ams un > “5 a 3 x oad ale Hn Stee atti te eet eae | oe Pe ee poe ~. wr ack re op cae — oe 4 Som i a ne L iipmes Fy FORTY-FIFTHM ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE FREE PUBLIC MUSEUMS OF THE CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3lst December, 1897. (Reprint of the General Report and of the Museums’ portion only of the Report of the Committee of the Free Public Library, Museums, and Walker Art Gallery.) LIVERPOOL: J. R. WILLIAMS & CO., PRINTERS, 8, SCHOOL LANE. ; 25 1998, we YY ~ Gs G) ‘swanasn|A 3HL qv iuy waXIVM FHL ‘SHINVUIT FHL NOSIMYON P TIMO “AUAT Ge. hs. a Ta i A 7 Leanne = _ se a ee Bee ss © ~r FORTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE FREE PUBLIC MUSEUMS OF THE CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3lst DeEceMBER, 1897. (Reprint of the General Report and of the Museums’ portion only of the Report of the Committee of the Free Public Library, Museums, and Walker Art Gallery.) LIVERPOOL: J. R. WILLIAMS & CO., PRINTERS, 8, SCHOOL LANE. 1898. COMMITTEE AND OFFICERS FOR THE YEARS 1897-8. ————~<+ THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOHN HOULDING, J.P., LORD MAYOR. Committee. ALDERMAN SIR WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, J.P., CHAIRMAN. M. HYSLOP MAXWELL, Jr., ESQ., DEPUTY CHAIRMAN. ALDERMAN A. M. BLIGH, | JOHN LAWRENCE, ESQ., LIEUT.-COL. A. H. BROWN, M.P., JOHN LEA, ESQ., ALDERMAN A. COMMINS, LL.D., M.P.,| FRANK J. LESLIE, ESQ., ARTHUR CROSTHWAITE, ESQ., WILLIAM OULTON, ESQ., J.P., JACOB R. GRANT, ESQ., ALDERMAN J. N. STOLTERFOHT, WILLIAM 8. GRAVES, ESQ., J.P., COLONEL W. H. WALKER, ROBERT D. HOLT, ESQ., J.P., AUGUSTUS F. WARR, ESQ., M.P., MORRIS P. JONES, ESQ., J.P., ALDERMAN T. H. WILLIAMS, J.P. Birector of Museums: HENRY O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S. Assistant Gurator of Derby Alusenm: JOSEPH A. CLUBB, M.Sc. Assistant Gurator of Mayer Muserm: P. ENTWISTLE. GENERAL REPORT. Our record for the past year is one of growth and activity in every direction ; and both in the work done, and in its quality, we have made gratifying progress. The commodious new Library in Everton is doing excellent service in that populous district, and the addition of Reading Rooms for women and boys has fully justified this new departure. A large new Reading Room has been added to the Kensington Library. A new Library and Reading Room has been opened at Walton, and a Lending Library at Sefton Park; while plans have been passed and estimates are now being obtained for a new South Library in Windsor Street. Some pressure has been put upon the Committee to establish further libraries and reading rooms. So far the policy of the Committee has’ been to place them only in great centres of population, and although, where funds permit, it might be desirable to sub-divide some of the larger districts, it is hardly possible to provide libraries and reading rooms in every ward without a serious increase in the Library rate, which the Committee are anxious to avoid. There has been a large increase in the demand for periodicals, due no doubt in great measure to the popular and entertaining character of their contents and the excellence of their illustrations. The Free Lectures have continued to increase in popularity: the average attendance at the Picton Lecture Hall being 1,187. A beginning has been made in the outer districts, where twenty-eight lectures have been delivered to an average attendance of 226. The substitution of electric lighting for gas in the Picton Lecture Hall, and an improved system of ventilation, have greatly added to the comfort of the audiences which assemble in this building. The increasing numbers of visitors to our Museums is the best testimony that they are not losing in their attractiveness, and it is believed that the endeavours being made to introduce a thoroughly scientific Le 4 GENERAL REPORT. classification is causing them to be more largely made use of by students. The total visitors in the year were 337,838, or a daily average of 1,294, This compares with 1,336, the daily average number of visitors to the British Museum (Natural History). A new departure has been taken by the issue of a serial “ The Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums,” which contains the result of original researches made by the Director and_ his staff, descriptions of _ new additions to our Museums, and a portion of the new catalogue of our collection of birds which is in course of compilation. This serial has been very favourably received ; it keeps our Museum work before the scientific world, and gives a standing and position to these as being among the leading institutions of the kind in Europe. The Art Department presents another record of its ever-increasing popularity. The Permanent Collection has been so considerably enriched during the past five years that it forms in itself a gallery, both in extent and in the high quality of the pictures exhibited, that has but few equals. The want of space for the display of further pictures now presses for serious consideration ; and as no department of our work is more widely appreciated by the public, it is to be hoped that an addition to the permanent gallery will be undertaken at an early date. The Autumn Exhibition ot Pictures was a brilliant success. The works exhibited were very attractive, and the attendance of the public was large and appreciative. WILLIAM B. FORWOO D, CHAIRMAN, THE MUSEUMS. The Director of Museums furnishes the Forty-Fifth Annual Report upon the conpucT and PROGRESS of the Museums. I.—GENERAL. Tan Frer Pustic Museums comprise (A) the Drrsy Museum, of which the nucleus was the collections bequeathed in 1851 to the City, by the Thirteenth Earl of Derby. It contains the British Collections, and the general Zoological, Geological, Mineralogical, and Botanical Depart- ments, besides which there is an Aquarium, containing both Fresh and Salt Water Animals; (B) the Mayzr Museum, the larger part of which was collected and presented to the Corporation in 1867, by Joseph Mayer, Esq., F.S.A. These collections are specially rich in (a) ~ Egyptian, Babylonian, and Assyrian Antiquities ; (b) M edieval Huropean Ivories, Bronzes, and Illuminated Manuscripts; (¢) the unrivalled Brian-Faussett Anglo-Saxon Collection; (d) the Vather Miniatures; and (e) the very important Pottery Collections, conspicuously richin Wedgwood and Old Liverpool Wares. Associated with this Museum, as belonging more nearly to the subjects illustrated by it, though not forming to any large extent part of the Mayer Bequest, are (f) the Ethnographical Collections, chiefly of barbaric races. The building, in which these collections are housed, was erected at the cost of the late Sir William Brown, in October, 1860. The Exhibition Galleries are open free to the public, as under :— During January, November, and December ... from 10 to 4 » February Pe ae ws g,,-~«L0 to 4-30 » March and October... sn Oh » lOtod , April to September .. 8 ey . 10 to6 Also on Monday Evenings during January to) March, and October to December ... ) sass The Museums are closed on Sundays and Fridays (except those of Whit- and Easter-Weeks) throughout the year, as well as on Christmas Day, and days of Public Fast and Thanksgiving. 6 MUSEUMS. The Museums were represented by the Director at the Museums Association, which met under the Presidency of Professor HE. Ray Lankester, F.R.S., at Oxford, where the members had an opportunity, under the guidance of their respective Curators, of inspecting the more important exhibits, and studying the methods of arrangement in the New Museums, the Pitt-Rivers Collection, and the Ashmolean Museum. The Director likewise attended the Meeting of the British Association, held in Toronto in August, under the Presidency of Sir John Evans, K.C.B.,F.R.S. Hewasselected by the Council of the Association to deliver the public lecture annually given to the operatives of the City where the Association meets. The lecture, attended by over 1,500 people, was given on Saturday evening, August 21st. After their arrival in Canada, and previous to the meeting of the Association, many of the members were, through the liberality of the Canadian Government and of the various Railway Companies, able to visit the Museums and other Scientific and Educational Institutions in Quebec, Montreal, and Ottawa. At the close of the meeting the Canadian Pacific Railway Company placed at the disposal of three separate parties of selected members, which started on different days, sleeping cars from Toronto to Vancouver, giving them facilities for seeing every place of scientific interest along the route, by detaching their carriage for twenty-four hours, and by providing for them, at these stopping places, special steamers and trains. The Director was attached to the Geological party, under the conduct of Dr. G. M. Dawson, C.M.G., the Director General of the Geological Survey of Canada, assisted by Professor Coleman, Toronto University, Mr. A. E. Barlow and Mr. McInnes, Members of the Geological Survey, who were unwearied in demonstrating and describing all the geological features of interest along the line. The Director, compelled by unforeseen circumstances to turn back at Winnipeg, was able to see a great deal of the mineral deposits of the country thus far West, and to gain a clear idea of its main Geological and Geographical features. He had also the welcome opportunity of personally observing some of the North American Indians. Visits were subsequently paid by him to the National Museum and the Smithsonian Institution, in Washington; the United States Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York; the Peabody Museum at Yale University ; and the Peabody Museum and the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University, Cambridge, MUSEUMS. 7 Mass. The Director is grateful to the officers of these institutions for their great courtesy, and highly appreciates the opportunity the occasion gave him of becoming personally acquainted with many of the American men of Science, whose works he has long been familiar with, or whom he has known only by correspondence. Arrangements for an interchange of duplicates with several of the above named institutions were entered into. During the year has been published the first number of a serial, The Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums, intended to make known the contents of the Museums, so many of which are not only new, but _of great historical interest ; and to publish the results of the investigations carried on in the Laboratories attached to them, and the observations made on the animals living in the Aquarium. The first number was issued on August 4th, and opened with an Introductory note descriptive of the origin of the Collections, with portraits of the Thirteenth Harl of Derby, of Mr. Joseph Mayer and of Sir William Brown, and witha View of the Buildings as they existed in 1897, and contains a Catalogue of the Parrots (Psittaci) in the Derby Museum, illustrated by hand-coloured plates of Nestor norfolcensis (of which the Museum possesses the only known example), of Coriphilus taitianus and of the type. specimen of Nasiterna nanina, Tristram. Two species are therein described as new, i.¢., Pwocephalus rubricapillus, Forbes and Robinson, and Cyanorhamphus magnirostris, Forbes and Robinson. Under the heading of Museum and Aquarium Notes there will be found an illustrated description of a Crustacean parasitic on a Flying-fish; Habitat of Gasterosteus pungitius ; The first feeding of Young Trout; Malapterurus electricus ; Recent acquisitions by the Mayer Museum, and an interesting Folk-lore Note Medicine at the Museums. The Bulletin will be published at irregular intervals ; but it is hoped that one small 8vo. volume, of four parts, will be issued every year. Another matter for congratulation, in connection with the Museums, is the fact that the excavations for the foundations for the much-needed New Technical Schools and Museum Extension have been for several weeks under weigh, and, owing to the specially favourable weather that has been experienced, great progress has been made. The buildings _ will, it is reckoned, be completed by the end of the year 1900. 8 MUSEUMS. IJ.— Vistvors. During the year there has been a slight increase in the number of visitors to the Museums over that of the previous year, as shown by the following table :— 1896. 1897. (245 Days) (261 Days) Total Visitors in the Year ie ae 298,516 -- 337,838 Weekly Average .. Sis a Re 6,092 a 6,496 Daily Average... bre ws A 1,218 1,294 lt may be of interest, for the sake of comparison, to point out that the attendance at the British Museum (Natural History) for 1896 was 417,033 on week days, or a daily average of about 1,336 persons ; that is, a difference in favour of the National over the Liverpool Museum of 42 persons daily, which must be considered very satisfactory. This year the attendances of schools that have taken advantage of the section in the Education Code, under which the time devoted to instruction imparted in Museums reckons as schoo] attendance, have greatly increased. Sixty-three teachers and 1,366 pupils have visited the Museums on 46 occasions, in order to receive lessons from the specimens on exhibition ; while many parents have personally brought their children, for the purpose of giving them special lessons. Persons desirous cf employing the Museums for the purpose of research, reference or sketching, ean, on giving satisfactory references, obtain, by application to the Director, tickets enabling them to enter on ' Fridays, when there are special facilities afforded them for study ; a room is devoted to their accommodation, where particular objects of study may, with the approval of the Director, be brought for their convenience from the cases. Tickets were issued, as usual, during the year (chiefly) to Artists and Students of Natural History, Osteology and Dental Anatomy, who have made extensive use of the collections on the days the Museums were otherwise closed to the public. The Museums were open on twenty-five Monday evenings during the periods of January to March, and October to December, when the total attendances were 9,838, giving an average of 393 each evening, which is an increase on the previous year’s attendance. During the year many Zoologists and Anthropologists have inspected the collections, among whom may be mentioned Professor Haddon, Dublin ; Sir Henry Howarth, K.C.LE., F.R.S., London ; Professor 8. J. Hickson, MUSEUMS. 9 F.R.S., Manchester; E. M. Janion, Sumatra; Dr. Huxley; Dr. _ Wiglesworth, Rainhill ; Dr. Munro, Edinburgh ; Miss Holt, Liverpool ; Professor H. Alleyne Nicholson, F.R.S., Aberdeen; Frank Russel, Peabody Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.; Dr. Goldschmidt, Berlin ; B. P. Lascelles, M.A., Harrow; E. Hartert, Zoological Museum, Tring ; Graf von Berlepsch, Schloss Berlepsch, Gertenbach ; Professor Revillout, the Louvre, Paris; Mde. and Mlle. Revillout; Dr. Perey Rendall; C. H. Read, British Museum; J. L. Myres, Oxford ; W. H. Seton-Karr; J. Edge Partington; W. E. Crum, British Museum ; Rey. J. Chalmers, D.D., New Guinea; Dr. Gregory, British Museum; Dr. Hans Greven, Berlin; C. M. Pleyte, Leyden ; A. Trapnell, Bristol ; Professor George P. Merrill, Curator, Department of Geology, U. 8. National Museum ; Edward Bidwell, Twickenham ; Coutts Trotter, Edinburgh. ITI.— Lectures. Twenty-one Lectures were delivered by members of the staff on Monday evenings in the Theatre of the Museum. They were illustrated by specimens from the Museums and by lantern slides. The total attendance at the Lectures was 3,292. The following is a list of the subjects :— A course of six Lectures on “Eskimo Life” was given by the Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum, Mr. P. Entwistle :— Jan. 11th.—‘‘ The Greenland Eskimo.” I. Jan. 18th.—* The Greenland Eskimo.” II. Jan. 25th“ The Arts and Crafts of the Eskimo.” I. Feb. 1st.—‘‘ The Arts and Crafts of the Eskimo.” IL. Feb. 8th.—‘‘ The Kayak and its Furnishing.” Feb. 15th.—* The American Eskimo.” _ A-course of six Lectures was given by the Assistant in the Derby Museum, Mr. W.S. Laverock, M.A., B.Se. :— Feb. 22nd.—* The Frog and its Relations at Home and Abroad.’ Mar. 1st.—“ The Tadpole.” Mar. 8th.—‘ Tree Frogs and other forms.” Mar. 15th.— The Toad.” Mar. 22nd.—* Newts and Salamanders.” Mar. 29th.—‘ Gill-bearing Amphibians and Fossil Forms.” “ 10 MUSEUMS. By the Assistant Curator of the Derby Museum, Mr. J. A. Clubb, M. Sc. :— Oct. 4th.— Skeletons of Animals and their uses.” A course of four Lectures on “Common Wild Flowers,” by Mr. W. SS. Laverock :— Oct. 11th.—* The Buttercup.” I. Oct. 18th.— The Buttereup.” II. Oct. 25th.—“ The Poppy.” Noy. 1st.—‘‘ The Daisy.” A course of four Lectures on “The Indian Tribes of N. W. America,” by Mr. P. Entwistle :— Noy. 8th.— Their Characteristics and Organization.” Noy. 15th.— Their Textile and other Arts.” Nov. 22nd.—*“ Their Ceremonies.” Nov. 29th.—‘ Their Totems, etc.” A. DERBY MUSEUM. THE Enrrance HALL and GALLERIES. (BRITISH COLLECTIONS.) Little change beyond the filling of blanks in the series has taken place in the British Collections, except the addition of a very fine specimen of — a Sigillarian trunk with Stigmarian roots, standing 54 feet above the floor, which we owe to the munificence of J. Harmood Banner, Esq. This is a most instructive specimen, and at once conveys, as no amount of reading can, an idea of the character of the flora of the coal-bearing measures. Through the courtesy of Mr. G. A. Haworth, ex-President of the Liverpool Geological Association, two members of the Museum Staff were enabled to see the fossil in situ, so as to make a report upon its value and suitability as a Museum specimen. It was situated in the roof of the Wigan Six-feet Seam, Ince Hall Collieries, the base of the stem being then exposed and two of the roots visible for a considerable part of their length. The Director wishes to record here his thanks to Mr. Knowles and Mr. Haworth for the care and skill with which they had it quarried and safely conveyed to the Museum. This specimen is being built up in the Gallery immediately over the Main Entrance. a MUSEUMS. ‘See ZooLoGicAL DEPARTMENT. (a) GENERAL. During the past year there has been no change in the number or duties of the staff. Mr. Herbert C. Robinson, however, who had volunteered his services at the end of 1896, has been engaged on the temporary staff.. His whole time has been devoted to the Catalogue of the Birds, and working in conjunction with the Director, he has com- pleted the naming and labelling of the Parrots (Psittact) ; the Cuckoos and Plantain-eaters (Cuculi) ; the Woodpeckers (Pici), etc. Of these the Catalogue of the Psittaci has been published in the first number of the Bulletin of the Museums ; while that of the Cuckoos (Cuculide) and Plantain-eaters (Musophagide) is now in the press, and will be published early in the year (1898). A few duplicates of mounted Mammals, Birds, Fishes, and Invertebrates were presented to the Catholic Blind Asylum, Brunswick Road. A small collection of duplicate Minerals was sent to the Board School, Croft, near Warrington. (6b) ARRANGEMENT. The re-arrangement of the Zoological Collections in the room which (when the proposed extension of the Museums is completed) will be the commencement of the continuous Gallery destined to contain the Vertebrates, has now been completed. This room is devoted to Man and the Simian Anthropoidea, viz. :—the Chimpanzees, the Gorillas, the Orang-utans and the Gibbons. The new series of skulls, casts and photographic enlargements, illustrating the various races of mankind— the Caucasian, the Mongolian and the Melanesian—which still retains its popularity, has been further extended during the year. Further re- arrangement is, however, in abeyance for the present, and until the new Extension, which is now under construction, has been completed. In the Invertebrate Galleries it has been impossible to undertake any very special re-arrangement. Several of the groups of the Insecta have been re-arranged in new drawers by the Zoological Assistants, by whom also the numerous species added to the Museum during the year, both of Vertebrates and Invertebrates, have been determined and catalogued. Many Spirit and Formal preparations have, in addition, been made by them for the various exhibition galleries. 12 MUSEUMS. The commencement made last year with the General Catalogue of the Derby Museum on the Card-system has been continued ; the Catalogue of the Mayer Museum has been begun. The cataloguing and registering of the Bird Collection is proceeding pari passu with the naming and labelling of the specimens. (c) CONSERVATION. The usual work of conservation has been continued throughout the year. The examination of the Spirit Collections—chiefly of Invertebrata—long stored in the Spirit Room, referred to in the last Report, has been continued, and the preservative fluids in which they were kept, renewed. The arranging of them into groups has also been continued ; but a considerable time must elapse before this work can be completed. All the Collections have been periodically examined, dusted and kept free from moth and other pests. A large number of mounted specimens, principally of Birds, have been reduced and made into cabinet skins for the Study Collection. Numerous specimens of various Vertebrate groups have, as during last year, been placed in Spirit or Formal for future histological use, or for making preparations in illustration of exhibited specimens. (d) Loans. Several species of birds (Corvide) were lent to the Hon. Walter Rothschild for study at his Museum at Tring, Herts ; and a number of specimens of Millepora, chiefly from the West Indies, to Professor Hickson, F.R.S., Manchester. Professor Herdman, F.R.S., University College, Liverpool, also received on loan, a number of specimens for the illustration of his Christmastide Lectures to Children. (e) PRESENTS. The number of gifts made to the Museum during the year shows no falling off as compared with last year. Many of these are valuable and interesting specimens, but few are of outstanding importance. Mr. Ridyard, Chief Engineer of the 8.8. “ Niger,” one of Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Company’s fleet, has this year again brought over MUSEUMS. 13 for the Aquarium, from West Africa, on frequent occasions, living specimens of the Electric Cat-fish (Malapterurus electricus) and of the “ Walking-fish” (Periophthalmus koelreuteri) as well as numerous specimens of Mammals and Birds. The most notable single gift to the General Collections in the Derby Museum during the year was the large and valuable collection of North American Birds’ Eggs, made by H. Noble Hsq., of Temple Combe, Henley-on-Thames, “to whom the thanks of the Council were voted on the 7th of July. (f) EXcHANGES. } A mounted specimen of Apteryx owent (28. 7. 97. 1) was exchanged with Mr. H. GC. Robinson, for three Bird Skins :—Stringops habroptilus, Prosthemedera nove zealandia, and Irena puella. Stuffed specimen of the Red Howler Monkey (Mycetes seniculus) ; sent to the Preston Museum. African Mud-fish (Protopterus annectens); sent to Professor Bashford Dean, Columbia College, New York, and to Professor Howes, F.R.S., Royal College of Science, London. (g) ACQUISITIONS. INVERTEBRATES— Porifera. (Sponges.) Sycandra compressa; Halichondria sp. (30. 12. 96. 1 & 2); collected at Port Erin, Isle of Man (omitted from last Report). Coelenterata. (Zoophytes, Sea Anemones, etc.) Tubularia indivisa ; Garveia nutans (20. 3. 97. 1 & 2); collected at Hilbre Island. Sertularella polyzonias ; Antennularia antennina ; A. ramosa ; Tubularia sp. ; Actinia equina; Anemonia sulcata ; Bunodes verrucosa (30. 12. 96. 3-9) ; collected at Port Erin (omitted from last Report). Echinoderma. (Starfishes, etc.) Two Brittle-Stars (20. 3. 97. 11) ; collected at Hilbre Island. Plate of Uintacrinus socialis ; presented by Mr. F. Bather, British Museum, and printed description of same (11. 5. 97. 2. & 3); presented by Mr. W. Hoyle, Manchester. 14 MUSEUMS. Sixteen Micro-photographs of sections of Echinoderm Spines (29. 10.97. 1-16); presented by Mr. J. H. Hardy. Brissopsis lyrifera; Echinus miliaris; E. sphera; Solaster papposa ; Ophiocoma nigra ; Ophiothrix pentaphyllum ; Amphiura squamata ; Antedon rosaceus (30. 12. 96. 10-17); collected at Port Erin (omitted from last Report). Vermes. (Worms, etc.) Six Nematodes (sp. indet.) (2. 2. 97. 1); from body of Rhea. The Spawn of Arenicola piscatorum and Nereis sp. (20. 3. 97. 9 & 10); collected at Hilbre Island. Three Common Earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) (5. 4. 97. 1); collected at Sefton Park and presented by Mr. Wm. 8. Laverock. Piece of Rock, containing numerous Brachiopods (Orthis sp.), from the summit of Snowdon (24. 8.97.1); presented by Mr. Griffith Williams, per Mr. D. Jones. Nereis pelagica ; Nereissp.; Arenicola piscatorum ; Polynoe sp. (30. 12. 96. 18-21); collected at Port Erin (omitted from last Report). Arthropoda. Crustacea (Crabs, Lobsters, etc.). Limnoria terebrans (in situ) in wood, from the River Mersey at Seaforth (24. 3. 97. 1); presented by Mr. Brodie. Two Prawns (Palemon serratus) (29. 4. 97. 2), and one just beginning to cast its shell (21. 5. 97. 1) ; both from the Aquarium. Seven Wood-lice (Oniscus sp.) (8. 11. 97. 1); from Liverpool. Hyas coarctatus ; Galathea squamifera (young) ; Ebalia tumefacta ; Porcellana longicornis ; Palemon serratus and Pagurus sp. (30. 12. 96. 21-26) ; collected at Port Erin (omitted from last Report). Tracheata. (Insects, Spiders, etc.) Collection of 46 specimens of Australian Lepidoptera from Northern Queensland, among which are species of Ornithoptera ; Papilio; Charames ; Melanites ; Eustychema ; Daphnis and Macroglossa (12. 1. 97. 1-46) ; also two Butterflies (Papilio spp.), from Borneo (19. 11. 97. 1 & 2); presented by Mr. H. C. Robinson. Two Large Cocoons of a species of Colonial Moth from West Africa (25. 3. 97. 1 & 2); purchased. One Cicada and a Collection of Lepidoptera from Benin, consisting of about 30 species and 90 specimens, of which the following have been determined ;— MUSEUMS. ‘15 Apatura misippus, 6 and § ; Orpheides erithonius, § ; Danais aleippus ; Papilio policenes ; Ergolis enothrea; Eunica amulia; Pieris calypso ; Diadema dubius ; D. salmacis ; Buncea alcinoe ; Patula macrops ; Phalene cocalus and Nephele peneus (1. 10. 97. 2-31) ; presented by Mr. Arthur Hewer. Collection of Lepidoptera from Syria, consisting of 21 specimens (spp. indet.) (19. 10. 97. 1-21); presented by Mr. Newall. Moth (Tryphena pronuba) (29. 8. 97. 1). Collection of Lepidoptera from Benin River District, W. Africa, consisting of 20 specimens (spp. indet.) (4. 5. 97. 2-21); presented by Mr. R. Wade. Five specimens of Moths (Zeniocampa opima, ¢ & $; Phragmatobia fuliginosa, $&%; and Orthosia macilenta) (11. 12. 97. 1-3); presented by Mr. Birch. Insects (spp. indet.) in various stages ; Spiders (spp. endet.), collected from timber, probably imported from India(24. 7.97.1-20); other Insects (spp. indet.) ; one larva of Goat Moth (Cossus ligniperda), from English Elin ; two Chrysalids (spp. indet.), from American Ash (7. 8. 97. 1-20); three Spiders (spp. indet.) (21.8. 97. 1-3) ; two Spiders and three Harvestmen (spp. indet.) (18. 9. 97. 1-5); presented by Mr. William Swan. Rock Scorpion (Buthus afer) ; two Spiders (Mygale sp.) ; four Spiders (spp. indet.) ; Spider’s Nest with young (1. 1. 97. 6-12) ; two Spiders (Mygale sp.) (27. 4. 97. 8); Mantis sp. (20. 8. 97. 1), from W. Africa; presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Two Spiders (Mygale sp.) ; Rock Scorpion (Buthus afer); two Centipedes (Scolopendra sp.) and one Caterpillar (7. 12. 97. 35-38) ; presented by Mr. W. E. Gibney, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Two Goliath Beetles (Goliathus giganteus), from W. Africa (13. 4. 97. 1& 2) ; presented by Mr. Hendrick. Five small Beetles (Amara communis, Panz.), from Liverpool (18. 5. 97. 2); various stages in the life-history of Z%pula oleracea, from Sefton Park (29. 5. 97. 2); an Insect Larva, im situ, in apple with Chrysalis and perfect Insect (11. 10. 97. 1) ; presented by Mr. W. S. Laverock. Scorpion (Buthus testaceus (?) ), from Ashton, Cape Town, 8. Africa (12. 1. 97. 1); presented by Mr. H. A. Dibbin, C.E., per Mr. J. S. Dibbin. Four Centipedes (Scolopendra sp.), from Tuebrook (30. 4. 97. 1); presented by Mr. P. Entwistle. Stages in the development of the Blow-fly (7. 4. 97. 2); an in the Laboratory. Centipede (Scolopendra sp.) and Millipede (Julus sp.) (27. 5. 97. 2 & 3); six Chrysalids ; eight Beetles and one Centipede (8. 11. 97. 2-4), 16 MUSEUMS. One Longicorn Beetle (Astinomus cedilis) (9. 10. 97. 1); presented by Mr. R. Norbury. Saw Fly (Screw gigas), found in timber yard, Bootle (28. 7. 97. 2); presented by Mr. W. Hibbert. Two Dragon Flies (spp. indet.) (27. 7. 97. 1), (3. 8. 97. 1)—(the former caught on Landing Stage), Liverpool ; purchased. Larval Stage of Common Cricket (@ryllus domesticus) (1. 10. 97. 1); presented by Mr. T. H. Wardleworth. . Two Locusts (Pachylus migratorius) from Italy (7. 12. 97. 1 & 2); presented by Mr. J. F. Jevons. A collection of local Lepidoptera (consisting of 46 species of Butterflies and 510 species of Moths), containing upwards of 1,000 specimens (31. 12. -96. 8-564) ; purchased (omitted from last Report). Mollusca. Land Shell (Bulimus tenebricus), from near Lake Mweru, Central Africa (9. 2. 97. 1); presented by Mr. F. S. Arnot. Collection of Mediterranean Shells, consisting of about 135 specimens, from Alexandria :— Canarium fasciatum ; C. gibberulus ; Patella athletica ; Janthina fragilis ; Galerus chinensis; Hutropia variegata; Nassa mutabilis; N. gibbosula ; N. variabilis ; Scalaria venosa ; Neritula neritea ; Haliotis lamellosa ; Oliva bulbosa ; Cyprea turdus; Typhis sowerbyi ; Pisania maculosa ; Euthria lignaria ; Phasianella pullus; Fusus syracusanus; Bulla ampulla (var.) ; Fissurella sp. (juv.); Nerita polita; N. squamulata; N. chameleon ; N. antiquatus; Cerithium sp. ; Ziziphinus exiguus ; Clanculus cruciatus ; Murex erinaceus ; M. trunculus; M. tribulus; Natica olla ; Columbella sp. ; Abra alba ; Mactra stultorum ; Circe corrugata ; C. egyptiaca ; Pecten varius ; P. sanguinolenta ; Lima paucicostata ; Chama sp. ; Hyalea affinis (2. 3. 97. 1-42); presented by Mrs. Dodd, Birkenhead. Specimens of Dendronotus arborescens ; Archidoris tuberculata ; Acanthodoris pilosa ; ELolis papillosa ; Coryphella rufibranchialis ; Cuthona nana (20. 3. 97. 3-8) ; collected at Hilbre Island. Four specimens of Bulimus fossilis, from Sugar Loaf Hill, St. Helena ; and Helix bipartita, from N. Australia (21. 4. 97. 1 & 2); presented by Mr. H. C. Robinson. Fresh-water Mussel (Anodonta cygnea) (25. 6. 97. 1) ; from the Aquarium. Three Fresh-water Mussels, with the sides of the shells eroded and perforated by an undetermined agency (3. 9. 97. 2) (19. 10. 97. 22); from the Aquarium, MUSEUMS. 17 Collection of Shells from La Corbiere, Jersey (1. 6. 97. 2); presented by Mr. Alfred C. Kelling. Cuttle Fish (Zledone cirrhosus) from Egremont (29. 4. 97. 1) ; presented by Mr. J. Baker. Flying Squid (Ommastrephes sagittatus), caught off Douglas Head ; taken from the Store Room, with no reference number and now referred to Register of this year (19. 5. 97. 2). Specimens of Pecten opercularis, Littorina littorea, L. obtusata, Lamellarva perspicua, Aplysia punctata and Lamellidoris prowima (30. 12. 96. 27-32) ; collected at Port Erin, Isle of Man (omitted from last Report). CHORDATES. Fishes. Six Electric Cat-fish (Malapterwrus electricus) (one 2ft. lin. in length and weighing 9 lbs.) from Boma River and Rio del Rey (1. 1. 97. 1) (20. 8. 97. 8) (7.12.97. 32); four Mud-fish (Protopterus annectens) (27. 4. 97. 13) (15.5.97. 1); Twenty Walking-fish (Periophthalmus kcelreuteri) from Rio del Rey (27. 4. 97. 3) (7. 12. 97. 33) (20. 8. 97. 6); Cat-fish (Auchenaspis biscutatus) (20. 8. 97. 17) ; two Young Cat-fish (Clarias sp.) (20. 8. 97. 16) (27. 4. 97. 1); three other Fishes (gen. et sp. indet.) (27. 4. 97. 10) (7. 12. 97. 34); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. _ Twenty-one Walking-fish (Periophthalmus keelreuteri), from Rio del Rey, _ W. Africa (7. 12. 97. 3); presented by Mr. Forman per Mr. A. Ridyard. (Seven transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London, December, 1897). Three Young Fishes (Hemirhamphus calabaricus), from Ukaka, Eloby, West Africa (7. 12.97. 39) ; presented by Mr. W. G. Stokes per Mr. A. Ridyard. A collection of Deep-sea Fishes :—Stomias boa; Alepocephalus rostratus ; Pomatomus telescopium; and four Scopelus benoiti from the Mediterranean (14. 1. 97. 1-7) ; purchased. Lump-sucker (Cyclopterus lwmpus), from Garston (3. 4. 97. 1) ; aunepenk Trout with arrested development of the upper jaw, from the River Alyn, North Wales (19. 4. 97. 1); presented by Mr. H. Davies, Wrexham. Stages in the development of the Loch Leven Trout (5. 5. 97. 2); two North American Cat-fish (Amdwrus sp.) (18. 5. 97.1) (7. 6. 97. 1); two young Eels from Rainford (26. 5. 97. 1) (27. 5. 97.1); Stone Loach (Vemacheilus _barbatula) (29. 5. 97. 1); Nine-spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus pungitius), ‘diseased (24. 7. 97. 1); two Greater Sand-eels (Ammodytes lanceolatus) from the Estuary of the Dee, Cheshire (19. 8. 97. 1) ; young Conger Eel (20. 8. 97. 1); several young Rainbow Trout (Salmo crideus), affected with a ciliated Infusorian (2. 9. 97. 1) (3. 9. 97. 1); two Short-spined Cottuses (Cottus 18 MUSEUMS. scorpius), d and $,(15. 9. 97. 1); Fifteen-spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus spinachia) (21. 9. 97.1); young Three-bearded Rockling (Motella tricirrata) (18, 12, 97. 1); three Three-spined Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from Leasowe (23. 12.97. 1); White Bream (Abramis blicea) (24. 12. 97. 1); Roach (Leuciscus rutilus) (24. 12. 97. 2); from the Aquarium. Flying Gurnard (Dactylopterus volitans), from the French Ivory Coast, South West Africa (18. 5. 97. 3); presented by Mr. Sidney J. B. Toby. Tope (Galeus vulgaris), $, caught at the Bar, River Mersey (9. 9. 97. 1); purchased. Eel (Conger macrops), caught in the Atlantic (17. 12. 96. 1); presented by Mr. Hendrick, Purser, R.M.S. “Teneriffe ” (omitted from last Report). Spurangium jugleri, probably the egg case of the Wealden Fish Hybodus, and separated valves of Spirangium, from the Hastings Sand, near Hastings (8. 3. 97. 37 and 37a) ; purchased. Amphibians. Stages in the development of the Common Frog (5. 5. 97. 1); Green Tree Frog (Hyla arborea) (4. 12. 97. 1); from the Aquarium. Reptiles. Chameleon (Chameleon parvilobus) (1. 1. 97. 3) ; two Snakes (Typhlops sp.) from Fernando Po, and (Naja melonoleuca) from Rio del Rey (1. 1. 97. 4 & 5) ; three Lizards (Agama colonorum) and a Snake (gen. et sp. indet.) from W. Africa (27. 4. 97. 4 & 9); young African Python (Python sebe) from Fernando Po (20. 8. 97. 15) ; Head of Nose-horned Viper (Vipera nasicornis), and young African Python (Python sebe) (7. 12. 97. 26 & 27); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Tree Snake (Gastropyxis smaragdina) and Young Crocodile (gen. et sp. indet.) from Cameroon (7. 12. 97. 42 & 43); presented by Mr. W. E. Gibney, per Mr. A. Ridyard. British Viper (Pelias berus) from Llanberis, N. Wales (29. 3. 97. 1); presented by Mr. John Hind. Young Alligator (yen. et sp. indet.) found in the hold of a ship in the docks (6. 4. 97. 1) ; purchased. Three Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) from Texas (24. 6. 97,1); presented by Mr. W. Roxburgh and Mr. S. McInnes, Engineers, s.s. ‘‘ Belgian King,” per Mrs. Soldat. MUSEUMS. 19 Green Lizard (Lacerta viridis) from Madeira (30. 7. 97. 1) ; two British Ringed Snakes (Zropidonotus natrix) (10. 8. 97. 1) (31. 8. 97. 1); from the Aquarium. ' Young Lizard (Varanus niloticus) (30. 10. 97. 1) ; purchased. Birds. The species indicated by an asterisk are new to the Collection. Weaver-bird’s Nest, from W. Africa (1. 1. 97. 2); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Nineteen specimens from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland (7. L' 97. 1-19); collected by Mr. H. C. Robinson :—Podargus papuensis, Q. & G.; two Oriolus viridis, Lath. ; Philemon buceroides, Swains. ; P. argenticeps, Gould ; two Chlamydodera orientalis, Gould; Graucalus hypoleucus, Gould; G. melanops, Lath.; Chibia bracteata, Gould; Lalage leucomelena, Vig. & Horsf. ; Chalcophaps chrysochlora, Wagl.; Halcyon macleayt, Jard. and Selby ; Ptilopus superbus, Temm., ¢ & 8; P. swainsoni, Gould; Psitteuteles chlorolepidotus, Kuhl. ; Ptilotis flavistriata, Gould ; and Calornis metallica, Temm.; also the following :—Cinnyris frenatus (2. 3. 97. 44); Robin (Brithacus rubecula), § (17. 5. 97. 1); two Bucco torquatus, from Bogota ; Melanerpes erythrocephalus, from N. America ; Trachyphonus gofini and Pogonorhynchus bidentatus, from W. Africa (21. 6. 97. 1-4) ; Ptdopus superbus ; P. swainsoni and Myzomela obscura, from Cooktown, N. Australia ; MJesobucco duvauceli and * M. eaimius, from Mt. Kalulong, N. Borneo (19. 7. 97. 1-5) ; Rook (Trypanocoraz frugilegus); Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) and Thrush (Turdus musicus), from Aigburth (6. 10. 97. 1-3) ; Golden-winged Wood- pecker (Colaptes auratus), d&%, from Canada (13. 12. 97. 1) and Urogalba paradisea, from British Guiana (24. 12. 97. 3); presented by Mr. H. C. Robinson. Spoonbill (Platalea lewcorodia) (29. 1. 97. 1) ; White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) (3.2.97. 1); Goosander (Mergus merganser), 6; Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) (4. 2. 97. 1 & 2) and Coot (Fulica atra) (9. 3. wi. 2); purchased. Rhea americana, ¢, (1. 2. 97. 1); presented by Mr. Proctor, Noctorum Birkenhead. Three Rhamphoceelus icteronotus (23. 2. 97. 11-13); presented by Mr. E. K. Dunstall. *Carpophaga nuchalis; * Prioniturus montanus, $ and &; *Pitta kochi, and $ juv.; *Merula thomassoni, ; *Chlorura brunneiventris, 36,from N. Luzon; * Carpophaga mindorensis, ¢, from Mindoro (23. 2. 97. 1-8); 20 MUSEUMS. * Trichoglossus djampeanus, from Djampea Island (15. 6. 97. 1); two * Pteridophora alberti (23. 2. 97. 9 & 10) ; * Parotia carole, from New Guinea (29. 6. 97. 1); Diphyllodes chrysoptera (21. 10. 97. 1); *Centropus melanops, from Samar, and Xantholema rosea, from Negros (21. 12. 97. 1 & 2); purchased. Specimen of Dicrocercus furcatus, from W. Africa (31. 5. 97. 1); presented by Mrs. G. Castellain. Specimens of Pelagodroma marina, and Egg from Salvage Islands (13. 7. 97. 1 & 2); presented by Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, British Museum. Wild Duck (Anas boschas), 3, caught wild in Liverpool (26. 11. 97. 1) ; presented by Mr. J. Fraser. Small Parrot (Paocephalus meyeri), $, (17. 12. 97. 1); presented by Mr. Rotch. Selection of specimens, ex J. Whitehead’s Collection from the Philippine Islands:—Oriolus chinensis, 3 ; Pitta kochi, $ ; * Loxia luzoniensis, g and 2 3; *Zosterornis whiteheadi, $ and § ; *Z. dennistounit, g and & ; * Zosterops aureiloris, 6; Z. luzonica, 6 and $; Z. meyent, 5 ; * Hyloterpe albiventris, 6; * Brachypteryx poliogyna, g and %; Lrithacus calliope 6; *Chimarrhornis bicolor, ¢6 and §; *Pyrrhula leucogenys, 3 and § ; Iyngipicus validirostris, % ; * Diceeum luzoniense, 3; *Cinnyris whiteheadn, 6 and §; *C. flagrans, ¢ (14. 12. 97. 27-52); purchased. Egyptian Goose (Chenalopex egyptiaca) (13. 3. 97.1); presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee. Three Eider Ducks (Somaterza mollissima) and skeleton; 7 Guillemots (Uria troile) and 2 skeletons; Great Eagle Owl (Bubo maximus) (13. 4. 97.°3-5) ; purchased. A Collection of Bird Skeletons :—Z'rochalopteron sinense ; Sitagra olivaceas from South Africa; Chrysotis estiva; Skull of Dendrocygna fulva; Dendrocopus major ; Falco wsalon ; Strix flammea ; Syrnium aluco ; Calodromas elegans ; Cinclus aquaticus ; Terpsiphone perspicillata ; Rallus aquaticus; Gallinula chloropus; Skull of Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus; Turnix nigricollis; Ibis ethiopica (imperfect); Cinnyris talatala; Gecinus viridis; Columba palumbus; Gallinago gallinula ; Dacelo gigantea; Apteryx sp.; Chloris chloris ; Passer domesticus ; two Turdus musicus ; Upupa epops; Eurylemus javanicus; Pyrrhula rubicilla ; Melanocorypha tartarica ; Rollulus roulroul ; Caprimulgus ewropeus ; Uria trode; Corvus corax; C. corniz; Grus cinerea; Lalage dominica ; Criniger phwocephalus (13. 4. 97. 6-43) ; purchased. Four Birds :—Columba leuconota ; Rhamphastos ariel ; Calenas nicobarica ; Garrulax sp. (27. 4. 97. 14-17) ; purchased. MUSEUMS. 21 Two Nests of Waxbill from Sepelli, Benin (4. 5. 97. 1); presented by Mr. R. Wade. Wren’s Nest in the crevice of a Willow Tree, from New Ferry, Cheshire (11. 5. 97. 1) ; presented by Mr. G, Smith. * Rhipidornis gulielmi tertit (12. 5. 97. 2); purchased. Young Razor-bill (Alca torda) from the Mersey Estuary (9. 7. 97. 1) ; presented anonymously. Hight specimens of Otocorys leucolema,; seven Plectrophanes nivalis, Canada ; Turdus mustelinus, Honduras ; Micropternus gularis ; Thereiceryx zeylonica ; two Xantholema hematocephala and Campophaga sykesi, from Southern India; Species (indet.) of T'yrannide, from Omoa, Honduras; * Finsch’s Bird of Paradise (Paradisea finschi) ; four Piezorhynchus leucotis, $ aud 9%; and P. gouldi, from Cooktown, N. Australia (14. 12. 97. 76-102) ; purchased. Common Scoter (@demia nigra) (9.12. 97. 1); purchased. Zenaidura carolinensis (Linn.), ¢ and 8; Melopelia leucoptera (Linn.), g aud $; * Columba migrirostris, Sclat., two 3g ; Leptoptila brachyptera, G. R. Gr. ; * L. cassini, Lawr., two ¥ ; Scardafella inca, Bp., § ; Peristera cinerea, Temm. & Knip., ¢ (31. 12. 97. 1-11); purchased. Abnormal Egg of Domestic Fowl (13. 5. 97. 1) ; presented by Mrs. Gamlin. A collection of North American Birds’ Eggs and Nests, including rare species from the far North and extreme South-Western regions, consisting of over 200 species (25. 6. 97. 2-); presented by H. Noble, Exq., Temple Combe, Henley-on-Thames. Mammals. Red Howler Monkey (Mycetes seniculus), from New Granada (11. 1. 97. 1); Orang-utan (Sima satyrus), juv. 3(19. 1. 97. 1); Grey-cheeked Mangabey (Cercocebus albigena), § (9. 3. 97. 1); White-nosed Monkey (Cercopithecus schmidt), 3 (15. 3.97. 1); Diana Monkey (Cercopithecus diana), $ (18. 3.. 97. 1); Mona Monkey (Cercopithecus mona), 5 (19. 3. 97. 1); White-nosed Monkey (Cercopithecus schmidti ?), 3 (26. 3. 97. 1); Green Monkey (Cercopithecus callitrichus), 5 (31. 3. 97. 1); African Brush-tailed Porcupine (Atherura africana) (13. 3. 97. 2); Siamese Cat (Felis domesticus) (19.1. 97. 2); young Duyker-bok (Cephalophus grimmi), §,(30. 1. 97. 1); Vulpine Phalanger - (Prichosurus vulpecula), § (30. 1.97. 2); Three-toed Sloth (Bradypus tridactylus), d three hours old (10. 5. 97. 1) ; purchased. Ancient Egyptian Mummy Head, unrolled, from Egypt (2. 3. 97. 43) ; presented by Mrs. Dodd, Birkenhead. 22 MUSEUMS. Foetal Seal from Pribyloff Islands (25. 3. 97. 3); presented by Mr. Barrett-Hamilton. Part of Humerus of Bos sp., from the Submerged Forest, Leasowe (25. 3. 97. 4); Star-nosed Mole (Condylura cristata) from island in Lake of the Woods, North America (20. 9. 97. 1) ; presented by the Director of Museums. Chimpanzee (Anthropopithecus troglodytes), d, from Quillo, Loango, West Africa (7. 12. 97. 44) ; Bosman’s Potto (Perodicticus potto), from West Africa (27. 4. 97. 12); two Squirrels (Sciwrus erythrogenys ?) from West Africa (27. 4. 97. 11) and (gen. et sp. indet.) (20. 8. 97. 3) ; young Pouched Rat (Cricetomys gambianus) from Fernando Po (20. 8. 97.5); young African Civet Cat ( Viverra civetta), § , from West Africa (7. 12.97. 25); Horn of an Antelope (Z'ragelaphus gratus?) from Bata, M’pongwee Country, West Africa (20. 8. 97. 11) ; young Pangolin (Manis tricuspis), from Fernando Po (20. 8. 97. 2); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Young Galago (Galago demidofi), d, from Bata, West Africa (7. 12. 97. 45) ; presented by Mr. John Newbury, per Mr. A Ridyard. Skeleton of Leopard (Felis pardus), incomplete, from South-west Africa (18. 5. 97. 4); presented by Mr. Sidney J. B. Toby. Fourteen Embryos (10. 5. 97. 2) from West Indies; presented by Dr. Percy Rendall. Collection of Mammals (skins with skulls, and spirit specimens), ea Dr. Percy Rendall’s Collection :— Marsupialia— Philander trinitatus, ¢, and Marmosa murina, 6, from Trinidad. Rodentia — Mus decumanus, 6, Tobago; M. rattus, ¢ and %, Trinidad; M. alevandrinus, §, Trinidad; Heteromys anomalis, ¢ and %, Trinidad ; Echimys trinitatus, two §, Trinidad; Lonchires guiane, %, Trinidad ; Oryzomys brevicauda, 46 and %, Trinidad; Sciurus annulatus, %, British Central Africa. Cheiroptera— Carollia brevicauda, ¢ and ¥, skins, also one in spirit, Tobago ; Molossus obscurus, two 3g, Trinidad; Artibeus planirostris, in spirit, Trinidad ; Sarcopteryx bilineata, in spirit, Trinidad; S. leptwra, in spirit, Tobago ; Vespertilio nigricans, in spirit, Tobago; Schizostoma megalotis, in spirit, Tobago ; Brachylla cavernarum, in spirit, St. Vincent (14. 12. 97. 2-26) ; purchased. Collection of Mammals (skins with skulls), ew J. Whitehead’s Collection :— MUSEUMS. 23 Rodentia— From North Luzon :—Chrotomys whiteheadi, Thos, d and §, Phleomys pallidus, Nehr. ¢ ; Crateromys schadenbergi, Meyer, § ; Mus everetti, two ¢ (one immature); M. luzonicus, ¢ and § ; M. chrysocomus, two Sed Rhynchomys soricoides, § ; Carpomys phewrus, 3 ; CU. melanurus, 6 and &. From North Borneo :—Hylomys swillus, 9 ; Sciurus notatus, Thos. 9 ; S. whiteheadi; % S. jentincki, 3. Carnivora— Black Musang, §, North Luzon. Cheiroptera— Pteropus jubatus, Esch. 3g and %, North Luzon; P. vampirus, %, Catanduanes Island. Primates— Tursius fuscus, §, Samar Island (14. 12. 97. 53-75) ; purchased. Skeleton of N. Australian Aboriginal (Homo sapiens) (14. 12. 97. 1); purchased. Three sub-fossil fragments of Bone (sp. indet.), from Caerwys Quarry, Pwllgwyn, Wales (22. 12. 97. 1); presented by Mr. Manger. BotanicaL DEPARTMENT. The acquisitions in this Department are as follows :— Models of Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisie) ; Black Mould (Rhizopus nigricans) Male Fern (Aspidium filix mas) ; Bracken (Péeris serrulata) ; Spikelet of Oat (Avena sativa) ; Rye (Secale cereale) ; Buttercup (Ranunculus acris) ; Lark- spur (Delphininm Consolida); Christmas Rose (Heleborus niger); Monk’s Hood (Aconitum Napellus); Red Poppy (Papaver Rheas); Rape (Brassica Napus) ; Stonecrop (Sedum acre); Pea (Pisum sativum); Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) ; Clover (Trifolium pratense); Stinking Mayweed (Anthemis Cotula) ; Cornflower (Centaurea Cyanus) (4. 1. 97. 1-18) ; purchased. Collection of Fossil Plants (8. 3. 97. 1-42) from the Hastings Sand near Hastings, consisting of over 100 specimens, referred to about 40 species :— Chara knowltoni, Sew.; Marchantites zeilleri, Sew. ; Equisetites burchardti, Dunk. ; 4. yokoyame, Sew.; Onychyopsis mantelli, Brong., and fertile segments of the same; O. elongata, Geyl.; Matonidium gépperti; Ruffordia géppertt, Sew.; BR. gépperti: var. latifolia, Sew. ; Cladophlebis albertsii, Dunk. ; C. dunkeri, Schimp. ; Sphenopteris fontainii, Sew.; S. fittoni; Weichselia mantelli, Brong. ; Sagenopteris mantelli, Dunk. ; Leckenbya valdensis, Sew. ; Tempskya schimperi, 24 MUSEUMS. Cord. ; Cycadites saporte, Sew. ; Nilssonia schaumbergensis, Dunk.; Otozamites klipsteinti var. superbus, Sew. ; O. géppertianus, Dunk. ; Zamites buchianus ; Z. carruthersi, Sew. ; Hury-cycadolepis ; Carpolithes sp. ; Cycadeomyelon sp. ; Sphenolepidium kurrianum, Dunk. ; S. sternbergianum, Dunk. ; 5. subulatum, Heer. ; Pagiophyllum crassifolium, Schenk. ; Brachyphyllum spinosum, Sew. ; B. obesum, Heer.; A Lycopod? “Specimen B,” Sew. (Catalogue Bb. M. Wealden Plants 1894-6, A. C. Seward); Withamia saporte, Sew.; Coniferous wood ; Lignite ; Bennettites carruthersi var. latifolia; Pinites; Cycad wood ; purchased, Specimen of Birch Wood from the Submerged Forest, Leasowe (25. 3. 97. 7); presented by the Director of Museums. Three pieces of the Stem of a Sugar Palm (Arenga saccharifera) grown for about 36 years in the Botanical Gardens, Liverpool (31. 3. 97. 2); presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee. Specimens of Viola canina and Ranunculus bulbosus, from Hoylake (15. 5. 97. 2 & 3) ; presented by the Director of Museums. Plants collected along with others from the sandhills and waste ground, New Brighton, by Mr. Wm. 8. Laverock (50. 6. 97. 1-5) :—Ranunculus bulbosus, Brassica monensis, Erysimum cheiranthoides, Diplotaris muralis, and a White-flowered Crucifer (sp. endet.). Fruit of Loofah (Luffa sp.) (30. 7. 97. 2); presented by Alderman Stolterfoht. Plants collected along with others at Sefton Park, by Mr. Wm. 8. Laverock (17. 8. 97. 1-3) :—Senebiera Coronopus, Marrubium vulgare, Linum usitatissimum. : Two Cocoa Pods (Theobroma Cacao) (20. 8. 97. 4); two pieces of fresh Rhizome of Ginger Plant (Zingiber officinale ?), from Bapingi,’ Ogowie River, S. W. Africa (7. 12. 97. 30) ; Cocoa Pod, from Eloby, W. Africa (7. 12. 97. 29) ; fourteen ‘‘Horse-eye” Beans (sp. endet.) from Victoria, Cameroons (7.12.97. 31); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Single and double Dahlia Flowers, garden grown (6. 10. 97. 4 & 5); presented by Mr. P. Entwistle. Branch of Sea-Island Cotton (Gossypium barbadense) in pod (20. 11. 97. 2) ; some green Cotton Pods, just dehiscing (20. 11. 97. 1); several Heads of Rice (Oryza sativa) (20. 11. 97. 3), all from Charlestown, S. Carolina ; presented by Mr. R. Entwistle. Two Photographs of Sequoias, Calaveras Grove, California (21. 12.97. 1 & 2) purchased. - MUSEUMS. 25 Large Sigillarioid Trunk, 2ft. vin. in diameter at the base, with Stigmarian roots attached, altogether standing 5ft. 6in. high, from Ince Hall Collieries, near Wigan, (26. 4. 97. 1); presented by Mr. J. Harmood Banner. Six pieces of Rock with impressions of Leaves, from Moco, Cameroons, West Africa (20. 8. 97. 9) ; presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Stigmaria (Stigmaria sp.) and two Calamites (Calamites spp.) from the roof of the Wigan 6ft. Mine (27. 11. 97. 1-3) ; a slab of Shale containing a large Fern (Alethopteris lonchatica, Schloth.) and a Lepidodendroid (Lepidodendron selaginoides, L. and H.) from the roof of the Pemberton 5ft. Mine (27. 11. 97. 4); all from the Ince Hall Collieries, near Wigan ; presented by Mr. G. A. Haworth. Parts of Leaf Bed in Clay Pit, above the Clay, from Stanley, Liverpool (12. 5. 97. 1). MINERALOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. The following are the acquisitions in this Department :— A Collection of Geological Specimens, made in the Penrith district by Mr. Wm. 8S. Laverock :—Massive Rhyolitic Ash, containing fragments apparently of hardened Skiddaw slate, probably of Borrowdale age ; Shale of Arenig age with plant remains, probably rhizoids of Algz (Fucus?) ; Rhyolitic Ash, reddened ; Dun Limestone (argillaceous) ; « Cone-in-cone” in Arenig Shale; Oolitic Limestone (grains some- times spheroidal and sometimes oval) ; compact arenaceous modification of same; Limestone with irregular bands of Chert; Producta gigantea with Corals and Polyzoa; Producta gigantea ; Syringopora reticulata, showing sections in different directions and the weathered surface ; Piece of Scar Limestone, showing how the fossils weather out :—Syringopora reticulata, &c., Xe. ; Crinoidal Limestone of Yoredale Series; Purple and Red Micaceous Sandstone of Yoredale Series; Massive Breccia ; Dark-grey Shale, containing Trilobites, Orthis sp., and Leptena sericea ; Specimens of Barytes; Granite ; Skiddaw Slate; Skiddaw Slate, altered by contact metamorphism ; Chiastolite Slate; Spotted Schist ; Spotted Schist, showing early stages of weathering ; Spotted Schist, weathered ; Mica Schist ; Skiddaw Slate, at junction with Quartz Felsite ; Quartz Felsite, with inclusions of Skiddaw Slate ; Slate (Skiddaw), showing rhomboidal jointing ; Gabbro, showing three different textures of the same 26 MUSEUMS. rock ; Dolerite, showing twinning and peculiarly-formed round crystals of Orthoclase ; Granophyre, showing two different colours of the same rock ; Andesite (26. 7. 97. 1-30.). Specimens of Minerals from Nickel, Gold, and Coal Mines, Canada (19. 10. 97. 23); presented by the Director of Museums. Four pieces of Fossil-bearing Rock and piece of Fossil Wood, bored, from California (23. 11. 97. 1-5); ‘presented by Messrs. Balfour, Williamson & Co. Several specimens of small Striated Blocks from an inlet of “ Clay,” and specimens of the “Clay” (17. 12. 97. 2); collected from the excavations for the Museum Extension by Mr. Wm. 8. Laverock. MISCELLANEOUS. Piece of Wooden Post and two Peats from the Submerged Forest, Leasowe (25. 3. 97. 5-7) ; presented by the Director of Museums. ; Mass of Nitrate, containing bones and other organic remains, from Peru (12. 6. 97. 1); presented by Mr. W. Lockett. THe AQUARIUM. The Aquarium continues to be one of the chief attractions of the Museum ; special interest being taken in the Mud-fishes, the Walking Fishes, the Electrical Cat-fishes and the Sea Anemones; and in the various species of Anthropoids, which have from time to time been on exhibition. Our efforts to keep in good health and condition the various tropical animals have proved very successful. The following species have been exhibited alive during the year, those with an asterisk being alive at the date of this report :— The Fresh-Water Sponge * (Spongilla fluviatilis) ; Fresh Water Hydree * (Hydra viridis and H. fusca). Sea-Anemones: The Crass * (Tealia crassicornis,; Plumose Anemone * (Aetinoloba dianthus) ; Beadlet * (Actinia mesembryanthemum) ; Cave-dwelling Anemone * (Sagartia troglodytes); Parasitic Anemone * (Sagartia parasitica) ; Pallid Anemone *(Actinia pallida?); young Sea-urchin (Hchinus sphera); Sea Mouse (Aphrodite aculeata); Fresh-water Polyzoa* ; Edible Crab * (Cancer pagurus); Common Shore Crab * (Careinus menas); Hermit Crab (Pagurus bernhardus); Prawn * (Palemon MUSEUMS. 27 serratus) ; Palemonetes varians; Fresh-water Mussel (Anodonta cygnea); the Common Planorbis * (P. corneus) ; the Pond Snail (Lymnea stagnalis) ; Loch Leven Trout * (Salmo levenensis) ; Rainbow Trout * (Salmo irideus); Gold Carp * (Carassius auratus) ; Tench *(Tinca vulgaris); Rudd * (Leuciscus erythrophthalmus) ; Minnow * (Leuciscus phoxinus) ; Dace * (Leuciscus vulgaris) ; Roach * (Leuciscus rutilus) ; Pike * (Esox lucius) ; Perch * (Perca fluviatilis) ; White Bream (Abramis blicca) ; Stone-Loach (Nemacheilus barbatula) ; North American Cat-fish * (Amiurus sp.); Electric Cat-fish * (Malapterurus electricus); Cat-fish * (Clarias anguillaris); AfricanMud-fish * (Protopterus annectens) ; Walking Fish * (Periophthalmus koelreutert) ; Conger Hel *(Conger vulgaris); Spotted Gunnel or Butter-fish (Centronotus gunellus) ; Bullhead * ( Cottus scorpius) ; Sole * (Solea vulgaris) ; Plaice * (Pleuronectes platessa) ; Lesser Weever (Trachinus vipera) ; Pogge * (Agonus cataphractus). Common Frog * (Rana temporaria) ; Indian Bull-frog (Rana tigrina) ; Green Tree Frog (Hyla arborea) ; Common Toad * (Bufo vulgaris) ; Italian Toad * (Bufo vulgaris); Natterjack Toad (Bufo calamita); Crested or Great Water-Newt * (Triton cristatus) ; Common or Smooth Newt * (Molge vulgaris) ; Spotted Salamander * (Salamandra maculosa); American Salamander * (Amblystoma carolina); Mexican Axolotl * (Azolotl tigrinum) ; Menopoma * (Cryptobranchus alleghaniensis)— this specimen has now been alive in the Aquarium for sixteen years ; West African ‘Crocodile * (Mecistops cataphractus) ; young South African Lizard (Varanus niloticus) ; West African Lizard (Agama colonorum); Egyptian Skink * (Seincus officinalis) ; Wall Gecko * (Tarentola annularis); Green Lizard (Lacerta. viridis); English Ringed. Snake (T'ropidonotus natria) ; two young African Pythons (Python sebe); young West African Crested Eagle (Lophotriorchis lucani); two young African Civet Cats (Viverra civetta); young West African Pouched Rat (Cricetomys gambianus); West African Squirrel (Sciurus erythrogenys ?) ; ~ Guinea Baboon (Cynocephalus sphinx); two White-collared Mangabeys (Cercocebus collaris) ; young Moustache Monkey (Cercopithecus cephus); young Mandrill (Cynocephalus mormon) ; Mona Monkey (Cercopithecus mona) ; two young Green Monkeys (Cercopithecus callitrichis). Important donations of West African specimens have been made from time to time to the Museum Aquarium by Messrs. A. Ridyard, Forman, Stokes, and others. MUSEUMS. SumMARY OF ACQUISITIONS. Zoological. . Porifera 2 Species... ... Numerous Specimens. Coelenterata ap. alee ee i e Echinoderma 5S ee ue 40 es Vermes be Bye ps ee =e 20 - Arthropoda (Crustacea) 10... ae Ly re. Arthropoda (Tracheata) 609 —_,,+ many indet. 1,330 - Mollusea ee ss oy 157 ¥3 Fishes 35 : 90 - Amphibians EN! a 2 a Reptiles | ee 24 4 Birds tks / gin ae. 0 age a Mammals GOs oa a 91 we Minerals ... Species 962, + many indet. 1,966 Geological and Mineralogical. 109 Specimens. Botanical. 83 + Species ey: 182 Specimens. B._-MAYER MUSEUM. (a) GENERAL. The principal event of importance was the acquisition of the Seton-Karr collection of Paleolithic Flint Implements, from Thebes, and Neolithic Flint Implements found by him in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, some at a distance of about 30 miles from the Nile, and some nearer, details of which will appear in a future number of the Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums, and the interesting series of Metal Castings and Ivory Carvings from Benin City, West Africa, which will be described and figured in the Bulletin No. 2. Other additions to the collections have been made, as far as funds have permitted, and whenever an opportunity occurred, ~ MUSEUMS. 29 To the continued generous assistance of Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer (S.S. “Niger”), the Museum is again indebted for a very large number of specimens, illustrative of West African Ethnography ; to the co-operation of Messrs. A. Forman, John Newberry, G. W. Stokes, S. Smith, H. L. Jones, and other friends in West Africa, who have kindly interested themselves in obtaining for this Museum specimens of the handiwork of the various tribes amongst which they are located ; and to the kindness of Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Co., for kindly allowing all goods to come freight free. The Assistant Curator, Mr. P. Entwistle, has been constantly employed in labelling specimens and in adding to them explanatory drawings and photographs, which add greatly to the interest and value of the collection. Additions of enlarged photographs illustrative of the Races of Mankind are being made as rapidly as they can be prepared. (b) Loans AND DEposits. The following objects were lent as below :— The two under-mentioned Manuscripts have been lent to Dr. Priebsch, University College, :— Psalter (German), 12th-13th century (M. 12004). Breviary (German), 15th century (M. 12010). The manuscripts lent to the Paleeographical Society, University College, i.e., “ History of the World, Sacred and Profane,” upon a roll of vellum 22 feet long, Italian? 13th century (M. 12017) ; and “Selections from the Fathers, SS. Augustine, Gregory, Anselm, Se.,” English, early 14th century (M. 12036), have been safely returned. (c) EXCHANGES. An exchange was effected with Mrs. John Crosby Brown, of New York, of specimens of duplicate Musical Instruments, and of photographs of instruments in this Museum, viz. :— (1.) Double Iron Bell (2. 7. 72. 10.), Gaboon River, West Africa. (2.) Kroo-boy Rattle (9. 7. 95. 28.), Liberia, West Africa. (3.) fron Bell (80. 8, 66. 22.), Central Africa. — (4) Photograph of a native with drum, Taupota, S.E. New Guinea. - (5.) Photograph of a Marimba, from Bonny River, W. Africa. (6.) Photograph of a Marimba, from S.W. Africa. 30 MUSEUMS. (7.) Photograph of a Caraja Indian Trumpet. -in exchange for :— Photograph of Central American Indian, and of Musical Instruments (not yet arrived). (d) AcQuisITIoNs. (1.)—GENERAL. Coins and Medals :— Impressions of the Seals used by the Urban District Councils of Toxteth Park, Walton-on-the-Hill, West Derby, and Wavertree, previous to their incorporation with the City of Liverpool, presented by the Finance and Estate Committee (27. 10. 97. 1.). A collection (27. 4. 97. 34-37), consisting of two each of 10, 5, 2 and 1 Ces of the Congo Free State ; presented by Mr. A.Ridyard. Six Mint Proof Silver English Coins of 1893 (27. 4. 97. 88), of the following denominations, i.e. :—5/- ; 2/6; 2/-; 1/- and 3d.: presented by Mr. B. L. Benas. Seven English Jubilee (1887) Silver Coins (27. 4. 97. 39), of the following denominations, i.e. :—One each of 4/-; 2/6; 2/-; 1/-; two of 6d. and one of 3d. ; presented by Alderman N, J. Stolterfoht. Half Farthing, Victoria, 1844 ; Model Quarter Farthing, 1848 ; Two Anna Piece, 1841 ; two 2 Cent and one 3 Cent U.S.A. Pieces of 1862 and 1865 ; three Half-dime Pieces 1863 and 1858; Bills for 1 Dollar, New York, 1776 ; one-sixth of a Dollar, New York, 1776; 123 Cents, New York, 1815; Sixpence, Connecticut, 1776; Three Pounds, New Jersey, 1762; 123 Cents, Poughkeepsie, 1816; an Assignat de cing livres, Republique Francaise ; presented by Mrs. Crump, per Mr. A. B. Taylor (21. 12. 97. 201-214). Silver Medals of Frederick VI., King of Denmark, and Carolina Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Gothland ; Medal commemorative of the marriage of the Prince and Princess of Wales; Medallion of George Washington ; Electioneering Medallion, obv. : “ Roscoe for Hver” ; Reverse: ‘The Friend of the People’; Medal awarded “To Mr. Peter Holland for the Best Drawing of an Academy Figure, 1781,” Brass Medallionof John Rigg; anda Bank Token “ Province of Canada,” presented by Mrs. Crump, per Mr. A. B. Taylor (27. 12. 97. 194-200). MUSEUMS. 31 Bill for Two-thirds of a Dollar, Philadelphia, 1776; and one for Twelve Shillings, Philadelphia, 1777; presented anonymously (25. 3. 97. 1-2). Miscellaneous :— Two of the Old Liverpool Wooden Water Pipes, from excavations in Tithebarn Street (2. 12. 97. 1) ; presented by the Water Committee. (2) Crramtics. Four Red 1 Clay Tiles, various shapes, green glazed. Medieval. From the Warrington Friary ; presented by Mr. T. Connor (11. 2. 97. 1-4). Photograph of the Excavations at the Warrington Friary, showing the tiles in situ in the chancel; presented by Mr. T. Connor (11.2.97. 5). Four Delft-ware Painted Tiles, taken from the jambs of a fire-place in the Angel Inn, William Brown Street, Liverpool ; presented by Mr. A. Bowman (8. 10. 97. 1-4). Black Basalt Wedgwood-ware Portraits of Raphael, Michael Angelo, and Livy ; a Biscuit-ware Wedgwood Medallion, symbolical of “ Etruria, 1789” ; and two Casts of Wedgwood Portraits of Shakespeare and Garrick; presented by Mrs. Crump, per Mr. A. B. Taylor (21. 12. 97. 188-193). , (3) HETrHNoGRAPHY. PRE-HISTORIC :— A Small Collection (7. 7. 97) of Paleolithic Flint Implements, from Thebes, collected by W. H. Seton-Karr ; purchased. Large Collection (7. 7. 97) of Neolithic Flint Implements, comprising various forms of Hammer and Celt-shaped heads, Cores, Scrapers, _ Knives, Armlets, &c., from the Eastern Desert of Egypt, collected by _W. H. Seton-Karr ; purchased. <_ 7 sere 36 MUSEUMS. Australia :— Raft of cyprus pine logs (9. 1. 97.), used only by natives of King’s Sound, Australia, figured in J. Saville-Kent’s “ Naturalist im Australia” ; presented by Mr. J. Edge-Partington. New Britain :— Mask, formed of a human jawbone and the frontal part of a human skull, completed in wood and painted (21. 12. 97. 2), Niouafau; purchased. | Polynesia.—New Zealand :— Jade Celt, showing method of rubbing (?) down the implement (11. 5. 97. 2); purchased, MONGOLIAN RACE. America.—South :— Two Photographs of Caraja Indians, of the River Araguaya, State of Goyaz, United States of Brazil (17. 3. 97. 1-2); presented by Mr. J. A. MacDonald. North :-— The following specimens (9. 2. 97. 1-18) trom the Eskimo of the Pribyloy Island, Aleutian Archipelago, have been acquired by purchase:-— Pick, the head made of walrus leg bone; Grapple, of wood, with three iron barbs; two pairs of Snow Spectacles; three Knives, steel blades and wooden handles ; Ivory Sinker, with bone fish hook attached ; Skin Dressing Implement; Ivory Mesh Gauge for Nets; Knife made of the fibula of the bear; Ivory Net Sinker, carved in form of a whale ; piece of Bone, carved in form of a fish-like animal; piece of Ivory, carved in form of a whale; Ivory Comb ; Bird Snare made of whalebone; Wooden Pestle and Mortar; Pouch, made of swan’s feet stitched together, an ivory hook suspender and piece of carved bone are attached. The following Photographs of North American Indian Chiefs and Squaws (21. 12. 97. 167-186), have been purchased for the Collection :— Photographs of Floating Feather; a Chief (no name); Long Dog and his Squaw; Lattlesnake Jim; Blood Indians and Squaw; Medicine Men; Black Hawk, Apaches; Whirlwind, Cheyennes; Bird Chief, Arrapahois; Now Way ; and Horseback’s Son, Comanches ; Squaws of the Wachita; Big Tree ; Big Bow; White Horse; Braves and Squaws of the Kiowas. ] MUSEUMS. 37 Madagascar -— Tanala :—A Collection (8. 2.97. 1-50) of objects from Madagascar was acquired for the Ethnographical Gallery by purchase, as follows :— Wooden Box, Vata tantely, used for carrying honey; Axe, used as a weapon in Southern Betsileo ; Cane Blow Pipe, aféra Ivohimanistra ; Wooden Plate, Ambrlimitambr; Waterproof of plaited grass; Cane Flute, sodina; Hat of plaited grass, sdtroka bory: Wooden Spoon, Ambohimanga; seven Arrows for use with the blow pipe; two pieces of Bark of the Nato, used for dyeing, Ambohmistambo; Bark of the . nazo manta, used for dyeing; Shield of wood, ampinga, Ivohimanistra ; Fruit of the poisonous tagena, sold as a medicine in the open Markets, Ambositra. Betsileo :—Iron Spade ; Axe, ahatsy ; Large Wooden Spoon; Pair of Scissors ; Twelve Iron Needles; Cane Snuff Box, with burnt decoration; Frame, made of plaited grasses ; Fan, of plaited grass; Two Wooden Spindles, with bone whorls, mostoko; Knife, with long blade; Native Silk ; Wooden Comb, fihogo; Terra-cotta Pomade Box, red glazed; Bamboo Wooden Water-cup, Kampoaka ; Mat, of plaited grass ; Wooden Spoon, Ambositra; Woman’s Hair Brush, kifafa; Terra-cotta Gourd- shaped Water Bottle, Ambositra; Terra-cotta Red-glazed Water Bottle ; Hold-all, made of woven grass, dyed, Ambohimatrasoa; Knife, steel blade; Shelland Bead Armlet, felana ; Straw Cap, covered with the skin of Propithecus diadema, var. Edwardsi, Ambositra ; Two Earthenware Plates; Voafano Beans, used by the wizards; Rope of rofia, tédy ; Leather Purse, Hova; Silver Breast Pin, in form of a leaf, Hova; Piece of Native Soap; Forceps, for pulling out hair, fidvotra; Afotra bark ; Rofia, used for rope making ; Earthenware Bowl (imperfect) ; Walking Stick, of black wood, horn knob. Malay Achipelago.—Sumatra:— Wooden Mask, in form of a grotesque human face ; BPN GT by Mr. E. M. Janion (23. 1. 97-1). Two Models of Native Houses; presented by Mr. E. M. Janion (23. 1. 97. 2-3). Borneo :— The following specimens from N. Borneo (21. 12. 97. 9-22) have been purchased :— Knife, Dusun; Brass Chain Belt, Dusun; Tools of Wood used in 38 MUSEUMS. the manufacture of Pottery, Dusun; Penang Basket; Wooden Spinning Tops with strings, Dyak, Balo ; Harpoon Head, Dyak, Sarawak ; Medicine Man’s Charm Basket, Dusun ; Rattan Belt, Dusun ; Model of a Wood Fishing Float, Malay or Dyak, Kuchin, Sarawak ; Fibre. Lombock :— _ Figure of a Woman in wood, painted, Tjakra Negara (21. 12. Gren) purchased. Burmah :— Sanscrit Manuscript (11. 5. 97. 1) (imperfect); presented by Dr. A. Knox. Siam :— Reed Musical Instrument (23. 11. 97. 2); purchased. Tibet :— The following specimens (9. 10. 97. 1-17, 20-22 and 26), from Tibet, have been acquired by purchase :— Conch Shell, used by the Llamas in their temple service, and also for summoning the ghosts of the dead ; Hand Drum, damdru, used for calling and driving away evil spirits; Prayer Wheel, mani; Wooden Block from which the prayers placed in the prayer wheels are printed ; Llamas’ Rosary, Rak-sha, made from seeds; Brass Household God, inlaid with turquoise, made in Lhassa; Woman’s Brass Locket inlaid with turquoise ; Pair of Women’s Brass Earrings, inlaid with turquoise ; Woman’s Brass Girdle Belt, with chain attached; Charm, worn by a Nun; Brass Charm Holder; Brass Bowl, made in Lhassa; Lamas Bronze Bell, Tilbre, used in the temple service; Brass Seal with steel die; Lamas Dorjé; Leather Purse; Silver Coin; Dagger, used by necromancers, and when consecrated is said to become enchanted ; Bag of Woven Material; Wooden Bowl, used for holding food and drinking tea from; Photograph of an old Tibetan Woman, and of a group of Tibetan Men and Women dressed as Devil Dancers. CAUCASIAN RACE. Egypt :— Flint Knife, Ancient Egyptian, 4th Dynasty (?) (13. 7. 97. 1). The following Ancient Egyptian Objects (4. 10. 97. 1-15) found at Deshasheh, by Professor W. M. Flinders Petrie, D.C.L., were presented by the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund :— MUSEUMS. ° 39 Wooden Coffin or Box for holding the mutilated members of various human bodies ; two Wooden Mallets; Wooden Plug or Wedge, v. 86; Wooden Headrest, v. 14; piece of Wood, v. 109; Fragments of Mummy Cloth, 99, 104 (?), 1488; two Metal Mirrors, very much corroded, 74, 36; Diorite (?) Bowl (broken and repaired); String of Beads, amethysts, garnets, and carnelian; Base of a Seated Figure in calcareous stone; Small Seated Figure, carved in calcareous stone (imperfect). Foot Rubber of red clay, in form of a crocodile, Modern (9.3. 97.7); purchased. Babylonia :— Fourteen Baked Clay Tablets (27. 7. 97. 1-14), from Bagdad; purchased. Nepal :— Photographs of a Group of Bhutia Men born in Sikkim, and of Nepalese Men and Women (9. 10. 97. 24-25 and 28); Bird-shaped Copper Kettle, used by Silversmiths, and a Silver Coin, Nepalese: (9. 10. 97. 18 and 23); Brahman’s Sacred Thread (9. 10. 97. 19). Italy :— Marble Urn (6. 10. 97. 5); purchased. Head Ornament for Horses, made of Macaw feathers; Rosettes of Dyed Straw, used for decorating horses’ manes, Ischia work; Silver Crescent-shaped Amulet, and four Coral and Bone Amulets, from Naples (6. 10. 97. 1-4); presented by Mr. L. H. Picton. Cyprus :— A collection of Cypriote Antiquities, purchased (9. 3. 97. 1-79), of yarlous ages :— I—Porrery. A.—Bronze Age, B.C. 2000-1000. a.—Red Polished Ware :— | Three Vases, with incised patterns; Vase, a black variety of the __ red polished ware ; Bottle and Vase of inferior fabric. b.—White Painted Ware, B.C. 2000 :— Three Vases and Four Bottles; an CEnoche and a Double Bottle; _ Vase, (ef Perrot and Chipiez, History of Art in Phenicia, vol. 2, - page 285); Vase, in form of a goose. 40 MUSEUMS. e.—Base Ring Ware ; probably made in Cyprus :— Vase, genuine fabric; Vase, probably from Agra Paraskevi, near Nicosia; Bull-shaped Vase ; Terra-cotta Figure. B.—Greeo-Pheenician Age, B.C. 1000-295 :— a.—Bucchero and Black Slip Wares :— Miniature specimen of the very rare genuine Cypriote Bucchero, VILI-[X. cent. B.C.; (noche, white with black slip in imitation of Bucchero, VIII-IX. cent. B.C. b.—Red Ware, VIII-VII. cent. B.C. Vase; CEnoche; Vase, a black variety; Vase, a late survival of an inferior fabric, VI-V. cent. B.C. c.—White Painted Ware :— (Enoche of the finest local fabric of Kition (Larnaka), VII-VILI. cent. B.C.; Rhyton, VI-V. cent. B.C., doubtful if genuine Cypriote. C.—Hellenistic Age: from the Ptolemaic Conquest onwards :— a.—Red Pseudo-Samian Fabric :— Two Jugs and a Vase, Roman; Small Vase, a clay imitation of glass (II-V. cent. A.D.); Two Lamps (II-III. cent. A.D.); Lamp (LV. cent. A.D.) ; St. Menas Flask, Christian. . II.—ScuLprurES AND TERRA-COTTAS. a.—Snow-man technique, VII-VI. cent. B.C. :— Figure of a Lyre Player, a votive or funerary figure, Kition or Amathus; Model of a chariot in which are three figures; Two Masks, for suspension as a votive offering in a tree sanctuary, Amathus fabric (?) ; Ass, with panniers; Ram, VI. cent. B.C. b.-—Archaic Greek Influence, VI-V. cent. B.C. :— Very finely-modelled flower-bearing votary of a common type, but excellent finish; traces of red paint on the shoes, (early V. cent. B.C.), Flower-bearing Votary (V. cent. B.C.). c.—Hellenistic Influences; 1V-¥1. cent. B.C. :— Fragment of a Moulded Terra.cotta ;, Small Stone Head of a Man, painted red (IV. cent. B.C. ?). MUSEUMS. 41 ITI.—Bronzes. Osiris, Egyptian work (VI-V. cent. B.C.); Apis, Egyptian work . (V. cent. B.C.); Isis and Horus, probably Syrian (VI-V. cent. B.C.); Isis and Horus (formerly gilt), a Cypriote imitation of Egyptian (VI-V. cent. B.C). TV.—Porcensin and MiscELLANEOUS ORNAMENTS. Scarabs and Bead of Egyptian style, imitated in Cyprus, VIII-VI. cent. B.C. ; Scarabs (one representing a hunting scene), Cypriote ; Scarab, of Unas, Egyptian 5th Dynasty (3500 B.C.); Scarabs, Cartouche of Thothmes III.; Porcelain Finger Ring, 18th Dynasty (1450 B.C.) ; Porcelain Charm Pendants VIII. cent. fabric; Beads, various, Egyptian ; Gem, red jasper, in intaglio, Head of Flora, Greco-Roman, II-III. cent. A.D.; Small female head in limestone ; Unguentarium, in alabaster, containing calcined bones ; Head of Jupiter Serapis, in alabaster. Summary or ACQUISITIONS. General = Af oH eh a he res 23 Ceramics Line ae : ate eat yh Ree 12 Ethnography ... e a Et ti ft ... 2,405 2,440 Scrence CABINETS FOR SCHOOLS. These Cabinets, as in previous years, have been distributed in rotation to different Elementary Schools in the City, and also to the Training Colleges for Teachers at Edge Hill and the College of the Notre Dome, Mount Pleasant. They have been carefully examined every month, and, when necessary replenished. HENRY O. FORBES, Director oF MUSEUMS. PRESENTED 17 JUN.1904 pal . g mal eee eo a ) = *» f) Aa is F) ~ a m err od » -% fe - wl [ 7 24 os ws * , i -~ i ‘ Pad] 4 pa ; Si ry if ; rf | we 5 *) ‘ . 5 a oy ri par: Afi a - : oe a ahd ‘ ‘ x a ~ rite Vas coe See, piri aa 7 j : : , a « je, ¥F 9 iz Peo. a pee et: DAA thy Meta oe AE mene yl ztx Hatirga © Ys haete ite is , BET Ty ) Latins : t Mah hAaeaeiaAat S00) he ti a ; . \ @ @>' PP at ' i P + ; , nlsifesany aly A 1 COSE) plenav Ch ie y LTS * ait we is ee | & 7 (1 us -: 7 he — vy a) Bit? wad) I ris leew x ALE ea mS; ’ be > se vy St : . ~ : tae yet pital soon BLY «tzu of: pind JT = ih ! - u ey | i ve A cle uf “gi roped oat oe > Ve eee ; Siete! of final af ot tlams aa Ww, pe . : aE of. . n OF il a eee igh bit pawtl ; soned boninlas « atiiieda 4s Ab P a hn} ; ; : i, ay =a 4 B40 (Ta vIO rh ts, nH ractia fs Bele! fr ‘ ° fe aa, } p* ai setir iit ut Anas pice ep init sah Brats " ‘vi “ily dork Pet a fie sue by aves i be its fi tet age tes » -/ 7 ie bytal Hao , i Lint we) u ‘eel rat’ ‘Dihei a ni sah 70 rif 7 i . « a “* %, 1) ‘ iA Ti Reve ~ | > i ‘ - A Rae " 7 aa 67 OAL. . = - : 3 ‘ , 5 ‘ a i - , ee ei E ‘ Cie ° - >! . 77 4 = - H = ad . a”, Pet) a2 ‘ Ss P a. ee “ fr, i Hi # pet: fe . fr = eo ‘ae ; ; r ‘a ee etal met by a _. +. & en 2 , Py ii 4 ~ 3 s. : ~ i rm a. ‘ i a in eee She f 4 ‘ Png Tih 7 A io P - FORTY-SIXTH : OF THE COMMITTEE | OF THE AND y f ART GALLERY, : ; OF THE CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3lst Decemper, 1898. : LIVERPOOL: J. R. WILLIAMS & CO., PRINTERS, 8, SCIIOOL LANE. 1899. nS “ag & - ying FORT Y-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE PUBLIC LIBRARIES, MUSEUMS, AND ART GALLERY, OF THE CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3lst DrEcEMBER, 1898. LIVERPOOL: J. R, WILLIAMS & CO.. PRINTERS, 8, SCHOOL LANE. 1899. COMMITTEE AND OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1898-99. THE RIGHT HONOURABLE WILLIAM OULTON, J.P... LORD MAYOR. Committee. ALDERMAN SIR WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, J.P., CHAIRMAN. M. HYSLOP MAXWELL, Jx., ESQ., DEPUTY CHAIRMAN. EDWIN BERRY, ESQ., JOHN LAWRENCE, ESQ., LIEUT.-COL. A. H. BROWN, M.P., JOHN LEA, ESQ., ALDERMAN A, COMMINS, LL.D., M.P., FRANK J. LESLIE, ESQ, ARTHUR CROSTHWAITE, ESQ., ALDERMAN A. T. SALVIDGE, J.P., ROBERT D. HOLT, ESQ., J.P., RADCLIFFE W. SMITH, ESQ., MORRIS P. JONES, ESQ., J.P., ALDERMAN J. N. STOLTERFOHT. GEORGE KING, ESQ., COLONEL W. H. WALKER. Ohtet €ibrarian : PETER COWELL. Deputn-Librarian : THOMAS FORMBY. Birector of Museums: HENRY;,O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S. Assistant Ourator of Derby Museum: JOSEPH A. CLUBB, M.Sc. Assistant Ourator of iMaper Mluserm: P. ENTWISTLE. @urator of the Walker Art Gallery: CHARLES DYALL. GENERAL REPORT. The past year has been one of steady progress in all departments of our library work. In our Reading Rooms there is a noticeable increase in the number of magazines and reviews issued, and this departure must be taken as an indication of the increasing desire to obtain information and scientific knowledge in a brief and condensed form, and it must be viewed with satisfaction, as the short magazine articles are taking the place of the novel and serial story. The Branch Libraries and Reading Rooms are doing a most excellent work, and some idea of the public appreciation of our Branch Libraries may be gathered from the fact that last year these libraries issued over a million volumes for home reading, whereas nine years ago, when we had only two branch libraries, the number issued was only 324,957 volumes. It is a matter for sincere regret, that the Bill intended to be introduced into Parliament, which, /nte ala, provided for an increase of the Library Rate from ld. to 14d. in the pound, for the extension of our libraries, was wrecked by the adverse vote of the ratepayers, and the Committee is therefore prevented from going forward with their policy of establishing further branch libraries. The Committee cannot believe that this vote was intended to defeat this good and popular object, and, with the sanction of the Council, will, at an early date, bring their pro- posals more directly before the ratepayers. Liverpool is the only important city in the United Kingdom which is content with a rate of only ld. in the pound for library purposes. With the income which this furnishes, it is not possible to make any adequate provision of libraries or reading rooms ; and libraries and reading rooms have, with the advance of education, ceased to be luxuries, they are essential for the healthy intellectual life and well-being of the community, and it will be little short of a scandal if Liverpool is allowed to lag behind the other great centres of population in the development of her library system. Our Reference Library is receiving increased attention, and the Com- mittee are anxious to maintain its high reputation. Perhaps the extent to which this Library is availed of is scarcely known. From early morning to late at night it is filled with from 200 to 300 serious students—pro- fessional and scientific men, schoolmasters, clergymen, writers for the daily 4 GENERAL REPORT, journals and periodicals make constant use of it, and many original works of scientific and historical importance owe their existence to the researches made in this Library; and it is something gained in this city of “market reports and nautical intelligence” that we should have a band of original workers in literary and scientific subjects, and we may hope that in time Liverpool may take a position in literature and in science, as we believe it has already done in art. The extension of the Winter course of lectures to the outer districts has met with great success. Fifty-one lectures were delivered, with an average attendance of nearly 1,000. The living voice is an educational power perhaps even greater than books, and enlists the attention of those who have not the faculty for serious reading of any kind. The Committee are careful that their lectures, while beg entertaining, are at the same time > instructive. The Museum has been well attended, and it is gratifying to record that the numbers exceeded those of the British Museum. The scientific staff are still fully occupied in classificatory work, in order to have the exhibits ready for the new galleries when completed. In conjunction with the authorities of the British Museum, the Committee took part in an expedition to Socotra, under the charge of their Director, Dr. Forbes, which has recently returned, after a very successful journey. The Committee welcomed this opportunity of co-operating with the British Museum, as it may lead to reciprocal advantages of great value. The Autumn Exhibition of Pictures was a brilliant success. The pictures were of an unusual high character, and the hanging exceptionally good, and although the attendance was rather disappointing, the sales made of pictures were considerably above the average. The Permanent Gallery continues to grow, and further accommodation must be shortly provided. WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, CHAIRMAN. *"NMOUG WVITTIM YIS AG G3L9343 WN3SNW ONY AYVYSIT 40 ONIM 18¥3 ONY WOOY ONIGV3Y NOLIId 3HL SONIMOHS ‘AUVYSIT JONSY¥a4ay "1138 % SANYUVE ‘NMOU¥Ss AB OLOHAd T ‘Meare, © * wae _ AE inn mn ee : a LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. Cyier LIBRARIAN’S REPORT. As nearly half a century has now passed away since the first steps were taken to establish the Liverpool Public Library, a few historical facts connected therewith will no doubt be read with interest by friends both at home and abroad. And those who are familiar with the humble beginnings of the Institution will view with pleasure and surprise its present-day development, as exhibited by the accompanying views of the Reference Department and some of its Branch Libraries. Towards the end of 1849, attention was first directed to the need of a public institution in Liverpool where documents, &c. could be consulted ; and, as a result of this expression of public opinion, Councillor (afterwards Sir) James A. Picton, in April of 1850 (the year in which Mr. Ewart’s Public Libraries Act was passed), submitted a motion to the Town Council that “A Committee be appointed to enquire and report on the propriety of establishing a Free Public Library in the town of Liverpool.” That motion being approved, a committee of enquiry was formed for the purpose named, its deliberations resulting in a favourable recommendation to the Council. The public meeting subsequently called was marked by many manifestations of earnestness on the part of the public for the establishment of a public library, practical support of the movement being shewn by the voluntary contribution for library purposes of nearly £1,400 and some 4,000 volumes. The scheme being thus countenanced by both Council and public, these _ subscriptions were duly transferred to the Corporation by the preliminary Committee; and measures were forthwith taken to carry the wishes of the inhabitants into effect. In 1851. the thirteenth Earl of Derby died, bequeathing to the town his valuable and extensive collection of natural history objects. To carry out the conditions attached to the gift, the Corporation obtained a special Act of Parliament, which, in its title, “ An “Act for establishing a Public Library, Museum, and Art Gallery at “Liverpool,” laid down the lines upon’ which the Committee of this Institu- tion has never ceased to work and keep before it. The collection of books then made by the Corporation Committee was housed in a building in Duke Street, and on the 18th October 1852 the Reference Library was 6 LIBRARIES, opened to the public; the total number of volumes then being 8,296. Few institutions have been more favoured than this with noble and generous gifts. The first of our benefactors was the late Sir William Brown, Bart., who, by the offer in 1853 of £6,000 (afterwards increased in 1856 to £12,000), endeavoured to spur the Corporation into taking speedy measures for the erection of a free library of such proportions as would be a credit to the town architecturally, and which, internally, would afford that accom- modation which had become a pressing necessity. His generosity went even further ; and, jealous of delay, and anxious to see erected during his lifetime a free public library worthy of the greatness of Liverpool, he addressed, on the 3lst December, 1856, the following letter to the Mayor : — “My dear Sir—I have been long desirous that Liverpool should have a free public library and museuni worthy of the town, where the inhabitants—he their position in life what it may—can resort for intel- lectual improvement; and, as some of my relatives and friends have expressed a wish that I should build one and present it to my fellow- townsmen, I am prepared to do so on the site provided by the Cor- poration. I have no wish to interfere with the resolution the Council have already come to, of leaving the plans in the hands of the Corporation Surveyor. Probably it will not be unreasonable for me to hope and expect that, in some way or other, my name will be connected with it, to show that I have endeavoured to be useful in my generation; and possibly it may encourage others who have the means to contribute to useful public works, and that some of my family or executors may be continued on the Managing Committee. Ever yours respectfully, WiiuiamM Brown.” The burden of cost being thus removed from the shoulders of the Council, invitations were issued to architects for plans for a suitable building, and a premium of 200 guineas was offered for the best design submitted. In the competition which followed, preference was ultimately given to the designs of Mr. Thomas Allom, an architect of some eminence in the literary as well as the art world, and whose works are worthily represented on the shelves of our library. This important matter decided, and all preliminaries arranged, the foundation stone of that part of this Institution known as the Brown Library was laid on the 15th April 1857 by Sir William Brown; and, the building having been completed, it was opened to the public on the 18th October, 1860, the occasion being marked by no little ceremony and many expressions of public satisfaction. = ° ) a 0 be a [4 W a z 3 0 c a Picton Reapinc Room. LIBRARIES. is After the passage of some years, during which time the Reference Library had grown, prospered, and increased in usefulness beyond all expectation, the need of an extension to the library forced itself upon the consideration of the Committee. Not only was further space required for the rapidly- increasing stock of books, but increased accommodation was urgently needed for readers, particularly for that class denominated “student” readers. For some years one of the smaller book-rooms had been furnished with tables and chairs for the special convenience of those readers who came for study and literary work. The entrée of this room was obtained on written application to the Library Committee, who, being satisfied with the object the applicant had in view, issued a ticket entitling him to the use of the room for twelve months. This room became very popular, on account of its seclusion and the privileges allowed in it, which were not permitted to readers in the general reading room. It invited and encouraged at the outset a-class of readers which has increased in numbers ever since—readers who came for literary work and investigation, or self-education, and not merely for light and recreative reading. To overcome the difficulty thus presented to the Committee, it was determined to erect a new reading-room on the vacant land between the Brown Library and Walker Art Gallery, and the Council having sanctioned the proposal submitted by the Libraries Committee, a circular reading-room was built by the Corporation, and named the Picton Reading Room, in recognition, by the Council and the people of Liverpool generally, of the long and devoted service to this Institution of Sir James A. Picton. It may be of interest to mention here the lines on which the Reference Library has been built up. Though the Committee has during the long period of the library’s history, kept steadily in view the provision of standard works, both British and foreign, in all departments of learning and embracing as far as possible all branches of human inquiry, particular attention has been given to certain subjects: with the result that in the departments of Architecture and the Fine Arts generally, in Natural History, in the literature of geographical investigation, and in regard to books bearing upon those commercial and maritime affairs peculiarly valuable to the inhabitants of a great seaport, the Liverpool Public Library may justly claim to possess an unusually rich collection. The topographical section is also very extensive; while it may be said that, as regards local illustrations and publications, pains have not been spared, even from the foundation of the library, to gather together what is perhaps at this moment the finest and most valuable collection of the kind in the country. 69 34 4] 24 7 6 181 s lost from Lending Peet's «6 +8 +2 = = = 10 ks stolen from Read- crs eit a = =. ae 1 ee . Volumes worn out and withdrawn .......... — = 842 46 - - 888 olumes worn out and : moplaced .......... 96 157 671 260 -- 1,184 sea we te eet 1,146 644 692 894 462 385 4,223 dtal volumesin Libraries} 12,159| 23,087) 25,465| 14,928| 6,003, 3,723) 85,365 ye ears for Everton Branch. | * The Everton Branch closed for Painting and Tiling . rom June 25th to July 11th ; the Ladies’ Room from June 18th to July llth; and the Boys’ Room from June 13th to August 9th. ca Stocktaking in September, it covers a period of three years for Central and two the General Reading Room LIBRARIES. 14 ‘OISNIA JO SOLUNTOA A1OM GLS‘GT [VI04 SIA JO « OFL‘SEO'L | OIS*LFT | 8GE°9| FIL‘GL | SEFIO | 9EZ‘T6S |6FS'LE GLI‘OOT | TL8‘OSI | TLO‘SST | GLO‘FLI | 16P‘0ss|"'°'''** STVZOT, OZS*EGT | seg‘e9 — | OZL°6E | SE8"E% | Z9Z‘ZE at ePe'6% =| Lap‘es | G6a‘LE —— «['" ttt + "+ "Fano x eyy Joy gyo0y OLU'T = _ — — | OLI'T == == — == = OLIT [+ parg egg toy syoog 661'T 8oe = atte G21 1¢8 ha) Coes 8&Z £3z OBI 09% Tres sss" S0ISSRI) Yat pur urgery 826469 | SLO‘IP | Z98°E| STL‘IS | sos‘eI | OSs‘9G9 |0Z9‘°6F G8O'L8 | GLO‘EZI | ES9‘90T | LSO'SIT | ZOL‘LLT|"" Tht t+ oor esorg 6EL‘¢ 1rE‘T oot | g89 gg¢ 868'F Ig | 98 €8L LIL Gog 6I9T | aangqeaaqry oemerq pure A1yo0g LST‘¢ | 09GT 68 | LLe ¥68 Lec’. | GLT | Lk8 809 €19 Sig 1 GOE'T [otic tt edensavy pue woreoupay €86°9 GPL‘ 08 LE9 CGP 1P8‘¢ €9% | LOF G06 GOST OUT = 106‘T_ | * Attonoog Teot]og pur ad.0um07) L06 OFS rat OFT 28 L99 &% LP ZI PEL 19 886 ‘* sorqpog pue ‘wvT ‘souepnadsiane Z60'IF | 608‘ST | BPI | O16'9 | LEL‘IT | 82'zs | GES | OC6 ae9 =| 806S =| Legg | LL6'S ft eanqesoqry snoome;posipy LOG‘8t | 899% | BSF | 066 926'T | 668°ST | LPI‘) G6S‘T | S682 | L093 | 899. | e8o'¢ Jt S[PAvAL, pur sadvo a [29°F 98L ol LYP 19% GEs's SZE | 98F 618 089 6LP SFOT fe’ soumbuay pure LT 9eT'9 9 F GPF | PEE J\OT ZI 9808 0 6 L6Z'9 | GEL |6 ST IFFE 9 8 cEel’s | GI 13 & G6O9'E 0 & g09L | 6ST |9 GI seI'r 9 I eres | SBT |4 2 gece 9 € €80'8 | #8T IT T BLFE 0 9 I9%9 | 891 16 € tog 0 61 16L'6 | 181 |9 FT 68's 0 819498 | #2% 14 & 686% 9 8 8208 | 961 |1 3 G6OFE 9 £L gSIs'er |] 160 13 TL o6L‘r 9 OL G4PR | 920 |r @ BETR 9 € goss | TT@ 18 8 gaR'g 0 Il O1G6L | STS |6 FT gag'g YB SOL tt Tee | Tt ep Lene 0 GI 69T'6 | 49% |0 eT ogee 0 FL ee9 CEG |OT 2 &RTP 0 TI §960T | TOS 18 PT TORE 0 OT 498'8 | So% |OL et B0re Y QT 662'ST | Gee | IT LT 90r% 0 &1 7196 | 2488 19 ef OLE T 9 LI 20rL | T4e | T 99GT 9 F TSs'9 | GS |e 8 SRT 9 & G6E9 | cee |b GG geetT ) a EU i AES ‘a1 SHIA, *sqg1e00y] Og SaMALOIg 190, ‘8681 OF TL8T Nout “SUVAA 84 ONINAC “OY ‘A'TOS SHUNLOId ‘SNOISSINGY 40 LNANALVLIS GULVTOdVL 6 § OT g 606 06 LT ¥9 IT ¥6 6 I€& 9 GP 91 SF QT 19 T 62 G6 Gb € OP Il 81 6I 9€ UP L LB ts £G ST - DOroymrtcocnoots I = Ln Soe oe | aS ‘sqydreooyy SHOOULT[OOSTTAL OT IT OT P 9T a G9E 6LT G SFT 0 Ost & IT Gl 9 PT 961 6 4 GLT € Pb 182 6 91 1% 9 OT 88% 6 91 896 6 € GBI 6 €1 98 0 AT €9¢ & 9 GP 0 &1 S0F GOS 869 & VFS 9S LEG LEG OVP 8 219 0 LP ILE 9 GTf& OBR ‘p "'S F *PIOS sornqorg Wo UOISSTULUOL) 8 & £88410 9 64'S 10 & LET'LE] [eI0], 8 61 O06F 9 9 SSF 0 GB 624 9 9 8GF 0 6 90F‘T | S68T § PF ggg 0 T 8¢ 6 GL 89% \|9 TI 88g O ¥T OTS‘T | LEST 4 tL 00E {0 & £9 |6 L GOB |9 F SBP 10 GT TLS‘T | 968T 0 ST LOF O 9 99g € Sl 8l@ |0 & FIP O OT 892'T | S68T 6 0 00S 9 GL IP9 9 LI 966 |O FI SEF 0 4 O6Z‘T | F68I 0 6 &0g 9 8ST 029 6 ZI L060 |0 O SbF 0. 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Or 2 OTe 0) PL 286 |) LE Be 0 &T 646 GLal 9 0 LE |9 YT TST : &T TPS Os (2m er Be Gir as PLSL 9 LT 66T |9 8 96 : OT 6% er cee Oma SL8I 9 0 89T |9 9 69 9 @ &P 0 6 SLT 70" 95 109 ZL8T 0 OT Sot |0 &@ &9 LE eV AU Kee terme ste te ee INO) oye take? TL8T ‘Dp 'S F Pp "Sg ie Ip a F ‘Pp "S Rt « P ‘S F ‘gouadooryy, ‘eouedxig =| “SUITTIYY ouG ‘pTo *SqOXOI ‘ sons ee onal res = ie ae “SNOISSINCY ne FORTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT + ge = ee ee - — = as OF THE COMMITTEE a s a SE lata. aa a es OF THE ae OF THE ipaprin: of the General Report and of the Museums’ portion only of the : Report of the Committee of the Free Public Library, Museums, . and Walker Art Gallery. LIVERPOOL : C. Tinxuinc anp Co., PrintisG Contractors, 53, Vicrorta STREET. 1900. FORTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE OF THE CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3lst DercrmBErR, 1899. (Reprint of the General Report and of the Musewms’ portion only of the Report of the Committee of the Free Public Library, Museums, : and Walker Art Gallery. LIVERPOOL : C. Tinting anp Co., Printinc Contractors, 53, Victoria STREET. 1900. COMMITTEE AND OFFICERS for the Year 1899-1900. THE RIGHT HONOURABLE LOUIS SAMUEL COHEN, J.P., LORD MAYOR. Committee : ALDERMAN SIR WILLIAM B, FORWOOD, J.P., CHAIRMAN. ROBERT D. HOLT, ESQ., J.P., DEPUTY CHAIRMAN. EDWIN BERRY, ESQ., MORRIS P. JONES, ESQ., J.P., LIEUT.-COL. A. H. BROWN, M.P., JOHN LAWRENCE, ESQ., ALFRED S. COLLARD, ESQ., | JOHN LEA, BSQ., ALDERMAN A. COMMINS, LL.D., M.P., FRANK J. LESLIE, ESQ., ARTHUR CROSTHWAITE, ESQ,, M. HYSLOP MAXWELL, Jr., ESQ., WILLIAM DENTON, ESQ., R. W. RADCLIFFE-SMITH, ESQ., WILLIAM EVANS, ESQ, J.P., ALDERMAN J. N. STOLTERFOHT, COLONEL W. H. WALKER. Director of Museums: HENRY O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S. Assistant Curator of Derby Hluseum: JOSEPH A. CLUBB, M.Sc. Assistant Eurator of Wlaner Museum: P. ENTWISTLE. Ae ee _ GENERAL REPORT. The very able and complete reports furnished by the Chief Librarian, the Curator of the Art Gallery, and the Director of our Museums leave little to be said; but it may be convenient to summarise the distinctive features of our work, which stand out prominently as marking the advance of the Institutions under our care, and the increased value a placed upon them by the community at large. ; The past year was a period of great commercial prosperity and active em- q ployment for all classes, and therefore, as leisure time has been restricted, we have had a falling off in the number of the readers at our various _ Libraries ; but it is gratifying to find that the decrease in our issues have been entirely in works of fiction, and that our issues of standard "literature, works on science and technology, have been fully maintained. Our endeavour to bring our stores of special books within the know- ledge of all have proved a great success, and our displays of works on art and on our local history, were greatly appreciated, and gave a stimulus to readers in these departments. ey EHe need for further Libraries is pressing, and the Committee are ‘glad to think that they will shortly be able to proceed with the erection of Libraries at the South end, at West Derby, and at Wavertree. They are also anxious to provide a Library for Kirkdale as soon as their ances will admit. ~ The work of our Museums is much hampered by the structural altera- tions rendered necessary by the new buildings, but we shall be amply pensated for our present inconveniences by the magnificent accom- dation which will be afforded by the new galleries when completed. The area of our Museum will then be 64,000 feet. Our largest gallery will contain 20,000 feet (the largest gallery in the British Museum containing only 13,900 feet), and it will be possible to display far better than in any other Museum the various groups of the animal kingdom in their phylogenetic relations, and as nearly as possible, therefore, in their natural sequence. The Museum will thus be at once compre- hensible to the general public, and vastly more instructive than it has one ih herto been. © GENERAL REPORT. The Committee have encouraged original research by our Museum Staff, and the Bulletin published quarterly has already taken its place among the leading scientific periodicals of the day. The Sokotra Expedition yielded some 2,000 specimens, of which 100 species are new to science, and the whole are new to our collection. The action of the Committee in sending out this Expedition has been most warmly appreciated in scientific circles. Our Art Gallery has been further enriched by the purchase of four important works from the Autumn Exhibition. It is difficult to bring home to the people of Liverpool the very magnificent Gallery of pictures they now possess. Our Curator, in his admirable report, directs attention to special pictures which mark our Gallery as one of great excellence, and the fact that our pictures are now valued at over £100,000 is another proof of the quality and extent of our collection. Unfortunately we are short of hanging space, and a further extension of the Galleries is much needed. The Autumn Exhibition is now firmly established in the confidence of the artists, and in the appreciation of the public. The Committee have shewn great public spirit in making this Exhibition as beautiful and as attractive as possible, and they have been rewarded by great and increasing success. They ask for the support of the picture buying public of Liverpool, as the more pictures sold out of our Autumn Exhibi- tion the greater the inducement to artists to exhibit; and certainly our Autumn collection is the finest display of art work of the year in the country, for not only do we ingather the best pictures from the Spring Exhibitions in London, but we have the advantage of securing the pictures painted during the Spring and Summer after the London Exhibitions are opened. We, therefore, have every opportunity of making our Autumn display widely representative. WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, CHAIRMAN. THE MUSEUMS. The Director of Museums furnishes the Forty-Seventh Annual Report upon the conpucr and proaress of the Museums. I.—GENERAL. Tue FREE Pusttc Museums comprise :— (A) the Dersy Mvsrevm, of which the nucleus was the collections bequeathed in 1851 to the City, by the Thirteenth Earl of Derby. — It coutains the British Collections, and the general Zoological, Geological, Mineralogical, and Botanical Departments, besides which there is an Aquarium, containing both Fresh and Salt Water Animals. (B) the Mayer Musrcm, the larger part of which was collected and presented to. the Corporation in 1867, by Joseph Mayer, Esq., F.S.A. These collections are specially rich in (a) Egyptian, Babylonian, and Assyrian Antiquities; (b) Medieval European Ivories, Bronzes and Illuminated Manuscripts ; (ce) the unrivalled Brian-Faussett Anglo-Saxon Collection ; (d) the Mather Miniatures ; and (e) the very important Pottery Collections, conspicuously rich in Wedgwood and Old Liverpool Wares. Asso- ciated with this Museum, as belonging more nearly to the subjects illustrated by it, though not forming to any large extent part of the Mayer Bequest, are (f) the Ethnographical Collections, chiefly of barbaric races. The building, in which these collections are housed, was erected at the cost of the late Sir William Brown, in October, 1860. The Exhibition Galleries are open free to the public, as under : — _ During January, November, and December ... from 10 to 4 s February : ara be, ra 4 AO tO, 4-8) a March and Oataber me tie Nee: Migteraee 08 roms April to September... : Sear 39 LOG Also on Monday Evenings during yéutaey eh March, and October to December 7 to 10 4 MUSEUMS. The Museums are closed on Sundays and Fridays (except the Fridays of Whit-, Easter- and Christmas-Weeks) throughout the year, as well as on Christmas Day, and days of Public Fast and Thanksgiving. The Museums were represented by the Director at the British Association, which met under the Presidency of Sir Michael Foster, F.R.S., at Dover, and also at the meeting of the Museums Associaton at Brighton, under the presidency of H. Willet, Esq., F.G.S. Parts 1 and 2 of Volume II. of the Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums were issued on the 18th May and the 30th September respectively. Part 1 contains preliminary descriptions of the new species obtained by the Sokotran Expedition. (a) The new Birds are described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant and the Director, (6) the new Reptiles by Mr. Boulenger, F.R.S.,(¢) the new Scorpions, Centipedes. and Millepedes by Mr. Pocock, (d) the new Butterflies by Mr. Ogilvie- (srant, and (e) the new Land Shells by Mr. Edgar Smith. A note on cast metal work from Benin and the Catalogue of the Coracie complete its contents. Part 2 contains descriptions of further new species from Sokotra (@) new Moths by Sir G. Hampson, Bart. ;(b) new Spiders by Mr. Pocock; (c) new Orthoptera by Mr. Burr; and (d) new Hemiptera by Mr. Kirkaldy. In addition there is a note on three rare and not hitherto figured species of Zosterops in the Derby Collection by Mr. Robinson, illustrated by a coloured plate; a list of the birds of the Antarctic Regions by the Director; and the - Catalogue of the Charadriformes in the Derby Collection. The 3rd and 4th numbers completing Volume II., will be issued as one part early in January. — The Science Cabinets have, after reorganisation, again been distri- buted to the different Elementary Schools in the City. Two of these Cabinets were sent to the English Education Hxhibition held in December, at the Imperial Institute, South Kensington, London, and their educational value was greatly appreciated. The applications for the series of Technical Appliances on loan from the Museum have been well maintained, especially lanterns MUSEU US. 5 and lantern slides for lecture purposes, and which it is very desirable should be increased in number. The most important event of the year was the return of the Expedition sent by the Corporation to Sokotra, which was successful in securing large collections of great scientific interest and value. The expedition consisted of the Director of Museums; Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, of the Ornithological Department of the British Museum; and Mr. J. W. Cutmore, Taxidermist of the Derby Museum. It was aided by a contribution from the Government grant of the Royal Society, by a vote of money and of instruments from the Royal Geographical Society, and by a grant from the _ British Association made at its meeting in 1898 at Bristol. The party left England on October 28th, 1898, and arrived in ; Aden on November 18th. The entire voyage out was utilised in ~ making a collection of the minute organisms which abound in the ‘sea by sieving the water through very fine silk nets attached to the _ discharge pipe of pumps, which, by the courtesy of the owners and _ the captain of the Manora, were allowed to work uninterruptedly _ day and night. The members of the expedition, who on their arrival in Aden were immediately received by the Political Resident, Brigadier-General 3 Creagh, V.C., were deeply disappointed to learn from him that, owing to political difficulties which had arisen between the Indian Government and the Sultan of Sokotra, it would be impossible for q them to proceed to their destination. The Resident had, before _ their departure from England, cabled to the India Office in London that they should be advised to postpone their visit, but, through ‘Some unexplained cause, that information was not conveyed to them. _ Their arrival in Aden was, therefore, naturally a surprise to the Political Resident, who, in the fullest sympathy with the position _in which they found themselves, the same day despatched an urgent q Be aEe to the Indian Government, explaining the situation and 6 MUSEUMS. It is impossible to express fully the grateful thanks of the Mem- bers of the Expedition to General Creagh for his personal hospitality and for his great kindness in doing everything possible to make the days of the enforced stay of the expedition in Aden of profit to it. The Government bungalow at Sheik Othman, some twelve miles north of Aden, was generously lent to the expedition by him, and later, through his recommendation, an invitation was received from the Sultan of Lahej, in South Arabia, for the expedition to visit his dominions. His Highness met the members of the party at his boundary, conveyed them to the capital, hospitably entertained them, and assisted them in every possible way during their stay. The Expedition has to express its obligations to the military authorities in Aden in lending for this journey baggage and riding-camels from the garrison establishment, and also the attendance upon them as a guard of a native officer (jemadar) and one sowar. The helpful aid of the First Political Assistant, Captain Jacob, in all these arrangements must also be very cordially acknowledged. A most profitable stay could undoubtedly have been made at Lahej, which is a very little explored region, had the expedi- tion been eventually prevented from visiting Sokotra. It had only, however, begun what was proving to be a very interesting collection when intimation was received from General Creagh that authority had been obtained from the Government of India for the expedition to proceed to its destination. A speedy return having therefore been made to Aden, where eight Somali servants were engaged to accom- pany it in various capacities, the expedition embarked on December Ist, 1898, with its stores and baggage, on board the Royal Indian Marine Steamer Elphinstone, which the Indian Government had very generously placed at its disposal to carry it to and from the island. Authority had also been obtained from General Creagh to break the voyage for several days at Abd-el-Kuri, an island lying between Sokotra and Cape Guardafui on the Eastern Horn of Africa, This islet had never before been scientifically examined; and during the short stay made there several species of plants and animals new to science were discovered, among them a new Salsola, a new Con- volvolus, and a new species of Kuphorbia (Euphorbia abdelkuri), belonging to a family of plants of which many singular forms occur MUSEUMS. 7 in Sokotra, the most remarkable botanical discovery of the exped:- tion. The new species of birds, Passer hemileucus and Motacilla forwoodi, only slightly differentiated from species occurring both in Sokotra and Somaliland, indicate the comparatively recent separa- tion of Abd-el-Kuri from the mainland. The geological structure of the island was found to present many points of similarity to that of Sokotra. It has suffered great denudation, however, for the limestone, which is of both Cretaceous and Tertiary age, has dis- appeared everywhere except on one or two summits. Volcanic rocks abound, and from the high peak—1,750 feet in height _ the anchorage they resembled a number of papille rising from a desert of sand. The island has but few inhabitants, who are very poor and miserably housed. Some of them are fishers and divers overlooking 3 for pearl-shells. Numerous chelonian carapaces strewn about near their huts indicated that the Hawk’s-bill turtle was a common fre- _ quenter of their coasts. The most notable feature of the vegetation ¥ was the absence of those characteristic plants of Sokotra,the Dragon’s blood (Dracena), Myrrh (Balsamodendron), and Frankincense (Bos- wellia) trees, though Abd-el-Kuri lies nearer to the African coast _ than the main island. The Geological collections, therefore, show that the whole of it was submerged at a time when Sokotra was _ probably a land area. The poverty of the fauna and flora of the _ island is, therefore, in agreement with its geological history. On December 6th the Hlphinstone left Abd-el-Kuri, and on the 7th anchored off Hadibu, the capital of Sokotra. On the 8th the Director, accompanied by the commander of the EH/phinstone, landed and was received by the Sultan, to whom he presented letters of recommendation from the Government, and readily received permis- i sion for the expedition to visit all parts of the island. The next day as the party went ashore and camped in the mountain-girt plain in northern slopes of the Haghier Mountains. On the 18th of the ‘month the camp was moved to Dahamis, at an elevation of 1,500 feet, where all the European members of the x were unfortunately very soon laid down a pernicious form of malaria. On the 26th, however, 8 MUSEUMS. Plains, where it was hoped a more salubrious camping-ground would be found. But the continued sickness of the party—among whom for several days there was not a single undisabled member—made it necessary, after a few days’ trial of this camp, to seek a still higher altitude on the Haghier range. The tents were consequently struck on December 30th, and transported to Jena-agahan, where, notwith- standing that fever was still very prevalent and the expedition was practically deprived, during the greater part of the time of its stay there (owing to his serious illness), of the services of the taxidermist, many of the most interesting specimens in the collection were secured, the most notable perhaps being the beautiful wild ass, of which large herds roamed the plains below the camp. On January 15th the camp was moved a two days’ journey to the high plateau of Homhil, which proved to be a most successful collecting station. The health of the expedition rapidly improved, the climate and scenery were invigorating, with an abundant flora and fauna. There were here obtained roots and seeds of the shrubby gentian (Hwacum ceeruleum), one of the most lovely species both in flower and foliage of a beautiful family, and of a fine broad-leaved amyrillid (Heman- thus grandifolius), On January 27th a move was made from Homhil to Adho Dimel- lus, in the heart of the Haghier Mountains, at about 4,000 feet above sea-level—one of the most salubrious and beautiful spots imaginable. There over a fortnight was spent with great profit to all departments of the collection. | Numerous butterflies were captured, some of great rarity, such as Papilio benetti, of which only one broken speci- men was previously known, as well as roots and seeds of some of the most remarkable of the plants of the island, whose Alpine flora bears all the marks of great antiquity. On February 18th the expedition had to make its way back to the plain of Hadibu to await the return of the Elphinstone, which on the 21st of the same month anchored off the town, and took on board the members of the expedition and the collections. The same evening the despatch-boat sailed for Abd-el-Kuri, where it was decided to supplement the collections already obtained there by a few days’ further exploration. From Abd-el-Kuri the E/phinstone brought the expedition direct to Aden, MUSEUMS. 9) arriving there on the night of February 26th, 1899. The party left Aden on March 2nd, and sixteen days later arrived in London. The results of the expedition may be summarised as follows : —Of mammals there are examples of one or two species of rat, of one species of civet cat, one species of bat, and a fine wild ass. Of birds _ there are some 300 specimens, 250 in skin and 50 in spirit, out of which seven species have been described by the Director and Mr. Grant as new to science. A large series of reptiles, described by Mr. Boulenger, was acquired, which contains one genus and eight species new to herpetology. Of the scorpions, millepedes, and spiders ob- tained, Mr. Pocock has described one new genus and seven new _ species in the former group, and one new genus and four new species in the latter. Of the land-shells (numbering several thousands), _ Mr. Edgar Smith has described eight species as new to his depart- ment of zoology. Of insects there are several thousands, and Mr. _ Ogilvie-Grant has described three new butterflies, one of them a _ very beautiful and large Charaxes (C. velox), while Sir George Hampson has diagnosed one new genus and fourteen new species of moths. Mr. Burr, who has examined the Orthoptera, describes two new genera and six new species; while Mr. Kirkaldy has described the whole of the species of Hemiptera as new to science. Lord Walsingham has found the whole of the Microlepidoptera to be new ; to science. Professor B. Balfour, F.R.S., of Edinburgh, reports that the plants, of which living specimens or ripe seeds, over 200 in number, have been brought home, are of great scientific interest. Their cultivation is being kindly undertaken by him in the Royal Botanical Gardens at Edinburgh. Five species are new to science, an y eleven new to the botany of the Sokotran island ol aater- asad _ The true Sokoteri of the mountains, the Mahri, were found to be a | light-complexioned Mahomedan people only poorly civilised, iving in caves or rude cyclopean huts, who possess but few utensils, implements, or ornaments, and almost no weapons. The ethno- ' IBeaphical collections are consequently very small; still, there have 10 MUSEUMS. been brought back specimens of their pottery, of their primitive quernlike mills, of their basket- work, and of their weaving appara- tus. The expedition has likewise brought back and deposited in the British Museum two large blocks of stone inscribed with an ancient script, which may perhaps throw some light on the language of the people who occupied the island in a past age, and of whose cyclopean remains interesting photographs have been obtained. In addition to the biological collections—in which six new genera and sixty-seven new species have been already described—a number of geological specimens were brought together, which have been examined by Dr. Gregory, of the British Museum. A daily meteorological register was kept, and trigonometrical and astronomical observations conducted by the Director. From the latter a new map of the island will, be constructed. The results of the expedition, in regard to the question of geo- graphical distribution, add little to what the investigations of Balfour, Schweinfurth, and Riebeck have established; but several of the zoological species confirm the presence, indicated by the botany, of a South American element in the biology of the island ; and as Professor Balfour reports, the botanical specimens further support the African—especially the Abyssinian and Somaliland— connection, strengthen the bonds with the opposite Asiatic main- land, and further illustrate most interestingly the remarkable East Indian relationship. The full report on the results of the expedition, to be shortly pub- lished as a special volume, will contain a Narrative of the Expedi- tion, and complete lists of the fauna and flora of the islands visited, with coloured figures of all the new species, with notes on their Geology and Anthropology. II.— VisiTors. During the year there has been a decrease in the number of visitors to the Museums compared with that of the previous year, as shown by the following table : — MUSEUMS. 11 1898. 1899. (264 Days) (262 Days) : Total Visitors in the Year aa = 354,114 hag 310,482 Weekly Average... a aes ae 6,809 sae 5,970 Daily Average a oa = 38 a. 1,341 ide 1,185 ‘ . ‘ 4 9 The falling off in the aggregate attendance of visitors for the year is probably owing partly to the fine summer, and partly to the unavoidable closing of part of the Exhibition Galleries. Our daily average, notwithstanding, is slightly in excess of that of the British Museum (Natural History) for 1898. The attendance of school children under the charge of teachers has been well maintained, upwards of 1,200 children and 60 teachers having availed themselves of the clause in the Education Code, ; whereby time devoted to instruction in Museums reckons as school | attendance. Persons desirous of employing the Museums for the purpose of research, reference or sketching, can obtain, by application to the ql Director, and on giving satisfactory references, tickets enabling them | to enter on Fridays, when there are special facilities afforded them for study; a room is devoted to their accommodation, where particular objects of study may, with the approval of the Director, be brought for their convenience from the cases. Tickets were issued, as usual, during the year (chiefly) to Artists and Students of Natural History, Osteology and Dental Anatomy, who have made extensive use of the collections on the days the Museums were other- wise closed to the public. The following, among others, have visited the Museums during the year for the purpose of inspecting the collections or other special object :—C. W. Andrews, British Museum; R. Meinertzhagen, ‘Mottisfont, Hants; R. B. N. Walker, Gold Coast ;Dr. Chalmers, “a Accra ; Prof. “namie ig College, oak G. W. Stokes, 12 MUSEUMS. University; Prof. Boyce, University College, Liverpool ; W. E. Hoyle, M.A., Owens College, Manchester; St. George Littledale ; W. L. Sclater, Director of the South African Museum, Cape Town ; Dr. Chute, King Williams Town, Cape Colony; Der Graf zu Erbach- Fiirstenau; M. Salomon Reinach (Member of the Institute of France); E. Dunkinfield Jones; Dr. Durant. IUJ.— Lectures. Twenty-one Lectures were delivered by members of the Staff on Monday evenings in the Theatre of the Museums. They were illus- trated by specimens from the Museums and by lantern slides. The total attendance at the Lectures was 2,470. The following is a list of the subjects :— A course of four lectures on ‘‘ New Zealand and its Aborigines ”’ was given by the Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum, Mr. P. Entwistle, as follows :— Jan. 9th.—‘‘ The Coming of the Maoris.” Jan. 16th‘ Fortifications and Habitations.” Jan. 23rd.— Moko, or the Maori Art of Tattooing.” I. Jan. 30th.—‘ Moko, or the Maori Art of Tattooing.” II. and two on general subjects, as follows : — Feb. 6th.—‘ Recent Additions to the Museum from N.W. Australia and Tibet.” Feb. 13th.—‘* Loot from Benin.” A course of three lectures on “The Fishes in the Museum Aquarium” was given by the Assistant Curator of the Derby Museum, Mr. Joseph A. Clubb, M.Sc., as follows :— Feb. 20th.—‘‘ General Characteristics of Fishes.”’ Feb. 27th.—‘ Electric Fishes.” March 6th—‘ The African Lung and Walking Fishes.” A course of three lectures on ‘‘ The Life-History of a Fern” was given by the Assistant in the Derby Museum, Mr. W. S. Laverock, M.A., B.Sce., as follows :— March 13th.—‘‘ Spores and the part they play.” March 20th.— The Seedling Fern, and where it comes from.’ : : March 27th.—‘ The Adult, or spore-bearing Fern.” MUSEUMS. 13 4 course of four lectures on “ The Black Tribes of the Soudan ”’ was given by the Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum, Mr. P. ~ Entwistle, as follows :— Oct. 9th.—‘‘ Their Character and Distribution.” Oct. 16th.—‘ Farmers of the White Nile.” . Oct. 23rd.— The Metal-working tribes of the Soudan.” ~ Oct. 30th.—* The Zandah Cannibals.” A course of five lectures on “ Animal Functions: how they are performed” was given by the Assistant Curator of the Derby Museum, Mr. Joseph A. Clubb, M.Se. :— Nov. 6th.—‘‘ Man: a Machine.” Nov. 13th—* Breath and Breathing.” I. Nov. 20th.—* Breath and Breathing.” II. Nov. 27th.—‘ The Heart and the Blood.” 4th.— TheDigestion of Food.” ——————s A. DERBY MUSEUM. a Ture Entrance Hatt anD GALLERIES. ) a (BririsH COLLECTIONS. ) The work of filling up the blanks in our Collection, and the effective labelling of the specimens, have been continued. The Collections representing the local fauna have been much studied and eonsulted by local collectors, scholars and youths of both sexes 1 terested in Natural History. ZooLoGicAL DEPARTMENT. (a) GENERAL. During the past year there has been no change in the number or uties of the Staff. The work of cataloguing has been continued, a nd during the year the Coracie and the Charadriformes among the birds have been completed and published, while the Reptiles have _ been commenced, and some considerable progress made. The 14 MUSEUMS. acquisitions to the Museum during the year have been large, and much of the time of the Scientific Staff has been occupied in the identification and registration of these specimens. Much temporary inconvenience has been caused to the public from the closing of several of the larger galleries necessitated by the removal of the exterior walls of the old building for the purpose of joining it on to the Extension in course of erection; and to the Scientific Staff by their having during the reconstruction to vacate the rooms in the basement which have so long inefficiently served for laboratories. | When completed these dismal, badly lighted apart- ments, formerly the kitchen and rooms of the caretaker, which possess no single appliance for the conduct of scientifie work, will, by the enlargement of the rooms, heightening of the windows, and the in- troduction of all the most modern fittings and appliances, at last and for the first time in the history of the institution, provide suitable accommodation and studies for the scientific officers. he Sokotran collections have not yet all arrived at the Museum, as it has been necessary to retain all the specimens of the different groups intact in London until the specialists who have kindly under- taken their identification had completed their work. It has been impossible, therefore, to incorporate them in this year’s Register. The whole of the collections will appear among the additions to the Museum in the next Annual Report. The series of photographic enlargements illustrating the various races of mankind have been still further added to. Copies have, as in previous years, been presented to the British Museum, and a series is being supplied to Cambridge University; while requests have been received from other Museums for copies in exchange. These anthropological photographs (inaugurated and first exhibited in England in this Museum) early attracted the commendation of so distinguished an anthropologist as the late Sir William Flower; and since then the collection has been visited by many anthropologists from Europe and America, who have expressed their appreciation of its great value. a MUSEUMS. 15 (6) ARRANGEMENT. _ he same general arrangement of the collections has been main- - tained throughout the year, and in view of the Extension, when much change and re-arrangement will be involved, little can be done beyond keeping the collections, as at present exhibited, in proper order. (c) ConsERVATION. _ All the collections on exhibition have been periodically examined, ~ dusted and kept free from moth or other pest. The store cabinets and tanks, containing specimens preserved in fluid, have also been _ systematically gone over for the purpose of renewing the spirit or other preservative. The store cabinets of dried specimens also ‘require constant attention, insects especially being liable to deterioration. ‘ _ The work of reducing the duplicate specimens of mounted birds and forming cabinet skins of them for the siudy collection has been continued. (d) Loans. | Skull with horns and two skins of the Derbian Eland (Oreas ! lerbianus) were lent to Dr. P. L. Selater. 3 : Specimens of Paleornis derbianus, Myzomela spp. Zosterops semperi, (¢) PRESENTS. _ Perhaps the most important donation of the year is the share of the ‘‘ Challenger Expedition’ duplicates, received from the Trustees 16 MUSEUMS. of the British Museum. The collection contains upwards of 1,500 specimens, representing over 500 species, many of which are of great interest and importance. Another valuable gift is a collection of British Birds, made by R. Meinertzhagen, Esq., of Mottisfont, Hants. This collection contains a large series of Tits and Linnets and has greatly enriched our British Bird collection. Messrs. Barnum & Bailey have again very kindly sent us, during the year, several animals of great value which have died in their Menagerie, among which may be specially mentioned a Polar Bear and a large female Chimpanzee. Mr. A. Ridyard, of the $8.8. “ Niger,” still continues his most generous efforts on behalf of the Museum, and we have again to record a number of West African species among our acquisitions. (f) ExcHaNnGEs. Skins and skulls of Gibbon (Hylobates miilleri, Martin) g and Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus (Wurmb.) ) 2 were received in exchange from Mr. W. L. H. Duckworth, Cambridge, for carease of young Gorilla. Living specimens of the Paradise Fish (Polyacanthus viridi-auratus, Lacep.), and the Central American Fish (Heros jfacetus), were received from Captain Vipan, Wansford, in exchange for living Electric Cat-fish (Walapterurus electricus, Linn.) Skin of the New Zealand Owl (Sceloglaux albifacies, Gray), sent to Mr. Fleming, Toronto, in exchange for Cory’s Least Bittern (Ardetta neoxena) 2. Two specimens of Chlorocharis squamiceps, Hart., 2 , from 8. Celebes, and Zosterops aignani, Hart., 2, from the Louisiade Archipelago, received in exchange from Mr. H. C. Robinson for two specimens of Zosterops abyssinica, Heugl., and two of Z. madagascariensis (Gm.) One specimen of Jacana nigra (Gm.), received from Mr. H. C. Robinson for a subsequent exchange. Skin with skull of Gibbon (Hylobates miilleri, Martin), 2 , received from Mr. W. L. H. Duckworth for a subsequent exchange. MUSEUMS. 17 Two Electric Cat-fish (Malapterurus electricus, Linn.) living, were sent to Professor Gotch, Oxford, for exhibition at the Royal Institution in illustration of his lecture and for subsequent laboratory experi- : mentation. : One dozen Walking-fish (Periophthalmus koelreuteri, Pall.) living, : were sent to the Zoological Gardens, London. One Mud-fish (Protopterus annectens, Owen), one Electric Cat-fish 2 (Malapterurus electricus, Linn.), and six Walking-fish (Periophthalmus - - hoelreuteri, Pall.) living, were sent to Zoological Gardens, Dublin. mer 4 _ Five Bird Skins (Ptilinopus roseicapillus (Less.), 2 3; Halcyon “einnamominus, Swains, ¢ and 2; and Phlogoenas zanthonura (Temm.) 2, imm.), from Marianne Island, received for a subsequent exchange from the Tring Museum. (g/ ACQUISITIONS. IN VERTEBRATES— Protozoa. Foraminifera (Carpenteria monticularis, Carter) (D. 28. 8. 99. 1) ; ex “ Challenger ” collection, presented by the Trustees of the British te Porifera (Sponges). Cup Sponge (Raphiophora patella) (D. 24. 7. 99. 1.); presented by Coelenterata. (Zoophytes, Sea Anemones, etc.). - Sertularia pumila, Linn.; Obelia gelatinosa, Pall.; Tubularia indivisa, I 3 Garveia nutans, T.S.W. (D. 24. 4. 99. 71-74); collected at ilbre Island by members of the Staff. Coral from West Bay, Fernando Po (D. 26. 6. 99. 2); Gorgonid sp. indet.) from §. W. Africa (D. 26. 6. 99. 3.); presented by fy. A. Ridyard. A number of Sea Anemones (Actinia equina, Linn.; and Urticina erassicornis, Mull.) from Scarborough (D. 24. 8. 99. 1 & 2); presented iving by Mr. W. Hibbert. 18 MUSEUMS. Twenty-three species of Coelenterata, representing both Hydrozoa and Actinozoa (D. 28. 8. 99. 18-35): ex ‘Challenger ”’ collection, presented by the Trustees of the British Museum. Collection of Dried Corals (D. 27. 11. 99. 15); presented by the Trustees of the late Nathaniel Caine. Echinoderma. (Starfishes, etc.). Star-fish (sp. indet.) from S. America (D. 27. 7. 99. 11); presented by Mr. W. Swan. Collection of upwards of one hundred species of Kchinoderms, representing Echinoidea, Ophiuroidea, Crinoidea, Asteroidea, and Holothuroidea (D. 28. 8. 99. 36-143); ex ‘‘ Challenger ”’ collection, presented by the Trustees of the British Museum. Vermes. (Worms, etc.) Two Nereid Worms (D. 24. 4. 99. 76): collected at Hilbre Island by members of the Staff. Sea-mouse (Aphrodite aculeata, Linn.) (D, 13. 5. 99. 1): died in Aquarium. Collection of thirty species of Marine Worms, principally Annelids and Gephyreans (D. 28. 8. 99. 144-174); twenty-four microscopic slides of species of Polyzoa (D. 28. 8. 99. 400-424): and ten species of Brachiopods (D. 28. 8. 99. 425-484); cx “Challenger” collection, presented by the Trustees of the British Museum. Arthropoda. Crustacea (Crabs, Lobsters, etc.) A Spiny Spider Crab (Maia squinado, Rondel), from the Bay of Biscay (D. 14. 6. 99. 8); presented by Capt. W. Eagle, per Messrs. Dunean & Sons. Hermit Crab (sp. indet.) from Fernando Po, West Africa (D.26.6.99. 6); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Prawn (Palaemonetes varians), from Wallasey Marsh, Cheshire, (D. 27. 7. 99. 16); from Aquarium Tank. Collection of twenty-five species of Crustacea, containing represen- tatives of the Cirripedia and Decapoda (D. 28. 8, 99. 175-199); ex MUSEUMS. 19 “Challenger ” collection, presented by the Trustees of the British ~ Museu. = _ Macrourous Crustacean (Callianassa turnerana, A. White) (D, 27.11. (99. 8); presented by Mr. S. Smith, per Mr. A. Ridyard. ) ‘Tracheata. (Insects, Spiders, etc.). Collection of Insects (Acridium peregrinum, Oliv.; Mantis, sp.; - Hetrodes spinosa, etc.) ; Spiders, Scorpion, etc., from the Gaboon _ District, West Africa (D. 9. 8. 99.1-16) ; Hornet’s Nest and various 7 other Insects and Spiders (spp. indet.) from Fernando Po and Cameroons (D. 26. 6. 99. 1 & 4-7) ; and a Scorpion (sp. indet.) from Boma (D. 27. 11.99. 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, chief engineer, 8.8. ‘* Niger.” - Large Larve of Beetles from Abouri, W. Africa (D. 9. 3. 99. 17) ; presented by Dr. A. J. Chalmers. 9 Pupal stage of Cockroach found in boxes from West Africa (D. 15. 8. 99. 1). Gollection of Insects (spp. indet.) from Venezuela (D. 24. 7. 99. 2) ; presented by Mr. J. Crum. E Collections of Insects, Spiders, etc., including a number of Wood- boring Beetles (spp. indet.) found in American timber (D. 27. 7. 99. a 5) (D. 28. 8. 99. 464-477) (D. 26. 9. 99. 21-25) (D. 10. 10. 99. 2-4) (D. 27. 11. 99. 9-14) (D. 18. 12. 99.2 & 3); presented by Mr. Wm. O Water Scorpion (Belostoma heldemanum, L. ?) from North America (D. 9. 5. 99. 1); presented by Councillor Hyslop Maxwell, Jun. Puss Moth (Cerura vinula, Linn.) caught at Bootle (D. 14. 6. 99.1) ; presented by Mr. Holmes. ‘Nest of Leaf-cutting Bee (D. 14. 6. 99. 2.); presented by Mr. E. S. lwo specimens of a species of Dipteron (sp. a indet.) taken from bottle ontaining specimens of the Australian Bird Philemon buceroides, Swains. (D. 28. 8. 99. 200); ea “ Challenger ” collection, presented by he Trustees of the British Museum, 20 MUSEUMS. Centipede (sp. indet.) found in hold of §.S. ‘ Parense,” trading with Para, Brazil (D. 28. 8. 99. 460); purchased. Scorpion and Centipede (spp. indet.), from Virgin Islands, British West Indies (D. 28. 8. 99. 461 and 462) ; presented by Mr. Leonard Reade. Saw-fly (Sirex gigas, L.) (D. 28. 8. 99. 463) ; presented by Rey. T. S. Lea. Collection of Moths from China and Thibet, representing about twenty-four species (indet.) (D. 28. 8. 99. 478): presented by Mr. H. E. Hobson. Collection of Australian Beetles, representing about twenty species, including Calodema kirbyi, Hope; Schizorhina gymnopleura (Macleay): Lomaptera australis? Wallace ; Rosenbergia megacephala, Pollen ; Tragoceros spencei, Hope and Cladognathus limbatus, Waterhouse (D. 26. 9. 99. 1-20); purchased. Weevil Beetle (sp. indet.) found on an Orchid (D 26. 9. 99. 26) presented by Mr. A. Heywood. Stick Insect, Beetle, Spider (spp. indet.) and four Rock Scorpions (Buthus afer, L.) from Cameroon, West Africa (D. 27. 11. 99. 4-7) presented by Mr. 8. Smith, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Locust (sp. indet.) from Spain (D. 13. 12. 99. 1); presented by Mr- R. Coupland. Wasp’s Nest (D. 8. 2. 99. 1); presented by Mr. Geo. Smith. A collection of Insects (principally Lepidoptera) from North Australia consisting of 150 specimens and about 100 species (D. 31 12. 99. 1-100); purchased. A Beetle ( sp. indet.) (D. 15. 12. 99. 1). Mollusea. (Shells, etc.). Collection of shells from the Loyalty Islands, consisting of about 150 specimens and 71 species (D. 24. 4. 99. 1-71); presented by Mr. W. Crosfield. Sea Slug (Coryphella rufibranchialis, Johnst.) from Hilbre Island (D, 24. 4. 99. 75); collected by members of the Staff. MUSEUMS. rk ss Cast of Fossil Shell (Zsocardia sp.) from a quarry, Salisbary Hill, _ Bath (D. 1. 6. 99. 1); presented by Mr. A. Hickman. Collection of Shells, containing upwards of 1,000 specimens and _ about 200 species, representing most of the divisions of the Mollusca (D. 28. 8. 99. 201-399); ea “Challenger” collection, presented by the _ Trustees of the British Museum. ¢ Cuttle-fish (EHledone cirrhosus, Lam.) found on New Brighton shore - (D. 10. 10. 99. 1); presented by Mr. J. Veitch. Two Land Shells (Achatina reticulata, Pfieff) from Accra, Gold Coast (D. 27. 11. 99. 3); presented by Dr. J. Edward Mettle, per Mr. _ A. Ridyard. Land Slug (Limaz sp.) (D. 10. 10 99. 2); presented by Mr. Wm. Swan. ‘CHORDATES. Tunicates. Fishes. | English Trout from Tasmanian water (C. 13. 1.99 1); presented by the Tasmanian Government. lied in aquarium. Three blocks containing Mud-tish (Protopterus annectens, Owen) from Bathurst, West Africa (C. 20. 5. 99. 1): presented by Mr. Dougan. - Garfish (Belone vulgaris, Flem.) found in Ship Canal, Eastham Fis 1 (Polyacanthus viridi-auratus, Lacep.) (C. 22.5. 99. 1 & 2); received in exchange. (See page 16). ; A number of Walking-fish (Periophthalmus koelreuteri, Pall.) from Sette Cama, West Africa (C. 16. 6. 99. 1); Globe Fish (sp, endet.) from ata, West Africa and rostra of Saw Fish (Pristis sp.) from Futa, 29 MUSEUMS. Pipe-fish (sp. indet.) from North Atlantic Ocean (C. 30. 7. 99. 1); presented by Capt. G. Scott. Seven Pike (Hsox lucius, Linn.) from Heswall, Cheshire (C. 30. 7. 99. 2); presented by Mr. D. Brown. Collection of Fishes consisting of 119 specimens and 74 species (C. 28. 8. 99. 1-74); ex ‘Challenger ”’ collection, presentel by the Trustees of the British Museum. Two Cat-fishes (Clarias sp.) from River Densu, Acera (C. 27. 11. 99. 1); presented by Dr. J. Edward Mettle per Mr. A. Ridyard. Kel (Murena sp.) caught in Corisco Bay (C. 27. 11. 99. 2); presented by Mr. W. G. Stokes per Mr. A. Ridyard. Electric Cat-fish Malapterurus electricus, Linn.); two Calabar Polyteri (Calamoichthys calabaricus, Smith); and a Gar Pike (Belone sp.) from Cameroons (C. 27. 11. 99. 3-5); presented by Mr. S. Smith per Myr. A. Ridyard. Seven specimens of Marine Fishes (spp. indet.) from Cameroon (C. 27. 11. 99. 6-9); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. An Electric Cat-fish (Malapterurus electricus, Linn.); and 16 Walk- ing-fish (Periophthalmus koelreuteri, Pall.) from Rio del Rey, West Africa (C. 27. 11. 99. 10 & 11); presented by Mr. F. Cohn per Mr. A. Ridyard. Roach (Leuciscus rutilus, Linn.) from Aintree (C. 11. 6. 99. 2); three-spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus, Linn.) (C. 27. 7. 99. 1); and a Pike (EHsox lucius, Linn.) (C. 14. 7.99. 1); died in aquarium. Amphibians. Natterjack Toad (Bufo calamita, Lawr.) from Wallasey (C. 29. 7. 99. 1); presented by Mr. F. Jefferies. Two Menopomas (Cryptobranchus alleghaniensis (Daud.) ) lived in aquarium for about 11 years (C. 14. 9. 99. 1); died in aquarium. American Salamander (Amblystoma mexicanum, Cope) (C. 16. 10. 99.1); died in aquarium. Tadpole of Edible Frog (Rana esculenta, Linn.) (C. 27. 10. 99. 1); presented by Mr. Avann. — MUSEUMS.- 23 A Ceeilian (Ureotyphlus africanus, Ginth.) from Cameroons, West Africa (C. 27. 11. 99. 12); presented by Mr. S. Smith per Mr. A. Ridyard. Reptiles. Two Sternotheres (Sternotherus adansonii, Dum.) from Ambrizette, West Africa; two Chameleons (Chameleon cristatus, Gray; and Rhampholeon spectrum, Gunth.) from the Gaboon District, West _ Africa (B. 9. 3. 99. 2-4); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. * A Snake (Celopeltis monspessulana (Herman) ) from the banks of the _ Nile (B. 24. 2. 99. 1); presented by Mr. Hardwick, B.Sc. _ Five Snakes, including specimens of Erthyrolamprus aesculapii, Dun. and Bib., from Brazil (B. 24. 4. 99. 2-6); presented by Mr. E. ~ Marwood. _ Giant Tortoise (Testudo pardalis, Bell), from South Africa (B. 15. 5, 99. 1); purchased. . _ Alligator Terrapin (Chelydra serpentina (Linn.) ), from New Orleans (B. 26. 6. 99. 2); presented by Mr. EK. Broadbent. A Tortoise (Testudo calcarata, Schneid.), from Mossamedes, West Ringed Snake (Tropidonotus natrix (Linn.) ), from Gresford (B. 28. 8. 99. 157); presented by Mr. Kenyon. la _ Lizard (Anolis cristatellus, D. and B.), from Virgin Islands, British 24 MUSEUMS. Nose-horned Viper (Bitis nasicornis, Butt.), and another snake (sp. indet.), from Cameroon, West Africa (B. 27. 11. 99. 3 and 4); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. A Lizard (Varanus niloticus, D. and B., juv.) ; a young crocodile and nine snakes (spp. indet.), from Cameroon, West Africa (B. 27. 11. 99. 5-13); presented by Mr. S. Smith, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Snake (sp. indet.), from Savannah (B. 13. 12. 99. 32) ; presented by Messrs. W. Nelson & Son. Python Skin, from Sumatra (B. 27. 11. 99. 14); presented by Mr. W. Barclay. Ege of land Tortoise, from Tower Island, Galapagos Group (B. 28. 8. 99. 155); purchased. Birds. The species indicated by an asterisk are new to the Collection. Robin (Erithacus rubecula (Linn.) ), from Rock Ferry (B. 8. 2. 99. 1) ; presented by Mr. R. Adam. Purple Sandpiper (7'ringa striata, Naum.), from the Crosby Shore (B. 9. 3. 99. 1); presented by Mr. J. J. Richardson. Long-tailed Goatsucker (Scotornis climacurus (Vieill.)), taken south of Cape Verde (B. 9. 3. 99. 5); and young Lucan’s Crested Hagle (Lophotriorchis lucani) from Mayumba, West Africa (B. 27. 11. 99. 2); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Collection of British Birds, consisting of 380 specimens, represent- ing 140, species, and containing a large series of Tits, Linnets, and Ducks, together with a specimen of the rare British bird, Ciconia nigra (Linn.), shot at Northolt, Harrow (B. 23. 2. 99. 1-140); pre- sented by R. Meinertzhagen, Esq., Mottisfont, Hants. Four Partridges (Perdia duuricu (Pall.) ), 2 dand 2 ?, from Central Asia (B. 24. 4. 99. 1); purchased in the Liverpool market. Wryneck (Lynai torquilla, Linn.), ¢, from West Park, St. Helens (B. 16. 5. 99. 1); presented by Mr. T. West. Curassow (Crax panamensis, Grant) (B. 2. 6. 99. 1); purchased. Seven Landrails (Crex ecrex (Linn.)), 3 ¢ and 4 2, from Dalbeattie, N.B. (B. 24. 7. 99. 1): presented by Mr. Swanson, per Alexander Maxwell, Esq. MUSEUMS. 25 Hornbill (Ceratogymna atrata, Temm., jr.), from Setta Cama, West Africa (B. 24. 7. 99. 3); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Kingfisher (* Alcedo ispida, sub-sp. floresianu, Sharpe), 3, from _ Waingapo, Sumba (B. 28. 8. 99. 1); presented by Mr. H. C. ~ Robinson. : *Chlorocharis squamiceps, Hart, 2, from South Celebes, and _ * Zosterops aignani, Hart, 2, from the Lousiade Archipelago (B. 28. 8. 99. 2 and 3); received in exchange. (See page 16). Collection of 15 specimens, representing twelve species of Birds from China, of which the following are new to the collection :— a *Janthocincla berthemyi, David; *Brachypteryx sinensis, Rickett, 2 : — *Staphidia torqueola (Swinh.); *Yuhina pallida, De la Touche, ¢ and *Jole holti (Swinh.), ¢ (B. 28. 8. 99. 4-15); purchased. - Collection of eleven specimens, representing ten species of Birds from 8. E. New Guinea, of which *Melanopyrrhus orientalis, Schleg. _ is new to the collection (B. 28. 8. 99. 16-25) ; purchased. Collection of ten specimens, representing seven species of Birds principally from Brazil (B.28. 8. 99. 26-32) : purchased. Collection of 45 specimens, representing 38 species of Birds, (B. 28. 8. 99. 33-70) ex ‘Challenger’? Collection: presented by the ‘Trustees of the British Museum. - Two American Rheas (Rhea americana (Vieill.)) (B. 28. 8. 99. 71) ; presented by Mr. C. Proctor. following are new to the collection: *Nesomimus trifasciatus uld); *.N. macdonaldi, Ridgw.: *N. adamsi, Ridgw. ; * N. melanotis sub-sp. personatus, Ridgw.; *N.melanotis (Gould) ; *N. melanotis, sub-sp. sarringtoni, W. Rothsch.; *N. melanotis, sub-sp. bawri, Ridgw.; *N. inotis, sub-sp. bindloei, Ridgw.; *N. parvulus (J. Gould); *Certhidea iwacea, sub-sp. luteola, Ridgw.: *C. olivacea, sub-sp. ridgwayi, Roth. and Hart.; *C. olivacea, sub-sp. becki, Roth.; *C. olivacea, sub-sp. ‘mentalis, Ridgw.: *C. cinerascens, Ridgw.; *C. cinerascens, sub-sp. bifa sciatus, Ridgw.; *Progne concolor, Gould; *Geospiza conirostris, R ; *G. conirostris, sub-sp. propinqua, Ridgw.; *G. dubia, Gould ; 26 MUSEUMS. *G. fuliginosa, sub-sp. minor, Roth. and Hart.: *G. acutirostris, Ridgw.: *G. scandens (Gould): *G. scandens, sub-sp. intermedia, Ridgw.; *G. scandens, sub-sp. septentrionalis, Roth. and Hart.: *G. pallida (Sel. and Salv.): *G@. psittacula (Gould): *G. affiinis (Ridgw.); *G. difficilis, Sharpe: *G. debilirostris, Ridgw.: *G. habeli (Sel. and Salv.); *G. paupera (Ridgw.): *G. salvini (Ridgw.): *G@. prosthemelas (Sel. and Saly.) ; *Pyrocephalus dubius, Gould: *Buteo galapagoensis (Gould); *Asio galapagoensis (Gould) : *Pelecanus fuscus, sub-sp. californicus, Ridgw. : *Sula piscatriaz, sub-sp. websteri, Roth.: *S. nebouri, Milne, Edw. ; *Butorides plumbeus (Sund.): *Poectlonetta bahamensis, sub-sp. galapagensis, Ridgw.: *Nesopelia galapagoensis, sub-sp. exsul, Roth. and Hart.: *Hematopus galapagensis, Ridgw.: *Larus fuliginosus, Gould ; *Xema furcata (Néboux): *Anous stolidus, sub-sp. galapagensis, Sharpe: *Diomedea irrorata, Salv.: *Puffinus obscurus, sub-sp., subalaris, Ridgw.; *Aestrelata phaeopygia, Salv.; *Oceanodroma gracilis (Elliot): and *Spheniscus mendiculus, Sund. (B. 28. 8. 99. 72-154) ; purchased. Two specimens of Myzomela rosenberai, Schleg., ¢ and ? from New Guinea (B. 26. 9. 99. 1): purchased. Specimen of *Jacana nigra (Gm.) from Panama (B. 26. 9. 99. 2); received in exchange (see p. 16). Collection of Bird Skins containing 46 specimens, representing 37 species of which the following are new to the collection: * T’richoglossus hematodes, sub-sp. fortis, Hart. 2; *T. mitchelli, G. R. Gr. 3; *Osmotreron teysmanni (Schleg.), ¢: *Ptilinopus albocinctus (Wall.), 3; *Carpophaga sasakensis, Hart. 2: *Macropygia ruficeps, sub-sp. orientalis, Hart. 2; *Parotia lawesi, Rams. 3; *Cnemophilus mac- gregortt, De Vis.: *Loria loria, Salvad. g; *Haematortyx sanguiniceps, Sharpe ¢; *Polyplectron nehrkorne, Blas. ¢; *Turnix rufilatus, Wall. g¢: *Pitta maria, Hart. 2: *P. concinna, sub-sp. everetti, Hart. @:* P. jfinschi, Rams. 2; *Podargus intermedius, Hart. & ;_ *Geocichla dohertyi, Hart. 2: *Pachycephala nudigula, Hart. ¢: *P, everetti, Hart. 39: *P. melanura, sub-sp. buruensis, Hart. 3; *Scops albiventris, Sharpe, 3; *Spiloglaux fusca (Vieill.) 2 ;*Hieraglaux rudolphi (Meyer) g: *Orthnocichla everetti, Hart. 3; *Melirrhophetes belfordi, De Vis.; *Tropidorhynchus timoriensis, sub-sp. neglectus, Buttik, 2; *Chlorura intermedia, Hart. 9: *Turdinus finschi (Wall.) MUSEUMS. 27 2; *Acmonorhynchus aureolimbatus (Wall.) and *Graucalus sumbensis, Meyer, ¢ (B. 10. 10. 99. 1-37): purchased. Skin of *Pitta kuehni, Roth., from Kei Island (B. 27. 11. 99. 1) _ presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild. ; Skin of Lorius hypawnochrous, sub.-sp. devittatus, Hartert, from ~ Woodlark Island (B. 13. 12. 99. 1); presented by Mr. H. C. Robinson. Two Birds of Paradise (*Paradisea intermedia, De Vis. g and 2) _ from British New Guinea (B. 13. 12. 99. 2); purchased. Collection of Bird Skins containing 44 specimens representing 29 species from New Guinea, of which the following are new to the collection: *Haleyon nigrocyaneus, Wall.; *Ptilotis megarhynchus, ~G. R. Gr.; *Poecilodryas bimaculata (Salvad.); *P. leucops (Salvad.); *Pachycephala hyperythra, Salvad.; *Monarcha frater, Sclat.; *Rhectes eristatus, Salvad.; and *Caliechthrus leucolophus (S. Mull.) (B. 13. 12. 99. 3-31); purchased. _ Five Bird Skins (Ptilinopus roseicapillus (Less.)), 2 ¢; Halcyon _ cinnamominus, Swains. ¢ and 2, and Phlogoenas zanthonura, (Temm.), -@ imm.), from Marianne Islands (B. 31. 12. 99. 1-8), received in + hange. (See page 17). - Two Moa Bones (B. 31. 12. 99. 4 and 5); received in 1894 with a view to exchange, and being left unclaimed now referred to Register of this year. - Cory’s Least Bittern (*Ardetta neoxena, Cory) 2 (B. 31. 12. 99. 6) ; received in exchange. (See page 16). Mammals. 3 Bosman’s Potto (Perodicticus potto (Geoffr.) ); a Blue-faced Monkey (Cercopithecus cephus, F. Cuv.), and a Collared Mangabey (Cercocebus c is, Gray), from Batanga, West Africa (A. 28. 2. 99. 1-3); pre- ented by Mr. J. eben | Ror Mr. A. sae = ican Puma (Felis concolor, L) (A. 29. 99. 1): a Polar dir (Ursus maritimus, L.) (A. 24. 7. 99. 2); sia: a Chimpanzee (Anthro- ypithecus niger, (Linn.)) (A. 10. 10. 99. 4); presented by Messrs. Barnum & Bailey. 28 MUSEUMS. Human Skull from Isla Santa Isabel (A. 29. 5.-99. 2); purchased. Anoa (Anoa depressicornis (H. Smith), juv.) (A. 1. 6. 99. 1); purchased. Brain of Ornithorhynchus paradoxus, Blumb.; young of Macropus major, Phalangista sp., and a Cuscus (A. 28. 8. 99. 1-6); ex ‘‘Challenger ” collection, presented by the trustees of the British Museum. A Bat Skin from Virgin Island, British West Indies (A. 28. 8. 99. 7); presented by Mr. Leonard Reade. Skin and Skeleton of Notoryctes typhlops, Stirling (A. 28. 8. 99. 8); Skin and Skull of Putorius nudipes, from Sarawak (A. 26. 9. 99. 1) ; Skins and Skulls of Perognathus pernix, Allen, and Peromyscus thurberi, from Mexico, and Skin of T'upaia melanura, from Sarawak (A. 10. 10. 99 1-3); purchased. Skins and Skulls of Hylobates miilleri, Martin, ¢, and Nasalis lavvatus, (Wurmb.), @, from Sarawak (A. 27. 11. 99. 1 and 2): received in exchange (see page 16). Bosman’s Potto (Perodicticus potto, (Geoftr.)), from Cameroons ; Rippell’s Guereza (Colobus guereza, Rupp. var occidentalis, Roche), from Boma, River Congo; White-collared Mangabey (Cercocebus collaris, Gray), from Bongo, Sette Cama, West Africa; two young Mandrils (Papio maimon, (Linn.) ), from West Africa (A. 27. 11. 99. 3, 4,6 and 7); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Skull of Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius, Linn.), from Sette Cama, West Africa (A. 27. 11. 99. 5); presented by Mr. H. B. Crompton, per Mr. A. Ridyard. BoranicaL DEPARTMENT. The acquisitions in this department are as follows :—- Two twigs of Gum-tree (Eucalyptus sp.) with flower galls from N. W. Australia (E. 26. 1. 99. 1); purchased. A collection of dried Plants, comprising Flowering Plants and a few Grasses and Sedges, and also a few Ferns; taken from the Store Room, with no reference number, and now referred to Register of this year (E, 22. 2. 99. 1). a ; MUSEUMS. 29 Ten ‘‘ Broke-back Seeds ’’—fiuits (indet.) ; two groups of the fruit _ of “ Earay ’--one of the Peppers (indet.) ; four Kola nuts—seeds of Cola acuminata ?—from Sierra Leone; four Mango Seeds (Mangifera 2 gabonensis ?) from Matadi, River Congo; one dried specimen of _ “Wild Passion flower’’ (indet.) in fruit; one dried specimen of - another creeping plant (indet.) from Swedish Mission, Matadi, River 3 Congo; three fruits of the Avocado Pear (Persea gratissima) from 3 Sierra Leone (E. 28. 2. 99. 1-7); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Seven sample pieces of Woods from Batanga, W. Africa (KE. 1. 3. 99. 1-7); presented by Mr. John Newberry, per Mr. A. Ridyard. A collection of Sea-weeds from Llandudno, consisting of about 60 specimens, and representing 21 species (EK. 5. 4. 99. 1-22) :— J Polysiphonia nigrescens, Grey.; P. simulans, Harv. (?); Dasya coccinea, _ Ag.; Chylocladia articulata, Grey. ; Corallina officinalis, L. ; Delesseria 4 sinuosa, Lamour.; D. alata, Lamour.; Plocamiwm coccineum, Lyngb. ; @ Rhodymenia palmata, Grev.; R. palmata, var. sobolifera; R. ciliata, ; Grev.; Gymnogongrus plicatus, Kutz., Ceramium rubrum, Ag., Griffithsia _setacea, Ag.; Bryopsis plumosa, Ag.; Cladophora rupestris, Kiatz.; C. letevirens, Kutz.; Enteromorpha intestinalis, Link. ; Ulva latissima, L.; 4 orphyra vulgaris, Ag.; Laminaria digitata, Lamour.; Cladostephus spongiosus, Ag. ; collected and presented by Alderman J. N. Stolterfoht. 3 Sea-weeds, collected at Hilbre Island, by a member of the Staff, about 40 specimens, representing a dozen species (E. 12. 4. 99. 1-10) :-— Polysiphonia nigrescens, Grev. (with Ceramium rubrum, Ag., Ulva l tissima, L., Conferve and Diatoms attached to it) ; Ceramium rubrum, Ag. (with Diatoms attached to it) ; Cladophora letevirens, Kittz.; Enter- ; m orpha compressa, Grey.; Ulva latissima, L.; Ectocarpus siliculosus, Lyngb. ; Cladophora rupestris, Kitz. 3 One “Ground Yam ’’—tuberous root (indet) ; one Mango—fruit of Theobroma Cacao from Fernando Po ; one Melobesia polymorpha, L. from Bata, $. W. Africa (E. 15.6. 99.1&2; 16.6.99.1.; 26,6. 99.1); 30 MUSEUMS. One flowering shoot of Hound’s-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale, L.) from beyond Hinderton, Cheshire (HE. 27. 7. 99. 2); presented by Mr. Pass, Rock Ferry. Box, containing 41 specimens of Woods, named and labelled “ Growth and produce of Canada”’; slice of a Burr from Brown Oak ?; two cones of a Pine; fruit of a Gourd (Luffa sp.) from Alexandria ; fruiting branch of Palm-oil Nut Palm (Ele@is guineensis ’?) from the coast of Africa; small box of Fruits, Seeds, a Gall and a Galled Oak Leaf; fifteen lengths ofa tubular vegetable? growth, ‘‘found floating off the Cape of Good Hope”; two Fungi (indet.); eight leguminous Seeds (indet.); six Palm? Fruits (indet.); taken from the Store Room, with no reference number, and now referred to Register of this year (E. 26. 8. 99. 1-46; 4.9. 99. 1-4). One Fungus (Polyporus squamosus, Fr.) from an English Red Elm (E. 26. 9. 99. 1); presented by Mr. Wm. Swan. A number of Seeds found among marine shells from Santa Cruz and Australia (EK. 31. 12. 99. 1); presented by Mr. J. Jennings in 1898, and now referred to Register of this year. MINERALOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. The following are the acquisitions in this Department :— Specimens of Sandstone from the excavations for the underpinning at the Museums extension (F. 23. 1. 99.1; 25. 1.99.1; 7. 2. 99. 1); collected by a member of the Staff. Specimens of Coal, showing ‘Slickensides,’ and the composition and structure of Coal (F. 10. 38. 99.1): selected by a member of the staff from a load of Coal delivered at the Museums. Piece of Tale from Gaboon River, Congo Francais, S. W. Africa (F. 13. 3. 99. 1): presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Pieces of Stone from the old gable of the Museums, showing the effect of 88 years’ weathering (F. 24.3. 99.1): collected by a member of the Staff. Small Glaciated Granite Boulder, beginning to “rot,” from ‘clay,’ about 7ft. below the level of the road-way at excavations at the Fire E 7 . MUSEUME. 31 > i Salvage Yard, Hatton Garden, Liverpool (F. 15. 8. 99. 1): collected and presented by Mr. James Connely. One hundred specimens of Rocks from Italy (F. 11. 10. 99. 1 -100) : purchased. Four Minerals from t ‘sented by Mr. A. Ridyard in 1998, and now referred to Re he Congo District (F. 31 12. 99. 1-4) : pre- gister of this _ year. ~ S§pecimen of Labuan Coal (F. 31. 12. 99. 5); presented by Wr. a: MM. Wood in 1898, and now referred to Register of this year. Minerals consisting of eighteen specimens (F. 31. 1 e Nathaniel Caine. * Collection of 2. 99. 6-19) ; presented by the Trustees of the lat Toe AquaRIUM. o be one of the chief attractions of the ken in the Mud, the Walking and arious species of living Anthropoids, _ The Aquarium continues t Museum: special interest being ta the Electrical Cat Fishes andin thev which have from time to time been on exhibition. Our efforts to keep in good health and condition the various tropical successful, but the want of proper etc.) has necessitated animals, have proved very accommodation for living Mammals (Monkeys, their removal to the Zoological Gardens, London. Important donations -e been made from time to time by Messrs. of West African species hay A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer of the 8.8. ‘ Niger”: J. Smith, Cameroons; W. G. Stokes, Eloby; J. Newberry, Batanga; F. Cohn, Rio del Rey; W. Dougan, Bathurst; and others. The hatching of Rainbow Trout Ova in the small Fish hatchery ‘was again very successful, about 80 per cent. of the young Trout being reared. The following species have been exhibited alive during the year, = a those with an asterisk being alive at the date of this report :— Sea-Anemones : Fresh Water Hydre (Hydra viridis and H. fusca). Plumose Anemone (4 ctinoloba Cave-dwelling The Crass *(Tealia crassicornis) : dianthus) ; Beadlet * (Actinia mesembryanthemum) ; Anemone (Sagartia troglodytes) ; Parasitic Anemone (Sagartia para- -sitica) ; Pallid Anemone (Actinia pallida ‘) ; Star-fish (Uraster rubens) ; ‘Horse-leech * (Hemopsis vorax); Fresh-water Polyzoa (Cristatella 32. MUSEUMS. mucedo, *Plumatella repens, Lophopus crystallinus); Centipede (sp. indet.); Fresh-water Beetles (Dytiscus marginalis) ; Common Shrimp (Crangon vulgaris); Edible Crab * (Cancer pagurus); Common Shore Crab * (Carcinus menas) ; Hermit Crab * (Pagurus bernhardus) ; Spider Crab (Stenorhynchus rostratus); Prawn (Palemon serratus); *Pale- monetes varians; Pond Snail (Lymnea stagnalis) ; Fresh-water Eel * (Anguilla vulgaris) ; Loch Leven Trout * (Salmo levenensis) ; Rainbow Trout * (Salmo irideus); Gold Carp * (Carassius auratus); Three- spined Stickleback * (Gasterosteus aculeatus); Fresh-water Gudgeon (Gobio fluviatilis); Tench * (Tinca vulgaris); Rudd (Leuciscus ery- throphthalmus) ; Ruffe (Acerina vulgaris) ; Dace*(Leuciscus vulgaris) ; Roach (Leuciscus rutilus) ; Pike * (Hsox lucius) ; Perch * (Perca flucia- tilis); White Bream (Abramis blicca) ; Indian Serpent-head * (Ophio- cephalus punctatus); North American Cat-fish * (Amiurus catus) ; Central American Fresh-water Fish * (Heros facetus): Electric Cat-fish * (Malapterurus electricus); Cat-fish (Clarias anguillaris) ; African Mud-fish * (Protopterus annectens) ; Walking Fish * (Perioph- thalmus koelreuteri); the Calabar Polypterus * (Calamoichthys calabaricus) ; Young Ray (Raia sp.): Sand Launce (Ammodytes lanceo- latus): Bullhead (Cottus scorpius); Sole * (Solea vulgaris): Plaice * (Pleuronectes platessa); Lesser Weever (T'rachinus vipera); Pogge (Agonus cataphractus): Common Frog*(Rana temporaria) and tadpoles; Tadpole of the Edible Frog: Green Tree Frog (Hyla arborea) ; Natterjack Toad * (Bufo calamita): Common Toad * (Bufo vulgaris); Italian Toad * (Bufo vulgaris); Crested or Great Water Newt * (T’riton cristatus), Common or Smooth Newt * (Molge vulgaris); Spotted Salamander * (Salamdra maculosa); American Salamander (Ambly- stoma carolina): Menopoma (Cryptobranchus alleghaniensis) ; Alligator Terrapin * (Chelydra serpentina); West African Tortoise * (Testudo calcarata) ); Sternothere * (Sternotherus adansonii); Horned Viper (Bitis nasicornis); Snakes (Calopeltis monspessulana and sp. indet.): Ringed Snake (T’ropidonotus natriz); Spanish Ringed Snake (T’ropi- donotus natrix, var. astreptophorus): Egyptian Chameleon (C. basiliscus); Egyptian Skink (Scincus officinalis) ; Wall Gecko (T'arentola annularis); Gecko * (sp. indet.); Green Lizard * (Lacerta viridis); Sand Lizard (Lacerta agilis); Brazilian Lizard (Tropidurus torquatus) ; West African Crocodile * (Mecistops cataphractus): Hornbills (Ceratogymna b MUSEUMS, 33 ~ atrata): Young Landrails (Crea crer): Young West African Crested - Eagle (Lophotriorchis lucani); two young African Genet Cats (Genetta pardalis), (transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London); West African Pouched Rat (Cricetomys gambianus), (transferred to the — Zoological Gardens, London): Young Drill (Papio leucopheus), - (transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London); Bosman’s Potto _ (Perodicticus potto), (transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London) ; _ White- collared Mangabey * (Cercocebus collaris), (transferred to the ~ Zoological Gardens, London); African Mungoose ;* (sp. indet.), trans- ferred to the Zoological Gardens, London): Moustache Monkey * Ce ‘copithecus cephus), transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London) ; two young Mandrills * (Papio maimon), (transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London. SuMMARY OF ACQUISITIONS. Zoological. 1 Species... ... Numerous Specimens. RE emt tea cueta st eesti QT 18 ‘ elenterata ... bebe a 1 AE lela mile fe 100 ap Eehinoderma ... Mepyes © oj yubticearte dato | ne 250 i Ve mes ea vt «mga aed ni 119 ‘a Arthropoda ferdaiacest ry, £ohcaneeee: ah 64 ¥ opoda (‘Tracheata) 232 ,, ... ) 396 a US) eae las 15 os an teat i 22 ” 5) ae 218 i Tay eR 6 ” oO. ;, 42 ” otal. “35 932 2 BBD 155 31 < 1353 3354 zs Botanical. 149 Species... it 227 Specimens. a Geological and Mineralogical. cks and Minerals ... ve f te! 147 + Specimens. gs he aggregate number of specimens acquired by the Derby Museum luring 1899 is thus 3,728, compared with 1,633 acquired in 1898, 34 MUSEUMS. B._MAYER MUSEUM. (a) GENERAL. A large and interesting series of Ancient Egyptian Antiquities has been received from the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund. Major-General H. G. Robley, of London, generously continues on loan his rare collection of objects illustrative of the Art Work of the Maoris of New Zealand. Since its exhibition numerous visitors have specially visited the Museum to see it. It is to be hoped that some wealthy citizen may yet purchase and present this unique collection, which can never be rivalled or formed again. Again, we would record our grateful acknowledgments to Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer, ss. “ Niger,’ for his generous assistance in collecting and bringing home numerous highly interesting, and in some cases, unique objects for the West African Section of the Ethnographical Department; also, for the assistance rendered in this direction through Mr. Ridyard, by Messrs. Dr. E. J. Mettle, A. Forman, G. W. Stokes, S. Smith, E. Holder, O. Sonnenberg, Walter Beattie, H. B. Crompton, Hugh Williams, James Anderson, G. P. During, John Newberry, J. E. Gibney, J. H. Greenhalgh, F. R. C. Lutterodt, J. Hirst, and Mr. Mackay on the coast, who have been ever ready to obtain for the collection special wants; and to Messrs. Elder Dempster & Co. for so kindly continuing their permission for these objects to come freight free. The collections illustrative of the Arts and Crafts of Primitive Races, as illustrated in the Ethnographical Gallery, have continued to increase during the past year as to completely congest the space at our disposal. The West African Section has again necessitated the allotment of additional space for its better exhibition. It has been impossible to find room for the Australian and the New Guinea exhibits, removed from the east side of the gallery to provide more | vacant space for the West African collection, which continues to occupy the east side of the gallery as well as the central cases; additional space is consequently required for them, : | : MUSEUMS. B5 Ten large native-made earthenware vessels from the Ucayali River, River Amazon, were presented by Captain J. H. Good. The Assistant Curator, Mr. P. Entwistle, has been constantly em- ployed in labelling specimens, and adding to them explanatory draw- ings and photographs, which add greatly to the interest and value of the collection, as well as the preparation of the series of enlarge- ments of the Races of Mankind for the Anthropological Room, for the British Museum, and Cambridge University, as well as the illus- trations for the Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums. The enlarged photographs in the Anthropological Room now — number 128, together with 25 coloured casts taken from life, and 5 maps. | The following photographs, taken by the Assistant Curator, have _ been sent to the undermentioned investigators to assist in their _ studies, or to illustrate works on which they may be engaged :— Anglo-Saxon Key and Cross, and lithographic print of ‘ Lovelace ’ _ Clock, to Messrs. Cassell & Co., reproduced in Cassell’s Magazine ; set of prints of hafted stone implements from the South Seas, to Dr. Frobenius, Leipzig; prints of the suite of orna- ~ ments :—tiara, earrings, necklace, brooch, ring, bracelets, and waist buckle of gold, enamelled black and white, and set with “onyxes, carved in cameo with various subjects from Roman history, q by Girometti, of Rome, to M. Salomon Reinach, Paris; prints of a earved Pare, or Door Ornament, carved step of a Ko, or digging implement, carved wooden box, paddle, and double war trumpet, all from New Zealand, to A. Hamilton, Dunedin, for reproduction in his work on Maori Art. _ In the “ Journal of Anatomy and Physiology,” Vol. XXXIV., Part L., p. 228, Prof. Paterson, of University College, in conjunction with Mr. Lovegrove, contributes a paper on “ Symmetrical perforations of t] e parietal bones ; including an account of a perforated and distorted cranium from the Liverpool Museums.”’ Reference is made to the con- clusion come to by Dr. Robert Munro (““ Prehistoric Problems,” 1897), where the skull possessed by the Mayer Museum is cited as the solitary example of double trepanning known in an English skull. Professor ] aterson, however, differs from Dr. Munro, and says, in reference to 36 MUSEUMS. this view, “ There is no evidence of inflammatory change in the neighbourhood of the perforations; in short, the position and the symmetrical nature of the foramina, associated with other similar instances, one diagnosed during life and known to be congenital, along with the evidence (positive and negative) derived from an examination of the perforations themselves compel us to dismiss at once the view of their formation suggested by Dr. Munro, and to place the perforations in this cranium among those of congenital origin.” (6) Loans anp Deposits. The collection of New Zealand Ethnographical objects formed by Major-General H. G. Robley has remained on exhibition during the past year. (c) ExcHanGEs. Fifteen duplicate West Indian stone implements were sent to Dr. Gregory. The following specimens of cast metal work from Benin City have been acquired by exchange :— Plaque (24.4.99.19), representative of a chief or king standing, and holding a staff in the hand and wearing a helmet of feathers, &c. ; by his side are two attendants holding shields over him, and other figures carrying guns, &c.; Tusk-holder (24. 4. 99. 20) in form of a human head; Tusk-holder (24. 4. 99. 21), in form of a human head with cone-shaped headdress, and wearing an ornamental neck- lace; Small Figure of a Man (24. 4. 99. 22), one of a group, holding in his hands a nail and staff; part of a Cone-shaped Headdress (24. 4. 99. 25); lower part of a Casket (24. 4. 99. 24), in form of the lower jaw of an animal; all received in exchange for specimens (7. 10. 97. 4 and 6). (d) AcQvisITIoNs. (1.)—GENERAL. No specimens which can be placed under this head have been received during the year. MUSEUMS. 37 (2.\—CERAMICS. The following Wedgwood-ware Basalt Medallions of the Kings and Queens of England, whip from Astle’s portraits, were acquired by purchase (30.5. 99. 1-30) :—Henry I.; Stephen ; Henry Il.; Richard I.; John; Henry III.: Edward L., II., and Lit. ; Richard II.; Henry IV., V., and VI.; Edward TV. and V.; DP iichard III.; Henry VIII.; Edward VI.; Mary: Elizabeth ; James I.; Charles I. and II.; William III.; Mary II.; Anne; George mg A1., and ITT. ~ Model of a Cradle in slip-ware (27. 11. 99. 78); purchased. Selection of early Greek and other Pottery (27. 11. 99. 79- ); purchased. : (3.)—ErHNnoGRaAPHY. -PRE-HISTORIC :— ~ Seven Paleolithic Flint Implements (12. 1. 99. 1-7), found at Broome, Dorset; purchased. _A selection of stone, bone, and metal Implements, consisting of ax e-heads, flint knives, stone spindle-whorls, bone chisels, and bronze fish-hooks, from the Lake Dwellings at Font, near Estavager, Gneiss Celt (28. 8. 99. 26); purchased. Gy small collection of Gold Ornaments iC . 99. As6- 156), from rings, various ornaments, small rude human BL a and beads (22ct. and 7ct.); purchased. 38 MUSEUMS. Musical Instrument, ‘ Molo’ (9. 3. 99. 1); Fetish, * Sega Coodz’ (9. 3. 99. 2), Fonta, Sengal. From Sierra Leone : —Stick off the kola tree, used as a toothbrush (9. 3. 99. 3); Cushment, Bangba, and Shaco roots (9. 5. 99. 4-5); leaf and seeds of a plant used for yellow fever (9. 3. 99. 14); Sour sop seeds (27. 11. 99. 6); ‘ broke back * seeds (27. 11. 99. 7). From Liberia:—Gourd Enema (9. 3. 99. 13). From the Gold Coast:—Wooden Spoon (26. 6. 99. 1), Acera; Wicker-work Basket used for carrying loads (9. 3. 99. 6), Axim ; White Powder—a medicine—(9. 3. 99. 7), Abeokuta; Ju Ju, or house charm (9. 3. 99. 8), Abeokuta; Ju Ju, a protection against harm during sleep (9. 3. 99. 15), Abeokuta. Lagos:—Sheath for a knife (9. 3. 99. 9); Ornamental Purse (9. 3. 99. 10); Charm, ‘ edwara,’ against Lightning (26. 6. 99. 2); Fly-flap (27. 11. 99. 1); Calabash (27. 11. 99. 2); Gree gree (27. 11. 99. 3), worn by the Yorubas ; Cough Medicine (27. 11. 99. 4); Bitter Kola Nuts (27. 11. 99. 5). Benin :—Metal Head of a ‘ Beni’ (27. 11. 99. 8) wearing a conical head-dress. A very fine specimen. (See Plate.) From the Cameroons :-— Rio del Rey: —Wooden Canoe Drum (26. 6. 99. 5). Bali:—Earthenware Pipe-head (9. 3. 99. 16); Jugs, in red earthenware, with rude human figures on front (26. 6. 99. 7-8); Pipe-heads of earthenware of various forms (26. 6. 99. 9-28); Plaited Grass Bags (26. 6. 99. 29-30), Victoria; Parrot Feather Cap, * ewarz ‘ (26. 6. 99. 31); Carved Wooden Mask (26. 6. 99. 32), covered with plaits of human hair, used in the dance, Mandame; Spear (26. 6. 99. 35); Fetish (26. 6. 99. 3), Mandame; Carved Wooden Figure (26. 6. 99. 4); Ju Ju (26. 6. 99. 34), Victoria; Spear (26. 6. 99. 36), N’dola; Knife (26. 6. 99. 46), N’dola; Kroo-boys Harp (27. 11. 99. 9); Knives in Sheaths (27. 11. 99. 10-11), Bassa ; large Basket used for carrying kernels (27. 11. 99. 34), Bassa. Batanga:—War Knife in brass sheath (26. 6. 99. 6); Ebony Walking Stick (27. 11. 99. 12), Buli. From the Gaboon :—Sette Kama:—Wooden Female Figure (26. 6. 99. 37), Balemba. METAL HEAD FROM BENIN (27.11.99.8). Presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. MUSEUMS. 39 M’pongwe Country :—Native Iron Hammer (9. 3. 99. 24); War Fetish (26. 6. 99. 33); Nozzle of a Pair of Bellows (27. 11. 99. 13), made of the nest of the white ant, 7’ermes mordaz, Ingombini Creek ; Axe, iron head (27. 11. 99. 14), Muni River; Spear Head (27. 11. 99. 15); Wooden Mask, * Yarce’ (27. 11. 99. 16), worn in the dance; Brass Finger Ring (27. 11. 99. 19). From the Congo Frangais:—Fly-flap (9. 3. 99. 18); Ju Ju (9. 3. 99. 17); Hoe (9. 3. 99. 19); King’s Bell, in iron (9. 3. 99. 20), Chiacea, Mayumba ; Wooden Staff (26. 6. 99. 38), Mayumba; Baskets of Plaited Grass (26. 6. 99. 47-49), made by the Feots; Farina (26. 6. 99. 51); Wooden Figures (26. 6. 99. 52-54), Banana; Mat (27. 11. 99. 17) of ‘ tapa’ cloth, an old piece, Bata; Wooden Spoon (29. 11. 99. 18), Bata; Native Enema (27. 11. 99. 21), Bata; Pipe (27. 11. 99. 20), Tembonie, Ukaka; Spear Heads (27. 11. 99. 22-26), Tembonie, Ukaka. From the Portuguese Congo:—Fetish (9. 5. 99. 23), Lualli, Chiloango, Landana; Grass Belts for male and female, used by the Fetish priests to detect adultery (26. 6. 99. 39-40), Landana; Gourd (26. 6. 99. 41), filled with a composition, &c., and used for swearing oaths upon, Landana; War ‘Ju Ju’ (26. 6. 99. 42), Landana; Shell (26. 6. 99. 43), filled with composition, said to stick to the arm of _the wearer when anything is about to happen to them, Landana; Fetish, ‘Se keh tem beh’ (26. 6. 99. 44), from the Mayombi people, Landana; Woven Mat (27. 11. 99. 45), made by the Mayombi, Lualli River, Landana; Figure of a Woman and Child (27. 11. 99. 27), Mayeli, Landana; Fetish (27. 11. 99. 28), N’cutu, Landana; Fetish, ‘cossa mabiella’ (27. 11. 99. 29), Landana; *Yambah, used for smoking (27. 11. 99. 30), Kinsembo. From the Congo River :—Basket of Plaited Rattan (9. 3. 99. 21), ~ Mayombi; Bottle (26. 6. 99. 50), covered with wicker-work, Longa Bonda; Group of Wooden Figures, representing a native dance (26. 6. 99. 55), Kingvicar, Salongo; two Wooden Figures 3 (27. 11. 99. 31), Banana; Beans, * wando’ (27. 11. 99. 32), Boma. From the Upper Congo:—lIvory Pestle (9. 3. 99. 22), Kassongo ; Pipe-head in Brass (26. 6. 99. 56), Mayema; two Combs (26. 6. 99. 57-58), Noqui; Knife, (26. 6. 99. 59), Kassai River; 40 MUSEUMS. Arrows, with iron heads (26. 6. 99. 60), Kassai River; Pipe (27. 11. 99. 33), made of a carved gourd, Kassai River; Horn Pipe, inlaid with lead (27. 11. 99. 34), used for smoking, * )’ambah,’ Kassai River; Knife (27. 11. 99. 35), Kassai River; Beans (27. 11. 99. 56), Kassai River: Small Plaited Hat (27. 11. 99. 37), with tuft of feathers on top, worn by the young sons of the King of Kassai:; Woman's Girdle Dress (27. 11. 99. 52), Bangala; Basket (27. 11. 99. 33), Bangala. From the Ivory Coast :—Plaited Grass Bag (26. 6. 99. 61), Grand Bereby. Fernando Po.—Banni District :— Necklace (26. 6. 99. 65) made of the vertebre of a snake, worn by the Boobys, Banni; Hat (26. 6. 99. 64) of Plaited Grass, worn by the young men of the Boobys, Banni; Hat (26. 6. 99. 65) of Grass and Feathers, worn by the Boobys at Bantabury. Miscellaneous :—Photographs as follows:—Fetishes, Mboio; Cannon Fetish, Ndumi; Fetish Ceremony; Street in Matadi; Steward and Servants, Matadi; Group of Kassai Natives; Cabenda Boys; Zanzibari; Monolith on top of Hill at Musserio, S.W. Africa; Street in Fernando Po. The following specimens from the Cameroons were collected and, presented by Mr. 8. Smith, per Mr. A. Ridyard :— Two Fetish Heads (26. 6. 99. 66-67), carved in wood, and covered with human skin, used by the slaves of the Duallas in their death plays, and are supposed to be a representation of the deceased, Kounga; Cap of Parrot Feathers (27. 11. 99. 38); Arrows, in sheath (27. 11.99. 39). Collected and presented by Mr. E. Holder, per Mr. A. Ridyard :— Ivory Horn, with carved end (27. 11. 99. 40), Bali, Cameroons ; Necklace of Cowrie Shells (27. 11. 99. 41), Batanga. . Collected and presented by Dr. E. J. Mettle, Accra, per Mr. A. Ridyard :— Earthenware Bowl, * Gbe’ (27. 11. 99. 30), Gold Coast; Wooden Female Figure, ‘ Kole,’ a chief goddess, worshipped by native Fetish men and women (27. 11. 99. 36), Accra. i i i a MUSEUMS. 41 The following specimens from Landana, Portuguese Congo, were collected and presented by Mr. O. Sonnenberg, per Mr. A. _ Ridyard :— Fetish Doctor’s Outfit, ‘ Inganga’ (27. 11. 42-46), consisting of (a) Fetish figure with tall headdress and protruding stomach, inlaid with glass; (b) apron, of blue cloth, round the waistband a strip of mam- q mal skin and two tails of the tree porcupine (cercolabes prehensilts), and around the bottom a fringe of feathers; (c) mirror, let in wood - decorated with tufts of the tails of the tree porcupine and feathers, used when a person is affected with fever; (d) fever fetish, a piece of ‘wood covered with copper, to which is attached a bell, and to it various bags containing miscellaneous objects ; (e) skin bag contain- ‘ing miscellaneous objects, used for healing the sick; all from Fute, Chiloango. Wooden Fetish Figure (27. 11. 99. 47), Fute, Chiloango. Photographs of West African subjects (27. 11. 99. 48), presented by Mr. Walter Beattie, per Mr. A. Ridyard. _ Hight photographs taken at Buéa, Cameroons (27. 11. 99. 49); Pp presented by Mr. F. R. C. Lutterodt, per Mr. A. Ridyard. _ The following specimens (24. 4. 99. 1-18) were collected and pre- 8 ented by Mr. J. H. Holland, Curator, Botanical Gardens, Old ° wfractuosum), Old Calabar; Rude Wood Carving in form of four 1uman heads, attached to a cane flanged foot, Old Calabar; three Wooden Spoons, Ikpa, Old Calabar; two Musical Instruments, the r dy made from wood of the cotton tree, and the keys from the split tioles of the ‘Bamboo Palm,’ bound on with African bass, both es of Raphia, Old Calabar; Fly Whisk, made of the midribs of — he leaflets of the ‘Oil Palm’ (leis guineensis), Ikpa, Old Calabar ; two -Fish-traps, Degema; New Calabar River; Basket, made with lative rope known as ‘tie tie’ (calamus sp.); Basket, made with gra ss, and bound together with African bass (Rapheria Hookeri), Nd Calabar; Basket, made by an Iboe man in Old Calabar, with the split petioles of the ‘oil palm’ (las guineensis); Hammock, 42, MUSEUMS. made with native fibre, probably ‘bolo bolo’ fibre (4 onckenya fictfolia), Old Calabar; Mat, from Ikpa, Old Calabar; Mat, made of Pandanus leaves, Ikpa, Old Calabar; Sun Screen, made of the split petioles of the ‘bamboo palm’ (Raphia rinifera), bound together with material made from the epidermis of the young leaves of the same palm, by prisoners at Old Calabar; top of a Casket (?) in cast metal, in form of a human head, wearing a collar, crowned, Benin City. Two Spears (25. 9. 99. 174-175), with iron heads and wooden shafts, covered with hide, Mandingo; purchased. Axe (28. 8. 99. 41), iron head with finely punched design ; Gaboon, purchased. From Benin City :— Figure of a ‘ Beni’ Man (30. 5. 99. 1), wearing a long garment bound round the waist by a girdle, the body and skirt of which is decorated with various ornamental designs; on the breast is a cross, and round the neck a necklace; imperfect. Height, 233 inches; purchased. Carved Wooden Paddle (28. 8. 99. 49); purchased. South Africa:—Large Shield of Rhinoceros Hide (28. 8. 99. 42) ; two Bone Snuff Spoons (28. 8. 99. 43-44); Bone Snuff Box, Spoon and’ Comb (28. 8. 99. 45); Leather Figures of a Kaffir Man and Woman (28. 8. 99. 46-47); all purchased. Melanesia.— New Hebrides:—Carved Wooden Paddle (28. 8. 99. 49); two Fish Spears (28. 8. 99. 52-53) with long barbed bone heads, Tanna; Head of a Lance (28. 8. 99. 62), with several spines of the sting ray attached; Dance Paddle (28. 8. 99. 51); all purchased. Fiji Islands :— Club (28. 8. 99. 54), finely carved; Bowl for Kava (28. 8. 99. 56) ; purchased. Solomon Islands :— Club (28. 8. 99. 48) of Wood, carved and painted; purchased. Polynesia.—Hervey Islands :— Canoe Baler of Wood, finely carved (28. 8. 99. 57); purebased. : MUSEUMS. 48 -Mikronesia.—Kingsmill Islands :— Sharks’ Teeth Hand Club (28. 8. 99. 61): purchased. __ Miscellaneous :—Long Wooden Spear (28. 8. 99. 55), on the shaft _—near the head—are two rows of ray fish spines; purchased. - MONGOLIAN RACE. ) America.—South :— Ten Bowls (27. 11. 99. 50-59) of light coloured earthenware, used as water vessels; the outsides are coated with white clay, on which is painted conventional designs, over which is a coat of varnish ; brought from the Ucayali, River Amazon, and presented by Captain J. Good. B Sieve (28. 8. 99. 29), used for preparing cassava or manioc bread, Brazil ; two Pouches (28. 8. 99. 30-31), made of plaited rattan, with design in black, Surinan; two Netted Cotton Bags (28. 8. 99. 32-33), Brazil; Bag (28. 8. 99. 34) of Plaited Fibre, ica; all purchased. 9 North:—Hat of Plaited Fibre, with painted token designs / a lay Archipelago.—Lombock :— Kris (26. 6. 99. 80) from the natives of Western Lombok, called akkers’; Kris (26. 6. 99. 81), from the natives of Eastern 44 MUSEUMS. Nias :— The following specimens (27. 11. 99. 61-77), from the Nias Islands, — were acquired by purehase:—Wooden Idol, ‘Adu Sizraha salaru’; five Ancestoral Figures in wood; two Spears, with iron — heads and wooden shafts, ornamented with a series of rings of plaited rattan and brass; three Iron Swords, with elaborately carved wooden ~ handles and brass bound sheaths; two Wooden Shields, one covered with hide. Japan.— Four Coloured Prints by Hokusai, Kuniyashi, and Yoshitsuya (24. 4. 99. 27-30); purchased. China.— Red Leather Quiver and seven Arrows (28. 8. 99. 60), brought home by Sir Fleming Senhouse; purchased. Mexico.— Thirty-eight Water-colour Drawings of Natives of Mexico, painted — about 1850 (24. 4. 99. 26); purchased. CAUCASIAN RACE. Egypt.— A selection of Egyptian Antiquities (25. 1. 99. 2-164), from Abadiyeh; presented by the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund. Ancient Hgyptian Model of a Granary (13. 12. 99. 1), from Dér el Bahri, XI. Dynasty; presented by the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund. Selection of Ancient Egyptian Stone Implements (28. 8. 99. 63-74) from Wadi Sojoor, Eastern Desert; purchased. Italy.— Model of a Hound in painted terra-cotta (24. 4. 99. 25), intended as part of a group representative of the Nativity at Christmastide, South Italian, 18th century; purchased. MUSEUMS 45 _ Example of Hair Plaiting by Dalecarlian Peasants (9. 2. 99. 1); Riccented by Dr. J. B. Nevins. ‘Sokotra.— _ The following specimens (26. 6. 99. 82-102) were collected by the -Sokotran Expedition, 1898-1899 :—From Lahej, 8. Arabia :—Shep- _herd’s Pipes, ‘ Shubeb’ ; Wooden Key for a wooden lock ; Carved Knife in ornamental sheath of leather and brass. From Abd-el-Kuri:— Diver’s Nose Tweezer. From Sokotra:—Wooden Lock and Key; Weaving Machine, with samples of hair and spools of wool; Stone Quern, and the bag in which the quern is placed when in use; Camel Pack Bag; Small Box of ‘ Civet’ scent; eleven Bowls, Jugs and Vases of light red earthenware, painted in dark red ; Fire Stick. 3 Double- headed Drum ae 8. 99. 58) and Painted Bowl SuMMARY OF ACQUISITIONS. HENRY O. FORBES, Drrecror. PRESENTED ,o ee se ithe fet hee rr ats < hi , Ps s by: me a * —* my ~~ . a 7 i, 41g aa vit imp poverty hh wt a her a ae j xiestole aoqittebied le j cE is T sio/. ae a niftvae Wy ft ATH "i oitfsed an oonalieoee toh ae 4 LP? FORTY-EIGHTH AN NUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THIEF PUBLIC LIBR ARTES. MUSE UMS, ¢ = : (es ) ART GALLERY, hal OF ‘Tie CITY OF LIVERPOOL, : THE YEAR ENDING 3lsr December, - 1900. LIVERPOOL: CG. Tinting, anv Co., Printinc Conrracrors, 53, Vicrorra Srrber. Pre ‘al ey © 5 i elas bs % i FORTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE . OF ‘THI . PUBLIC LIBRARIES. MUSEUMS, AND ART GALLERY, OF THE CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3lst Dercemser, 1900. . LIVERPOOL: ~~ ©. Tixtrne anp Co., Printrxa Conrractors, 53, Vicrorta STREET. 1901. COMMITTEE)! AND: OFFICERS for the Year 1900-1901. THE RIGHT HONOURABLE ARTHUR CROSTHWAITE, J.P., LORD MAYOR. Committee : ALDERMAN SIR WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, J.P., CHAIRMAN. ROBERT D. HOLT, ESQ., J.P., DEPUTY CHAIRMAN. EDWIN BERRY, ESQ., LinutT.-col. A. H. BROWN, M-P., ALFRED S. COLLARD, ESQ., ALDERMAN A. COMMINS, LL.D., WILLIAM DENTON, ESQ., H. CHALONER DOWDALL, ESQ., WILLIAM EVANS, ESQ., J.P., J. HARRISON JONES, ESQ., MORRIS P. JONES, ESQ., J.P., JOHN LAWRENCE, ESQ., JOHN LEA, ESQ, ALD. M. HYSLOP MAXWELL, Jr., WILLIAM PERMEWAN, ESQ., M.D., HERBERT R. RATHBONE, ESQ., ALDERMAN J. N. STOLTERFOHT, COLONEL W. H. WALKER, M.P. Chief Librarian: PETER COWELL. Deputy- Librarian : THOMAS FORMBY. Director of Museums : HENRY O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S. Assistant Curator of Derby Museum: JOSEPH A. CLUBB, M.Sc. Assistant Curator of Raper Rusenm: Pp. ENTWISTLE. Curator of the Walker Art Gallery : CHARLES DYALL. Assistant Curator, Walker Art Gallery : ARTHUR G. QUIGLEY. nee! GENERAL REPORT. _ Ido not think I can usefully add very much to the exhaustive and interesting report of the Chief Librarian. _ Public Libraries are used by two sections of the community: those who wish to pass away a few hours in reading magazines and light literature, and those who are actuated by a desire to improve themselves, or, who are studying or making researches in literature and in science. It is very gratifying to find that there is a considerable increase in the number of serious readers, and that works on technical subjects, travel, and modern languages have been in larger request. A recent isit to many of the principal libraries in America has impressed me ’ y much with the marked difference in the attitude of the readers in the American Institutions. There, young people frequent the public me sees on all sides in America of the practical realisation of the earnest purposes of life which is carrying the American people so ally before very long shew itself in literature and art. We have nothing to learn from America in the arrangement and es of literature, and is rich in first and unique editions, while a large lumber of volumes are magnificent specimens of the bookbinder’s art. The new South Library is in course of erection, and the Committee pe before the end of the year that the proposed libraries for avertree and West Derby will also have made good progress. 4, GENERAL REPORT. Other centres for libraries have been suggested to the Committee, notably in Kirkdale, but as it costs £1,000 per annum to maintain a library and reading room, the Committee regret they are unable to proceed with the erection of additional libraries as rapidly as they would wish if they had the necessary financial resources. Work in the Museum has been greatly hindered by the alterations in connection with the new galleries. We hope to have these galleries completed in the course of a few months. The pictures in the permanent gallery have been distributed in the rooms usually occupied by the Autumn Exhibition, and for the first time the public have been enabled to appreciate the extent and beauty of this collection. It has brought into prominence the urgent need of additional gallery space, if proper justice is to be done to our art treasures. WILLIAM B. FORWOOD. CHAIRMAN. LIBRARIES. 5 LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. CuieF LipraAriIAn’s Report. _ Statistical tables as a rule are not attractive reading, and no exception is claimed for those herewith presented which shew in detail the work of the City Free Libraries during the past year. To educationists and to the thoughtful in general the reading of a eat community should prove both interesting and instructive. It will be seen from Table I that no less than 1,485,524 volumes have for home reading. In addition to this 728,128 magazines, reviews, and periodicals of all kinds have been issued. The various news- pe pers provided have been read and consulted by 612,586 persons, and the free lectures attended by 58,929. These figures compared with those of last year show a total decrease under the foregoing headings of 81,628. The volumes issued for home reading are less by 31,408, but as the Central Lending Library was closed for three we eks for structural alterations a material portion of this decrease is due to that cause. The balance of some 50,000 is in the reduced number of magazine and newspaper readers. A falling off in the number of working men attending the various Reading Rooms has n observable during the whole of the year, due no doubt to the ellent state of trade. Our Reading Rooms form a reliable cator of the condition of trade in the City, particularly at the An examination of Table II exhibits the steadily growing demand or books of a technical character, for books of travel, and for books or the study of modern languages. Taking the Reference Library 8 tl he principal exponent of what the people read, and comparing he book issues in 1900 with those in 1890, we have of technical 00 ks 41,863 against 28,450, of works of travel 20,691 against ),822, and of books for the study of modern languages 20,653 against 5 40, It may here be noted as showing perhaps a sign of the times that the issue of Latin and (treek classics last year was only 2,130 volumes, compared with 3,679 in 1889. 6 LIBRARIES. Another of the signs of the times may possibly be seen in the growing number of lady student readers who use the Picton Reading Room. In 1899 they numbered 6,910; last year this number was increased by 882, making a total of 7,792. Ten years ago no statistics were taken of the number of lady readers, but the — number then bore no comparison with that of last year. It may be mentioned that novels, illustrated papers, and the lighter kind of magazines are excluded from this room. A further study of Table IL shows a total increase of volumes issued in the Picton Reading Room of 12,619 over those of last year, while compared with ten years ago there is an increase of 55,462 volumes. : The total number of volumes in the Reference Library is 120,243: pamphlets, patents, and Parliamentary papers are not | counted as volumes except when a number of them are bound together and form a volume in the strict sense of the word. During the last few years the Patent Library has much increased in popularity and usefulness. This is due in a great measure to the — more commodious rooms in which it is housed, and the freedom and facilities given to those making investigations. Ten years ago the issue of patents only numbered 17,125. This year the number has_ increased to 31,943. The greatest improvement effected in the Library for some years has been in the heating and ventilation of the Brown Library. The obsolete and somewhat dangerous cockles have been removed, and the rooms most efficiently heated and ventilated on Key’s “Plenum” system. This alteration has enabled — the basement to be utilised for the purposes of book storage, and for providing the Staff with mess and cloak rooms. It also affords the much-needed opportunity for the re-arrangement of the books. : The Library had become so congested for want of shelf space that — efficiency of service was much diminished and impaired. Since the foundation of this Library no bequest to it can at all compare in extent, value, and importance to that of the late Mr. Hugh Frederick Hornby, of Wavertree. His gift of books, engravings, - and autograph letters of eminent personages may justly be termed princely. To attempt to describe it within the limits of this Report : ; z ; LIBRARIES. 7 would be to court failure. Almost every book, by reason of its Art binding, extra illustrations, original drawings, autograph letters, or by some characteristic removing it from the category of an ordinary edition, justifies a description of its own. It is only when the catalogue now in preparation is published that a true appreciation can be formed of this benefaction as a whole, and of the taste and culture of its generous donor. The volumes number upwards of 7,200, and the engravings and etchings exceed 5,000, many being artists’ proofs. The autograph letters are contained in some twenty boxes, and are of the greatest interest apart from their unique character and value. As early as 1852, the first year of the establishment of this Library, the collection of books, pamphlets, maps, drawings, play- bills, and documents of all kinds bearing upon and illustrating the history and progress of Liverpool, has been carried on with con- siderable zeal. The collection is now both valuable and extensive. The drawings in the Library of the Liverpool past and gone to ke way for a newer Liverpool, with wider streets and hand- er buildings, but less quaint and picturesque than those they e replaced, can be numbered by the hundred. In order to give public some idea of the interest of this collection, an exhibition held during the year in the large Reading Room of the Brown Library. This proved a revelation of the most agreeable kind, and gave unmixed pleasure to a continuously crowded room. It is posed to repeat this exhibition, and give the large number of ersons who were disappointed in seeing the last exhibition the ortunity they desire. The Lending Libraries are six in number, with a total stock of ooks available for home reading amounting to 92,497 volumes. he volumes issued for this purpose during the past year numbered n the aggregate 819,317. This number, large as it is, may easonably be increased, as many of the books are read by one or more persons other than the borrowers before they are returned to he Library. As the spread of infectious disease through the ireulation of the Library books is discussed from time to time nore or less nervously by the public, it may ke as well to state the o a * oe? 8 LIBRARIES. course pursued in order to prevent as far as possible the books becoming a means of contagion. It may be mentioned that well nigh fifty years have elapsed since the Chief Librarian issued the first book in connection with the South Branch Lending Library, and since then more than twenty millions of books have been circulated from the Libraries, and yet he is unable to mention a single authenticated case of infection traceable to this cause. Every reasonable precaution is taken, notwithstanding, to prevent the library books jeopardising the public health. The Medical Officer of Health has the authority of the Library Committee to disinfect, or absolutely destroy, any Library book or books found in a house where infectious disease exists. That this authority is not disregarded is evidenced by the fact that during the past year 13 volumes were destroyed and 178 volumes disinfected, and similar action has been taken for some years past. The number of borrowers availing themselves of the privileges of the Lending Libraries is 22,244. These may all be considered active readers, as the rule requiring guarantee forms to be renewed every two years tends to eliminate nominal readers. Guarantors have the satisfaction of knowing that their responsibility terminates after this period. To those who are desirous of knowing the social status of the majority of those who use the lending branches, Table VI will probably be found interesting. For the most part they belong to the working classes and to persons of education but of very limited means. The publication of special catalogues of books for the young enables parents and guardians to allow their boys and girls between the ages of nine and fourteen to use the Libraries with greater confidence and satisfaction than formerly. Every care is taken that the books selected for them shall be bright, healthy, and encouraging. The total number of volumes issued during the year from these special juvenile catalogues is 152,535. The books lent in type adapted for the blind are 1,159. Thanks to the generosity and kindly interest taken in the blind of Liverpool by Miss Mary L. Hornby, few public Libraries have so large and excellent a Library of books adapted to their special needs as our own. The books presented by this lady are always of a cheerful and attractive character, and caleulatel to brighten and enliven LIBRARIES. 9 many an otherwise weary hour. Lovers of music will be pleased to = that the book issues from the Lending Libraries include Bien, violin, and pianoforte. ae the selection of many of the “more recent additions to the Libraries the Committee ee had the The growth and extension of the City have greatly increased the necessity for more Libraries. The new Toxteth Library, with its ¢ ommodious Sa and General sate Room, and rooms for ladies Bent year. Both externally and internally the Library will, it is believed, give much pleasure and satisfaction to the inhabitants of the South end of the City. Plans are prepared for the erection 4 the Wavertree Branch Library and Reading Rooms, and the ginally instituted by the Committee of this Library thirty-six 's ago, continue to be highly appreciated and attract large iences. Their value as an agreeable means of imparting useful information on many scientific and other subjects to working men and young people calculated to lead up to book study on the same subjects cannot well be called in question. Four years ago they numbered only 50, and were confined in their delivery to the Picton yecture Hall, William Brown Street. Last year this number was ased to 116, and ten other halls, at varying distances from 1e Central Hall, were engaged for their delivery. 10 LIBRARIES. FD el of) Oe Shake SUMMARY OF STATISTICS. OF LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. Weekly, &c. Volumes | Magazines Newspaper Lecture issued. issued. Visitors. Attendance. Reference Library. ~ Picton READING Room: iV oltmies 1ssuedige. §. Jitite..cosdbodmscnabe tes 246,533 Magazines and Reviews .......--.:sseseenees 178,269 Brown LIBRARY: Wolumies Issuedivestc.tc5 csoas cacactcoes cases veug 110,152 Monthly and Weekly Magazines ......... 173,606 Illustrated Papers, issued in volumes (“The Graphic,” ‘* Tllustrated London News,” ‘‘ Punch,” &c.) ...... 35,949 DDIFECTOLICS or. cscccsessehledesuacsleascets sucess 91,327 Specifications of Patents for Inventions 31,943 Visitors to the Newspapers ..........:5++ 270,183 * Lending Libraries (Six). Volumes lent for Home Reading ............ 819,317 . Kenstncton Liprary ReapinGc Rooms: | ViolaMer 1SSUCM ioe; « bans wsatehiyteie s 16 10 ) — 53 Bookbinders, Printers, and Stationers...... | a7" "Gs 42 72 ali ind %.1. 608 Bookkeepers, Clerks, and Agents ............ 2,314 | 425 , 489 | 615 370) 188 4,401 Boot and Shoe Makers .......sseiesserseeeeess 10| 5 om eee 0 2) a ae SOX WAG) reaatcsicnce Seaeb ss denaeameanee eeeeee se 28 | 1 am 4; — | — | 84 Brass, Tron, and Steel Founders ............ 26 12 16} 23 1 2 80 Bricklayers, Slaterers, and Masons ......... 21 14 9 11 9 1 65 Cabinetmakers, French Polishers, &c....... 45 13 13.) 3s 1 | 1 111 Carpenters and Joimers .......s0.c0escsceeeceee 30 36 72 62 24 8 | 232 Chemists and Druggists .......:0.00.seessecsees 43 12 19 20 6 7 |. 107 Clergymen, Doctors, and Lawyers ......... 65 17 16 | 25 16 15 | 154 Coach Painters and Builders.................. (8) 9 8 1h Ble oe 43 Cooks, Waiters, and Waitresses ............ 57 2 5 51 3| 15) 188 Customs’ Officers, Police, Postmen, &.... 101 | 67 80} 129 93 | 34] 434 Domestic Servants, ....cere+ssctetenetsor-ee ers |e 4) 4 | 8} 28; — | 44 93 Dressmakers and Milliners..............es0e0 123 | 32 St ea77 8 26, 269 Engineers, Fitters, and Machinists ......... A 1 A CU 30| 28] 396 Farmers and Gardeners <.....2...0..s0sn-eeses 3 . 3 2 | 5 5 11 29 Tilin Graal ala Papp ecco es ure eonboe oo Co nncac ener a 4 3 if ai 4/ — 29 EIGINURGSIONS” crtes cctccdetecccasesteecaatets dasturs iat 11 HS al A 5 i! 59 TPONMONGOLS ....1..ceveresrsersececneroccecasvansns 6 | 4 4 | ig) 5 2) 28 WA DOUTONS, ao -capeesacasetvancsseaeceenctebeneseodes 33 63 85 19 18 | <= [ee 2lS Licensed Victuallers, Brewers, & Barmen 59 14 13 20 {i 4.) 11%, MVTUUMREST S ersaicamateiaiae eee eiciosie bre siaa'e Save Folsine saieiieelnsa 12 21 pul 16 22 99 Merchants and Brokers: <. 0.2.22. .d0tececscensse 46 8 36 22 7 17 | 136 Messengers, Office Boys, and Apprentices. 356 95} 139 96 130 26 | 842 IMIASTO UP CA CHOES. ocaccuccecetsaeccvocettatestaetncas 18 5} 6 24 L 2 545 AVINISLGISTIS> crackin cvaceacauthecex2e.mtnasttoaersdeees 30 9 | 4 50 - 4 3 ba 100 INTERES pe cnncehas swhs'esimeamnest Somen aaa ne spss cone } 32 9 il 22 13 15 92 Painters, Plumbers, and Gasfitters ......... 16 38 54 56 20 7) 188 Pattern Makers, Moulders, and Turners... 14 8 33 12 5 os Pe PO MPPOKGLS) Siscscushesetensmssceeersestnccssttate 2 12 | 9 14 4. — 41 Schoolmasters and Teachers ............0.0005 254 |. 177 43 | 256; 110; 103 | 943 Students and Scholars .......2..0..ce.seseseue 1381 | 451; 110; 222) 145 85 1,144 Shipwrights, Riggers, and Sailmakers...... 4 10 13 5 3 1 36 SSTIUUHS!) wetps sn stele sles civasie St naisicad desiree estae sales 18 21 15 14 6 | == | ie Pailors amd Drapers.........c0:ssee. sawecenecneen 138 24 23 68 8 8 | 269 Telegraphists and Typists ...........:eeecseees 98 30 44 59 12 16-259 MODHGCOMISES, «ce cs cade gam qetesisane ness aelenes ssttine 32 8 5, abe 5 = 61 Warehousemen and Storekeepers............ 132 52 46 79 14 5 | ‘328 Watchmakers, Jewellers, and Opticians ... 27 S.)> als 10 9 _ 67 IMaseGIAMEOUS, .t.c-crccctn esse sauneeeeousensovenne 296 72 74 | 75 | 220; 89 |~826 No occupation (principally females)......... 1,296 1,608 1,658 1,806 1,211 905 8,484 MNoteads Facsmawce. 6,382 3,662 | 3,473 4,459 2,561 1,707 22,244 TABLE VII-—EVENING READING ROOMS. 1900. 1899. Attendance. a Night. Attendance. | Bis Night. Chatsworth Street Board Schools .... 25,574 84 25,410 | 84 Stanley Road Board Schools ......... 41,461 137 45,134 149 Wellington Road School .............+. 12,994 43 | 14,358 | 47 : | g0029 | 964 | 984902 | 280° St LIBRARIES. ] FREE LECTURES. DELIVERED IN THE Picron LecrvurEe Har, January To Marcu. ArcHer, Ronerr 8. ‘‘ Robert Burns: his life, poems, and songs,” lantern illustrations. Lc = 4 Berstarr, Frep. H., r.rc.o., Cathedral Organist, Liverpool. * Mendelssohn: a sketch of his life and works,’ with musical illustrations. RNs, W. Murray, m.s., “ Insectivorous plants,” with lantern illustrations. vBB, JosepH A., M.sc., Assistant Curator of the Derby Museum, Liverpool. “ Flowers of the sea,” with lantern illustrations. ILLIS, Joun W., m.p., F.E.s. ‘The Black Mountains and Golden Valley: a visit to King Arthur's country,’ with lantern illustrations. RBES, Henry O., LL.p., ¥.R.G.s., Director of Museums, Liverpool. “An account of the Corporation's Expedition to Socotra,” with lantern illustrations. ‘orTAY, J. Burter. “ Rossini and Italian music,” with musical illustrations. ING, Rev. Samven, B.A, F.LS., F.G.8. “The natural history of a cob of coal,” with lantern illustrations. }RENSTED, Rey. F. F., m.a., Diocesan Inspector of Religious Education. “ When England was under ice,’ with lantern illustrations. aRRIs, Rey. Cuarves, M.a., ¥.R.G.8. “ Lake Dwellings and Lake Dwellers,” with lantern illustrations. arvey, Wittiam. ‘ With a Camera in Switzerland and Italy,” _ with lantern illustrations. WoitL, Cuartes B., a.r..n.a. ‘Yorkshire Minsters: their history, legend, and romance,” with lantern illustrations. 16 LIBRARIES. Martyn, Rev. James H., “Oxford: its colleges, men, and manners,” with lantern illustrations. MorGan, Lurwettyn, mp. “ Under St. Hilda’s Abbey; or, the rise and fall of a seaport town,” with lantern illustrations. Mostzy, S. L., Fas. “ Beneficial insects,’ with lantern illustrations. Newton, JoHn, o.r.c.s. “ Children’s ways and children’s books, past and present,” with lantern illustrations. Parrort, J. Epwarp, wa. uu.p. “The Battle of Waterloo,” with lantern illustrations. Piummer, W. E., w.., V.R.A.S., Director of the Liverpool Observatory, Bidston. ‘ The phenomena of eclipses,” with lantern illustrations. Saxpy, Freperick W. “ Minute rock-builders under the sea,” with lantern illustrations. SuaTER, Warrer. “From London to Canterbury with Chaucer's Pilgrims, in the year 1585,” with lantern illustrations. STUBBS, Caprarn Epwarp, r.N. “Curiosities of smuggling,” with lantern illustrations. NovEMBER 4ND DECEMBER. Buakenry, Captain W., p.x. “ Experiences of service in the Navy,” with lantern illustrations. Cairns, W. Murray, u.s. ‘ China and the Chinese,” with lantern illustrations. Cranace, Rev. D, H.S., wa, rs.a. “The buildings of yesterday, to-day, and to-morrow,” with lantern illustrations. Forses, Henry O., 1u.p., F.R.G.s., Director of Museums, Liverpool. * The romance of a bone,” with lantern illustrations. Gipson, R. J. Harvey, s..., F.L.S., Professor of Botany, University College, Liverpool. + Climbing plants,’ with lantern illustrations. HELE-SHaw, H. S., xip., ¥£.R.s., Professor of Kngineering, University College, Liverpool. “Travelling at high speed,” with lantern illustrations. fond LIBRARIES. 17 HivrpmMan, W. A., vsc., ¥.ns., Professor of Natural History, University College, Liverpool. ‘* Antarctic Exploration,” with 7” lantern illustrations. Lampert, Frepericx. ‘The crystal caves of Australia,” with lantern illustrations. _Meaxty, Buperrr. “Life in Persia,’ with lantern illustrations. Meany, Bupcerr. '“ A trip up the Yang-tse Kiang, China,” with lantern illustrations. - Mostey, 8S. L., v.xs. “ Ants and their strange ways,” with lantern illustrations. IcHoLas, Rev. T. F., m.a., r.r.c.s. “‘ Alaska and the Klondyke Goldfields,” with lantern illustrations. ‘Srracwan, Carrain D., z.s.0. “The British Army; or, experiences of a military career,” with lantern illustrations. Wray, W. Firzwarer. ‘Old English Inns and their story,” with lantern illustrations. DELIVERED IN OvTER Districts, JanuARY TO Marcu, 1900. Bretmont Hartzt, Betmontr Roapv, West Dery : — “Rossini and Italian music,” by J. Burrer Forray; with musical illustrations. “When England was under ice,” by Rev. F. F. GrensteEp, m.A., Diocesan Inspector of Religious Education; with . lantern illustrations. _ “The rivers and broads of Norfolk and Suffolk,” by Rev. James ’ H. Martyn; with lantern illustrations. _ “Tnsects: their tools and weapons,” by F. W. Saxsy; with ; lantern illustrations. pE Hatt, BurLincTon STREET : — F.R.u.s., Chief Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liver- pool; with lantern illustrations. 18 LIBRARIES. “Handel: the man and the musician,” by J. Butter Foray; with musical illustrations. “Trish verse and Irish story,’ by Joun Ler, B.a.; with illustrative recitals. Everton Brancu Liprary, St. Domingo Roan :— “Sherwood Forest, the land of Robin Hood, and its associa- tions,’ by J. Porrer Briscor, ¥.R.H.s.; with lantern illustrations. “Central Africans at home,” by Prrer Enrwistir, Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. “In the Shakespeare Country,” by Rev. James H. Marryn; with lantern illustrations. “The Battle of Waterloo,” by J. Epwarp PaRRort, M.A., LL.D. ; with lantern illustrations. Locxersy Hatt, Lockrersy Roap, FArRFrreLp : — “Voyages in Cloudland,’ by Rev. Jonny M. Bacon, M.a., F.R.A.S.; with lantern illustrations. “With a camera in Switzerland and Italy,” by Wutziam Harvey; with lantern illustrations. ‘Yorkshire Minsters: their history, legend, and romance,’ by Cuarves B. Hownitt, A.8.1.B.A.; with lantern illustrations. “ Beneficial insects,” by S. L. Mostry, F.z.s.; with lantern illustrations. Gransy Hatt, Granpy STREET, ToxTETH : — “Plymouth to the Lizard lights: sketches in Cornwall,” by Apotepu W. Breer; with lantern illustrations. “Lake Dwellings and Lake Dwellers,’ by Rev. CHARLEs Harris, M.A., F.R.G.S.; with lantern illustrations. “The Rivers and Broads of Norfolk and Suffolk,” by Rev. James H, Marryn; with lantern illustrations, LIBRARIES. 19 “Big Telescopes, and what they show us,” by W. E. Prummer, M.A., F.R.AS., Director of the Liverpool Observatory, Bidston ; with lantern illustrations. Greeson Memortiat Instrrurr, GArmMoyte Roan, Srrron Park :— “Road Locomotion,” by H. S. Herir-SHaw, LL.D., F.R.S., Professor of Hngineering, University College, Liverpool ; with lantern illustrations. “Natural History of the mouth of the Mersey,’ by W. A. HERDMAN, D.sc., F.R.S., Professor of Natural History, University College, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. b) “Through East Anglia with a Camera,’ MoreGan, m.p.; with lantern illustrations. by LLEwELLyn “Four years at an Indian Court,” by J. Ernest NEVINS, M.£. ; with lantern illustrations. I meEstic Misston Hatt, Minn Street, Tox rrerH : — 4a “A scamper round Ireland,” by Ronerr S. ArcHER; with lantern illustrations. “My visit to Naples, Pompeii, and Vesuvius,’ by PrTEeR CoweE tt, F.R.H.s., Chief Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. 3 “With a camera in Switzerland and Italy,” by Wiriias Harvey; with lantern illustrations. “Tnsects: their tools and weapons,’ by Erepericx W. Saxsy ; with lantern illustrations. 0 VN Hai, WAvVERTREE : — “The Grand Cation of the Colorado: an example of earth sculpture,” by W. Hewirr, 8.se., Director of Technical Instruction, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. “The Battle of Waterloo,” by J. Epwarp Parrort, M.A., LL.D. ; with lantern illustrations. aN trip to Chester, including Eaton Hall and Hawarden Castle,” by G. Warmoven Wester, F.c.s.; with lantern . illustrations, : 20 LIBRARIES. OcroBER TO Decemprr, 1900. | JUBILEE Hatt, BURLINGTON STREET : — : ’ “Through Wales with a camera,” by Ropert S. ARcHER; with lantern illustrations. “The magic carpet: the natural history and philosophy of the world’s rivers,” by E. Roreavitr Drsprn; with lantern illustrations. “The Avon and Shakespeare country,” by Joun W. Extis, ™.B., F.E.S.; with lantern illustrations. ‘Jamaica, the Isle of Springs,’ by Taro. H. WarpLEworTH, F.L.S.; with lantern illustrations. Drerny Hari, TurBRook : — ‘Experiences of service in the Navy,” by Caprain W. BLAKENEY, R.N.: with lantern illustrations. “Music and musicians,’ by Mme. Fiorence Fuiton; with musical illustrations. “The age of the Vikings,’ by Rev. CHartes Harris, ™.a.; with lantern illustrations. “Old English Inns and their story,” by W. Firzwater Wray; with lantern illustrations. Everton Brancu Lisrary, St. Domingo Roap:— * Romance and reality at sea,” by Frank T. BULLEN, F.R.G:S. ; with lantern illustrations. “ Hlectrie tramways and railways,” by ALFRED Hay, B.s¢., Lecturer on Electrotechnics, University College, Liver- pool; with lantern illustrations and experiments. “The crystal caves of Australia,’ by FrRepERIcK LAMBERT; with lantern illustrations. ‘* Ants and their strange ways,’ by S. L. Mostey, F.5.s.; with lantern illustrations. LIBRARIES. 21 Gorpon Instirerr, StTantEY Roap:— “Rossini and Italian music,” by J. Butter Forray: with musical illustrations. “When England was under ice,” by Rev. F. F. Grensrep, M.A., Diocesan Inspector of Religious Education; with lantern illustrations. “Modern short stories and short story writers,’ by Joun LEE, B.A.; with illustrative recitals. “Indian famines,” by J. Ernest Nevins, m.z.; with lantern illustrations. GRANBY Hatt, GRansy STREET, ToxTETH : — “Rossini and Italian music,” by J. Burner Forray; with ‘ musical illustrations. “Life in Persia,” by Bupcrrr Meakin; with lantern illustrations. “Indian famines,” by J. Ernest Nevins, M.B.; with lantern illustrations. “Alaska and the Klondyke Goldfields,’ by Rev. T. F. NicHOLAs, M.A., F.R.G.S.; with lantern illustrations. REGSON Memoriay Instirure, GarmoyLte Roap, SEFToN Park :— “Experiences of service in the Navy,” by Caprais W. _ BLaKENEy, R.N.; with lantern illustrations. “What books were like in ancient times,” by Henry E. Curran, Principal Assistant, Free Public Library, Liver- pool; with lantern illustrations. “The first crossing of Lang Jokull: adventure and discovery on and around a great glacier of Iceland,” by FreprRick W. W. Howe t, r.r.c.s.; with lantern illustrations. ae 22 LIBRARIES, Hariecu StreEET Hartt, Waxrron : — “China and the Chinese,” by W. Murray Cairns, M.p.; with lantern illustrations. “A tour of the Great Ouse, with glimpses of Fenland,” by — Joun W. Euts, M.b., F.e.s.; with lantern illustrations. | The first crossing of Lang Jékull: adventure and discovery on and around a great glacier of Iceland,” by FRepERicKk — W. W. Howe t, v.r.G.s.; with lantern illustrations. : ‘* Mendelssohn in Liverpool, Chester, and North Wales,” by Rev. H. H. McCuniacnu, b.a.; with musical illustrations. Kensincron Branca Liprary :— “Through Scotland with Sir Walter Scott,” by Roperr S$. ArcHER; with lantern illustrations. “China and the Chinese,” by W. Murray Catrns, m.B.; with lantern illustrations. “The growth of a mountain,’ by Rev. F. F. Grensrep, M.a., Diocesan Inspector of Religious Nducation; with lantern illustrations. “The crystal caves of Australia,’ by FRepERick Lampert; with lantern illustrations. Fiorence Iysrirutr, Mitt Street, Toxrera : -— oe China and the Chinese,” by W. Murray Cairns, M.B.; with lantern illustrations. “The Liverpool of our Grandfathers, as seen through prints and documents in our Public Library,” by Prurer Cows 1, F.k.H.S., Chief Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liver- pool; with lantern illustrations. * Mendelssohn in Liverpool, Chester, and North Wales,” by Rev. H. H. McCutiacu, b.a.; with musical illustrations. “From Cornwall to Canterbury: a modern pilgrimage,” by Liurwerttyn Moraan, M.p.; with lantern illustrations. LIBRARIES. 28 Town Hatt, WAVERTREE : — “Sea Anemones, Zoophytes, and Corals,” by Josepn A. Crus, m.se., Assistant Curator of the Derby Museum, Liverpool ; with lantern illustrations. “Lake Dwellings and Lake Dwellers,’ by Rey, CHARLES Harris, M.A.; with lantern illustrations. “\ trip up the Yang-tse-Kiang, China,” by Bupgerr Mzaxty; with lantern illustrations. “Dife and Works of Gounod,’ by A. BH. Workman; with musical illustrations. DONATIONS. British Musrum TRvustTEEs : — The Book of the dead: facsimilies of the papyri of Hunefer, Anhai, Kerasher, and Nethemet, with supplementary text from the papyrus of Nu, with transcripts, translations, &c., by E. A. Wallis Budge; Catalogue of the cuneiform tablets in the Kouyunjik collection, by C. Bezold, vol. 5; Catalogue of drawings of British artists and artists of foreign origin working in Great Britain, by Laurence Binyon, vol. 2; Catalogue of the fossil bryozoa, vol. -1: Cretaceous bryozoa, by J. W. Gregory; Catalogue of the Hindi, Panjabi, and Hindustani manuscripts, by J. F. Blumhardt ; Catalogue of the Lepidoptera phalen, by Sir G. Hampson, Bart., vol. 2, * Text and plates ; Catalogue of printed books, 17 vols.; Hand- ook of the coins of Great Britain and Ireland, by H. A. Grueber; Catalogue of seals in the department of manu- ; scripts, by W. de Birch, vol. 6; Fac-similes of royal, historical, literary, and other autographs, ser. 9; Illus- trations of the botany of Captain Cook’s voyage round the world in H.M.S. Endeavour in 1768-78, by the Rt. Hon. Sir _ J. Banks, Bart., and Dr. Daniel Solander, part 1; Index to the charters and rolls in the department of manuscripts, by HH. J. Ellis and F. B. Bickley, vol. 1: Monograph of Christmas Island; Rules for compiling the catalogues. 24 LIBRARIES. ALDERMAN H. CAMPBELL, J.P. : — Six autograph letters: Lord Ashley (afterwards 7th Earl of Shaftesbury), Lord Palmerston, the Duke of Sutherland, Earl of Clarendon, and Right Hon. A. J. Balfour, M.P. Puitie H. Hort, Esa. : — Egypt Exploration Fund: The royal tombs of the first dynasty, by W. M. Flinders Petrie. Miss Hornsy : — Santa Lucia: a monthly magazine in Braille type (12 parts). Miss M. L. Horny : — Books for the blind in Braille type (35 vols.). Ricuarp Hornsy, sa. :— Gore’s Liverpool directories, 15 vols. (1862-98): and 5 other directories. M. te Duc pvE LousatT: — Das Tonalamatl der Aubin’schen Sammlung: eine altmexi- kanische Bilderhandschrift der Bibliothéque Nationale in Paris (Manuscrits Mexicains ur 18-19). Auf Kosten Seiner Excellenz des Herzogs von Loubat herausgegeben, mit einleitung und erlauterungen von Dr. Eduard Seler, Berlin, 1890; Il manoscritto Messicano Vaticano 3738 detto il codice rios riprodotto in fotocromografia a spese di sua eccellenza il duca de Loubat per cura delli Biblioteca Vaticana, Rome, 1900. R. W. RancuirFe-SmituH, Esa. : — Gore's Liverpool directory, various dates from 1859-82. 15 vols. Messrs. C. E. anp C. STRETTON, C.E.: — Various books, pamphlets, magazines, and newspaper cuttings relating to railways and tramways, with special reference to early local railways. LIBRARIES. 25 Turner a Ruskin: an exposition of the works of ‘Turner from the writings of Ruskin, edited with a biographical note on Turner, by Frederick Wedmore. Edition de luxe, with duplicate plates, 3 vols., 1900. Royat IrtsH ACADEMY : — Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, various sections from vols. 26-31. Unirep States GovERNMENT : — Annual report of the Secretary of the Interior, 1885-1895, 30 vols.; Report of the United States geological survey of the territories, vols. 8 and 13; Report of the Superintendent of the United States coast and geodetic survey, 1897-8: and 186 other works. -C. D. WHetTHAM : —. Fac-simile of the manuscript of Milton’s Minor poems pre- served in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge. Cambridge, 1900. ther Books and Pamphlets, Reports, &c., have been received from the following donors, for which the Committee again beg to express their grateful acknowledgments : — Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, U.S.A.; American Museum of _ Natural History, New York, U.S.A.; Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, Mass., U.S.A.; Messrs. Anderson, Anderson & Co.; Abel Andrew; _ R.S. Archer, ¥.s.a.; Architects’ Benevolent Society; Argentine Republic ‘ Consul, Liverpool (F. P. Hansen); " Astronomical Society of Wales; Australian Museum, Sydney, N.S.W.; The Publishers of Bagparpakements _ Pamphiets ; James Baker; Edwin S. Balch, a.8., F.R.g.s.; Thomas W. _ Baich; Colonial Secretary for Barbados (Ralph C. Williams) ; Francis T. ay SRarrett:; Barrow Naturalists’ Field Club; Rev. W. E. Barton, p.p.; Messrs. ; Bennett & Co.; Berlin Municipal Corporation; Joseph Bibby; Medical Officer of Health, Birkenhead (R. Sydney Marsden, p.sc., m.B.); Birkenhead _ Literary and Scientific Society; Birmingham University; Board of Trade, _ London ; Léon Bollack; Thomas G. Bowles, u.p.; Messrs. Robert Boyle and Sons; Messrs. Bradbury, Agnew & Co.; The Proprietors, Bradshaw's Liver- pool Railway Guide; Anne, Comtesse de Bremont; British and Foreign LIBRARIES. Bible Society; British Association for the Advancement of Science; Agent- General for British Columbia, London (W. Walter); British Order of Ancient Free Gardeners, Liverpool; R. Paton Brown; J. Brownbill; T. N. Brushfield, M.D., F.s.A.; National Museum, Buenos Aires; Councillor T. Burke; Burma Government; Messrs. Byrne & Co.; California University, Berkeley, U.S.A. ; Syndics of the Cambridge University Press; Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada; Canadian Government; Canadian Government Agency, Liverpool (H. Mitchell); Richard Caton, m.p., F.R.c.p.; The Governor of Ceylon (Right Hon. Sir G. F. Ridgeway, kK.c.B., K.c.s.1.); Cheshire Lines Railway Committee; Medical Officer of Health for the County Palatine of Chester (Francis Vacher, m.p.); Chicago Board of Trade, U.S.A.; Chicago University, U.S.A.; Church Missionary Society for Africa and the East; Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce, U.S.A.; Cobden Club; College of Pre- ceptors, London; Colombo Museum, Ceylon; Compendium Publishing Co.; Lady Cook; Messrs. Thomas Cook & Son; Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York, U.S.A.; Co-operative Union, Manchester; Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A.; F. W. Coulter; Peter Cowell, F.R.H.S. (Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liverpool); Messrs. Crane, Crane and Co.; P. Cudmore, b.u.; J. W. Cundall; Messrs. Donald Currie & Co.; Denver Chamber of Commerce, Col., U.S.A.; Dr. J. P. Doyle; Dublin University; Sir G. F. Duckett, Bart.; Durham University; The Principal, Edge Hill Training College; Edinburgh University; John Passmore Edwards; Admiral Sir George Elliot, x.c.p.; Emigrants’ Information Office, London; * Endermus”; Peter Entwistle (Assistant Curator, Mayer Museum, Liverpool); Fabian Society; Fairmount Park Art Association, Philadelphia, U.S.A.; F. W. Barnard Faraday, uu.s.; F. J. Faraday; Financial Reform Association, Liverpool; Arthur Fisher; M. Fitzpatrick; Fleetwood Urban District Council; T. Formby (Deputy Librarian, Liverpool Free Libraries); Free and Open Church Association for the Diocese of Chester and Liverpool ; Harper Gaythorpe; General Society for Mechanics and Tradesmen of New York, U.S.A.; A. George; Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical College ; Glasgow Atheneum ; William Gow; Great Central Railway Co.;Great Eastern Railway Co.;Great Northern Railway Co.;Great Western Railway Co. ; James Green; Messrs. Greenberg & Co.; Messrs. Guy & Co.; H. Hagerup; J. W. C. Haldane, c.z.; W. T. Harris; Harvard University College, Camb., Mass., U.S.A.; Thomas W. Harvey, m.p.; Hastings Meteorological Council; Prof. W. A. Herdman, p.sc., F.R.s.; Highland Railway Co.; C. B. Holinsworth ; Howard Association; Hull, Barnsley and West Riding Junction Railway and Dock Co.; Incorporated Society of Musicians, London; Secretary of State in Council for India (Right Hon. Lord G. F. Hamilton, u.v.); Institute of Actuaries and the Faculty of Actuaries; Institution of Civil Engineers; Institution of Mechanical Engineers; Ipswich Historical Society, Mass., U.S.A.; Johns Hopkins University. Baltimore, U.S.A.; R. H. Johns; George Johnson; Messrs. J. B. Jowett & Co.; W. P. Kelly; James Kidman, M.A.; F. Kirby; Rev. W. S. Lach-Szyrma, m.a.; Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society; Union of Lancashire and Cheshire Institutes; Lan- eashire and Yorkshire Railway Co.; Lancashire County Council (Director of LIBRARIES. 27 Technical Instruction); Lancashire Sea Fisheries Laboratory ; Medical Officer of Health for the County Palatine of Lancaster (Edward Sergeant, m.p.); James S. Laurie; Messrs. C. & E. Layton; Leicester Literary and Philo- sophical Society; Leigh Brown Trust; Messrs. John Leng & Co. Library Reports, &c., have been received from the following Libraries :—Aberdeen. Acton. Carnegie, Allegheny, Pa., U.S.A. Arbroath. Ashton-under-Lync. Aston Manor, Birmingham. Auckland, New Zealand. Baillie’s Institution, Glasgow. Enoch Pratt, Baltimore, U.S.A. Barrow-in-Furness. Battersea. Birmingham Free Public Libraries. Birmingham Library. Bishopgate Foundation, London. Blackburn. Blackpool. Bodleian, Oxford. Bolton. Bootle. Boston, U.S.A. Bradford. Bridgeport, Conn., U.S.A. Bristol. Brookline, Mass., U.S.A. Brooklyn, N.Y., U.S.A. Cardiff. Carlisle. Chelsea. Cheltenham. John Crerar, Chicago, U.S.A. Newberry, Chicago, U.S.A. Chorley. Cincinnati, U.S.A. Clerkenwell. Columbia Library, Washington, U.S.A. Derby. Doncaster. Ealing. Falmouth. Roths- child, Frankfurt-am-Maine. Fletcher, Burlington, U.S.A. Fulham. Friends’, Germantown, Phil., U.S.A. Gloucester. Gosport and Alverstoke. Great Yarmouth. Grosvenor, Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. Hammersmith. Har- vard University, Camb., U.S.A. Leyland, Hindley. Holyhead. Hornsey. Hove. Hyde. Jersey City, N.J., U.S.A. Kettering. Kilburn. Royal Leamington Spa. Leeds. Leicester. Lincoln. Longton. Los Angelos, Cal., U.S.A. Manchester. John Ryland, Manchester. Middlesborough. Milwaukee, U.S.A. Newark, N.J., U.S.A. Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Howard Memorial, New Orleans, U.S.A. Newton, Mass., U.S.A. New York Mercan- tile, U.S.A. New York Public Library, U.S.A. Norwich. Nottingham. Paterson, N.J., U.S.A. Peabody, Baltimore, U.S.A. Penge. Peoria, IIl., U.S.A. Philadelphia, U.S.A. Philadelphia Mercantile, U.S.A. Carnegie, Pittsburg, U.S.A. Plymouth. Poole. Portsmouth. Preston. Reynolds, % _ Rochester, N.Y., U.S.A. Richmond. Rotherhithe. St. George, London. St. Giles, London. St. Helens. St. Louis, U.S.A. Salem, Mass., U.S.A. Salford. Sheffield. Shoreditch. Smethwick. Southampton. South _ Australia. Southwark. Stafford. Stirling and Glasgow. Streatham. Sunderland. Tokyo, Japan. Toronto, Canada. Tottenham. Tynemouth. Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. Walthamstow. Washington Library of Congress, U.S.A. Waterloo. Wednesbury. West Bromwich. West Ham. _ Westminster. Widnes. Wigan. Willesden. Wolverhampton. Worcester, Mass., U.S.A. York; Liverpool Institutions and Societies Reports, &c.. have been received from the following :—Amateur Photographic Association. Architectural Society. Asylum for Orphan Boys. Auxiliary Bible Society. Auxiliary to the Army Scripture Readers’ and Soldiers’ Friend Society. Biological Society. Blue Coat Hospital. Boys’ Brigade. Catholic Children’s Protection Society. Central Relief and Charity Organisation _ Society. Certified Industrial School. Chemists’ Association, Church Mis- _ sionary Society. Church of England Scripture Readers’ Society. City Mission. Clerks’ Association. Council of Education. Diocesan Institu- _ tions. _ District Provident Society. Engineering Society. Evangelization Society. Eye and Ear Infirmary. Female Orphan Asylum. Female Peni- LIBRARIES. tentiary. Geographical Society. Hahnemann Hospital. Holy Trinity Ragged School. Home for the Reception and Recovery of Fallen Women. Hospital for Cancer and Skin Disease. Hospital Sunday and Saturday Fund. Incorporated Chamber of Commerce. Infirmary for Children. Juvenile Reformatory Association. Kirkdale Voluntary Industrial (Day) Ragged School. Literary and Philosophical Society. Liverpool Institute. Mersey Mission to Seamen. Microscopical Society. Peace Society. Penny Savings Bank. Penny Savings Bank Association. Philharmonic Society. Philo- matic Society. Royal Infirmary. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Royal Southern Hospital. Ruskin Society. Sailors’ Home. Savings Bank. School Board. School of Science, Technology and Art. Seamen’s Friend Society. Seamen's Orphan Institution. Self-help Emigration Society. Shipwreck and Humane Society. Society of Friends of Foreigners in Distress. Strangers’ Rest. Sunday Society. Temporary Home for Lost and Starving Dogs. Training School and Home for Nurses. Training School of Cookery. Training Ship “Indefatigable.” United Gas Light Co., Workshops for Out-door Blind. Young Men’s Christian Association. Young Women’s Christian Association. Liverpool Catholic Publishing Co.; Liverpool Medical Institute; Liverpool Medical Officer of Health (E. W. Hope, u.p., p.sc.), Annual Reports; Liver- pool University; Rev. Walter Lloyd; London and North-Western Railway Co.; Lessee, Lyric Theatre, Liverpool. Messrs. Macdonald & Co.; J. H. McGovern, ¥.u.A.s.; Messrs. Macmillan & Co.; Manchester Geological Society; Manchester Microscopical Society; Manchester Museum, Owens College; Manchester Statistical Society; Historical and Scientific Society of Manitoba, Canada; F. P. Marrat; Mercantile Marine Service Association, Liverpool; Mersey Conservancy; Mersey Docks and Harbour Board; Meteorological Council, London; L. B. Meunier; Midland Railway Co.; University of Minnesota, U.S.A. (Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota); Messrs. T. Moody & Co.; E. Moore; Vice-Admiral Sir G. S. Nares, K.C.B., F.R.S.; National Academy of Sciences, Washington, U.S.A.; National Association for the Promotion of Technical and Secondary Educa- tion; National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children; National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies; J. Birkbeck Nevins, m.p.; Agent- General for New Brunswick, London; New Church College, London; Pro- prietors, New Empire Theatre, Liverpool; Proprietors, New Grand Opera House, Liverpool; Agent-General for New South Wales, London (Sir Julian Salomons, Knt.); New South Wales Government; New South Wales Govern- ment Board of International Exchanges, Sydney; Agent-General for New Zealand, London (W. P. Reeves); University of the State of New York. U.S.A.; Nicholson Institute, Leek; North British Railway Co. ; North-Eastern Railway Co.; Ministére des cultes et de |’ instruction publique, Kristiania, | Norway; Norwegian Government; Norwegischen Meteorologischen Institut ; Ontario Government Agency, Liverpool (Peter Bryne, Agent); Owens College, Manchester; Stephen Paget; J. E. Parrott, M.A., LL.D.; Comptroller of Patents, London; Registrar of Patents, Queensland; Registrar of Patents, Victoria; Registrar of Patents, Western Australia; W. E. LIBRARIES. 29 Peck: Henry Peet, r.s.a.; Messrs. Phillipson & Golder; Lieut.-Col. John Pilkington, r.s.a.; W. E. Plummer, m.A., F.R.A.8. (Director, Bidston Obser- vatory); Postal Telegraph Clerks’ Association; Proprietors, Prince of Wales Theatre, Liverpool; Queen’s College, Birmingham; Queen’s College, London; Agent-General for Queensland, London (Sir Horace Tozer, x.c.m.c.); Ragged School Union, London; T. Mellard Reade, F.c.s., F.R.1.B.A.; Religious Tract Society; Miss Robinson; Miss Emily Robertson; J. W. Root; Rotunda Theatre Co., Liverpool; Royal Astronomical Society, London; Royal College of Physicians, London; Royal College of Surgeons, London; Royal Colonial Institute; Royal Commission, Paris Exhibition; Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society ; Proprietors, Royal Court Theatre, Liverpool; Royal Dublin Society ; Royal Institute of British Architects; Royal National Lifeboat Institution ; Royal Observatory, Greenwich; Royal Society of Canada; Royal Society of London; Royal University of Ireland; Ruskin Museum, Sheffield ; R. Sadler ; St. Bride Foundation Institute, London; Saint John Board of Trade, Canada ; St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London; John Sampson; F. F. Schnitger; Ernst Schultze; Henry Sell; Shakespeare Theatre Co., Liverpool ; Registrar-General of Shipping and Seamen, London; Rev. W. Sidgreaves, S.J., F.R.A.S.; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A.; James Simpson, jn.; Dr. Charles E. Slocum; Society of Accountants and Auditors; Society of Antiquaries of London; Society of Antiquaries of Scotland;Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; South-Eastern and Chatham Railway Co.; Southport Meteorological Observatory ; H.M. Stationery Office, London; Alderman J. N. Stolterfoht; Messrs. Stubbs and Co.; Sutcliffe Ventilating and Drying Co.; Swedenborg Society; Sydney University; Col- lege of Science, Imperial University, Japan; Town and County Directories, Limited; Trades Directories, Limited; Trinity College, London; G. Tutill; _ University Correspondence College; Francis Vacher, F.R.C.S., M.R.C.P.; J. W. Vicars; Agent-General for Victoria (Lieut.-General Sir Andrew Clare, _ +R.E., G.C.M.@.); Victoria Public Library, Australia; Victoria University, Manchester; Volta Bureau, Washington, U.S.A.; Rev. Charles Voysey, B.A. ; Union Steamship Co.; University College of North Wales; University Col- lege of Wales; W. W. Watts; Agent-General for Western Australia (Sir Edward H. Wittenoom, x.c.m.c.); G. Whittick; Messrs. Whittaker & Co.; George Whyte; Messrs. Wilmer Brothers & Co.; Wirral Railway Co.; Wisconsin Natural History Society, Milwaukee, U.S.A.; Butler Wood; Working Men’s Lord’s Day Association; W. H. K. Wright; Zoological Society of London. 80 LIBRARIBS. The following Periodicals, Newspapers, &c. have been presented regularly by the respective Publishe Accountant African Review Anglo-Russian Animals’ Friend Arms and Explosives Awake Bibby’s Quarterly Bible Advocate Board of Trade Journal British Temperance Advocate Builders’ Reporter Canadian Gazette Canadian Patent Office Record Cape Argus Chemical Trade Journal Child’s Guardiah Church Family Newspaper Church Missionary Gleaner Church Missionary Intelligencer Church Monthly Church Weekly Civil Service Aspirant Civil Service Competitor Civil Service Hints Coming City Concord Cowkeeper and Dairyman’s Journal Crescent Deliverer Educational Times Educational Review Electrical Engineer Electrician English Churchman Englishwoman’s Review Esmeduna Estates Gazette Financial Reformer Fire and Water Foresters’ Miscellany Free Life Fruit-grower, Fruiterer, Florist, &c. Gaelic Journal Grocers’ Review Guild Gazette Gwalia Herald of Peace Herald of the Golden Age Hereford Times Homeopathic World Horological Journal Incorporated Accountants’ Journal Incorporated Society of Musicians, Journal of In His Name India’s Women and China’s Daughters Inventors’ Review Insurance Agent & Insurance Review Trish Times Tron and Coal Trades Review rs, &c. : — Iron and Steel Trades Journal Isle-of-Man Examiner Journal of the Clerk of Works’ Association = Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Keefe’s Civil Service Monthly Labour Gazette Leaves of Healing Liberty Review Lichfield Mercury Light Literary News Liverpool Catholic Times Liverpool College Old Boys’ Magazine Liverpool College Upper School Magazine Liverpool Courier (daily and weekly) Liverpool Echo Liverpool Express Liverpool Institute Schools Magazine Liverpool Journal of Commerce Liverpool Mercury (daily and weekly) Liverpool Porcupine Liverpool Post (daily and weekly) Liverpoo] Review Liverpool Y.M.C.A. Journal Local Government Chronicle Local Government Journal London Argus London Scotsman London Tailor Machinery Market Madame Mariner Midland News Milling Mission Field Mona’s Herald Musical Herald Nature Notes New Century New Church Magazine New Ireland New Ireland Review Nonconformist Musical Monthly Northampton Mercury Oddfellows’ Magazine Official Journal of the Patent Office Oil World Oxford Chronicle Paper Maker Paper Makers’ Circular Patents Philatelic Chronicle Petroleum Review Personal Rights Journal Poor-Law Officers’ Journal Positivist Review Present Truth Railway Review Ramsey Courier sey Weekly News ports of Patents, Design, and Trade nin anley Gibbons Monthly Journal LIBRARIES. 31 State Correspondent Stationer, Printer, and Fancy Trades Register Stationery World Stonyhurst Magazine Student’s Journal Temperance Chronicle Tool and Machinery Register Trade Journals’ Review Trade Marks Journal Travel Two Worlds University Correspondent Vaccination Inquirer Vegetarian Vegetarian Messenger Western Daily Press Worcestershire Herald Zoophilist PETER COWELL, LipRaRIANn. MUSEUMS. 33 THE MUSEUMS. - The Director of Museums furnishes the Forty-Highth Annual Report upon the conpvcr and proaress of the Museums. I.—GENERAL. a Tue Free Pusric Museums comprise : — _ (A) the Derny Museum, of which the nucleus was the collections bequeathed in 1851 to the City, by the Thirteenth Karl of Derby. It ‘contains the British Collections, and the general Zoological, Geological, M ineralogical, and Botanical Departments, besides which there is an Aquarium, containing both Fresh and Salt Water Animals. (B) the Mayer Mvsrum, the larger part of which was collected and presented to the Corporation in 1867, by Joseph Mayer, Ksq., aa These collections are specially rich in (a) Hgyptian, Be bylonian, and Assyrian Antiquities : (b) Medieval European Ivories, Bronzes and Illuminated Manuscripts; (c) the unrivalled Brian- Faussett Anglo-Saxon Collection ; (d) the Mather Miniatures ; and (e) . e very important Pottery Collections, conspicuously rich in Wedgwood nd Old Liverpool Wares. Associated with this Museum, as belonging more re nearly to the subjects illustrated by it, though not forming to large extent part of the Mayer Bequest, are _ the Ethnogr mies! ig ections, chiefly of barbaric races. ‘The Exhibition Galleries are open free to the public, as under : —- Y During January, November, and December .. from 10 to 4 My February eA MG ee Vitis oa Ole 14-80 3 March and Oetober ... om hast hin bowih ‘s April to September Sone, aie” pl 0:6 _ Also on Monday Lrenings during January to) March, and October to December... | ” | to 1¢ _ 34 MUSEUMS. The Museums are closed on Sundays and Fridays (except the Fridays of Whit-, Easter and Christmas-Weeks) throughout the year, as well as on Christmas Day, and days of Public Fast and Thanksgiving. The Museums were represented by the Director at the British Association, which met under the presidency of Sir Wilham Turner, at Bradford, and also at the meeting of the Museums Association, at Canterbury, under the presidency of Dr. H. Woodward, F.R.S. Parts 3 and 4 of Volume II. of the Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums were issued as a double number on the 20th January. It contained a paper by the Director on a Collection of Stone Implements in the Mayer Museum, made by Mr. W. H. Seton-Karr, in mines of the ancient Egyptians, discovered by him on the Plateaux of the Nile Valley; a short note on the Zoology of North Queensland, by Mr. H. C. Robinson; a description of a new species of Aplonis, by the Director; and the continuation of the Catalogue of the Charadriformes in the Derby Collection. Part I. of Volume III. was issued on the 15th August, and contains preliminary descrip- tions of the new species obtained by the Sokotran Expedition. (a) The new Micro-Lepidoptera are described by Lord Walsingham, F.R.S., (b) the new Beetles, by Mr. C. J. Gahan, M.A., and (c) the new Hymenoptera, by Mr. W. F. Kirby, the Catalogue of the Lizard- tailed, the toothed, and the Ostrich-like Birds, and of the Tinamous and the Divers in the Derby Museum, completes the contents. Natural History of Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri.—The Report of the Sokotra Expedition undertaken by the British and Liverpool Museums is approaching completion, and it is hoped it will be issued early in the year. The examination and description of the large number of new species in both the fauna and flora, and the preparation of the necessary illustrations, have occupied a longer time than was anticipated, notwithstanding that the whole of the Director’s spare time has been devoted to the work. The Science Cabinets have been distributed to the various Elementary Schools in the City as in former years, and the appli- MUSEUMS. 85 _ The Director has much pleasure in testifying to the care and attention to duty given by all the members of the Staff. v II.—Vistrors. _ Owing to the extensive structural alterations entailed by the introduction of electric lighting and the new system of heating and -yentilation, it was found necessary, in order to safeguard the collec- tions and to expedite the work, to close the Museums to the public for a considerable portion of the year. he attendance of visitors during the period the Museums were open was as follows : — 1900. 1899. (Jan. 1st to May 3rd.) (262 Days) (90 Days) Total Visitors nih ze ee ne 310,482 nee 95,041 Weekly Average... nee rey. rine 5,970 oe 5,002 Daily Average ras “ce ees ee 1,185 Be 1,056 The attendance of school children during this period under the charge of teachers has been well maintained, a large number of children and teachers having availed themselves of the clause in the Education Code, whereby time devoted to instruction in Museums reckons as school attendance. Persons desirous of employing the Museums for the purpose of esearch, reference or sketching may, by application to the ctor, and on giving satisfactory references, obtain tickets ling them to enter on Fridays, when there are special facilities ded them for study. Tickets were issued, as usual, during the (chiefly) to Artists and Students of Natural History, Osteology Dental Anatomy, who have made extensive use of the collec- tions, so far as the condition of the Galleries permitted, on the days 1e Museums were otherwise closed to the public. = The following, among others, have visited the Museums during he year for the purpose of inspecting the collections or other special yject: —Consul E. D. Adamson, Iquitos; W. L. H. Duckworth, 36 MUSEUMS. Cambridge: Surgeon-Major Archer: Consul-General Ohlen, Montreal; David Boyle, Curator, Toronto Museum; Mrs. Grenfell, Oxford: and Prof. Ramsay Wright, University of Toronto. TJ1.—Le&crvrses. Twelve Lectures were delivered by members of the Staff on Monday evenings, in the Theatre of the Museums, during the period from January to March inclusive. They were illustrated by specimens from the Museums and by lantern slides. The total attendance at the Lectures was 760. The following is a list of the subjects : — A course of seven Lectures on ** Wild Flowers, and their Life- History” was given by Mr. William 8. Laverock, M.A., B.Sc., Assistant in the Derby Museum, as follows : — Jan. 8th.— The Cornflower and the Daisy.” Jan. 15th.—‘* The Monkshood and Buttercup.” Jan. 22nd.—* The Rose and the Strawberry.” I. Jan. 29th.—‘‘ The Rose and the Strawberry.” II. Feb. 5th.—‘‘ The Rose, the Blackberry and the Raspberry.” Feb. 12th.—‘‘ The Rose, the Cherry and the Plum.” Feb. 19th.—* The Rose, the Apple and the Pear.” A course of five Lectures on ‘‘ Chapters of Local History” was given by the Assistant-Curator of the Mayer Museum, Mr. P. Entwistle, as follows :— Feb. 26th.—* The Karly Record of the Liverpool Potteries.” Mch. 5th.—* The Sites of the Liverpool Potteries.” Mch. 12th.—* The Discovery of the Art of Printing on Pottery.” Mch. 19th.—* The Herculaneum Pottery.” Mch. 26th.—* The Mock Corporation of Sefton.” A. DERBY MUSEUM. THe Entrance Hatt and GALLERIES. The changes in the arrangement of the collections, which will be radical, necessitated by the Extension buildings, which it is hoped will be ready for occupation before the end of the year, have not yet been finally decided upon, MUSEUMS. ~~ ; 27 ZooLoGicaL DEPARTMENT. Beas: i. (a) GENERAL. - During the past year there has been no change in the number ot duties of the Staff. The work of cataloguing the Birds has been continued, and during the year the Lizard-tailed, the Toothed and the Ostrich-like Birds, and the Tinamous and the Divers have been completed and published. Progress has been also made in cata- loguing other groups. Mr. Clubb has finished cataloguing the -Lacertilia. The acquisitions to the Museums in this Department have been large, and include the greater portion of the Museum's share of the specimens collected on the Expedition to Sokotra. The total acquisitions number close upon 4,500 specimens, and much time is consequently occupied in their identification (so far as it is necessary), incorporation and registration. “Collecting apparatus and boxes, with preservative fluids, were d up and very kindly taken charge of by the Yellow Fever Expedition to Para for the preservation of such specimens as the members hoped they might be able to collect; also by Mr. E. D. Ade mson, H.B.M. Consul at Iquitos. =e ‘The structural alterations, made necessary by the new system of heating and ventilation, has entailed a large amount of work in ing to the careful removal and conservation of specimens from numerous cases, which had to be removed to enable the openings for the ventilation inlets and outlets to be constructed. The series of photographic enlargements, illustrating the various aces of mankind, still continues to grow, and there are now upwards f 125 of these anthropological photographs. lurther copies have een presented to the British Museum and Cambridge University, here they are highly appreciated. A + (b) ARRANGEMENT. he The same general arrangement of the collections He been main- throughout the year, and in view of the Extension, when change and re-arrangement will be involved, little has been ne beyond keeping the collections, as at present exhibited, in roper order. 38 MUSEUMS. (c) ConsERVATION. All the collections on exhibition have been periodically examined, dusted and kept free from moth or other pest. The store cabinets and tanks, containing specimens preserved in fluid, have also been systematically gone over for the purpose of renewing the spirit or other preservative. The store cabinets have also had constant attention, the entomological collections especially requiring frequent examination. The work of reducing the duplicate specimens of mounted birds and forming cabinet skins of them for the study collection has been continued. (d) Loans. The following loans of Museum specimens for purposes of study were made during the year: — Seven Eagle skins were lent to Dr. Bowdler Sharpe, British Museum. Thirty specimens of Larks, twelve species of Lanius, thirty-one species of Parus, five Crows, and one Swift (type), were lent to the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Tring, Herts. (e) PRESENTS. During the year the Museum Collections have been enriched by a large number of presentations, of which the following deserve special mention : — A mounted specimen of the American Bison (Bos americanus (Gm.) ) was presented by Christopher J. Leyland, Esq., Haggerston Castle, Beal, Northumberland. The skin of a Lion (Felis Jeo, Linn.) was presented by Lord Delamere. A collection of Sandwich Island Birds was presented by Prof. Newton, Cambridge, on behalf of the British Association and Royal | Society Joint Committee. A large number of West African specimens has been received from Mr. Ridyard, of the s.s. “Niger,” or through his agency, among which several specimens of-Bats are particularly interesting. MUSEUMS. 89 “tS (f) ExcHANGEs. Skins and skulls of Papio hamadryas (Linn.); Felis geoffroy, DOrb. ¢: Dolichotis patagonica (Shaw) ¢; Lagidiwm peruanum, Meyen, ? and Tolypeutes conurus, Is. Geoffr. g and ? were received in _A Monkey (Cercopithecus nictitans, (Linn.)) ?, juv.; Serval Cat a serval, fn.) 3, anda Jackal ACen aureus, Linn.) were received e gkin and scr of shewians inca, ibe were received in exchange from Mr. Oldfield Thomas, British Museum, for a living specimen of Mungoose which has proved to be new to science and will be described v inton, as Herpestes naso. s Two Electric Cat-fish (Malapterurus electricus, Linn.) (one living) were given to Professor Wm. Stirling, Owens College, Manchester, for a subsequent exchange. A Mud-fish (Protopterus annectens, Owen) contained in mud block was sent to Prof. Ramsey Wright, Toronto. * Six Siamese ‘‘ Fighting Fish ”’ (Betta pugnax, Cant.), were received in —~ 2 exchange for six Walking Fish (Pertophthalmus koelreuteri, Pall.), fy ‘om Cap. Vipan. Several Walking Fish (Periophthalmus koelreuteri, Pall.), a Monkey, and a Bird (all living) were sent to the Zoological Gardens, London. A collection of mammal skins and skulls representing eighteen species were received as an exchange. (g) ACQUISITIONS. NVERTEBRATES— ee (Zoophytes, Sea Anemones, etc.). * v¢e., from Halkyn laced ee mwyn, N. Wales (D. 26. 2. "1900. 94) llected and presented by Mr. F. Hoyer. Tube containing Sea Anemones, &c., prepared for histological ork, chiefly from Naples (D. 26. 2. 1900. 96) ; presented by Mr. Lionel _ Picton. 40 MUSEUMS. Two Jelly-fishes (Rhizostoma pulmo, Linn.), collected on Hoylake shore 26.10.96. by Mr. William §. Laverock along with others for experiments in fixing, and now referred to register of this year (D, 13. 3. 1900. 1). Two Physalias (P. pelagica, Esch.), from Batanga, W. Africa (D. 29. 5. 1900.1); presented by Dr. Newman H. D. Cox per Mr. A. Ridyard. Gorgonid (indet.) from West Bay, Fernando Po, and a piece of a Gorgonid (indet.) from Bata, W. Africa (D. 24. 9.1900. 43 and 44) ; presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Vermes. (Worms, etc.). Fifty-six tubes containing various marine Worms, prepared for histological work, chiefly from Naples (D. 26. 2. 1900. 97-117); presented by Mr. Lionel J. Picton. Anatomical preparation of Leech (Hirudo medicinalis, Linn.) (D. 21. 3. 1900. 8); purchased. Six small earthworms from Hoylake (D. 2. 4. 1900.1); collected and presented by the Director of Museums. A mass of Nematodes (sp. indet.) taken from the thorax of a male Rhea, B. 28. 8.99.71, and a Nematode from an air-sac in thorax of another male Rhea, B. 28.8. 99. 71 (D. 81. 12. 99. 148 and 144). (Omitted from last report). Arthropoda. Crustacea (Crabs, Lobsters, etc.). One Hermit-crab (indet.) in a shell of Strombus sp. from Batanga, W. Africa (D. 26. 2. 1900.91): presented by Mr. John Newberry per Mr. A. Ridyard. Eight tubes containing various Crustaceans and parts of Crustaceans, prepared for histological work, chiefly from Naples (D, 26, 2. 1900. 118-126): presented by Mr. Lionel J. Picton. Anatomical preparations of Cancer pagurus, Linn., and Astacus Jluciatilis, Rond., (D. 21. 3. 1900. 6 and 7); purchased. Two Crustaceans (indet.) from Secondee (D. 28. 11. 1900. 1); ; collected and presented by Mr. John H. Holland. MUSEUMS. “41 Tracheata. (Insects, Spiders, etc,). Kighty-one Beetles, seven other ee and one Arachnid (spp. indet.) from Bata, W. Afriea (D. 26. 2. 1900. 1-9): presented by pr . Alfred Ford, per Mr. Ridyard. j - Rock Scorpion (Buthus afer. Linn.) from Cameroon, W. Africa (D. 26. 2. 1900. 92): presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Two tubes containing Insect Larvee and numerous Collembola, chiefly from Naples (D. 26. 2. 1900. 127 and 129): presented by ‘Mr. Lionel J. Picton. _ Anatomical preparations of Dyliscus marginalis, Sturm., and the Larva of Bombyx mori, Linn. (Db. 21. 3. 1900. 1-2): purchased. One Spider (Mygale sp.), one Phrynus, two Centipedes, ne Millepede (Julus sp.), two Galleyworms (Polydesmus sp.), one Stick Insect, one Grasshopper, one Cicada, one Neuropteron, me Hymenopteron, four Moths and a Larva, one Weevil and four ther Beetles (spp. indet.), from Batanga, W. Africa (D. 29. 5. 1900. 3-21): presented by Dr. Newman H. D. Cox, per Mr. A. Rida, One Stick Inseet indet.) from Bata, W. Africa (D. 29. 5. 1900. 42): presented by Mr. J. Newberry, per Mr. A. Ridyard. ne gla Ants’ Nest (indet.) 4 vm the West coast of Africa (D. 29. me Beetle (indet.) found alive in a parcel of books in the Free i¢ Library (D. 28. 6. 1900. 1); presented by one of the y staff. . 23. 7. 1900. 1): presented by Mr. Ralph Unsworth. ockchafer from Prestatyn, N. Wales (D. 9. 7. 1900. 1): collected resented by Mr. P, Entwistle. wood-boring Beetles, four other Beetles, one Ichneumon, three s. und one pelinsde vine! mere ‘cin a timber yard, Bootle (D. 42 MUSEUMS. Three Locusts (indet.) that flew on board the ‘‘Orizaba”’ in the Red Sea (D. 27. 8. 1900. 1); presented by Lieut. F. O. Simpson, R.N. Larva of Privet Hawk Moth (Sphinx ligustri, L.) from Bridgend, Glamorgan, S. Wales (D. 24. 9. 1900. 1): collected and presented by Mr. Thos. G. Entwistle. Larva of Death’s Head Moth (Acherontia atropos, L.) from Anglesey (D. 24. 9. 1900. 2); presented by Dr. Williams. Longicorn Beetle (indet.) from mahogany from W. Africa (D. 24. 9. 1900. 3); presented by Mr. Chas. Evans. A collection of Insects, comprising forty-six Butterflies, fifty-five Moths, and two Neuroptera (indet.) from Stansfield, Suffolk (D. 24. 9. 1900. 4-42) ; collected and presented by Mr. J. W. Cutmore. About three dozen Seorpions (indet.) from the South of Hungary (D. 15. 10. 1900. 4): presented by Dr. Albert v. Stephani. A number of Beetles (Dermestes vulpinus, Walk.) infesting raw Tobacco leaf and a specimen of the Tobacco affected (D. 15. 10. 1900. — 5): presented by Alderman Maxwell H. Maxwell, Junr. Six Centipedes, two Millipedes, nine Spiders, two groups of Spiders’ eggs, two Chigoes, three Grasshoppers, one “‘ Mangrove fly,” four Hemiptera, several Hymenoptera with nests and parts of nests, two larve, sixteen Beetles and about fifty “ Springtails ” (spp. indet.) from Old Calabar (D. 28. 11. 1900. 2-38): collected and presented by Mr. John H. Holland. One Spider (idet.) found in a yacht from Rio Janeiro (D. 29. 11. 1900. 1); collected and presented by Mr. F. Hibbert. Cockroach (indet.) found in a case of Bananas (D. 29. 11. 1900. 2) ; presented by Mr. Thos. A. Grimes. Six Insects from Hoylake:—Beetle, Geotrupes sp.: four Wasps (Mellinus (?) sabulosus): a two-winged fly, Musca, sp.. food of the Wasp (D. 31. 12. 1900. 1-3); collected and presented by the Director of Museums. Two preparations, in fluid, showing the metamorphosis of Myrme- coleon formicarius (Linn.) and of Doryphora decemlineata (D. 31. 12. 1900. 4 and 5); brought from the Store Room, with no reference number and now referred to Register of this year. MUSEUMS. 48 One Centipede, one Beetle and one ick (spp. indet.) from Brazil ? (D. 31. 12. 99. 140-142); presented by Mr. E. Marwood. (Omitted f om last Report.) A collection of Insects from Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri, containing ‘specimens as follows :—of Lepidoptera, about 500 specimens, repre- se ting 72 species : Orthoptera, 28 specimens, representing 16 species: z oleoptera, 150 specimens, representing 27 species. The specimens of Hymenoptera, Hemiptera and Micro-lepidoptera have not yet been ‘received from the specialists engaged in working them out. Among ‘the above the following species are new to science :—Lepidoptera, Charaxes balfouri, Butl. (g new) : C. relor, Grant; Taraucus socotranus, er. quadratus, Grant; Belenois anomala (Butl.) (gs new); Agrotis b achypecten, Hmpsn; Tarache melena, Hmpsn.: Cerocala sokotrensis, Hmpsn; Hyperythra ediphlebia, Hmpsn; Scotosia rubritincta, Hmpsn; Cidaria holophea, Hmpsn ; Craspedia fulvicolor, Hipsn ; Hypogryphia p nde erealis, Hmpsn: H. flamminalis, Hmpsn and Stenia grisealis, Hmpsn. Orthoptera :—Loboptera peculiaris, Burr.; Teddia dioscoris, swir; T'rucalis ensis, Bury and Dissosteira forbesi, Burr. Coleoptera :-— Alaus sulcicollis, Gahan; Rhytidonota exigua, Gahan; R. socia, Gahan; Busyntelia opacicollis, Gahan; (Ere fusca, Gahan: Idactus granti, Gahan; Erywxia socotrana, Gahan; Melyris insularis, Gahan and Histeromorph us undatus, Gahan. (D. 31. 12. 1900. 6-77 and 130-176) ; eollected on the Corporation’s Expedition to Sokotra. For fuller particulars and complete lists of species see the Report on the Expedition (Natural History of Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri), now in the ress. = Mollusea. (Shells, etc.). 0 ne Cuttle-fish (Sepia sp.),from Batanga, W. Africa (D. 26. 2. 1900. J); presented by Mr. John Newberry, per Mr. A. Ridyard. ‘a ell (Crepidula dilatata, Lam.), taken off a Blue Point Oyster D. 26. 2. 1900. 93); presented by Mr. R. M. Adam. Anatomical preparations of Sepia officinalis, Linn., Helix pomatia, -, Anodonta anatina, Linn. (D. 21. 3. 1900. 8-5); purchased. ‘Two Land Snails (Helix nemoralis, Linn.) from Hoylake (D. 2. 4. 900. 6); collected and presented by the Director of Museums. 44 MUSEUMS Two shells of Pinna (idet.) and two shells of the Paper Nautilus (Argonauta sp.) (D. 15. 19. 1900. 1-3): presented by Miss M. E. Whittle. A collection of shells, principally land and fresh-water species from Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri, containing over 1,000 specimens repre- senting 52 species, of which the following are new to science:— Buliminus (Achatinelloides) dahamisensis, Smith: B. homhilensis, Smith; B. levior, Smith: B. fusco-apicatus, Smith: B. pawrillus, Smith: and Lithidion jorbesianum, Smith. (D. 31.12.1900. 78-129). Collected on — the Corporation’s Expedition to Sokotra. For fuller particulars and complete lists of species, see the Report of the Expedition (Natural History of Sokotra and Ab |-el-Kuri), now in the press. Brachiopoda. Four pieces of fossiliferous rock containing Productus giganteus, &e., from Halkyn Quarries, Rhydymwyn, N. Wales (D. 26. 2. 1900. 94-95) ; collected and presented by Mr. I’. Hoyer. CHORDATES. Fishes. Thirteen specimens of Amphioxus, two adult Lampreys, and one young Lamprey, prepared for histological work, chietly from Naples (C. 26. 2. 1900, 1-2); presented by Mr. Lionel J. Picton. Rostrum of Saw-fish (Pristis sp.) from Ambrizette, W. Africa (C. 26. 2. 1900. 8): presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Electric Cat-fish (Malapterurus electricus, Linn.), from W. Africa (C. 26. 2. 1900. 4); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, .2. 4. 98.; died in the Museum Aquarium 19. 1. 1900, and now referred to Register of this year. eee et Dace (Leuciscus rulgaris, Gunth.) (C. 18. 3. 1900. 1); presented : Mr. Thomas Gardner. Anatomical preparations of T'inca rulgaris, Cuv., Esox lucius, Linn., Torpedo marmorata, Risso (C. 21. 8. 1900. 2-4); purchased. Sole, diseased (C. 24. 4. 1900. 1): died in the Museum Aquarium. — MUSEUMS. 45 -Polypterus (Polypterus retropinnis, Blgr.), from Boma, RK. Congo, W. \frica (C. 29. 5. 1900. 2); presented by Mr. J. H. Greenhalgh, per Mr. A. Ridyard. from Rio del Rey, W. Africa (C. 29. 5. 1900. 3): presented by Mr. Forman, per Mr. A. Ridyard. “Dwelve blocks of mud containing Mud-fish (Protopterus annectens, Jwen), from W. Africa (C. 29. 5. 1900. 4): presented by Mr. A. - Gar-pike (Belone vulgaris, Flem.) from the Queen’s Dock, Liverpool C. 29. 5. 1900. 5); presented by Mr. R. Reynolds. Eleven Electric Cat-fish (Malapterurus electricus, Linn.), seven of n living, from Rio del Rey, W. Africa (C. 24. 9.1900. 2); presented r. Forman, per My. A. Ridyard. Rostrum of Saw-fish (Pristis sp.) from W. Africa (C. 24. 9. 1900. ; presented by Mr. S. Smith, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Sin Siamese ‘Fighting Fish” (Betta pugnasr, Cant.) (C. 26. 9. 1900. sina ; received in exchange. (See page 39). ) en young Fishes (ind:t.) from Okuni, Cross River, N. of Old aur: one Fish (Pentanemus quinquarius, Linn.), and another {indet.) from Secondee (C. 28. 11. 1900. 5-8); colleeted and ited by Mr. John H. Holland. Phree Black Bass and three Spiegel Carp, living (C. 21. 12. 1900. id 2): purehased. Amphibians. hree anatomical preparations of Rana jortis (C. 21, 3. 1900. 1) ; chased, 46 MUSEUMS. Tree Frog (indet.) from Batanga, W. Africa (C. 29. 5. 1900. 1); presented by Dr. Newman H. D. Cox, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Collection of Batrachian remains from the Middle Miocene, La Grive, St. Alban (Isére, France) (C. 29. 5. 1900. 6-8) ; purchased. One Frog (indet.), one Tree Frog (indet.), two Toads, and thirteen young Toads (indet.), from Old Calabar (C. 28. 11. 1900. 1-4); collected and presented by Mr. John H. Holland. Reptiles. Lizard (Varanus niloticus, D. & B.) jur.; three Snakes (indet.), and the head of a Snake (adet.) from Cameroon, and a Snake (indet.) from Gaboon (B. 26. 2. 1900. 13-17); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Anatomical preparations of [mys europea (Sehneid.), Lacerta viridis (Linn.), T'ropidonotus natria (Gesn.), Pelias berus, Linn. (B. 21. 3. 1900. 3-6); purchased. Adder (Pelias berus, Linn.), from North Wales (B. 23. 4. 1900. 4) ; presented by Mr. Wim. Swan. Pond Tortoise (indet.), living, and three young Crocodiles (indct.) living, from West Africa (B. 29. 5. 1900. 2-3): presented by Mr. Smith, per Mr. Ridyard. Chameleon (indet.) and Snake (indet.), from Batanga, W. Africa (B. 29. 5. 1900. 6 and 7); presented by Dr. Newman H. D. Cox, per Mr. Ridyard. Collection of Reptilian remains from the Middle Miocene, La Grive, St. Alban (Isere, France) (B. 29. 5. 1900. 8-11) ; purchased. Limbless Lizard (Monopeltis koppenfelsti (Strauch.) ), from Batanga, W. Africa (B. 28. 7. 1900. 1); presented by Dr. Newman H. D. Cox, per Mr. Ridyard. Young Crocodile (indet.) living, from W. Africa (B. 23. 7. 1900. 2) ; presented by Mr. T. W. McQuistan. “Shell” of Tortoise (indet.), from Acera, W. Africa (B. 24. 9. 1900. 3); presented by Dr. J. Edward Mettle, per Mr. Ridyard, MUSEUMS. 47 ~ Chameleon (indet.), one Snake (Calabaria reinhardti (Schleg.) ), and n Lizards (indet.); one Amphisbenid (Aimphishena leucura, D. &« B.), and three Snakes (indet), from Old Calabar (B. 28. 11. (900. 1-15) : collected and presented by Mr. John H. Holland. One hundred and seventy-nine specimens representing eighteen ecies collected by the Corporation’s Expedition to Sokotra and Abd- -Kuri, 1898-9:—Pristurus insignis, Blanford, 11: P.- rupestris, lanford, 52: Phyllodactylus riebeckii (Peters), 4: *P. trachyrhinus, Boulene., 1; Hemidactylus homeolepis, Blanford, 6; *H. pumitlio, imth., 15; Evremias guttulata, Licht., 6; Mabuia socotrana (Peters), *Parachalcides socotranus, Bouleng., 18; Chameleon monachus, ay, 8; *Glauconia filiformis, Bouleng., 2; *G. macrura, Bouleng., 10; ypophis vivar, Gunth., 2. The species here marked with an isk are new to science. (B. 31. 12. 1900. 140-157). For fuller Birds. The species indicated by an asterisk are new to the collection. hirteen Birds, including Pyrrherodias purpurea (Linn.); Numenius ws (Linn.); Bubuleus lucidis, Rafin; ? Sterna fluciatilis, Neum. ; on senegalensis (Linn.); Merops sp., from W. Africa (B. 26, 2. . 1-12); presented by Mr. G. W. Stokes, per Mr. A. Ridyard. of a Tinamou (Tinamus sp.) (B. 17. 8. 1900. 1). hatomical preparations of Sturnus vulgaris, Linn.; Columba p(B. 21. 3. 1900. 1-2) ; purchased. Bird skins :—Pitta lorie, 2 3 and 1 2 ; LKdoliisoma melas, ngolan Vulture (Gypohicrax angolensis, Gm.) living, from W. Africa 29. 5. 1900, 1) ; presented by Mr. Smith, per Mr. Ridyard. 48 MUSEUMS. Bird’s Nest (indet.) from Batanga, W. Africa (B. 29. 5.1900. 1): presented by Dr. Newman H. D. Cox, per Mr. Ridyard. Tern Gudet.) caught off Assint (B. 29. 5. 1900. 5): presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Collection of Bird remains from the Middle Miocene, La Grive, St. Alban (Isere, France) (B. 29. 5. 1900. 12-17): purchased. - Bird’s Nest—Rook ?—(B. 25. 6. 1900. 1.): presented by Mr. G. Dickinson. Four dissections of the wine of a bird (B. 25. 6. 1900. 2); purchased. House Martin (Chelidon urbica (Linn.)) found dead near the Wellington Monument, Liverpool (B. 26. 6. 1900. 1); purehased. Cassowary (Casuarius sp.) (B. 28. 7. 1900. 3): purchased. Seven Bird Skins :—*T'richoglossus novehollandie, subsp. septen- trionalis, Robinson, ¢ and 2 29; *Dacelo gigas, subsp. minor, Robinson, 3 g : Prionodura newtoniana, De Vis, 3. from Cooktown, Queensland (B. 23. 7. 1900. 4-6): purchased. Five nests of British Birds :—Green-finch, Linnet ?, Chattinel, Lesser White-throat and Sky-lark from Stansfield, Suffolk (B. 27. 8. 1900. 1-5); presented by Mr. J. W. Cutmore. Collection of twenty-six Brd skins and one bird's nest from the Sandwich Islands :—Chloridops kona, S.B.W.2 : Loxops aurea, Sharpe. g¢: L. coccinea, Cab., 3 and @ jure: Chrysomitridops cacruleivostris, S. Wil, % 3 Orcomyza flammea, 5. Wil, &, 2 and nestling; O. bairdi, Stejn, S tmm.; Himatione chloris, Cab., Sg ; H. chloridvides, S.B.W., 3; H. montana, S.B.W.,. 3o.;. HL virenm Sharpe, ¢: H. kalaana, S.B.W., ¢ ; Palmeria dolii, Roths., g and g juc.; Hemignathus wilsoni, (Roths.), g jur.; H. affinis, Roths., & imm.: HH. obseurus, Peale, 29: H. procerus, Cab., g and Z Chasiempis selateri, Ridgw., g¢ and @; C. gayi, S.B.W., fo. C. sandricensis, Cab., gf jure: C. sp., 2: nest of Chasiempis sp. (B. 27. 8 1900. 6-25); presented by the Royal Society and Britisl Association Joint Committee for the Zoology of the Sandwich Island per Prot. Newton, Cambridge. MUSEUMS. 49 A collection of fifty-seven Birds, mostly as skins from Arabia:— Melierac polyzonus (Rupp.): Lophoceros nasutus (Linn.), 3; Anthus riviulis (Linn) : Merops cyanophrys (Cab. & Heine). 339,22 and 2 not sexed; Upup« epops, Linn.,g : Caprimulgus inornatus, Heugl: Cercotrichas melanoptera (H. & BE.) 23% and 3 not sexed; LHrythacus golzii (Cab.) 29; Aédon familiaris (Mentér.) ¢, 2 and 1 not sexed; Savicola isabellina (Cretzschm.); Cisticola cisticola (Temm.); T'rin- pides hypoleucus (Linn.) 2: one Hawk, three Bee-eaters, two King- ers, and twenty-seven other specimens, all indet. (B. 27. 8. 1900. B. 17 . 12. 1900. 4): purchased. G * Shear-water ie major, Fab.), °, from the Atlantic (B. Six teen Bird et :—Sceissirostrum dubium, Lafr., 1 not sexed, from lebes: Xantholema sp. 3, from Ceylon; Siva strigula, Hodgs., 1 not. xed orn Sikkim; Myiobius nevius, 3, from Roraima; Oxypogon i gai a; from New Granada: one Cy aii sp. and ten Col ection of ‘Birdy : ae ee epee: comprising one ured and thirty-nine species (B. 31. 12. 1900. 1-189); purchased. asser hemileucus, Grant and Forbes: *Fringillaria insularis, Grant 1 Forbes; *F. socotrana, Grant and Forbes; *Scops socotranus, rant and Forbes, and *Phalacrocorax nigrogularis, Grant and Forbes 50 MUSEUMS. (B. 31. 12. 1900. 158-197) ; collected on the Corporation’s Expedition to Sokotra. For fuller particulars and complete lists of species see the Report on the Expedition (Natural History of Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri), now in the press. Mammals. Weasel (Mustela vulgaris, Linn.), ?, from High Legh, Cheshire | (A. 29. 1. 1900. 1); presented by Mr. John G. Gilbert. Human Skull minus the lower jaw and the lower jaw of another from the interior of Terra del Fuego (A. 29. 1. 1900. 2. and 8); presented by Captain W. Kelly, per Mr. H. C. Beasley. Civet Cat (Viverra civetta, Schreb.), living, from Cameroon, W. Africa (A. 26. 2. 1900. 1); presented by Mr. 8. Smith, per Mr. Ridyard. Skin of Genette Kitten (Genetta sp.) from Fernando Po., W. Africa (A. 26. 2. 1900. 2); Foetus of Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus sp.) from Ambrizette, W. Africa (A. 26. 2. 1900. 4); presented by Mr. Ridyard. Skull of young Elephant (Zlephas africanus, Blumb.) from Batanga, } W. Africa (A. 26. 2. 1900. 3): presented by Mr. H. C. Powell, per Mr. Ridyard. Bat (Epomophorus (Hypsignathus) monstrosus (Allen) ), 2 , with young one; one Rat, 3 (indet.), two Rats, 2, and young (indet.) from Eloby, W. Africa (A. 26. 2. 1900. 5-7): collected and presented by Mr. G. W. Stokes, per Mr. Ridyard. Monkey (Cercopithecus nictitans (Linn.,) 2, jr: Serval (Felis serval, Linn.) ¢ ; Jackal (Canis aureus, Linn.),?, (A. 17. 3. 1900. 1-3); received in exchange. (See page 39). Human Skull of “New Race” age from Hierakonopolis, Egyp (A. 19. 8. 1900. 1); skin and skull of Hylobates miilleri, Martin, 2 , from Baram District, Sarawak (A. 19. 3.1900. 2); received in exchange. Three anatomical preparations of Cavia cobaya, Schreb. (A. 21.3 1900. 1) ; purchased. Two Lesser Horse-Shoe Bats (Rhinolophus hipposiderus, Bechst.), ¢ from a cave at Glynn Ceiriog, Denbighshire (A. 23, 4, 1900. 1) presented by Mr. T. A. Cowan, MUSEUMS. Pe ~ Collection of Bones (indet.) and a few of the bony plates of a Gr yptodon (indet.) from Rio Negro, Uruguay (A. 23. 4.1900. 2-11) ; presented by Mr. W. P. Steer. . Young Chimpanzee (Anthropopithecus niger (Linn.) ), 2, (A. 29. 5. 1900. 1); presented by Mr. Holme Seward. Head of Reed-buck (Cervicapra arundineum), mounted, from Beira, $. E. Africa (A. 29. 5. 1900. 2); presented by Mr. Rowland Ward. - Young Antelope (Cephalophus maxwelli (H. Smith) ), ? , living, from Fernando Po; Skin of a Genette kitten (Genetta, sp.) from Fernando Po (A. 29. 5. 1900. 3 and 4): presented by Mr. J. D. Maysmoor, per fr. Ridyard. ¥ Malbrouck Monkey (Cercopithecus cynosurus (Scop.) ), living, from A nbrizette, W. Africa; Moustache Monkey (C. cephus Linn.) ), living, from Landana, W. Africa; Hocheur Monkey (C. nictitans (Linn.) ), iving, from Sette Kama, W. Africa (A. 29. 5. 1900. 5-7) ; presented by fr. Ridyard. Fetus of an Ungulate (indet.); Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus blasii, Pe be s)?; Fruit Bat (Epomophorus comptus, Allen), ¢, from Satanga, W. Africa (A. 29. 5. 1900. 8-10); presented by Dr. Newman [. D. Cox, per Mr. Ridyard. Three Rats (indet.); one Fruit Bat (indet.): one Galago (indet.) om Ukaka, Eloby (A. 29. 5. 1900. 11-13); presented by Mr. W. G. jokes, per Mr. Ridyard. Collection of Mammal Remains from the Middle Miocene, La Grive, , Alban (Isere, France) (A. 29. 5. 1900. 14-83); purchased. Iwo Golden Moles (Chrysochloris trevelyani, Gunth.), from Pirie rest, S. Africa (A. 29. 5. 1900. 85 and 35); purchased. Skin and skull of Conepatus inca, Thos., from Lima, Peru (A. . 1900. 1); received in exchange. (See page 39). Skin and skull of “‘ Flying’ Phalanger (indet.) (A. 6. 7. 1900. 2). Ske 1 of one of the Bovide (indet.) (lower jaw wanting), from tanga, W. Africa (A. 23. 7. 1900. 1): presented by Dr. Newman H. Cox, per Mr. Ridyard. 52 : MUSEUMS. Skins and skulls of Papio hamadryas (Linn.). 3, from N.E. Africa ; ‘elis geoffroyi, D’Orb. ? 2: Dolichotis patagonica (Shaw) 3: Lagidium peruanum, Meyen., 2: Tolypeutes conurus, Is. Geoffr., ¢ and 2 ; from Rioja, Rep. Argentina (A. 27. 8. 1900. 1-5); received in exchange. (See page 39). A collection of fifty-one specimens from Arabia :—Four skins and three skulls of Gerbillus pecilops, Y. and T., 3, 2 2 and one not sexed ; skin and skull of Arvicanthis variegatus, Licht.,?: skins of three Rodents (indet.); skull of Rodent (indet.) ; Gerbillus pecilops, Y. and T.: two Rodents (indet.): head of a Rodent (indet.): skins and skulls of Nyctuis sp., 8g: skin of Scotophilus schliffeni, Pet.,?; three skins of Bat (indet.) : thirty Bats, representing four species (indet.): skull of Bat (indet) ; two skins of Badger (indet); (A. 27. 8. 1900, 6-24) ; purchased. Skin of a Bison (Bos americanus (Gm.)) (A. 27. 8. 1900. 25): presented by Mr. Christopher J. Leyland. Skin of a Lion (Felis leo, Linn.) from Somaliland (A. 27. 8. 1900. 26); presented by Lord Delamere. Wallaby (Sp. indet.), 2 (A. 24. 9. 1900. 1): purchased. Cast of right hand of young Chimpanzee from a female named ‘ Daisy,” formerly living in the Zoological Gardens London (A. 24. 9. 1900. 2): presented by the Trustees of the British Museum. pairs of Horns of an Antelope (indet.) from Cameroon, W. Africa (A. 24. 9. 1900. 3-5); presented by Mr. 8. Smith, per Mr. Ridyard. Two molar teeth of African Elephant from Cameroon: Bat (Nycteris macrotis, Dobson), 3, from §.W. Africa (A. 24. 9. 1900. 8); presente by Mr. Ridyard. Civet Cat, living, from Cameroon (A. 24. 9. 1900. 8): presented by Mr. G. W. Christian, per Mr. Ridyard. Moustache Monkey (Cercopithecus cephus (Linn.) ), ? , living, fro Batanga, W. Africa (A. 22. 10. 1900. 1); presented by Mr. Joh Newberry, per Mr. Ridyard. / Eleven coloured casts (busts) of Pueblo Indians (A. 15, 10, 1906 1-11) ; purchased, . MUSEUMS. 53 ‘Fifty-six specimens of skins and skulls, representing the following species :—Metachirus opossum melanurus, Thos. : Sloth (indet.); Lagidium peruanum, Meyen.; Chinchillula sahame, Thos.: Phyllotis boliviensis, Waterh.; P. sublimis: DP. sp.: Akodon pulcherrimus, Thos. ; Javia aperea cutleri; Mus rattus, Linn.: Oryzomys pheopus, Yh 0s.; O., sp.; Scturus versicolor, Thos.; Artibeus perspicillatus, Linn. ; Saccopteryx bilincatus, Temm.; Thyroptera tricolor, Spix., from Peru and Ecuador : Oryzomys indefessus, Thos., from Indefatigable I., Gala- yagos: Rousetta stramineus, from I. of St. Thomas, W. Africa A. 28. 11. 1900. 2-19) ; received in exchange. (See page 39). Kiang (Equus hemionus, Pall.), from lLadak, OC. Asia, mounted (A. 28. 11. 1900. 20); purchased. _ Tree Kangaroo (Dendrolagus bennettii) 3, skin with skull; Wallaby (M. inornata,?) 3 , skin with skull, from Western Australia (A. 28. 11. 1900. 21 and 22) : purchased. Five coloured casts (busts) of Pueblo Indians, New Mexico A. 17. 12. 1900. 1-5): purchased. I ruit Bat (indet.) g (A. 17. 12. 1900. 6); purchased. * mk keleton of Elephant Seal (Macrorhinus leoninus (Linn.)), (A. 31. 2. 1900. 1); purchased. ia; Viverricula malaccensis, F. Cuv., 1¢: Mus rattus, Linn. subsp. rens, Gray, 83,42: Hquus asinus, Linn., subsp. africanus, Fitz., 1 ¢ imm.,from Sokotra (A. 31. 12. 1900. 4-7). For fuller iculars see the Report on the Expedition (Natural History of otra and Abd-el-Kuri), now in the press. ‘wo Human Skulls (M’pongwe) from Muni R., Ukaka, EKloby, 8. W. ica; Skin of Genette from Boma, R. Congo; Horn of Buffalo from , W. Africa (A. 26. 6. 99. 1-3); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. d from last Report). j af es wo skins of Cobus penrici, and ¢@ (A. 24. 7. 99.1): purchased. nitted from last Report). 54 MUSEUMS. Rhesus Monkey (Macacus rhesus) 9 (A. 24. 7. 99. 3); presented by Mr. G. G. Weiss. (Omitted from last Report). BoranicaL DEPARTMENT. The acquisitions in this department are as follows :— Thirty models of parts of the following plants :—Pyrus malus, L. ; Rosa canina, L.; Fragaria vesca, L.: Rubus fruticosus, sub. sp. suberectus, Anders; Potentilla Tormentilla, Scop.: Poterium officinale, Hook. f.; Prunus Cerasus, L.; Drosera rotundifolia, L.: Aldrovanda © vesiculosa, Monti.; Dionea muscipula, L.: Sarracenia purpurea, Li; Nepenthes destillatoria, L.; Utricularia vulgaris, L.: Vitis silvestris, Gmel.; V. vinifera, L.; Urtica dioica, L.: Morus nigra, L.: Humulus— Lupulus, L.; Ficus carica, L.; descriptions of two of the series of models (H. 17. 1. 1900. 1-21) ;_ purchased. Eleven single fruits, one double fruit and one seed of Sapindus sp. (E. 24. 1. 1900. 1): presented by Mr. J. Marshall. Sixteen seedlings of Acer Pseudoplatanus, L. and eight seedlings (indet.) from Hoylake; one Parnassia palustris, L. from 2000 ft. above the village of Gayle, Yorkshire (KE. 2. 4. 1900. 1 and 2; 11. 5. 1900. 17 and 18; 15.10. 1900.1); collected and presented by the Director of Museums. Seven hundred and fifty-five specimens of local British plants, representing over two hundred species (EK. 19. 4. 1900. 1-6; 25. 4. 1900. 1-10; 2.5. 1900. 1-17; 11. 5. 1900. 1-16; 18. 5. 1900. 1-3 25. 5. 1900. 1-12; 30. 5. 1900. 1-13; 6. 6. 1900. 1-18; 13. 6. 1900. 1-16; 20. 6. 1900. 1-28; 5.7. 1900. 1-18; 12.7. 1900. 1-11; TS 7. 1900. 1-28; 26.7. 1900. 1-80): collected for the Museum by Mr Wm. 8. Laverock. One fruit? (indet.) taken from a block of mud containing Mud-fish from W. Africa (E. 16. 8. 1900. 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Group of Fungi (Agaricus (Pleurotus) ostreatus, Jacq.)? (BE. 22 12. 1900. 1); from bones of a whale on the roof of the Museu buildings. MUSEUMS. 65 MINERALOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. The following are the acquisitions in this Department :— q Highty specimens of Rocks and associated Minerals, mostly from Italy (F. 16. 7. 1900. 1-80) ; purchased. One specimen of ‘“ Fresh-water Marble” from St. Aniata Mines, near Siena, Tuscany (F. 23. 7. 1900. 1); presented by Major-General Robley. a A small pebble of Mica Schist from Old Calabar (I. 28. 11. 1900. 1); sollected and presented by Mr. John H. Holland. Tue AQUARIUM. 4 The Aquarium continues to be one of the chief attractions of the Museum ; special interest being taken in the Mud, the-Walking and the Electrical Cat Fishes and in the various species of living Anthro- poids, which have from time to time been on exhibition. Our efforts to keep in good health and condition the various tropical mimals, have proved very successful, but the want of proper ecommodation for living Mammals (Monkeys, etc.) has necessitated he removal of most of them to the Zoological Gardens, London. I m portant donations of West African species have been made from time © time by Messrs. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer of the 8.5. ‘‘ Niger’’; 3. Smith, Cameroons; G. W. Stokes, Eloby; J. Newberry, Batanga; ¥ Forman, Rio del Rey; G. W. Christian, Cameroons and others. aye been hatched and reared in the small Fish Hatchery in the juarium, and it is of great interest to record that some of the young raised and which were placed in enclosed ponds at Bromborough vidently flourished, as specimens of the fish, some 8 or 9 inches gth, and which can only be about two years old, have recently en taken. This is of great importance as bearing on the question to the possibility of Rainbow Trout breeding in enclosed waters, in ference to which experiments on a large scale are now being conducted 56 MUSEUMS. The following species have been exhibited alive during the year, those with an asterisk being alive at the date of this report :— Fresh Water Hydre (Hydra viridis and H. fusca). Sea-Anemones: The Crass (Tealia crassicornis): Plumose Anemone* (Actinoloba dianthus): Beadlet * (Actinia mesembryanthemum): Horse-leech * (Hemopsis vorax): Fresh-water Polyzoa (Cristatella mucedo, *Pluma- tella repens, Lophopus crystallinus); Edible Crab (Cancer pagurus) : Common Shore Crab (Carcinus manas): Hermit Crab (Pagurus bernhardus) : Spider Crab (Stenorhynchus rostratus): Palemonetes varians: Fresh-water Eel* (Anguilla vulgaris): Loch Leven Trout * (Salmo levenensis): Rainbow Trout* (Salmo irideus): Gold Carp * (Carassius auratus); Mirror Carp* (Cyprinus carpio. var.): Black Bass; Three-spined Stickleback * (Gasterosteus aculeatus): Fresh-water_ Gudgeon * (Gobio fluviatilis): Tench * (Tinca rulgaris): Rudd (Leuciscus erythrophthalmus): Dace (Leuciscus vulgaris): Roach * (Leuciscus rutilus): Pike * (Esox lucius): Perch * (Perca fluviatilis): Indian Serpent-head (Ophiocephalus punctatus); North American Cat- fish * (Amiurus catus): Central American Fresh-water Fish * (Heros jtacetus) : Paradise Fish (Polyacanthus viridi-auratus) ; Siamese Fighting Fish* (Betta pugnax): Electric Cat-fish * (Malapterurus electricus): African Mudfish * (Protopterus annectens): Walking Fish * (Perioph- thalmus koelreuteri); the Calabar Polypterus (Calamoichthys calabaricus) + Sole (Solea vulgaris): Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa); Common Frog * (Rana temporaria) : Natterjack Toad (Bufo calamita); Common Toad* (Bujo vulgaris): Italian Toad* (Bufo vulgaris): Crested or Great Water Newt* (Vvriton cristatus); Common or Smooth Newt * (Molge vulgaris): Spotted Salamander (Salamandra maculosa) : Alligator Terrapin * (Chelydra serpentina): West African Tortoises * (Testudo calcarata and sp. indet.): Sternothere * (Sternotherus adansonii): Snake (sp. indet.): Gecko (sp. indet.): Green Lizard * (Lacerta viridis); West African Crocodiles * (Mecistops cataphractus and sp. indet.): Angolan vulture (Gypohicrax angolensis) (transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London): W. African Squirrel * (sp. indet.): Civet Cat (Viverra civetta): Antelope (Cephalophus maxwelli) ; Malbrouck Monkey * (Cercopithecus cynosurus) (transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London): Moustache Monkey * (Cercopithecus cephus) (transferred to the Zoological Gardens, London): Hocheu MUSEUMS, ra rdens, London). SumMArY oF ACQUISITIONS. Zoological. 8 Species Boy 433. hropoda (Crustacea) 12 f ; opoda (‘Tracheata) 260 4 60 1 %» Bite ache LO yrs 2 a 286 i 149. 23. 905 a to Botanical. ks and Minerals... ae .. 227 Species. ... ake Geological and Mineralogical. 57 lonkey (Cercopithecus nictitans) (transferred to the Zoological 10 Specimens. 100 815 Specimens. 82 Specimens. he agsregate number of specimens acquired by the Derby Museum ng 1900 is thus 4,458, compared with 3,728 acquired in 1899. 58 MUSEUMS. : B._MAYER MUSEUM. (a) GENERAL. | During the past year the collections have been closed for more than six months on account of the extensive alterations which have been necessitated by the extension of the buildings, which necessitated the removal of almost all the wall and table cases, and : : | | their contents. A large and interesting series of Ancient Hgyptian Antiquities trom Abydos has been received from the Committees of the Egypt Wxploration Fund and Research Account. The collection of objects illustrating the Art Work of the Maoris of New Zealand, formed by Major-General H. G. Robley, has con- tinued on exhibition during the past year. Our grateful acknowledgments to Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Ingineer, ss. “ Niger,’ for his continued generous assistance in collecting and bringing home numerous highly interesting and, in some cases, unique objects for the West African Section of the Kthnographical Department; also, for the assistance rendered to this Department (through Mr. Ridyard) by Messrs. Dr. E. J. Mettle, A. Forman, G. W. Stokes, S. Smith, E. Holder, O. Sonnenberg, Walter Beattie, H. B. Crompton, Hugh Willams, James Anderson, . G. P. During, John Newberry, J. E. Gibney, J. H. Greenhalgh, F. R. C. Lutterodt, H. Hirst, R. Patchett, H. A. Shanu, G. W. Christian, and Mackay on the coast, who have been ever ready to obtain for the collection special wants; and to Messrs. Elder Dempster & Co. for so kindly continuing their permission for these objects to be brought to Liverpool freight free. During the period that Mr. Ridyard has interested himself in collecting for the Museums he has personally, or through his friends on the coast, contributed nearly 1,000 specimens from West Africa to the Ethnographical Department alone. Through the continued growth of the exhibits in the West African Section of the Ethnographical Gallery, it has been necessary to extend the space for their exhibition. MUSEUMS. 59 :., The Assistant Curator, Mr. P. Entwistle, has been constantly employed in labelling specimens, and adding to them explanatory drawings and photographs, which add greatly to the interest and value of the collection, as well as the preparation of the series of enlargements of the Races of Mankind for the Anthropological Room, for the British Museum, and Cambridge University, as well as for the illustrations of the Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums. The following photographs, taken by the Assistant Curator, have studies, or to illustrate works on which they may be engaged : — _ Group of carved adzes from the Hervey Islands, to Dr. Frobenius, Leipzig; enlargement of the head of a Kru boy, Liberia, to Prof. I’. Starr, Chicago University; specimen enlargement of a Kru boy Prof. Giglioli, Florence. During the past year forty-three enlargements of heads of Caucasian, Ethiopian and Mongolian types, d eight enlargements of finger prints, have been sent to the British useum, and twelve to the Anthropological Museum (Prof. A. Macalister), Cambridge University. (b) Loans anv Deposrrs. “he collection of New Zealand EKthnographical objects formed by Major-General H. G. Robley has remained on exhibition. ‘Two manuscripts (1) “Treatise on Moral Philosophy,’ by S. Thomas Aquinas, German, L5th century (12,037), and (2) Portion he History of Rome, by Kutropius, Italian, a.p. 1528 (12,068), been lent for paleeographical study to the Librarian, University ollege, Liverpool. (c) ExcHancEs. The following flint and stone implements (29. 5.00. 38-55) found i various localities in Ireland, were received in exchange from ir. W. J. Knowles for duplicate Egyptian stone implements : — ‘ifteen cores and flakes, Island Magee; five flakes, Larne; three nackstones, four cores, six flakes and sixteen scrapers, fragments irns, teeth, jaw-bones, and shells Patella athletica and Littorina ‘ovea, examples from the kitchen middens at Whitepark Bay ; en celts and flakes in basalt, showing process of manufacture, 60 d MUSEUMS. from Tullykittagh, Clough, Portglenone, Drunraw, Glenleslie, Braid, Ballyeastle, Dungonnell, &e.; six tanged flakes, twelve dressed flakes, twelve hollow scrapers, knives (?), thirty-two scrapers (various), core, twenty leaf-shaped arrow heads, ten flinft arrow heads tanged and barbed, twelve tanged arrow heads, and a worked flint, from Braid, Clough, Glenhead, Craigs, Drumraw, Slemish, Culbane, Lyle, Glenleslie, Antinanum, Dunclug, Aughnahoy, Moorfields, Quolie, Tulleykittagh, Ballintoy, Port- glenone, Knockboy, Kells, Glenwherry and Wharstown. ‘Paloola’ (25. 6. 00. 35.), or neck ornament of plaited human hair, with pendant shell ornament made from 7'ridacna sp., received from the Belfast Literary and Philosphical Society's Museum, in exchange for 50 duplicate Egyptian stone implements. Selection of duplicate Egyptian stone implements from the astern Desert, and West Indian stone implements were sent in exchange to the following : — Pitt-Rivers Museum, Oxford, 35 Egyptian { Casts of two Egyptian flint bracelets (28. 1. 1901, 45-46). Prof. Giglidli, Florence, 17 x | Mammal skins (A. 27. 8. 00. 5 6 W. Indian ; 1-5). in British Museum, 95 Egyptian | To be arranged. Science and Art Museum, 82 3 , exchange { Purchase. Dublin Dr. Woodward, Brit. Museum, 28 ; ; for ) To be arranged. Mr. H, Stopes, London, Bs ) Do. Field Columbian Museum, 76 <4 | Ethnography from Peru, Chicago \ Arkansas, and Missouri (22. 4. 1901). (7) ACQUISITIONS. (1.) GENERAL. Two cast-iron railway rails (29. 4.00.1) laid at Loughborough in 1789, and two iron chairs, one key, and one spike (29. 4. 00. 2), from the Liverpool and Manchester Railway at Rainhill; presented by Messrs. Clement I. and Clement Stretton. (2.) CERAMICS. Models in Copelands “ Parian” ware, by A. Jarvis, of Assyrian antiquities, as follows: —Assurbanipal and his Queen in a palace garden at Nineveh; statuettes of Sardanapalus and his Queen; Sphinx, and Lion weight (17. 12. UU. 19-25); purchased. MUSEUMS. 61 (3.) ErHnoGraPHy. gree (29.5. 00. 34); Senegal. _ From Sierra Leone: —Native soap (26. 2. 00. 3); wooden comb, with chain and boat attached, carved out of one piece of wood, made Lagos: —Native Soap (26. 2. 00. 4); Medicine (26. 2. 00. 5); Native Blacksmith’s Outfit, z.c., Bellows of wood with two iron es and long clay nozzle, iron pincers, large iron punch, five iron unches, three iron chisels, scraper, iron frame for nail (?) making, wo clay crucibles, and four moulds for gold (?) work, impressed a Sepia officinalis (24. 9. 00. 3). From the Cameroons : — 62 MUSEUMS. Gaboon : —Carved Calabash (26. 2. 00. 7); two Gourd Calabashes (26. 2. 00. 8), Muni River, Eloby; Clay Pipe-head in form of a human head (26. 2. 00. 10), Bata; Musical Instrument (26. 2. 00. 11), Muni River, Eloby; Hunter’s Bag (29. 5. 00. 5), Botica, Muni River, Eloby ; Carved Wooden Stool and Brass Necklet (24. 9. 00. 1-2), Botica, Muni River, Eloby; Wooden Mask, painted (24. 9. 00. 10), M’pongwe; Carved Wooden Stick (24. 9. 00. 20), Mayumba; Hide Whip (24. 9. 00. 21), Mayumba; three Earthen- ware Pipe Bowls (24. 9. 00. 22-24), Lukungu country. Congo Francais : — Painted Wooden Mask (26. 2. 00. 12), Sette Kama; Fetish (26. 2. 00. 13), Mayumba; Fetish ‘ Nbunha’ (24. 9. 00. 13), Loango River. 1 Portuguese Congo : — Musical Instrument, a Zanze (26. 2. 00. 14), Maculla; two Plaited Grass Plates (26. 2. 00. 15), Maculla; two beautifully knitted Caps of Pineapple Fibre (26. 2. 00. 16-17), Zoumba, near Maculla; Spear (26. 2. 00. 18), from Zoumba, near Maculla; large Knife in Wood Sheath (26. 2. 00. 20), Ambrizette: Wooden Spoon, the handle in form of a hand holding a snake (24. 9. 00. 8), Lualli River, Cacongo; Wooden Spoon, the handle carved to represent an | old-time punishment (24. 9. 00. 9), Lualli River, Cacongo; Red Karthenware Saucer and Bottle (24. 9. 00. 11-12), made at Loanda; Ju Ju, named ‘ Bumba’ (24. 9. 00. 14), Lualli River, Cacongo ; Wooden Fetish (24. 9. 00. 6), Landana; beautifully carved Ebony Stick (24. 9. 00. 51), Ambrizette; Ebony Walking-stick (24. 9. 00. 52), Ambrizette; Bow and seven Wooden Arrows (24. 9. 00. 53), Ambrizette; Filter, or ‘Drip’ Stone (26. 2. 00. 23), Mossamedes. Upper Congo River: -— Wooden Fetish Figure, showing tattoo marks on chest and back. (24. 9. 00. 15), Kassai; Wooden Fetish Figure (24. 9. 00. 16), Bangala; Knife (24. 9. 00. 17), Bangala; two Grass Cloths (24. 9. 00. 18-19), Manyanga: pair of Wooden Shoes (26. 2. 00. 21), Kabambarra; Knife (26. 2. 00. 22), Matetela; Nail-cutter and Cleaner (26. 2. 00. 25), Mamba Macocoro: Carved Wooden Female MUSEUMS. 63 Figure, ‘King’s Wife, N’dangi’ (29. 5. 00. 4), Mayombi; Carved Ww ooden Figure, ‘Ward Keeper for N’dangi King’ sane 5. 00. 5), Mayombi; Knife (29. 5. 00. 17); three Arrows (29. 00. 35), Ka fassal ; Photographs of the Markets at Winnebah (26. 2 a 55-54). a BPernando Po:— Belt of sa of shells, used as money (26. 2. 00. 50); Necklet of t Beads (26. 2. 00. 51), used by the Boobys. ¥ Bollected and presented by Mr. H. B. Crompton, per Mr. A. Ridyard : —Wooden Mask (26. 2. 00. 24), Wooden Rattle, G ‘ater (26. 2. 00. 26), two Combs (26. 2. 00. 27), Wooden Female Fetish (?) Figure, painted (26. 2. 00. 28), Wooden Musical Instrument (26. 2. 00. 29), all from Sette Kama, Congo Frangais. Collected and presented by Mr. S. Smith, per Mr. A. Ridyard : — Ivory Horn (26. 2. 00. 37), Cameroons; two Baskets (24. 9. 00. 26-27), Cameroons; Carved Calabashes, with lids (24. 9. 00. 28-29), os and Cameroons; Wooden Fetish Head (24. 9. 00. 31), tnife, the handle in form of an animal’s leg (26. 2. 00. 32), Knife iade out of a spear-head (26. 2. 00. 35), Carved Bamber Staff used - storing stolen spirit (26. 2. 00. 38), Carved Wooden Stick 26. 2. 00. 39), two Carved Wooden Sticks (26. 2. 00. 40-41), all m Landana, Portuguese Congo. Collected and presented by Mr. O. Sonnenberg, per Mr. A. tidya d:—Large Wooden Fetish Figure (Mungarka), studded th nails, &e. (29. 5. 00. 21), Cacongo and Mayombi country; 64 MUSEUMS. named Lella;: Wooden Dance Mask (29. 5. 00. 23), Futa, Congo Francais; Box, containing a number of carved figures (29. 5. 00. 24), N’Kotte bitiva (between Futa and Loango): large Wooden Figure of a man on horseback (29. 5. 00. 25), Bembica, Lucalla River, Cacongo; large Wooden Male and Female Figures (29. 5. 00. 26), Bembica, Lucalla River, Cacongo; Wooden Figures of woman and child (24. 9. 00. 44), Lualli River, Cacongo. Collected and presented by Mr. J. D. Maysmor, Fernando Po, per Mr. A. Ridyard : —Basket (29. 5. 00. 27), Necklace of Coloured Beads (29. 5. 00. 28), two Anklets of Plaited Shells (29. 5. 00. 29-30), Bamboo Whistle (29. 5. 00. 31), all from the Boobys, Fernando Po. Collected and presented by the Rev. N. Boocock, Rio del Rey, per Mr. A. Ridyard: —Carved Wooden Head, ornamented with two protruding horns, worn by the chief person in the ‘Idem’ play (24. 9. 00. 36); Wooden Musical Instrument, ‘Nbutu’ (24. 9. 00. 37), Old Calabar. Collected and presented by Mr. F. R. C. Lutterodt, per Mr. A. Ridyard : —Sword, iron blade and carved wooden handle (24. 9. 00. 38), Kumasi, Ashantee. Collected and presented by Mr. J. H. Frame, per Mr. A. Ridyard:—Five small Fetish Figures (24. 9. 00. 39-43), Bali, Cameroons. Collected and presented by Mr. G. H. Greenhalgh, Boma, per Mr. A. Ridyard:—Wooden Figure of a Female and Child—a fetish (?) (26. 2. 00. 34), Boma; Throwing Knife (26. 2. 00. 35), Zandeh tribe, Upper Congo River; Spear (29. 5. 00. 52), Bangala, Upper Congo; Spear (29. 5. 00. 33), Welle River, Upper Congo. Presented by Mr. Mackay, per Mr. A. Ridyard :—War Knife (26. 2. 00. 36), Basoko, Upper Congo River. Collected and presented by Mr. Hugh Willhams, Batanga, per Mr. A. Ridyard:—Ebony Walking-stick (26. 2. 00. 42), Batanga; Head-dress, helmet-shaped, made of cloth and decorated with buttons (26. 2. 00. 48), Temboni River, Eloby; Knife (26. 2. 00. 44); War Axes, with engraved blades (26. 2. 00. 45-6), M’Pongwe Temboni River, Kloby; War Fetish of the Bulus (26. 2. 00. 47). MUSEUMS. 65 Collected and presented by Mr. G. W. Stokes, per Mr. A. Ridyard : —Cross-bow and Arrows (26. 2. 00. 48), Muni River, a Cane “Trap ae Ora. “fish (29, 5. 00. 8), Filehnae Wooden Mask, painted (29. 5. 00. 9), Batanga. Collected and presented by Mr. G. H. Ashton, Sette Kama, per Mi A. Ridyard:—Three Wooden Fetish Figures, found in a avern (29. 5. 00. 10-12), Bongo, Sette Kama; Carved Wooden ure (29. 5. 00. 13), Bongo; two Frames on which are partly oyen grass nite (29. 5. 00. 14-15), Bongo, Sette Kama. Collected and presented by Mr. H. Hirst, Landana, per Mr. A. ‘idyard : —Native carrying basket and strap (29. 5. 00. 16); three lative Combs (29. 5. 00. 17-19); Fetish ‘ Malella’ (29. 5. 00. 20), Il from Landana. Collected and presented by Mr. R. Patchett, per Mr. A. Ridyard: ~ar (24. 9. 00. 45); Harpoon, with loose iron head, attached by a to the centre of the shaft (24. 9. 00. 46); two Spears (24. 9. 00. _ a ae eat § by Mr. aX, eee Bot, per Mr. ¢ Called Sa presented by Mr. G. W. Christian, per Mr. A. idyard:—Large Drum (24. 9. 00. 50). Presented by Dr. E. J. Mettle, Accra, per Mr. A. Ridyard:— at (24. 9. 00. 55) of woven cloth, with pocket-like appendages of he attached to back and front. This ‘ Dania’ or life-coat was arly the battle of Katamansu. Presented by Dr. Ndward J. Large Basket (30. 1. 00. 2), covered with plaited and coloured 5: Mahomedan work, Niger River; Brass Plate, with punched igns (30. 1.00. 3), Niger River; Double Musical Instrument 1. 00. 4), and large Wooden Comb (30. 1. 00. 5), from the Niger er; purchased. “66 MUSEUMS. Carved Wooden Box (29. 11. 00. 14), Benin: purchased. Earthenware Water Vessel, richly ornamented (29. 11. 00. 15). Niger (?) district; purchased. Shield (17. 12. 00. 1) made of reed, Bania, Upper Sanga River, River Congo: Throwing Knife (17. 12. 00. 2), Bania; Shield (17. 12. 00. 8) of reed, Bania, Yangere, Sanga River; Money in form of a spear-head (17. 12. 00. 4), n’Timos, Lower Sanga; Throwing Knife (17. 12. 00. 5), Mobangi, Upper Congo River; Shield (17. 12. 00. 6) of reed, Mobangi, Upper Congo River: Money (17. 12. 00, 13) in form of an iron spear head, Lomani River, Upper Congo; six (17. 12. 00. 7-12) iron, brass, and copper hair-pins of various forms, Niam Niam; Shield (17. 12. 00. 14) of reed, Aruwimi; Wooden Tappa-beater (17. 12. 00. 17), Mombutto; Axe, with iron head (17. 12. 00. 18), Fan, Gaboon; purchased. East Africa : — . Painted Hide Shield (25. 6. 00. 1), and Spear (25. 6. 00. 2), Masat tribe; Painted Hide Shield (25. 6. 00. 3), and Spear with long iron head (25. 6. 00. 4), Chaga tribe; collected and presented by the Rey. H. ¥. Gordon. Polynesia.—New Zealand :— Stone Adze Head (29. 5. 00. 37), found at Lake Tuakitoto, New Zealand, presented by Mrs. Drewe. MONGOLIAN RACE. America.—South :— Dug-out Canoe and two Paddles (30. 1. 00.1), Iquitos, Amazon River, presented by Consul BE. D. Adamson. s.s. “* Bolivar.” North : — Collection of Stone and Flint Pounders, Arrow-heads Hammers (29. 11. 00. 27-34), from Tennessee, U.S.A., presented by Mr. Robert Craig. Sled MUSEUMS. 67 3 Selection of Stone Mauls, Flint Scrapers and Arrow-heads, Metal Arrow-heads, and Horn Ladle (29. 11. 00. 1-26), from Calgary, Canada; purchased. Flint Hook (17. 12. 00. 26), Virginia, U.S.A.; purchased. Two Photographs (29. 11. 00. 16-17) of Shanghai silk culture and Chinese weaving; purchased. rere acquired by purchase:—Ancestral Statuettes in wood; tlass; Sword in wooden sheath; Bracelet made from the shell of acna gigas; Neckring, ‘ Kalabulo’; Head Ornament—a band en on which are sewn hat-like shaped silver ornaments; Shield f wood bound with cane; Woman’s Stick, inlaid with lead; den Shield, the front covered with leather; Drum; Iron Helmet Plumes; Harness and Helmet of plaited arenga fibre; Iron tions at Abydos, presented by the Committees of the Egypt ation Fund and Research Account. SUMMARY OF ACQUISITIONS HENRY O. FORBES, Direcror. need of some enlargement of the Gallery to be more than ever apparent. Unless some addition is made to the hanging space in - future it will be necessary to store many of the works of h armonious grouping more and more difficult, and in rn case of Sculpture any classification and chronological sequence is impossible During the year there have been a large number of applications for permission to reproduce the more important works in the collec- , and these have, in nearly all cases, been granted on the usual ferms—an agreement being signed and a nominal fee paid in ¢ -knowledgment of the Committee’s property in the several copy- s. The Committee have also arranged with Messrs. Eyre and iswoode, the King’s printers, for the publication of a number of ductions of the pictures, which will be printed in carbon, motype and other media. The same firm have also, by arrangement with the Committee, repared and published an Illustrated Catalogue of the Permanent slle ction, which contains thirty-five reproductions, and is a marvel cheapness, and admirable process work. The Catalogue has been shy appreciated, and is meeting with a ready sale. The portance of the City Collection is shown by the fact that the blishers have issued Catalogues of the National Gallery, the Tate TO ART GALLERY. The Autumn Exhibition (the thirtieth held under the auspices of the Corporation) was in every way a gratifying success. The works exhibited were remarkable for an average of high quality. The interest and attraction of the Exhibition was not confined to the large rooms, but all were rendered important by the display of admirable works. The usual issue of invitations to the Private View was greatly curtailed this season, it being found that many to whom these invitations were sent did not support the Exhibition by subsequent payment for admission, or by purchasing season tickets. This policy appears to have been fully justified by the fact that during the year there was an increase in all the items for admission, the sale of season tickets advancing from 2,614 to 5,006, and in the shilling, sixpenny and threepenny admissions there was a total increase of £150) 17s. 3d., while 570 more catalogues were sold. The Exhibition was opened on the Private View Day by the Right Hon. Louis $8. Cohen, Lord Mayor, when there was a large attendance. Resvuuts or tHe AvtumN Exnrpirion or Picturss. 1900. 1899. SoS: a £ Sad Number of Works of Art Exhibited 1,566 — 1,553 —- Number of Pictures sold ................. 175 _ 172 — Amount of sales at Cataiogue prices —— 8,508 14 6 — 8,089 2 6 Season Tickets sold .........csseeeseeceeers 3,006 54119 6 | 2,614 482 13 6 Admissions at One Phulling <<. 2s.s0ceses 28,623 | 1,481 3 0 | 27,265 | 1,363 5 @O Gixpence -.05cecciores: 19,942} 49811 0 | 18342 45811 0 Threepence .............. 15,122 189 0 6 13,285 166 1 3 Catslortes Sold... sisscceengeftencaresssnabs 19,223 | 501 7 O | 18,653 493 0 6 Commission on sales .......0s0......080- — | 277, 14. 4 —- 197 0 7m Miscellaneons Receipts ...0-- €T 666 9 L 69 € FT 61S 9 0 GEG O GI 9961 | F881 Ee 9 OF GAS | 900 | F G GETE | OLD BE |O I 80F 6 GT PEP 9 € TSE € LI F0€ 0 8 &L6 O T B08'T | S88T - 9 € 998A | 1TTE |8 8 96EE | ITT &@ 6 & 9S 9 FE GLP 0 T 9OLP 0 OL GEE 9 € 662 0 € OFT | Z88T a O IT O1@sL | stg | 6 FT escie |9 6 ST 19 L §&¢ 6 GI 89F O FT GLP 9 F OLE 9 £ 686 | 0 S&T PEF T | T88T Ger SEG) Tis Dita eok wows (le skT- Or | & PPG € 4 G6OG 0 9T 66F 9 GL GEF 9 F PLZ O TL 6PPT | O88T 0 GT 6ST'G6 | 493 |0 GST osse |O ATL 1-0. 9T 98 & 6 0G 9 4 996 6 IT 8A€ DS Gle O ZI OTST | 6L8T 0 #2 Gec9 | SE | OL 24 GST? |F-0 GPE | O EL.LE6 9 8 GOS {9 PFT 82S 0 ¢ &&F 9 6 OFF 0 LT F96'T | SL8T 0 IT 9601 | Tog | 8 Fr TOS |G F SI & IL 4g¢ I OF PSF | O FT SPP € § 6IF a O GI 8a6'T | LL8T 0 OL 498'8 | Sco | OL SI 6OFZ | 4 OL G @ GI OFF OSGI -1l0E |0 T Tea 9 L G8 9 6 98 10 0 8ITT | 9L8T ; 9 SL G60GI | SFE | IT AT 907% |G 6 IT 0 § LI9 € #1616 |0 4 OF O FT LEZ opmey heyy 10 SL 646 GLET 0 &. #1S'6 r 9 SL9L6T |O0 L & € 0 GLP 9 0 LH | 9 OT TST € &L [te ok O 9T #98 FLT JT COr ek “TAG. | Ger 99ST | 0 01s O AT TLE 9 LT 66% |9 8 96 € OL 62% za 0 8st 999 6L81 Ope 1S 0 boro ale. (S (SOerrs "6 oles 0 9 GIs 9 0 s9r '9 9 6¢ 9 &G SF 9'6 GIT ,.10 &. 109 | CAST 9° 6 G6eo | cso-|F S Sect |r F OF 9 St Ose | 0 OT SOT 0G 689 9 FI L0G a 0 OL OBL TLSI psf | “on pS F po 8 F | on ae ep noe pos Ff ps F : =f “PIOS Secu soanyorqd wo ” Tee es TO pepe iwD 17 JUN.1904 ee oa _FORTY-N INTH _AN N UAL “REPORT OF. THE COMMITTEE Bs = a i OF TRE PPUBLIC LIBRARIES, : ex fo (x MU SEUMS, AND oY THE ke we LIVERPOOL, iy) -t~ j FORTY-NINTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE MUSEUMS, | ART GALLERY, CITY OF LIVERPOOL, “TOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st PDEcEMBER, 1901. 1902, COMMITTEE (AN D’ ‘OF FICERs for the Year 1901-1902. THE RIGHT HONOURABLE CHARLES PETRIE, J.P., LORD MAYOR. Committee : ALDERMAN SIR WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, D.L., J.P., CHAIRMAN. ROBERT D. HOLT, ESQ., D.L., J.P., DEPUTY CHAIRMAN. EDWIN BERRY, ESQ., LIEUT.-COL. A. H. BROWN, M.P., ALFRED S. COLLARD, ESQ., ALDERMAN A. COMMINS, LL.D., ARTHUR CROSTHWAITE, ESQ., J.P., WILLIAM DENTON, ESQ., WILLIAM EVANS, ESQ., J.P., J. HARRISON JONES, ESQ., Chief Fibrarian: PETER COWELL. Deputyp-Fibrarian: THOMAS FORMBY. Director of Museums : HENRY O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S. Assistant Curator of Derby Museum: JOSEPH A. CLUBB, M.Sc. Assistant Curator of Raver Museum: P. ENTWISTLE. Eurator of the tilalker Art Gallery: CHARLES DYALL. Assistant Eurator, Walker Art Gallery: ARTHUR G. QUIGLEY, | COLONEL W. H. WALKER, M.P. MORRIS P. JONES, ESQ., J.P., | JOHN LAWRENCE, ESQ., JOHN LEA, ESQ.,J.P., ALD. M. HYSLOP MAXWELL, Jr., J.P., WILLIAM PERMEWAN, ESQ., M.D., HERBERT R. RATHBONE, ESQ., ALDERMAN J. N. STOLTERFOHT, GENERAL REPORT. The exhaustive report of the Chief Librarian renders it year beyond directing attention to the satisfactory growth which ese figures indicate, of the popular appreciation of our public facilitates for reading and study. We have successfully introduced open bookcases containing new and popular works, from which readers can select books without going through the usual book- der formula. These have been greatly appreciated, and have had good effect of supplanting to some extent the casual reading of lagazines. Very much of the success of our Free Libraries is due to the nterest which our officers take in facilitating the work of readers, n indicating to them the best books in any particular line of study r research, and in encouraging among our young readers the slection of books of travel, of scientific research, or of standard lassics, in place of light literature or magazines. Reading is ely a matter of habit and education; perhaps the greatest hich the prevailing fashion of “ paragraph writing” does so much foster and encourage. If, says the young reader, I can get y scientific facts summed up in a paragraph of two dozen lines, hy should I read a whole thesis? little thinking that the paragraph no sooner read than forgotten, and what we want is not the ase nt entertainment of the moment, but the accurate knowledge ich will be our possession for all time. he Reading Rooms for Women and Boys have proved a great cess, and it is pleasing to find so many boys and girls making > of these rooms during their holiday time. Ch \e new Toxteth Library is approaching completion, and promises be a model Library in its various arrangements, The Wavertree 4 GENERAL REPORT. Library is also making satisfactory headway. We have still to build a Library at West Derby, which the Committee is anxious to start at the earliest moment our finances will permit. The Museum Galleries are now completed, and our collections are in process of arrangement for exhibition. This will necessarily take — some time but as the various sections are completed they will be thrown open to the public. The Permanent Picture Galleries grow in interest and attractive- ness; and our last Autumn Exhibition worthily maintained the great reputation which these exhibitions have hitherto achieved. WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, CHATRMAN. LIBRARIES. 5 LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. Curer Liprartan’s Report. The statistics of the Libraries and Reading Rooms show that their popularity during the past year has in no way diminished. The total issue of bound volumes numbers 1,636,292: being an increase ol 150,768 over the issues of last year. Of magazines, reviews, and periodicals of various kinds, the issue was 712,321, which shews a falling off of nearly 16,000. The number of persons who have con- sulted the newspapers are estimated at 652,465, and if to these figures we add the total of those persons who took advantage of the series of Free Lectures given at the different centres, some idea will be obtained of the work directed by the Library Committee during a single year. Large as are these issues of books and magazines, they would have been much larger but for the closing of the Picton Reading Room during a whole month for painting and cleaning. It here be mentioned that it is thought the Reference Library sties of books issued are adversely affected by the recent innova- made at the suggestion of the Chairman, Sir W. B. Forwood, placing in the Picton Reading Room a large selection not only of rence books, but of the new books added from week to week to Library, so that they can be consulted at pleasure without the nality of asking for them in writing. This has given great ction to readers, and no less satisfaction to the management, uch as no losses as yet have been sustained of these particular The fluctuation in the class of books read by readers always Dssesses a certain amount of interest, though reasons for them not always be satisfactorily adduced. Taking the Picton Reading om to represent the student readers (as. books oF a aan Pied of Theology and Religion, 400 under Raion eho d Mathematics, 800 under the Fine and Mechanical Arts, 3,000 der Philology, Education, and Foreign Languages, and 400 under i. atin and Greek Classics. On the other hand, Natural History 6 LIBRARIES. shews an increase of some 700 volumes, History and Biography 1,500, Travels, Topography, Gazetteers, &., 2,700, Politics, Law, &c., 900, Poetry and Dramatic Literature 800, and works of General Reference 1,800. A more satisfactory proof of the growing popularity of the Reference Library is exemplified by the fact that 5,714 more persons used the Reference Library last year than in 1900, and this, notwithstanding the somewhat lengthy period it was closed. The completion of the new scheme of heating and ventilating the Brown Library enables readers and staff to fully appreciate the improvement effected in both respects. No part of the institution has so thoroughly tested the efficacy of the new system as this; and with results which leave little doubt of their important bearing on the health and comfort of all concerned. The cataloguing of the art books presented by the late Mr. Hugh Frederick Hornby is being steadily proceeded with. As the majority of the books are unique in character by virtue of their extra plates, autograph letters, or artistic bindings, the work is necessarily slower than ordinary cataloguing. | Such a collection of books deserves to be dealt with in a manner every way commensurate with its value and importance. There was held in the Reference Library during the year another of those exhibitions of books, prints, and drawings which have given so much pleasure and revealed to the citizens of Liverpool what a valuable and interesting property they possess in their Publie Reference Library. The exhibition was open two days, and was attended by 5,400 persons. The acquisition by the Committee of a collection of autograph letters, deeds and other documents connected with the Moores of the Old Hall, Oldhall Street, and later of Bankhall, is a matter of much importance, and deserves prominent mention in this report. The Moores were the family par excellence of Liverpool for nearly 500 years. We find a Sir John de la More living at the Old Hall as early as 1236; and, in the time of Edward I., Richard de la More and John de la More represented Liverpool in Parliament. Sir Peter de la More was Speaker of the House of Commons in 1377; while Colonel John More was Governor of Liverpool Castle, 2 LIBRARIES. ¥4 defended the town when. it was besieged by Prince Rupert in 1644, and he was one of the signatories to the death warrant of King Charles I. The office of Mayor of Liverpool was filled by members of this family forty times between the reign of Edward III. and the middle of the 17th Century, Colonel More, the regicide and uncom- promising Cromwellian, being the last Mayor of the family. Their estates in and about Liverpool were extensive, and would now have Deen of immense value. Moor Street and Moorfields perpetuate the fam ily name; and Bank Hall and Oldhall Street their residences. These documents number 1,194 items, and are a valuable contribu- tion to local history. _ The books issued from the Lending Libraries during the past year amount to 1,060,472 volumes, being an increase of 90,852 over the revious year. Of this number 889,511 were borrowed for home ing, and the balance were read in the reading rooms attached to the several branches. Beyond a decrease of some 600 volumes in Theology and Religion, and very small decreases under the heads of ‘Latin and Greek Classics, and Education and Languages, the other classes show marked increases. Prose Fiction aggregates to itself a little more than half of the total amount, and books for the young, 1 wh perch are largely story books, 20,000 volumes. The other principal nereases are Technical books 13,000 volumes, History and Biography . 4,000, Natural History 2,000, Commerce and Political Hconomy 2,000, and Travels 1,200. The issue of music numbers 21,659 : Bi, shewing an increase of upwards of 2,000. As it is onable to assume that the books borrowed for perusal at home we in many cases more or less read by other members of the family than the immediate borrower, the figures indicating the issue of se books may fairly be considerably multiplied when compared ith the figures indicating those read in the public reading rooms. The new Toxteth Branch Library approaches completion, and the g promised library, with its commodious reading rooms for men, men, and boys, will soon be an accomplished fact. Architecturally Minilding i is already a decided ornament to the locality; and its sefulness goes without saying. It is hoped that by the Ist of lugust the Library will be opened to the public, and its benefits lade apparent. 8 LIBRARIES. In the last report it was said that plans for a similar Library in Wavertree were “in preparation.” This Library is now in course of erection, and will, it is hoped, before the year is past, have entered — upon its mission of education. West Derby calls for attention next, and this the Committee are fully prepared to give as soon as the Librarian and his staff have got the two Libraries in course of erection in working order. The purchase of books, their cataloguing, arrangement, and other details necessary to insure success and efficiency mean considerable time and attention by persons familiar with such special work. The free lectures given in the Picton Hall, William Brown Street, and in halls in various other parts of the City, were increased in 1900 to 116, and the same number was again given during the year just closed. Of the appreciation of these popular and instructive lectures by the general public there is ample evidence in the 54,068 persons who attended them. A list of subjects and lecturers will be found embodied in the report. The blind of Liverpool still have in Miss Mary L. Hornby a kind and energetic friend. Her many gifts to the Library during the past few years of books for the blind testify to her thoughtful con- sideration for their mental needs; while the typing under her direction of such books as are bright and entertaining in style and character and modern in subject, evince her wisdom and sympathy with their somewhat isolated position. The following titles indicate some of Miss Hornby’s more recent gifts: —Doyle’s “ The great Boer war,” Fitchett’s ‘How England saved Europe,” Keane's “The far north,’ Haggard’s ‘‘ Swallow,’’ Stevenson’s “St. Ives,” Merriman’s “With edged tools,” Ruskin’s “Sesame and lilies,” &. The pro- vision of books for blind readers was inaugurated in connection with these Libraries so long ago as 1859. Since that date considerable additions have been made, both by gift and purchase, to the collec- tion, which is now probably the largest in any public library in the country. LIBRARIES. TABLE I. Reference Library. cron Reapinc Room: BPONAINCS ISSUEM... 22.12... tectsecsssercneeseces AZINES ANA REVIEWS ....6eeceeeeeceeeeere thly and Weekly Magazines ......... trated Papers, issued in volumes The Graphic,” ‘“ Illustrated ndon News,” “Punch,” &c.) ...... Liprary READING Rooms: es issued Mes and Reviews ..........cessssceee- s to the Newspapers .........00600 z vening Reading Rooms. papers, Magazines, and Reviews...... Volumes | issued. 106,686 | Weekly, &e. Magazines issued. 135,594 230,087 131,549 | 161,877 53,214 | | | 712,321 ) Visitors. 303,515 | 104,748 114,274 44,816 85,112 652,465 SUMMARY OF STATISTICS OF LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. | Newspaper _ Lecture ; Attendance. : a 10 Comparative Statement of issues in the Picton Reading Room :—- Shewing the number and classification of works contained in th LIBRARIES. TA Bim ple. Classification. 1901. 1900. Theology, Morals, and Metaphysics ... Sie ae 15,155 18,421 Natural Philosophy, Mathematics, &c. ee one 19,412 19,838 Natural History ... ahs an ba ne a4 8,518 7,793 Science and the Arts ... ats aN a sat 41,052 41,863 History and Biography, &c. ... a nae ars 23,722 22,145 Topography and Antiquities ... : st Sn 10.049 9,151 Voyages and Travels, Gazetteers, ee set cf 22,482 20,691 Collected Works, Essays, &c. wok it. a. 49,862 | 49,748 Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics ee = 6,792 5,886 Commerce, Political Economy, Social Science, &c. 9,003 9,129 Education and Language ... anh i i 17,437 20,653 Poetry and Dramatic Literature 5a as — 10,851 10,063 Latin and Greek Classics Ect i Fad. 2,339 2,730 Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, &c. ... a ah 10,218 8,422 Totals ae as ee See 246,892 246,533 Shewing an increase over 1900 of 359 volumes, TABLE Itt. Reference Library : — Classification. Theology, Morals, and Metaphysics Natural Philosophy, Mathematics, &c. Natural History Science and the Arts History and Biography, &c. Topography and Antiquities Voyages and Travels, Gazetteers, alae Miscellaneous Literature (principally collected W orks, Reviews, Societies’ Proceedings, &c., in volumes) Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics ie Commerce, Political Economy, Social Science, Ue! Education and Language ... Poetry and Dramatic Literature... Prose Fiction ... : Latin and Greek Classies and draneiditons Encyclopedias and Works of General Reference Total .. Eeayel Volumes. 8,252 3,318 6,720 16,340 14,835 6,755 6,099 29,618 9,845 2,827 2,066 4,610 5,787 1,053 4,512 . 122,587 LIBRARIES. 11 TABLE IV. LENDING LIBRARIES. GENERAL STATISTICS. Volumes issued, Se. Central,‘ verton | pee ong palton jSefton ark! Total. | : | STi any een ie ae Ga OS ie Pa mes issued in Lend- | x Departments ......... oe 159,775 145,766 168,919 105, 019 77,773 889,511 mes issued i "3 General | ling Rooms............ —_ 48,922 — | 42,989 , 17,279 oo 99,190 ! issued in Ladies . Biniasinrss'sesawcacces| —= 1,741 — 11,979 -- —- 13,720 nes issued in Boys’ Seen avs cebsccteersl —_ 28,139 teas 29,912; — _— 58,051 | issued in | Reading Rooms —_ 92,455 — {100,847 | 53,214 — |246,516 issued in ) FELOOWIS ..0c0secesce — 36,037 — 16,340 =a HM aa 52,377 ssued in Boys’ | | | - oo: ACB Beene i) = 33,385 — | 14362); — | — 47,747 ) | | Readers in ) Reading Rooms — 107,227, — | 96,670 44,816 — 248,713 r Readers in| | SGOMNS 5 i...0.c00e! — 7,047 ues 8,078 —- — 15,125 ets issued ......... 3,569 1,826 | 1,764) 2,199 1,932 54 | 11,444 on the Books...... 6,858 3,688 3,587 4,687 2,540 1,797 | 23,152 i st or injured and . for by Borrowers ... 62 14 23 | 16 14 5 134 - | } | | st from Lending } Bee awinhs ts ss 3 2 4G 2; — -= 13 n from Reading ) ) ass wean eya0ts _— 7; =— | 4 — -- he $ worn out and ) AWM oe seeesseseeeeeeee 41 65 579 © | 91); =| } = 776 i } | worn out and } | ae 445 4 wae — | 1,246 ae 661 | 394 369 3,322 umes in Libraries 14,711 ~ 24 pss! 26,797 aie 16,578 | 7,196 5,067 | 95,043 | i | * Stocktaking in July ; it covers a period of two years. LIBRARIES. 12 GLP‘090'T OSTSPL g08'T 9L0‘T G61‘ F69 8Ps‘9 B6L‘9 O86‘6 e19‘e TL8‘9F OZL‘8T G26'S 12ST 899 LS» 8h0'6 T88 ‘ST 168‘6 ‘sOnsST 18707, T96‘OLT 868'GL coere BOSSE 0Z6'T 989% 8co'¢s cere) ac 6L0'0 $69‘ SPOT 909° L GL6 ‘OT LGL‘S POP GEE'S *SuIOO YT Furpueyy uy penssr T8407, 6LG'L BLT G8 66 L8§ 168 96T S&S T00'T TOL G09 89 “‘qounagy WOUTBAL O88'F8 906 § ‘SP 6IT GSP LT O86 POL 6L8 CGP GOS‘, CLP c99 OFS‘ Oss‘ f 6S0'T 6L9'T Boh “youragy uoysUISUEy ‘suLOOY Fuypeey i. : ‘| \ ‘OISN] JO SOUINJOA OOM GEO'TS 1290} SII JO « | GO8*8L ue 688| 6LL°L4 | 6TO‘SOT! | | SLp‘ec | cel‘on | — — = BOSS Tie te = Tes ~—s|:« OBL [tine a GGETT | 0O9‘T9D: GEZ‘89 | ZTS‘8s Gis | 820'F | L6G GE POST | 9OT'h | OST | 08 S0T's | B2a'9 | S66 | LTS STL‘T | 8Pr‘T | 98 GGL OOT'ZL | G6B'9% 169 166'@ Tess | 9B0°ST | SPT'T | 80F‘T LG8 PLO | OIF 9&P corp | ote‘ee | oge't | e2a's 16S‘G¢ | 989‘9F | S0‘E | ZTZ‘S Les'T | 986'9 | TOF | 089 ege's | LOL‘OT | 969 | 696'T B09'T | SLL | GOS $99 | Ruypuoy | 2 "youd ouloyy yourag | “qoutag UOPPAGL | AO] PONSST AV UOZJOS) WOFTTAL Ieqo, | | 616'89T L90°96 OFT 610 FIT 998 09S 896 COT LEP‘O 664'‘T TE9 LOG'F 1Z6'8 GOTT “yourag uoysuysuey 99L'SFT TLE‘0B GIT GGT‘66 68S 8LG 6L8 OGL 698'¢ 668'T 98P FOL'F BE0'L qouwag WIEIXOL “‘sqyuewjauded AuypueTy | GLL‘6ST 66T Te8‘LOT - 980'S FSP TOL 908'T G06 TL‘9 GIS B68 908‘¢ LG6‘L 964 899'T Cse‘T qouwag UOPIOA NT | 696‘ CES 806°T 686 L98‘€81 SFL‘T LIPS OTL LEP's 699'F 668'T 680'L 168‘°PT 98S GOSG‘E CESS “peaquep |eeeereeeeeeessgrtWEOS, see eee ee ewe neeeeeeee sunox ayy IO} syoog. Racaness saat aeee “pUITE, OY} 4OF Soo, Heese sonssnig yoouy pur aryury Seetetieeterestens YOU O8OL] “es QangRIaquy o1ryeurvaq, pure A190 gq treseesreseeses OOVNSURTT PUB UOLVBONpPHT AWMOUOOTT [ROTYTPO, puw oor9uTUMI0| | olod pur ‘Mery ‘eouopnadsrin ¢ jrreteeereeesees QIN ABIOGITT SNOOUL[IOST IN [stssseeseeeresereres STOABIT, PUB SOBBLO A Roreap opens sonmbyay pure Acdleutadeonn is Aydvasorg pure Ar0gstpy itieeeeteneesees gary ou} PUB OOTIOIDG Ravpapnennacytesvonssiens==Xne LIQGRTET WOUNAENT /soryeureyyeyy pur Aydosopryg [vane Ny “sorskydnqayy pur ‘speropy ‘Asofooy,y, | “UOTFROYISBBIO ‘A WTIava ‘penssl SaUINJOA JO UOTROYISSeTD oY} Surmoeyg LIBRARIES, BLE ‘VIL ~Shewing classification of Borrower Ev erton| Toxteth Classification. (Central. Branch, Branch. * | . ets, Builders, and Surveyors......... 24 | Ds) 9 , Photographers, and Draughtsmen 92 13 19 , Butchers, and Grocers ............066 61 85 70 nakers, Platers, and Riveters ....... 10> 6. 9 | nders, Printers, and Stationers...... | 153 / 53, 40 keepers, Clerks, and Agents ............ 2,482 | 404 | 533 | Shand Shoe Makers ..........scsscseeeeeeee ter LBS ere THE a OU MMEIIETS © ..0s-nns0sccccnnnsseesercrensseeseeonns 13 | 4 2 Tron, and Steel Founders ............ 21 4} 12 yers, Slaterers, and Masons ......... gah Maer 1 Ned 3h makers, French Polishers, &c....... 56 13 18 BEMESETIG ye) OUNOLS vss cvop doe oa o¥n'evaeces' 35 42 65 ts and Druggists ...........c.cceceeeeees 43 11 19 men, Doctors, and Lawyers ......... 70) AalT 14 Painters and Builders.................. 9 6 | 9 Waiters, and Waitresses ............. 36 | 6 6 ns’ Officers, Police, Postmen, &c..... 76) 55 61 BURSETVADES ; -0s-.n0s-d-encnst- SPB eee ee 38 10 9 GODS DBORG LE Jobat Sas Bader Coneee 26 9 2 s, Plumbers, and Gasfitters ......... 32; 26 36 p ifakers, Moulders, and Turners.... 9 he nak 28 Ph eictsraicjnden, soosapesttoerte oe} aCe hho veto! asters and Teachers .............s0008 233 | 162 65 BMGRScholars (fii. cctvs.scventes se | 121 | 489 95 hts, Riggers, and Sailmakers...... 3 | 6 12 MTFs see neice sacecstiee daca; Sk 6) 92] 44 BRMIMUSA DENS 05.5.0 .e00scncsseosssddpencds | 180; 22 20 | Mphists and Typists ..........ccecccccoes lta il at 36 | eS ate Bile ee ousemen and Storekeepers............ | 76} 49 56 nakers, Jewellers, and Opticians.... 21 ui 13 BTRER Cs tence sc bor scs css eve cccuwabenee 141 87 78 | pation (principally females)......... 1,812 | 1,683 1,714 z Totals.......+-++- | 6,853 | 3,688 | 3,587 S. Kensing- Walton! Sefton 18 ton Branch, Park Total. Branch. Branch. | 19 6 5 | 65 50; 5 12} 191 104 35 15 | 3870 12 Gr — 43 67 9 8 330 637 378 214 | 4,648 8 Bilge 98 53 ey == == 25 17 2 2 58 18 7 1 61 49 2 3) 141 56 22 | 7 | 297 28 6 6| 113 19 12 14 | 146 24 wiells 52 cv 13} 105 136 90 | 27 |- 375 Die ogee eescd ape t B8 63 12 32 293 97 32 21) 446 5 6, 15! 40 fall 2 32 11 3) — 54 Sale 1 30 23 20 | 2/ 51 16). 9}. (O4. 115 15) 26) 6 89 29} 10} 18] 198 100 | 183} 33 893 19} 4) 1} 48 46 | 2 | 4) 109 20 16; 18 91 55 Viele ti |) 73 17 3 le 2 72 9° i | 1 44 965 | 114 104] 943 293 | 141 | 114 | 1,253 CS Ry Se eae hy 12 8 4 66 74 10| 12)| 268 55 9 | 24 264 16 6 1 | 66 oF:|\, 42 4 | 287 ee Pa 79 a a 68 230) 94! 698 1,934 1, 177 904 | 9,224 a VII—EVENING READING ROOMS. | 1901. Attendance Average 4 per Night. orth Street Board Schools 25,325 83 Road Board Schools. ......... 45,629 151 on Road School ............... 14,158 46 | 85,112 | 280 4,687 2,540 | 1,797 23,152 1900. [ne Tae | Attendance. | fe Night. | 95,574 | 84 41,461 | 187 | 12,994 | 43 | 80,029 | 264 14 LIBRARIES, FREE LECTURES. . DELIVERED IN THE Picton Lecturer Hatt, January To Marca, 1901. Bacon, Rev. J. M., mwa., F.R.A.s. “In the track of a shadow: personal experiences of recent eclipses,’ with lantern illustrations. Buren, Frank T., F.r.c.s. “ Romance and reality at sea,” with lantern illustrations. Burstatt, rep. H., F.R.c.0., Cathedral Organist, Liverpool. “Mozart: a sketch of his life and works,’ with musical illustrations. CrowtTHer, Henry, F.R.M.s. ‘‘ The scenery, people and legends of Cornwall,” with lantern illustrations. Dispin, E. Rowpavtt. “The Magic Carpet: the natural history and philosophy of the world’s rivers,” with lantern illustrations. Fraser, J. Scorr, r.r.G.s. ‘The Nile Valley from Cairo to Thebes,” with lantern illustrations. GRENSTED, Rey. F. F., m.a., Diocesan Inspector of Religious Kdueation. “The dawn of astronomy,’ with lantern illustrations. Hay, ALFRED, B.sc., Lecturer on Electrotechnics, University College, Liverpool. “Electric tramways and railways,’ with lantern illustrations and experiments. Herworrn, T. C., r.c.s. ‘ Divers and submarine work,” with lantern illustrations. Kerarton, Ricwarp, F.z.s. ‘* Wild life at home: how to study and photograph it,” with lantern illustrations. Krarton, Ricuarp, F.z.s. “Peeps into nature’s secrets,” with lantern illustrations. Lez, Joun, B.a. “The poets of the Empire,” with illustrative recitals. McCuiiacu, Rev. H. H., B.a. ‘‘Mendelssohn in Liverpool, Chester, and North Wales,’ with musical and lantern illustrations, LIBRARIES. 15 Martyn, Rev. James H. “Cambridge: its colleges and literary memories,” with lantern illustrations. * Nevins, J. Ernest, m.z. ‘Indian famines,” with lantern illustrations. = RoTT, J. EpWarD, M.A., LL.D. “ Wolfe, a maker of Empire,” with lantern illustrations. PLUMMER, W. E., m.a., F.R.A.8., Director of the Liverpool Observatory, _ Bidston. “ The recent solar eclipse in Spain and Algiers,” with lantern illustrations. RUBSOLE, W. H., F.G.s., F.R.M.s. ‘“‘Swiss scenery, and its deter- mining causes,” with lantern illustrations. RUBSOLE, W. H., F.G.s., F.R.M.s. ‘‘ America’s Wonderland: the Yellowstone Park,’ with lantern illustrations. SLATER, Watrer. “The England of Alfred the Great,” with lantern illustrations. LEWorTH, THEO. H., v.t.s. ‘Jamaica, the Isle of Springs,” with lantern illustrations. Picton Lecrurrt Hart, Novemper anp DecEmMBEr, 1901. gANAGE, Rey. D. H. S., wa., v.s.a. “The friars and their work _ in the middle ages,” with lantern illustrations. coy, Miss. ‘“ Australia civilised,” with lantern illustrations. ’ ancuy, Miss. “ Australia: its savages and scenery,” with lantern illustrations. 4 on, Epwarp Pacer. ‘‘ Adventures in Mexico and Cuba,” with _ lantern illustrations. ’ AstToN, Epwarp Pacer. “‘ The lost races of America,” with lantern illustrations. iBsoN, R. J. Harvey, M.a., F.1.8., Professor of Botany, University College, Liverpool. “The building of a skeleton in plant and ~ animal,” with lantern illustrations. 16 LIBRARIES. Herpman, W. A., v.sc., F.R.S., Professor of Natural History, University College, Liverpool. ‘‘ Biological stations at home and abroad,” with lantern illustrations. Jounson, R. C., F.z.4.s. “ Total solar eclipses, 1851 to 1900,” with lantern illustrations. Lampert, Frepericxk. ‘The mammoth caves of Kentucky: the marvels of a subterranean world,’ with lantern illustrations. Mostey, S. L., ¥.£.s., Curator, Huddersfield and Keighley Museums. > “Bees and their wonderful work,” with lantern illustrations. THompson, Grorce EH. “ To Athens, Constantinople and Jerusalem,” with lantern illustrations. Wetts, Samvurt, F.R.G.s. “On the track of the Moors in Spain,” with lantern illustrations. Workman, Aubert I. ‘ Life and works of Sir Arthur Sullivan,” with musical illustrations. DELIVERED IN OvtrerR Districts, January To Marcu, 1901. Derpy Harri, TuEBROOK : — “The scenery, people, and legends of Cornwall,” by Henry CROWTHER, F.R.M.S.; with lantern illustrations. “The natural history of a piece of chalk,’ by Rev. SamvEn GASKING, B.A., F.L.S., F.G.S.; with lantern illustrations. “The phenomena of eclipses,” by W. E. PLUMMER, M.4A., F.R.A.S. Director of the Liverpool Observatory, Bidston; with lantern illustrations. “On the edge of the Orient: Dalmatia and Montenegro,” b SamvurL WELLS, F.R.G.s.; with lantern illustrations. Everton Brancn Liprary, Str. Dominco Roap:— “Divers and submarine work,” by T. C. Hepwortn, F.c.s. with lantern illustrations. “ Peeps into nature’s secrets,” by RicHarp Kparton, F.Zz.S.; Wl lantern illustrations, LIBRARIES. i _ “Wolfe, a maker of Empire,” by J. Enwarp Parrort, .a., LL.D.; with lantern illustrations. “The England of Alfred the Great,” by Watrer Statrer; with lantern illustrations. RANBY Hatt, GRanpy STREET, ToxTETH : — “Tn the track of a shadow: personal experiences of recent eclipses,” by Rev. J. M. Bacon, m.a., F.R.4.s.; with lantern illustrations. “Central Africans at home,” by Prerer Entwisttr, Assistant Curator, Mayer Museum, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. _ “#lectric tramways and railways,” by Atrrep Hay, B.sc., Lecturer on Electrotechnics, University College, Liverpool ; with lantern illustrations and experiments. “America’s wonderland: the Yellowstone Park,’ by W. H. ; SHRUBSOLE, F.G.S., F.R.M.S.; with lantern illustrations. on Memortat Instirvtr, GarmMoyLe Roap, Serron Park :— “The scenery, people, and legends of Cornwall,” by Hrnry ; CROWTHER, F.R.M.S.: with lantern illustrations. *“ Modern short stories and short story writers,” by Joun LEr, B.A.; with illustrative recitals. “Minute rock builders under the sea,’ by FREDERICK W. Saxpy; with lantern illustrations. * Swiss scenery and _ its determining causes,” bye WwW. A. _ SHRUBSOLE, F.G.S., F.R.M.S.; with lantern illustrations. bon InstiruTE, Srantey Roap:— “In the track of a shadow: personal experiences of recent eclipses,” by Rev. J. M. Bacon, m.a., F.R.A.S.: with lantern illustrations. “The story of some Liverpool street names,” by Perrr Cowett, _ -¥.R.H.S., Chief Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liverpool ; with lantern illustrations. 18 LIBRARIES. “In the Shakespeare country,” by Rev. James H. Marryn; with lantern illustrations. ‘‘ Here and there about Hungary,” by Samurnt WELLS, F.R.G.S.; with lantern illustrations. Harwecu Street Hatt, Watton :— “ What books were like in ancient times,” by Henry E. Curran, Principal Assistant, Free Public Library, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. : “The natural history of a piece of chalk,’ by Rrev. SamMvuE GASKING, B.A., F.L.S., F.G.S.; with lantern illustrations. “ Big telescopes, and what they show us,” by W. E. PLumMME M.A., F.R.A.S., Director of the Liverpool Observatory Bidston ; with lantern illustrations. JUBILEE Hatt, BURLINGTON STREET : — “Plymouth to the Lizard lights: sketches in Cornwall,” b ApoteH W. Beer: with lantern illustrations. “Some popular masterpieces of poetry and prose,” by ALFRE CLEGG: with illustrative recitals. “The Nile Valley from Cairo to Thebes,” by J. Scorr Fraser F.R.G.S.; with lantern illustrations. : “The English lakes revisited,’ by LLEWELLYN MorGAN, M.D. with lantern illustrations. Kensincton Brancn Liprary :— ‘ My visit to Naples, Pompeii, and Vesuvius,” by Perer CowrEu v.R.H.s., Chief Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liverpoo with lantern illustrations. “Travelling at high speed,” by H. S. Hete-Suaw, Lx.p., FR. Professor of Engineering, University College, Liverpoo with lantern illustrations. * Divers and submarine work,” by T. C. Hrerworrg, F.c. with lantern illustrations. “ Wolfe, a maker of Empire,” by J. Epwarp Parrorr, M. LL.D.; with lantern illustrations. LIBRARIES. 19. ‘LORENCE Institure, Mitt Srrert, Toxterx : — B.A.; with illustrative recitals. a Rivers and broads of Norfolk and Suffolk,’ by Rev. James H. a Martyn: with lantern illustrations. _ “ Big telescopes, and what they show us,” by W. E. Prum err, M.A., F.R.A.S., Director of the Liverpool Observatory, ; Bidston ; with lantern illustrations. “Life and works of Gounod,” by Arsert E. Workman; with musical illustrations. ‘own Hart, WaveRTREE : — “Antarctic exploration,’ by W. A. HxrpMan, D.sc., F.R.S., - Professor of Natural History, University College. Liverpool ; with lantern illustrations. “Wild life at home: how to study and photograph it,” by * Ricuarp KEARTON, F.z.s.; with lantern illustrations. “In the Shakespeare country,” by Rev. James H. Marryy; y with lantern illustrations. “The England of Alfred the Great,” by WatrEr Suarer; with lantern illustrations. OvrerR Disrricrs, OcropeR to Decemser, 1901. Mont Hatt, Betmonr Roap, West DEeRsy : — “The ‘Handy-Man’; or, life in the Navy,” by Roserr S. Arcurr; with lantern illustrations. English customs, superstitions, and folk-lore,” by Prrer Cowe tt, r.r.u.s., Chief Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. : The prose and verse of our county,’ by Joun Lex, B.a.; with illustrative recitals. “The Tower of London: some dark chapters of English history,” by Frank J. Lestin, ¥.2.G.s.; with lantern illustrations. 20 LIBRARIES. Everton Brancu Lisrary, Sv. Dominco Roap:— “The lost races of America,’ by Epwarp Pace Gaston; with lantern illustrations. “The dawn of astronomy,” by Rev. F. F. Grenstep, ».a., Diocesan Inspector of Religious Education; with lantern illustrations. ‘To Athens, Constantinople, and Jerusalem,’ by GrorcE EK. THompson ; with lantern illustrations. “Life and works of Sir Arthur Sullivan,” by Apert. FE. Workman: with musical illustrations. LorENCE InstirutE, Mini Street, ToxTern : — * Michael William Balfe,” by J. Butter Fortay; with musical illustrations. “The mammoth caves of Kentucky: the marvels of a subter- ranean world,’ by Freperick Lamprerr; with lantern illustrations. “Bees and their wonderful work,” by S. L. Mostey, rF-.£.s., Curator of the Huddersfield and Keighley Museums; with lantern illustrations. “To Athens, Constantinople, and Jerusalem,” by Grorcr EF. THompson: with lantern illustrations. GorpDon INSTITUTE, STANLEY Roap :— “The ‘Handy-Man’; or, life in the Navy,” by Roperr S. ARCHER; with lantern illustrations. * Experiences of residence among the Chinese and Japanese,” by W. Mcrray Catrys, M.B.; with lantern illustrations. ‘Optical illusions,” by Witi1am Hewirt, s.sc., Director o Technical Instruction, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations “Strange stories of great musicians,’ by Rev. H. H McCvuLiacH, B.A.: with musical illustrations. LIBRARIES. 21 by Hawi, Granpy Srreet, Toxrreru : — et Biological stations at home and abroad,” by W. A. Herpman, : D.sc., F.R.S., Professor of Natural History, University College, Liverpool: with lantern illustrations. “Siam and its people,” by Harry Hinrman; with lantern illustrations. “The application of photography to science,’ by W. LH. _ PiumMer, .a., F.R.4.S., Director of the Liverpool Observatory, Bidston; with lantern illustrations. “Old English inns and their story,” by W. Frrzwarer Wray; with lantern illustrations. FREGSON MuMoriay Instirure, GarmMoyLte Roap, Serron Park :— “ Australia civilised,’ by Miss Darcuy; with lantern illustrations. _* Through East Anglia with a camera,” by Luzwettyn Morean, M.D.; with lantern illustrations. “On the track of the Moors in Spain,’ by Samurn WELLs, F.R.GS.: with lantern illustrations. “Life and works of Sir Arthur Sullivan,” by Aberr I. Workman; with musical illustrations. E Hatt, BurLineron STREET : — “The ‘Handy-Man’; or, life in the Navy,’ by Roserr NS. _ Arcuer; with lantern illustrations. ‘ Normandy,” by Freppric Cuippory ; with lantern illustrations. “Michael William Balfe,” by J. Burter Forray; with musical illustrations. Gton Brancu Liprary : — Australia: its savages and scenery,” by Miss Darcuy; with lantern illustrations. ‘The Queen of British rivers: the Wye from Plinlimmon to _ Chepstow,” by Jonny W. Etuis, «8., F-e.s.; with lantern illustrations. 22, LIBRARIES. “The mammoth caves of Kentucky: the marvels of a subter- ranean world,’ by Freprerick Lampert; with lantern illustrations. “Bees and their wonderful work,” by S. L. Mostey, F.E£.s., Curator of the Huddersfield and Keighley Museums; with lantern illustrations. County Hatt, WALTON :— “To Sicily in search of sunlight,” by EK. Riwgavir Dispiy: with lantern illustrations. “The age of the Vikings,” by Rev. Cuarirs Harris, M.a.; with lantern illustrations. “Old English inns and their story,” by W. Firzwatrrr Wray; with lantern illustrations. “Minute rock builders under the sea,” by FREDERICK W. Saxpy; . with lantern illustrations. Town Hatt, WaAvERTREE : — ** What books were like in ancient times,’ by Henry E. Curran, Principal Assistant, Free Public Library, Liverpool; with lantern illustrations. ‘Adventures in Mexico and Cuba,” by Enpwarp PaGE Gaston; with lantern illustrations. * English cathedrals,” by Wurtiam Harvey; with lantern illustrations. * Travelling at high speed,” by H. S. Hetr-SuHaw, LL.D., F.R.S., Professor of Engineering, University College, Liverpool ; with lantern illustrations. DONATIONS. British Museum TRrvusTEEs : — Catalogue of the African plants, collected by Dr. F. Welwitsel in 1853-61, by W. P. Hiern and A. B. Rendle, vol. 1., pt. and vol. 2, part 2.; Catalogue of the collection of playin cards, bequeathed to the '‘l'rustees of the British Museum b the late Lady Charlotte Schreiber, compiled by Freeman LIBRARIES. 23 O'Donoghue; Catalogue of the Greek coins of Lyconia, Tsauria, and Cilicia, by George F. Hill; Catalogue of the Hebrew and Samaritan manuscripts, by G. Margoliouth, part 1: Catalogue of the mesozoic plants in the department of geology: the jurassic flora of the Yorkshire coast, by A. C. Seward, part 1; Catalogue of printed books, 9 vols. ; Catalogue of sculpture in the department of Greek and Roman antiquities, by A. H. Smith, vol. 2; Catalogue of the Sinhalese manuscripts, by Don Martino de Z. Wickre- masinghe; Handlist of genera and species of birds, by R. B. Sharpe, vol. 2; Illustrations of the botany of Captain Cook’s voyage round the world in H.M.S. Endeavour in 1768-71, by Sir. J. Banks, and Dr. Daniel Solander, part 2. Tue Ricur Hon. tHe Hart or Crawrorp snp BALCARRES, K.T., LL.D. : — _ Bibliotheca Lindesiana, first revision: Handlist of proclama- tions. Vol. 2: Victoria, 1857-1901; Supplement, 1521-1766 ; Collations and notes, No. 5: Catalogue of English newspapers, 1641-1666. . ‘OUNCILLOR WitiramM Crosrir£xp, J.P. :— _ Edinburgh review, 65 vols.; Quarterly review, 3 vols. miuip H. Hott, Esa. :— _ Punch, vols. 1-38 (1841-60); Egyptian Exploration Fund: archeological reports, 1898-99, 1899-1900. [iss Hornpy : — Santa Lucia: a monthly magazine in Braille type (12 nos.). [iss M. L. Hornsy : — Books for the blind in. Braille type (72 vols.). USTEES OF THE Huntrerian Corn CaraLtocurt Funp, Untiversiry oF GLascow :— Catalogue of Greek coins in the Hunterian Collection, University of Glasgow, by George Macdonald, vol. 2. | LIBRARIES. Mrs. Witiiam Morris: — Five leaves from the Kelmscott Chaucer. Epwarp Rein, Ese.— Hubert von Herkomer, r.a. : a study and biography, by A. L. Baldry. Edition de luxe, with plates in two states. 1900. Isaac Roxperts, Esq., D.sc., ¥.R.S. : — Photographs of stars, star clusters, and nebule, by Isaac Roberts. Vol. 2. SAMUEL Situ, Esq., M.P.: — The Graphic, 62 vols. (1869-1900). Messrs. C. E. anp C. STRETTON, C.E. : — Various books, pamphlets, magazines, and newspaper cuttings relating to railways and tramways, with special reference to early local railways. Unirep Stares GOVERNMENT : — Annual reports of the Department of the Interior, 1899-1900, 20 vols.; United States Coast and Geodetic Survey: Report, 1898-99; Special publications, vols. 1, 2, 4-6; Astronomical, magnetical, and meteorological observations, 1891-2: and 164 other works. Other Books and Pamphlets, Reports, &c., have been received from the following donors, for which the Committee again beg te express their grateful acknowledgments : — Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, U.S.A.; Agnes M. Allen; Messrs. Allman & Son; American Embassy, London (Hon. J. H. Choate); Ancient and Honourable Artillery Company, Mass., U.S.A.; J. Wemyss Anderson, C.E.; R. S. Archer; Argentine Republic Consul, Liverpool (F. P. Hansen); Astronomical Society of Wales; Australian Museum, Sydney, N.S.W.; W. E. A. Axon; The Publishers of Bacon-Shakespeare Pamphlets; T. H. Bankier; Colonial Secretary for Barbados (Hon. Ralph C. Williams, c.m.é.); Peter Barr; H. D. Bateson; J. S. Battye; Messrs. Bell & Son; Medical Officer of Health, Birkenhead (R. Sydney Marsden, p.sc., m.B.); Birkenhead Litera and Scientific Society; Birmingham University; Board of Trade, London; Proprietors, Bradshaw’s Liverpool Railway Guide; E. Bramley; J. O. Brant- LIBRARIES. 25 Sero; Brazilian Consul, Liverpool (J. C. da Fonseca P. Pinto); Mrs. M. A. Brewster; William Brideson; British and Foreign Bible Society; British Association for the Advancement of Science and Art; Agent-General for British Columbia (W. Walter); Ralph J. Broadbent; Miss E. Browne; T. N. Brushfield, mu.p., F.s.a.; National Museum, Buenos Aires: Councillor T. Burke; Burma Government; The Syndics of the Cambridge University ; Cambridge University Correspondence College; Canadian Government ; Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada; Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada; Medical Officer of Health for the County Palatine of Chester (Francis Vacher, ¥.R.c.s., M.R.c.P.); Cheshire Lines Railway Com- mittee; Chicago University, U.S.A.; Church Missionary Society for Africa and the East; Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce, U.S.A.; Cincinnati Museum Association, U.S.A.; Cobden Club; College of Preceptors, London; Messrs. Collingwood Brothers ; Colombo Museum, Ceylon; Messrs. Thomas Cook and Son ; Co-operative Union, Manchester; Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A.; Mrs. Annie Russell Cotes; Pierre de Coubertin; Peter Cowell, ¥.r.u.s. (Librarian, Free Public Libraries, Liverpool); E. S. Craston, mus.Bac.; Cripplegate Foundation, London; P. Cudmore, B.H.; Mrs. J. Rees Davies; E. Derry; Deering Harvester Co.; E. 8S. Dodgson; Albert Douglass; Dublin University; The Principal, Edge Hill Training College; Edinburgh University; Emigrants’ Information Office, London; P. Evans; Fabian Society, London; Fairmount Park Art Association, Philadelphia, U.S.A.; Financial Reform Association, Liverpool; M. Fitzpatrick; F. G. Fleay; Fleetwood Urban District Council; T. Formby (Deputy Librarian, Liverpool Free Libraries); Franklin and Marshall College, Baltimore, U.S.A.; Free and Open Church Association for the Diocese of Chester and Liverpool; John Frowde (Librarian, Bermondsey Free Library); L. Gallois; Harper Gay- thorpe, ¥.s.a.; General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen of New York, U.S.A.; A. George; T. Ginn; Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical College; Glasgow Atheneum; Glasgow University; Great Central Railway Co.; Great Eastern Railway ©o.; Great Northern Railway Co.; Great Western Railway Co.; James Green; Samuel 8S. Green; W. N. Greenwood, *¥.R.M.S. ; Gregg Publishing Co.; Messrs. Guy & Co.; 8S. Hadwin; Harold - Hamel-Smith; Hastings Meteorological Council; Prof. W. A. Herdman, v.sc., ¥.R.S.; Highland Railway Co.; Howard Hodgkin; C. R. Honiball; _ Howard Association; R. 8. Howland; Hull, Barnsley, and West Riding — Junction Railway and Dock Co.; Registrar and Superintendent of Records, India Office, London; Institution of Civil Engineers; Institution of Mechanical Engineers; International Arbitration and Peace Association ; Isle _ of Man Official Board of Advertising; IT. Hughes Jackson; Japanese Consul, London (Minoji Arakawa); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, U.S.A.; _R. C. Johnson, ¥.r.a.s.; J. B. Jowett & Co.; Rev. W. S. Lach-Szyrma, M.a. ; Union of Lancashire and Cheshire Institutes; Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Co.; Medical Officer of Health for the County Palatine of Lancaster (Edward Sergeant, m.p.); Messrs. C. & E. Layton; Leicester Literary and Philosophical Society; Mrs. C. L. Lewes. Library Reports, &c., have been received from the following Libraries:—Aberdeen. Aguilar, New York, 26 LIBRARIES. U.S.A. Carnegie, Allegheny, Pa., U.S.A. Higginbottom, Ashton-under Lyne. Aston Manor, Birmingham. Carnegie, Ayr. Enoch Pratt, Baltimore, U.S.A. Barrow-in-Furness. Battersea. Mayer, Bebington. Belfast Free Library. Belfast Library. Birmingham Free Public Libraries. Birming- ham Library. Blackburn. Blackpool. Bolton. Bootle. Boston, U.S.A Bradford. Brentford. Bristol. Brookline, Mass., U.S.A. Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic. Fletcher, Burlington, Vt., U.S.A. Buxton. Cambridge Cardiff. Carlisle. Cheltenham. John Crerar, Chicago, U.S.A. Municipal Library, Chicago, U.S.A. Newberry, Chicago, U.S.A. Public Library Chicago, U.S.A. University Library, Chicago, U.S.A. Cincinnati, U.S.A Cleveland, U.S.A. District of Columbia, U.S.A. Croydon. Dayton, Ohio, U.S.A: Derby. Douglas. Dundee. Ealing. Elizabeth, N.J., U.S.A Falmouth. Finsbury. Rothschild, Frankfurt-am-Maine. Fulham. Friends’, Germantown, Phil., U.S.A. Baillie’s Institution, Glasgow. Gloucester. Great Yarmouth. Grosvenor, Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. Hammersmith Hanley. Harvard University, Camb., Mass., U.S.A. Holyhead. Hornsey Hove. Hyde. Jersey City, N.J., U.S.A. Kidderminster. Imperial Univer sity Library, Kyoto, Japan. Royal Leamington Spa. Leeds. Leicester Limehouse. Liverpool Library. London Library. Los Angelos, California, U.S.A. Lowell, Mass., U.S.A. Manchester. Maranhao, Brazil. Middles- borough. Milwaukee, U.S.A. Nelson. Newark. Newcastle-wpon-Tyne New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Newton, Mass., U.S.A. Mechanics’ Institute Free Library, New York, U.S.A. New York Mercantile, U.S.A. New York Public, U.S.A. Norwich. Nottingham. Paterson, N.J., U.S.A. Peoria, Ill., U.S.A. Philadelphia Free Public, U.S.A. Philadelphia Mercantile, U.S.A. Carnegie, Pittsburg, U.S.A. Portsmouth. Preston. Richmond. Runcorn. St. Helens. St. Joseph, Miss., U.S.A. St. Louis U.S.A. Salem, Mass., U.S.A. Salford. Shoreditch. Smethwick. Adelaide, South Australia. Southampton. Stafford. Stepney. Stirling’s and Glasgow Public Library. Bibliotheque Royale, Stockholm. Stoke Newi ton. Tokyo, Japan. Toronto, Canada. Tynemouth. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Walthamstow. Washington Library of Congress, U.S.A. Waterloo-with-Seaforth. West Bromwich. West Ham. Westminster. Whitechapel. Widnes. Wigan. Wimbledon. Wolverhampton. Worcester. Worcester, Mass., U.S.A. York. Liverpool Institutions and Societie: Reports, &c., have been received from the following :—Amateur Photographi Association. Architectural Society. Asylum for Orphan Boys. Auxiliary Bible Society. Biological Society. Blue Coat Hospital. Central Relief 2 n¢ Charity Organisation Society. Chamber of Commerce. Chemists’ Associa- tion. Chess Club. Church of England Scripture Readers’ Society. Mission. Clerks’ Association. Council of Education. Deaf and Dumb Institute. Deutsche Evangelische Kirche. Diocesan Institutions. Distrie Provident Society. Engineering Society. Eye and Ear Infirmary. Femal Orphan Asylum. Geographical Society. Geological Society. Hahneman Hospital. Holy Trinity Ragged School. Horticultural Association Hospital Sunday and Saturday Fund. Incorporated Law Society. Infal Orphan Asylum. Infirmary for Children. Juvenile Reformatory Associ LIBRARIES. 27 tion. Kirkdale Voluntary Industrial (Day) Ragged School. Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society. Literary and Philosophical Society. Liverpool Institute. Marine Biological Society. Mersey Mission to Seamen. Microscopical Society. Naturalists’ Field Club. Peace Society. Penny Savings Bank. Penny Savings Bank Association. Phil- harmonic Society. Philomathic Society. Royal Infirmary. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Sailors’ Home. Savings Bank. School Board. School of Science, Technology and Art. Science Students’ Association. Seamen’s Friend Society. Seamen’s Orphanage Institution. Shipwreck and Humane Society. Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. Society of Friends of Foreigners in Distress. St. Andrew’s Waterside Church Mission. Sunday School Union. Training School of Cookery. Training Ship “ Indefatigable.”’ United Gas Light Co. United Trades and Labour Council. Workshops for Out-door Blind; Liverpool Cathedral Petition Committee; Liverpool Catholic Publishing Co. ; Liverpool Medical Officer of Health (E. W. Hope, m.p., p.sc.), Annual Reports; Liverpool University College; Liverpool University Com- mittee; London and North-Western Railway Co.; London Directory Co.; Neville Lynn; Messrs. Macdonald & Co.; Alexander McKenzie; Messrs. Maemillan & Co.; Manchester Cotton Association; Manchester Geological Society ; Manchester Microscopical Society; Manchester Museum, Owens College; Manchester Statistical Society; Manitoba Historical and Scientific Society, Canada; I’. P. Marrat; Messrs. Mather & Crowther; J. E. B. Mayor; F. Meeson; Minister of Public Instruction, Melbourne, Australia; Mercantile Marine Service Association, Liverpool; Mersey Conservancy; Mersey Docks and Harbour Board; Meteorological Council, London; Midland Railway Co. ; Messrs. Moody & Co.; Vice-Admiral Sir G. S. Nares, K.c.B., F.R:s.; National Anti-Vivisection Society ; National Association for the Promotion of Technical and Secondary Education; National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children; J. Birkbeck Nevins, m.p.; Agent-General for New South Wales, London (Henry Copeland); New York State Museum, U.S.A.; University of the State of New York, U.S.A.; Agent-General for New Zealand, London (W. P. Reeves); Nicholson Institution, Leek; North British Railway Co.; _ North-Eastern Railway Co.; Northern Counties Educational League ; Ontario Government Agency, Liverpool (Peter Byrne); Philip R. Owen; Owens College, Manchester; Delegates of the Local Examinations, University of _ Oxford; H. W. Parker; Messrs. J. & J. Paton; Comptroller of Patents, London; Registrar of Patents, Queensland; Registrar of Patents, Western _ Australia; Messrs. Kegan Paul, Trench, Triibner & Co.; Peabody Institute, _ Baltimore, U.S.A.; Messrs. Phillipson & Golder; Lieut.-Col. John Pilkington, , ¥F.s.A.; Messrs. Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons; W. E. Plummer, m.a., F.R.A.s. (Director, Bidston Observatory); William F. Price; Queen’s College, London ; Agent-General for Queensland, London (Sir Horace Tozer, k.c.m.c.); W. H. _ Quilliam; Ragged School Union, London; J. H. Rawlins; T. Mellard Reade, ¥.G.S., F.R.1.B.A.; Thomas M. Rickman, r.s.a.; Royal Astronomical Society, ~ London; Royal College of Physicians, London; Royal College of Surgeons, London; Royal Colonial Institute; Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society ; 28 LIBRARIES. Royal Dublin Society ; Royal Institute of British Architects; Royal National Life-boat Institution; Royal Observatory, Greenwich; Royal Society of Canada; Royal Society of London; Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Royal University of Ireland; W. Clark Russell; J. P. Rylands; St. Bride Foundation Institute, London; St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School. London; John Sampson; T. L. Schreiner; Henry Sell; Sheffield Museum ; Rev. Walter Sidgreaves, s.s., F.R.A.S.; Prof. F. M. Simpson; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A.; Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; Society of Accountants and Society of Antiquaries of London; Society of Antiquaries of Scotland; E. J. Burgess Sopp, F.R.M.S., F.E.S.; Messrs. H. Sotheran & Co.; South-Eastern and Chatham Railway Co.: Southport Meteorological Observatory; Richard Steel, s.r. ; Alderman J. N. Stolterfoht (Chairman, Libraries Sub-Committee, Liverpool) ; Swedenborg Society; Sydney University; Arthur E. Taylor; L. A. Taylor; College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo, Japan; ‘Town and County Directories, Limited; Trinity College, London; Union of Lancashire Auditors ; - and Cheshire Institutes; United Devon Association; Francis Vacher, F.R.C.s., M.R.C.P.; J. W. Vicars; Volta Bureau, Washington, U.S.A.; University College of North Wales, Bangor; University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, Cardiff; University College of Wales, Aberystwyth; University of Wales, Brecon; James Ward; W. F. Westbrook; Agent-General for Western Australia, London (Sir E. H. Wittenoom, x.c.m.c.); J. A. Wheldon; Henry Whillet; Messrs. Willmer Brothers & Co.; W. H. Williams; Wirral Railway Co.; Major A. C. Yates, F.R.@.8.; Yorkshire Philosophical Society; Zoological Society of London. Victoria University, Manchester ; The following Periodicals, Newspapers, &c. have been presented regularly by the respective Publishers, &c. :— Accountant African Review Anglo-Russian Animals’ Friend Arms and Explosives Awake Bibby’s Quarterly Bible Advocate Board of Trade Journal British Temperance Advocate Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers’ Journal Builders’ Reporter Canadian Gazette Canadian Patent Office Record Cape Argus Child’s Guardian Church Family Newspaper Church Missionary Gleaner Church Missionary Intelligencer Church Monthly Church Weekly Civil Service Aspirant Civil Service Candidate Civil Service Competitor Civil Service Hints Clubman Concord Cornish Telegraph Cowkeeper and Dairyman’s Journal Crescent Decorators’ and Painters’ Magazine Deliverer Educational Times Educational Review Electrical Engineer Electrical Investments Electrician English Churchman Englishwoman’s Review Esmeduna Estates Gazette Examination Guide and Kensington Coaching College Magazine Financial Reformer Fire and Water Foresters’ Miscellany Free Life : * * z “LIBRARIES. Fruit-grower, Fruiterer, Florist, &c. Gaelic Journal Guild Gazette Gwalia Herald of Peace Herald of the Golden Age Hereford Times Homeopathic World Horological Journal Incorporated Accountants’ Journal Incorporated Society of Musicians, Journal of In His Name India’s Women and China’s Daughters Inventors’ Review Insurance Agent & Insurance Review Trish Times Tron and Steel Trades Journal Isle-of-Man Examiner Journal of the Clerk of Works’ Association Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Keefe’s Civil Service Monthly Labour Gazette Leaves of Healing Liberty Review Lichfield Mercury Light Literary News Liverpool Catholic Times Liverpool College Old Boys’ Magazine Liverpool College Upper School Magazine Liverpool Courier (daily and weekly) Liverpool Echo Liverpool Express Liverpool Institute Schools Magazine Liverpool Journal of Commerce _ Liverpool Mercury (daily and weekly) Liverpool Porcupine Liverpool Post (daily and weekly) Liverpool Review Liverpool Y.M.C.A. Journal Locomotive Engineers’ 2nd Firemen’s Journal London Argus _ Machinery Market - Madame _ Mariner _ Midland News - Milling _ Mission Field Mona’s Herald _ Musical Herald Nature Notes New Century New Church Magazine New Ireland Review Nonconformist Musical Monthly Northampton Mercury Northern Counties Education League Magazine Oddfellows’ Magazine Official Journal of the Patent Office Oxford Chronicle Paper Maker Paper Makers’ Circular Patents Philatelic Chronicle Petroleum Review Personal Rights Journal Positivist Review Present Truth Preston Herald Printers’ Register Public Health Engineer Railway Review Ramsey Weekly News Reports of Patents, Design, and Trade Mark Cases Rescue Notes Rock Round World Sanitary Inspector Script Phonographic Journal Sheffield Weekly Independent Shipping World Shoe and Leather Record Society of Chemical Industry, Journal of Sphinx Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal State Correspondent Stationer, Printer, and Fancy Trades Register Stationery World Stonyhurst Magazine Student's Journal Temperance Chronicle Tool and Machinery Register Trade Journals’ Review Trade Marks Journal Travel Training Ship ‘‘ Mereury Magazine Two Worlds University Correspondent Vaccination Inquirer Vegetarian Messenger Western Daily Press Worcestershire Herald Zoophilist PETER COWELL, Curer Liprartan, > > 7 2, , wirt : ° vo Adee f «yer Ota 1 ty . rh ae Bet WALKER ART GALLERY. A quarter of a century has almost passed since the opening of the Walker Art Gallery. On September 6th next it will have attained its Silver Anniversary. The Curator regards this as a fitting time to place on record the results of its operations so far. Since the opening of the Gallery in 1877, the Corporation has acquired between seven and eight hundred works of art, including purchases, gifts, bequests and works deposited; the money value, estimated for the purpose of insurance, amounts to over £100,000. The Gallery having been built by the munificence of the late Sir A. B. Walker, Bart., and the pictures purchased being the outcome of the profits on Exhibitions, the whole, both the building and its contents, has been acquired by the City without cost to the ratepayers. The Collection is now esteemed as being the finest Gallery of Modern Art out of the Metropolis. The quality of the works acquired has attracted the favourable notice of the art world, and from year to year there has been a growing demand for privileges to reproduce examples in art magazines, &c., with the result that the Collection has attained a high reputation, not only in the United Kingdom, but on the Continent and in America. During the past year the Committee have granted permission for the reproduction of 110 works. Mr. Richard Brown, of Liverpool, has published a considerable number of carbon prints of the principal works, and Messrs. Eyre & Spottiswoode, of London, besides their Illustrated Catalogue of the Collection, have also published repro- ductions, by the “Rembrandt ” process, in various sizes, which are circulated throughout the kingdom through the medium of the printsellers. Messrs. Cassell & Co. have included coloured repro- ductions in their series of ‘The Nation’s Best Pictures,” and the publication, in monthly parts, of the “ Hundred Best Pictures,” by Messrs. Charles Letts & Co., includes works from the Permanent Collection. 68 ART GALLERY. A very gratifying result of the establishment of the Walker Art Gallery has been its influence upon other cities and towns in the United Kingdom. Following the example of Liverpool, 45 Art Galleries, mostly under Municipal control, have been instituted since 1877 (see list appended). Of this number, 18 hold annual Exhibi- tions. At the end of the Liverpool season a large number of works are transferred to other towns where exhibitions are held, and by these means additional facilities are afforded for the inhabitants to educate themselves by visiting the local Galleries, and the artists have a further opportunity of meeting with patrons among the wealthy of the respective districts. Most of the Galleries are con- ducted on similar lines to those of the Liverpool Gallery, and have very closely followed its forms and regulations. The Committee have at all times been willing to afford such information as might be useful to other Municipalities which have undertaken the erection g, material and colour of walls, with methods adopted for the hanging of pictures. of Galleries, both as regards construction, mode of lightin As regards the Liverpool Autumn Exhibition, the Committee have every reason to feel satisfied at the eminently successful results of their efforts to make it the most important in the Kingdom. Both locally and nationally it is regarded as only second to the Royal Academy itself, whilst as regards the artistic merit of the works exhibited, it stands pre-eminent. Rising artists look to admission . to it as a recognition of their art status, and those who have “won their spurs” are well pleased to avail themselves of the opportunity of seeing their productions in well-lighted Galleries, and amidst the most favourable surroundings. The large attendances at the Autumn Exhibitions (unprecedented in the provinces) and the number of pictures sold, prove that the public evince great interest in the annual collections thus brought together for their advantage and art education. During the past season the daily admissions, by single payment, numbered 61,816, in addition to 3,268 season tickets. Added to those visiting the Exhibition by payment, there were 10,516 pupils from the schools of all denominations, invited to inspect the collec- a ART GALLERY. 69 tion free of charge. The Curator is gratified to notice a marked improvement in the appreciation shown by those juvenile visitors since the opening of the Gallery. This is particularly noticeable among the School Board children and others of the poorer classes, whose conduct reflects the utmost credit upon those who have charge of their education. Perhaps the most gratifying feature of the operations of the Gallery has been in forming and improving the public taste in art. Since the opening of the Gallery 5,815 works have been sold at the ‘Autumn Exhibitions, and the purchases made by the public show that they have exercised good judgment in their selections. The same may be claimed for the Committees who have from time to time made purchases for the Permanent Collection. 126 Gallery pictures have been bought from the Autumn Exhibitions, and although some of them have been adversely criticised, the result has proved that laymen of artistic taste are as well fitted to judge of works of art as experts, who are at times narrow and limited in their views. The hanging space in the Gallery is quite inadequate for the proper display of the Collection, and it is to be hoped that an enlargement of the building will soon be made such as will enable the City Art treasures to be seen to advantage. CHARLES DYALL, CURATOR. 70 ART GALLERY. Visitors TO THE GALLERY. During the year the Gallery was open 310 days, excluding Sundays. The number of visitors was 433,854, or a daily average of 1,353. This total includes 65,084 visitors to the Autumn Exhibition, besides 14,477 pupils of schools of various denominations, who were admitted free. In addition, the total attendance on Sundays was 14,384, being an average of 423. Pictures LeEnvr. The following Works have been loaned to Exhibitions, &c., as under :— | } TITLE. ARYIST. LENT TO. pee ett s #2 | : ut “‘Torenzo and Isabella” ......... | Sir J. E. Millais, Bart.,, Glasgow International P.R.A. | Exhibition. SoVConnlworklir - asece.sascrnaeer snes J. Constable, R.A. ses “s ; 3: | KOM AHNCC > caata stn hretg scott cr naee | ‘D> Roberts, BoA. ..-.--+ “3 ; 3 FACS TINIMCr NISNU “ia-deasesaraase Albert Moore ..........- rd 3 ; a ‘© And when did you last see | W. F. Yeames, B.A. ... i : 3 your Father. ?”’ “‘Love’s Baubles”’..........+....+0 Byam Shaw..:::...0--0¢.. Venice International Art Exhibition. RTA. ROVODIG bebe sede sovente cob aeeer [HS DICESBGy RA. sataceres Nottingham Corporation. SCOT AIO OL WAT vias eaes castestee A Raed waged. vate nert sen | Widnes Corporation. “Faithful unto Death”’ ......... | Sir E. J. Poynter, | a sh | P.R.A. | “‘The Alps by Night” ............. | Wm. Stott, of Oldham.) Mrs. Stott, for special exhibi- tion of her late husband’s Works, in London. ‘‘And when did you last see | W. F. Yeames, r.a. ...| Whitechapel Art Gallery, your Father. ?”’ | London. ‘Lorenzo and Isabella”’ ......... Sir J. BE. Millais, Bart.,| Birmingham Corporation. P.R.A. ‘The Alps by Night”’ ............ Wm. Stott, of Oldham. Mrs. Stott, for special exhibi- | tion of her late husband’s Works, in Manchester. SIMU OF War vecepsscceronsas se AL SHRGO. R5Aq costs eters’ Oldham Corporation. ART GALLERY. REPRODUCTIONS. 71 The following privileges for the reproduction of Works in the Per- manent Collection have been granted during the year. In no ease is the privilege granted an exclusive one, the Committee reserving to them- selves the right to discretion :— APPLICANT. PICTURE. Henry Graves & Co., J. Caswall Smith ............ Be Ets VW PILES) ie cchls sc anaes ee re OKO DIG: iancsnda as opainces 39 tA eRe eee w eee eee Harmsworth Brothers...... WW. Blocksidge -...........--- Editor, ‘Black and White” G. Newnes & Co. . Dinos ss wits J. Bibby & Sons Tn fee ot tt ay |. eines naes dea gesellschaft ............ Dames Paton.......<...ps << 39 eee w ee ewn eee Be et, Wh... SUCK saan sein Cassell & Co., Lid. ....c02- ete ee PCT see eee PE NTUGNEBIUS —.......c.ccaces Cassell & Co., Ltd. ......... Stick abut) oe cemas ods a ee er Ge Temple,...........-..-. ee ee reer .| “ Maiwand—Saving the Guns” “Venus and Anchises ”’ “ A Summer Night ”’ SU Ambibch yale, susie Mateo dsscuna th ach axe “Ruth and Naomi”’..........00.+- ‘““The Expulsion of Adam and Eve’’ “ Maiwand—Saving the Guns” ‘©O Mistress Mine” ...:...:...4-2- ‘«The Punishment of Luxury ’”’ Ciel shay t7ts oii ie Reena core ere ne “ Ruth and Naomi’’..........::-- “Model of Dudley Castle ”’ BOTY E UGG, Mid nnn, taanlacach mmc aree FOO) Mastress Mime? ses ciigas.% Jos ‘* Venus and Anchises ”’ ‘Don’t ’ee tipty toe”’ ‘< Ruth and Naomi 7” ....2:....c0 0 COBAIN ANN Sa. ceeesecsozdeepeeel = ociss = “One of the Family”’ ............ “And when did you last s your Father?” “A Summer Night ’’..........:.... “And when did you last see your Father?” ‘* Maiwand—Saving the Guns ”’ Se Rvthy amnd: NAOMI 7 oo ce aces ou Se EDULEL 30k 6 shad Stein emma bo ode oe “Jephthah’s Daughter ”’ ** One of the Family ’”’ SE BENE VOTIC 0 afae aaoy ed one's -yadde oes “The Progress of Intemper- ance’’ fOove's Baubles,”?......... 0002.00: ‘*A Nautical Argument ’’......... “The Best of Husbands’’ ...... * \\ hen the Children are Asleep”’ EPVIGDHEVICSS 6 ts feast Socveny -csbecsumeees aces pena dines 70,253 ee | Re ee | | | Hotala Siam ec vessel 1,717,607 | 782,791 | 746,075 | 70,253 Oe LIBRARIES. 9 TABLE II. Comparative Statement of issues in the Picton Reading Room :— Classification. 1902. 1901. Theology, Morals, and Metaphysics ... ee oh 90,423 15,155 Natural Philosophy, Mathematics, &c. _... ee: 26,490 19,412 Natural History ... sae Ste Sor Se ae 12,339 8,518 Science and the Arts ... ee Se sa ne 46,327 41,052 History and Biography, &c. ... ar se + 26,149 23,722 Topography and Antiquities ... For &s oe 14.501 10,049 Voyages and Travels, Gazetteers, Atlases ... Bay 28,499 92,482 Collected Works, Essays, &c. 5 ane ae 47,502 49,862 Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics ... : ee 10,355 6,792 Commerce, Political Economy, Social Se &c. 19,,°759 9,003 Education and Language ... aie a ope 18,488 17,437 Poetry and Dramatic Literature He sit ae 14,704 10,851 Latin and Greek Classics a ae a aoe 2,813 2,339 Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, &c. ... sie aie 14,180 10,218 Totals aus au oe oe 295,529 246,892 Shewing an increase over 1901 of 48,637 volumes. TABLE III. Shewing the number and classification of works contained in the Reference Library : — Classification. Volumes. Theology, Morals, and Metaphysics... ane ea cig ue 8,309 Natural Philosophy, Mathematics, &e. ... ae ae “et aa 3,440 Natural History at om Ate sot 34 5 ee svete 10,887 Science and the Arts so ane fn “oe oe Bt .. 16,753 History and Biography, &c. ae ARG a =a =. sxe) LD,0T6 Topography and Antiquities ae me is = aig Tee 6,082 Voyages and Travels, Gazetteers, Atlases... 2 se 6,170 Miscellaneous Literature (principally collected Works, ee Reviews, Societies’ Proceedings, &c., in volumes)... ee BO Ane: Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics aes ee a i ... 10,092 Commerce, Political Economy, Social Science, Ws aus cat ae 3,022 Education and Language ... ee sie 5 ai ee gee ARLaO Poetry and Dramatic Literature... see ote ia = .. 4,699 Prose Fiction ... Pp : ae i: age ot me tayits: Latin and Greek Classics cna iy ips dor te aes ee ay) Encyclopedias and Works of General Reference =k AE eae 4,600 Total ... ves ves s+» 125,206 10 LIBRARIES. TABLE IV. LENDING LIBRARIES. GENERAL STATISTICS. Toxteth Kensington, 25,568 Volumes issued, &c. Central. Uae Branch: Branch. || | 1 = ae | Volumes issued in Lend- | ing Departments ......... 229,498 150, 259 | 94,238 159,949 Volumes issued in General | Reading Roome............ — 59,355 46,731 . 52,489 Volumes issued in Ladies’ | FROOWISH ctootee ces maseecee -- 16,587 6,735 11,600 Volumes issued in Boys’ IROGITS os co) vas — 42,533 | 23,386 | 29,684 | Magazines issued in General Reading Rooms — 97,854 | 31,232 102,725 | Magazines issued in | Ladies’ Rooms ............ —— 26,449 82381 LSAT | | Magazines issued in Boys’ | dana) St) ee ae — | 30,898 5,920 18,469 | Newspaper Readers in | General Reading Rooms — 114,064 , 60,496 100,937 Newspaper Readers in Ladies’ Rooms ............ — 7,567 3,545 9,973 New Tickets issued ......... 3,488 1,831 2,662 2,268 Readers on the Books...... 7,057 3,657 4,426 4467 Books lost or injured and PUILLOLY sec 2e oss co se cetee s<7 37 30 22 44 Books lost from Lending Departments............0. 1 — 2 2 Books stolen from Reading TOOMS! .. .e.ceeeceett rare = 8 = 6 Volumes worn out and HUM TANWT scstspaceeseesseta 491 105 1,579 538 Volumes worn out and BEDIACEM cdccsopecesasvnee oe 285 365 =: 1,138 251 | Volumes added ............... 525 247 350 291 Total volumesin Libraries 14,745 24,836 16,331 * The Toxteth Branch Lending Library was closed from June 2nd to October 18th for re-organization prior to removal. The new building, with Reading Rooms, Walton Sefton Park Branch. 95,727 7,865 58,077 198 7,304 was opened for the issue of books on October 20th, 1902. + Includes 1,277 volumes transferred to New Wavertree Library Stock. Branch. Total. | 87,370 817,041 | 166,440 | 34,922 | 95,603 | 289,888 21,085 | 12,398 | 23,842 163 18 100 + 2,813 150 5,117 | 2,039 1,761 93,991 11 LIBRARIES. ‘OISN], JO SOUIMJOA a10M EQO‘TS [2109 SIT JO « | eel | 900'FTI'T, G96°96G | C98'L | SLL°S6 | BS8'9L | GLP‘STT| TPO'LTS| OLE"LS | LOL'GG | GHE'GST| SEG‘FG | GEG‘OST| S6F'62G | STIVEOL, | | | | | | | | | | | | | ‘ ete eae 4] ‘ ‘ ne ‘ couse STZ GL | sse‘eTr| — Te9°6h | 696° | GOF'PE | GOS‘E9 | — =~ GGL‘FG | ES6°GT | O9T'SS — | HUNOX of} 10F Sood Ceol ute ico eee eee ae aaa Gee. eee as == = = BEET oc pUllE, O49 TOF syoog, TST‘T | 808 — PLT ral | BGT GPS Sas == 90% OFT LLT OBE ( SOISStTD yoory puw urpery G6T'Et9) G6P‘OF | OGE'F | S6S*LT | G90'L | BFF'TT | TOL‘GO9, 808'LL | TTS‘6L | SSSLOT | G6S‘09 | GLT'8G | GOL‘GLT "MOLL esorg LGP‘OL | 9969 | 8GE | LOTT | BOT's | GOAT | TAT'® | 68E | 98 494i | 996 &8P 6LS'T """""* Bure oy} pue ArqQa0g GOO'TT | #799 | BST | 6S#'T | s80‘e | OS6‘T | BSE | STZ | 96% TO9 896 886 | LE6'T |" esensueyT pue uowyronpy POLST | FE8'GT | 9ET 6c9'T | PE6‘G | GET’ | OFG‘G | F9z GSP TPL 889 808'T | LOP'Q ttt om “eorouULOR 090'¢ | BOL‘G | && | 990'T | SF | 8or'o | 866'T | 16 ZOL BLT 8 OLT | G19 coo Gwery ‘oouopnadsiam ¢ GL0‘0E | O2z‘E% GOS pGG', | OTL | LEPST | SS8'FS | BBL | dts‘e | Tar‘9 | 8G6‘E | GEOL =| -96E'G «|: OANGEIOGITT snoaTETPAOSTIT FIG'ES SFL'GI G8e eeF'S | SOS‘P | LG6'P | OOL'TT | LBT‘T | BLS‘T | L8O'T | S8B'T | 8E8'T | GGPF jc" SpeaeTy, pu sadeso, TST‘eT | 0898 | 00% S60'T | 60° | B6a'> | TOS'y | 9ch | ggg 169 | L¥E Sug g1g‘T | sotmbyuy pue Aqdvasodoy, pes‘Le | POL‘OT | Poe =|: LOS | GEL'> | FEL | OTI‘OR | PLOT | B6G'T | ABG'e | GT9'S | BBi‘e | F6L‘9 * AyduaBorg pue 104817 TGL‘99s | THG'TS | BEO'T | GO6'S | BSrs'r | 9686 | O8F'SF | G6B'E | GLz‘S 3LL°8 | 06'S | TAL'L | QLO‘GT |" SJW 04] puL ddTIOIDg 968°ST | SL4'8 | LET TSo'T FILS | LISS | 6SG°9 | SPS | GO8 GOO'T | 2S 008 LLQG [tts ATOASEET [Range yy QGL‘T@ | 9IT‘IT | 968 LOPS | Sh6'S | 8ES'h | GPO'OT | OFL PPI'T | TLG'T | LOOT | BE6‘T | BPB‘S erveeeesess Agogo [Range Ny GGG°GT.| PaP'L | G2 | otPT | 8oe‘e | cuc’s | gat‘s | L6E 9FL GLOT | 62O'L | ZOT'S | GLLSS [ttt ‘speroyy ‘ASofooy,L, . | | | *SULOO}T | | | “SULpvaAy | | Aurproy | “yourag “oun, “YOURAGT ‘youn auoy | “youRag “TOURA “YouBig, “OUR “qouelig | UP penssy | UOzTTAY Woysusuey | YyqWyXoy, uoptoAyy | COP pansst Yaeq UoPoS UopPpeA, [UoyFuysuey |) YWIOFXOT, UOPAOAT “‘[eaguag ‘sonssy | | (MIOL | | rou, / | “WO}PBOYISSBID 1330, | —— a SSS oa ee | = 5 = *suLOOY AUTpvoyy / “‘syueurzredeaq Aurpue'y ‘ponsst SeWIN[OA JO UOLVoYIssepD oy} Surmeyg ‘A WIdvVi ge - - a 12 LIBRARIES. TABLE VI.—Shewing classification of Borrowers. Everton lroxteth \Kensing. Classification. Central. Branch. Branch. ton | Branch. Architects, Builders, and Surveyors......... | 23 | 3 13) Saks Artists, Photographers, and Draughtsmen| oa 2) 20); 42 Bakers, Butchers, and Grocers .........4.06+ 61 90 74 75 Boilermakers, Platers, and Riveters ......| 8 | 4 9 7 Bookbinders, Printers, and Stationers......) 142 58 43 | 60 Bookkeepers, Clerks, and Agents ............ 2,651 | 416 | 624 | 612 Boot and Shoe Makers .....0s0...sssssenessess 16 14 13 | 4 DOXA aK Ors\e dee vases ote eaect a lcce rests asses 11 6 4 9 Brass, Tron, and Steel Founders ............ 20 8 16 5 Bricklayers, Slaterers, and Masons ......... 12 15 10 19 Cabinetmakers, French Polishers, &c....... 53 13 26 41 Carpenters and Joiners ...........0.2..seceee 42 39 60 54 Chemists and Druggistss ............sccesscseees 30 12 27 26 Clergymen, Doctors, and Lawyers ......... 67 13 22 18 Coach Painters and Builders...............05 11 1 14 26 Cooks, Waiters, and Waitresses ............ 3T 5 14 25 Customs’ Officers, Police, Postmen, &e.... 61 67 92} 130 IDomashia Servants \.cectecs ser coche nnsasceeoe ss 13 9 22 15 Dressmakers and Milliners.............:.s00008 130 42 45 62 Engineers, Fitters, and Machinists ......... 134 85 118 | 103 Farmers and Gardeners ..<....2+<2dedee+eeseor 5 1 8 6 UPOMIEN b..<.3 sc cbeccecntcacssnstedeeessteeensssiocces 6 4 7 8 ED RIPOTESSORS Weans sete aes beeen == sane enecrnaesaaeee 21 4 18 | 5 TTOMIMON LOLS .sit-w.nsewenserenqetyetae reser eros } 15 6 ian 3 MA DOUTONS coccaen «ys anccavsen eters mecheencneceeceess 51} 108 | 100 28 Licensed Victuallers, Brewers, & Barmen 57 11 15 5 Maries: See sacs ca lnecove dons ssaretesncascavedoos 15 10 36 10 Merchants and Brokers .......ssscecseseseeeess 35 6 43 | 28 Messengers, Office Boys, and Apprentices. 373 90} 189 | 112 MIS CUP GACH ORS. veesstucvewec, London; Agent-General for Queensland, London (Sir Horace Tozer, K.c.M.G.) ; Ragged School Union, London; T. Mellard Reade, F.@.S., F.R.I.B.A.; Religious Tract Society, London; C. R. Robertson; Municipalité Rosario de Santa Fe, Argentine Republic; The Proprietors, Rotunda Theatre, Liver- pool; J. Rowson; Royal Academy of Arts, London; Royal Astronomical Society, London; Royal College of Physicians, London; Royal College of Surgeons, London; Royal Colonial Institute, London; Royal Cornwall Poly- technic Institute; Robert Arthur Theatres Company, Ltd., Royal Court LIBRARIES. Theatre, Liverpool; Royal Institute of British Architects; Royal National Lifeboat Institution; Royal Observatory, Greenwich; Royal Society of Canada; Royal Society of London; Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Royal University of Ireland; St. Bride Foundation Institute, London; St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London; F. Schun; Henry Sell; The Shakespeare Theatre Co., Liverpool; William Sharpe, m.v.; G. T. Shaw; Sherwood Press, Elizabeth, U.S.A.; Registrar-General of Shipping and Seamen; Janet E. K. Shuttleworth; Rev. Walter Sidgreaves, s.s., U.S.A.; Francis O. Simpson, u.R.c.P., M.R.c.S.; Messrs. G. E. Skerry & Co.; Rev. A. L. Smith, p.a.; W. Smith; Smith Premier Typewriter Co.; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A.; H. Lloyd Snape; Society for the Propaga- tion of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; Society of Accountants and Auditors; Society of Antiquaries of London; Society of Antiquaries of Scotland; Society of Colonial Wars, New York, U.S.A.; E. J. Burgess Sopp, F.R.M.S. ; C. C. Soule; South-Eastern and Chatham Railway Co.; Southport Meteoro- logical Observatory; W. J. Stewart; Alderman J. N. Stolterfoht (Chairman, Libraries Sub-Committee, Liverpool); Messrs. Stubbs & Co.; Miss M. Stubbs; Joseph P. Swan; Swedenborg Society; Sydney University ; Sydney University Engineering Society ; Agent-General for Tasmania, London (Alfred Dobson) ; Messrs. W. P. Thompson & Co.; College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo, Japan; Town and County Directories, Ltd.; Trinity College, London; George Tutill; Vancouver Board of Trade; J. W. Vickers; Agent-General for Victoria, London; Victoria University, Manchester; Volta Bureau, Washington, U.S.A.; University College of North Wales, Bangor; Univer- sity College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, Cardiff; University College of Wales, Aberystwyth; University College of Wales, Brecon; Rey. E. A. Wesley ; Agent-General for Western Australia, London (Sir E. H. Wittenoom, K.c.M.¢.); Mrs. Whitehead; Messrs. Whittaker & Co.; H. T. Wigforth; F. E. Williams; Messrs. Wilmer Brothers & Co.; Wisconsin Natural History Society; Central Society for Women Suffrage; E. A. Wright; G. Lionel Wright; Miss M. D. Wright; William J. Yeoman; Zoological Society of London. LIBRARIES. 29 The following Periodicals, Newspapers, &c. have been presented regularly by the respective Publishers, &e. : — Accountant African Review Anglo-Russian Animals’ Friend Arms and Explosives Awake Bibby’s Quarterly Bible Advocate Board of Trade Journal British Temperance Advocate Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers’ Journal Builders’ Reporter Canadian Gazette Canadian Patent Office Record Cape Argus Cape Times Child’s Guardian Church Family Newspaper Church Missionary Gleaner Church Missionary Intelligencer Church Monthly Civil Service Aspirant Civil Service Candidate Civil Service Competitor Civil Service Hints Clerk of Works’ Association, Journal of the Clubman Concord Co-operative News Cornish Telegraph Cowkeeper and Dairyman’s Journal Crescent Decorator Decorators’ and Painters’ Magazine Deliverer Educational Times Electrical Engineer Electrical Investments Electrician English Churchman Englishwoman’s Review Esmeduna Estates Gazette Fire and Water Foresters’ Miscellany Free and Open Association Advocate Pruit-grower, Fruiterer, Florist, &c. Gaelic Journal Guild Gazette Gwalia a Herald of Peace Herald of the Golden Age Hereford Times Homeopathic World Horological Journal Incorporated Accountants’ Journal Py Incorporated Society of Musicians, Journal of In His Name India’s Women and China’s Daughters Insurance Agent & Insurance Review Investors’ Guardian Irish Times Iron and Steel Trades Journal Islamic World Isle-of-Man Examiner Keefe’s Civil Service Monthly Labour Gazette J adies’ League Gazette Leaves of Healing Liberty Review Lichfield Mereury Life-boat . Light Literary News Liverpool Catholic Times Liverpool College Old Boys’ Magazine Liverpool College Upper School Magazine Liverpool Courier (daily and weekly) Liverpool Echo Liverpool Express Liverpool Institute Schools Magazine Liverpool Journal of Commerce Liverpool Mercury (daily and weekly) Liverpool Porcupine Liverpool Post (daily and weekly) Liverpool Review Liverpool Y.M.C.A. Journal Locomotive Engineers’ and Firemen’s Journal London Argus Machinery Market Mafeking Mail Mariner Midland News Milling Mission Field Mona’s Herald Musical Herald Musicians’ Report and Journal Nature Notes Naval Warrant Officers’ Journal New Century New Church Magazine New Ireland Review Noneconformist Musical Monthly Northampton Mercury Oddfellows’ Magazine Official Journal of the Patent Office Our Programme Our Western Emire Oxford Chronicle Paper Maker 30 LIBRARIES. Paper Makers’ Circular Patents Personal Rights Journal Petroleum Review Poor Law Officers’ Journal Positivist Review Present Truth Preston Herald Printers’ Register Public Health Engineer Railway Review Ramsey Weekly News Reports of Patents, Design, and Trade Mark Cases Rescue Notes Round World Sanitary Inspector Seript Phonographic Journal Sheffield Weekly Independent Shipping World Shoe and Leather Record Society of Chemical Industry, Journal of Sphinx Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal State Correspondent Stationer, Printer, and Fancy Trades Register Stationery World Stonyhurst Magazine Student's Journal Temperance Chronicle Textile Journal Tool and Machinery Register Trade Journals’ Review Trade Marks Journal Training Ship ‘‘ Mercury ” Magazine Travel Two Worlds University Correspondent Vaccination Inquirer Vegetarian Messenger Western Daily Press Worcestershire Herald Zoophilist PETER COWELL, CuieF LIBRARIAN. THE MUSEUMS. The Director of Museums furnishes the Fiftieth Annual Report upon the conpvct and ProGcress of the Museums. I.— GENERAL. Tuer Frere Pusrtic Museums comprise : — (A) the Lorn Dersy Mvsrum, of which the nucleus was the collections bequeathed in 1851 to the City, by the Thirteenth Karl of Derby. It contains the British Collections, and the general Zoological, Geological, Mineralogical, and Botanical Departments, besides which there is an Aquarium, containing both Fresh and Salt Water Animals. (B) the Maver Musxvm, the larger part of which was collected and presented to the Corporation in 1867, by Joseph Mayer, [sq., F.S.A. These collections are specially rich in (a) Egyptian, Babylonian, and Assyrian Antiquities ; (b) Medieval European Ivories, Bronzes and Illuminated Manuscripts; (c) the unrivalled Brian- Faussett Anglo-Saxon Collection; (d) the Mather Miniatures ; and (e) the very important Pottery Collections, conspicuously rich in Wedgwood and Old Liverpool Wares. Associated with this Museum, as belonging more nearly to the subjects illustrated by it, though not forming to any large extent part of the Mayer Bequest, are (/) the Hthnographical Collections, chiefly of barbaric races. The building, in which these collections are housed, was erected at the cost of the late Sir William Brown, in October, 1860. The Exhibition Galleries are open free to the public, as under : — During January, November, and December .._ from 10 to 4 os February a a Fy Saupe Sale er LA eeh 4 Mareh and October... ng: ig, Sate eee BOD. 2 x April to September ard , nak” eee ea be Also on Monday Hrenings during January to) March, and October to December .., [ent 7 to 10 32 MUSEUMS. The Museums are closed on Sundays and Fridays (except the Fridays of Whit-, Master- and Christmas-Weeks) throughout the year, as well as on Christmas Day, and days of Public Fast and Thanksgiving. The Museums were represented by the Director at the British Association, which met at Belfast under the presidency of Professor Dewar, M.A., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S., in September, and at the Museums Association, which met at Bradford in July. Since 1896, a period of seven years, 49,020 specimens of Natural History and 6,790 specimens of Ethnography, totalling close upon 56,000 specimens, have been added to the collection. II.—VistTors. During the year there has been a considerable increase in the number of visitors to the Museums, compared with that of the previous year, as shown by the averages in the following table: 1901. 1902. (262 Days) (263 Days) Total Visitors tds eG ae oie 304,942 a 310,472 Weekly Average... 5 Sc 23 5,864 So 5,970 Daily Average ree ise oa aa 1,163 ose 1,175 The attendance of school children under the charge of teachers has been well maintained, over 1,200 children and 75 teachers having availed themselves of the clause in the Education Code, whereby time devoted to instruction in Museums reckons as school attendance. On several occasions school teachers have made use of the Museum theatre to give special lessons to the children—specimens being brought from the Museum cases for the purpose. This is found to be of greater educational value than merely having a general visit with no specific object. In some cases lectures and demonstrations have been given by members of the Staff—arrangements having previously been made with the teachers and masters. . On the occasion of the annual visit of the Burnley Technical School, on Saturday, February 22nd, when over 100 adult members, MUSEUMS. 33 with Mr. Ernest Evans, the Head Master, visited the Museums, lectures and demonstrations were given by Mr. Clubb and Mr. Laverock, according to a previously arranged programme. Persons desirous of employing the Museums for the purpose of research, reference or sketching may, by application to the Director, and on giving satisfactory references, obtain tickets enabling them to enter on Fridays, when there are special facilities afforded them for study. Tickets were issued, as usual, during the year (chiefly) to Artists and Students of Natural History, Osteology and Dental Anatomy, who have made extensive use of the collections. on the days the Museums were otherwise closed to the public. The following, among others, have visited the Museums during the year for the purpose of inspecting the collections or other special object: —H. Wallace, University College, London; R. L. Hobson, British Museum; Dr. O. Vogt, Berlin; Prof. Anderson, Galway ; C. R. Kastman, Harvard Museum, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.; C. F. Longfield, Science and Art Museum, Dublin; W. E. Hoyle, Owens College, Manchester; Prof. Boyd Dawkins, F.R.S.; F. Grant Ogilvie, Director, Science and Art Museum, Edinburgh. ITI.—Lecrvres. Twenty-two Lectures were delivered by members of the Staff on Monday evenings, in the Theatre of the Museums. They were illustrated by specimens from the Museums and by lantern slides. The total attendance at the Lectures was 1,885. The following is a list of the subjects : — ___ A course of four Lectures on “Some of the Plants we eat” was given by the Assistant in the Lord Derby Museum, Mr. W. S. Laverock, M.A., B.Se. :— Jan. 13th.—‘ The Turnip, the Cabbage and the Cauliflower.” I. Jan. 20th.—* The Turnip, the Cabbage and the Cauliflower.” IT. Jan. 27th.— The Apple and the Pear.” Feb. 3rd.—‘‘ The Pea and Bean.” 84 MUSEUMS. Also three Lectures on “ The Time when the Geological Founda- tions of Liverpool were laid,” as follows : — Feb. 1L0th——‘‘ The Rocks that constitute the foundations.” TI. Feb. 17th.—‘ The Rocks that constitute the foundations.’ TIT. Feb. 24th‘ The Plants and Animals of the Period.” Two Lectures on “ Elephants, Living and Extinct,’ were given by the Assistant Curator of the Lord Derby Museum, Mr. Joseph A. Clubb, M.Se. ¢<— Mar. 3rd—* Living Elephants.” Mar. 10th.—* Extinet Elephants.” Two Lectures on “ New Light on Old Monuments” were given by the Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum, Mr. P. Entwistle :— Mar. 1ith—** New Light on Old Monuments.” I. Mar. 24th.—* New Light on Old Monuments.” IT. A Lecture was given by the Director of Museums :— Oct. 135th—** The Arrangement of the Collections in the Extended Museums.” A course of six Lectures on “ Elementary Zoology—the Grades of Animal Life,” was given by the Assistant Curator of the Lord Derby Museum, Mr. Joseph A. Clubb, M.Se.:— Oct. 20th.—** Life without Organs.” Oct. 27th——* The beginnings of Organs.” ay 2 Noy. Srd.—* The beginnings of Organs.” IT. Nov. 10th—*“ Jointed Animals.” I. Nov. 17th.—*‘ Jointed Animals.” II. Noy. 24th—"* Vertebrate Types.” A course of four Lectures on “* The Natural History of Voleanoes”’ was given by the Assistant of the Lord Derby Museum, Mr. W. S. Laverock, M.A., B.Sc. :— Dec. 1st.—** Introduction—W hat is a Voleano ?” Dee. Sth‘ The Sources and Causes of Voleanic Action.” Dee. 15th.—* The Products and Phenomena of the Active Voleano,”’ Dec, 22nd.—* The Traces of Ancient Volcanoes,” MUSEUMS. 35 A. LORD DERBY MUSEUM. ZooLtoGicaAL DErpaARTMENT. (a) GENERAL. The Director has much pleasure in testifying to the care and attention to duty given by all the members of the Staff. Several dredging excursions have been undertaken during the year to the estuary of the Mersey and the Ivish Sea, for the purpose of collecting specimens for the Local Collection of Marine Fauna, with which the Museum has for a long time been very poorly provided. These excursions have been rendered possible through the kindness of the City Engineer’s Department, the Sanitary Sub-Committee having given permission for the Director to occasionally place members of the staff on board the ‘ Beta,’’ when on its periodic visits to the “ Deposit Grounds,” near the North-West Lightship. This vessel has heen utilised also for the purpose of bringing fresh sea- water from beyond the North-West Lightship for supplying the Aquarium. The thanks of the Committee are due to Captain Griffiths for his most willing help and courtesy during not only the trips on which the officers have accompanied him, but on other occasions when he has brought in objects of interest to the Museum which have fallen in his way. These excursions have already resulted in the acquisition of some hundreds of specimens, mostly unrepresented previously in the collection, including many very rare forms. Among these, one species of fish (Callionymus maculatus) was taken on several occasions which had not previously been recorded from the Irish Sea. When the identification of this species by Mr. Clubb was made known, it was discovered that specimens had been obtained previously by the officers of the Lancashire Sea Fisheries, but they had remained unrecognised, and had been stored away in a jar at University College, along with the common species (C. Lyra). In the month of May the new extension buildings were finally handed over by the Contractors to the Committee, and in July the bronze-steel cases, designed by Mr. Ashworth (of Messrs. Haigh and Co.) and the Director, for the reception of the collections, began to be delivered. 86 MUSEUMS, The upper floor of the Museum is devoted to the systematic biological and geological collections, as detailed fully in a Report presented to the Committee in January, 1901. The lower floor is to contain. the Local Area collections drawn (without any very hard and fast line) from within the boundaries circumscribed in the map given in that Report. Attention has been specially devoted to making progress on the upper floor with the re-arrangement of the collections, many of which had to be unhoused owing to the removal of the cases in which they stood, to admit of the installatien of the ventilating system. These systematic collections now commence with a series of specimens arranged to serve as an introduction to zoological structure and classification. In succession have been placed on exhibition the main representatives of Man, Anthropoids, Lemuroidea, Chiroptera, Insectivora and the Carnivora. The remaining orders are being displayed as rapidly as cases are delivered. On the lower floor the ‘‘ Local Area” collections have been com- menced, and illustrations of Local History and Archeology, and examples of Liverpool Pottery have already been displayed. A commencement has been made also in exhibiting the local Mammals in their natural surroundings. The cases already fitted up here attracted special interest. During the year a series of cabinets, with interchangeable drawers, has been erected on a gallery round one of the rooms of the upper floor in the old section of the Museum, to contain the Study Collection of birds. In these cabinets nearly 20,000 skins have now been arranged, and will shortly be available for the use of students. The erection of an additional study gallery has been arranged for during 19033 on the adjoining transept, to contain the unmounted skins of the remainder of the birds, of the mammals, and the study series of the invertebrates. The Science Cabinets have been distributed to the various Elementary Schools in the City as in former years, and the appli- cations have become more numerous for specimens for object lessons (mainly Natural History), and for the series of Technical Applances MUSEUMS. 37 on loan from the Museums. The increase in the applications for Museum specimens has necessitated considerable additions to the loan collections. The Director, in furnishing to the Committee a Report on the use of the Collections of the Liverpool Museums made by the Elementary Schools of the City, to accompany the Specimens of the Science Cabinets circulated to these schools, exhibited at the Nature-study Exhibition held in London, on July 25rd, 1902, remarked that for some considerable time organised efforts had been made by the Museums Sub-Committee of the City Council to make the Natural History and other collections of the city of direct educational value to the children attending the elementary schools—public and private. In view of the increased appreciation of late years by educational authorities of the value of Nature Study as part of the curriculum of elementary school training, a brief account of the arrangements and facilities afforded by the Liverpool Museums in this direction may be of interest. Obviously the two ways of utilizing Museum Collections for school children are (A) by bringing the school children to the specimens and (B) by taking the specimens to the school children. In both these directions facilities are granted in the Liverpool Museums. (a) The recognition in the Education Code of time devoted to instruction in museums as school attendance, has enabled teachers to bring the scholars in classes to our Museums during school hours. Such visits previously had to be done in other than school hours, and consequently were not very frequent. A commodious lecture theatre, existing in the Building, is set apart for their use, to which specimens required for the lessons may be conveyed; or the classes group themselves around certain of the cases, from which the public for the time being are excluded by temporary barriers; or the Aquarium is visited, and one or more of the living animals in the tanks forms the subject of the lesson. Occasionally simple demon- -strations in popular language are given to them by members of the Staff. 38 MUSEUMS. Each teacher, of course, has his own idea of the better way to utilize such visits. The more general and probably more efficient method from an educational standpoint is as follows :—Care is taken not to endeavour to cover too wide a field, and one or two cases or a group of specimens, is selected which illustrates some important facts in Nature. The teacher, or one of the Museum Staff, gives a brief and simple demonstration, in which these particular facts are emphasized, and the inter-relation between the specimens pointed out. The children, with note-book in hand, are then left to them- selves, with the simple instruction to limit themselves to these particular specimens, and to make drawings and notes of any of them. The next day, in school, they are called upon to write a short essay, with the help of their drawings and notes, on their visit to the museum. From inquiries made, the instruction thus imparted is found very satisfactory, and of far greater educational value than is the case when the class wanders indiscriminately through the galleries, with no special object. Every encouragement is given to teachers to make use of the Museums in this way, and it is gratify- ing to record an increasing appreciation of these facilities by the teachers. The Introductory Room io the general collection of animal groups on the upper floor of the recently completed extended galleries, is especially suitable for lessons of this character, and has already been made use of on several occasions by the schools. Its arrangement is as follows:—On_ entrance a case is set out, in which, under a tabular statement that all matter is divisible into inorganic and organic groups, specimens of rocks and animals are shown under these respective heads. Then of the organic group of plants and animals (examples of which are contrasted), taking animals, the chordates or vertebrates are con- trasted with invertebrates by typical specimens. Next follows a series of special exhibits, arranged so as to bring before the eye as prominently as possible the comparative characters of the classes of the Chordata. In the first case is a series of stuffed specimens— mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian and fish, &c.—arranged in the order named one below the other. A concise explanatory label is attached, drawing attention to the principal points to observe, z.e., the MUSEUMS. i, 39 external characters of each (hair, feathers, scales, &e.); modifications of form and structure adapted to different habits of life (legs, wings, webbed feet, swimming tail), &c. In succeeding cases correspond- ingly arranged are series of skeletons; bisected skulls and skeletons ; 4 dissections of general abdominal viscera; injections showing blood circulations; dissections of nervous systems; models of brains, &c., of each vertebrate type, each series being accompanied by a descrip- tive label, drawing special attention, in as simple language as _ possible, to the points of agreement and contrast. Commencing with the mammalia, its different orders are treated in a similar manner along the opposite side of the room. (zs) The arrangements made for the conveyance of museum speci- _ mens to the children may conveniently be divided into two sections— _ (a) by means of circulating cabinets, containing groups of Natural _ History or other specimens, which are correlated one with the other, _ and arranged, as far as possible, so as to convey a definite lesson of educational value—what has been described as a small circulating museum; and (b) the formation of a Loan Collection, from which _ specimens are lent out as applied for by the teachers. (a) It was in the year 1884 that the Museums Committee first sanctioned the formation of circulating cabinets of Natural History, for the use of schools, and in consultation with the School Board and other School Managers a working scheme was organised for their periodical circulation. a The cabinets are of the plainest character, made of deal, strengthened by small black metal clasps, with a hanging down handle on each side, by which they may be conveniently carried in n upright position. The majority measure 17 inches long, 174 hes high, and 12} inches deep—a size which is found convenient most of the specimens. Vertebrates, however, require a larger ize, and for them cabinets measuring 32 inches long, 17 inches high trays the specimens are contained in boxes which are of multiple sizes, fitting the trays. When the specimens are such as cannot be handled without fear of damage, they are placed in a glass topped 40 MUSEUMS. box, otherwise easy fitting opaque lids are used, and the specimens may be taken out and handled by the student. The trays are readily drawn out, and the contents of the cabinets may be displayed with great facility. Asa rule only one specimen of a species is contained in each box, and a distinguishing number is placed conspicuously upon it. The specimen boxes are numbered, and their positions in the trays bear corresponding numbers, so as to ensure the return of each specimen to its right box and each box to its right place in the tray after use. A descriptive label accompanies each specimen, and a list of the specimens contained in the cabinet is attached to the lid, with fuller descriptions under numbers corresponding to the numbers on the specimens, and in addition a sentence or two drawing attention to the special character of the cabinet as a whole. The specimens themselves are selected with care, and in no ease are inferior or non-typical specimens used, and they are arranged in the cabinet as far as possible t. illustrate some definite fact in nature, such as, the organic origin of coal, the uses of the animal or its skeleton in the economic world, or examples of the various ways in which shells are manufactured into articles of commerce. There are now 25 of these Natural History cabinets in circulation, and 78 schools and institutions are receiving them in rotation. The latter consist of 48 Denominational schools, 25 Board schools and 2 Training-colleges for pupil teachers. For distributional purposes our area is divided into two districts—a north and a south—and the cabinets are distributed each month alternately to the schools in the two districts. The schools are under no expense, both the distribu- tion and collection being undertaken by the Museums. Notice is sent to each school a few days before the delivery of the cabinet, and in the cabinet itself is placed an intimation of the date of collection, so that each school knows how long the cabinet will remain at its disposal. A brief account of a few of the subjects and contents of these School-cabinets may be of interest. In the Coal cabinet above referred to (see Fig. 1), the organic origin of coal is demonstrated by specimens of sphagnum (wood fibre or Cellulose), peat, lignite, bituminous coal, common coal and [BOD jo UIsII0 o1UeS10 94d SBSUOWAp 0} paduvsie {sjuxlg [voD pur [tOD Jo Jauiqey "k "Sia 16éN TVO> C SHELLS” Knauer USES FIG 2, abinet of Shells; arranged to show the economic uses of Shells, MUSEUMS. 41 anthracite, arranged in the order mentioned. In addition there are included specimens of characteristic coal fossils. The cabinet named “Shells and their uses’ contains specimens illustrating stages in the manufacture of buttons, knife-handles, &c., together with the shells from which they are taken (see Fig. 2). A series of cabinets is arranged so as to exemplify the characters of the principal groups of the animal kingdom. In the “ Star-fish and Sea-urchin” cabinet, a descriptive label draws attention to the essential characters of the group of the Echinoderma, with re- ferences to the specimens of star-fishes, sea-urchins and sea-cucum- _ bers, contained in the cabinet. The ccelenterons, molluscs, insects, crustaceans, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals are similarly treated. Of the other cabinets, some are of a geological character, illustrating “ Rocks,” ‘‘ Polished Stones,” &e.; and others of a botanical character, illustrating “Palms and _ their uses,” ‘“ Dyes and Tans,” ‘“ Textile Plants,” &c. It is proposed shortly to issue along with each cabinet a type-written or printed description, which will serve as a guide to the teacher in giving lessons on the cabinet to the children. (b) The Loan Collection, from which specimens of Natural Llistory are lent to teachers on application, consists of a series of the commoner types, and has gradually been formed according to the demands made for specimens—any object asked for, if possible, being added from the duplicate specimens of the main collection, if not already in it, so that the character of the Loan Collection has been brought together entirely by the demand. Typical representatives of the main animal Phyla; the common British species of these groups; comparative series of bird forms, with nests and eggs; insects and their life-histories, &c., constitute the greater portion of this collec- tion. Application is made in writing by Head Masters or Mistresses, and the specimens are taken away forthwith by their messenger, if possible, or if not, in the course of a day or two. It is satisfactory to record here also an increasing demand for specimens, and the Loan Collection has in consequence been considerably enlarged during the last year or two. That these efforts to interest school children in Nature study are producing good results is strikingly demonstrated 49, MUSEUMS. by the way in which school children avail themselves of holidays to voluntarily visit our Museums—the fact of the occurrence of a school holiday being of late always unmistakeably indicated by the invasion of the Museums by school children, who evince a growing interest in the exhibits. (b) CONSERVATION, All the collections on exhibition have been periodically examined, dusted and kept free from moth or other pest. The store cabinets and tanks, containing specimens preserved in fluid, have also been systematically gone over for the purpose of renewing the spirit or other preservative. The store cabinets have also had constant attention, the entomological collections especially requiring frequent examination. (c) Loans. The following loans of Museum specimens for purposes of study were made during the year :— Nine specimens of two species of Sokotran birds were lent to the Director of the Natural History Museum, Vienna. Eighty-two specimens of species of Lanius, and the type specimen of Oriyx pectoralis were lent to Dr. Bowdler Sharpe, British Museum. Nine specimens of species of Turdus were lent to E. Hartert, Esq., Tring Museum. The type specimens of Crithagra rendelli g and ?, were lent to Prof. Reichnow, Berlin. (d) PRESENTS. During the year the Museum Collections have been enriched by a large number of presentations, of which the following deserve special mention :— Specimens of a Sun-fish (Orthagoriscus mola) and a Porbeagle Shark (Lanna cornubica) taken by trawlers off the coast of Ireland, were presented by Messrs. Harley and Miller, St. John’s Market, Liverpool. MUSEUMS. 43 The skull, horns and skin of the Himalayan Ibex (Capra sibirica), and skins of the Wild Camel (Camelus bactrianus), and Saira Sheep (Orvis sairensis), were presented by St. George Littledale, Esq. (e) ACQUISITIONS. INVERTEBRATES— Porifera (Sponges). Eight sponges (Suberites domuncula), from the estuary of the River Mersey (D. 22. 7. 1902. 24, and D. 21. 8. 1902. 19); trawled by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. * Beta.” Coelenterata (Zoophytes, Sea Anemones, etc.) Four Sea Anemones (one Metridium dianthus and three Sargartia ornata (?))(D. 20.5. 1902. 11 and 12) ; Colony of Zoophytes (Antennularia ramosa) ; number of Zoophytes (indet.) attached to broken earthen- ware (D. 4. 6. 1902. 14 and 15); (Antenniularia ramosa) (D. 22. 7. 1902. 16); five specimens of Meduse (Awreli aurita and Cyanea capillata) (D. 21. 8. 1902. 17 and 18), from the estuary of the Mersey ; trawled by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. “ Beta.” Echinoderms (Star-fishes, Sea-urchins, ete.) Six Star-fish Astropecten irregularis, Solaster papposus and Henricia sanguinolenta (D. 20. 5 1902. 1-3), one Spatangus purpureus (D. 22. 7. 1902. 8), three Common Sand Stars (Ophiura ciliaris), number of Lesser Sand Star (O. albida), eight Echinocardium cordatum and one Solaster papposus 'D. 21. 8. 1902. 1-3 and 9); from the estuary of the Mersey; trawled by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. ‘‘ Beta.”’ One Long-spined Sea-urchin, from the West Coast of Ireland - (D. 7. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Capt. Jennings, steam trawler “‘ Rambler.” Vermes (Worms, etc.) Six Annelids (indet.) and tubes (D. 20. 5. 1902. 13), one Sea-mouse (Aphrodite aculeata), one Sp. indet. and one Polynoe sp. (D. 4. 6. 1902. 11, 12, 13), one /eptoplana tremellaris, and various Annelids 44, MUSEUMS. with tubes (D. 22. 7. 1902. 17 and 28), three Annelids (one Aphrodité aculeata and two indet.) (D. 21. 8. 1902. 15, 16), from the estuary of the Mersey; trawled by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. “‘ Beta.’ Polyzoa. Specimens of Polyzoa attached to broken earthenware from the estuary of the Mersey (D. 4. 6. 1902. 15); Colonies of Amathia lendigera; Gemellaria loricata; Crisia eburnea; Bugula avicularia and B. turbinata (D. 22. 7. 1902. 17-22); trawled by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. “ Beta.” Arthropoda. Crustacea (Crabs, Lobsters, etc.) Two Shrimps (indet.) from the Estuary of the Mersey (D. 22. 3. 1902. 1); Hermit Crabs (Eupagurus sp.), Parasitic Cirripede (Peltogaster paguri), and one Swimming Crab (Portunus depurator), (D. 2. 7.1902. 1.; D. 17. 7. 1902. 1-2); five Crabs (indet.), and one Hermit Crab (indet.), from the estuary of the Mersey (D. 21. 8. 1902. 13. 14); collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, of the “ Beta.” Five Spider Crabs (Hyas coarctatus), two Hermit Crabs (Eupagurus bernhardus), one Slender Spider Crab (Stenorhynchus tenuirostris) and one Hermit Crab (Hupagurus hyndmanni), (D. 20. 5. 1902. 14-17) ; four Spider Crabs (one Hyas coarctatus and three Inachus dorsettensis), and’ one Galathea neva (D. 4. 6. 1902. 6-8); one Eyeon fasciatus, four Porcellana longicornis, three Hupagurus bernhardus, six EH. cuanensis, four L. prideauxii, one Ebalia cranchti, and one Portunus depurator (D. 22. 7. 1902. 1-7) ; and six Crabs (D. 26. 8. 1902. 13 and 14); from the estuarv of the Mersey, trawled by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. ‘‘ Beta.” Crab (indet.), (in spirit) from Iquitos (D. 11. 8. 1902. 1); presented by D. B. Adamson, H.B.M., Consul at Iquitos. One Stone Crab (Lithodes mata), from Kirkeudbright (D. 5. 11, 1902. 1) ; presented by Scott Byrne, Fsq., 205, Upper Parliament Street, Liverpool. a . } MUSEUMS. 45 Tracheata. (Insects, Spiders, etc.) Spider (indet.), living from West Africa (D. 20. 1. 1902. 1) ; presented by Mr. H. R. Maggs, 4, Devon Avenue, Liscard. Saw Fly (Sirea gigas) living (D. 6. 3. 1902. 1); presented by Mr R. Coupland, 22, Arkles Road, Bootle. Moth (indet.) from Monte Video, River Plate (D. 12. 8. 1902. 1); presented by Capt. Cooper, s.s. ‘‘ Orissa.” Two Beetles (indet.) from Sassandra, Ivory Coast, West Africa. (D. 4. 4. 1902. 1): presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Six Velvety Mites (T’rombidium sp.) from Dahomey (D. 30.5. 1902.1); _ presented by W. Bailey Sharp, Esq., co J. Holt & Co., Porto Novo, Dahomey. Poplar Hawk Moth (Smerinthus populi) (D. 8. 7. 1902. 1) and Spider (indet.) (D. 12. 7. 1902. 1) ; Moth (indet.) (D. 31. 7, 1902. 1), found in street gas lamp: presented by the Lighting Department. Six spotted Burnet Moth (Zygena fillipendula) from Colwyn Bay, North Wales (D. 15. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. C. Merriman, 12a, James Street, Liverpool. Dragon Fly (Anax formosus) trom Harthill, ncar Sheffield (D. 7. 8. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. Wright Peat, Fir Vale, Harthill, near Sheffield. Beetle (Melalontha sp.) from Kamloops, Africa (D. 10. 8. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. 'T. A. Shackleton. Thirteen specimens of Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Hymenopteta, one Lantern Fly, one Locust, and one Mosquito (indet.), from Iquitos (D. 11. 8. 1902. 3-8); presented by D. B. Adamson, Esq., H.B.M. Consul at Iquitos. Small collection of Australian Lepidoptera consisting of fourteen specimens of six species (D. 26. 8. 1902. 1-6) from North Queensland ; presented by Mr. H. C. Robinson, Aigburth, Liverpool. Kighteen specimens of British Beetles, viz.:—twelve Aegialia rufa and six Montura chrysanthemi, from Birkdale and Southport (D. 2. 9. 1902. 1 and 2); collected and presented by Mr, E. J. B. Sopp, 104, Liverpool Road, Birkdale, 46 MUSEUMS. Spider (indet.) from Wallasey (D. 15. 9. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. P. Entwistle. Spider (idet.) and young with nest on Bramble leaf from Ince Blundell (D. 25. 9. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. W. Hibbert. Centipede (indet.) found among eargo of ship from India (D. 27. 9. 1992. 1); presented by Mr. A. Grudgeman, 21, Palatine Road, Seacombe. Mollusca. (Shells, ete.) A eolleetion of fossil shells of the genus Clausilia, consisting of fifty-five specimens representing the followmg seventeen species :— C. parcula, C. bidentata, C. biplicata, C. pumila, var. sejuneta, C’. laminata, C. striatula, C. tenuisculpta, C. plicata, C. corynodes, C. suturalis, C. buliformis, C. schwazeri, C. levolonga, C. medlycotti, C. flograna, C. dubia, C. longa, from various localities in England and Germany, (D. 17. 3. 1902. 1-17) ; purchased. Four specimens, with animals of Pecten opercularis (D. 16. 5. 1902. 1., D. 16. 7. 1902. 1., & D. 17. 7. 1902. 3) from the Estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Capt. Griffiths of the “ Beta.” Sea Slug (Doto /ragilis), one Cuttle-fish (Eledone cirrhosus), one Spiny Cockle (Cardium aculeatum), five Whelks (Fusus antiquus , number of small Clams (Mactra ellipticu), one Tellina (Telline donacina), three Top Shells (T'rochus zizyphinus), (D. 20. 5. 1902. 4-10): several Anoumia ephippium, Clam (Pecten opercularis), and two Oysters (Ostrea edulis), (D. 4. 6. 1902. 9, 15 and 16); three Nudibranchs (Coryphella landsburgi, Archidoris johnstoni, Acanthodoris pilosa), three Cardium norvegicum, and two Fusus islandicus (D. 22. 7. 1902. 9-13); one Oyster (Ostrea edulis), seventeen Tellina proxima, one Nucula nucleus, one Lamellidoris prozvima, and one Carolina arenicola (?) (D. 21. 8. 1902. 4-8); from the estuary of the Mersey, Trawled by the Assistant Curator and the Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. “ Beta.” Hight Land Shells (Clausilia nigricans) from Settle, Yorkshire, (D. 24. 7.1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. J. A. Clubb. MUSEUMS. 47 Two opereula of Turbo petholatus from Perim (D. 6. 8. 1902.1): presented by Mr. Richard Whitelock, 106, South Chester Street, Toxteth Park, Liverpool. Snail (Limax agrestis) from yard of Museums (D, 13. 9. 1902. 1} Hight Valves of Shells (Cardium costatum) and one shell (Triton sp.) from Axim, and 9 Valves of Shells (Cardium costatum) from Nana Kroo, Liberia, West Africa (D. 29. 9. 1902. 1-4) presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Tunicata. (Sea-squirts, etc.) Two simple Ascidians (Ciona intestinalis) (D. 20. 5. 1902. 18), (Siyela grossularia) (D. 4. 6. 1902. 10), a number of specimens of Amaroucium and Leptoclinum spp. (D. 22. 7. 1902. 14 & 15) from the estuary of the Mersey; trawled by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant, from the s.s. ‘ Beta.” VERTEBRATES. Fishes. Two American Cat-fish (Aminrus catus) (C. 26. 2. 1902. 1 and C. ~ 19. 3. 1902. 1); purchased. One Ray (Raia clavata) (C. 22. 8. 1902. 1); one Great Pipe Fish (Sygnathus acus) and one plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) (C. 3. 4. 1902. 1 and 2, C. 26. 11. 1902. 1); Yellow Gurnard (Vrigla lucerna) (C. 17: 5. 1902. 1); Dragonet (Callionymus maculatus) and two lesser spotted Dog-fish (Seyllium canicula) (C. 16. 7. 1902. 1 and 2); Picked Dog-fish (Acanthias vulgaris) (C. 21. 5. 1902. 1 and C. 25. 11. 1902. 1), Flounder (Pleuronectes flesus) (C. 26. 11. 1902. 2); from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Captain Griffiths of the * Beta.”’ Fish (indet) from Sassandra, Ivory Coast, W. Africa (C. 4. 4. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Ruffe (Acerina vulgaris) 2? from the river Alwyn, North Wales (C. 14. 5. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. Coupland, City Angling Club, Liverpool. 48 MUSEUMS. Crucian Carp (Carassius carasstis) (C. 15. 5. 1902. 1), and two Tench (T'inca tinea) (C. 16. 5. 1902. 1.), from Stanley Park Lake ; collected and presented by Mr. Harthill, 62, Everton Valley, Liverpool. Wax Model of brain of Trout (Salmo trutta) (C. 29. 5. 19v2.'1); purchased. : Block’s Top-Knot (Scophthalmus unimaculatus), nine Dragonets (Callionymus lyra and *C. maculatus) (C. 20. 5. 1902. 1 & 2, C. 22. 7. 1902. 2. and C. 21. 8. 1902. 4), two Gurnards (Trigla gurnardus and T. enenlus) (C. 20. 5. 1902. 4. & C. 4. 6. 1902. 1) Lemon Dabs (Pleu onectes microcephalus) (C. 22. 7. 1902. 1. and C, 21. 8. 1902. 1); Solenette (Solea lutea), Whiting (Gadus merlangus) (C. 21. 8. 1902. 8 and 4): trawled from s.s. ‘‘ Beta,” N. W. of the North West Lightship, by the Assistant Curator (Mr. J. A. Clubb). King of the Herrings (Chimera monstrosa) from N. N. W. Blasquet Islands, West Coast of Ireland (C. 14. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Messrs. Harley and Miller, St. John’s Market, Liverpool. Bream (Abramis blicea) from the river Alwyn, Rossett, North Wales (C. 26. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. Fothergill, City Angling Club, Liverpool. Small Hammer-headed Shark (Zygaena sp.) from Patani Bay, Malay Peninsula (C. 26. 8. 1902. 1); collected and presented hy Messrs. Annandale and Robinson. Sun Fish (Orthogoriscus mola) from N.N.W, of the Scillies (C. 3. 9. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Messrs. Harley and Miller, St. Jo''n’s Market, Liverpool. Nineteen Walking Fish (Periophthalmus koelreuteri), from Bathurst, West Coast of Africa (C. 29. 9. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, Four Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus pungitius) from Wallasey Marsh (C. 9, 10. 1902. 1); collected for the Aquarium. Porbeagle Shark (Lamna cornubica) from Instrahull, off West Coast of Ireland (C. 21. 11. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Messrs. Harley and Miller, St. John’s Market, Liverpool. * This is a new record for this species from the Irish Sea. ———— MUSEUMS. 49 Amphibians. Model in wax of brain of frog (Rana temporaria) (C. 29. 5. 1902. 2) ; purchased. Dissection of viscera and injected preparation showing blood cireu- lation of Salamander (S. maculosa) (C. 25. 7. 1902. 1); purchased. Tree Frog (indet.) from Grand Canary (C. 23. 6. 1902.1); presented by Mr. George H. Jones, 446, Mill Street, Liverpool. Tree Frog (indet.) from Iquitos (C. 11. 1902.1); presented by D. B. Adamson, Esq., H.B.M. Consul at Iquitos. Two Frogs (Rana tigrina) from Ceylon (C. 8. 10. 1902. 1); purchased. Reptiles. Six Snakes (indet.) (B. 4. 4. 1902. 6); Skin of Lizard (Varanus sp.) (B. 30. 9. 1902.1) from Sassandra, Ivory Coast, West Africa; presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Skull of Alligator (indet.) from one of the Chinqui Rivers, Central America (B. 12. 5. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. Frederick Alcock, Shrewsbury Road, Oxton. Gecko (indet.) from Grand Canary (B. 23. 6. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. George H. Jones, 446, Mill Street, Liverpool. Birds. Model in wax of Brain of Pigeon (B. 29. 5. 1902. 1); purchased. Dissection of Muscles of Flight and of the Respiratory Apparatus of Bird (Corvus sp.) (B. 25. 7. 1902. 1); purchased. Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus) from the Aviary at Stanley Park (B. 4. 2. 1902. 1); presented by the Parks and Gardens Com- mittee per the Superintendent. Two Gulls (Larus bulleri) ¢ and ?, from New Zealand (B. 5. 2. 1902.1); purchased. Black Cock (Tetrao tetrix) ¢, (B. 15. 2. 1902. 1); purchased. 50 MUSEUMS. Two Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) g, and one Greater Black- backed Gull (Larus marinus) 3, (B. 19. 2. 1902. 1 and 2); Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) 3 and two Guillemots (Uria troile) (B. 27. 2. 1902. 1 and 2); Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus) 3 (B. 15. 4. 1902. 1); two Kittiwake Gulls (Rissa tridactyla) 2 (B. 28. 4. 1902. 1 and B. 21. 5.1902. 1); Gannet (Sula bassana) (B. 22. 7. 1902. 1); from the estuary of the Mersey, collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, s.s. ‘f Beta.” Sparrow (Passer domesticus) albino var. (B. 26. 2.1902. 1); presented by Mr. F. P. Marrat. Two Asiatic Larks (Alauda tartarica) (B. 27. 2. 1902.1); purchased. Bird of Paradise (Parotia sp.) (b. 3. 1902. 1); purchased. Albatross (Diomedea exulans) (B. 16. 4. 1902.1); collected and presented by Capt. Henning, s.s. “‘ Raeburn.” Hawfineh (Coccothraustes vulgaris) ? trom Burton Point, Burton, Cheshire (B. 29. 4. 1902. 1); presented by Dr. Bickerton. Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) albino var. (B. 2. 6. 1902. 1); presented by A. A. Paton, Esq., ‘‘ Oneida,’ Sefton Park, Liverpool. Meadow Pipit’s Nest and Four Eggs (Anthus pratensis) from Wallasey (B. 7. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. P. Entwistle. Two Nestlings of Peregrine Faleon (Falco peregrinus) from the Pembrokeshire Coast 'B. 8. 7, 1902. 1); purchased. Nightjar (Caprimulqus europeus) from Knowsley (B. 9. 7. 1902. 1) ; purchased. Hornbill (indet.) from Winnebah, Gold Coast, West Africa (B. 10. 7. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Nest and Four Eges of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) from Tynwald Hill, West Derby (B. 12. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. H. Stam, 98, West Derby Road, Liverpool. Nestling (indct.) from Hoylake (B. 18. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by the Director of Museums. MUSEUMS. 51 Blue Mountain Lory (Z'richoglossus nove-hollandia), Purple Gallinule (B. 24. 7. 1902. 1 and 2); Nicobar Pigeon (B. 15. 12. 1902. 1) and Red Crested Cardinal (B. 24. 12. 1902. 1) from the Aviary at Newsham Park; presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee per the Superintendent. Three Birds (indet.) from Iquitos (B. 11. 8. 1902. 1); presented: by D. B. Adamson, Esq., H.B.M, Consul at Iquitos. Hen Harrier (Circus cyaneus) (B. 28. 8. 1902. 1); from Knowsley ; purchased. Spotted Grieve (Margarops albiventris) from Grenada, West Indies (B. 3. 9. 1902. 1) ; presented by Rey. Canon Tristram. Cormorant (Phalacrocorax harrisi) 3, from Narborough Island Galapagos Group (B. 4. 9. 1902. 1.); purchased. ? Nest of Marsh Tit (Parus palustris) in situ, in stump of tree from St. Leonards (B. 6. 9. 1902. 1.); collected and presented by Messrs. M. J. Nicoll and A. M. Cox per the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). Bird (indet.) flew on board s.s. “ Niger ’’ between Sierra Leone and Bathurst (B. 29. 9. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Plumes of Peacock (Pavo cristatus) (B. 7. 11. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. Maddox, St. John’s Market. Canadian Owl (sp. indet.) from the Aviary at Selton Park (B. 18. 11. 1902.1); presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee, per the Superintendent. Mammals. Dissection of Leg Muscles of Rabbit (Lepus cuniculus), and dissection of Knee and Tendon of Dog (indet.) (A. 25. 7. 1902. 1 and 2); purchased. Wax Model of Brain of Dog (A. 29. 5. 1902. 1); purchased. Three pairs of Horns of Siberian Roe-deer (Capreolus caprea) (A. 20. 1. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. Rowland Ward, London. Twelve Bats in preservative fluid, including Hemiderma brevicauda : Glossophaga soriema; Phyllostoma hastatum; Noctilio albiventer ; 52 MUSEUMS, Molossus rufus, M. obscurus; Saccopteryx bilineata; from Para (A. 21. 1. 1902. 1-7): presented by Dr. Goeldi, Curator of the Goeldi Museum, Para, per the British Museum. Head of Water Buck from the Sudan (A. 22. 1. 1902. 1): purchased. British Hare (Lepus timidus) 2, from Cumberland; (A. 23. 1. 1902. 1): Fox (Ganis vulpes) g , ad. from Cheshire (A. 10. 2. 1902. 1): Two Moles (Talpa europea) 3, 2, from Wither-slack, near Grange- over-Sands, Lancashire (A. 13. 3. 1902. 1., A. 22. 3. 1902. 1); purchased. Skull, Horns, and Skin of Himalayan Ibex (Capra sibiricia) from the Thian Shan Mountains (A. 7. 4. 1902. 1); Skins of Wild Camel (Camelus bactrianus), and Saira Sheep (Ovis sairensis) (A. 22. 6. 1902. 1 and 2); collected and presented by St. George Littledale, Esq. Two Squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) 3, 2 (A. 16. 5. 1902. 1); two Water Shrews (Crossopus fodiens) 3, 2 (A. 27. 5. 1902. 1); three Dormice (Myoxrus avellanarius) (A. 28. 5. 1902. 1); Fox (Canis vulpes) @ imm. from Folkingham, Norfolk (A. 30. 5. 1902. 1): Pine Marten (Mustela martes) 3, from Northumberland (A. 31. 5. 1902. 1); purchased. Skin of Squirrel (indet.) from British Amatongaland (A. 9. 6. 1902. 1): presented by W. Spencer Walton, Esq., Durban, Natal. Stoat (Mustela,erminea) 2 from Bromborough Hall Estate (A. 17. 6. 1902. 1): collected, by kind permission of Sir W. B. Forwood, by the Museum Taxidermist. Five Stoats (Mustela erminea) 2 3 and 3 ?, from Knowsley, near Prescot (A. 18. 6. 1902. 1 and A. 20. 6. 1902. 1 and A. 6. 8. 1902. 1); purchased. Bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) ? from Kirk Andreas, Isle of Man (A. 19. 6. 1902. 1); Whiskered Bat (Myotis mystacinus) 3, from Crowden, Woodhead, Cheshire (A. 14. 7. 1902, 1): collected and presented by Mr. T. A. Coward, Bowden, Cheshire. Three Bats (Vesperugo noctula) 2 2 2, from Knowsley Hall (A. 21. 6. 1902. 1); Polecat (Mustela putorius) 3, from Aberystwyth (A. 5. 7. _ 1902. 1): purchased. ELK, eC CU MUSEUMS. 53 Number of Mammalian Bones and Teeth (indct.) from the “ Blue Clay,” Leasowe (A. 7. 7. 1902. 1); collected and presented by Mr. Harold Kellet, Rake Lane, Liscard. Seven Field Voles (Arvicola agrestis) 23,22,3? imm., and two Wood Mice (Mus sylraticus), 3, from Knowsley (A. 9. 7.1902. 1 and 2, A. 6. 7. 1902. 1 and 2); purchased. Body of a Domestic Dog (A. 28. 7. 1902. 1); presented by the Superintendent of the Home for Stray Dogs, Walton. Bat (indet.) from Iquitos (A. 11. 8. 1902. 1); collected and presented by D. B. Adamson, Esq., H.B.M. Consul at Iquitos. Two Moles (Talpa ewopea) from Penyfiordd, Flintshire, North Wales (A. 30. 8. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. T. Hibbert. Three Squirrels (Scivrus vulgaris) 3, %, 3 juv. from Grange (A. 26. 9. 1902. 1): purchased. Mongoose (sp. indet.) living, from Sierra Leone, West Africa (A. 29. 9. 1902. 1.); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Two Squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) 3, 2, from Suffolk (A. 3.10: 1902. 1.); Rat (Mus alevandrinus) from Great Yarmouth (A, 4.-10. 1902.1); Black Rat (Mus rattus) (A. 5. 10. 1902. 1); Two Moles (Talpa europea) 8, 3, albino var., from Hawarden (A. 27. 10. 1902, 1); Water Shrew (Crossopus fodiens) 3, from Suffolk (A. 29. 10. 1902. ft); purchased. Collection of Fossil Bones of Pigmy Hippopotamus, from Madagascar, collected by Dr. Forsyth Major (A. 11. 12. 1902. 1); purchased. Fox (Canis vulpes) 2 , from Billingborough, Lincolnshire (A. 24. 12. 1902. 1); purchased. Two Mammal Skins (indet.) from Patagonia (A. 81. 12. 1902. 1 and 2); presented by Dr. Moreno. 54 MUSEUMS. BorantcaL DEPARTMENT. The acquisitions in this department are as follows: — Thirty-one squared samples of Australian Woods, ev Museum of Economic Forestry, Department of Forestry, Sydney (HK. 20. 1. 1902. 1-31); presented by the Botanic Gardens, Sydney, New South Wales. About seventy specimens of dried Plants, representing about forty species, from Bermuda (KE. 17. 2. 1902. 1-44); collected by Mr. H. B. Small, and presented by Mr. Robert Powell. About five hundred and thirty specimens of Plants, representing about one hundred and ninety species (H. 3. 5. 1902, 1-15: 9. 5. 1902. 1-16; 27. 5. 1902. 1-18; 5. 6. 1902. 1-29; 14. 6. 1902. 1-17; 19. 6. 1902. 1-13; 25. 6. 1902. 1.24; 16. 7. 1902. 1-17; 21. 8. 1902, 1-17; 11. 9. 1902. 1-17; 17. 9. 1902. 1-13; 25. 9. 1902. 1-22); collected for the Local Herbarium by the Assistant in the Lord Derby Museum. A piece of Lace Bark from the West Indies (E. 12. 5. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. Robert Powell. _ An abnormal flower of a Fuchsia (KE. 21. 8. 1902. 18); grown and presented by Mr. T. N. Latham. The Herbarium of the late Robert Brown, Botanical Referee, Liverpool Naturalists’ Field Club, containing British—with a large proportion Local—and American plants, and consisting of about two thousand specimens, representing about twelve hundred species (EK. 1. 9. 1902.); purchased. Two fruits of the Orange, from Sierra Leone, Africa (E. 29. 9. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer, s,s. “ Niger.” MINERALOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT... The following are the acquisitions in this Department : — Specimens of various Surface Deposits from Ireland, chiefly from Dog’s Bay, Galway, along with a photograph of the Bay and Diato- maceous Deposit from Scotland (I. 20. 1. 1902. 1-11); presented by Mr, R. Welch. ‘ MUSEUMS. 5D About a dozen specimens of Rocks from the excavations for the new Liverpool Reservoir, near Prescot (F. 25. 1. 1902. 1-2; 27. 3. 1902. 1-3; 30. 5. 1902, 1-3; 23. 7. 1902. 1); collected for the Depart- ment by the Assistant in the Lord Derby Museum. Two pieces of Sandstone from an excavation in front of the Picton Reading Room (F. 15. 2. 1902. 1): collected and presented by Mr. William S. Laverock. 5» J Piece of Coal, showing “ slickensides,” from S. Wales (7) (F. 3. 3. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. J. Waugh, per Mr. F. P. Marrat. About two dozen specimens of Minerals, chiefly Cassiterite and Orthoclase, from Perak, Federated Malay States (F. 14. 4. 1902. 1-4); presented by Mr. Cecil Wray. Three pieces of stalactitic Iron Ore from the mines, Rhydymwyn, N. Wales (F. 9. 6. 1902. 1; 1. 9. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. F. Hoyer. Piece of Coal, striated, from S. Wales (F. 15. 9. 1902. 1); presented by Mr. F. P. Marrat. Piece of Rock frem Majuba Hill, and another from the Rand, S. Africa (F. 15. 9. 1902. 2-3); presented by Mr. R. Powell. THe AQuaRIUM. The Aquarium continues to be one of the chief attractions of the Museum; special interest being taken in the Mud Fishes (Protopterus) and the Walking Fishes (Periophthalmus). . The warm water tanks for the accommodation of West African _ Fishes are far from adequate, both the Mud Fishes and Walking _ Fishes suffering from the restricted space available for them, but steps have now been taken towards a much needed extension, whereby _ the facilities for keeping the various aquatic animals in good con- dition will be greatly improved. Important donations of West African species continue to be made from time to time by Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer of the s.s. “ Nyanga.” 56 MUSEUMS. From year to year specimens of the Rainbow Trout (Salmo ircdeus) have been hatched and reared in the small Fish Hatchery in the Aquarium. In April last Mr. Clubb stripped two of the Rainbow Trout of the 1898 hatch, successfully fertilizing the eggs, which in due time hatched out, and some of the young are now upwards of five inches in length. As the fish from the various hatches increase in size, they become too large for the accommodation available, and a number of specimens of Rainbow Trout are presented each year to the Parks and Gardens Committee for distribution in the Park Lakes, and to local pisciculturists. Captain Griffiths, of the Corporation Barge ‘ Beta,” has on several occasions brought living specimens of Marine Fishes for the tanks, and on the several occasions when the Assistant Curator has been out on the “ Beta” trawling for marine specimens for the British collections, the opportunity has been taken of keeping suitable specimens alive for the Aquarium, all of which efforts have added greatly to the attractions of this section of the Museums. The following species have been exhibited alive during the year, those with an asterisk being alive at the date of this report:— Fresh Water Hydre (Hydra viridis and H. fusca); Sea-Anemones, The Crass * (Talia crassicornis); * Sagartia ornata ; Plumose Anemone (Actinoloba dianthus) ; Beadlet * (Actinia equina); Various Starfishes ; Horse Leech * (Hemopsis vorax) ; Fresh-Water Polyzoa * (Plumatella repens, Lophopus crystallinus); Edible Crab* (Cancer pagurus) ; Common Shore Crab* (Carcinus manas); Hermit Crab (Pagurus bernhardus); Spider Crabs (Stenorhynchus rostratus and Inachus dorsettensis): Slender Spider Crab (Stenorhynchus tenuirostris) ; Cleanser Swimming Crab (Portunus depurator); Shrimp (Crangon vulgaris); Prawn (Pandalus annulicornis); * Palemonetes varians: Centipede (Scolopendra sp.) : Pecten (P. opercularis) ; Cockle (Cardium aculeatum) ; Water Snail (Limmeus stagnalis); Fresh Water Eel* (Anguilla vulgaris) ; Loch Leven Trout * (Salmo levenensis); Rainbow Trout * (Salmo irideus) ; Crucian Carp* (C. carassius): Common and Mirror Carp * (Cyprinus carpio); Three spined Stickleback * (Gasterosteus aculeatus); Minnow*; Bream*; Fresh Water Gudgeon* (Gobio fluviatilis); Tench* (Tinca vulgaris); Roach* (Leuciscus rutilus); —_— MUSEUMS. 57 Pike * (Esox lucius); Perch* (Perea fluviatilis); North American Cat-fish (Amiurus catus); Central American Fresh-water Fish* (Heros facetus); Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta pugnax); Electric Cat-fish (Malapterurus electricus); African Mudfish* (Protopterus annectens); Walking Fish* (Periophthalmus koelreuteri); Sole* (Solea vulgaris); Spiked Dog-Fish (Acanthias vulgaris); Lesser Spotted Dog-fish (Seyllium canicula); Dragonet or Skulpin (Callionymus lyra); Spotted Dragonet (Callionymus maculatus); Plaice* (Plewronectes platessa and Pleuronectes microcephalus); Bloch’s Top Knot (Scophthal- mus uni-maculatus); Common Frog* and Tadpoles (Rana temporaria); Green Tree Frog (Hyla arborea); Common Toad (Bufo vulgaris); Italian Toad * (Bufo vulgaris); Crested or Great Water Newt * (Triton cristatus); Common or Smooth Newt* (Molge vulgaris); Alligator Terrapin * (Chelydra serpentina); Terrapin (Chrysemys rubriventis) ; Gecko (sp. indet.); West African Tortoise (sp. indet.); Sternothere* (Sternotherus adonsonii); Young Tartle (sp. indet.); Chameleons (Chameleon basiliscus, C. teniobronchus) ; West African Crocodiles * (Mecistops cataphractus and sp. indet.); W. African Squirrel (sp. indet.) ; West African Mongoose * (sp. indet.). SumMaRy or ACQUISITIONS. Zoological. Porifera sa ia 1 Species... $i) 8 Specimens. Celenterata ... yy iheat |e Ai ~~ Si 20 % Echinodermata ah 8) ‘ se 4 30 7 Vermes... ae ¥e i ~ es at 45 ee Polyzoa ... a2 Pern et () if; + — 20 te Arthropoda (Crustacea) ,. 22 a we no ie aD. 4 Arthropoda (Tracheata) 31 Md He ae 70 # Mollusea... vel Jot AG fe sh t..) £50 E Tunicata bi ® 6 J By es. 30 - Fishes... i tg bea ea) ‘i _ aor 80 a Amphibians _... BAS 5 - a a 6 3 Reptiles ... ae eas: 8 ns nod Me 9 mirds ||... ‘de Lamia ss | 31 sf au ith 51 i ~ Mammals ae gedehGee al + ats ib: A 188 Ss 271 675 58 MUSEUMS. Botanical. Plants .*. A ... 1,462 Species. ... ... 2,535 Specimens. Geological and Mineralogical. Rocks and Minerals... “ he rh me 55 Specimens. B.-MAYER MUSEUM. (a) GENERAL. In the Upper Gallery are being re-arranged illustrations of the history and handiwork of the various families of the Mongolian race. The balcony of the Main Hall, the Main Hall itself, and the ground floor of the Mayer Museum are all devoted to illustrations of the History, Art and Craft of the Caucasian Peoples. During the past year, wall and other cases have been placed in the Main Hall, to house the extensive collection of Egyptian Antiquities removed from the Mayer basement, which has been arranged in chronological order, from the pre-dynastic to the Roman periods. The basement is now exclusively devoted to Melanian Ethnology. Special attention is being devoted to the African collections. In regard to this department, the special thanks of the Committee are due to Sir Alfred Jones, and through his personal influence to the Members of the West African Section of the Chamber of Commerce, for the great interest they have shown in it, and the most generous offer they have made to assist in rendering it as complete a representation as possible of the Kthnology of West Africa, the region with which Liverpool is so intimately in relation. Within a short period the West African collection will have been transferred to their new.location, when the Director hopes to be able to avail himself of their offer to supplement the existing deficiencies. Numerous objects from that region have been received, as in previous years, from Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer in the service of Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Co., who have, as for many years past, been so helpful to the Museum. MUSEUMS. * 59 The painting and decorating of the walls and the laying of the basement with wood blocks in place of tiles, undertaken during the year, necessitated the closing to the public of the Mayer Museum for several weeks. The exchange of wood blocks for tiles has most beneficially reduced the noise from footsteps. In accordance with the scheme of re-arrangement, all objects illus- trating Local History and Archeology have been arranged in the first two rooms of the lower gallery of the Lord Derby Museum, and to it has been added the extensive collection of Grain Stones formed by the late Mr. Richard Bennett, and generously presented by his widow. The Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire has, by a vote of its Council, placed on permanent loan its collection of Antiquities, many of which are of great local interest. These are also exhibited in the Liverpool Room of the Local Area Collection. The extensive series of objects illustrative of the Art work of the Maoris of New Zealand, which had been deposited on exhibition for some time through the kindness of Major-General H. G. Robley, has now been returned to him. Sir Richard Temple presented through the British Museum to the Mayer Museum a selection of objects from the Nicobar Islands, the ethnography of which was not previously represented in the collection. Photographs and enlargements for the Ethnological collection still continues to be taken in the Department. Among others, photo- graphs of Thakur Bhowani Singh, of Karanli, Rajputana, were taken from life. A set has, as usual, been sent to the British Museum. Photographs of ethnographical objects and natural history subjects have been sent to the undermentioned investigators to assist in their studies, or to illustrate works on which they may be engaged : — Gloves and shoes of King Henry VIth, to Mr. W. B. Redfern, for his work on “ Historic Gloves and Ancient Shoes”; to Dr. Meyer (Dresden), and Professor Lorenz (Vienna). Besides these a large number of lantern slides, to illustrate the ‘Monday evening lectures by the Staff, has also been prepared in the _ Department. ¢ 60 MUSEUMS. (b) Loans anp Deposits. Two manuscripts (1) “Treatise on Moral Philosophy,” by St. Thomas Aquinas, German, 15th century (3), and (2) Portion of the History of Rome, by Eutropius, Italian, a.p. 1528 (43), have been lent for the use of paleographical students, to University College, Liverpool. The sheets of Hieratic Papyri, relating to the trial of tomb robbers in the XXth dynasty, lent for study to Perey E. Newberry, Hsq., at the London University, have been returned. The Mayer Museum sheets formed a portion only of the story, the main portion belonging io Lord Amherst, of Hackney, who has now had the entire papyrus published, under the editorship of Mr. Newberry. (c) ExcHANGEs. No exchanges have been effected during this year. (dZ) ACQUISITIONS. (1.) GENERAL. A collection of ancient and modern handstones (17.7.1902) for grinding grain, formed by the late Mr. Richard Bennett, Liverpool, in connection with the production of the “ History of Corn Milling,” by himself and Mr. John Elton; presented by Mrs. Bennett. The collection contains examples of all forms of saddlestones, mortars and querns, and from almost all localities, as follows :—Saddlestones and mullers (prehistoric), from Gwerwen, Anglesey; mortars (early British and Romano-British), from Anglesey; mortar and pounder, from British Hut Mounds at Bryngwran, near Tycroes, Anglesey, 1898; Scotch ‘“ Knockin’ Stane” and pounder, Stromness, 1897; Bullan stone (prehistoric), for pounding grain, discovered beneath a bed of clay in excavations during the laying out of Sefton Park, Liverpool; Saddlestone, Arauco, Chili, 1898 (modern Indian) ; Elmina and Accra, West Africa (modern) ; mullers (prehistoric), from Hissarlik, Troy; metata and muller, from Durango, Mexico; three piccin stones, West Africa (modern); Roman mortar, found at the Roman station at Warrington, 1899, by Mr. T. May; mortar and MUSEUMS. 61 pounder (ancient Indian), from Chubut, Patagonia, 1898; mortar and pounder, Chili; Roman earthenware mortars, found in excava- tions in Tokenhouse Yard, London. Pre-historic Pounders (British).—Paleolithic, from ‘Wandsworth, Barnes, Stoke Newington and Warren Hill; Neolithic, from Warren Hill, Northfleet, Dover, Culbin, Eastbourne, Icklingham, Mildenhall, Antrim, and the Pile Dwellings, Thames Mortlake. Stone pounders and mullers, from Hayti, India, Australia, New Guinea, West Indies and North America. Querns:—Upper and lower stones, from Stromness (1897), Iona (1897), and Aberdeen; upper and lower stone, from Fair Isle, Shetlands, 1898; quern, found on the island of Innishambo, Lough Corrib, Galway, in 1836; querns (modern. Irish), from Drumkeeran and Lugneskeehan, co. Leitrim; Irish pot-quern (Foster Collection) ; Romano-British quern, Anglesey; lower stones of Romano-British querns, Anglesey; Norwegian quern, mounted on grinding table, from a farm near Molde, near Christiansund, 1896; upper stone of a quern handmill, dug up in the garden of Anne Hathaway’s cottage, Stratford-on-Avon; quern (modern), Plain of Sharon, Palestine, collected 1899; model of a woman working quern in the Holy Land at present day; model of a modern variety of quern in use in the Holy Land; quern (modern), from Egypt, 1899; quern (modern), Tangiers; quern (modern), India, with tray for containing the meal, 1899; quern (modern), Hong-Kong, 1899. Mill pick, for grooving stones by hand, and plan of the grooves cut in. wood, such as were used at the Aughton Windmill, Lancashire. (2.) Ceramics. No Ceramic acquisitions have been made during the present year. (3.) ETHNOGRAPHY. PRE-HISTORIC : — Cast of a Neolithic Stone Celt (12. 11. 1902. 1), found at Warrington; presented by Mr. R. D. Darbishire. 62 MUSEUMS, MELANIAN RACE. Africa.—West and South-west Africa :— List of specimens collected and presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer in the service of Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Co. : — Grass cap (1. 4. 1902, 5), Bumba, Mandingo country. Fly-brush (7. 7. 1902. 1), Gambisarrah, River Gambia. From Sierra Leone : — Sifter (1. 4. 1902. 1); bamboo plaited hat (7. 7. 1902. 15). From Liberia : — Pair of rattles (7. 7. 1902. 2), Saas Town; carved enema (7. 7. 1902. 1), Cape Palmas; kroo-boy’s rattle (29. 9. 1902. 1). From the Ivory Coast : — Juju (Bee Sa) (1. 4. 1902. 2). From the Gold Coast :— Reed and healds for a country loom (7. 7. 1902. 4), Jellah coffee ; seven brass weights (7. 7. 1902. 6-12), used by the goldsmiths at Kumassi for weighing out gold. The weights are of various forms, as follows: —A gatling gun, native stool, human figure carrying a load on the back, a bird eating a snake, two shells, a crab, and a crab’s claw. Plaited reed hat (1. 4. 1902. 4), Little Popo. Earthenware wine vessel (7. 7. 1902. 14). The neck is in form of a human head, wearing a necklace, used by the late King of Anamaboe ; presented by King Amoono VY. of Anamaboe, per Mr. A. Ridyard. The following specimens have been presented per Mr. A. Ridyard: Model canoe (1. 4. 1902. 5), Drewin, Ivory Coast; presented by Mr. L. W. Napton. Earthenware water cooler (1. 4. 1902. 6), from Bolamo, and a Juju (1. 4. 1902. 7), from Bolamo; presented by Mr. W. FE. Tunis. MUSEUMS. 63 Earthenware water cooler (29. 9. 1902. 2), from Sin, Foundone, Senegambia; presented by Mr. W. E. Johnson, Bathurst. Knife and sheath of leather (29. 9. 1902. 3), from Sassandra, Ivory Coast; presented by Mr. J. W. Lawless, Sassandra. Appliances used in the preparation of food stuffs in West Africa, collected by Mr. A. Ridyard for the late Mr. Richard Bennett, and presented by Mrs. Richard Bennett (17. 7. 1902), as follows :—Basket sieve, Gaboon; canoe-shaped wooden bowl, Batanga, Cameroons ; wooden platter, with handle, Gaboon; wooden bowl or mortar, with handle, Gaboon ; three piccin stones, West Africa; basket sieve, tray, and wooden mortar and wooden mortar and pounder, Sierra Leone ; wooden mortar and pounder, Gaboon; wooden mortar and pounder, Boma, Congo River; mortar and pounders, from Sierra Leone, Gaboon, Congo Francais, and Boma, River Congo, 1898. South Africa : — Head-dress of ostrich feathers (3. 2. 1902. 205), worn by the _ Matabele Chief, ‘‘Gambo,” who fell in the battle of Thabasmanha, June, 1896; purchased. Stone scraper (5. 6. 1902. 1), dug up, along with an axe and arrow- head, in Swaziland; presented by Mr. W. Spencer Walton, Durban. Melanesia :— Series of photographs (3. 2. 1902. 1-205) of natives of the Pacific Islands, taken by Dr. O. Finsch; purchased. __ Pestle and mortars of ebony (17. 7. 1902), from New Guinea, from the collection of the late Mr. Richard Bennett; presented by Mrs. Bennett. _ An important collection of Ethnography (3. 6. 1902. 1-67), from the Nicobar Islands, presented by Sir Richard Temple through C. H. ‘Read, Hsq., Keeper of British and Medieval Antiquities, British uuseum, contains examples of the following specimens :— Model eanoe, with outrigger and sails; double canoe; canoe, with leaf and cloth sails; canoe, without outrigger; palm-leaf petticoats; palm- leaf fan ; coco-nut rasps; wooden figures of animals; wooden press ; 64 MUSEUMS. palm-leaf mat; bamboo tubes; fish-traps; wooden baler; model huts; coco-nut brooms; hat of plaited fibre, covered with cloth; baskets of various forms and sizes; cloth head-bands; wooden stools ; wooden bowls; wooden head-rests; palm-leaf boxes and vessels; coco-nut vessels, balers, bottles, musical instruments, &c.; palm-leaf head-bands. MONGOLIAN RACE:— America.—South :— Three head-dresses (25. 11. 1902. 1-3) of cane and parrot feathers ; case of poisoned arrows and bag (25. 11. 1902. 4): cotton garment (25. 11. 1902. 5), from the Napo and Iquitos, River Amazon; presented by Miss Jane R. Thornely. Figure of a deity (7) (6. 5. 1902. 1), Aztec (?); presented by Mr. F. Alcock. Photographs (30. 6. 1902. 1-4) of Alaskan drill bows, &e.; pre- sented by Mr. R. D. Darbishire. Malaysia :— Knife in wooded sheath (17. 2. 1902. 1); kris (17. 2. 1902. 2); kris (17. 2. 1902. 4); knife (17 purchased. . 2. 1902. 5), with carved horn handle ; Painted and carved figure of wood (1. 9. 1902. 1); purchased. Part of a set of wooden painted figures, representing native Indian castes (15. 9. 1902. 1-18) ; presented by Mr. W.S. Longriggs, through ~ Mrs. A. M. Sawer. Two Roman coins (15. 9. 1902. 19-20), found at Jubalpore, Central India; collected and presented by Sergeant W. Cromey, South Lancashire Regiment. Two pewter coins (26. 9. 1902. 1-2), = 400 to 1 dollar, struck at Trengganu; painted clay whistle (26. 9. 1902. 5), from Patani, Malay Peninsula; collected and presented by Mr. Herbert C. Robinson. Rice kibbler (17. 7. 1902), Burmah, 1899; from the collection of the late Mr. Richard Bennett, and presented by Mrs. Benneit. MUSEUMS. 65 CAUCASIAN RACE. Egypt :— Copy of the Papyrus of ‘ Ani’ (7. 7. 1902. 15), with transliteration of the hieroglyphies, &e., by F. Ll. Griffiths; presented by Mr. T. Gibson. A selection of Egyptian Antiquities (16. 9. 1902. 1-57), from the excavations at the Royal and other Tombs at Abydos, were received from the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund, as follows: — Karthenware pots; spindle whorl; slate pallette; pieces of a fire- place ; axe-head; model shell and mortar in alabaster, inscribed with the name of Tahutmes III.; three metal arrowheads: inscribed lime- stone, bearing the name of ‘ Uah-ab-ra-Apries *; string of twenty-five amulets, from the tomb of Zedher; ushabti: beads: paint rubber ; two earthenware moulds; flint knives, scrapers, flakes, and parts of knives, &e. The following casts (10. 4. 1902. 1-4) of Egyptian Antiquities, from eriginal in the British Museum, were obtained by purchase :— Statuette of ‘ Betmes,’ a high functionary of the IVth Dynasty ; statuette of ‘Amen-em-ha,’ a functionary of the XIIth Dynasty; upper part of an Egyptian Monarch, late period; head of the sarcophagus of Sebaksi. » Egyptian bronze pounder (17. 7. 1902), from the collection of the late Mr. R. Bennett; presented by Mrs. Bennett. Polynesia :— Stone pounder (17. 7. 1902), Sandwich Islands, from the collection of the late Mr. Richard Bennett, and presented by Mrs. Bennett. _ Europe :— Writ for debt (29. 4. 1902. 1) issued at Dublin, February; 1836; presented by Mr. W. H. Quilliam. Set of Mint proof English coins of Edward VII. (29. 9. 1902), viz., £0, £2, £1, half-sovereign, 5s., 4s., 2s., 1s., 6d., and 3d. ; purchased. SUMMARY OF ACQUISITIONS. Ethnography and Photographs... =. «=. «.. 568 HENRY O. FORBES, Director oF MvsEvMs. “A CORNISH IDYLL” By Walter Langley, RL. Purchased from the Autumn Exhibition, 1902, and presented to the Permanent Collection by Mr. Alderman T. W. OaksHoTT, J.P. WALKER ART GALLERY. Since the last Annual Report, the work of the Gallery has proceeded steadily and satisfactorily. No Spring Exhibition was held, and the rooms being thus left available, the opportunity was taken to re-arrange the Permanent Collection to greater advantage. The extended space rendered it possible to allow a margin of wall round each picture, the artistic merit of each work being thus made more evident and the appearance of the Collection as a whole greatly enhanced. This re-arrangement shows the necessity for additional rooms, in order that the City Art Treasures may be adequately displayed. Tn addition to this, the rooms have been requisitioned for the display of the Decorations, by C. W. Furse, for the Pendentives of the Town Hall; the models and designs for the Liverpool Queen Victoria Memorial; the Architectural Society’s Dinner; the exhibition of the original drawings, by famous Europear: painters, for a new Illustrated Bible by the proprietors of the “Illustrated London News”’; exhibition of Designs, &c., in connection with the proposed Cathedral for Liverpool; and Mr. Thomas Pegram’s loan collection of Oil Paintings and Water Colours. This collection, containing very beautiful examples of Modern Art, has been accepted on temporary loan by the Committee, and the opinion has been expressed that other private owners of valuable pictures would add to the attractions of the Gallery and the furtherance of Art knowledge, if, when opportunity served, they would allow their Art treasures to be displayed in the Gallery in any vacant rooms that may be available. In the List of Donations will be found a further contribution of Water-Colour Drawings by John Varley and George Barret, presented by James Smith, Hsq., of Blundellsands, as the nucleus of a collection of Water Colours from the time of the earliest examples. The Water-Colour Section of the City Collection is very meagre in 68 ART GALLERY. specimens at present, and it is to be hoped that a complete collection, to be arranged in chronological order, may at no distant date be acquired either by donations, bequests or purchases. The permanent Collection has continued to be an object of great interest, not only to visitors, but in Art circles in the United Kingdom and abroad. Numerous privileges for making reproductions have been granted, and the demand for these privileges still continues. In publications, such as the “Hundred Best Pictures,” ‘* The Nation’s Pictures,’ and other works of similar class, the works from the Liverpool Collection are well represented, and hold their own with examples taken from the most famous collections in the world. It will be seen from the return of attendances that about 11,000 pupils of Board and other schools visited the Autumn Exhibition by invitation of the Committee. Some of the teachers encourage the scholars to write little essays on the pictures. These are often very intelligent and interesting, and the practice is well worth cultivating, not only as calling forth the critical faculties, but as a means of impressing the works upon the memory of the young people. The Curator has noticed that lately small classes of scholars have been brought in charge of teachers to inspect the Permanent Collection, which seems to be an admirable means of making them familiar with the works of the artists of the country. It is to be feared that insufficient attention has been paid to Art in the education of the people generally, and it is found that an enormous number have no knowledge whatever of the merits or otherwise of a work of Art; and having no knowledge, take no interest in the productions of even great artists. It seems, therefore, very desirable that young people should be taught early to cultivate the faculty and taste for Art, and it should be made part of the curriculum in all schools that a know- ledge of the history and practice of Art should be taught, and thus act as a refining and intellectual influence upon the nation. CHARLES DYALL, CuRATOR. a a a “FOREST OAKS—FONTAINEBLEAU ” By Sir Ernest A. Waterlow, R.A., P.R.W.S. Purchased from the Autumn Exhibition, 1902. ART GALLERY. 69 VISITORS TO THE GALLBRY. During the year the Gallery was open 310 days, excluding Sundays. The number of visitors was 435,450, or a daily average of 1,416. This total includes 59,590 visitors to the Autumn Exhibition, besides 10,909 pupils of schools of various denominations, who were admitted free. In addition, the total attendance on Sundays was 13,343, being an average of 417. Resutts oF tHe Autumn Exureirion or Picrurss. . 1901. / 1902 | vga: er aaa by ane eho Number of Works of Art Exhibited 1,703 — | 1,598 — Number of Pictures sold setteeneanenencs| 239 — ) 169 — Amount of sales at Catalogue prices | — | 7,669 17 O —— ATS 1a. 6 Season Tickets sold «.........ces0essesecees | 3,268 | 56910 6 2,853 | 492 2 6 Admissions at One Shilling ............. | 28,396 _ 1,419 16 0 | 24,248 | 1,212 8 O “ SEEPGNCe gevecteaceeeaancns ) 20,703 . 517 11 6 17,366 ) 434 3 0 Paig Threepence .............. | 12,717 | 158 19 3 15,223 |} 1909 5 9 SIRHALORTION SOIC... 1000s adas0s-0 tyr egeans eae 19,487 | 515 9 O | 18,827 483 15 6 Commission on sales .......:seeceeeeeee: |= | 71210 | — 167 14 5 Miscellaneous Receipts ...........00..005 | — 625 12 7 — 469 14 10 Total Receipts, exclusive of sales...... — 3,808 010 | — / 3,282 6 7 * 70 ART GALLERY. Pictures LENT. The following Works have been loaned to Exhibitions, &c., as under :-— TITLE. ARTIST. “Eece Agnus Dei’’ COU VONSOUE 2, enscanteasce sien seees Mark Antony ............ CC Kenil worn. tarts scasecethe cases J. Constable, R.A. ...... MCAT VOL r roe anesesccescereeeteceses M. Greiffenhagen ‘“*A Pilgrimage ”’ “ 188 €. LT f0E 0 8 Lz O T GOST | §88T I 9 § S982 | 116 |8 8 968 | IL T ge 6 9 FL GL 90" 1 oiip O OT EE 9 §& 666 O € OS€FT | GST . O IL O1G@~ | Ste |6 Fr Essie |9 6 ST 9 6 61 89F |0 FT GLP 9 F OLE 9 F 686 O ST FEF'T | TS8I OF 2eS6Sa eels ep Gr Uektee| TOOT |g € 4 60¢ 0 OL 66F 9 GI 68h, 19 F FLz O TE 6PFT | OSST O ST 6ST'6 | 493 |0 GT osc'eg |O LT 2 | 0 GG 70g? A iror ) og¢ 6 IT 81g 9 TL BIZ O GL OTST | GL8T O FI G2e'9 | ces | OLA 6SI't | F O BFT 0 | 9 § 99 | 9 FH gzG 0 ¢ &aF 9 6 O&€ O LT $96'T | SL8T O TE s960T | 106 | 8 I 108'e |% F ST |G |T OL FS |0 FT. tPF € § 6IP ag O G&L 826T | LLST O OT 498'8 | Sct | OL ST GOr's | 4 OT 6 € OG 10g == (Ola . Lae 9 Lb G8 9 6 98 0 O S8IT‘T | 9LST 9 ST 66Z°GE | SFE | TT LT 90F'% |B 6 TI | 0 & FT 6L1Z Oly WU, stones 0 FL L&% 9 igh 0 &T &GL6 | cree O €1 FIS6 | Aee | 9 EL OL6T 10 4 G |g 90 LH |9 OT IST € &L 1% ie 0 9T #98 | PLST 9 LE COWL | TAG | € LT 99c¢T |0 OLzZ (0) 9 LT 664 |-9 8 96 & OT 62% Fe 0 sf g99 €L8T 9 + T6&Q9 | Ge |S 8 goe'tT |e STe 0 9 0 891 |9 9 6¢ 9 & QF 9 6 GLI 0 ¢ TO9 GLST 9 @ S6G9 | Seo |r ¢& ere | P F -9 9 OO Sole Oa co 9 FT L0G coy O OL O@L TLST “Pp dt F “ON “Pp SENS F “p acy F ‘Pp “Pp “gs sg i a 2 2) F “‘p a F a ee) F _ |! Pp 8 atl rng 2 , *plos | ? home ae ‘ootiadooryy, ‘oouedxig = | “BULTTIITS auG cr OFS BESO Te | Aaa see ROT Del OS stoi | moptae: ne ica wae ae Beers CER = . TLOTSSTULMOD, | | : | . “SNOISSINGY — , po ; TE re ee “Tm ot ean eed PRESENTED 17 JUN. 1904 FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE FREE PUBLIC MUSEUMS OF THE CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st Drcemprr, 1903. (Reprint of the General Report and of the Museums’ portion only of the Lteport of the Committee of the Free Public Library, and Walker Art Gallery). Museums, LIVERPOOL : 7 C. Tinting anp Co., Privina Contractors, 53, Vicrorta STREET, 1904, COMMITTEE AND OFFICERS for the Year 1903-1904. THE RIGHT HONOURABLE ROBERT ALFRED HAMPSON, J.P. LORD MAYOR. Gomunittee : ALDERMAN SIR WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, D.L., J.P., CHAIRMAN. ROBERT D. HOLT, ESQ., D.L., J.P., DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN. ALEXANDER ARMOUR, ESQ., MICHAEL E. KEARNEY, ESQ., ARCHIBALD BATHGATE, ESQ., | ALDERMAN JOHN LAWRENCE, J.P., EDWIN BERRY, ESQ., JOHN LEA, ESQ, J.P., LIEUT.-COL. SIR A. H. BROWN, FRANK J. LESLIE, ESQ., BART., M.P., ALFRED 8. COLLARD, ESQ., J.P., ALD. M. HYSLOP MAXWELL, J.P., ALDERMAN A. COMMINS, LL.D., i ARTHUR CROSTHWAITE, ESQ., PROFESSOR A. M. PATERSON, M.D., WILLIAM EVANS, ESQ., J.P., ALEXANDER A. PATON, ESQ., FRANCIS J. HARFORD, ESQ., ALDERMAN J. N. STOLTERFOHT, J. HARRISON JONES, ESQ., LIEUT.-COL. W. HALL WALKER, M.P. Director of Wusenms : HENRY O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S. Assistant Curator of ord Derby Wuseum: JOSEPH A. CLUBB, M.Sc. Assistant Curator of Raver Musenm: P, ENTWISTLE. GENERAL REPORT. My “ foreword” to our annual report must be one of satisfaction and congratulation. In every department of our work there has _ been activity and progress, and the Committee’s endeavour to render _ the important institutions under their charge both instructive and entertaining, has undoubtedly met with a large measure of success. A great popular movement must have its critics, some entirely honest, others (the more numerous class) lack that knowledge of practical Library and Museum work to make their criticism of much value; and, perhaps, the greatest fallacy which underlies the remarks upon our institutions which we read so often in the daily and periodical press, is that our Libraries are not sufficiently educa- tional and cater too much for the readers of light literature. Free Public Libraries ought in the first place to be entertaining and attractive; it is only when they succeed in this that they can achieve their second and still greater object, that of being educa- ‘tional and instructive. The first step towards the success of free libraries is to teach people not only how to read but to love reading tor its own sake. We cannot do this by placing in their hands books which do not appeal to them or interest them, but we can lead them step by step from the simple story of everyday life which awakens in their hearts chords of responsive sympathy and mterest, and they will pass on, it may be slowly but surely, to more Serious reading, that which enters into their daily lives and, perhaps, assist them to make the fruit of their toil richer and more productive. Mr. Andrew Carnegie, in dedicating so much of his princely Wealth to the Free Library movement, has undoubtedly struck the very note of what makes for the prosperity of the multitude by GENERAL REPORT. In Liverpool we can claim to have led the way in popularising the Library by striking off as far as possible all red tape. A man can stroll in from the street and take up a volume of the most recent literature without anyone asking him a question, and, so far, we are happy to say, this confidence in our readers has not been misplaced. Our catalogues facilitating the labour of readers in special subjects, and our boys’ libraries also with special catalogues, indicate our desire to extend the usefulness of our institutions; and the large and growing issues of books prove that this policy is fully appreciated. Great progress has been made in arranging the new Museum galleries; and in the course of a few months the work will be so far advanced that the extent and value of the material at our disposal, and the scientific classification which has been adopted in its display, will alike commend themselves to public approval, for while the naturalist wishing to pursue original investigation will find his work greatly facilitated, equally the schoolboy will find much to encourage and assist him in his holiday rambles in search of natural history specimens. The Museum will thus, it is hoped, fulfil the highest mission of a museum—to popularise and extend a love of nature, and to bring many of its hidden mysteries within the consideration and reach of students. The Council is earnestly asked to consider the necessity of pro- viding adequate accommodation for the pictures constituting our permanent gallery. For six months in each year a large portion of those pictures have to be taken down to make room for the Autumn exhibition, and not only are the public thus deprived of the pleasure of seeing them during this long period, but there is always some risk — in moving works of art, and it is scarcely encouraging to donors to see their gifts so frequently displaced. The necessary extensions will cost probably £14,000, and when it is borne in mind that this grand and unique group of buildings and their contents—the £ GENERAL REPORT. Library, Art Gallery and Museum—form a most valuable asset of the Corporation, which cannot be estimated at less than £800,000 or £1,000,000, and that they are to a very large extent the gifts of our generous citizens, this further expenditure of money now required is neither extravagant nor unreasonable. Mr. Dyall, the Curator of the Art Gallery, has retired after twenty- seven years’ service. Liverpool owes to him a deep debt of gratitude for his earnest and successful labours in building up the Permanent Collection of Pictures, and in establishing the Autumn Exhibitions, which now hold such a high position in the esteem of the art world. WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, Chairman. THE MUSEUMS. The Director of Museums furnishes the Fifty-first Annual Report upon the conpucr and proGREss of the Museums. I.— GENERAL. Tue Free Pusnric Museums comprise : — (A) the Lorp Dersy Museum, of which the nucleus was the collections bequeathed in 1851 to the City, by the Thirteenth Earl of Derby. It contains both the Local Area ana the Systematic Zoological, Geological, Mineralogical, and Botanical Departments, and in addition an Aquarium, containing both Fresh and Salt Water Animals, Amphibians and Reptiles. (B) the Mayrr Museum, the larger part of which was collected and presented to the Corporation in 1867, by Joseph Mayer, Esq., F.8.A. These collections are specially rich in (a) Egyptian, Babylonian, and Assyrian Antiquities ; (b) Medieval European Ivories, Bronzes and Illuminated Manuscripts; (c) the unrivalled Brian- Faussett Anglo-Saxon Collection ; (d) the Mather Miniatures ; and (e) the very important Pottery Collections, conspicuously rich in Wedgwood and Old Liverpool Wares, arranged now in the section devoted to tbe handiwork of Caucasian men. Associated with this Museum, as belonging to the subjects illustrated by it, though not forming to any large extent part of the Mayer Bequest, are (7) the collections - illustrating the ethnography of the Mongolian and Melanian races. The building, in which these collections are housed, was erected at the cost of the late Sir William Brown, in October, 1860. The Exhibition Galleries are open free to the public, as under: — During January, November, and December .. from 10 to 4 : February i yi Ad ... 5, 10 to 4-80 S March and October... 74) BERS: ORO eG "5 3 April to September ... x. Sk cies Pb 5 2m 2 fs Also on Monday Evenings during January to) March, and October to December Ag 7 to 10 4 MUSEUMS. The Museums are closed on Sundays and Fridays (except the Fridays of Whit-, Haster- and Christmas-Weeks) throughout the year, as well as on Christmas Day, and days of Public Fast and Thanksgiving. The Museums were represented by the Director at the British Association, which met at Southport under the presidency of Sir Norman Lockyer, K.C.B., LL.D., F.R.S., in September, but through ill-health he was unable to attend the Museums Association, which met at Aberdeen in July. Since 1896, a period of eight years, 54,199 specimens of Natural History and 7,043 specimens of Ethnography, totalling close upon 61,242 specimens, have been added to the collection. Il.—VisiTors. During the year there has been a considerable increase in the number of visitors to the Museums, compared with that of the previous year, as shown by the averages in the following table: 1902. 1903. (263 Days) (263 Days) Total Visitors “a ay, ed ae 310,472 ed 499,431 Weekly Average 0.00 ote os 5,970 ps 9,604 Daily Average a oe aes ae 1,175 a 1,898 The attendance of school children under the charge of teachers has been well maintained, over 1,000 children and 50 teachers having availed themselves of the clause in the Education Code, whereby time devoted to instruction in Museums reckons as school attendance. School teachers are making increased use of the Museum theatre to give special lessons to their pupils-——specimens being brought from the Museum cases for illustrating them. Such a course is found to be of greater educational value than merely a general visit with no specific object. On many occasions lectures and demonstrations have been given by members of the Staff, on arrangement having previously been made with the teachers and the Director, MUSEUMS. 5 Persons desirous of employing the Museums for the purpose of research, reference or sketching may, by application to the Director, and on giving satisfactory references, obtain tickets enabling them to enter on Fridays, when special facilities are afforded students. Tickets were issued, as usual, during the year (chiefly) to Artists and Students of Natural History, Osteology and Dental Anatomy, who have made extensive use of the collections, mainly on the days when the Museums were closed to the public. The following, among others, have visited the Museums during the year for the purpose of inspecting the collections or other special object: —W. F. Wright, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, U.S.A.; F. W. Rudler, Geological Museum, London; Professor M. O. Elton, University, Liverpool; R. J. Ussher, Cappagh, Waterford; Professor Bashford Dean, New York; Professor and Mrs. Flinders Petrie, F.R.S.; Dr. Smith Woodward, F.R.S.; J. Horne, F.R.S.; Mr. H. Balfour, Oxford: Professor Symington, F.R.S., Queen’s College, Belfast; Myr. J, Garstang; Sir Henry Howarth, F.R.S., a Trustee of the British Museum; Major Williams, Madras; Professor Strong; Mr. T. B. Hall; Mr. E. Dukinfield Jones; Rev. E. U. Savage; Mr. H. Duckworth and Mr. W. L. H. Duckworth, M.A., Jesus College, Cambridge; Dr. Storie Dixon, University of Sydney, Mr. H. L. Hobson, British Museum : Mr. F. G. Apthorpe, Oxford. ITI.—Lectrures. Twenty-two lectures were delivered by members of the Staff on Monday evenings, in the Theatre of the Museums. They were illustrated by specimens from the Museums and by lantern slides. The total attendance at the lectures was 4,817, average per evening 218, the audiences belonging to a more educated class than formerly. The following is a list of the subjects :—- A course of three lectures on “ Life in a drop of Pond Water” was given by the Assistant in the Lord Derby Museum, Mr, W. S. Laverock, M.A., B.Sc., on January 12th, 19th and 26th. 6 MUSEUMS. A course of six Lectures on ** Native Lite in New Guinea and the Solomon Islands” was given by the Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum, Mr. P. Entwistle, from February 2nd to March 9th. Three lectures on ‘* Egyptian Antiquities” were given by the Director of Museums, from March 16th to 50th. At the Lecture of the 30th, the mummy of a lady named Aut-aa of the XXVI. Dynasty (660-590 B.c.) was unwrapped before the audience to illustrate his lecture on “The Mummy.” ‘The face was found in a remarkable state of preservation, the hands crossed upon the breast, but the flesh had apparently been removed from the limbs before enswathement of the body. The beautifully manufactured cloth in which it was wrapped, however, had been used for another mummy at a much earlier date. A course of ten Lectures on * The Physiological Functions of Man and Animals,” was given by the assistant Curator of the Lord Derby Museum, Mr. Joseph A. Clubb, M.Se. :— Oct. 12th—‘ Man: A Machine.” Oct. 19th—* The Skin and Skeleton.” Oct. 26th.—** Muscle and Nerve.” Noy. 2nd and 9th.—** The Heart and the Blood.” Noy. 16th and 23rd.—* The Digestive Function.” Noy. 50th and Dec. 7th—** The Respiratory Function.” Dec. 14th.—** The Sense Organs.” A. LORD DERBY MUSEUM. ZootocicaL DrvarrMyent. (a) GENERAL. ‘The Director has much pleasure m testifying to the care and attention to duty given by all the members of the Staff. Several dredging exeursions have been undertaken during the year to the estuary of the Mersey and the Irish Sea, for the purpose of obtaining specimens for the Local Collection of Marine Fauna, with which the Museum has for a long time been very poorly MUSEUMS. 7 provided. These excursions have been rendered possible through the kindness of the City Engineer's Department, the Sanitary Sub- Commitee having given permission for the Director to occasionally place members of the staff on board the “ Beta,” when on its periodic visits to the “ Deposit Grounds,” near the North-West Lightship. This vessel has been utilised also for the purpose of bringing fresl: seawater from beyond the North-West Lightship for supplying the Aquarium. The thanks of the Committee are due to Captain Griffiths for his most willing help and courtesy during not only the trips on which the officers have accompanied him, but on those frequent occasions when he has brought in objects of interest to the Museum which have fallen in his way. These excursions have already resulted in the acquisition of some hundreds of specimens, mostly unrepresented previously in the collection, including many very rare forms. The Science Cabinets, containing properly identified and labelled specimens, on selected subjects, have been distributed to the various Elementary Schools in the City as in former years; applications have also become more numerous for specimens for object lessons (mainly Natural History), and for the series of Technical Applances on loan from the Museums. The increase in the applications for Museum specimens has necessitated considerable additions to the loan collections. This educational feature, which has for its purpose the promotion of scientific teaching throughout the City, is being more and more appreciated. Numerous applications have been made to the Director by educational authorities, not only in England but in America for information as to the working of the system. It may not be out of place to take here a general survey of what has been accomplished during the 17 months since the end of July, 1902, when the extension of the Museums was finally completed, and the first of the new metal cases for equipping the enlarged galleries was delivered, the date at which it became possible, _ at last, after four years of building, to commence the re-arrangement of the Museums. 8 MUSEUMS. The form and framework of the new cases, which are made of gun- metal (in two sizes 7ft. Gin. high by 8ft. 9in. long by 5ft. wide, and 7ft. Gin. high by 8ft. 9in. long by 2ft. Gin. wide), has resulted from the careful examination and study by the Director and Mr. Ashworth (of Messrs. Haigh & Co., Liverpool) of the most approved cases in the chief museums of Europe and America, together with numerous experiments as to the best section of the corners conducted by the latter in consultation with the Director. The general appearance of the cases, as can be seen from the views of a single case in Plate I. and in Plates II. and III. of the newly-arranged galleries, is extremely light and elegant; but what is chiefly important, they have proved perfectly dust-proof, their efficiency in this respect being due to the special design devised for the frame- work for receiving the single sheet-glass sides and top, and to the construction of the floor. Each case stands four-square on the floor, so that its contents may be examined from all sides. Thus the wall- space is entirely left free--and its value for this purpose cannot be over-estimated— for the exhibition of diagrams, drawings and labels. The shelves are in most cases of a single plate-glass sheet, supported on an almost concealed wrought-iron frame of novel design. The cases are easily transportable to any part of the building as required, by being elevated on to a couple of rubber- tyred wheeled planks, specially designed for the purpose in the Museum. On the upper floor of the Lord Derby Museum, the room formerly known as No. 1 Bird Room, has been re-cased and fitted up with a series of specimens introductory to the study of the Vertebrata. This room opens into the long horse-shoe gallery in which the systematic series are being arranged. By the close of the year 74 metal cases had been built, delivered and fitted up, and im these the entire series of the mammalia, the bulk of the non- passerine birds and part of the reptilia, have been arranged in systematic order. On the floor beneath, the ceramics and archeology, and also the entire series of the mammals and part of the birds, from the Local area, as well as the botany of the same region have been displayed or, according to circumstances, freshly arranged in their natural surroundings, for which 16 gun-metal — MUSEUMS. 9 cases, newly apportioned, have been built and furnished with internal fittings. The Herbarium occupying the Botanical room in the transept to this floor, has also, during the past 16 months, been entirely mounted on paper as well as fixed in ten wing-frames, specially constructed for its exhibition. Iu the Taxidermist’s Department there have been prepared for display in the lower horse-shoe galleries, 430 freshly stufted and mounted mammals and birds, 945 others cleaned, relaxed and partially re-stufted, besides 246 skeletons articulated, repaired or cleaned. In addition in this Department, over 70 rock-work sylvan or water-scenes have been planned and constructed, besides -close on TOO stands appropriately treated for the exhibition of solitary specimens. In these 17 months, therefore, 1,625 animals and 770 stands have been dealt with in the 'Taxidermist’s preparation room. In the Carpenters’ shops, in addition to all the ordinary repairs and fittings, there have been made during the same period over 1,950 new stands, large supports or pedestals to receive the results of the Taxidermists’ work, in addition to the devising and making of several massive polished mahogany platforms, and the alteration and reconstruction of numerous old cases, drawers and cabinets. The floors and inside of the frames of the new cases have all been “painted, and the stands polished, varnished or enamelled by the Museum staff. Encircling two of the galleries on the upper floor an extensive series of cabinets has been erected to contain the study collections for the use of students, and in these have, during this period, been carefully arranged the exotic and British birds, many thousands number, so as to be now available for use by specialists. They have already been consulted not only by many local naturalists, but During the past year a printer has been placed on the establish- ‘nt, whose time has been continuously filled in printing, glazing, and framing labels for the exterior of the cases indicating their 10 MUSEUMS. general contents. The complete and adequate labelling of the individual specimens has been necessarily postponed until these general labels have been completed; but the latter, also, are now being proceeded with. Catalogues cannot be compiled in a day, because each object to be catalogued requires close examination and often prolonged study before its full history can be set out. It is extremely to be desired that Guides to the completed sections could be provided for the use of visitors, but the Director sees little hope of their preparation for some time to come, as every hour of the present, far from adequate, staff is already fully occupied in getting the general arrangement of the galleries blocked out and made presentable. During the present year also has been published, as a special Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums, wider the editorship of the Director, The Natural H istory of Sokotra and Abd-cl-Kuri, con- taining in detail, the scientific results of the Expedition undertaken in 1898-9 to these islands (ef. Annual Report 1898, p. 29), by the Director and Mr. W. O. Grant of the British Museum. The volume contains 598 8vo. pages, 34 full page plates, 24 of them hand- coloured, and 88 illustrations in the text. Twenty-two distinguished specialists have greatly obliged the Committee by assisting in — working out the collections, and contributing each a section to the work. One hundred and eighty-five species are described in the— volume as new to science, besides a number of new genera. It is gratifying to record, that in the various reviews which have appeared in the Scientific Journals, The Natural History of Sokotra has been spoken of in terms of high commendation, as “ an important addition to Zoological Science,” ** due to the enlightened liberality of the Museums Committee of the City Council.” (b) CONSERVATION. All the collections on exhibition have so far as pressure on the staff has permitted been periodically examined, duste and kept free from moth or other pest. The store cabine and tanks, containing specimens preserved in fluid, have also beei systematically gone over for the purpose of renewing the spirit « MUSEUMS. 11 other preservative. The store cabinets have also had attention, the entomological collections especially frequent examination. constant requiring (c) Loans. The following loans of Museum specimens for purposes of scientific investigation were made during the year :— Specimen of Coccothraustes rulgaris @, twenty-three specimens of _the genus Passer and three of the genus Petronia were lent to or. Hartert, Esq., Tring Museum. (_) Presents. a During the year the Museum Collections have been enriched by a large number of presentations, of which the following deserve Special mention :— F, A collection of Exotic Moths (Indo- Malayan) from Assam; presented by Ernest Swinhoe, Esq., Avenue House, Oxford dedi p. 14). __A large collection of Insects, consisting of over 2,500 sp.cimens ; presented by the ‘Trustees of the British Museum (see p. 14). _ A collection of Shells representing 142 species ; presented by Dr. Lawton Roberts, Ruabon (see p. 16). _ A collection of 8. American Fishes and Reptiles from the River * 4 ed ee C.B. (see p. 18). _A collection of mounted British Birds; presented by D. C. Seott, isq., Oxton (see pp, 18, 19). (¢) EXcHancEs. he Veterinary Department, Liverpool University, received keletons of the Horse, Dog, Cat, in exchange (to be sent at a ter date) for specimens of West African Mammals: and Prof. ashford Dean, of New York, personally received a specimen of the Mud-fish (Protopterus) for an exchange to be arranged later. 12 MUSEUMS. « Ee (f) AcQuisrrions. INVERTEBRATES— Porifera (Sponges). One Sponge (indet.) (D. 5. 5. 1908. 7). Five Sponges (Suberites domuncula), commensal on shell with Hermit Crabs from the Mersey estuary (D. 7. 5. 1903. 13. and D. 22. 6. 1903. 8); collected with the trawl from the s.s. ‘‘ Beta,” by the Assistant Curator and the Laboratory Assistant. Sponge (Halichondria panicea) from Leasowe (D. 27. 7. 1903. 1) ; purchased. Coelenterata (Zoophytes, Sea Anemones, etc.) Three Sea Anemones (T'ealia crassicornis) from Leasowe (D. 5. 6. 1903. 1): purchased. Hight Ctenophores (Cydippe pileus); three species of Zoophyte (Antennularia ramosa, Sertularia polyzonias, and Garvreia nutans) ; a number of Sea Anemones (Actinoloba dianthus) (D. 22. 7. 19038. 4); Colonies of Zoophytes (Sertularia operculata and Hydractinia echinata) from the Mersey estuary (D. 18. 9. 1903. 18 and 19, and D. 22. 6. 1905. 7 and 16-18); collected with the trawl from the s.s. “ Beta,” by the Assistant Curator and the Laboratory Assistant. Echinoderms (Star-fishes, Sea-urchins, &c.) Two Feather Star-fishes (Antedon bifida), four Star-fishes. (Solaster papposus) (D. 21. 4. 1903. 6 and 7); ten Brittle Star-fishes (D. 3. 7. 1903. 1), from the estuary of the Mersey: collected and presented by Capt. Griffiths, s.s. ‘‘ Beta.” Two Cake-urchins (indet.) from New Zealand (D. 10. 6. 1903. 148); presented by Dr. Lawton Roberts. Rosy Feather Star (Antedon bifida) (D. 7. 5. 1908. 12): four species of Star-fish (Astropecten irregularis, Henricia sanguinolenta, Ophiura ciliaris (4), and Antedon bifida); and three specimens of Spatangus— purpureus (D. 22. 6. 1903. 10-13): eleven Star-fishes (Astropecten ivreguaris, Ophiura ciliaris, Ophiopholis aculeata) (D. 18. 9. 1903. 9-11), from the Mersey estuary; collected with the trawl from the s.s. ‘ Beta,”’ by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. . * Photograph (platinotype) of rock-pool, showing specimens of Kehini in situ (D. 21. 9. 1903. 1); purchased. MUSEUMS. 1s Two Sea-urchins (D. 15. 10. 1903. 1): presented by Miss Bell, 283, Canning Street. Vermes (Worms, etc.) ; Four Sea-mice (Aphrodite aculeata) (D. 21. 4, 1908. 5, and D. 5. 5. 1903. 5), one Annelid tube, one Sea-leech (Pontobdella muricata) (D. 5. 5. 1903. 4 and 6), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Capt. Griffiths, s.s. ‘‘ Beta.” - Mass of Sand tube-worms (Sabellaria spinulosa) (D. 21.5. 1903. 11), a Gephyrean (Thalassema sp.) (D. 22. 7. 1903. 5), number of Annelids (Nereis fucata) commensal with Hermit Crabs, and a Sea-mouse (Aphrodite aculeata) (D. 7. 5. 1908. 15 and 16); collected with the trawl from the s.s. ‘‘ Beta,’”’ by the Assistant Curator and the Labora- tory Assistant. Horse Leech (Haemopsis vorax) from pond in Cheshire (D. 1. 7. 1903. 1). Polyzoa. Colony of Vesicularia spinosa (D. 22. 7. 1908. 1) ; Colonies of Cellepora armata and Idomonea serpens (D. 18. 9. 1908. 16 and 17), from the Mersey estuary ; collected with the trawl by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. Arthropoda. Crustacea (Crabs, Lobsters, etc.) _ Two Swimming Crabs (Portwrus depurator), each with a Parasitic Cirripede (Sacculina carcini) (D. 5. 5. 1908. 8), from the estuary of the coy collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, s.s. “ Beta.” Twelve minute Porcelain Crabs (Porcellana longicornis), seven Crabs (Pilumnus hirtellus), and one young edible Crab (Cancer pagurus) (D. 21. 5. 1903. 8-10). A number of Hermit Crabs (Zupagurus bernhardus), each with commensal annelid (Nereis (Nereilepas) yucata); Shrimps (Egeon fasciatus and sp.); Prawns; Galathea sp.; Spider Crab (Hyas coarctatus) (D. 7.5. 1903. 7-11); Shrimp (Eyeon fasciatus) ; four Slender Spider Crabs (Inachus dorynchus); Crab (Pilumnus hirtellus) (D. 18. 9. 1903. 12-15), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant by the the trawl from the ss. “ Beta,” 14 MUSEUMS. — Grab (Corystes carsirelaunus) from Llanddwyn Bay, Anglesea. (D. 31. 12. 1908. 17): presented by T. Coward, Bowden. Tracheata (Insects, Spiders, etc.) Beetle (indet.) and two Grasshoppers (indet.) from West Africa (D. 12. 1. 1903. 1 and 2): presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Three Lantern Flies (indet.). one Seorpion (indet.), and one Larva (indet.) from the Amazon (D. 7. 2. 1903. 1-3); presented by Capt. Wilson, s.s. ‘‘ Mapo,” 53, Ampthill Road, Liverpool. Five Beetles and one wood-boring Beetle (indet.) (D. 7. 4. 1903. 1, and D. 2. 6. 1903. 1), one Longicorn Beetle and larva (D. 20. 7. 1903. 1 and 2); presented by Mr. Swan, 10, Viola Street, Stanley Road, Bootle. Collection of Exotic Moths (Indo-Malayan), consisting of 120 specimens representing 36 genera and 60 species, from Assam (D. 11. 6. 1908. 1-60): presented by Ernest Swinhoe, Esq., Avenue House, Oxford. Ten larve of Lepidoptera, representing 5 species (indet.) (D. 12. 12. 1903. 1-5) from Florida, U.S.A.: presented anonymously. Thirty-one specimens of Malayan Lepidoptera from Malay Peninsula and Siamese-Malay States, representing 8 genera and 16 species, among which may be mentioned Catopsilia scylla g and 2, Terias hecabe § and ¢, Doleschallia pratipa 3, Papilio malayanus g and 9, P. helenus, Cyrestis trme-martinei, and C. periander (D. 3b. 12. 1903. 1-16) ; collected and presented by Messrs. Nelson Annandale, and H. C. Robinson. Collection of Indian Lepidoptera, consisting of some 234 specimens (D. 30. 7. 1903. 14): presented by J. Kirk Crooke, Esq., Water Street, Liverpool. A number of small Beetles and larvee, found in specimen of Indian corn from West Africa (D. 31. 7. 1903. 1-4); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. A large collection of Insects, consisting of over 2,500 specimens embracing Butterflies, Moths, Beetles, Grasshoppers, Flies, ete. 3 5. 8. 1903, 14); presented by the Trustees of the British Museum. — MUSEUMS. 15 Specimens of Mimetie Lepidoptera (Papilio agestor and Danais lytia, Euploe linnei and Papilio zausa, Epicopeta polydora, Papilio philoxenus and Papilio aristolochi@) (D. 14. 8. 1903. 1-7): purchased. Photograph (platinotype) showing brood of Caterpillars of Vanessa io on nettle (D. 26. 9. 1903. 2): purchased. Collection of Indian Lepidoptera, consisting of 366 specimens, representing 69 genera and 136 species (D. 26. 9. 1903. 1-136) ; purchased. Ten species of Moths and a Longicorn Beetle (D. 2. 12. 1903. 1-11); presented by Mr. G. Griffiths. Mollusea (Shells, etc.) Twenty-one Shells (7 Haliotis sp. and 14 Spirula sp.) from Las Palmas, Grand Canary (D. 25. 2. 1903. 1-2): presented by Mrs. E. Bickersteth, “ Blair Athol,’’ Park Road West. Thirteen Cuttle-fish (2 Moschites cirrosa, 5 Rossia macrosoma, and 6 _ Sepiola atlantica) (D. 21. 4. 1908. 1-4), ore Cuttle-fish (Moschites cirrosa) (D. 5. 5. 1903. 1), and six Pecten opercularis (D. 5. 5. 1903. 2), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Capt. Grifiiths, ss. “ Beta.” Five Cowries (Cyprea hirundo) (D. 1. 5. 1903); presented by Mr Pr. P. Marrat. Three Cuttle-tish (Moschites cirrosa, Rossia macrosoma and Loligo media), six Shells and Animals of Mactra elliptica (D. 7. 5. 1903. 1-2, 3 and 4), number of Shells and Animals of Tapes pullustra, Saxicara r gosa, Pecten varius, Trochus zizyphinus, Buccinum undatum, Shell ‘and Animal of Fusus antiquus and one Sea Slug (L'ritonia hombergi) (D. 21. 5. 1908. 1-7), three Whelks (Fusus islandicus var. propinquus and F. antiquus), three Cuttle-fishes (Moschites cirrosa and Loligo nedia, seven Sea Slugs (EKolis angulata and Doto jragilis) (D. 22. 6. 1903. 1-6), nine Cuttle-fishes (Sepiola atlantica and Loligo marmore), two Sea Slugs (Tritonia hombergi and Doris johnstoni), three Clams (Pecten opercularis, P. varius, Natica sp., Astarte falcata), (D. 18. 9. 1903, 1-8), from the estuary of the Mersey; trawled by the Assistant Curator and the Laboratory Assistant from s.s. “ Beta,” 16 MUSEUMS. Collection of Shells consisting of 274 specimens comprising 66 genera and 142 species from various localities (chiefly foreign) (D. 10. 6. 1903. 1-142); presented by Dr. Lawton Roberts. Tunicata (Sea-squirts, etc.) Two species of simple Acidians from the Mersey estuary (D. 22. 7. 1908. 2 and 3), a number of specimens of Stycla grossularia and Molgula sp. (D. 18. 9. 1903. 20 and 22) ; collected with the trawl from the s.s. ‘‘ Beta,’ by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. VERTEBRATES— Fishes. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) (C. 2. 1. 1903. 1) from Newsham Park ; collected and presented by Mr. Arthur Jones, 2, March Road, Anfield. Wolf Fish (Anarrhichas lupus) (C. 10. 1. 1903. 1) from Dundee presented by Mr. Perkins, St. John’s Market. Sixty-four Walking Fish (Periophthalmus koelreuteri) (33 living) (31 in preservative) (C. 12. 1. 1903. 1 et seq. and 2 et seq.) and forty- four ditto (12 living, 82 in spirit) (C. 28. 7. 03. 1 et seq.), from Bonny, West Africa; presented by Mr. Fred Green, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Thirty Fish (indet.) (C. 7. 2. 1908. 1. et seq.) from the River Amazon: collected and presented by Capt. Wilson, s.s. “ Mapo,” 58, Ampthill Road, Fulwood Park. One Lemon Dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus) (C. 22. 4. 1903. 1), one Seald Fish (Arnoglossus laterna) and one Gurnard (Trigla gurnar- dus) (C. 5. 5. 1908. 1 and 2) and one Sole (Solea vulgaris) (C. 3. 7. 1908. 1.), trawled from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Capt. Griffiths, s.s. ‘‘ Beta.” Two Dragonets (Callionymus lyra), two Gurnards (T'rigla gurnardus), one Whiting (Gadus luscus var. blotchii), four Whiting (Gadus merlangus), one Seald Fish (Arnoglossus laterna), one Lemon Dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus) and one Sand Lance (Ammodytes lanceo- latus) (C. 7. 5.1903. 1-7); one Sole (Solea vulgaris), one Lemon Dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus), one Ray (Raia sp. juv.), one Five-bearded Rockling (Onus mustela) and one Conger Eel (Conger vulgaris) (C. 21, 5, 1903, 1-5); two Sand Lance (Ammodytes lanceolatus), two MUSEUMS. 17 Seald Fisk (Arnoglossus laterna), three Dragonets (Callionymus maculatus) and ten Spotted Gobies (Gobius minutus) (C. 22. 6. 1903. 1-4); one John Dory (Zeus faber), number of Spotted Gobies (Gobius minutus) and two young Cod (Gadus callarius) (C. 22. 7. 03. 1-3); one Sole (Solea rulgaris) and two Spotted Gobies (Gobius minutus) — (C. 18. 9. 1903. 1 and 2); trawled from s.s. “‘ Beta’ N.W. of the Novth West Lightship by the Assistant Curator and the Laboratory Assistant. Nineteen Hag (Myaine glutinosa) (C. 10. 6. 1903. 1); presented by ~ Dr. Lawton Roberts, Ruabon, North Wales. en de eee @ ome a wel del oh 6 ees ok Eighty-seven Walking Fish (Periophthalmus koelreuteri) (38 alive and ~ 49 in preservative fluid) (C. 22. 10. 1903. 1 et seq.), from Opobo, West Africa: presented by Frank Hooper, Esy., per Mr. A. Ridyard. Eggs of Shark (Cestracion philippi) (C. 10. 7. 1903. 1), presented _ by Mr. F. C. Marrat ; and (C. 17. 7. 1903. 1), presented by Mr. Alan Croston, of Yokohama, per Mr. Richmond Smith. Reptiles. Forty-four Snakes (indet.), one Turtle (indet.), and one Lizard — (indet.) (B. 7. 2. 1908. 1, 2 and 8), in preservative fluid, from the Amazon: collected and presented by Captain Wilson, of the s.s. ~**Mapo,” 53, Ampthill Road, Fulwood Park. Two Limbless Lizards (Anguis fragilis) (B. 26. 3. 1903. 1), from Ruthin, North Wales; collected and presented by Mr. A. Pinnington, 318, Stanley Road, Bootle. Lizard (Lacerta sp.) (B. 7. 4. 1908. 1): collected and presented by \ r. Swan, 10, Viola Street, Bootle. — Two young Crocodiles (B. 13. 4. 1903. 1), from Bonny, West Africa: presented by Mr. Fred. Green, per Mr. A. Ridyard. ~ Common Lizard (Lacerta agilis) (B. 14. 7. 1903. 1), taken at igburth: presented by Mr. H. Spicer. Terrapin (B. 2. 9. 1903. 1), found in a Liverpool street ; presented yy Mr. J. Stoat, 27, St. Michael’s Road, Liverpool. 18 MUSEUMS. Tortoise (B. 11. 11. 1903. 1); presented by Mr. R. Wilson, 179, Burlington Street, Liverpool. Spiny Devil (Moloch horridus) (B. 8. 12. 1903. 1), from Kalgoorlie, West Australia; presented by Mr. Duncan Brown, 330, Scotland Road, Liverpool. Snake (indet.) (B. 10. 12. 1908. 1), from Australia; presented by John Glynn, Esq., 14, Chapel Street, Liverpool. Skin of Australian Brown Snake (B. 24. 6. 1908. 1), from the Loddon River, Australia; presented by Mrs. Cammell, 47, Smollett Street, Liverpool. Birds. Three Teal (Querquedula erecea) (B. 17. 1. 1908. 1, and B. 20. 1. 1908. 1); purchased. Gallinule (B. 10. 2. 1903. 1), from the Aviary at Stanley Park ; presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee. Collection of Central African Bird Skins, consisting of 159 speci- mens, representing 69 species belonging to 66 genera (B. 22. 2. 1903. 1, et seq.), from South Angoniland, Central Africa; collected and presented by H. B. Commissioner and Consul-General Alfred Sharpe, C.B., ¢/o Foreign Office, London, $.W. Blue Mountain Lory (V'richoglossus nove-hollandie) (B. 4. 3. 1908. 1), from the Aviary at Sefton Park: presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee. Four Teal (Querquedula crecca) (B. 5. 8. 1903. 1); purchased. Collection of Birds’ eggs (chiefly British), consisting of nearly 400 specimens (B. 24. 3. 1903. 1, et seq.) ; purchased. Collection of mounted birds (25), viz.: one Razor Bill (Alea torda), one Black Guillemot (Uria grylle), one Common Guillemot (Uria troile), one Little Auk (Mergulus alle), one Black-throated Diver (Colymbus arcticus), one Red-throated Diver (Colymbus septentrionalis), one Great Northern Diver (Colymbus glacialis), one Gannet (Sula bassana), two Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo), one Shag (Phalacrocorax graculus), one Puffin (F'ratercula arctica), two Gooseanders (Mergus merganser), ett Bin Fee ee ee MUSEUMS. 19 two Smews (Mergus albellus), one Hooded Merganser (Mergus cucul- latus), three red-breasted Mergansers (Mergus serrator), one Little Grebe (Podiceps minor), two Eared Grebes (Podiceps nigricollis), one Red-necked Grebe (Podiceps griseigena), one Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) (B. 8. 4. 1908. 1-20) ; presented by D.C. Scott, Esq., 2, Beresford Road, Oxton. Mandarin Duck (Dendronessa galericulata) (B. 23. 5. 1903. 1) from the Aviary at Sefton Park; presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee. Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus), (B. 29. 5. 1908. 1); purchased. Blackbird (Turdus merula) (B. 2. 6. 1908. 1) from Hoylake; presented by the Director of Museums. Nest of Long-tailed Tit (Aeredula rosea) (B. 11. 6. 1908. 1) from Kent; presented by Thos. West, Esq., Eccleston Place, near St. Helens. Martin’s Nest and Six Young (Chelidon urbica) (B. 10. 7. 1903. 1) ; _ presented by Mr. J. Connely. Nest of Garden Warbler (Sylvia hortensis) (B. 16. 7. 1908. 1) from _ Kirkby, near Liverpool; collected and presented by J. Coupland, Esq., 22, Arkles Road, Anfield, Liverpool. Skin of Peacock (Paro cristatus) (B. 27. 7. 1903. 1) from India; _ presented by J. Kirke Crooke, Esq., Water Street, Liverpool. Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida) (B. 28. 7. 1908. 1) from Otterspool ; presented by Master W. H. Taylor, 107, Alwyn Street, St. Michael’s, _ Liverpool. Jay (Garrulus glandarius) (B. 19. 9. 1903. 1) from the Aviary at Sefton Park; presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee. _ Photograph of Rookery at Toombeola, Connemara, Ireland ; pur- hased. Clutch of Bearded Tits (Panurus biarmicus) in down (B. 24. 9.1903. 1) from Hickling Broad, Norfolk; purchased. 20 MUSEUMS. Californian Quail (Lophortya californicis) (B. 8. 10. 1908. 1) from the Aviary, Sefton Park; presented by the Parks and Gardens. Committee. Blue Tit (Parus coeruleus) (B. 20. 10, 1903. 1) from Fazackerley, Liverpool; purchased. Eleven Bird Skins, viz., Lycocorax obiense, Dicrurus dohertyi, Pachycephala obiensis (2), Muscicapicula supererythra, var. pallidi- pectus, Ehipidura obiense, Piezorhynchus diadematus, Edoliosoma obiense, Tunysiptera obiense, Lorwus favopalliatus, and Tanygnathus megalorhynchus (B. 2. 11. 1903. 1-10) from Obi, Molucca Islands ; received in exchange. Cat Bird (Hluwrwdus) 2? and Bird of Paradise (Prionodura new- toniana) 2 (B. 26. 11. 1908. 1 and 2); purchased. Osprey (Pandion halietus) (B. 27. 11. 1903. 1); purchased. Mammals. Common Seal (Phoca vitulina) (A. 10. 1. 1903. 1), from Dundee ; purchased. Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) (A. 9. 2. 1908. 1), from Suffolk; purchased. Whiskered Bat (Myotis mystacinus) (A. 5. 3. 1903), from Somerset ; purchased. Two Hares, from Perth and Yorkshire (A. 6. 3. 1903. 1 and 2) ; purchased. Common Shrew (Sorex vulgaris) (A. 7. 3. 1908. 1); purchased. Whiskered Bat (Myotis mystacinus) (A. 9. 8. 1908. 1), from Alderley Edge, Cheshire; presented by Chas. Oldham, Knutsford. Two Long-eared Bats (Plecotus auritus) (A.10.3.1903.1); purchased. Skin and Skeleton of Giraffe (Giraffe camelopardalis) (A. 21. 3, 1908 1): purchased, MUSEUMS. 1 Two nests of Common Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) and a Bank Vole (Microtus glareolus) g (A. 30. 8. 19038. 1 and 2); purchased. Skin of Lesser Shrew (Sorex minutus) (A. 16. 4. 1903. 1); purchased. Polecat (Mustela putorius) (A. 24. 4. 1908. 1), from Cardiganshire : | : purchased. Collection of six human skulls and various other human bones, from / Patagonia (A. 14. 5.1903. 1); collected by the late Asahel P. Bell, Ksq., presented by Miss Ann Bell, 23, Canning Street. Common House Mouse (Mus musculus) (A. 21. 5. 1903. 1); presented by Mrs. Wigglesworth. Domestic Cavy, Abyssinian var. (A. 3. 6. 1903. 1); presented by Mr. J. W. Cutmore. Water Shrew (Crossopus fodiens) g (A. 8. 6. 1908. 1) from Kirkby, near Liverpool: purchased. Collection of Human Bones consisting of 2 skulls, 3 lower jaws and various other bones (A. 28. 7. 1903. 1), from Upper Bakana, Southern Nigeria, Africa; presented by H. P. Cooke, Esq., Agent African Association, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Bat (Epomophorus) (A. 28. 7. 1908. 2) from Abonema, Southern Nigeria, Africa; presented by Mr. A. Ridyard. Fossil Tooth of Horse (A. 8. 8. 1903. 1) from Plas Heaton Cave, Denbighshire; presented by Dr. Durrant, 21, Brondesbury Road, Kilburn, London. Skull of Hippotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) (A. 4. 9. 1908. 1) from Tete, Zambesia; presented by Mr. H. Edwards, Walton Lane _ Board Schools. White Stoat (Mustela erminea) (A. 5. 9. 1908. 1); purchased. Chimpanzee (Anthropopithecus niger) (A. 6. 9. 1908. 1); purchased. ~ Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) (A. 20. 10. 1908. 1); presented by Mr. J. W. Cutmore. 22 MUSEUMS. Siamese Cat (A. 23. 11. 1903. 1); presented by Mr. J. B. Spry, Canon Road, Anfield. Two Lesser Horse-shoe Bats (Rhinolophus hipposiderus) (A. 24. 11. 1903. 1) from Cefn, Denbighshire; presented by Mr. T. Coward, ‘* Brentwood,’ Bowdon, Cheshire. Skin of a Lamb (A. 26. 11. 1903. 1): purchased. Two Stoats (Mustela erminea) 3 and @ (A. 31. 12. 1903. 1) from Knowsley; presented by Mr. J. Barnes. Anubis Baboon (Cynocephalus anubis) (A. 16. 12. 1903. 1) from West Africa: presented by Mr. George Wright, 43, Park Road, Liverpool. BoranicaL DEPARTMENT. The acquisitions to this department are as follows :— Collection of dried plants, representing about twenty-seven species from Bermuda (E. 8. 1. 1903. 1-27); collected and presented by Mr. H. B. Small, per Chief Constable Powell, Hamilton, Bermuda. Specimens of Fungus (indet.), from the submerged peat bed, Alt Mouth, Laneashire (E. 12. 3. 1908. 1): collected (in 1895) and now presented by Mr. W. F. Price, Crosby. Thirty-three platinotype photographs of growing plants, flowers, mosses, ete., in various localities in Ireland (EK. 12. 3. 1908. 2-84); purchased. Twenty-nine specimens illustrative of the structure of plants, from the neighbourhood of Formby (E. 30. 6. 1903. 1-21), and twenty-seven from the neighbourhood of Overton, Cheshire (EK. 21. 7. 1908. 1-19) ; collected by the Assistant in the Lord Derby Museum. Four plants of Maize trom Egwanga, Opobo, Southern Nigeria (E. 10. 9. 1908. 1); presented by Mr. J. A. Pickles, Agent African Association, Egwanga, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Flowering Branch of Veronica (V. spicata), from Newmarket Heath (E. 15. 10. 1908. 1); presented by Mr. E. T. Sachs, 17, St. Loo Mansions, London, 8.W. MUSEUMS. 23 Small collection of dried and pressed plants, from the neighbour- hood of Hoylake (E. 15. 10. 1908. 2-4); collected (15th April, 1900) and presented this date by the Director of Museums. Minera AND GronocicaL DEPARTMENT. The following are the acquisitions in this department :— Four pieces of Gold Quartz and four pieces of Iron Quartz from the Gold Mines at Ackrazie, Samvi district, French Ivory Coast, W. Africa (F. 15. 1. 1908. 1): presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer, 5.8. “ Nyanga.” Four small pieces of Opal in the matrix (F. 12. 2. 1903. 1); presented by Mr. F. G. Aplin, 58, Hatton Garden, London, E.C. Solid Alto-relievo Model of Scotland (F. 12. 3. 1908. 1); purchased. Specimen of Voleanic Ash from the Mount Pelee Eruption of May, 1902 (F. 6. 5. 1903. 1); purchased. Tue AQUARIUM. The Aquarium continues to be one of the chief attractions of the Museum. The efforts made to keep the West African Fishes in a healthy condition have been successful, and the great interest taken in them both by specialists and the*ordinary visitor is marked. The Trout tanks continue to flourish, and some new stock was obtained by the kindness of Mr. Lyon Whittle, Town Clerk of Warrington, who presented several two-year-old Rainbow Trout and River Trout, and a number of fry of S. irideus and a cross of S. fario and S. levenensis. As the fish from the various hatches increase in size, they become too large for the accommodation available and a number of specimens of Rainbow Trout are presented each year to the Parks and Gardens Committee for distribution in the Park Lakes, and to local pisciculturists. Captain Griffiths, of the Corporation ‘Barge “ Beta,’’ continues to bring living specimens of Marine Fishes for the tanks, and on the ee 24 MUSEUMS. | several occasions when the Assistant Curator has been out on the : ‘Beta’ trawling for marine specimens for the British collections, the opportunity has been taken of keeping suitable specimens alive for | the Aquarium, all of which efforts have added greatly to the attractions : of this section of the Museums. The much needed extension ot the Aquarium has now been com- menced, and it is hoped that the 11 new tanks will enable desirable extensions of the various existing attractions, together with the addition of new features, to be made. a The following species have been exhibited alive during the year, those with an asterisk being alive at the date of this report :— Fresh Water Hydre (Hydra viridis and H. fusca); Sea-Anemones, The Crass * (Tealia crassicornis); * Sagartia ornata ; Plumose Anemone (*Actinoloba dianthus) ; Beadlet (Actinia equina): Various Starfishes : Horse Leech * (Hemopsis vorax); Sea-Mouse (Aphrodite aculeata) ; Fresh-Water Polyzoa* (Plumatella repens, Lophopus crystallinus) : Edible Crab* (Cancer pagurus); Common Shore Crab* (Carcinus monas): Hermit Crab (Hupagurus bernhardus) ; Spider Crabs (Stenor- hynchus rostratus and Inachus dorsettensis): Slender Spider Crab (Stenorhynchus tenuirostris) Cleanser Swimming Crab (Portunus depurator): Shrimp (Crangon vulgaris): Prawn (Pandalus annulicornis) : * Palemonetes varians: Pecten (P. opercularis); Cockle (Cardium aculeatum); Water Snail (Limneus stagnalis); Fresh Water Hel * (Anguilla vulgaris) ; Loch Leven Trout * (Salmo levenensis); Rainbow Trout * (Salmo irideus) ; Crucian Carp * (C. carassius): Common and Mirror Carp * (Cyprinus carpio) ; Rudd * (Leuciseus erythrophthalmus) ; Three spined Stickleback* (Gastrosteus aculeatus); Nine spined Stickleback * (Gastrosteus pungitius); Minnow*; Bream*; Fresh Water Gudgeon* (Gobio fluviatilis) ; Tench* (Tinca vulgaris); Roach* (Leuciscus rutilus); Pike * (EHsox, luctus): Perch* (Perca fluviatilis) ; Central American Fresh-water Fish * (Heros jacetus); African Mud- fish * (Protopterus annectens); Walking Fish * (Periophthalmus koel- reuteri) ; Sole * (Solea vulgaris); Sand Lance (Ammodytes lanccolatus) : Conger Hel* (Conger vulgaris); Dragonet or Skulpin (Callionymus lyra); Spotted Dragonet (Callionymus maculatus); Gurnard (T'rigla gunardus) ; Plaice * ‘Pleuronectes platessa and Pleuronectes microce- MUSEUMS. 25 phalus); various species of Skate (Raia); Common Frog * and Tad- poles (Rana temporaria): Nattejack Toad * (Bufo calameta) : Common Toad (Bufo vulgaris); Italian Toad* (Bufo vulgaris); Crested or Great Water Newt* (J'riton cristatus); Common or Smooth Newt * (Molge vulgaris) ; Alligator Terrapin * (Chelydra serpentina); Terrapin - West African Tortoise (sp. indet.); Sternothere* (Sternotherus adon- sonii); West African Crocodiles * (Mecistops cataphractus and sp. indet.); Limbless Lizard (Anguis fragilis) ; Common Lizard (Lacerta _agilis); West African Mongoose (sp. indct.). SuMMARY OF ACQUISITIONS. : Zoological. | Porifera te ny 3 Species... a 8 Specimens. Celenterata ... a 8 ue im te 20 rs : Echinodermata 9 e ee 43 ! Vermes ... bee ate 7 a di ra 4] e Polyzoa ... Se A. 3 a - ~~ 6 2 Arthropoda (Crustacea) 13 - a = 40 3 Arthropoda (Tracheata) 1327 - of we» Bd42 4 Mollusea... Be. ee ges Pe ie Se e oe ~ Tunieata ot at 6 3 ‘At a 30 i Fishes ... 14 ae) eae 2 Re, UH OAL a Amphibians... hy ) A er s “as 0 p> Reptiles... ek Ome: ee nae toa i mpirds.... pee se eS - oe 2 ee aS: Be Mammals a at ee Z 51 = 1860 4904 i Botanical. 1 lants ... vez .. ‘115° Species"... ... 261 Specimens. Geological and Mineralogical. cks and Minerals ... A= sn ze ie 14 Specimens. 26 MUSEUMS. B._MAYER MUSEUM. (a) GENERAL. In the Mayer Museum the collections of Caucasian, Mongolian and Melanian Ethnology have been re-arranged, and to the exhibition of the handiwork of each race, separate galleries have now been assigned. Progress has been made in the re-arrangement of the Caucasian Section by the disposal of the Egyptian Antiquities on the floor of the Main Hall, which, for their accommodation, has been completely re-furnished with cases, many of them new, in which the collection is exhibited in chronological sequence of Dynasties. The copy of the Papyrus of Ani, presented by Mr. J. Gibson, has been mounted in four large frames and displayed in the centre of the Hall. Translated and annotated by Mr. LI. Griffith, the distinguished Egyptologist, at Mr. Gibson’s request and expense, this donation forms one of the most interesting and instructive exhibits in the Egyptian Department. The collection of Kuropean Pottery and Porcelain has been transferred from its former location to the balcony of the Main Halli. In the Mongolian Department, to which the Upper Mayer Gallery has now been assigned, considerable progress has been made in displaying the collections, numerous specimens being now, : for the first time, exhibited after being stowed away for many years. | 4 i In regard to the Melanian Ethnology, the re-arrangement of the African Section has been completed in the Mayer Basement, and many specimens here also, which had been long stowed away, have been brought into the light, and, as will be seen below, numerous additions have been made to it during the past year, especially by Mr. Copland-Crawfurd, H.B.M. Commissioner, Nigeria, and by Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer in the service of Messrs. Elder, — Dempster and Co., who has, now for many years, personally and through his friends on the West African Coast, been most assiduous in collecting for the Mayer Museum. MUSEUMS. 27 This Department has been enriched also by the acquisition of two life-sized casts of natives of South Africa, modelled from life by the Jate Dr. Emil Holub, a view of which is given on Plate LV. The Local History and Archeological Department has been enriched by the donation of an old oak canopy, lintel of a fireplace, mouldings, and quatrefoils, from a Fifteenth century house—known as Boulton’s—-at West Derby, Liverpool, together with photographs and plan to illustrate the same, by Mr. R. D. Radcliffe, M.a., F.s.a. The Bennett collection of grain-stones has been arranged on a special stand in the same section. The contents of the American Room (the old Ethnographical Gallery), removed to allow the Aquarium to be extended, have been transferred to the Mongolian Gallery in the upper floor of the Mayer Museum. A Collection of Eolithic and Paleolithic flint implements was received from Mrs. Stopes, in exchange for duplicate Egyptian Flints previously sent to the late Mr. Henry Stopes. As in previous years manuscripts have been lent to Mr. J. Sampson, Librarian to the University, for Paleographical study. ~ It is to be hoped that his special knowledge may be secured to make a descriptive catalogue of the old books and MSS. in the Mayer ‘Museum. Many photographs of Ethnographical objects and of Pottery have been taken and sent out during the year, to illustrate various publi- cations in England and abroad. Numerous enlargements of race types have been prepared for exchange with the British and other “Museums. A selected group of Antiquities and other objects from the Museums were exhibited, by special permission of the Committee, at the Town Hall from the 27th to the 29th of May. (b) Loans ann Deposrrs. ; Two manuscripts (1) S. Thomas Aquinas’, Summa Theologica, German hand, 15th century (am), and (2) M. Eutropii Clami Historici De Gestis Romanorum, libri xvii., Italian, a.p. 1528 <), lent for the use of paleographical students, to University College, - 28 MUSEUMS. Liverpool, have been returned. Three others, (1) A Treatise oi Moral Philosophy, Italian, 15th century (4); (2) History of the World, Sacred and Profane, Italian, 13th century (4%), and (3) Selections from the Fathers, SS. Augustine, Gregory, Anselm, &c., English, 14th century (3%), were lent to Mr. Sampson, June 29th, 1903. (¢) ExcHancEs. Collection of seventy (27. 4. 1903, 5-74) Holithic, Paleolithic and Neolithic Flint Implements from Swanscombe, Kent, were received from Mrs. Stopes in exchange for duplicate Egyptian Flint Imple- ments (Seton Karr collection) sent to the late H. Stopes, Hsq., March 29th, 1900. Norfolk faggot cutter’s Account Tally, in use about 1899 (10. 9. 1905. 24.); received from Mr. E. Lovett, in exchange tor a copy of Washing Tally. { (d) ACQUISITIONS. (1.) GENERAL. Oak framing forming a canopy, lintel of the fireplace, applied mouldings and quatretoil, from a fifteenth century house, known as Boulton’s, located in Finch Lane, West Derby, Liverpool: together with a series of photographs showing the house in course of demoli- tion and the sites of the canopy, applied mouldings and quatrefoils ; also portion of the Tythe Map of West Derby, made by Jonathan Bennison in 1835, showing position of Boulton’s House and adjoin- ing properties; collected and given by Mr. R. D. Radcliffe, M.A. ‘Twenty-five pipes and pipe heads (17. 4. 1903. 4), sixteenth and seventeenth century, found at Wilderspool, Warrington; given by Mr. R. D. Radcliffe, M.A. Three pennies of Barbadoes, 1788 and 1792 (10. 9. 1903, 15-17); halfpenny of Barbadoes, 1792 (10. 9. 1905. 18); Venezuela 12} centimos, 1896 (10. 9. 1903. 19); two three-halfpenny pieces of William IV., 1836, and Victoria, 1838 (10. 9. 1903. 20-21) ; presented by Dr. Durrant. ta Piece of Birkingshaw’s wrought rail of 1816 (22. 10. 1903. 70); presented by Mr. Clement E. Stretton. MUSEUMS. 29 Four copper coins (16. 1. 1903. 15-18), vie penny and three halt- pennies of George IIIL., found at the South end of the Dock Estate ; presented by Mr. Miles K. Burton. (2.) Ceramics. Jug (14. 4. 1903. 17), impressed with mark, ** Worthington and Green,” Herculaneum Pottery, Liverpool; purchased. (5.) ErHNoGRAPHY. PRE-HISTORIC : — Cast of a Neolithic stone celt-shaped implement (14. 4. 1903. 16), _ from Antrim, Ireland; presented by Mr. R. D. Darbishire. MELANIAN RACE. Africa.—West and South-west Africa :— § List of specimens collected and presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer in the service of Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Co. :— From Liberia :— Kroo-boy’s water-bottle, box and bag (31. 7. 1903. 1-3) from Deabo, 70 miles from Cape Palmas. 3 From the Ivory Coast :— Dance rattle (15. 1. 1903. 2), from Grand Lahou. From Sierra Leone :— Roots of “ Egira,” “ Bobashay,” “ Egboshie,” (31. 7. 1903. 15). SeFrom the Gold Coast :— Pair of carved calabashes (15. 1. 1903. 1) from Accra; earthenware cooler and stewpot (14. 4. 1903. 1-2) from Affarmah village, 9 miles from Accra; earthenware jug (14. 4. 1903. 3) from Quarjoe village, 3 miles from Accra; earthenware water-bottle (31. 7. 1903. 4) from Affarmah. From S. Nigeria :— ~ Mask * Oconco” (15, 1. 1903. 3) from Obogolo, Ebo country ; Mask ‘ Epo” (15. 1. 1903. 4) from Umbre, near Aqueta, Ebo 30 MUSEUMS. country; three large earthenware vessels (15. 1. 1903. 5-7) -from Aqueta, Ebo country; piece of carved and painted wood (14. 4. 1903. 4) and wooden painted figure (14. 4. 1903. 5) from Azumini, near Aqueta, Ebo country; two (old) earthenware nozzles for country bellows (14. 4. 1903. 6-7) and one new one (14. 4. 1903. 8), from Bonny; carved wooden head (31. 7. 1905. 5) from Ichopo, Ebo country; cap (31. 7. 1905. 6), drum (51. 7. 1905. 8), Qua, Ebo country; drum (31. 7. 1905. 9) taken in the Aro Expedition; grass bag (51. 7. 1905. 7) from Ishuma, Ebo country; earthenware pots (51. 7. 1903. 10-13) from Bende, Ebo country; pair of native bellows with clay nozzle (51. 7. 1905. 14) as used by native blacksmiths, Bonny. The following specimens have been presented through Mr. A. Ridyard : —- Medicine man’s wand of office in bronze (14. 4. 1905. 15), from D’gbo, beyond Benin; native gold washer’s outfit, consisting of round and pear-shaped copper and brass washing pans, scales, weights and a magnet, a set of native goldsmith’s standard weights with native names and values (22. 10. 1903. 15-50); presented by P. A. Renner, Esq., Barrister-at-law, Cape Coast Castle. Bankeet (15: 1. 1903. 8), from Port Lokko, Timme country, Sierra Leone; presented by Mr. J. B. Cole, Bathurst. King’s messenger’s sword (15. 1. 1903. 9), the handle coated with gold, from Cape Coast Castle; presented by Mr. John Sarbah, Cape Coast Castle. Shot belt (15. 1. 1903. 10), from Accra; presented by Mr. E. W. Q. Papafio, Accra. Three large wooden ‘Ju-ju” figures (22. 10. 1903. 1-5), from | Bonny, 8. Nigeria; presented by Chief Squiss Banigo. Native sponge (15. 1. 1903. 11); presented by Mr. T. Addaquay, Cape Coast Castle. Mask (15. 1. 1903. 12), from Ebo country, 8. Nigeria; presented by Mr. F. C. Mayo. 4 MUSEUMS. 31 Brass jug (15. 1. 1903. 13), taken in the “ Bida” war; presented by Mr. E. A. T. Wilson, Sierra Leone. Gaming board (15. 1. 1903. 14), from the Ebo country, S. Nigeria ; _ wooden paddle (14. 4. 1903. 10), from Opobo; wooden figure | (51. 7. 1903. 17) and mask (31. 7. 1903. 18), from the Qua country, S. Nigeria; presented by Mr. John Miller. : Wooden seated figure (14. 4. 1903. 9), with moveable arms, from _ the Qua country, Opobo, S. Nigeria; stick (31. 7. 1903. 20), from Kket, Qwa Ebo, Opobo, S. Nigeria; presented by Mr. Frank Hooper. Carved wooden fetish head (14. 4. 1903. 11), from Ishokpo, Ebo country, 8. Nigeria; Princess head in carved wood (31. 7. 1903. 24), from Owerri district, S. Nigeria; presented by Mr. B. T. Woods, Bonny. Earthenware country pot (14. 4. 1903. 12), from Bissao; presented by Mrs. James, Sierra Leone. Calabash. (14. 4. 1905. 15), from Bissao; presented by Mr. William Sawyer, Sierra Leone. Grass cap (14. 4. 1905. 14), from Nigeria; presented by Mr. W. C.D. Rosenior, Sierra Leone. Ropes, used for climbing trees (51. 7. 1903. 16), from Egwanga, Opobo, 8. Nigeria; presented by Mr. J. A. Pickles. Wooden fan (31. 7. 1905. 19), from an Ashantee village; presented by Mr. James J. Kuofi. Native earthenware soup tureen (31. 7. 1903. 21), made at Korlibu, ‘one mile from Accra, Gold Coast; presented by Dr. J. Edward Mettle. Two manilla (51. 7. 1905. 22-25); presented by Mr. W. H. Law. Calabash (31. 7. 1903. 25), with shell covering, from Quitta; presented by Mr. John Koblavie, Jellah Coffee. _ Earthenware pipe head (22. 10. 1903. 4), from Akim, Gold Coast ; Fan hide (22. 10. 1903. 5), from Accra; red and black earthenware ater coolers (22. 10. 1905. 6-7.), from Manghai, Accra; presented xy Mr. McDonald G. B. Bruce, Acera. Se MUSEUMS. Grass Cap (22. 10. 1905. 5), trom Lagos; fly brush of fibre (22. 10. 1903. 9): native ironwork (hinges, spikes, &e.) (22. 10. 1905. 10); dagger sheath of snake skin (22. 10. 1905. 11): and earthen- ware bow] (22. 10. 1905. 12), all from N’Kwalla, Imo River, Ebo country, Opobo, S. Nigeria; presented by Mr. Robert Tannock. Coral beads (15. 1. 1903. 19), from Benin City; presented by Mr. H. Ling Roth. War drum * Ogri”™ (27. 4. 1905. 1), from Otujerimi, 8. Nigeria, and skulls of a man and a leopard (27. 4. 1903. 2-3) found inside the drum ; Oguta canoe (27. 4. 1903. 4), used for carrying Government Mails in the Niger Territories; collected and presented by W. E. B. | Copland-Crawford, Esq.,H.B.M. Divisional Commissioner, S. Nigeria. Ju-ju offering (11. 6. 1903. 1), from Horsfall Island, Benin River ; collected and presented by Dr. Orr, ss. “* Axim.” Specimens (10. 9. 1903. 1-6) illustrating the spinning and weaving of cloth from silk as follows: (1) Cocoon of native silkworm, (2) interior of same, (3) prepared silk fibre, (4) dyed silk fibre, (5) yarn spun from above, (6) cloth woven on native loom from the yarn, (7) piece of cloth woven from native cotton: from the district of Kano, N. Nigeria; collected and presented by Mr. James Pickering Jones. Canoe (22. 10. 1903. 51), from Cape Palmas, Liberia; collected and presented by Mr. W. H. Renner. From South Africa :-— Casts of natives of the Bechuana and Monkoja tribes (15. 3. 1903), — modelled from life by Dr. Emil Holub; purchased. MONGOLIAN RACE :— America, South.— Stone Pestle (10. 9. 1908. 23), Patagonia; presented by Miss A. Bell. Tibet.— | Sheets of printed prayers (22. 10. 1903. 52-59); luck flag and hung-_ horse (22. 10. 1903. 60-61); scorpion charm against demons (22. 10, MUSEUMS. 33 1903. 62) ; charm to bind disease-devils (22. 10. 1905. 65): luck flags (22. 10. 1903. 64-65); scroll (22. 10. 1905. 66): woven bag (22. 10. 1903. 67); knife (22. 10. 1905. 68); purchased. Burmah.— Manuscript (22. 10. 1903. 69); presented by Mr. David Boyd. CAUCASIAN RACE :— Egypt.— Painted Scene from the Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead (11. 6. 1903. 2); presented by Sir E. Maunde Thompson, British Museum. Flints (11. 6. 1903. 3-4), found in a cargo of Beans from Alexandria, 1903; collected’and presented by Mr. W. Townsing. Clay Pipe head (10. 9. 1905. 22) from Egypt: presented by Dr. Durrant. Papyri (14. 12. 1903. 1) Notice of removal, a.p. 19-20 (see Oxyrhynehus Papyri 11, No. 252), and a “Letter from Gemellus cirea, A.D. 100,” (see Fayum Towns, No. 248); presented by the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund. Ethnography and Photographs a= # 38 a 5S HENRY O. FORBES, Drrecror or MusEUMs. PRESENTED 2 0 MAY. 1904 ; a > Pana _— 1 ee Wi) == ee Es | —— - F “ SS ., ta > aoa ae ae ty ee ie ae Ss ee. ae ey ee 3 Fa / ” . + ke * he Seay =4 ie RES ee Be AMA WE 7 Bin. Baa 2 ik LS <4 Cy itt ‘See ‘aol teak gaged ry ek: 04: UL sr ali ybionatalls nid ae nae a west [aan 10,8 RL AU. My (here peiy. s(n: RoE ta * A Mure: roan ‘ig (4 sant ALL SS civ weed §? e 4 i las Ps! her: La aNfA or « el oe » o ij Hivol! Heat si tid: een: ba SCY eT, a 1 he ae . f | ‘i ‘ o* Tt dud AE ba . as Vice ein 2 (Ser ee mr ene dg fihaoet POSE ae MOS Sea er! fg pees A ee ER shay vines ma hte wd) re Potty milla Woda sh Saal ‘Wate Y a Asst \novq dst ohm ee abe “a Loteserng: set Ivete | Sete Lhe ele facet sh. eae anal ‘fe hunt Cid va - ! “ ~~ a wir eR TOR ebaeas iii 3 fees, Fieetnalls 1 yetdeet! Va hahaa bes fb akbar Our ci las er ED eas 1 ae bakery oe ase! wictet PRS, HE At hd Dido lig i gaa S met Tis xp e bay Suh ea Sey ohn ive ’ Fe ee r $ zy prea OG “it Oi fF ‘4 neh es one) Me i} ’ “hn OME, ja yak Rs Chas RA pw q See yt mk putt ivege nd Hariyiy ee setionk —* bag, eae ae Af. . . vi mit ud shia! igen ae i sew ayo Be a #S: bat agieniigzd ay vast pitt d - PY bir) ‘os 1 ‘.¢, j } > adi 4 ip*t 7 90) sg! + Lean oS Rig, RN ns es a ere, sect fmtmepaniog : : (ROANOKE LOMB. ue abeniiane ele ree sty eran. Deaths) Wie oun ea , YA Ta . ~~ ia sy = - tt ayer \ 13 bs \y % - *'s + F en . J - as ny 1 Var abe a ‘ 4 ie. 3 s a 7 4 ri? os « ‘ oe ek Me oe, ‘ =. oS = se . = i a el % . rr Cre a . baron a ( — ee ee GENERAL VIEW OF THE MAMMALIAN GALLERY. IN THE MAMMALIAN GALLERY. CLOSER VIEW OF CASES ltt tt Plate IV. CASE IN THE AFRICAN SECTION OF THE MAYER MUSEUM. = dnd SS ee Sa a 1S ari ae = M A Ae ; aya <7 Ny wig _ FIFTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES. MUSEUMS, AND ART GALLERY, CITY OF LIVERPOOL, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3lst DercrmBer, 1904. LIVERPOOL : C, Trnrine & Co., Lrp., Printine Contracrors, 53, Viorornia STREET GOMMITTEE “AND. OFFICERS for the Year 1904-1905. THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOHN LEA, LORD MAYOR. Committee : ALDERMAN SIR WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, D.L., J.P., CHATRMAN. FRANK J. LESLIE, ESQ., DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN. ALEXANDER ARMOUR, ESQ., | FRANCIS J. HARFORD, ESQ., ARCHIBALD BATHGATE, ESQ., | ROBERT D. HOLT, ESQ., D.L., J.P., EDWIN BERRY, ESQ., J. HARRISON JONES, ESQ., JOSEPH BIBBY, ESQ., MICHAEL E. KEARNEY, ESQ., LIEUT.-COL. SIR A. H. BROWN, ALD. M. HYSLOP MAXWELL, J.P., BART., M.P., ALFRED S. COLLARD, ESQ., J.P., HENRY MILES, ESQ., ALDERMAN A. COMMINS, LL.D., PROFESSOR A. M. PATERSON, M.D., ARTHUR CROSTHWAITE, ESQ., J.P.,-| WILLIAM PERMEWAN, ESQ., M.D., CHALONER DOWDALL, ESQ., ALDERMAN J. N. STOLTERFOHT, WILLIAM EVANS, ESQ., J.P., LIEUT.-COL. W. HALL WALKER, M.P. Ghief Librarian: PETER COWELL. Deputy- Fibrarian : HENRY #. CORRAN. Bircttor of Museums: HENRY O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S. Assistant Curator of Ford Herbn Wuseum: JOSEPH A. CLUBB, M.Sc. Assistant Curator of Raver Ruseum: P. ENTWISTLE. Eurator of the Walker Art Gallery: E. RIMBAULT DIBDIN. Assistunt Curator, Walker Art Gallery: ARTHUR G. QUIGLEY, GENERAL REPORT. It is very gratifying to note the ever-growing popularity of our Lending Libraries and Reading Rooms. These institutions, while largely for the purpose of entertainment, are increasingly used for the more serious work of education and instruction. The Committee have recoguised that the time has arrived when old-fashioned and unnecessary restrictions to the full use of our books should be removed. The open bookshelves in the Picton Reading Room have been much appreciated: the books being in constant demand, and the losses trifling. It is now proposed to accept one guarantor instead of two for those who wish to become borrowers from our Lending Libraries, and to allow them to have a second or student’s ticket, which will only be available for a book other than a novel. We feel confident that this privilege will be accepted as a boon, and we trust it will lead to reading of a more serious character. There can be no doubt that the true policy for the successful management of a Library is to popularise it in every way by removing all arbitrary restrictions and by assisting readers in their selection of books. In so doing you cannot fail to make - every reader you can secure a better man and more valuable citizen. The opening of the Anfield Reading Room has not been, so far, an unqualified success, and in this is only another proof that reading rooms without the advantages of a lending library are not deemed sufficient. This is so far gratifying, inasmuch as it indicates that the people do not merely require newspapers and magazines. We hope, however, in the near future to form a library for the circula- tion of books for home reading. The approaching completion of the Andrew Carnegie and Kirkdale Libraries seems a fitting time to point out that the Liverpool Branch Libraries have won a very high place in the 4 GENERAL REPORT. opinion of Librarians, and are regarded as models of what such buildings should be. For this we are much indebted to the long experience and thought of our Chief Librarian. The Museum has made great strides towards completion, and in a few months will be practically finished. The extent and quality of the specimens exhibited, their classification and arrangement, have been greatly admired by Naturalists. To Dr. Forbes and his Assistants (Mr. Clubb and Mr. Laverock) the thanks of the Com- mittee are due for giving us a Museum which, in popular attractive- ness and successful arrangement, is admittedly only second to the British Museum. The Autumn Exhibition of Pictures proved, as usual, very attrac- tive, and was quite equal to any of our exhibitions in interest and merit. Further additions have been made to the permanent collec- tion, and the question of finding additional Gallery space presses with increasing urgency. WILLIAM B. FORWOOD, CHAIRMAN. LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. Ciukr LIprartan’s Report. The appended statistical tables, showing the work of the Libraries during the past year, exhibit some remarkable figures. The total number of volumes issued for perusal, either in the Reading Rooms of the Libraries or at home, amount to 2,052,896. The magazines and reviews issued in the Reading Rooms numbered 1,088,713, the persons who consulted the newspapers are computed at 1,084,168, and those who have attended the free lectures 76,481. Such figures are unmistakable evidence of the popularity and appreciation of the Libraries as resorts for mental improvement and recreation. ‘The fluctuations which take place in the total number of books issued, and the classes of literature into which they are divided, are not always easy .to account for. The Picton Reading Room is essentially a student’s room, for the reader of novels or the illustrated weekly papers finds no encouragement. Here there has been a falling off in the books lent of 12,879, but this may find its explanation in the increased number of books placed so that readers may help themselves to them without the intermediary of one of the library officials. Exact statistics of the use of these books cannot be taken. It is pleasing to state here how few losses of books have been sustained since these open-access shelves were instituted; to those engaged in literary work, and to students _ generally, these standard books of reference, available at pleasure, are highly appreciated, while the general reader is no less pleased with the selection of the latest books published placed at his disposal. The total number of readers who used the Picton Reading Room — during the year was 228,211, and of these 10,235 were lady students. The Brown Reading Room of the Central Library is resorted to by those who prefer recreative rather than studious reading, and for the various newspapers and directories. The increase or decrease in the book and magazine issues, and the number of readers referring to the newspapers, have usually been regarded as indicating, more or less, 6 _ LIBRARIES. the state of trade in the city, more particularly at the docks. This last year the reduction in works of fiction issued in this room, amounting to 56,689, is somewhat remarkable. There has also been a decline in the magazines issued, and in the number of readers referring to the newspapers. It is evident that reading has not been resorted to to fill up spare time to the extent as heretofore. There have been satis- factory increases in the issue of books under the heads of History, Biography, Education, Commerce, and Political Economy. Of the increased issues made under the two last headings, no doubt, much is due to the interest which many persons have taken in the Fiscal Question, and to the special catalogue which was printed of the books, pamphlets and review articles in the Library on that much- debated subject. The Hornby Room for the storing and display of the magnificent collection of art books, prints and autographs bequeathed by the late Hugh Frederick Hornby, of Liverpool—and for the erection of which he also bequeathed a sum of £10,000-—-is now commenced, and will, when completed, be of considerable architectural merit. The severance of the official connection of Mr. Thomas Formby as Deputy Librarian calls for special mention, alike from his long and faithful services of nearly fifty years, and from his book knowledge and the assistance he was always willing to render the general body of readers in the Reference Library. He retires from active duty with the good wishes of numerous readers and the entire Library Staff. The total number of volumes issued in the Lending Libraries amounts to 1,487,829. This is an increase of nearly 50,000. The number of volumes distributed in these Branch Libraries for home reading is 105,764. The readers holding tickets for this purpose number 25,534. This shows a decrease over the total of the previous year of 423. The Library Committee, with the object of removing, as far as they can judiciously, impediments to the use of the Branch Libraries, have resolved to accept the name of one guarantor, instead of two as formerly, for those who choose to constitute themselves. LIBRARIES. dt | readers. The Committee have also determined to permit each borrower to hold a second, or student’s ticket. This ticket can only be used for obtaining a book other than a novel. This is expected to be much appreciated by many readers who would like to vary their reading, devoting some portion of the evening to that which is instructive and educational, and when somewhat tired to that which is in the nature of recreation. The general decrease in books issued during the year applies also to books for the blind, which is 1,407 volumes, or 423 less than last year. The books on technical subjects lent are 100,000 less one. Music is represented by an issue of 22,563 volumes. From the care- fully selected collections of books for juvenile readers between the ages of 9 and 14, 206,525 volumes have been lent. Among the books which are reserved by request of our young readers until they come again to continue their reading, much pleasure and surprise would be excited by the number of books on History, Travels, Biography, and Elementary Science to be found among the books reserved. On the 18th of October was opened, for the benefit of the inhabitants of the district of Anfield, the Rawdon Reading Room. The room was principally erected out of trust funds bequeathed by the late Mrs. Charlotte Rawdon, the original purpose of which were no longer adapted to the wants of the neighbourhood. Councillor William Evans performed the opening ceremony, and delivered an appropriate address on the value and importance of reading. The substance of the address was emphasized by Sir W. B. Forwood, Mr. R. D. Holt, Alderman Stolterfoht, and other City Councillors, and, in the presence of a large and appreciative audience, the fine and handsomely-furnished room was declared open. The room is supplied with the principal London and Provincial newspapers, a 2 large number of magazines, reviews, &c., adapted to various tastes, ~ and a selection of some 400 books of all kinds, to which readers have unrestricted access. The Andrew Carnegie and Kirkdale Branch Libraries approach completion, and promise, by their size, plan, elevation and arrange- ments, to be among the finest of their kind. yg LIBRARIBS. PABA Hi". SUMMARY OF STATISTICS OF LIBRARY DEPARTMENT. ele Newspaper} Lecture issued. Visitors. |Attendance. Volumes issned. Reference Library. Picron ReEapinc Room: RVOLEIMERMSSIC eect scans weneuctemeeser cnaasache 290,020 Magazines and Reviews ........-..:s.000000 101,625 Brown LIBRARY: Volumes iSSued 4.5 soa.oxes esac Oradea eed de 128,193 Monthly and Weekly Magazines ......... 204,472 Tllustrated Papers, issued in volumes (* The Graphic,”’ * Tilustrated London News,” ‘‘ Punch,” &c.) ...... 56,233 IDITAGHOLION of cart at focnasteha ee cpasacrs tes Snes 99,457 Specifications of Patents for Inventions 41,164 Visitors to the Newspapers ........eceeees 308,678 Lending Libraries. Volumes lent for Home Reading ............ 918,120 Kensineton Liprary Reaprinc Rooms: WOMUMES SSU6d ste. cturacatecs-teeeechenesees are 131,479 Magazines and Reviews ..........s.ssssse00 205,042 Visitors to the Newspapers ...........0++ 161,867 Everton Liprary READING Rooms: Woltimes TSE sc cots suenscstanesessc cess tes 166,193 Magazines and Reviews ........ssceseesenees 199,129 Visitors to the Newspapers ............00+ 152,995 ToxtetH Liprary Reapine Rooms: WVIGIUIMMESHISSWEG whactecchscadecsdedades§ onsee 158,472 Magazines and Reviews .......:....cseseeeee 193,187 Visitors to the Newspapers.............006 256,931 WAVERTREE LIBRARY READING Rooms: SOLOS USSUBC reawe ev cakeecptst ces cee tesep eee 37,903 Magazines and Reviews .........seseeeseee 112,409 Visitors to Newspapers ............seseeee 49,614 Watton Liprary READING Room: WOLGINES ISSUCU sa sostaccer est has steceuseace coe 16,933 Magazines and ReviewS ......ssssesseeeeeees 63,226 Visitors to the Newspapers ...........006 71,546 Rawpon Reapine Room: Volumes issued .........04 ie me bhe nese scaabee | 8,729 Magazines and Reviews ..........-scsssseeee 9,623 Visitors to Newspapers ........ccsseseese eee 5,025 Evening Reading Rooms. | Newspapers, Magazines, and Reviews...... 77,512 Lectures. PNUOHUBIICE => cc rectiatcdacscencce evs svenaeesecseers sot 76,481 3 Wath @iacti in ete. clets 2,052,896 | 1,088,713 | 1,084,168 | 76,481 . LIBRARIES. 9 TABLE II. Comparative Statement of issues in the Picton Reading Room : —- Classification. 1904. 1903, Theology, Morals, and Metaphysics ... ai ec 19,883 22,878 Natural Philosophy, Mathematics, &. ... Jn 27,319 27,793 Natural History ... me Ae wr oF ot 10,265 14,644 Science and the Arts ... ee ee * sae 46,407 46,879 History and Biography, &c. ... ae ae Mi 32,949 29,659 Topography and Antiquities eae aan aA 12.680 13,934 Voyages and Travels, Gazetteers, iflases a “hae 23,480 27,568 Collected Works, Essays, &c. ne aa Rx 36,284 45,088 Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics ... 3 ; 10,124 10,816 Commerce, Political Economy, Social Baiting a 19,522 15,579 Education and Language... af Bs fe 23,566 22,361 Poetry and Dramatic Literature 3s Hb an 10,970 12,699 Latin and Greek Classics ae He ne sa 2,974 8,282 Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, &c. ... fae we 13,597 9,719 Totals 2%, a ah xr 290,020 302,899 TABLE III. Shewing the number and classification of works contained in the Reference Library : — Classification. Volumes. Theology, Morals, and Metaphysics... Ea nae a .. 8,585 Natural Philosophy, Mathematics, &c. ... ibe 3 2 indy, MALO29 Natural History ve oe ae a are & At noi La Science and the Arts ” ue oe: ied nase = 22, 18,047 History and Biography, &c. 3 te bale Ses ae pee, Lo, bL1 Topography and Antiquities Be ao ae oh aod Wintel ltsii ‘Voyages and Travels, Gazetteers, istates a =o) 6,082 Miscellaneous Literature (principally collected Warks,’ es Reviews, Societies’ Proceedings, &c., in volumes)... pram Loe Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics nee BA Pa ee LO6OD Commerce, Political Economy, Social Riou. £5. a. eae ah 3,474 Education and Language ... - e zs 2a ee Svsh 2,945 Poetry and Dramatic Literature... I ce Yee By. ee 4,789 Prose Fiction ... os a Ns se os ee BOS Latin and Greek Gleick ah irasaitane ve me soe nt 1,067 Encyclopedias and Works of General Reference are So .-. 4,985 Total ... Led Se --. 180,413 10 LIBRARIES. TABLE IV. CENTRAL LENDING AND BRANCH LIBRARIES. GENERAL STATISTICS. . | ; | _ Everton Toxteth Kensington Walton Sefton Park) Wavertree | Branch. | Branch. Branch, , Branch. Branch. Branch. | | | Volumes issued in Lend- | Volumes issued, &. Central ing Departments ......... 204,554 | 124,929 | 177,248 | 155,489 | 95,208 | 63,812 | 96,885 Volumes issued in General Reading Rooms.........++ — 91,815 | 128,006 | 85,080 | 16,933 18,022 Volumes issued in Ladies’ | PRODINIS Vesa septa eee eston sino — 24,457 | 17,793 | 17,769 — -- 1,625 Volumes issued in Boys’ . FROOTHS We r-tamaancereotadares _— 49,921 | 22,673 | 28,630 ee Wt 18,256 Magazines issued in | General Reading Rooms) — [135,627 |150,238 140,057 | 63,226 bairEe= 41,945 Magazines issued in . Ladies’ Rooms ..........++ — | 28,599 | 32,930 | 40,745| — | — | 19,581 Magazines issued in Boys’ 2 ROOMS, Syseiec caaosanvesevinp — 34,903 | 10,019 | 24,240 —- | — 50,933 Newspaper Readers in General Reading Rooms) — 145,242 |225,188 | 185,153 | 71,546 — 46,309 Newspaper Readers in | ) Ladies’ Rooms ............ a 7,753 / 81,793 | 26,714 Stee tillinns 3,305 New Tickets issued ......... 2,905 | 1,506 | 2,534 2,165 1.3154 814 1,006 Readers on the Books...... 6,001 / 3,026 5,304 4,277 2,514 1,607 2,805 Books lost or injured and ald OMMees cee sseeasresk seas 49 15 | 17 28 21 38 1 Books lost from Lending . . Departments............++ 3 a 1 2) 1; — — Books stolen from Reading | | IROOM pecisdppins wanesones es ty 16 | 12 14 1 — -- Volumes worn out and | Withdrawn ..............000 486 794 | 25 | 352 ~~ =~ — : : | Volumes worn out and | | PEPIGGOM ayo Gaede duvns severe 712 232 234 443 336 43 — Volumes added ............44 502 428 | 499 523 480 271 485 Total volumes in Libraries | 15,494 | 24,919 | 26,373 | 16,643 8,207 5,671 8,457 * Opened 20th October, 1904, — “OISNTAL JO SOUMJOA GIOM |OG'ZZ [BIO} SIT} JO. 6ze'Ler'T| GOL'6TS) GzL‘s | goG'Le | see‘9T | 6iP‘TST| BAP‘'seT| E6T'99T| OZr'sTG| sss‘96 | BIe‘e9 | 80z'G6 | | | a | ee ==! 4 ( nie sg €86'90| OBP'FZT| EEO 9S6‘8T a GGZ'LG | SP9‘9G | SGO'TS | EOT‘'GS | 6Z8‘ST a = 1075) eid eats = = =a LIBRARIES. 31 The following Periodicals, Newspapers, &c. have been presented regularly by the respective Publishers, &c.: — Herald of Peace Herald of the Golden Age Hereford Times Homeepathie World Horological Journal Incorporated Accountants’ Jourual Incorporated Society of Musicians, Journal of India In His Name Insurance Agent & Insurance Review Investors’ Guardian Irish Times Iron and Steel Trades Journal Isle-of-Man Examiner Labour Gazette Ladies’ League Gazette Laundry Journal Leaves of Healing Liberty Review Life-boat Light Literary News Liverpool Catholic Times Liverpool College Upper Magazine Liverpool Courier (daily and weekly) Liverpool Diocesan Gazette Liverpool Echo Liverpool Express Liverpool Freeman Liverpool Institute Schools Magazine Liverpool Journal of Commerce Liverpool Mercury (daily and weekly) Liverpool Porcupine Liverpool Post (daily and weekly) Liverpool Y.M.C.A. Journal Local Government Chronicle Locomotive Engineers’ and Firemen’s Journal London Argus Machinery Market Mafeking Mail Midland News Milling Mission Field Mona’s Herald Moravian Missions Motor Cycle Musical Herald Musicans’ Report and Journal National Service Journal Nature Notes Naval Warrant Officers Journal New Century New Church Magazine New Ireland Review Nonconformist Musical Monthly Northampton Mercury School 32. LIBRARIES. Northern Counties Education League Magazine Oddfellows’ Magazine Official Journal of the Patent Office Our Programme Oxford Chronicle Paper Maker Paper Makers’ Circular Patents Personal Rights Journal Petroleum Review Poor Law Officers’ Journal Positivist Review Present Truth Preston Herald Printers’ Register Protestant Search-light Public Health Engineer Queensland Government Gazette Queensland Government Mining Journal Railway Review Reports of Patents, Design, and Trade Mark Cases Rescue Notes Rhyl Record Round World Sanitary Inspector Script Phonographic Journal Sheffield Weekly Independent | | Shipping World Shoe and Leather Record Society of Chemical Industry : Journal Sphinx Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal State Correspondent Stationer, Printer, and Fancy Trades Register Stationery World Stonyhurst Magazine Student’s Journal Temperance Chronicle Textile Journal Timber Trades Journal Tool and Machinery Register Trade Marks Journal Training Ship ‘‘ Mercury "Magazine Travel Tuberculosis Two Worlds University Correspondent Vaccination Inquirer Vegetarian Messenger Vulcan Welsh Coast Pioneer Western Daily Press Worcestershire Herald Zoophilist PETER COWELL, Cuipr LIBRARIAN. THE MUSEUMS. The Director of Museums furnishes the Fifty-second Annual Report upon the conpucr and proGREss of the Museums, T.— GENERAL. Tue Frer Pusric Museums comprise : — (A) the Lorp Drersy Museum, of which the nucleus was the collections bequeathed in 1851 to the City, by the Thirteenth Karl of Derby. It contains both the Local Area and the Systematic Zoological, Geological, Mineralogical, and Botanical Departments, and in addition an Aquarium, containing both Fresh and Salt Water Animals, Amphibians and Reptiles. (B) the Mayrr Museum, the larger part of which was collected and presented to the Corporation in 1867, by Joseph Mayer, Ksq., F.S.A. These collections are specially rich in (a) Egyptian, Babylonian, and Assyrian Antiquities ; (b) Medieval European Ivories, Bronzes and Illuminated Manuscripts; (ec) the unrivalled Brian- Faussett Anglo-Saxon Collection ; (d) the Mather Mimatures ; and (e) the very important Pottery Collections, conspicuously rich in Wedgwood and Old Liverpool Wares, arranged now in the section devoted to the handiwork of the Caucasian race. Associated with this Museum, as belonging to the subjects illustrated by it, though not forming to any large extent part of the Mayer Bequest, are (/) the collections illustrating the ethnography of the Mongolian and Melanian races. _ The building, in which these collections are housed, was erected at the cost of the late Sir William Brown, in October, 1860. The Exhibition Galleries are open free to the public, as under: — During January, November, and December ... from 10 to 4 * February ce os se wie thse Lbo-4-30 4 March and October... - ikety | ah ane OU) * April to September... - eel a ae Te. CO ie Also on Monday Evenings during January to) March, and October to December ie OT et pe 34 MUSEUMS. . The Museums are closed on Sundays and Fridays (except the Fridays of Whit-, Easter- and Christmas Weeks) throughout the year, as well as on Christmas Day, and days of Public Fast and Thanksgiving. The Museums were represented by the Director at the Inter- national Zoological Congress at Berne during August; and at the Museums Association, which met at Norwich in July, to the Council of which he was re-elected to serve till 1907. Since 1896, a period of nine years, 55,971 specimens of Natural History and 8,005 specimens of Ethnography, totalling close upon 64,000 specimens, have been added to the collection, or on an average some what over 7,000 specimens per year. The Director has much pleasure in testifying to the care and attention to duty given by all the members of his Staff. It is with deep regret that he has to place on record the death of Mr. F. P. Marrat, who died on the 5th of November last at the advanced age of 84 years. He had been connected with the - Museums partly as an unattached assistant, and latterly as a member of the permanent Staft for 42 years. He may be said to have died in harness, for he was actively engaged upon the work he took so much interest in to within a very short time of his decease. He had a specially intimate knowledge of Mollusca and of Mineralogy, and in both groups he did much excellent work for the Museum. In the former subject he described many new species during the course of his life. The section dealing with the genus Oliva, in Sowerby’s “Thesaurus Conchyliorum,’ was written by him. He was, especially in his earlier days, an active member of several scientific societies in Liverpool, and often contributed important papers at their meetings. THis faculties were unimpaired to the end, and his colleagues can bear testimony to his wonderful memory and the help he was at all times ready to give in regard to the history of the collections in the Museums. The re-arrangement of the Egyptian collections has now so far advanced towards completion that the preparation of a Guide to the Gallery has become possible. Such a hand-book, containing a short MUSEUMS. 35 account of the specimens, their relation to the history of the dynasty to which they belong and to contemporary specimens exhibited elsewhere, is in preparation by the Director, and he hopes to be able to record its issue in his next Report. Dr. Philip Nelson and Mr. Samuel Smith, Junr., who have generously offered their services in the preparation of a Catalogue of the Coin Collection in the Museum, are far advanced with their work, and it is hoped that their volume will also be issued before the end of 1905. Since the enlargement of the Museums to nearly three times their former size, no new appointments to the Scientific Staff have been made. Now the need of at least one additional assistant, with a general acquaintance with the Arthropoda, and a special knowledge of one, or perhaps more, of its Classes, is increasingly felt. Large accessions to this great group—to which the Class Insecta, con- taining over 250,000 named species, the largest group in the animal kingdom, belongs—have accumulated during the last few years; they urgently require attention to prevent their deterioration, and setting and arrangement to render them available for study—a task which will oceupy all the time of a competent zoologist for some years. The Director (in addition to his increasing administrative duties), together with his two Biological Assistants, is alone responsible for the determination, arrangement and exposition of the representatives of every group of the animal and vegetable kingdoms in the Museums, a range of subjects necessitating in the British Museum the employment of no fewer than 35 specialists. The following very important letter by Professor Ray Lankester, F.R.S., Director of the Natural History Departments of the British Museum, on the subject of Musrums anp Narvure Srupy, was, with the very kind sanction of its author, reprinted and distributed to the Head Masters and Principals of many of the schools in Liverpool and District by the Director of Museums: 16th March, 1904. My Dear Str,—I have received a letter from the Rev. Claude Hinscliff making enquiries as to the Natural History Museum and nature study. 36 ’ MUSEUMS. In the first place, I wish to say that I have the greatest sympathy with the desire to make our museums as intelligible and useful to the people as possible. A great national museum like that in Cromwell Road is earried on with two main purposes in view : — A. The obtaining and. preservation of objects of natural history to be kept as records for all posterity, and for the purposes of scientific study and progress. B. The exhibition of such portions of the collections as are . fit for this purpose in public galleries for the “ edification ” of the public. The persons aimed at under this second head are not merely children or young persons undergoing courses of instruction, but every fairly intelligent member of the com- munity. It is to me often somewhat surprising that there are a large number of benevolent persons who are anxious to arrange for the visiting of museums by children or young people and yet have never visited such museums themselves, and are, apparently, not aware that the exhibitions in the museums are meant for their delight and instruction, even more than that of children. I may say that the two purposes which IT have mentioned are those which have been from the first recognised by the Trustees of the British Museum, and are more or less clearly indicated in the Act of Parliament of 1753. On the other hand, the Trustees have never aimed at what may be called “ academical ” or “ scholastic’ instruction, and probably it will be recognised that they are right in this attitude. Schools and colleges have their own small collections specially arranged in connection with class teaching. The ‘Trustees have never proposed to supply this kind of exhibition; on the other hand, they open the galleries to all the world for the instruction and edification which they can give on every day in the year except Good Friday and Christmas Day. Any teacher may bring young or adult pupils to the museum and explain the contents of the cases to his party, but only on condition that he ——— MUSEUMS. $7 or she does not cause any disturbance or inconvenience to other visitors. It would not do to have the public galleries used as a sort of free and general lecture hall for unauthorised or even for authorised lecturers. The contents of the cases are more and more carefully selected and arranged as years go by, and more and more skilfully labelled and set so as to convey information. The specimens set out are not merely such as to be pointed at and dismissed by a teacher escorting a crowd of children round the museum, but they are very beautiful and anxiously chosen things, calling for individual study and comparison by aid of the labels and guide-books which we provide. I am not able to speak of the Trustees’ views in this matter; but, personally, I should be glad to see a lecture theatre attached to the museum, as in the great Natural History Museum at New York, where lectures should be given once a week, free to the public and illustrated by lantern slides, on the contents of the museum and the way to see and study them. But such lectures should, in my opinion, be given by the very ablest members of our staff, or by men specially selected for their great ability in exposition, and not by any volunteer teachers or school authorities unconnected with the museum. That, I say again, is merely a wish of my own, and I am not able to say whether at any time in the future the Trustees may consider it worth putting into practice. The above remarks answer, I think, Mr. Hinsclifi’s inquiries Nos. 1 and 2 (see copy of Mr. Hinsclift’s letter, enclosed here- with). As to No. 3—* possibilities of lending slides and specimens ” —I may say that there are no slides to lend, but that we allow anyone to take photographs for slides on application, but we do not lend specimens. We could not remove them from the cases without loss and injury and destruction of our own exhibition. But we give away thousands of specimens every year. Every university in the country, a great many schools and municipal museums, and also the London School Board (County Council) are on a list of institutions or persons “approved by the 38 MUSEUMS. Trustees’ as fit to receive gifts of our duplicates. And we give, and are ready to give, to such institutions, from time to time, as duplicate specimens become available, thousands of insects, shells, bones, fishes, fossils, minerals, &e. But this *s important—we do not undertake to send out ready-made and school collections. We have not the staff for that, and it is not one of the purposes of the institution. Those who ask for and receive our specimens must know what they want and how to use what they get; that is to say, a really qualified teacher or curator who understands natural history must choose from our duplicates and know how to utilise what we give him. As to the last enquiry (No. 4)—‘ aids from the staff available for teachers ”’—I must say that there is none and ought to be none. The services of the staft of educated naturalists who deal with the collections are freely given to assist not only other naturalists who are experts, but also im identifying specimens for and helping less instructed members of the public, who either write to make enquiries or visit the “studies” of the museum-—the so-called private rooms—making use of a student’s ticket which is given on application, subject to certain conditions, much as a reader’s ticket is given at Bloomsbury. Teachers can avail themselves of such tickets. But the staff would not be permitted to assist a teacher in teaching in the galleries of the museum. The staff has other and very onerous duties to perform. My own notion (I speak for myself, and not officially) is that a teacher who would require the assistance of the staff is not exactly competent. The whole place is arranged and guide- books are provided so as to render it easy for a moderately intelligent person to understand what is before him, and a teacher certainly ought to have visited the place and found out what it contains before taking others there. It is a matter for astonishment that though the museum is very largely visited (about 440,000 persons a year: 48,000 in last January alone, as against 27,000 in January, 1903), yet there seem to be no persons who make it their business as a MUSEUMS. - 89 matter of livelihood to conduct parties round the museum and explain its contents. There would be no interference on the part of the authorities with such “ guides,” so long as they did not act in a way that could annoy other visitors to the museum. On the other hand, it seems to me that teaching, in the sense of detailed instruction of a class of young people or children, should not be carried on in front of the cases in the public galleries. Such teaching should be done in the classroom of a school. The visit to the museum should be a less formal thing, full of surprises, and accompanied by recognition of this and that, but not the occasion for the teacher to go into great detail, or to require “ facilities” for putting himself forward. We, if I may say so, are the teachers at the natural history museum; we have arranged the lessons by specimens, labels, and guide-books, and it can all be taken in quietly and effectively by those to whom it is addressed if they will exercise a little trouble and attention. I should like, as I have said above, to reduce this trouble and exaction of attention to a minimum by having a big illustrated lecture once a week, on different portions of the galleries, so as to tell people what to look at in each gallery, what is the significance of the arrangement, and the importance of the chief specimens. This could be done better and more easily by a series of recurring lectures, illustrated by lantern slides, than by guide-books or by school teachers. It is done by the guide- books, but it is the nature of visitors to a museum to refuse to read the official guide-books or the labels attached to the cases. In conclusion, let me say that the views I have expressed are my own views, and must not be taken as committing in any way the Trustees of the museum. And, further, I must point out that, whilst I hold that the great national museum of natural history should not be looked upon or even used as a - school museum, yet I think that /ocal museums and provincial museums may very properly make the provision of special educational sets of specimens—adapted to the special require- ments of school-children and their teachers—a prominent feature in their organisation. Even when this is done, I think “40 MUSEUMS. that no school or college, however humble, should be without its own collections of natural history, and that in proportion as the school is well provided these should be well chosen and well cared for. Lastly, I desire once again most emphatically to state my conviction that the instruction and interest offered by the collections in museums is by no means of a nature specially fitted for children’s minds. I doubt very much whether children should be taken to any museum, except as a treat, and then only for a very short visit. Museums, whether metro- politan and national or local, are properly addressed to grown- up, intelligent people, and, whilst such people do not choose to give their time and trouble to visiting the museums and enjoying what they have to give, more harm than good will be done by dragging unwilling children through museum galleries under the guidance of wearisome “ teachers.” Nine- tenths, or even ninety-nine hundredths of the persons who sit on municipal and other committees concerned in the manage- ment of public museums know nothing about the contents of the museums, and never visit them themselves for pleasure or instruction. In sheer ignorance and misconception they insist on the educational value of these museums for “ children.” The child who is taken by an unsympathetic teacher to a museum, and there severely taught, probably grows up with as great a distaste for museums as the older generation exhibit. There is a great deal to be said in favour of letting a museum teach impersonally, quietly, unforcibly, and unhurriedly; its impressiveness, aided by a certain mystery and charm in its unspoken appeal, its dignified silence, and its seemingly inexhaustible stores of strange and beautiful things. Iam, my dear Sir, Yours faithfully, (Signed) H. RAY LANKESTER, Director. Sir George Kekewich, K.C.B., President, The School Nature Study Union. citi MUSEUMS. 41 II.—Visttors. During the year there has been some slight decrease in the number of visitors to the Museums, compared with that of the previous year, as shown by the averages in the following table: 1903, 1904, (263 Days) (263 Days) Total Visitors ah AS At} fas 499,431 Ee 482,910 Weekly Average... ie a are 9,604 iz 9,286 Daily Average oe ace BE Sa 1,898 aS 1,836 The attendance of school children under the charge of teachers has been well maintained, over 1,600 children and 120 teachers having availed themselves of the clause in the Education Code, whereby time devoted to instruction in Museums reckons as school attend- ance. School teachers are making increased use of the Museum theatre to give special lessons to their pupils—specimens being brought from the Museum cases for illustrating them. Such a course is found to be of greater educational value than merely a general visit with no specific object. Occasional lectures and demonstrations have been given by members of the Staff, on arrangement having previously been made by the teachers with the Director. Persons desirous of employing the Museums for the purpose of research, reference or sketching may, by application to the Director, and on giving satisfactory references, obtain tickets enabling them to enter on Fridays, when special facilities are afforded to students. ‘Tickets were issued, as usual, during the year (chiefly) to Artists, of whom a much larger number than heretofore have availed them- selves of the advantages the Museum collections afford, and to Students of Natural History, Osteology and Dental Anatomy, who have made extensive use of the collections, mainly on the days when the Museums were closed to the public. ‘The pupils studying at the Mount Street School of Art attend in a body, regularly once a week. The following, among others, have visited the Museums during the year for the purpose of inspecting the collections or other special object:-—Dr. Storie Dixson, Sydney University; His Excellency, Sir J. P. Rodger, K.C.M.G., Governor of the Gold Coast, West 49 MUSEUMS. Africa; Councillor Roberts, Bradford; Rev. Leonard P. Robin, Organizing Secretary, Melanesian Mission; Mr. R. Clipston Sturgis, Architect to the Trustees of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, U.S.A.; Dr. W. E. Hoyle, Owens College Museum, Manchester ; Professor Pfeffer, Hamburg; Miss A. B. Gallup, Curator, Children’s Museum, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.; Mr. Raymond Koechlin, Societe des Amis du Louvre, Rue de Rivoli, Paris; Mr. Alan H. Gardiner, Edward’s Library, University College, London; Mr. White, Museum, Dublin; Mr. Bromley, India; Mr. C. Melville and Mr. Ty B., Hall, Il]. —Lecrvres. Twenty-two lectures were delivered by members of the Staff on Monday evenings, in the Lecture Theatre of the Museums. They were illustrated by specimens trom the Museums and by lantern slides. The total attendance at the lectures was 5,879, average per evening 176. The following is a list of the subjects :— A course of four Lectures on ‘“‘ Flowers of Winter,” was given by Mr. W.S. Laverock, M.A. B.Se. :— Jan. 4th.—‘‘ Christmas Roses and Winter Aconite.” » 1lth—*t Chickweed and Purple Dead-uettle.” », 18th.—‘‘ Ivy and Gorse.” 5» 25th.— The Daisy and the Groundsel.” A course of five Lectures on “ The Native Tribes of North and South America” was given by Mr. P. Entwistle, Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum :— Feb. Ist and 8th_—“ The Eskimos.” Feb. 29th and Mar. 7th——‘‘ The North American Indians.” ~ Mar. 14th‘ The South American Indians.” __ A course of two Lectures by Mr. W.S. Laverock, M.A., B.Sc. :— Mar. 21st and 28th.—‘‘ The British Reptiles.” MUSEUMS. 43 A course of four Lectures on “ The Influence of Environment on the Structure of Animals,” by Mr. J. A. Clubb, M.Se., Assistant Curator of the Lord Derby Museum :— Oct. 10th.—Introduetory. », L7th.—‘‘ Natural Selection.” » 24th.— Birds that run, and animals that fly.” 5, 3lst..—‘* Dry-land Fishes and Aquatic Animals.” A course of four lectures on ‘ Coins,” by Dr. Philip Nelson :-— Nov. 7th and 14th.—* The Siege Coins of England, 1645-1648.” », 21lst.—‘‘ The Coins of the Isle of Man.” » 28th—'‘ The Coins of the British Colonies in North America, prior to 1776.” A course of three lectures on “ Local History and Archeology,” by Mr. P. Entwistle, Assistant Curator of the Mayer Museum :-— Dec. 5th.—‘‘ The Art of the Liverpool Potter.” 5, 12th.‘ The Ancient Model of Liverpool.” », 19th.—‘‘ Relics of Ancient Liverpool.” A. LORD DERBY MUSEUM. ZooLocicaL Departmen’. (a) GENERAL. Several dredging excursions have been undertaken during the year to the estuary of the Mersey and the Irish Sea, for the purpose of obtaining specimens for the Local Collection of Marine Fauna. Through the kindness of the Sanitary Sub-Committee, the City Engineer’s Department gave permission for the Director to occasionally place members of the staff on board the “ Beta,” when on its periodic visits to the ‘‘ Deposit Grounds,” near the North-West Lightship. This vessel has been utilised also for the purpose of bringing fresh seawater from beyond the North-West Lightship for supplying the Aquarium. The thanks of the Com- mittee are due to Captain Griffiths for his most willing help and 44 MUSEUMS. courtesy during the trips on which the officers have accompanied him, and also for so frequently bringing in objects of interest to the Museum which have fallen in his way on other occasions. The Science Cabinets, containing properly identified and labelled specimens, on selected subjects, have been distributed to the various Elementary Schools in the City as in former years; applications have also become more numerous for specimens for object lessons (mainly Natural History), and for the series of Technical Appliances on loan from the Museums. ‘The increase in the applications for Museum specimens has necessitated considerable additions to the loan collections. This educational feature, which has for its purpose the promotion of scientific teaching throughout the City, is being more and more appreciated. Numerous applications have been made to the Director by educational authorities, not only in. Iingland, but in America and Australia for information as to the working of the system. In the Local Area Gallery, substantial progress has been made, during the past year, with its re-arrangement and in the mounting of specimens of the Local Fauna. Representatives of the Red and Fallow Deer, and of the Ancient Wild Cattle of Britain, are still desiderata to complete the groups of local mammals. There is some hope, however, of these being obtained and set up before next Annual Report. Five groups of the nesting birds of the district in their natural habitats, with their nests and eggs or young, were on exhibition at the close of 1903. Thirty additional groups, con- -sisting of Jay, Starling, Magpie, Robin, Willow-Warbler, Chiff- chaff, Merlin, Peregrine Falcon, Nightjar, Whitethroat, Wheatear, Ring-ouzel, Song Thrush, Missel-Thrush, Blackbird, Great Black- backed Gull, Herring Gull, Common Gull, Kittiwake, Black-headed Gull, Golden Eagle, Mallard Duck, Oyster-Catcher, Long-eared Owl, Barn Owl, Tawny Owl, group of four species of Terns with Ringed Plover, &e., have been prepared during the -year dealt with in this Report. Several of the sea-bird groups have attracted large and interested crowds, many of whom, not alone those acquainted with the habits of the birds, but more especially those whose opportunities of seeing them in life are MUSEUMS. 45 rare, have expressed the great pleasure derived from the life-like attitudes of the species, and the accurate reproduction of their habitats. The collection of British Birds’ Eggs has been arranged and placed in the open gallery, in a cabinet with glazed and “stopped ” drawers, so as to be easily and conveniently consulted by visitors at all times, without application to the Staff. The preparation of satisfactory examples of the local fishes, reptiles and amphibians, and the suitable mounting of them for exhibition in fluid or as dry preparations; dredging excursions to obtain fresh specimens of fishes with other much-desired marine forms, their preservation and fixing, or the casting of those fishes too large to place in jars, in plaster or papier-mache, with the necessary careful painting of the same, have occupied much of the time of the Assistant Curator, his Laboratory Assistant and the Draughtsman during the year. It is hoped that the local reptiles and fishes will be completely on exhibition before the close of 1905. In the Upper Gallery, where the systematic collections are arranged, additions have been made from time to time to the Mammals, and about 490 representatives of the remaining genera ot the non-passerine orders of Birds have been mounted and exhibited in metal cases, similar to those already in the gallery. The general labelling of the cases and of their contents has also been pro- ceeded with as rapidly as it could be undertaken by the printer. During the year, the cases exemplifying the classification of the Reptilia and Amphibia have been completed, and considerable pro- gress has been made in preparing specimens to illustrate that of the Fishes, and so complete the Vertebrate Section of the Animal . Kingdom. The collection of fishes in the Museum consists chiefly of stuffed specimens, prepared before taxidermy became the art it now is, all of them in a very unsatisfactory state, and some of them (being 40 to 50 years old) practically useless for any Museum purpose. It will be a considerable time before a really good collec- tion, properly preserved and mounted for exhibition, can be accumulated. The re-arrangement of the Invertebrata has been begun: that of the mollusca now approaching completion, The shells have been 46 MUSEUMS. again set out in the desk cases in which they were formerly exhibited. The plan adopted in the Vertebrate groups has been followed in the arrangement of the mollusca. Examples of the main genera of each of the families have alone been placed on view, so that the classification of the group may be more easily grasped by the student without his being overburdened by a plethora of species. The bulk of the collection—one of the most complete in England—is being relegated to the study series, which will in due course be arranged in glass-covered, ‘ stopped”? drawers in the cabinets beneath the exhibited series, so as to be always accessible to the specialist, without loss of time to him and without the necessity of intruding upon the time and services of an assistant. The Assistant in the Botanical Department made, as usual, numerous excursions during the summer into districts surrounding Liverpool, to collect specimens required to fill up gaps in the British series in the Botanical transept. In the carpenters’ shops, in addition to the ordinary repairs and fittings, twenty-six exhibition cases have been made—sixteen to accommodate British Bird groups with natural surroundings for the Local area collection, and ten pillar cases for Egyptian Antiquities in the main hall. A very large number of stands, for specimens and other fittings, have also been constructed. (b) CONSERVATION. All the collections on exhibition have so far as pressure on the staff has permitted been periodically examined, dusted and kept free from moth or other pest. The store cabinets and tanks, containing specimens preserved in fluid, have also been systematically gone over for the purpose of renewing the spirit or other preservative. The store cabinets have also had constant attention, the entomological collections especially requiring frequent examination, Three additional taxidermists have been employed during part of the year on the very urgent work of reducing to flat skins (for placing in the study cabinets and for thew proper conservation) the vast number of specimens, both of mammals and of birds remaining MUSEUMS. 47 over after the representative generic series had been selected for exhibition. Several thousands of specimens still remain awaiting their turn, and until this work has proceeded much further than at present, the two galleries which it is necessary now to use as store- rooms for them cannot be proceeded with. (c) Loans. The following loans of Museum specimens for purposes of scientific investigation were made during the year ;— 9 Photographie Enlargements of South African Natives, lent to Miss F. M. Wetherman, Girls’ School, Park Lea, Sefton Park. 55 specimens of Larks, 26 specimens of Nuthatches (Sttta), and 26 specimens of Parus, lent to Dr. KE. Hartert, Zoological Museum, Tring, Herts. 3 Circulating School Cabinets (“ Shells and their uses,” “ Insects,” and ‘‘ Crustacea *), lent to Mr. Charles W. Bailey, B.A., Principal, Sefton Park School, for exhibition at the Balfour Institute. 2 Circulating School Cabinets (“ Coal” 1 and 2), lent to Miss Hall, Stepney Borough Museum, Whitechapel, London. Specimens of Planocera pellucida (Mertens), lent to F. F. Laidlaw, Wynnthorpe, Withington, Manchester, Specimen of Mungoose, lent to Mr. Oldfield Thomas, British Museum, Natural Ilistory, Cromwell Road, London. (d) Presents. Among the donations with which the Museum collections have been enriched the following deserve special mention : A collection of Bird Skins from Muonionska, Finland, from the collection of the late R. Meinertzhagen, Esq., presented by Mrs. Meinertzhagen, Mottisfont, Hants. : _ Small collections of Shells and Minerals presented by Mrs. Cookson, Bootle, 48 MUSEUMS. (e) EXcHaNnGEs. Professor Paterson, Anatomy Department, the University, received specimens of 20 Mammalian Skulls in exchange for specimens to be subsequently arranged. (f) AcQuIsItTions. INVERTEBRATES— Porifera. Two Sponges (D. 27. 4.04.9) from the estuary of the Mersey collected (with other marine specimens) from s.s. “Beta” by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. Sponges (Suberites domuncula), (D. 25. 5. 04. 4 and 14), from the estuary of the Mersey: collected and presented by Captain Griffiths s.s. “ Beta.” Ccelenterata. Sea Anemones (Metridiwn dianthus, Tealia crassicornis and Sagartia ornata) (D. 9. 5. 04. 13), from the estuary of the Mersey: collected and presented by Captain Griffiths. Colonies of Sertularia operculata, S. polyzonias and Obelia plicata (D. 4. 10. 04.7. 8 and 9), and two Jelly-fishes (I?hizostoma pulmo) (D. 23. 9. 04. 2), from the estuary of the Mersey: collected by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. Echinoderms. Fossil Echinoderm (indet.) (D. 2. 3, 04. 1), from Winchester, Hampshire: collected and presented by Master C. T. Cleaver, 10-12, Hayman’s Green, West Derby. Rosy-feather Star (Antedon bifida), Sea-urchin (Hehinus miliaris) and Heart-urchin (Spatangus purpureus) (D. 9. 5. 04. 8-10), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, s.s. “ Beta.” Echinoderm (D. 27. 4. 04. 8), twenty-five Star-fishes (Ophiura albida and Astropecten irregularis), and twenty Echinoids (Echinocardium cordatum) (D. 28. 9. 04. 5-6), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected by trawl from s.s. “Beta” by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. a MUSEUMS. 49 Vermes. Twenty-three Anneli!s (Aphrodite aculeata and Pectinaria belqica) (D. 27. 4. 04. 10, D. 23. 9. 04. 7 and D. 4. 10. 04. 1), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected by trawl from s.s. “ Beta’”’ by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. Three Annelids (Aphrodite aculeata and indet.) (D. 9.5. 04. 11-12) (D. 25.5. 04. 1), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected ard presented by Captain Griffiths. Arthropoda. Crustacea. Crab (Corystes cassivelaunus) (D. 14. 3. 04. 1), from Llanddwyn Bay, Anglesea; collected and presented by T. Coward, Esgq., “ Brent- wood,’’ Bowdon, Cheshire. Four Swimming Crabs (Portunus depurator), three Shrimps (Cran- gon vulgaris) (D. 25. 4, 04. 1-2), six Crustaceans (Hupagurus bernhardus), (Pandalus annulicornis and Hyas coarctaius) (D. 27. 4. 04. 4-6), a Shell-fish (Trochus dorynchus) (D. 27. 4. 04. 7), a number of Amphipods (Gammarus locusta), one Isopod (Idotea linearis), one Crab (Portunus variegatus) (D. 28. 6.04. 1-3), one Amphipod (Hyperia galba) (D. 23. 9. 04. 1), and seven Crustaceans (1 Stenorhynchus tenuirostris) and six Amphipods (Caprella linearis) (D. 4. 10. 04. 4-5), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected by the Assistant Curator and the Laboratory Assistant. Fifteen Crustaceans (Hyas coarctatus), (Pandalus brevirostris), (Palemon serratus), (D. 9. 5. 04. 5-7) and four Masked Crabs (Corystes cassivelaunus) (D. 7.6.04. 2), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, s.s. “ Beta.” - Crustacean (Munidopsis polymorpha) (D. 28. 5.04. 1), from the Island of Lanzarote, Canary Islands; collected by Mr. G. F. Prevost, presented by Rev. Charles Yeld, Grassendale Vicarage, Liverpool. Tracheata. Four Larve (indet.), four Beetles (indet.), and a Millepede and Centipede (app. indet.) (D. 2. 4. 04. 1-2, D. 2. 7. 04. 1, 2 and 3, 50 MUSEUMS. D. 2. 8. 04. 1, D. 8.8. 04. 1, and D. 5. 9. 04. 1-2), from timber at the Liverpool Docks; collected and presented by Mr. W. Swan, 10, Viola Street, Bootle. Locust (indet.) (D. 26. 5, 04. 1); collected and presented by Mr. George Burrough, 103, Leopold Road, Liverpool. British Beetle (Necrophorus vespillo) (D. 18. 8. 04. 1); presented by Mr. Thomas N. Latham. Beetle (indet.) (D. 15. 6. 04. 1); purchased. Sawfly (Sirea gigas) (D. 80. 7. 04. 1); collected and presented by Mr. John Roberts, Bank House, Menai Bridge. Insect (Belostoma grande) (D,16. 4. 04. 2) from La Guira ; collected and presented by Mr. W. S. McMillan, Esq., Maghull. Two Congregating Moths (Anaphe infracta) and two Cocoons of same moth (D. 15. 8. 04. 1-2), and Beetle (indet.) (D. 6. 9. 04. 1); presented by Mr. James A. Weale, Boundary Place, Liverpool. Centipede (indet.) (D. 27. 10. 04. 1); presented by Mr. Richard Chamberlain. 'hree Beetles (indet.) (D. 15. 11. 04. 1-2), from Koko Town and Sepele, Benin, W. Africa, collected and presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, s.s. ‘‘ Nyanga.” Specimen of Bee’s Wax (D. 15. 11. 04. 3), from a Kwitta village, Gold Coast, W. Africa; collected and presented by Mr. Johnson A. Active, Jellah Coffee, per Mr. A. Ridyard, s.s. “ Nyanga.” Mollusca. Twenty-six Molluses (Sepiola atlantica, Rossia macrosoma, Lobigo media, Pecten opercularis (shell and animal) (D. 9. 5. 04. 1), Loligo media, Eledone cirrhosus, Holis papillosa, Doto fragilis (D.11.5.04. 1-4), Doto fragilis (D. 25. 5. 04. 2), Loligo media (D. 7. 6. 04. 1), Sepiola atlantica (D. 7. 9. 04. 1), Loligo vulgaris (D. 27. 9. 04. 1), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, 3.8. ‘‘ Beta.” a MUSEUMS. 51 Seventy-five Molluscs (Pecten opercularis, Natica monilifera and Fusus antiquus (D. 27. 4. 04. 1), (Syndosmya alba, Mactra stultorum, Nucleus nucleus and Cardium echinatum shells and animals (D. 23. 9. 04. 8), Pecten opercularis, shell and animal and Loligo media (D. 4. 10. 04. 1-2), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected by trawl from s.s. ‘‘ Beta” by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. Two Shells (indet.) (D. 16. 4. 04. 1), from the Bay of St. Lucia ; collected and presented by W. 8S. MeMillan, Esq., Maghull. Shell (Cyprea lentiginosa) (D. 19. 8. 04.1), from Dabai, Persian Gulf; collected by Mr. T. W. Townshend and presented by Mr. J. C. Melville, Manchester. Collection of Shells (D. 20. 6. 04. 1, ete.), from various localities, consisting of upwards of 150 specimens: presented by Mrs. Cookson, 208, Marsh Lane, Bootle. Tunicata. Two Ascidians (indet.) (D. 25. 5. 04.1), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, s.s. “ Beta.” Compound Ascidian (indet.) (D. 4. 10. 04. 3), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected (with other marine material) by trawl from s.s. ‘ Beta’ by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. VERTEBRATES— Fishes. White Bream (Abramis blicca) (C. 80. 1. 04.1), from the River Alyn, Rossett, N. Wales; collected and presented by Mr. Fothergill, City Angling Club. Trumpet Fish (Centriscus scolopax) (C. 6. 3.04. 1) probably from the coast of Cornwall; presented by Mr. H. J. Barker, 54, Russian Drive, Stonycroft. Three Lesser Weevers (Trachinus vipera), two Gobies (Gobius minutus) (C. 25. 4. 04. 1-2), two Dragonets (Callionymus lyra) 3 and ?, three Gobies (Gobius minutus), and two Sea Snails (Liparis vulgaris) (C. 27. 4. 04. 1-8), two Rays (Raia batis), one Ray (Raia maculata), and one Dab (Pleuronectes limanda) (C. 28. 6. 04. 1-8), four Gurnards 52 MUSEUMS, (Trigla gurnardus), one Seald Fish (Arnoglossus laterna), two Pipe Fish (Sygnathus acus) (C. 4. 10. 04. 1-3) (C. 28. 9. 04. 1), from the estuary of the Mersey; trawled from s.s. ‘“‘ Beta’’ by the Assistant Curator and Laboratory Assistant. One Spotted Dragonet (Callionymus maculatus), three Butter Fishes (Centronotus gunnellus), one Pogge (Agonis cataphractus), three Solenettes (Solea lutea), one Scald Fish (Arnoglossus laterna), four Lemon Dabs (Pleuronectes microcephalus), two Sea Snails (Liparis vulgaris), three Montagu’s Suckers (Liparis montagut), three Five- bearded Rocklings (Onus mustela). and the Megrim juv. (Lepidorhombus megastoma (C. 9. 5. 04. 1-10), from the estuary of the Mersey; trawled from s.s. ‘‘ Beta” and presented by Captain Griffiths. Mediterranean or Six-gilled Shark (Notidanus griseus) (C.80.5.04.1), captured off the Blasquetts, S.W. Coast of Ireland; presented by Messrs. Harley & Miller, St. John’s Market, Liverpool. Lesser Spotted Dog-fish (Scyllium canicula) g (C. 10. 6. 04. 1), from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Captain Griffiths, s.s. ‘‘ Beta.”’ Tope (Galeus vulgaris) (C. 15. 6. 04. 1), from Carnarvon Bay; purchased. Pike (sox luctus), painted cast (C. 18.12.04. 1); purchased. Amphibia. Two European Salamanders (S. maculosa) (C. 5. 3. 04. 1), brought from store rooms and now referred to this date. One Newt, one Toad (Bufo vulgaris), and a Salamander (Salamandra maculosa) (C. 17. 12. 04. 1); presented by Dr. H. O'Connell, 2, Dudley Road, Sefton Park, Liverpool. Reptiles. Chameleon (Chameleon basiliscus) (B. 3.8.04. 1), from Alexandria ; presented by Mr. J. H. Evans, 35, Exe Street, Beaumont Street, Liverpool. Tortoise (indet.) (B. 5. 5.04.1), from Jellah Coffee, West Africa; presented by Mr. Thomas Agbffiah, per Mr. A. Ridyard. ——_— = MUSEUMS. 53 Various Snakes in preservative fluid (indet.) (B. 25.5. 04.1, ete.); presented by Mr. George Burrough, 103, Leopold Road, Liverpool. Four Lizards (Seps tridactyle, Uromastix hardwichi, Algeroides nigripunctata), five Viviparous Lizards (Zootoca vivipara), two Limbless Lizards (Anguis fragilis), one Chameleon (Chameleon ventralis), two Terrapins (Clemmys caspica and Chrysemys picta) and one Tortoise (Emys orbicularis) (B. 17. 12. 04. 1-9), from Southern Europe, North America and India; presented by Dr. J. H. O’Connell, 2, Dudley Road, Sefton Park, Liverpool. Birds. One Diver (Colymbus septentrionalis) 2 (B. 6. 2.04.1) from the estuary of the Mersey; collected and presented by Captain Archibald. Two Albatrosses (Diomedea exulans, Linn.) stuffed, (B. 22. 2. 04. i): presented by Mrs. Edgar, 20, Ashbourne Road, Aigburth Road, Liver- pool. Sparrow Hawk (Accipiter nisus) (B. 11. 3.04.1), Raven (Corvus corax) (B. 7. 4. 04. 1), and Merlin (Falco esalon) (B. 8.10. 04. 1), from Workington; presented by George Dickinson, Esq., 10, Water Street. Starling (Sturnus rulgaris) (B.22.4.04. 1), from Pwllheli, one of a series from a migratory flight, killed on the cliffs; presented by Mr. W. P. Owen, 57, High Street, Pwllheli. Blue Mountain Lory (T'richoglossus nove hollandie) (B. 18.5.04. 1), Golden Pheasant (Thaumalea picta, Linn.) (B. 7. 9. 04. 1), Nicobar Pigeon (Calenus nicobarica, Linn.) (B. 23.11.04. 1), from the Aviaries, Sefton Park, and a Raven (Corvus corax) (B. 20. 9. 04. 1), from the Aviaries, Newsham Park; presented by the Parks and Gardens Committee, per the Superintendent. Blackeock (Tetrao tetrix, Linn.), 2 , with abnormal tail (B.10.6.04.1) and an Amherst Pheasant (Thaumalea amherstie, Leadb.), 3 ,(B. 18.12. 04.1); presented by R. D. Holt, Esq., C.C. - Four Hawfinches (Coccothraustes vulgaris), 9 and 2? imm. and ¢ ad. (B. 27. 6. 04. 1-2); purchased. Swift (Cypselus apus) (B.2.8.04.1), from Broad Green ; presented by the late Mr. F. P. Marrat. 54 MUSEUMS. Three Noddy Terns (Anous stolidus) (B. 15. 8. 04. 1), from Akassa, Southern Nigeria; presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, s.s. “ Nyariga.” Two Snow Buntings (Plectrophanes nivalis), 3 and ? , (B.29.8.04.1) ; purchased. Goldfinch (Carduelis elegans) (B. 6. 9. 04. 1); purchased. Albino “Merlin (Faleo esalon) (B. 12. 9. 04. 1), from Darwen purchased. Collection of Bird Skins, consisting of 111 specimens representing 64 genera and 70 species (B. 13. 10. 04. 1, et seq.) from Muonioniska, Finland, and other localities: from the collection of the late R. Meinertzhagen, Esq., presented by Mrs. Meinertzhagen, Mottisfont, Hants. Three Photographs (platinotype prints) of nests and young of Blackbird, Gannet and Lesser Black-backed Gull (B. 14. 10. 04. 1); presented by Mr. R. Welch, belfast. Long-eared Owl (Asio otus), 3, (B. 19. 12. 04. 1): purchased. Hawfinch (Coccothraustes vulgaris) (B. 29, 12. 04. 1): presented. Ten Skulls of Birds (b. 30. 12. 04. 1, ete.); presented by Miss Tuckwell, 5, Grange Mount, Heswall. Mammals. Carcase of Monkey (Colobus sp.) (A. 11. 4. 04. 1), from West Africa; presented by Mr. W. Seward, Manchester Street, Liverpool. Civet Cat (Viverra civetta) (A. 5. 5.04.1), from Jellah Coffee, West Africa; presented by Mr. John Koblavie, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Skin and skull of Kinkajou (Cercoleptes caudivolvulus) (A. 11. 5. 04. 1); received in exchange. Set of Miniature Horns of the female Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) (A. 2. 6. 04. 1), from North America; presented by Mr. N. 8. MeMillan, 4, Galloway Road, Waterloo. Stoat (Mustela erminea), white var. (A. 30. 6. 04. 1); purchased. | : | MUSEUMS. do Three Human Skulls (incomplete) (A. 2. 7. 04. 1), from New Guinea; purchased. Two Seals (Phoca vitulina) (A. 12. 8. 04. 1), captured at Dundee; purchased. Pair of Horns of the * Bush Cow” (A. 15. 8. 04. 1), from Sierra Leone, West Africa; presented by A. Buckle, Esq., J.P., Carlton House, Pultney Street, Sierra Leone, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Skin of Pangolin (Manis sp.) (A. 15. 8. 04. 2), from Benin, presented by J. Hadon Raney, Esq., Miller Bros. & Co., Benin, Southern Nigeria, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Two Scotch Hares (Lepus timidus), @ and @ (A. 16. 8. 04. 1); purchased. Hare (Lepus europaeus), albino (A. 11. 10. 04.), from Warrington ; presented by Mr. Comberbach. Skin of small Mammal (Arvicola sp.) (A. 13. 10. 04. 1), from Muonioniska, Finland; from the collection of the late R. Meinertz- hagen, Esq., presented by Mrs. Meinertzhagen, Mottisfont, Hants. Bat (Myotis nattert) (A. 15. 10. 04. 1), from Barnsley, York- shire; presented by Mr. F. A. Coward, ‘* Brentwood,’ Bowdon, Cheshire. Skull of Great fossil Aurochs (Bison priscus) (A. 29. 10. 04. 1), found without register number, from Siberia, and presented by Mr. St. George Littledale in 1899. Now registered under this date. Fragment of Skull of an ungulate (indet.) with horns (A. 15. 11. 04. 1), from Lome, Togoland, West Africa, and Skin of Anubis Baboon (Papio anubis), incomplete (A. 15. 11. 04. 2), from Baywe, Kwitta, West Africa; presented by Chief James Oeceloo, Kwitta, Gold Coast, per Mr. A. Ridyard. Skin of Daubenton’s Bat (J/yotis daubentonz) (A. 24. 12. 04. 1), from Teddington; presented by Mr. A. H. Bishop. Water Chevrotain (Hyomoschus aquaticus), imm. ? (A.27.12.04.1) ; purchased. 56 MUSEUMS. Four Skulls of domestic mammals (A. 28. 12. 04. 1-4); presented by Miss Tuckwell, 5, Grange Mount, Heswall, Cheshire. BorantcaL DEPARTMENT. The acquisitions in this department are as follows : — Collection of botanical specimens—part of the Herbarium of the late Robert Brown (E. 20. 1. 1904. 1, &c.); presented by his son, Mr. R. D. Brown, 33, Peel Street, Liverpcol. Large specimen of Lunaria biennis (Ki. 22. 1. 1904. 1); grown and presented by Mrs. Middleton, Raweliffe Station, Yorkshire, R.S.O. Small clump of Saxifraga tridactylites, with insects, &e., adhering to leaves, from Kirkby Lonsdale (HE. 14. 5. 1904. 1); collected and presented by Rev. T. 8. Lea, Kirkby Lonsdale. Puffball (Lycoperdon giganteum ?) (KE. 7. 5. 1904. 1); brought from the taxidermist’s department, and now registered under this date. Piece of Ambatch from the Blue Nile forming the “ Sudd,”’ piece of “ Cheese wood” from Colombia, South America (KE. 13. 5. 1904. 1 and 2), and a piece of wood from Lagos, West Coast of Africa (EH. 25. 6. 1904. 1); presented by James A. Weale, Ksq., Boundary Place, Liverpool. About five hundred and eighty specimens cf plants, &c., repre- senting 192 species, from various localities (H. 4. 6. 1904. 1-12, 9. 6. 1904. 1-11, 16. 6. 1904. 1-19, 23. 6. 1904. 1-18, 28. 6. 1904. 1-13, 27. 7. 1904. 1-9, 12. 8. 1904. 1-19, 20. 8. 1904. 1-20, 25. 8. 1904. 1-25, 10. 9. 1904. 1-16, 15. 9. 1904. 1-11, 23. 9. 1904. 1-8); collected for the British Herbarium by the Assistant in the Lord Derby Museum. Small collection of dried plants and ferns (E. 15. 7. 1904. 2, &e.); presented by Mrs. Cookson, 280, Marsh Lane, Bootle. Photograph of a Mango Tree (EH. 15. 7. 1904. 1); purchased. Mesembryanthemum (indet.), in flower, from Cornwall (KE. 18. 7. 1904. 1); presented by Alderman Stolterfoht. MUSEUMS. OF Four pieces of stem of a Dicotyledon (indet.) (E. 2. 8. 1904, Ls purchased. Leaf of “ Okay ” or Potash tree, from between Prohensi Creek and Fishtown, Benin River (E. 24. 9. 1904, 1); presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, S.S. Nyanga. Three specimens of Statice limonium, from the neighbourhood of Bromborough Pool (BE. 29. 9. 1904. 1); collected with material for the taxidermist’s work by the Taxidermist. Small collection of plants, consisting of twenty-seven specimens, representing fifteen species, from various localities (E. 5. 10. 1904. 1-15); presented by Mr. G. V. @. Last, 78, Tithebarn Street, Liverpool. MINERAL AND GEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. The following are the acquisitions in this department :— Piece of Coal with vein of peculiar structure, from coal in Museum yard (F. 11. 3. 1904. 1). Piece and three small chips of Jasper, “from the silicified forest of Arizona, U.S.A.” (F. 2. 6. 1904. 1); collected and presented by the Rev. William Bramley-Moore, M.A., 26, Russell Square, London, W.C. ~ Collection of Minerals, including some gems and agates (F. 15. 7. 1904. 1, &e.); purchased. Small collection of Minerals (F. 15. 7. 1904. 2, &e.); presented by Mrs. Cookson, 280, Marsh Lane, Bootle. Tur Aquarium. The Aquarium continues, as heretofore, to be one of the chief attractions of the Museum. The extension, sanctioned last year, of the Aquarium into the saloon formerly containing the North American Ethnography, now ~ 58 MUSEUMS. approaching completion, will add largely to the attractions of the Museums, and is certain to give pleasure to Nature students. The new tanks are 11 in number, and of large dimensions. Four are to be devoted to marine, and seven to fresh-water inhabitants. Of the latter four will be at the normal temperature, while three will be capable (if so required) of being supplied with water of a warmth suitable for the reception of species from tropical latitudes. The efforts made to keep the tropical African Fishes in a healthy condition continue to be successful, and the great interest taken in them both by specialists and the ordinary visitor is marked. The Trout tanks continue to flourish, and a hatch of Rainbow ‘Trout was obtained by crossing with the specimens presented by Mr. Lyon Whittle, Town Clerk of Warrington, last year. As the fish from the various hatches increase in size, they become too large for the accommodation available and a number of specimens of Rainbow ‘Trout are presented each year either to the Parks and Gardens Com- mittee for distribution in the Park lakes, to the City Angling Association or to local pisciculturists. Captain Griffiths, of the Corporation Barge * Beta,” has continued throughout the year to bring living specimens of Marine Fishes for the tanks; and on the several occasions when the Assistant Curator has been out on the * Beta” trawling for marine specimens for the British collections, the opportunity has been taken of bringing in suitable specimens alive for the tanks. The following species have been exhibited alive during the year, those with an asterisk being alive at the date of this report (new labels, with coloured drawings of the species living in the tanks have been affixed above certain tanks) :— Fresh Water Hydre (Hydra viridis and H. fusca): Sea-Anemones, The Crass * (Tealia crassicornis); * Sagartia ornata ; Plumose Anemone (*Metridium dianthus); Beadlet (Actinia cquina): Ringed Deeplet (Boloceras eques); Various Starfishes: Horse Leech * (Hemopsis MUSEUMS. 59 vorax); Sea-Mouse (Aphrodite aculeata); Fresh-Water Polyzoa * (Plumatella repens, Lophopus crystallinus); Edible Crab* (Cancer pagurus); Common Shore Crab * (Carcinus monas); Hermit Crab (Eupagurus bernhardus) ; Spider Crabs (Stenorhynchus rostratus and Inachus dorsettensis) ; Slender Spider Crab (Stenorhynchus tenuirostris) ; Cleanser Swimming Crab (Portunus depurator); Shrimp * (Crangon vulgaris): Prawn (Pandalus annulicornis); * Palemonetes varians : Beetle (sp. indet.): Millipede (sp. indet.): Centipede (sp. indet.): Water Spider: Pecten (P. opercularis); ‘Cockle. (Cardium aculeatum) ; Water Snail (Limneus stagnalis); Cuttlefishes (Sepiola atlantica) and (Eledone cirrhosus); Pipe Fish (Sygnathus acus); Three-bearded Rockling (Motella tricirrhata); Angler Fish (Lophius piscatortus) ; Lesser Weever (T'rachinus vipera): Fresh Water Eel* (Anguilla vulgaris): Loch Leven Trout * (Salmo levenensis); Rainbow Trout * (Salmo irideus) ; Crucian Carp* (C. carassius): Common and Mirror Carp * (Cyprinus carpio); Rudd * (Leuciseus erythrophthalmus): Three spined Stickleback * (Gustrosteus aculeatus); Nine spined Stickle- back * (Gastrosteus pungitius); Minnow*; Bream*; Butter Fish (Centronotus gunellus); Dace* (Leuciscus leuciscus): Fresh Water Gudgeon * (Gobio fluviatilis); Tench * (Tinca vulgaris); Roach * (Leuciscus rutilus); Pike* (Hsox lucius); Perch* (Perca fluviatilis) ; Central American Fresh-water Fish (Heros jacetus); African Mud- fish * (Protopterus annectens); Walking Fish* (Periophthalmus koel- reuteri) ; Spotted Goby (Gobius minutus); Sole * (Solea vulgaris); Sand Lance (A mmodytes lanceolatus) ; Conger Kel (Conger vulgaris) ; Dragonet or Skulpin (Callionymus lyra); Spotted Dragonet (Callionymus macu- latus); Pogge (Agonus cataphractus); Gurnard (T'rigla gurnardus) ; Plaice * (Pleuronectes platessa and Pleuronectes microcephalus); various species of Skate * (Raia) ; Large Spotted Dog-Fish (Scyllium canicula) ; Common Frog* and Tadpoles (Rana temporaria); Natterjack Toad (Bujo calameta): Common Toad (Bujo vulgaris); Italian Toad * (Buyo vulgaris) ; Crested or Great Water Newt* (T'riton cristatus) ; Common or Smooth Newt* (Molge vulgaris); Gecko (sp. indet.); Chameleon (Chameleon basiliscus); Alligator Terrapin * (Chelydra serpentina); Terrapin: West African Tortoise * (sp. indet.); Sternothere* (Stern- otherus niger); West African Crocodile* (Osteolemus tetraspis) and Egyptian Crocodile (Crocodilus niloticus); Civet Cat (Viverra civetta). 60 MUSEUMS. Summary oF ACQUISITIONS. Zoological. Porifera ay ce 3 Species... a 4 Specimens. Coelenterata ... ee 8 al fe! ae 20 *n Echinodermata Ss 9 5 id ot 50 et Vermes ... oe = 4 = hei 25 + Arthropoda (Crustacea) 18 : + ve 60 9 Arthropoda (Tracheata) 20 Ht se: i 25 re Mollusea... a ae 71 rs i, Si MEU % Tunicata e. sm 5 % Be Me 5 * Fishes ... AL gee, 3 a? . 53 “ Amphibians... A 4 - -é me 4 7 Reptiles ... rae sider oO bs oe a 20 ch Birds. ~.:. Pe eet) ee ae ary. Loe am Mammals eh se ae - Se a 27 as BY 693 Botanical. Plants... ht .... 250 Species... ... 579 Specimens. Geological and Mineralogical. Rocks and Minerals ... aA a ci ... 500 Specimens. Total additions to the Lord Derby Museum. Species a sh 567 Specimens... i: 1,772 B.—_MAYER MUSEUM. (a) GENERAL. The following is the arrangement of the galleries in this Museum : In the upper floor illustrations of the history, art and craft of the various families of the Mongolian Race; on the ground floor, together with the Main Hall and its balcony, those of the Caucasians, and in the basement those of the Melanian peoples. MUSEUMS. 61 In accordance with the scheme of re-arrangement all objects illustrating local history and archeology have been placed on exhibi- tion in the first two rooms of the Local Area Gallery of the Lord Derby Museum. The general effect of the addition of new ceiling lights in, and the re-painting of, the Main Hall and its balcony in lighter colours, during the past year, has been to vastly improve the diffusion of the light, and to render bright and attractive what was long a sombre and unattractive hall. The substitution of “ Nernst” for the old type of incandescent electric lamps has also very greatly improved the lighting in this section of the Museum during the winter. The Egyptian collections are now, as to the larger specimens, dis- played .in the wall cases chronologically in a continuous series, ranging in time from the Prehistoric Period to the Christian Era. Difficulty was found in suitably exhibiting the medium-sized Antiquities in the same cases; this has been overcome by the building of twelve shallow, elegant, pilaster cabinets, 7} feet in height, which now allow of the objects exhibited in them being seen to the fullest advantage, and in close proximity to the larger specimens of the same dynasty. It is hoped soon to add in the same way a series of shallow frames to receive the large number of textiles and flat objects still unexhibited. The arrangement of the Mongolian section on the first floor has been completed as far as cases permit. The majority of the specimens have been labelled. A most interesting collection of Chinese Porcelain of the 17th and 18th centuries, decorated after the Japanese manner, has been generously lent to the Museum by Mr. John Mellor, Junr. A donation also of especial interest is the very large earthenware water-vessel from the Ucayali, a tributary of the Upper Amazon River, presented by Mr. Alfred A. Booth, of Liverpool. The Melantan department continues to receive numerous acquisitions from all parts of Africa, many being of particular 62 MUSEUMS. interest ; as in previous years, the Mayer Museum is indebted to Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer in the service of Elder, Dempster and Co., who has been most assiduous in collecting. Through the kind offices of Mr. A. A. Whitehouse, Eastern Divisional Commissioner, S. Nigeria, the collection has been enriched by the addition of a large group of Fetish figures and carved wood head-ornaments worn in the dance, obtained during punitive expeditions in the Ijoh country, S. Nigeria. The majority of the specimens in this depart- ment have now been supplied with printed labels. On two occasions, by permission of the Committee, exhibits of Napoleonic miniatures, medals, &c., ivories, Saxon antiquities, &c., have been lent to the Lord Mayor to display at his ‘at homes,” and on the occasion of the King’s visit to lay the foundation stone of the Cathedral, for the inspection of Her Majesty the Queen. Many photographs have been taken of Ethnographical objects, pottery, and ivories, &e., to illustrate various publications and for study and comparison, as follows : Tahitian objects, for a forthcoming publication by Mr. H. Ling Roth. Ancient Egyptian Sepulchral Stele and Hieratic Papyrus, to Mr. Alan H. Gardner. Staffordshire Tyg, dated 1612; Slip-ware Bowl; Liverpool Delit- ware Bowls and Tiles; Turner ware Stone Jug, Sauce-boat, and Bulb-pot; Leeds ware perforated Basket; and a figure of “ Jupiter” by Dwight, illustrated in W. Burton’s “ English Earthenware and Stoneware.” A selection of Gothic Ivories were photographed by Mr. Raymond Koechlin, Secretary of the Societié des Amis du Louvre, Paris, for study. MUSEUMS. 63 (6) Loans anv Deposrts. Collection of Chinese Porcelain, decorated after the Japanese style, 17th and 18th centuries; deposited by Mr. John Mellor, Junr., June 24th, 1904. (1) A Treatise on Moral Philosophy, Italian, 13th century (4p); (2) History of the World, Sacred and Profane, Italian, 13th century (gin), and (3) Selections from the Fathers, SS. Augustine, Gregory, Anselm, &c., English, 14th century (7%), were lent to Mr. Sampson, June 29th, 1903. (ec) ExcHancEs. Lid of a Tureen with blue printed illustration of the “ House of Correction, near Kirkdale, Liverpool” (3. 5. 1904. 1), and print of same subject (3. 5. 1904. 2); received in exchange for a duplicate Liverpool-printed tile (9. 12. 80. 10). (zd) Acquisitions. (1.) GenERat. Cast of a Runic stone Monument (11. 3. 1904. 4) from the original found at Upton; presented by Mr. F. S. C. Webster. A miscellaneous collection of coins, medallions, medals, &c., in all conditions and materials, from early Roman times to recent date (6. 5. 1904. 1-385), five publications on coins (6. 5. 1904. 387-391), and a model of a hand in bronze (6. 5. 1904. 386); bequeathed by Mrs. Grosvenor Stopford, 73, Onslow Square, London. Four water-colour sketches of “ Shaw’s Brow,” by W. Herdman, Junr., 1860; View of Liverpool, about 1670, by W. Herdman; “ The Fall-wall Well,’ Lime Street, by W. Herdman, 1884, and the “ Herculaneum Potteries,” by E. Beattie; purchased. “ Bill of Mortality for the Town and Parish of Liverpool,” 1801- 1802 (5. 11. 1904. 1); presented by Mr. J. H. Shufflebotham. Examples of various railway chairs and rails; presented by Mx. Clement E. Stretton. 64 MUSEUMS. (2.) CERAMICS. Pottery pipe (10. 6. 1904. 51); presented by Mrs. Cookson. Cream-coloured mug (10. 6. 1904. 52), printed with “ An. Kast view of Liverpool Light-house and signals on Bidston Hull”; purchased. (3.) ETHNOGRAPHY. PRE-HISTORIC : — Flint arrow-head (1. 11. 04. 1), found at Morecambe, 1902; purchased. MELANIAN RACE. Africa.—West and South-west Africa :— List of specimens collected and presented by Mr. A. Ridyard, Chief Engineer in the service of Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Co. : — Earthenware vessels (4. 2. 1904. 8-11), earthenware bowls (4. 2. 1904. 12-13), carved gourd (4. 2. 1904. 14), carved gourd ladles (4. 2. 1904. 15-16), earthenware vessels of various forms (5. 5. 1904. 1-6), from Bissao; earthenware vessel with handle (4. 2. 1904. 4), from Bolamo; baskets of various sizes and designs (5. 5. 1904. 7-10) (15. 11. 1904. 1-5), from Port Lokko; earthenware vessel with handle (4. 2. 1904. 4), from Bolamo; gourd ladle (4. 2. 1904. 7) and hat (5. 5. 1904. 11) made of plaited and dyed grass, Mendi country, Shebro; various roots (4. 2. 1904. 50-60) (15. 11. 1904. 32), “ Bobo- shay,” “Egirra,” “Shaygirra,” “Finger,” “ Spice,” “Yarn,” “ Alum,” “ Coomback,” “ Bangba,” “ Bubi-water,”’ &c., from Sierra Leone. Liberia : — Pair of nut rattles worn in the dance (5. 5. 1904. 12), Grand Sisters; country-box made of deer skin (4. 2. 1904. 1), from Paraboo ; musical instrument (4. 2. 1904. 2), from Wabo, near Cape Palmas; native horn (4. 2. 1904. 5), from Yirra Robert, near Cape Palmas ; enema (4. 2. 1904. 21), Cape Palmas French Ivory Coast :— Harthenware fetish (?) figure seated on a stool and painted black (4. 2. 1904. 6), Kinjaboe, near Assinee. MUSEUMS. 65 South Nigeria : — Karthenware bowl (4. 2. 1904. 17), earthenware water-bottle (4. 2. 1904. 18), from Azumini, Ebo country; whip, used for flogging (4. 2. 1904. 19), from Aqueti, Ebo country; painted wooden mask (4. 2. 1904. 20), Qua country; earthenware water vessel (5. 5. 1904. 13) and two large earthenware vessels, varnished (5. 5. 1904. 14-15), Essene, Opobo; drum (9. 5. 1904. 16), Savogrika, Ejoli country ; native brush (5. 5. 1904. 17), Opobo; wooden mask in form of a goat’s head (5. 5. 1904. 18), wooden mask in form of a human head (5. 5. 1904. 19), from Qua Ebo; two hide fans (5. 5. 1904. 11-12), Sobo country; earthenware vessels of various forms and _ sizes (5. 5. 1904. 13-18), Koko Town, Benin; appliances for the manufac- ture of salt—Leaves of the Okay tree, ashes from the burnt leaves, brine, salt (5. 5. 1904. 19-24), from Koko Town, Benin; earthenware vessels, burnt and unburnt (5. 5. 1904. 25-26), Koko Town, Benin; bronze figure of a bird (15. 11. 1904. 18), Benin; two carved wooden paddles (15. 11. 1904. 19-20), Benin River; earthenware vessel with chevron design (15. 11. 1904. 21), Warri, Benin; drum (lo:olkk 1904. 7), from Warri; wooden comb (15. 11. 1904. 12), Young Town, Benin; earthenware jugs (15. 11. 1904. 13-15), Koko Town; fetish in form of a shark (15. 11. 1904. 13), Foreados; specimen of salt (15. 11. 1904. 17), from Ogbé, Ejoli, Warri. Gold Coast : — Native loom for weaving cloth, including frame, yarn, healds, reed, shuttle and cloth, native seat, heal protector and sledge with stones for holding the thread taut (15. 11. 1904. 6), Jellah Coffee, Kwitta; native loom complete (except frame) (15. 11. 1904. 8), bottle- stand and reel for winding cotton hanks, specimens of cotton thread, and spindle and whorl for winding “ cops ” (15. 11. 1904. 9-10), from Jellah Coffee. Dahomey :— Two hand clothes decorated with cowrie shells, used in the dance (15. 8. 1904. 1), two primitive adzes (15. 8. 1904. 2), from Whydah, Dahomey ; fetishes of various forms and material (15. 8. 1904. 3-10), from Grand Popo, Dahomey; earthenware bowls (15. 11. 1904. 22-24), Grand Popo. 66 MUSEUMS. Collected and presented by A. A. Whitehouse, Esq., Eastern Divisional Commissioner, 8. Nigeria, during punitive expeditions in the Ijoh country around Wilberforce Island, Akassa Branch, Niger River, 1903, per Mr. A. Ridyard :— Group of wooden painted male and female fetish figures, heads of various forms with wicker-work framing for attachment, ranging in size from 7 feet to 2 feet (4. 2. 1904. 25-49). The following specimens have been presented per Mr. A. Ridyard. Wooden drum (15. 8. 1904. 27), earthenware palm-wine tumbler (15. 8. 1904. 29) and King’s messenger sword (15. 8. 1904. 30), from Anamaboe, Gold Coast; presented by King Amanoo YV., of Anamaboe. Carved walking stick (15. 8. 1904. 28), from Kwahu, near Accra; carved wooden soup-ladle (15. 8. 1904. 31), from Pokusai, near Accra; presented by Dr. J. Edward Mettle. Knife and sheath (4. 2. 1904. 24), Shebro country; presented by Mr. E. T. Wilson, Sierra Leone. Painted wooden mask (5. 5. 1904. 20), from Qua Ebo, 8. Nigeria; presented by Mr. A. Mensah. Fan (5. 5. 1904. 21), from Ungwa country, 8. Nigeria; presented by Captain R. K. Pooley. Carved wooden head (5. 5. 1904. 22), Qua country, 8. Nigeria ; presented by Mr. T. J. Mayo. Three wooden painted male and female figures (5. 5. 1904. 28), Ibbibio country, 8. Nigeria; presented by Mr. R. Wilson. Earthenware water-bottle (5. 5. 1904. 29), from Bissao ; presented by Mr. James Brown, Sierra Leone. Bundoo Devil head of wood (5. 5. 1904. 30), Mendi country, Sierra Leone; presented by Mr. G. Phillipian, Sierra Leone. Trade mirror, bound in leather by the Yorubas (5. 5. 1904. 31); presented by Mr. W. H. Chapman. MUSEUMS. 67 Carved calabashes (4. 2. 1904. 22-23), Accra; two earthenware dishes (5. .5. 1904. 23-24), Accra; two drums (5. 5. 1904. 25-26), Accra; model canoe (5. 5. 1904. 27), Accra; copper money, in form of a St. Andrew’s cross (15. 8. 1904. 35), from Katanga; brass weights, used for weighing gold (15. 8. 1904. 36), Ashantee; collected and presented by Macdonald G. Bonso-Bruce. Basket (15. 8. 1904. 32), Port Lokko; presented by Mr. J. E. D. Green. . Earthenware bowl (15. 8. 1904. 33), from Sapeli, Benin; pre- sented by Mr. Sagos W. Aryee. Two bronze figures of birds (15. 8. 1904. 34), from Benin; pre- sented by Mr. H. Johnstone. Earthenware jug, with a head under the lip (15. 11. 1904. 11), from Darmar village, Accra; presented by King Cudjoe Ababio IV., of James Town, Accra. Miniature double-sword (15. 11. 1904. 28), from Accra; wooden drum (15. 11. 1904. 27), Adenkum, Accra; presented by Prince Tackie. Two carved wooden soup-ladles (15. 11. 1904. 25-26) from Accra; presented by Mr. Neils W. Lutterodt. Calabash (15. 11. 1904. 29), Jellah Coffee, Gold Coast; presented by Mr. John Koblavie. Two wooden figures (15. 11. 1904. 30), from Jellah Coffee, Gold Coast; presented by Mr. W. King. Drum (15. 11. 1904. 31) from Jellah Coffee; presented by Mr. _S. K. Heyman. Drum and beater (8. 8. 1904. 1), taken at the battle of Yola, Benne River; presented by Mr. James Pinnock. Haussa gown and hat (8. 8. 1904. 2-3), presented by Mr. James Pinnock. Musical instrument in form of a human figure (19. 10. 1904. 1), Varama tribe, French Congo; presented by Mr. F. Boydell. 68 MUSEUMS. Flint implements (30. 11. 1904. 1-12), Tumba, Congo River; purchased. South Africa : — Horn spoon (10. 6. 1904. 47), wooden spoon (10. 6. 1904. 48), ivory snufi-spoon (10. 6. 1904. 50), cane ornament (10. 6. 1904. 49); pre- sented by Mrs. Cookson. North Africa :— Fly-flap, made of a giraffe’s tail (10. 6. 1904. 37), cap, worn by the body-guard of the Mahdi (10. 6. 1904. 38), cap, worn by the body-guard of the Khalifa (10. 6. 1904. 39), from Omdurman, Soudan; two coins (10. 6. 1904. 40-41), found in the treasury at Omdurman; girdle-dress of shells, beads, leather, &c. (10. 6. 1904. 42), Upper Nile; egg-shell charm (10. 6. 1904. 43), Upper Nile; collected and presented by Arthur Earle, Esq., J.P. Melanesia :— New Guinea :— An extensive collection of Ethnographical objects, acquired by purchase (10. 6. 1904. 55-343), containing examples of canoe prows, from Panaietti, Wari, Rogea and Mewstone Islands; canoe baler, Panaietii; paddles, Milne Bay and South Cape; steering paddle, sago stirrers, Mewstone Island and Panaietti; nets, Porlock Bay; floats for nets, Wari and Milne Gulf; painted wooden ornaments from boats, netting needle, float, wild-pig net, painted wooden shields, Nuakata Island; neck- lace of human hair, Nuakata Island; necklaces of various forms and materials, from Lydia Island, The Trobriands, Clayton Inlet, Porlock Bay, Jabbering Bay and Discovery Bay; plume of cassowary feathers, Killerton Island; pans pipes, combs, head ornaments, three-pronged fork, combs from S. Cape, Lydia - Island and Panaietti; armlets, S. Cape, Clayton Inlet, Porlock Bay, Milne Gulf, Maiva; earrings, Louisiades; shell ornaments, arm- lets, human jaw-bone charms, amulet, Milne Gulf; “ musikaka ” ; lime gourds, Louisiades and South Cape; wooden betel-nut mortars ; cocoa-nut water-bottles, Lydia Island, Bentley Bay and Jabbering MUSEUMS. 69 Bay; girdle dresses of dyed grass, plaited grass caps, netted bags, spatulas, from Stacey Island, Rabe, Milne Gulf, Discovery Bay; daggers made of cassowary bone, Fly River; shell nose ornaments, Koiari; Jew’s harp; sago stirrers from Discovery Bay, South Cape, Waga Waga and Nuakata Island; pipes, mats, clubs with circular stone heads, wooden food bowls, charm (Kotsiva), pillow, basket and lid, Lydia Island; wooden pillows (very rude), Lydia Island; ceremonial adze, D’Entrecasteaux Island; adzes with stone heads, Port Moresby; large number of spears of various forms and sizes, from Panaietti, Nuakata Island and Trobriands; bow and arrows. Solomon Islands :— Thirteen arrows (10. 6. 1904. 343) and rudely-carved wooden head (10. 6. 1904. 362), sheet of tapa cloth (10. 6. 1904. 369); purchased. Santa Cruz :— Bow and arrows (10. 6. 1904. 344-345); purchased. Australia :— Throw-stick (10. 6. 1904. 370); purchased. New Ireland :—- Grotesque wooden painted mask (10. 6. 1904. 366), thwart of a canoe (10. 6. 1904. 367), painted wooden ornament in form of a bird (10. 6. 1904. 368); purchased. Bag (2. 12. 1904. 5); presented by Mr. R. D. Radcliffe. Timor Laut :— Bow (10. 6. 1904. 346), ten-pronged fish-spear (10. 6. 1904. 347), leaf-shaped metal-headed arrows (10. 6. 1904. 348), arrow, iron- headed (10. 6. 1904. 349), bone-tipped arrow (10. 6. 1904. 350), arrows with serrated heads (10. 6. 1904. 351), spoons made from nautilus shell (10. 6. 1904. 356) wooden comb inlaid with ivory (10. 6. 1904. 352), “soelveli’’ for holding cotton when making thread (10. 6. 1904. 353), suspender (10. 6. 1904. 354), “ eboer,” worn by women (10. 6. 1904. 355), nautilus shell spoon (10. 6. 1904, 70 MUSEUMS. 357), and a nautilus shell from which spoons are made (10. 6. 1904. 358), all from Ritabel Village, Timor Laut; purchased. Cane divining “ pots” (10. 6. 1904. 360-361), Ceram; wooden head squeezer (10. 6. 1904. 359); purchased. Polynesia.— Bone fish-hook (10. 6. 1904. 363), Tahiti; pearl-shell fish-hook (10. 6. 1904. 364); purchased. MONGOLIAN RACE :— America.— South :— Large earthenware water-vessel, height 2 feet 7} inches, width 3 feet 44 inches (13. 10. 1904), with painted design, from the Ucayali, a tributary of the River Amazon; presented by Mr. Alfred A. Booth, Liverpool. North :— Pair of mocassins (10. 6. 1904. 45), Blood Indians; bag for holding fire-making materials (10. 6. 1904. 46), Indians, N.W. Canada; presented by Miss EH. L. Brown. Pair of child’s mocassins (2. 12. 04. 2); presented by Mr. R. D. Radclifie, F.S.A. Mexico.— Four groups of figures, fruit and animal sellers (16. 11. 1904. 1-4) ; presented by Miss Pearson. Java.— Breast ornament of cowrie shells and dyed hair (10. 6. 1904. 44); presented by Mrs. Maskell. Thibet.— Necklace composed of segments of human bone, taken from the cranium, of deceased priest (13. 8. 1904. 1); top of a human skull from which beads are cut (13. 8. 1904. 2); presented by Mr. James Pinnock. MUSEUMS. 71 China.— Pack of playing cards (2. 12. 1904. 4); presented by Mr. R. D. Radelitte. CAUCASIAN RACE :— Egypt.— Wooden head from a coftin (10. 6. 1904. 1), and group of earthen- ware vessels (10. 6. 1904. 2-36), from Beni-Hasan; presented by the Committee of the Beni-Hasan Expedition, 1903-4. Part of the foot of a Colossus of Rameses II., xixth dynasty (13. 10. 1904. 2), slab with figures of three of the royal children per- - forming in the sed festival, xixth dynasty (13. 10. 1904. 3), slab mentioning the sed festival, xixth dynasty (13. 10. 1904. 4), steatite knife-handles, Roman period (13. 10. 1904. 5-6), fragment of a glazed bowl (13. 10. 1904. 7) and glass bottle, Roman (13. 10. 1904. 8), from the excavations at Ehnasya; fused mosaic (13. 10. 1904. 9) and fragments of glass (13. 10. 1904. 10), from excavations at Oxyrhynchus; pottery vase (13. 10. 1904. 11), votive offerings, heads and figures of the goddess Hathor (13. 10. 1904. 12-17), inscribed plaque (13. 10. 1904. 18), incense burner (13. 10. 1904. 19), fragment of a vase (13. 10. 1904. 20), piece of a plaque with royal cartouche (13. 10. 1904. 21), part of a blue-glazed tile (13. 10. 1904. 22), base for pottery vases (13. 10. 1904. 23), votive offerings (18. 10. 1904. 24-28, 35), scarab, scaraboids and sacred eye (15. 10. 1904. 29-31), head of Hathor (13. 10. 1904. 32), wooden mallet (13. 10. 1904. 33), piece of rope (13. 10. 1904. 34), piece of limestone with sketch of a giraffe on it (13. 10. 1904. 35), fragment of lime- stone with inscription (13. 10. 1904. 37), part of a ring-base for vases (13. 10. 1904. 38), base of a blue-glazed vase (13. 10. 1904. 40), vases from a ring-base (13. 10. 1904. 39), all of the xviiith dynasty, and found in excavations at Deir-el-bahari; presented by the Com- mittee of the Egypt Exploration Fund. Breccia bowl (2. 12. 1904. 6), pre-dynastic; cylindrical vase of alabaster (2. 12. 1904. 7), 14st dynasty; dish, of veined alabaster (2. 12. 1904. 8), ist dynasty; purchased. 72 MUSEUMS. India.— Basket (2. 12. 1904. 3); presented by Mr. R. D. Radelifte. Cloth cap (2. 12. 1904. 1), Funchal, Madeira; presented by Mr. R. D. Radcliffe. SuMMARY OF ACQUISITIONS. Ethnography and Photographs «=. «=. +. +=. 605 Ceramics --- rip i) _ oe ae ar oe oF 9 Coins and Medals ... Jee t¢ as ee st 20) SSS 992 HENRY O. FORBES, Drrector oF MuseEvMs. WALKER ART GALLERY. The Curator has the honour to report that during the year 1904 the Department under the direction of the Art and Exhibitions Sub- Committee of the City Council has carried on its work on the accustomed lines, with gratifying success; as is shown by the statistics which follow. The most noteworthy exceptional event was the Northern Photographic Exhibition, organised by the Liver- pool Amateur Photographic Association, acting in concert with the Leeds Camera Club and the Manchester Photographic Association. The Exhibition is to be held annually in Liverpool, Leeds or Manchester, with the important object of making public triennially in each of these cities all the latest achievements in artistic and scientific photography. It is gratifying to record that the initial exhibition was most successful and a large surplus resulted, of which a moiety was retained by the Photographic Association as a reserve fund for the 1907 exhibition, while the balance was received by the Art Gallery as conditional rent. The Autumn Exhibition, which was open during 101 days and 75 evenings from the 10th September, 1904, to the 7th January, 1905, was generally allowed to be artistically satisfactory, and the public appreciation of it is indicated in the statistics as to attendances, viz. : — At One Shilling (101 days) ... se ... 26,364 At Sixpence (59 evenings)... A Pati V0 )55 At Threepence (16 evenings) ... big ... 10,445 54,764 Season ticket holders : — Gentlemen (5s.) ... ot a ay oF 382 Ladies (3s. 6d.) ... Us aay iis BAS 1,445 Students, &c. (2s. 6d.) ... ef Je. bee = 5 and, in addition, complimentary ticket holders numbered 400, making a total issue of season tickets of 3,360. 74 ART. GALLERY. The number of Works of Art shown, according to the catalogue, was 2,042, of which 223 were sold, the catalogue prices of which amounted to £7,056 10s. Od. In addition to the official catalogue, an illustrated edition was, as usual, published by Messrs. D. Marples and Co. The Committee had valuable assistance in the hanging of the Autumn Exhibition from Messrs. Alfred East, A.R.A., John Lavery, R.S.A., and Joseph Kirkpatrick (of the Liverpool Academy). Two season ticket holders’ soirées were held on 4th November and 9th December, both of which were attended by the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor and various other civic dignitaries. At the first, the portrait of the ex-Lord Mayor, Sir Robert A. Hampson, by Mr. R. E. Morrison, was presented to him, and a popular vote was taken as to the principal pictures in the Exhibition. The result of this vote was announced at the second soirée, the award for the successful paper being won by Miss Lily Fothergill, who selected a drawing, No. 764, by Miss Jennie Utley, as her prize. On this occasion a special programme of English music, rendered by the Cathedral Choir, was received with much appreciation. During the year, rooms have been utilized for the following Exhibitions, viz. : — Display of work submitted by Candidates for a special scholarship offered by the Education Committee. Exhibition of work by Scholars of various Industrial Schools, under the auspices of the Home Office Authorities. Exhibition of Photographic enlargements, appliances, «c., including a course of lectures, by the Kodak Company. Display of Pictures from Mr. J. Reid Walker’s Collection, which is at present deposited on loan in the Art Gallery. The Northern Photographic Exhibition, under the management of the Liverpool Amateur Photographic Association. Display of the Elevation Drawings of the Liverpool Cathedral. ART GALLERY. (03) For the purposes of the Autumn Exhibition, it was necessary to remove the Pictures of the Permanent Collection from five rooms, a fact which forcibly illustrates the urgent need for a considerable extension of the Gallery. The question of the proper conservation and exhibition of the “Roscoe ” Collection of works by Old Masters has received very special attention, and it is hoped that an agreement may be come to with the Royal Institution Trustees, the owners, which will enable the Art and Exhibitions Sub-Committee to treat the Collection as it deserves. The additions made to the Permanent Collection during 1904 include Works of exceptional interest and value, as will be seen by reference to the subjoined list. The time has now come when more than ordinary attention must be given to the material condition of Works of Art in the Permanent Collection, and it will probably be necessary to expend a consider- able sum in the repair and re-gilding of frames, the re-lining of canvases, and otherwise. If a satisfactory agreement is come to regarding the “ Roscoe” Collection, a further expenditure for the cleaning, restoration, and re-framing of a number of the Pictures will be called for. The interior of the Gallery requires repair and re-decoration, and steps are being taken for the thorough revision of the official catalogue. On the 30th April, Mr. Charles Dyall, who had been Curator of the Gallery since it was opened in 1877, retired. During his long tenure of office, the success of both the Art Gallery and the Autumn Exhibition were continuous. The Institution was the first of its kind under Municipal control, and the methods initiated by Mr. Dyall have been largely copied by similar institutions which have since come into existence. In November, the Chairman of the Art and Exhibitions Sub- Committee, Mr. Councillor John Lea, J.P., was elected Lord Mayor of the City, and, in consequence, resigned the Chairmanship with which his Municipal career has been so closely identified. His place is filled by Mr. Councillor Robert D. Holt, D.L. 76 ART GALLERY. VISITORS TO THE GALLERY. During the year the total number of persons who passed through the turnstiles was 404,419, viz. :— Days. | Persons. cae 264 Free Week Days “| 360,278 1,365 50 Fridays (6d. Admissions and Students) 29,111 582 34 Sundays ue: re sd * 15,030 442 18 Sundays and Holidays Closed —_— 366 404,419 1,162 The attendances of students during the year numbered 1965. After deducting from these figures the 50,163 visitors to the Autumn Exhibition (to 3lst December), the daily average on free week days was 1,175, from which, however, a further deduction is due in respect of the visits of the 3,360 Autumn Exhibition season ticket holders. The figures are not, however, ascertainable. Resuuts oF THE AutTuMN EixHrIpition or PicTuREs. 1903. 1904. No 8s. a\h! No: £384 Works of Art Exhibited.................. 1,785 — 2,042 = Do. Soldss 24 At: 215 a 223 — Amount of sales at Catalogue prices — 6,968 1 6 — 7,056 10 O Season Tickets sold .........0cssseerescoees 2,831 487 17 0 2,960 490 0 0 Admissions at One Shilling ............. 95.195 | 12259115 .0 26,364 | 1,318 4 O Pr Bixpaencd tsa. .s0-ssebse<0 19,318 482 19 O 17,955 448 17 6 es Threepence .............. 16,142 201 15 6 10,445 130 11 3 Catalogues. sold: :....05..-00c — “ The frightened Horse,” “ Pheton.” ‘** Labourers.” ** Lioness and Lion.” “ Jupiter and Mare.” “ Horses fighting.” “The Spanish Pointer.” “ Bulls fighting.” ‘“* Horse and Lioness.” * A Bion.” “A Tigress.” ‘** Phillis—a Pointer.” All bequeathed by the late Rev. 5. A. Thompson- Yates. Six Water colour Drawings, by Paul Sandby, R.A., bequeathed by the late W. A. Sandby, viz. :~- * Ttalian Composition.” “Conway Castle, North Wales.” ‘Carnarvon Castle.” ‘A view on the River Dee.” “Near Old Windsor.” “Old Farm buildings.” With reference to the painting ‘‘ The Widower,” by Luke Fildes, R.A. (a native of Liverpool) it is of interest to place upon record an extract from a letter written by the artist regarding it :— ‘“T am indeed pleased to hear my small picture of ‘The Widower’ has been acquired by a Public Gallery, and particu- larly so by Liverpool, where my pictures in the past have had much association, and where I have so often exhibited. “Perhaps next to ‘The Doctor,’ ‘The Widower’ is the picture I think my best, and though in Sydney it is with friends and admirers. Still I had a feeling that it was in a sense exiled from my artistic surroundings, and I conceived the idea of painting this smaller version, as the probability is the larger picture would never come to England again. ART GALLERY. $3 “Though in no obvious way is this version a departure from the larger one, yet it is a completely independent production from memory, assisted by the sketches I made in 1875. ‘I am also very pleased to find my work is appreciated so much in Liverpool, and when an opportunity occurs I hope you will let the Directors of the Gallery know my satisfaction.” It should also be recorded that the purchase of this work was only rendered possible by a gift of £150 from a Member of the Committee to make up the purchase money. EK. RIMBAULT DIBDIN, CURATOR. 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