Ad oY Ww pal ™ " aaa a chens My Ep hi sp J rea f Lies veaee ite aad ina i * e % 4 4 4 ae Os Fihe8 ous . Babe Gh! og ' nies bans ( *} } i i f Pat adhe eaten its * } 4 cA et 94 asta 4 " a det sey AE bss Spt ted i i nit | a tf | bald ide Y a i aaegh so on Sas aye Nes taeaeah f 1d 14 tt 2 142 4 oe 5 he Jat a4 hie festa iis : Ht 7 a ty if eh iat ee ieee ah ms wntfind aru sient A esl ° Cee Bia « <= t ou nt} = Mintel pipet ; id } Bae jeore teat ieee f Db REs nasa hae Crees 44 Pet i 4 ude fa ee) seg a ‘s My + Shedd (hl fre “a 1a : hy nat ey Mi 4 ARs io begged 933 ae 1] at } len de teaen We 3 Brey Ayath Pee cn go, pCa tuR RNa Pialasttabaate saree an: apie na Mee eRe Obie ere A ony Spit Asks pata A esp beayas setts 4 ; : fedausaeas a: casnalags arp Disswit of Bins Sta 4 i a A SOF pee ny or tener tire en coeip Peete gee Oot ms Se Aves New Series IX. DOVE MARINE LABORATORY, Cullercoats, Northumberland. REPORT For the year ending June 30th, 1920. Epitep sy ALEXANDER MEEK, PROFESSOR OF Zootocy, ARMSTRONG COLLEGE, IN THE UNIVERSITY oF DvuRHAM, AND DIRECTOR OF THE DovE Marine LABORATORY. Published by the Marine Laboratory Committee of Armstrong College on behalf of the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Committee and other contributing authorities. NEW SERIES IX. DOVE MARINE LABORATORY, CULLERCOATS, NORTHUMBERLAND. RErOnR tT For the year ending June 30th, 1920. Epitep By ALEXANDER MEEK, PROFESSOR OF ZooLocy, ARMS RONG COLLEGE, IN THE UNIVERSITY OF DUrHAM, AND DrrectTor oF THE Dove MARINE LABORATORY. Published by the Marine Laboratory Committee of Armstrong College on behalf of the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Committee and other contributing authorities. Price = Five Shillings. Wewcastlezon=Tyne: CAIL & SONS, PRINTERS, 29 AND 31, QUAYSIDE. 1920, Marine Laboratory Committee. Principal Sir THEODORE MORISON. J. S. REA. Councillor Sir H. GREGG. Councillor G. C. ROBINSON. Alderman R. MASON, M.P. W. S. VAUGHAN. Professor A. MEEK. CHARLES WILLIAMS. THE REGISTRAR OF THE COLLEGE. Staff. Director - = : E = Professor A. MEEK, Naturalist = 2 = - BENJAMIN STORROW. Inbrarian - = = MRS. COWAN., CON si NaS. PAGE, SUMMARY AND GENERAL REPORT _.... sor Bde oe Sat 5 HERRING INVESTIGATION-— HERRING SHOALS... S0¢ S65 S00 Be ere aa 8 By B. Srorrow. SEED oss ae oes =e ade ee tne ee ee 83 By Dororuy Cowan. NOTE ON LARVAE OF OPHRYOTROCHA PUERILIS 500 ere 95 By A. D. Peacock, M.Sc. ford FAUNISTIC NOTES 30 soc ape Sor wits aed Bac 9 Dove Marine Laboratory Cullercoats. SUMMARY AND GENERAL REPORT. The present report, like that of last year, deals mainly with the investigations relating to the herrings. Our previous investigations referred for the most part to the Northumberland shoals and the trawled herrings of the Dogger Bank region. Last year we found that the Northum- berland herring was related to the Firth of Forth spring spawn- ing shoals. On approaching the work, which is the subject of the present report, we thought it desirable therefore to obtain samples from a much wider area, and we are now dealing with the results of the examination of material from Stornoway, Lerwick and other ports along the Kast Coast to Yarmouth. Altogether, the number of herring investigated with respect to size, age, degree of development and growth amounted to 6,848. Over the greater part of this wide area we found that the summer shoals were young fish, the greater number of them with three winter rings, and thus similar to the summer herrings of Northumberland. The shoals to the east of the Shetlands differed in that they did not contain so many young fish. In autumn the grounds frequented by the young fish were invaded by spawning shoals of older fish, and it was interesting to note that these spawning assemblages included such of the summer fish as had become mature. The winter shoals consisted of older fish with six and seven rings as a rule, but presented a scarcity of herrings with five winter rings. With regard to maturity a wide variation was exhibited. Virgin fish at stage I. were found with six winter rings in summer shoals, and spawning fish with two winter rings in both autumn and spring shoals. Early maturity accompanies rapid growth in length. From a consideration of the growth made up to the formation of the first winter ring it has been concluded that the summer shoals of comparatively young herring are the products of both spring and autumn spawners, and the same data has lead to the opinion being expressed by 6 Mr. Storrow that these join spawning shoals as they mature independently of their origin. The spring spawners grow more rapidly after maturity. This is probably due to the gonads being developed after the annual growth season. In the last report we submitted evidence as to immigration into the summer feeding shoals of the Northumberland Coast. Further evidence from other shoals points to these immigra- tions taking place generally. Probably the last change which takes place in September or late August is brought about by fish leaving the feeding shoals to join the spawning shoals. There is evidence to show that during the early part of 1920 the Firth of Forth was visited by more than one shoal of spring spawners, and also herrings were present in these shoals which on account of their stage in development could not become spring spawners this year. J*rom a general considera- tion of the fishing grounds and the currents it is evident that the young are spread over a wide area. These young fish form the summer feeding shoals, and the feeding shoals give rise to recruits for the spawning shoals. The larvae resulting from the spawning shoals undergo denatation, and may ultimately join other spawning shoals, with the result that there is a relationship between the various schools. With regard to the size of the fish, Mrs. Cowan has given, as in former years, an analysis of the age in relation to size. She found that the northern samples consisted of much larger fish than the southern when compared age for age. The autumn spawning shoals were found also to be larger fish than summer feeding shoals when contrasted in this manner. With respect to the statement made in the above summary, Mrs. Cowan’s analysis shows plainly that the first sample which came from the Firth of Forth was smaller in relation to age than the succeeding samples. It appears to be generally true that the herrings are large in the north and gradually become smaller on the successive fishing grounds towards the south when compared age for age. a Mr. Peacock, Lecturer in Zoology, has described changes in the larvae of Ophryotrocha puertlts which appeared in the tanks at Cullercoats, and has made note also of the occurrence of Dinophilus gyrociliatus in the same tanks. A list of Marine Ciliates, by Mr. Craigie, from a jar of sea water sent to Dundee is given under Faunistic Notes. There is only one point which I would like to take this opportunity of referring to, it is the difficulty of obtaining lodging accommodation for workers who wish to take advantage of our Marine Laboratory for work, especially in the long vacation. Cullercoats and the adjacent villages are so taken up with the summer visitors that I have had repeatedly to put off intending workers on account of the difficulty in obtain- ing accommodation. One way out of the trouble is opened up by making use of Easton Hall, which is a hostel connected with Armstrong College, and is conveniently situated near Jesmond Station, Newcastle, and practically only half-an-hour by train from the Laboratory. Arrangements could be made perhaps during the college session, but at all events at Easter and in July and September, for the accommodation of workers at the Laboratory. I still feel, however, that a necessary adjunct to such an institution as ours is to have accommodation in the immediate neighbourhood of the Laboratory. We can perhaps make some arrangements of the kind even under present con- ditions, but in any case I beg to ask those who would wish to come to work at Cullercoats to give as long a notice as possible. ALEXANDER MEEK. 28th September, 1920. HERRING INVESTIGATIONS. I.—HERRING SHOALS. By B. STORROW. A general survey of our investigations of the herrings of the Northumberland Coast* showed that there was a connexion between the summer feeding shoals of our district and the winter spawning shoals of the Firth of Forth. An extension of the area from which our herring samples were obtained was therefore necessary. At the same time it was felt that the opportunity should not be missed of examining samples from as many shoals as possible in order to obtain a knowledge of their composition after such a period of comparative rest as that produced by the war. A scheme of work was drawn up and, with the approval of Professor Meek, arrangements were made for sampling shoals as landed at the ports of Stornoway, Lerwick, Wick, Peterhead, North Shields, Scarborough, Grimsby and Great Yarmouth, and also the sampling of the shoals of the Firth of Forth. Through the kindness of the Editor, I was put into communica- tion with “ Viking” of the Fish Trades Gazette, and he gave me valuable suggestions which helped me to obtain samples from the different ports. It gives me much pleasure to record here my appreciation of the help I have received and the information I have obtained about herrings and herring shoals from Mr. Duncan Maclver of Stornoway, Mr. Alex. McKenzie and Mr. Thomas Brown of Lerwick, Mr. Robt. H. Johnston of Kirkwall, Mr. A. Wood of Wick, Mr. James Ritchie and Mr. John Sutherland of Peterhead, Messrs. J. Sellers & Son of Scarborough, Mr. H. H. Jay and Mr. Beazor of Yarmouth, and Mr. Fred. Frazer and Mr. Walker of Newhaven. Owing to the state of the herring fishery, Mr. H. Gruby of Grimsby was unable to arrange for the sending of samples of the herrings landed at that port. As in previous years, we are indebted to our many friends at North Shields. * Report, 1919, New Series VIII. i) By the examination of samples taken at the beginning and about the middle of the summer fishery, of full or spawning fish, and also of spent fish, it was hoped to get sufficient evidence to show if there was any connexion between the summer shoals and the shoals of spring spawners, which it was intended to sample in the early part of 1920. The samples consisted of a quarter of a cran of herrings taken without selection from the catch of the vessel, and the condition of the herrings on their arrival at Cullercoats gave evidence of the care taken in packing the fish. Below is given a list of the samples examined. for each fish the length, sex, state of gonads and age have been recorded, and from the records of the scales the yearly growth, the position of the winter rings expressed in terms of the length of the fish, has been calculated. But for Mrs. Cowan’s help and her capacity for steady and consistent application to work which, at times tended to become monotonous, it would have been impos- sible to deal with so much material. 10 SAMPLES. Date of ae ; | Number Port. Canbare: Origin. Catch. "Examined. Stornoway | 27th May, 1919 | 20 miles north of Butt of Lewis 25 crans A 226 22nd July, 1919 | 10 miles off Scalpa, Harris 15 crans 239 23rd Sept., 1919 | West side of Minch 10 crans 201 10th Feb., 1920 | Off Tiumpai Head 10 crans A 212 9th March, 1920 | Broad Bay 3to4crans| 262 Lerwick ...} 28th May, 1919 | 20 miles S.E. of reas 50 crans . 4 174 5th July, 1919 14 miles E. of Lerwick 60 crans | 200 16th Aug., 1919 | 14 miles §.8.E. of Lerwick 60 craus m 199 21st Feb., 1920 | 10 miles west of Shetlands 35 crans a 151 13th Mar., 1920 | 20 miles N.N.E. of Flugga ca. 80 crans | 176 Wick 8th July, 1919 49 miles E.48S. of Wick 18 crans 250 14th Aug., 1919 | 9 miles S.E. by E. of Wick 12 crans 168 Peterhead | 19th June, 1919 | 30 miles E. by N. of enehend 10 crans 180 29th July, 1919 | 23 miles E. of Peterhead 8 crans 250 20th Aug., 1919 | 28 miles E.N.E. of Peterhead 12 crans 249 9th Sept., 1919 14 miles E. of Peterhead «| 60) Gransyareee 177 13th Feb., 1920 | 12 miles off north coast of Snpneriaud 100 crans ...| 176 20th Feb., 1920 | Off north coast of Sutherland 50 crans 183 North 24th July, 1919 | 20 miles N.E. byN.4N. of Tyne 18 crans 250 Shields. .| 6th Aug., 1919 25 miles N.E. of Tyne 50 crans 250 27th Aug., 1919 | 20 miles E. of Tyne ca. 3 crans 250 26th Sept., 1919 | 70 miles E.S.E. of Tyne (coe led) 5to6crans | 242 8th Oct., 1919...) 101 miles E.2S. of Tyne (trawled) 3 crans 229 Sear- 12th Aug., 1919 | 15 miles N.E. of Scarborough 3 crans 200 borough | 11th Sept., 1919 | 18 miles N.E. of Scarborough 2 crans 250 25th Sept., 1919 | 10 miles E.N.E. of Scarborough 10 crans 245 Great Yar-| 6th Nov., 1919...) 9 miles from North Haisborough mouth Light Vessel 474 crams ... ALA | 20th Noy., 1919 | 3 miles N. of North Aeron Float “fe 144 crans .. 286 Fiith of 22nd Jan., 1920 | Off St.-David’s 9 crans 220 Forth 17th Feb., 1920 | Off Aberdour (seine net) ca. 60 crans 266 10th Mar., 1920 | Large, off Cramond Island (?) 177 (A) Small, off Bo’ness (7) 99 Total examined in : _ 7 ni q a = Se ’ ; 2 r i 7 EE Se ee ee ee ’ ae el we Pa os. 7 i ‘a : ; im ’ - Len Mgt ae | a a) oo Lande 7 7 7 : Pod © a u 7 » ' ian} A in i} ’ f 7. e = ua _ Aas fe . =) tt ’ } -” ; ie Ly Dy 4 : ee : = 3 i ee) es a ae aes ee a - - u Y 7 ! ' 7 : ¥ y ; on ay i) “a a + 4f ay — ‘as en he aU i i } i -*s i Al, iy ay; 4 Soe i " Pun iyi Panel ‘7 , : a ; (ae ; : mm IG part ? La (45 > a. eer Na ey lee . ine 7 in’ A) 1 Oe 2 1h aon a: : ) Pe : : oo" "5 a ‘a if | 2) en oie ot ae ee. | | : hy mi it. © f a F ois : Ds Yr Ce oe i” 7 eee . ; i - i te Co a iP Psy + tx . ae a, 70 Sone aes 4 i i 7 ‘" : A = LA a awe’ ii 7 i ie a ; i : Q ov , it 7 ah a tae 7 > ~~ 2 SS _ 7 aS ; ' i ] ; a; : P, ; 7 : Pd) . any * w > ; a ; : Aye ‘ ah = ‘< i} We * / ; 7 a 7 San a a 7 - : ' a moe - ' ' = : ey | ., y ‘ i \ 7 } 7 fi - ' a if a - - 4 ’ ! L : 7 - “i aA ; nh i Ton 7 - 7 v ay J t- - = 7 , _ - ioe eee 7 Pos : ~< - 0 a - : ' | — _ : > 4 7 ; ; 1 : 7 i! V : J oe il ' ' | - 7 = - 7 a ag = ' y° ji Po. . at ~ Ps + 5 G + : - 4 ‘ : , 7 ms ie ‘ 1 -- | iy at ; i aa a >» - 2 « > "el - : as a ' a fs [a ha a = 7 ‘ ; iz a = prey = A a aa a , day” 7 “3 - we : = i, Fe in : 7 ; » 2 “y Us sett a ae ! "Pad 1, Ss 7 ; i ra 7 mY a 7 Bs: : y \ a a ay @ rare aa} ae 6 os = me, et, | RM) iM: : * C= . 7 : > ; _ * _ | ri i ): ; +. 4 : bey ] = i 7 , : : = ’ : , 7 ‘ | . ae ols \ _ o 7 e © Vere | : a] oe : . aie? 1 ee? - ; hae - = i: f en . : ; a 22 ‘ if mite} _ ae - S =pt at I a - y iG ve . yi ; : i = .¥ as ie me | , : = P25 ; tT a 7 : ie r ames | 7 : 7 a) ae j ‘ay ies 28 wed, m=! Le - oo ae ; : ; ) bee i a ie a : 4 Al i jieled.\, 7 ss vane (ee: car ge Lehi ) 7 ti i aM ead np a : f : a | ' uw An kab -_ : p< : y a : ' = I - Oe a ve 7 x : _— 1" mn : ; 7 » ¢ i ; i la oe Ti a, 1) mj @ f 7 uy ; oe : 7 & = a - si 7 7 4 7 : : i A iT : i ; . : - ' wT VES el ea ee ee on a) Oe fia! " ee ee ee eras vy a mi! ae ‘wi . : a ; 7 : 7 oy = 7 i :. a a : 7 , : -) iv : on ie “t a ma | v ! i 7 i= Be Sia ies - Al. % as ae US - f ) Gerke ra S : |. i 7 i 7 ‘ 7 . eo ae pV tery ry iv : 7 oc |e tan 4. oi) a ' : OF oe io ¥ 7 ey een ee aw ' re q : vi am dae a) a j ai Pi ; i ian - van ‘ 7 + j , mn | iuvae os i iJ a ar , rH r ' ; 7 7A i < : 7, 7 : as ake 1 i Ay a en ve 7 sy v) . - t LP Lf ° - 7 a) oa” | . ; ny ie t se) 7 : oh 2) | ~ h ; q =! : ‘ : = pee a ite ie hee Wie ‘nd wi) xe : PREP RAP ur) ae a - : : 7 vied 7 y 7 : Ww 4s 4 eee “a id is . ib? We Saye aie a im 7 : a a) a q i} + i 3 ae _ : ou w Rares! a} " 1 7 " - 407 1 13 1 oe 1 102 TOOT. eee us 6 2 37- 31 \ 10 5 tS oe It would appear from the above that summer feeding shoals of fish with three winter rings receive immigrants throughout the season, and that the time of joining the shoals bears some relationship to growth as expressed for the first year, 7.e., up to the formation of the first winter ring. It has already been shown that there is considerable variation in the age at which first maturity is reached. This variation will be seen to accompany a variation in growth. Below are given particulars relating to the Stornoway samples for fish with three winter rings :— THIRD YEAR GROWTH. NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Date Winter 49 90 21 22 23 24 25 26 27°28 29 30 Total. Rings. feo 3. Be. -s So ee eS 46 oe eee 9/3/20 3 2 Lg 6° 48° 86 S24, Poe 27/5/19 3 Soa ss = 2 11. 7 10 10 16.9 Gee 22/7/19 3 t’ 2'2 10°20 23-18 ‘6 's- 3° Se 23/9/19 3 =f 6 8 12 18) 8 by ee eS 21 The fish with three winter rings in the samples of February and March, 1920, have a considerably larger growth up to the third winter ring than have those found in the sample of July, 1919, and they are very like those found in the sample of May, 1919. The February and March samples are from spring spawning shoals, and it will be seen in Table II. (maturity) that a large number of the fish with three winter rings were either spawning or spent fish, or were likely to become spring spawners. The May sample of 1919 came from a shoal of fish caught on grounds frequented by recovering spents at that time of year. We have therefore in the first three samples given above a large number of fish which can be classed as spring spawning fish. They resemble one another very much with regard to third year growth, and are considerably larger than the fish of similar age found in the feeding shoals in July. The sample of 23rd September contained 55 fish with three winter rings, and of these 37 were spents; they were autumn spawners. The growth of these fish is greater than the growth of those in the July sample, which consisted chiefly of developing fish, but is not so great as that of the spring spawners, which have come to maturity when some six months younger. If the fish with three winter rings in the five samples be traced back in the growth tables the same features are noticeable for the second year growth. The first year growth is of particular interest. In the summer feeding shoal, 22nd July, the fish have a first year growth ranging from 6 to 15 cm., in the autumn spawn- ing shoal, 23rd September, a range of from 6 to 14 cm., and in the sample of 9th March, 1920, a range from 7 to 15 cm. Fish in both spring and autumn spawning shoals have a range for first year growth similar to that found in the summer feeding shoals. It has been pointed out already that the summer feeding shoals contain young fish arising from both spring and autumn spawners. The particulars are as follows for the first year growth of the three samples.:— NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Date. ae Go ee eS om tome IL” 12 se ee te Dotal B08. as 8 See hay ee eG Ot 12S F oba ew Oh 8 124 22/7/19 ... ... 8 BB ee GO Gh) Ou Go 15h fee 106 e186 SiG? be 3 ).5 8 W230) 9c: Geen 0-134 9904 9, 22 Se 6G The sample of 9th March, 1920, has a higher first year growth than the other samples, but in this connexion it must be remembered 28 that these fish are some six months younger. They have their third winter ring at the edge of the scale, and the others have a summer zone of growth between the third winter ring and the edge of the scale. Both the sample of 9th March, 1920, and that of 23rd September, 1919, contained fish which were not actually spawning. The March sample had 51 fish at stages VI., VII. and VII.—II., and the September sample had 37 fish, which were spents. These fish were spring and autumn spawners, and their first year growth was as follows :— NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Winter Date. eae 6 7 8 9 10 13 .12 43 34> S33icrk Rings. 9/3/20 <:. #i< 23 — —_- — 3 2 G6 413 i5 8 ¢ 51 23/9/19 Se oS — 1 3 4 7 7 6 7 2-=—. 37 This first year growth is so scattered that if the period between hatching and the formation of the first winter ring be considered the chief factor in determining the first year growth, we have spring spawners arising from the young of both spring and autumn spawners, and autumn spawners arising in the same way. Very few fish younger than those under consideration have been found actually spawning, and these are the youngest spawning fish in sufficient numbers in the samples to allow of comparison. The fish spawning at the time when the third winter ring is at the edge of the scale have, on the whole, a greater first year growth than those in the September sample. They are younger fish, and are probably made up of a large number of fish born in the autumn, and a small number, which have had a great potentiality for growth and early development, born in spring. That is, the majority are about three-and-a-half years old, and the remainder three years old. It has been pointed out that it is considered autumn born fish do not form their first winter ring at the end of the year of birth. In the September sample the fish are older by some six months, the third winter ring being inside the edge of the scale, and from the first year growth consist of individuals three-and-a-half years old, those with the smallest first year growth, and four years old. Older groups of fish, with more than three winter rings on their scales, probably contain individuals which have joined the spawning shoals in different years, and which have spawned more 2a than once, but their first year growth is also great in range and gives support to the above possible origin of spring and autumn spawning shoals. Below are given particulars of the first year growth of the older fish found in spawning shoals in the vicinity of Stornoway :— NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Winter P Date. : 6 7 8 3) a0) Bh 12) ts 14s) lb Total Rings. AY AY 9 ea — 1 3 a 6 Gi IB? 9 9 2 — £55 10/2/20 4 — 2, 4 4 6 seal all 5 6 iL) GR 9/3/20 4 —- —- —- 8 8 Sia ls 4 1 — £59 23/9/19 4 1 iL 6 5 fj 9 3 9 5 — — 51 10/2/20 5 — 1 3} 1 3 = 7 iG 3 1 — 26 9/3/20 5 — 1 —- — if 2 a 2 5 4 — 18 23/9/19 5 1 2 2 6 4 4 6 5 6 1 Sy 10/2/20 6 —_—- —_—- — 1 2 5 Omelo 5 — — 82 9/3/20 6 —_—- — 2 — 1 2 6 7 8 2 = 28 23/9/19 6 — a 3 4 — 4 6 e 1 2 — 28 10/2/20 7 -- 2, 1 ye 2 5 g Go pest 6 1s e465 9/3/20 Uh —_- — a 4 2 1 2 4 — 16 The maturity data, Table IT., show that practically the whole of the above fish may be dealt with as spawning fish or fish about to spawn. From the above particulars it is evident they originate from summer feeding shoals which have been shown to consist of young born in both spring and autumn, and it is also evident that the first year growth gives no reason for concluding that spring spawners give rise to young which, without exception, will become spring spawners, or that autumn spawners give young which will all become autumn spawners. The facts point to what has been stated, and that is that spring spawners may come from young fish born either in spring or in autumn, and autumn spawners may originate in the same way. Further data similar to that given above, and supporting the conclusion here expressed, will be found in the growth table for herrings from the Shetlands. This relationship between spring and autumn spawning herrings is opposed to Heincke’s* conclusions. But Matthewst was unable to find any racial difference between spring and autumn spawners from Scottish waters, and the small differences which he noted would probably have disappeared had the data been examined * Die Naturgeschichte des Herings, 1895. { Report as to Variety among the Herrings of the Scottish Coasts. Repts. Fish. Bd. Scot., 4th and Sth. 30 by Matthews from the standpoint of age. Jenkins,* in a criticism of Heincke’s work, states that Heincke failed to establish definite racial characters for spring and autumn spawning herring. By using Heincke’s data, Jenkins illustrates that so-called autumn spawners may have the characters stated by Heincke to belong to spring spawners and vice versa ; that a group of autumn spawners may resemble a group of spring spawners more than the latter group resembles another group of spring spawners, and also that in a sample of 21 herrings having the average formula for autumn spawners, the first 10 fish have the average formula for spring spawners. Further evidence of growth accompanying early maturity will be found in the samples of summer feeding and spawning shoals from Peterhead and Scarborough. The Peterhead samples of 20th August and 9th September differ as regards maturity. The August sample had, for herrings with three winter rings, only seven fish out of 122 as far developed as stage IV., and the September sample contained 30 spents out of a total of 32. Of the fish with four winter rings the August sample contained 14 out of 58 as far developed as stage 1V., and in the September sample 37 out of 38 were spent fish. The third year growth of these fish here follows :— NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Date. “Witter is 19 20 31 22 29 24 25.96 (97 09S Wem Rings. 20/8/19... 38 —_- — 3) PL PA ele 8 Z tL oe OOS eee |S —: 1 —- — 2, 5 7 8 8 - i 32 20/8/19... 34 2; 1 6 14 14 8 6 6 1 —-— — 58 9/9/19 4 —- —- — 3 3 4 YS ali 7 ti — 38 The Scarborough sample of 11th September had 115 fish with three winter rings, and of these 107 were below stage IV. All the fish of this age were spawners, stage VI., in the sample of 25th September. The third year growth of these fish is here given :— NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Winter Date. : 19 20 Pall 22 23 24 25 26 Total. Rings. 1/9/19) 5. 3 5 15 46 238 14 4 2: — 115 ZT ORO) Ss, 3 — — — 8 14 13 6 1 42 * The Difference between Spring and Autumn Herring. Repts. Lance. Sea Fish. Laby, 1902. 31 The first year growth of herrings with three winter rings was on the whole greater for the fish in the spawning shoals than in the feeding shoals for both the Peterhead and Scarborough samples. Attention has been drawn to the change which takes place in the shoals throughout the summer feeding, and it was stated that these changes were considered to be due to immigrations into the shoals. Whilst changes up to the end of August and early September may be due to immigration, the last change which takes place, and causes fish with a comparatively small first year growth to be so abundant in the samples, may be due to fish leaving the shoals for the purpose of joining a spawning shoal. The first year growth for herrings with three winter rings from the Peterhead samples was as follows :— NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. eee eee eer S. 72 me? 9 10, Ae 8° 4 BY erase Rings. 19/6/19... 8 Deh wl? 91 71 Fo, so) Oe a ee 29/7/19... 3 De 5908 80) JO AG) 66s Tine 5 OP ee 20/8/19... 3 PS) sO a Od) AOL Ole 10a G2. Se ea ais 9/9/19 3 BUI Cors Oats) CPS E arora seam eo geal EC 2 ae Practically the whole range of first year growth is represented in the 32 fish of 9th September, and 30 of them were spents. The figures appear to form two groups, one about 8 and 9 cm., and the other about 12 cm., and point to these fish having originated from both spring and autumn spawners. From the growth calculations it appears that spring and autumn spawners differ from one another as regards growth after reaching maturity. The oldest fish which occur in sufficient numbers in the samples to allow of comparison are those with six winter rings in the autumn spawning shoals, and those with seven winter rings in the spring spawning shoals of Stornoway and the Shetlands. These fish are, except for the date of capture, of the same age, for the sixth winter ring is immediately inside the edge of the scale of the autumn spawners, and in the spring spawners the edge has been counted as the seventh winter ring. The maturity data will show that the fish can be taken as spring and autumn spawn- ing fish. The growth attained at the formation of the first and 32 fifth winter rings for both the Stornoway (SY.) and Shetland (LK.) fish here follows :— FIRST YEAR GROWTH. NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Winter . bs Date. Port. eine! § 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 19 14515 eeeee 23/9/19 oY. 6 = 1-8 4 —~ 4 -6 47 1 22 eee 10/2/70 x... SY, 7 — 2 1 2 2 5 9.6 11 (6) wee 9/3/20 ae OY. 7 —— 8— 42 12324=— = =] 16/8/19 wg LK. 6 — 2 8B 6. b 8°34 FF 3 eee PPI. :. LK. 7 — 1 38°42 1 6° 0-3-6 Se 13/3/20 ne PLR, 7 1 — 3 => 4 6 5 543" 3.33 FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Date. Port. cane 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Total. vlNgs. 23/9/19 SY. 6 —_- — 1 6 9 iz 5 —- —= — Q 10/2/20 SY. 7 —- —- —- —- — 6. Sin dt 9 2 45 9/3/20 SY. 7 —- — —- — 2 —— 5 7 2 — 16 16/8/19 LK. 6 1 — 2 7 6 9 8 3 — — 36 21/2/90) LK. 4 —- — — — 1 — 6 16°42 3 38 13/3/20 LES 3% = > SS 1 a) < 16 oe Although there are differences between the first year growth as regards the numbers found under different centimetres the range is practically the same. In the Lerwick samples the largest fish at the end of the first year is found amongst the autumn spawners and the smallest amongst the spring spawners. The fifth year growth shows considerable difference, the spring spawners being much bigger fish on the whole than the autumn spawners. For the purpose of tracing the growth made in different years the table on the opposite page has been prepared for the Stornoway herrings here considered, and the growth for the sixth vear has been added. It will be observed that no fish amongst the spring spawners is longer than an autumn spawner at the end of the second year. By the end of the third year certain of the spring spawners have exceeded the autumn spawners, and these fish are probably those which arrived at maturity early in life. The difference in growth gradually becomes more marked with age, and the fifth year growth of the spring spawners is better — than the sixth year growth of the autumn spawners. Lea* states that growth begins in April, and that by the end of August 92 per cent. of the yearly growth has been attained. * A Study on the Growth of Herrings. Pub. de Cire., No. 61, p. 41. Nt a ae ee a aaa ec ace (ST Ss a cs eee ip te ee Pe nee pe a cart ca Ooo ieee ie Re lime ome me) I Miele |G ben) PPM eee Te Tae fn a a ee a) et ee ee ae 9 |'°* 02/Z/0T v4 os an — 9 Hf 6 G 16 _ _ _ — — — —— — = a, es base mar a, Sa a er ae Soe ‘Semel eae — 9 ey 61/6/83 sj Pie ee PI ar ein em ee ede fa ee em ea ated tN i cere amie tee | Waist le psa PP rp Oech fa | re a ar alae etl Reem es | ffm ee fim P| ee MK | es ees hs G ** 61/6/83 9T — — — — e 9 -P T G ——s _ = ——_ ae oa = = a a rary aged om 4 ep a ary Sina Plime ae P -- 02/6/6 oie EE May cea bron eel Cpe Mea ll eel [a en et Peal rl la ie fo wm Ma Ui Va | se at Later e/a Fa | y Fe Oc/clOr Per coil alec ire sligccl’ce ep ee ip ee | ee se calico er mage teh OUCLEa oye | cosy = PN PS eee Sica eo nrc pam Wm em eal ee | Pe tere eae diss fie |i sarap) pe MIRA ee) ea el ie aie ed en es (nen ce ce Pet seat eel feel | 03/3/01 ben) =~ | | 1 | | N i~ for) apg ee See as lla ee ae ae be ecg ie ean A cc Mace Una Aine pel tate lama gecend) vari 2 & |" 61/6/86 aye Ye sb reese ee a ef OA | ml ag pers acne cme Mac MIP tlie | 3 |" O/8/6 Er |e me ree me eee ere Fee alco Pepin Q Te 1a0, eS al Los hmesctl A a) BS pit ee NS ere Ree bie ot ae ea 3 {°° 0a/s/0t Or eae ae eee eee OM IS VSN GE RR ep ne ae |) aa | eae ae a | «61/6/€s Pre feet ees ees | ee a) i me | ee i ea ale geen Fem eee ets ee ace ae fo te ee I MTT | Ounale@a G) 0G) I nealing. Ga eect eae Tt |'* 02/2/0T py [eH fe ee es ec | fee eee a re ce ee cae eS DS af emee deB eabe le ee LT \) 60/e/se MOT 1ej0z,| ze | te | og | 62 | 8a | 2a | 92 | G2 | Fs | SS | 3S*} TZ | OS | GT | BT | ZT | OT | ST Pe NSE Weeks) Lhe a0Rh.) 16 8 4 9 LS a bere: Oye eee et eh eS eS eee "SUULAMIING,) LY SUSAWON *(Ajoayqoodsor SSury IopUTA\ Z pur g UPA US) SUANMVdS ONIUdMS GNV NWOALAV AVMONYWOLS TO HLIMOWD 34 After maturity is reached the summer feeding of the herring is responsible for not only growth in length but also the develop- ment of the gonads. In the autumn spawning fish the gonads are fully developed by the end of August, when spawning may take place, or in early September. In spring spawning fish the gonads are not fully developed until some six months later, and a con- siderable amount of the material needed for their development may be derived from the tissues of the body. The data here given is considered to indicate that spawning for the fourth, fifth and sixth years takes place annually. The growth made by the fish of the Stornoway sample of 27th May is greater on the whole than the growth of fish of similar age found in the autumn spawning shoal, and points to the greater portion of the May sample consisting of fish recovering from a spring spawning. The Shetland sample of 28th May is different from the spring spawning samples as regards growth, and appears to consist as far as the older fish are concerned of herrings which are autumn spawners. These differences are most noticeable from a comparison of the fifth year growth, which will be found in Table III. The samples from the north coast of Sutherland have, for fish with six winter rings, a growth which up to the fifth year increases like that of the spring spawners of Stornoway and the Shetlands. There is a small difference between the Stornoway and the Lerwick samples, the latter being slightly larger fish for their age, and the samples from the north coast of Sutherland are nearer in growth to the Shetland fish. Whether a difference would be found to exist for these shoals were an examination of them made throughout the winter fishery cannot be said, but there is a possibility of the shoals of the Shetlands and the north coast of Sutherland being more oceanic in habitat than those of the Stornoway area, where the Minch affords a large feeding ground. From the growth data here given and what is already known from Hjort’s* samples there is sufficient evidence to show that oceanic life gives a greater and quicker growth than does life in the waters of narrow seas such as the southern part of the North Sea. See also page 83. * Pub. de Circ.. No. 53. 35 Another point which is not without interest with regard to these northern shoals is that whereas the third year growth of fish with four winter rings is chiefly under 25, 26 and 27 cm., the third year growth of fish with six winter rings is, for a considerable number of fish, under 23 and 24cm. Whilst these smaller grown fish may come from the younger slow growing fish of the northern area, their numbers for the north coast of Sutherland and the Shetlands probably point to their origin further west and south respectively. Fish with a similar growth up to the third year can be found in the samples of the east coast as far south as North Shields and even Scarborough. The condition of the gonads of the herrings from the trawled samples of North Shields suggested the possibility of these fish joining the Yarmouth shoals for the purpose of spawning. With the object of comparing the growth of the fish from the two areas the table on the following page has been prepared. It will be seen that there is a difference between the first year growth, the Yar- mouth shoals containing a large number of fish with a compara- tively small first year growth. Further the Yarmouth herrings by the end of the sixth year have reached a growth equal to that of the North Shields trawled herrings. From the number of samples examined from these trawled herrings and the fish seen as landed on North Shields Fish Quay, the shoals fished by the trawlers have been considered for some years now as autumn spawners. The Yarmouth shoals do not spawn until later in the year. If the difference in growth, as observed between the spring and autumn spawners of Stornoway and the Shetlands, exists between other shoals having a difference in spawning times, it would appear that the difference in spawning time between the trawled and Yarmouth shoals accounts for the comparatively quicker growth of the latter with increasing age. The material available does not allow of a detailed examina- tion of the data from the standpoint of age, maturity and growth, and a comparison being made in this way between the two shoals. It is thought, however, that the general view of the difference in growth, as shown above, is sufficient to indicate a difference between the two shoals, and that the samples examined give no support to the trawled shoals joining the Yarmouth shoals for spawning purposes. It is thought also that growth after maturity 36 PMU tes SRC | ee like: Mir ameae|. ere ol Seen | Reel ml tae | ah mem are | are acme ph see ar | seam a a ee ec ee 9 | ‘HA | GT/11/0G CG amml Ime semmrcner | ce NDI ROP giiemmen) orem | Yipee mec er) seme pei Remo geen tee, | en! armen eae ee ee 9 | HA | s6t/TL/9 DyfPhag | SIN En To ie ONT a eA eR lo ad el Va Umea ea bet bn Dea became Ne ( — 9 "N'S | GT/OT/8 rehie {ys Mal oh 7 ec 1c a a iV (5 aa al aca io sa fc (caer aera ol (ee lon a [Sina 9 "NS | 61/6/96 FA gS NM Tie tats ell C08 RES RT ll Pe tN a a ma ca ne | ll eh | anh al ec es (ade a ‘HA | 61/11/06 COPED Of oh Po i FS mC Ocha ky Oe OU aa | iad cm Cen Sn Ka a a Nae ll na Ue g ‘HA | 61/1T/9 Ji | ee oA (er ee IT STE A ae a Oc a alc meee | ed Pra nag G ‘NS | 6T/OT/8 7 ae | setae FAC al] YN) Ya Be ® fd ama ec ec (eal Ince eer Weel lat (oe nes, ase al ae |e |e g N'S | 61/6/93 Sea ete oeeets | Tp «Oe (Sg QUEEN O01 Se eee mre | ee Shemale |e) eee emt es | ea eg A t "HA | 61/11/06 CSF e ess Pace (Se | (eo Mg cre dE]. 2H S| al Uap ia ed a cael Nall he ced (camel cer ee a iets || a b HX | 61/119 INN Nema IN ll NT a ke co ac I] ca i Vad ac Gem |e tae ce ae ae iy "NS | 6T1/01/8 Crees leet MT ed aa NSIS ede |e gl me ene | aig ce | rere emer ee | a |e eg (ie en t | ‘NS | 61/6/96 GicMeN icemey |e emt na | ema calls OTTO Tak lO UN Nea mcm ame gaia aca eee | rol ars em a & HX | 61/T1/03 (ON) ON ee es) aed Chem 9) tM cURL | ea me ced Faces mes | readable & HX | 61/11/9 re mre lest ee (cen metic ee Noh | | ME wh Gil Ae 1) | eomemengh omen mae are gre ane) Aree A et Ree ee eee g "N'S | 61/0T/8 Cpa eee eee mee IE! NAP EDT VO SiGe TT, | lees Sh ei aa emeia een rene | Semone mee Salam g N's | 61/6/96 PA Ne Ar lem ed) a ge na ab a BPS Pc ae) fone Vai pn (Dash oa a 6 | HA | 61/TT/0@ Up ce Ye rs rm meme gl meer a Nagel SA en ls. al cdc MOM a) IG OaeM 2 aeee nema ene ig arin regs peel eeceag reas 3 HA | 6T/IT/9 DFTA eae ee cmp In glee I ae I eel ee ee 8 Siig emer | ae a gy een eile alin co a | ‘NS | 6T/uT/8 i WS a al aca Pace cc Ch dt ci 7) 0) Ut a aa 2 ao cc bao Um (ele 3 "NS | 61/6/96 Cie ee ee a) ee ea ee ae ee ee ee AT |S eG he \ “HA | 61/TT/06 CIR Yeo eT SF i en a eae at ee ea ell aed at meer pi cmd el Geli) 21 1iaCUI|tealhs 17" 1h Gos 1 HA | 61/T1/9 PTL tet i Peete | em | A em Re er cee ae) ee ee Me I eR: a ele ina | en an \! "N'S | 61/0T/8 Pm Peete eee mmm | ce le | ere a OOS Oe De Lid ee eee a otras lirees r "N’S | 61/6/96 "YIMOIY) ‘1BWIOL | GZ | SS | Le | HS | Gs | Fo | 8A | ZB | TS | OG | GT | ST | AT | OT | ST | FT | ST | GT | IT | OT | @ 8 |e WP io | “yey ged Ge 29 “SCULAWIINGS) LY SUMaWwON “(SEUIY TOPUTM 9 WIM YSIT) SHTAWKVS HLOONWUVA GNV (PANVIL) SATAIHS HLUON 37 may be of use in determining differences between shoals which have different spawning times. In last year’s Report it was stated there were good reasons for holding that the summer feeding shoals off the Northumberland Coast supplied spring spawning shoals in the Firth of Forth. From the work of last year, the Firth of Forth is an area which receives more than one shoal of herrings as spring spawners, and they come from different summer feeding shoals. The best material for showing the presence of different herrings consists of fish with four winter rings. Although the number of these fish was small in the sample of 22nd January there is considerable difference between them and fish of the same age in the February and March samples. This is best seen in the third year growth, which is here given :— NUMBERS AT CENTIMETRES. Date. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Total. PPA WPA ace = 2 a) 5 3 2 = = = — ily Lf2/ 20"... 1 3 4 5 5 15 9 8 = 1 54 10/3/20 2 5 4 @ 18 24 18 6 = ass The fish in the January sample, considering the growth they have made, may have come from any of the shoals to the south of the Firth of Forth or may have spent their lives in the Firth, but there is no evidence of fish with such a large third year growth as those found in the February and March samples being present in any of the shoals south of the Firth of Forth, with the exception of a small number in the North Shields samples. These large grown fish are more like the larger fish found in the Peterhead samples of July and September. Fish with six winter rings in the February sample also agree more with the Peterhead sample of September than they do with more southern fish, and are probably also northern in origin. They are, as will be seen from the tables, fish with a larger growth for their age than the North Shields trawled, Scarborough or Yarmouth herrings. The Firth of Forth is now the only area on the east coast giving a fishing for full herrings in spring. No sample of spring herrings from Yarmouth or Lowestoft has been examined, but all the fish from the Yarmouth spring fishery seen on North Shields Fish Quay have been spent fish, and the information obtained from 38 herring curers and fishermen does not point to full or spawning fish being present in any great numbers in these waters in spring. It has been pointed out that there were present in the waters off Yarmouth a number of fish which could not become spawners during the time the shoals there abound, and the possibility of these fish joining a shoal migrating to the Firth of Forth is worthy of consideration. There is not sufficient data to hand to allow of any comparison between these fish and the Firth of Forth shoals. GENERAL.—From the whole of the waters from which the samples under consideration have been obtained, the most northerly and westerly shoals of herrings are the shoals of spring spawners to the north of the Shetlands and in the vicinity of the Flannan Islands. 'To the southward and eastward of these shoals are found the summer feeding shoals of the east of the Shetlands to Fair Isle, and those round the northern portion of Lewis. The Shetland summer shoals have been shown to contain a number of fish with three winter rings, and from the vicinities of Fair Isle, Auskerry and Copinshay young fish are more numerous, if, as is thought, trade descriptions can be taken to indicate roughly the age of the fish. The summer shoals about the Butt of Lewis are mostly mattie herrings, which, from the data now available, are considered to be chiefly fish with three winter rings. These summer feeding grounds, later in the season, become autumn spawning grounds for older herrings and those of the young fish sufficiently developed to take part in the spawning. Other spring spawning shoals may be found to the south and east, off the Orkneys, the Butt of Lewis and the north coast of Sutherland, but again to the south- ward and eastward are found young fish in summer feeding shoals. From the Pentland Firth southward are found spawning grounds with summer feeding shoals to the south of them, and this persists along the coast until the southern part of the North Sea is reached, which, on account of its narrow waters and currents, cannot be expected to give a summer feeding shoal south of the spawning shoals. The presence and position of these summer feeding shoals of young fish, the predominant year class of which has three winter rings on the scales, compels a consideration of our herring shoals from the standpoint of denatation,* and the continued existence * Professor Meek, Migrations of Fish, 1916. 39 of the most northerly and westerly shoals can be possible only if there is a compensatory contranatant* migration. The young herring shortly after birth and when the yolk sac has been absorbed, frequents mid-water where it has been taken towards the end of March and in April. About the end of June, after a short sojourn near the surface, migration commences towards the shore. Young from autumn spawners spend less time in the mid-water and the latest of them appear to migrate shorewards without an intermediate journey through the mid- water to the surface.t There is therefore a period of about three months for the young arising from’ spring spawners, and a shorter period for the young from autumn spawners, during which they are subject to the influence of currents. The extent of denatation possible can be appreciated only by a consideration of Fulton’s experiments.t A drift of from 2 to 6 miles per day was found to be common. If the currents of the mid-water are approximately the same as those of the surface the young herring may be carried some hundreds of miles from its place of birth. It is not intended here to give detailed examples of the amount of drift observed, but the following may be of interest as indicating the possibilities of denatation in our local waters. One of the bottles liberated near the mouth of the Firth of Forth, 20th March, was found on the Northumber- land coast, having drifted 82 miles south in fifteen days. || The post larval stages originating from the more northerly shoals will be drifted south along the east coast of Scotland, which will receive also the products of the spawning shoals of the north coast of Sutherland, and possibly some of the young from the north of Lewis. Once the young fish come under the influence of the tidal stream running between the Orkney Islands and in the Pentland Firth, which attains a speed varying from 2 to 8 miles per hour, they will be carried quickly into the North Sea, where they will eventually form summer feeding shoals of young fish. It has been shown that these summer feeding shoals give additions to the * Professor Meek, op. cit. + McIntosh and Masterman. British Marine Food Fishes. t The Currents of the North Sea and their Relation to Fisherics. 15th Ann. Rept. Fish Bd. Scot. \| Fulton, op, cit., p. 348. 40 shoals of autumn spawning herrings, the young of which will he drifted south and form other shoals. 'The result will be that there will be a close relationship between all the shoals found from the most northerly and westerly localities to the most southerly one coming under the influence of the drift of the young. The southerly drift does not appear to come below the latitude of the Wash, and this may isolate somewhat the shoals of the southern North Sea. But there is a possibility of young herrings coming from the Wash joining the more northerly shoals of young fish of East Anglian waters, and the occurrence of suitable winds may bring additions to the southern part of the North Sea. Fulton* found the influence of wind sufficient to reverse the surface currents. Savaget found young herrings from the Wash having a small first year growth very similar to the first year growth of many of the fish in the Yarmouth samples. There are three shoals of young herrings which are interesting, and these are those of the west of the Shetlands, the west of the Orkneys, and the Atlantic side of Barra. These shoals fluctuate considerably, and a consideration of their fluctuations and the prevailing winds during their denatation would probably be of great help in determining their origin. Time has not allowed of a detailed analysis of the herring catches from various areas, and a consideration of the effects of the weather on the fishery in order to produce a large amount of evidence to support the theory of contranatation, but some interesting data have been obtained from various reports of the Fishery Board for Scotland. In 1892 the summer fishery of the East Coast was most productive. For Eyemouth it was stated that never in the memory of the oldest inhabitant had such great shoals continued on the coast. The Cromarty fishing was the most successful for twenty years, and there had been nothing to approach it since 1870. The fishing from Wick and the Orkneys was not so good as that further south, and the Shetland fishing was a failure. Two years afterwards, 1894, the Orkney and Shetland fishing had a remarkable success, the catches being double those for 1893, which were double those for 1892. Six years later, 1900, vast catches were reported from Shetland waters. * Op. cit.; p. 362. Tt Report on Age Determinations from Scales of Young Herrings. Fish Invest , Series IL, vol. TV., No. 1, 1919. 4] If these facts be considered from our present knowledge of the age of the summer feeding shoals, which have been shown to consist chiefly of fish in their fourth year, and the large numbers of fish with six and seven winter rings in the samples of spring spawners, there seem to be good grounds for concluding that by the time the herrings are in their sixth year (1894) they have contranatated from the East Coast to the waters of the Orkney and Shetland Islands, and that an abundance of herrings in these northern waters, as found in 1894, gives another abundant fishing in the same waters six years afterwards. The accounts given by the fishery officers of the herring fishing for their districts in this year of abundance, 1892, are of interest. For Eyemouth, Leith, Montrose and Stonehaven the herrings were described as being soft and tender, small and immature, and generally smaller or containing a greater proportion of small than in previous years. For the Aberdeen district the herrings improved towards the end of July and in August. MHerrings of superior quality and of good size were landed at Peterhead, Fraserburgh and Banff. Further west in the Moray Firth, Buckie and Findhorn, the herrings were small and of inferior quality. An improvement was shown for Cromarty, and this gradually increased through the Helmsdale and Lybster districts until Wick was reached, where the quality was good. The best fisheries, as far as quality was concerned, were those in the vicinity of Peterhead and Wick, where they now exist, and to the south of these fishing grounds were large quantities of younger fish. The amount of contranatation necessary for the abundant shoals of the East Coast, say off Peterhead, to influence the fisheries of the Orkneys and Shetlands two vears afterwards, 1894, is from 1} to 3 degrees of latitude. In previous reports attention has been drawn to the disappear- ance of autumn spawning shoals off the Northumberland Coast, and the spawning in these waters has never been of any great extent since herring investigations were commenced at Cullercoats in 1911. From further information autumn spawning shoals have disappeared from the Yorkshire coast, in the vicinity of Skinningrove, and from the Firth of Forth. Some thirty years ago it was a common thing for large shoals to come quite close inshore in the autumn between St. Abb’s Head and the mouth of the 42 Tyne, and catches were made in water so shallow that there was difficulty in keeping the nets off the bottom. From such evidence it might be taken that our herring shoals are decreasing. But the use of steam and oil power has increased the radius of action of fishing vessels and catches are now taken much further out to sea. These catches show an increase. It is probable that the large fleets of nets which are shot nearly every night of the fishing season, have prevented the fish from coming close inshore, and that spawning grounds have changed for the same reason. It has been shown that the wealth of our summer fishery depends upon the young fish, the predominant year class of which has three rings, and that these young fish arise from both spring and autumn spawning shoals. With the exception of the Firth of Forth, the chief spawning grounds for spring spawners are in the waters to the north of Scotland, about the Shetlands, the Orkneys, the north coast of Sutherland, the Butt of Lewis and possibly other localities, not frequently fished, such as Sule Skerry. These grounds yield large catches of fish, but the catch is controlled to some extent by weather conditions. During the last spring fishery severe winter weather greatly hindered the fishery in the Firth of Forth and about the north of the Shetlands. Further information about the herring fishery of previous years and the habits of the shoals appears to be desirable. The most wasteful fishery for herrings at present appears to be the catching of young fish of the O and I groups. Large quantities of young herrings are caught in the Moray Firth, the Firths of Tay and Forth, the coast of East Anglia, the Thames estuary and up to late years in the Wash. Those from the Firth of Forth after sorting, the small being thrown overboard, dead, are worth from 10s. to 15s. a cran. Barrels examined at North Shields and coming from the Firth of Forth contained varying numbers of fish at the end of the first and second year growth periods. A cran of the largest, at the end of the second year, would contain on a low estimate 5,000 herrings., In a year and a half these young would have joined the summer feeding shoals. Their increased size would have been sufficient to make the one cran into four, and their value would have been at least eight times greater. Herrings of this size and age are not of the best quality for canning purposes, and it would be interesting to know the numbers caught and the quantity used as food in this country. : Port and Date. 1919. STORNOWAY— 27th May 22nd July 23rd September LERWICK— 28th May 5th July 16th August WICK — 8th July 14th August PETERHEAD—- 19th June 29th July 20th August 9th September NORTH SHIELDS (Drif 24th July 6th August 27th August NORTH SHIELDS (Tra 26th September 8th October SCARBOROUGH— 12th August 11th September 25th September GREAT YARMOUTH— 6th November 20th November 1920. STORNOWAY-— 10th February 9th March LERWICK— 21st February ... 13th March PETERHEAD— 13th February 20th February FIRTH OF FORTH--- 22nd January ... 17th February 10th March it) a -— | 20 —- | 15 ae | BLY wled|)— 43 TABLE I.—AGE, WINTER RINGS (PERCENTAGES). 1 3 1 6 —— 30 (oN) (es) —| 8 = 2 eee 4 | 1 cs bw we wv bv me we bP te ou bo stb — ee oo to Ce bh i) — 21 “I 0 ow ns bo te > “bw be bo » | Co or aXOY {hog Gib) ai) 7 ata SS 6 33. || = Oz eleo? | a0 6 1 1 5h eee fas 2 1 1 12 |: 4| ae ae ek | ease hate | ee Tea a a — sp ey ee Sn poe Ee ay (ee 1 a cy ea ae eel 13 44 TABLE II. -MATURITY. STORNOWAY SAMPLES. ee Ay vielen es Rings. | 27/5/19 2 6 33 7 4 — 5 — 6 1 | 7and+ |]; — 14 22/7/19 1 1 Pan 67 3 Le, yaaa Bid ges 6 i ¢2nd | 81 23/9/19 2 8 3 4 4 as 5 = 6 ie 7and + — 1; 10/2/20 3 — 4 ie a 6 = 7 Pose? Sand + | -—— 9/3/20 2 lune 4 1 5 az € om 7and + — Me OEE) AW: | Ve. |) “Vas VET. | | 54 = = = a oh 46 ae — |) = a = 37 == a = = 52 = a = as 21° 1 ae a —_ = ———. ee Ee ee ee en eee ee 211 | ay he me = | 18 le (ies beat | eee 46 26 oe ee ae rea 6 27 1 | — a = 5 6 ee = ne 2 6 2 ae oe hee 1 6 = a as == — —|___ —_-|__-— 78 75 5 | = = _ 1 2 = aS = 4 7 6 1 = — | 37 1 1 —- | — — 49 —_ 1 sa _ = 36 a 1 1 _ — | 2 = ——_ a zs ee 15 9 11 ee a AG 5 18 92 | 3 sO ee = 10 20 | 14 72 ae = — Oe A Ta = = 11 20 a — — 11 25 Gi 3s = at 2 (Ee es) 5 28 75 73 L7 pad I, 3 = oe ee 1 ae 4 44 ye) rhe eae ime 1 8 5 | 41-9 = gat ty — 3 — = 3 | — se aye = = — | 2 Seal F 8 52 31 | 3 28 | 39 VII.-II. |Total. wm CO PO Ot Be TOINm ow o 45 TABLE II.—Continued. LERWICK SAMPLES. Total. ee ee) ae | ae, |v |v |. VE. | VIE: | VIL-M. Rings. 28/5/19 2 1 ee eed | een ee eee ol 2 = 3 9 TA oe eae, eae r= A lene Basce a 4 3 TY A ai ee | lag ID ls a 5 1 Dein [eee ile ae al ee uae 8 A = Camas 26a sh a = 7 ees 20 — — — Se = 3 eS id 1 - = el ee es) — 2 — et == _ =e 15 | 158 1 i eas ee eet ee = 5/7/19 2 1 ua hoes rie | al Men ae ee |) _ Sa | 16) 10. | 4 ee = 4) ace 1 16 13 2 1 a ae BPP edt 14 5 5 4 ee ob = 6 1 16 5 5 3 ee ee = Z — 22 10 6 4 =e a ps 8and + = 14 | 10 6 2 — — are 2M Be a Pa era je ema Om ees eee ye oe) SS Syma ia ee 4 ¢-—}]—) 1 1 Se 1 6 5 == — | 6 1 — — 2 10 6 —- jj) = 1 3 g|— 1 29 7 =) 5 4 pe ee 4 29 8 = 2 a = 2 40 m) = 1 1 — eae 2 19 — 3 18 | 9 Sl gee 16 145 21/2/20 3 ee ee ee 1 Bae A 4 — | — 2 5 10 Se _ 5 — }/— |] — 1 5 Ci a2 6 —}/—]{— 2 37 2AS3 4) = 7 —- | — | — 3 17 U7 1 = Sand + = = = = 5 6 = == — | — 2 11 74 63 1 — 13/3/20 3 =) Ss Sy) SS 1 1 = 4 = = a = — 10 23 5 5 ce Oe cel | |i ae am 1 6 — | — | — | — [| — 9 56 9 7 Ps, | Gea Pac (eect ans 3 | 37 2 Sand). — a — — ‘i 5 ii —;}—}]—}f,—] — 24 | 134 18 Winter | Rings. Date. 8/7/19 ke Lee 0 oO 6and + 14/8/19 9 46 TABLE II.- - Cuntinued. WICK SAMPLES. IV V; 7 = 8 1 iI — 2 1 8 2; 6 —_ 3 — 4 1 a il 20 Zz | VI. | VLL-II. Vik = 1 2 1 Total. Date 19/6/19 29/7/19 20/8/19 9/5/19 Winter Rings. | Ve CO LS 0 6 and + 6and + | 4 by 6and + | Jand + 47 TABLE I. —Continued,. PETERHEAD SAMPLES. it 1G a ae BAS 1 ona = —— — 48 i 1 = = BO ee te — 1 = ee a ee ee TET eee i | oe 54 48 12 = 10 2G 19 = 10 1 6 = en ee) ee — — 2 — Vale V1I.-I1. Total. -— — 8 — -- 89 — — 40 — — 18 -~ 6 25 = x 18 ae Bs 122 ae a 58 = Be 31 = 1 20 48 TABLE I1.— Continued. NOKTH COAST OF SUTHERLAND SAMPLES. Date. eae 1. | B. | i. | iv. | v..| VW. | Vin | vee 13/2/20 | 3 ee i ce ee ee | css As 2 | 4 cee ee ya ee 4 | 12 | 31 | — = 47 5 nee el ee ee 8 | Es 21 6 Pas ee = a i a Wa is mer = 52 Te | ee ee fe en Obes eee = 38 Sand + — -- — —- 4 12 -—— — 16 | = = 1 5 | ba | 191 1 42. hain 20/2/20 | 3 = 1 1 2 i = 5 | 4 ey ae 1 3 Ae) ae 5 a 26 5 ee Ne i ee pees 5 3 1 pte 9 | 6 =< yl Pee 1 | 2 | 39 | 29 ai 4 | 7 Be as eS We TS date de 1 41 Sand +- — — — — 2 4 2 — 8 = ae ee a ee a 2 ee Eee ee | = a 2 5 | 51 | 71 | 53 1. Wigs | i-_. 49 TABLE 11.— Continued. NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Drift). T; . Ree (ier, | my fav. | Wo) vie | vit, \Vviat. | tora | Rings. | | geabioee ee el ee pokes aes | etre 5 ee 24/7/19 | 2 20 | 17 | 10 1 [oh ee ee = 49 3 PaleeTOn \ienGe a7 Wee oe teen, [= Ge 4 9 4 Bie Meee eee ee = 21 horns. — 4 1 2 -- —_— — — 7 50 | 100 | 74 | 25 Te for ee 5. 59 6/8/19 2 Be prtsee ic hek yr | 38 3 stg 56 60 8 — | — - -- 141 | 4 6 | 22 3 ie a at 42 [> ‘5 2 11 4 1 —- = _- -~ 18 ‘Gand +| — 4 1 ya eae eee bie z 11 ae | 2 ee Pa SS Se ees SS ee —= | San alae ero eigen | | | == 1950 27/8/19 | 1 (9 ate ee ees ae nn ee ee = 1 2 26 | 45 | 52 Selle at |e ad |e ae aS fee8 7.| 32-1 259 2 oe = - |-102 4 2 7 Sie ee | ee x 14 band +-| — ss 3 3 2 Ss = a 8 36 | 84 | 119 7 oe a ee —= | 950 NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Trawled). 26/9/19 | 1 2 | aa irase ye eee | = _ 2 2 4 2 ie pena |) aes = 7 3 8 | 31 | 24 fi ena eee 4 = 68 4 eas seen mee en eS 9 a 62 5 as 9 | 2 Ro ee | es 2 — 39 6 SN by eo DATS EES 7 ok 4 = 42 7 AUN |) = 3 15 1 — — 3 — 22, Tee) G720e tgs | 150s je fn De — | 242 8/10/19 1 Al) a Meer pict fe ee = 2 z 6 3a, hee = = _ | 1 13 3 5 Pah) or ltigd e— g\, ee shore at 1 46 4 1 8 | 3 | 2] — f= 6 3 55 5 = oe ee ot eg 5 2 41 6and+| — Se sue i tue ee = | a7 5 72 14 | 22 | 126 | 16 | als 39 12 | 229 | TABLE II. —Continued. SCARBOROUGH SAMPLES. Winter Dat Binge wu. | m.'| tv. | Vv. | vu | va. | Vincneeteee | 12/8/19 2 10 g | 96° |e: ap aes ee a 72 3 1) 25 He secu aD eee (eae 4and + — 5 Tf 9 5 a | — — 26 11 | 28 | v2 | vo} 12) =) = — | 200 11/9/19 1 Se ale ee a ae = 3 2 Teas BCC AS. aie eee Es 83 3 1) We gs 1| =| — 7 — Viaes 4and + = ZF. 24 = — i -_- 49 Te Os A EIS ay 95< eee 8 —. oee 25/9/19 2 2G; LP aaneane eles trie = 19 3 eet mea, eee Lael ey Piao al ae =a 42 4 oy eee, | ee 1 Oem, Vers 1 ns 60 5 et Pg || ee (ee 3 | 52 1 ae 56 6and + oe — -— 1 4 60 3 — 68 A) ay | 2 | 12 | 226 | 5 | aE = GREAT YARMOUTH SAMPLES. 6/11/19 2 2 2 Tg a cee pee (A = 5 3 2 8. | a6 1) ye = 27 4 se 5 | 27 ae een 1 _ 35 5 = 7 | 32 6- die ee se 45 6 = 6 | 36 Zell ss 1 50 7 adern ee 3g | 32 a idl, Soe els ne ar 2 49 A eaaGge | date | cone eee nh ee 1 3 | 211 20/11/19| 2 i aol = 3 ee 1 12 3 a 8 3 | 14 | 52 4 1 85 4 a ee 4 2 Be il aae 1 = 30 5 oe Wa 1 2) ao: | 49 5 a 60 6 ey fee? 1 2 4 | 37 3 1 48 7 ae ea 2 4 30 M418 2 ae 32 Sandel ee a ee 1 ei i s 19 4 i 2 aie 4 ads be-50) | nee cee 3 | 2286 22/1/20 17/2/20 10/3/20 Large .. 10/3/20 Small ...) ~1 3) 4 5and + 5L TABLE II.—Continued. FIRTH OF FORTH SAMPLES. | 11 | 0 ae Pe | Vee We VE le Vie VAT.-1e i Dota: 1 ~ -- — -- - 1 1 — 1 _ ~- —- _ ~ 2 -- _ 12 4 — 1 — o 17 — | — 6 15 — — — 21 — | — 20 34 — -- —— — 54 _- 1 nat 41 1 — — = 54 — — | 12 32 — 1 — -- 45 — a 4 22 — _ - 26 2 1 66 | 148 1 2 — — 220 3 1 — = a= -- i a 4 2 4 | 57 2 = — if - 66 —- 1 |} 86 16 — 1 — _ 54 ~ se ae (1 — = — — 35 -— — | 20 23 Sas = SF = 43 — — | 13 20 1 — — -- 34 _- — /| ll 19 a — — _ 30 5 7 | 158 93 1 1 1 | = 266 — i 2 a — -- _ - 9 4 18 34 - — if — 3 70 — 4 23 14 2 26 3 13 85 — 2 3 1 os = — 7 13 | 4 31 62 15 2 34 3 | 23 ier) 23 — — - os _ | — -- 23 67 6 -- — - — -- 73 “= = 3 os _ — 3 — | -- 99 Date. 27/5/19 22/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 27/5/19 22/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 27/5/19 22/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 27/5/19 22/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 27/5/19 22/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 Winter Rings. 52 TABLE ITI.—-GROWTH. STORNOWAY SAMPLES.-—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. | | | romeo | | — pen eae elt alee [sedi pele |e | | | l rom | ger ent lire | wm oo ex | ar Fo) noth es a cenit es | | HE opr CO hm 0 Oe pay pes | = | lo | lrom |e CENTIMETRES. Hs AO de | 1 paEre, — 2 — 56) 10 za Al 8 Oe | W728) 154) 6| 6| 21 | 34 Pale oe eraleol Gal? |: Onl ats Cieouetsa a8 Gel 23 4 alekon a0t 8] 8| 12] 18 Th Stel one Fl =5 1 9 7) Gal a8 a) ees Tel ea es 1] oe) 5k 9 Sek VS il ad ae ry ie ty eed Us 2/ 51-6 ibe eA Pe het er, 4) 8 aout 2) i el 6 Ye Wn A We Nel eal 14 w | 18 Total. 53 TABLE ILf.—Continued. LERWICK SAMPLES. --FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Ti | ee ee a 5 6) 7 | 8 9 | 10.) | 121 19 | 44118 Ite: | 17 | 18 |orotal: Rings. | Bee Sf | | | a | a] ole) @) 2) el |) | as 5/7/19 3 S| a Eg (yee ee a nea ee eal | ee (cell 16/8/19 3 A ee FN eg ge oes i a ae fn | Os bi eer | ee yl Byles 21/2/20 4 Sy ea mo mamieegnni S(t galt iy lp 3. Lat ee eee ee eee 13/3/20 A —|—|—|—]| 3] 5; 38/10] 8} 6} 8} —|—|—]|—] 38 28/5/19 4 ee Nees Mer NG (eam hb bal 2-18 lect | sey et | ee 5/7/19 4 eae le enee tl: ipa toeel esl) ahh eel oo |e ae rs 16/8/19 4 Mee Gea ieee ee |e / eige | mete g| AS iyo. | ae Ses a 21/2/20 5 2 WPT | ee Ue 8 sa a oo | ee ee [eae 13/3/20 5 Sy pon ey ee ee ee es eee Wel as. 28/5/19 5 Pee eee ean lt so"\ ox oanio. heor lan Tees Be ee es 5/7/19 5 Beis PALS ioe Tole ark pelee yn | A OONe Pol eta ugk [boa nee 16/8/19 5 ere Cee oP cg lee fost al sees eee lee een 21/2/20 6 Been ee) eibes | ae Go: Ite | 16. | 13°) ob: 2) ee en 13/3/20 6 eee as We Ol cg elder | Was | 28 lied ae aac | eens ee ee 28/5/19 6 Ee OMe aE kG | ase A.W oe lh 4s (Ss | es, eee eee 5/7/19 6 Th ES sae ee me a ae Ps eigen! Sp 16/8/19 6 Pee ee er eng er erhe qo 1¥ eel ds og ie Sealab fee | ed | ee 21/2/20 7 eee eit eanh ett ot.) <6 | 1740p) Oe (eee ts a ee 13/3/20 7 Beer eT alt aloes eget G lheeBe lh omelets, || sel sO lee 7 (es em 28/5/19 7 Se. 6:0). 8 i Maced fata Wie Jag eee ar he al ayy) 5/7/19 7 —|—|] 1] 5} 9] 6] 6| 3} 8] 4;—|—|—|—|—] 4 16/8/19 7 ee eer ge | Ge toning | (6: | oo he Bel alee oc 20 eolt nen a 21/2/20 8 ey Peer (eel oe Oe ek leer realboeqie te lta CO |e sll = al ce ee 13/3/20 8 S| Ma PT nt a a Be) Neat er Ne ee 5 16/8/19 8 j—| 1] 1] 2) sf] 9} 7] s}—}|—| —|—|—|—-]| 47 | | | eM ondi | ibe | 8) oe tae |e 73) oa al 3 al) yl | ee a8 Peed a ol ge OG | 2 8 oe | 1d eos |e een pee 16/8/19 |9and+}—j|—| 1] 4/ 8/11!} 9] 6| 5} 3; —~|—|—|—|/—}] 42 | Date. 8/7/19 14/8/19 8/7/19 14/8/19 8/7/19 14/8/19 8/7/19 14/8/19 8/7/19 14/8/19 Winter Rings. on) 16 '6and + 6and + WICK SAMPLES.-—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. 54 TABLE III.— Continued. CENTIMETRES. OF POM eal te. Ol ae ew 17 | on bo to Nm bo 13 is) 16 ay) TABLE I11.—Continued. PETERHEAD SAMPLES.-—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Merce) Seo Sie 7 | S| 9110] 11, | 42) 13'| 14 | 15} 16°] 17 | tener Rings. 19/6/19 2 sD | ae || Pee bm as i eee eS rs ene hon FR fees ocd eee | gee 8 29/7/19 2 sae | a me | al (Ns A ad 2a A We Ma Pe | 20/8/19 2 Bee eee Wee SCM G NM ao a2 ee 9/9/19 2 SS Di hee Pai 1 ee ag sa gs Ou | ee eee 2S |) 13 19/6/19 3 Se Oat eto: reds | Ta TO Onl ayG ale ew ahaa || 29/7/19 3 ee Os | ie OO BO. | Boe ta. |) VOM be sia ea ned nell 20/8/19 3 Les 15h OO) eae) O01 TO) ba 3 oe a Be 9/9/19 3 sae ara Foe reg | oer es al rs A ge se | ee eg al Se 19/6/19 4 ele = ae | Orne cal 10" de) Sule ees b= ee 29/7/19 4 Seah a bh OS fe. ACT eSB) obits ee ee reas 20/8/19 4 Sl ae) Oot tet? | Gal Sh So 2 ee ee 9/9/19 4 ey ae ete ee) Be A Bp Bk od | ae a SS 19/6/19 5 ale a So a | ay | a) = be es 29/7/19 5 po EA | Tg me el Weg) eae me a Rg gs Ba ar Vg Pepe I 18 20/8/19 5 Tele, Bel) Piedin Go, Ms Wee Be al A ae ie eee 9/9/19 5 Deh a Pe Ee WO ee Oe A Se ee Pe 19/6/19 6 SS =e a 641 Sosa Lj 3 SF ee eel 29/7/19 6 EB) ease | ei UC teeta ae (ee |e | ae ane fee (fea me Fe | 9 20/8/19 6 eee abet l eet) Al GD [heeds We (Py be es See | 9/9/19 6 Se 2 2 OF 8. OA see i es ee 19/6/19 |7and + ee eet [Oe | A ee a) 7 29/7/19 | 7and + Se eS Pe od le PO See ly alee 9 20/8/19 | 7and tl — | — 3 2, 1 1); 2);—}—y—}—{]—}] — |] — 9 9/9/19 |7and +} i We Ack 8a) Bl a ISO ba Ol. IO: | ee ee TABLE III —Continued. NORTH COAST OF SUTHERLAND SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. 13/2/20 4 Sea ee pal ate Eel URSh On TR Gil eB fy —— 5 = tte eee eed 20/2/20 4 eee eee ek Ne ee COATS: ikea. | «Silos pul ay ea 13/2/20 5 Li 3) 1 2} 6]/ 1! 3! 83)/—{/—{|—{]—i—-} 21 20/2/20 5 ee pe ee pe Oe Ne Sek | ee ee ee 9 13/2/20 6 Seah ees | Sil hed feesl Peal Pma|/c gle) oie) Sse eee 20/2/20 6 Se ee PS le OG LOS done on le O: jeboe ie sb) Ties ee ee 13/2/20 i) eed 1 2); 5/11] 8} 5] 2) 1}/—|—{—|] 88 20/2/20 7 Sie de (ee alee td | 2] bel foe| 94 be ae) Se ee 12/2/20 |8and + == 31 4h oh Ot pt) Sy Lb — || S— | — | — | 20/2/20 |8and + ee eg eg ee ge | 2 Ss | | | | ars { | | ee ee a ee EEE eee 56 TABLE III.— Continued. NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Drift Net).—FIKST YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Wonton | | | Date lee nee | 5 ae 1g |e.) 9 |-aod an ae aa | 14 | 15, | diac pees | 18 | Total. Rings. | |, |---| |__| _ | _} | | _ 24/7/19 2 —/;=—}—!/ ¢/—| =| 6] @has | ¢| 5 a ae 6/8/19 2 —}|—}—};—]—j|-—] 4)11] 7]/14] 2}/—}|—]|]—]—] 3s 27/8/19 2 —|—|]—}] 8] 7| 4] 27/36} 28}18}| 2|—]|—]—j|-—|] 125 24/7/19 3 — fd ab ae SO | a7 esl og ee a pe | ak are 6/8/19 3 —|+— | 8/18] 30} 35-1] 30 (13: | 10:1 6 | =) 4 ee 27/8/19 3 14 1| 311713838) 26(/ 411 7) 1) Ol] (Sela ae Eee | | 24/7/19 4 —=(/—| £) 2) 85 3) 897) |=] |e eee 6/8/19 4 = |— | }-2) 10) 101121 3) 3) tes eee ae eee 27/8/19 4 —{=—/—] 1) 4] 6)/—|—|/—| 2)-1 | =) =e ee Parad 15 and --f— |—|\— | 1) 2) 8) |— (eee Sa eeae ee 7 eae \cand + Po |) ah}. £12) 3) 3) 34-3 0) ae |—| 29 Pie tom hong + | —— 4) —— | i 3 LEN ers 3 1 1)—}|—jJ—J|—]|= a | | | NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Trawled).—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. ' | } | | 26/9/19 2 —}|—|— —]—!--] 1] 2] 2] SS ee 7 &/10/19 2 ie as ere 1} Lj] 8) 2]-2) 2) 2] 1) —) 7) See 26/9/19 3 S|) £, 3) 6) 1249.) 12) 8) 6) 1) — | Se 8/10/19 3 —|—| 1° 5] 7] 7710) 5] 6/1] 3] 1 | — eee eeojtg) 4 | | 3) elie |i7| 9) 6) 2| 2) — | 8/10/19 4 81s LN Bo) Oy | sbG3|/ 1d.) OUT Bale wey Led | = | 26/9/19 5 —|}—)|}— 4/12} 8) 4; 4} 4|/—|—!—]—]—] 29 8/10/19 5 —}—| 1] 2] 7}10/)12) 4] 4)1—|—| 1 | — |= ae 26/9/19 6 ee 5/11/11) 6) 4] 2) 2] aS ee 8/10/19 6 —!—/]—] 2] B] 4] 3] 8] 2]}/—]|=|—|—|—]— Pea 26/9/19 7 —|—;—] 2] 2] 4) 4) 2/—);—/—}]—j;—]|—|—] 8/10/19 7 —{ 1/ 1} 5] 9] 114 6] 38] 2) 24 —| —) =] ] eee 26/9/19 |8and + | — | — | — 5 1|— 2)/—;}—}|—}]— | — | — | — 8 8/10/19 | 8and +| — | — | — 3 3 6 1 2 15 Date. 12/8/19 11/9/19 25/9/19 12/8/19 11/9/19 25/9/19 12/3/19 11/9/18 25/9,19 12/8/19 11/9/19 25/9/19 25/9/19 20/9/19 25/9/19 6/11/19 20/11/19 6/11/19 20/11/19 6/11/19 20/11/19 6/11/19 20/11/19 | 6/11/19 20/11/19 6/11/19 20/11/19 6/11/19 20/11/19 2 | Winter Rings. | mw Ww bP 4 4 Saud + 5and + e J 6 7 Band + | GREAT YARMOUTH SAMPLES.—¥IRST YEAR GROWTH. or ou Sand + Sand as 57 TABLE III.—Continued. SCARBOROUGH SAMPLES.—FIRST YEAR GROWTH. i — be bo b= DO » | rs bo foas OU he wm OD ~I CENTIMETRES. | s| 9/10 | vee Mig 21 5117 = (ee a3. (74) 10 37 | 31 | 10 7| 31] 10 i ame A Wa oe 74a) 7 S58 ga Pee él 5-4 7} 11 | 14 ES Be ib 16 | 8 ul, alia to WwW bo orn we pCR © 17 to or —_ (oo) orvsd 23 19 CENTIMETRES, Tree et 5| 6| 71 8| 9|}10111| 12] 13| 14 | 15 | 16] 17 | 18 | Total. Rings. 22/1/20 | 2 eee (ee eens ee ee ee De eee 17/2/20 | 2 a le|al-a|-ala|) ela | he ee eae 10/3/20 | 2 | fotyt a |) a) a) el) 3 ee ee 99/1/20 | 3 Boy Viens et a) ||| ole |e eae ee 17/2/20 | 3 —| al 4] sliaetiglie! 7| 5|—|— |= 10/3/20 | 3 —/—1—| 9) a2 }44) 15 )a2| 7) —1 a) 2 92/1/20 | 4 =o) 1) el) @} esl ile eS ee 17/2/20 | 4 -_-| 3| 3} 2/10! z7/a1| 9| 6| 3|— | —) 23 10/3/20 | 4 —| qa} el-7! olislioglal ¢| ¢| 2 == 29/1/20 | 5 ala) l 3) alg | woe) eee Se eee 17/2/20 | 5 11 2|—| 6lio| sliel—| alo lee eae 10/3/20 |5and + =| lL) 3| 4) 2! o| sla) Sa =a 22/1/20 | 6 ae 2! sligiaz| s| 1) 2] 11/1 =e 17/2/20 | 6 || i) 8] 91 elul s| 204). ee 22/1/20 | 7 —| 31 9! 6lagliae| 5) a4I—la l/l | oS ee 17/2/20 | 7 1'—| 3| 2] 6| 51 8| 7] ell lo See 22/1/20 | 8 3) 2l el 6lau| 4| 3! ¢|—l|— | eae ee 17/2/20 | 8 Dee (a tn 3! 1h3l1\/—l]_,2 2 Se 22/1/20 |9and + 1| o2| 6| 7) 3| 21 3) 41] tlle aS ee 17/2/20 |9and + =| ofiz| a4 1) 3 el el) le | ae ae 10/3/20 | 1 ale) ||] | sl 6) ol sll oS eee Small 2 —|—|e2| 6lasioe|acl| 6| 3) 1| 113) 3 —|—)—| 4|/—) ¢@)/ 2-1] |) |) ee ee 58 TABLE III.—Continued. FIRTH OF FORTH SAMPLES. —FIRST YEAR GROWTH. 59 TABLE III.— Continued. STORNOWAY SAMPLES.—SECOND YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. _s | | Date. | Coe 12 | 13! 14|15|16| 17] 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | Total. ave | i | | 27/5/19 2 Ey ee | ae el ag ee | rae free fae eres POs BN oa ier ote iy 6 22/7/19 2 }—|—}—|—|—|]—] 1] 8] 138] 26] 26);18| 2}—|—|] 89 23/9/19 | 2 P| | PA Se eg | ain ee ee a ee Pe lll oe! TS 10/2/20 | 3 le At a7 10r| eal ae 1 eres 9/3/20 3 ee eee eh ee). ED 1 at) 99) | 40. | 80. | Svea ee 27/5/19 3 ee ee eee ee eer Rol heal ee TO 4| 61 22/7/19 3 ee eer tae el od) As 16) LO.) 015. aoe | Oe eg 23/9/19 lees ae Ai Re eS) eel | TOL | iGal 8) | Salen (em eme 10/2/20 4 Se ee oe eel NLD NG | TS 1 30h Or ho O) Jeeta en 9/3/20 | 4 Ni he aro 7. | 07 | AD Qo ee ee ee 27/5/19 | 4 ee ata | I a AS 7) Seg 1G. | ah er eae |e nee 22/7/19. | 4 eet Sie Shh Se |e ase et Bel) SRA) De | Oe 8 eee 23/9/19 | 4 BR ats | al Dal Ost = be aD, | a4 Oy OA) ee eee eh 10/2/20 5 ee rs On a a OG ae Fe oa as Ug eee ee | oy 9/3/20 5 SN ee idee eta aaa | le eR xe ea eft | ae | eer |e 27/5/19 5 ee re ete. Di), Se Ul. eres ale ede he | en 22/7/19 5 SE a eel ay (et 7 Wm a a fa a eR |) 23/9/19 | 5 Dey Ae 6 Sal LB | 6.) 9 4 le — | ee ae 10/2/20 | 6 Nee al On Nee ash | fi | Be | he | Oo eee ee 9/3/20 6 see ee od 05 yt ee tia be or | ae ad ae ga OY Di er Se ef | fy) 27/5/19 6 cea lh de me LOO. Ie TOT cSt 1h ee ee eee en 29/7/19 | 6 Eo) AS Ns Ma et ae hSDN A Serio Rabe | ee ee ta 23/9/19 | 6 Paeerie eS clt ose le i ee |e Oe mre pc tlie ee eel (eo 10/2/20 7 ees Meee ieee hot aoe] Ge ILO: las} yi = al ny 9/3/20 7 geen et a Seo oni gy i oe Segall | eee an CENTIMETRES. Wint | Date. | pines | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 28 | 24 | 25 | 26 | Total 28/5/19 3 —|—|{—|—|—| 2] 2] 6] 5] 8] 9}/— al ees 5/7/19 3 —{—};—;—]—| 1] 6| 6] 9} 5| 3] 2 —|— | 938 16/8/19 3 oa | Se ee SH oO KH eee eee 21/2/20 4 —/—] 2] 1)/—| 5] 2|—1| 31.7) 2) 2) ee 13 3/20 4 —|—{]—|—| 1} 2] 3] 6/10) 6| 5] 2 — --| 38 pajsjio | 4 | —|—|—)—} 2} 4] 4| 8] 2| 5| 4|—) eee 5/7/19 4 —|—] 1] 1] 2] 4] 5/42] 3/ 2| 2) 1 | —\ ee 16/8/19 4 (7s) ay} 4) ] 1) 2) 2) | 21/2/20 5 Sf) Relay by 2) 2 8 el nl ees 13/3/20 5 —|—|/—j|—f—] 1] 3] 2) 2] 1] 2] 1) 2) eee 28/5/19 5 1] 1)/—| 2] 3] 5| 1) 8| 4) 2) 4|—4) eee 5/7/19 5 —| 1)—] 3] Bj-4| 7| 2) 8|—|—) 4) ee 16/8/19 5 =|=|—}-=-] 3) 6)-6] 1) 1) 2) |) a 21/2/20 6 —|—|] 1]—} 4) 19911] 1b) | 7) 7) He eee 13/3/20 6 —|-—|—|=]| 4] 5] 9| 12] 20| 11] 12| 1| =|) =e 28/5/19 6 -- 4| 3] 41]! 5] 2] 2) 1]/—|;—|—|—|—= a 5/7/19 6 —|—| 3|/-4| 6] 4] 8] 6] 2] 2|—|—|—) =) — ieee 16/8/19 6 —| 2] 2] 2] 2) 9) 11 8| 83) 3) 4)—|—) =e 21/2/20 7 —|—|—}| 8|—] 6] 3] 6| 7| 6| 6| 1) —)| 3) ee 13/3/20 7 —|{—| 2] 1} 1} 64 6] 4|10) 6| 3| 2) 1) ee We | 28/5/19 7 —!—]|/ 2! 8] 4! 5) 4) 1|—)| 1)—)—|=] eee 5/7/19 7 —|—j| 4] 5].5] 4] 8| 6| 7] 2] 1)}—|—| =| ie 16/8/19 7 —| 21-3] 3] 4/10] 9} 8) 3] f)] 1) — |) eee 21/2/20 8 —|—~—|]—|*2| 2/—| 1| 3|—|—])—|—|— eee 13/3/20 | _ 8 —{—|—| 1]/—|] 1] 2] 1|/—|—|—|—|—| =e | 16/8/19 8 2) 1) 2] 8/10] 4/12) 7) 4| 2|—|—|)—) See ee | | 28/5/19 |Sand+j 1| 1| 6| 3) 9| 8) 6| 3}~—] 1) —| =| = eee 5/7/19 Sand + |— 2 3 8 2 7 5 5}—}]—}—}—) ae] | — 32 aeysfto | Gand +). — | 2) 12) 3) 7) 4b) 40) 3). 4 — ee | --| 42 LERWICK SAMPLES.—SECOND YEAR GROWTH. 60 TABLE IIJ.—Continued. 61 TABLE III. --Cuntinued. WICK SAMPLES. --SECOND YEAR GROWTH CENTIMETRES. = el a | 13} 14115] 16/17] 18] 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26] Total. Rings. | 8/7/19 2 a ee ee ee ee) os Oo.) orl ps | a2 ee 14/8/19 2 ee eee ee) S2'| fou) Sa 3.) Sf al fs fe et 8/7/19 3 2 S| 8 17 | 871 86 Wee] 9.) os) 2h a) | eae 14/8/19 3 —{ 2] 1] 1/11/16) 24] 7]/13}/11}—]—|]—}]—|—]| 86 8/7/19 4 1) 1} 4| 3] 7/19/11] 12| 9] —| -/—|—|—|—]| 6 14/8/19 4 Pianos. ho mloseet Gi) Sal ot ph eet ai |) eee 8/7/19 5 ee tee ee ae ae.) CE) ae |, ee ee ee 14/8/19 5 Se a sd) a al ee aeiieand | —|—|—| 3) 2) 3| 2] 1| 2./=)—|al—|—|—) 2 Merge eand | 1| +) 3| 81 2) 2) 21 2] a] 1)—)—}—)— |= ze CENTIMETRES. Date ie 12113114 /15]|16117)|18| 19 | 20| 21 | 22 | 93 | 24 | 25 | 26! Total. 19/6/19 2 Aes (See |e Aes Nee oe NY bod er lags | _~ |) Se aime 29/7/19 2 =}—|=)|]—|/—|—|—] 1) 2) 8) o) 3) eee 20/8/19 2 —|—|—|2j1—l— | 11 3) 6) 6a eS SS ee 9/9/19 2 a f—l=)esls3l.2) @l]—l_{l a) 1. ae See 19/6/19 3 l=} 1| 3114147119} 18 | 19) 4|.2) = eS ee 29/7/19 3 —|=.fh 1] 8|16] 24| 26114] 15/17) 7| 3) =) eee 20/8/19 3 —}—' 4] 71121 23 | 30} 251138) 7) 2) =] |) See 9/9/19 3 EEN SR ig es Be ad ey lee cal i fie ene ol =| ee 19/6/19 4 —|41!/ abel 5li0! 6| 6] 2] 1) jee See 29/7/19 4 —|i41—~| 6! 7] 8| 7/]10) 6] 8| 3| 2) 2 —=ea 20/8/19 4 —| 3] 2] 6] 9/17] 7| 3] 4] 2] 5|—|—}|—|]—] 88 9/9/19 4 —|—j|aj—] 4] i} 4] 5)13] 4|.3) 3) =e 19/6/19 5 See) Pet ae] De ean ae elt eet ecto avs gle a. | ee 29/7/19 5 —| 14) at—/ at vl—| el 4) sh) 2a eS ae 20/8/19 5 —} 3| a2] al-6l 4] 21411) 1) 6) a] =] =a 9/9/19 5 rj—1—l|/—ft sl rihsl1)11 4|—|) oh aS eee 19/6/19 6 —j|—|a4/ $s] 2] 6| 31 214) 2)— 22a 29/7/19 6 aljelele| 3¢l1i|-e9l al all) age eee 20/8/19 6 —| rtd 6) atl Ble |= |S ESE eS eee 9/9/19 6 —|—|/=/ 3] 2| 2) 5| 6) 4|/—) 9) =e qjea9 \vand+-|—|— | 1) a| 3) 1)—|—11|—|S = eae e979 \7and + |—}—~—|— |} 1|‘1| 1| 2| 3) 2)—l=|— eS eS eee 20/8/19 |7and+|—|{—]| 1] 2} 2] 1/ 1] 2}—]|—]—|—}|—|—]—] 9 99/19 |7andae—|—| 3) 83| 4] 2417/7) 3) 4) 6) eS =e 62 TABLE I1].—-Ccntinued. PETERHEAD SAMPLES.—SECOND YEAR GROWTH. ———————<<<—<_ CENTIMETRES, Winter ; : , x fo Date. ; AOI 2 Ass Pa ea Gr | 7 S19") QO ZT | 22" |-23") 24a 2b eG ogre Rings. 13/2/30 4 —}—|—)|]— i 3 2, 6 Cee 2 5 1};/—)|;— 47 20/2/20 4 —|}—)|)—)j—)} — al iL 2 6 6 7 3/—|;—!|— 26 13/2/20 5 —|— 1 2)|— 3) 4 | -— 5 2 4}/—|}—]—]— 21 20/2/20 5 —|—|—|}—-|— 1/— 1 2, 1 2 i —}|-— 9 13/2/20 6 —}—|—|— 3 a 8 LOS el 2}/;—}—|]— 52 20/2/20 6 —|—|— il 3 rs) Sol Gs La | e274 | eZ 7 3/—|]— 94 13/2/20 7 —|— 1 2/— 3 9 6 i vf 1 2;—}—|]— 38 20/2/20 7 — | — 1 1 1 2 4 Tai ali 8 2 2);—};—|— 41 13/2/20 |Sand+ | — 2 al 6 1/— 2, if 1} — 1 1)/—)|)—-—)— 16 20/2/20 |8and + 1;—|— 1);—|—J]— 1 3) — 2);—;}—}|]—j— 8 NORTH COAST OF SUTHERLAND SAMPLES.—SECOND YEAR GROWTH. 63 TABLE III.—Continued. 64 TABLE III.—-Continucd. NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Drift Net)—SECOND YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. rs | Date. | Wmter | yo | a3 | 14] 15 | 16] 17] 18] 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 28 | o4 | 25/26 Total Rings. 24/7/19 2 —|—|--|—}—| 2] 2) 6) 15419) 21-2) 6/8/19 2 —}/—|—/—]—!|—}]—] 5/10/16} 7}/—}—}]— | — | 38 27/8/19 2 —}|—|]—|]—|]—] 6] 21} 32] 31) 29} 6} —}| —]— | — | 125 24/7/19 3 —|—]| 5 | 18 | 85 | 481.841 96 | 12) 4) 1 | — |] —ee | -— | 173 6/8/19 3 —|—] 8] 9| 2 | 32] 29] 27;13} 4] 1} —|} —{|—!/—/] 141 27/8/19 3 —| 4| 9] 16)99) 46/14) 71-6) =) 0 2 ae | 24/7/19 | 4 ee rig eaten rat ilient | outshine 2 1)—) =) =e 6/3/19 4 —|—|=1"5! 9! 4| 7) 8! 7) 2) 1) =] See 27/8/19 4 a} a] 4])/—] 5] a] 1] 1] 1] 1] 1|—|—) =e 24/7/19 |S5and+}/—j}|—]}] 3/—] 2}/ 1;,—]} 1} —}]—}—}—J—]— | - Z 6/8/19 |5and+/ 1{/ 1] 4] 2] 7] 7] 3] 2] 83}/—}—]—|]—j]—; —] 29 Paes sand) -— 4 1 || elit} -2 oe ee ee pee ee ce | meee NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Trawled) —SECOND YEAR GROWTH | 26/9/19 2 ae || = ae fe a Pe all 8 7 8/10/19 2 —}|—;]—}—] 2] 1] 8] 2] 2) 8} —;—} —}]—]— | 13 26/9/19 3 =| —} Li — | SB) AO AS | a4 19 | 2 8/10/19 3 —| 1] 2] 3) 7) 7110! 4) 6| 5) 2) =| |e | 26/9/19 4 (—] 1] 2] 2] 8] 11)17)18}-7|] 1) —|—|—+=])] Be 8/10/19 4 j=—4-2)]-5) 64 5) 8) 8) 1) Wo 3) — |e 26/9/19 | 5 |—| 1{—| 1] 7] 6| 8] 7] 7] 1] 1] —}/—|—]—!} 39 8/10/19 BP a S| 6 AS a) a ne | — | | 26/9/19 6 {~—|] 1] 2) 3)10)11| 7} 4)-2) 2) —|—) =) 8/10/19 6 — i oe ee a a ie ee —|— —}|]—)|—); 17 } | | 26/9/19 : —|/—| 1/-3] 2] 3) 4) 1)—)—1|—)—| Se 8/10/19 v4 P|] 1) 6] 6]°9) 7) 5) 83) 2) 3) —| —) ee zoe Sand +) 2) 1) 2) 1) 1) —}.4) 2) |=) — 8 8/10/19 |8and+}]—j] 1] 1] 1] 6; 2] 8] 1}/—]/—}]—]—|};—|]—|—] 6 | { | 65 TABLE IIL.-—Continued. SCARBOROUGH SAMPLES.—SECOND YEAR GROWTH. - CENTIMETRES. a a | wi Date. | eae 12] 13 | 14115 | 16117] 18119] 201 21 | 22} 93 | 24/23] 26] Total | : 12/8/19 2 i at | Do) AT O4e gl or och a | eo 11/9/19 2 ane Pei de S| et | SR oot lt Seer) ea toe sal |e ees 25/9/19 2 ee eee Oy eee Pe ng 12/3/19 | 3 militias (rece 20) | 20) seme pon hese tamer pen ee net 11/9/19 3 —}| 2] 10/18/35] 22/15}10) 2) 1/—-|—|]—|—|—] 11 95/9/19 | 3 mete es Peal ae hah Ya Ga | 250 |e Gale ea eee 2 12/8/19 4 ty OF Cee afar ogg cae (ge a Lesa (a eee eo RL | ge 11/9/19 4 ee ete | atest n Pleeee ie oSe) ct | Pee | eget qe pee eee ee eee ee 25/9/19 4 eS eet ea tee! Or | 2 | 20") 7.1 | Sra ee ee ee | | 12/8/19 |5and + | — | — 1 4 | L |) =) =e | 7 11/9/19 |hand+}]—|]—| 3] 3] 1] 6 Beh NT lee eee eee 25/9/19 | 5 male aloo eae ere) 26h Ad, | veh: has VSG | a a |e A ee ee | 25/9/19 6 2 8 ot Ne 2 Nein Wace a ls Ns a a Mp pe Un ee ee ey 25/9/19 7 Mes ered le | DY ay Oo eee eee 25/9/19 |Sand + | — Ps) Pps Cy Ry eb) rl eS pS | || = ae | } | GREAT YARMOUTH SAMPLES.--SECOND YEAR GROWTH. a? | 6/11/19 2 ce cen i ey es kD ed le ae (EY 5 20/11/19| 2 a pes ee A MG en oreo i ame a 9 fem Mem me ee |) 6/11/19 3 oy ae ae So Ae be | Oper ee ee 20/11/19| 3 ler alete| 20. (KOU Ori Ge ob: lot) ee hee | eee? (Rede gE 6/11/19 4 ee et eBele oe le sOule oe ee 7 1b Se a s5 20/11/19| 4 Sh UME OE I RAS ees (Oe) eae ie Ol) Oe erp | cen | ees |e eee 6/11/19 5 Seo ea 5 | 12] 0h 28 Olea s |= | a | ee ea 20/11/19| 5 Regi cele 1 OY |i” aed Pez | eee || 2h (=| pee os ee Oy 6/11/19 6 Ge SOF 7 Pete Se yee be de i ee 20/11/19] 6 SS 2h aol at (pite| Shes Tames Fr We (ees vee ee | se ae Oy I: 6/11/19 7 cate Ard he Slee Pe (a rere ee ee | ee 20/11/19| 7 San ees em ut feat Witty ep eee ne |e fer ee hee |e enon Sani et | 2 ie Gil S| Fl eel eh Pj —) ta) — | 1 og erode ht )e te | itt Of Geant ft |) | —— | = | — | — 1) = Pe 66 TABLE III —Continued. FIRTH OF FORTH SAMPLES —SECOND YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. | | : Date. ee 12 | 13.) 14] 15 | 16 | 17 | 18] 19] 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26] Total AR (I Davee aI eee C(O | er ail Pes a Je | | | 22/5/20 2 — —) —}|—}J—)—f—}—}—-} 1;—}—}—}—!—} 1 17/2/20 | 2 —|—|—}]—|—|—].1] 1) —] 2+—)| = || Se 10/3/20 2 Se libel eieet pepe = | | | 5 22/1/20 3 —}—|—]—}—] 2}—]-|—|—]--|-|—-|—]=—] 2 17/2/20 3 -—|—,—]—] 1] 1] 9] 9! 20 | 13} 6] 2|}—]—|]—-]| 66 10/3/30 3 —}—;—]—]| 8) 1) 8] 10} 20) 11/10) 2) 22/1/20 4 Se ee a | 8 ee) 6) | a ee 17/2/20 4 —| 2] 4| 242]. 4} 5) 8} 14 | 10% 49) 3°) eee 10/3/20 4 — |} 4]/.391 5| 71 8] ar) 19) 14) £) 217 ee | | 22/1/20 5 ele eth S2e| 8h Bs) 34 aa ee rr | 21 17/2/20 5 —4i | @| 24-9) 3) 8108] 7) 6) a= =e 1/3/20 Woand 75). fe) a ee hae! Z Bf 2) = | | eee oe ae 22/1/20 6 —} 1; 2] 81 9] BSL-6!] 8]4a5| 5|—| —| = fee 17/2/20 6 = | St a Py 6111 12) 9.) 2) ee | AR | 22/1/20 7 —| 443/10) 7] 7) 61 6) 8) 3.) — 2 ee 17/2/20 7 = | —| 1) 21) 4) 31 4] 8$)10) 3) == | a 22/1/ S* Dh SO 8| Wes 1413) 97) 97) 2) == 17/2/20 8 — = : =P ae 3) 8) 381.2) =| =|) =] eo See 22/1/20 |9and+| 1] 4) 4] 6| 6| 2}/--|—] 1] 1].1}—]—]—|—] 26 17/2/20 |9and+{ 1) 1: 1/—|—]—] 1] 1] 6|—|—|—]|—|]—|]—-]| 1 10/3/20 2 — | 1| 4| 8|16|17| 9] 9| 6| 2] 1| —) ==) eS5es ae Small 3 = | a kes tne 1}/—]| 2}/—}—|—;|—}—]—]—]—-]| 3 | 4 * 1 under 11 cm. 67 TABLE III.—Continued. Date. 27/5/19 22/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 27/5/19 22/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 ZL/5/19 2219 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 7/5/19 2/7/19 23/9/19 10/2/20 9/3/20 2, 2, 10/2/20 9/3/20 —— Winter Rings. mime WwW Ww Oru He He He ve ors TIS DD D So ON Ow STORNOWAY SAMPLES.--THIRD YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. 17/18 | 19 | 20| 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26-| 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | Se ae er ee ie Sse) os > ee Hat P27 Osho 23 fs") Go) Gare Oe a —|—|]—!—]—! 5) 8/12/33] 8] 5] 4)/—]— - oi ee las ae eo eo 8 Ay gee —{|—/—!}—|]—] 1] 5/14] 21] 9} 2 H | | eee ee te) Ost 0 Ga aac le ee —{|—-| 2/—]} 1] 3] 12/12) 38] 3/—/—|/—/}— =—|—j—| 8] 6] 5] 17) 13) 8] —/—|—|—)|— oes a Ame a Me ee ef Se he le eat 2s a ee ee ee ete) oe. ie Oe aah Secale fe a a) a Be | Ba Se 2a ce oe ie eee eee eg 2 fe fe ee | —/|—}—|—] 1}/—} 4/10] 9} 6; 2}—;—|— Sh Reed ce Fa) me <2 i Oe eet Th Gl 25) 16° Sse ee ee ee hea) —=|—| @) 1] 7) 3] 4) 9) 2)—/—]S]]/—7= eo a PCD eo 18) gal 2 2 | i en eo) eM es ley el | | | | | | ieee i ees ie 5|— | — —}—/—|—|/—|— | 1h} Gh S136 152 e1a | Soe | | | es Ww bo Ge tO ee OD aI ow Date. 28/5/19 5/7/19 16/8/19 21/2/20 13/3/20 28/5/19 5/7/19 16/8/19 21/2/20 13/3/20 28/5/19 5/7/19 16/8/19 21/2/20 13/3/30 28/5/19 5/7/19 16/8/19 21/2/20 13/3/20 28/5/19 5/7/19 16/8/19 21/2/20 13/3/20 16/8/19 28/5/19 5/7/19 16/8/19 Winter Rings. nooaonnra sn 8and + 8and + 9Qand + 68 TABLE ITI.@Continued. LERWICK SAMPLES.—THIRD YEAR GROWTH GQ = CENTIMETRES. oe Nee) — at ee en en | ad Nemee) poets Ne aay nn | Sh ee | coals fi | A as ae a} == — — 9 — toyed. beds ee [ees Oo es | See wee Tike |, 512 =a 81 or AN ae tO A SS eS aes ae Vee Gi lie a) a2 ee eA ea) -8 aleera eS Beheit |e 7 1 3| 8s | 12] 10 sls Meese ode Pat. Dol py Vie Se fee ep Biles | 0G 75 Ril Gh Ole ob 4|/12]12| 6 * 1] under 16 cm OrrHon onwmeoe a oe nore onwns won wre ar wo | te oa | pe JT s7 Ore hb red anche 26 27 28 29 30 Total. wrt 4; 2, on Aenea 69 TABLE III.—Continued. NORTH COAST OF SUTHERLAND SAMPLES.—THIRD YEAR GROWTH, CENTIMETRES. ; Winter t ne s ; Date. Things See ZO 2hle22emes | Oto 26a 27 28) | 28a SOnlmnotals 13/2/20 4 —}— | — | — | — | — 2. LOM ELON eee 7)/-—-—|— 47 20/2/20 4 —}—}]— Jf —} --} — |} — Ye || a 4 3 | —|--- 26 13/2/20 5 —}—}—|— 1 2 2 3 3 6 2D 2|—|-— ZA 20/2/20 5 — | — | — | — | — | — | —] 2: 4 1 2);—}|}— 9 13/2/20 6 — | — | — | — | -- 2, OF LOR LZ ers 5 1;/—|— 52 20/2/20 6 — | — | — |] — il S10) Weis) (e280 le LEE eS 5|—|— 94 12/2/20 i — | —)|— 1)— 3 7% | 13 8) 4 1)>—|)—)|— 38 20/2/20 7 — | — | — | — 2 4 5 9 | 15 4 2);—|]—]|- 41 13/2/20 |8and +] — | — | — 4 2 1 4 1 2 1 | — 1);—|]— 16 20/2/20 |8and +] — 1)}/—J]—/]—|— A 1 2 1 1};—/]—j|j-—- 8 PETERHEAD SAMPLES.—THIRD YEAR GROWTH. | 19/6/19 3 —|/—|—: 1 | 18 | 33} 25/] 10) 1} 11] — | —|—]—| 89 29/7/19 3 — | — | — 24) 9 | 28 | 42°) 227) 17 | 94 2 | — | i eige 20/8/19 3 — | — |—': 3 ).21 | 261 43).18/ 8| 2) 2} —|— |=} tz 9/9/19 3 ee eterna | Sch Di ee Oe pre Ie ene 19/6/19 4 eye one ne | Sch. Qed | 29/7/19 4 — —i 2| 9] 5] 21/10]; 7} 4} 1}/—|—|—] 60 20/8/19 4 = Nader 6 | 14/44 | 8) 6) 6) Lb) — )—" =| ee 9/9/19 4 a ee es i i a ls leet fe 19/6/19 5 —|—! 3: 1] 4] 6] 3} 1/—|—/|—|—/—]|—] 18 29/7/19 5 —|—] 1; 2} 3|/—/.6| 8} 3}—|}—/—|—|—}] 18 20/8/19 5 —| 1] 4: 6] 6] 2] 4); 6] 2}/—}]—;—|—|—] & 9/9/19 5 |e aa fee ta ae SANS pe 8 a OE ee ee 19/6/19 6 —}| 1}/—: 8] 6] 4] 4/—}]—;}—];—|/—]—|]—] 18 29/7/19 6 —}/—|—i 1] 1) 4] 2) 1)—J]—) 1) —)—]— 9 20/8/19 6 —{/—/] 1:1] 6;/—}] 83}/—}]—/—}]—|—]—|—-] 11 9/9/19 6 eee ee Sit AS le (St tl ee | aes 19/6/19 |7and+)— | — }] — Z 4 a |) | | | 7 29/7/19 |7and+/—|—|/—:—]| 2] 1] 1] 4)/—/]—] 1/—]|—-—J]—- 9 POSS \Zand-—- | —|—j}—i{ 1) 1] 6) 1|/—|—}—}—!-—)|—-|—- 9 9/9/19 |7and+|—}—| 4 | 1/ 4] 8/11} 8] 4] 1/—]—]|—]—] 41 Date. 8/7/19 14/8/19 8/7/19 14/8/19 3/7/19 14/8/19 8/7/19 11/8/19 24/7/19 6/8/19 27/8/19 24/7/19 6/8/19 27/8/19 24/7/19 6/8/19 27/8/19 26/9/19 8/10/19 26/9/19 2/10/19 26/9/19 8/10/19 26/9/19 8/10/19 26/9/19 8/10/19 26/9/19 8/10/19 70: TABLE 111.-—Continued. WICK SAMPLES.—THIRD YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. | Winter 3 | ee 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 1.200 SO nia iaetame | Rings. | | a | Megas] lo Wee |. (Pea Me alvs Gap eee ban nn q 4 3 eae he | 2 (eee OS ahead 5] 83|—|—|—|—1] 148 . 3 —|—] 2] 8/10] 18] 29/15! 3] 1}/—}|—|—]—|] 86 : 4 2 a 5 is) 24 ate 2) = =) =) Se | 4 sth er ce a | me ga ez ae fee TE oe ees 5 —j}—|]—| 8]/12} 7}—;—|—}]—|/—|—|—|]—]| 2 | 5 — 2) 2) 6) Bf | 2) || | | | Peer ie) ee raed |—|—|—|—|—|—} #2 6and+] 2] 1|—]| 8 | 6; 8/ 3] 1/°-1}/—|—]—|—|—L 2 NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Drift Net). THIRD YEAR GROWTH. | | ) | | 3 =] —'}— | 3436 | 59 | 40-26) 7 | 2 | eee 3 0 244 0) be) ee 3 —j|—| 5] 12] 30) 33|].9]11} 1) 1|—|]—]|—|—| 202 4 —|—j] 2}/—] 2! 3] 6] 2) 4|—/|—| 2) =) ae 4 —|— 2} 11 | 10 10 7) 2) | 7 hee ell 42 4 mf DY By | BP ee Be Va a Sand + 1\-t) to) oe be =| = ee pend + | 4) — |) 1) 8) 5 | 9) 4) 4) 4 | es band +} —}] 1})—)| — | 4) 2/—] 12] 1}/—}—|—l/— [= 8 | NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (frawled)— THIRD YEAR GROWTH. 3 —|—/=—| 1) 3] 16) 27 ie) 8) 1 |= ea 3 —j—| 2] 1} &] 9/14] 9} 1] 1] 1)—{|—|—] 4s 4 —|—]| 1] 5] 9]15|25} 3} 4/—|/—|]—|—]—| ® 4 —|—|—}12] 7/13/15] 7] 1)—|—|—|— |e 5 1})—/|=—] 1) 7) 9)48) 8) — |] ) S| = See b —|/—|—); 4] 8/19] 7} 8}—;/—|—|]=—]—]|--] 4 6 — 1} 3] G6] 11] 414] 4] 2)'1)/—j|}—|—/}=}]]7 2 [ 6 —} 1} 2] 1) 7} 4)/—] 2/—}]—}—]—]—]—} 17 . j 7 —|—| 1] 5] 1] 8] 8] 1/—J;—]—]—]—|—] 4 ; 7 —| 2] 3] 8/10}10} 4] 83};—|—|—/—]|—j|—] 40 ,owids |) — | 3 1 3 | — 1p SS SS 8 Sand+}/—] 1}/—]|] 4] 2] 4] 4/—;/—}]—]—|—|—|]—]|{ 6 SCARBOROUGH SAMPLES.—THIRD YEAR GROWTH. =~ _— TABLE III -—Centinued. CENTIMETRES. | winter | lesa om Re: Roe heat Date. 117] 18|19| 20 21] 22] 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30] Total. | Rings. | : | cy i ane eee (Can man ia (perms ea | oat | 12/8/19 3 —|—| 1] 7} 25] 33}19|12/ 5|/—}|—|—]|—]—| 102 11/9/19 3 Sr ein aia eg a a ead eee ls 25/9/19 3 Sh Et eee Pelagic Oe lua ys |) Mans Need ait ae | 42 eee ee et) ar | 1 | 24 a) 3 |G) dele ee eh | eae 11/9/19 4 —|—|]-—-/] 1} 3! 7] 5{/ 8/—}] 1] —}/—]—]—} 2 25/9/19 4 ee || SE eh Sn la Ua Bg) (nse fo) 60) | | Paeemocrd | i Sele kd | | 2p) 7 11/9/19 j5and+)—j} 1] 1] 2; 8; 7] 6} 2) 2}/—}|—|—|]—]—] 24 25/9/19 | 5 1/—/—J| 2 10/19|20} 2} 2}—|—j|—/—j]|-—] 56 | | | 25/9/19 6 —/—/]} 1] 6; 3] 5) 1] 2} 1}/—|]—}|—]—]--] 19 | | 25/9/19 7 ee ee be eyo) Ate ee Blea a ee chee | | Po19-|Sand | — | 21 2) 4) 1) 4 i a] ag ee a ee eee ee ey GREAT YARMOUTH SAMPLES.—THIRD YEAR GROWTH. | | 6/11/19 | 3 eee SD WG.) S| ty Sy) ee 90/11/19} 3 | eel O81 304 21 & eek), = 6/11/19 al Soe yes TOA ge | ee | 35 20/11/19 4 ee ek Ton Gal bol) de | ee 6/11/19 5 ee oat aD, on Wr eset tye |e | 45 20/11/19) 5 eta ld jalo te 20el 8 | Se ha Se rod 6/11/19 6 ae Baha OPA lene Oo alee a alle ec he ea eee 20/11/19 6 —Sameere eer r te TG LLG! | eas: (Lee | pe ey eee | ee ers 6/11/19 7 S| RTE VE Rey) Mayol | ia tee || eee Pee Nara epee eae 20/11/19 7 ue Peers lites Tepe eae fet ae | een eee eee et 6/11/19 *|8and +|— | 1] 5| 7] 6|—]| 2/—-|—;—|—|—|—|—|] 23 Preemie tate ne) GN 5h eee | fe | ee * 2 under 16 cm. 12 TABLE IIL1.— Continued. FIRTH OF FORTH SAMPLES.—THIRD YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. rT | | | I Date. | Winter) a7 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27] 28 | 29. 80| Total. Rings. | | —_—__— = | a | | | 22/1/20 2 sha es 2, Seopa wi fal = —{t. | | ee 17/2/20 3 Ey ee eee a eee em se ee | = "ines 10/3/20 3 —|—|—|—] 2] 6] 18] 22/11} 10) 4] 1) a) —) ww 22/1/20 | - 4 a ee en es ee ee ee eS 17/2/20 | 4 —|/—4,=—]| 1) 3/ 4) °5) 8) 15) 9) 8) ee 10/3/20 4 —!=|2-) 2),5) 4| 7) 18 | 24) 18 | -6 | ==) 22/1/20 5 —1—{—{ a] i} il 6) 5/ 41 2) 4 =) See 17/2/20 5 —'}--| 1) 2] 3] 21 81101 61 3) — (ea See 10/3/20 |5and +} —|—| 1|—j| 1] 1] 6}.4;/—|/—|;—|—|/—|—]| 8B | 22/1/20 6 er | el omg) Seon 0s) 147 ad 2 || eee eee 17/2/20 6 SSS ae ate | 1i¢6|/10| 2)—| 1) =— ee | | | | | 22/1/20 7 —|—| 5] 4]17| 7] 9} 10 ofl See —|—)|—|] 54 17/2/20 7 —|—| 1;)—] 2] 3] 7/12} 9/—|—|]—;—|—|]| 34 1 seal esl 22/1/20 8 dee ah 4a 7H lag | gs| 2| 1)—)— |) =a 17/2/20 8 fae) beget el rion) os | oo —— | | | | | | payy20 \9and +) — | 1) 446] 92) sj) 4) 2) ee 17/2/20 |\9ond | =—-|_4|)—|—| @\—) 1] ahah] |— |S =- 10/3/20 | 3 a Sa ey ee ee eae P: => eae Small | l i CENTIMETRES. Winter | pel bee: te ke ; Date. | pines | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24) 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 80 | 31 | Total. ings. | o7/5/l9 | 4 em [ern ne e yoe =) slg: |i at een 22/7/19 4 ee Pee as ck eee Be |e): Vials) pede (ee 23/9/19 4 cae ee ey See et OP en edhe Ge 10/2/20 5 | ee ee ee ree alee cs) ee wd one, oe 9/3/20 5 EO eee me a) a TaN (pele esa) CHC edi eo ns | Te 27/5/19 5 Se ba ede Ss LO eon eee sae dy ene 22/7/19 5 = | ee ee ee hm oe a ae eas ed (as ae SE Sy, 23/9/19 5 et eh OLE 8: eal = tebe lee ee 10/2/20 6 —|—|—|—}—|—|—] 8] 18} 10] 6|—|—| 2 9/3/20 6 —|—|—!—/]—]| 2] 5] 6] 6] 5] 4;—}|—] 28 27/5/19 6 eae (SS a PEO cdo |) el ee 22/7/19 6 ee a eee 1 fl et aly aaa flee 23/9/19 6 Oe Ace || OG. Ome Olean (| eee 10/2/20 7 = ene fea fey SRE OAR i se em og a Uae ee 9/3/20 i eet a ete le A Gate Sele |e ee 10/2/20 4 —|—{—!|—|—|]—|]—] 5] 19] 15} 10} 2] 2] 53 9/3/20 4 Se SS a ara ia es ba ae TABLE II1.—Continued. STORNOWAY SAMPLES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. 74 TABLE I1I.—Continued. LERWICK SAMPLES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Winter : = 5 : Date. ee 19 +} 20) | 2a) | 22°) 23 | 24 }-25 1-26 | -27 | 28] 29 | 20) Sil tetalk: : Lee Schl pee : 28/5/19 4 — | — | — | — | — 4 6 9 9 1} — | — |] — 29 5/7/19 + — | — | = | — | — + 38 | 10 | ig) |) = 1 | —|— 33 16/8/19 J —{|—|—|]—} 1} 1] 38] 2} 2)—|—';=)Se) = 21/2/20 5 eed | Wore Gey |i | eo Kl iby =i 4 1 4 i 12 13/3/20 5 — | — | — | — | — |] — if 1 i) = 5 2|— 13 28/5/19 5 — fo — |] | 1 9 6 Y= | 1|—]— 26 5/7/19 5 — |— — 2 8 |} Ta = 1)—)})—]— 29 16/8/19 5 — | — | — 2 2 7 1 7{/—}—fl—J— fl — 19 21/2/20 6 — | — |} — | — |] — | — 2 6 | 23°) 42) 28 6 | — 67 13/3/20 6 — | — | — |} — | — |] — 3 «| 24 | 25: || 25 al 1 74 28/5/19 6 —;—|— Z 5 6 9 3) || —— 2/—|— | = PATE 5/7/19 6 —}— 1 2, Geet 6 1 2°) = | == | 30 16/8/19 6 — | — 1 | — 4 9 8 5 7 Z2/;—|—|]— 36 21/2/20 7 SS S| 2 @| Wt) dd 3 1} — 38 13/3/20 7 | 1 5 5 | 18") £0 3)/—]|]— Z 28/5/19 a — | — | — 3 1 9 | = | — | — | — 20 5/7/19 w —|}— 1 a el Om | medal: 4 7 1}—}—|]—|{— 42 16/8/19 a — | — | — 4 7 9 | 12 9 i Z2;/—)]—{|— 44 21/2/20 8 — | — | — | — | — | — 2 2 2 2);—)}—|— 8 13/3/20 8 — | — | — | — |] — I] 3 2) — fe Se 5 16/8/19 8 — ie 2 6} 10°) £65) LO 2);—};—]-—-|]— 47 28/5/19 |8and + | — 2) — 9} 11 a 2);—}]—)}]—/]—-—|]— 38 5/7/19 8and + | — 1 2 ZAZA 4 1 —}]—j}—}—~—] — 32 16/8/19 |Yand +} — | — | — 3 sg) I) tlse |) hs 2);—)—{]—] —] — 42 | 21/2/20 4 ae oe ee ee) BS eee 13/3/20 4 Se 7 a8) 9 es 75 TABLE IT -—Continued. WICK SAMPLES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH, CENTIMETRES. eee eee | x9 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | ‘rotal Rings. | | | 8/7/19 4 Np Ve) 193 1 ASs| 26.15 1, 1)/—|—|—| 67 14/8/1y 4 eta eto ae eo me a) eng cee Pee | eee Wee 8/7/19 5 er ly eae en 1 |e eae Ss | ee ieee 14/8/19 5 Alera idle Stl Ait Se tecSt | sls hth | Pee | ] 8/7/19 6and +} — | — 1 2 4 | 1); —}—{]—}]—;— |] — 1, 14/2/19 |6and+|-—| 1] 2 Ale abehs AWB l a | = ee eee ea PETERHEAD SAMPLES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. | | penne ine (fee Pe) ats Pa 8) | a | ae eee le) 2/0 |) 45) On| 9d ae | 0!| So aN ema 20/8/19 4 aa case lia ie be was aa | Bo [as toed |, oe ene 9/9/19 | 4 Sey ere 1° |) OA aoe Wiiiga te ca ale |e eee ene 19/6/19 5 Sa Ee ape |: Be) a | a ee as guru | 25) 6] —|—|—] 1] 8] 4] 4] 5}/—} 1'—}—]}—] 48 ENED 1) 9 Ds ON or C2 WO RW 09 Vi ace [Fer [Ace SI OUG | OU phe eg a ee mera | ee ee |, 19/6/19 6 ee) AC caps cael) De. 3 cal eS a = | ate 29/7/19 6 Po) be 9) | oes | ee es 20/8/19 6 ee eee ace eg (rey LETS Te 9/9/19 | 6 ae eee een ell med G8 |i ae 1 ee ee ees eco (LETS ORE 1 a nt RA eed bs 0) feng em me me | at oO PeramOmi and ee cee = tole a Na, etal a eee Tal) eee ee 20/8/19 |} 7and 4+) — } — | — 1 4 3 | — | — | — |) — | — | 9 erm eer eae | ON ay Geta an | Get te | nee ea 76 TABLE III.—Continued. NORTH COAST OF SUTHERLAND SAMPLES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. 13/2/20 4 a 20/2/20 4 a 13/2/20 5 Sp 20/2/20 5 = | = 13/2/20 6 =| s== 20/2/20 6 eee || poe 13/2/20 7 ee 20/2/20 7 aes eee 13/2/20 |8and+ | — | — 20/2/20 |8and +] — | — e CENTIMETRES. 22 | 23 | 24 | os or or be co bo be | NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Drift Net)—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. 24/7/19 4 — | — 6/8/19 4 — | — 27/8/19 4 — | — 24/7/19 |5and+] — | — 6/8/19 5and —+) — | — 27/8/19 |5and +} — | — NORTH SHIELDS 26/9/19 4 —|— 8/10/19 4 —|— 26/9/19 5 — | — 8/10/19 5 —}— 26/9/19 6 —|— 8/10/19 6 —|— 26/9/19 7 —|— 8/10/19 fe —|— 26/9/19 |8and+)]— }] — 8/10/19 | 8and+]— | — SAMPLES (Trawled)—_FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. a £O or oS 5 8 5 wo pee i hm bo (igs TABLE I1J.—Ccentinued. SCARBOROUGH SAMPLES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. : | pate. | VT | 19 | 90 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | Tota. Rings. 12/8/19 4 eae eee GO OO age ee es ea 11/9/19 4 —— ae a Oo) 7 es | | es 25/9/19 4 eee ee OM ede OO TQ" rds la ek We nee ED 12/8/19 |5and +)/— {—|—|—}| 4/ 1)—]} 2} 1) —)—|—/— %, ieomomyo ang + — |e Pe ot oS BS) 2-2) = ee oe 25/9/19 5 et eA a or ae i OS il ge | =| a= | ek ele 25/9/19 6 Sea el Bre Bb D | = |) ty ei eo 25/9/19 vf = | S10 10 B34 ee ee Zoo oana | — | — | Lt dy ett @) 424i Tp pl poe GREAT YARMOUTH SAMPI.ES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. 6/11/19 4 = a ek O16 he a) SS Sie 20/11/19 4 a a te ie ki a ge ens gs eee en |) 6/11/19 5 a eee as yr Se a == — = 45 20/11/19 5 eet hla OO We ddl Sl ea et 6/11/19 6 eee tS adele iil oS) gees y= | | eo 20/11/19 6 ee 6 eter tor | AG | 2) | la |) eS 6/11/19 7 —}—]/ 1/12 eG | et es ees |), 20/11/19 zi —|—| 2] 5]11/11) 3;—|—}|—fr—}]—|]—] 32 Sue on Sand he? | —)) 32 9 | 8h) 0 1 ie ee | ee es 20/10/19) Sand +} — |—|}|— | 8 | 9) &) 2.) — | — | =) — | — | — a 78 TABLE I1f.—Centinued. FIRTH OF FORTH SAMPLES.—FOURTH YEAR GROWTH. CRNTIMETRES. Winter ate. : 2 y DO) | D2 2 AST || PAS || Al As | Date Bines. 19 0 1 2, 3 t ) 6 7 8 9 | 30) 3) torr 22/1/20 4 — |} — | — | — 2 2 4 7 2 | — — | — 7 17/2/20 4 —|}|—}|— | — 3 2 7 8 Te) eS 1) LG 1 i! 54 10/3/20 4 — | — | — | — 3 5 A 8 | 245 |2 2451 3 2 1 85 2/1/20 5 —|—}— |] — 1 2 5 5 5 2) — 1|— 21 17/2/20 5 —|—}— 2 ul z eh fatal |) a3) 1})/—|]-- 35 10/3/20. |} 5and +>) — | — | — | — 1 2 5 4 1) >| >j] =] = 13 22/1/20 6 — | — | — af mo lp altho) aeSy | aks 1/— 1);—/}— 54 17/2/20 6 — | — | — |] — |] — 4 8 | 21 7 1 1 1|—. 43 72/1/20 ia — | — | — 3 AS Ome Len mie 1}—)}—}]—)}] — 54 17/2/20 7 — |—}|— 1 1 5 Sallis 6;/—}]—}--| - 34 22/1/20 8 —|—|-- 3 Sale 8 | 10 4}/—]—]}]—|— 45 17/2/20 8 —- | — | — | — 2); — 7 9 1/—|]—]—)| - 19 22/1/20 |9and + | — | — | — ih OG 9 7 il 2iI— |— | J— 26 17/2120 |9and +| — | — 1/—|— 1 3 4 2{/—}]—]—}]— at STORNOWAY SAMPLES.—-FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. TABLE III.—Continued. 79 * 1 under 21 cm. + 1 under 22 cm. CENTIMETRES. Winter es >) by or Brn o”7 >) 7 ‘ << Date Ries OMe ae eon 2Oueat | 2o. lee 80). Sk | 32 1633) | 32" Shale Dotals 27/5/19 5 oP ee ea Ae a ee Pen fae >| a ere 22/7/19 5 ie Pc es | i (ge ae eC alae i vet ee eg TO 23/9/19 5 eS eh 9 | Po (910, peel enie | e ees a ae 10/2/20 6 9 ea Fa ees re ri ep eg ee ee 9/3/20 6 ee Tae Oe ha cece ral a) ee Seed) BES bog 27/5/19 6 Beer eal 6p (4a 1 Rul +g eo] rod ene) fe ee 22/7/19 8 = (ee ed ats S| We RR Nea | eet we Ree Pea S| 2 233/9/19 6 Sede ROde nlc ysl: B |e -oie sh eh) ena gee Ions 10/2/20 7 er eee sey eal AZ, feo Ee | Quilt oo 4 sera eer ees |g 9/3/20 7 SN Es |e al A ae a ee (ee, ee 10/2/20 5 SE gS hi ae 2 ame We |g) Po 9/3/20 5 Seg ee tee gg |g 9 4.) 1;|s= ee een ee LERWICK SAMPLES.—FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. | ( 28/5/19 5 — | — 4 eee ea 1/—{|—]—|—I| 26 5/7/19 5 SM ee ae 1c es fees Og mee ean ee ee | 16/8/19 5 PAV TL Gol ea |) | RN eee fee (ascend A esa eg 21/2/20 6 Pie ee eb eee as (mae apie eae | =| ee 13/3/20 6 Se ee a) gla) soe cea at ae see agjs/i9 | 6 Be ee) ial S.\ 1,| Bal = | en a) 5/7/19 6 rT PG Fs epee Pine i ys rms oe fe Bed WE ed ye 16/8/19 Ae rel alg Oa S| Se) eu ee 21/2/20 7 | a apr) eee aie esteemed ete hes EY) ore 13/3/20 7 a eee rele Ta = ||P tf | 28/5/19 7 TESA ON aa gt aqig Sac ea 5/7/19 7 Bread Al a6 i) AS Wee | =) | | 16/8/19 7 Tear Na iiaal saat cs.| sede «1s |) See) eee 21/2/20 8 SO a Ye Me fae eae ea me en eee | 8 13/3/20 eS ees (Se eae [eee ar premieres et eee ae oe) Ee) 16/8/19 geek) SOM) sel Re do Nd a etd a a eee Paeeeaid=| 0 dip. Br Sue | St ee a Po ead |S 6 10 | 8h) od be S| ee ie 30 CES) Tug) | See eves Oe Be ae PS Wm fom Eo] see ee Pee pee | a eS 21/2/20 5 2 iL | meng rm eee Oy Pe eg i at ec cee | es 13/3/20 5 eA eee eager pa. a | Olean |. eee ag 80 TABLE II1.—Continued. WICK SAMPLES.—FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Winter | | | Date. : 93 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 } 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | Se) shui Eotal Rings. | | | 8/7/19 5 2 10 SS eal 14/8/19 5 AN al 5 5 2, | — | — | — eo = | =e id | | 8/7/19 |6and+] 2] 4 3 3) — | —}—!} —} — |} — | — I] Ors i 14/8/19 |G@and +} *1 3 5 5 3S} Va eae ee tt SS ] SS SS 20) *2 under 22 cm. PETERHEAD SAMPLES.—FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Winter = : Date. Rings 20) | 21.) 22) 28 | 24 | 95 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30) SSIS Z eos. 19/6/19 5 — | — | — | — 8 5 5} —}|—}—}]—]-]}| — 18 29/7/19 3 — | — | — 4 2 @ 3 1}; — 1;—]— 18 20/8/19 5 —}|—|— 1 if 3 8 4 3)/—}/—|]—|]— 31 9/9/19 5 —}|—}]— — 1 1 5 8 2);—|]—]— it) 19/6/19 6 —|— 3 ii 6 2}/—}—}— | — | — | — | — 18 29/7/19 6 — |} — |} — | — | — 3 2 2 2}—|—|]—}-- 9 20/8/19 6 — |—}|] — 2, 1 4 il 2 1;/—]—}—)}— uty 9/9/19 6 — | — | — | — | — |] — 1} 20 4 2)|;—}]—]— 27 19/6/19 |7and+}— | —}]— 2 3 1 1)/—}—|—}]—} —-] -- i 29/7/19 |} 7and+})— |—)}—}— 1| — 4 2 1)/—)})—|]— 1 9 20/8/19 | 7and+]—j};—}] —}] — if 6 | — 2)}—}|—|]—}]—] — 8) 9/9/19 7and +) —}]—j]—}]— 2 ay ale |b ata 7 Q2)—}|—|— Al 81 TABLE I[11.—Continued, NORTH COAST OF SUTHERLAND SAMPLES.—FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Wintcr : e ae R : r Date. | pice | 22 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 80 | 31 | 82 | 83 | 88 | 32 | Total. 13/2/20 5 Te ie (Raa = es (ein Te Wea Ba 0 pe sd ges fe | a 20/2/20 5 eae lyase et ot ees ods |e oi eee dee ey 13/2/20 6 es Peeing’ JE st omic: | eel ee 9 an ee 20/2/20 6 Beg Pe eee abe 28, OG) | ae tat || ee ee 13/2/20 7 ee eee eee (enh ae (eR)! | | ee ene 20/2/20 7 Seer aw ae eon et) < Bal a | as | 1 Pe 13/2/29 |Rand +| — | — | — 1 4 5 5] — 1};—|]—j|—|]—- 16 PROMS and |, es | 2 oe fo |g) | NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES, (Drift Neti—FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. 24/7/19 |5and+]—, 2] 8| 2, —];—|— | SP Se ee temnineand (esa) ol 16 |) 4 ee oa | i) Se fe a ee ee 27/8/19 |5and+/ 1 | gery en Pitta a ge | Pg (eae fee eee easy sen 8 NORTH SHIELDS SAMPLES (Trawled)—-FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. 24/9/19 5 See het Wel ee Ll | = aay | ee | ce | en 28/10/19 5 Hels a-ha 5 feo] ee ee ee 26/9/19 Bee ee orlkointe 6 |i pea Saal fee ee ee REA Fe 8! 8/10/19 6 ele belay |e (ee sas RR ES Se (epee ea 26/9/19 ie > PM ES Sa (oe |g enna eae | meg (ieee eee espa) 8/10/19 7 Ae y= Te | eps hee | eae eee |e ee 26/9/19 |Sand+| 3] 2 nara (es eee | mee een | eee eee | SMe ROMM rail cena men techs Re bole Gadiy Te hee ess eee tif | eee eee * 1 under 22 cin. 82 TABLE J1I.—Continued. SCARBOROUGH SAMPLES.—FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. CENTIMETRES. Winter Date. Rings) 234 24 125 | 26") 27 | 28) 29136) 31) 32) 933 | Saree eeoual 12/8/19 |5and + | — 1 2 2 1 | a a IE | ee 7 11/9/19 j5and+}] 1/ 2) 6] 9 4} 2}—]—]-—|;|—|]—|—]|]—]| 24 25/9/19 5 1 1 t Neoza 12 3 |) Ss | Se | ee 56 25/9/19 6 os ul 38 5 4) — eo) ee 19 25/9/19 uf = Gal eee 3 |= | S=) | ae eee ea eee 392 25/9/19 |and + 2 3 5 6 | — to) SS SS SSS aS eS 17 GREAT YARMOUTH SAMPLES.--FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. 5 ———————————— | 6/11/19 5* 8| 4/19/15/ 3|—|—|—|—|=—|—|—|=]7 & 20/11/19} 5 1) 7% | 26-19 | 7) = 2) ae) |) ee 6/11/19 @* 5120/18} 5| 1} —|—}]—|—|— |=] =e 20/11/19 | 6 2) 91 23140) 8) 1 — | = | 2 |) es 6/11/19 “4 6) 12) 9 a) =|) be et SS ea aS eee 20/11/19 a Se) oo Ww _ nee . toe) | | | | | | | | | wo i) 6/11/19 |8and +f 4 | 12 1 2 fee Goel ieee aad Gea Ge 23 20/11/19 |}38and+] 2 | 2; 9 5; 1};—}]—}]—]-—-|]—|]—]—]—] 19 = * 1 under 22 cm. + 4 under 22 cm. FIRTH OF FORTH SAMPLES.—FIFTH YEAR GROWTH. 22/1/20 5 }—-| 1] 1] 6] 8) 9}/—J}]—! 1/—|]—]—]—]| 21 17/2/20 5 Z/—) 2) 4) 10112) 4) —) 2) =| ee 10/3/20 |5and+}—}]—] 2] 4] 4!) 2) 1/—;—}]—|—|—]—] 18 22/1/20 6 1)/—j] 3/19) 21) 9)—)] 1) —| =| —| See 17/2/20 6 —}|—|—/11 ay 13), a 1/ 1};—|—|]—4] 48 | : 22/1/20 i —} 1] 8|26)17;} 2)/--|—!|—}]—|—|—|—]| 52 17/2/20 7 —| 2] 3/10]10; §}/—}] 1}/—|]—/]—|—|—]| 34 22/1/20 8 1} 4/12]14}10] 4|/—}—}|—]—|—|—]—| 45 17/2/20 8 —}] 1} 1] 6/11}/—}/—]|;—]/—t|—|—|]—-I|- |] 22/1/20 |9and+]—j] 2] 9/11] 2) 2}/—/—]—|]—|—!—|—]| 26 17/2/20 |9and +} —] 1] 1] 3] 5) 1}—}]—]—JsJ—/]—|—|]—] OI EG _OOODv_ rh co aS S—_ er — —r—r—rc—d— rr 83 II—SIZE. BY DOROTHY COWAN. In previous reports an analysis of the size of the herrings examined, together with the size for age, has been given. The data for the year 1919 to June, 1920, will be found in Tables [. and II. ‘The size is expressed to the nearest centimetre, 20-6 to 21-5 being taken as 21 cm. The samples are indicated by letters for the various ports, and are in the same order as on page 10. Table I. shows that the northern samples consisted of much larger herrings than those from the more southerly fishing grounds. This difference remains when herrings of the same age are com- pared, and points to the oceanic herrings from the northern fishing grounds having a much more rapid growth than those caught in the North Sea. The following table of herrings with three winter rings illustrates the difference in size for the herrings from summer feeding shoals :— CENTIMETRES. Port. Date. 2,2, 23 24 20 26 27 28 29 Total. Gerwick .~.- sa Oo Unpenutly: eS OO 2 35 8 2 33 33 Stornoway ... 22nd July os os 5 9 2H, 22, 6 11 5 86 Wick sa Pee eth Uy: 30°26. 66) . 33 el0 5 — — 143 Peterhead ... ... 29th July PEO ROA eae 259 el'D Ge -== 7) Wei North Shields ... 14th July 3 37 D7 45 2d of 1 -—— 173 Scarborough .. 12th August 1 15s 49: 23 11 bo —- — 102 Between summer feeding shoals and autumn spawning shoals there is a considerable difference, the latter having a much larger size for age. Below is given the size for herrings with three winter rings from the summer feeding shoals (I) and autumn spawning shoals (S) of the same port :— CENTIMETRES. Port. Date. Ne O2 238 04 9G. 87) 28 DOr SOs oer oul Ssomoway.... 22nd July, iF — 1 -5 9 27 22 6 11 3d —_- — 86 o3rd Sept., Ss — —_—_- i 8 16°15 6 ¢ 2 — — 55 Peterhead ... 20th Aug. F. — — 1 11 34 49 15 7 4— 1 — 122 93rd Sept., Ss — — 1 — — 2 21011 5 — 1 32 Searborough 11th Sept., F. 13 "S6.38). 22-35. 20 — 2sthisepte.s. = 1G CULL 42 84 The second and third samples from the Firth of Forth, taken February and March, 1920, do not vary as to size for age to any extent. In sample 1, caught 23rd January, the herrings with four, five and six winter rings are smaller than those of the same age in the followmg samples. That the analysis of total length for the three samples varies will be seen from Table I. Sample 1 has a majority about 28 cm.; sample II., while still keeping a large number about 28 cm., has a larger number of fish under 24 to 27 cm. ; sample III. also has a number of smaller fish principally ‘about 24 cm., though large numbers are still under 27 and 28 em. This increase in the number of small fish is due to a change in the age composition of the samples (Table II.), fish with three and four winter rings being more numerous in the later samples than in sample I. | It has been shown that the summer herrings decrease in size for age as the fishing grounds come more to the south. This fact is also true for the winter herrings as the following table will show. Herrings with six winter rings have been taken, as they were the fish most evenly represented in the samples. CENTIMETRES. Port. Date. 26 27. -28 29 30 {310 S32 eesselone Le:wick ... ... 2ist February... — —- — 1 1” 25>) 20 see10 67 North Coast of Sutherland ... 13th February _- — 1 1 19 20 11 — 52 Stornoway ... ... L0th February —_- — i eg AKG I 1— Bye Firth of Forth .. 17th February Aes) ed ee i i—- — 43 Two samples worth noting are the first sample from Stornoway and the first one from Lerwick. They were taken May 27th and 28th respectively. They had much the same age composition, the Lerwick sample having more fish with over six winter rings. In spite of this, the Lerwick fish are smaller than those from Stornoway. Below is given an analysis of the two samples age for age :— CENTIMETRES. Port, Rings. 54 95 26 «27° «28-29: 380.-—«B81-Ss« 832 Total. Winter Stornoway 3 3) ile 9 10 ye ale 5 1 — 61 Lerwick... 3: 1 > 19 6 20-—- —- — 33 Stornoway 4 =: 3 Staton =a 5 4 — — 46 Lerwick... 4 1 3 9 9 (ea 29 Stornoway 5 — 1 2 5 Gael 2 a0 1—_— oil Lerwick... 5 —_— 3 7 8 I —- — 1 — 26 Stornoway 6 — 2 4 yp A alg a 3 1 54 Lerwick... 6 — 1 sy Aly 8 — 2; 1 — 27 Stornoway see of - =- - OO Ol 4 4 6 1 15 Lerwick... oes cor) of — 1 — SP iat 2 — — il 20 85 The smallest sample examined was from the Firth of Forth, 16th March. It was composed of herrings with one and two winter rings. The size will be seen in ‘Table I. — -— The opportunity is taken to correct here an error that occurred in the printing of last year’s report (Herring Investigations, 1918, Table IV., page 15, sample 8). 20 to 28 cm. 29 cm. The range of size is given under This is 1 cm. too small, and should be from 21 to TABLE I.—SIZE. CENTIMETRES. Samples. 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | a8 | 20 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 38 | 34 oo aK: SY—1 —| 4] 21| 23 | 41| 39] 53|387| 7) aa — | 1-8] 9-3) 10-2) 18-1] 17-2) 23-4] 16-3] 3-1] 0-4) — | — SsY.—2 18 | 29 | 60 | 47 | 22.| 30 | 12.) 91% = [ets 8-0 | 12-0] 15-0, 20-0, 9-0) 13-0] 5-0} 4-0) 1-0) — | — | — Ses —| 2{|16| 41 | 57 | 38 | 36 | 11 |] — | = ae — | 1-0] 8-0 20-2 28-4) 18-9} 17-9] 5-5] — | — | — | — SY.-—4 —!—| 9! 21] 42] 29 | 21] 42] 38! 8] 2) — | — | —— | 4:3] 9-1) 19-8| 13-9] 9-9| 19-8]17-9| 3-8] 09) — sy —5 3|10| 17] 50] 71| 48] 16 | 26/12} 4} —| — 1-0) 3-€} 6-5] 19-1) 27-6) 18-3| 6-1) 9-9] 4-6] 1-5] — | — fie }— | 2| 14] 41] 42] 49/20] 3] 2] 1] —|— | — | 1:1] 8:0] 23-6) 24-1) 28-2] 11-5) 1-7] 1-1) 0-6) —— 2 LK —2 —|—| 9] 40| 75| 40) 25 | 12) —| —| =| — | — | — | 4-5] 20-0] 37-5] 20-0) 12-5] 5:5) — | tk 3 =| 1) 7) 21) 17) 46 | 45) 45) tae — | 0:5} 3-5] 10-5) 8-5) 23-0] 22-5) 22-5] 8-5{ — | — | — EKA —|—| 1] 2) 9) 41 8137 |] sonar — | — | 0-7| 1-3) 6-0] 2-6] 5-3| 11-3] 25-5] 33-1) 11-9) 0-7] 0-7 LK.—i —|—|=—]| 6] 7148) 17) 38 | See — | — | — | 3-4| 4-0] 10-2] 9-7) 21-6] 30-6| 15-9] 4-6) — wK—1 29 | 86| 73 | 33/19] 5] 1|—|—]— 11-6| 34-4] 29-2] 13-4) 7-6| 2-01 0-4) — | — | -- | -- | — wK.—2 v4 | 33 | 44] 24/18/11] 3] 2]/—|—|— | — 14-3) 19-6] 26-2| 14-3) 10-7| 6-5] 1-8) 1-2} — | — | -- | — Pp—1 39 | 52|46|26| 5] 3] 1)/—|—]|—}]—|— 21-6) 28-8 25-6] 14-4) 2-8] 1-7] 06| —|—|—|— — PD.—2 113 | 46; 62| 49{ 40] 21] 8} s{—]|—}]—j— 5:2 | 18-4) 24-8] 19-6] 16-0] 8-4) 3-2) 3-2} — | —}] —| — PD.—3 21 | 52| 75 | 38 | 24) 24) 7 | 5 | |e 8-4) 20-9 30-1] 15-3] 9-6] 9-6} 2-8] 2-0) — | —}|— | — PD—4 1) 4] 4) 17 | 22 | 32 | 46 | 22 10 | 3-aaeee 3-9| 5-6] 0-6| 2:3] 2-3] 9-6] 12-4] 18-1) 26-0) 12-4) 5-6) — | — | — PD.—5 /—| 1] 1] 6 | 12 | 25 | 49 |.48 ;or a — | — | — | 0-6| 0-6] 3-4] 6-8/ 14-2) 27-8] 27-2] 17-6] 1-7) — PD.—6 — || — |=] 5] 10} 19 | 38 |e eee — | — | — | — | 2:7| 5-6 | 10-1) 20-8) 41-5) 16-9] 1-6) 0-5 ” | 87 TABLE I.--Continued. CENTIMETRES, Sample. POMP AON th) (a2? | 23! 94) Cha ae sl a7 oan oO) P30. 315) 3S ess Raaaiears N.—1 Nos — | — | 2).81 | 57 | 76 | 56 | 33 | 12) 2) 1) —}-— | — }—} — | = Drift % — | — |} 0°8| 4-4] 22-8] 30-4] 22-4; 13-2) 4-8] 0-S} 0-4) — | — |} —}] —] — | — .N.—2 | Nos =f 1 | | 22 1-75-1838) 44.) 16) 7 7 Pt —) — | =) — | | Drift % — | — |} 0-4| 0-4] 8-8] 30-0] 33-2) 17-6] 6-4] 2-8] 0-4; — | — | — | —}] — | — S.N.—3 Nos == | ——| 11°] 36°) 77 | 63 133) 15 | S| 41-3 |) —) — ) = | | = Dett | % — | — | 4-4] 14-8] 30-8] 25-2] 13-2) 6-0] 3-2] 1-6] 1-2; — | — | — | —}] — | — SN—4 ...| Nos ieee te te ti OG his S167 (48 1220 ae |e) en eee Trawled | % ——/| (0-4) 0-4] 0-4| 4-5! 10-7|21-9) 97-7| 19-8] 8-3) 5-8) = — | | IS.N.—5 Nos ue eee eo hen 2e 655°) 0: | 2s | T8nle aay ei rn Trawled | % 0-9] 0-9] 1-3] 3-1] 3-5] 8-7] 17-9] 25-3] 21-8] 10-0] 5-7/ 0-9} — | —]| —}] —] — ‘SH —1 Nos eae Oe AD TSE 1 OT PS. |). (kOe. | hee en eee %, ——!| —— | -2°0)| 4:5 | 21-0/39°5| 18-01 10°5| 2-5! 0-5 1-0) 0-5 | — | —| — SH.—2 | Nos Buel tell eee tv oul 127) | 16 lS: Oro ele 2) nn OA te7)| 0:82 2°8) 12-8|'30°0-22-0/ 10-8) 641-72 |, 4-01 1-6) O48, —— | Se SH.—3 | Nos ef | a) 6 TAP 31 | 48,1069 1.45 [223 | 5 Se % — | — | — ] 1:6} 2-5] 5-7] 12-7] 19-6] 28-11 18-4] 9-4] 2-0) — | — | — | — |] — YH.—1 Nos — | — Ply Ou tO 49) | 50S GON Poet | 1a er | % —- | — | 0-5] 2:4] 4-3] 9:0] 23-2] 24-2] 28-4] 7-1 | 0-5] 0-5 — | —}] — | — |] — YH.—2 | Nos Se eal) FOS | 2001 37° 150") 62>) 59. (S87 tOe 5 | ie eee % 28 7-0) 12°8)'1:7-5| 21-7) 20-6 12-8| 3-5) 1-7 — | F.F.—1 Nos th eee CS he ae TG [eS e809 F461 05: Ss | % — | — | 09} — | 174} 1-8] 2-3! 7-3} 16-8] 40-5] 20-9} 68} 1-4) — | — | —] — ¥.F.—2 _ Nos AP ET ere OA Ae | 27. ee | 6 FST h63) (564. 5 | 25) aes O-4| 0-4] 1:5] 1-5] 6-4] 10-1! 9-0! 9-9 | 11-6] 23-5] 20-9] 1-9] 1-9) — | — | 0-4] — F.¥.—3 | Nos eee eR BO mag TAT ||) 20 i SOO | 15-| 12s hs nn ees % — | —| 1-1} 6-2] 11-8] 15-3) 9-6| 11-3] 18-0] 17-0] 8-5) 1-1| 0-6} — | — | — }] — | CENTIMETRES. Sample. LOn ie 12; | AS O14 1h Gy) 1718: | 1920) | 21 1-22: 423s sae ones | F.F.—4 Nos Saas - 5 Sea Sesh 17 “Gel Oy |e a) Sane on een eee | * 1 under 18 cin: 88 TABLE I1.--SIZE AND AGE. CENTIMETRES, Vinter Shoe ve Ra eee 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 Total. Rigs. SY.—1 Z 1}; 3}/—}] 2}/—J]—|[— 3 Sif E24) SOR LO as hk 4 =i Boho SePOn eal a, ee 5 —j;} 1|{ 2] 5] 12 | 10 6 = | Bl aa “5 oes) tie, | EO 7 —{|-—|—|—]| 4] 4+] 6 8 —j;—-—|—}]—] 1] 8) 1 10 SS aa 4 | 21 | 23 | 41 | 39 | 53 | 37 SY.—2 1 SS 2 19| 31/16] 3} 1|/—|— 3 DOF 224) Cy Aa eel 4 1 fee tel ee a a Od BP 5 —|—] 1}/—} 5};—|]| 4 6 =—~|—}— ] 11.5) 1) 3 7 —|—|— |—] 1] 2] 2 8 at aoe Nar Vaze ae lee |e 29 | 60 47 22} 30,| 12) 9 SY.—3 2 —| 4/ 7] 3] 1)—)=— 3 1A 280 Gels oO eee 4 e415 19 | 9) 3] — 5 —j/—| 2/11/14] 6] 4 6 S| sO 16H WO ee Z a es eee nes mee an Pa 8 Se —| PAG 4045s 38 | 36 11 | -- = — | — | 201 SY.—4 3 —{ 9/16/19; 5/—|— | — 4 —|—|-5|/19115| 10} 2 5 ee Gs chee 6 See td OG 7 S|) a SSR Seas 8 — | — | — | — |] —]}] 1] 1 y dl ete oe Al ale ee eae 10 Sg a I en ee |e On ieee as Roger FAD SY —5 2 A SS SS eS 3 6/13 | 36/52] 14) 2] — 4 St AAS AG a9 | 9S) 5 = fe] WB 2 1 8) 8 2 6 —{—! 1] 1) 6} 5] 8 ) 2 a eo - 8 —- |. —|—{|—;—/—]| 1] 2 9 = SS SSS | io 24 a ee i |. aee 3| 10] 17 | 50 | 71 | 48 | 16 | 26 ; ! | | iLK.—2 mK —3 ... EK.—4 .... Sample. | 89 TABLE II.-—Continued. CENTIMETRES. Winter Rings. 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sfp 1 8 9 10 20)) 21 | 22.) 23 |. 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29°) 30 | 31 | 32 | 33°] 34 |) Botal | | | | | | | | | _ ons _ (=) 103) ide) | | | | | | | el A ae CON De OIC J) | | | u —}—/|—}—}]—}]—}]-!—]—-]| : i ioe —|—|—]|- 6 ee eee eae pl | ap ea | 49 | 20 | : oe Pim Pe ee he dot a je Me Sl a P| A SS 1 a ees ee eee ik ery Se oO OX NS OI | | | | | | | = = — | | | | | Ce fo Nw | | ee Ladd etl hel Fee (redial | Haaawe | 3 S25 | Se eee a ee SS SS SS SS eS = ee 4 ae | Se ey 33) ON | | | I | | fmt RB Doe & bo SrRFce wt © te Be OCc Ww OD = alae | eee = = 3 1 S|) a a, ee ee ee 2 oe ile ie 1 a eg |e (et fa eee | | Be == eat Be ee ey 12 —— = a = a _ = — a, —— —— = pa » Se es es eee eee 2 | 4 SS | SS Se) Se ee So Gil Sahel ea ee ee 5 Be | ce th ek I | ee ey on Le ms (eA Tee lk ie 6 S| a a a ah eile Ga) ee lei) Se Fi ee a ee ee eo de ey ene 8 |) a se ee ea rg a a 8 9 Re Se i ea ee ee | 13 ie ee ae ees eee ee eS | | ee ee 1 * at 3d cin. 90 TABLE IL. —Continued. CENTIMETRES. Sample. BK —5 . We—t ..: PD.—1 EZ Winter eg oe peed | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 2a. | 2 2 5 3 see a 0 | 21 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 20 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33] 34 3 es | | | oe ee ff | | S| | — | 42) 7s | ol 4) 1 Se 5 she Cee, ae ae ee ee eee 2) 1) 4] 4) oe ee eee eee es. 7 =| ee ee ee 8 —}—/—|—|—}—|—};—|]—]—-|-] 1] 3] 1]/-|— Oe SS SS ee ae Ss ae a ee a as ee ! | pees Nea ae ie i 2 — | — |} — | — | EP Bl 2h— } — | — | — ) = | eee 3 — || == | 3] 26) 667 33.) 16 5.) —) —— |) 4 — Stet 1) 2+ te) er hae) 9) 2) eS ea aa ae 5 —}—}|}—}—]—] 3] 9} 8] 2/—}]—} —] —] — | — | = 6 fa tS SS 2 ee) = | 8) | ee eS ee 7 eS | se ee SS eee 8 SS SSS eS —|—| =| —)| = ee —{—|—| 4] 29] 86] 73/33/19] 5] 1)—|—]—{]—]— “10 Ot ee W ty | | | | | ‘ Oo: me bo Wbnwnonre Weare mesrne cr.) Beate ho. RO eas | _ ! | | | | | Oo fw OT He mH LO | | | for) WN) OL ww pan FEB e | | 7 | | | | lo | me iS Doe em Ole ODNAMNF WL | | | | | | See toe to | | | — Winter Sample. s Pana Rings. £D.—s Dt ED—3 PD.—6 24 | 25 | 26 | 2% esl 20130 | Bf | 32} 33) 3h} nn eee en ewer | eet) i £/ 3] 2)/—}]—}]—}]—j}-—|—|—|— Be Oued ee zie ent ork | = eee 12/16) 9] G) 9) 2) —)|—{—| —y— VP a ec ie alters eee peewee (eee ea D2 e307 ea) Bal | | ee || | 3 A Ae | fe eee (are fa se ee oe aol —|—};—;—|]-|-— i ee ie | a | | 52 | 75 | 38 | 24 | 24 | 7 io Be As | ol 2 SE Sas eee ee Cea S| 2) i210. At | By a ee Gh pe | TON | 0% | eel —|—j} 1;—|-8]| 7] 14/—]—|—|-—- —|—|—|]—| 3/18] 4} 2}—]—|--| —|—|—}| t]/—| 7] 3} 1}—J|—]—=|] sf ee ee et G9, | eee ee eS Me ee eo —| ey fie ed ey |p ee ee 2 jel fee g(r | oe af Pa da ee | = | pe | ee, | Pe ee 1 ele Se 4| 4117] 22] 32] 46] 22 | 10} —| —}] — | ee ee Sea Sea ea —= |= | 285.) 10 | 22-)s. |) ot | ea OO eet oa | =) ee i | eal nak 202 pi eh a |i ee de ete eee | a | a a ie Geb On| ome SI eh ee ne emer fg ena ee ae | Lele Ste hl. 6 | 12 25 | 49 | 48 | 31] 3) — a fee SE al ae ey | ee ee as Cad ee es Be fe ee a ete eg s | P2 MS | ee Sloe avi ii er. It ae SS ae | ee he eon ae ee el — —— — ——s — ——- —d — — — il pote | oe | rem ecg te |e ey | ee oS SS Be eee | SE | ee a ee ee | | Nea eee ee —|—|—|]| 5] 10 98:1 °76, 1.31 hb Sap ot OPMN A Ok WwW WD —_— Cnt OD Ct hm w lo HE ONTIA ok roa i) ON OS Ne) 10 D Orme & LO 91 TABLE II. —Continued. CENTIMETRES. ————— YE | | SS | | | 1)—) myocyte 1) =) = Winter Rings. Sample. peNE 2. 2 Drift 3 4 5 6 7 DN-—o 1 Drift 2 3 4 5 7 8 SNe! | 1 Trawled 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 SoN.—o 1 Trawlcud 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 re Se 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 92 TABLE II.—Continued. 20 | 21 | 22 |-28 —|—]| 1] 1] 10 a | 40 Ss | ==, i Aa en ee fo =e = et | eal Ay, = ee o5 = SS en Se Bee 2 (iy eee —_ 1 | a ae a ee i = de 86 ee ee ee Se ah PA at 23. TN P| ea) (I PE AL Ale se tec —|—| 2] 2] 5 Da) Breall ee eos —|]-—|"4] 8 | 26 == |= |=] 1 | 45 SS 28 ——————— | | | —_ | |] ~ CENTIMETRES. 2A 2 LOM ead. 14/12;—!]— BAW 53 |) A, 5 Ht 2 te 5 2 Aye) a 2 — 1 2 2 —}— 1 2 75 | 83 | 44 16 | 29 8};—|— il pee ial 3 3 2 2 5 — 1 1 at a es 1 = GSaleoomels 8 2 1;—|]— P5aieoOr | wt 5 69) 18) 1°32 8 2 Pai) altays | ata 1 abe 1) 2883 1] a lzy — 1 3 —}|— u 3 — | — 1 26 | 58 | 67 | 48 Dy ee = a TAG) aa aa 0) 2 Bl 20/208 10 1 6/16 | 14 — aL 6 8 a 2; (oy [p aB? — | — | — 3 20 | 41 | 58 | 50 26 8s/—|— 49°) 237) dal 3} 4 5 7 1 —}|— 2 1 — oe 1 — ao 36 | 21 5 ample iH .-—3 YH —2. — Winter Rings. DANIAN em WD He CO 19 or m= © CO sI Op SCM OND OP W IO 93 TABLE [I.—Continued. CENTIMETRES. 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 a 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 20 31 | 32 8 — — —— — ——e — — = — — — — ea ees EEO. | hc | 1G: | oe fae ees entrees eee et 1391-3671 S8. | 22 (0 eae el ee ele) a er Tlie 1s) Oko) eel a ta = Bef) Ae oh Fer (eens ai Wet Va | Wal ae 2a|tan eae ag i ED eer (nd Pree Gas We eee (en ee ee ee i | PN aa mee a ea (ee Oi (Wee es ay ole P| eee [| WO —— — = aa a — —— = 1 A = — = — SMD 77 |. 3841675, 155, | Ze |216 |1S | 10") 4.) a ee es acme) Sal th a | eee ee eat ee lag 1G) fied) Dele "| al ee se ee) eg eee ae ee eae oo Gee oe se ce te hy | 2 6) 16 | = a ee ee eat at | BilesGe | Se) Depts es eee eet ee i | Gta] 8.) Spee wai NN IRE Fa SR ec Um ee (ot (eed Be ae en ene ee ee le 2 a i —— OU een be |) soe, |) ee ee ee ean (eee ee Pec eee ie | bee spo Se ea Gy Te Ba Be GO!) 4oeS8) Bn) SE ee ee a ee SS ey ane I A 2 Ce Mle peste | pe | Fee | Re SY SE a ey 0 er 6 ae =e UM als Rage eee Mea eR Pest a eens oe WA ot aml 1G of ae | ee ce |) NL EP I AO FI am 0 ty ei Me) BE Wh ey ee ER | Ber aye | sel) SBN ee ED ea ey (sO Pe | cy ee ee ee a | lla | a wey | eae | eta | | ae |e | Te es [9 |S Se eae ee ee eet 5.9, 1971 49 | bE 160: | toyed | 1 | =< SS Ne) SO ie a ee ee eee Seo oll Oula, ute st | ae ee ee ete ia ett eT On ieee ee == la ie Se gs | ert |, | eee es) Pee ee EE ey) ee eS | a lel lrg eis (eye) perl fen te aoe 10r Ae Se) a) Ey a ey a eG On| Sal bn e2e} 5901 S710) 5 | = |. — 34 94 TABLE ITI.—Continued. CENTIMETRES, Winter Re * ie Sample. | pice | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 20 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84] Total. Rings. | | G i 2 i a ees eee + mr 1...) 2 a ef SS ee Sh S| eee 3 asp a wear sh "6 rie Mane {og iy perteers Kiet ti Pay ra thee * StareSarasac & sates eed ‘aly lita et i) 4 on Ge ai paar beri ii Teip