomed flask with a constricted neck joined to an upright bulbed condenser by means of a glass tube slightly sloping toward the flask instead of being bent at right angles. The flask was heated by being immersed in a paraffin bath, and the distillate was received in a small flask joined to the condenser by means of a grooved cork. The method was as follows: An aliquot portion of the above filtrate evaporated to dryness, was slightly acidified with acetic acid and transferred to the round-bottomed TT ‘ Pe aR 1 TOES TEE: Fie, 2. flask, 10 ¢. c. of methy]! aleohol was added, the flask lowered in the par- aftin bath, and distilled to dryness at a temperature of 130° C. to 140°C., collecting the distillate in the flask attached to the condenser with a grooved stopper. The paraftin bath was lowered, the flask allowed to cool, and 10 ¢. c. more of methyl alcohol added. This was then dis- tilled over and the same process repeated six times, except that after the fourth time a couple of drops of acetic acid were added. A large plati- num crucible now received about | gram of quicklime and was blasted until it ceased to lose weight. The constant weight was recorded and the distillate transferred to the crucible. The alcoholic solution of 22 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. boric acid and the quicklime were stirred together for about fifteen minutes with a platinum rod to be sure that all boric acid was fixed. The volatile contents of the crucible were now evaporated off at a low temperature. It was found necessary to grease the edges of the crucible with vaseline to keep the solution from crawling over. After the contents of the crucible had been evaporated to dryness the cruci- ble was fully dried in the air bath and finally blasted. The increase in weight of the crucible gives the weight of boric anhydride (B,O,) present. TRON, ALUMINUM, AND MANGANESE.—The residue spoken of previ- ously that was reserved for the determination of ir on, aluminum, and manganese was treated with hydrochloric acid and evaporated to “dry - ness. It was thoroughly dried at about 120° C., again taken up a water and hydroc -hloric acid and filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and dried at 120°C. It was then taken up with hydrochloric acid and water and filtered again. This filtrate was heated to the boiling temperature, and ammonia added, a drop at a time, until it could be very faintly smelled coming off from the solution. The solution was then filtered and the pr ecipitate well washed with hot water, burned and weighed as Fe,O, and Al,O, in the ordinary manner. The ammoniacal filtrate from above was treated with a few drops of bromine, more ammonia was then added, and the whole boiled after stirring up. The vessel was removed from the source of heat, cooled a little, and a little more bromine and ammonia added. This process repeated once or twice precipiated all the manganese as the oxide. The solution was made slightly acid with acetic acid, filtered and washed at once with hot water. The filter and contents were burned and weighed as Mn,O,. This is the method by which the iron, aluminum, and manganese were determined in springs 24 to 46, inclu- sive. In the first 23 springs these three elements were determined in the same portion that was used for the estimation of calcium and magnesium. Srirca.—In this determination a large quantity of water was evapor- ated to dryness in platinum with the occasional addition of small amounts of hydrochloric acid. Afterall the water had been evaporated to dryness, the dish and contents were completely dried at 120° C. The residue was taken up with hydrochloric acid and water, heated and filtered, washing the residue thoroughly with hot water. This process took out most of the silica. The filtrate was then evaporated to dryness, dried thoroughly at 120° C., again taken up in hydro- chlorie acid solution by heat, and filtered. The filtrate was made to a definite volume, aliquot portions of which were used for the determina- tions of calcium, magnesium, sulphuric acid, potassium, sodium, lith- ium, and phosphoric acid. ‘The two residues were transferred to a crucible, burned and blasted in the ordinar y way. and finally weighed as silica. CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM.—An aliquot portion of the above filtrate was first treated with ammonia and filtered, then treated with ammonia and bromine water and filtered, and finally treated with ammonium oxalate in the usual manner. This was allowed to stand over night, the liquid filtered off, and the precipitate dissolved in hydrochlori¢ acid and reprecipitated with ammonia and a little extra ammonium oxalate. This was allowed to stand over night and filtered and washed on the same paper previously used. The precipate was dried, trans- HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 93 ferred to a crucible, burned and blasted in the ordinary way, and finally weighed as calcium oxide. The combined filtrates were eyapo- rated to dryness in platinum and the major part of the ammonium salts driven off by the aidof heat. The residue was dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid and filtered. The filtrate was made slightly ammo- niacal, enough sodium phosphate solucion added, a drop ‘at a time, to precipitate all magnesium, and 10 ce. of concentrated ammonia finally added, drop by drop. The beaker was covered and allowed to stand over night, filtered, washed with dilute ammonia water, dried, blasted, and weighed as magnesium pyrophosphate. SULPHURIC ACID, POTASSIUM, SODIUM, AND LITHIUM.—Another por- tion of the above filtrate was precipitated while boiling with hot, dilute barium chloride, and after standing filtered from the precipitated barium sulphate, which was washed, dried, burned, and finally weighed in the ordinary way. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and taken up with water. This solution was precipitated with a solution of barium hydrate and filtered off from the insoluble magnesium hydrate. The magnesiurh hydrate precipitate was well washed and the combined filtrate and washings treated with ammonia, ammonium carbonate, and a little ammonium oxalate to precipitate barium and calcium. This precipi- tate was allowed to stand over night, filtered off and well washed. The filtrate and washings were evaporated to dryness on the steam bath, dried, and all of the ammonium salts driven off by gentle heat. The residue was taken up with water, filtered through a small filter, using as little wash water as possible, evaporated to a small volume, and finally again precipitated with a drop of ammonia and two to three drops of ammonium carbonate and oxalate. If any precipitate appeared, which was not usually the case, it was filtered off and the same process repeated. In any case, the solution was filtered from the magnesium hydrate that had precipitated out on concentrating the solution. The yee was then evaporated to dryness and all ammo- nium salts driven off by heating in platinum to a little below redness. The residue was taken up with a little water and filtered through a small filter, again using as little wash water as possible, and again heated in a to a point slightly below red heat. By this time all of the magnesia should have been removed. The residue was then taken up with a little water, filtered into a weighed platinum dish, treated with a few drops of hydrochloric acid, and evaporated to dry- ness. This residue was thoroughly dried, heated to a little below redness, cooled in a desiccator, and finally weighed as the combined chlorides of potassium, sodium, and lithium. The determination of lithium was then made accor ding to the method of Gooch*—i. e., the combined chlorides were dissolved in water and transferred to a small beaker, where they were again evaporated nearly to dryness. About 30 cc. of amyl alcohol was added and the contents of the beaker boiled until the temperature had risen to approximately the boiling point of the amy] alcohol, showing that all of the water had been driven off. The liquid was cooled slightly , and a drop of hydro- chloric acid was added to reconvert small amounts of lithium hydrate to lithium chloride. The boiling was then continued to again drive off all water, until finally the liquid had reached a volume of about 15 cc. 2 American Chemical Journal, vol. 9, p. 33. 94 — HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. The amyl] alcohol was then filtered off in a weighed platinum dish and the filter washed with a little amy! alcohol that was also allowed to iun into the dish. The amy] alcohol was driven off from the filter and beaker in the air bath and these two kept for the determinations of potassium and sodium. The contents of the platinum dish were evaporated to dryness, treated with a little dilute sulphuric acid, and finally burned and weighed. This gave the weight of the lithium sulphate, from which was subtracted 0.0017 gram to correct for the solubility of the _sodium and potassium chlorides in the amyl alcohol. The residue was finally tested with the spectroscope for the lithium line. In every case the lithium line was found, but in no case was any lithium sulphate left after applying the correction of 0.0017 gram. The lithium was therefore reported as traces. The contents of the beaker and filter from which the amyl alcohol had been driven were then used for the determination of potassium and sodium. The contents of the beaker were dissolved in hot water and passed through the filter, which was thoroughly washed. The combined filtrate and washings were transferred to a porcelain dish, treated with platinum chloride solution, and evaporated nearly to dry- ness. The residue was treated with 80 per cent alcohol and thoroughly washed on the filter with this medium until all platinum chloride had been washed out. The filter paper was dried at the temperature of boiling water, and the residue dissolved in water and passed into a weighed platinum dish from which the water was evaporated off, the dish and contents dried at the temperature of boiling water, and finally weighed as potassium platinic chloride. An addition of 6.0008 gram of potassium chloride to the weight of this substance found is necessary. The weight of the sodium chloride is found by subtracting the com- bined weights of the lithium chloride (in this case nothing) and the potassium chloride (corrected) from the total weight of the three chlorides. Of course, if the amyl! alcohol in the determination of lithium above is not evaporated to exactly 15 cc., the corrections will be different from those mentioned above.* PuospHoric Aactp.—A third aliquot portion from the filtrate men- tioned above was treated with about 10 ce. (con.) nitric acid and evap- orated in a porcelain dish nearly to dryness to drive off hydrochloric acid. The residue was taken up with water and if necessary filtered. Ammonia was added to alkalinity and then nitric acid to just bring back to acidity. Some ammonium nitrate was added and the beaker heated in the water bath to 45- to 50° C. Molybdate solution was then added and the solution kept at a temperature of 45° to 50° C. for half an hour. The yellow precipitate formed at this point appeared in most cases only in traces, but in a few cases it was filtered off and washed with cold water till it was entirely free of nitric and molybdic acids. The precipitate and filter were then transferred to a beaker, a little water added, and the paper and contents thoroughly beaten into a pulp. The yellow precipitate was then dissolved by the addi- tion of a small amount of standard potassium hydroxide solution (1c. ¢c.=1 milligram of P,O,); phenolphthalein was added and the solution titrated with standard nitric acid solution of exactly the same strength as the alkaline solution. From the data so obtained the *For the discussion of this, see the original article already mentioned. SE HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 25 amount of phosphoric acid ion in the water can be calculated.* For the determination of fluorine the same method was used as described by Gooch and Whitfield.” For the determination of barium and stron- tium a combination of Gooch and Whitfield’s method along with another was employed. They are briefly as follows: Fruorme.—A large quantity of water was evaporated to dryness and filtered off from the residue which was washed on the filter. The filter and contents were dried, the contents placed aside and the filter burned and the ash added to the contents. The whole was now trans- ferred to a flask, which was so arranged as to allow a current of air to pass through any liquid that might be in the bottom, and from there into an attached u-tube, partly filled with dilute ammonia. Concen- trated sulphuric acid was added to the contents of the flask, and a current of dry air passed through the liquid, and from there into the U-tube. The flask was heated to 150° C. If any considerable amount of fluorine had been present it should have been volatilized as silican tetra fluoride and then decomposed by the dilute ammonia in the u-tube, depositing silica in so doing. No silica appeared at this point in the spring examined. The contents of the U-tube was removed and treated with zinc oxide dissolved in ammonia, evaporated till ammonia ceased to come off and filtered. The filtrate was treated with calcium chloride, followed by sodium carbonate in boiling solution, filtered and washed. The residue was ignited and extracted with acetic acid. Operating in this way no residue of caleium fluoride was found. BaRIUM AND sTRoNTIUM.—The residue left in the flask from the above determination was transferred to platium, treated with enough hydrofluoric acid to volatilize all silica and with some sulphuric acid and evaporated to dryness. This treatment was repeated. ‘The residue was fused with sodium carbonate, treated with water and a few drops of alcohol, filtered, and washed. The contents of the filter was digested with hot dilute acetic acid to dissolve barium, strontium, magnesium, and calcium carbonates and filtered. ‘he filtrate was then nearly neutralized with ammonia and about fifty times the weight of the com- bined sulphates in ammonium sulphate was added, which ammonium sulphate was dissolved.in four times its weight of water. The whole was allowed to stand over night. In case barium or strontium were present they would be precipitated here as the sulphates. Only a slight nonweighable opalescence appeared, however, in the spring examined. For the sake of completeness, and to be ‘able to test the final residue with the spectroscope, the process was carried on just as inan actual determination. The precipitated sulphates were filtered and washed with a ccncentrated solution of ammonium sulphate, till no more calcium was present in the wash water, as shown by the ammo- nium oxalate test. The filter was ignited and the residue evaporated to dryness with a drop or two of sulphuric acid. The combined sul- phates so obtained from a very large quantity of water did not weigh over 0.5 milligram, and most of “this was caleium sulphate. The extremely small residue was fused with sodium carbonate, treated with avery small quantity of water, and filtered on a very small filter paper, washing only once. Dilute hydrochloric acid was now passed through *Bul. 46 (revised edition), U. 8S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Chemistry. 1899. >Bul. 47, U. S. Geological Survey. 26 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. the filter and the filtrate containing any barium and strontium as the chlorides was collected in a platinum dish and evaporated to dryness. The minute residue was tested by the spectroscope for the barium and strontium lines, both of which were faintly seen. Srrontrum.—This substance was determined in a separate portion. The oxide of calcium, which had been obtained by blasting the ammonium oxalate precipitate in the determination of calcium, was transferred to a small flask and dissolved in concentrated nitric acid. The acid was entirely evaporated off by means of a current of air and heating in a paraffin bath to 135° C. The flask and contents were dried at 140° C., and the completely dried nitrates were treated with the least possible quantity of a mixture of equal parts of absolute aleohoi and ether, necessary to dissolve the calcium nitrate. The flask was corked, allowed to stand over night, and the insoluble resi- due, if any, filtered off on the smallest possible filter and washed with the ether-alcohol mixture. ‘The strontium nitrate on the filter was washed with water into a platinum dish and evaporated to dryness. The dish was blasted to change the nitrate to the oxide. No increase in the weight of the dish was noticed, yet upon treating the contents of the dish with a little hydrochloric acid, evaporating nearly to dry- ness and testing with the spectroscope, the strontium lines were seen. THE MEDICINAL VALUE OF THE VARIOUS SALTS AND GASES USUALLY PRESENT IN MINERAL WATERS. CARBONATES AND BICARBONATES. —One of the most important groups of mineral waters are the alkaline waters, which are characterized by the presence, in predominating quantities, of one or more of the alkaline or alkaline earth carbonates or bicarbonates. These are the carbonates or bicarbonates of sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, and magnesium. In case iron is present in large quantities as the bicarbonate we have a water belonging to the chalybeate class. Since these waters are alkaline - they are excellent remedies in cases of sour stomach and in sick headaches which arise from acid dyspepsia. They act very markedly on the mucous membranes, increasing the flow of the gastric juice and other digestive fluids and are consequently of use in many cases of indiges- tion. In conjunction with the sulphated salines they give excellent results when used in the treatment of catarrhal conditions of the stomach and intestines. Such waters correct acidity of the urine, markedly increase the flow of urine and help to dissolve uric acid deposits. They are therefore of value 1 in cases of rheumatism, gout, diabetes, ete. Sodium carbonate and bicarbonate.—Sodium carbonate or bicarbo- nate appears as a normal constituent of the blood, lymph, and nearly all secretions of the mucous membrane. Where conditions arise that eause these fluids to become acid, waters containing carbonate or bicarbonate of soda are of value in counteracting the effect. Waters containing either of these substances have been used with excellent effect in the treatment of acid dyspepsia, diabetes, where sugar has been caused to disappear from the urine by their use, and in breaking up and eliminating deposits of uric acid and uric acid sand and gravel. Potassium carbonate and bicarbonate.—Both of these salts are readily soluble in water. The bicarbonate is the one usually present in mineral waters. The properties of this salt are very much the same HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. mal as those of sodium bicarbonate. It increases the flow of urine and corrects acidity of the bodily fluids. Its chief use is in-the treatment of stone in the bladder. Lithium carbonate and bicarbonate.—Lithium carbonate is very sparingly soluble in water, while the bicarbonate is quite soluble. It is in the latter form that lithium is most often reported in mineral waters. This compound is most frequently used in cases of rheuma- tism and gout, where it forms a very soluble urate which is easily eliminated from the system. In cases of gravel and calculi it is a very valuable disintegrating agent. Magnesium carbonate and bicarbonate.—These two substances are mild laxatives and are perhaps the best of all the carbonates and biearbonates in correcting an acid condition of the stomach and curing sick headache caused by constipation. They are valuable agents in breaking up deposits in the bladder. Calcium carbonate and bicarbonate.—Calcium is usually present in waters as the bicarbonate. Both of these compounds are quite differ- ent in their effects from the other carbonates and bicarbonates men- tioned. While the others are evacuant and promote secretions, the calcium compounds constipate and decrease the secretions. Very obstinate cases of chronic diarrhea have often been cured by a sojourn at a spring rich in calcium bicarbonate. Uric acid gravel and ealculi are disintegrated and eliminated by the free use of calcic carbonated waters. ; Ferrous and manganous bicarbonates.—Neither iron nor manganese ever occur in mineral waters as the carbonate, but usually as the bicarbonate. Both of these compounds have practically the same effect. When taken internally, they are dissolved by the gastric juice and taken into the blood. They increase the appetite and the number of red blood corpuscles. It will thus be seen that such waters give excellent results when used as a tonic or in cases of anemia. ‘Too long continued use of waters rich in bicarbonate of iron or manganese result in constipation and derangement of the digestion. CHLORIDES.—Chlorine occurs in waters as chlorides, in combination, most frequently, with sodium, potassium, or lithium, and sometimes with calcium, magnesium, or iron. The chlorides form the basis of that large group of mineral waters, the muriated salines. Sodium chloride occurs in almost all mineral springs to some slight extent, but in the muriated saline waters it occurs in large quantities asa predominating constituent. Waters containing large quantities of this substance are chiefly used in giving baths, which increase the action of the skin, and by absorption through the pores serve as a genuine tonic. ‘Taken internally the flow of the digestive fluids is pro- moted and the appetite increased. Putrefactive changes in the intes- tines are also prevented. In large doses sodium chloride increases the flow of urine and the amount of urea present in the same. Potassium chloride has very much the same effect on the human system as does sodium chloride. Lithium chloride has practically the same effect as lithium carbonate and bicarbonate mentioned above. Magnesium chloride is often used medicinally as a cathartic and to increase the flow of bile. _ Calcium chloride occurs in a number of muriated saline springs. It is used in cases of general debility as a tonic. It increases the flow of 28 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. urine and perspiration and waters containing it are used in the treat- ment of scrofulous diseases and eczema. Ferrous chloride.—The occurrence of this substance in mineral waters is rather rare. When present, however, it acts as a tonic and in gen- eral has the same properties as ferrous bicarbonate, already mentioned. Ammonium chloride.—W hen used internally it has the stimulating effect of ammonia. It is used in nervous cases as ovaralgia, se iatica, and other neuralgic disorders. In congestion of the liver its use has . been beneficial. Externally it is used as a wash for ulcers and sores. It, however, seldom occurs in springs in quantities large enough to be of any value. SULPHATES are frequently found in mineral waters, and when present in large quantities give rise to that large class, the sulphated salines. Sodium and magnesium sulphates, or Glauber and Epsom salts respectively, in small doses act as a laxative, in large doses as a cathartic. They are both valuable in increasing the flow of the intes- tinal fluids and in increasing the flow of urine, accompanied by an increased elimination of urea. Waters containing these salts are of great service in eliminating syphilitic, scrofulous, and malarial poisons from the system, and in eliminating mercury and other metallic poisons. Persons suffering from obesity, derangement of the liver, and Bright’s disease are perhaps the most benefited by this class of waters. It must be borne in mind that such waters should be used with great care by the feeble and anaemic. Potassium sulphate i s frequently present in mineral waters, but in smaller quantities than the magnesium and sodium salts. Its action is practically the same as that of the other two sulphates mentioned above. Calermm sulphate occurs in a great many mineral waters, and is the component that gives to them the property of permanent hardness. — It is not used medicinally. Tron and aluminum sulphates are usually found associated with each other in mineral waters. They are both powerful astringents. The waters containing iron sulphate are also used as tonics, but this is not nearly as good a form in which to give the iron as is the bicarbonate. Because of their astringent action, waters containing these two sub- stances have been used with success in treating locally inflamed parts of the mucous membranes and ulcers cn the outside of the body. Toprprs.—The iodides are usually reported in mineral waters as the potassium. or sodium salt. They occur in nearly all cases only as traces, yet their action is shown ina marked degree. They are alterative in effect and are consequently used in the treatment of scrofula, rheuma- tism, and syphilis. While drinking waters containing iodides the flow of urine is very much increased and mercurial and other metallic pol- sions are rapidly eliminated from the system. BromrpEs act as alteratives in much the same way as iodides but to not so marked an extent. They also act as sedatives. PHOSPHATES in mineral waters are usually reported in one of three forms, viz, sodium, iron, or calcium phosphate. The sodium phos- phate acts as a mild laxative, the iron phosphate as a tonic, and the caleium phosphate as a medicine in those conditions of the body where lime salts are deficient, as rickets, etc. BorareEs.—Borie acid is not a very common constituent of natural waters, but is found as the sodium salt in springs of southern Cali- HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 29 | fornia in large amounts. Borax has been used internally to dissolve lithic acid gravel. It promotes the menstrual flow, so may be used in catamenial irregularities. Applied as a douche in catarrhal conditions of the uterus it is of value. NrrratEs.—Any nitric acid that may appear in a water is usually reported as sodium nitrate. This compound does not usually occur in waters to a marked extent unless they are contaminated. W hen pres- ent in large enough amounts it increases the flow of urine and acts as a purg ative. Sriica.—Silica appears in mineral waters both as free silica and as silicates. The medicinal vaiue of silica has not been thoroughly inves- tigated, although one or two investigations have been made which seem to show that it is of value when taken for cancer, and that sugar and albumin have disappeare 1 from the urine upon using it. The gases that usually occur in water are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulphide. NITROGEN AND OXYGEN are present in all waters that have come in contact with the air. On account of the limited solubility of both they can not occur in waters in very large quantities. Neither of them when present in waters has any medicinal value. SARBON DIOXIDE is present in all natural waters to some extent, but in some springs the amount is very large, thus giving rise to that lar ve class of carbonated waters of which the Saratoga springs furnish a good example. Such waters are extremely palatable, and large quan- tities can be drunk without the full feeling which so often follows copious drinking of water.. In moderate quantities such waters increase the flow of the saliva, promote digestion, and tend to increase the flow of urine. Obstinate cases of nausea can be often relieved by the use of small quantities of highly carbonated waters. HYDROGEN SULPHIDE Is present in many natural waters, giving to them the odor of decayed eggs, and forming that large class, the sul- phuretted waters. When such waters are taken intern ally they act as an alterative, and are consequently of value in the treatment of syphil- itic diseases. They increase the activity of the intestines, kidneys, and sweat glands, so are of use in the treatment of rheumatism and cout. Excellent results have been obtained when these waters were used in treating many skin diseases and malaria. THE MEDICAL VALUE OF THERMAL WATERS. The curative effects of thermal waters are undoubtedly due, to a large extent, to their stimulating effects on the excretory organs of the © skin and the kidneys. To fully understand this we have only to examine the routine through which a patient passes at these thermal resorts. The pores are first thoroughly opened and sweating begun by immersing the patient in hot water for from three to ten minutes. The patient is then placed in the steaming room for about five minutes and at the same time drinks copiously of hot water. ‘This treatment, of course, produces a profuse perspiration. After this the patient is wrapped i in blankets and passed on to a warm room for twenty to thirty minutes, where the perspiration runs off in streams. After this the patient is rubbed down and allowed to dress. A desire to urinate soon comes. Thus we see that the system is thoroughly flooded with water and washed out each day, and that tissue changes take place with won- 30 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. dertul rapidity. It is no wonder then that uric acid, sy phils poisons, other materials of disease, and mercurial and other ‘metallic poisons are soon eliminated from the system. With such effects as those men- tioned above, hot baths then must be of value in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, syphilis, neuralgia, ete. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. in writing the above pages on the medicinal value of mineral waters I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to the following works: ** Mineral Springs of the United States and Canada,” by G. E. Wal- ton; ‘* Mineral Waters of the United States and Their Therapeutic Uses,” by J. K. Crook, and **Mineral Waters of Missouri, a Report of the Missouri Geolog ical Survey,” by Paul Schweitzer. In the following pages there first appears a table showing the tem- peratures of the springs at different dates. This is followed by a second table showing the flow, in gallons per twenty-four hours nel each spring. Finally the analy sis of each spring Is given, ac companied by a hypothetical combination of the various bases rand acids, and any remarks that might be of interest. Temperature of springs. | | | Degrees | Degrees No. Name. Date. centi- | Fahren- | grade. heit. ) teiangee OR ok Nov. 7,1900} 61.9 143.4 1 | Beg spring -.--------- 2-22-22 2220 2-2-2228 prec eee Jan. 8,1901| 61.7 143.1 ‘ . F N 8, 1900 51.9 125.4 2 | Arsenic spring ..-.-..-.---------++++++2+2++2s22+2eeeeeeeeceeee yan 8, 1901 53.9 199.0 =e lees Sie (Nov. 9, 1900 61.7 143.1 3 | Arlington spring. -..--.-..----+--2-+2- 2222222022 ee erent eee Wyant 8,1901|} 61.3 142.3 | case ari Noy. 10,1900 | 55.9 132.6 Al Cliff spring. ..--.-.----+----++++++2+2++2+ 2222s eee eee es esses eee lan 81901| 52.4 126.3 = ao ae aoe fe es fNov. 12,1900 61.4 142.5 - 5 | Avenue spring --..-----2-- <2. + 22-22-2222 e sec cee nose esses \Jan. 81901] 61.9 143.4 6 sBoil ers Ouse] Sp Tin oy yee eee = are eae eee eee tae ey 1B; ee | ae Pe TAPE pPerialesprin eg (OTL) yess eee eee ae ee meee ee ee ee aes ee ed] yeas Aehes Noy. 16,1900 | 30. 2 95.4 Sa RC ny stalls p rll Se seee een nee e eee ee ee a eee eee eee ‘\Jan. 8, 1901 36.2 97.2 Nee oye eS Se \fNov. 17, 1900 61.1 142.0 9 | Rector spring ---.-.--. +. 2---- +2. 22+ 2.222222 8s pe 22 ce eee eos oes Jan. 8,1901 62.4 144.3 Ver Pena cate {Nov. 19,1900 | 57.4 135.3 DLO | SC AWV CS DUN So oie oi le ca eeieceoac Van. 8,1901| 57.2 135.0 1 Sith) esironispring (north) esse = eee eee eee eee eee Jan. 8,190] |} 56.8 134.2 Nov. 22-19 26 « 97.9 123 |(Metblex Gey SCKISP ELM De tepesey yar ees ete eee See et el ae meee cree eg a Rey ey 32 Hees 3 | LT RAE IELop ev Syovahater (SOKA) Goan ae Eee oes Jan. 8,1901 56.3 133.3 Pease (Nov. 23,1900 60.9 141.6 14 | Ral spring ----.---------------- ++ 2-+2se- 22 eee eee e reece setae \Jan. 81901 62.8 145.0 | «cass eat ca lfNov. 24,1900 | 68.9 147.0 a) Big Tron Spring .-.--.----------------------------------------- ] Jan ae 1901 63.9 147.0 Ue: 16 | lin periallsprine (SOUTH) heccese see eee eee eee eee eke a 1 ne tale 17s) Arsenic spring (north) = 24 soasssce bose h eee eeere ee eee eee ene aa on eee 1$7| ME tehcocksspring = 8. soe Sashes eee ee Were ae et aie eee ee ag (Dec. 1,1900 56.4 133.5 US) SSUES ONS MES) Seen occ Sah so sare ae acess ae SeresscceseeeSe=2 \Jan. 8,1901 56.1 133.0 20s Superior spring (MOrEa) a see ee ee eee eee eee Nee 8’ te ne ae ; ie (Dec. 4,1900| 43.3 109.9 21 | Alum spring .-...-----.--------++++++++++222ecees eee cet ee eee \Jan. 8, 1901 46.0 114.8 = e 2 : e Dis . 22|| ‘Superior spring, (south))-<.222<-< 2352205 <2 seer ee el eee 3 1200 | eae ae Bent seat ete r Dee. 190 2. 143.6 23 ee Rwalllts Ee Pg (OCU) eee eee ee ee eee eee ae . 1900 see 144.3 ‘ * . ) Dee. 7,1900 62.3 144.1 24°) Twin spring (South) - <2 oe eee ee ee ee { Jan. 8. 1901 60.3 140.5 ter HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. pon Temperature of springs—Continued. Degrees | Degrees No. Name. : : Date. eanti- | Fahren- } grade. heit. | epennel as: = a alee {Dec. 10, 1900 62.7 144.8 es ee ne tees erehrred caboose Wan. 8, 1901 62.9 145.2 ae jDec. 11,1900 63.4 146.1 SS So A eee Jan. $1901 61.4 142.5 a ae IDV.) aL TIS O) || Wee ea al] ee 2 SERIE) SSRIS (oooh ec SoBe SESE See Sear aRe ae Sno = sou Sed Jan. $1901 51.9 125.4 ie Ase (ive een As 900), epee ers ee aa JL STL SIPING, soe b oes ses Babee pate pee See cSasaan = aaebano oat Van. 1001 59.8 139.6 a ee ae ees 125 1900 o7.1 134.8 ci PLPIDERS SIS Se Seo spe ae ce Ge Cae aie rane Wan: jf 1901 a7. 136.0 - one Gs palby, 0) 3.9 129.0 21) ARCUL SIDER SoS Sas So Soe ea Se pe eee ae eno bebop ease Van: 1001 ote 125.4 ae a| eae Beery { Dee. , 1900 1.4 124.5 Pa) ENTE. IRENOE = Ges 25 52 SSS eS oo SoBe booed Sea eae SAS aaa d= Jan. 8; 1901 51.4 124.5 _ 5) ee eae (Dec. 17, 46.0 114.8 22) Tolein Wie ING OUSis gees Se be Sedge SooeSasaesshassnedssese say aese Idee : ae 46.5 115.7 R azie : jDec. 18,1900 48.3 118.9 52 LAL ELGN SIDEIRIES docs = Se eS ee brea a Gabe eet setae Jan. 8, 1901 49.2 120.6 RKO P Dec. 20,1900 47.9 118.2 Pe BL WG NTS ASSIS 22 SoS Seremban Saeed suo oo ub s =k ae ian: 8, 1901 47.3 1171 AS ; ae (Dec. 21,1900 39.0 102.2 25 EE TER TUNIS OUIES So Si og Sea eye see c> bi dane shone a Wan. 81901 18.0 109.4 Fea ae {Dec. 22,1900 48. 120.0 22 EISGME UTIL: oo ces0e orcs pai aaah See as oS Ogee Gcvacaii oe \Jan. 8, 1901 48.8 119.8 2 1 RE eee jDec. 52.9 127.2 20 | SES CRE STG o8i sei Ce BER edad nO sa kara nah \Jan. 8, 1901 52.6 126.7 = z cae fDee. 27,1900 58.8 137.8 38 | Horse Shoe spring -..-.---.---...-----------------------+------ Wan: ° 1901 59. 8 139.6 Sys | a ere Tees ses {Dec. 28,1900 61. 142.5 39 | Army and Navy spring. --....---------------. 2-2-2222 sss iat S 1901 61.4 142.5 = ceo lege (Dec. 31,1900 48.9 120.0 00) Vio dip Tomiie S\oaweyss 5 eda eseoooresereuMeeciaosaheuaus - - sane --- pelea ° ue 48.9 120.0 artes Dee. 29,190 46.8 116.2 Be SEO. SPRUE eds seep ce costs sa eeeeon Sc Rae Se tet cre renoe pce eaere \an. 8, 1901 48.3 118.9 on | pS es ee eae idamkcarOsTOOT evens Sea). Vea 2 | Mare MeSI a SPY een nn an te nin ne nn \Jan. 81901 58.3 136.9 ; a Awhaas See an. 38,1901 46.3 115.3 BE GSCI OIE SU NOIE eo ph EAC ad ee nop o eine eugene Wan: 8, 1901 46.1 115.0 Fae lee eae aa \ ifJan. 4, 1901 8.0 46.4 44 | LIMP Sous (GONG!) ceggedasemesos sen cbbhesaloeronnpecmatseescs Vet SEI O Otte |e aera eae nan 45 | Kidney spring (cold) -.-.- Bee rte vias Seca la eT EU DD ee > aa 0 Bae | ests fJan. 6,1901 51.5 124.7 46 | GAG Te SUNN Sec ctie ened eben Soe oaccctbcs geen eas oma corse: Jan. 8,1901 51.5 124.7 Fiow of springs. Flow of Flow of Number. springs per Number. springs per 24 hours. 24 hours. Gallons. Gallons. aa gee Se RE lee ae ee eee 28, 800 800 Lae cacao eh Ean trae aan 10, 800 221, 000 MMM ean se oe UG 19, 938 2) 618 He -secaestoces ote ep ado-c es aesegsecsaac 3, 600 (?) REM SINE fre ae 17, 280 7, 200 © onc cl Elo) Ge a eeaiiere ie aoe aa 32, 400 | 28, 800 Fae LT eee See ee eee ea 18,514 | 28, 800 eet, Lelie nine anit a2) 000 2) 469 (2) fa betes I ees eee eS 51, 840 9, 600 mr near ata Set 18, 514 5, 760 RINNE oes er 524 240, 000 Pei es hs Bf eh 8, 640 35, 000 Po) ena Sin aa ae peer al 201, 600 4,320 pe Se a ae 235, 000 a4) 000 TG) 2 OS SER Ae eee ree eee tee epee 18, 292 250, 000 DE ei a ae aie ea tise waite 3,677 420,000 Ll lL eel een Oeeeearhe 1, 152 659 208 92 2p, = ROR SEO EEE ED eee eee 1,723 511 EE I es eras eae ae oem sees 10, 800 a 25, 000 Pee i a iric 1 Siate.c/ (magnesium bicarbonate). -£- 2. =. ---- o-se se aan eee ee ease 25. 96 10.31 Ca(HCO3)si(caleiumybicarbonate) ie - ese ease eee eee ee eee eee 186.66 | 66. 48 He(HCO3)s,(ferroussbicarbonate)o-2e 8a. 2 esee ee eee eee eee eee . 76 227 Mni(HCO3)5) (Mmanganous bicarbonate) se eses-- pees -eetiae eee see ene eee oe 1.16 aah SIMs (SUTCA) See ae ie eiaree bie etelggne ese oe eee ee Caren ee 45.11 16.07 Total. 28a aes soe an ee seine Seis Bee es ye SE RE Ee ee re eee 280.786 | 100 a Small amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 2.—Arsenic spring. 33 [Situhted at base of Hot Springs Mountain, under wall of Arlington Hotel. Sample for mineral analysis taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on November 8, 1900, was 51.9° C., and January 8, 1901, was 53.99 C. This spring could not be reached, so the temperature was taken about 35 feet from the spring.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure) .— Nitrogen, 7.97; oxygen, 3.34; carbon dioxide (free), 9.15; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.48; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per gent of | Amount of zh tota water used Formula and name. Parts per | inorganic | for each million * |materialin| determina- solution. tion. OG: SOP A CSEITCD) Pemertan se eimistete ese ane hoe cee ieee alinjneinie See eleieteiiesctes 44. 48 16.34 8, 000 SOis (SLL MOTT eNO); Sane eb aooeeoconeeesbocoaseasooUsEESsese 8. 24 3.03 4, 000 ERO (nlecarbOnic aAciGuragi Cle)! oo. seam cnc aei-e saci eins asinine 160. 50 58.95 100 OPN (RIE ecer CLG TA GICLO) yz css 2 aie mie Some = miwrm m= iain nei wins ernie = 44 o lli/ 100 INO MILrOUSTAGIG TAGI CIC) q<4. eae oes io ae ee ees = Rioacaneonasae IMEKASS lo ssestocos5e 100 OPA MPHOSPHOLIG ACIOMAGI ClO) era seat elelatelee el ayetay ciel /-f= sas Saal Mracen ieee cece sue 2, 000 BGA ME tADOLIC ACI GSTAGi Cle) eae sect sae cies cise accu cee aise omeleiae (C2 5 HBSS eBeas cade 38, 000 PERO IESe OIC ACIOeT AGI CLS) heme acl ste era seine fe nee eter inj seieie INNING; llacooenodosec 3, 000 Cl (chlorine) 2.50 92 800 Br (bromine) AUER sadoceasoace 3, 200 L (OWING) cede sapaeadecaS BESHR SOAR SUED eRe BSe= = Cpe Sa SeRencconeaaes AUENCES |cosecacaaeas 3, 200 a Girontandfaluminum) ees. 2 sas ese seem cise seuss cicis lS ee 24 09 2,000 LUT, (ENTERS). cca saee Que eM eSe sees SOB eenEeeoA pea Tee ee Seep aeT eS ALENEC S| ec boosdose =e 25.000 Sa. (Gai EIN |S Jee Seen se Bee aa eU bee eo ose cE eS Saeco creat aeer set 44, 64 16. 40 2,000 RSS (TAS VESTULIN ioe meters cepa sonic siiis ssn chee ec ee a bic ne es Peace es ey 4.77 1.70 2, 000 LE [PiCUASGisit)) = See Ran eons uns oadeeaE dane cReeTeaceds a eeo saa Goce aeeee 1,98 74 4; 000 PSR USOGLIUEEN Ses, cioe ates we eats tins cere Sekt Gemeeeeicicnes Bae Scare 4.46 1. 64 4, 000 Te LUC EUUEEN) eet cota a eraye isis eeeinie ole Driseics nie eisicisieie/o18 2 = se Rossa DTA Pee oeneeees 4, 000 BED eem( CHELDTEL OVERCEIN) preyer eye evar ie are mi torso aiaie rein ehelave einiereisiereveNc Tener . 060 02 500 TIQEA |» 2 db 0CSes NPS OOUUC ED EI CEE OES A ae eee ee eee 272. 310 LOOIS Al Soest eee BRD UIES IT Seer mecte cieteisice (nagnesiumebicarbonate)io: een 4--osseee ao see ee eee eter e ee Serer eee | 29.38 10. 50 Cai(EICO3) ni (calcium) bicarbonate) Sessa. 2 sec eeee eee eee eee eee ae ee asic & 67.10 icoy (ferric oxidevamdlallummia)) see ya eee ee | 40 14 Min Og (MAN ganO-man sani c OxAC ©) ) see ae eee ee 30 | ail Si@s(silica), os scl. hc ooo tes Std ce en | 44.89 | 16.04 TOtal ese 2o eee SI a Se ee ee a ee | 279. 8331 100 a Small amount. —_—r HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 4.—Cliff Spring. BD [Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain under wall of Arlington Hotel. Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on November 10, 1900, was 55.9° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 52.4°C. This spring could not be reached, so the temperature was taken about 8 feet from the spring.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 7.85; oxygen, 3.36; carbon dioxide (free), 12.52; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.46; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per cent of | Amount os eee tota water use Formula and name. po ne inorganic | foreach | * |material in} determina- | solution. tion. Os SHOP MIS ECL GS) Rytscee ercictcinicisies= Ss oie Sass acs oe See e eweeeweaosesel 8, 000 SOaGuilphuricacid radicle) i sa-ccs sees aes acesocec snes eens sineeince 4, 000 HCO biCaLrpOnicacid TAGICle)) G2. socsceecccn- ccc Soest eee ncme = 100 NG QHtme la ciara Cle) Ee eco ence oe are eerie a= sien | 100 MOS ETOUS ACIO TAGICIC) a6 so eat one ooo Scoe see Me enis sacs 100 POMC BHOSPHOLIG ACIG TAGICIC) ie osc 2 oe. assess ae eee Goce s sense | 2,000 BOs (MELADOLIC ACIG Tra dicle)=.-+ 3-2 sos saan ce secs eee edeceee see 3, 000 UAC ATSC HICIACIGITAGICIC) sae =e ase com seine cee canines oe eaeeoe ses 3, 000 | ELETICTANE CS) cc sea ae ee ee | 800 LED (DENSE U AVE) a Pe ee 3, 200 NH GHRI ETO) teers ae he om eae ce sa Gos heks Hoek Seseee ease owe eats 3, 200 | Ay fron SUE GENIAL TTY, Pees ts eee er tetas Sas 2, 000 MVP EEESDET NNICSE) )getan ee tinis Ses eee oe it SSS ya A opatela aie cisisicc side Sere hee 2,000 RGsIm (GaU CLUIIN pee ees oe oe spo ae Seisioe oacesiieainle stan tivreisia ste aisteree 2,000 MPa GHIS OPIOID) ets oer ce asics eisai ae Ja cemoeie oc ae eels 2, 000 TE (DOVE SCT 15 Se ee ee Ee ae 4, 000 INE (ISOOIT TEEN \° A A ae Oe ee eee ne ae Ree. .” Seeuabalee 4, 000 [on (ING Ze as Sas Ao See eee a Ree er eae... eee 4,000 BBE (LITA ORT VUTI) eter eras = Se eee ices Se bclele singe woeeigeesee 500 TRU 2 5d56ebseSS ase eSB Bae So ae eee EEE eee mets 271. 8943 | LOOM ae tater “LOUETAL RET) 1G Nets is ia Tete ee DI Prete ial he De eye A Rs 200 PMUPSEETINITT OLE NLU TN OLDS 4a aha a a rae ae eee a Ie nae Se wale a aoe [ee ee Stes sels Soe disawece 500 MPmy RCNELCE EITC ees lee aoe cain c/ Se bre aeons Sais ee ofa sions is assis caeess .25 [peteee tees 200 | aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. yer cent of ota Formula and name. P arte My | inorganic mimon. | material in solution. WEC (armronmiumy Chloride) !jasssas. ssace oe ose aie ee ssn ccd oe Seine wccheneiase| 0. 128 0.05 EG Ie HELEVET TCC INLORIG @) rey sess occ oss niece eee eae ois ooo a oni ia ea oneal MAC Cr I|Reecose cee LCD (GeGi ie Gefen Ayo) ail (oy BG Ke) heya eel a pee ee are Ce a ie Ae eee De 3.83 1.41 REMC USOC EN TMCLMOLIG C) Beem. aise eee re note Son eniae tintin iene come ae tlt . 28 RAB aC BOLASSLUNMDLOMIGE) eee crane seen oonciee Gans as enema oac ee noe aeer (DVACC A Peas seeceeee MIU OLASSIUME IOUT) oe Se aoe cree a ison es dared SA ce Seti nee SL see Oe eee ADEs || GsSSoncsecas REPO (SOOLIEN SIE MALO) poe cee nee sone nice tine ce Soe ers ead ace sa ccd seen enee 12.40 4.56 BES ONT OAT CSET SUP ALe) nn saan cme ne ae eee ee eels se oa a Nireet pail slut ENS On (SOGIMEMEMELADOLALC) Se secu eee ee ee ae ee Sh aD (GS) EINerall eases amas PAULO (ECLA NOSPNALE) ie cece ce =e oe ae clan Jor ees foes ee anaes | Mracey| ees Sse EEE) AUSOGIUIINUTNGTALC) saan sins cc iseicia as oa ae Se Se ican site ai ieeiale He eels | . 60 22 aE ORO) a SOITLITISTLL TILE) Sate aase ee ase sce ere Riot os Se ern coe ite oe ae woo ae | SO024 | Saete eae Motel) (Magnesium bicarbonate)s.--c. oc so-so cos eeee oe eeealeoteeeee | 27.82 | 10. 23 PAGHGOO (CACM DICATDONALE) 25. sone canoe eens cee een eee Uae: | 180.67 | 66. 45 REP REO Oa A CLTOIS DICAT DON DUC) oe cs ee kets eee ear oreo ue Sele | ipa 41 WERCELOO.)> (ManPanous| PicaALbOnate) 2.2.55 2- se oes ce ze ho cece aeeace swemine oral 26 SU Ue SE) Sab ec Bea E eS ES ECT er a nara a fe ee 43. 55 16. 02 SNe be lear fens Nemo a ee ee ape ee ne eels ater Pe ee ecnine Sa ote | 271. 900 100 2Small amount. 36 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 5.—Avenue spring. [Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on November 12,1900, was 61.4° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 61.9° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.24; oxygen, 2.20; carbon dioxide (free), 12.52; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 31.14; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per gene of AMOUR oF tota water use Formula and name. | Parsee inorganic | for each * |\materialin | determina- solution. | tion. : a | Gove SiO, (silica) ....... idateicigibis cieemoaes ants se amistae a Mae ses orca eats 44.31 , 15. 84 8, 000 SOM(sulphuriclacidiradicle) Besa s-eeee seer ee eee eee eee eee eee 7.85 2.81 4,000 HCOz(bicarbonicacidiradicle) peepee eee teaser ste eee eee eeree| 166.50 59. 62 100 IN@3 i (Mitr Cacidbradicle)meeesee eee er eee er eee eee ereer bere serene 44 16 100 NOs ((Mitrousiacidiradi cle) Mees esees sere eee ee eee eee eee eee eee eee } 00225 Coens 100 ROM(phosphoriciacidiradicle) ees ss nee eee astern ee eee | Tracer |Paesese eee 2,000 BOs (metaboricacid magicle) ies. ee ane esee eee eee seen ec eee eee | (3) 25 eee a pase 3,000 IASOR(ATSETI ClaCiG madi CLE) eee eee ema mn ee None. | ate Soe ee 3, 000 GCli(chlorine)/ Ses esses See ese ter acl se eee CER ore eee eee | 2.38 86 | 800 IBTA(DTOMIN eC) Reese easeeee eee ee Bee Soe dle meagsae seine ee se eae | Trace. | Cieuecheaneete 3, 200 I GOGINE) se A Arese ec cms eacis conte pis yecisete aoe Mace Sone eee Trace sa fsceeeseeese 3, 200 Alt (@rontandtaluminum) Pee seee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee 28 | .10 2, 000 Mineman sanese)eeesiae see nee tees ce eee on cere een eee ee eeee 22s 07 2, 000 Ga(caleruml) = A a jace Sos se eee oo ee bose ae eee ceo an dealscemecen 46.58 — | 16.67 © 2, 000 Mei (magnesium) |. sis aciecw oe etic e einige oeee ne selene acer eercae 4.58 | 1. 64 2, 000 KA (POLASSTUIM) ae ecteesee sea ee eo cisc Sa eo eee aa oe er enae 1.65 | -09 4, 000 Nai(SOGTUID) ho S82 ee eae cena eo Ree ease mee cee eee eee Ete ere ae | Avo lama 1. 62 4,000 TT (UGH WIM) Saas ae Seis ae eee nice totes Gale weenie eteaeine Cemecceer TYACCI es ceseeseeee 4, 000 NEHA (@mmonium) inc sscnc eres ose ne eee acer eee eee aces | 084 | - 03 500 —_—_][V_—$<— =| —$—_ | _ ___ —_ _ ALO Ls ae ko So NC p= Mare SD eee i a a | . 279.3862 | 100)... S| -=eeeeoeeeee MotalisOli dss neat sees ys ee EE Oo eee | 201 | 2 ot eee 200 ‘AlbuUMINoidlammomniaes 5-02 sso pees aoe ee eee eee CEE 005) | S52 aaa 500 Oxyeentrequired: 2 2 ee sees Sela eno ee ee Eee eee BE Date BASS Sooke 200 aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Ber cent of ota Formula and name. | Fare es inorganic * | material in solution. NAY CLi(ammoniumichloride) 22 s-se-2 eee eee ee eee eee eee LiCl Githiumychloride) Satseasae eee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee eee eee KCl (potassium chloride).-..--..---..-- Secon eee B Apne secre eastananococssc NaCli(sodiumichloride)\ ofa sasee secon sass siac tem sigs ar hese ee eee ee eee KeBri(potassiumebromid ©) ms acesas2 — ee eee ee ee Een se eee eee eee eee Rue KIT (POtASSLUMPIOGI Ge) Rats Ss sos as Soa sees esis less aoe eee anes eee IN@>SOn(Sodiumisulphate) sce a-s-he-eeee eee eee eens eee eee eee NaBOs (Sodiumem etaboraite) sos ssee= asses eee ean seat eee eee eee a eeeee Gar (BOs rs(Galciumsp hosphate) seen ese eee en eee eee eee eee eee eae NaNO; (sodium nitrate) (is2s2 fe onsets of site see cece ee acini lesa eee NaN Os (SOGIUMMNILTILE) Soo 55 jagaee sso lene oc ee eee 2 ee eee eee eee EEE ere ENA (COs) (Soditmebicarbonate) en. seee aceasta eee eee ene eee ete eeeee eas Me (HCOs)>(Gnasnesium bicarbonate) .4-2-c- ees --e ese ee eee eee eee nee Ca(HCO.)si(calciumibi carbonate) 2 aes eee ee eee eee ee eee ee nee eee He (HCOs)s (ferrous bicarbonate) ees sees sess aos eee eee eee eee MniG@HCOs)> ((manganous bicarbonate) ans. 4sse sree eee eee eee ee eee ee eeeee | SHO Chhics) lege naacne se Scat cosacoeMaSeEeEearnusctcdonoperenbonanetanocebossccs MO tal Sa58 bt 25s .a oh nae Sowers Se ee Sle cee SS A ees aSmall amount. ee HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 6.—Boiler House spring. 37 [Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain in cellar of Arlington Hotel. Sample for mineral analysis sis was taken January 9,1901. Temperature on November 13, 1900, was 57.5° C.,and on January 8, 1901, was 58.3° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.10; oxygen, 3.06; carbon dioxide (free), 10.84; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.46; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cont of | Amount of zs tota water used Formula and name. pene e inorganie | for each * |material in| determina- solution. tion. Cr, RSP COUE CH) ie vatarstate ict felciasstaraijatal (en s2 ne cre Siemeeslqeceietsit pe Ate naiein gd aisie @ 44.51 16. 04 8, 000 SOA (Sup himnl elaci dora diGle) sais. cise saree ae te ose ces aise sleaiee 8. 50 38. 06 4, 000 EMO (bicarnonlcaciGiragicle)) 22 38a ise nan scice|oe see oo 163. 50 58. 91 100 INQ (TERETE © CXC LIEK 0 MOE ie Sea eae cee hone eae 3) seul 100 NO, (attrous aerdyradi Cle) ear. 05, Se cere cieias ceils seis oles Sinister isis OOUSE Bserreerere cia 100 BOACMOOSDHOFICacidragiGle) aoc a (Manganous bicarbonate): so... 2222-22 ea Mraces Gasser Ao: EC USN CACPNal CLV ATE CL ALTITUDE IN ED) [eee oer ye ene te ae a am ONT Un . 30 saul Bneragedlcitnisilicate)/ os seen gee es ey eal ohana urh oe all 1.02 .37 Ss (GUIGED as beecBee ESOC STOO OS DIE ee Ce ee ae ei Ben ae canenin 43. 98 15. 85 G6) eee ieee ie Bera Ie ce ECB EE BORE HGCA MeSH TEE Fie ene ie Pear 277. 416 100 4Small amount. 38 {Situated 9, 1901. Temperature on November 14, 1900, was 60.1° C., HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 7.—Iimperial spring (north). on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. a Sample for mineral anaylsis was taken January and on January 8, 1901, was 60.8° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 7.75; oxygen, 2.53; carbon dioxide (free), 7.48; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 31.14; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | | ‘Amount gf tota water use! Formula and name. Eareanel inorganic | for each material in | determina- solution. tion. Gb SiO Fn (UbICED Pareeudacbooscnosdaasas suanoonaannnaase adassondesteeauds 44,59 15. 65 8, 000 SO, (sulphuric acid radicle) ie ae ea ears We deat Re Ss te eeecicieic 7. 92 2.78 | 4, 000 HCO; (bicarboniciaciairadicle) ma. eee eee eee 169. 60 59.53 | 100 NO; ae ACIG:TAGICIE) 2 as emcee tas ee oe eee eS ae 33 oltil 100 NOsa(mitrousjacidradicle eis ssce se Sse eee eee eee 0041". eeassace 100 BO (phosphonicraci dena cle) meee ae eee eee ome gee ere Traces. |< eee eee 2,000 BO (netaboricacidsradicle) messes see ee eee eee . 86 30 | 6, 000 ASO (arseniGacideracicle) ers setae ioe eer nee ee mn een INONE® |seseeoaseeee 3, 000 CiR(CHIOriIne) ES Se ee a See see oe eee cine REE Cee eee 2.50 . 88 800 BEA(DLOMIN C) ys sist ae esos sae See le Ee oe ee a Reece TraCe@ |e acaaseeeee 3, 200 a GOGING) 5 Fo Ses oes Ss ee eS SPO ea ee eres MEEXOSS ||s5055s6sscc0s 3, 200 Ay} Gron ‘andyalumin um) seer eee aceee eee eee eee .30 ply 2, 000 vey (Man sanlese) cece teen oeeoris ee eC EMEC EERE nn keene 18 . 06 2,000 Can(Galeium) ease ase eee ae EE Eee | 47. 23 16.58 | 2,000 Mes(mapn esium)(osste tose: coms see cee were eee ae eee eee | 4.99 1.75 | 2, 000 Ke (POTASSIUM) ISS So ek Ube sae dees see ome ee seh oe See ee eee | 1.70 09 | 4.000 N'A (SOOTUM) Hae Se sec ee io ee eee ee ee eee 4.57 1.61 | 4,000 Ey (UUs ovlbbie) West eat eene sae mionndan SoSenorEesecEeCganoceLostan aes] Trace! il=s seer 4,000 NH4) (ammonium) jose. sees seca ocala een Cero 116 . 04 500 TOA sees reese cee cece eas Ronee eee eS ae Se Oe oe eee 284. 9401 100 = 2a ae eee Total solids Albuminoid ammonia Oxygen required HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. NH,Cl (ammonium chloride) LiCl (lithium chloride) KCl (potassium chloride) NaC) (sodium chloride) KBr (potassium bromide) KI (potassium iodide) Na»SO, (sodium sulphate) MgSO, (magnesium sulphate) NaBOs (sodium metaborate) Cax(PO4)o (calcium phosphate) NaNO; (sodium nitrate) NaNOs cou nitrite) Ca( HCO): Fe( HCO.) Mn(HCOs)o SiO, (silica) Formula and name, Parts per million. Per cent of total inorganic materialin solution. » (Magnesium bicarbonate) Soule bicarbonate) (ferrous bicarbonate) (manganous bicarbonate) 44.59 Bates es: HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 8.—Crystal spring. 39 [Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on November 16, 1900, was 35.2° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 36.2° C.] Gases (number of cubie centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 9.73; oxygen, 4.57; carbon dioxide (free), 13.13; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 32.21; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of Amount of | total water used Formula and name. pertebes inorganic for each * ‘material in determina- solution. tion. | C.C. SiO (GING) adap es SeuSS Rene Sons een ae eS oe een aee ane ps aoe eRe RearrE| 46. 28 15.99 8, 000 Sent lphurickacid radicGle) ie -asessss == =e een ill 7.88 Ql, 4, 000 EX@ Orn DIGALDONIG ACI GeraGdi cle) ies. (Mane ANOUS DICATDONALE)|< <= osc <= 2 oe nle ioeincie Helm clnjs nis sale iciessie oe TLACG See sse eae nee MiSEICIO XAG eral Gas MM a) ees oe ee er yee ee cera eee eae see ce | 85 sil) SEOp, (SULIGE) ese eS ESS Smart ret eee oC oy AR 46. 28 15.99 TIGL The phic oi ies Pe eas acted al eT pM EEN oS, OO 289. 4858 | 100 *Small amount. 40 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 9.—Rector spring. [Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain. 9, 1901. Sample for mineral analysis was taken January Temperature on November 17, 1900, was 61.1° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 62.4° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 7.58; oxygen, 3.02; carbon dioxide (free), 12.82; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.84; hydrogen sulphide, none. Amount of Per cen of x tota water use Formula and name. Pare ee inorganic | for each * |material in| determina- solution. tion. : 7 Cc. yO (bic) WER aaas coos posaoasenacerecasuedaotoaccssdencsauodsed: 44, 91 16. 07 8, 000 SOM(sulphunicracideradicle) eee secre eee eee eee eee eee eee 7.60 Dee, 4, 000 HC Oss (bicarboniciacidimadicle) Mess eee eee eee eeeee eee eee eee | 166.50 59. 58 100 INOs (Haouipa EYONG | TENCHIOIO)) osu asco sous Goan odoosesonsc ease sscoascHal) 09 03 100 INOSu(niltrouslacidsradicle) se-eeeee ae ee eee ee eee eee eeeereeeee | BUS Aeeessenesss 100 POM (phosphorickacidhradicle) ease seat eee ben e-e eee ee eee eee Traces posse cece 2,000 BO ps Gnetaboricacideradi cle) pe aessce setae eee eee ree reece (8) Upc ea ees 3, 000 ASO (arseniciacidiradicle) Sa -eeesere sere eee Ree eee ee eee eeeeee INOS eScadasadsac 3, 000 Cly(Chlorine) es steer ces ceciiedae see eet eee ee eee ete | 2.50 . 90 800 Bri(brOmMIMme) sexs ss acamee ose eeeee eer ate See See oe eee eee UENO Scseseecccc 3, 200 1g (Glole bial) eo snadacscen sas oMeE oo cegameaopeaserasocon aaa seenassnaseaae Tracen eee eeeee 3, 200 ait @rontandlaluminum) eae eee re ee eeee ee ee eee eres essere | 21 08 2,000 Minima gan ese) ence tet cn cinccsoaeciccineteinte Semseeerionck einen cesar oli . 04 2, 000 Caz(Gal ciumny) eee ese Me eiene/ foe tine Nate eta eatae re epee peer 46.18 16.53 2, 000 Mg (magnesium) 4.97 Wee 2, 000 K(POLASSIUM) Fe Sak ee aso tee SNS IS ES ee eee 1.68 . 60 4,000 INA (SOGTUIIA) Sates se cen ietele es eee eee nate ome GTR Ee SRS Se EE eee 4. 64 1.66 4, 000 Tae Fad Vara) estas ee eo ears sp ea Se ea AMENG soscccasss—c 4, 000 INflebe(ChihnYoriboon))pacaccsassossosace sees sso sdocabcccscenooEsagces . 062 - 02 500 Totes) HWA ary PAT RNCEDR ASE Ih eyes SEM Ce aE 379) 4583)| 0) 00 eee eee TotalisOlas ss ceekece = a cincieenae soca sees oe eee Bee EE eee eeEee QOS isis as eee eee 200 AMbuminoidlammoniaeeseseeeeeeee see ee eee nee ene ee eee ee eee ARG ia Benes sooue 500 ORyEEN TEGUITER ees ss See eee ces aise nls Sete eene Mee Sear ere | O00. |e eesaeeoeee 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of tota Formula and name. eae inorganic * |material in solution. NEHA Cli(ammoniumychloride) hese sse- sense ee eee- ence eee eee e eee eeee 0. 184 0.07 LiCl Withiumychloride) i .-\-cecee ct ceece ore acct cee creche sees eeaee aeeee ce enes ABIENORS | eaaocosinbes COM Goya Sion OalkoyaOlS))\ cagocascaeocoussacossoscosuesuesduasdcasnsccosoecdece 3. 20 1,15 NaCl (Sodiumichloride) essere cteeyars cee Soe ee eee COE ee 1.42 -oL KeBrs(potassium bromide) etek ce ee eee See ee ee Oe ee eR nee a ee eee Traces. |S-s5-seaeeee Kel POtaSssium i OGIAe) Meese See SE erase ete ee rer a AMEKODS | -casoschesss NEVO); (Corobhonen sil noeNK>)) Sascosacsasas c cosas sadorndeasodsodedeoonencadadddsacs 11. 25 4,02 INaiBOs (Sodiumumetaborate) ese. ices eer aaa eae eee eee Cee eee ee eee (2). 5 |S ee Cas(RO})s)(Caleiumephosphate)ien se see- oe ee nee eee eee eee eee eee BBE |S secacacccac NaNOz (Sodium'nitrate) tac seeccemcccc sacar eee ee cise aoe eee eee ok . 04 Na NOs: (SodiumMEMIGEITE)s 226 asicisisc sic coe aioe ee eee soe octeie eee eee eee 0024| eee oe eee Nal(ElCO3)n(SOdiumybicanrbonate)) esses ene) a- eee eeeeee eee eee ee Eee eeeeeeeeeeee 1.57 56 Mg(HCO3). (magnesium bicarbonate)...........-.-.....----- TARO CR AAS tao ocS 29. 92 10. 70 CaGHCOs)5i(calciumibicarbonate)r------e eee eeeeeeee eee eee eee ee eeessee 186. 45 66. 67 ALOT (fernicioxide and valumiina) ieee srr sees eee eee eee eee eee eee . 80 ll Wha O)y (GrNEMAYeE AOE HAMANO (O>-GIGIO), o cacasecoosss-sccsaddossssnssseac=deecoane -15 - 05 CaSiOsn(calciumisilicate)/s.2-.--ceeceeeeene etre ete eee Geren ene= a eee eeee .41 .14 RS) O hyn (SUNG) eee oeeGcracaeseaaee aren anmboemacaoncdoosseacn soadoodesacodcad 44,70 15. 98 Totals J 5s hese en sage ee as es ee see OO see eee eee eee ee Renee 279. 676 100 aSmall amount. eee HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 10.—Cave spring. {Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. 41 Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on November 19, 1900, was 57.4° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 57.2° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 7.80; oxygen, 3.13; carbon dioxide (free), 11.95; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 28.35; hydrogen sulphide, none. Percentof | Amount of total water used Formula and name. poe as inorganic | for each ~ |materialin | determina- solution. tion. 03: SiOz (silica) ...... Wale ale alas nicic aie Saisie so sme moe aie ae es close aca isle 44.55 16. 40 8, 000 SOM Sth tn GAC G TagiCle) kacmase ser ccsinaeie clas snes sen esc elecie 7.73 2.85 4,000 EAR Gon (DICALDOMIC ACIGMTAGICGIE) es. cco cl ecicisis = Se cisieiescte se esas 160. 50 59. 09 100 RiGee (HTEEIELACIGNAGICLE) 72. 55 science aise SS <= Siseeie )> (marnesium: bicarbonate) j=2-.22 2-2 sone se noes ete e eee eiee ese 29, 74 10. 93 SACHCO7)5(calcium bicarbonate)! 32523 Sessa Sse Sos woe ss ee eee ee 179.75 66.10 Ao; ferric oxidevandvalumina)) saa. cone soe ee ee eae se eiteicte eel aiet-ieeincelel= . 30 palit MnO; (mangano-manganic oxide) 30 sali CaSiO; (calcium silicate) 2.01 74 SRM MESULICR ie Seat eee Ser cise Smee Cec cieic maven icc eae se mists toner can eer 43.51 16 SU be Parent stator erie See wae GEE Seta mine eee Hise ato u sjense gs cineca oars Salers 271. 9644 100 «Small amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 11.—JLittle Trow spring (north). {Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain and empties into a reservoir. Temperature on January 8, 1901, was 56.8° C.] analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Sample for mineral Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure) .— Nitrogen, 8.31; oxygen, 3.56; carbon dioxide (free), 1.88; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.58; hydrogen sulphide, none. ™ oe Per gent of | Amount ot pe cdr tota water use’ Formula and name. | eee inorganic | for each * |materialin| determina- ) solution. tion. Be (Bo (E SiOo; (Stead) Use se cnet see eeem eek oe Le see eieeno mer een yee eer eee 47.44 17, 24 10, 000 SOW (Sulphuriciacidiradicle) esas ose este eee ee eee 8.28 3.00 , 000 HCO na (bicarbonicacidsradicle) re eeeee eee seen eee eee Eee eee eee 160. 50 58. 35 100 INH (Canina erorrolsenohloNn) oo ssoecud soaueseSesasecodcsooessouens- 18 - 07 100 NOs Guitroustacidéradicle) seseamee sea eae eer eens ae eee SUM Aboossccoss 100 POR (DhoOsphoriGiaciasraGic)e) yess see eae eee ee ee ea ee TraGe.. | Set eae asaeee 2, 000 BO (metaboricacidwadicle) pie sere eee nese eee eee eer eee (®) [2s pera cee 3,500 ASO (arsend CKaclderagdi cle) meee ae see ree eae a eee None:t)| 2 2eeeeeee 3,500 COUN (Cel ol Koa haYs) ee EO ae RIE T UP orien lies a mere ene mM oot e 2.71 99 700 Bri (bromine) Seas sacs Ges Se aa ae Se eee ae eee TrACe|=-— eecereeee 8, 000 IN(GOdINe) Sse e ee Sees Soles Oe cee eee eerie Trace. |222 eee 8, 000 Art (iron andaluminum) et oii getter ete Weare 12 04 4,000 Mini\(mian panese) Fes cere cine meres oe esos Sete pe ae ele eno oS lilt . 04 4, 000 Can(caleiuim’) peed aes ees Sere onal Son eet Renae eee Tee | 43. 84 15. 95 4,000 Mipo- (Mag NESlumMn) eos ocicpecisieeinae sors seein en See eeoe ee Semen is ene | 4.98 1.81 4, 000 Ke (potassium) eS hye pcs Oa sss cels rice see elec eee ne eae 1. 66 . 60 4, 000 Nay (Sodium) 2225 cne ee see ge eee ent ene Rice ahem nee | 5.18 1.88 4,000 A LISN TIN) he sibs eee ee ose tas is eee eee stone TTaces)|. sce Sees 4, 000 NH, (ammonium) . 095 . 03 500 TO tale dase Yer e sie eres Sep ey Nore ee ee Ee Ere eee 275. 0962 100> fl nseeeeeeeeee TSG Fad SOLS sashes fa ee tees ag 011953500, | eee 200 Albumin odlamimoniaeresceeeer es serene sere ee eee err ome nee 049) SS aa2 ae 500 ORY CDiTEGUILE GG cee Sek oie ae aele Oe ee Re oe eee ees | 320 See ee eee 200 | aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. | Een cent of ota Formula and name. eae ae inorganic * |materialin | solution. INE Cli(ammoniumychloride)=2eres- eee eee eee ace eae ee eee ee eeeeer eee neal 0. 282 0.10 LiCU(@ithium* chloride) i. Sts seo oe Seo eee een ree eee eee ee eee eel Traces) |Peassesereee KCl (potassium chloride) 3.16 1.15 NaCli(sodium: chloride) ii eeassssacicasSaecetee cee Oe ee reine eee eee een 1.68 61 KBri(potassiumybromide) ee sssless ss eseeecer Cet eeeeeeae Cee eee Eee Mrace ny |iqaee sees Ke (potassiumModide) 2 fee seb ee ee ee seston Decne ec e ee ee Trace: ,|hsssaseeee ss NaosOqi(sodium"sulphate) soci. seas ores Sere nies secs ea eee eee 12.25 4.45 Na BOs (sodium:emetaborate)s: 62225. 2e so nee Base asec Ce eee eee eee eee (8), Siem. Sees Cas(BOn)ov(cCalciumiphosphalte) eases sees ee eee eee eee ne eee eo eee eae TIAGO Ulisse eee NaNOsi(sodluminitrate); i): ose s22 S52 See coceie eee ts Soe EE See eee 25 - 09 NaN O5 (sodium nitrite) ss: 22 ssc: ssoc shsac acini Se eee pe Cee eee eee eee OS ee oAsossceas Na (HC Os)n(sodiumitbicarnbonate) mess. ee te aes e ee eee eee eee 1.75 - 63 Mz (HCO3)>o((mapnesium bicarbonate) ==. --o.- 42 -eereio ee nee ee eiee eee ase 29. 98 10. 90 Petco’. (calcium bicarbonate) 177.55 64.55 Fe(HCOs3). (ferrous bicarbonate) .38 .14 M n(HCOs)o (mangenous bicarbonate)... 2222 26-2 eee eee eee cree eee .30 13 SLO pH (SUC)? Se eas a solace eee eee et 47,44 17. 25 Total sasec ses Sas eas ee SS ES ons Soe See SE oe ee rns 275. 0738 100 aSmall amount. ’ HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 12.—Little Geyser spring. 43 [Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on November 22, 1900, was 36.2° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 36.2°C. This spring could not be reached, so the temperature was taken about 70 feet from the spring. ] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per-liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 9.83; oxygen, 4.61; carbon dioxide (free), 10.74; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 17.81; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per gent of | Amount of : tota | water used Formula and name. Partie E inorganic | for each * |materialin | determina- solution. tion. CC SiGe (MUNGD) cc ceesadadsedenGnbe ss Snes Snees dee secoes BE eeesccrerenan 32, 52 19. 07 10, 000 SJ uillpininie aerial mag hol) 556852 Hat Ses co ee esas ooceasseenodssusn 6.73 3. 96 4, 000 Tel Os (pein ienblo kero UEKI) AAee eee See e ee coserescs aeeons 93. 90 55. 22 100 oie (REDS COTO! Teo hel) 6 ois oe Sa ee ee Sn oh Bare odereucsanss -18 . 10 100 2h Op (ODES Axor eNO EAS SB Ae Sees See ee sede ee ee cescoeaso cessor BOOOST Reem iaerte 100 erg uoOsphonc acideradicle)s-s- scecis see ce sei ne 13 08 2,000 BOs awelaporic: aciG TAdICle) ess 2 ess a2 eis se ee see ee eine 2) Peel lees esr eis 38, 500 EeSOre (UESCMIGHACIOUPAGICLE) preys cece ers sf eer alerts) yeas INGE | sbosasousse 3, 500 oh (Gnigaine) poe sedecesucnebeeneep Boast oseesoss Oabdescedsee cane 2.43 1.43 700 [eR (ORGITTIAG) <3 poo bacascoscsapRer see Sn eaet Cece sore ceneseoonouraseee ANEKOC Ss Se ceeeseoe 8, 000 LOGGING) - a. np seheubEaeenteB GS Odes oe Seber AON nace Sena sma ser a aaeaee IDEN Washes oonpenas 8, 000 it Gregbciid lurninusi cots ta ee ee kee Th 06 4,000 MVISAN GITPEDTA SA TVCSO) ree secre epee eee yen iee seicinyaiey craic een icte) eis eve mses COTA CEM eee een se cae 9, 000 DS: (GRUGIOM)) seek se sas Lo sesec Sete seosecceccudonees ssn ertocuassers 25. 89 15. 24 4, 000 Lae (Een Got) Sane eee nearenees ese ee One ee 5 De aEE aan nearer 3.18 1.87 4, 000 RIGEE NG ASSEULTAN) Foye eee a iia a Ee si ctes ofernteatciwatelsislek ieieial let leyel Valor 1.31 78 4, 000 Na fsodtum) Bi tae Rite Me cian Boesissereraciseieees Sots wos Eanes 3. 68 2.17, 4, 000 ‘Lp (etd aOR | See yews SE eRe Goede age mAGaEesoceSren NH, (ammonium ) PROVEN es ert see che SERS Te ts ec nn aE oem ies Dee SOREL Ste eee sso imo cielo Naver ico ieie in iieyeteieiieseteerele sist : PRO FETT OTE EPINNTN ON Ee ete ates ise eee eas oe eicie sicie Se eo eee OMA Es aestertrtce eee 500 WESC CHELE UTR Oeste rey roe an Sm nese etete ie he: Jennie Seibeoei erste BAe ves ie metccercis s 200 a Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. | Per cent of 4 total Formula and name. Barts ee inorganic * (material in solution. MIE CU (ammonium yCHlOTLGe)? see oar ease aii cs ere slore ott os ote ons cee eelcie PaGia hight hlOride) ecas a hci a Acree es ne eee he a Ree KCl (potassium chloride) TOC Sey NIN CLL ONTC Charo caesar os Slane ae tea a Se re ES lot eres ee Ue oe KBr (potassium bromide) ... KI (potassium iodide) Na,SO, (sodium sulphate) MgSO, (magnesium sulphate) EOE On (SOCMIMENIELAUDOLELC) mac acis ae at ene Sea aoe en eos cee cieD Same ne ee Caz(PO,). (calcium phosphate) NaNOsz (sodium nitrate) E-BERO oa (SONU UULIYT ERY TED ICE) pee ores soya sie Sie esas sree reins Sete yee ae emia slap ee ea A Mg(HCOs;). (magnesium bicarbonate) Ca(HCO:)s (calcium bicarbonate) EMULE >) i ferrous DICArbON Ate) e555 seers aca Sse sino oe ee esas eee ees Mn(HCO;), (manganous bicarbonate) SiO, (silica) 2Small amount. 170, 0952 44 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 13.—Little Iron spring (south). [Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain and empties into a reservoir. analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature was 56.3° January 8, 1901.] Sample for mineral Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0°C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 7.98; oxygen, 3.31; carbon dioxide (free), 3; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.46; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per cee of Amount o tota water use Formula and name. | Early pee inorganic | for each | ~* |material in determina- | solution. tion. (OG. SK Gyan (SIUC Th ewe omg ee er eer ROU AIS sa RE@ ean no Clay TG 16.40 10, 000 SOM Gulphunigacidtra dicle) peas ssenesee es pean epee eae ae eer 8.35 2.96 4,000 HiCOs:(bicarbonic/aciduradicle) see see op aera seee ee eee ee eee eel ieee OOsOO, 59. 11 100 INOsq(MibrC acrdsradiCle) eee epee ee ee ee eee 18 06 100 NO EMiirousiacidiradicle) See esss aes esse ease eee eee ee 0025 | eerea eee 100 On (phosphor cacidsradicle) pases. tae eer ne ee Trace: || Sasscceeeeee 2,000 BO (Gmetabori crac dara dicle) eases serene eee eee eee ae (8) 2 pollens Seo 3,500 ASO (arseniclacid adic] e) ee saeess seem e see see eeeee aer| WOME anaes teasses , 500 Clu(CHlorine) Bassas sos slate ee oe cee ae ae eee ee eee 2.57 =o 700 Bri(bromine) seat seme react ee ee eras See ee ae eee eee PRT ACCS beans eee 8, 000 WG@odine) ree ee saan see se a a eee rete ae epeete ate eee geen racers | Sesser 8, 000 He (GhRoay EhaveheNbeoToubaypoAA)) oe eos ce ocesnoccsecuSroasoucSsLoLesous mele 04 4,000 Minis (Manan ese) ies Sacco se eee ec ae ate cere ree sisi aa anes eee o2 04 4,000 Cas(Gall Gini) ees cerca see eee Sere eee SEP eer Sey erecta | 46. 22 16. 41 4,000 Mey Glas nes) ae Sos eee aaa sise ee eee eee oe ere eee cee | 4. 93 1.75 4, 000 Ke (DOLASSIUIT ek Sairoseen cee eyaaicjsa sissies se eee eerste aan ae 1. 60 57 4,000 NEY (Cowhipiin)) CoA ec seseeeeasasucssoESs 4. 87 1.73 4, 000 bit (HA TURDNTO)) Ses sob Scan ecoaceGdeneSs TraAGe.s|:a acer 4, 000 NH, (ammonium) 043 - 02 | 500 Total Ae samara see eee nee a a eeme aS cee Cee ee eee 281. 6642 100 ee Sas Total SOS 2cre eee ss asec metas Naas cece enon a te eae ee eee || > 201.5025). a eee 200 Albumin oidlammomniaessee erste. snore eee eee eee eee ercee O17: =|: aoe 500 Oxy PEMITe QUITE dm sea case cee esas eee eee eee eee eee 02D) Dees 200 2 Small amount. ° HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. els cont of tota Formula and name. Parise inorganic * |material in solution. NEV Cl(ammoniumychloride) zaecessseeree sneer be eerac see eee eee eee eee 0. 128 0. 04 TiClidithiumenlorid e) saz s3esc ose kaos ses sae econ eee eae eer eee TRACES |p ee ae K@li(potassiumychilonid e) 522 22s sseasace ems aes oe ame Cee ee ee ne eee 3.05 1.08 Naelx(sodium: Chloride) iss ssa. saan eee ae sae aoe eee nec aoe eee 1.70 . 60 KBr (potassiumiypromide) yee 532 ees. eee ee ae ee ee ee eee an i ee Trace s-|sen ace ese Kal (potassrum ao dide)) eaee Sse seas a ese oo Ore we = ee oe eee ee Traces|=2e 5222 NasSO4i(sodium{ sulphate) mses tage cs seme see a ee sane ees = ee 12.36 4.39 NSB Os (sodiumiumetaborate) ss assess see eee ee ase as eee eee ee (3) Deze ee aoa Cas(PO,)2 (calcium phosphate) PPACE Peers acer NaNOg (sodium nitrate) .......------------- 25 -09 NaNOs: (SOGIMMIENTTI te) 222 Soo aoe at ae nasa nae eee nee es 10018 '|22 Saee seers Nai (ECO) "(Sodium bicarbonate) aeeossee eae nee ae eee eee eee -44 .16 Me (HCO3)s (magnesium bicarbonate) sis = 92 se saee san ee eae eee eee 29. 68 10.55 Ca(HiCO;)si(cal cium bicarbonate) jac 25-26 se eee ane eee oe eee eee 187.19 66. 45 He (COs) 5((Gerrous DiCATLDOD ate) Gae sas ae ane en ee .35 eek Mmni(ECO;)>\Gnanganous bicarbonate) =eass.-25225 sare eee eee ete aoe eee eee -38 13 SiOss (SUCH) css, shiccc sc aees © Soe Sw eee eee we eee eRe oe a ere ete eeeraaereplae | 46.17 16.39 Motal cesta Sakae Lee Pile teks ee yh eater a nr soel aman aaa | 281. 6998 100 aSmall amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 14.—Ral spring. {Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. 1901. 45 Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, Temperature was 60.9° C., November 23, 1900, and 62.8° C., January 8, 1901. Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0°C. and 760 mm.-presstre).— Nitrogen, 7.90; oxygen, 2.81; carbon dioxide (free), 15.32; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.02; hydrogen sulphide, none. Formula and name. Parts per million. SiO (GUINCE)) Sadaacnacoopoce Bae ere SS s Seine Sstowterarsmicisleme lor eisierers eisai SO, (sulphuric acid radicle) HCO; (bicarbonic acid radicle) NO; (nitric acid radicle) NO, (nitrous acid radicle) PO, (phosphoric acid radicle) BOs (metaboric acid radicle) AsO, (arsenic acid radicle) Cl (chlorine) Br (bromine) I (iodine) ue (iron and aluminum) Mn (manganese) Ca (calcium) Mg (magnesium) K (potassium) Na (sodium) Li (lithium) Nh, (ammonium) Teele BOING SG Sb aso CaCO ODER COO SORE E AOne TO BOA Se cee Eireann Albuminold ammonia Oxygen required | 198.00 45.17 7.95 166. 50 Trace. - 00383 Trace. None. 2.36 Trace. Trace. slali 27 46. 21 4.84 1.57 4.98 Trace. . 048 280. 0118 - 010 .175 aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Formula and name. NH,Cl (ammonium chloride) iC] (lithium chloride) KC] (potassium chloride) NaCl (sodium chloride) KBr (potassium bromide) KI (potassium iodide) NasSO, (sodium sulphate) NaBOs, (sodium metaborate) Caz(PO4j2 (calcium phosphate) NaNO; (sodium nitrate) NaNO, (sodium nitrite) Na(HCO:;) (sodium bicarbonate) Mg(HCO;)>. (magnesium bicarbonate) Ca(HCOz)». (calcium bicarbonate) OAK Ferric oxide and alumina) Mn,0; (mangano-manganic oxide) CaSiOz (calcium silicate) SiO, (silica) aSmall amount. Per cent of | Amount of total water used inorganic | for each material in| determina- solution. tion. CHC 16.12 10, 000 2.84 4,000 59. 44 100 Eves lis tsa 100 Pe eee oe 100 ees a ae 2,000 Bert ane aes 3,500 1 eee 3,500 84 700 Br Cesta 8, 000 Brera ene Wane: 8, 000 . 04 4,000 .10 4,000 16.50 4, 000 1.76 4, 000 56 | 4,000 1.78 4, 006 sie Aare eae 4,000 . 02 500 LOO} res sj| Sera mec saae ai heise sans 200 Paynaie ere tte 500 ae eo 200 Per cent of tota Parts per cravays . eae ganic million. material in solution. 0.143 0.05 Mnacele | tease here 2.99 1.07 1.39 50 BVAGes |Gee esses FETA On| Secsiecene 11.76 4,20 (ER) cin alee esest eyes ARYA: Coy eerie ere ‘ITEC en) a seeeersee A OODS |Waseeicecceee 2.26 81 29.14 10.40 186. 65 66. 58 715 .05 -38 -14 501) 518} 44,99 16. 07 100 280, 208 46 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 15.—Big Iron spring. [Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain and empties into a reservoir. Temperature was 63.9° C. on November 24, 1900, and 63.9° C. on analysis was taken January 9, 1901. January 7, 1901.] Sample for mineral Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.80; oxygen, 3.79; carbon dioxide (free), 6.92; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.02; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per cent of | Amount oF tota water use Formula and name. Pere bee inorganic | for each | * |material in| determina- | solution. tion. CG SiOs: (Silica) Sse ce Re wet na eae te Nase ace eis So et eee eee 45, 59 16.00 10, 000 SO, (sulphuric acid radicle)....-......-.- 7.84 2.75 4, 000 HCO; (bicarbonic acid radicle) | 168.10 59. 02 100 NON (Mitr cacidkradi cle) Rasecnase sree eee nee reassess 44 -16 100 INO? (nitrous\acidgradicle) Pees seee=.ces eee eeeeeet eee eereaaeeee SUS occcosssss2- 100 POM (phosphoricaciairadicle) assesses eseee eee eee eee eee eee 05 . 02 8, 000 BO; (Metaboriciacidtradicle)eseeses-seese ere cents eee ee eeeeea see 1,29 45 6, 750 ASO W(arseniciacidaradicle)iseceeeset enna teeter ee cere ete emae INDOEH |[escesccasscc 5, 000 Cli (Chlorine) oss se ees ee Se eee a re eer rele es eS 2.53 89 700 Br (bromine) Hx F3 sae ass cinta eects ee Seema ieisne eee ee Trace | sceeese ee 8, 000 TD (TORTIE) 2S Rs Se eral ree eae oe ea ae ope meee | MUEKAD ecastscoscse 8, 000 LCG AIUO TIN 6) yea rae rer ei oy oesiars ayaa teat rahe ee eS eeSaTOR rere eee INONC sss scee eee 15, 000 xe @roniandialuminuim eee eece- cect e nee ee eee eee eee eee eae .19 07 8, 000 Mni(IMmanganmese))ssseee eeceecie cere e eer eee eee ere cee erates 84 el 4, 000 Bay (barium) pe ssseseose ee aeeeee eens Sie DSc eC Ine ete ee eee Traces eeeasoeee 15, 000 Sri(Stron tiv) ssisss ssa ees sas aces eee nee eee eeaee eee TTACeL a Sasa oe eee 6, 000 (OFM (Coee Ker hb baal) Rape tiene ain a ered pai NCAT ese gM RIT see ta 46. 93 16. 48 4,000 Ms*(MasnesiumM)s sale Ae ee Saas Stee Seem Sane ee ieee ee eee 5.10 1.79 4,000 Ke (potassium) esse js. Sas Seas sad aa See eee oh eee oe eres 1.60 56 4,000 Na (Sod1UmM) Sec ast bei cee Ja stlotioemmteiele elise me eRe C te Ree eee EEe 4.76 1.67 4,000 Mi/(Hthiumn)e. 2 cenisooscon cae seek Nese soe nema Senie eee cree Tracey sees eeeeeeee 4,000 NH, (ammonium)...... FRSA RRO A CORB Re He EGON HEE Se OE tae beneens 040 - 02 500 No) 7H aa ce eA Re Gy MC Nera wt rale ate aera | 284.8016 | LOOK a paceeeeaeese Total Solidsis seek Soe sas Soe ee ae Se eer ee Eee ee | -T98350 | ats esse ees 200 Albuminoid ammonia MUSHY Getescoodcos 500 Oxyseniwrequired ssi .ijn. es cose soos sees see eee een enoeeee LODY phil aaveeeerseee 200 HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Soy of ots ota Formula and name. Bae doe inorganic * |material in solution. NH, Cli(ammoniumich]oride) eeeseesseeesseceaee ei eecer ener eeeert cee renee 0.119 0. 04 RiGl@ithiumychloride) see. 5-he ssc sot eee eee cis caer: Gene eee ECE Tracewa|as feeeeeeere KC (potassium) chlord 6) Becca s-eee ete ae eee ee ee eee eee Eee eee eeee 3.05 1.07 NaGli(Godiumyehlonide) Merec persis ce ee erence eee tinet eee eee Pee eee 1.65 58 Br (potassiumibromid e) ee asssesaee see eee eaten eo SeC Eee eee e eee Eeeoaaee Trace:)||--esa eee Keli (potassiumviiodide rete ssce ce sec man ne ecg ams Soe eies Co ee Ie pee Tracesitsssst eee NapSOv(Sodiumusuliphate) ease eseseacerieee oesee aa eee nen eee eee rere Gates 10. 06 3. 54 MeSO i (nagnesiumysm phate) ieee ase ese sense sence eee eee ee eens 1.30 - 46 STSOa(Strom bigs ul by aywe)) esse ys ese ee | Traces | sees eeee ee BaSO; (bariumisulphate)ye sos sae kk. Skee aes Seree aie CeCe ee Ee eee Tracesn)soceeeeese NaBOs (Sodiumemeta borate) ee aseeaseeee sect eee career eee eee ene eee eee 1.98 . 66 Caz ChOor(Calciumephosphate) seeeessse-seeeeeee se hee eee eco Ee Cee eae | - 08 03 NaNO; (sodium nitrate) 5 j - 60 22 NaNO, (sodium nitrite) 0024 yee Ms CACOs)> (Gnagnéesiumeybi carbonate) ase) -e-eseee seen eee eee ee nese eee 29. 14 10. 23 Ca (HiCOs)s(calciumybicarbonate) eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 189. 95 66. 68 MmniGEiC@>)>5i(manganous bicarbonate)e--= eee sess eee eee eee eee eee 1.09 .38 Weel ferric Oxideland/alumina):<- 42: .¢o.scee se Sateen eee sai 09 SIO STIG ies ces cee Ree oc cts peg a ee ep a ae 45.59 16.01 Totalesuics 5 scat eee ooo ee eee 25 aes eee eee eae ere 284. 8814 100 rs HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 16.—IJmperial spring (south). {Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. 1901. ~I i Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, Temperature on November 26, 1900, was 60.8° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 60,9° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure) .— Nitrogen, 8.39; oxygen, 2.49; carbon dioxide (free), 5.24; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 28.34; hydrogen sulphide, none. ber gent or | Amount et ere tota | water use Formula and name. ete inorganic | for each * Imaterial in) determina- solution. tion. CRC: BSBved (SHIT C I) Preteyaets sie eye otatals clctarainieliein eon ns sas arsioei osicietievisisice asratinteate 43. 88 15. 98 10, 000 SOP Sul pHuUrTICG a ClaeradiCle) Sos. s soci ~ cos bee ee esas wee 7.67 2.79 4,000 EPO DICARDOMICACIGITAGICLE)) scat sae ao seek ee cence Saltese eecieels 163.50 59. 54 100 2 Op EDUERE AGIG ROTO IONS napanees speoae naseouSsqne aeesonasesueHeS 27 10 100 MeErurousa Gl OuragiCle) ess emcee sans Saicceaisoe Sect eieie Secs Seeaiet SOUND ee kaccsauae. 100 Hera pHOSphoOrie acid radicle)z. = tesscnsc see ese e See sw ee cece Dra cers|Eseees aeeeae 2,000 BAPE GIMeh DOr ciaci GuraAGicCle)- !< esac accmess nace ce sle See aeceeee (yaa Pe See | 3, 500 RESOME(ATSCMIGYACI OC TACICIE) 2 eee ec ene ace eee soe eettee INDE. lleasococeseenl| 3, 500 (2) GLIOITG) c ease oer i oe ries eect eee te an ee aa 2.36 . 86 700 EC (RTEEDO) < J eecp Sc nau sus oe eSceReA EAs Gea e Rea Sees ie asta tetas ene INE Ilseeosaguauae 8, 000 GLOLTETE) Jers ios aie eon ce tie ee Sse bee ee cee Mose. See ES AMEVCOs lbbeooocsanee 8, 000 Mth Gironean dala mInUmM ) eee. ayo cesseta = cere eee eee eee emele 09 03 | 4, 000 Mn (manganese) 29 -10 | 4, 000 DE (GEG) 3 63855555 5 a8e ees Sapo RpeceSe a net teeoe on eca a eSe a eariness 45.50 16.58 | 4,000 Mg (magnesium) 4.81 1.75 4,000 A. | EUUGESSNIM)) secede se codenesedocssssp acess Josep sseoudosaoesReE 1.60 58 | 4, 000 2b (SQGRUIIN)- ~ saaese sees ansos sepsosod SanDEe a seee ne ceeeeane erases 4.61 1.68 | 4, 000 wt (UMTS) he 5 oe Steen aS Sa eGos Beene HS Ee See CBE OSS S oR eee saree RIT ACC Hs eet eens | 4, 000 > EL, (Giiinnoniiin) See asteqeebebaecrcc ater eee ea paee etree cece | 028 01 | 500 Tiel 2 2s ee Sa ee ee ee se Ero 7atGosoN ane 100s eee Tain BtIGS Scccsqa gece BS bee Sh Op aE ares eee ae oo eee erea a saan TOE OO e eaetea risa | 200 PAMELA OTE ATTN OMIA =e ole.) 2 oe See eioce toenails anne nies Geiatecee NOTES ERM ieee 500 DES S CHELE PEGE U me cman = sia e ecice wisi ais sie closelenins sisizseiess\sieeiecenes LDO Uti i sateianveeeicsis | 200 s if aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of a total Formula and name. Bare Ree inorganic * imaterial in solution. NH,Cl (ammonium chloride) 0.083. | 0.08 MIeUGithinmechloride) <2... -2)sjsnc sess cies a(SOOUIME I COTDOMAtE)) aes aeemicionic gene celeste eissisiosiee sores eer ! 1.02 LOT Ee GEOO),) ni (Map TICSIUMM DICALDON Ate) <---> oe tmaanasciee = een geeerse see eee aenee 29. 04 10.57 Ca(HCO3), (calcium bicarbonate) ..---.---.----------- +2222 eee eee eee teen eee} 183. 95 66. 95 ALO’ Genrcoxieg ean drama): fee oe te yaseeen cee ea aca ce aicae | mls 05 PMO MIHARL AN O- MAN SAMI CiOXAGE) sor: cia 5-15 == eenltelsje mw =) tas in eee eres | 40 -15 MeO AKC ALEIMMDSINI CALC) eos oes s eas a5 So niele a iaci selec ea ae tete eee ees 23 .08 BTR RCSLT CED ernro soo aere sec ee apolar sialic ele oleis nie bo sissain Wiwiniaie score ciel) sleieisisysieieisiecatencle ese =e 43.76 15. 92 TOSI ¢ Zeige SEES OOS Se aes cape oe SRE ge IN Men asa Ate SERB me iM | 274.7845 100 4aSmuall amount. 48 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 17.—Arsenie spring (north). {Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain, just back of Arlington Hot analysis was taken January 9, 1901. 8, 1901, was 56.4° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 7.82; oxygen, 3.21; carbon dioxide (free), 10.84; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.46; hydrogen sulphide, none. el. | | Benger of ota Formula and name. Fare De inorganic * ‘material in solution. SiO Ghichh) hansen adondcocoooSneersaronodsesAaanadeascnsaeabandoces 45. 67 16. 46 SOM(sulphuriciacidiradicle) pe-erereeeee eee eee eee 8.58 3.08 HCOs (bicarbonicG Acid radicle) pe assesseeae sees ee eee ree 163.50 58. 88 INO x (Mitriclacidiradicle) eeeeessnss see eeeeee seer eee eee eee eee 44. 15 NO, taitrose ACIGITAGICIC) ec eeracerae isc ea eee Seer 30020) 5a Seceaeeee ROM (phosphoricacidwradicle) sess sso eee eee eee eee eee | Traces Ness ceeesees BOM (Metabo ciacicena Gi Cle) mercer ee eae ee eee a). Sie | eee AsO (arseniclacidiragicle)aseesesa eeeee eee eee eee eet eee eee enee | INONG2\|E-eeeeeeenes Cl(Chlorin'e) esa een ssiette ise ee ete oe eee ere sone ees test 2.36 81 Bri( bromine) sas co sassisc sGeces osc tensa se cee age eo ecee ee eee oeinee AMEX dlecocconsscse Ty (WOGINE) Eee Seis ranclote ces ne eo clea esos elec nee er ene Tracers |e seeee eee Air G@ronjandyaluminum)) eeeees ss eee eee eee eeeee eee seers ot) | 03 Mim (ment am SSE) Fee ays foss eeereve rs cteraetateieteisiclelersiertarec teeta erties eet Traces | Seass eee GAA (Galkeniin) eons orenebaacHdsnsaaaucaebads abonbouccuessoesbeucose 45.40 | 16. 36 Mei(marmesium!) soca 2 nee cece Sie nce eee ese aac seeine 4.70 1.69 Ke(potassium) week 5.202 sewers Seca sce Se aa eas aeeiee ere neers 1.88 - 69 Nan (Sodium) asnsces sec os eee nee aoe eee she enero maori 5.12 1.84 (8 ith ium) pesseetsceoe cess eoseecemoscl scissor teeter ee Cree eee Tracey |saeeseeeeree INJEV A (aI ONTUM) Semester iee ciclo celeriac ocieieeieteisee eee eeee eects - 037 OL MO tail Ss acaee acc cis aesicee Seat ee sae SOROS eA OTe eMC eens 277.7790 | 100 Total’solidseessessse. wets eicisbimes aoiseetele sees Ss mane eis ieee ele eee ele 194500\.— |-=e eee Alibuminoidiamm Onl ae -n=-4- sees eee eee een eee eee O12) Sees eeeeeeee OmYLemTequireds oe oe een esa sere ceereren cree omer era rere rerercees ree Rei ee ero csp cco # Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. pa) a Parts per Formula and name. eailliont NEUGl(ammoniumychl Orig) jie ee eeriar-terejeieialnisisieiersievelereist= nisteleieiemiolseeiett terete iG] ((ithium | chloride) yess: essence see eae sees es een arene nee ee eeeee | KG (potassiumichlorl de) possesses = eee ene eee Err eeee eee ear eee ne ree NaG)i(soditumuchi oride) Sues cee eee eee eee eee ne eeee-Ceee eee eeeere KeBri(potassiumybromi de) sa qen see eee eee eee ee eee eee eee ee eee Kl(potassitumiitodide) tie eases. eset eee ae oreecteeee- be nee ee eee Reeeeere NasSOxa(sodium(isul phate) /menceass sneer - eee eee Eee eee eeeeee NaBOs:(sodiummmneta borate) ee css-- eee eee eee eee eee Cem eee eee eee Ca7(2O)s(calciumyphosphate) eas. see eee ee Pee eee tee eee eee ee eee eee NINOsi(Sodlumenitrate)pacsern sec ee eee ee eee eeeee eee. Pee eter ee eeerre NaNOs (Sodiuminitniteytseb ace. peceee ere ge eee eee eesti Rarer ee Sbecer er ereee Na CHCOs)) (sodiumibicambon ate) sees ses seee ene eee ee eee ee eee eee eee eae eee Me(HiC Os) xa@naenesiumib carbonate) aceesees-eeeece eee: eee eee eee eee CaCHCO>)i(caleiumebicarbonate) assesses eee eee eee eee eee eee He (HCO): (erroussbicarbonate) seas .-e ees eae eee ee eee eee eee Mni(HCOs)5 (Mmanzanous bicarbonate) seas-seesee see eeee eee eee Reese eee eee SHO (GHICEN) oo coon occa bocce sasones s Asses ends ou nDddodcODNsORdoOSaDDDUNSSDESS=¢) URGE Wises naatnoncwsqoneserocsOoSSueEsaonenna5 sobnenbee decd aseSscqaeoazesc 277.773 *Small amount. Sample for mineral Temperature on November 28, 1900, was 55.4° C., and on January Amount of water used for each determina- | Actions Per cent of total inorganic material in solution. ee HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 18.—Hitchcock spring. [Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain. 49 Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on November 27, 1900, was 57.3° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 57.8° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 750 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 7.94; oxygen, 2.96; carbon dioxide (free), 12.52; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.46; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount of total water used Formula and name. ore inorganic | for each * |material in| determina- | solution. tion. | ; SDs GSTEGR ec a ere ee ee | 44.74 16.02 10, 000 PUM Sepa UTIC- ACIG-TAGICIC) a. suas oe ose Stee ic se Suewcececccseme 10. 63 3. 80 4, 000 EMBO (DIGALDONIC ACIG TAGICIS) i. 282m 5-2 see cee eee cee mine bee | 162. 00 57.99 100 URE ICHRCTO UTE CICLO) sete see sam sisi ots eS poeta ciepisieieiseeinle 1.55 .59 100 WOs(nairous acid radicle)). 23.0.2. 2225. ss. TOOTG mPa seee tenes 100 PO, (phosphoric acid radicle) HIRT C Copley pee patel sete 2, 000 Ga uC DORI CIACIGTAdICLE) s. css h ec sieet crrs ees ct is seatclelstels (Gee mIRRE Sees ee rs: 3,500 PeSOle ESE MICA CIO UrAGICIE) sas ee es pence ees tocie Seisteiwisle nie wien | IN@MOs3|Sscacnageene 8, 500 PERCE OEE C) presi tess aac cet eo Sa ei ig ere ES eae nein 2.57 moZ 700 ES PRSECITINTC) Breet Waar tee ats crane na aera ee ai craton s Senne MTrAaces|Naceese sess 8, 000 L CIOGITIGAY: Sb tess erage ar Sa ea ee PTA Cea | SA easce 8, 000 Ayton POLLEN ITN) ps eeiaeeitjs wets oe Saeco cee Oisosesaeecesee .09 03 4, 000 MPUEIE UTE OTR CSE) i . (IerlOUS, DICALDONALE), lene scorer feces sae eee neice eine Se soaetene. 29 10 WEP CO)5 (manranous bicarbonate) <<. ckns cc. csSac Swe ke cenioeeou ce csectnecs RT ACCs | Naeaaoseeee SE he (SUED SB esi SSE aa area ee So ea ee eee ae rate ete ae tee eres one Oa a ea 44,74 16.01 DGUEM EELS Bet Ee ORB CORD SSE ie EME es Rane ree, ol ns UR iE 279. 4314 | 100 aSmall amount, S 0te Be 5O HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 19.—Sumpter spring. [Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain under wall of a reservoi analysis was taken January 9, 1901. r. Sample for mineral Temperature on December 1, 1900, was 56.49 C., and on January 8, 1901, was 56.19 C. This spring could not be reached, so the temperature was taken about 20 feet from the spring. ] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.20; oxygen, 3.25; carbon dioxide (free), 16.44; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 28.90; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount ve tota water use Formula and name. Paneer inorganic | for each * |material in| determina- solution. tion. CRG; SiOs (SIGH) Fass Sa se - Deese aise = bee 2 = BE ee eee eee ase eeeeeee 44.35 16.30 10, 000 SOmGulphuricacidiradicle) Pessas sss seeee re eee eee eee eee eeeeeree 8.75 3.21 4,000 HCO>s(bicarboniciacidsradicle)s=s=" has ase eee renee eee eee eee 159. 00 58. 45 100 NO? (nitricacidinadicle) Seseaen seco esses ee eee eee eee ener eeee 1.33 .49 100 NOB (Mitrousfacidsradi cl ©) eeeer seen eee eee eee ee eee eeeeeeee 00:08) S2eee== eee 100 ROR (phosphoriciacid radicle) eats - 5-2-2 ee eee ee ase eee eeoee eee AMEN \locece socces- 2,000 BOs (metaboriciacidiradicle) a eses ses eee ee eee ee eee sees (Cae Besancdddcce 3,500 ASO a (arseniciacideradicle) sae-eeeese eee eee ee eee E Eee eee ee None-f|Secceseeeeee 3, 500 GINCCHTOLIM ere Ake BS ah ets eS Reto rete Se EEE ee Ee 2.57 . 94 700 Bra (bromine) Sey ae eee oie an ciara erate re eren eee eerie Traces sae eeeeee 8, 000 IL GOS bWONS) 3 ceo ssocsasssonboscasesauassusoas coasoansquascgaseaceos AEXES, llasosscosssc = 8, 000 Apron andsalumim um) Sees se eee eee eee eee eee - 09 - 03 | 4,000 Mins (MUN SAN ESE) es pe ee ee eee oe eee eee eee eee | TTACe nae eee eee 9, 000 Can (calcium) Hn rae eee aca soso Oe nie ae See ee OE eer eee 44.72 | 16. 43 4,000 DMeg4 (Magnesium))- <5 Sashes eae 2 a oaeee ene Oe eee on eee 4.71 1.77 4,000 Ra (CPOtASSIUMM) at carter Bae cose a eae ee ee eee ee eee 2.00 . 70 4,000 INGE (SOT) Ske eases ers one oie eee ae or ee Re eee 4,58 1.68 4,000 Ta @ithium) esse aoe eine ee oetae eee cin ooo meeeee SU REA Saas Trace: \.52--eeeeese 4, 000 NE2 (ammonium) 2S 5-2 tes-e sateen ee each eae eee oer eee eee Pil) be eoscacacac 500 Mota eee ces sees aie Se ads Ste ye ee Eee eee 272.1120 | 100) S| eee ae Totalsolidse ce jersey Pie Sees Soe Sener Eee Eee ene 1 92s 5008 VPs ae eeeeee 200 Albuminoid ammonia | NON CS Pe eee ereee 500 ORYE CM TEQuITed (manganousibicarbonate)-os-s--se2 eee eee eee eee ee eeEe eee Trace: |S-sesseeeere SiQs (Siliea) e555. n6 8% os jujocn ae sesgecs vs oh cee ace ae ee see yee eee eae Ceara | 44.35 16.32 271.7045 | 100 Totals sso he ee oe Se Sse eee eee | aSmall amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 20.—Superior spring (north). [Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, 1901. Temperature on December 3, 1900, was 46.3° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 44.5° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure) .— Nitrogen, 8.97; oxygen, 3.75; carbon dioxide (free). 13.58; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 21.68; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per gent of | Amount of : tota water used Formula and name. ees inorganic | for each * |materialin| determina- solution. tion. (OO, S80 y (SUR@D) casdadodten dasteee Ses SS0RRe SR san en BTS Sea sBSessomeen ape 39. 90 17.27 10, 000 Bea(salphuxiciacideradicle) =... 2-5 -s-e - enemies = 7.31 3.16 4, 000 HCO; (bicarbonic acid radicle) 133. 20 57. 66 100 RO ECEMEEIG: 2 CIOSTACIC] jee mat ecls socs isi elcle(eieeicjaein eae since | ceil | 13 100 Rea (MAtOUSTA ClO ora GIGle) 2%) cases wlsteisio ci ieee anes cee seme | O01 OM | essere 100 ROB UOSPHOricaCid radiCle) 2 -o..enmiac s eccesces-mjeeoee cls sl 13 . 06 2, 000 EM aC HA OLIC aClaeradiGle) oe 9.59 5 ene micieinieieeeee ccc sk eae (yee Peete eemece 3, 500 ESOP (ESCH CHACIOeTACIGLE) enn se ams ee sisie cele sone deme meeeaeics eee | IN@WKES, |/sos4s8eenuc 3, 500 cu (GH@HIEGO)) Sse 5S 00 ne See een ato eee Sea ee eae eee een eee ee | 2.43 1.05 700 BISA DEOWIMHG) pe see eee nats en ine lates Sepae oeineista ie icle everett see wie sense cele ANEKOOS Sab scesocsan 8, 000 = IDTRTG) ons scone gosdea Sp yoespB Bees uso seosee dpeca SSS oeHeBnenEEone AUEXGSs |lbosscodesone 8, 000 Ae CiTOneaN eal UMIN WIN) = sees eesti se Nyse ese seis Saeco 09 04 4, 000 Mn (manganese) pala 05 | 4, 000 Ca (calcium) -...-...-.- 37.43 16. 20 4, 000 Mg (magnesium) 4, 23 1.83 4,000 i | DOESN)» sees ope och qenoses sobs acods suo Seor aon SSeeepeBsans 1.47 64 4, 000 Mata SGGLEUETIN eyecare = hoa Soe tares~ dss ala) -\n/s steels Se oieieeisinne sete oaceee 4.40 1.90 4, 000 MTMALETGITURITIN) Woe see eres erereys ote cre te eines oun cleo tietd wacom se ciesld INENOCs | lsasoscesdoos 4, 000 2 2k (Gi O sin) 6 oe eke Skceassoncoesspe RonSACaUoneoAeaanS Saases 018 sil 500 PUEC) Gen Lerner estate tates Stole ns ie aac iotn isteicidscistele ancie acatuics MM Sinise 231.0240 MOOR deol ee eeeerrs < aE RISO MOSH mere nce toeite sacs es sincincism Owens ae awe sine ci GSTS O Gh Wen cysete cia 200 POPES ENEENTTI Oe aVUNTN OW tier 2s es ore epee eect ei Uist waynes seiaree vane IN@OGs lesekseousaes 500 BERy CIBC CHUNG Oprereter seer cates ar eiseyelclsicie, sts cteleicieiaistarbioreiciecrnieioaeieine OOM Gaeta MTS 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of tota Formula and name. nee ae inorganic * |materialin solution. ARE ON (GINO CHL OTIGE) eee sere at eo petals ise me ee ee eee eee seme 0. 039 0. 02 Ln (Usa yer sn ein ein tee) pela ee ee oe ee ee See aE ee Ee RSKae aan ALTA Cision rere eras Hoe MI HOLASSHUMNNC NOTICE) Pace seis eerste a leone Senne eis peeie a eee seca 2.80 1.21 BELO (SodeMnch OTIGES xo a2 as eseiee see atic e cine et ones oe Sei oe GEE Geeta See 1.76 e140 RAE AGU OEISSUIM RS COMIICLE) pass ices Sone on sey en ee ee eae e alguie ee eee Mt! MraGew|eescaassscne SIEGE BO LASSEITTIBIOUNICLC) eryser eee eis Sar ae ee oe eee eee eee ee niomers racers |iae cash ease Me Ore (SOG SUID Nate) pects a neme oe ook eet eien ee aoe He eee a eset 10. 82 4.68 its OA (SOUELTMEIN Ee LA DOLATE) 5 cease mise ue eae ee eens see cae ie anemia (Oi abesanganss PTE Or (calcium: phosphate). tase ce sac cee eee a eee eee eee oe ee ences geal 09 2a Op, (GCs sini TREN), Goda esaneEoSeeaeNA Sb ase oe a enteer Oaaer Sema aaaeeess ee 42 18 PEON Om USOC EMTS INL GUILE) ectemicnien secon aoe? Clee eps Seo wee San see ee gaee NOOLS Seem eaernese MAGHEeG:). (sodium: bicarbonate) 25.2225. alesse esac neces nea celpauie oe ee .33 14 MrtECO,)> (magnesium bicarbonate). 2.22222. .2 5 ---cc cess connec orceee soe 25.47 11.01 PIG Os) (Calcium picarpONAte) eae prec e ee eee eiee sess tase oe coe eects 148. 35 64,12 ALLO, Gernicroxide an dba a) sae ences aes ee eae eee ee eee @1l8} 05 Mint (AN SAN OMA SAIC OXI) 52-2 4- eee eee as eee se seein seen eee .15 .06 SSO ACE PICHIA CII CALC) see ae eman eee eee an ane eae seein oe eo eae oe eee ee 2.10 91 Gy (SUINERT | ce StS essere ee Scie ce oe See ea ae RP I aero cee 38.79 16.77 EGTIGN BS aah ee See ce ca ee ee ee eS ae 231.3705 100 @Small amount. 52 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 21.—Alum spring. [Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain atside of Central avenue. sis was taken January 9, 1901. was 46° C.] Sample for mineralanaly- Temperature on December 4, 1900, was 43.3° C., and on January 8,1901, Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.57; oxygen, 3.55; carbon dioxide (free), 13.08; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.58; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per age of | Amount of 33 _ tota. water used Formula and name. Eanes dx” | inorganie | foreach — * |materialin | determina- solution. tion. Os (oe FTL OPE (SIU GWG i sm ras See ee el Ae eg ayaa NE sh MV es 45. 56 16. 22 10, 000 SOm(Gulphuriclacidiradicle) mess ere eee ee 7.95 2.83 4,000 HC Ox (bicarbonieacidsradiChe)\ ssa uetne see ere eee eee eae 166. 50 59. 27 100 INO}; (GablinaKe ExerolieNohOlWe)) (epson scene oopesonSe ceseaSoncecosuasosoes Trace |e eee ees 100 INOst(mutrouUsiaCldsraGdiGle) ee se cece ee eee eae epee ~0013:|-28h¢eeseree 100 ROMGphoOsphoric acideradiCle) peeesee ae eee ee oe eee Tracey Saas eee 2, 000 BOs (MmetaboricacidMadicle) mee ao se comer ae eee eee ae (3) 22-0 | eters 3,500 AsO, (arsenic acid radicle) INONGH eases eee 3, 500 CMGeh] Onin ire 52 eae cee et eens eee Ne ee ele ake eee 2.57 a2, 700 Mayan (OKO aMNNAXe) ee eee Ne eb aC ee he ae tn Ne ie ce cat [RTA CC | eaeee eee 8, 000 JGlorsbhaYS) se otis Se ose oa anecnnbeesesers sesaan sano esos pAbondbabade Trace. |... --- 22-2 -= 8, 000 ait Grontand sail nim) See ee see eee ae me ener 09 03 4, 000 Mni (manganese)! a2 ais 2 soe ono ae Sea eee ee eee cell . OF 4,000 Cah (Call Chui) Seis Se OE es an ieee eee 45.97 | 16.37 4, 000 Mig (Oa STVeSTUM) yi ae Bae eee ae eee eee Rosen eee ease 4.84 1.72 4, 000 KEi(POLASSIUIN) Sass esen ee sceeee eons eee eae Sea e eee eae | 1.65 _ .09 4, 000 ING: (SOCTIIM) Etea arate e ne Rebates ake 2 Sem ee eae aer amis a aeeree 5. 59 1.99 4, 000 RGM hi AebyvbIeh eee el aa ease ee he eater meee Nate hia as ee a DTrace: Petes seeess 4, 000 NUE: (ammonium) fees See eee passin secre os eee ae ee ee oe . 069 02 500 ARO Gall SES e reese are ee ete Ie en en api a nner 280. 9003 100 |. saeeeeeeees Motal solids soe ory oe. hae pane nme ate eee 50100 a ae 200 7Moyonrniaor sles toy sooo ohacaecconsnaacodss nude ssacccusesscooses BU ees ies hemes ode 500 OXY SEN TECUINEM tees kets soe eee eae ee sans eee EMO alee ace ere 200 2 Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cont of tota Formula and name. Early oe inorganic * |material in solution. NEL, Cli Cam OT TMC Hall OT LC) aye ea es ae ee re eee 0. 205 0.07 LiCli(ithtum: chloride) i225 -eeee-2 Sefer eee ee ee ae eee TRACES asses e eee KGCl-(potassiumyeh! orld e) asc see le en oe eee ee eee eee peel 3.15 1.12 NAC] (Sodium'e Chl Ori de) pessoas a ae ee ea eee ee 1.53 | .55 KGB rex DO TASSUUL AIOE OTT GC) es aac re ee ar ere te ear ete Trace |e asaseseer Kel. (POtASSIMMELOMI Me) hae eee = Se ist ee ee ee ee Tracey eeneesscees INaosOn(sodiumysuilphate) ieee. - eae ener ees eer er eee eee | iL, #17 4.18 INaiB O35) (Sodimmim eta borate) ie ae eee ote ye eee eee ae ete ee (2) eae sanys odes Caz (RO})si(calciumsphosphate) a 2a- sea. =n eee eee eee eee Tracey |eeaceeooese = INSIN.Os\(Soditumbmitrate) Mees eee cece eee ea nt oe eee eee eee BBEKOE, Weenosccocess NaN Os (Sod lumeniirite) Rees ee Soe s Se een ee 1002: sae Nai (HC O3):(Sodium:' bicarbonate). 5.20 e seen eee a eee eee eee eae 4,27 152 Me (ECO) osGmacnesinmabicarbOmMailte) sea. sass. = one eee ae ee 29.14 | 10.37 CaGHiCOs)>i(calciumiybiGarbonate) = sees == sees ee eee ee eee ee 184,71 | 65. 70 Azo: (ferric Oxide andraluming) ees. .8 cree see eee eee ea eee eee oil} - 05 Mm.O;) (Mangan o-=maneanic Ox de) noses aoe ne ee ee ne 15 05 CasiO3 (calciumusilicate); sos ssa. seme eee eee eee eae eee 1.05 2387 SiOs:(SUiGa) Bee eo see see ware ciel cln a win at cree ee es Se tetera ree 45. 02 16. 00 Total Ss 252.2 Mest coo CRE SE hc Se Se Tee ee ere ees 281, 127 100 l aSmall amount. a aa HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 22.—Superior spring (south). [Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. 1901. 58 Sample for mineral analysis was taken January 9, Temperature on December 5, 1900, was 57.19 C., and on January 8, 1901, was 56.5° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.49; oxygen, 3.04; carbon dioxide (free), 9.15; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.47; hydrogen sulphide, none. aSmall amount, Per cent of | Amount of tota water use Formula and name. Bare ber tmorganic | for each * |material in) determina- solution. tion. : Ges Sion (SED) Sesbesad dabdos ese SSB See E a SE Seen aS Seer eens Saeeses 44.79 16.39 10, 000 SOSH pHUrCaCIG TadiGle)s. seasaa3 es oases sees n ees bec e ei 8.03 2.94 4, 000 EM n (HICH DONI Cacia rad iCle) sso sane: cacao selena 162 59. 26 100 PEMP MOU TTI GlaCra!PACICLE) ie tein > See ciara nace ace swaieepingasse BTA Ces |Naolay mete oe 100 MUO a UOUS ACI CTAGIClO) = 5 ge semi asie cn ane Se atisen See wine a eieciee sUOSS) | baeeaooseane 100 EMA PHOSPhOric acid wadicle) ss cee assess <= ee se sieinos se se ee BUENOS seeocooussde 2, 000 HO IMeLaDOLiGacidsradiCle)): = sa. o ose soe Sais acs a Salsee cee (5) (ate ig ese pecs 3, 500 ROSMEHESEH I C/LCl eT AG CLE) Samm gases asin Saele ats els Se osseie eee ome NOMS HE coassoneees 3, 500 (L ( GINO) Sse eee basce se ocea ese cae eases Sao sennaeeerceenss 2.43 89 700 55 (mi nin@)). oS Seen See) aaa ese reese anor ean Cason eS aaaeece rr eeee IDEXOGE SScse5ccasee 8,000 MRECICLITAC® Se toa sas oe oo cranes (Magnesium: bicarbonate)2: 5222222 - 6. sce ccc eee cee sos eueee aaa: 28. 66 10. 47 CAG Oyo (CALCIUM DIGALDONALE) ssns2e cae aa acs eae: aeciee cone e one eine nee 181.56 66. 42 EPEC Oy ULCIEOUSIDICALUONALE)) 2 sesn2 5 ae eh eee ee ee one eee cise cen ees cone 29 16 WintGELCO)> | (Mane anoOus DICALDONALE)) 0-2-2 -e cee ee ee enero on Sete c oben ocdeee 58 21 SID, (GILG) eee baS sae ceOr ODES EOE aes Saar ee ee eee eee tera is lel abana eee 44,79 16.37 ERG Cer repeat eee sis tte oat ate oa aa aia is SRS CLES SEs eine ae 273. 3223 100 54 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 23.—Twin spring (north). [Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain in the roadway. taken January 9, 1901, Temperature on December 6, 1900, was 62.° C., 62.4° C.] Sample for mineral analysis was and on January 8, 1901, was Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.36; oxygen, 2.68; carbon dioxide (free), 10.84; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 31.14; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per cent of | ; Amount of iets tota water use Formula and name. | Fare pe inorganic for each | * |materialin |) determina- | solution. tion. % Ti hee | | Che SiO (Ciilbieh Dam acts Sateen arin Mun hha Seiten hyena ca gm crn aia Obata ae 46. 25 16. 22 10, 000 SO, (sulphuric acid radicle) 7.97 2. 80 4,000 HCOs (bicarbonie acid radicle) 169. 60° 59. 48 100 IN@3i(niltri cacidiradicle) Ramesses eee ene ene ee eee eee eee TAC eee eeeeee 100 INO (Mitrousiacideradi cle) Bae saseeee: Sess sees eee eee eee eee eres SOO eee socecce 100 RON (phosphoricactasradicle)yeees=- eee eee eee eee eee eeeeeee Traces |-ereeeaeeeee 2,000 BOs (metaboriciacideradicle) kerr setae eee eee een eee eee eee (@) 2 lee eee 3, 500 ASO A(arsenicacidsradi cle) ea ss=a seer eeren ee ea ereee eee eee eee WOBEs |ecaccscccsse 3, 500 Clu(Ghlorine zai sn os see Saye Se ies tae en cise nie eee 2.43 .85 700 IBS (EOAELLIG) Ge se eke ee a a a || | Traces| eae 8,000 I Globus) aad an esos eesha ps perechE cosas Honpon SUS cK ASlEneaseRss poses ABENECs Yocascoss5dec 8, 000 ri \ G@rongam yal cmt) ei aes eyes ere eye eerste ere ee 09 08 4,000 Mint (MAN SAMESE) pases cree Baas oe ee ee roe et eee ania eee 16 . 06 4, 000 Gay (Galeria) jhe Boos CA eis oie ae ae te yet ae ee 46.92 16. 46 4, 000 Migs (ma PMS Timm!) Borg ee ey ee re eet ees We ever eae tenin gare aeys 4, 82 1.69 | 4, 000 Kel (pOtassiumM)'Ssaiwoass ase e eee ce Oe eee ae ee eee eee 1.74 61 4, 000 INavi(SoGiuMa) ieee: Siege ee ae Bat eens oe See Slee mine eee eee 5.11 so 4,000 A (LUG TUN) es So Sie casi Uae A SEE Se oe eee ee See ee ene AUEOSS |lssccocadsse- 4, 000 NBG (ammonium) jsrscsssace ce pace eee etek Saae ne seeeee en saae 032 OL 500 UNO CH ete Se aan uC ese Sucae eso aaeneOR ea oon eb aboreaaaS 285. 1230 LOO) | it ese otal solid suena ae eigsis Rees eas Ee SINS eee te eS Seer te on 200: 2 i Peseta 200 INoybooavbexos (el PhaawaNoVeWtAy cos peGooaeanuodbodeboagocdooadodseocasnoos 2001 |e eee see 500 Oxy Pen TEquUITed es saw ose See ase ee ene nece eee Ene eG bee eaoee 200 il Sas eee 200 aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of tota. Formula and name. eae ee inorganic * \material in | solution. NE Cli(ammoniumichloride) se .ss2seen setae eeeesoece cece eaeseee eee ee ber eres 0.095 0.03 LiCl Githiumeychlonide)l jss2. es asses se ee csecaie cece ce acne oe eee eee TraGess|caseeseeneer KCl Gpotassiummehloride) ies eerecc sae eae tee eee ee ee ae eae ee Eee S182 1.16 NaCl (sodium chilonde))e-e-oscene- eee eee eee eee eee nee eeeeneseaeenee 1.30 - 46 KBr (potassiumybromide))\s. 3. 222. Soe ee aes eee ee eee Peete ee ene eee TYACe.s| 52 seasons Ki (potassium iodide) 26.2.0. 28 5) scor. Saas See ee ene eee one Meee oar Traces. |e eee NassOz(SOdiumysul phate) rene. sane ee eaaee oe eee ee ree eaten ceeneeeeaeace 11.79 4.13 NaBOs(sodiumimetaborate)\s 22 52 eae soceieeae soe eee eee eae Seer (3), ¢) Jace eee Can(RO2)oi(calciumiphosphate) a seeese eee cere ee eaten eee seca Trace. |S. 22seeeeee NaN @3:(Sodiuminitrate) e229. 52 sc casos Sen ose oc eee ene ae ee cane eee nae Traces ||s==seeeeeer NaN@s\(Sodium mitnite))2 ayo2es se)ee haere occ Cae e eerie aoe ee eee ee eee eeeeeee J0O0LD) |: seeeeseeeee Na (HC O3)-(Sodiumibicarbonate) | ss 55- ees eeeee eee Cee eee eee SSeeree 2. 84 9 Me (HCO:)>i(@magnesiumibicarbonate) meeses-e eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 29.02 10.18 Ca(HCOs)si (caleiumybicarbonaite)eaee-ceeeeeseee oo eee eee eee eee eee eeeeee 190. 03 66. 63 MmniGiCO3)>\ Qnanganousibicarbonate) ms. -e-eeeseeeae- eee eee eee eee .33 -12 ALLO. }(ferric oxideandialumina))..-t2le setae. sees seeeeee eee eee 13 05 IM DoedO)r (Cae avegMAVO MPMI OPI) agussosasaccessanssascaonsqeccoostosoosscece - 08 03 SIOg (SU Ca) Ss ksh ee asa eee ees oe gee ee eee Creer eee eee eee 46, 25 16. 22 BRON ee Agana JU caaeOROa ae nosAEe boa boe saonedoaapBacooe soar anesboodesas 285. 1865 100 2Small amount. — oe HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS No. 24.—Twin spring (south). / 55 {Situated on side of Hot Springs Mountain at side of road. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Temperature on December 7, 1900, was 62.3° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 60.3° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 8.03; oxygen, 3.19; carbon dioxide (free), 4.12; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 31.14; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cont of| Amount of tota water used Formula and name. Ear Nee inorganic | for each * | material in| determina- solution. tion. OG: S20)p (UTD) Ss Se See ee Ae eet ee oan pei a een 46. 85 16. 44 8, 000 SUSE EUT Cra. C1OLTAGICle) ae sya eee kee cee Some nan os asa 7.81 2.74 4,000 ECO bicanbonicacidiradicle) ayseeoe =. seee ee sn ease eee 168. 80 59. 25 100 SON (TETIemaCIG TAGICIE) == 2 eee ones os ecm oes wise eeiseeeeeees OMG: Saaeouanwese 100 MOM (CHUTEOUSIACIG TadiCle)aeccoscce sessed cha scmecl aebensae sees ROO08S| Kees sees ee 100 SEGre(DhospHOLric/ acid TAGICIE) ss. eee een eee eenise se Snes DTA CO ss ee eeyn ce 2, 000 EO MH CtADOLICACIG TAGICIC) ics snc. sage ne lees feces ce oe (Ge) aie ates nen cee a a 3, 000 PecOha (arses cid TAdICle) sac cee eater mens cee eee eee eres INOD CY asaheesecieee 3, 000 MIMICCRNOLING pee ce cece miceeeecic Ses e tac: =o eee Kae a eee saeee| 2. 83 oi) 600 EFAQOLOMUING memes sere eis sarees eo hat ornate ee ee cece ee MT ACCS | Saeerserresees 5, 400 LOGINS) nS ade Seem eaten See meee scree sur rane tea te Beane eee aa | AUEMOEY Nie socasaasee 5, 400 no ‘\ Gronkan alan in WM) eer ese eee ee suse eet sae eee eel 677) 08 7, 500 Whig (CFA PATI CSC) ae oe eyes asap eis eae cto isle eee wise seicieine sisal .15 .05 7,500 RGEC Ged! CHURIUN eee eee eieinse sees lei eisietiecs ice eae esis Se al Ne 46.75 16. 41 2,000 Bibh (CHROGTOCITITN 3 oe ener d CoS CA Oe SEE Ae ote a tae eae eee tS | 4,92 1.73 2, 000 ES ((P@UESSHITITN | Se cease Sees Hanae eee SEE eee coerce aerate Epes | 1.74 61 4, 000 Bete (SOCEIUTTID eee ere ste aes cian toe oeiciie = scisec eee ew caisison eee’ 4.78 1.69 4, 000 PRU CLIGEDITITIN ese ete os eee eee se Non ecie es Saws eas eS ees al IUENGES Ses5ccesbeen 4, 000 Asi Teer (AEITATO TINIAN) | sre ee a ee lesterol Bele oie clsa- el . 085 01 500 BARC) Gaul nn a ef eg ae i a in SE ee int hei eiete te 284. 8858 MOOV Se AR cemeteries LOUD SUG Kade ease caesettade che ASS Sa SOCR ER ae aC oe EE eoneE ene aaee 224 SOOM el Beene ere 200 PAM EIN Gea OMIA eee Saks sales ioe = a ects tame Sonics oem tee ae | OOD: all Seance ees 500 Oscyoenereguived asses ns fase ce ans ace gate cine eee sete ce mses | MOL ail Pierers erie ters 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. | Per cent of tota Formula and name. Harts Bee inorganic * |materialin solution. Ee Ia (CEI OFLU ING Hl OLIG © Pree ees ote Satis se Se oe eee 0. 104 0.04 Lar! (niteniiern (ai Oia) Cee ye ae eee et ek Ai eae Le A a ee eee Ree EEOU(potassnimnCHlOTid @) eames ane ie ee. iia cee reefer ne tem Se ep epee eee altace NaCl (sodium chloride)..........-.. RES Fas (EO LASS UNTIL OMNI CLE) eens eal tet eee oo oe a SIN CC Rg ae hae Oe PAE DOLASSHUTHSTOCIG EG) eee eee mee neste a uae pop Ol apes ay aah alas BN HD BEES Oa SOmuM sill pate) eam sesame se ens eee aa ae Aner iscen see ie mee ae sees NaBO, (sodium metaborate) .-....--- Caz(POx)s (calcium phosphate) EDO at (SOGTUTOSOTALC) ornare ne mite ere stoic a Sa ee ie ee ee aaa ASRS ROO (SOCUTINTLTILE) ene et see yee pas setae aol cease eee ee cise tale - 00 NACH CO?) i(sodiumubicarbonate)|-2-c----- wee 22 meee ee oleae sce aes =e 95 83 MaCHEO>) 5 Gaon esitimyDICALDONALC) ~seresae nae nace een cine ce eee tee als | 29.62 10. 39 C2AGHEO,)> (Calcium bicarbonate) sae- pesos een eee eee eee ena ae aye | 189.84 66.47 HGH @O) >) 91 (LCLLOUSI DICHTDONALE) perma: eeeee= ae ae eee eee sisiei|| 70 . 24 MHC COs) 5 (Mmaneanous|bicarbOnate)): 222-2 522 2-2 oe eos = seein as = 48 alti, SOs, (GUVE) \ocedconceaseadsacuee ced can EES SHEE Ee SAS BEB Boe tab SaEeSHcodsecdnen sacar se 46. 85 16. 45 SOT EE Lea, BE ae reg SR a aes TE eer nea eae 284, 8752 100 2Small amount. C1 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 25.—Old Hale spring. [Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain, under Hale bath house. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19,1901. Temperature on December 10, 1900, was 62.7° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 62.9° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.72; oxygen, 3.01; carbon dioxide (free), 9.72; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 31.14; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount of total water used Formula and name. Haniemen inorganic | for each * |materialin} determina- solution. tion. ; GxG: Sis i(Silica))- Sse Seca ae cco ecateem ence cise ees eee eee eeee 47.31 16.72 8, 000 SO,\(sulphuric/acid radicle)- -- -- - 0. 2 nee eo ee eee 7.80 2.76 4, 000 HCO; (bicarboniclacidiradicle) eases see ae nee eae ee eee 166. 50 58. 87 100 NOs: (iitriclacidsradicle) i aeeesecsec sae eee ee eee eee aes AMEN enossecocncs 100 INO: (Mitrousiacidsradi cle) st Saeeea sen eee eee eee eee eee 00075|2 25 -eeeeeee 100 BOs (phosphoriciacid adic] e) Saseeescen eee eee eee ee eee ee | Tracey asses eee 2,000 BOs (metaboriciacidmradicle) pee ssses- ese eee eee eee ree eee (8) 0A Saar sae 3, 000 ASO (arseniciacidsradi cle) Pesesceece=—-r etre eee eeeeee nee WOES |Esosdactcoc- 3, 000 Cli(CHIOTINe) Po ssesiee ce eeaci nice esse eee eee eee Oe eee eee ee 2.50 88 600 Bre(DrOmine) Seekers cree ce Cera eee ee Ce eee LT AC Cra soe eee 5, 400 Ib(GkoyouheKs) | See bosseesanchnonobooSseseasuees nodasunacsasossneoosen eas | oir cess Beene eee 5, 400 rt (Giron andsalurainum <2 ce eee oe eee 19 07 7,500 Mn (manganese) .29 -10 7, 500 6h) (Galetti) 5S acssasesesssqoesasosa5esasas onde Senn; conosocoasaor 46. 82 16.55 2, 000 Mg (magnesium) 5. O1 1.77 2, 000 Kel(PO Lassi) eeseseeee aa see eee eee eee ee 1.69 . 60 4, 000 NEM COs hibit) aac saeemas ash aece cer cmcn ate eae asopmoncucagsesae 4.73 1.67 4, 000 Toy (bi gewhbhin) eos een goon co scab ado spas oeusasobus coudadoceseaagodsosaa! SDEKOD esassossos=s 4, 000 INTE Ee (GhaatnYoy midi) om sconces cposSosenisedoadusaaoudsnaaosbessscugses - 028 -O1 500 Total seesaw ase hemes aaaaaeeh oe acco eee hee enone 282. 8687 100 2=35) |b sae eee otal SOAS 22 asso eas Noe ee 199:50 - -|/<_ aan | 200 AlbumMIno1dlamMmMonasesasser see =e eee ee eee eer eer eEr eee ree 1002551 So aoeee eee | 500 OXY Sen TEQuINed ss sacse a esas Eee See eee eee eee 330)” as Sen aeeses 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per gent of tota Formula and name. Bate inorganic * |materialin solution. NH Cli(ammoniumichloride) passe sescee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee 0. 083 0. 03 IG GithiwamichToride) eee eas ee ce eee hee ere eyes ee eet eee eee eee ANEKOS | kerescoscccs KCl (potassium; chloride) ae se ce - sce occ sees ee eee eee ee eee 3. 22 Use NaGls(sodiumiuchloride): 555 see ce ea ore eee eee 1.50 . 53 KBr Cpotasstumybromd e) Pace ease se seeee =r ae ee ee eee eee ADE ||Ssacceroccce Kel *(potassiumsiodide) 225 3. aa. ise aet ad cee See Eee eee eee eee Tracer|2o 5 NasSOg (Sodium\sull phate) pence ae. ee ee ee eee ee eee re 11. 54 4.07 NaiBOs(sodium=metaborate) ces. oss — cesses eee Ce eee ee een eee o) atten Seeeeacoose @as(POD)o (cal ciumeuphosphate))e ae. ee ceee ase ae eee eee ene eeeee TAG) |e seer NaNO: (sodiuminitrate) 255. s.s 323 2-23 Seeee nee eee eee eee eee JMENG ES |mosodebeccs NaN Ooi (Sod TUMENI iE) ears eee ee eee ere eee AOU | oasecoseso-- Na(HCO,) (sodium bicarbonate)....--.-- 1.46 oil Mg(HCO3;). (magnesium bicarbonate) 30.16 10. 64 Cal(GCO3)s\(caleiumybicarbonate) = 2. 222 e aoe eee eee eee 186. 29 65. 75 Aor (ferric oxidejandaluming) Re jees= eee eee eee = eee eee set | -10 MnO, (Mangano-manganicoxide) ----p es sees are eee eee . 40 14 CaSiOzi(calciumesilicate) asec sas ee ese ee nee eee eee eeeee ee eee 2.38 . 84 Sk Of (AURLE) hae saeeicocm Gasca cudou aos ne oonnne seo RUD Sas cscbonSs SodeSbooSSaESsbene 46. 08 16. 26 ARO EM ee sone oacus a Sees sao sre sc OSU CUD UD COA DO TEC OCS ESE QCOaD Eada Se osssea oe 283. 3840 100 aSmall amount. lll ne HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 26.— Palace spring. [Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. perature on December 11, 1900, was 63.4° C., and on January §, 1901, was 61.4° C.] 57 Tem Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.84; oxygen, 3.02; carbon dioxide (free), 8.60; carbon dioxide (set free from biearbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.58; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount of ae tota water used Formula and name. ane hee inorganic | for each * |materialin | determina- solution. tion. | We | ONO, SiOz (silica) ...... BSA ie ne ae Un alma dimtnessiaermineh arene | 47.86 16.90 8, 000 Bera sulphunieacidiragicle)iqas ae = kee sok een a tase asics clea Hoe 7. 82 2.76 4, 000 HCO; (bicarbonic acid radicle) - 166. 50 58. 80 100 BNO a (HNN CHLCTOTACICLE) Maa cies So cineca Sees Oe yaa one ee MAGES avec ec 100 MO oe CHMCLOUSILCICTACICLE) emanate ne Seeeeke es Ses ae es aelle seciateye = OOOS is eee eee 100 ACP MOSD OTIC ACOA GiGle) a o.a5ac4e- se seee see cece sees se ee el HBT ACC IRo elec se 2,000 EO a (HELA DOLICACIG Tag Cle) sek Ne jet yee anise eee avevereine Ea Sia [es Nasu Siac 3, 000 EN OUM (RESCHICACIOTAGICIO Ne toe a. pee seem seers te anise cent age taiaall NOME, |S Sonssepeaas! 3, 000 ch (GIG TIO) 552 SAS eee ale BRE cero ee eee ee Ne Serer crane Slat 2.50 88 600 22 TF [ETROVTTUDING) 22 es asst ete nN ae een ee ea | MUEKOGS: Ios Sense oat 5, 400 = (HOGMME), 5 AAS CRSSE EOE ANe Oe Se Sole Pea pete Sor one ee AMEOOS Ieanaaccoconee 5, 400 BaGroniaudialuminum): 20)... .2ei o:eeet et Sc deee setae | 19 .07 7, 500 LE: ((TERSUNE SONS Lae eet Ee SS ee ta na eee eta EM yee oY Svan ea a 7, 500 SPL ( GEIRETHBUED))- ces eg Sey een cg gE Ra ea eae 46.75 16.52 2, 000 nu (TDG CTESI IN) pS eSrae esos sean Seo Rees Sere ele ae yn ree 4.99 1.76 2, 000 LES (FEO UPEISSTOTO NY) SO pe ee ae et eye ele eee a een 1.74 61 4, 000 Ide (GSCAUMT TAT) Cais eS Se ese ee SE eS AE A na 4.80 1.69 4, 000 Tal, (CREO RNTI i os Se eet ORS eect Nut aA PER ACC Meine ayaeieas 4, 000 MSW Etim ((CUERNTEY OUVITITIN) yyy eso ye tetera aoe ccteyn ear sie eln a rn ee ols) I a 021 OL 500 ANQUGUT See ect cs ee cae Cele es ae a ne as tt en 288. 1718 OO een a ae eens tate CETL OIG Re oo Sea coe HS ee ete ISIS ements eure tan ZOU SO Mrin arta vate peters 200 EIDE TCE ITAOMIA = eae ses een eine Nema ee ene e emacs OOD Ayer ste 500 SD EAVRGTE TROT TG bo i cece 2 ae Cn Se aN a PSH ih ita Se en ea 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Ber con of 2 tota Formula and name. penis eae inorganic * Imaterial in solution. PEC Cl (ammonium ch) Orde) seme a ee Goes ae eee eee ay eeeemmece anes 0. 062 0. 03 PIBMAInCMCHIGTIdaieeerie ences aarti eel Ce aa i MeCON Icy wus RAC IS (POLASSUUITN CI OTIC Gye fee ae aero eee es Srey uena ya apa le on MeEM OUND alice 8.31 ne alel EGU (ee obieurn Elm Vorekale) ea Bay iat ox ye cine open anc No aulO tne Gabe Un alae a ica Val 1.43 50 RAB TAG pO LScitITl Dp TOULIG e)))\S eee Sees see eee at hereto daar Sewn aaa Nip AMIENS oe Gsceeoaedc RAG UO DASSIUISIOGE GE ys hone epee ean malin eperd en Ie ane aye aston er NS rac etn Pees ss were Le sOu: (SOG aia ny Simul Va FE) oe crete ee eet a ren a Oe Me NEP oe Regn 11.58 4.08 Pb Wa (SOMEMMMINTC Leal OLA LE) sepa mee eee co yee mee Ep cee een aE (GENER RR NE a Cz CEO nea) cium phosphates ssue nace sence ena ace eee UE SE AMES eae eadaseods REINO) a (SO CIUITINMTNT EEELLe peer isertsie tie setae oe eRe de aie ye ca cee spoon ape era DES ARTA Ce | HERE eee RAE wKOA(SOMUTLTIIS THUD EL GE) pests tee in oy atncton oye) Noe cterceslamacp evi Seat sedics etapa setae ae RO OTD rapt ceca ras EEO) 3) (SOG TINE 1 CAT OM Abe) amet ae eee lacie ie ee eles CLRID SE e715) 61 MeCHCO;), (uariesium bicarbonate) 22.2) 220 else ee a 30. 04 10. 60 BAGH CO )o: (Calciumibicarbonate) aes. ue eal eri vac ee eee ees 186. 14 65. 65 REPEC O;) >) Mangsanous|picarbonate) 55 5/552. Men ee UENCE Pe gamaasanue Aio’t BESTA COXA de aCe) UNINITNS) pee noee see mn sn yal ayes Ne Rea ea nn SOT 09 Orn er iciomrisihicntey ms. ne eae eek ea aie chee teenies 8 2.30 81 “Oye CITE) oe coum alse ea GU areca al oy a as ne ee era ca Ee eae ae 46. 67 16. 46 ARGS et Mererps ter rat Pte erate eat eran ha rete Uic ear he area ueverah mimenentarenreey ntl 288, 5532 100 2 Small amount. 58 No. 27.—Tunnel spring. [Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain in a cluster of springs. Temperature on January 8, 1901, was 51.9° C.] May 19, 1901. Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 9; oxygen, 3.71; carbon dioxide (free), 8.60; carbon dioxide (set free — from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.58; hydrogen sulphide, none. HOYT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. Sample for mineral analysis taken | Per ea of | Amount a | tota water use Formula and name. ie eae & " | inorganic | for each | * |materialin | determina- | solution. tion. Ca SHOP (SIBNKCE) MEAN SE Soe sece Ger ae betes ain aa ens me aaa ter atic 49. 95 19. 31 8, 000 SOnm(sulphunielacidgradicle) tate esa sera. anee see eee ares 7.98 3.08 4,000 HCOs (bicarbonic acid radicle)....-. Bere CES est Brac Age rae 146. 70 56. 70 100 INOs (GaniHae© EverOl igeVOwIe)) Gs co seocasedeaeccoususWecsosussausoss- B22; 09 100 INO> (nitrous a cidoradiGle) epee ease eee ec ne eee seers SOUND) |e cosecoscss 100 POM (phosphoricacideradicle) Reet ee sees pe ee eee Traces |e seas eres 2, 000 BO; (Mmetaboriciacid Tadicle) eek s=see ss eee eee eee (3)3e eS eee 3, 000 ASO (arsenic acid radicle) sass ee ese a5 as yee Boe eosin e INOMS iosaccesecse 3, 000 (CIRC oUKos ab aWey ras ene Se Ane a eee ee nme ena acl eleea Se 2.58 1 600 BEAD TOMMTT CG) Sasa e ae yS lee eSeaa e e Sn esey erets| MDENODE lsasasccosce< 5, 400 TA (LOGIME aera ars sere owas ae rete ee etree ete ae en a Tracer ees sere 5, 400 at Gromandealuminum).so0s G2. 4. Geen ae Cee at 06 | 7,500 Mai (manganese) esse 2 ae tes sss essere ees eeryereer ae aera 14 05 7, 500 Cax(CalGiuml) 2a tele et ee See SEE De Sars See ee ea 39. 61 15.32) } 2,000 Mig (mae mesial) ees i eho Bele, serortoeel aoe ercene emery evieuney see 4.95 io al 2, 000 IGS (DO LALSSTUMTI) RS he ee ae ee ots SES SS oy ie ee re ase es ace 1.73 67 4,000 ANH (GstoYe bob wal) fe es aS eae ee oe aisle ar POO Gere eigen als 4. 66 1.80 4,000 Ura UyACwN bE sa) ee ine Pea esos orion Aaa eaatete Natasa sens unig tin PTAC ane eee 4, 000 INDE bahamas) ouDoI eee eee me ARO UN nme Das at ecan ene ane Se 037 01 500 ROGERS Sia SRS er hE Gases AR UNA SENS Osu ey epee Na 258.7180 LOOK 2 3 ea ee FRO CAM SOLTAS ire eae ater ara acter eae Sree Seas ree a rept eee re ener setae 188250!) | Sea seeaes 200 PNall oyowanubavon el CHTMMIN OMCs. on ancdacacsads daaapacuctioge coueceuass OLO. sane 500 ORY Sen TEquined A. Nes cas | Sane ge hee Soe ee ee Oe eee eee ADO esas 200 «Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of tota Formula and name. ae inorganic * |material in solution. INE Cli (ammonium chlonid@)reas= sss see ser mere eee ae Sh EAS set oe cree ge 0.110 0. 04 DKON Abionbosne Oo OyaKGle) ie Soe cae saoeaesacaedsacesessec Ua coaseareuES ANTS. CO Sails ce eee eee KECIE(potassiums ch Orig e)) eas see eee eee eee pear 3. 29 1.27 Na Gls(sodiumm Chloride) i: fesse erisi Gast Se es ee aes coe ael aes are Caer 1.58 61 KBr (potassium bromide) ...-----.-.----- BS ee a SS ES IE ie oe TTA Cer: easanceeee KL (POCASSIUIMP OGIMEe) isos Poses ee Ee eee eens El pe he een Traces, hess ceeeee NaosOz(sodiumysulphate) pesos lessens hot ee oe eee ee eer eee tee ea ee 11.81 4.56 INFMSXO}y (Cloxobu hem waKeyiey KONE) peoeadeceosssagucusossodsdadeoo sc socaconsecedesuads (3)-6 Aisha Cas (ROx)ox(Caleiumyphosphate) ecco ces ee ee eat H TACO illnesses NANO S(SOCTUMETT trate VA secs oe Re ree ote eee ete oe oye Cle sree eee Ce . 30 ni) NaNOs (sodium nitrite)......-. te ENS ie Bas oe ts eo Ge ae ne eee | SUOS) eSeecdaccus= Na GHC Os)— (Sodium sbi Garbomaile) aac nesee eeecee eseeee eeeereee ae | -47 .18 Ms (HCOs)s@Qnasnesium! bicarbonate)p...2 42-62 oes eee e een Seer | 29. 80 11.52 Ca(HiCO>s)si(calciumebicarbomate)yseacesesas tes eon eee eee eee eee ae es | 160. 42 62. 02 He CHC Os) on keLvousi bl CAE DOM ALE) sys eee ec ee ee ere eee | at . 20 Mmni(HiCOs)5(manganous)pPiGArLDONate) secsses ees s- ee eee eee eeee ae eee | 45 sly SIkOL\GUULKSE ae A GOWN eae Ree SARA AAA me Ongar amenca segccmaan sebduda dad ol 49.95 | 19. 31 TPotallee ates so news we end eee ee Sie ae ee Ree ee ae 258. 6915 | 100 2Small amount. Pepe er snt er eke. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. > No. 28.—Maurice spring. L e {Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain in a cluster of springs. taken May 19, 1901. Temperature on January 8, 1901, was 59.8°C, | 59 Sample for mineral analysis Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 8.73; oxygen, 2.46; carbon dioxide (free), 10.58; Carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.27; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of Amount of : tota water used Formula and name. | Banter inorganic | for each * material in) determina- | solution. tion. CNC: Sis (GING) San dee Boa CHE ORR OOAE GES GOCE SISS Obie Setar os Poe earee ras 47, 41 16. 91 8, 000 SOs (Gillan EXC) TEKC HS) SRA coasko sep aeenecadensenoaaosnescsaas 7.80 2.78 4, 000 HCO= (bicarbonicacid radicle)s:------+-----4-- Slots rales seve Steins | 165 58. 85 100 3 Op (nITNe AEG ACHE yc Sspaabusussossebdsacsbaeossaspeesusonosas 27 -10 100 Onn HILCOUSTACIGUraGi Cle) ae as ascension eee yoni cistetere case eseeie } 0008S Eeee eee cee 100 Om (phosphoric acidsradiGle))ss-e-eecace eee oa eeeree ee ese Mra Ce rn eestsee seer ee 2, 000 BO, (metaboric acid radicle) (CO) cena nanses 3, 000 AsO, (arsenic acid radicle)......-.-. IWIOMG,-|lsaaacooocdes 3, 000 WUECGHIOTING)) pee eas. inc anes oclsis 2.58 92 600 idee (((DiRcraanbaye)) 55 Sete Sunt Aa Oem qe e mse Seana SAS nia mama meester AEKEES leossoccucsan 5, 400 HE LOCEITVC) Bee etcie Serres oasis vale carer we Sls Sate seateisd auawisseiee seas APIO, lososseooeaue 5, 400 ary (“iran grag! oilpembaN) 5 sesacsassoseccosspoubecunaoSuosacoscsse -21 07 7,500 Nirig (MERI ACSC) prs sats seacoast toa clsisieaisieais Sosearscee cece ene 15 05 7,500 Th (GRIGIO). .ogbebostbpdadooae soetee one ete ace Seen ae Meese suman 45.47 16. 21 2, 000 Ao (FE Ao ESTUIM) oe Se cere ay Saas 5 sa Si aeis ee ace Selecs Steele see emi eee 4, 82 1.72 2, 000 LS ((DOUSSSTpIIT)) 6 Le peeeSae Sea SRS SSeS COS eS Serse S Seer ener ere aa meom 1.76 . 63 4, 000 INS) (GOGMBINN)) He 8 COS Sa ase 6 Sas dee ME eRe a Eee Tae e eR emcee niet | 4.89 1.74 4, 000 HRTEM GATT) peers See fe ony. Seis co otics et oaae sae sos eae ieee RT ACO ce = sae ees 4, 000 IMEICY (LMINVOUEMIID) 8 oe ata se serie cae eodeecideea ces eee eee . 061 . 02 500 ANDIGH 3 eséceceReneeEB eS Ba a Eoe SESE eC Cee ESC aS ase oeteremener ts 280. 4218 TOO sh alee erseetee ERG GUUESO TGS terre ot ate ose cre on eee See ee ieee are Me Pep O8so0)s ieee aes 200 ETT OTe NTN OM mete oye eS ce ae Sa ayn ese seniors ee ee OAM i eee Mane, S33 500 ONAV CMELE ITC een see eee ac o0 Ne Se lee ine SSE nee ee oe eR eR OD teria reyes eaters 200 «Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. | Per cent of | tota Formula and name. Bane Bek inorganic * |material in solution. | LVLEL CI (@iriresvosonnbbaal Cla Oe (2) \asrseomeceooacr Ee eOoCE suo sO SESE SreonoHe SaneeSenese 0.181 0.06 LiCl (lithium chloride)......-.. EDTA. COW: erie s er rtets KCl (potassium chloride) 3. 36 1. 20 IexCH (Coahibrrl Cal oratel)) Seba cantoaceaeesece wo coascace eee Te tca cease A aaa S 1.41 50 KBr (potassium bromide) UBraCe es Risa eae Keele (pOtassiumMIOdIde) a5. 22. ae eee ecee ee PTACes || as ee RN SOn SOHN SUL PHAate) se cece erin cenek sian ocee cance eee Sees Cae Meee 11.54 4.12 NOD Ose (SOGLUINMMElAbOrate) es) Seo oS cce/ys clemciei cc lsiee sins ose eee ieee ee (CODE ES Ce rs rot CRy (Onn (CRukoi to Oso OCHS) A deen sana sonodooesonaoouerscossEabaoscoussuadoes ADEEKKEH | San ooacunas NaNOz eae STN TGE ALC) ae tae arcrcrene ro ce ate cise ee a TSO a ee 537 oll3} Sal Os (Reon naihat) | Sass esencded Oscoda Lo sebOneES ce neOR Sor ss eeteL waatonencae | 400122| ete eres NETUELC.O) >) ue (SOGLUMEDINCALHOMAte)) se soon cee ceeos hee sence ee cee eee eee 1.82 . 65 MA GHCO>)5\(mapnesium bicarbonate) sss. 20... en-= oa a ee eee eee aes 29. 02 10.35 CAGHCOs (calcium) bicarbonate). 22-2222 220 eee se oe se cee ce once ae eeeeenee 184.15 65. 67 Hae GEL Oa ou (TELLOUS DICATHONATE)) sae ceisio a cals ite el nee eel tole eaten . 67 24 MiUmnCHCO,)7(manganous bicarbonate) 22-2005 .- 2 aos cee asec n eens 48 sills EEO (SLL CAN preemie Merrion oe ee eon ee sete yaw SE Sie eae Jedddasshosonsqqso0 47. 41 16. $1 ANG Ra ee ene Senda ca JE OR DODO SE SC aR Bae OR ACEE SEC noe dacGL BASEL aonoeouTeneee 280. 4122 100 a Small amount. 60 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 29.—Dripping spring. (Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain. Flows from side of cliff. taken May 19, 1901. Temperature on December 13, 1900, was 57.1° C., 57.8° C.] Sample for mineral analysis and on January 8, 1901, was Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 8.18; oxygen, 3.93; carbon dioxide (free), 3.86; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.28; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cou of Amount a tota water use Formula and name. aoa re inorganic | for each on. |material in| determina- solution. tion. Cac SiOen(Silica)): (ee eciscasemem at ce ce eee sees seas ses ee PeeCeeeas 48. 02 17.03 8, 000 SO (Sulphurictacidtrad icles ssee eee ee eee eee eee eeeeee | 7.64 2.71 4, 000 HCO> (bicarbonicralcidsra dicle) sees == see eee eee | 165.00 58. 52 100 INO p (Ganbnal© Evonol TAKGhWOKD) 55 scecaodasucosssenouSoneuss soso sseeseses = | . 22 .08 100 NOs (nitrousiacidinadi cle) hast ees=— eases ee eee eee eee 00033)|t2s-eeeeeeee 100 ROM (phosphoricacidwadicle) esse sseen ss eas eee eee eee eeeee . 80 28 2,000 BO (metaboriciacidrradicle) se s=s =e esas ee ees eee eee ee (@). SUBSeeseeeee 3, 000 ASO (arsenicacidiradicle) sates sees se eee arene eee eee eee ene eee None. Ee ssseeeeee 3, 000 Cl (ehlorine) ire nena sae ee eae ees Roe ee ae eee cen ees 2.58 oil 600 Bre(DrOMAINe) SAGs SSS OS i oe aoe ee eee Mee ae ene aere Trace ss |eeeeeeeeeee 5, 400 Ti (LOGITIE) eS Saas as si ee ese oe ete ee eee race's |peseeeeeeeae 5, 400 a (iron and aluminum) aD) 08 7,500 Mn (manganese) Trace:s | tesa eee 7,500 Ca (calcium) -...... 45. 97 16. 30 2, 000 Mg (magnesium) 4. 80 1.70 2, 000 Ke (potassium) tessa ae BS a eee eee eee ste e ease 1.67 59 4, 000 INE) (SOT UM) pss cae ee eS ae eae ee eee | 5. 09 1.80 4, 000 Tei Githivm) esse Ok oe eee oe oe SSS Oo ee coer eine ee ees | Trace: pases 4, 000 NEG (ammonium) oe se Sie eiaao eee Bape ce cements Seen Seer 010)4)-2eeeeeeeee 500 POLAT os Yass eA ea Oe Se eae ce eR In oe eee 282. 0203 100 2 eee MO tal SOG sje ss cela k Shaieters ele are Ere Seco ee eta 196:50) "| See 200 JAN) oyob saw aYoyKolehambaaKO ON oR as eo Sooo ncuosesoee socacaesasaes NOM! ])| pase eesceee 500 OXYeen' TeGuiTed Ss ee Pe cee Sea eee see ee eee eee BP een Seer es SoS 200 aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. rer Gent of tota Formula and name. ane e inorganic * |material in solution. INE Cli (ammonium chloride) 2ae=se == see eee eee eee eater ee aen eee eee 0. 030 0. O01 LiCl Githiumichloride)sss--ese-- esses AMEKEES |S sss ecsoses KCla(potassiumyehloride)\- 22a. sa= seco coe ee eee eee een ee Eee eee 3.18 1.13 Na Gli (sodiumuchloride) =~ <<. (sodium initrite) ees sce ios ccese care eaeocee eee abet aoe eee ees 0005s 22ers Nae Os)n(SodimumepleanbOnalte) sen sae eres eee eee eae eae 2, 44 . 86 Me (HCOs) a maenesinum bicarbonate) ps-—a=--- eset eee ee eee eee eee eae 28. 90 10. 25 CaCHCO3)s(caleium' bicarbonate) ss---4-eee eee ee eee eee ee eee eee eeeseee 184. 11 65. 28 Fe(HCOs;)». (ferrous bicarbonate) ..-.-..-. .70 .20 Mn(HCO3). (manganous bicarbonate) Trace: s2 =" eee SOs: (Silicw) ase eeekc ene easicc sce eee ese eee eee eee Ree eee eee Eee 48. 02 17. 03 Totalsao seabed wees Stee ce Hawa ee ee eke Oe eee see ae eee Sees eeenes 282. 0205 100 2 Small amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 80.—Arch spring. 61 {Situated at the base of Hot Springs Mountain, in arch of creek under Central avenue. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Temperature December 15, 1900, was 53.9° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 51.9° C.] : Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.55; oxygen, 3.52; carbon dioxide (free), 5.55; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.27; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per gent of Amount of >, ; tota | water used. Formula and name. pore ae a inorganic | for each * ‘material in) determina- solution, tion. ; ONG: SiO, (silica) ....-. pene a es Saja aWians cial Satra Ne lainna meee tsldm eed mets S/sisle aisle 50. 90 18.59 8, 000 SOA (SED MUTI CraAClOaraAGi Cle) P22 ae Sao sini sa cin ce Sinisisteie’s See oie 7.50 2.74 4,000 HMOs (DIcaArhoOmicacid Tadicle) joss. 55 s04-.hessen- seess lene sees 157. 50 57.53 100 NO; err EEG! TENG HONS VSS See Sees es etree See OG e Eee Sen eee 44 16 100 OTOH TEOUS CIC AGI GLE) fase a sisi msc as ecg nwossioe oe Sta ceeias eis seni *OQO2OU | eemeriase ace 100 BOA GDROSPHoriclaciG Tad Cle) S254. s2cce Sases eee ws eee aecie = IUREKOGS ISecpeacsaccs 2, 000 EMEC tADOLIC ACIOMAGICle) ins 2 mee a eecine eos stn eisiasaliaiel= = ele, )pi(MHandSANOUS! DIGAT DONATE)! 6 oo 2.7 -'e)s - eae oss mi eisle = winston ic st eeeinw PPT ACOsleputee names 3G, (GME) eos occa ce Socsol cael betes see Toer eH en Sahar causa meer sete Berea ee 50. 90 18.59 SRO eres eee rea nye eis eae oe ne leis eh oe ism at ec eeeniecn soca oaeae aelee 273, 7760 100 aSmall amount, bo HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 31.—Haywood spring. [Situated on side of Hot Spring Mountain, near road. 1901. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, Temperature on December 19, 1900, was 51.4° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 51.4° C.]_ Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.98; oxygen, 2.21; carbon dioxide (free), 14.75; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.45; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per cont of| Amount of tota water used Formula and name. pats ae inorganic | for each * |materialin | determina- solution. tion. BIOs (SiliGar naar nets Sarees oleae A in ls en cea ee 47. 40 17.04 8, 000 SOM(Sulphuriciacidtradicle) ss: ee eee nea eee ere eee 8.78 3.16 4, 000 iC On(bicarboniciacideradi cle) tase eesss eee ene pe eee eae 162. 00 58. 22 100 INO. Cautnele Eyerl nEVGhONS) — Oncs eh sasascnnscasdassaccousasdesaoncss5c 34 514 100 INOs((aitrouslacidkradicle) eee eens eee eee ee eee ener 0008): ca eereaes 100 POR (phosphoriciacid’radicle)ee-tee ste rete ee eee ree Eee eee eee AMIEVORs Wescossaccens 2, 000 BO anetaborcacicbradicle)eass sess eee sere ee eee eee eeeeee (a) See ees 3, 000 A\sOm(argeni Clacidsradicle) seas teseen ae Pere en ee eer eere INOT€ a Seeeeeee eres 3, 000 GE (Gillan) oo seas socud enn suansddacosudesaduquasssoooundsasesdes 2. 67 . 96 600 Bre (DLOMIMNe) cesar sees e ese eee Seen eee eee mene ae beeen AMEN KES Scoscancesos 5, 400 TE GOGING) UES Sea PS ei asic beter apalsie et eleva sertetet eee DTACE LG Eee RaceeEee 5, 400 aa @roniandlalum ini) pease eeae eee eee rere eee cee 19 07 7, 500 Mmn(mamnganese) isso cscs 2b) ssectGeratis ose mie clei seretneieite ae sle ee 25 . 09 | 7, 500 Or (er neh bhaa) eee Dee ee nemo ornemauc oes a Sain aA a mamea ae 45, 45 16. 34 | 2,000 Nie Gui yeaeVesilbh in) phat ea eseveroEpeene coaonodsouaadde asec sanecse bce 4,72 1.70 | 2, 000 IKE (DO LASSI) eid 5s) tee scp e ais See eeeys clasts orale ctateve neler iets rere efectos Seetere obs 1. 65 - 60 | 4, 000 Nai (SOGMUM) sa ineeiae sas eels eles ees sia Se see ee See eee eee 4.69 1.68 | 4,000 Teak CMGI eee saem creme oes ee Serres ee reer races eee ee eeres 4, 000 NH, (ammonium) . 042 02 500 TRO GA yee eS ape IR TO eta as eee eS VES pe Ie pS 278. 1828 WOO MW ae Saas eceras PotalisOldser woke ese ste esa sewn cea weiss yee aie ee iene meres 199500200) Sse ese 200 JM oyoboowbavoy ol Ghanian when Soe agousassas secon onsocnancasconokeEasoss SOLD Gy | Seen 500 ORY EE TEGUITE Osea ae ce sete wie ore Cees hae cero eetepee te els tomaere @BD: prea eeeeee 200 «Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of tota Formula and name. Faris pel inorganic * \material in solution. NEV Ci(ammoniumichloride)peecses scenes eeeee see eae e eee eee eee eee 0.125 0. 04 DAKO Gbiidonkohanerc clonal: aereancmeeRearaoe ana ae sore sSenanGaterseScacadas Sacic ADENOOS lssocosecccos KCI (potassiumyChlonide) berms 5 vice ee eects eee ee enon eee rere ee eee 3.15 1.13 Na Gl (Sodium: chloride) see Ge seca sere cee [opera arava fale Sate ote ayes aia ee 1.80 . 65 K:BreCpotassiumynroml Ge) reeeeeen eee ccs seco eee Meee ane es are ee eee Trace? lao ssaaenecee Keli (potassivmaodide) eyo eee a aie St se ne Ree nner fees ree Eee Ab ENC WeGrososedees NassO4:(sodium'ysul phate) ses ase. aes eas ei ee Se eae aires te erate 11. 87 4.27 Me SOm(maenesiumesulphate) see sceeeeeee eee eter eee eee eee eee eer .95 84 Na BOs (Sodiumimetaborate) eee. soos seer se eeeee ee eee eee aes ae eae (®) SMI eee see @ag(BOnou(calciumiyphosphate) ia esses se cte ee e eee eee ae eee AMENO@s lsscoossasse5 NaNOsi(sodiuminitrate) 25. S bacon csaeer ace tence ease eee eee aaa e cere -A7 ollz NaNO> (sodiumuritrite) sci. s.c62 oes eho nine ae One een eee ete eet ees 0012)|2 2 aaa Mis (HCO;)> GQnagnesium bicarbonate) 2955222. .4s2 sss sare Eber eee ree eee 27.27 9. 80 CachiCOs)s\(calecium bicarbonate) == -secsen-eeseen ee eee eee ee eee een seee eae 184. 07 66.18 Mn(HCO3)>(manganous bicarbonate). ----—--- Mee <2 eee oan ee eee 81 2) ALcOey @erricioxide and ialumin a) ieee nese eee eee ee eee ee reee 727 09 Si@aiGsilica, yo et eaters gah oS eae 1 geo le ya ee van eran Eat Os 47.40 17.04 TNO CBS a sie Se a crap ee Ge era So eee ES Sees eT Se eres 278. 1862 100 aSmall amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 32.—John W. Noble spring. [Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. Temperature on December 17, 1900, was 46° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 46.5° C.] 63 Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure) .— Nitrogen, 9.10; oxygen, 3.66; carbon dioxide (free), 8.04; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.47; hydrogen sulphide, none. % Per Gout of /Amount of : ‘ tota water used Formula and name. Baie net inorganic | for each * |materialin| determina- solution. tion. Cnc: SMM SENG) erates sca ecbigieaeecae = csc ehekemcseebececaceazeeecee 48.27 17.56 8, 000 SER Sup hUTLelaACldsragiCle) tae. ele) toe. socis oe seein Serie eel 8.29 3. 02 4, 000 EBGO a (Dicarbonicmacid ragicle) so 45 -e eee ei hascece ccc se 159 57. 84 100 Re CHIETICACIGeradiGle) as esc m= Sains wee eseie ese sees eee see Rod: 51) 100 ra EEROUS ACI TACTICS) i= sa jevsr cies ate sa \wistie ores = Se eters we GUUS) oS seoopense 100 PaaIPHOsPNOLe: acid Tadicle))- 2 --- = jasc ces Saoecsee secs s Sees INBKOO, |lesssosesedos 2, 000 EPEC VERADOLICIACI GstaG i ClO) eatin ae cece esac Sa ae emesis (ON esas samesoce 3, 000 PEMA CUNSC MI CLACIOsra CICLO) a. tus scene seen see essence mene ee IN@Me Ss Beas eee 3, 000 Th GIBNOTERE)), Sg BGS GS See ae a es ere 2.50 91 _ 600 PIMMGMLOEIUINC) Mere 2b se ee ation Soe adoee aeees one see ease eee RTAC Cre ooeiae seeena 5, 400 MEIEELETIG ere eee Soe sao as Use ac seca « sem slope ete siaisx een eset AMENGSs- ||soadoqese5ee 5, 400 He MELO WRAL EMU MAM UTM) jase se ede ects asic is Glee sess ees 19 07 7, 500 i 2 | EPSTESO)) Wea geen cab ears Se RASC Noe aoe eee Se ee ae ae eee al . 04 7,500 LD (GEUGITINT)) 22. Segoe e a Se BSee CORSA Hee Ee aCe eee mo ae rrr br aenceaeet 44,75 16. 28 2, 000 LL ( WOES) Cae See enane soon aad Heese sa Caen OSNee Sees se semeian nerd 4.73 172. 2, 000 OL CSS) 2 Citpe ees Se eees Sere oe Seer er Stes see eee ane 1.72 63 4, 000 PE PSC CENT) ee See So ee tees ee LS Se rae eee edi 4,94 1.80 4, 000 LE METI) 3 Sabb auoaecaeneee aenabeise Soe ete Be ee eer aa eee teen er en TEAC rein tee 4, 000 [Ely (QIAO OHI). oe ee ea ear Se Se eUee mate eS aS ARE ene eee eae ae . 023 -O1 500 TaUGE sae cod na es yee DO TEE || SOO ll eet de esesee ESOL G Sameer ree eae | at i ae ee meres snes be EARS ZOO TS Perlite Oa ee eet 200 PRUDENT OLMATMIM OMI As =e cease See eee eisminioes See et ees eeeee ase HOOP er es hoe oie sate 500 PESaUACIIELEG MING Ceres nents sania = Sie siaicicoe Decle ice aie aise Uo age ees caer tse 200 aSmall amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Percent of total Formula and name. or ee inorganic * Imaterial in solution. Bel Cis (AUNT WIUIMVCHIOLIGS) aessecc ean oe eee ee ees Sates ee en aa ae ee Bere 0. 069 0. 08 Pei MipMTUTMXCHOLIGeS) he sece sees=r oe sees ee eon essa ae ec a se eeeeeeeeee IMEVOOs esos o6acesec RROMG I OCASSIUITEAC Hl OFIC.C) feet ies retest eer Te ae ee RR ee oe Ge IES 3. 28 1.19 POM SOC TITAN OTIC) ase atta eee caterer Se eee oo ee eee eee eae 1.47 .53 AS TACO LASSI LOUIE) sree eens Soe sce mee ey ee peta ioe ee RS nae Eracer |Stsemacceeee RAMS EASSHUNTUI BL OGLICLE)) pase pes erp ti ny aye etek ene, ae eT, cee Payne eee Bev eo TAC Geyer oe eee Be BOA SOLUTES IN [IN eL Ee) eters spare sya Soa tse ole se eS ee ie et Pe See ae 12.27 4.46 EPEC a (SOCIuUIMeIN 6ba DOLGLE)) sseme cee ace cote ieee ne ok ise rors ee sem ea se ewe (Ojles tilignenaoaooses Cees) (caleim: phosphate) is: - 22.22 - anos c et see onene eel elseees cance ADENKCSs ocosdoacsuns RENO) mM SOCMUIMETITELALC) ctor ss oe ae ee Ae fh ee css acca Se sea AS eu 47 o Ake BEDOYA CSOCLHULITIOML GTI GE) se acer ee arson emer ieeie no Sen sicions oe ee seers OOTOR tieteree errs BEAGEO Myx (SodtuMl PICA NOUALEC)-- 220224502. Seisace sae veg. ce hese cee Seectee seen 93 34 Mish eO,)5 (magnesium bicarbonate))s.-.-2.255 =. 5222 - cee one eas eee 28.47 10. 34 MABE C2) 51 (Gal CLUIM GOICALDONALC))- sae oo- sete cise esis ee pees teenie 178. 70 64. 93 Orr FERRI COMIC CPA Gal UME A) Somers ea oe sere cane oe aeons ee eee eae 27 09 Mn.0, (METRE Onc Chobe Op-clok) pe eeoo dence csbaegedcseseeetaccsencodaacesedcs sll . 06 “AST. (GIT CITES) eee Bee ORE eSee Gee Henrie areas abe or See Gemce Sear mer me 1.83 . 66 TE Ue (PG Ce Ee Stes CoG r Be Gers DOC Oe Ce ae I Abe eens Sen ener ye meet 47.32 17. 20 LSTA ees ane ene ies se as et tS eee he ear ee 275. 2509 100 3 Small amount. 64 No. 33.—Lamar spring. {Situated on side of Hot Springs Mountain. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. } Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19,1901. Tem- perature on December 18, 1900, was 48.3° C., and January 8, 1901, was 49.2° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.84; oxygen, 2.82; carbon dioxide (free), 6.36; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 31.15; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount a tota water use Formula and name. Parts per inorganic | for each million. Sos Z material in} determina- solution. tion. Cxce siKO ya (ibe) lan Gan ancaaceaDUnone canna oanpacos acocoes acacscanassooasee 49. 60 17.52 8, 000 SOM (Sulphuriecacidiradi cle) Peeeeres been ea = hee eee eee 8.53 3.01 4,000 HCO; (bicarponicracidiradicle) ats ee seeee eee eee eee eee 165. 00 58. 29 100 NO (itriciacid’nadicle) erases snot ee nese ee ee reasons eee eeere Traceza|. eee 100 INOsi(quitrousiacidinadicle) eceseceseeee eee eee eee eee eee 70013, i eases 100 ROW (phosphoriciacidiradicle) hashes eee ee eee eee ae eee races || Saeseeeeener 2,000 BOs (metaboriciacidéradicle) Saassces seen ese See eee eee eee (2). - site saeeeeaete 3, 000 ASO (arseniciaci dsradicle)ias-ee sas ee eee eee eres e eee nee Noneni 22a seer 3, 000 Gle(Chlorine) yee ess ine ice Se aoe ee See 2.50 . 88 600 Bri(Promine) yl ees ek Soe ss ae elses eee eae ae ere eee ees Traces)|Psseeseeeere 5, 400 1E( Gio bb nis) Rema oe suseceacaanopnee ce doseoraponnacasucouasaansbonooese racels|See=seeeeeee 5, 400 Apron andtaluminum) ses ase ae ase ee eee eee es eee | E22 08 7,500 Mn (manganese) 15 05 7,500 Car(Caleiim) Sas ceeeos ge em ieee eee ae cae set eee eee 45, 94 16, 23 2,000 Mg (magnesium) 4.80 1.70 2, 000 Kei (potassium) 2a eee esas eee 1.68 09 4,000 ING (Gobbi) ose cose esa sboansesccoennessesnocusesoe oaaDeosessootos 4, 65 1. 64 4,000. IG Qui aVEODIN)) Sec coneen ees ope soe ab cUsbESudannoEncS scseanasuoaaasse Tra ce- || eae 4, 000 NE (ammonium)) 245sss cece sects ees cae eee nee eerie eee ae . 042 -O1 500 Totaleas.3 sek Seine tags sae aisle ole Sale eee s ee eee eee eee 283. 1183 100-3 Ee oeeeeees Total SOldS Sens dase Hee iS eae See ee eee Oe ee ae eee 202;,50)53 |Eeeeeeeeeee 200 Albuminoidlammoniateessees-ee essen ee eee eee eee ee eee 30225: | S3as eee nee 500 ORY EM LEC WILE Gea sate es ee ceo eee Berea aan ae eraser ae O50 7 Soe aemnseeeee 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of to Formula and name. Pare nes inorganic * |material in solution. NEG Cli(ammoninmichlonide) misses seen sees eee eee eee eee 0.125 0. 04 LAG Cithiumechloride) se ses cose cece aeeeene eecisen meee ce eee ee eee Trace? | \-seeseeee KCli(potassiumy chil onid €) Beeesccrecr ee ee esee eee eee ee ee eeee eee eee eee 3. 20 iS IN@ Cli(Sodiumi chloride) Me eeae ces occa ee seals to eee ee eee eee 1.48 52 KBr (potassiumibromid e)\saeece= escent eaeeece ne sae eee eee aeee eee eee eee Trace: \|i2lsescceee Kis (potassiumis odid €) Aiea ase ioe eke eee teense eee eee eee eee ee Trace? |2aaeeeeee NaosOe (Sodiumsulphate) occ ies sae see ce cieie i see sae ee eee 12. 55 4.43 MeSO,;(magnesium' sulphate) 2252 842 -csasccs sees aes Sees eee ee eee 06 02 NaBO>s (sodiumpm etaborate) oso 5- s\ (magnesium! bicarbonate) ee s=s22 e642 22 aseee eee eee eee 28. 84 10.19 Ca(HiCO>)5:¢calcitum bicarbonate) 225222226. seca eae eee eee eee 186. 08 65. 73 He (EHCO:)> (ferrous) bicarbonate) —-osssseciee eee aaa eee ee eee . 70 .25 Mn (HCO:;), Gnanganous) bicarbonate) p--cess ce saee eee eee eee et eee eee eeeECeeeee 48 aN SiOs <(SUIEa) see ae ne hoee ee sa hobs t es Seise cee seo a ene a eee POSE eee eee EEE 49. 60 17. 52 Totals sees socide nce d Se was ecg des oh CSS ee ee ee eee 283. 1169 100 aSmall amount, HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 34.—H. W. Wiley spring. {Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. Temperature on December 20, 1900, was 47.9° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 47.38° C.] 65 Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 10.34; oxygen, 2.07; carbon dioxide (free), 11.40; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.46; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per cent of Amount of total water used Formula and name. Feuer inorganic | for each * |materialin) determina- solution. tion. | @:@; kha (SUC) eeeeme aaa au sa iceia cnc cee te Suisse ees cle ci cmasie abe euneme 46. 90 16. 82 8, 000 PeMM SUP MEE CrCl GiradiCle) ere nes scee ence ae oc nee cee eee 8.08 2.90 4, 000 BCOs(bicarboneiacid: radicle)) sie 2.252. cis s25,c aise soe see stoning 163. 50 58.73 | 100 Qe (TTA GX ONG | eK ITO) ers ae re Ie i rane aera Mraeehn aguas ces | 100 NOs, (nitrous acid radicle) SWIG: Soseeseasucs 100 HOmphosphoriciacidiradicle)\: sj. 22. 22 secs net nce ee Mate ees ose MrACC rs Races uae i 2, 000 Wen (inetaporicacideradi cle) sens ome. saecce ease eect reuce Mest (See eee | 3, 000 PESO a (AESCOICACIOMTraAGIGle) cs oeae -mneeesatecn ce ease me eeee meced INO MESS socodouboce 3, 000 el (GHIGHING)) . ceed abeedeeseee seaees Gee Be Se ee S Ey ee mere eens nse 2.67 OO) 600 BE SEI (PAE COEXUUTY ES) pose Serseys eta aieicte 2) Sy \niee (os anie ime 2 sta/ sys vale wisi eeiegs ele EIse ciara ANNOY |ouAcsaaneesa 5, 400 NEON C) Peer eee ee aerienshe aun cee cise ae hes onions sumone seater AMEN GKER| Ma ara eels dae s 5, 400 nar RO MEAT Geer UNMTM UI) sere ee ieee a aete ree eeeoe esr cs 24 09 7, 500 VEN (HELTER DINCSE)) bene yrs nt crac eee Saracen seis arate loicieversicie he eae NSE Slo 04 01 7,500 CARL. (CPAN OTN UIE) Se Le sR oer le te SH Ie 45, 68 16. 42 2,000 Ear (TA CSINITIN Se pstee a Sse AS ere eh oyaeinece cig Scere else nessa sini @ 4.73 1.70 2, 000 PANO LASSINININ) poeesavorst eee acre ei aire sean censors asielsies ere seen 1.69 61 4,000 INS) (ROG UINEUTINY S = hee eis re ea eos at ce aI eae ee aa OR eee 4. 84 1.74 4,000 LAC (OST cron) ee eee ITA Cee pie ee ese 4, 000 REN (AMMIMNOUMIVIMN) erase. he era tecise dba ncinnncloeetie conse EAS ee . 045 02 500 SING EEY | Sea es ane eR Eat NES NS RRR OPTI Sea a ee ee 278. 4166 LOOM arth Sota ashes PROG AUESOMO See memee mieten te soe Ore nce eyo Me ciees ae Sie eee cee eee LOG Tera sts sanee ee Ser or PALIT OIA OMIA 7 Sass see cee ere see once os ene esse eee eA OM ited eek ees ope eect 500 ORS OH HEGINNeO! Coo sdottoscencodeussceoRsec cs sonarcaaasnne nasser HOO) illanes copoeaen 200 a Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION, Per cout of tota Formula and name. eas inorganic * | material in solution. NEY Ci (ammoniumychlorid e) ee c7oaa2 ats 52 ese risloe ceicis tre ine neice en sees 0.133 0.05 JL OAt (8 ny) a Bia ay aud Varn ES ee asc ie ce el ae Se A a sn ae rts ETA Cy) enlaces on RSP OCASSEUTTIAC I OTIC Eee ys ea ee ae ST Bee Tt i ee aR aa ee 3. 22 1.15 ROM (SOMME CHI OLLGG) heres cere seer eee eee Sem a ee eset eee 1.73 . 62 HAGE (DO LASSIE KOMIIG C)) eels Sepia esis ee eee ss ere ea tee See ae MERE Trace hie: ce ents SIE GPOLASSININISIOCIGE) eee tee MER ee mee ao eee Dee noe es eeu men As PNA Ce! lass eens cio She (SOCUUMMAS DUD MA EC) teres ye ereitynere eee eee ee en er RIG eR Oe Re Ce 11.96 4.29 NOE One (SOMITE CTADOLATE) cer, sees mic cs cee ie Cae ee eee eae ae BIO ilies Wines eae Get GE. Oyayon (CAICIUMoPNOSpP Hate) cise eee ee eee eee Mea oee ere Nem he TTaAG eu | eee ata NDC) ex((SOGIUINT WtT ACE) Meee ae ae ae ee eae ace eel eisie eos acpi Oe ieee IPA Geers isceeosas BEDE O on (SOGIMIMENT ERIC) Peet Se ore ei eeeicys yest eas Season Ite nieas sree cote oe al eN BOO 24 Ee eoeaaee MET GEL >) A (SOCIUIMADIGATHONATC) Ets se eee cen ne eke e aes ao Soe neem ens 1.02 .37 MrGHCO>) 5 (magnesium bicarbonate)! . 22... 88-8 esc helene anaes etre 28.47 10. 23 CacHce-7) (calcium: bicarbonate): 22 eas aes eee eee ce oe oe eee 184. 60 66, 27 mcr Gexricoxideyand alli a) eee epee etre iste arse ae ee lereee or eteeels 384 12 Mine MiManieanocnan can Cloxide)) sce se = eee ess sere ico ee re ue et ris 05 02 TA SOe (GN ITI WOR) C noce bceucoe seooee coobesocosaanonoeodE cossoUesoucdunoe 29 -10 Sig, (GUC S Bie cecice Sa jae eo SAC CE CMOS AROSE mane mete amine Nach aenimy ass ye 46.75 16.78 TTGSEL oie hele an 9. ee ON aE art trae aE Ee MeN ea 278, 5654 | 100 aSmall amount. S. Doc. 282 5 66 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 35.—KHd Hardin spring. (Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain. perature on January 8, 1901, was 438° C.] Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Tem- Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.97; oxygen, 2.76; carbon dioxide (free), 14.20; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.02; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount of total water used Formula and name. Faris Le inorganic | -for each * |material in| determina- solution. tion. é 7 CRC S155 (StLi Gay) seals cee tere one eons eee ee a ee eee eee 46. 57 16.58 8, 000 SOA(sulphuricincidiradi cle) ees ae eee eee 7.49 2. 67 4,000 FIC O24 (bicarbonicacidiradi cle) ps ss sseseeee eee eee eee Eee 165. 00 58. 77 100 INO (Ganlinare ExerGl saNONONS)) SN ea oe as eas Sasonsncoouodosecebac iL BB} < 47 100 INO i (nitrousracidoradiCle) kes ere ee ee eee 0013s) Seeaeeeeeete 100 PON (phosphonicacidsradicle)ssess ne eee eee eee eee | TAC. loser ceeee ee 2, 000 ‘BOn (metaboricracidsradi cle) pease ssa eee eee ee eee eee (8) Sa) Eee 3, 000 ASO (ATSENI CaCI dwradi cle) assess eae e eo eee eee eee eee eee INV 5555 55sc6cec , 000 Cli (Chlorine) pss ee ee ee ey See oe Ges oe ae Eee 2.50 .89 600 Br (DrOMING) Bee as ee cia oc oes toe enieeaee COE ene cert Traces, |betseeeseeee 5, 400 Hg Gl oYob bays) fimo sence ae eee SR Re eee NES rev Teens Fle es a ah ‘TTA Ce ssl aoe eeeeeee 5, 400 ait @rontandse laminin) eae ese eee eee ee eee eee a9 07 7,500 Mars (man gan ee) senascn cashes Ao a ees eer eee eeee eee 20 07 7,500 Cai(cal cium) ss 3e ee ao See eee eee eee Seen eee 46.32 16. 49 2,000 Mes (magnesia eee eta ice 2a Pee bee eee eee Pace 4.79 iL Zl 2, 000 Ke((MOLASSLUIN) Sean aee ak Hie Sees Se emae eee cee ae oe nee eee eae One| -61 4,000 Nay (SOGIUM)) rls e528 Se ese ee Sie oe noe ee eee eee eens 4. 65 1. 66 4, 000 is Gith iam) see seers eee ee Bree See ae ee eS ee ee eres | ‘ETacGes eee ee eee 4, 000 INIA G (am MONIUM)) ee Aa Mee ee eee See eee aoe oe een Seas eee -023 | 01 500 Po talyac es Sates ase ese Ac le ss ala ois nee rn SE Se etre | 280.7643 LOO? = 2) |e eae MNotalisolidssseeseeseee Bs ime AS sin eels Sicha rose ale ee tetera re eee 502 sine eee 200 JNM oyvborndavoy (ol Ghanian soos ccecseqoee-codauccosousLceeocadasocaccd OLO |e eersseeere 500 Oxyeenirequired! wives Sie <2 cece Selsey aee rit lees eee 220) false eee 200 a Small amount. 3 HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of total Formula and name. Bae inorganic * | material in solution. NH,Cl (ammonium chloride) 0. 068 0. 02 PCW Aithiumiychloride)eaeassese esses <=. SPTACCy.| (Ss eee KCl (potassium chloride) 3. 24 1.15 NaCl (sodiumichloride) 3. fe scsi sine asec cis cee at oe eee eee ee ee eee 1.50 -03 KBri(potassiumibromide) i222. oo sesee aes cose eee eee beeen eee ee eee eee ee Trace se esas Kili (potassiumAodide) ee sce ee WSs Sa ee eicen eet eeciae once eeeer Traces eo =-eaecnene NasS@O;i(sodiumisulphate) st: 22s: ones seca eee eeeoae eee ee eee ee ae eae 11.01 3. 92 MeSOm(@napnesiumisul phate) \S- see tees seers eee eee tear eere ere eee . 06 - 02 NaiBOsi(sodiumimetaborate)sas4=-)-- een cease eee ee eee se ae eer ean (2): "5 |e Sess Caz (2O2)5i(cal cium phosphate) 222 5-2-=2—--- eee eee ears eee eee Traces) 222s Pree NaNO: (SodiumMini trate) \eese-ee eee eee eee eee Re eee eee eee Ee aera eee eee 1.82 60 NaNOsi(Sodiumini trite) gees e522 see ene eee eee tree re eee eee eer eaaaae 0019 |.-......-... Mg(HCO3). (magnesium bicarbonate). --..--.---..-------------------=+------- 28.78 10, 24 Ca(HiCO>)si(calciumibicarbomate) ima. --seere= s-—eree eee eee eae eee 187, 23 66. 65 AO \ (ferricioxideland)alumin) eeess=e see eee ee ee eee eee Eee eee aeeee Pil .10 MnO (mangano-mangani Clox1d 6) eae =e sae ane eee eee eee 28 -10 CaSiO;)(caleciumisiicate) ses s- sere eran enna e eee eee eee eee eer - 26 - 09 SHO} (GUNES) ) go oes econo coccunasos ee ocscaups SeaSse scse pecoaosasaoaseabessdooséar 46. 44 16.53 AOE RRA eas sesh Soesacoseesoseandonckoecostcecdass adencdosbosesssenaest 280. 9599 100 sSmall amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 36.—LHisele spring. {Situated on the side of Hot Springs Mountain. Temperature on December 22, 1900, was 48.9° C. and on January 8, 1901, was 48.8° C.] 67 Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 8.61; oxygen, 3.02; carbon dioxide (free), 8.04; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 29.47; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per gent of | Amount of . tota water used Formula and name. HO inorganic | for each * \material in| determina- solution. tion. Cue SLU 7 (TLD ign cot aatpep ee seSnp aU R OO en aes ne Se oeee Se Ona Sanaa ar acrs nee 48. 84 17.30 8, 000 SO, (sulphuric acid radicle) .....-..-.-. 8.71 3. 08 4, 000 HCO; (bicarbonic acid radicle) 163.50 57.90 100 Lite (NRO Genel ie O Re Bese Sash soe scopeuasaoere cea aoseecoaudes 78 . 28 100 Ol ag CHALOM ACTOS TAI CLE) voir serio nle ase Sasi oeeins ee se See ee es a SUVA escoctaane 100 On (phosphoriciacid radicle) . -4: 2-2 -- enn ee ne IUENOS’ |Sasessuoooae 2, 000 BOs (Metaboric 2cid! radicle)- ~~ ~~~. -------- 2-2 ee sense (Ves Ioacobabosess 3, 000 APA A (USCC ACIGTAGICIC) fieiaziaaes ase esos meine eine fase s foaes NOME Wossedoscssse 3, 000 EL ((GEIGHING)) cccsiscounadbtcocenoososnecou neonepEoSoaecsecseouseoese 2.58 ols 600 EMIBUPROUIELIO) me cerieiae mat ae Sees ance ce eels eae mas scee veatiose ness UENCE Neossodaacore 5, 400 2 HOGUNG) so.scssceesogops sae se cdnogae aopoSseecks Season qecsEaeodooe IMEKEES |lbscubpocsess 5, 400 AC G@rontan daluminum)) a5. 5--osceece de coe aso neaces saceeecesess 719 .07 7,500 Lui (ii PMER TERS) oosecc ssocsacevesssenancsoad souceesuEeoseaduepscHS -11 04 7, 500 Dei (GRIGIO) ¢ saceebacse sen donsapeotcodemp soe aEaaeloSsEoUdebUSnSeac 46.33 16. 41 2, 000 Lt (Ge ea sot) pedaeeseecose Hause pos BeCOSer SaOro ese Dee See aaneeoe 4.92 1.74 2, 000 Lo (POS SOuin)) = daa kesecdab acieousesaseoeabedeecns sun Canoe seceoseEeD 1.68 59 4,000 Na (sodzany) Se INS = et ae i eon Seine nie Se Late weenie e eyayeie sista. 4.70 1.67 4, 000 Srrg (EGE RUT) re eases tele Slava rato ata oie ini sit cisinis ines le wie - EEE wine IMO |lededsoadenes 4, 000 2h el, (Gimnminyanii)) Gog Sees qeoaascEeseooEoeeCSEe boos aeseaebesescne . 023 01 500 IEG Gea epee ee a etre oat oI ete wise wea ous ators a rami S Se 282. 3637 LOO Sean eines caer BROMO LORE tee lass ote pares nso alele cine cine arslslafaois/cseinibic. ssleisiegyelsic ee ZO Si ie toeant| Sse Mien Melos 200 J.J Uae Cheam weno WE eal AER E a ease ene so Scab neE Ree DBecoecoos AUS ettactieoscce 500 LEAVE: RAC (ENNES |S es Lo daaeconccacnoocnese ununeeospensbbcaenassocguoE aA)! Ssanocandces 200 2 Small amount. > HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Percent of total Formula and name. Barer inorganic * |material in solution. NH,Cl (ammonium chloride) 0. 068 0. 02 PGi Mithiim chloride) --25 62,8 sa sl Mra cele |teseee nese KCl (potassium chloride) 3. 20 1.13 NACI (Sodium CHlOride) = sje ciies se oe nee ote eco aceon eee een sent eeee 1.70 . 60 Haba CHOLASSIUNT DEOMI CE) seas mce ane ceeds ee aan ce nen arte tn beb See e cee Bes PTAC Ce peck aie seem AWE GEO DACSLET Tp CLIC C)) ierstcpete ears Sees ore caine ee ee Ease eee ieee Sine Ae eee ADT AGe | Peesesone wees BED SO a(sodcinmsul phate) paso sae see casa ee eek oe eS ee Se Re 11.50 4.07 Mose aumiacnesiumr sulphate) .secc- sacs see ose ae teen coeeele soeseeeeeenacieere 1.18 42 REDE On SOCItiTent CLADOLALC) soccer nace as seis en on ie ieee nue beeen eee ee (Gea eee we ascic BAO ne (CALCLUINY P HOSPNALE) sot tata penises ol rite Sein ose Sen Reese ec elinS TPraGes|Pasenc sss ae NaNOz peu HULL ALO) sees ssie aes eee cee eae sean soe Sener seee ee ee = 1.07 38 DO A SOCUUMIEENILEILC) eens moe see seen weet aie cisse ee eioeejed SER cre we cisecertncets VOOLUH acters Megha anarnesitim picarbonate): --2s2se2) 25-22 mean co neon ee eee oce 28.18 9.97 CCAS Oe.) 9 (Calcium: DIcarpOD ate) a... -Gnaenesiumibicarbonate)aenesctesseeces eneeeee reese ae eeee 21.13 Cota = 9 ‘ iMcony (ferric oxide ‘aud‘altimnina). vic coke =) eee ee eee ae Bre Mn;O,4 (mangano-manganic oxide) ell . 04 @aSi1O3 (calcium silicate) 22222-2222 see eee eaeeeeee 29 09 SHO)y ((GITE)) Socdcossoceae aa siciSie SSGIRRIS/ Oe oars ESTOS SS Se Se eee ee 46.50 15.65 LROIEN ee SoascenbnoloLeUeonsaee uctancdnaspooSduaasobEsdoogdoosaDasoaceeses 297. 1290 100 a Small amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 38.—Horse Shoe spring. 69 [Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain, under Horse Shoe bath house. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. 1901, was 59.8° C.] Temperature on December 27, 1900, was 58.8° C., and on January 8, Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.54; oxygen, 2.46; carbon dioxide (free), 10.02; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.84; hydrogen sulphide, none. aSmall amount. Per cent of |Amount of total water used Formula and name. Bare er inorganic | for each * |materialin! determina- solution. Ones CHC: SiO» (silica) ....... senso oD odadoaedoshseSesanemoSsuasnonssoasacesecs 49.81 17.14 8, 000 SOM CSIP LUT CCICTAGICLO) mere cept. saree oiesiocian (ees eels] le lslsiein cece 7. 86 Ql: 4,000 ECO ((inenn ror exeare be Kole Oe acs soansesseseneHaeseancarSesosene 171.10 58. 89 100 iN Dy (HURTS GXSTOL EXC DON) Coa AapSeodoeeseSboCnRe soe eesebases seebes Mracew|eessneeereee 100 SO (ROS Aiea hI) Ga B ea oege saenee eo se onSc BeBe ens cneeeereas AWUO ea Soactakaas 100 OPH HOSPHOLIGIMACICcrAGICIC) = acess ee seco l= ee wicteiaisie -lnin i= Rracely Restate: 2,000 LAO (TST oe Gl ibs) Aaa snanse coseboseoooseneEupoceseneaase (yee calessehsaascec 3, 000 AsO, (arsenic acid radicle) IN@UIGS ecbseeonecus 3, 000 Cl (chlorine) 2.50 . 86 600 Br (bromine) (rae | aaete sass 5, 400 NE GOGING) fseao cs. S25 c woe se esses UUEKOSS lossesescanse 5, 400 Fe\ (ron and aluminum) 26 09 9, 000 LUG: (TROINEMTOSO) ecesaduaes seasueas soe da cHouepesooronceeesesesousde 27 09 9, 000 Cay (Grier) 60k ses pease cousan GUS O Bs eeeCeT eS VECe ere Searels emeemerinns 46. 61 16. 05 2,000 LL (TDG@GINESNTIN)), 55 e5dedod sac baconosnboceccHeeeboesossaane sacar eee 5. 07 1.74 2,000 AGH O LASSEN) Saar sae oe os seen aan cee cinemas cis ais ee haisseciece 1.60 55 4,000 Fea (ROCHA) Ren asiem ee Ceres eee iae see ce ae ere ete ce mie Spe eieseyae 5. 42 1.87 4, 000 TT) (MU MIDUE)) GUST Sos cded Sees See ce ae Se eae ee eraenteT .. . eee praees DTACCH oeeeeeiieeee 4, 000 NEE (RIVET O MVE) er ane cic eeiccls - cies ce Seajcieis sivicis seine sisie sso senies . 030 -O1 500 LGA de saceadNease soee sey ROH Bos Sate SOR SAa SOE REE uOS SAR AaRae 290.5305 LOOMS sees Teal! ROUGE Ss bee aa Se SSS e ec aaenEe Cees ace eee eetsadeeanersc4 oon ea) Men momte a 100 Albuminoid ammonia OOS ARS ics 500 MEG OC HEMe OMe Osan esas oo Seeman aes Sages bese e Og a HER OO hans lRederseteins atte 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of - tota Formula and name. Batis De! inorganic * |materialin solution. RE CU CaImImMoOniIMCMlOLIG6)\a- escheat cai sae eee nee ene e a eemence 0.090 0.03 ros (nphiamyehloride) esses paces see ees ar el Sao eee Le ae er eee AW EK | Persea onaSss RAG Gp OEASSIIIME CHUL OLIGC) eoteat seen sete see es ieee eee etic eRe seo 3.05 1.05 EO a (SOM TIETANCHILOLIG OC) eet Seno ue Ee Ene ei Cee aby en ENS 1.63 - 56 RGB ra GVOCASSIUTMN COMIC) ase ire =o) 5s 5 etieyetctoe siora cree arctan ie eyes etic cielo le TAGE. ieee aaa RAIS PO LASSI OCI) fecteee Mena s ter eee ieee sei conics on emia eeen epee ces ET ACC SN Resa easy Reo On (sodimisulphate)s-asne eres ecces 2a) teense eae ees eeae ee meee aeele 11. 63 4.00 RENO a (SOCUINS IM CtaDOraAbe) oes ees geo ee cee ee ee hiseicees Ge (GRY eee eee MAGE Oyo (Calcinm pNOSphate) = ee. Sess see eee Se eee ach see ee eee tee UDENCOS Seb ooeeosoce EDIT OF SCIEN EUTLTALLE) ec cee ete mee eee cere gs ye eh he eee iat Praces-|Rewkee aes BEUNO) (SOGI UIMTCTILO) pelt eee eGies cia sae eam oe ramet ois te eicice lee Dee eecce SW Oe | Saseqcccoses pt GEC O)2) | (SOMIMM!DICATDOMALE) ioe ete ae es 2) foetal eee eileen = ecto nice 3.68 1.27 Mo CHOO>) > (MmagiesiumibicarbOnate) a... --- = 2-seee ene eee ies eeeisecesine 30. 52 10. 50 COACH COs) 7 (Calciim: blcanbOnate) os42 2s 5 ace 5 sae oee ences eee cee ee eel 188.77 64. 96 HE CHO Oni LErLOus; DICALDON AC) ia 2— ase ose os eee ees aos eeee e es acetal: sey sali PEGE C O2)7i MAN SAanoOus) DICALHONATC)|2—.\- 3) late aisle aloo eis ee ie eineee = oe 87 30 neo), (@exrricioxide/andyalwmimay sree Soret See aye een teen eto 323 - 08 SH g, (RUNG Sse ch ale Se ae ere sche Ee et eens ertiag C= Nae RI en Me 49, 81 17.14 PRG Geter a ae ae nae ale aoa ree rnin lane os slo eae been See pee ee eteciate 290. 6008 100 70 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 39.—Army and Navy spring. {Situated on side of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19,1901. Tem- perature on December 28, 1900, was 61.4° C., and January 8, 1901, was 61.4° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.70; oxygen, 2.37; carbon dioxide (free), 17; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.58; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount of total water used Parts per | ; - Formula and name. ae inorganic | for each million. material in | determina- solution. tion. ; , exc: SIOoi(SULLCS)) ealevaralataiolaialaleialeletstalefelersieyejsinreielcisleveielelersiaeerseeee Green een ret 50. 51 17.12 8, 000 SOm(sulphurieiacidinadi cle) S3sssee ee eee eee ee See eee ee ee eeeces 9.41 3.19 4, 000 ECO (bicarbonicwacidireadicle) seesssereee eee eee cea eee eee eee 169. 60 57. 52 100 INO} (Mitriciacidiradi Cle) eamass ear eEee ese eeee eee eae e nears 1.33 - . 45 100 INOs|(Mitirousiacid madi Cle) acre. e teers ecese ce eee ee cee £0030)|S-acesee ae 100 ROM(phosphoricacidiradicle) ieee) = eee eee eee ee see eee eee eee Drace:) | pasceeeceeee 2, 000 BOn(metaboriciacidiradicle) Stee sae ee eee eee eee eee eee (8): 2s) si See eee eee 3, 000 ASO (arsenicracidsradicle) eeesssce seco eet eee eee eaee eee eee eeeee INONG ss |eeeeeeeeeeee 8, 000 Cll Chlorine) isa hese saeco sees oo hate ene eae Dene e cee oeee 3.33 1.18 600 Br (OTOMINE) cee cece see mae seen See eet ee ease ee eee eet eeere AMENEES Saccosecsccs 5, 400 (COMIN E) nesses Sei io sereeenis aoe meee oase Se EEE Dink eae nema eee Trace..|_csssesseees 5, 400 rt Gironvandialuminum)) ee -eeeeeee ee eee eee eee ee eee eee ee .28 -10 9,000 Mna(manganese)!s2isc2 scars oseceees meee eee eee eo ae eeecee .14 - 05 9,000 Cas(cal cium) pe ceac tose nese ena ae eee nace een ee eee ee 47.11 15. 98 2,000 Mie (Mmaenesium) aac s52te se ose e sees eet ere siete Meee rene 5,14 1.74 2,000 IKE (MOLASSIUIM) oo oe ck as see se cine Sew Sem o/s sols bieiede seems ole ie eeeioee 1.93 . 65 4,000 ING i(SOGMUM) Bee sa eeeees ca Sue Seecis See ae cee Eee een ae eee 5.98 2.03 4, 000 DEL PGE TUT) ie ea es SPs Cie ee eae eee ete roa Rracer |eneseeeseees 4,000 NUE, (AMMONIUM) sss se oie ss sissola eels aces meineesineercne . 111 . 04 500 MO tae] oc eae ae a ara ST eo ee eee ae rae 294. 8740 LOO! ="5| Ssacceeeeoae NotaliSOWAS sesSses ease epeioeks See TNS ene SSE ee ee eee 210. ae 100 Al buminoidlammoniaeeteec seco ses Cece eee ae ee eee 070: Se oseeeaeece 500 OxyPenerequined reas crcas acer ceee tee Pee CN el eR eet bs Ae es UY Ree SY AOR Nees eeenys anes 200 2 Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of b tota. Formula and name. Fare inorganic * |material in solution. NEL Cli(ammoniumichloride)jes.a-seee cee eeeeee eee eere cre eernet nor nen E lene iC (ithiumschloride)esasssee so soce ce ce meee Cee eee eee eee ae ee KCli(potassiumich| oride) sass. ssseee-eeee ee eeene eee eee eer eeee ee eaeeeeeeeeee NaCli(Sodimmxchloride) cteccisecece eee ee ee eee eee eee eee ene K-Bri (potassium bromide) G42 see eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eeares KL) (potassium A0di1de) ha Se. ok kite ses wee ae eo ee ae ee eee Cae eee NasSO,- (Sodiumssnlphate)iice fo. o se cancer CeCe cen C nee eee eee ee eee Na BOoi(sodiumimetalboraite) pass. sooner Oat eee een nee Eee enone eee eae Ca; (BO,)a;(Calclumiuphosphatel ss: cess neee hese ceee enon eee eeeeeeee eee eeeee eee NaN@s (Sodium: nitrate) goesetiseece scores eee see ec iiee Seer eee eee eee eee eee NaNOsi(sodium: nitrite) .s.stscceoscece saneiss eens eee eee oe ae eee ee eee Nai (EC O3) 5 (Sodium! bicarbonate) sase-ee-ceee seceee eee ese eee eee eeee Me (HCO); G@nagnesiumilbi carbonate) sacenceeesesse eee aeeiee eee ee eee aetna Ca (HC Os) s*(caleiumibicarbonate)\ssseeeeee ee eeeeee eee ee eee Eee eee eee moe (ferncioxideiand alumina) et seeeeseeecee et eee eee e eee eee eae ANTira sO gs (CID HTN ATO =100. 71 ATT CLO Kl CLO) Reese a oe CaSiOg (calcium! silicate) esse sae sess Soe ee no eee eee eee tees SiQs '(SUICH) serie cieewsiene seen csi ec ses isieiscieniecl ee eee eee cere oor ererr ar Totals ore Sse Sees ce ae eS eye Sie ee ks SE eee Dees aSmall amount. ma HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 40.—W. J. Little spring. [Situated on side of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. perature on December 31, 1900, was 48.9° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 48.9° C.] ~T i Tem- Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure) .— Nitrogen, 9.18; oxygen, 2.98; carbon dioxide (free), 14.20; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.02; hydrogen sulphide, none. | Per cont of| Amount of aes ae tota water used Formula and name. Paria! inorganic | for each * |materialin| determina- solution. tion. ; Cue: SRP USE LTGS2) a tetatas istalalela ln vataleraiaicieiatajeicte icisiye osroia wise alererata cis siererere eitvaisies 45. 73 8, 000 Sera (SHED MITIG ACTA TAGICIO) eases oes eles sissies Soe isieiaia sisieie(eisisiel= aisiasi= 7.76 4,000 HOO (bicarhbonie’ acid: TAGiCle) | sjaeeeee --osietnll = we = spells ene 163.50 100 NO3 nee ACICOLACMICIS) ree ie sa esiais eis sta Naren o sisinite eigieinisle aeieieieee Trace. 100 Oo CHUGEOUSTACIOOTA GICIE) aca er- veeiase n~ s-1o= stesic siasisie nisivinieieiejne cisinlese . 0010 100 PO, (phosphoric acid radicle) Trace 2,000 BO, (metaboric acid radicle)........-.- (2) 3, 000 Or A VESCIN CIA CI OALAGIGlG) men oecn eters Ssicin teree so we retin gies ceeiereie None 3, 000 CL (GIGS) See ee B eR RSS Ee BSS BOD SESS SEE Eee ne eee eee ere 2.67 600 30 CTORDTMI®) Gbapeéestecoosecne DEE EGE: CUSEo DESEO USecee eae aeeree Trace. 5, 400 BIMRLODER TIT Create secre a aioe ei Penere ites ciole isin wiseSreistatene: O orod wigiinreto sia Trace. 5, 400 He Girongsr cele UI) eis raye oleae ota sicisie = 2 eiaie cisie soe = <= in sie nies 19 9, 000 MRE CTT TTI PSNTVCSE) aes e ee Slee ars oo sites si emeeais scic deeisinniste sue aise ee oae Trace 9, 000 Piston Col GRIBTIN eases areca Sala see Seale eee -Sieieje ses cee oiecieleises selec 45. 43 2, 000 LUD (GSR MEST) \SeseogeonasesEcasHooeee HoSoSanSeECe SobEeE come neeeae 4. 96 2, 000 MIO OEASSIUIIN) oreet eta Soe cin ae cease nists ae alaisce ce sciore cess 1.59 4, 000 ER CS ERE LULEEN et ean te ese Rome aiaioie ais Secon eee ote a one 5. 00 4, 000 LE (UNIT Us os SSeopesesocel ee osss UESp eee See Re noon neeSeraEnaeer Trace. 4, 000 PG E-Berg (OLEYUTED C)IMUUETIN) otayeve se sialerernici lor er cleveie\aie wisve-s siere oie /eeis cis ce een es 008 500 Sire eee eee eee he ed i 976) 8300 100 500 ROLIESOM Sheeran is nat ee aciele ce tis eon fo me atin e eieiebis oe Releistaaaeie GE. CO Neededocsase 100 ei UMrin OAM MONI = cess ose scaes ace shoe esses cases seeiees C0) 0) eee Bere 500 Mpay S CHETCC MELO Geers ee tete ne rare ee ae eee eee AU ee Soe oe eee OOF Et Seen Src 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of ‘ total Formula and name. Bee inorganic * |materialin solution. NEC UM (armmonium CMlOvide) Samco esee re ceceee aan siecle sisi slo Seeisieies wee ests 0. 024 0.01 EGE GUC TUTTE HOGG. GC) Breeracss eretereiareinan eas eecl ie ioe slot eine a ene ones eel omeieiaatueie AMEE ES Soascousus RAG HGR ObASSIUITINC MI OLIGC) Besse esa ee eee Orie Sear aE BOS TL Soe eee EE 3.03 1.09 Bee MCSOC TINUE M1 OLI Ge) easel as seco ie Cae oe oeels Soc eS Meee le seme ese 2.00 Sid) ESE EA (POLASSIUTM LOM GC) sare aoe in se cise o rae oe eleceis aie ee ae elae asso eee seuss UBEKOS, Nesgackeedoac EAI BOLASSLUIML OIC eC) PF a eee eye Ayaan a orci ars ie eats NI See aye ieee ALEK Koala es Sealy BESO m(SOMIUMESU PN Ale) eas aceece re eee a neces ne coe oe Seek cee se pees ise tins 11.48 4.14 EUS Oy (SOGIENW ME LADOTALC)\o5- gas on sepia ieee er sianaree ni eine ois ices oe cieeeistelsicieisie Wi) 2862) Shea a Ee PME O or CACM PNOSPHALE) | sseeck sees eee a a- at anaes he cise ciscieinenisees ioe IDTACE basen eaeeeee BESNGY a (SOGUUMMITEEALE) se nseemene nese cose ee eeae cine ase ee Sach esaeene acer erie PTACeH |Easseeeeeres PED Orn SOUEUUTIIITII LUGE) ) os en oom ote nis se cicieie cole eS ee oie lea ciis iore 2 sreteict or ntene Sea HOOVES see ae BEECH e O>)\n(SOdIUMIDICALDONATC) Ia. s ee cee emer c a noe el eee e eee ere donee 1.79 65 Me (HCO?)> (magnesium, bicarbonate) i...) 2222253222525 2. 22 obese nebee et see 29. 86 10.78 CAGHCO?) a (Calcnim bicarbonate))-. 22. sacs cosee ec see ase does seca oeee cee 182. 32 65. 80 Wr GHCO2)> (mangsanous DicarbOnate) —. 2). = 2 ee «see saiseises sce clsceeecece snes AMES SSeboneedohe ALOy GlerriciGxadeandialumild) passant eases Tonos Ses sete aes bene acee sou 10 CaSiO, (calcium silicate) .... 1.19 43 TOY SULT CS) eres eepere eae oa ieee acre wie nic bie c cisin es ee bia wie oe ulcteine eters cla aeteiete uk 45.11 16.28 BRO Aas tetera elo cle sialon is oe cccia es claps Sie ole wisi SEE aia eles iecioeciesle Saye scieme 277. 0755 100 *Small amount. OD HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 41.—Mud spring. Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain, under free bath house. taken May 19, 1901. 48.3°C.] Sample for mineral analysis Temperature on December 29, 1900, was 46.8° C., and on January 8, 1901, was Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.14; oxygen, 3.44; carbon dioxide (free), 10.84; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.02; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount oh tota water use Formula and name. Parts Do inorganic | for each * |material in| determina- solution. tion. CxG SiO, (silica) ..... a Sha le/aysterayaie' avahstavalayeid al aisysiclolaejatelalsclare eile oe roeineyene 52. 30 17. 60 8, 000 SOM(Sulphuriciacidiradicle)Messss-eeeer ace eerie eee eee eee eee ee IDI )5) 4, 02 4, 000 HCO (bicarbonicacidiradicle) eas--eereeeeer ere eeneeee er eereeeeee 168.10 56. 58 100 NO; ee LYets igKobolls) hewcunnaeeadacaoacusbodadacosuaososonoGaus 44 15 100 NOx (Mitrousierd ragicle)meeeesseseece eter eoeresteeeeeoeee eee eere OURO ee aoocancus- 1€0_ ROR (phosphoricwacidhradicle) -eseeeeecee sce eee eeee eee eee eeeeeee ADIEKE@s-|5 soesacoscas 2, 000 BO dMetaborcacidiradicle) ses sess ee erereee eee eee een eee eenre (3))5 ee eee ene 3, 000 ASO i(arsenicracidéradicle) pass sree eee eeeeer rere Eerr eee neeee INOUE |lCsaooeaconcc 3, 000 Cls(CHlOLING) Hara sea SSeS Noes aaee aoe Sees Sse sen eon cleo see ecient 3.17 1,07 609 IBLES CDLOMILINVE) Ss sos roe Neer eet aoe ioe a hoew ee nee CeCe eee TTA CCS, Sees 5, 400 TE (UO CULTS) Hates Sip seis ee SN a Sie The ct ARTUR as ey VN Cre AWEKGES | osesocctecos 5, 400 vA (irontandraluminum) peeesseeeeeee essere ase ee ee eee eee eecere . 29 .10 9, 000 Ming (man Sanese) ieee mer ametice ies ne eieeciicnitec cenitte eae errs raced |i seers 9, 000 Ca (Calcium) Siha see ecncac eco sea ae es eae ete eee cee 46.89 15.78 2, 000 Mio (MAS TEST UM) Stic roe east svercrelee ree cre eee eee ie CR eee mee 5, 22 1.76 2,000 KS((pOtASSium!) sae aes Bee Moe einen ee eer eC EIEN eee 2.23 .75 4, 000 IN@:(SOGIUML) A Sens sem cies see sncisne Decism lee Gis see a ace Cece eee 6.49 2.18 4, 000 D(C TUM) pee ses. Saice ee ses seis daectecet ke ceo naech come hean acre ‘Traces ||S-eeseseee 4, 000 NIE (AMIN ONL) ee etter ak cheese icine leeixc eee Cee eeiaeoee eer nee - 018 -01 500 Totalenss Seek eigtee een jae ae e ies mer eenee ea enter 297. 0996 LOO! 9s. ae) Sees Total SOLOS sa sspears clatecs sles oie sieinrale sieisiere sie a leeisieeiatets ei ssrseiere el teeeeioe 21600 | Socata 100 Adib umiinordvamim oni aeeseese sees essen eee eee eee eee eee ee ereeee mb aoa Peel 500 OXY LEMLEGUITER eae aac oS ane es etal eels ees oetereeiosee 540) Seas 200 2Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of tota Formula and name. Pas Nae inorganic ~ |material in solution. NEL Cli(anmmoniumich oride)Rassceeecee creer eee ee CECE EE LE EEe Eee eee eee 0. 053 0.02 LAGI Githiumvehlorid e) esses acest sme cate ioe Nene ene ee eee eee en eee Traces | Nees sae eee KEL (potassiumrchl oride) in stole sees eis ore eletale ecole ee er eee eee ee 4.25 1.43 NaCli(sodiumichlornde) ps sees oc cen ance se eee neoee eee eee ee een 1.83 . 62 KBr ((potassiumibromide)wasessa= nese oe eee ee eee eee eee eee Trace ns | ceeseeeee KOM (POtassiUMMAOGIM |e) ee Leases See ee eee See ee Ee One See eee Traceitiees eee erere NaS Os (Sodimmisull phate) Mae eae2 sa eee eee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee 17.30 5.81 MeSOMGmaenesiumisul phate) ie seas cee ee eee eee eee 588 11 Na BOse(sodiumi metaborate) sseaane-ao-c eee eee OEE Eee eee eee ener (3) (sheen e eee Ca3(PO4). (calcium phosphate) Traces pa-ee corre NEMO (Corchh beanie). s6sacossesceaneocescosdscusce . 60 . 20 IN@iN.Osi(SOGTUMENICTILE) cio ad oe aaa eile steer cin cette eee eee eee 0024" | s. cae aeeeeere Me (ELCOs) pn (magnesiumsbicarbonate)ec-ccseeesee se eeeeee eee Lee eee ee eee 31.00 10. 43 CaGHCO})si(caleium|bicarbonaite) so s-secen eases eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 188. 89 63. 53 Min(EHiCOs)s\GQnanganousibicanbonate) ees eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eeee Tracen i Naseer AOe (erricioxid eandial uri na) sees eee eee ee 42 .14 CaSiOse(Calciumisilicate) ee eee eee ee .73 5O% SiOs(SUCa) sciss Seiwa oiatieieele we cil swicie a oae swe wei eee eee aoe see ieee ince eee 51. 92 17. 46 Totals toss eseesne Qe bck ce eie Ha dnc eedelnac doce haaeeeeseneneeeeermeneee 297. 3254 100 aSmall amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 42.—Magnesia spring. Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain, under{Magnesia bath house. ysis taken May 19, 1901. Temperature on January 8, 1901, was 58.3° C.] 73 Sample for mineral anal- Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 9.05; oxygen, 2.23; carbon dioxide (free), 13.64; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 30.58; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per cent of | Amount of tota water used Formula and name. Hers ae inorganic | for each * |material in) determina- solution. tion. cxe: Sits (SIGN) scocaddbaasoabocosddeecsoseasaseeces Hoe seneecenBaeencar 49. 63 17. 34 8, 000 SPP SEE MUTT ACICeTaAdI Cle) haa cise seseecisis celsecictelajssicisisinsesio sete’ 8. 40 2.94 4, 000 EPG Oa (DICREHONIC ACIGwaAdiCle)) < 52.55. .2seicen cose eine teen ce == 166. 50 58.19 100 oop (UTC GOT ENG IOIO) — SeoecpososcesocboceoeSHossueuoEso esedsac 44 15 100 PP PRVEELOUSTACIOSTA GIGI) sacteels seas See eteitis ee fociniss'siei-te later sins sei = SO008h|Rereeeercsee 100 EO (phosphoric acid radicle).2 52.2222. -< ss sts ieee cee cece see MUTEX lo Sonacansass 2,000 (ine LADO ACIGUTAGICle) se sa5 oe heen ae =e a= Se eee Se Se (2) ee soanesdons 3, 000 PSOMaHESeHIC ACIG TAGICIE)) 22255 eos ee cock cet seoemeeceice oem ccie IN@OEs lscessootesce 38, 000 TL (GICTHIN®) cS 68SGg USGS OSG eee eNO eke Sain See eee ere 2.83 99 600 LF POMNHT@)) cc ecesgaspagacoudeastekededes sopageoaodoNoooagsecadcans ANEKGE, Sooscaeecede 5, 400 PMBNU CHET ene eee eye er tees ie cic bios eine tisialseieaia where Sys eye cieistmandys ALNEKOGh, tooosaaseans 5, 400 att “ SROTR OAT EAT eenTe ge ee .33 sal 9, 000 uo, (TETTERINGS@). des asasesesastecqnccseuocudseses saeseensnedendesde 07 . 02 9, 000 SL (GIGI) ape eeetod dase Soe Senge ce AOS eee Ea See ees See eee eee 45. 93 16. 06 2, 000 MOM GENT SST CSUUTEY) eres atey oes Sein seals eee sie = ee iaeisisien ise oie min wate ee vie cies 5.19 1.81 2, 000 2 | POUPSSNUMMN)) - -bosnobssccosbonesonuddecopapvoecsabouoaaseeoedsuacs 1.72 60 4,000 2d: (R@GtibIN)) -seuoaodes cose SCeMeee oe cesoce dae eee ae oaeeaa] Somes 5. 08 1.77 4,000 2 (ISR le SoS ase ces es bea See SESE ones Seco nE eSB EMESSOReES.. - daees (racers Passes see 4, 000 J 8). (Gi). 46 6sbeGscneescesseccoscceo7saanssesdopeeesesca5s 058 02 500 ROLA eae eee aces ieu ce ae since swine cenawaeeecies 286.1788 LOOM Succ eeee emer PRS GSU LES) LT Cl Sereda ne areata a foe c| csavela Sepaisicte Srelageis ieiala wievatefeteiciows winiels PAU lent allaces tee aos 100 A Tn TOGl pin Oe po caaanabasseasecobec Econ canSaereseseesacce INUES |codoconeaue 500 -EAVGGIN inet Mel, oo da sobecn shee oeadsouaseooescEeouGnoBusaEssange (Sad sssagsccoade 200 2Small amount. >» Not determined. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of tota Formula and name. Bante bet inorganic material in solution. eet, Ole (CEM OMIM ECHLOLI Geese meee ere eee icl eo ac ean ele ae 0.172 0. 06 Die Me GiitiumCHIOTIGE)) 27-55 «ats face aiaieelSiaie esas Sale ois sictotysise ee esis ieisiewis sees ARTA CO So Sore sees Res RanorasciummecHlOnide) sea. eet sees aces neo iele wanes Sele ae sie eee 3. 28 1.14 BEA (SOMME M1 OLIGe) eee seen oes cee etna etimieion aise cee miter eee Dena ae 1.91 . 67 HAE TABOLASSLUMOTOMIGE) errs os saci senate fe saseeecae ea See eceeine oscceceens AROS WS ocostosesos RMMGDOETSSIMIMELOGIC Cosas sais risaiarar = nie Setsi= sie oe ee lee esis eiseeme salutes were ays AMENGOS lsoaboaodsocs RESO COMMIS LP MALE) aereeinseete cee ser aniee ais teres cise eisai ate liscieeciajsine cs 12, 43 4.34 NaBO> (sodium metaborate) --.--------- 62-8. eo een enn (OS) teneliesectaacenco StAeOr sd) 1 (CCALCiiMm: phosphate)! 2.2.55 ace oe oot eae ere eee eis ostereeioee ALTACE || Reece seer NaNOz (sodium nitrate) . 60 21 NaNO, (sodium nitrite) OOD Stans WACHe OA (SOdTUMMpIecaTbOn ate). <4 55.22 escge2 2 -is cie oie Se esiereite ie seeeceetseere . 900 9 1t7/ Mia CHeO,)5) (MAN esi bicCaArbonate))s5 220352 sone eis oe cee leieteie oi cepeicie eo ate 31. 24 10. 91 eagereO).) 5 (Cdl Cium:. b1CAaLDON ALE) o-5-j2 22222 Soemoe sates) se sso -eeeelaeee cs 186. 02 64. 96 Moy (ernieroxdderan cal minim econ ssa ee roe 48 eil7 MnO (Msneang-manzaniciOxide).- 5-45-2222 452 -- sacs eeeenaceceeteaccans: .10 04 On (VED) Bee dced cau ne DEC OD OLE OE ACRE EEG aE ean Eee Geen aera cen ACESS coe ae aonnoas 49. 63 I7GEB) DAB cas ode paceekGEn een a Cet O anne Snon Rene an Tone e RAE Aas SNec aE narseeneas 286. 3632 100 a Small amount. 74 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 43.—Reservoir spring. \ [Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain, in back yard of superintendent’s office. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Temperature on January 3, 1901, was 46.3° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 46.1° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 9.14; oxygen, 3.94; carbon dioxide (free), 8.59; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 28.92; hydrogen sulphide, none. Parts per Formula and name. aMIKGm. TOBY GSHUDKEE) Parca Menno tan nce Spee Coan ECM eno nas Sa SonEE ae SHG oc 43.21 SOM(Sulphurieracidiradicle) ates ee ees eee eee eee eee eee 28. 67 HCO; (bicarboniciacidiradicle) eres ssassasecse eee eee eee ee eee ee INO (nitriciacideradi cle: se sans e peer eee ase eee eee INOsi(Miltrous/acidbragdicle)sssesesesssee cess este e eee Ce eee eee PO, (phosphoric acid radicle) BO, (metaboric acid radicle) - AsO, (arsenic acid radicle) ..........---...- Cli(Chlorine) Mae ee See ee ee OE ETE eae IBTA(OrOMINE) VS se sane ceeeeeee eee ee eee ec Moe eee eer CeEeee Ti Giodime) fess ees ie dee sooteme seine con daetine sae e ne eet MG; Grontanalalumuanwm)) Seen see eee een ne eset eee rose eee eerie Mins (MAN SATVese) ee ese ease ste eee cc cere race seer cease reels (Ga) (Galeium) #37082. S52 Sse oe 2 oe eeee aac maaan Soeneenes Migui(maon esium) os Hoes teerses see econ e eee seer ono ee ieee Ker (POLASSLUMY) oes Seema sate esse ered eco seis oe eee eee eee eeeiee Nai (SOG1Wmn)) SS 58s seis ci se oe Scie ele cron ee EE nena sees LLG UUH ChUb bray) nese ee Sate SA el headin A aT Abyss Arce NE (AamMmMOniWM)) Hoses a sees seen eee OrE eee Per cent of ; Amount of total water used inorganic | for each material in|} determina- solution. tion. CxO} 13. 95 8, 000 9,24 4,000 2 Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Formula and name. NE, Cli(ammoniumichloride) meee -s-een eens ee erence eener eee ceree eee LiCl! (lithium chloride) GF SSG che SoS Soe oe RRR RE See Eas EOE REIS Eee Ee eee KCl (potassium chloride) KBr (potassium bromide) LSI ( (oT RICSTUMN COUN) Se odocasddenssosds ooo cosroseqaasasscaRsassoassacos30055 KS Ox (potassiumysull phate) ee oe cree ee ease eae ae ee Ee ee eee eee eae ee eee NassO;\(Sodium'sulphate)) 22-62. (ccc otc ces cee ne oes eee cee Meee eee ene eee MeSO¢@(magnesiumisulphate) o- eee tree seeee eee e ee eee eee ee eee ees NeiBOs) (Sodiummunetaborate) po eee ae eee eee eee eee eeeeee er eae eee eee eeeee Cas(PO4)o iC calcium phosphate) 2. ca2- soe aecec eee ee eenisee eee ener ee eeee NaNO s(sodiumimitrate) ee ss.cl ese aes eee eee eee RCC C EEE eee eects NaNO, (sodium BiG) SA eA ae eae SARS MMA ard SadGowancet cas Mz:(HCO3)>5\(magnesium' bicarbonate)! =22--4--e-s 2-5 erent ee eee eee nee CaCHCoO;)s(caleiumibicarbonate)iz.--nee eee eee eee ee ene ee eee eee neeeee He (HCO3)s(ferrous'|bicarbonate)is5--e see eeeses ee eeeeeee eee eeeee eee esc eae Mn (HCO3)a\(manzanousibicarbonate) =e. a-s-neeeee ence eee eee eee eee SiQsi(Siliea)) ee Sei ames erect resco eet ie lacie eee eee eter etnias Parts per million. 310. 1050 Per cent of total inorganic material in solution. 100. 00 a Small amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 44.—Liver spring (cold). 75 {Situated on side of Hot Springs Mountain. Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Temperature on January 4, 1901, was 8° C.] Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, 14.36; oxygen, 6.24; carbon dioxide (free), 21.83; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 2.24; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per a of | Amount Of tota water use Formula and name. Farts pes inorganic | for each * Imaterial in} determina- solution. tion. Cie 26 3's (GILNGD)) Sapag been DOSSOCME S BECCA sre es ener 12. 50 34. 29 8, 000 SO, (sulphuric acid radicle) ............... 2.90 6. 86 4, 000 HCOs (bicarbonic acid radicle) 12.10 33.19 100 Mr aoe ACTONTAGICIC) messes oc 2c ne qceees oes Ss clones news ce ceeics 89 2.44 100 NO: paiore CICERO TICLE) bate seston Somat Dacia gos stint aces nisise oe AMEKCR Na Sagdecasuss 100 Ee ipHOsphoric acid TadIGIe) = 522-.-22- sc css 2 ees+ 2 ec eeseecse sees AMUENEES, \loaoadceaoocs 2, 000 PPA HOLA DOLICIACIG TAGIClE) 1-62 co cicteeis seis 212 “leis ic aia -siaieie = se ale (QUE A eon an neces 3, 000 PaSOrA (LESCMI CA CIOULAGICIC) aaiset cease ness -se cane ce seems cticeeessse INAS ||pcadoacsecse 3, 000 l_ (GII@HING)) dc osasahes bebaubanoc eu sen oos Ose Reb Ss aaaseedesereaaeeas 1.83 5. 02 600 ESBUPLEOUIETIC) seine o siecte ce ania oe sie sentra sc Seine cee ce ceiemcrece Me AMEXGES: lSo0gdenonune 5, 400 MOMRYEFCLET C)) erence ae sees coare ee Ses Stein eieln lore Steals clare siainterele oleic rice ane (@) eee | Bees 5, 400 4 ClO HGS yA TTA IN) aes he aye aee e Sea) ais (aynsue cV=A aac | sToteis ayn invasions sinic 384 93 9, 000 Lol, CRETE GTO) Sag Ge dee orcad Sen eans basse Cees Sasso sS Oo SraMeEa ee AUS, Il-oadansesoae 9, 000 Eh (GRIGRIID) sodeadedaseaucasnoSseae es poS Sse SE eeAoce se eenereooEaae 1.89 5.18 2, 000 Se ETT EVE SULT Yor soe ate aia faeaie ce siale on iaie ois ajoieini aise mis wiv zle oie alcie veieeele 1.36 3.73 2,000 a. | TIOWEGSTUIIN)) 3 sea segaesdaces Che Seo se Saree ete aoe ae eerste ater ise 94 2.58 4,000 PRUSORTETIVIN pee mS ea eae eats sees se ce = <(eionee encesisce seit ciele 2.10 5. 76 4,000 MAMBGHUCHLEDTIN eo ee eee na ne esi otseecee cc ce cinects cee sctmebseciec PCE Eerie 4,000 SE Beem (cA THIET OFUEUITIN)) fo seie ec are |S coals wie oie oinlejnicje c/scieicieicinicieie so eeteels HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 45.—Kidney spring (cold). {Situated on side of Hot Springs Mountain. Temperature on January 5, 1901, was 13° C.] Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure).— Nitrogen, 15.30; oxygen, 5.29; carbon dioxide (free) , 28.55; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), 2.24; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per gent of | Amount of tota water used Formula and name. Ears ee inorganic | for each * |materialin | determina- solution. tion. Cuc! STO (Silbleh) ASopsaponbaconesbccheatus naosHcanseecoscasucseccusuuwese 15. 06 34. 40 8, 000 SOM GCulphuri ciacidiradiele) Serene esas ee eee eee a eer aera 2.29 5. 23 4, 000 HC Os (bicarbonicacideradicle)sa==sassaee a= seee nearer 15.14 34, 58 100 INO} (Caullale Ey onl TEGO) a soacccdacccducodseadocoSessocasodenosean .44 il 100 INOy (GauhA owls evenal NGO) a6 oS sqnucousoescacususce soouanueonosuesod UDO ocescasndas 100 ROR (phosphoric acidsradicle) yes. ere e eee eee en eee ene Trace: se ee eee 2,000 BOs (metaboriciacideradicle)is asses ss soe ee eerie ee eee eee (8) =o Re eee 3, 000 INGOs, (Chaser nnKo ExonGlipVOlOls)\< Sayceoud cscacceoocuasdecoodccoeooccusson INOS; locasasscooe- 3, 000 ClE(CHT OVINE) ROIS Ss 2 Spa sect eras ara aaa ee anata 2.00 4.57 600 HBT: (DEOMI) See eS SE ese Ee ee ari tty ayant ayaa pe poem AUREKEES ene oagksose 5, 400 TS (TO CIME) SER AE NOS SR ACCS Mths Utara cy regs a eye iy vot ate ST ra (QD) SaSkea se eee 5, 400 ay Giron and alumintim yo s “ores a ihe eae Se a ale 34 78 9,000 Mims (MAT ATESE) erie Sees Ne 2 eee eevee eye eta a) ota efer etre fer apne Traces.|3: ssc acceeee 9, 000 (OER Ceres tbh ea) Maas ane aria wars Aarmee a Rt AGSS EH SEH aAeuecmds a5obe 3.79 8. 66 2, 000 Mibu (minor Osim) ea ao Weenie aac SINE 2 Nieves seeps areca ater er 1.45 3.31 2,000 Kei(pO bassin See ea Gia aes ie Slea ie eras NINE Aran Meena aereetey se eS orate 1.02 2530 4, 000 Nas (SOC) ee aes eg Sastre a ct ce stare Seat nearness acer 2. 23 5. 09 4,000 sta (Ubi oy Db 00) ep eae taere Reine oat Nie ec oe en ie HG ine ae reo gs TAC. | sah se ewes 4, 000 INSEL (QI TN O MDT) epee ON eareeehe arsed avererens cers mecieraerrel epee ores terete aia 021 05 500 MO) ee ea nso ce eS RR Sra ae Fa SRC ER SU a Por ae sh 43.7817 100 Cas) eae PotalssowMas rss Us Hse 3 reas sere is Harem pee a yal care seas eee Ao eRe yeeros 200 AU DUM OLEAN ONTA ses ee ee eee eee eee eae ee eevee ee S016): | chase aaa 500 ORY SCT TECUITE MAS sas Eas re re a tre mor aye ere aeeveraral Shatcy tetera ye Acs)! We SAB eoeceaoe 200 aSmall amount. bHeavy trace. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Se eeer cent of tota Formula and name. Farts a inorganic * Imaterial in solution. INE, Cli(ammoniumichlorige) sf jsssacessceeece eas eeeree ee neeen eee eee eee eee 0. 062 0.14 hCii@ithiumechloride) syse84 42s sos Ge acisis ae seine se a sa etna shee oaiaare Siete eae eee UMEXE, |osossceasdc KC (potassiumechilonide)eiss=eecses escisse ae esse eee ee eee ere ee Sere 1.94 4. 36 NaCl (sodium: CHIOnide) ss hsers ae aes eine ee is eS ee eee nae eee ee 12, 3. 86 KBE! ( potassium bromide) iss 5 see sae soe cera ee eee eee eee ee ee TAC eae a eee KG (potassium odide) sce 5225 asec ee poses canes oe ese eee see eee ee (2) Us sae oes Nass On (Sodiumysull plaiie) ees saa ese se ras re stay sree eee ynray eee ee e 3.39 7.61 INaiB Osi (Sodiumieme tab orate) ps sacs ere eee eels oe ee ee (D) 0 Pa sei aee eee Cas (POs)s) (Calciumiphosphate) assesses ones ase s ee eee eens e eaten Sarees MUENCC ocasecosese NaNO: (SOdiuminitrate) Peis hates scok sacs han scee ee ae meh eee cee aerate - 60 1.35 NaNOs (Ssodiuminitrite) oss 265 i esre pases sa se cece se esas eae eee ere $0010) | Ree sete Nal (HCO) = (Sodiumibicarbonate))s-.-s-sss- ce eee sees en cee ee eee eee 1.05 2.36 Me (HCO:)p (magnesium bicarbonate) ieee. a9. eees-e essen ne ce eere reece 8.73 19.61 Ca(HiCO3)oi(calciumsbi carbonate) pe msce nec aee see e eee en oe een eee eee 9. 43 21.18 Mn GHC Os)>oi(mangzanous bicarbonate)! aas-seese cece recesee ee eee eee eee Trace: 2 aeaseeeee ee een (ferric oxideiand alumina) ¢. 0.53.0) 25-2 bel ee es .49 1.10 CaSiO; (Calciumisilicate)eessen ces she one seen ee ee 4,25 9.55 SiO; (Silical) ese Vas seed! sot ac ses e eee ane eee eee SRSA EOS See eee eee eee 12. 86 28.88 Totalms nie) eee enc Sets Le ees LES SMR Cee eee ee ener 44, 5231 100 a Heavy trace. bSmall amount. HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. No. 46.—Fordyce spring. [Situated at base of Hot Springs Mountain. Temperature on January 6, 1901, was 51.5° C., and on January 8, 1901, was 51.5° C.| 17 Sample for mineral analysis taken May 19, 1901. Gases (number of cubic centimeters per liter at 0° C. and 760 mm. pressure ).— Nitrogen, not determined; oxygen, not determined; carbon dioxide (free), not deter- mined; carbon dioxide (set free from bicarbonates on evaporating to dryness), not determined; hydrogen sulphide, none. Per gent of | Amount oh une tota water use Formula and name. BarteDer inorganic | for each * |materiaiin, determina- solution. tion. ie CHC Sit, (hiliten)) accuse dk edaeend neacueseceon seaeeass SceScrasseeeeeeeae 49.16 17. 26 8, 000 Sea Sul phumicacidenadiCle) ean << shea siserec ocala ae Sina cisiei ole cieiace 8. 21 2. 88 4, 000 EO a (DICALpOMeaCidsraGiGle) joss. - se = leeeee a5 ieee ee see 166. 50 58. 47 100 LO (HMTEIO RONG FENG HO) Se aa see euren pasa nee See scsoneet eer oeenee CE) IR SEIS Ss USO EUS ali sea A eae NO; paTtrous ACIOETAGLGIO) I 2 - sete eile eis Seco eee La ose teae stata eae (Cialis) Serene aes etee Se mene ate Eira (PHOSphoOriciacid Tadic] e) <2 5-522... Small amount. HYPOTHETICAL FORM OF COMBINATION. Per cent of ‘ ie total Formula and name. Bae ee inorganic * |materialin solution, MEI Olan (MM OMEUMNCHILOTIMe) Oe ees eae ee Cae c a on eases eee ee ose eis (2S Sere eee LICH (IMGT Te NOG) se aor ceSessecesonorade see so0cespesee ueBpasaaseeanaancnen races | Reresee eects REC HOLASSIUTY COOLIO GC)! emcee bene mate heise Secs Bee ASE BES Come seme 2599) 1.05 AOU (SodiiMi Chloride) ia. sas sas soe sn ieee hee acnereeiio ae ee ee ae auens on semen 178 . 68 AETa GUO LASSEN DEOMI SG) i wey Sia ie ae mcielsis are cielo eps sieeia tee mete mia siete cee cates Dracert| See eee MISCO LASSEN TOC CLE) bao ee ae eect: eee eine teen Re NR RE eee ay IPTACES RA Uae RMT eS Sera (SOMTUMNSILp Nate) ist ee ope See ee ao seee ane desman ana aus enema 12.15 4, 22 MAB On (soditinm metaborate). m2 seta) tases sels sen ceo tele een eeee Ree eee (DY Sie | ees eae CAAGEO al (CALCIUM DHOSPHAte) mk saem see ee ae een cisce stele Soest e sees 04 oll) Las Op (GOUT IN BS) haere oe SSE aO SE Ereme SebEe ce car aaer aoe re ae Ee aSbecea see oe (C2) Ii Mer ae BEIM (SOCMUMUIMNICTIVC)/S55-2- osisins ae eee sceieen ee nigetiricsta ice yasseemeeumentbeee (EE ear ee NACHe G7) (Sodiuny DicarbOnate))<-5-/2 css eecewcls sacle soe Sos seejso cece sacice cc ce 2. 26 ah) Me GHCO,) pi (maomesium DICArDONAte) 2222.2 22222 ese ee bee eee ees ons ceeeneeee 30. 46 10. 70 MECC. 2) (Callin DICALDOMALE) ar cbe eee) 2 soe celta eemenine sere asec ene 184. 60 64. 81 BENGE CO2)>\(manganous bicarbonate)... 222.5. s seeker se sence see sece - 68 24 aro @ermicoxidemand:-alumima) see ee ee ack een «oes ah cietace ase iae secs SONY 10 Say (GUNG acer Be eee aes eta es en eel ae Nea Co er 49.16 M27 BR pet less eee etl an aie cane Bi eS aie Se Sas a BES ee coe Soe es cet 284, 89 100 2 Not determined. bSmall amount. 78 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS OF ANALYSIS. On looking over the results of analysis of the various hot springs it will be seen that the total mineral matter in solution is very nearly the same in all except springs 12, 20, 27, and 43. Spring 12 is nearly cold, and contains only 170.1 parts of mineral matter per million; spring 20 contains _only 231 parts of mineral matter per million: spring 27 only 258.7 parts of mineral matter per million, while spring 43 contains the relatively large amount of 310 parts of mineral matter per million. The average amount in all the springs is between 275 and 280 parts per million; seldom falling below 270 parts per million or going above 290 parts ‘per million. As to the percentage composition of the mineral matter in each hot spring the results are very much the same, except in springs 12, 27, 37, 41, and 43. Spring 12 has a higher percentage of silica and sulphuric acid than the average, and a lower percentage of bicarbonic acid and calcium; spring 27, a higher percentage of silica and a lower percent- age of bicarbonic acid and calcium; springs 37 and 41, a higher per- centage of sulphuric acid; and spring 43 a lower percentage of silica, bicarbonic acid, and magnesium, and a much higher percentage of sulphuric acid, potassium, and sodium. Although the springs men- tioned above vary to some extent from the other springs in the amount and composition of their mineral matter contained in solution, this variation is not enough, in the author’s opinion, to make any differ- ence in their medicinal value except in the cases of springs 12 and 43, the first of which is markedly weaker in medicinal constituents than the other springs, and the second of which has much more of those salts present which have a laxative effect. From what has already been said, combined with the analyses of these waters, it will at once be seen why they have been used with such excellent results in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, syphilis, ete. We may sum up under four heads: (1) The waters are hot, and consequently possess the medicinal value of all thermal waters, i. e., when used as a bath, in the ordinary man- ner followed in such cases, they stimulate the flow of sweat and urine, and thus give the system a thorough washing out each day. In this manner uric acid and syphilitic poisons are removed from the body. Mercury and other metallic poisons are also removed, in consequence of which much larger doses of mercury can be given to the patient than would otherwise be possible. (2) These waters contain iodides and bromides,* which, although present only in traces, undoubtedly have a marked alterative effect on the system, and form soluble compounds with the salts of mercury, thus aiding in their elimination from the system. (3) The presence of lithium in these waters, even though in traces, very likely accounts, to some extent, for the removal of some of the uric acid from the system, and the consequent improvement in the condition of rheumatic and gouty persons. (4) All of these springs contain quite large amounts of calcium and magnesium bicarbonates. The calcium and magnesium salts of uric acid are much more soluble than the uric acid itself. Taking these two facts into consideration, it seems plausible to assume that a great — deal of the curative effects of these waters is due to the formation of — the more soluble compounds, calcium and magnesium urate, which can more easily be eliminated from the system than the uric acid itself. *See Mineral Waters of the United States, by J. K. Crook, p. 42. i GEOLOGICAL SKETCH OF THE HOT SPRINGS DISTRICT, ARKANSAS. By WALTER HARVEY WEED, Geologist, United States Geological Survey. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION. The Hot Springs of Arkansas are situated in the geographical center of the State, 50 miles distant from Little Rock, and about 75 miles east of the Indian Territory line. A city of about 60,000 inhabitants has been built up about the Hot Springs and the place is a resort fora large number of visitors from all parts of the Union. The locality is accessible by two railway lines which connect with the Iron Mountain Railway and the Choctaw route, running through cars from the large cities of the country. The location is 600 feet above sea level and lies at the easterly base of the mountain complex known as the ‘* Ouchita Range,” the nearby peaks of which are oftentimes called the ‘* Ozark Range,” although that name really applies to the mountains in the northern part of Arkansas and the southern part of Missouri. HISTORICAL NOTES. The Arkansas Hot Springs have been known since the early settle- ment of Louisiana. Although it is only a legend that they were vis- ited by De Soto on his trip to the Mississippi, there is no doubt that they were used by the Indians before the advent of Columbus, as abun- dant evidence was found in early days that the Indians quarried the dense rocks near the Hot Springs for arrowheads and spearheads and utilized the spring waters for bathing. In 1804 two members of the Lewis and Clarke exploring expedition visited the place and found that white visitors had already used the waters for bathing. In 1818 the lands on which the springs are located were ceded to the General Government by the Quapaw Indians and became afterwards a part of the Territory of Arkansas. The ground about the springs was located by various claimants before the organi- zation of the Territory of Arkansas, but by act of Congress the springs and the ground about them were reserved in 1834 for the United States Government, thus making the first national park reservation of the country. Owing to the claims made by various parties toa private ownership of the springs they remained in the possession of such claimants until the United States Supreme Court decided in favor of the Government in 1877. 19 80 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. The act of Congress of March 3, 1877, provided for the appointmen ; by the President of three commissioners, whose duties are defined by said act as follows: Sec. 3. That it shall be the duty of said commissioners, after examination of the topography of the reservation, to lay out into convenient squares, blocks, lots, avenues, streets, and alleys, the lines of which shall correspond with the existing boundary lines of occupants of said reservation as near as may be consistent with the interests of the United States, the following described lands, to wit: The south half of section twenty-eight, the south half of section twenty-nine, all of sections thirty- two and thirty-three, in township two south and range nineteen west; and the north half of section four, the north half of section five, in township three south and range nineteen west, situate in the county of Garland and State of Arkansas, and known as the Hot Springs Reservation. ESOS: Sec. 4. That before making any subdivision of said lands, as described in the preceding section, it shall be the duty of said board of commissioners, under the direction and subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Interior, to designate a tract of land included in one boundary, sufficient in extent to include, and which shall include, all the hot or warm springs situate on the lands aforesaid, to embrace, as near as may be, what is known as Hot Springs Mountain, and the same is hereby reserved from sale, and shall remain under the charge of a superintendent, to be appointed by the Secretary of the Interior: Provided, however, That nothing in this section shall prevent the Secretary of the Interior from fixing a special tax on water taken from said springs, sufficient to pay for the protection and necessary improye- ment of the same. In the year mentioned a Commission was appointed and recommended a permanent plan of improvement. Under that plan the land not needed for permanent reservation was platted in streets and alleys, and lots were assigned to various individuals. The original reserva- tion consisted of 2,529 acres, of which 700 acres were awarded to indi- viduals for business and residence purposes, 358 acres were used for streets and alleys, and 570 acres were platted in town lots reserved for future disposal. In 1876 the town of Hot Springs was incorporated, and in 1881 the General Government donated to the city the ground platted for streets and alleys. The Congressional enactment of June 16, 1880, provided as follows: Sec. 3. That those divisions of the Hot Springs Reservation, known as the moun- tainous districts, not divided by streets on the maps made by the commissioners, but known and defined on the map and in the report of the commissioners as North Mountain, West Mountain, and Sugar Loaf Mountain, be, and the same are hereby, forever reserved from sale, and dedicated to public use as parks, to be known, with Hot Springs Mountain, as the permanent reservation. : Under these two acts the mountains adjacent to the springs are per- manently reserved for parks, the hot waters are piped to various bath houses, and the supply is under the control of a superintendent of the Hot Springs Reservation, appointed by the Secretary of the Inte-— rior. The regulations now prescribed by that Department provide for a rental of land used by various individuals and for the payment of $30 per year for each tub used by bathing establishments. The income is used for the payment of administrative expenses, for the maintenance of a free bath house, for the building of roads and path- ways on the mountains back of the springs and the adjacent mountains, and for gardening. The receipts amount to about $18,000 per year. The superintendent is charged, under the supervision of the Secretary of the Interior, with the care of the entire reservation as well as its pro- tection and improvement. It is therefore policed and improved by the Department. The results achieved by this wise system speak for them- 5 ee *HLNOS ONIMOOT ‘SVSNVYYV JO SONIYdS LOH AHL 4O MGIlA ‘| alwid HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 31 selves; beautiful driveways, picturesque walks, and fine flower beds add their charm to the natural beauty of the place, and the present aspect bears but a slight resemblance to the scene shown in the accompany- ing illustration, Plate I, which represents the springs as they appeared in 1836. RELATION OF HOT SPRINGS DISTRICT TO REST OF THE STATE. Central Arkansas consists of a low-lying, nearly level eastern por- tion, and a western hilly or mountainous region. The first region extends from the Mississippi River westward to Little Rock, Benton, and Malvern. The hilly country of the Ouachita Mountain system begins just west of the Iron Mountain Railroad, where it has a width of 36 miles, and extends westward, gradually narrowing as it approaches the Indian Territory. The eastern level country is part of the Tertiary Mississippi Valley region. The western hilly country consists of a cen- tral complex of hills, flanked by sharp spurs and ridges, which extend outward into a much lower country of slight relief. This hilly coun- try, is dignified by the name of the ‘‘Ouachita Mountain system,” the ridges rising gradually in elevation westward. Near the Indian Territory line the general level of the intermontane plain is 1,000 feet above tide and the crests of some of the ridges attain elevations above 2,500 feet. Near Hot Springs the mountain area seldom attains an elevation of more than 1,200 feet above the sea, or 600 feet above the surrounding country, yet, when seen from the lower country about it, the hills rise so abruptly that they appear to deserve their desig- nation. The mountains near the Hot Springs are particularly im- pressive, and the local summits have received special designations, as *“*West Mountain,” ‘‘ Indian Mountain,” ete. These mountains have been grouped together by some writers under the name of the ‘‘ Ozark system,” but they have been more fittingly christened the ** Zigzag” Range by Professor Branner, of the State geological survey. This range has an extreme length of 25 miles and a width of 6 to 8 miles. The general trend of the ridges is almost at right angles to the system. These ridges are narrow and sharp, with a height of 500 to 600 feet, and they are particularly numerous in the vicinity of the Hot Springs. TOPOGRAPHY. The Hot Springs are situated in a valley between two wooded, rocky ridges known as ‘*‘ West Mountain” and ‘‘ Hot Springs Moun- tain.” The water issues from vents in theeold and gray hot-spring deposit, or tufa, that covers the basal slopes of Hot Springs Moun- tain east of Hot Springs Creek. This location is on the outer border of the mountain system. To the east the country falls away gently to the Ouachita River, and the city of Hot Springs has been built partly in the ravine and the intermontane basin to the north and partly in the eroded plateau lying south of the springs and outside of the mountain area. The mountain slopes are rocky, and are often ribbed with abrupt cliffs and rugged ledges with extensive slopes of talus. They are generally thickly mantled with a heavy forest growth of oak, pine, chestnut, and other common forest trees, and they support a more or less abundant undergrowth. The ravines are generally S. Doe. 282——6 82 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. narrow and the streams swift running, but good exposures of the underlying rocks are seldom seen, owing to the thick forest that covers the slopes. There is an evident relation between the hard rocks and the hills and between the softer rocks and the valleys, although the streams do not accord with any definite geological structure, but flow in synclines, in eroded anticlines, and across the strike of the beds as well. Several gaps indicate old and now abandoned stream courses and show a prolonged period of adjustment, in which the streams shifted several times before reaching their present position. Although the springs are on the borders of these mountains this location is not wholly outside of the mountain area, since the Trapp Mountain Range lies south of the Ouachita River, so that the springs are on the north side of a synclinal basin that forms an embayment between the main Ouachita system and a small east-and-west spur on the south. The region is well watered and well drained. Ir ‘he immediate vicinity of Hot Springs the Hot Springs Creek and Gulpha Creek, both of which flow into the Ouachita River, drain the entire region, the former stream flowing due south and reaching the river 4 miles below the city. The lower country near the springs, upon which a considerable part of the city is built, is a dissected plain in which broad plateau levels alternate with shallow drainage courses tbat are tributary to Hot Springs Creek. The climate of the region is a miid one, lacking both the extreme heat of summer and the cold of winter. In the summer months the air is tempered by the breezes from the mountains, «nd in winter the average temperature is very slightly below that which prevails at New Orleans and other Southern cities. Flowers and shrubs of semitropical character grow in the open air, but the occasional frosts of winter are so sharp that a strictly semitropical vegetation will] not exist. ROCKS OF THE DISTRICT. The rocks seen about the Hot Springs are chiefly of sedimentary origin and were formed beneath the waters of a Paleozoic sea. They occur in well-defined formations, which were folded when the moun- tains of the region were formed by the compressive stresses of earth movements, and these folds have subsequently been eroded by ordinary atmospheric agencies. These rocks are cut by a few narrow, insig- nificant dikes of igneous rock, which are supposedly connected with the large masses of granite and other igneous rocks now seen at Magnet Cove and Potash Sulphur Springs. In addition to the rocks mentioned there is a considerable area of dark-gray and porous tra- vertine, or calcareous tufa, formed by the Hot Springs. The sedimentary rocks seen in the vicinity of the Hot Springs con- sist of shales, sandstones, a few beds of impure limestone, and the rock called novaculite. This last-named rock, of which the well-known Arkansas whetstones are made, is the most conspicuous and important rockin the locality. It is the typical rock of central Arkansas, and, though found over a large area, the material pure enough to be used for whetstones is confined to the vicinity of the Hot Springs. It is this rock that has, by reason of its hardness and its resistance to erosion, made the mountains about the springs, and it forms the cliffs and prominent ledges seen in the district. The bedded rocks form a series “HLNOS ONIMOOT ‘ANNSAV TVYLNAD SO MGIA HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 83 shown in the following table, in which the youngest beds are placed at the top of the column and the oldest strata at the bottom. Geological age. prlckness Character of rock. Feet. plant remains, red and yellow colored when altered. Sandstone, impure and clayey, with softer layers alternat- ing with softer material. 250 | Quartzose sandstones, passing at times into conglomerates and well exposed along the basal slopes of Hot Springs Mountain. BOWER olluTIan:: 3s. 55. - S25. 12 | Novaculite breecia. 5 | Impure novaculite, with iron and manganese. 100 | Novaculite in thick and thin beds, with some layers of sili- ceous shales. 75 | Sandstone passing into novaculite. 38 | Shale, siliceous, and passing into novaculite.‘ 200 | Massive novaculite, from which whetstone is taken. 230 | Shale, siliceous, with thin layers of novaculite. Impure novaculite. : 200 Shales, red and green and gray, with'siliceous layers. - Shales, black, and carrying fossil remains (graptolites). Limestone, thinly bedded, blue, aud generally argillaceous. 200 | Sandstones. Shales; gray or black graphitic shales with fragments of Carboniferous ..........-.--- 200. The rock structure.—Near the Hot Springs these rocks have been compressed into great folds which now form the mountains, and this compression is so great that the folds have becn pushed over, or over- turned, and in the gorge of Hot Springs Creek the section now exposed shows the younger beds resting beneath the older ones. In addition to this there has been some faulting in Indian Mountain, by which an overthrust has pushed up the older beds over younger ones. For this reason the section, as given above, is not always easily made out, but it can be seen in the slopes of West Mountain, although, as will be noted there, the younger beds lie below the older and the rocks have a dip of from 25° to 70°. The Carboniferous shales, which are the youngest rocks of the district, are well exposed on Malvern avenue near the Park Hotel, where the olive-colored, sandy shales have been found to contain plant stems and fragments of fern fronds. The shales are rarely indurated enough to form slates, though a few quarries have been opened in them and slate of a poor quality extracted. Where the shales are slightly altered they are sometimes valuable for brick and terra-cotta burning, though most of the clay used for that purpose is derived from the disintegrated material washed into the creek bottoms. The sandstones are of variable texture andcomposition. The coarser- grained rocks are nearly pure quartzose sand, but the intermediate beds are quite clayey. The chief sandstone horizon seen at the springs is the one lying just above the novaculites, and this rock is the one which is so prominent on Hot Springs Mountain and West Mountain. The novaculites are the most interesting rocks of the region. They consi:t of nearly pure silica, containing less than one-half of 1 per cent of other material. The rock is very dense, homogeneous, of a cream or white color, and fine grained, resembling in appearance the finest Carrara marble. These rocks are used for whetstones, the finer- grained form being called Arkansas stone and the coarser-grained rock the Ouachita stone. This material has a marked conchoidal fracture 84 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. and resembles chert in its general appearance, although, as will be shown later, this appearance is purely a superficial one and the mate- rial differs markedly from chert in its origin and composition. Although brittle and lacking the toughness of chert, it was exten- sively used by the Indians, who quarried it by building fires upon the outcrops until the stones were heated and then quenching the fire with water, thus chilling the rock and causing it to split and spall into frag- ments which were easily removed. In this condition it was readily chipped by the use of round stone hammers, great quantities of which have been found by the early settlers and which the writer has seen at some of the more remote quarries. The rock is finely jointed, and in quarry faces this jointing is more conspicuous than the bedding planes. These phenomena may be well observed in almost any of the excava- tions seen along the main street above the Government reservation. The finer-grained material seldom forms good outcrops, because of this jointing and also because the rock contains a small amount of water, which, when frozen during the frosts of winter, shatters the stone and covers the outcrop with fine débris. This débris is extensively used as a road material, and wherever applied forms a most excellent surface. The novaculite formation is from 500 to 600 feet in thickness, which includes some flinty shales, some soft shales, and some sandstones. The novaculites proper are prominent members of this formation and occur in beds a few inches to 12.0r 15 feet thick. When these beds are less than 4 inches thick the rocks lose the novaculite character, and are more like flinty shales. When examined under the microscope the rock is found to present a very uniform appearance, and to consist of extremely minute interlocking grains of cryptocrystalline silica. Chemical tests show that this silica is quartz and not amorphous silica. Thin sections also disclose the presence of numerous cavities in the rock quarried for whetstones. These cavities have been found to present a rhomboidal outline, and they correspond in form and position to included patches of calcite found in the same rock where the bed passes heneath the creek levels. It has been assumed that these cavities are formed by the dissolution and removal of the calcite, and as the material from beneath the water level is of slight value as a whetstone, it has been reasoned that the abrasive qualities of the Arkansas stone are due to the presence of these calcite cavities. The origin of the rock has been the subject of considerable speculation from the earliest times to the present. It has been commonly asserted that it is a very fine-grained sandstone, which has been indurated and altered by hot-spring action. This explanation is not adequate, however, since the same beds are exposed on the flanks of the Ouachita Mountain system for a total length of several hundred miles. Moreover, the character of the grains does not permit of the assumption that they were originally rounded and that the spaces between have been filled by secondary deposition of silica, as is commonly the case with many quartzites. The writer’s belief is that the evidence supports the opinion that the rocks were formed as a chemical precipitate in the deep seas of a Silurian ocean, and that comparatively little alteration beyond induration has taken place. Such a theory seems to accord very well with the chemical and physical nature of the rock and with the facts now known in regard to the origin of some of the early geological sediments. “NOILVAYASAY SONIYdS LOH OL JONVYLN]A NIVW LV NOIIAVd i ci “Wt ALVA St IID LOH NO MOY 3SNOH-HLVE GNV 1T3LOH NOLONITYVY DNIMOHS ‘HLNOS ONIMOOT ‘ANNZAV TIWYLNAD ‘“SONIYdS LOH ‘Al aLW1d HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 85 IGNEOUS ROCKS. Besides the sedimentary rocks just noted there are four narrow dikes of igneous rock about one-half mile south of the mountain borders and near the city limits. These rocks are dark-colored mica traps, a form of rock called ‘‘ ouchatite.” They are chiefly interesting because they show that there was some deep-seated body of molten material from which the dike fissures were supplied. Small dikes are found north - of the city, east of the city, and in considerable abundance about Pot- ash Sulphur Springs and at Magnet Cove. These dikes have a gener- ally ESE.-WNW. direction, showing that the fissures are parallel to the mountain sides. They are from 1 to 4 feet wide and are gener- ally much altered, so that the outcrop is inconspicuous, or is covered by vegetation, and when the rock is broken black mica in small flakes is the only mineral seen. FOSSILS. The age of the sedimentary rocks is determined by the fossil remains found in them. The black shales which underlie the novaculites contain remains of a curious hydrozoa. These fossil remains are known as graptolites, and the forms identified at the Hot Springs belong to the upper part of the Lower Silurian age (Trenton and Utica). New types of these fossils peculiar to the Hot Springs are illustrated in the Noyaculite report issued by the Arkansas geological survey. Besides these curious forms, a few shell remains (brachiopods and lamellibranchs), corals, and worm trails have been found. The grap- tolites occur on the north side of the hill on a small stream drainage on the west side of the continuation of Park avenue. They are also seen in a very black shale forming the bluff on the west side of Park avenue above the Hotel Hay and below the Barnes House. Similar fossils also occur on Whitington avenue, one-fourth of a mile above the head of Central avenue, at a point where the creek crosses the street. Plant remains of Lower Carboniferous age have been found in the shales exposed in the excavation for a cellar on the western side of Malvern avenue, 100 feet north of the Park Hotel. The shales are varicolored, brown, red, gray, and black, but the fossils occur in the olive-colored, sandy shales. Similar fossils were also found in Ouach- ita avenue at the Hot Springs. OCCURRENCE OF THE HOT SPRINGS. The hot waters issue from the base and lower portion of the slopes east of the valley. This area is a narrow strip, a few hundred feet wide, and a quarter of amile long. In its general aspect this area is dis- tinguished from the rest of the mountain by its patches of barren gray tufa, the old hot-spring deposit, and the absence of forest growth. From the descriptions given by earlier writers, it is evident that this difference in appearance and vegetation was formerly very marked. To-day the springs are all covered, and mostly concealed beneath turf and shrub- bery. The old tufa deposit is in large part covered by soil and plants. The creek is arched over and sidewalks and roadways are built on it. The space between creek and hillside is covered by the bathing establish- ments, which, in many instances, are built directly over large springs. 86 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. The landscape gardener has modified the old slopes, filled up the gullies, and built roads and footpaths, until the hot-spring area is a beautiful park and a fitting setting for the springs. The great contrast between the present appearance of this area and that of a half century ago is shown by a comparison of the sketch made by Prof. David D. Owen, State geologist, in 1859, which is reproduced in Plate I, and the present aspect, shown in Plate II and the frontispiece. The diagram accompanying this report, Plate [X, shows the location of the hot springs with reference to the buildings on the reservation. The numbers on this map correspond to those given in the table of analy- ses. Professor Owen’s sketch map is also reproduced for comparison. The topography of the district is shown in Plate X, which is part of a general sheet prepared by the United States Geological Survey. This shows that the springs occur at the southwest end or ‘‘ nose” of Hot Springs Mountain. There is nothing unusual or remarkable in this topographic position, for it accords with that of many other springs of the region—as, for example, Bonanza Springs and Big Chalybeate of the plate. It is difficult for the average visitor of to-day to form an idea of the natural appearance of the springs. The larger springs formerly issued abruptly from the tufa slopes and did not possess the bowls and basins seen at the Mammoth Hot Springs of the Yellowstone. An artificial cutting made into the mound of the Cave spring (Plate V) shows a sec- tion of the hot-spring deposit, and if the door be opened the waters will be seen flowing into the basin cut to collect them, and depositing creamy alabaster-like tufa, and the brilliant emerald-green tufa, whose color is due to the growth of hot-water alge. Many of the smaller springs are mere oozes, with no well-defined channel. A considerable number of these are gathered into one reservoir at the base of the tufa bluff between the Arlington Hotel and the Superior Bath House. Another spring is seen near the Hale Bath House, where it issues from a cavity in the tufa and flows into the basin seen in Plate VI. There is a con- stant flow from the tufa wali back of this masonry pate forming the dripping spring, where thousands of visitors daily drink hot water direct from the rock. At this place also the green algous growth may be seen. Owing to artificial protection given the springs, but few notes could be taken of their present appearance, and these are recorded in the following table: (*) TABLE OF HOT SPRINGS. 1. Egg spring.—Arched over and coyered by soil and grass. Water about 8 feet below surface of ground. 2. Arsenic.—Under cover of Arlington Hotel. 3. Arlington spring.—Spring issues from between rock ledges. Water level 7 feet below ground. Spring hes beneath gentle grassy slope. 4. Cliff spring.—Outflow from base of tufa cliff back of Arlington Hotel. Spring arched over and can not be seen. 5. Avenue spring.—This spring is covered by an arch that is above ground. Out-- flow resulted from excayations and spring is not on the old maps. 6. Bath House spring.—In rear of Arlington Bath House. Outflow arched over and runs into tank to south. (1) The numbers and some of the names of these springs were given by Mr. J. K. Haywood and Mr. Martin Eisele, superintendent of the reservation. ee ee ‘pwoy ATddng uo.surpry uo sdojis Jo pRoy iW UdZBL «ONINdS SAVO,, DNIMOHS ‘1LSV3 ONINMOOT *A ALWId *MO139 ONIYdS 31IVWH GSSOTONI GNV GSYNOgaS AHL GNV 44N18 VANL ODNIMOHS ‘LSV3 ONIMOOT ‘ONINdS DNiddlyd ‘IA aLv1d HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 87 ?. Imperial spring.—This spring is the result of sinking a hole to develop hot water in 1892. It lies beneath the lawn near No. 5. &. Crystal spring.—This spring is now nearly dead. It is covered by a rustic stone arch open on the west. 9. Rector spring.—Outflow from base of tufa cliffs south of Arlington Hotel. Is now covered by long arch and tank. 10. Cave spring.—The mound about this spring has been dissected by an open cut 5 feet wide extending from the border to the center. The spring is inclosed in masonry and closed bya adoor. The best example ofrecent tuta formation is seen here. 11. Little Tron.—Is one of a cluster of three or more seepages and outflows gathered into the long narrow reservoir built against the base of the tufa bluff south of and adjacent to the Arlington Hotel. 12. Little Geyser.—A very small spring, arched over and lying 12 feet beneath the roadway. Tee Liitle Tron south.—An undercliff seepage collected in same reservoir as No. 11. 14. Ral spring. i i i well as No. 12, lost most of its outflow when spring No. 16 was deepened. - 15. Big Iron spring.—Not visible. Comes from under bottom of tufa cliff 5 to 6 feet below the present surface of the ground. oe Imperial spring south.—This was developed by digging in search of a new source oi water. 17. Arsenic spring north.—Bricked up and not seen; lies at base of tufa cliff. 18. Hitchcock spring.—Water level 11 to 12 feet below surface of grassy flat south of Arlington Hotel. Inclosed in masonry, with wooden manhole. 19. Sumpter spring.—Completely inclosed and not visible. 20. Superior spring north.—Inclosed and not to be seen. Occurs beside sandstone outcrop. 21. Alum spring.—Ten feet beneath sidewalk, but accessible by stairway. Inclosed in partition. 22. Superior spring south.—Spring vaulted and covered by earth. Lies at end of sandstone reef. 23. Twin spring north.—Vaulted over and concealed beneath road; 6 feet down to water. 24. Twin spring south.—Vaulted over and concealed beneath road; 6 feet down to water. 25. Old Hale spring.—Under floor of Hale Bath House. 26. Palace spring.—Concealed. Lies at border of wagon road back of the Dripping spring. OO Diinnal spring.—Arched over by white novaculite masonry structure. 28. Maurice spring.—Arched over by white novaculite masonry structure. 29. Dripping spring.—This is the only spring from which public can get water directly. It drops from freshly deposited tufa, colored green by hot-water algze. 80. Arch spring.—Outflow escapes into the creek spring 14 feet beneath the lawn in front of the southwest corner of Hale Bath House. 31. Haywood spring.—Two small outflows covered up by one arch. They lie on the northeast side of the wagon road and on the east side of the rock gully. 32. Noble spring.—Covered by white novaculite building standing above ground. 33. Lamar spring.—Covered by white novaculite building standing above ground. 34. Wiley spring.—Covered by white noyaculite building, but outflows really from beneath the wagon road. 35. Harding spring.—Seepages (yet to be developed) from base of retaining wall of road back of northeast corner of Palace Bath House. 36. Eisele spring.—This spring does not flow when water is pumped from the well on the military reservation. 37. Stevens spring.—This was developed in digging foundations for the retaining wall of the wagon road. ‘The water is piped to a drinking fountain. 38. Horseshoe spring.—F lows from under floor of Horseshoe Bath House. 39. Army and Navy spring.—Now covered up by soil and turi. 40. W. J. Little spring.—¥ine small seepage beneath road. 41. Mud spring.—Under coal bin of Free Bath House. 42. Magnesia spring.—Inaccessible; beneath bath house. 3. Reservoir.—Twenty feet beneath concrete paving back of superintendent’s office. 44. Liver spring.—Cold-water spring. 45. Kidney spring.—Cold-water spring. 46. Fordyce spring.—Under Palace Bath House. 47. New spring.—Developed by sinking pipe in ground near No. 5. 48. New spring.—Developed by digging well near No. 2. e)) 88 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. HOT SPRING TUFA DEPOSIT. As already noted, the hot-spring area is characterized by a deposit of calcareous tufa, or travertine, formed by the hot waters, and cover- ing not only a large part of the mountain slope about the existing hot springs, but also extending westward to the Happy Hollow ravine and occurring far above any existing springs in the slope above the band stand (Plate III). Tufa deposits are common about both hot and cold water springs whose waters carry carbonate of lime insolution. This material is precipitated when the carbon dioxide of the waters escapes upon exposure of the water to the atmosphere. At the Arkansas Hot Springs a very small amount of carbonate of lime is held in the waters, yet it is sufficient to coat the hot-water pipes and to fill wooden troughs used to conduct the waters. In the Cave spring and at the Dripping spring (Plate VI) the tufa may be seen now forming. It is therefore not certain that the waters which formed the great tufa deposits o£ the place were any richer in lime carbonates than those of to-day. This tufa is seen in its natural state at many places about the springs, but is particularly well seen at the Cave spring back of the Arlington Hotel. It is of a gray color and porous texture on the surface, but when quar- ried is pure white, compact, and crystalline. The steps shown in Plate VII are cut in it and the porous texture is seen in the fragments on edge alongside. This tufa consists almost wholly of carbonate of lime, carrying very small and varying amounts of manganese (oxide) and iron oxide. The manganese is frequently prominent as a black powder, or occurs in blackish layers through the rock. The analysis made for Owen in 1859 of the material deposited in the pipe accords so exactly with that of the deposit now forming that it is reproduced. Analysis of hot-spring tufa formed in pipes carrying hot water to bath houses. Ysis 0 Pring Uj , py yung Per cent. CarbonaterOf lime ts. 25 5 Sel Sh repeats ie cra oer ee Stee 92. 620 Sulphate otilnm exes 2s Sse ee Rs St Ss et 1 . 085 Canbonatevormaonesiavee- 522.8 eee eee 1a Gants ai aS 0p te Se 3. 060 Carbonate oh irom. one ses ee ES ae Ne eh 210 Carbonaterof manganese 24.5550 ese oe eee oe eee . 190 Potassasie28 2 Soe nes a es OTA RSI HKGE horere atte Ra ete tenee Whe ae pen TE TREC eens Ons Uae tiga Cai os Usk a ere yee = LY) dl No} 21 Geeta tee an ae ie nega etree ett ere Ne PUREE ee Soo 99. 391 In the Cave spring the freshly deposited tufa is tinted orange by the alow that live in hot water, and green by the species that flourish at slightly lower temperatures. These colors are purely vegetable and disappear if the deposit be heated. This tufa deposit covers an area of approximately 20 acres, and varies from a few inches to 6 or 8 feet in thickness. Its occurrence shows that some of the springs formerly flowed to the west, and that the waters covered a larger area than at present. The broad area covered by the tufa does not mean that the hot waters covered this entire area at any one time, for the algous growth described as filling the hot-water streams causes a filling up of the channel and a diversion of the water to a different place. In two instances the waters built up mounds about the springs. The most noticeable of these is that of the Cave spring, which has been artifici- “ONIYdS SAVO CNV 13LOH NOLONITYV YVAN ‘SAYNSSSY NO ‘V4ANL 4O MIVM ANV SdaLs “HA SLV1d HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 89 ally breached in the development of a larger water supply from the spring. (Plate V.) Above the music pavilion another area of tufa indicates the former presence of springs at a level higher than any now existing. The thickness of the tufa deposit is likely to be overestimated, as it covers steep slopes and even cliff faces. The earliest description of the place tells of its forming overhanging masses alongside the creek, whose flood waters swept away its sup- port. The natural exposures of conglomerate and sandstone outcrop- ping near the pavilion show that the tufa is there underlain by hard rock. Farther west, however, the tufa overlies soft, shaly rocks, which haye been digested by the hot waters and vapors for so long a time that the material is as soft as ashes, and in the development of new water supplies near Spring No. 1 a pipe was driven 38 feet down into this material. Immediately beneath the tufa there is a breccia of novaculite sandstone or shale fragments cemented by iron oxide, man- ganese oxide, and carbonate of lime. This is seen under the tufa at the Cave spring and at the Dripping spring. It merely represents the old hillside débris cemented by the hot-water deposit and material ‘deposited later beneath the tufa mantle. The owners of the Hale bath house have cut a short tunnel into the tufa hack of their establishment, and the natural heat of the ground is used for a vapor bath. There is no doubt that the ground back of Bath House Row is permeated by a network of fissures and is heated by hot-water vapors. Vegetation of tufa area.—TVhe tufa area is described by all earlier writers as being distinguished from the adjacent slope by its peculiar vegetation. In the improvement of the reservation this distinction has been largely obliterated, as flowers and shrubs have been freely planted. The tufa cliffs and rougher exposures show, however, the limestone-loving ferns Cheilanthes alabamensis Kunze and Adiantum capillus-veneris L., which occur nowhere else in this region. Owen mentions these ferns especially, besides numerous peculiar mosses and aloze, and the stonecrop, sage, lobelia, and senna as characteristic of the tufa area. GEOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF THE HOT SPRINGS. In the geological sketch already given the rocks from which the hot waters issue are described as sandstones and shales of Lower Silurian age, occurring in sharply compressed folds. ‘The hot waters issue from the sandstones seen well exposed back of the superintendent’s office and near the music pavilion, and from the overlying shales in the area west of the pavilion. These rocks form part of a steeply dipping anti- cline plunging beneath the surface toward the southwest. It may be compared to the partly buried prow of an upturned boat. The rocks arch around the mountain slopes, the different beds being revealed very niuch as the scales of an onion bulb are exposed when it is partly cut into. While the rocks are flexed into this great curve, the great and thick beds of hard sandstone and conglomerate were cracked while being flexed, and little slips and breaks occur. The smaller cracks form a network of fractures, which in some places are seen to be filled with white quartz. The map shows the principal springs to be arranged along a line running about NNE., or parallel to the axis of the fold 90 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. forming Hot Springs Mountain. This line is believed to be a fissure corresponding to a fracture of the northwest fold, a fault fissure. Springs are common along such fractures in the novaculite region of Arkansas, and there is no reason to believe there is anything unusual in this one. The source of heat is discussed elsewhere. THE HOT SPRING WATERS. The Hot Springs yield waters of remarkable purity. This, in fact, is the reason ascribed by some physicians for the efficacy of the water as a remedialagent. The very complete analyses given in this report show a very small amountof mineral matter. The purity of the natu- ral waters of the region is well known. The water of the Happy Hol- low spring has less mineral matter than any other of the waters known, except that of the Poland spring, of Maine. ‘These waters rise through siliceous rocks, and the fact that the hot waters contain so little mineral matter, particularly silica, is evidence of their meteoric origin, and accords with the nature of the gases given off by the springs. A direct comparison of the analyses with those made in earlier years is not possible, since the analyses are given in parts per million, while those of the State geological survey are in grains per gallon. I have recalculated the analyses of the larger springs, however, and find the analyses nearly identical, showing conclusively that the nature of the waters is not changing with time. The accompanying table gives a recapitulation of the analyses made by Mr. J. K. Haywood, of the Bureau of Chemistry, Department of Agriculture. — BA iy a ge _——[— Ss ee ee Se se —— eS S Doc 2f2._57 1. REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF HOT SPRINGS RESERVATION FOR 1901. HOUSE PARK, HOT SPRINGS RESERVATION SHOWING THE LOCATION OF THE HOT SPRINGS ON HOT SPRINGS MOUNTAIN Be 2 WALTER HARVEY WEED, GEOLOGIST U. 5. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY unos PITAL GRO NAVY HOS ARMY AND ORives GM movMTAIN. \ ane'8) ° 1 gata avee \ . . ~ 2° a ee ~ + pS : ee yee BATH HOvEG— ee es > Greet | 020 ‘OUON | (v ‘a0vlT, | O00" | 22° OG "SOT | 29°42 | 88 "Sh | 0609 F246 |"--*-"*-*"| OTPE | OF ‘OUON | 62'T cO° 9100° | FF* OL‘S9L | 8°24 | 68°F | TOS "FSS™ | 009‘TOZ | O'ZFL | CL ‘OUON v) |'a0BIL | $800" |*e0vrT, | 0G °99T | G6°Z | LE “SF | SLIO 08% | OFI‘S O'SFL | PL ‘OUON u ‘OOBLL | ZI00" | ST" 0G ‘99 | S'S | LL‘9F | P99 'ISa |77 >>> BOOST BARS || ASE ‘OUON u 8° 8000" | SL* 06°86 | $4°9 | ZG°G | SGs80 OAT | Fze G16 OL ‘OUON v ‘o0vIT, | Z100° | ST’ 0@:09T | 82'°8 | PROLE | 2960 "GZS |---| SESE | CTT ‘OUON 0 ‘o0BIT, | 9100" | *90BIT, | OG'O9T | S4°L | SG'FF | 9209 LZ] | FIG ‘ST Bast || OL ‘OUON u ‘aovly, | S100" | 60° 0S ‘99 | 09°24 | IGF | SScr'6Zc | OFS‘TSo | SFFL | 6 ‘OUON u ‘a0VIT, | 2100" | 6a" 09'GLT | 88°4 | 8a‘9F | Z9LF 68a | 000‘%r | a6 | 8 ‘OUON | 98° ‘aovIT, | 1h00" | gS" 09°69T | G6°L | 6S'FP | TOFG FSS) FIS‘SLo | P'LFL | 2 “OUON u) |‘a0vr, | S100" | eZ" 0G'E9T | 08'S | T9'bF | g9GG ‘22% | OOF‘cS | 69ST | 9 ‘OUON vu) |oowrT, | 2200" | FP° OS '99T | G8°L | TS"BR | Z988 62% | 08a ‘ZT PeSPL |G ‘OUON 3 ‘OOVIT, | STOO’ | FF° 0G ‘09T | 89'S | GG’Sr | SES ‘TZa | 009‘S 9°CSl | F ‘OUON v ‘oOVIT, | 2000" |90BIL | 09'99T | OL°L | G8'FR | 2829 '62z | S86 ‘6L L'Shr | 8 “OUON u) |ooBLT, |‘OOVAT, | PP OG ‘09L | PGS | Sb'EP | OTS 'S4% | OO8‘OLa | O'GaL | 3 ‘OUON v) |‘oovrT, | oovary, | 98" OG '99T | S8°4 | IL'er | %64°08% | 008 ‘8z PShT | T “SInOl 3 : . “UOTT[ LU 7 Ie “TUR *osy | “od | *%oa | “ON | 8ON | 00H | Fos | “ors ane Feed ene ON 4 OL UL MOLT — 92 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. Gases.—The gases given off by the hot waters were carefully col- — lected and analyzed. The results show that they consist of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen. The ratio of oxygen and nitrogen corresponds very closely to that of atmospheric air, and, taking into account the relative absorption of the two gases by water, there can be no doubt that the oxygen and nitrogen given off by the water come from absorbed air. Source of water.—F rom what has already been said in discussing the geological and topographical relations of the springs, and from the composition of the water and of the gases, there seems no doubt that the hot springs correspond closely to the ordinary springs of the mountain region save in the very important element of heat. As will be shown later, it is believed that the waters of a very large but entirely normal spring, or springs, have been heated by vapors rising through fissures penetrating its unknown depths. Source of mineral contents.—The mineral matter of the waters has come from the rocks traversed by the waters. Recollecting the solvent power of hot water, it is rather remarkable that the waters are so pure. The underlying rocks are Silurian sediments resting on an unknown complex, but the Silurian rocks alone are competent to supply all the mineral matter of the waters. ARE THE HOT SPRINGS DYING? The question whether the hot springs are changing in character and will eventually either cease flowing or become cold springs is of both popular and scientific interest. The evidence seems to show that there is a very small decrease in temperature since they were first examined, now nearly a century ago. The temperature recorded by Dunbar and Hunter in 1804 for the larger spring was 150° F., and another had a temperature of 154°. In 1859 the springs were carefully examined by David Dale Owen, State geologist, whose map of temperatures and elevations is reproduced in Plate VIII herewith. A more accurate map was published by William Glasgow, jr., in 1860 from careful instrumental surveys, together with records of temper- ature and outflow. Since then many changes have been made about the springs, all of which have been dug out and inclosed in masonry arches, with the consolidation of two or more springs into one in some instances, the development of new outflows by digging wells or sinking pipes, and the drying up of adjacent natural outflows. For these reasons all the springs now existing can not be positively identified with those shown on the earlier maps, but a majority of them are so correlated without doubt. ‘ Temperatures.—The comparison of the old records mentioned with those recently made shows that the highest temperature known to-day is 147° F., as against 154° in 1804, and 150° by Glasgow and 148° by Owen in 1860. Ina number of springs there is a decline of 2° since the latter date. Sucha slight difference might, however, be due to differences in the manner or place of taking the temperatures, or the instruments used in the earlier years may not have been accurate. Itis noteworthy that Owen’s highest temperature, taken in 1859 with a standardized thermometer, was 148°, and that recorded now is 147°. In other words, the temperature is decreasing so slowly that the change 4 i ii Temperatures a _Ar' i i ‘Spring aboveHot Spra i v State Geologist. PLATE v1. FY 20" ii ey a ter gynrKe® eR? me ; HOT SPRING ReeouNIE SP Shs) zr o So — NEKK 170) WE ANE SLOPE S Number of Spring in Reman Nianerals, Tenperanires in Arabic : S Ne Nuanbers fellowadby (t:thow the Bleration of Spring above Hot Spring Oreck ty oF oF eAteancous TURA y { H \ from observations by DD Oven. State Groteg tat “1880 ~ Ox-xavn us ww 119° Quyinn Bath House slnWouse 7/Ox-eexy 100 : \O) nescexvnr 114 Old Hate Bath House et : Thector Hale ke Clayton. Pavilion P ‘ ath Howse Spring 136) SDoc 252 571 a “Stier eh aie, HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. 93 is almost imperceptible in half a century. In one instance, that of the Alum spring, there is a very marked decrease in temperature, and as this is the only spring on the west side of the creek, there is no doubt of its identity. In 1804 this had a temperature of 132°. In 1859 its temperature was 133°, according to Owen, and to-day it is but 114.8°. : Amount of outflow.—The comparison of outflow is more difficult. According to Dunbar and Hunter the largest spring had an outflow of 11 quarts in eleven seconds in 1804, corresponding to 22,100 gallons per day, and the four largest springs had an outflow of 165 gallons per minute, or 237,600 gallons per day. Dr. Owen gives no measurements, but Glasgow gives the discharge of each spring—a total of 317 gallons per minute, or 450,480 gallons per day, as compared with 850,000 gal- lons per day at the present time. As the writer has shown elsewhere, the spring water is of meteoric origin, like most spring water, and prob- ably varies somewhat from year to year, corresponding to variation in annual rainfall at some previous year, so that no definite comparison can be made with the early records, except to state that the volume of water discharged is very much greater. Supposing a practically con- stant amount of heat applied, this of itself would mean a slightly low- ered temperature. In this connection attention should be called to the well put down by Major Torney, U. 8. Army, in the Army and Navy Hospital, which is capable of yielding the amazing amount of 350,000 gallons per day without affecting but one very small spring (No. 40 of the list). From a consideration of all these facts it is concluded that the springs are losing their heat so slowly that the loss is almost inappreciable. Amount of mineral matter carried in solution by the waters.—No essential difference in the composition of the waters can be detected by a comparison of the analyses made for Owen or Larkin (1859) or for Dr. Branner, of the State geological survey, in 1889, with the elab- orate and careful analyses made by the National Government. The waters are remarkable more for their purity than for their mineral contents. The material in solution consists mainly of bicarbonate of lime, which is so easily precipitated by the loss of carbonic acid gas that a deposit forms in pipes, and rather rapidly where the spring waters drip, as in the walls about the bowl of the Cave spring. The total mineral matter for all the springs amounts to 1,367 pounds a day, equivalent to 249.5 tons a year. This amount of material carried by the hot water from the earth’s interior to the surface must leave a very considerable cavity in the course of time. SOURCE OF HEAT. While there have been many theories advanced to account for the source of the hot waters, the only hypothesis that stands the test of scientific inquiry is the one which ascribes the heat of the waters to still hot but concealed bodies of igneous rock. It seems scarcely nec- essary to call attention to the absurdity of the idea that either slaking lime in the depths of the earth or chemical reaction of the waters with the atmosphere could be the cause of the heat. That the waters come from a depth sufficient for their heating by the normal increment of earth heat (1° for every 50 feet) seems unreasonable, since it would necessitate a depth of nearly 5,000 feet to give the waters their pres- ent temperature, even assuming that they were not cooled in their course 94 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS. upward. The composition of the gases given off by the waters shows that they contain atmospheric air as well as carbon dioxide. That the heat of the waters is due to the heat developed by the folding of the rocks, which is the theory given to account for the heat at the Virginia Hot Springs, is not probable, for the folding at Hot Springs is not more intense than elsewhere in the mountain regions of Arkansas, and no evidence of hot spring action has been found at any other locali- ties except where igneous rocks are present. It is believed that the heat comes from a great body of still heated igneous rocks intruded in the earth’s crust by volcanic agencies and underlying a large part of central Arkansas. The existence of such a mass is shown by the great bodies of granite seen at Potash Sulphur Springs and Magnet Cove, where the rocks have been exposed by the wearing down of the overlying sediments, though the igneous rocks seen were of course long since cooled. At Magnet Cove, moreover, there are tufa deposits which show the former occurrence of hot springs. OTE hypothesis is strengthened by the occurrence of intrusive dikes at various localities about the springs, and their trend and occurrence indicate that the molten material which filled the fissures did not come from the bodies of rock now exposed at Potash Suiphur Springs or at Magnet Cove, but had some deep-seated source, whose location is indi- cated by the dikes as being approximately under the hotsprings. Deep- seated waters converted into vapors by contact with this ‘*‘ batholith” of hot rock probably ascend through fissures toward the surface, where they probably meet cold spring waters which are heated by the vapors. As the igneous dikes near by are fissures reaching down to this great mass of igneous magma which have been filled by it to form dikes, it is not unreasonable to suppose that fissures extend down to the now solid - but still hot igneous mass. O i ies Bz RY BAZ YZ WA banat PLATE X. T TULUS BIEN COLITHNT 1 3 6 , Seale 62500 3 3 Miles se es es = =— t 3 2 x 2 3 bn s Kilometers ese Contour interval 20 feet. Datumis mean sea level. Ss. Doc. 282, 57, I, a7 RRS a Cuore ire