i AP sina Paired ofa: ¥ m ) ie Pai tiAnte asain ee Ft} 8) | ve ete it ed \ ¢ iid i i Te tled aeaedet sat ete c ia Pig ied t4 en pep at re wi beauty nis) é Pee ni apes deg cdot oa Phe Hai ohige teas! nee eth ah he peatbesnias ph Pee obrtas ti eth ] rh ne , i Mees byt ay a pene es Dye dete il atetinaata erst eros he had Ia 4 7 4 4 pal Rieti: ' - via reel ah pe te tee ean ae spire ish 8 iia 4 ree x ie mass uaeaci oe eis tat ened veh i RSPR Tn Reet ches Uaphae Atk peat Pee rasa nari bite bel : “we fete re leria § NA ibs aula tit rs 8 deh eit te Brett 8 145 rated be fate Brey jerdeae Fi fl } ei att toaeey oy H 4 a} 44 1945 HH] iW i Pr eer ke kines ehh ds yee: ted sey ny ArhiGats 4 i 4 i tas vet Hail ; (d satis seeded a Msi > th hes 6 istiate ®. Tatra aie fea v CPT eOrU VA SELLE EL oC ORIEL URL EM Mau ARAL TL Ural tt V4 +99 i as peta ag she nif tir # era re 3 (od tere gasnsaee ‘i 4 bt 7 +n i tinea oft Ruki 4 RS ey rhea acne Jol) lohsbidedey as spb art he : StH ite i He = Me aands , DOVE MARINE LABORATORY, i Cullercoats, Northumberland. ; REPORT For the year ending June 30th, 1919. EKpirep sy ALEXANDER MEEK, Proressor oF Zootocy, ARMSTRONG COLLEGE, IN THE UNIVERSITY oF DuRHAM, pe a, AND ee DrirEcTOR oF THE Dove Marine LaporaTory. Published by the Marine Laboratory Committee of Armstrong College on behalf of the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Committee and other contributing authorities. NEW SERIES VIII. DOVE MARINE LABORATORY. CULLERCOATS, NORTHUMBERLAND. REPORT For the year ending June 30th, 1919. Evite BY ALEXANDER MEEK, ProFressor oF ZooLoGy, ARMSTRONG COLLEGE, IN THE UNIversiTy or DurHam, AND DIRECTOR OF THE DovE MARINE LABORATORY. Published by the Marine Laboratory Committee of Armstrong College on behalf of the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Comimittce and other contributing authorities. Price : ‘ Five Shillings. a THewcastlezon=Typne : Cain & Sons, PRINTERS, 29 aND 31, QUAYSIDE. 1919. Marine Laboratory Committee. Principal Sir THEODORE MORISON. J. S. REA. Councillor H. GREGG. Councillor G. C. ROBINSON. Alderman R. MASON, M.P. W. S. VAUGHAN. Professor A. MEEK. CHARLES WILLIAMS. THE REGISTRAR OF THE COLLEGE. Staff. Director - : - - - Professor A MEEK. Naturalist 3 - : BENJAMIN STORROW. Librarian 2 - Mrs. COWAN. CONTENTS. PAGE. SUMMARY AND GENERAL REPORT .... Fe ix a Bae 5 HERRING INVESTIGATION, 1918 —_ nt Bd ee a. 9 By Dorotuy Cowan. THE HERRINGS OF THE NORTHUMBERLAND COAST oO Ane TF By B. Srorrow. NOTES ON THE AGE AND GROWTH OF FISH ate aoe sais 103 By B. Srorrow. ; Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats. SUMMARY AND GENERAL REPORT. The Report this year is taken up almost entirely with papers dealing with the results of the investigations relating to herrings. The first paper, by Mrs. Cowan, gives an account of the investi- gations made in 1918. Thirteen samples were examined, the total number of herring being 3,000, and included two samples which were measured according to the agreed upon methods for determining racial characters. The first sample of the season presented herring, 46 per cent. of which had four winter rings, but the rest indicated a return to the conditions su characteristic of the Northumberland Coast herring, the predominant age-group of which is three winter-ring. As will be seen, moreover, the general notes showed that the herring were immature, the gonads being usually in stages I. and IT. Only one landing, that of July 29th, was observed to be in a state of approaching maturity. This is followed by a paper by Mr. Storrow, who returned to the Laboratory in February of this year, in which the attempt is made to consider as a whole the results obtained curing the years 1912 to 1918 from the standpoint of age, and the growth up to the formation of the first winter rmg. We were led to make this approach to an analysis of our records from the consideration that the growth to the first winter rmg would tend to determine the source of the immature herring which are summer migrants to our coast. The Northumberland Coast herrings may be defined as a shoal of young herrings, having for their predominant year class fish with three winter rings. Following the restricted fishing of 1915, herrings with four winter rings predominated in 1916 and 1917. Few herrings occur in the samples with five or more winter rings, and, on the other hand, the number with two winter rings gives no indication of the abundance of fish with three winter rings to be expected in the following year. The small number of fish with two winter rings is not due to the selective power 6 of the drift net, but rather to their absence from the shoal. The samples of 1917, for instance, gave no indication that fish with three winter rmgs would predominate in 1918. From the age-composition of the 1916 samples the Northum- berland Coast shoal appears to occupy the ground between the Farne Islands and opposite the mouth of the Tees. During that year the shoal was augmented in July and August by the immigra- tion into it of herring with four and five winter rings, and the distribution of the fish with four winter rings supports the opinion of the fishermen that our herrings come from the north-east. These larger herring used to be followed by mature fish, and spawning took place especially in the neighbourhood and to the north of the Farnes, but the period of our investigations has been marked by a dearth of spawning, and the evidence of its happening has been mainly derived from data referring to “‘ spawny haddocks.” There is evidence therefore that ducing the herring season a succession of shoals appears in our coastal waters. The season commences by the fishing 100 miles or more from the coast, and the smaller coastal herring appear in the latter part of May. Our results indicate that the Northumberland Coast herring consist in June and July of herring with a comparatively small first year growth, and are followed about the end of July or the beginning of August by herring with a larger first year growth. Again, towards the end of August and the beginning of September fish with a smaller first year growth are once more abundant. The samples of 1916 indicated that the herring with the larger first year growth were more particularly restricted to the southern portion of the fishing ground, and this points to separate shoals. It has to be noted also that herrings with two winter rings have in all seasons a larger first year growth than the herring of other year groups. The observation is doubtless intensified by the facts we have already published as to the difference in the rate of growth of the scale and the fish, but it is with the other obser- vations of importance as indicating that a herring with a large first year growth regularly visits the Northumberland Coast during its years of immaturity. A sample of the spring spawning herring of the Firth of Forth has been found to have a first year growth practically the same as that of the herring of the Northumberland Coast. The fluctuations of the Firth of Forth fishery follow closely 7 those of the Northumberland Coast shoal, and these considera- tions, together with the observations we have already published as to the source of the post larval herring of the Tyne, give good grounds for saying that a large section of the herrings of the North- umberland Coast is composed of young fish which afterwards become the spring spawners of the Firth of Forth. To this account is appended a statement as to the growth of the 1914 samples, which were examined to furnish data for racial investigations. Mr. Storrow also gives an account of the age and growth of a Ballan Wrasse, which was kept under observation from 1915 to 1917, and has furnished the welcome evidence that the growth and the age as determined by the scales coincide with the history during the same period in the free condition. The above will serve to illustrate the relationship of North- umberland with the east coast of Scotland, and the desirability of linking up our work with that of Scotland. It will also serve as an excuse for our expression of disappointment that the con- ferences with reference to reconstruction have not resulted in marine research being made a National rather than a Departmental affair. The movement for nationalisation began with a view to centralising administration, but the opposition of Scotland to the scheme was sufficient to bring it to an untimely end. Nevertheless, even if it were found too difficult to unify adminis- tration, it was obviously more than desirable to take steps to co-ordinate fishery and marine investigations, while recognising and admitting that administration should be closely identified with investigation. Home Rule in both respects is uneconomical and ineffective. Legislation, which should be national in character, tends to be hindered rather than promoted, and moreover political boundaries have no significance in the sea. From the point of view of research it ought to be recognised and understood that our coasts are intimately linked together and with the seas around our islands. When new schemes of research in fisheries are formulated, it appears to be forgotten or overlooked that a vast accumulation of material is in existence resulting from the many investigations 8 ‘ "as. 2 eis 2 which have already been made, and that much of this has not yet — been sufficiently analysed. Before starting upon these new schemes we ought to be in a position to answer the following questions :— (a) What do we want to know that we do not know 4 (b) Are we sure that the knowledge is not already available ? (c) How do we propose to obtain the required informa- tion ? It may be urged and with reason that ali kind of work relating to the sea is essential and important, and that it is undesirable to limit it to problems which may be defined as of economic import- ance. The demarcation between Apphed and Pure Science is by no means always apparent, and indeed a great deal of the work which lies before us may be said to belong to the domain of the latter. It is to be hoped, therefore, that whatever the control may finally turn out to be, the resources of the country with respect to the Marine Laboratories, the Universities and the Museums will be fully utilised before new schemes involving additional expenditure are considered. ALEXANDER MEEK. 31st October, 1919. Dukbir Ai Cockburnspathts h epee Burnmost Berwick: Goswick B * Holy LNG s s Shale Resa ve BusteB = re Dunstandor poseate ce ©) A2i0 HERRING Seahowse Beadnell Boulmer AlnmauthB Cogugt cK Hauxley DrauridgeB Creswel New di gui N Seats J {\ Soler mbasé Bates Beier SPharys 4 Cullceréoe Tynemout J ; Souter Pé Sunderiand, Seaham Harllepoal INVESTIGATIONS, 1918. G2 HERRING INVESTIGATION, 1918. By DOROTHY COWAN. During the herring season of 1918, twelve samples, 3,000 fish have been examined. As the fishing grounds were determined by the Naval Authorities, and all the vessels fished in a com- paratively small area, the samples are representative of the fish landed. With the exception of the samples from Berwick and one from North Shields, the herrings have been examined in curing houses in order to allow of the fish being cured and put on the market for food. Thanks are due to all who facilitated the work, especially to Mr. Richard Dawson whilst he was at North Shields, and to Mr. Peter Cowie, of Berwick. The first sample from Berwick and one from North Shields, which were examined at the Laboratory were used at the request of the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries for the purpose of obtaining racial characters. Copies of the measurements and the age composition of the samples have been forwarded to the Board. | The date and origin of the samples are given in Table I. Chart 1 gives the localities from which they were taken, and shows that, | with the exception of sample Al, the fish examined came from the ordinary fishing ground of the Northumberland and Durham coasts. Particulars as to size and age are given in Tables II. and III., and following the plan adopted in former years a further analysis of size and age is given in Table IV. The predominant year class during the season of 1918 was that with three winter rings, and this year class comprises from forty to sixty per cent. of the fish examined in all samples, with one exception. The exception is sample 1, which contains 46 per cent. of herring with four winter rings. It was taken fairly early in the season, 12th July, and the place of capture was, as will be 10 seen on Chart 1, nearer the shore than any of the other samples. The number of fish with two winter rings is -small, the highest percentage being found in sample A2, which came from the most northerly locality of the Northumberland coast. This sample was taken 2nd August, and contained the smallest percentage of fish with four and five winter rings, and was made up of much smaller fish than any of the other samples. Last season herrings with four winter rings were found to be predominant, but this year fish of that age are not so abundant as those a year younger, and comprise only from twenty to thirty per cent. of the samples. In no sample were herrings with five winter rings so plentiful as to form twenty per cent. of the sample, and older herrings were few in number. As in previous years, the herrings of the Northumberland coast have been found to belong to a shoal or shoals of young fish varying in age somewhat, but having few individuals with five or more winter rings shown on their scales. During the seasons of 1916 and 1917, herring with four winter rings were predominant, but the shoals of last season were younger by approximately one year. The only sample which resembles the samples of 1917 is sample 1, but the age composition of the other samples makes it quite clear that this sample cannot be taken as representative of the shoals found off our coast during 1918. The conditions under which the investigations were conducted did not allow of detailed examination as to sex and maturity, but general notes were made as to the condition of the gonads. Sample A2 consisted of small fish, and the majority had gonads at stage II. or between stages I. and II. In no case were gonads found developed as far as stage IV., not even towards the end of August, at which time there seemed to be little difference between the herrings then examined and some of those examined in July. Curers generally complained throughout the season of the soft and oily nature of the herrings with which they were dealing. Only one landing is known of, 29th July, which was described by the curers as consisting of good large fish, firm and maturing. 1 TABLE I. e No. in ; Sample. Date. Sample. Locality. Al 26th June 250 15 miles N.E. of Berwick, 40 fathoms. A2 2nd August ... 250 35 miles $.E of Berwick, 55 fathoms. 1 12th July 250 10 miles N.1. of Tyne. 2 29th July : 250 13 miles E.8.E. of Tyne. 3 2nd August ... 250 17 miles S.E. of Tyne. 4 6th August ... 250 25 miles N.E. by N. of Tyne. y 8th August ... 250 25 miles E. of Tyne. 6 12th August 250 30 miles E. by N. 4 N. of Tyne. a 14th August 250 18 miles 8.E. by E. of Tyne. 8 19th August 250 27 miles N.E. by E. of Tyne. 9 21st August... 250 12 miles E.S.E. of Tyne. i) 22nd August 250 30 miles N.E. 4 N of Tyne. 12 TABLE II.—SIZE. CENTIMETRES. Sample. ] | AJ a, an 2 3 | 23 | 71 | 84 | 44 | 18 | oa ee eet 8028 8) deo | 49:2 | 28-4 | 33-6 | 17-6] 7:2 | 2-0 = — | = A2 | Nos...) 5 a Ca ee eee | By eee 9 2 1 1 1 %- ..., 20 | 36 | 24-4] 296) 20:8] 10:0] 40 | 36 | o8 | O4 | O4 | 0-4 1 Noceeet cl = 2 1 {90 1-437) yee | ari es ie ea as ge | = | = 1 os |-o4 | 8-0 | 17-2} 30-0) 32-4 | 10:0: ee 2 | Nos; c4| — — —— 16 49 84 ( 25 10 _- = = y | = 1 — | — | #0 |-19°6| 33:6) 28-8 | 10-0.) 40 |) 3 Nos. ...| — — 2 7 15 62 | 95 46 13 8 2 — % ,.) —.| — | o8-| 28 | 60-1 248 38-0 | 18-4 | so: | Snip oe 4 Mos. 2.2 eet 1 8 | 60 | 103 | 50 | 15 8 3 2 x | — | =. | — | o4 | 32 |-240) 41-2 | 20-0 | 6:0 | Sun omnes 5 Neste) aaa ee 2 RE OM eR | 102 50 | 17 5 2 1 Tea ee ee SIRI | See Mee 2 28-4| 403] 2001 68 | 20 | o8 | 0-4 6 Wot.) = ee 1 o. | da | 46 fotgB 54 | 23 7 4 1 % ..| — pees teo-4 | 0-8 | 5:6 |-18-4]| 39-2! 21-6] 92" | Belem ee eos] oN = 1 2 | 100) a7 1) ot | ee ee 7 | 2 2 } artis Ngee 8 ee gue Sora a ry CG 148 | 36-41 296] 96 | 28 | 08 | 08 8 ING Se |e (eee pase 3 6 | 52 | 90 | 61 | 25 9 3 1 fea] == — —u 11:2 | 24 | 208 | 36:01 24-4 | 40:0) 3:6. eae GmaniiNas se qe ay! fle 1 5 | 35 | 85 | 83 | 200 \eete oe | es % .| — | — | — | O4 | 20 | 140] 340] 33-2] 116 20 ee las 10) Senos a fr SO ee 76, ia Peo nee 4 2 y ol se | — | — | — 1-40 | 21-27) 91'2 fReaee | ieee |e ‘ a Sample. Al Nos. .. A2 Nos. . 10 Nes. ... 0:8 15 TABLE III.—AGE. WINTER RINGS. | 3 | 4 5 151 47 i 62-4 19-4 29 | 126 15 6 51-2 6-1 2-4 nes 112 30 35:3 46:5 125 124 72 16 49-6 28-8 6-4 130 53 28 52-0 21-2 | 11-2 101 70 33 40:9 98:3 | 13-4 107 63 39 43-1 25:5 15-7 101 65 36 alvAlL 63 BD 49-2 25:6 | 14:2 109 69 48 43°6 27°6 19-2 104 81 43 “J bo 0:8 0-4 vo ~I i bo 0:8 1-6 14 TABLE IV.—SIZE AND AGE. CENTIMETRES. Sample.| Winter | 1g | 19 | 20! 21 22 23 24 25 26 | 27 28 29 Rings Al H CO bo | | | ts | ew ao re bo ole me SD | aSSe fase stall oO OV ee ee 3 Pe | Re i ee 1) A2 1 Dalvie —}—};]—]f]-—f]-—}f-}-}]—-]— 3 2 31 S| 40] 34 7}/—/]—]—]—|]—-4,—]—] 3 eR? 20u) 39, | 48 1. 10 ee en er ee 4 —|— a 6 5 4 | =) es 5 a et ie) ae 5 1 Sloss 6 6 ee ee 1 ijk = 2 7 —{—j—}| — | — | — | —~ | ~ | —~ |] = 1 1 2 | | | | | | | =e 1 14 28 22 18 — — — 85 SE — 1 13 4 41 1 1 = pea 112 1 = == 30 “IOS Ol Bm OD | | | | | tn pay UE bo wm pan x Re bo nT Ww LO 2 2 =F) 6 | .23 4 t= SSS See 3 eee | 4 | 62 | 30 2° | | ae ee 4 Se | as 12 Si) 5 |e ee ae 5 Se See SS 2 | 10 4. .|- 5, Sea eee 6 oe ee ee 1 eh) Rie 4 | | | | | fs ee 4 2 —|—}|— 1 4 22 —}—}] — | — | — |] — | a 3 —|—|}—| — 4 35 60 2/—}]— | — | — | 101 4 —|—}—}; — | — 1 42 24 3 | — | — | — | 7 5 —|/—}—; — | — | — 1 22 10 | — | — | — j .83_ 6 —|—|—| — — — — i! 2 5 2 — | 10° 7 —}/—{/—} — | —};—}]—}]—-f{- 2 1| — 8 ee 1 — 2 35 a | — | — | 1 8 58 | 103 49 15 8 3 2 | 247 15 TABLE IV.—Continued. ¥ CENTIMETRES, Sample.| Winter | 1g | 19 | 20] 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 | Total. Rings. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Il OI Ok wh | | | | | | | aomonwnr or a OBI oe W Lb | | | | | | bo for) Re Ow HS [ee dh dl 2 15 45 94 54 23 7 4 1 | 244 | | | | aS to | COIS HP wD | | | | | 8 9 — | — 2 3 2)/—|]/—];]—];e]—]{— 7 3 Sa Se a ee ee 6; —}]—|—}]—]— {221 4 | — PN opi Tees 6; —|—]—|— | 6 5 Sf I ee a 1}; — | — | — | 35 6 eg a ee 1 7 5 1} —|— | 14 7 Se 2 2)/—|— 4 8 = ee ee to 1h 2 1 == 246 | | — On Or bo eo) oO for) co) bo ON eo) wo Hw CO LO | | | | | eo to ws) Re bw be 7) bo — t | | | | — oS oS 5 2 = — 48 6 ae | era eee —_ = = = 1 8 5 —_— = 14 ia —}—]/—] — -- — — — -- 2 2 —_— 4 9 a | Se ee ee ee 1}; —|{— 1 | | 16 | | TABLE IV.—Continued. CENTIMETRES. Sampie. | Winter | 18 | 19 | 290 | 21 22 93 | 24 25 26 27 28 29 | Total. Rings. 10 2 —|—|/—]}] — 2, ~= -— = = -= — 3 —-|—|—|} — 8 27 52 a7 — == — 4 —|—/—]|] — — 1 24 40 16 — — 5 —|—|—}| — _ “= 2 22 18 1) — 6 <= | —}—| — — — o 2 2 5 — 7 a /se!/ SS = — -— — — 4 2 pe | Se 1 2 —{/—/|—| — 19 | 28 78 | 81 36 11 4 LG THE HERRINGS OF THE NORTHUMBERLAND COAST. By Bb. STORROW. The landings of large quantities of trawled herrings caught in the vicinity of the Dogger Bank in 1911 was considered by Professor Meek to demand the commencement of herring investiga- tions at Cullercoats. These were begun, and during the latter part of 1911 and the season of 1912 opportunity was taken to become familiar with the methods of research used by Norwegian investigators, Hjort, Dahl and Lea, and to obtain information relating to our local herring shoals. The chief difficulty was the finding of a quick method for examining the herring scales for the purpose of age determination. It is felt that this has been accomplished. On Friday, 30th May of this year, two samples of herring, containing altogether 400 fish, were received. The examination of them for length, sex, development of gonads, and the taking of scale samples was commenced at 11 a.m., and by Monday evening, 2nd June, the age composition of the samples was known, the examination of the scales being done by one person only. But the general methods for the examination of herring scales are now so well known as to need no description. The difference of opinion between trawl and drift net fisher- men came to its height in 1913, and more than justified the begin- ning of the investigations. By the end of that year we were in a position to report on the two shoals of herring, those of the Northumberland coast and the Dogger Bank, and to point out the difference between them. In 1914, at the request of the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries, data were obtained for the purpose of racial investiga- tions. These data were forwarded to the Board, and in addition the Board was furnished with the age of the herrings examined. In order to further forward these racial investigations the annual 18 growth of each herring, roughly 3,200 in number, has been deter- mined since my return, and is now published (Table II.). In 1915, restrictions imposed on the herring fishing did not allow of many herrings being examined, but the Northumberland Coast shoal was sampled. Increased fishing in 1916 gave facilities for further work, and this has been continued, the continuation of the sampling in 1917-1918, and the age determination of 1916, 1917 and 1918 samples being done chiefly by Mrs. Cowan. Detailed information regarding the samples examined is to be found in previous Reports. Below are given the numbers examined each year :— Trawled, Drift Net. Total. TOW ee. aise 101 Soc 30 se 131 VOW? Nees ae 118 ae 110 Ses 228 THOS 556 Bee LOW. poe. duds: ea oA) OVA eee ao 650* tee A: eee Oe ORD: ree. Sed 8697 iets — At 869 OUCH ase sak sess 3,422 bdo Ce IIL see aes ne 3,200 see 200 OWS mass. ee — 3,000 v8 3,000 3,445 S50 lassi) eel OOF: Acr.—The Northumberland Coast herring are young fish, and the age composition of the shoals has been found to vary with the intensity of the fishing. The drift net herring of 1911 came from Yarmouth. In 1912, the number examined was small, and the time of sampling was late in the season, 6th and 10th September, but the predominant year group was that with three winter rings. The same feature marked the shoals in 1913, and in 1914, when the sampling was carried out on a larger scale, and again in 1915 when fishing was considerably restricted owing to war conditions. In 1916, the predominant year group consisted of fish with four winter rings, and similarly in 1917. A change took place in 1918, and the samples again had herrings with three winter rings for their predominant year group. The age composition of the samples examined was as follows:— * Contains 250 Northumberland Coast herrings caught by trawler. + Contains 300 Northumberland Coast herrings caught by trawler. 19 AGE COMPOSITION OF NORTHUMBERLAND COAST HERRINGS. VINTER RINGS. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fi 8 9 10 11 12 1912 see 14 35 28 11 6 1 3 1 = a 1913 Se 14 49 (28 6 2 1. 0:3 + + : =A 1914 eae Oyd: 27 51 15 5 ibe Casio Oe er | + —- — 1915 2 0-3 17 67 12 3 03 == 03. 1916 ——— 4 24 45 21 5 2 06 O1 + —' — 1917 re 05 27 49 17 4 0-6 0-2), = 1918 ea oar 10 46 26 12 33 1:0 0-5 - — — = For purposes of comparison the catches of herring landed at Northumberland ports are he’e given, the figures being derived from the reports of the fishery officers to the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Committee, and obtained from Government returns :— Year. Cwts. Year. Cwts. 1910... anys 730,909 ete AKO NSS ce cae 27,442 MOWees es 502,524 ae 1916... ae 197,359 NOW e ee ee 305,895 eee LOM tee. anc 287,820 1913... 3a 754,680 pee 1918... ae 212,917 1914... see 347,896 Quantities of trawled herrings were landed at North Shields as follows :—1911, 22,000 cwts.; 1912, 20,000 cwts.; 1913, 59,000 cwts. The change in the age composition of the shoals in 1916 follow- ing the restrictions of 1915 was so marked that there seems little ‘doubt that the age composition of the shoals was influenced by the restricted fishing. The shoals in 1916 were practically a year older, and con- tained, according to the samples examined, 45 per cent. of fish with four winter rings. An increase in the number of fish with five winter rings was also present, and the percentage of these fish, 21, was higher than in any previous year. Older herrings were few in number, the greater part of them, 5 per cent., having six winter rings. In the following year, 1917, the shoals were practically of the same age as in 1916, 49 per cent. of the herrings had four winter rings and 17 per cent. had five winter rings. Drift net fishing in 1916 was greater than in 1915, but far from normal, and it cannot be said to be sufficient to account for the predominant year class of 1916, herrings with four winter rings, being represented in 1917 by 17 per cent. only of herrings with 20 five winter rings, nor the herrings of 1916 with five winter rings, and comprising 21 per cent. of the samples being represented in 1917 by 4 per cent. with six winter rings. The presence of a high percentage of herrings with three winter rings in the samples of 1918 may be accounted for by the arrival on our coast of a rich year class, but again we have no evidence of the predominant year classes of 1916 and 1917 influencing to any great extent the number of older fish amongst the shoals, and the percentages of herrings with five and more winter rings were less than in 1916 and 1917. Another point worthy of attention is the small percentage of herrings with two winter rings in the samples. In 1914 these comprised 27 per cent. of the samples, and were more abundant than in any other yeac. In the following year, 1915, the per- centage of herrings, 67 per cent., with three winter rings was the highest of which we have any record. But there is no sign in the samples of 1917, when the fish with two winter rings represented less than one per cent. of the fish examined, that in the following year, 1918, herring with three winter rings would be the pre- dominant year class. It cannot be said that the number of herrings with two winter rings gives an indication of what the age composition of the shoal will be in the following year. There is a slight indication in 1914 but not sufficient to give reason for expecting in 1915 that herrings with three winter rings would be present in such a high percentage as 67. Whilst the drift net may be selective as regards the size of the fish caught, yet had herrings with two winter rings been present in the shoals fished in 1917 in sufficient numbers to make herrings with three’ winter rings the predominant year group of 1918, they ought to have been represented in the samples by more than one per cent., or the mesh of the nets used has been much greater than that used in other years. Also, if the small percentage of fish with two winter rings be attributed to the selective power of the method of fishing this is more evident in 1916 and 1917, and to some extent in 1918, than in the other years. It is not thought that the low percent- age of herrings with two winter rings is due to selection arising from the method of fishing, but that these fish are not present in any great number in the shoals fished. In support of this, there is a sample of Northumberland Coast herring caught by trawl 21 net in 1914, and the percentage of herrings with two winter rings was 26-8 per cent.* It would appear then that not only are the herrings of the Northumberland Coast shoal young fish, but that they come to this locality after the formation of the third winter ring, return the following year if not captured, and then leave the district, few returning after the formation of the fifth winter ring. Where they come from cannot be stated, but an attempt will be made later to show the probable migrations of the fish after leaving the North- umberland coast. The samples of 1916 give further information respecting the herrings with three and four winter rings, and show a distribution of year classes along the coast influenced by locality and time. From the Farne Islands to the southern portion of the Durham coast, slightly north of the mouth of the Tees, the herrings with three winter rings during June and the beginning of July were more abundant, and the age composition of the samples was lower than that of the samples caught to the north and south of this area. Localities from whence the samples of 1916 came are shown on Chart I., page 33. Samples 1, Bl and B2 were taken 6th June, 30th June and Ist July respectively. They were caught south of the Farne Islands, and represent the herrings from the northern portion of the area under consideration. The age composition of these samples was as follows :— WINTER RINGS. 2 53 4 D 6 Sample 1 eas 4:8 37-1 47-0 9-9 0-4 0-8 eb eee Sc8 55:6 22-4 2-4 0:8 — ee viene ee LOro aarls 20:5 4-0 — 0-5 The southern portion of the area furnished samples 2 and 3, caught 6th and 7th July respectively. They had the following age composition, which differs little from that of the samples from the northern portion of the area. WINTER RINGS. 2 3 4 By 6 (Gar Sample 2 sop 2 39-2 40-4 M3 <2, BI, 0-8 x 3 21-6 44-7 Dall 6:5 1155) 0-5 * Report, New Series, lV. pp 17 and 25. 22 Samples Al and A2 were caught north of the Farne Islands on 27th and 28th of June, and had a higher age composition than samples 1, Bl and B2. The age composition of samples Al and A2 was as follows :— WINTER RINGS. to ey) eat ~ oD S Sample Al... — 19-9 5S 26°23 3°6 il: hay as = 1-0 49-5 35-0 11-0 3° Sample Cl was caught 13th July to the south of samples 2 and 3. The age composition of this sample, which was higher than that of samples 2 and 3, was as follows :— WINTER RINGS. > Sampie Cl... 0-5 20-6 52: 20-6 4-1 2-0 ‘Towards the end of July and during August and the beginning of September, the age composition of the samples which came from the fishing grounds from the Farne Islands to the south of the Durham coast, was much higher than earlier in the herring season, and shows an immigration into the area of fish with four and five winter rings. From the northern portion of the area samples A3, Dl and A4 were obtained on 27th July, 26th August and 9th September respectively. They were caught very near the localities from which samples 1, Bl and B2 came in June and the beginning of July, and they had the following age composition, which differed from that of the earlier samples. Herrings with four winter rings now greatly predominated. WINTER RINGS. 2 3 4 5 6 6+ Sample A3_ i... _ 19-5 58:5 15°5 4:5 2-0 POL PAD A 532 = 12-1° 57-2 25-0 4-() 1-7 ny yo: Sapa = 16°38 50-0 25-6 5-2 2-4 The southern portion of the area was represented by samples 5 and 6, caught 22nd August and 30th August respectively, in much the same locality as samples 2 and 3 taken in early July. They had the following age composition :— , WINTER RINGS. Zz, 3 4 5) 6+ Sample 5 ont — 8:0 43-0 36°5 9-5 3-0 ely Bb _— 20°2 51:0 25:6 2-4 1-2 23 From the middle of the area sample 4 was obtained on 16th August, and had an age composition as follows :— WINTER RINGS. 2 3 4 5 6 6+ Sample 4 ses — aia eal 54-3 30-2 oD 0-5 The general opinion of the older fishermen of our coast who fished the shoals of fuil herring in August and September some twenty years ago is that the herrings came from the north-east. The samples of 1916 taken in the latter part of July, August and the beginning of September are of interest in this connexion when arranged as below according to the position of capture :— Percentage with Sample. Date. four Winter Rings. From the northern portion of the area os A3 27th July ae 58:5 D1 26th August ane 5-2 A4 9th September 50-0 From the middle of the area ... ABC oe 4 16th August 54:3 From the southern portion of the area i) 22nd August Ske 43-0 6 30th August 51:0 The samples of 1917 do not. admit of the same comparative examination owing to the time and place of their capture. But they also show that herrings with three winter rings were more abundant in July, and that herrings with five winter rings became more prominent in August.* More samples were taken during September in 1917, and they indicate a decrease in the beginning of the month of fish with five winter rings.T The immigration of fish with four and five winter rings in 1916 and to some extent in 1917 is in marked contrast to the findings of previous years, when no such phenomenon was observed. The only factor or the chief factor which can account for this change is the restricted fishing. In 1914¢ there was evidence that within the area from the Farnes to the Tees there was a smaller area stretching from the Coquet to Seaham in which segregation took place according to age. From the central portion of this smaller area the samples yielded more of the younger herring than did those from the northern and southern portions, where herrings with three winter * Report, New Series, VII. + [b5id. } Report, New Series, IV., page 22. 24 rings were found in higher numbers. These conditions are similar to those which obtained in 1916, except that in 1916 the area in which segregation took place was of greater extent, and the herrings were older and the evidence of segregation disappeared in the latter part of July with the immigration of older herrings. The age composition of the samples of trawled herrings from the Dogger Bank and off the Yorkshire coast has been shown in previous reports to differ from that of the Northumberland Coast herring in that every year the samples contained older fish, and different year classes predominated. SPAWNING.—During the period of our investigations there has been little evidence of spawning to any extent in the waters of the district, and most of the evidence we have has been obtained from haddocks which have been feeding on herring eggs. No sample of spawning fish has been examined, and the sample con- taining most mature fish came from 12 miles east of Craster, 26th August, 1916, and had about 25 per cent. of full fish ready for spawning.* Since 1915, we have received reports of the presence of full fish, larger and more developed than the general run of the herrings landed at the ports in the latter part of August, and occasionally records of spent fish have been received. On the 4th and 5th of October, 1915, large ripe fish, the roe and milt running, were landed at North Shields, but not in any great quantity. “Spawny”’ haddocks have been landed by trawlers in the latter part of August and in September, and records of their place of capture have been given in previous reports. Although evidence of full and spawning fish has been more plentiful since 1915, we have no evidence to show that our coast has been a spawning ground to anything like the extent as would appear to be the case some twenty years ago when the shoals of Berwick Bay, the Longstone, and Craster Smooth provided the chief fishing of the district. Fishing for herrings then began in August, at the earliest towards the end of J uly, and was continued into September. The herrings passed from mature to spents towards the end of August, and were replaced by a shoal of smaller but full herrings. Berwick Bay and Craster Smooth yielded he.rings about ten inches in length, which is about the average * Report, New Series, VI., page 11. 25 size for herrings with four winter cings, and these were classified by herring curers as mat-fulls. Larger herrings were caught on the ground to the north-east of the Longstone. Fishing now begins as soon as the herrings appear off the coast. In April drifters come to North Shields. They catch herrings for bait for line fishing about 100 miles from the port, and as soon as the young herrings come nearer the coast the shoals are fished, and the fishery is pursued with increasing intensity from May to September, smaller quantities being caught towards the middle and end of September and the beginning of October. For the five years, 1910 to 1914, the yearly average of Northumberland Coast herrings landed at the ports of Northumberland was 508,000 ewts. It is not urged that protective measures ought to be taken in connexion with our local herring shoals, as so far as is known the fishing is still highly productive. But it is thought desirable to draw attention to the intensity with which the shoal is fished, to the length of the fishing season, to the age composition of the shoal, and to compare the area as a spawning ground with its position some twenty years ago. Grow TH (Table I.)—When reporting on the herrings examined in 1913,* a table was given to show the average size at the forma- tion of the winter rings for each year group of the samples. This method of analysis is considered deficient in that it does not show the variation which occurs, and whilst the average growth of the Northumberland Coast herring differs from that of oceanic herring as sampled by Hjort at Stornoway and the Shetlands,} it is not thought that the growth determinations expressed as averages can yield the whole of the information desired and show differ- ences, if any exist, for shoals of North Sea herrings. The period elapsing between hatching and the formation of the first winter ring varies according to the spawning time of the adult. It is therefore assumed that any difference of growth between two or more shoals of herring will be most evident from a consideration of the growth made to the formation of the first winter ring, and also that any mixing of shoals as suggested by Hjort and Lea for a sample of herrings caught off Grimsby? will * Report New Series, II. + Pub. de Cir., No. 53. ft Pub. de Cir,, No. 61, page 9. 26 be evident from similar treatment of the samples. Hjort’s Grimsby sample gave less evidence of mixing as the herrings grew older, and the growth attained at the formation of the third winter ring more nearly approached uniformity. The first year growth of a number of the herrings examined at Cullercoats has therefore been determined and expressed to the nearest centimetre, a growth of from 7:6 to 8-5 being taken as 8cms. The whole of the samples for 1913, 1914 and 1915 have been treated in this manner. Time has not allowed of a similar treatment of the whole of the samples of other years, but selected samples have been examined. 1913.—The samples of 1913 were small, especially at the begin- ning of the investigations. The table setting forth particulars relating to growth is therefore slightly different from the rest of the tables which give similar data, but it is thought the table will be found to supply sufficient detail for purposes of comparison. Herrings with two winter rings from the Northumberland Coast shoal (A to M) had on the whole a greater first year growth than those from the shoals of trawled herring (N to X), the parti- culars relating to them being summarised as follows :—- PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Samples. 4 5 6 a 8 9 10 11 i, il: 14 Nos. AtoM ... — ae 0-5 aL 8 15 24 27 18 6 f a2@ N to X. .... — a — 6 16 2 25 18 9 2 — 167 Herrings with three winter rings were the predominant year class of the Northumberland Coast shoal, and differed little in their first year growth from fish of the same age amongst the trawled samples, the growth being as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Samples. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ial 12 ale 14 Nos. Ato M .:. Of 0:3 3 8 26 26 iby 13 6 0-5 O°3 aie N to-X 2... 0:4 0:8 9 7 21 2 18 12 6 0-4 — 254 The Northumberland Coast herrings with four winter rings had a smaller first year growth than those of the trawled samples, the growth being as foilows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES, Samples. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1% AtoM ... — 2 6 24 o4 18 7 rd NOS 2327 0:2 1 t 17 27 25 15 9 13 14 Nos. bw bv rom) Ro Pa Or CT oo bo Oo © 27 Both the herrings of three and four winter rings of the North- umberland Coast shoal give indication of the immigration into the shoal in August of fish with a comparatively large first year growth. This change, which is followed in September by an immigration of fish with a slightly smaller first year growth, is not so evident as in 1914, and the size and the scattered nature of the origin of the samples make it desirable that this immigration be dealt with when considering the samples of 1914. 1914.—The greater part of the herrings with two winter rings in the samples of 1914 had made a growth of from 9 to 12 cm to the formation of the first winter ring. These fish were found in the samples in varying numbers, and as has already been pointed out the numbers varied with the position of capture (page 23). The first year growth of these fish also varies, and the variation would appear to depend upon the numbers in which they were present in the samples. If the samples are arranged so that the sample with the greatest number of herrings with two winter rings comes first and that with the smallest number last, it is seen that the growth attained up to the formation of the first winter ring increases as the numbers decrease. PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 lal 12 13 14 #£Nos. 7 —- — “= 6 14 20 20 23 TZ, 3 2 THES D = — Z 10 15 22, yo) 19 7 re 1 110 Zr — _- —- 3 8 ies 29 26 15 8 78 10 — 1 3 6. ate ih Pap iff) aly 6 if 66 4 ——- —-- — 4 8 15 25 30 9 9 — 53 9 5 19 29 26 21 — — 42 6 — —- -— — D 10 18 39 18 8 if 39 3 —- —- oe —_— 6 3 Hal 28 36 ib¢/ — 36 8 — — = = —— 3 13 45 29 10 a sl Sample 10 is somewhat different from the other samples, suggesting a mixture of fish with different. first year growths. It will be seen later that this sample shows a change of growth for herrings with three and four winter rings. | The herrings with three winter rings were the predominant year class. The first sample examined, sample 1, was taken 30th April 100 miles east of the Tyne. It contained 49 fish, 10-5 per cent., with three winter rings, and the growth of these fish up to formation of the first winter ring is so like that for the fish 28 of similar age in sample 2 that it would appear the herrings of three winter rings present’ 100 miles from the coast at the end of April had by the middle of May arrived on the grounds of the Northumberland Coast herrings. The bulk of the fish had in their first year made a growth of from 8 to 11 cm.; 80 per cent. with this growth was in sample | and 81 per cent. in sample 2, or expressed differently, samples 1 and 2 contained 56 and 57 per cent. respectively, with a growth of from 8 to 9 cm., and both had 14 and 10 per cent., with a growth of 10 and 11 cm. It was stated when reporting on the samples of 1914* that sample | consisted of recovering spents and virgin fish, and that the gonads owing to their condition gave difficulty in the exact determination of their state. It would appear from the above that at this time of the year, April, when it is stated by fishermen that they can catch sufficient herrings for bait purposes almost anywhere in the North Sea, that there is a mixing of shoals, which is followed by segrega- tion of the younger year groups to partake of a feeding migration to waters nearer the coast. | The first year growth to the nearest centimetre for the herrings of three winter rings in the 1914 samples is here expressed in per- centages :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 74 8 9 10 11 12 13 4) SRotal2 1 — 2, 7 6 26 30 14 10 2 6 — 49 2 — 2 1 15 28 29 14 10 = 1 — 80 3 — — if 14 29 19 ily Til 8 2 — 124 4 — — 4 11 34 29 11 5 3 2 — 147 5 — 1 4 11 38 25 118° 3 2 1 1 97 6 — 2 9 14 28 25 10 9 yZ 1 — 150 # — 3 10 21 27 2 9 5 1 — = ilily¢ 8 — — 4 14 ae 30 al: 9 5 2 1 132 9 1 — 5 tS 29 20 13 LS + y2 — 165 10 — ul 2. 17 18 24 15 13 6 3 — 96 If these data for the Northumberland Coast herring be arranged as below, it will be seen that there was during the latter part of June and in July an addition to the shoal of fish with a small first year growth. Towards the end of July herrings with a larger first year growth began to arrive, and were present in considerable numbers in sample 10 taken towards the end of August. * Report, New Series, IV., page 23. 29 Percentage with Percentage with Sample. first year growth first vear growth Date. less than 8 cm. greater than 9 cm. eee be 18 ee oe 25 aes Bae 19th May. Soar ase 15 tae Bio 38 Sif ee &th June. 4... a 15 ARC wee 21 eas sis 22nd June. oe AG 16 pee ws 20 ne wate 6th July. Gre ses 25 ae Ph 22, Sc sae 13th July. (see i 34 £36 ae 15 s8e See 20th July. Sie she 18 oer Bers 28 cae ae 27th July. ae sists 19 a Sas 32 ors ac 5th August. Oe. Ase 20 Bes a of hs sisi 24th August. Herrings with four winter rings were present in sample 1 in large numbers, and comprised 32 per cent. of the sample. But herrings of this age did not come into the Northumberland Coast shoal in any large numbers, or if they did so, the number was hidden by the predominant year class with three winter rings. During June and July the greater number of these fish had a growth of 8 and 9 cm. In August, fish with a larger first year growth arrived, and in sample 10 the greater part of the fish were those which had made a first year growth of 9 and 10 cm. This will be evident from the following table, which gives the first year growth of herrings with four winter rings. PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES, Sample. + 5 6 G 8 ¥ 10 iby 12 13 14 Total 1 — 1 — 1 18 33 16 14 10 6 2 ol 2 = = = — 54 24 8 8 = 8 == 13 3 = = = 8 22 24 16 16 8 6 z 51 4 = = = 8 3 Alt 13 13 8 3 = 38 5) == == = 9 3 19 13 9 9 6 == 32 6 = = 2 5 30 20 18 18 7 — = 40 i = = = 25 12 = 38 1 iy = = 8 8 = 2 2 5 24 25 1y/ 15 8 2 = 59 9 — = 4 16 12 44 8 8 8 = = 25 10 — = 2 4 13 25 36 1 9 = = 53 In relation to the above, which shows the late arrival of herrings of three and four winter rings which have made a com- paratively large growth up to the formation of the first winter ring, we have to note the growth increment made during the year when captured. The samples of 1913* gave evidence of a change in the shoals during the beginning of September, shown by the samples having a smaller growth increment for 1913 than those captured earlier * Report New Scries, III., page 63. 50 in the season. The growth increments made by the herrings in 1914 showed a somewhat similar change as follows :— Growth increment made during 1914 by herrings with Sample. Three winter rings. Four winter rings. Date. 2 ae ileal SEs aa 0-7 . Pat 19th May. Dae ee 1:6 507 ie 0-8 ee 0% 8th June. + 1:6 st wate joi sats Ate 22nd June. Sige a pei ae Bar 1:0 ee At 6th July. 6..% soe 2-0 a»: Pie 1:0 Se aos 13th July. Cass 22 = ee ibei! ity Bers 20th July. yes 2-3 are an ily ae sts 27th July. 9.. Died 1-4 ae ccs 5th August. LO ley; 1-0 ed slate 24th August. Evidently a change takes place in our local shoal toward: the latter part of July, fish with a comparatively large first year growth increasing in number. This change continues during August, and by the latter part of that month or the beginning of September (1913) the change which has taken place is such that the average growth increment for the year of capture has been influenced. This is of interest when connected with the time’ of fishing some twenty years ago, when the herring season for our coast did not begin until August, the latter part of July at the earliest, and shoals of full herring were fished towards the end of August and the beginning of September. Sample 11, 1914, was taken 8th September 30 miles 8.E. by KE. of Hartlepool. When considering the age composition it was pointed out that the samples of 1916 denoted the mouth of the Tees as being approximately the southern limit of the Northum- berland Coast shoal. The age composition of samples 2 to 10, Northumberland Coast herrings, and of sample 11 here follow :— WINTER RINGS. Samples. a 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 to 10 0-4 27-0 51-0 1520 5:0 1:0 0-5 O-1 O-L LAD — 4-5 50°-5 24-0 14:5 Pry 3:0 i-0 0-5 Whilst the predominant year class is still that with three winter rings, sample 11 is marked by the small percentage of younger fish, and the higher percentages of older fish. There were nine herrings only with two winter rings, and the first year growth of these was generally greater than the average for those 51 of the same age in samples 2 to 10, being as follows :—1 at 9 cm., Z av 10 cm., 1 at 11 cm., 2 at 12m et. 13 cm. and at 14 em. The first year growth made by herrings of three and four winter rings in sample 11 was as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. NONE 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11+ M2 Se 14 Nos. Rings. 3 = 1 Pov t- o6"5) 16° 414 Om as 8 2 100 4 A> = ee 6 | 40-39 os TS 4 4. , eS Of herrings with three winter rings having a greater first year growth than 9 cm. there was 48 per cent., a higher percentage than in any of the Northumberland Coast samples, which had an average of 26 per cent., and a maximum of 38 per cent. of fish making a growth of over 9 cm. in the first year. These fish also give indication of a mixture of two growth groups. The first year growth of the herrings with four winter rings is practically the same as that found in the Northumberland samples in August. Two samples of Yorkshire Coast trawled herring, samples 12 and 13, coming from ca. 70 miles E.S.E. of the Tyne, yielded a first year growth for herrings with two, three and four winter rings as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. hana 5 6 7 8 Qed) at oe se eee 2 eee ee! 3 9 18 Seas 6 12 23 6 ~aaBA 3 ey Se 2 ge) Roe O7N Ue omens et 2 1 99% 4 ee pee 5 SiO. 28. | ah whiz 6 3 64 The herrings of two winter rings though present in small number suggest a mixture of fish with different growths for the first year. Those with three winter rings had 48 per cent. which had made a first year growth of 8 and 9 cm., 10 per cent. with a erowth of less than 8 cm., and 41 per cent. with a growth greater than 9 cm. They were different therefore from the Northun- berland Coast herring in that more fish were present with a growth of more than 9 cm. Herrings of four winter rings had made a first year growth greater on the whole than those of either the Northumberland Coast or the Yorkshire Coast drift net herrings, and whilst containing fish of a similar growth to those obtained * 1 at 15 centimetres. 82 from the other localities, the samples for this year class, as also for the year class with two winter rings, points to a mixture of at least two growth groups, one having a growth similar to the herrings of the Northumberland coast and the other group having a larger growth. 1915.—The samples of 1915,* whilst only three in number, allow of comparison between Northumberland Coast herrings (sample 1) and those trawled from the Yorkshire coast, about 70 miles E.S.E. of the Tyne (samples 2 and 3). _ The first year gcowth of fish with two winter rings in these samples expressed as percentages was as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. a a) 6 if 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Nes. 1 = = = = t 12 18 28 2 14 = 50 2 2 3 14 22 39 15 7 2 65 3 = == = 3 i 11 23 23 1h 11 —— Bi) The herrings with two winter rings from the Northumberland coast had a slightly larger growth than those of the trawled — herrings. For the herrings with three winter rings, the same can be said. The first year growth of this year class was as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ils 14 Nos. 1 — 1 4 4 29 21 20 8 1 2 eet 2 = 5 yA 30 24 10 7 3 — — 154 3 9 29 36 19 4 3 — — 114 The percentages here differ from those of 1914 when there were more herrings with a larger first year growth amongst the _trawled samples. The herrings with four winter rings from the trawled samples of the Yorkshire coast had as in 19i4 a larger growth than the Northumberland Coast fish, and the particulars were as follows :-— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 q 8 9 10 11 2 13 14 Nos. al — — — 3 3 ii 32 11 8 — — — 38 2 — 3 3 14 22, 23 19 13 1 1 == 64 3 = —= — 13 23 30 21 11 2. = = 56 1916.—It has been shown from a consideration of the age com- position of the samples taken in June and July, 1916, that the * Report, New Series, V.. page 19, ORIGIN OF HERRING SAMPLES OF 1916. 3 a ’ ee 4 “ee + 2? te wy | ? ede d Teh te cr ee ee % 35 Northumberland Coast shoal was limited by the Farne Islands to the north, and the region of the mouth of the Tees to the south, and also that during August the herrings with four winter rings were more abundant in the northern portion of the fishing ground than the southern. A consideration of the first year growth of the samples for which the growth has been calculated shows a somewhat similar limitation of the shoal, especially in the south, and also a distribution along the coast according to the first year growth, the herrings with the greater first year growth being more plentiful in the southern portion. The samples of June and early July, for which the first year erowth has been determined and their date of capture, are Al, 27th June; Bi, 30th June; 2, 6th June; Cl, 13th July. The position of capture will be seen on Chart I. The first year growth of herrings with four winter rings indicates a slight difference between samples Al and Bl, the former having more fish with a first vear growth of 8 cm. and over than the latter. Sample 2 coming from the southern portion of the fishing ground contains fish with a greater first year growth than those from the northern portion, samples Al and Bl; and sample Cl, marking the southern limit of the grounds, gives evidence of a mixture of fish having a similar first year growth to those of sample 2, with fish having a smaller first year growth. The first year growth of herrings with four winter rings in these samples here follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Samples. 4 5 6 a. 8 9 10 dig 12 13 14. Nos. Al 6 aN 16 26 26 9 5 1 i — — 44 Bl 5 - 9 20 a 21 7 4 — — — — 56 2 2, a 9 22 32 22 3 3 i — —— slop C1 8 16 10 23 PAT 10 5 1 — — — 115 Herrings with three winter rings also vary in the first year growth with the place of capture. Sample Al contained only 27 fish of this age, and on the whole they had a larger first year growth than fish of a similar age in sample Bl. Sample 2 had fewer fish than sample Bl with a first year growth less than 8 cm., and sample Cl differed from sample 2 in the same way as was found for herring with four winter rings, there being indications of an addition of fish with a comparatively smal! first year growth. The particulars are as follows :— 34 PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Nos Al — — — ala l 26 18 30 il 4 — — 27 Bl if 6 14 18 23 21 12 4 — — — 138 2 af 2, 4 11 31 25 16 5 4 1 —_ 98 Cl 2 1 13 13 27 24 9 2 2 _ o> 45 Of herrings with five winter rings there were six only in sample Bl. Those of sample Al had a smaller first year growth than those in sample 2, and sample Cl again differs from sample 2, and in the same way as found for the herrings with three and four winter rings, but sample 2 with 15 per cent. with a first year growth of 5 em. probably also gives evidence of a mixture of growth groups. The first year growth was as follows :—- Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 se 13 14 Nos. Al int ia 22 29 De 2 3 — = —- — 65 2 3 15 2 15 36 9 9 — — — — 33 C1 9 20 20 22, 13 itil 4 — — — — 45 Sample 4 was taken 16th August; sample 5, 22nd August ; and sample D1, 26th August; and as will be seen from the chart they represent different parts of the fishing ground. Herrings with four winter rings had in August become the predominant year class throughout the area, and the samples show, as will be seen from the following data, the fish of this age with a compara- tively large first year growth more abundant in the southern portion of the area. These samples when compared with those of June and early July give evidence that fish with a compara- tively large first year growth had joined the shoal in August as happened in 1914. The first year growth for herrings with four winter rings here follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ial 12 13 £4) NOs, D1 if 4 UES 31 26 14 6 3 — 1 — 141 4 1 5 14 24 24 rail G 4 if = — 106 5 —_ 3 8 14 26 25 12 8 2 = —_— 86 The numbers of fish with three winter rings are too small to | admit of comparison, but those of five winter rings are of interest. — When the examination of sample Dl was being made note was ~ taken that about a fourth of the sample was found to be ready for spawning.* ‘Twenty-five per cent. of the sample consisted of * Report, New Series, VI., page 11. " & 55 herrings with five winter rings, and not one had made a first year growth of less than 6 cm., and 80 per cent. had a first year growth of 6to8cm. As will be seen below, sample 5 differs from sample 4. PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Nos. D1 — — 29 20 24 11 3 5 62 + 3 +) 22, 39 19 7 3 2 == == = 59 5 it 14 17. 26 21 11 a 1 — — = 73 Sample A4 came form the northern part of the fishing ground in the beginning of September, the 9th. It shows evidence of the change mentioned for September, 1913, brought about by the addition of fish with a comparatively small first year growth. The pacticulars relating to the first year growth made by the fish of this sample here follow :—- PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. es 4 5 6 7 8 CewelO Nec. ioe aie Rings. 3 Ne ies 2940) OF TGhN Sin oe ae ee 4 1 8 19 24 17 ~* 20 8 en 5 3 eigen y: es ae ee ee 1917.*—‘Sample Al came from 15 miles N.E. of 14 — — 125 = 4 Berwick, 7th July, and sample 2 came from 24 miles N.E. by N. of the Tyne, 20th July. The difference between the first year growth of the herrings with three and four winter rings in these samples is comparable with the ditference found between the samples of 1916 in June and July when it was shown that sample Cl which marked the southern limit of our fishing grounds bore evidence of mixing of growth groups. Sample 2 of 1917 differs from sample Al, having a greater range of growth for the majority of the fish, and the herrings of four winter rings give indication of a mixing of growth groups. The first year growth of herrings with three winter rings here follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Al — — 2 8 23 3 PAA if 2 -- 2 1 1 7 13 22 22 17 15 2 1 14. Nos. = 84 ame tC) The first year growth of herrings with four winter rings was as follows :— * Report, New Series, VII., page 8, 36 PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES, Sample. 4 5 6 ia 8 9 10 11 1, 13 14 =Nos. Al — 2 9 13 36 20 112 7 1 — — 126 22 1 5 19 20 15 23 15 2; — — — 110 Samples A3 and A5, 9th August and 5th September respec- tively, show the change which has been observed to take place in other years at the beginning of September, the addition to the shoal of herrings with a comparatively small first year growth. Sample A3 had nineteen herrings only with three winter rings. The growth of herrings with four winter rings is here given :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Nos. A3 a 2 7 16 24 22 18 1a — — — 114 AS 2 12 20 32 19 15 4 5 — — — 112 1918.—The first year growth of samples of this year has been determined with the object of showing the relationship between the most northern sample, Al, 15 miles N.E. of Berwick, 26th June, and the fish of the Northumberland coast, represented by sample 1, 10 miles N.E. of the Tyne, 12th July, and also the change in the shoal which has been shown to take place during August of previous years. Sample Al for fish with three and four winter rings had a smaller first year growth than had sample 1, and thus the two samples can be compared with the samples of 1916, which showed the fish with the largest first year growth more abundant in the southern portion of the Northumberland shoal. The first year growth of herrings with three winter rings here follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 rf 8 2 10 MAL 12 13 14 Nes Al 1 3 9 16 29 26 12 + 1 = —= i = 2 2 12 26 22 22 11 1 aan == 85* Herrings with four winter rings had the following first year growth :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ial 12 13 14 eNos- Al 6 —_ 1s PA 7233 19 9 4 2, — — 47 1 — ye 8 18 22, 22, 14 6 2 —_— — 112 * One av 15 cm. 37 The August samples, A2, 4, 10, came from practically the same locality on the 2nd, 6th and 22nd respectively. They indicate in the case of the herrings with three winter rings the joining of the shoal in August of fish with a comparatively large first year growth, and towards the end of August the coming of fish with a smaller first year growth. The first year growth for herrings with three winter rings was as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1: 12 13 14 Nos. A2. — — 2 a 25 28 22 8 2 — — 126 4 — — — 1 18 33 30 14 5 — — 101 10 — — 2 11S 31 35 14 3 —_ —_ — 104 Herrings with four winter rings were not the predominant year class in 1918, and sample A2 contained fifteen fish only of this age. The other two August samples show the same difference for fish with four winter rings as they do for those a year younger. The first year growth was as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sample. 4 5 6 a 8 9 10 11 a2 13 14 Nos. A4 — — — 6 39 34 20 il — -— — 70 10 _ — 2 26 31 27 ily 1 — — — 81 From the foregoing consideration of the first year growth made by the herrings of the Northumberland Coast shoal it would appear that there are continued additions to the shoal throughout the season. The herrings appear off the coast in May coming from deeper water, being in April 100 miles from the coast (sample I, 1914). During June and July there are additions to the shoal of fish which have made a comparatively small first year growth, and these are followed in August by fish with a larger first year growth, which in sample 10, 1914, showed a decreased growth for the year of capture. In September, there is a further addition to the shoal of fish with a comparatively small first year growth. It is assumed that these changes are brought about by immigration into the shoal and not by emigration from it. Whilst emigration may take place there is no evidence of it, and it is thought that the heavy fishing to which the shoal is subjected makes immigration necessary to maintain the herring population of the fishing ground. -88 It would appear also that the shoal increased in extent after the restrictions of 1915. It extended in 1916 as far south as the mouth of the Tees, evidence of mixing of growth groups being obtained from this region. The extent northwards is difficult to estimate from the first year growth, but from a consideration of age composition the Farne Islands in 1916 seem to be its northern limit. In 1917, the shoal, viewed from the ficst year geowth, extended north of St. Abbs, and gave evidence of mixing about the region of the Coquet. If the shoal had moved north to this extent in 1917 and had its southern limit in the vicinity of the Coquet, the same cannot be said with any certainty to have obtained in 1918. Sample 1 of 1918 may be taken as giving slight indications of mixing, and the fish with four winter rings of samples 4 and 10 had a first year growth which reminds one of the growth of the samples from the southern portion of the region in 1916. The distribution along the coast according to the growth attained at the formation of the first winter ring, as observed in the samples of 1916, is of interest, but it cannot at present be connected with any other phenomenon. RETURN OF HERRINGS TO THE SHOAL.—By considering the first year growth of the different age groups in their successive years, €.g., by taking the herrings of two winter rings in 19138, and so on to the fish with five winter rings in 1916, an indication will be given of the extent to which the herrings of the Northum- berland coast return to the same ground with increasing age. This has been done for four year groups, the fish with two winter rings in 1913, 1914, 1915 and 1916. All the samples for which the first year growth has been determined are not included in their respective years. The aim has been to fairly represent the shoals, and where changes have been observed, as sample 10 of 1914 and sample D1 of 1916, which contained 25 per cent. of fish ready for spawning, and where a year class is very poorly represented these samples have been omitted. Whilst the omitting of a sample has been considered the fairest way of considering the matter with our present know- ledge, yet in scme cases little difference is shown in the final percentages determined. The herrings with two winter rings in 1913 had a much larger first year growth than those of three, four and five winter rings 39 in the following years. Those with three winter rings of 1914 had practically the same first year growth as the fish with four winter rings in 1915. But in 1916, when the herrings had five winter rings, this year class gave a smaller first year growth than in previous yeacs. The data are as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. any aa 5 6 7 8 No epi Ia Siena: Rings. 1913 2 = 05 1 8 15 24 27 18 6 1 1914 3 0-1 1 Be [Mee BOL 625 12 8 4 1 02 1915 4 = — Hee 3%. 32 11 So Rae tes 1916 5 6 10 19 98 24 9 a oe pe The herrings with two winter rings in 1914 had, like those of the previous year, a higher first year growth than the fish of three winter rings in 1915, which had also a larger first year growth than the herrings with four winter rings in 1916. The herrings with five winter rings in 1917 had a growth the same as the herrings of four winter rings of 1916. The particulars of the first year growth of this year class here follow :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Winter Year. ‘ 4 5 6 G 8 9 10 11 yy? 118; 14 Rings. 1914 2 eee 04 Avo Se ectGt. 2006 627 | 5 6 1 1915 3 =e 1 a C1: es 11) 8 1 7 a 1916 4 Jee cide O30 7 ote es 6 cee 1917 5 1 gle) DORN moar eos 8 3 a There were only 55 herrings with two winter rings in 1915, and the first year growth made by these was greater than the average for the two previous years, but not greater than that found in some of the sample of 1914, when it has been seen the first year growth of herrings of this age varied with the number present in the samples. Unlike the two previous year classes considered above, the herrings of three, four and five winter rings have practically the same growth for the first year, the data being as follows :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Tepe Ce 4 5 6 7 8 Ge 10) 4 Pies is et Rings. 1915 2 a feito 48> ler 824, tae = 1916 3 0-9 3 QP Is.) 24 99° “17 6 Pes) ee 1917 4 0-4 Siete 17m 26). 20°. 915 6 a 1918 : fet 3 6 14 32 21 44 4 eee r= *JIn 1915, only one sample of the Northumberland Coast herrings was examined. It contained thirty-eight fish with four winter rings. 40 The herrings with two winter rings of 1916 had three in 1917, and four winter rings in 1918. They again show a larger first year growth than in succeeding years, but not so large a growth as that made by fish of the same age in previous years. The first year growth of fish of three and four winter rings is again the same. The particulars here follow :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Winter 2 Year. we: 4 5 6 fl 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Rings. ) 1916 2 — — 4 7 24 35 25 4 2 — 1917 3 0-3 0-7 4 13 23 26 19 11 2 0-7 — 1918 4 —- 1 4 ley, 29 PAL 16 1 0-4 — From the consideration of the above it would appear that the herrings return to the Northumberland Coast shoal after the formation of the third winter ring. 1916, the year following the restricted fishing of 1915, gives a decreased first year growth for herrings with four and five winter rings, but apart from this year the first year growth shows practically no variation, and it is assumed that this factor points to the yearly return of the herrings, The first year growth made by herrings with two winter rings was always greater than that found in succeeding years, but it was distinctly smaller for fish of this age in 1916. The samples of 1917 contained 17 fish only having two winter rings; these were all in one sample, the growth of which has not been deter- mined. The 1918 herrings with two winter rings had a first. year growth smaller than those of 1916, the particulars being as follows:— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. a Wint ‘ : Weare oo Sk 5 6 7 8 9 10 itt (2 Unsieee Rings 1918 2 = = 1 6 16 32 27 26 i) There is evidence of a change in respect to the herrings with two winter rings, and the data point to fish of this age with a much smaller first year growth and probably from a different spawning ground being present in the Northumberland shoal in 1916 and 1918. This and the increased first year growth for fish of five winter rings are probably due to the restricted fishing, which following the heavy fishing to which in previous years the shoal was subjected, would bring about an increased first year growth for fish of five winter rings, if Lee * is correct that the fish with a small first year growth are late in joining the shoal. * Pub. de Cir., No. 66. 4] But there is a considerable difference between the first year — growth of fish with two winter rings in 1918 and the first year growth of any of the older fish of this or other years, and this factor is probably explained by the work of Professor Meek, in which he showed that the relationship between the size of the scale and the length of the herring varied with size and age.” THE Firre or Forth Herrineg.—A sample of herrings was obtained from the Firth of Forth, between Prestonpans and Mussel- burgh, on the Ist of February, 1917, and the age composition of this sample was given in the Report for that year. Owing to the edge of the scale and the last winter ring coinciding the age of the sample has been reported * as being a year younger than it was. There was no fish in this sample with less than five winter rings, and the fish from the state of the gonads came from a spawning shoal. There is a close relationship between the first year growth of the herrings of this sample and that made by the herrings of the Northumberland Coast shoal. Samples 4 and 5 taken 1916, and representing the herrings present off our coast in August, in which month herrings with four winter rings have been shown to join the local shoal, have a first year growth for fish with four winter rings very like that of the Firth of Forth herrings. Sample D1 is not used for the purpose of comparison, for it has been stated that this sample contained 25 ‘per cent. of fish ready for spawning. The samples of 1917 had also a similar first year growth for fish with five winter rings. The particulars here follow :— PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Sanplees Wee oO a ee be BO. AO: al 12 ‘ Rings. Northumber- land ee OMG 4 0-5 4 a 19 25) jap 9 6 2 Firth of Forth 1917 D = 3 ALL 11835 Zo 30 mt 6 i Northumber- land soe ay 5 1 5 iil 22 27 yap 8 3 — Herrings a year older, that is, with five winter rings in the Northumberland samples of 1916, and with six winter rings in the Firth of Forth sample, have a still closer relationship in the first year growth, the particulars being as follows :— * Report, New Series. V., page 11. 7 Report, New Series, VI., page 18, 42, PERCENTAGE AT CENTIMETRES. Winter Sample. : 4 5 6 ¢ 8 9 10 a1 Rings. Northumberland a ae 5 6 10 19 28 24 9 4 0-7 Firth of Forth ae ms: 6 2, ale 15 28 20 i, 10 il The fluctuations in the catches of herrings during the winter fishing in the Firth of Forth bear a closer relationship to those of the Northumberland coast than they do to those of the summer fisheries of the Firth of Forth. The accompanying table shows the catches for the fisheries above mentioned. The quantities for the Northumberland shoal are those landed on the Northumberland coast only, and do not include any landed at Durham ports. During 1911 and 1912, there was a decline in the catches from the Northumberland Coast and the summer fisheries of the Firth of Forth, followed in 1913 by a slight increase in the Firth of Forth fisheries, but by a large increase, the catch being almost three times as large, in the North- umberland fishery. The Firth of Forth winter fishing also shows fluctuations, but there is no decrease until 1913, which is followed in 1914 by a large increase from 42,737 cwts. in 1913 to 143,467 ewts. in 1914. This increase is so large that it can hardly have been brought about by the slight increase of 1913 in the Firth of Forth summer fishing, when the catches were only about one- seventh greater than in 1912, and is much more closely related to the Northumberland fishery, the catches for which increased from 285,895 cwts. in 1912 to 695,680 cwts. in 1913. 438 ‘puvpyjoog ‘prvog Aroysi] ‘sqtodoy WoT y nnn LIG‘SIZ 028‘ Lez 6S6‘26T CPP'LS 908° LFS 089‘°S69 C68°CR8S F2S OSPF 606082 ‘(SSULLIOH PoMVIT, $8927) SLUOd AGNVIMAAWOHLYON LV GHYANVT SONIMUAH — LGG‘GP L6Z'66 STL‘P GPP ‘SS LES‘°S6 06¢'T8 SEC'SIT OST‘9ST — Litas $9S — F96'S C90‘TS 86E'9T L¥6'63 CTFSS i Joy ysuy — TI@ TGS°T FCT OLS‘T 69L'T 600% T98 CEPT the YpleT —_ 628'CF CSL FUG 809'9F 602L‘02 €81°S9 HE2ZeLS 66296 ih yNowoAy « (Loquovoq ISTE OF ATE IST) ONIHSIA WAWWOAS LVM) | -— 60ST S6F‘'8T | 868 9 990'CF GLO 6F OLOTF CC6 GP 961'96 | a ees — 60L 616 | OFT 862 O8L'9 1OL‘S 6z0°9 62261 ah IOYyNAPSUY a L9¢°T T¢8 | 6LT SL, 182 E26 CG8'T CL8S as WET — SST TL £99°CT | 6ET°9 CHoOP ISGP 986°LE 8E0'°8E C6 SZ aa YMoudAG. | x (oun U}0E 0} TMdV 4ST) ONTHSIA WHNWNWOAS ATUVE — 9G ‘ZE LOV‘9T LIZ‘SE LOF‘SFT LEL‘GP L06‘TL TSTE-OZ 6809 — L08°61 916°2 LE9°GS OOS FOL CPGeLe 999°8G $66 FS CLL‘6S B09 Jot NI}suy — ICP SL 1618 CSOT CEL6S OLF‘OT 960°8 FOSS 6FE'ST ia WoT — — = GEOG E86 SIO'T GO%‘G FE0°2 OL wes WnMowoA SI6L “LIGL “OT6L “CIGI “FIOL ‘SIGL “SI6T “TIGT “OIGT 4V + (QoIvW ISTE 07 Arenuve 4si) DNTASTA UALNIM DNIWAC CHANVTI SONIHUAH AO ALILNVAD 44 After 1914 war conditions affected the herring fishing, and comparsion cannot be made. The samples of 1914 showed a change in the growth increment made during that year, fish with a small growth for 1914 being found in sample 10. MHerrings with three winter rings in 1914 would have six winter rings in 1917, and in order to see if this difference of growth has any connexion with the Firth of Forth herrings the growth made by fish with six winter rings in the Firth of Forth sample during the periods between the formation of the third and fourth and fourth and fifth winter rings has been determined and is shown graphically on the opposite page, together with similar details relating to the growth of herrings with five winter rings. It will be observed that the Firth of Forth sample contains fish which during the years under consideration made varying growths. The connexion shown above between the hetrings of the Northumberland coast and the winter fishery of the Forth of Forth naturally brings forward the question of the spawning which is known to take place off the Northumberland coast in August and September. The opinion held at present, but which is open to modification with the obtaining of additional data, is that the young herrings on attaining first maturity may spawn in the autumn, and that these may be joined by older fish maturing at the same time; afterwards the herrings which passed their earlier years in summer and autumn shoals off the Northumberland coast tend to become spring spawners in the Firth of Forth. It is not intended at present to express any opinion as to spring and autumn spawning hertings in general, or as to what extent other summer shoals of the North Sea may be spring spawners, but it is hoped that the investigations now being con- ducted will throw further light upon the subject. e e ee@e eeesee® +.) e@oeee @eoee SBeeee ete e@eendee e@eeeesen eseeese8@e weoeeeastorte Winter Rings $ WINTER RINGS 6 SAMPLE. FORTH Pine OF t, and t, for herrings with 5 and 6 winter rings. Sample. FIRST YEAR GROWTH.—HERRINGS WITH TWO WINTER 45 ry TABLE I.—1913 SAMPLES. CENTIMETRES. = 1) aoe 1 te ee 2 1 Se a re ee 2 a hae ee 1 mn 8 7 6 sey, AE ae 1 2 7 Ay: ee ee ee ae) ee te ee 5 TN aes Been late ANY ty 1 ee Bie |e ne 7 see ee 2 1 2 gn meee cae 9 ace) | gta sear reese 3 2 (eee ae 6 Bee, ee eek |, 1 i 3 te 6 % 4 ae | 1 1 1 2 5 2 ee N a ay |e 2 2 7 0 6 Toa ees | | — or ~I © ~I bo | w — 46 TABLE I.—1913 SAMPLES. FIRST YEAR GROWTH.—HERRINGS WITH THREE WINTER RINGS. CENTIMETRES. eT Rc Sample 4 5 6 a 8 9 10 11 ne 13 14 Total CE Be ea ae ae ce eee [es Pees bed coe | =e A = = — — 13 Ss) i 1 2 = 1 33 B A ee aan es 2 3 Bao 3 4 | aren | eh |e C = = 2 9 19 21 oa 3 1 | = = 59 D = = 5 6 13 9 5 3 1 = = 42 EK == = iL 4 6 8 9 2 ~ = = 39 F _ = 1 2 8 11 5 7 8 i = 43 G — = 2 2 9 10 8 ef 2 = = 40 H _— = 1 5 8 7 13 8 8 = == 50 I = = i! 3 15 12 10 8 3 = 1 53 J = 1 — 7 2 26 19 11 2 1 = 94 K = 1 3 8 33 32 14 15 4 2, = 112 L i == 5 4 26 26 16 105) 2 — = 95 M = = 3 4 12 16 8 A 2 = — 49)" 9 “ ‘ N 1 = = 1 3 6 6 U 1 = — 25a O = = 8 3 7 9 6 : o 1 _— 42 P — — 2 if 2 5 3 3 1 = = aby Q —_ 1 6 5 9 i 7 1 = = — 36 : =) a ee ae eee 1 4 1 1 1| — | =) 8 S —— = 1 1 8 7 7 2 2 = — 28 5 4b — — i 3 1 5 2 5 2 = —_ 19 U —_ = == 2 5 9 5 2 — — — 23 V — U 2 Sane | 5 1 | 3 — — = 14 W — = 1 i 5 4 3 | 1 i = _ 16 xX — = i — 10 ’ 1 2 2 = — 26 ; , FIRST YEAR GROWTH.—HERRINGS WITH FOUR WINTER RINGS. CENTIMETRES. es i Sample. 4 5 6 a 8 9 10 1 12 13 14 Total. A — = — 5 13 3 = 4 == =— — 25 B — — 1 6 6 3 2 E 1 == = 20 C — ee 1 5 10 2 — — — — — 18 D = — 2 8 5 6 al = = = as 22 E — — 1 4 3 6 2 2 1 a if 20 F — 2 a 5 12 4 7 5 == a= — 35 i — — 1 13 14 5 6 3 2 — = 44 H = = 4 4 6 5 3 3 1 1 — oF I —_ — = a 12 8 1 1 — = 1 30 J — 4 4 19 20 10 4 3 2 — — 66 K ose 1 3 11 17 9 i! 2 2 1 — A7 a= il 8 al, 20 12 2 4 1 — — 65 M = s= 1 1 5 2 — : ie = _— = 10 J N il = 4 19 32 19 16 a — — — 98 : O = 2 1 10 16 8 6 7 1 1 — 52 P = 1 1 7 19 19 10 2 1 — = 60 Vad Q = 1 th 13 14 12 3 cee) ee ih ee ee R — — ii 3 9 12 5 2 = — — 32 P > os 8 —_ — 1 4 11 11 8 3 1 1 = 40 A = 2 3 7 10 10 8 2 4 = = 46 U — — 2 8 7 10 4 4 == — = 35 Vv — — 2 10 10 18 9 11 2 if = 63 Ww — — — 2 6 3 5 — if a = ye a < Xx — — 4 8 8 8 5 3 £ 1 — 38 os . 47 TABLE I.—1913 SAMPLES. 48 TABLE I.—1913 SAMPLES. FIRST YEAR GROWTH.—HERRINGS WITH FIVE WINTER RINGS. CENTIMETRES. Sample t 5 6 rhs 8 9 10 A — | — | — 3, —]— 1 B 1 — — 4 6 1 1 Cc Sy) os 9 ee 1 1 — | — -D = = il = — 1 3 * E}| —|/!— | — 3 SEN Sell Jo Fo} — | — 2 57) 2 1 ese meres i ret ge Peel H = | =} —/ = 1 tard 1 I he 2 —- = 1 J = = 3 6 + 3 ae k — — — i 3 1 = L —-|/—} — 1 2 5 | — ie eran anak Mee 1} — | — N — 3 5) 6 11 5 4 O a 1 4 1 5 2 iP. — i 5 2 ii 3 8 Q — 1 2 6 11 6 1 R = = 1 ze 6 i 2 S == — 1 < 6 8 4 T me oF: i eee 5 9 5 i Ret U == == == 2 4 4 4 Vi == i u 7 8 9 6 W == = = 2 3 4 i x ae, a 14 1k 7 4 49 TABLE I—1913 SAMPLES. FiRST YEAR GROWTH.—HERRINGS WITH SIX AND MORE WINTER RINGS. CENTIMETRES. Sample. { 5 6 il 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total. A — —= — = = == — — = = = — B = a == = == =— == = ae = Ee = C = == = = = = — = — = — os D = — —_ =e —_ — — = = = — = E a = — —_ —_ = — ara — — = == F se |) Re ae BS) Be ae 1/—{— 1 G ee eee Ty ge a eS yee 1 H —}— 1 1 1 7 3 1 — |—]{— 14 IT — — — —— 1 2 1 3 — == = <6 J wai = aa 2 3 1 3 -- — -— — 9 K — | — 2{/— 2 1/—}—];]—}]—}] = 5 L — -= -- —- —- — 3 — — — 3 M = = — — —- -- 1 -- “= es — if a | — 1 4 8 i 5 7 1 | — |) = | °33 0) — | — 2 3 a ils! 7 6 | — 1 | — | 37 P = —— 3 7 25 14 15 5 4 = —= 73 Q == — 1 4 8 8 3 2 = — — 26 * R == = 1 3 10 ila 10 = 3 == — 33 SS) — il 3 5 16 4 14 3 3 == — 49 ak — —_ 1 8 18 16 9 6 i 1 —_— 60 U == 1 L 4 13 20 10 9 4 2 —_— 64 vV —= _ 1 4 2 6 9 6 — — — 28 W —_— — —_— 2 1 4 2 = 1 — — 10 LA | | | w x te < = a = | Sample. bo (Su) 50 TABLE I.—1914 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. Winter Rings. ow ur iw) 5 to7 t ees H BP rr Dp HOAORARRNA HH i) mom w CENTIMETRES. 6 | G 8 9 1 33 (Palsy || als: 2, 6 | 26 | 30 = 2750 — TH Healey |) 3383 Aa iy) 424i or By || TBR We 27 lB: Via) ec Us), RPA EPA ye |Farls) Are | PAG! — 4 9} 10 == 2 6 9 — 3 3} |) ab Te |) ae, |e 1} 15 | 28 | 29 —|— a 3 — |—]| 54] 24 —|— 2 1 —|— 6 3 ah || alré |) Ste || 28° ae ot 298 LS — Ae |tik |) alee — Sal e22a oe: il 6 | 14 8 — 2 4 8 —_— 4 8 | 15 6] 16) 50} 438 4/11 | 34 | 29 — By |) alB} 8 -—— 8 | 34 | 21 os 1 4 3 Ae || alate Ve aye] 22! OA ON | ee bee. A Wt Se We24 Alte SS — 3) eal 6 — 9 | 84] 19 — 1 2 4 —|}— 2 4 — | — 5 | 10 E321.) 42 39 9 | 14 | 28 | 25 il 2 ae 8 2 5304) 20 1 5 3 2 a a el 51 TABLE I.—1914 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Sample. | Winter Ses Can aes | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12} 18 | 14 | Tote Rings. | 7 a Nos. == |] = | S|) | S| ee a | 2s 2 Nos, <-.( — |= — | 7.) 16.) 23° |-23,|27 014) 3)) 2 115 % —|— G | 04/205) 2001923" | 12:), 3) 2 | 3 Nos. ...j'— | 4| 12] 24] 31 | 29] 10] 6] 1}—|—Jj 117 % —| 8 OU 27 W25eh Of 5) ed |e ee 4 Nos — | — 2 1 5) I) val 1;—|— Bto7 | Nos. ...|—|—|—| 2 2}; 2}—|—|—|—|—] 5 8 2 Nos. ..., — | —|—|—}—]| 1| 4]14] 9| 3/—| 31 % fe et Bt. | 4b 28. aos) 3 Nos...) — | —"| 5.1.19") S00) 40,15. 12°) 7 | 3.) Wl 332 % = | = 4 ia oe | 300/18 | So 5 2 es Seer Noses el dh Fe ES ta ae tOo i) Oh oepe Io ——enag %, =A Oly Del bp leet Oot ited bape Aa 5to9 | Nos. ...)—|—|/—]| 2]10/ 9|—] 4] 2|—|—] 27 9 1 Nos. ...J —|—}|—]—!—|}—]—]| 1/—|—|—| 1 2 Nos: <2.) =) ll 8) a2) a oa % —|—|—]—] 5,19] 29] 26) 21;—}—]| - Sea Noss. to © foil 9 2201-48) 33 1690") Othe sh == (otes % ij =) 5) 13: ) 29") 20: 13°) 13) 64 |) 2a) 4 Nos. ....—|—] 1} 4] 8]11] 2} 2] 2}—|]—] 25 % | ray 1G 12) | 48 8) 8 eer] a) 5to8 | Nos....)—|—] 2] 3} 7} 3] 1/—|—|—]—] 16 10 1 Nos. ..., —|—|—]—]—]—|]—|—]—] 2] 2] 5t 2 Gates alas ei 2. | AMS ze AOAC, | Pts) ed hook tet 6Ge % ses 8 1G eA ee) TS ea Cin 3 Nos a= et |) Pa tGs ali eee eto. 18. | Ore seh aren OOr % SS ato Su tz ISA ee aoe aly Oise 4 Nos —|—|-1)| 2] 7/13/19) 6] 5)—|—|] 53 %, —|—| 2| 4/13/25] 36/11] 9}/—|— 5to9| Nos. ....—|{—|—| 4] 5] 9/ 5] 1] 1) 1}/—|]| 26 11 2 Nos...) —|—j|{—{—{—] 1] 2] 1] 2] 2} 1] 9 ‘ 3 Nos. ...J — | 1 4i | 20| 16] 14}. 9}].15| 8| 2 | 1003 . By Novae | | Sale 09)) 11 6 2. be 22) 48 %, —|—|—| 6| 10] 39 | 23] 13] 4} .4] — 5 to 9 | Nos. :..|— |—j| 2| 4/11] 9] 8| 6| 1|—j 1] 42¢ 12 2 Nos —|—/—{]—| 2] 1) 4/—|] 2] 2)— tu 3 Nos. ....— |— | 1|/—] 12] 121 6| 6| 7|—j=! 44 %, —|—| 2|—| 27 | 27] 14] 14] 16 | — | — 4 Nos. ...| —|—|—|—] 3]13] 6] 8] 2] 2}|—| 34 % —|—|—|—]| 9] 38] 18] 24] 6] 6] — 5 Nos. ne abe AG CLO, eS.) (Site eel tl OO % Se i St 24 Oa O7 Aas gi 6 to10| Nos...) —|—] 2] 6]11|10] 9] 2] 2}—|]—] 42 % —|—| 5] 14] 26] 24] 21/ 5] 5{—}— * One at 16 cm. 7 One at 15 cm. t One total length uncertain. 52 TABLE I—1914 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Sample, | Winter A 6 Bl Zl) S| D | ao eel ae | 13 | 14 | Total. Rings. | | Set a) a 13 1 IN G8 Spe UY ret Fe ae ol all ee 4 2 Nos... | = |} 4d.) 9B] 4 | 1 2 oe ee ieee Of Pe) =) 4a BL | | SO. “Oa eee 3 Nosi)s..|'— | 11 | 8.1 STS 28") 6) ee Of ee |e 5) 16 ee ee One 4 Nos, <..) = | — |} —|2 3.)°°5 |" 9.) 6 | 37) See Of wba fee { —— 110 | 7 1980117) 10) | Oe ree 5 Nos. .... —|—1] 1] @| 8} 11) 12.) .4) 57) seieaeaeeaG %, a = | == | 9 1/12.) 16 | 22) 244) PS. 1 eo 6 to 13. | Nos. ...)— | — | 2), 4) S19) b) 7) SSS eee | % |=] 3] 10| 20/28 ]13|18) 8|—|— | * One at 15 cm. TABLE I.—1915 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Winter | Sample. Rings. | 4 | 5 6 7 | 8 9 | 10 | 11 } 12 | 13 | 14 | Total | se ES Se | ee | 1 1 Nos —}—{/— —}]—/]—}—}] 1}—]}—-]— | 2 Nos —|{|—|j— | — 2a |G Oe ae a 7)/— 50 Ts —|—|—{|—| 4] 12] 18] 28] 24 | 14 | — 3 Nos —j| 8] 9| 27) 58 | 42/3917; 1-5) —/) 202 o%, —'| 1} 4 | 14°1,29-| 21*).20) 8 + el 2 4 Nos —|—]—]} 5|14)12) 4] 3|—j;—}]—|] 38 1 % Se) = Se Syee | hie) 9S ba 5 . | Nos...) —|—|—] 2; 2] 3}/—] 11/—;—|]—] 8 6 to 11 | Nos —|—}]— 1 1,—|—}]— | —}—|— 2 2 2 Nos; 5..) = }i— |= 1 1) 219 | 14 128 | 0 eee of ey ee ees eeraeeie tise se 3 Nos —j} 1] 7| 38 | 46) 37 | 15] 10) 5 | —\-—aaibe % — | 1) 5 | 28) 30 [224 | 100). 7) Se 4 Nos. ...)—| 2] 2] 9|14]15]12] 8] 1} 1}—] 64 9% HS} Sea) 9b) O39 19a 95) aie 5 Nos SE SS ee ere SP te ae 8 6 Nos —j}—| 1] 5/11] 3] 2) 1]/—|]—|—]- 2 7 to 10 | Nos Se ee en te) ae 5 | 3 L Nos —;}—}]—);—}]—!—{|—} 1}—}—] 1] 2 2 Nos —|— |] —= | 1] 41 4): 8) 8 | 0 ee eee % — |—}] —| 8/11] 11 | 23| 23 | 17 1] 1 fe 3 Nos —- | — | —|10 |.33 |.41 | 221.5) 3 eee % —|—|]—] 9] 29] 36})19)] 4] 3{|—|— 4 Nos = 9) 18 1 7 de 6 a %, — |— | — 1/13 | 23 | 80 | 21 | 42a) 2 SS 5 Nos —|— —| 5/ 1] a] 1y—J—t— 8 6 Nos. ...J—|—| 2] 6] 5] 5] 5] 4) 2]—|—] 29 8 to 10 | Nos. .... —}|—{—}—]—|—] 2 ee 1}— 5 po a 2) eee ee 53 TARLE I.—1916 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. ! | Sample. | Winter 4|'5\161 7/|-8| 9] 10/11 | 12] 13] 14 | Total. Rings. | 2 2 INOS 63) = ae | ae | Apel 4) SE SL aS 3 NOS Ie teed tte leSO) (P24) ba G se Seed st = OS % A Sy SOs AAT Sd CZ 5e IG lab ne od b= 4 Noseeneh ahr Tele 9. Poo Soa Oe ore 8 ae Aye ha LOL 5 Nos Al meal 5 4 Sl an Lye 3 3)/—}—}]—Il— 3333 o% | 3.115 |} 12'| 15136) 97) 9 =—7— | —) — 6&7 | Nos — i 1 2 1 3}; 2;/—;—!—]—|; 10 a ae ———————— FSS [eatin de LP 4 3 Nos Se eens || as ese Ae Oued eat ee py 2D, Od eel ile Ge | SIS te se TSrl PAs ESC ae — a eo 4 Nos. . 1} 5/15] 25|25|/22|/ 8| 4] 1/—]|—/| 106 of Pig pe ees eee Beth 227g Goa ra | a be | 5 Nos. sc). 21) 3°13) 28 (da) ae) 22) re 58 Cane 31-51] 22139119|-7/ 3} 2)/—{—|— Gito-10 | Nos. <2) —- i) 2) | 1 | 3 a 1) Sh 9 5 3 Nos ey | aed (eer eee Pa VA (ee We a eeu ce Meee a Ra 4 Nos SE aele taliaos 23] 29: (Oslo) 2 =) —a| ese % Bu Set 1a Galo lo Sal) Se ——— 5 Nos Bi LO | Ui2 PON ele eo eto Lele en lens ” .... 7,14)17( 26] 21)11} 4) 1)—]/—[— 6to8 | Nos. elee7o lL Oule sould | Sa ess | | | Al 3 IN Ose ote tlh ea Sel aerial cy Salm Slee Melle fae |e % ee Ea atl eye g| eke esti me Weal lia ec be hee 4 Nos 8 (1651. 32] 37-88 134° 2) Pe ie ae % 6' 11/16] 26/26} 9/ 5] 1); 1}/—|— 5 Nos 71 7/14/19115} 1/ 2|/—|—|]—|—| 65 % ...,11!11 | 22}29| 23} 2) 3|—|/—}]—|— 6&7 | Nos...) 2} 3] 1/ 2] 3}—] 1}/—!|—/]—|]—| 12 A4 3 MOseese == tO PO Sle 7 ON) eee a % Sie | ee ag) ae 24) 2 4 Nos 1| 10 | 24] 30] 21 | 25/10} 4; —| — | — |} 125 % Sa EIB Ta SES NE VAD IR Rca, 6 a) eae acs 5 Nos. ...,| 2} 4{14{16]16]/10} 2|—|—|—|— | 64. % | 3] 6| 22) 25!]25116}; 3/—|—!|—|]— 6to9 | Nos..... 3| 3] 2| 4] 5;/—| 2|/—!|—]—{—| 19 Bl 2 Nos. Aa eet to: Seen —— al be % ee ee OS e280 | Sau 28) fe, |e 3 Nos. 2) 8] 20| 25; 32/29/16) 6| —|—j|—] 138 % 1] 6] 14]18 | 23/21/12) 4);/—|—|]— 4 Nos SR Oe tO el 2 eee = ah |G % 5| 9|20|34]21! 7] 4)/—|—|—|— 5 Nos — | — 2 3: 1)}—)—}] —j)—] — 4] 6 6 Nos Sa ae ee a eS ie 2 54 TABLE I.—1916 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Winter Sample Rings 4 5 6 a 8 9 | 10 | UE | 12.1, 139) 24 eatotals D1 3 Nos == = 2 2). $) 5 | S| = | — 30 % == | = 7 GA Be eater akzs 3) = || = | = t Nos 1 Oa 21a ase esi 20 8 a re a | lz al % L | 4)) 154) 801.260) 14 6a aS i a ae 5 Nos a ee ele elie iG 2 3/—|—|—| 62 % — | — | 29 | 27 | 24) 11 3 5) == | = 6&7 | Nos — iL 2 | 26 2 Za | |) | 14 Cl 2 Nos Sf SS |S Sf SS | SS | Ib) =} = | 1 3 Nos 1 3 6 (|) aka {fat + 1 iL |) == || == 45 % 2 GES 3 | 27 | 24 9 2 2 |= || = 4 Nos Sy mabey A Ach a aa 6 1 a) fp LS % Sie) Log e105| 2 27 | 10 5 Pj | | 5 Nos + 9 9 6 5 4 | |) > | = || 45 Jo acecl OMe 20M ZO 22a al San iel. aE |) =e) a SS 6to9 | Nos. ...| 4 3 3 1 PA | = || 2 |p SS | || 13 TABLE I.—1917 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Winter Sample. Rings. 4 5 6 iC 8 Oe LOM das ie See 4 | Potals Al 3 Nos. ... | — | — ye b)A0e SOM TS 6 2)};—|— 84 % —}— 2 Stl ezoaleoo leak Ci 2);—|]— 4 Nos. — Sele is PAG E46 e 25 eh 9 1|—}]—] 126 We — 72 i ae 3 SG) 1e20) [Pte 7 1j)-—}] — 5 Nos. i 5 4 4 7 3) 2, 1)}/—);—|]— PH vo ALOR alo ie: (e2b: erst! 7 4;—}—|— 6 Nos. = 1|/— 3)/—);— 1);—/]—/]—|]— 5 A3 3 Nos. sea ice cace la ae 8 5 4 if 1};—/;— 19 4 Nos if 2, Sl L827 de Zone 2k tie —j}—/} 114 % it 2 7 | 16) 24} 22); 18/11} —}]—|]— 5 Nos — 4 Teller | PASE 7 7 3)/—};—j— 84 % 5 S]e218 43371820 8 4} —]|—|{— 6to9 | Nos —— 2; 5 5 8) a 1 1}; — 2) — 32 % — GPG S162 1228 22 3 3)— 6} — A5 3 Nos = al 3 LE she T6e |e 19, 14 S10 2) 1} — 82 % = a ZO NC2ZO. 20 E23 ie 12: 2 1};— 4 Nos. a Ziel Se pO Dees. Oe lS 4 5}—}]—] 112 oA a PAA AA ASML De TGrA2|| al? 3 4};—}— 55 Nos 1|— 4] 12 So liet2, 5 2;—!)}—)|]— 44 % 2|;— Uk areal d Koa Meear/el| Tal 5});—}—|— 6 Nos —|— 2 3 4 2);— 1)/—)—{|— 14 2 3 Nos i 1 8 | 14 | 24 | 24] 19 | 16 2 1} —}; 110 % 1 1 Nialisia| 22 ellie ten oy 2. 1{— 4 Nos 1 Gy DAL Nee ali? |Past | cake 2};—]—)|— 110 % Al eal sya) ake eA aly} 339) alles 2/—}]—}]— 5 Nos. ...) — | — 4 5 5 9 1)}—}]—)j—j— 24 6&7 | Nos. ...) —|— 1 3|— 1 1})—}—]} —}] — 6 56 TABLE I.—1918 SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Sample. Winter | 4! 5| 6] 7| S| 9140] 11 | 12 | 13) Gee Rings. a ee a Al 2 Nos | —-|]— 1 2 4 9 | 12 5 2)— ik 36 % | —|— 3 Go tt Web Nessa: 6 | — 3 3 Nos Steels Rae) SS S25 eS eA ORS 6 1); — j,—] 151 Yh ay val 3 9) 16.41) 29 265/12 4 1)/—|— 4 Nos 3)— (oa LOO Risk: 9 4 2 1|;—)— 47 ip Ae Mie alsa peal 1) 223 Ieaky) 9 4 2;—|— 5 Nos | —-|— 2 3) — 1);—/]— 1|;—|— Ze % SS at 2B = 6 Nos Fo tn eet tn te en 1}—/]}—/]—|— 1 AQ il Nos — | — | — | — 1|;—)|— ik 1/—}— 3 2 Nos — | — il 7 |19 1] 34} 20 9 2);—)|/— 92 oO —_— | — i Sa Onl aaaleLO 2)/—|— 3 | Nos —}— 33 || Iss. S38 yp ksh ih aI) 3 | — | — } 126 wa —|— ZA TZ 2528) | 22 8 2);— |} — 4 Nos —|—|— 1 3 2 4 2, 2 1 | — 15 % —!i!—|— Ch PAP les Woe ale? ae: 7T)— 5 Nos. ...) — | — | —|]— 2 1 2, 1|/—;}—|]— 6 6&7 | Nos. ...) —]|—|]—]—]— 2|— 2);—);—}]— 4 1 2, Nos. —}|—|— 1/}/— 4] — 1)/—)}—|]— 6 3 Nos. ...| — 2 ZN elOR 225 aOR 9 9 1|—|—J| 85* oS —— 2, PA IPAM EVA || AA A a 1|—|— 4 Nos = 3 9) 21) 27 | 26 | 27 if 2|—j)|—| 112 YE —_— 2, Sal 185-2252 Le 6 2);—};— 5 Nos == 3 5 5 5 6 1}|/—j),—]—,; 30 of | LOE ili dane Ae 3)/—|)}/—|— 6&7 Nos —- 1 3 1 3 os 1/—/;—|— 9 4 2 Nos — | — | — |} — I] — 38} 13} 11})—]—]— 27 33 Nos — | —|— LA -S Mess) lpoOn a4 5 | —}—] 101 4 Nos —|— | — 4 | 27 | 24) 14 1);—}|—|]— 70 % — || = || 6 | 39 | 34 | 20 LL) ——) SS 5 Nos —}|—|— 2, 13 8 6 2 2);—|— 33 % we) — | — | (|) Sieh |) EE |) ae 6 6 | —}|— 6to8 | Nos ...) —}|—j]|—|— 4 33 5 33 —}|— 16 10 2 Nos. ...) — | — | -- | — 1'!— 1)}—}—] cl] Ze 3 Nos — |— PA |) AKO. || BPA | Bia | ANS 3{—]—|—] 104 % = | PANT DSy oak ests ale! 3/—}]—]— 4 Nos —|— 2 2A 2b 22 10 1}—}—|J]— 81 % — | — Z|) 2M OE 27a | az 1}—}]—]— 5 Nos —|— 2 9) 1G 0 5 1)};—/]—|]— 43 % oe} — | Ha RS 6n e250 ee 2};—|]—|]— 6to8 | Nos. ...)J — |— | — 6 6 6 1 | Sle i | 19 - a * One under 15 cm. cr ® CO co — OHTA oOo oO bo po ro bro OW kW CO OO OC blo po SS 1S) 1" 00) (00) CO AY ST ST oO Ot pas CO pone Ww & Ww 02 00 i Oe ~ = bo bo whDw: MY) 12D NNYNNYDNNNNNNNNOD Po HH OD 09 Oe WNNN RF © 57 TABLE II.—1914 SAMPLES.—GROWTH. SAMPLE 1.—WINTER RINGS, 2 and 3. ye 3 No. Size. ~ m. w or bo >) ~I He 90 “Io OV on ee be Lo > Ot he SS mw ON ie.) bo bo — S o iw) aa) bo NS) or WwWWwWON FE © Oo — >) © bo =) ~I iw MS =I NWNNNNNWhN NI Lo 15°6 21 I A1 a wo on bo bp bo bo bo oO he a or WWW WwWWWWWwWWwWwWwwww ww OO ST H He He Ww WO Ww WwW pool or) Ce Oe WATE ST Ob bo J for) = — _ bo © or w — sI SO dW on Bee eH OD a OV © NNWWRk e Lo Pr Ore © Os He He YO He Ot lo me Re bo pe bo OF ee am © $3) ~~ lo Ot He bo for) bo woh or Or CoOoW SAMPLE 1 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. bo 20 4 No. Size, 1 Tt bat UN “I Ol NI ChHIOD WwW & 2pPpnwiosnt ASG or) — e “ ro ho ilies lor) (e0) S. Noe Maine) = (e6) i) > ~J No) bo “Ie ee ™® cS ba | 9 wh bh bo = rae =I ~J fmt ~I => fon) ~I > bo ie ~I = _ ‘— lor) o>) tf — iW) Yb bo Cyan eat 1 a wo WoWwWNNR cn) Nm 19 nap a aS (0/9) rs Oe We We bo or ee € ~) i) ib + — ie 8) “_ ie.2) Neo) Ke) OV e ~I fd i Se On bo rag j—_ rn lo bo Nw NM mnw hy Pp re ISN WO hd bh fs CO OS em F100 COW bo po bo bb Nm NM MW ¢o po bd ao © co Or NO eB Ol ON OO WH bo No) OG to bo bo wo WwW bP fo bo fs Qo oe | rh po bs bo Oo ty ow ~I “SFR © Ole CO Hm Co Wo WH Ww bo IO Ol me © ~] pe [wy L i) 58 SAMPLE 1 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. No. | Size. ik 2 3 No. | Size. 1 Cm. Cm. 188 | 24:8 9-2 | 16:0 | 22:3 JAB (25-5 | LOs7 249 | 24-8 8-6 16°3 21:7 irae re D5) 7 326 | 24:8 8:3 14,9 21-0 301 25:5 9-2 4 24-G 8-4 1ey=5 21-4 323 25-5 123 91 | 24-9 9-3 18:1 21-6 Sk) |p aes 9-9 130 | 24:9 9:8 18-2 21-9 400 | 25-5 11-0 216 | 24-9 9-9 19-9 22°8 408 | 25:5 10-7 268 | 24:9 9-1 16:8 | 21:6 111 25:6 9-2 296 | 24-9 13°2 | 20°6 | 23-2 bi: 25:6 9-9 268 | 24-9 10-3 18-1 D2? 213" || -25°6 11:0 446 | 24-9 9-5 18:3 22-4. 260 | 25-6 8-2 455 24-9 8:5 a7 ye eileee} 266 | 25:6 Use; 331 25:0 8-9 16-3) |) 21-2 828 | 25-6 11-6 Bye | ast) 8-6 i5383 || PAIS 7h S05) |) 2570 8-0 44, 25:0 9-4 7-4) PACS 439 | 25:6 9-5 133 | 25:0 8:8 a5) 21-8 445 | 25% 8-9 169 25:0 9-6 ives || Sailors 14a 257 8-7 2325) 25-0 10-1 18:8 22-5 LOS e250 11°8 240 | 25:0 9-2 ioral 22:0 202 | 25:7 i-5 330 | 25-0 11-7 Pag by | Pil Bet |) PATCT/ 9:3 362 25:0 TL2s3% ||) 24D eaia) 238} 28)" 25:8 iLikes 38 | 25:0 9-2 IBY || ee) 101 25°8 6-8 4240) |) Rit) 9-0 16-1 21°6 448 25°83 8-0 ikey4 |) 2A 9-2 16-2 Pil 229 |} 25-9 10-0 pari IP IL Sal: 19-1 Zorn 349 | 25:9 9-4 2519) |) anil 8-0 aS IL eps) 370 25:9 8-0 3494) Bagpal 10-5 18°5 | 22-6 375 25:9 By 49 | 25-2 9-3 | 18:0 | 23:0 397 | 25:9 | 10:3 98 | 25-2 7°8 17:9 22-0 458 | 25:9 10°5 Sy0y |) 2 9-4 USP | MARS 462 | 25:9 7-9 398 | 25:2 | 12:6 19-8 | 23-1 12. | 26:0 8-6 459 |-25:2 | 11-4 | 19°5 ZBL 16 | 26-0 8-6 OP 25:3 8-7 HGS} || Paes: 257 26:0 | 10-9 AG | 25:3 9-8 | 19-3 | 23-0 355) |\—26:0 9-3 ili Za 12:0 | 20:9 | 23:5 380 { 26-0 |: 11-0 64 | 25:3 10-7} 20-08) 23-2 59 | 26:1 115 Dis 453) 9-3 16: Salpeclen < Asse)" PAskal 10-4 yates) |) aa ay ||) alld ee L7-3) | 22-0 | 25-2 139 26:1 11:9 A024) 25:3 8-1 WAN 22-6) 25:0 LZ aoa: 13-0 Zl ees: 9-9 27) 22-5) 2522, 409 | 26:1 10°8 192 | 25-4 8-7 15:0 | 20-2 || 24-6 432 | 26-1 10:8 234 | 25:4 9-7 19-0) fi 22-Sa 252, Gn 26-201) 15:0 SOD pe Nee |) ZOD a 2S 3 Deer 105 | 26-2 10-6 AST | 25-4. O-Ay)| 1893 | 23d) 2524 186 | 26-2 12-4 410 | 25-4 10-1 W-Saleooco ees 0 305 | 26-2 | 10-2 ob | 25:5 9-2 16°3 | 22-4 1] 25-0 364 | 26:2 12-1 68 | 25-5 9-4 |e 17-3 | 22°2 | 25:2 38Z | 26-2 12-6 104 | 25:5 8-0) | 163° | 22-1 25-2 63 | 26:3 10-2 159 | 25:5 8:3 | 17:0 | 21-8 | 25-0 230 | 26:3 | 10-6 TOZ | 25-5 TAeS 2027 | 2aed 25°4 94 | 26-4 9-3 189 | 25:°5 | 10:8 | 17-6 | 23:0 | 25:3 228 |} 26-4 | 12:0 bo OV or ho WY 09 OO wD hm bo & bo OV or OO roOoWwWnN ORPFN RP RN NMRrP OWN OW WWW Nn NM NM ilo Ww NO wo wre MOMNDOSHBRUADDANANODONWERUANWDWDOHENOKHRHOAHNMO BATH HMWOW bo bo bo mw hy mw Wp bp bt NNNMNNNW MN WW bv bo bo w wo hw w W bv Or OV Or Or Or Ot Or Se Ov Ot Ot ov Or Or Wo h bo Or Ov or Io WwW hy Ww WwW bY PS Ip & OD & bo bo rp bo th & Ww Wb bt CeO ea (Sor io bow bw we Ov Ov Or OV OV THAR IAAG WWW RwWOwW ND bo be NDNoNWNWNNNWWW Dh lo bo to Wy On oN or ors 7 Ut bo to Ww ts wh wy bo bo or or or it Cm Oo DoH OB 1 Op uw i WS] Or or or Or i OV or or bo bo bo bo bo be bo be Pte Is lo CCRC ea ea PPOoOSoHnADS bo bo to oS bo bk 59 SAMPLE 1 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. No. Size. it 2 3 4 No. Size. a Cin. Cm. 333 | 26-4] 10-2 | 18°6 | 28-2} 26:0 QI" || 426-83) oh2°8 44) 26°55} 11:3 | 19°8 | 28°5 | 26:2 336 | 26°8 |} 10:9 TAD | 26:5 | 12:1) 20:7 || 24-0) |) 26-3 420 | 26:8 9-5 343 | 26-5 | 12:2 | 19-9 | 23-7 | 26-2 433 |' 26-8 “2 U 2, Sof WezO-o) | LO:3"| 18-7, |) 923: 26:2 26 | 26:9 | 13-8 | 25 | 26-6 reek) lie a7 (O2 Ball ea oy 26-4 30); 27-1 ||) 12-0 135 | 266! 11-6 | 20-7 | 24:0 | 26:3 PAV ly PA est ALIAS 321 | 266 | 10:1} 19:9 | 24:0 | 26-4 bo Size. al 2, 3 4 5 No. | Size. 1 Cm. Cm. 24-1 Moe | A Oe | Os ele Sa. 23-8 166 | 25-4 7:6 24-2 7:0 | 15:9 | 20-0 | 22:4 | 23-9 236 | 25-4 9-8 24-4 Gee e'5:OF |) (206352323) 24-2 302) | 254. 9-3 24-6 9:0 | 14:4 | 20-4] 22:9 | 24:3 ASA | 25:4 9-7 24-7 Go TA 2063: |" 23:2") 2495 19 | 25°5 | 10-6 24:8 8:2 17°8 Dileg, Zoe, 24-6 167 25:5 a6 24°8 $5 | 17-1 | 21-2 | 23:5 | 24:5 2A bial: eA. 24°8 6:6) || 13:3 |) 19:7 |, 22:9 | 24:7 300° | 25:5 | 10:3 24:8 7:6 | 14:4] 20:6 | 22-8 | 24-6 324 | 25:5 9-1 24-9 Geo A Slee P2883. | 4 Dae 7, 346 | 25:5 8-8 24-9 8:9) | 5-0 |) 22-3) 23-90), 24-8 385 | 25°5 8:3 DOP UO) | aed | Qa | 2329) 224-8 405 | 25:5 6:7 25-0 Sle 15:9) | S208 233b de 247 412 | 25:5 | 10-0 25-0) |) 10:2) | 07-6" | (21-0) | 92325 | 24-8 A427 | 2525 9-6 25-0 9-1 | 16:2 | 21-8 | 24-1 | 24-9 89 | 25:6 7-4. 25:0 7-2 || 14:3] 20:5 | 23°77 | 24-9 168 | 25:6 | 10-7 25:0 6:5 | 13:8 | 20:0 | 23:3 | 24-9 278 | 25:6 9°5 25:0 9-1 | 18°5 | 22°3 | 24:0 | 24-9 303 | 25-6 98 25-1 (PAIN) ABO I) BOB PB REE I putes 338 | 25-6 8-7 25-1 8-6 | 17-8 | 21:9 | 24-1 | 24-9 342 | 25:6 9-0 25-2 %:3 | W4-0 || 20:3 | 22-9) 24-9 351 | 25:6 | 10-0 e222. 9-8 | 16:3 | 21:2 | 23:8 | 25-0 3D4 | 25°6 3:6 25:2 | 10°5 | 18:6 | 22-0 | 24:0 | 25-0 388 | 25:6 | | 9-4 25:2 8:9 | 16°7 | 21-2 | 23-5 | 24-9 S|) ee) 9-8 25°3 ed) ba 20-8) 2893) | 325-2 S2a e257 9-8 25°3 8-5 | 15:0 | 20:9 | 23°6 | 25-1 88 | 25-7 7:9 25°3 6:8 | 13:9 | 20°8 | 24:0 | 25-2 96 | 25-7 7:4. 25°3 7S | 15:9 | 21°8 | 28-6 | 25-1 119 | 25°7 8-1 25°3 8°38) |) 17-619 2Ae7, | 23-8) 1) 25-2 145 | 25-7 G2 25:3 7:9 | 14:5-| 19°5 | 22:6 | 25:0 PAIRS | Waar 9°5 25°3 8-4.) 16:1 | 21°8 | 24:0 | 25-1 29 | 2527 8-2 25:3 TH |) ale |) Palo eRe pascal 279 | 25-7 7-9 25°3 S24) 1 hG:0) 22-2 24-0) 2522 3419 2520 5°8 25-4 “8 |) Dieta 21:7 | 23-8) | 25s 373 | 25:7 9-4 25-4 8-6 | 15-7} 22-0'| 23°9 | 25:2 464 | 25:7 8-2 A | bo iw) Or or or fo bo bo or. bo or ot Oi bo S SJ) bo COTE CON to ls to bo to wwe a 5 bo pe TURE ICC. OS a Oe PO COn hor rs to bo bo rp ponw wb Ww Or or OV OC to im) rh bo bo bv COU OU at ro bo bo ro ty Re MSM Sco MACS MSc SeN Gales Cryug ce Uacrs tee kc aaa Coco UA UU CONG ACC a AAD PD WON ADA A A Tm BA oo com He oR Od co Oo IR oo co A DLO PD = WY) lo bo ANATAHAOKRDAOO aN?! bo bo Io bh be CUeTC bo Ou no rm Hw wo bo GO to bo Le ee Re) a) bo he py bo rmroORaAS wor tw bo COR CONUMGON Coen ICON ert) CON CIV CT bo NNNNWh td eo SAMPLE 1 Continued.—WINTER Rtas, 5. No. | Size il 2 3 4 5 No Size ZL 2, 3 4 Cm. Cm 14 | 25-8 SO: We 5-3 21-3 |) 93-8 | 25-7, 123 | 26-3 75 | 15:4 | 22-5 | 24:8 83 | 25:8 8:2 | 18-1 | 21-8 | 24:2 | 25-6 124 | 26:3} 9-1] 17-6 |, 22:8] 24:8 210 | 25:8 9-1 | 17-4 | 214 | 24-1 | 95-6 173 | 263 | 5-1] 13:8) 22:0 | 245 327 |) 25-8 | 11-0) |) 19-8 | 23-0)| 24-6 | 25-7 291 |- 26-3 | 10:4 | 19°34) 22-50) 024-8 348 | 25:8 9-4 | 19-5 | 22-6 |} 24:6 | 25-6 443! 26:3 9°7 | 17-7 | 22:9 | 24-7 358 | 25:8 a7 | 13:9 | 20-0 | 23-2 | 25:5 87 | 26-4 9-6 | 18-7 | 22:6 | 24-9 421 | 25:8 8:27) 15:8 || 20:9) | 23-8 | 25-5 95 | 26:4 8-7 | 18°3 1 22°60) 25-3 178 | 25-9 9-67 416-0) | Zieh 24-1) |) 25-8 120 | 26-4 9-0 | 18:0 | 23-1] 25-0 203 | 25-9 (PA || || Cake e || ee ey |) Cass 245 | 26-4 9-3 | 17-5 | 22-7 | 24-9 244 ( 25:9 9-5 17-3 |, 22-5 |- 24-8 |) 25-8 325 | 26:4 9:3 | 18-1 | 22°6] 24-8 2S | 25-9 8-2 | 15-9 | 20°5 | 24:0 | 25-5 345 | 26:4 | 12°6 | 19-9 | 23°6 | 25-3 294 | 25:9 9:0 "16-7 | 22-9) || 24-7 || 25-8 ATH | 26-4) 11:2 | 17-8) 2235s 317 | 25:9 OT 15-9) P2243) 125-8 418 | 26-4 83 | 14:6 | Q-sa 5-2 347 | 25:9 8-5 | 15:4 | 225% | 24-6 | 25-7 164 | 26:5 8-8} 18:3 |" 22-6 |eaaew 401 | 25-9 SO) 15-2 2138) 23-7. | 925-6 237 | 26:5 | 8:6.) 15-5 |) e21-00ee4on 416 | 25:9 8°7-| 18°5 | 22°8 | 24-7 | 25-7 366 | 26-5 | 10-5 | 18:5 | 21-8} 24-7 429°) 25:9 4 9:2) 17-3) 22:5" 95-1 | 95-8 449, 265 | 2&2! 161] 22:01 24-6 8 | 26-0 8-9 | 18°8 | 22:9 | 24-7 | 25-9 463 | 26°5 8:0 | 17-1 | 22°45) 924-9 34 | 26-0 8-9 | 16-5 | 21:6 | 24-5 | 25-7 81 | 26°6 $9 } 17-8 | 24:0 | 25-6 41 | 26:0 | 10:2 | 19-9 | 22-7 | 24-8 | 25-9 90 | 26:6 8:0 | 16-1 | 22-1 | 24-5 80 | 26:0} 11:2 | 19:0! 23:0 | 24:9 | 25-8 161 |} 26-6! 9-5 | 16:5 | 22-0 |}. 24-5 106 | 26-0 76 | 15:0} 20:2 | 23°6 | 25-7 33 | 26-7 8-7 | 17-4 | 22°38 | 25-4 143 | 26-0 8°5 | 18-4 | 21°8 | 24-5 | 25-9 TOT a) 2627 8-6-| 17-4 | 22:9 | 24-9 242 | 26-0 8-5 | 18:5 | 23:1 | 24-8 | 25-8 | 1561 | 26-7 9:2 | 16:7 | 22-27)325-0 258 | 26-0 8-0 | 15:-2 | 21-4 | 24-2 | 25-6 435 | 26:7 8-2 | 19-3) | 23-8 525-6 Dei \e26-0 9°20) hires) |) 22-3) |) 24-7 | 25-9 AAD, | 26:7 | DE-4. |) 19-8) |) 23-60eeas 20 | 26-1 8-3 | 14-4] 20-7 | 23-6] 25-9 453 | 26-7 | 10-2} 17-1 | 22:0 | “24-6 55 | 26-1 9-0 | 19-1 | 22-4 | 24-5 | 26-0 78 | 26-8 | 10-2} 20-2 | 23-7 | 25:8 wl |) 2620 9-0) 418-3) | 23-0} 25-271) 25-9 204 | 26:9 8-8 | 18°6 | 23:4 | 25:3 181 | 26:1 8:3 |] 16-1 | 23:5] 25:0 | 26-0 250 | 26-9 6:1 | 15:7 | 21:8 | 24-8 273 | 26:1 76 | 15:4 | 22-2 | 25:0 | 26:0 381 | 26-9 74 | 15:0 | 22:7 | (25-4 288 | 26-1 | 11-7 | 19°38 | 23:2 | 24-8 | 26-0 1 | 27-0 9:0 | 17:0 | 22:9 | 25-5 310 | 261 9-4 | 18-7 | 22-8 | 24-6] 26-0 84 | 27-0 | 12-4] 19-7 | 24:4 | 26-0 S18) 261) 10-25) 7-3) | 23-4 25-0 | 26:0 97 | 27:0 99 | 18:6 | 23°0 | 25-1 329 | 26-1 Sy |) Tesi || Paleo), || eet) Oukos 334 | 27-0 9:0 | 17:8 || 23:2) |25-6 Si 2630} 9-3 | £7 -4 | 929-4.) 24-8" | 96-0 160 | 27:2 | 13°83 | 21-5 |) 24-55126-0 37 2631 ee sco) 8:4 |S 25-1 O60 B32) | 7/533 7:2 | 14°8 20:25) 524-0 396 | 26-1 | 11:0 | 19-7 | 23-2 | 24-9 | 26-0 460) 27:3 | 11-4 | 29-0) | 23:19 25-5 413 | 26:1 9-0 | 18-4 | 22-5 | 24-7 | 25-8 102 | 27-6 9°6 || 17:2 | 22-boe2a2 76) 2672, |) 1-3 || 19:1 | 28-9") 95-9) | 96-0 65 | 27-7 | 11-8 | 19-7 | 23°7 1e26-2 269 | 26-2 8-7 | 17-5 | 22:4] 25-0 | 26-0 280 | 27-7 9:0 | 18:6 | 24-8 | 26-6 465 | 26:3 8:3 | 18-4 | 23:0 | 24:9 | 26-0 39 |- 28°5 | 10:6 | 22:3. | 25-35) 27-4 on Size. Cm. 24-7 24-9 i a) ) i iv) lw bo GUN Hs mH OO O bo bo bo Or Ov Ot CH 1 ST Ss We OD OO RO OS) Or OV OU OV wm ww Orv or a) bo pro iw) mag Couinices Hage comer mer ne ner cot 4S SOoecVe COMMON ADD PW WwW W PL wwk orion oo bo 26-0 26-0 re) is S 26°1 bo for) e ho DNNWNWNMNHE lo re be by DAIA’D.H H 61 SAMPLE 1 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 6. ~~] wo “Io co an ef OM 9 2) CS $002 Tell ae hore (=P) ie) a rem Be ee en ee Seer ers Pel | ee 8 a _ IDOOOHAIISOIIOS a © UA WOHOUHMHARIAAOH DPD SES | CNHEATA RE ANMAMOAWAS PNNWAWIIAEKASC HW & OW bo Lo NES DOF Ss OOF rFN & bo — wo wNnmMwewhld Ww m bo me OO Wo Oo © w 20:9 bt Ww bh W bo wNw wb bv © oO or bo hm bw bh bv WD Wb bv bo bo to Oe Se We) oe SO SO OMENS Do oS SSC SS or Be oD SO ce bo ro nN wWwwwww ow wnrw w to bo to QR i>) | bo CWO Cw ON wee Re mnwpe Ww bw Or Or bo bo bo Ov or OFF HR O1 bh Ww be nr Ot DNonmNnwWwwnwn wv Orv Or Or Or Oi OV bo bo or or Ou INR ONWHEHONMANARHEOWOr Se bh po BS me OS LY or rs or Or Or SIP NPNPNWnn ON IX TIAA H bo or bo bw p bt or or or oemoocas! © CO WO 9h by o> OV Or ee) C1 or om Or bo bo IIIS be oO Ww bh bo by bt bv to bt bo po bo bv by eS Ria ae VIP a ey aos AM SHIAAE Aw w oo i) bo (eA) bppwnwp ps IIa oot MS OS, UY) ie) 62 SAMPLE 1 Continued.—WINTER RINGs, 6. if 2 3 4 74 14-6 21°2 23°7 8-1 16-6 22°8 25:0 oat 16°5 21°9 23°9 8-2 15:8 22:3 24-4 5°9 13°6 21-2 24:3 8°5 16-2 22-1 24-9 eI 17-4 23-4 25°3 7:2 16-0 21-7 24:0 7:3 ANS erl 22-4 24-7 9-4 15-2 20:5 24°2 6-4 14°3 20°9 24:3 9-2 19-0 23°7 25-4 12-4 19°5 24-2 25°4 10:8 TES) 23°8 25-4 6°5 13°2 20°2 24-2 86 16-8 23-4 25°2 11°5 20°35 24:0 25°7 Oo 16-1 20°5 23-1 10:0 19-0 23:°0 29:5 9-4 16-7 22:4 25:0 9°3 18°5 22°7 24°8 88 17-9 24-1 25:9 9°8 19-4 24:0 26:0 9-4 18-2 22-4 24-9 9-0 16-4 22-4 25° 8-8 17-0 23°9 25:9 7:5 17-0 22-4 25:4 11°3 20°3 24-4 26:3 3°2 19:9 24-2 26-2 UL 7 > t 5 6 vd 8°3 | 15°2 |] 21:6 | 23-7 | 25-1 | 26-0 | 26-4 | 3 |) 15:00) AOA 225s 24-4 25:58 | 2634 6:8 | 15°6 }' 22°3 | 24:2 | 25-4 | 26-2 | 26:6 8:7 | 15:5 | 20-9 | 23:3 | 24°8 | 25:8 | 26:6 8-2 | 15°7 | 21°5 | 23°8 | 24:8 | 25:6 | 26-4 75 | 14:5 | 20-1 | 23:0 | 24:8) 26:0 | 26:7 86 | 14°7 | 20°38 | 23°38 | 25-7 | 26:4 | 26°8 10-7 | 18:3 | 22:3) 24-1 | 25:9 | 26:8 | 27-1 ed L643) 24-8) 2402 25199) 626°8ieice 920) | 10 -3a 2327 | 125-599 26-4 eel 7, S21) 16-13) 22:0 | 24-8") 26:0 | 226-00) a2r no A022 | LP*7 | 422°9 | 25°5 | 26 | 27-3) 27-4 OZ LEA 2450) 2328 5) 25:5 1) e270 20-9 bo lo bh bd te HD HS Ol Ot Or Or Or bo bo S) Gp co Or mo OV bo be vt [MW RPRONNOCADSDACA ~ i 5 bk ) ho bt ps tp SA RCD RCERCD RePe OM @w bho bk hy poled = AHowIhakhkewwonrr bh bd to bh bo bo to Oonnsyryrrrvrunw ho bo t& bo 63 SAMPLE 1 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 7 to 9. Size 1 2 3) 4 5) 6 | ih 8 Cm 28°2 Se lS 2 24-0 |e 26-3) | 23 | Aas | 28:2) 28°3 623) | 16:5) |) 22°83" |) 25-6 | 26°63) 27-5) | 28:2 = 23-9 | 11-8 | 19-7 | 23-9 | 26-1 | 27-3] 28-1 | 28-8 | 26°8 8-8 | 15-8} 21-0 | 23-2 | 24-6] 25:6 | 26:2 | 26:8 27-4. 9-4 | 17:3 | 22:08) 23:8 | 25:0 | 26:0 | 26:9 | 27-4 Zi Dele ld Se died | 22:8 Ie S257 (26-6 fakin ll 2c 27°5 6°9.| 13:3 | 20-7 | 23-8 | 25-8 | 26:5 | 27:0 | 27-5 28°5 8-4] 16:6 | 22-4) 25:2 | 26:8 | 27-7 | 28:2 | 28-5 28-6 | 11-7} 19°6 | 22-7 | 25:0 | 26:8 | 27-4 | 28:0 | 28°6 28-9 9:1 | 16-2 | 21-6} 24-6] 26-8 | 27-8 | 28-6 | 28-9 29-0 7-9 | 14-6} 20-6 | 24:2 | 26:1 | 27-6 | 28-2] 29:0 Dike 8-0 | 16:0 | 21-5 | 24-4 | 25-5 | 26-1 | 26-8 | 27-2 27°6 8:9 | 16:7 | 22-0} 24:0 | 25-2 | 26:2 | 26:8 | 27-3 27°83 9:0 | 16-4 | 20-4 |] 23:2 | 25:3 | 26:6 | 27-2 | 27°5 28°5 | 10°6 | 18:7 | 21-7 | 23-5 | 25:0 | 26-2 | 27-0 | 27:9 28°6 7:8 | 15:4 | 20-2 | 23:0 | 25-0 | 26-6 | 27-4 | 28:2 \ i 27-5 27-6 27-8 28-5 28-6 64 SAMPLE 2.—WINTER RINGS, 2. Size 1 | 2 | No Size Cm. Cm 19-3 9-0 17-7 561 21:2 19-4 9:9 17-7 569 | 21-3 19-5 8-1 18-0 591 | 21-4 19°7 9-0 17°4 592 | 21-4 20-0 9-3 18-2 625 | 21-4 20-0 10-9 18-0 586 21:5 20-0 7-3 17-8 607 21:5 20-1 $2 18-7 620 | 21-5 20-2 8-3 18-3 532 | 21-6 20-2 10-9 17-9 571 | 21-6 20-3 O-2 18-6 513 21-7 20:3 9-3 18-2 554 21-7 20-4 11-1 18-9 503 21:8 20°5 10-5 18-2 590 21:8 20:5 10-2 18-7 602 218 20-5 10-3 18-6 623 21:8 20-6 10-2 19-0 544 21-9 20-7 13-1 19-2 516 22-0 20:7 10-7 19-3 587 22-0 20:8 10-0 19-4 603 | 22-0 20:8 9-9 19-2 476 | 22-1 208 | 10-4 19:3 479 | 22-2 20:8 | 11-3 18-9 582 22-2 20:8 10-8 18-9 485 22-4 20:8 9-6 19-0 572 22-4 20-9 | Sy 17:3 628 22-4 20-9 | 10-1 19-3 484 22:5 20:9 11-1 19-4 493 22:5 20:9 10-1 18-9 495 22°5 20-9 9:8 19-4 595 22°5 20-9 103 17°8 615 22:5 20-9 10:5 19-0 551 | 22:7 21-0 11-3 19-5 553 | 227 21-0 8-4 19-4 631 | 22-8 21-0 11-7 19-5 518 | 22:9 211 10-0 19-0 634 | 22-9 21-1 | 12-1 19-4 570 23-0 21:2 | 105 19-2 549 23-2 21-2 10°5 19-2 580 23-3 SAMPLE 2 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. Size. 1 2 3 Size. i Cm. Cm. 19-8 6:7 13-2 18:7 20°8 80 19°9 Sr: ieyab 18:5 20°8 84 20°3 83 | 13'S 19°3 21°0 36 20°3 Gi 9 14a 19°3 JACS 9°4 20°5 Das oA Std 19°2 213 12 65 SAMPLE 2 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 5. No. 21°7 217 PA la 21°8 21°8 21°8 22°70 ~) ~~ ° oS to 1 Ww 1d WS Wwe bw bw bo pw vw Wh bmw w tw bd to ty ee ee Oro orto WwW WWD iv bv MARMARA AOD ro bo bw IO bw Pro bo bo bo bo NwWWNW Wh ~] to bk 1 2 4°8 141 8'7 14°9 ly St 161 9°0 17°3 7°8 151 88 16°3 9°7 15°4 10°1 18°0 8°5 16°5 6°9 16°3 y'2 16°3 6'4 14°4 71 16°2 9°0 15°6 9°7 160 11°0 18°] 8°3 160 | 74. 162 | 7:8 14°6 6°8 16°7 8:2 15°7 82 15'9 94 17°4 9°6 16'8 82 18°0 9'4 18°2 101 15'9 68 17°0 9°7 17°5 9°6 16'8 81 16°7 8°5 15°7 91 16°4 9°0 16°3 7°8 18°2 No. Size, Cm 585 DG 490 22°8 559 22°8 576 22°8 638 22°8 505 22°9 529 a7AA9) 931 22°9 597 2310 604 23'0 613 sy (0) 635 23°0 636 23°0 469 oil 528 PAL 624 Zo 626 23°2, 629 Dorr, 475 Zone 58 23°3 611 2373 482 23°4 619 23°4 492 235 609 | 23-5 511 23-6 470 DOT 491 PRET 502 23°9 486 24-0 497 24-1 509 24-2 498 24°3 633 24-3 504 24-7 _— Orns oro Ws rh bom 09 0 OO corns ISH Oo Ww bv lo or on foe be bo bo bo to te MWR Nw Re RH RK WN PS Lb wow bw bv ro bo Ww 1 bo bo WWW Nw WW bo bo reo lo bo bo bo bo be to bo bo WOMWMWDAMOCUHPNIKR OSCR wwwowwwn Ie we bo bk ol Qe wo lv No. | Size. 1 2 3 4 Cm. 499 | 22-4 9-4 | 15-1 22-271) 22329 605 | 23:3 7:6. | 14-0 22°38 | 24-0 GOSale 2e:4\2 (S:o) |) 15:4 21°6 | 23°83 53d | 23:9 8-3 i7-2, 20°6 | 24-1 506 | 24-1 8-) | 16:8 22-2 | 24-5 474 | 24:2 8-6 | 14-2 20-9 | 24-7 637 | 24-2 Spee BPC, 494 20-0 Age uncertain. 66 SAMPLE 3.—WINTER R'!NGS, 2. . No. Size. 1 2 Size Cm. Cm. 735 20-4 9-7 18-0 23-0 665 21:4 7-9 18:8 23:0 749 21°4 10°3 18°5 23°2 662 21°6 12°6 19:8 23,2; 851 21-7 11:9 19°3 23-2 697 21°8 ilils3? 19-0 2o70 864 21°8 10:3 19-5 2am) 797 22:0 10:6 19-3 23°5 863 22-0 10-9 19-8 23°5 (74 ale 10°7 18°8 ioe 820 eit GIES 20-3 23°6 798 Don 9:2 2041 Bod POEL Lars ios) 20-0 23°8 887 ine 7:9 19:8 24°1 794 22-6 11-7 PAU 24-2 691 22-9 IF 2032 24-3 706 22°9 1133 2 20-0 24-5 659 23-0 alile 20:9 24:5 SAMPLE 3 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No. Size. i 2 3 No. | Size. / Om: | | Cm. 755 | 22-0 72 | 141 | 20-3 867 23-2 781 22-2 9-0 15-0 20-3 647 | 23:3 eke 22-2 6:8 15-7 20-6 657 | 23-3 708 22-3 7-4 16-0 20-8 77 23-3 663 22-4 8:7 14:8 20-7 805 23-4 77 22-5 6-8 13-3 | 20-4 827 23-4 868 22-5 76 13-8 | 20-8 832 23-4 734 22-6 7-4 142 | 21-3 849 23-4 889 22:7 7-2 16-2 21:3 872 23-4 713 22-8 76 14-0 20:8 644 23-5 721 22.8 73 | 17:5 | 21:5 718 23:5 707 22-8 75 | 14-7 21-1 858 23-5 726 22-9 8-0 | 16-2 21-0 871 | 23-5 739 | 22-9 85. | 15-2 | 21-6 674 | 236 719 23-0 7-6 15-9 21-1 801 | 23-6 733 23-0 88) |) Paes B14 844 | 23-6 833 23-0 86°] 17-1 21-9 643 23-7 862 23-0 9-9 18-0 22:0 G69 || 23:7 878 23-0 6-9 17:8 21-8 715 23-7 759 23-1 7:8 16-9 21:6 729 | (23:7 714. 23-2 7-9 15:7 21-8 730 | 23-7 741 23-2 10-2 18-4) 1, 21-7 763 | 23-7 760 23-2 10:8 16-8 | 21:8 767 23-7 819 23-2 8-6 15-7 21-2 648 | 23-8 824 23-2 12-0 169 | 21-9 Wis: | “23:8 848 23-2 8:3 16-7 21-8 807 23-8 to r a YPNWwWWwonNnnynNdrNyNy So liyp > COUP WONwWANA NOD OH FOF ON mNmwhdy wb we bo “J “I= = PHDDSOHO HITOSHI WS WOIRDNWNMNANADOrFR TH DOs © w mh hw ww bd bw wy SE Wo oOw me eer COC 67 SAMPLE 3 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3 No Size 1 2, | J 2 Cm. 882 23-8 10:2 19-0 22°5 667 24-4 8:3 Zi 679 23-9 8-5 15 4 219 683 24-4 10:5 19 704 23°9 10-0 16:2 22-3 699 24-4. 8-7 16 709 23-9 7:3 14:1 Dail 702 24:4 7:6 14 748 23°9 9-6 17°5 22°5 830 24-4. 7D 16 OP 23°9) | 9-1 17-0 2223 855 24-4 les 17 740 23-9 | 8:5 16-6 2277 654 245 11:8 17 655 24-0 12-1 19-9 23:0 840 24-5 11:2 18 681 24-0 6-4 14:4 22:0 685 24-6 9-1 Ws 689 24:0 10-9 19:2 23:0 678 24-7 9-0 17 738 24-0) ioe 16-6 22°6 714 24-7 8-0 17°3 742 24-0 7°8 16-9 22°5 649 24-9 11-0 18-0 723 24-0 | 7°3 14:5. | 22-4 670 24-9 tea 15°8 800 24-0 | 7:8 15:9 |; 21:9 692 24-9 12°3 18:3 828 24-0 9-7 16-2 21°9 737 24-9 10-1 17 829 24-0 | 8-0 16-9 22-0 Gadel. 24-9 9-6 18-9 845 24:0 8-38 16-2 22-1 856 24-9 9-3 19-2 853 24-0 | 10-7 17-4 22-4: 698 25-0 L293 18-1 854 24:0 8-4 17:7 22°5 761 25:0 11:5 19-6 877 24-0 7-6 16-4 QO 785 25:0 8-3 16-0 701 24-1. 7°83 14:9 22-0 808 25-0 10-4 18:9 765 24-1 PLE 17-0 DG 809 25:0 9-2 17:0 795 24a 3 16:2 22°3 816 25:0 11-2 20-2 806 24°1 12-0 19-0 22-8 843 25-0 10:0 18-6 841 24-1 8-6 15:3 21°8 736 25:2 10°5 19-1 642 24-2 | 9-8 18-0 23-1 888 25:2 10-1 19-2 684 24-2 9-3 18-2 22°7 885 25-3 10-9 18-7 720 24-9, 8-8 17-1 22°6 732 25:4 10-8 19:3 728 24-2 | 10:3 19:7 22°8 818 25-4 12:3 18-7 893 24-2 28: 16:8 220 694 25:5 9-3 18°3 682 24°3 Tiles} 19-1 22-7 789 25-5 12:8 19-3 723 24-3 | 9:7 16:8 Dar 746 25:6 11:6 20 810 24°3 8°5 16:6 22-4 661 25:7 10:2 205 836 24:3 &-0 17-0 22-5 825 25:8 12:4 21°1 650 24-4 78 18:0 23:0 656 25-9 12:9 20-9 664. 24-4 Q2 16:9 23:0 835 Pil fore 9-9 18:8 No Size 1 2 3 4 Size. 1 2 3 Cm. Cm 837 | 24-0 | 11-4 | 18:9 | 21-6 | 23:4 25:0 G8 | W7ea |) 21 814 | 24-1 Sole | edl5e4o |) De As O34 25-0 9-3 | 18-8 | 22 705 | 24:3 Gol G25 | ted), 23-8 25-0 1 S:Grleelo-95 | eal 859 | 24-4 9-3) |) 15*5; | 21-3: | 23-6 25-1 7:0 | 14-1 | 20 747 | 24-6 9-7 | 16:°2 | 20:2 | 23:3 252 SER || Sale(cr/ || eae 822 | 24-6 8:0 | 13:0 | 19:3 | 23-1 25:3 8-6 | 14:8 | 20 G24 | 24-7 .| 11-3 | 19°2 | 22:4 | 24-2 25°3 9-2 | 16:8 | 22- SaAAWAR D rx to bo bo bo bo Ly Be) a LS ro mee OS WH AM HAS NAITO dw o WIS © 68 SAMPLE 3 Continued.—WINTER RINas, 4. No. Size. il 2 3 size i 2 3: 4 Parity Si jE Bo he? | al Re ee a _—————_|_——_—_—— Cm. Cm. 752 | 25:4: 8:5 15°6 | 2-5 26-1 474+) 19-07] :22:9R) 25-5 269 | 25-4 9:0.) 17-1 22S 26:2 eet 14:8 | 22:0 | > 25-1 C25 20s) I icy 18:5 | 22:3 26-2 9-7 7-8" | 23:08 eee 804 | 25:5 9-2 18:9 | 22:8 ZOre, 1-8 |. 20°8°)) 23-55) 255 S47 | 25-5 10-1 isch | Bes 26-2 eae 19:5) 1222-8 tele) |) PADS 10-0 Al | 22-2 26-5 12°4 | 20:5 24-0 | 25:9 677 | 25:6 8-7 18:0 | 22-7 26:5 $°8 | 20:0 | -23-snie 2-4 TTL |) PADS 8:3 16°6 | 21°5 26:5 9-8 18-4 | 22-9 | 25-8 782 | 25°6 | 10-9 19-6 | 22-8 26°5 8-1 17-8 | 23-8 | 26:0 SZ | 25-6) | 1027 19-5 23-0 26°6 11:4 | 20:0 |. 23°5 | 25-9 826 | 25-6 9-1 Ibe(Gre || VAIS) 26:7 11-3) | 021-05) 223-9 2529 TAs 25:8 LOZ 17-8) 22-1 26:9 12°5 | 20:0 | 23°6) |S 26u1 811 25°8 7-3 ileal 21-7 26-9 10-0 19-1 24:0 | 26-4 834 | 25-8 8:0 |} 18:0 | 22-4 26-9 9-2 2A) Zale aol 26°3 743 | 26-0 13:0 | 20:0 | 23-2 27-0 11-S—- 20°31 23:95 \26-0 799 26-0 7:8 15:6 | 22:9 2701 OP |G 5 eet 26-4 815 26-0 13:4 | 19-8 | 22:8 Zl, 9-5 | 19:3 23°61) 26-3 695 | 26-1 9-6 | 17-4 | 22-4 27-4 13-8 | Zl Sa aaa 26-9 783 26-1 8:00 L723) 2225 SAMPLE 3 Continued.—WINTFR RINGs, 5. No. | Size. Hf 2 3 4 5 No. | Size i 2 3 4 55 Cm. Cm. 850 | 25:0 | 10-1 | 16:3] 20-°3 | 22-8 | 24-7 (AQE E2623 8:9 | 17-6 | 22°34 24:3 | 25:8 716 | 25-2 (cae || rere |) Pers) |) eB eah |) sits) 660 | 26:4 | 10-4 | 16:4 | 22-4 | 24-5 | 26:0 53) 25-5 8-6 | 14-7 | 21-7 | 23-6 | 24-9 865 | 26:4 | 12:2 | 19:6 | 23:0 | 24:8 1 26-0 676 | 25-7 $2 1 13°9 | 21-7 | 24-0 | 25-2 641 | 26:5 7-6 | 14-8.) 20°25\ 5 24-0 25:9 OLN 2a | a0 | 17-8 4 Bab) | 23-9) 25-2 791 | 26:6 9:2 | 18:2 | 22-7 | 24°87) 26-2 880 | 25:8 @-3\ 15-5 a| 21-8 9k 23-9 1 325-2 762 | 26:8 7-4.) 15:0 | 22-4 | 24-8 | 26-4 675 | 26-0 7-9 | 16:8 | 22-0 | 24-3 | 25-4 768 | 27-0 9-6 | 15:7 | 22:4 | 25:0 | 26:5 690 | 26-0 8:0) |) 18-00) 22°25) 24-6) 25-7 120 \ 20-7 \ 13:6 | 20:1) 23-5a ee bea eecies 703 | 26:1 79 | 168 | 21:6 | 24-6 | 25-7 758 | 27-7 9-5 | 20-2 | 24°3 | 26-4 | 27-4 823 | 26:1 70 | 14:4 | 21-2 | 23-8 | 25-4 869 | 28-3 | 12:3 | 20-9 | 25:0 | 26-6 | 27-8 883 | 26:2 SEB |) AGE. | eallees |) e783 I) basse) 680 | 29-1 | 1314 | 21°50 | 25-00 B27-ORieZs-o 69 SAMPLE 3 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 6 to 10. | Size i 2 3 5 (a ee a € whe | : 8 9 pone a a a ee =z Ss Cm. > | | 25-9| 7-4| 168 | 22:0 | 23-7) 24-7] 25-7) — | — | — Dee |) .O-4 | dea. | Ono) ga) Sn | oso.) =, | a | 26-4 | 88] 17-9] 21:3] 236] 248) 259; — | — | — apo le | 15-2 | 81-8 (624-5 | 957 | 265 | .— | = | 2 27-0) 8:3) 15-0 | 21-0 |) 24-3.) 25-7) 26-7 | — | — | — 27-1 | 78] 162] 21-6] 24-3] 25:5] 267| — | — | — O79) 1) 71.) 13:9 | 20-0 | 23-0.) 95-2 | 26-9) — |-—=.) = oak | 8:8) 18-7 | 23:0 | 25-0 | 964 | e710 | ts | = | Des | 8b) 16-0. | 21-7 | 24-9.) 26-4 |.9%3 |. —= | =.) 28:0 | 7-6 | 15-6 | 22-0] 25:2] 269] 278) — | — | — 98:3 | 76] 15-9 | 22-2 | 25-4 | 26-7] 27-8) — | — | — 27-0 | 80] 141] 19:9 | 23-0] 24-9] 260] 267) — | — 27-3 | 11-1 | 19-0 | 21-8 | 23:38 | 25-3 | 263) 272; — | — 27-8! 85 | 15-7 | 21-7 | 24-5 | 26-0| 26-7] 276| — | — 203) 85 | 17-9] 21-8] 24:8 | 26-7] 27-8 | 28:5 | 29-2) — 27-5 | 58] 13:2] 18-8 | 22:0] 23:5 | 24-9 | 26-0) 26-8] 27-3 29-4 | 11-4] 19-5 | 21-6| 24-6 | 25-8 | 26-7! 27-6 28-3] 28-8 * Growth like that of 1904 year-class marked herrings of Norway. 10 ‘70 SAMPLE 4.—WINTER RINGS, 2. No | Size 1 | 2 | No | Size | if | 2 Cm Cm. 1072 20-3 10-1 16-9 954 22-3 9:8 20-2 1074 20-4 85 17-4 1089 |} 22:3 12-2 19-9 1073 20°5 | 7:9 | 17-3 915 | 22-4 9-1 19-7 1078 20:7 74 17°6 999 22-4 11:0 19-7 927 20-9 | 10-1 | 18-1 919 | 22-5 11:3 20°4 985 21-0 9-0 17-9 955 | 22-5 13-2 20°5 70 21-0 por Bee 18-2 1084 22-5 11-0 195 928 21-1 «| «105 19-0 947 22-6 11°5 197 925 21:2 10-7 18-5 989 22-6 10-4 19-8 979 21:3 10-1 18-0 993 22-6 10:6 | 24Gn7 1076 21-4 | 10-0 18-6 988 22-7 11°4 | 12°8 1077 21:5 te ed 17% 965 22-8 10-9 | 19-9 1080 21-4 | 10-4 18-0 948 22-8 11:8 20-4 923 21-6 91 18-7 1045 22-9 10-2 19-0 976 21-6 | 88 18-3 890 23-0 11:3 18:8 977 21-6 | 10-7 18-7 916 23:0 10-1 20-4 780 21-6 10:7 19-0 920 | 23-0 11:4 19:5 1075 21-6 12-2 18:8 ity 23-0 11-5 20:3 922 21:7 10-6 | 18-4 1048 23:1 13:3 20:7 974 21:7 10:2 | 18-9 1102 23-2 98 20-4 978 21:7 88 176 1099 23-4 12-0 21-1 981 21-7 9-0 18:8 1024 | 23-6 12:8 20:8 1079 21-7 10-1 19-0 1049 23:7 13:4 21-8 973 21-8 11:3 19-2 902 23°8 12-0 20-0 969 21-9 7-0 17-9 891 24-1 9-4 19-7 956 22-2 8-6 18-9 1100. | (24-4 13-1 21-2 990 22-2 11:2 20:2 SAMPLE 4 Continued.—WINTER RINGs, 3. x [ome No Size. 1 No | Size. il 2 3 Cm. Cm 984 20°9 8-7 1001 22-3 7-9 15:7 20°3 971 211 77 1087 22-3 76 16:8 20:5 975 21:3 10-4 910 22-4 8-2 18:3 21-4 926 21:5 71 912 22-4 9-2 16:8 21-2 968 21:5 8-2 914 22-4 9-7 17-1 211 983 21-6 5-7 1083 22-4 6:3 13-3 19:7 953 21:8 8-8 1091 22-4 9-1 16-2 21-2 972 21:8 6-9 918 22-5 7-9 156 21-0 917 21-9 7-6 987 22-5 7-7 16-0 20:8 924 22-0 7-0 1113 22-5 6-4 |. 15:3 21:3 982 22-0 8-6 909 22-6 9-3 15:8 21-0 998 22-0 76 946 | 22-6 9-5 17-4 211 921 22-1 8:3 996 22-6 8:5 17-5 20-9 949 22-1 7-0 1002 22-6 8-1 15-6 20-6 951 29-1 8-5 1086 22-6 9-0 16:3 21:3 1081 22-1 9-6 1088 22-6 &-4 14:5 20-9 1090 22+1 77 950 | 22-7 7:3 16-3 21-4 Iw ty bw mw Ww Wb bv bw bp bv ty bo 9 Ww b bv to SSSOHBHHD MMM MH WH OM [NWN WW by 9 SAMPLE 4 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. Im Qo O Op BE IES TDS), : DwHoNnnris mp dw no mal SP 2H 00 2 © Oo bo 1 bo 16-4 17°3 15-4 18-2 16°8 15-8 19°2 18°5 16-2 16-4 17:0 17-2 17:0 19-0 18-7 16°5 18-1 14:6 16:3 16°3 16:7 16:8 17-0 17-0 16:8 15-7 18:9 AOL 15°6 16°6 17°3 16°8 16°5 14:6 16:0 16-2 15:6 13:9 16:9 bo bho e bo hr bp 5S bh te NNNN WN WW myth ww ty wy by iw) bo bo bo bo NN yyw eb OHFORNBRADHHWOAWNNWHOMAHA bo bh bo te bo wo bo bo ro bo bo tom wo Ww wb bh pw WWD Wh bo i mw pe bv Ww Pe aCe Ree) LOTTO PCS ARO ECONO ARO {COs PODS CO! Kaa center ies CNHWANTIAN NRE WONAOCHOUSDOH AH NwWWwhP Wh bd bd bv wowweo Ww lo bo blo Ot Ov Or mm O bo or SOROS ay po pe “10 ~1 00 LY Ot CO OO eH — —_ ue ~l 3 22-3 22-9 23-0 23°2 23-3 24-1 72 SAMPLE 4 Continued —WINTER RINGS, 3 SAMPLE 4 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. Age uncertain. lo =) bo © Lo bo ah ho bo bo NES RHOWN WL hOoK & bo bo bo or 1 4 Size. a 2 3 4 Mh. 9-5 21:7 “4 8-8 | 17-2] 21-7 | 24-4 7:8 29-7 il powtsite 3) 21-9 | 24-6 2 8-2 20:2 | 23-0 9| 9-8 -2| 23-2 | 25-0 8-0 20-8 | 23-0 344] 260] 69) 17-1] 22:0 | 24-8 0 | 7-2 22-5 26-0 | 83 -3| 21-6 | 24-8 24-5 8-5 20:7 | 23-2 26-1 | 8-9 | 16:1] 22-17 | 24-8 24-3} 7-9 9-1 | 22-2 2| 26-2] 10:8 | 17-8] 22-5 | 25-2 4:3) 8-0 20-6 | 23-5 26-2| 88 | 15:0} 21-6 | 25-2 | 24-4] 7-9 S: 22-3 26-3 | 11-5 | 20-9 | 23-8 | 25-7 5 | OF 20 23-6 26-4 | 12:3 | 20-3 | 23-6 | 25-7 4; 8-4 | 20:2 | 23-7 3| 264] 9-9) 19-9 | 23-2 | 25-4 | E 8-3 -2| 20- 23-5 | 26-4 | 10-1 | 19-3 | 23-7 | 25-7 | 24:6 | 8&5 . 20:2 | 23-6 0} 266] 81] 17-8 | 22°3 | 25-3 | 24- 8-9 | 15-4 | 21- 24-1 ‘ 26-6 | 13-0 | 20-7 | 24-1 | 25-7 | 24- 9-6 5 Ne 2iss 103-2 33 | 26-7 | 11:6 | 20°3 | 23-4 | 25-7 | 24: 75 | 16-3! 21- 23-9 | 11: 26-7 8:6 | 2 | 23-3 | 25-6 5: 11:3 | 19-7 22-7 | 24-4 41130] 26:8] 10-0! 19-0] 23-0 | 25-6 25-1] 109] 17-9 21-7 | 241 | 1138] 26-9] 11-9 | 21-5 1 24-7 | 26-2 25+% 85 5 (21:5 | 24-0 ¢ 27-2 | 11-5'| 21-6 ) ‘25a eee me nee ee 73 SAMPLE 5.—WINTER RiNGS, 2. Size a! | 2 No Size il Cm Cm 19-3 71 14:5 1223 21-9 11-2 19:8 6-6 14-1 1228 21-9 10-2 19:8 9-0 16:5 1240 21:9 11-0 20-0 8:5 1671 1279 21-9 7:5 20-3 7:4 16°8 1282 21-9 8-2 20-3 6-2 15:8 1327 21:9 10°6 20-4 8°5 15-4 1194 22-0 8-4 20:5 7:9 16:7 1270 22-0 9°5 20-5 9-4 16°8 1287 22-0 11-1 20-5 9-0 17-2 1206 22-0 10:7 20-6 7-9 16-7 1242 22-0 9:3 20-6 6-8 16:9 1298 22-0 8-2 20°6 9-0 17:0 1357 22-0 11-0 20°6 8-7 17:6 1374 22-0 9-9 20°6 8-0 17-1 1335 2 9-0 20:7 9-3 17:0 1370 22:1 86 20-7 8-0 17:0 1146 22-2 11-0 20°8 8-2 17'9 1239 22:2 10:6 20-8 6-4 15-6 1300 22-2 10-7 20:8 8°5 17:0 1309 22-2 9-2 21-0 8-7 17°4 1169 22-3 96 21:0 8:7 16-8 1273 22-3 9-1 21-0 8-4 16-7 355 ices 13:8 21-0 7-0 17:0 1358 2273 10-3 21-0 73 17°4 1360 22-3 12-1 21-1 10-2 18-0 1193 22-4 10-0 21-1 8-2 16-7 1222 22-4 11:7 Penh 11°3 18-2 1275 22-4 10:2 21-2 10-4 16:6 1296 22-4 9-3 Pile? 9-3 7-5 1385 22-4. 9-8 Qt? 7:8 fed, 1366 2225 11:0 red bene 9-9 17°5 L312 22:6 9:6 Aa, 7-1 16-7 1349 Dae 10-6 Zlee 10-0 17°8 1b3s7/1L 22-6 10-1 eles 9-6 18-2 KZ 22-6 10-2 21-4 9:2 18-0 1148 22°74 10°8 21-4 10:2 18-2 1291 AMT | 10:7 21°4 8:9 18-1 1356 220%, 19-4 Dilek 10-0 17°8 1208 22°8 O7 Dliety Aes, 18-7 1351 22 8 107 Diliesy 10°8 18-2 1363 228 105 21:5 8-9 18-3 1145 22-9 10:8 21-5 12:3 18-2 1195 23-0 9-8 PANGS 9:8 18-2 1314 23-0 Waa 21°6 8-2 18-0 1386 23-0 11°8 21°6 6-8 17°8 1297 2371 11-9 21°6 9-0 18-1 1369 23°2 10-3 21°6 i 18:6 1164 783s 10-6 Zle'7 9-8 17-6 1320 Dore 9-6 PAE | 8-2 17-4 1302 23°4 12-4 21-7 EG 19-0 1332 2325 2 CANES ae a WSS 18-9 1227 23-6 11:5 21°8 9-4 We5 1234 23°70 ala kegs 21:9 11-4 18-5 1345 24-0 12-7 21:9 9:2 18°2 1301 24°38 12:8 bo bo bo bo bo be ty WY Wb bd bo WNWNWNNNNYNWl wwwmwe bo mw bo bo to im) bo IDA AD Ss HD Or or or bo Lo bo Ww Wo ty bo © 0 & O&O MH “ — eo) CON Ol OM Ol ol oa) TNWNNYPW bo bo bo bo CS) IMS) Me) Me me HH oo oo LO bo bo po bp be 74 SAMPLE 5 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 2. 2 Size Cm. 7:9 16:8 Zod Tal 13-0 23-5 8-0 UB Br/ BOS 8:3 16-5 23.5 8-0 16-2 Bow 8:8 16:8 23°55 7-0 14-9 23-6 7 | 126 23-6 | 37 17-2 23-6 6:6 USB y Zook 8°8 IU SPr/ PART 8:2 15:2 aah 5-4 ibeR: 23-7 10-2 16:5 23-8 8-4 S7/ 23°8 S-4 15:8 23°8 10-2 16-6 23°8 os) 15:8 23-8 9-8 igre 23-9 8:6 13°8 23°9 8:4 GPS) 24-0 6-0 12-5 24-0 6:9 13°5 24-0 6:3 12°8 24-0 6-4 14-2 24-0 9-3 16-0 24-2, 74 14-0 24-3 9-0 18-1 24-3 8-1 14:4 24-3 10-0 16-0 24-3 v3 16-4 24-4 8:3 16-7 24-6 8:8 Tie 24-6 8:3 14:8 24-6 6:4 14:9 24-7 8-4 14:7 24-7 “4 I bFSre 24-7 10-1 18-5 24-9 8-1 14:6 24-9 | 14:5 24-9 8 15-6 25-0 6 14-4 95-1 3 | 153 25-2 8 | 13-8 25:2 8:0 | 154 25-2 84 | 14:3 254 7-9 | 15-7 25-7 8-1 16:0 26-1 bo bo bo bo oS NS = ww ww bs bv SoM eH rR (=) i eS) WORK NOSOHEH mp pw bw bw wy bo ho bo bo by Stee rate bo AW ieee on PE OTORNAATARDHDIDMOSNABONWAISOAMNY O bo To @ ae Dmwwk cri ON bo Ou 75 SAMPLE 5 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. 1 bo wo - A S| Size. 1 Cm, R-2 | 14:3 | 19-3 | 22-5 | 1263 | 25-4 8-1 8 (14-5 | 19-7 | 22-9 1 1326 | 25-4 | 10-2 8-8 | 15: 20:0 | 22-8 | 1168 | 25°5 | 12-7 8-5-| 14-7 | 19-4] 22-8 | 1344 | 25:5 | 10-0 7-70 | 13-9 | 20°3 | 23:3] 1152 | 25:6 6-8 9-2 | 15-8 | 206] 23-59 1155 | 25-9 7:3 8-4 | 15-7} 21-3.| 23°5 § 1153: | .26°0 | 11:5 -2 | 15-2 | 20-5 | 23-4] 1162 | 26:0 8:3 9-0 | 14-4 | 20:0 | 23-37 1376 | 26-0 | 13-0 76 | 156] 21 23-5 | 1161 | 26 0 if 8-9 | 14:8 | 20-6 | 23-9] 1251 | 26- 90 | 16-2 | 21:2] 24-4] 1147 | 26-2 9-8 | 18-4] 22:4 | 24-7] 1216 | 26-3 11:0 | 18:6 | 22-8 | 24-6 | 1347 | 26-3 8-1 | 14:5 | 18-6] 23-1] 1340 | 27-0 11-6 | 19-4 | 22-4 | 24-7 | 1348 | 28-0 9 0 I re ® Say pen a) Se Ss WKAR Aww — => —_) Size. 1 2, | 3 Q . -_ No) 5 — > aa = a a H= od ro Hw ie) bo na — “IO O& SO Or Or Cw Wl wb io 2) ) W ran Ur Ne) bo bo NY OU t Ho o 02) io2) roy 1 © ~) eH No) wt NWNNNWNNWN WD OSI I St Co Cwm “1 © em CO Lo fed) eet et Ost Oo w ~~ ie) bo bp Ww bo me fb ~I bo ~) bo - 10 Lo On er boot rs 1 0 bw Ww hd bv i=) Or St Oi Ot eH OW Or WHWWNWNNHENW Hho oo ors to bo or iw) > COW W > <>) | S) oo er & WDNNWNNNWIYDNNW DN Ll or) to t ~I / RP Wwh or ow = 2 =" Ne) i= bo —_— D i) nae oO i) OU OK Or Or DAAWO bo bo WO-O bo bo or bo Tos SINT OD. OD OT aro (Dh Cont Sai Nw ors bk bo bo bo bo bo bye be WNWWNNNK YW COMTI NINN AGO aH St b bo Y by te oe 0) 1 1 bo bo bo by bo po oe to Ww by bo www Ww Ww wb we oo 19 1D 1D 1 1D ID A oe ON OD OD Orn “1 IIH OW w Ba ele ee) DID “Io a1 0G & © © We ws BI CMe Mer ws wo © SO bo © op 10:0 76 SAMPLE 6.—WINTER RINGS, 2. bo 15-0 14:6 15°8 13°8 16:6 15:5 Wiser 14:7 14:9 13:9 15:4 16:7 13°5 14-2 ileyr 17°3 14:4 13-7 14-7 17°8 17-0 15:9 16:0 No. 77 SAMPLE 6 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No. Size. 1 2 3 Size. Cm. Cm 1460 23-6 85 15:0 | 21-4 24-5 1509 23-6 8-7 15-8 216 24°5 1597 23-6 5-4 12:8 21-1 24+5 1411 23-7 10-9 15-1 22-0 24-5 1445 23-7 5:5 14-1 21-7 24-5 1448 23°7 9-2 18-7 22-() 24+5 1462 23-7 6-3 14-2 | 21-7 24-5 1475 23-7 10°3 19-6 22-2 24-5 1493 23-7 6:5 17-9 22-1 24-5 1536 23-7 6-2 13:8 21-4 24-6 1404 23-8 72 15-0 22-2 24-6 1407 23:8 9-8 18-4 | 22-4 24-6 1410 23-8 6-0 13:2) |*-21-3 24-6 1435 23-8 8-2 15:9 | 21-8 24-6 1507 23-8 8-4 16-2 21-9 24-6 1598 23-8 7-7 15:3 22-() 24-7 1601 23-8 8-3 16:8 21-4 24-7 | 1610 23-8 9-6 19-0 22-5 24-7 1628 23-8 8-9 18:5 22-0 24-7 1563 23-9 7-6 18-1 22-3 24-7 | 1605 23-9 74 16-2 21°5 24-7 1616 23-0 | 8-9 17-0 22-4 24-8 1398 24-0 12-3 19:5 22:8 24-8 1406 24-0 7:8 16:8 21:8 24-9 1468 24-0 5-4 13-9 29-1 24-9 1582 24-0 7:8 15:1 21-9 24-9 1622 24-0 8-0 15:3 21-7 24-9 1476 24-1 8-6 16-9 22-3 24-9 1486 24-1 8:3 17-2 22-7 25-0 1497 24-1 7-8 16-0 22-1 25-0 1515 24-1 8-1 18-0 22-7 25-0 1556 | 24-1 9-0 18-3 22-2 25-0 1583 24-1 12:8 17°8 22-0) 1390 25-1 1612 24-1 71 71 22-1 1394 25-1 1632 24-1 73 | 15-9 22-2 1457 25-1 1391 24-2 85 | 15:8 21:9 1412 25-2 1423 24-2 88 | 16-5 21:4 1482 25-2 1434 24-2 = 9-0 | 18-0 22-4 1619 25-2 1511 24-2 7-5 | 15-7 22-2 1424 25:3 1579 24-2 10-3 | “187 22-3 1490 25:3 1413 24-3 10-6 20-4 23-0 1635 25-3 1438 24-3 &6 | 163 22-5 1504 25-4 1491 | 24-3 7:6 17-2 22-3 1534 255 1565 243 | 64 13-6 21° 1594 25:6 1574 24-3 | 10-0 17-2 22-8 1608 25-6 1590 24-3 56 13-6 21:9 1474 25:6 1621 24-3 8-2 17-3 22:8 1519 25:7 1420 24-4 7-0 14-4 21-2 1437 25°8 1463 24-4 8-2 16-7 22-4 1481 25-9 1498 24-4 80 | 17-2 22-6 1571 263 1568 24-4 10-1 18-1 23-0 1531 26-4 12-7 1600 24-4 | 7-0 | 13:3 21:9 1631 26-4 bo bo bo bo rm bo ty ty ty by ty ON Ee OD Oe Ww oc i) * wmNnwwnNnwWwW WwW wv \) bo lo w bo ww Oo ly & be wo bo ~] wmHNwww woh wb bv to 1S 1D WY WY Oo ID 1D bs onNnuwoornw Ow ca Io we NM be bo why a] « TIA HK bo bo po vw mW WO a 19 Ade AA NNNNWW bl bm bo bo bdo dw Why OE POR & 09 WwWwwnNnwueNnwnwwnwirslv ww oT mm Ww bw Hm Oo OD Oe OD OWW SD > bo on OU oS bo bo bo bs bb 78 SAMPLE 6 Continued.—WINTER RINGS 4 No Size. 1 Cm. 1477 | 23:8 7:8 1599 | 23°8 9-0 1459 | 23:9 9-3 1548 | 24-0 8-6 1626 | 24:1 9-4 1471 | 24-3 7°9 1566 | 24-4 7:8 1508 | 24:5 (eal 1399 | 24:7 s4 1541 | 24:8 8-0 AOS | 25: Ole Seo. ADD |) 25-1. 7:6 1637 | 25:1 | - 9:2 AGA or ei 1538 | 25-2 8-2 1550) 25-2 8-7 1466 | 25-4 8-2 G1 e254 eo -S Palsy || axes || keer [551 25:5 6°5 | No. | Size i Cm. 4 § 1591 | 25:5 9°5 *2 9 1478 | 25-6 9-9 8 7 1522 | 25:6 | 10-3 | Of 1491 | 25:7 8-4 -0 | 1446 | 25:8 | 10:3 8 § 1453 | 25:8 | 10-9 -6 | 1470 |. 25:8 8-2 -2 § 1570 | 25:8 | 10:6 . 25:9 | 10-0 25:9 74+ 26-2 8-8 | 26°3 | 11°5 26:4; 11-4 26°5 | 10-2 PAT Hp Intent k 26-7 || eS 27-1 | 10:2 paras || ale 27-9 |} 11:9 28:3 8-2 1 | 9 8-3 14-0 6-8 17-6 5-9 12:6 9-1 18-6 6-9 13-9 | 11-5 18-6 | 79 14-0 | 10:8 19-5 9-2 17: 12:9 20-4 11-7 20-0 10-3 17°5 6-7 16:5 6-8 13-8 7-4 14-1 Q-1 15-6 12:4 19-8 12:5 19-8 Age uncertain. bo ro ty “11 ag no Doorwd Hwa DAY ww hd Lo bp bo bo bo Bon bo bo bo ro f& bo bo bo bb fy PS HUE OO Oe Ore TTI ONO WwW © 1) 27°6 Leo 29.9 bo) bo bh bo bw eK po bo Pb we OID ID ON KPFmMmontnm O71 W O&O b& bo Sob bw we ho bot er Saas Ha C9 bo bo bt po Gr yt oh Ov H Cr bo 79 SAMPLE 7.—WINTER RInGs, 1 and 2. 1 Se wwwwpy DNMONDNNNNNNNNNNLN Hnowwwwwwnnnnoee wWwnwypy 1 2 No. | Size. | Cm, 13-5 — 1850 223 15:8 — 1855 223 6:9 15:9 1875 223 7:6 16-1 1882 22°3 8:3 17-4 1890 223 75 16-9 1649 22°4 6-9 15-3 1699 22-4. 7:6 16-4 1734 22-4 10:8 18°5 1762 22-4: 8:0 ie? 1822 22-4 79 17:8 1662 225 8:6 16:0 1676 222d 9-0 17-4 1759 22:5 7:6 17:6 1799 225 7:0 15-7 1805 22-5 10°2, ile/oR 1645 22°6 10-4 18 1 1675 2220 11:8 18-1 Th 22:6 7:4 18:0 1786 22-6 11-4 18-7 1820 22°6 7:6 17:6 1643 DO: 6-6 17-4 1751 P| 9-7 18°6 1847 22-7 79 18°6 1880 D227 9°71 18°6 1659 22:8 86 16°8 1692 22°8 10:0 en 1694 22°8 9-3 18°8 1781 22°83 10°6 18:8 1804 22:8 8:5 16°3 1811 22-9 9:2 18°5 1879 22°9 le?) 18:8 1663 23:0 12°0 19°1 1687 23-0 9°2 178 22) 23:0 9°5 ily/Pil 1733 23:0 10:6 19-4 1748 23-0 8:3 19-0 1767 23:0 10-2 18-1 1808 23:0 9:3 18:5 1812 23:0 7:9 18-0 1833 23:0 8:4 18-2 1859 23:0 9-0 17-6 1878 23:0 10°5 19-0 1642 Zone, 9-4 18-5 1658 23-2 9-4 18°5 1678 Dey aerG 19:1 1810 Wore feo 18-4 1803 23°3 9-3 18-7 1660 23°5 10-6 19:7 1862 23°5 10:2 19-2 1785 23°6 10:8 18°5 1726 PBST 10-0 * 18-9 1838 23°7 net () 19:8 1664 24-0 10-1 19-1 1782 24-0 8-2 18-7 1818 24-1 8:8 18:5 1844 24-1 11:3 19-4 1684 24-2 8:8 18°6 1654 25-1 IK BwMWHOHWNWOWAARRA eo 80 SAMPLE 7 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No. Size. 1 2 3 | No. | Size. 1 2 3 Cm | Cin. 3 1746 21:8 8-2 14-6 19-6 1854 | 23:5 7-3 16-7 21-7 1867 21-8 4-6 12-2 19-1 1680 | 23: 9-4 17-1 216 1690 22-0 8-1 15-1 | 19-7 1685 | 23-6 7-4 15-1 21:1 1704 22-0 9-2 13-9 | 19-0 rear, 23-6 5:7 13-1 20-6 1807 22-0 7-3 13°64) 7 19-7 1779 23-6 5-9 13-9 21-0 1857 22-0 7:3 12-75 | 32050 1792 23-6 11-1 16:8 21:8 1755 22-1 7:3 14:9 | 19-4 1839 23-6 7-9 15-1 21-7 1871 22-2 5:3 12:9 | 19-9 1667 23-7 7-8 16:3 21-1 1747 22-3 10-7 15-6 | 20-4 1732 23-7 | 10-8 16-9 21-2 1801 22:5 6-6 14-3 | 20-8 1766 | 23-7 8-3 15-7 22-2 1888 22-5 74 15-1 | 20-0 1770 23:7 7:8 16-5 21:5 1672 22-6 6-2 14:1 | 20-3 1868 23-7 10-5 18-1 21-6 1674 22-6 8-0 16:3 | 20-6 1698 23-8 6-4 15-9 21:3 1737 22-6 7:4 14-0 20-2 1711 93-3 | 8:7 16-6 22-1 1705 22-6 7:8 16-1 | 19-6 1745 22-8 1) ee. 14:9 2155 1750 22-7 9-3 15:3 | 20-2 1824 23-8 a3 15:8 21-6 1815 22-7 7:3 14-2 | 20-0 1832 23-8 8-0 15-1 21-2 1826 22-7 6-4 13-1 20-3 1707 23-8 6:7 14-0 22-1 1886 22-7 7:3 18:2 | 21-4 1843) a4) 523-8 10-0 17-5 21:5 1768 | 22-8 8-0 15-6 | 20-4 | 1670 | 23-9 90 | 17-6 | 22-0 1787 22-8 7-0 12-6 20-0 1754 23-9 9-7 16-4 22-2 1821 22:8 9-8 12-0 21:3 1788 23-9 9-1 17:8 22-0 1864 22-8 8:3 16:2 20-3 1825 23-9 8-2 15-9 21:7 1866 22:8 8-7 14:5 20-9 1869 23-9 5-2 14:3 21-9 1884 22-8 8-7 15:7 21-0 1666 23-9 8-0 17:8 22-1 1731 22-9 7-9 16:8 20-8 1656 24-() 9-1 17-3 21-9 1764 22-9 8-5 15-7 20-9 1681 24-0 7:8 15-1 21-5 1797 22-9 8:5 15:4 20-6 1742 | 24-0 7-0 15-2 21-4 1798 22-9 9-5 16:5 20:7 1780 24-0 8-9 16-2 22-1 1691 23-0 7-6 14:7 20-4 1669 24-1 9-4 15:8 21:7 1719 23-0 5-7 14-1 20:7 1708 24-1 7:3 15°5 22-4" 1723 23-0 8-8 14:7 | 20-2 1809 24-1 11-4 17-9 21-9 1795 23-0 6-9 14-4 20-2 1841 24-1 5:6 3-9 21-9 1648 "23-1 7-1 14:8 20:7 1644 24-3 81 18-2 22-3 1683 23-1 7-1 14:0 | 20:3 1790 24:3 12-0 17-1 21:8 1682 23-2 6-0 15-6 20-5 1725 24:3 9-6 19-2 22-9 1724 23-2 9-3 15-6 20 6 1774 | 24-3 9-1 17:8 21-9 1743 23-2 7-7 14:9 21:5 1641 24-4 6-2 13-5 22-0 1790 23-2 7-6 15-4 | 20-4 1791 24-4 75 16-2 21-6 1827 23-2 8-3 15:5 21-0 1819 24-4 9-5 18-4 22-6 1829 23-2 8-1 14:5 20-0 1677 24-5 9-0 17-5 22:3 1889 23-2 6-6 11-2 | 20-1 1876 24-5 8-3 17-3 22-4 1701 23-3 10-1 15-7 20-5 1665 24-6 6-1 14-7 21-8 1741 23-3 7-3 15-3 | 21-1 1671 24-6 6-4 14-9 215 1813 23:3 11-1 18°5 21:6 iialre 24-6 7-0 15-0 21-9 1823 23-3 8-2 14-4 21-1 1735 24-6 9-7 17-4 22-4 1668 23-4 8-8 1555 | 21-0 1817 24-6 8-6 16:8 22-7 1673 23-4 5.9 13-5 20-0 1861 24-6 9-2 18-1 22:5 1729 23-4 8.9 15-2 | 21-3 1661 24-8 7:7 14-6 21:38 1834 23-4 8-6 15-9 21:3 1753 24-8 9-8 17-6 23-1 1851 23-4 7-0 16-6 | 20-7 173 24-9 9-6 18:3 23-0 1652 23-5 9-5 16:7 21:1 1800 25-0 8-0 15-7 23-1 1708 23:5 10:3 16-4 | 21-0 1718 25-1 8-8 15:3 22-2 1716 23-5 7-8 15-9 21-6 1721 25:2 9-2 18-4 23-7 1752 23-5 71 14-4 21-4 1744 25:2 11:5 19-9 23:5 1775 23:5 9-2 17-7 21-0 1783 252 8-9 17-7 23-0 1776 23:5 5:0 13-9 20:6 1709 25:5 8-2 17:3 23:3 1794 23-5 7:3 14-4 20-7 1686 26-2 9-4 21-7 25-0 1853 23:5 7-7 13-2 20:7 81 SAMPLE 7 Continued.— WINTER RINGS, 4 to 7. 10:8 20-9 24°2 26:0 — 6 TR baie N oO Q B NHFOOOC OO to bo wy bo po bo bo ro oo 1D ro bo bo po bo bo bo OU Ol HB HB OO OD 09 LO bo bp Go Ww Oo OD WD OO OO bo bo AP ENING erie GIS De alae bo bp re on en “1 © ow we bo on bo cn jonl oOwds © ow 0 OO Seog aos Geis Gy Guu ck bo bo =I bo m2 GO 0D OD pa PD bo b> bd bo ro oo oo CO bo 82 SAMPLE 8.—WINTER RINGS, 2. 1 Size. 1 Cm 11:4 23°5 10-7 12-0 Zot 12-2 9-6 23-7 11-2 10-7 Zot 109 11:6 23:9 10-2 11:6 23°9 9-9 11-0 23-9 11-6 11-2 23:9 11-4 ipa 24-0 11:8 11:0 24°2 te3 11:9 24-6 Bs 11-2 24-7 13-4 9-3 24-8 137 10:9 25-0 17 10-5 25-0 iLiiee 10:6 SAMPLE 8 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. | il | 2 3 No. Size. il 2 Cm. 0 15-4 20:3 1932 23°8 8-1 || 6:8 7 13°6 19:8 1968 23°8 8-8 | 15:8 0 17:1 20-9 1979 23:8 83 | 15:9 4 14:2 20°2 2009 23°8 9-9 15-7 7 16:3 21-4. 2055 23°8 1275 | 8:0 “4 16-1 21-4 2090 23°8 ffl 13°8 3 15-9 20:6 2100 23°8 10-1 |) Av46 3 16-3 20:9 2128 23°8 6:8 14:6 9 15-2 20:2 1958 23°9 7:7 14:3 0 14-2 20:8 1975 23-9 6-7 14:1 3 16:9 21-6 1978 23:9 8-9 ar 8 16-5 miles 1995 23°9 10-8 15:8 =) 18-1 Doral 2110 23:9 9:2 16-4: a5: 14-4 20-6 2113 23-9 9-9 18-1 25) 16-8 VA 0) 1921 24-0 3 16-5 ee 15:3 21-1. 1985 24-0 8:8 18-0 “7 16-4 21:6 2022 24-0 8°83" |. W6 5) 14:9 Zilie?, 1940 24-1 7-4 ibs “4 17°8 21-4 2043 24-1 8:7 16-7 0 13-0 20:9 2139 24-1 ES 16-9 6 18-1 ilies, 1955 24-2, 8:2 ra, 6 15:5 Zils, 1981 24-2 9-0 1é-7 8:5 174. 21-6 1984 94-2 8:4 17:9 8-4 18-2 21°4 2030 24-2 9:0 16-2 8-6 17-2 21-1 2052 24-2 a5 16-4 8-9 16-0 21-9 2054 24-2 12°8 20-6 “4. 16:9 22°3 2063 24-2 9-7 17-2 bo bo bo po bw pt it OD bh why bt DW N NO bd bo bo 1D A RD WD 1D re ND OIMOERUMA WSO HOOWAINNNOSCAARWOE bo mh bh Ww b bo WO 0 0 et 83 SAMPLE 8 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No. Size. 1 2, 53 No. Size. 1 2 3 Cn: Cm 2080 24-2 10:9 16:3 21+) 1980 24-9 71 17:0 22-9 2119 24-2 10-1 17-6 22.4 1993 24-9 7-9 16-9 23-0 1900 24-3 11-6 18-2 22. 2019 24-9 8-0 17°3 22-5 1902 24-3 7-2 16-1 22. 2060 24-9 88 15:8 23-2 1924 24-3 86 15:3 21: 1939 25-0 10-0 19:5 23-4 1956 24-3 8-0 15°3 21: 1948 25-0 87 15:8 22-3 1962 24-3 8-7 16-2 2]: 1977 25-0 7-6 14-5 22-5 1970 24-3 10-5 17-0 1999 25-0 11-1 17-4 22.9 2006 24-3 10-4 17:9 2089 25-0 10°5 16°5 23-4 2n42 24-3 955 183 2127 25-0 10-2 18:5 22-7 2072 24-3 71 14-7 2131 25-0 10-8 189 23-2 2118 24-3 6-5 14-6 21: 1896 25-1 3 15:7 23-4 1898 24-4 9:3 19-0 23. 1901 25-1 13-0 20-5 23-4 1957 24-4 °9 14:3 21: 1938 25-1 9-1 17°6 23-1 1964 24-4 12:6 19-6 22. 2088 25-1 8-9 17-9 22-9 1982 24-4 12-4 18-5 22-€ 1905 25-2 10-6 18-5 23-0) 1983 24-4 7-7 15-7 2] 1935 25-2 a4 17-0 23-0 2020 24-4 8-0 15-9 2? 2044 25-2 10-2 17-5 | 22-1 2057 24-4 8-9 15-7 21: 2061 25-2 8-4 16:6 | 23-2 2075 24-4 8-6 16-1 22.9 2065 25-2 8-5 181 | 22-9 2105 24-4 87 18-0 22-2 1965 253 7-3 15-1 22-8 1953 24-5 7-7 18-0 22-4 2114 25:3 6-3 15:4 23-1 2017 24-5 9-3 17-0 22-5 1920 25+5 10:8 19-2 23-6 2041 2405 8-7 15-9 21-7 2083 25:5 8-6 16:9 22-8 2076 24-5 9-5 16:7 22-7 2093 255 10-9 17°3 23-0 2036 24-5 7-3 15-6 21-8 2048 25:6 8-6 17-0 23-2 2126 24-5 11-3 18-3 92-5 2005 25-7 12-1 17-6 | 23-5 1911 24-6 9-1 201-3 23-1 2084 25-8 Q-4 17:7 23-2 2012 24-6 8-0 17-6 22-3 2125 25-8 11:4 19-3 23-8 1903 24-7 8-2 17°8 22-4 1989 25:9 11-2 195 23-7 1909 24-7 y-4 19-1 23-1 2062 25-9 8-4 17°3 23-1 1910 24-7 8-6 16-7 22-2 1928 26-0 9-2 19-6 23-7 1942 24-7 8-8 155 21-7 2049 26-3 10-1 17:2 23-0 1994 24-7 7-2 14-5 22-5 2109 26-4 8-6 18-2 23-6 1996 24-7 83 17°5 22-4 1943 26-5 9:5 18-1 | ° 24-5 1908 24-8 103 20-0 23-2 2074 26-5 11:7 17:8 23-7 1916 24-8 11-4 19-7 22-8 1963 26-6 9:8 18-7 23-7 1929 24-8 10-4 17-9 22-4 1906 26-7 11-8 20-3 24-6 1952 | 24-9 7-6 14-9 22-0 2001 27-9 13-7 20-1 26-0 2021 |) 23:1 6-4 5 19°6-| 21-7 6-6 | 15-0 | 20-6 | 23-2 2079 | 24-1 &:0 | 14:2 | 21-5 | 23-5 8-5 | 15-9 | 20-4 | 23-4 1946 | 24-2 See) L522) ZONE 23-0 ghee | ali(cas |] Aalicyy | 23:8 2070 | 24-3 9-7 | 16-6 | 20°9 | 23-4 B41) TS-8 202) 238-3 2101 | 24:3 5:7 | 15:3} 20°7 | 23-4 Gefe tebe 2th 22.6 No. | Size 1 2 3 No. | Size. 1 2 3: 4 Cm Cm. 2047 | 24-9 9-5 | 16-6 | 20-9 | 23-1 | 2132 | 25-9 7:9 | 17-4 | 22-2 | 24-8 2108 | 24-9 9-4 | 17-6 | 21-4 | 23-9 | 1987 | 26:0 | 11°8 | 19°8 | 22-6 | 24-7 1934 | 25:0 )-5 | 16-9 | 21-3 | 23:6 | 2051 | 26:0 | 10-6 | 19-9 | 22-9] 24-8 1893 | 251 | 10-7 | 18-4 | 22-1 | 24-0 | 2107 | 26-0 8:8 | 17-3 | 21-9 | 24-9 2034 | 25-1 9-3 | 17-7 | 21-8 | 24-0 | 1971 | 26-1 | 12-3 | 19°5 | 22-7 | 25-0 1988) ] 25:2 | 10-7 | 18-0 | 21°6 | 23-7 | 1897 | 26-2 8:7 | 16:8 | 22-33) o25-1 2081.) 25-2 9-9 | 16-6 | 21-9 | 24:5 | 1960 | 26-2 | 12-6 | 18:1 | 22-2 | 24-7 2099 | 25-2 9-2 | 15:8 | 22°8 | 24:2 | 2058 | 26-2 | 10-2 | 18-1 | 23-0) 25-1 1894 | 25-3 | 10-1 | 16-2 | 21-3 | 24-1 J 2135 | 26-2 8:7 | 16°5 | 21-9 | 24-8 2027 | 25:3 O27) e327 ||_ 24a) 1923.4) 326-3 8:3 | 17:0 |} 21-6 | 24-6 1913 | 25-4 9-5 | 16-9 | 21-9 | 24-3 | 2031 | 26-3 | 11-6 | 18°8 | 23-2 | 25-3 1918 | 25°5 8:0 | 16°5 | 22-0 | 24:5 | 2082 | 26-3 | 10-1 | 17:9 | 22-3 | 25:2 2026 | 25:5 8-6 | 17-4 | 22-0 | 24:5 | 2122 | 26-3} 11:0 | 19-2 |. 22-7] 25-3 2056 | 25-5 8-5 | 14:5 | 20-7 | 28:9 | 1891 | 26-5 7-5 | 14-1) 21-35 Sonn 1959 | 25-6 8:5 | 17-4 | 21-4 | 24:1 | 1950 | 26-5 | 10-6} 17-4 | 23-4 |] 26:3 2102 | 25:6 8:9 | 16°5 |] 20:8 | 24:2 | 2018 | 26-5 9-6 | 19-1 | 22°5 | 25:0 1919 | 25-7 8:0 | 17-7 | 23:0 | 24°6 | 1936.| 26-6 | 11-4 | 20-1 | 28-5 | 25-4 1973 | 25:7 9-3 | 16°9 | 22:2 | 24-7 | 2064 | 26:6) LO-L | 27-7 |) 22-725 1895 | 25-8 8:3 | 16:0 |] 20:8 | 24-4 | 2059 | 26-9 76 | 17-2. | 23°00) 225-7 1954 | 25:8 | 12:0 | 18:9 | 22:0 | 24-4 | 1961 | 27-1 5:4 | 13:6 | 21-7 | 25-6 2015 | 25:8 9-7 | 17-4 | 21-6 | 24-5 | 1997 | 27-4 | 10-1 | 19°95 | 23-35) 268 2123 |) 25:8 8-1} 16:5 | 22-1 | 24-7] 1969 | 27-5 | 11:0 | 19-8 | 23-3 | 26-0 2023 |} 25:9 | 10-7 | 20-1 | 23:0 | 24:9 | 1907 | 27:7 | 8-9 | 18-7 | 24:0 | 26-7 2025 | 25-9 8-2 | 17-5 | 22:0 | 24:7 | 2136 | 27-9 | 11:6 | 21:4 | 24-7 | 26°6 2068 | 25:9 | 10:6 | 20-7 | 23:3 | 25-1 SAMPLE 8 Continued.—WINTER RiNGs, 5 to 9. No Size 1 ye 3° | 4 5 6 ia 8 9 Cm 2028 | 24-8 8:0 | 15-6 | 19-9 | 22-3 | 24-0 — —_ — — 1986 | 25-1 8-1 | 14:5 | 21-2 | 23:2 | 24-4 — _ —_— —_— 2039 | 25-2 CEB) alyerficile PAS ad PBs |e tay —_— —_— — — 1930 | 25-5 9:5 | 17:1 | 21:6 | 23-6 | 24-7 — -- _- = P1224 |e25-7 8-2 ] 14:3 | 19°5 | 22:7 | 25-0 —_— — -~ — 1904 | 25-7 8:3. |) 14-5) | 19°65) 922-6) 25-0 —_ — _— —_ 2129) 25:7 |) 14-0 | 19:8 | 22-9 | 24-4] 25-3 — _ _— —_— 2098 | 25:8 9-59) 16-2) 2d) 2327 25-8 os — a a 1937 | 25-9 O71 alee? 23:9 | 25-1 — = — —_— Pith 259s 20-7 | 18-4 | 22-01 239) | 25a. — — — _— 1927 | 26:0 S:0n) 25274) 20:70) 23-6))| 32459 ae -—= — — 2091 | 26-0 8-3 | 15:9 | 22-1 | 24-8 | 25-6 — —_ — od 2095 | 26-1 SF E23 2388 125-5 — — —_— — 2103 | 26:2 7d | 14:6) 20:7 | 24:0} 25-7 — — -= a 1992 | 26-4 Oe aged a) 22-2) ll 924-6 J) 25-9 _— —_ — —_ 1998 | 26-4 9-0) A791 +] *22°6.)' 25-0 | 26-4. a= — — —- 84 SAMPLE 8 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. 85 SAMPLE 8 Continued —WINTER RINGS, 5 to 9. No Size al 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Cm 2106 | 26:8 Male tS br 219 24 25:8 — —_— --- — 1966 | 27:3 9:4 | 17-6 | 22-1 | 24:9 | 26-5 -— _- — — 2014 27-50) 110-6 1) 18-09)" 23°35) 25-6" || 26-9 — —- a= — 2007 | 25-6 82274 15:0. 120°3) | 2227 | 24-3 Ih 25-2 —- — — 1892 | 26:3 7°79} 16:4 | 21-1 | 28:3 | 24-3 | 25:4 —_ = — 1991 | 26-3 (efalelacle| 20-Oee23°2 24 Oele2o-78 _ _ — 2104 | 26-5 7-8 | 15°55 | 20°99 | 23-1 | 24-8 | 25:8 —- _— — 2000 | 27:0 | 11°8 | 20-71 | 22-9 | 24-8] 25-9 | 26-6 -= — —- 1951 | 27-7 8-8 | 14-6] 19-1 | 22:9} 24:9 | 26:2 | 27-0 — -- 2040) 1 28°7 1-9) 20:7 |) 24°20 25-7 | 27-0 27-4 | 28-00) 28-4 — 2046 | 27-3 | 10:7 | 18:7 | 22:0 | 23°6 | 24:7 | 25:4 | 26:0 | 26:5 | 27:0 86 SAMPLE 9.—WINTER RinGs, 1 and 2. No. Size. id 2 No. Size. Cm. ; Cm. 2247 21°4 11:0 — 2387 22°8 2386 20°53 8&6 16-1 2333 | _ ‘22:9 2176 Ziel 10°5 18-1 2UT7 22°9 2171 PAILS 8-7 16°5 2260 | .23-0 2194 21°8 8:7 17-4 2168 20:1 2301 22:0 12-0 19-0 2322 23°1 2166 Zoek 9-0 18°35 2221 23°2 2225 22:1 8:3 18-4 2146 25-4 2162 22°2 9-2 19-3 2169 23-4 2329 22-2 10°5 19-2 2299 23-4 2277 22°3 | 9-2 19:2 2353 23°4 2285 22:3 10-9 19-0 2380 23°4 2211 22:4 10-0 19-2 2241 23°5 2280 22°4 10°5 a Pal 2178 23°6 2167 22-5 9-8 18°5 2226 23°6 2187 22:5 isle by 19-3 2382 23°6 2270 2275 on, ils Pal 2184 23°8 2224 22°6 8-9 18-7 2240 23°8 2264 22°6 10°8 LG Al. 2262 23°9 2336 22:8 Te 19-9 2342 24:0 2351 22°8 9-6 19°5 2294 24:3 2556 22°8 10°5 19-4 SAMPLE 9 Continued.—WINTER RINGs, 3. ale 2) m w No Size. 1 % 3 No Size. Cm. Cin Qe, 21°3 6:7 14-0 19-3 2305 PBL 2282 21:9 8-4 16-1 19-7 2246 yee 2259 22:0 6-4 13-0 19-6 2250 23°1 2208 2223 i 9-1 15:3 19°8 2256 233° 22D 22:3 77 14:9 19:5 2278 23-1 2152 22-6 6:7 13°3 19-4 2346 BY 2244 22-6 7-5 13:8 26-0 2193 Zane Dk 22-6 8-0 15:2 20-7 2230 23°3 2150 22-7 8-0 15:5 19-9 2285 UBS 2186 22-8 9-2 15:6 20-3 2300 23°3 PH | 22°8 9:3 17:1 21-0 2338 23°3 2345 22°8 1-5 13°8 20-6 2305 23°75) 2214 22-9 9-8 15-3 20:7 2149 23-4 | 2357 22-9 78 14:9 20-0 ZA73 23-4 2376 22-9 8-5 16-4 21-0 2189 23-4 2163 23-0 6°5 15:2 20-7 2310 23:4 2190 23-0 7:7 14-0 20°6 2335 23-4. 22a 23-0 8:3 14-7 20-7 2355 23-4 2249 23-0 8-4 13:9 19-7 2147 23:5 2286 23-0 8:3 15-0 20-3 2160 23.5 bo ao | 1D sIs1 WAADOAS w 1D Oo 0 © ee fale) ; wo He & Cy CO es Ou 87 SAMPLE 9 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No Size 1 2 3 No Size 1 2 3 Cm. Cm 2174 23°5 8-4 17°5 21-6 2302 DAL 7:5 14°5 21:0 2207 23°5 10:5 16:7 21-3 2317 24-1 8-9 18-2 22-2, 2243 23°5 5:8 13-7 20°8 2385 24-1 5:7 14-4 21:0 22°71 23-5 9-0 14:9 21-4 2204 24-2 9-2 16-2 21°8 2276 23°5 7:4 15:8 21°6 2209 2A? 11-7 19-0 23:0 2159 23°6 10-1 17:0 DAZ 2212 24-2 9-4 17°5 21-9 2290 23-6 8-4 16°9 21:3 2220 24-2 9°8 19°3 22-9 2306 23°6 TL. 14-7 20°8 Zon, 24-2 9-9 16:5 21-9 2334 23°6 4-4 13-1 21-1 2234 24-2 7-9 14:9 D2 2391 23°6 9:3 17:0 21°8 2316 24:2 9°8 16:9 22-0 2156 23°7 8-4 15:7 21°8 2331 24-2 8-4 15-4 21-7 2213 23°7 10:9 17:9 21-9 2210 24-3 8-6 16-9 22:4 2263 23°70 &-9 “16-2 es DS i1ut 24-3 76 “7, 22-1 2281 23-7 8:8 16-7 21-2 2883 24:3 10:8 17-1 22-4 2350 EST 74, 14:1 20-2 2364 24:3 6-9 15:5 21:8 2352 23°7 9:7 16:2 21:6 2265 24:3 10:5 17-0 PAD 2367 23°7 8:8 sor 21-3 2157 24°4 8:5 16:9 21°9 2379 23°7 8°5 15-7 21°4 2332 24-4 9-2 17:9 23:0 2161 23°8 9-2 16-1 21:7 2188 24-5 12-1 18-1 22-4 2202 23:8 8-9 17:2 21:8 2258 24-5 ri 15-7 PANEL Doo 23:8 76 17:7 22:0 2284 24-5 6:3 16°3 21:8 2208 23:8 7-0 14-2 20:9 2291 24-5 8-7 16:3 21:9 2255 23°8 75 16:2 21:8 2298 24-5 8:29 18:2 23:0 2279 23-8 7:9 15:1 21:5 2320 24°5 9:3 16:3 D273 2287 23°8 7-9 18:0 21:9 2340 24:5 11-4 18:6 22°8 2296 23°8 10-7 18:5 22-4 Dont 24°5 7:5 14:9 PAIS T( 2304 23°8 7:9 16:9 21-7 2148 24-6 10:4 16-9 22-0 2307 23°8 6:4 15:6 22:0 2228 24-6 7:6 15:2 21-7 2372 23°8 8:4 14-9 2-4 2266 24-6 7-2 15°3 22-1 2192 23-9 5:9 15:4 21-7 2315 24-6 8-2 18:3 22h 2251 23°9 73 15° 21:4 2369 24°6 9-3 18-4 22-9 2252 23°9 10:6 17:3 21:9 2196 24-7 Q-7 15:9 21°8 2309 |, 23-9 6:7 14:0 21°1 2238 24-7 8:8 18-0 22-4. 2366 23°9 8:3 16-6 22:2, 2268 24-7 10°3 17°8 22°3 2164 24-0 10-7 17-4 22-2, 2297 24°7 &-1 15:7 22-7 2165 24-0 8-2 17°8 22-2, 2318 24-7 9-4 17°3 22-0 2198 24:0 9-9 alT(ere 22°3 2324 24-7 10:0 17:6 22°6 2218 24-0 10-9 16-4 21°7 2349 24:7 9-1 15:8 D2, 2231 24-0 9°5 18:5 22°5 2289 24°8 10°8 17:0 22-3 2232 24-0 10-1 17°3 21:9 2341 24:8 12°3 18-6 22°5 220) 24-0 11:1 16-6 22-2, 2374 24-8 9-9 18:1 22-9 2303 24-0 9°5 16-1 22:1 2216 24-9 11:7 19-0 23:0 2354 24-0 UT 17°38 21°8 2384 24-9 71 13:8 Diliely, 2362 24-0 6:9 14:1 21:8 2181 25:0 9-2 16:3 22°83 2368 24-0 8-7 16-6 21-5 2219 25:0 8:3 17°6 23:2 2381 24:0 9-3 16:4 21°5 2229 25-0 8:3 16:7 22-2, 2389 24:0 8-0 15-2 21°8 2242 25:0 6-0 13:3 22:8 2155 24-1 8-4 16:7 22°3 225M 25-0 8:5 18:4 Die 2158 24-1 77 15:5 22-0 2347 25-0 10-7 20-0 23°6 2197 24-1 6:6 15°5 21:8 2360 25:0 9-0 17°7 22-4 2239 24-1 9-2 16:2 21:9 2363 25:0 72, 14:3 22-8 88 SAMPLE 9 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No Size. i 2 33 No. Size. 1 | , | 3 Cm Cm 2378 25:1 10:9 18-7 23°71 2371 25°5 10:9 18-2 23:4 2170 25-2 12:6 19:3 23°3 2200 25°6 11-2 19:3 24-0 2215 25°72 |) 10-8 16-6 23:0 2295 25°6 8:8 17:4 22:4 2339 253 8-2 16-9 22-8 2312 25:7 9-2 17°7 23°1 2344 PARA i) LAA) alts 23-0 2326 25-7 9-3 16-7 22:2 2145 25:4 8-0 18-1 23-0 2330 25°7 9-4 18-6 23°1 2201 25-4 11:0 18°5 23:0 2314 25°9 19-4 20°8 24-3 2269 25-4 10°8 16°5 23:0 2390 26-3 9-9 17-2 23°8 2199 25°d 11:5 AIPIl 23°5 2370 26:5 10-4 19-1 24-0 2245 25:5 11:2 19-2 23-4 2143 25°8 8:5 17:9 24-5 2343 25-5 13:0 19-4 PBST) 2388 261-9) 12-3 20-7 24-7 2361 Dies 10:6 18:8 23°5 SAMPLE 9 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. No. | Size. 1 2. 3 4 Size. 1 2 3 4 Cm. Cm. 2260 | 22-2 S77 1 rida) alias} 1) 21055 25:4 8-7 | 15:0) | -21-OMieZ oan Zit | 23:8 sa} We Grab || PA0e4 |) ey) 25°6 7:2 | 13:9 | 18:0 | 23:3 2180 | 24-0 9-2} 16:5 | 20:2 | 22-8 25:7 | 10-70) | 7-4 |) 22-4a ees 2313 | 24-4 hassle |) Palla, uae 25°8 7-3 | 16:07) 2251 ete 2293 | 24:6 8:4 | 15°83 | 21:2 | 23-4 25:8 9:0 | 16-4 | 21-8) 24: Dal eie4 \) VAL Gry 8-8 | 15-5 | 19:9 | 23-1 26°70 | 11-3 | 19:8 | 922-7ee25-0 2233 | 24-7 8-1 | 15:8 | 20°8 | 23-5 26°3 9°5 |. 17-7 | 22a eza-8 2254 | QA-7 te | iefe8s |v ot, bag e7/ 26°5 | 12:0 | 20:3 |) 23-5 e25-5 2319 | 24-7 9-2. | 15-1 | 19°6 | 22-6 26-6 7-5 | 15:3) 20-7 2205 | 24:8 9-0 | 16°3 | 21-8 | 23-8 26:9 | 12:1 | 20:2") 23°64) 268 2185 |. 24:9 9:0) | 16-1 | 20-5 | 23 27-0. | 10-1 | 19:2 | 2325-6 2337 | 25:0 6:6 | 14:0 | 18:6 | 22-4 27D | 12-3" | - 19-5 || 23-9 26-2 2308 | 25:1 (RE? || 783373 | tas |) eases! No Size 1 2 3 4 5 6 Uf 8 Cm 2142 24-1 9-3 72 21-0 22°5 23°5 — a woe 2261 24°3 wa 15 19-3 22°6 23°6 — _— — 2359 24-8 5-9 15:3 20-6 22-6 24-2 a oo — 2348 25-3 8-1 15:8 19-7 22-6 24-6 a cae — 2195 25°5 6-6 1 20:2 23°2 24:8 — — — 2153 26°4 8-4 7:4 21:4 23°7 25°4 — — — 2179 26-4 7-6 5 20°6 23°5 25°4 _— — — 2373 26°5 75 14-0 20-0 232, 2° —_— — — 89 SAMPLE 9 Continued.— WINTER RINGS, 5 to 8. rs or for) © wo a oD ] No. Size. 1 2, 3 | | Cm | 2274 26-9 8-1 15-1 21-7 | 245 26-2 = 2398 | 27-4 | 10-4 19-0 23-5 25-6 26-9 = 2141 29-4 9-0 17°6 23-7 | 26-9 28-7 a 2965 24-4 6-1 13°3 18:2 | 20:8 22-6 23 2182 26-5 88 15-2 21-7 | 23.9 25-0 25 2217 26°5 S-4 15-0 20-6 23-3 24:5 25 2327 28-7 8-3 16-5 27-9 | 25-2 26-7 27 2323 27-7 81 16-2 21-6 | 24-4 | 25-7 26 90 SAMPLE 10.—WINTER RINGS, 1 and 2. No. Size. i 2 Size. 1 2 | Cin Cin. 2399 20:2 13-4 — 2476 22:4 11°8 18-7 2519 20-5 14:3 — 2427 22-5 11-0 19°8 2398 Pilt-() 13:9 — 2455 DIAS 10°5 191 2496 APA 15:0 — 2603 22-5 9-0 19-1 2403 219 13°5 — 2419 22-6 9:7 19-5 2562 20:1 eS 17-0 2479 22°6 11-9 19-6 2460 20-4 9-6 2, 2407 PPIAT 10-9 20-5 2464 20-6 9-0 ily 33 2422 22-7 10°5 19-0 2480 20°8 9-6 166 2453 PAT 10-1 18-6 2392 21-0 9-8 17-4 2397 22°8 13-0 20-6 2409 21-0 15 16-9 2404 22°8 antler 19-3 2423 wile? 8-2 iF, 2417 22°83 10°2 18°3 2454 21-3 98 17-9 2443 22-8 12-4. 20-0 2470 21-4 10:8 17°8 2444 22°8 12-4 20°2 2486 21-4 8:5 UV ET/ 2458 22°8 11-4 19-7 2497 Zlib 7-0 18:6 2571 22:8 78 18-4 2402 21°6 8-5 17-2 2594 225 qa al 18:8 2405 21-6 Sai 179 2414 22-9 11:6 20-2 2465 21-6 10-0 19°3 2552 23-0 9-6 19-3 2490 ZAG 77 168 2583 23:0 10-8 19-3 2424 21-7 12-0 19-0 2600 23°0 i325 ZO 2548 21°8 6-9 Nees 2629 23:0 11°6 19°3 2396 21:9 9-4 18-0 2484 Zork 12-3 20°2 2520 21-9 9-8 18°5 2587 Zou Hall 15:0 2581 21:9 8:3 ier 2597 23:1 13-3 20-1 2439 22-0 9-6 19-6 2634 Zook 10-6 19-0 2487 22-0 6-1 eT, 2410 eee 11-6 19-2 255 22:0 8-1 17-8 2593 23-2, 13-6 20:3 2450 PAUEI L 6-4 18:6 2489 ite t2=2 19-4 2452 221: 10-0 18-3 2586 FEBS 10-6 19-6 2d 2271 9-4 19-0 2418 Zoo 10-4 19-7 2440 22-2, 10-3 19-0 2596 23-6 10-6 18°5 2446 Ae 10°5 18:8 2483 PBT | iG ler 20°5 2425 223 8-2 18-0 2555 LB its) 13-4 20-7 2463 pa 9-4 18-9 2412 24-1 9-1 20-7 2595 ARS 10:3 19-0 No. 2393 2394 2456 2429 2509 2521 Cm. 22-0 6:3 22-0 9-5 22:0 7-9 Dies 8-7 22-5 wed 22:5 78 Y 7) ba | econows a= Dmownwk TN WNNWNY WE wDNNNNNN & 2 OP Oo Ob Op OF OP IS eee OC oO O rp bh hy wb bv Be se bo kb bv bo bo ww w " bo bo bo C9 ty OY CO CY GO ho bo WOM MDMOMMOAVIAAP SUH bo po bo bo wwowauw wo iw) bo bo 9 oO LO 91 SAMPLE 10 Continued.— WINTER RINGS, 3. 1 2 3 No: size if 2 3 Cm. 8-6 17-4 21:3 2591 23°9 9°38 17°8 21-9 9-0 16:3 21:2 2514 24-0) 9-6 17°8 22°3 3 14-7 21-2 2598 24-0 9-0 17°5 22-0 73 16-5 20-4 25 24-0 2°2 18:8 22°5 74 14-0 20-2 2630 24-0 9-0 16:5 PALSY) 78 14-0 19-9 2428 24-2 75 15:7 220) 7-0 15-1 20°8 2635 24-2 9-6 16:5 21:9 73 15:8 21:0 2416 24:3 32, 16-7 22°3 10-6 17°3 D2, 2438 24-4 9°5 19°3 23-0 ak 17:0 21°8 2504 24-4 9:0 16:8 22-4. 9-6 17-1 20-9 2554 24-4 9-1 18-4 22-4 9°7 18°3 21-9 2556 24-4 9 FES) 22°3 LEP 18-9 20:3 590 24-4 (iiss 15-2 21-4 9-0 17-2 21-2 2589 24°5 o:3 19-2 22:9 9°83 7:3 21-2 442, 24-6 9-9 IY 22:8 85 16-2 21-4 33 24:6 122 19-0 23-0 11-4 18-1 21-8 33 24-6 11-9 19-8 22:9 8-0 15°3 20-3 2577 24-6 10-6 18-6 22:7 11-4 lige 20°8 632 24:6 8:6 BE? 22°3 8-1 17°3 21-3 639 24:8 10°8 19-6 23°2 9°5 17°5 22:0 2475 24-9 TL-9 19°8 23-1 Sc 16-0 ro Ne 2527 24-9 12 20-0 23°2 9°6 17-5 21:5 2551 24-9 7:3 15-6 22°8 8-1 15:5 21°3 2599 24-9 76 Urrer 22-4. 8:5 Ch 21:8 2641 25:0 7 15:3 22:0 fou 14:2 21-1 2500 25:1 10-7 18-2 22-3 8-0 4-6 21:9 2534 25:1 a0 16-2 22-1 74 14:8 21°3 2553 25°1 8:9 16°6 23°2 8:8 17°3 21-7 2622 25°] 10°3 etl 23-0 7:6 14:3 20-1 2523 25°2 8:0 16-1 23°6 85 16-9 21-4 2637 25-2 10-6 18-4 23°1 9:2 16°5 22:0 2575 25-5 10°3 18-9 23-4 10-3 18°3 22-4 2631 25°5 9-1 17-4 23°3 8:6 16-6 21:7 2568 25:7 8:6 ley 23-0 6-9 16-4 22-0 2542 25°8 10-6 19-4 23°5 9-7 16:4 21°8 2564 25°8 9°6 20-0 24-1 10-1 17-4 21:6 2617 26-0 8-7 alga 22:7 11-0 ied 22-4. 2623 26°2 11 ea 19-8 24-2 1 er 18-8 22-5 2539 26°3 10-9 19-5 24°5 10-0 19-0 22°5 2426 26°5 12:6 20-9 24-6 3 18-0 22-2, 2607 26-6 12°5 21-0 24°5 10-7 18:2 22:6 2540 27°3 15 22:0 26-0 92 SAMPLE 10 Continued WINTER RINGs, 4 No Size. 1 2 33 No. | Size. 1 Cm. Cm. DAA ore 5-9 | 15°7 | 20-1 | 22:2.§ 2608 | 25-7 71 2636 | 23:6 | 10-1 | 16:6 | 20:0 | 22°5 | 2620 | 25-7 9-4 ZEB AL || Br Se7p |i sep ikse7e || Sse | PAGS | ate | alee! 2544 | 23-9} 81) 15-4 | 20-2 | 22-8 | 2618 | 25:8 | 10-0 2508 | 24-2 8-7.| 16-2} 20:1 | 23:0 | 2491 | 25:9 | 11-1 2615 | 24-3 7-9 | 16:5 | 20-6 | 23-0 | 2528 | 25-9 | 10-2 2569 | 24:5 8-6 | 15-0 | 20-1 | 23-1 J 2584 | 23:9 | 8-7 2434 | 24-6 9-8 | 17-0 | 21-4 | 23-7 | 2432] 26:0 | 1063 2437 | 24-7 9-8 | 18-1 | 21:6 | 23-8 | 2505 | 26-0 8°8 2482 | 24-7 | 10:2 | 16°3 | 20°4 | 23-5 | 2525 | 26-0 8-7 D494) |) 24-7 | 10-0) | 27-1) 21-2) 23-7 992545) | 26-0 7-9 2492 | 24-8 8:35 16:80) 221 |) 241 26098 26-7 8-0 2640 | 24:9 | 10-2 eG | 2h 24-0 26rS) | 26:30 |) ioe: 2441 | 25:0 | 10°5 | 16°8 | 21°7 | 23°6 | 2486 | 26-4 | 10-2 25351) 25-0 8-1 | 186 | 22:4 | 24-2 § 2485 | 26-4 | 10:3 2614 | 25:0 | 10°8 | 19:0 | 22:2 | 24:0 § 2501 | 26-4] 11-2 2530) 25-1 8-9 | 18°5 | 22:4 | 24-2 | 2536 | 26-4 | 10-0 Z56u || oad 9-4 | 17-6 | 21:5 | 24-1 | 2588 | 26-4 | 10:3 2543 | 25-2 9°60 tebe 24 | 23-9) 2500 2625) les 2619 | 25:2 9-2 | 17-5 |-21-9 | 24:3 § 26107) 26-5 | 11-3 2488 | 20-4 8:9 | 17:1 | 21:4 | 23-9 | 2503 | 26-6 9-8 2565 | 25°4 | 10°3 | 17-8 | 22:0 | 24-2 | 2541 | 26-6] 11-1 2611 | 25:4 9:7 | 19-8, | 22-3 | 24-2 § 2612 |) 26-6 |) 12-2 PASTA |) GASSES) 8:8 |) 1825 | 22:4) 24-5 8 25328 27-2) 118 9594 | 25:6 | 10-4 | 18-1 | 21-7 | 24°5 | 2573 || 27-2 | 12:3 2624 | 25:6 6-8 | 16:0 | 21-7 | 24-4 | 2606 | 27-9 9-0 2s | 2597 8-5 | 18°6 | 22°8 | 25:0 Ne. Size. J 2 3 4 5 6 Cm 2638 23°6 (fe! 14:2 19-3 ?1°6 22-8 — 2395 24-0 Pe 15-2 20:2] . 2469 Paro —- 2459 24-6 10-2 17-0 218 | 281 24-1 — 2506 25-0 9-4 16-0 21-4 23°3 24-5 oo 2592 25:0 8-6 14:7 20°6 228 24-2 — 2448 PAST 7:6 15:0 19:6 22-2, 24-1 = 2413 2575 8-7 16-2 20-7 23:3 24:8 - 2478 25°5 8-8 18°7 22-0 24-1 2571 — 2447 25°6 9-1 14-0 20-4 23°2 24-9 — 2621 25-6 9.7 18:9 21-9 23°8 24-9 — 2546 26-0 7-9 15:9 PAIR: Zork Bore —- 2574 26 4 6:9 14:6 21-3 23°8 25°5 a 2449 26°5 7:6 17-1 22-4 24°5 25°8 — 2628 26:5 9-8 16°8 21°7 24-2 25°8 --- 2495 26°8 lait 18:6 23-0 24-7 26°3 — Nw eR bm Ww bow NNNNNNNNWNNWNWN WNW WNW WD or or mw Ww bw tow wy OV Ol Or Or bo bo bo bv or or hm Ol He C2 OD LW & bo bo bo bo bo 9 bo He by oo ty 9 & LD & & rt Fe bt ty POW ANAWIAKRHHHUNASSCHKROANDA bo bo maa a o ww WwW bd Ww IO © wo @ ND rPPOo DS te Om 93 SAMPLE 10 Continued.—WINTER RtiNGs, 5 to 9. it 2 3 4 5) 6 10-2 20:0 23°6 25°3 26°6 = 11:8 20-4 23-4 29°2 26°7 = 8:6 16°8 21:7 23°6 24°8 25:6 Pike Ws alr(ess 21-0 233 24:9 25°9 6-9 15°3 21°5 23°8 25:0 26 0 9-3 17:9 22°1 24:8 25 26°6 Be |p etary 21°5 24-0 25°7 26°7 SoG 17-4 22°6 2522, 26-4 27-4 13°5 21-2 23°8 25-4 26-7 27°4 8:7 14:5 21:0 25°22 28-0 28°5 75 14:5 19:8 23°0 24°8 25°7 Age uncertain, | a 94 SAMPLE 11.—WINTER RINGS, 2. Size. SAMPLE 11 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No. Size. al 2 3 No. Size. 1 2, 33 Cm. Cm. 2675 22°8 73 14°8 21-0 2643 pel ies 21-2 24-0 2651 23-0 8-2 15:0 20-7 2645 BRP 12°5 18-7 24-3 2776 Diol 8-3 15:8 20-8 2671 25:1 6:8 13-7 21°8 PALE 2372 Ge 13:8 20-0 PA 25-1! ea 14-2 21:6 2663 23-4 8-9 14:8 20°2 2742 25-1 9-9 16-9 22-7 2686 23-4 8-4 16:8 20°8 2689 25°2 8-2 15-0 22°38 2789 23°5 9-7 16:4 21-0 2693 25°2 9-0 17-2 23-8 2658 23°6 8:6 16°8 DoD 2795 Ziye> 11:6 19-0 23-0 2778 23°6 eZ 14-2 es 2834 Dee, Sah 18-0 23-0 2743 2o°7 (Al 13:3 20:9 2741 25-3 7-9 U7-5 23°7 2719 23°8 7:7 14:6 Dob 2790 25-o 13:0 20:0 25 2773 23:8 10:3 17:4 21:3 2646 25:4 8-7 16:5 23: 2642 23°9 5-2 13°3 21-2 2650 25:4 11-0 18-2 23-1 2841 23°9 8:5 16:9 21-6 2783 25°4 6°7 15:2 22-4 2690 24-0 11-4 19:3 22:4 2814 25:4 10-1 17°5 LBS 2784 24-0 7:8 16-4 21-6 2836 25-4 9-0 18-9 23°3 2713 24-2 6-0 13:8 22+] 2715 25°5 10°5 16°8 23:0 2829 24-2 8-0 16:0 22°1 2817 25:5 GRE 15:6 22°8 2688 24-3 9-3 18°3 22°7 2844 25°5 11:3 17:0 22-6 DAD, 24-3 8:0 14:9 D2, 2656 25'6 10°8 21-2 44-5 2728 24°3 Zeal 15:7 22, 2758 25°6 9-4. 16-4 22-7 2779 24°3 6:5 15:1 22:0 2674 PABST 10-1 19 0 25:2 2666 24-4 8-1 16-7 PT 2685 25:7 10-2 18-0 23-2, 2677 24-4 10-9 17:9 22°3 2707 25°8 11-4 19-2 24-0) 2687 24°5 6:9 14:7 22°5 2765 25°38 9-7 18-6 24-0 2710 24:5 7:9 15-1 22°6 2828 25°8 10°5 17°8 23°3 211 24-5 8-8 17-2 22-2 2767 25-9 11-4 19-6 23-9 2827 24°5 11-6 17°3 22°5 2648 26-0 8:3 ee 23°5 2660 24-6 Usher 20:7 23-4 2681 26:0 10-0 18-7 23°7 2662 24-6 8-2 17-6 22°5 2833 26-0 8:8 18-8 24-0 2744 24:6 &-G 19:1 22-7 2644 26-2 12°8 21°71 24-3 2794 24-6 6:3 1S 22:4 2653 26:2 13:9 22-2 25-2 2705 24-7 7-3 14:7 22-7 2668 26-2 8:4 18:4. 24-2 2672 24-9 9°5 17°3 22-8 2727 26-2 12-4 20:7 24-6 2684 24-9 6:5 13-4 22-7 2760 26:2 10-0 15-6 24-1 2815 24-9 8-3 17-2 22-7 2786 26:2 12-4 18-4 23-6 DANS 25:0 8-7 15-7 23-0 2792 26:2 11-0 19.5 23°5 2745 25:0 12:3 19-0 23°4 ¢ 2657 26-3 (OS 18-6 23-9 95 SAMPLE 11 Continued.—WINTER Rings, 3. 2, 3 No. | Size. | 1 2 Cm 2, 12:5 19-1 24-1 2738 26-7 11:0 20-4 2573 2 8-1 16-4 24-2, 2748 26:8 12-4 19-4 25-0 2 12-0 17:9 24-3 2704 | 27:9 26 eo 24-2 ye 13-1 19-4 24:5 2708 27-0 7:9 19-0 24-9 28 9-6 18-0 24-2 2749 20:0 12-3. |) 20-7. 25-0 2747 12-0 19-0 24-4 2768. |) 26:0 8:0 | 19°5 25:3 2770 9-0 18-0 24-8 2659 20-2 13°8 PAIS 25-4 2805 12°8 21-2 24-7 2838 20:2 Er lh OAD Sr! 2520 2682 9-0 18:8 24-5 2725 27-5 9-4 1 10-8 25-0 2753 11:8 19-5 24-1 2105 27-6 10-5 | 21-6 25-4 2724 1a 19-4 24.3 2133 27°8 12-6 ZiT: 26-1 2736 10-0 21:3 24-9 2825 27-8 12-4 21:6 26-1 SAMPLE 11 Continued.—WINTER RINGs, 4. 2, 3 4 No. | Size. 1 2, 3 Cin. albsyerehecl|, Malle fe AeA Pie Ea A oiere ad |e ll ab 19°Se IE 2225 P47 | 20:9 | 23-3 || 2746) |) 26°4 9:9 | 14-8 | 21-9 “¢ Soi, 18:2 | 22-1 | 2655 | 26-5 | 11-5 | 17-6 | 22-2 22 17225 2027 +). 23:6.) 2780") 26-57) 11-0) |) 19-07) 235 5) SO pies bert | |e 2822 26-5 Sra. ieebSei e226 ‘9 LS 2le 2 238.7 EZe2On 26:5 9-4 (5L6:6) 120-0 “4 Sule ee 23: Os meaale | 20:6 G2) USD ae 929 6 17-2 | 21-2 | 24-2 | 2837 | 266] 9-8 | 17-0 | 21:8 5:2 : 18-5 | 22-1 | 24-4 | 2647 | 26-7 8:60) 28-0) | 238-08) 25:6 Zi: 14:2 | 22:0 | 24-3 | 2706 | 26-7 TODA Gere |) BRA | ayes) be 17-9 | 21:5 | 24-1 | 2804 | 26-8 | 10-1 | 18:9 | 23-9 | 25-9 Dis 16:3 | 21-9 | 24:8 | 2679 | 26-9 7fotsy || Apia)» Yavpi le Passe 25° 16:3. | 22:2, | 24-94 2703 | 26:9 8°87) 9162252165) 2525 16:2 | 20:6 | 24-0 | 2761 | 27-0 rh LO) 2223) We 2be 4 17-2 2N-6\ | 24-3 1 2763 | 27-0 9:5 | LOA) 23:2) 25-3 16-1 PASM 2A SEAL | ez LOO: s We 2353) 26:2 VG a 21 Ae DA Gah 2S0de | aie2e le LIcG LO Ouse 225 VEZ | QQ | 24-820 2835 27-4 9:91 16-85) 22:65)| 26:2 17-9 | 20:5 | 24-1 | 2649 | 27-5 9°83 | 22°5) 2591 26-5 G99 22-7. | 25-4 2690 | 927-5 9:9 | Lie? | 23:0 “3 16:6: | 20:9) 2a-7 1, 2806 | 2727 | 11:3 1) (20:2 | 23°5 = 17-2 | 21:5 | 24:6 | 2700 | 27-8 | 10-9 | 19-0 | 23-8 18-2 | 23:0 | 25-0 | 2797 | 28-2 9-4 | 18:0 | 22°8 16:0) [21-2 |) 24-6 9) 2752 | 29:2 || 13-1) 21:6 | 24:7 “96 SAMPLE 11 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 5. ’ | No. | Size. 1 2 3 4 5 Size. 1 2.51. Soa awe ER As |_CR e S ve |. Je Cm. Cm. 2754 | 25:6 | 9-5 | 15:2 | 20-1 | 23-2 | 24:8 | 2787 | 27-4! 11-1] 20-5 | 24:2 | 25-6 | 268 2769 | 25:8 | 7-9 | 15:0 | 20-6 | 23-8 | 25-1 | 2831 | 27-4] 10-1 6 | 23-7 | 25:8 | 26-9 2759 | 26-3] 10-8 | 16-4] 21-9] 24:0] 25-6 | 2698 | 27-55 | 86 | 19:5 | 22-6 | 25-0 | 26-7 2757 | 26-4 | 10-0 | 16-5 | 22-7 | 25-0} 26-0] 2751 | 276] 8&8 | 177] 23:3 | 25-4] 26-7 2823 | 26-5 | 8-8] 16-3 | 21-2] 24:1 | 26-0] 2762 | 27-6] 88 | 15-9] 22-2 | 24-8 | 26-3 2670 | 26-6] 88 | 17-8 | 22:5 | 24:6 | 25-8 | 2723 | 27-9 | 10-4 | 18-6 | 23-9 | 25:5 | 26-9 2722 | 266| 8-9] 15:3 | 21:9 | 24:3 | 25-9 | 2729 | 27-9] 12-1 | 20:5] 24-3 | 268] 275 2696 | 26-8 | 6-9 | 13-7 | 203 | 24:0] 25-6 ].2702 | 282] 142] 208] 24-9 | 26-6] 27-6 2701 | 27-0 | 10-0] 18-8 | 23-1 | 25-0 | 26-3 | 2830 | 28-2] 7-8] 16:3 | 22-1 | 25-1 | 27-2 2803 | 27:0 | 5:8 | 18-4 | 21-2 | 23-5] 25:5 | 2732 | 28:3 | 7-8] 16:5 | 23-4 | 25-8 | 27-2 2319 | 27-0 | 7-2 | 13-2] 19-9 | 23-5 | 25-7 | 2673 | 284] 5-7 | 15-7 | 22:3 | 25:7 | 27-5 2669 | 27-1] 66] 12:3 | 21-2 | 23-8 | 26-2 | 2694 | 28-7] 88] 16-4 | 22-3 | 25-4 | 27-8 2750 | 27-3 | 10-7 | 18-9 | 23-6 | 25-2 | 26-5] 2699 | 29-1 | 10-7 | 20-6 | 24-7 | 26-7 | 28-2 2764 | 27-4 | 8&7] 17-1 | 23-7 | 25-3 | 26-6 | 2667 | 29-3] 10-0] 16-8 | 22-2 | 25:5 | 28-0 SAMPLE 11 Continued —WINTER RINGS, 6 to 9. | No. Size. 1 2 3 4 5 | 6 Cm. 2813 26-0 8-0 16-4 20-5 22-8 24-6 25-5 2793 26-1 8-0 14-4 21:3 23-2 24-5 25-6 2842 28-2 8-0 16-7 22-8 25-2 26-5 27-5 2816 29-1 10-7 19°5 24-0 26-1 27-5 28-5 2812 29-6 10-5 19-6 24-1 26-0 27-4 | 22-8 2716 28-3 8-4 15-4 21:2 24-5 26-0 27-1 2785 28-3 | 10-0 19-0 23-0 25:5 26-6 27-4 2824 28-7 7-9 15-8 23-2 25:3 26-6 27-5 2661 29-2 11-0 18-4 23-3 25-9 27-2 28-1 2801 29-8 8-0 17-0 21-9 24-6 26-9 28-2 2811 30-2 10-3 19-8 25°5 27-3 28-7 29-4 2810 28-1 8-1 14-6 21-2 23-8 25:3 26-4 2802 28-4 6:8 15-6 21:0 23-6 25:6 26-5 2808 27-9 04° a 97 15:0 21-0 23-6 25-1 26-2 2665 ? Fish damaged. 97 * SAMPLE 12.—WINTER RINGs, 2A No. Size a 2. Size 1 2 Cm. Cm 2920 20-8 8-1 16:8 23-2 12-4 20-2 2992 20-9 8-6 16-6 23:5 13-0 20-6 2931 21-0 7-6 17-0 23-9 10-3 20-1 2980 21:5 9-8 18-8 24-6 13-0 218 2923 22:5 10:3 18-8 25-0 12-2 22-0 2969 22-7 10:3 17-4 ’ SAMPLE 12 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 3. No. | Size. aL Size. 1 2 3 ii Cm. 2892 23-3 \ 7-9 24-5 9-0 158 22-7 2917, | "23-3 &3 24-5 7-6 15:7 21-9 2 23-5 9-7 24-5 10-5 18-1 22-7 29: 23-5 8-9 24:7 7-6 14-7 22-0 2974 23-5. 7:8 24-7 9-5 16-7 22-2 3002 23:5 10-4 24-9 11:8 19-6 23-4 2850 23-6 11-4 25-1 12-0 20°5 235 2853 23-6 8-5 25:2 10-9 21-2 23-7 2873 23-6 9-0 25-2 9-3 18-3 22-7 2881 23:7 10-3 25:3 77 15:8 22-3 2886 23-7 10-6 25:3 11-1 20:7 23- 2904 23:7 8-4 25-4 12-1 19-5 23-9 2947 23-7 8-4 25-4 12-0 17°38 23-0 2870 238 9-6 25:7 11-4 20:3 23-9 3004 23:8 9-0 25-8 12-0 19-0 24-4 2985 24-0 8-5 25-9 5 18-8 23-7 2891 24-1 10:5 25-9 9-3 16-7 23:2 3013 24-1 6-4 26-0 12-4 21-0 24-0 2854 24-2 11-0 26-0 3 19-1 24-3 2910 24-2 7-8 26-1 9-0 18-4 23-8 2866 24-3 9-5 26-6 9-1 21-2 24-8 2968 24.3 8-0 26:8 11:6 20-6 25-1 co © OV kt or G 98 SAMPLE 12 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. No. | Size. al No. | Size. 3 4 Cm. Cm. 2861 | 23-9 | 10-1 25:5 | 22:5 | 24-7 2863 | 24-2 | 9:2 25:8 | 23-2 | 24-7 9885 | 24:3 | 86 . 25-8 | 22-0 | 24-5 2995 | 24:3) 8-4 25:8 21:8 | 24-1 2924 | 24-6 | 8&0 26-0 | 22-3 | 25-1 2933 | 24-7 | 12:0 26-1 | 22-7 | 24-9 2959 | 24:8 | 10-4 26-2 22-8 | 25-0 3005 | 24:8 | 10-6 . 26-2 | 22-3 | 25-0 2986 | 24:9 | 10-8 21:8 26-2 | 21-7 | 25:2 3033 | 24-9 | 9-7 21:8 26-4 | 23-7 | 20°7 2916 | 25:0 | 10-6 22-0 26°5 22-1 | 25-2 3001 | 25:0 | 83 21-1 26-5 22-8 | 25-4 2849 | 25-2] 9-2 22-4 26-6 20-9 | 24:3 2851 | 25-4 | 86 22-2 | § 26-6 2 23-1 | 25-4 2882 | 25-4 | 4 3 | 22-4 | 24. 26-9 . 24-0 | 26-0 2937 | 25-4 | 10-2 6 | 22-0 | 24: 27-2 | & 24-3 | 26-4 3034 | 25-4 | 13-1 | 21-3 | 23-3 27-2 _ 92 22-6 | 25:8 se De re See oe ee A ek SAMPLE 12 Continued.—WINTER R'N&S, 5. Size. 1 | 2 Size. 2 3 4 Cm. Cm. | 24-01 69 | 15:8 22-5 | 23-5 26-2 | 20:5 | 23-5 24-0 | 9-9 | 16-9 22-4 | 23-5 26:3 | 9 29-8 | 246 24-2 | 12:6 | 17-8 22-9 | 23-7 26-4 | 9+ 99-7 | 24-7 24-6 | 91 | 17-6 22-9 | 24-1 26-4 . 21-1 | 24-2 25:0 | 9:0 | 15-6 23-0 | 24-3 26-4 | & 99-6 | 24-5 | be0i| ba | 15-6 6 | 240 26-5 | 8 21-1 | 23-8 | 25:21 7:5 | 145 lf ae -© 26-6 “4 22-7 | 24-5 25-3 | 82] 14:8 ‘9 “4 | 26-6 | 11-2 22-9 | 24-8 25:4) 7-8) 14:8 5 7 26-7 6 22-9 | 25-0 25-5 | 95 | 178 ‘7 5 26:7 | 2-7 | 21-7 | 24-2 25-5 | 9-7} 16-9 3-4 7 26:7 | 9-4 | 22-6 | 24-6 25:5 | 8&2] 14:6 2-7 5 26-7 ‘8 23:0 | 24-8 25-6 | 63 | 16:3 3 | 25-2 26°8 ‘7 20-6 |. 24-0 25-6 71) 14-8 ‘9 26-9 : 23-0 | 25-0 25:7! 8$0| 14-7 25-2 27-0 24-5 | 25-6 25:83} 83) 15-1 24:7 27-0 23-2 | 25-0 25:8 | 11-5 | 18-9 25:3 27-1 23:1 | 255 25-8 | 10-1 | 18-2 25-1 27 2 23-3 | 25-7 25:8 | 77 | 165 25-4 27-3 21-9 | 25-0 25-8 | 10-2 | 15-7 25-1 27-4 21:7 | 25-1 25:9 | 9:5 | 163 25:3 27-4 23-2 | 25-5 25:9 | 9-8 | 18-2 25-3 27-5 25-0 | 26-2 95-9 | 10:3 | 17°5 25:3 27-6 23-6 | 25-9 25:9 | 9-7 | 15-0 25:3 27:6 21:9 | 24-9 25:9 | 86 | 14:2 24-9 27°7 23:2 | 25-9 26:0 | 10-1 | 18-9 25:5 | 27-7 23-1 | 25-6 26:0 | 7:2 | 15-9 25-2 | 27-8 20-3 | 24-1 26-0-| 9-0 | 16-3 25-4 27-9 23-4 | 25:5 26-1 -3 | 15-0 25°5 27-9 24-3 | 26-0 26-1] 85 | 15:7 25:3 28-0 21-9 | 25-0 26% | S1 | 156 25:3 22-0 24-2 | 26-1 26-2 | 8&9 | 16:3 25:6 28-2 23-6 | 25-9 262 | 80] 149 25-2 | 3024 | 28:8 25:3 | 27-2 bo po Re ere eas oyradtoaocn bo bw bo Ov ov Or bo to Or or 99 SAMPLE 12 Continued.—WINTER RINGs, 6. No Size. il 2, 3 4 D5 6 Cm 3028 25:3 6-2 12-8 19-0 21:8 23-4 24-7 2972 256 7-6 16-1 20-9 22-8 24-0 25-1 2957 25:7 7-4 16-7 20:8 23°3 24-4 25-4 2936 25:9 7:3 15-6 21°5 23:5 24-5 25:5 3003 25-9 7:8 14-7 19-3 22-6 23-7 25-1 2956 | 26-1 7:5 16-2 21-5 23-4 24-6 25:5 2963 | 26-2 9:7 18-1 21-9 23:5 24:8 25°7 2934 | 26:3 10-7 16-0 22:1 24-0 25-0 259 3007 | 26:3 8:8 15-0 21-2 23-7 24-6 25:7 297¢ 26-4 9-9 16-9 22-5 24-1 25-2 26-0 3016 26-9 7-0 14-5 20+5 23-8 25-5 26-4 2928 27-1 8-1 16-1 23-3 24-6 25:6 26:5 3025 27-1 12-5 21-2 23-8 25-1 26-0 26:8 2962 27-2 9-8 17-0 20°5 24-2 25:5 26:7 3038 27 2 7-0 15:8 21:3 24-0 254 26-6 3019 27°3 8-0 16-4 21-0 23:7 25-6 26-6 2961 27-4 79 17-4 22-4 24:5 25:7 26-7 2982 27°5 6-3 14-4 21-0 24-5 25:9 26-9 2955 27-6 9-5 17-0 233 25-7 ' 26°5 27-2 3047 27-6 10-8 17-0 21-0 23:7 25-2 26:8 2855 27°7 6-7 13:8 20-4 94-1 25:8 27-0) 3035 27-7 8-7 16-1 21-7 24:3 25+9 27-2 3045 27-7 8:7 17:3 22-() 24-8 26-2 27-0 2852 27:9 10-3 18-7 23-6 259 26-7 27°5 2978 27-9 9-3 18-5 rs i 25-4 26-4 27-4 2887 28:2 8-4 18-7 22-9 25:8 26:8 27-8 3006 28-2 -() 17-1 22-4 25-0 26-7 27-6 3036 28-7 8:3 15-7 21-7 25°5 27-3 22-3 SS PE ET LT BI TT SAMPLE 12 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 7 to 10. | | 1 ele AL Ie 5 A Rexel ate $$ | _}— —— —- -_ |__| 857 | 15-5 | 20-1 | 22-9] 24-4 | 95-5 | 264] — | — | — 7-3| 16-5 | 21-4] 23-8] 25-2 | 260] 298/ — | — | — 9-7 | 14-8] 20-0] 23-1] 248 | 260] 272) — | — | — 79 | 15-1 | 243°) 24-2 | 95-4 | 26-4 | e717] — | — | — 8-8 | 17-4] 21-9 | 24-4] 25-7 | 20-5 | a72] — | — | — 10-4 | 17-7 | 22:9 |} 24-7 | 26-0 | 268 | 275] — | — | — 9-1] 17:5'| 21-9) 244] 25-8] 269] 279] — | — | — 8-2| 14-6 | 20-3 | 28:3] 25-4 | 27-0] e7-9} — | — | — 10:1 | 19-4 | 23-8] 26:7} 27-8 | 288| 2996] — | — | — 10-5 | 17-0 | 21-2} 23:3] 24-8] 25:6 | 263] 270) — | — 8-4 | 16-9 | 22-4| 246] 26-0] 268] 27-4] 280} — | — 9-7 | 15-4 | 20-0 | 23-2] 25-0 | 26-2 | 27-0] 27-8] 2985 > — 8-9 | 17-1] 21-9] 23-8 | 25-1 | 25-9) 26-2] 26-8] 27-2 | 27-5 11-9 | 20-6 | 23-9 | 26-1) 26-9 | 27-6 | 281] 28-5 | 28-9) 29-3 NNNMNMNWW DN ro G2 69 0 oD oo O90 1D IS Om oor em We © bo bo ae —) 100 SAMPLE 13.—WINTER RINGS, 1 and 2. nf No. | Size. | aT | 2 Cm. 11-4 os 3166 225 10-0 18:8 12-9 — 3177 Pape 12-0 19-7 13-9 — 3210 22°8 13-0 20:0 1 Papi — 3085 23°6 ilo railed. 6-9 14-2 3088 23°8 13-1 20:7 8-3 IFO? 3141 24-0 12-3 19-1 icy FEAL 3235 pe a | WAT) 21) 6°5 15-9 Bawa 24-3 8-2 19-5 8-2 Lei 3082 24-8 Abi: PATE 8-6 17-2 3099 25-0 14-3 23-2 10:1 16-9 3100 25-0 13-9 22°8 7-9 ily 3081 ADS, 13-0 hn 2S 10-7 19-2 3055 26-6 12-9 22-9 7-2 17-0 | 2 | 3 | No. Size. 1 | 2 | 3 Cm. 14:0 18-6 3102 | 24-9 T1°6 18:9 22°9 iyo 20-6 3180 24°83 11-0 18-7 22 12°8 18-2 3185 25:0 8-4 16:9 2ACG 17:0 20-5 3083 25-1 9-2 19-2 FEBS hic 20°8 3170 25-1 10-1 19-4 23-4 16-8 ZAIER BWA Ws 25-1. 7:5 16-5 22-9 16°3 21-0 3078 AS ae 10-8 19°3 23°6 17:0 PAs 1 3206 25°2 10-0 18-2 22°83 16°3 20:3 3232 252, 6:7 15°4 Ley 14:9 20-7 3126 Zao 11°8 19-5 24-0 15-8 20:3 3214 25°3 8&8 Les Zao 18-3 21-6 3071 25-4 9-6 17°3 2 18:1 2Z1-¢ 3116 25:4 ELS 20:3 23°38 15:7 21-4 3130 25-4 9-3 18-5 Zoek 17°3 22-4 3176 ATT 10-0 20-Z 23-6 16-7 21°8 3054 25-8 8:5 17-0 23-4 17:0 22:0 3107 25°8 £5-2 21°6 24-7 16:9 21-7 3073 25:9 9-4 18-9 Zo 15-8 21-5 3108 | 26-0 9-8 18°5 | 24-0 19-0 22-5 3156 | 26-0 13°3 21-0 24°8 13-6 21-6 a143 | 26:3 14:0 20-7 Barf 17-0 pS 3066 26°4 8-7 18-2 24-2 18-7 2ST 3224 26-5 12-9 20°8 24-7 uly 22-1 3091 26-6 Tiles 21-2 24-8 19-8 22-9 3075 26-8 12°5 20-2 25-7 ices 23-0 3077 26-9 12#2, 20-0 24-7 17°8 Zoo 3158 26-9 11-4 19-1 24-3 17°9 2Zo°1 101 SAMPLE 13 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 4. { No Size if 2, 8 4 Size. 1 | 2 3 4 ee aoe a Cm Cm. 3204 | 223°8 8:0 | 14:9} 19:0 | 22:3 26-1 | 18°5 |] 21:0 | 23-4 | 25:3 3120 | 24:3 8-1 | 14 20°6 | 23-2 26-1 | 10:0 | 19°5 | 22:9 | 25-3 3216 | 24-6 9-4} 16:0 | 21:3 | 23:8 26-2 9-3| 16-8 | 21-8 | 25-4 3245 | 24-7 8-3 | 15:5 | 21°8 | 23-8 26°3 9-4 | 18-4 | 22-0 | 25-1 3196 | 24°8 8°3 | 15:% | 21:4 | 23°9 26-4 9:5 || 19:2 || 22-9 | 25-3 3146 } 25-2 8-1} 14:9} 20:8 | 24:0 26-4 73 | 14:7 | 22-2 | 24:8 S19O38s| 25 2 9:70 | 16°3 | 21:9 | 24-1 26:6 | 11:0 | 19-7 | 23:3 | 25-6 3230 | 25:3.| 10°3 | 18-4] 22-2 | 24-6 26-6 7-5 | 16:3 | 22:7 | 25-5 3052 | 25-6 7-5 | 16:9 | 21-8 | 24:3 26-9 | 10-0 | 15-2 | 22-6 | 25-5 3153. | 25-7 9-5 | 15°6 | 20:2 | 23:8 27°3 9-2 | 182] 23-9 | 26-4 3094 | 25-8 | 12:2 | 22:0 | 23-7 | 25-2 27-4 | 10-1 | 18-8 | 23:5 | 26-4 3105 | 25°38 | 9-1} 15:8} 20-8 | 24-5 27-4 | 12-9 | 20-7 | 245 | 26-5 3067 | 25:9 | 10-0 20-0 22-9 | 25-3 27-7 | 11-5 | 19:0 | 28:4 | 264 3202 | 26:0 8:6 | 17-6 OIL |) ete 28°2, |) 12-4 | 22-0)) 24-5 | 27-0 3092 | 26-1 | 10-8 |. 19-1 22h [e251 28-2 edeOF WP 212 25 He SAMPLE 13 Continued —WINTER RINGS, 3. No Size J 2, 3 4 Dd Size 1 2 z 4 5 Cm. Cm. 3246 | 25-2 9-8} 16-8 | 21:4 | 23:3 | 24:7 27-0 8-8 | 17-2 | 22:5 | 24:9 | 26°5 3159 | 25:3 Gale | oS o20:Onl 227, 1 24-5 97-0. | 31:2 | 19:4 | 23-7 | 25:7 526:6 3174 | 25-7 88 | 16°7 | 21-9 SS) lea! 27-0 | 10-6 | 17:5 | 22:2 | 24-5) “25:9 3183 | 25:8 9-2 Wires | 2-0) 25-6. 25-1 PAI | 6-6 | 14:4] 21-6 | 24-7 | 26-3 3182 | 25:9 Ce Gs? 29288 |) 23530) 25:0 27-2 | 11:6] 21-4 | 24:2 | 25-4 7926-4 3133 | 26:0 | 11:5 22S 23-6) |) abet Dile2 8-3 | 15-7 | 23-0 | 25:1 | 26°5 3062 | 26-2 71 14-4 | 21-0 | 23:3 1 24:9 27-3 |. 10-3 | 20:0} 22:9 | 25-4 | 26°7 3103 | 26-2 6-9 | 13-8 | 20:5 | 22-9 | 25-1 27-3 | 10-2] 18:0 | 22:8 | 25:0 | 26°6 3132 26-2 GO Bl6-4 | 22 4 | 25:2 | 25:9 2-4 OF} 17-1 | 22-64 25-75) 26-5 3144 | 246-2 R°7 | 17-0 | 21-9 | 24-3 | 25-5 27°4. 9-2 We 18-7 | 22-6 | 25:0 | 26:5 3154 | 26:2 9-9 | 16-1 22 23°83) | 25eo PATIOS 7-6) 14-7 | 22-6 | 25:4 | 26°38 3236 | 26-3 8-2 Be hep 24 heen 27-5 | 11:8] 19:0 | 23:1 | 24-9 | 26:3 eeOl | 26:47" TO: | 27:5 | 23-4 | 24-9 | 25-8 27-6 9 Sai iy. 2) 23-8 e260 ea 3147 | 26°5 OG | ,1s-8 |b 22-3 | Baeos| 25:7 27-6 9-9} 18°5 | 23-8 | 25-9 | 27-0 3211 | 26:5 &-9°| 16:0 | 22:0 |» 24:3 | 25-7 27-7 | 10-5 | 19:3 | 23-0 | 25-2 | 26:9 S140 | 26-6ale 10°3 | 18-7 | 22-7.) 24-8 |, 26:0 27°7 8-6 | 19-1. | 22-3 | 25-3 | 26:7 $241 | 26°6 6-7 | 14:0 | 20:0 | 23:3] 25-8 28-0 9-6 | 17-8 | 23-2 | 25:6 | 27-4 3096 | 26-7 §:-4| 18:2 | 22-0: | 24-2 fF 25°8 28-0 | 12:2] 19-8 | 24-4 | 26-4 | 27-5 3124 | 26-7 7-7 | 14:3 | 22-0 | 24:8 | 26-0 28-1 | 11-1 | 18:0 | 23-5 | 26-6 | 27-7 3139 | 26-7 9-5 | 18-9 | 22:8 }e22-6| 26-0 28-2 SG |) 12.) 244: |) 2692) | 2s 3145 | 26:7 40) 16:6, 218°) 25-7 i 26:2 28-5 | 12-70 | 19-2 | 24:6 | 26:5 | 27°8 3209) | 26-7) 12:5 | 20°5 | 23°6 | 425-34) 26-2 28-7 7-6 | 1855 | 23-4 | 26:2) |) 2%eb 3228 | 26-7 SO | £6-6) 1) 2169s) Zao 25-S 29-0 9-8 | 17-8] 23-8 | 26:6 | 28:3 3242 | 26:9 | 13-7 | 19-4 | 23-8 | 25:3] 26-3 29-3 | 13:0 | 20°4-] 25:3 | 27-3 | 28°8 2068 | 27-0 Wit VP SeZ We Lhe 24-4 26-2 102 SAMPLE 13 Continued.—WINTER RINGs, 6 and 7. | No | Sizelun| eee | 2 | 3 4 5 6 | ne a Weer oh | Cm | 3127 25-6 | 78 14:9 20-1 29-9 24-2 25-2 Zs 3184 26-0 | 7:9 16-9 21-2 23-3 24-8 255 = 3218 | 26-4 | 5:8 13:3 21-6 24-0) 25-0 25:8 aks 3167 268 | 86 17-4 21-7 24-4 25-6 26-4 == 3089 272 | 8-0 16:8 21-3 23-6 25:1 26-4 = 3087 27-3 R-4 17°5 23-4 95-1 26-2 26-9 = 3123 273 | 83 151 21-9 24-8 26-0 26-8 att 3049 27-7 | 7-2 15:8 21-9 2A+5 25-8 26-9 ve 3248 27-8 8-9 17°3 23-7 25-1 26-0 27-0 pe 3222 27-9 12-1 20-3 23-9 25:6 26-7 27-5 = 3090 28-1 9-2 19-2 24-3 | 25-7 26-8 27-5 = 3200 | 28:3 10:2 18-0 23-0 | 25-2 26-4 27-5 pe 3074 | 28:5 12-3 | 218 24-7 | 26-2 27-2 27-9 ike 3072 28-8 100 | 19-9 25:0 | 26-7 27-6 28-4 =) 3051 27-4 9-8 17-2 21-9 24-7 25-7 26-4 27-0 3117 27-6 7:3 | 16-0 21:4 23-9 25-3 26-4 27-2 3165 27-6 S86 | 17-2 29.3 24-7 26-1 268 27-3 3194 28-1 11-3 20:3 22-8 24-5 26-0 27-0 27-6 3110 98:3 | $7 15-9 21-6 | 24-8 26-3 27-1 27-8 3122 28-5 9-5 17-9 22-4 25-2 265 27-5 28-2 3097 29-1 &8 17-2 22-1 | 24-9 26-3 27-6 28-6 | pe SAMPLE 13 Continued.—WINTER RINGS, 8 to 13. No Size. 1 2 2 4 | 5 6 | 7 8 9 10 11 * 4° Cm. 3137 | 26-7 9-0 | 16-6} 20-2 | 22:6 | 24:0) 25:0 | 25-9 | 26-4 —- = — SLOL |. 278 (al 14-6 | 20°8 | 23°8 | 25-4 | 26-2 | 26:9 hers —- = —_— 3086 | 27-9 (Al 15:6 | 2-9 | 24-1 25S 262511) 20-0) eedeo —_— — =: 3095 28-3 | 10:0 | 16:54 21-2 | 24-0 | 25-8 | 26:7 | 27-3 | 28:0 a= — — 3128 | 28:5 9:5 G24 Ae 23°83 25 Sul 2O26 |) Zire | Zee! — oo —- 31388 | 28:5 98° |/ 18-6. | 22-3 | 24:5 | 26:0) |e 278! Dl onl 2972 as — — pete) 290.) 115 | 19:0) 23-7 | 25-2 26°24 Np aac’ Dore zoe tl — -— _— 3221 28°7 | 8-9 18-4 |: 2273 | 24-0 25-6 | 26°5 | 27:3 | 27-9 | 28-4 — —- ee ON 2922) 12-2 20-2) | 25-5) 25:3 26-4 | 27-3 | 28:0 | 28:5 | 29-0 — — 3142 | 29-4) 11-1 19-25] 2288) 24-8 26:0) |) Zvi. 28:1 | 28-7 | 29-1 —~ — 3057 | 29-6 } 106-9 19°2 | 23h 24°90 26-5 e2veo | 28°2 | 287" | 29:3 _— —_— 3150 | 28-0 Ti eve) 320-08) 226m 4d 225-2 anaes | 27-0) | 2t6 — 3060 | 28:3 090) ee O 4) (203) |) 22-Oe 24-1) 2b=t 26:0 | 26-7 | 27-4 27-9 — Soles) 30°5 dates] 18°G | 22°8 | Zab 26:0 | 26-9 | 27-9 | 28:6 | 29-4 | 30:0 | 30:3 3198 | 29-4 841 | 15-7 | 21-6 | 24:0" 25-4 | 26:5 | 27-2 |. 27-9 } 28:3" || 128-6 | 289 3065 | 28-8 9-0} 16-1 20°8 23-0 | 24:3ef%25:3 | 26:1. | 26:65) 2e2. |) Qe 26m 3106 | 29-6 | 10-7 | 20°3 | 24-5 26-1 26°38 | 27-4 | 27-8 | 28:2 | 28-4 | 28°7 | 28-9 3118 | 29-9 10:8 | 27-2 | 21:8 24-0 | 25-07] 25:7 | 26-4.) 2iged 2886. | 23°1 | 28-7. 103 NOTES ON THE AGE AND GROWTH OF FISH. By B. STORROW. BALLAN WRASSE, Labrus bergylta. In the report for the year ending June 30th, 1916, an account was given of a young ballan wrasse which came from a rock pool at Cullercoats, and was kept in the Laboratory tanks. The fish was from two to three centimetres in length when captured in August, 1915. 7 : eat n : = Oy pet = oe ae EEE Puecl® Bae aoe — = 7 e z = ars a _ or, oe = : > 7 pire r - : i ep a ae ¢ 0 Sg ning ees : a =* S Sie yt & ~ 7 ; = i = Ps s oo 7 é = Tene . * ee SCALE OF BALLAN WRASSE. Rock pool, Cullercoats, 8th June, 1918, 12 cm. DOVE MARINE LABORATORY, CULLERCOATS, NORTHUMBERLAND, FT HE LABORATORY is titted for research in Marine Zoology and Botany. Application for tables should be made to the Director. ; The University of Durham is prepared to admit post graduates of Universities approved by Senate to the degree of PhD. after a period of two years devoted to research, and the acceptance of a thesis embodying the results of the research. The Laboratory offers special advantages to advanced students wishing to avail themselves of this privilege. Material for use in Zoological Laboratories may be obtained, especially fish, crustaceans, &c., as Gadoids, Pleuro- nectidae, Skate, Norway Lobster (Nephrops), Myxine from local fishing boats; stages of development of fishes from the , tanks; and Arenicola, Coelenterates, Nemerteans, Starfishes, &c., from the shore. Should special methods of preservation be preferred, timely notice should be given. The Migrations of Fish, By ALEXANDER MEEK, Professor of Zoology, Armstrong College, in the University of Durham, and Director of the Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats. With 12 plates and 128 other illustrations, maps and diagrams. xviii. + 427 pages. Demy Svo. 16s. net. London: EDWARD ARNOLD, 41 and 43, Maddox Street, W.1. - eS hd phy ot ER MBL WHO! 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