ANNUAL REPORT „„«„,. ISTEROF LANDS AND FORESTS OF THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31,1970. DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS ONTARIO ANNUAL REPORT, )f THE MINISTER OF LANDS AND FORESTS OF THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1970. Hon. Rene Brunelle on a visit to Sublimnos, the under-water habitat established for use by scientists. The buoy in background marks its location In Georgian Bay near Tobermory. DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS TO HIS HONOUR, The Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of Ontario. MAY IT PLEASE YOUR HONOUR The undersigned begs respectfully to present to your Honour, the Annual Report of the Department of Lands and Forests for the fiscal year beginning April 1st, 1969, and ending March 31, 1970. /6-^tP^'^rU^oM.Jz-^ RENE BRUNELLE Minister CONTENTS Fish and Wildlife Branch Wildlife Section Fisheries Section 5 6 19 Parks Branch 34 Forest Protection Branch 43 Lands and Surveys Branch 55 Personnel Branch 59 Accounts Branch 62 Law Branch 72 Operations Branch 79 Research Branch 84 Timber Branch Timber Production Section Timber Sales Section 93 94 103 FOREWORD The Annual Report of the Minister is a review of the activi- ties of the Ontario Department of Lands and Forests during the latest fiscal year completed. For both the present term and preceding years, additional detail is reported in "Statis- tics, 1971" which is released concurrently. As this volume takes the form of a collection of annual reports by the Department's numerous subdivisions, it seems pertinent to note that these represent the consider- able variety of the Department's responsibilities and the raany duties discharged with the same over-all aim. This common aim is summarized in the Department's goal statement: To provide from Crown lands and waters, and to encourage on private lands and waters, a continuing combination of renewable resource production and outdoor recreation op- portunities most consistent with the social and economic well-being of the people of Ontario. Renewable resource production refers to the production of plants and animals for industrial or commercial purposes. General examples are timber, fur and the commercial catch of fish. Agricultural production is not included. Outdoor recreation opportunities refers to all recreational pursuits commonly associated with the natural environ- ment and commonly believed to contribute to the physical health and mental well-being of the people who enjoy them. In keeping with the Department's aim, the term is interpreted broadly to include cultural activities concerned with the understanding of natural history and the Ontario environment. The opportunities include sport, relaxation, observation and study. Combination refers to the multiple use of renewable, natural resources. The concept of multiple use, or inte- grated resource management, is basic. The demand for a wide variety of goods and services is increasing each year, but our land and water resources are limited. As the single- use concept becomes increasingly difficult, the Depart- ment's aim is to manage more and more areas for a num- ber of uses. Continuing refers to the concept of stewardship for future generations. It implies the custody and long-range manage- ment of renewable, natural resources for the benefit of Ontario's people in the future. It also implies the Depart- ment's deep interest in the principles of ecology and their application in the management of the natural environment. It is believed that the following pages should be con- sidered in relation to the Department's objectives which have developed from the effort to achieve the over-all goal. At the present time, the Department's specific objectives may be summarized as follows: RESOURCE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT — To provide from Crown lands and waters, and to encour- age on private lands and waters, the optimum, continu- ing contribution of renewable-resource production in- dustries to the economy of Ontario and its communities. OUTDOOR RECREATION — To provide opportunities for a wide variety of outdoor- recreation experiences for all the people of Ontario on a day-use basis. — To provide opportunities for a wide variety of outdoor- recreation experiences on an economically sound scale for the people of Ontario on an over-night or extended- use basis. — To provide continuing outdoor-recreation opportunities for tourism to benefit the economy of Ontario and its communities. MINISTER OF LANDS AND FORESTS Hon. RENE BRUNELLE ORGANIZATION EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT R. L. Kertson CHIEFS OF HEAD OFFICE BRANCHES DEPUTY MINISTER G. H. U. BAYLY ACCOUNTS FISH AND FOREST LANDS AND LAW WILDLIFE PROTECTION SURVEYS R. R. MacBean G. H. Ferguson Dr. C. H. D. Clarke W. T. Foster R. G. Code OPERATIONS PARKS PERSONNEL RESEARCH TIMBER G. A. Hamiilon P. Addison J. M. Taylor Dr. W. R. Hanson A. J. Herridge r fei ASSISTANT DEPUTY MINISTER R. D. K. Acheson NORTHWESTERN REGION NORTHEASTERN REGION REGIONAL DIRECTOR REGIONAL DIRECTOR PORT ARTHUR SUDBURY L. Ringham J. W. Lockwood SOUTHERN REGION REGIONAL DIRECTOR MAPLE J. W. Giles FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH Water and wildlife, symbolic of the natural environment of Ontario. Pfioto by D. W. Simkm. Fish and Wildlife Branch is divided into two sections and their subordinate units with duties and responsibilities as follows. WILDLIFE • Came Management: Maintenance and increase of game abundance through improvement of habitat, regulations, inventory of game numbers, measure of participation by hunters, establishment of public hunting areas; and de- velopment of agreement with landowners to provide im- proved game habitat and hunting opportunities. • Fur Management: Biologically sound management of fur- bearing animals; counselling of trappers to assist them in achieving the highest economic returns for their furs; regu- lations; stocking of animals in depleted areas; and licensing of fur farms. • Field Services: Enforcement of the hunting and fishing regulations; development of training programs for con- servation officers related to law enforcement; development of programs to secure the co-operation of the public in observing regulations; and conduct of hunter examinations. FISHERIES • Sport Fisheries and Ffatcheries: Planning, co-ordinating and stimulating programs to maintain, develop and expand the Province's sport fisheries through habitat improvement, regulations, inventory of fish populations, measurement of angler activity and angler harvests, development of provin- cial fishing areas, providing information, production of hatchery stock and assessment of its effectiveness, distribu- tion of fish, and stimulation of commercial hatchery and private fish pond development. • Commercial Fisheries: Planning and co-ordinating pro- grams based on sound biologic, social and economic bases for the optimum commercial utilization of the Province's fishery resources; issuing licences; collection of statistics (both biologic and economic) on commercial harvests of fish; regulation of harvest through seasons, quotas, gear restrictions and other means; and the development of pro- grams to assist and stimulate industry in catching, process- ing, handling and marketing of fish. • Fisheries Inventory: Inventory of the waters of the Prov- ince; organization and co-ordination of the field programs; and implementation of data processing systems to utilize inventory information for biologic, economic and other uses. • Indian Resource Development: Administration and co- ordination of resource program of fisheries, wildlife, for- estry, recreation, etc., under the Federal-Provincial Re- source Development Agreement; and development of pro- grams for Indian use of resources. WILDLIFE SECTION DEER HUNTING AND MANAGEMENT Iho deer management program in Ontario aims at provid- ing recreation opportunities through hunting and viewing deer. Obviously we would like to provide as many oppor- tunities as possible by maintaining and increasing deer numbers to the maximum levels which are consistent with other forest uses. Since the shortage of good winter range is the factor controlling deer numbers in Ontario, we direct our major efforts toward the management of that range, In improve the condition of existing winter deer range, and iillimately to produce more good winter range. Providing the opportunities for recreation will not ensure tlial people use them. Often, other factors such as the weather interfere. This was the case with deer hunting in 1<)f)9, As in 1968, very adverse weather continued to frus- trate the hrmters. Frequent rain, accompanied at times by fog, helped the deer, and only on the last day or two was there enough snow for tracking. It appeared that deer were still widely scattered over Iheir summer range. Hunters who had done poorly in re- cent years in northern Parry Sound and Pembroke Forest Districts fared a little better this year. Other hunters, who usually have good hunts near deer yards, this year did poorly. It may have been that the summer distribution of deer fooled a few hunters too. Many hunters saw reason- .ibly plentiful signs of deer but were unable to locate them. Throughout the deer range, percentages of fawns and year- lings were high. There was no indication of unusually heavy mortality. With good reproduction and light hunting, there is reason to hope for more deer next year. For a second year, a mailed deer hunter survey was con- ducted by the Central Licence Bureau. All results from the I omputer-addressed questionnaires have not been com- piled However, preliminary results show a slight decrease in over-all hunter success percent. In Pembroke District, hunter success declined slightly to VilVo from 14.5% in 1968. It was also down in Kemptville District. In Tweed District, it was just about the same, T^.OVo in 1969 compared with 15.8% in 1968. In Lindsay nisiricl, there was a slightly higher hunter success of 14.5% I o rn pa red with 13.4% in 1968. Parry Sound had a rather lower success, 20.7% in 1969 compared with 22.4% in 1968. Farther north, the story was much the same. About a third less deer were checked at Sault Ste. Marie than in 1968, On the Sudbury District mainland, more hunters were around, but the few deer resulted in even lower success than in 1968. At North Bay, the 8.1% success was about normal for recent years. There were fewer hunters and more signs of deer reported. The hunt on the Bruce Peninsula was about the same as in recent years, the 10.5% success being nearly identical with that of the last two years. On Manitoulin Island, hunters passing the Little Current checking station during the 1969 deer season were almost exactly as successful as those in 1968 (22.2% with deer in 1969, 22.8% in 1968). Similarly, the number of days re- quired for a hunter to kill a deer was 19.5 in 1969 compared with 18.7 in 1968. But there were fewer hunters and, there- fore, fewer deer taken. The number of hunters decreased to 3,417 in 1969 from 3,776 in 1968, and the number of deer taken declined to 757 in 1969 from 860 in 1968. In Dawson and Robinson Townships, hunter success was 24,8%, a little above the average for Manitoulin. These two townships provided 53.9% of the deer kill recorded for the entire island. DEER RANGE MANAGEMENT To improve the condition of existing deer range, it is neces- sary to provide enough high-quality food near available evergreen shelter to support present populations of deer through the critical winter season. The best deer range in- cludes brush and young hardwoods for food, interspersed with patches of older evergreen trees for shelter. This ar- rangement can be brought about by introducing logging operations near conifer stands already used for shelter by the deer, and leaving the evergreen trees standing. Thus, the Department encourages such operations in deer winter- ing areas. However, in many places there are not enough merchantable hardwood trees for such operations. In these places, the Department hires men to cut non-merchantable trees. Such cutting produces food by the sprouting of cop- pice growth from the stumps. During the past winter, snow conditions became severe about the 1st of February, and emergency relief measures replaced some routine cutting operations. This meant mak- ing trails with tractors and snowmobiles from sheltered areas, where deer had gathered, to places where food was abundant. The cutting of hardwoods, carried out to stimu- late the regrowth of more food for deer along main travel trails, was timed to supply immediate food from tree tops as well. Because of the emergency work, the annual cut under this program was reduced from about 3,000 acres during the past two years to about 2,000 acres in 1969. To produce additional winter range, it will be necessary to provide new areas with adequate evergreen shelter, since deer will not stay in an area during winter unless this shelter is available. Some new yards might be created by cutting for food near shelter which is not now being used, but it is mostly a matter of new shelter required. The quick- est way to get it is to find areas where small evergreen trees have been suppressed by larger hardwoods and cut some of the latter. Two release cuts of this kind were carried out during the year, one in Parrv Sound Forest District and one in Tweed Forest District. Where no such advanced growth is present, we must start with even smaller evergreens. A trial planting of 1,000 hemlock seedlings was initiated in Parry Sound District in 1969, and so far the results are encouraging. In Pembroke District a new effort at combining deer range management and timber production resulted in a planting of 100,000 white spruce seedlings. Some smaller plantings of white pine were tried in North Bay District. Although these species do not provide as good deer shelter as hemlock, they are used to some extent by deer and thus provide the opportunity for dual purpose programs. Woodland caribou, a sensitive ecological indicator, with a population estimated at 15,000 in the northern quarter of Ontario. As from prehistoric times, a small proportion are harvested annually for much needed food and fibre by Indians in remote settlements. Photo by D. W. Simkin. Net Area Winter Range Treated Affected 123 2,700 150 33,100 333 15,200 287 6,100 482 55,600 288 8,400 346 500 12 2,500 105 17,300 2,126 141,400 BROWSE PRODUCTION (acres), 1969-70 Forest District Sault Ste. Marie Sudbury North Bay Parry Sound Pembroke Lindsay Tweed Lake Simcoe Lake Huron TOTAL MOOSE HUNTING AND MANAGEMENT The purpose of moose management in Ontario is to provide recreational opportunities and economic benefits from this resource. Although many people enjoy looking at moose, especially during summer, our major benefits are derived from the recreation and monetary returns generated by the hunting season. The annual mailed survey of moose hunters was again conducted with the assistance of an electronic computer. If the questionnaires were not returned by the hunters, re- minder notices were automatically sent out, and the results of the sur\'ey are in process of being analysed. Moose hunting was alternately poor and good during October according to preliminary reports. More hunters were around than in 1968, and there Were plenty of moose available for the hunters, but unfortunately, the weather affected the hunt adversely. Where weather was favourable, hunters had good success, but where rain set in, fewer moose were taken. In many areas, the first week was very rainy, discouraging hunters from going afield and making hunting difficult. Then the weather cleared and hunters, flocking to take ad- vantage of the impro\ed weather, were well rewarded with moose. The rain came on again during the third week, and again relatively few moose were taken. Following freeze- up, some better hunting occurred during the remainder of the month. In Kenora and Sioux Lookout Forest Districts, hunting conditions were exceptionally bad during the first week due to four weeks of rain before the season. Water was very high and many back roads were impassable. Yet, by the end of the month, nearly 500 moose had been examined on the Red Lake Road, giving S/^/o success compared with 32% in 1968. An earlier comparison showed 385 moose removed from the Red Lake Road in 1969 during a period when only 343 were checked in 1968. Nearly a thousand moose were taken across the border at International Falls and another 700 at Pigeon River by non-resident hunters. This latter figure was below the num- ber exported in 1968 but above that of 1967. Apparently the poor weather discouraged many hunters who left early, for 80 fewer moose were exported during the third week of the season than in the same period of 1968. On the Black Sturgeon Road, hunters were up to 2,014 in 1969 from 1,936 in the previous year, and moose were down to 197 in 1969 from 237 in 1968. Unlike northwestern Ontario, water was relatively low in the northeast and weather was reasonably good during the first week. In Ceraldton District, the harvest of moose was up slightly, and the number of hunters up more. This was also true in Kapuskasing, Chapleau and White River Districts. At the Shabotik Road in the latter District, 59 moose were checked compared with 45 in 1968. Hunters were also more numerous, comprising 1,200 in 1969 as compared with 1,010 in 1968. This good hunting was also reported from Cochrane Dis- trict and the Englehart area of Swastika District. But in the remainder of Swastika District, southward toward North Bay and across to Sault Ste. Marie, unfavourable weather again interfered with the hunting. Many residents compensated for the slow start by re- turning to the hunt after snow on the ground became a helping factor. Conditions were good for power toboggans, and the late season success was better than usual. Although reliable facts concerning hunting and numbers of moose are of utmost importance in managing our moose herds, the long term welfare of the moose depends largely on the condition of their range, that is, the forest environ- ment in which they live. Food is of prime importance. Some years ago, plenty of food was provided by the forest regen- eration following outbreaks of spruce budworm and num- erous forest fires which destroyed the standing forest trees. But recently, there have been few budworm infestations, and numbers of forest fires are greatly reduced. The major forest disturbance producing moose food has become pulp cutting. What effects do forest practices have on the moose range? To find out, a new program was launched during the spring and summer in which crews of students were hired to set out plots and count plants in areas where various forest operations were being carried on. Plots were estab- lished in large jack pine clear-cut areas. The results of aerial herbicide applications were examined. The intensive treat- ment known as scarifying, which consists of knocking over brush and small trees with large machines and clearing patches down to mineral soil, to provide better seed bed for forest trees, was examined and plots were established in treated areas with comparable control plots in untreated areas. In addition, burned areas of varying ages were examined to find information on how long they continued to provide food for moose. This was merely the beginning of a long term program of fact finding concerning changes in the forest and their effects on moose. When adequate information is at hand, it will be possible to integrate moose range management into forest management plans and procedures, so that our forests of the future will not only grow good trees but sup- port optimum moose populations as well. BEAR HUNTING AND MANAGEMENT The goal of black bear management is to provide oppor- tunities for recreation and economic benefits to the people of Ontario from this resource. The continued success of our management program is indicated by the increasing sale of spring bear hunting licences. Sales of licences to residents have increased rapidly from 813 in 1966 to 1,359 in 1969. Sales of non-resident licences have increased even more rapidly from 3,960 in 1966 to 9,400 in 1969. Since most non-resident bear hunters spend $80 to $90 on their hunt, the exchange of money generated by spring bear hunting in Ontario is fast approaching the million dollar mark. In addition, many people hunt bears along with deer or moose in autumn. The report of 48 bears shot by organized deer hunters in Tweed District alone during 1969 is about average for the past ten years. The export of bears from northwestern Ontario has been increasing from 124 in 1966 to 248 in 1969. It is evident that bears are increasingly im- portant as a supplement to deer and moose hunting. Meanwhile the nuisance bear problem continues to fluc- tuate. After a very high number of nuisance bears were shot during the summer of 1968, there was a sharp drop in most districts during 1969 with only a few districts reporting bears still numerous. 8 This problem may relate to the abundance of wild ber- ries. Bears, looking for food, may range much farther when berries are scarce and thus come in more frequent contact with humans. Steps are being taken to reduce the numbers of nuisance bears shot by broadening our program of trap- ping, drugging, removing and releasing these bears. Very few bears return to continue making trouble. Thus, the waste of our resource is reduced in a humane way. A few bears are killed on the highways each year. One in Kapuskasing District caused $600 damage, although most motor accidents involving bears result in no more than about $100 damage. Since fewer animals are involved as well, highway accidents are not nearly the problem with bears that they are with deer and moose. UPLAND GAME MANAGEMENT Upland game management objectives include regulations designed for maximum use of resident small game species, several of which are usually under-harvested; encourage- ment of management practices which increase the pro- duction of small game; and to provide accurate predictions relative to the annual availability of small game. Upland game hunting continued to be a popular pastime in Ontario. For the 1968-9 hunting season, 360,192 resident small game and summer hunting licences and 12,900 non- resident small game licences were sold. RUFFED GROUSE For the second year in a row, grouse populations across Ontario were at low levels, and it was obvious that grouse were at or near the bottom of their nine-year cycle. Lower hunter success was reflected in bag check infor- mation; the average number of grouse shot per 100 hours by woodland hunting across the Province for the years 1966 through 1969 was 47, 46, 32, and 26, respectively. Similarly the average number of birds shot per hundred miles by those hunting along bush roads was 6.5, 9.4, 4.9, and 2.1, for the same period. Grouse were at a low ebb in their nine- year cycle in 1969. One thing is certain however. The cycle will continue, and it is extremely likely that improved grouse hunting will be experienced In 1970 in most areas. SHARPTAILED GROUSE After two consecutive years of migration from the low- lands of James and Hudson Bays to more heavily populated areas, populations of northern sharptailed grouse "stayed- put", and no extended seasons were established. Prairie sharptailed grouse were available in good num- bers in northwestern Ontario. Fort Frances Forest District personnel live-trapped and transferred 31 prairie sharp- tailed grouse which were released in Grenville County. This was the second introduction of these large game birds into southern Ontario in recent years. There is evidence that the first introduction in the Lindsay Forest District is gradually becoming established. RING-NECKED PHEASANTS Populations of ring-necked pheasants continued to improve across the main breeding range in counties north of Lake Erie, but land use practices continued to remove habitat essential as winter and nesting cover, and the long-term outlook for pheasants is not bright. Sportsmen's clubs and regulated townships continued to stock birds provided by the Department. Those which raised birds to adult size before release provided the best return to the hunter. The Department produced 40,050 chicks, 15,450 poults and 6,732 adults. The latter were used on public hunting areas. In addition, 2,210 spent breeders were released in late spring across the southern counties. The adult bird stocking program showed its worth in Lake Huron Forest District, which over the whole season showed a hunter success ratio of four hours per bird taken. This compares to 4.4 hours and 5.6 hours per bird in the pre- vious two years. Release of younger pheasant stock is much less successful in putting birds in the hunter's bag. Natural reproduction was lower in Lake Simcoe District. Success of pheasant hunters there fell 27 per cent from the previous year to 0.5 birds per gun-day. HUNGARIAN PARTRIDGE The best Hungarian partridge hunting continued to be pro- vided by the eastern counties of the Province. Huns were not as abundant as in 1968, however, and birds bagged per hunter-day fell to 1.4 from 2.9 the year before. Causes of periodic declines in Hungarian partridge populations are not known; it is possible that this bird undergoes cyclic fluctuations of scarcity and abundance in Canada much like the ruffed grouse or varying hare. Kemptville District staff live-trapped partridge from un- hunted areas, and a release of 45 was made in Sombra Township, Lambton County, on March 11, 1969. It is hoped to establish huntable populations of "Huns" in every suit- able area of southern Ontario. SQUIRRELS Grey squirrels continued to supply good recreation in southern Ontario for the relatively few hunters who pursue them. breeding ground surveys of singing males were made for the second consecutive year on 72 randomly selected routes across southern Ontario. The average number of woodcock per route increased from 6.7 to 7.5 over the previous year. Federal surveys of migratory bird hunters estimated that 76,232 woodcock were taken in Ontario during the 1969-70 season, compared to 55,952 the year before. The average bag per successful hunter was 6.1 woodcock. WATERFOWL MANAGEMENT Ciant Canada geese are being raised at many locations to build the future breeding stock of wild goose populations in southern Ontario. Above: these families are located in the goose management unit at Holiday Provincial Park. Photo by D. W. Simkin. About 40 fox squirrels, until now resident in Ontario only on Pelee Island, were obtained from Michigan and released near the border of Lambton and Kent Counties. These squir- rels, larger than the grey, use more open-brown timber habi- tat and should prove an interesting and sporty game species if they become established. They compete but little with the grey squirrel, and they have little tendency to interfere with agriculture, which makes them most desirable immigrants. RABBITS AND HARES The European hare (or jack), the cottontail rabbit, and the snowshoe (or varying) hare produce much recreation, par- ticularly in heavily hunted southern Ontario. The varying hare, a cyclical species, continued to increase over much of the Province. Only in certain areas, and in east- ern Ontario in particular, is this species sought by hunters. Cottontails, European hare and varying hare were slightly less available than in 1968. Lake Simcoe Forest District checked 426 "rabbit" hunters who had taken 0.4 pieces of game per hunter. It took an average time of 8.6 hours to take one of these three species. This compares with 0.53 units of game and 6.2 hours per rabbit bagged in 1968. Census work on rabbits and hares in Lake Huron Forest District also indi- cated that cottontails and jacks were slightly less abundant than the previous year. WOODCOCK The popularity of this migratory game bird is increasing each year. Because of its growing importance as a game species. Waterfowl management objectives in Ontario include the maintenance of populations at or near levels which occurred in the 1955-8 period, and the provision of sustained quality recreation for hunters and non-hunters alike. The season was an extremely good one for those hunting waterfowl in Ontario. Over the season, 123,891 residents and 9,081 non-residents purchased migratory bird hunting permits. Estimated total harvests of ducks in Ontario was 928,112, an increase of about 20 per cent over 1968. The harvest was not quite as large as in 1967 when slightly over a million ducks were taken in the Province. Mallards, black ducks, wood ducks, blue-winged teal, green-winged teal and ring-necked ducks, in that order, were the main species taken. Opening day hunting success for 1969 was above average, and all Forest Districts in southern Ontario reported average bags of over one duck per hunter. Some of the better areas were Swastika Forest District at 1.8 ducks per hunter, south- ern Lindsay District at 1.7 birds per hunter, and Tweed Forest District at 1.5 birds per hunter. The year 1969 will be remembered as the "goose year" in southern Ontario. Both Canada geese and snow geese stop- ped over in most unusual numbers, across much of southern Ontario, on their journey south. The stopover of snows was most unusual since in most years they migrate practically non-stop from James Bay to their wintering grounds in east- ern Louisianna. Although no statistics are available, there is little question that southern goose hunters harvested more geese than usual. Blue and snow geese were in very much better supply on the James and Hudson Bay coasts. Statistics from the Moose River check station and commercial camps on James Bay indicated that the 1969 blue and snow goose kill, at 19,312 birds, was the highest in five years. In addition 659 Canada geese and 4,691 ducks were taken on James Bay. 10 Pre-season waterfowl banding continued to be an impor- tant management activity in following trends and popula- tions where, unlike western Canada, aerial and ground surveys cannot provide good information on such important forest nesting species as the black duck and wood duck. Over 12,000 ducks and geese were banded by the Depart- ment in association with private co-operators at over 35 banding stations across the Province in 1969. This was an increase of over 2,000 over the previous year. GIANT CANADA GOOSE PROGRAM For the second consecutive year, giant Canada geese were propagated and held at several game management areas in southern Ontario. The Counties of Wellington-Waterloo, the three southern townships of Grey County, East Luther of Duffe.'in County and South Dumfries of Brant Countv were closed to goose hunting. Releases of pairs of giant Canada geese are planned for this area, and ten pairs were released in 1969. VerN' much larger releases are planned for future years. This program to establish the giant Canada goose, a southern breeding race, was begun in 1968 in association with the Ontario Waterfowl Research Foundation at Cuelph. If geese become established in the pilot study area, it is ex- pected that releases of breeding stock will be extended to other southern areas of the Province. WILDLIFE EXTENSION PROGRAM A Wildlife Extension Program was initiated in 1959. A pro- vincial co-ordinator is now on staff, and extension biologists have been located in the Lake Erie, Lake Huron and Lake Simcoe Forest Districts. The extension program is designed to do three things. Primarily, it will provide access to private land for public hunting recreation; and further, it will encourage wildlife management practices on privately owned rural land and strengthen public appreciation of wildlife resources. The program is tailored to southern Ontario where the need is most acute for day-use hunting recreational oppor- tunity. Because southern Ontario is for the most part composed of privately owned properties, posting against hunting and restrictive township by-laws have made it con- tinually difficult for the urban hunter to find a place to hunt. Through the Wildlife Extension Program, law enforcement and game management assistance will be offered to land- owners as an incentive to allow public hunting on their properties. Ancaster Township was selected as a pilot project area for the Wildlife Extension Agreement Area approach. Sixty-one landowners signed an agreement with the Minister to allow public hunting on their properties. A deputy conservation officer patrolled Ancaster Township during peak activity periods of the small game hunting season. Safety zones were posted around farm headquarters to restrict hunting access in areas where landowner-sportsmen conflicts often arise. In addition, a zenith phone line was established which al- lowed Ancaster co-operators to phone the Hespeler office if a problem arose. This approach to alleviating landowner-sportsmen con- flicts was evaluated shortly after the 1969-70 hunting season. Survey results indicated overwhelming approval of the pro- gram, on the part of participating landowners. A new Department publication, entitled Wildlife Land Management for Ontario Landowners, has been released and made available to pri\'ate rural landowners interested in im- proving their properties for wildlife. This 24-page booklet covers the major small game species found in southern On- tario wildlife habitat and suggests which management prac- tices landowners can employ readily to encourage wildlife. PROVINCIAL HUNTING AREAS In the Provincial Hunting Area program, our primary goal is to provide a place to hunt in areas where hunting oppor- tunities have become most restricted and the need for pub- lic hunting land is most urgent. Other goals are as follows: to manage these lands to full capacity; to produce a variety of wildlife species; to produce a high quality hunting experience; to create a public awareness of the value of wildlife in modern society; and to encourage alternate uses which do not interfere with the above-mentioned goals such as wildlife photog- raphy, dog field trials, and nature study. PHEASANT HUNTING AREAS Pheasants were released in good cover in numbers accord- ing to demand on four hunting units in Provincial Parks as well as the Gananoque Provincial Hunting Area this year. In 1969, 4,592 man-days of pheasant hunting were enjoyed in the field. This program has provided hunting in areas where normally this recreational pastime would not occur because four of the five units are outside the native pheasant range. In Presqu'ile Provincial Park, pheasant hunting has been discontinued. 11 LANDS ACQUIRED FOR WILDLIFE PURPOSES, 1962-70 Area County Luther Marsh *Dufferin Isaac Lake *Bruce Angle Ditch Marsh *Bruce lohnston Harbour Bruce Dept. Highways- transfer various Holland Marsh *Simcoe Tiny Marsh *Simcoe Nonquon River ^Ontario Wye Marsh *Simcoe Dalton Victoria Brighton Northumberland Murray Marsh *Northumberland Cananoque Leeds Winchester Bog *Dunda5 Charlottenburg Stormont Millbrook Durham Long Point *Norfolk Dalhousie Tract Lanark Lavant Township Lanark Watt Township *Muskoka MacCauley Township . . Muskoka Spence Township Parry Sound TOTAL Acres Acres 1%2-70 1969-70 969 50 295 295 200 4,404 200 1,062 1 ,298 923 2,246 2,138 2,417 1,528 100 1 679 56 1 1,598 1,046 3,600 258 188 90 935 935 5,200 5,200 145 145 1,220 800 800 30,888 10,132 ♦Wetland Projects Of the 5,661 pheasants released at four provincial parks and the Cananoque Provincial Hunting Area, a limited num- ber of pheasants were stocked in good cover at Tiny Marsh in Simcoe County and the Brighton Provincial Hunting Area in Northumberland County to provide opportunities to hunt pheasants outside the natural range of this game bird. PROVINCIAL WATERFOWL HUNTING AREAS Five waterfowl management units within Provincial Parks were in operation again this year to provide the public with reasonable quality hunting opportunities for ducks and geese. PROVINCIAL WATERFOWL HUNTING AREAS, 1969 Daily Permits Seasonal Permits Name of Area Acres Sold (Zone A) Sold (Zone B) Long Point 1750 1369 220 Rondeau 9200 803 323 Darlington 380 214 Presqu'ile 2170 - 505 Holiday Beach ..262 - 831 Tiny Marsh 2300 508** (Opening Day Only) Name of Area No. of seasonal No, of Waterfowl Average Bag Hunters Checked Harvested Per Hunter Long Point 220 (a) 1288 (b) 372 Rondeau (a) 1450 105 (b) 223 Darlington 226 300 Presqu'ile — — Holiday Beach .... 3429 1347 Tiny Marsh - 580 (Opening Day Only) *Bird/hunter low because sportsmen are concentrating on harvesting Canada geese **No daily or seasonal permit required. 0.9 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.33 0.3* 1.1 PROVINCIAL PHEASANT HUNTING AREAS, 1969 Sibbald Darlington Point Hunting Area (acres) 380 450 Hunters 880 980 Pheasants Released 1375 1471 Pheasants Released/Hunter 1.6 1.5 Pheasants Harvested 1212 1319 Pheasants Harvested/Hunter 1.4 1.3 'Bird/ hunter low because ol the experimental, limited release of pheasants at Point Farms Provincial Park Earl Point Rowe Farms Cananoque 425 600 1041 690 553 1671 1092 263 1460 1.6 0.5 0.9 990 240 1046 1.4 *0.4 0.6 12 Only one minor change in the hunting regulations was in effect this year. At the Long Point Waterfowl Management Unit, shooting hours were from one-half hour before sun- rise to noon. The reason for the shorter shooting hours was to give waterfowl an extra half day without disturbance on the marsh to improve the hunt for the next morning. Past records had also shown that most ducks were bagged before noon. These are experimental shooting hours, only, and they are subject to change in future years. WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT UNITS UNDER DEVELOPMENT Of the many land acquisition projects underway in Ontario for various purposes, 12 parcels of land, totaling 16,385 acres, are being actively developed to meet wildlife needs of adequate food and cover. A brief description follows: Aylmer Provincial Hunting Area, 555 acres, Malahide Town- ship, Elgin County. Purpose: To demonstrate that the grow- ing of farm crops and a wildlife crop are compatible and that with suitable management this kind of multiple use is possible. Development, 1965 and 1968: brush piles for cot- tontail rabbits constructed; and planting of 650 wildlife shrubs and 25,000 evergreen trees as a three-row windbreak on the perimeter of the property. 1969: 10,000 evergreen trees planted for wildlife food and cover. Fingal Provincial Hunting Area, 780 acres, Southwold Town- ship, Elgin County. Purpose: To demonstrate that the grow- ing of farm crops and a wildlife crop are compatible and that with suitable management this kind of multiple use is pos- sible. Development, 1969: 9,000 linear feet of runway was broken up and piled; 30,000 trees and wildlife shrubs were planted; and a dam to impound six acres of water was constructed. Puslinch Tract, 500 acres, Puslinch Township, Waterloo County. Purpose: This area is being developed and main- tained as a small game and waterfowl management demon- stration area with specific purpose of establishing habitat suitable for cottontail rabbits and ruffed grouse. Develop- ment, 1969: 980 wildlife shrubs were planted and several thousand evergreen trees were planted; existing ponds for waterfowl were deepened; and fencing was carried out. Luther Marsh, about 10,000 acres, Luther Township, Dufferin and Wellington Counties. Purpose: Most of the 969 acres in provincial ownership are located within the Crown game preserve at the north end of the marsh. No hunting is allow- ed in this area. The upland fields are being farmed to pro- vide food crops for waterfowl. Development, 1969: goose ponds and enclosure were constructed; duck breeding ponds were made using explosives; 1,650 wildlife shrubs were planted; and shoreline was cleared to provide better waterfowl nesting cover. Willow Creek Provincial Hunting Area, 4,404 acres, St. Edmunds Township, Bruce County. Purpose: This area is be- ing developed to provide hunting for small game and deer and also public fishing. Development, 1969: deer yard improvement and stream improvement. Tiny Marsh Provincial Hunting Area, 2,246 acres. Tiny Town- ship, Simcoe County. Purpose: To provide public hunting for waterfowl in the marsh as well as hunting opportunities for small game on the uplands. In addition, opportunities to view and photograph wildlife are available. Develop- ment, 1969: one-half-mile access road constructed; 60 waterfowl nesting islands made. Wye Marsh Provincial Hunting Area, 2,417 acres, Tay Town- ship, Simcoe County. Purpose: Similar to that described for Tiny Marsh. Development, 1969: maintenance building and office, fencing, half-mile access road, goose pond, two ob- servation towers and one comfort station. Nonquon River Provincial Hunting Area, 2,138 acres. Reach Township, Ontario County. Purpose: To provide public hunting for waterfowl and upland game as well as oppor- tunities to view wildlife in its natural environment. Develop- ment, 1969: One parking lot and boat launching ramp. Holland Marsh Provincial Hunting Area, 1,298 acres. West Cwillimbury Township, Simcoe County. Purpose: as above. Development, 1969: One parking lot, ponds for waterfowl and one comfort station. Brighton Provincial Hunting Area, 679 acres, Brighton Town- ship, Northumberland County. Purpose: To provide public hunting for waterfowl and upland game as well as oppor- tunities to view wildlife in its natural environment. Develop- ment, 1969: access road development, ponds for waterfowl, and one comfort station. Winchester Bog Provincial Hunting Area, 3,600 acres. Moun- tain Township, Dundas County. Purpose: as above. Develop- ment, 1969: fencing, planting of wildlife shrubs, ponds for waterfowl, and access road. Gananoque Provincial Hunting Area, 1969. No. of hunters: 1,671. No. of pheasants released: 1,460. Game harvested: 1,064 pheasants, 15 ruffed grouse, 21 ducks, 23 woodcock, 164 cottontail rabbits, 2 varying hare, 4 European hare, and 5 Wilson snips — a total of 1,298. Units of game per hunter: 0.8. 13 UNITED STATES MAP OF SOUTHERN ONTARIO BY COUNTIES WildlUe Management Units Under Development 7. Fingal Airport, Elgin County. 7. 2. Aylmer Airport, Elgin County. 8. 3. Puslinch Tract, Waterloo County. 9. 4. Luther Marsh, Dufferin County. 10. 5. Johnston Harbour, Bruce County. 11. 6. Tiny Marsh, Simcoe County. 12. Wye Marsh, Simcoe County. Holland Marsh, Simcoe County. Nangnon River, Ontario County. Brighton, Northumberland County. Cananoque, Leeds County. Winchester Bog, Dundas County. 14 FUR MANAGEMENT The harvest of wild furs throughout Ontario during 1969-70 was comparable to that of the previous season although a decline in prices on most species was experienced. The average price for beaver, based on figures obtained from the sale of 89,000 pelts at the Ontario Trappers' Association Fur Sales Service at North Bay, was down approximately 25 per cent from $20.16 in 1968-9 to $15.06 in 1969-70. The average price paid for mink declined from $11.95 in 1968-9 to $6.78 in 1969-70. However, the mink harvest increased over the previous year, an indication that this species is re- covering from low population levels of the mid-Sixties. Trapping activities were limited to some degree in many areas of the Province due to poor travelling conditions re- sulting from deep snow and slush on lakes and rivers. The Department continues to census beaver populations and direct trappers to those areas where densities are at levels which will provide an equitable return to them. No major disease outbreaks occurred in wild furbearers during the year. Beaver continue to cause some problems in rural and cot- tage areas throughout the Province. Trappers are encour- aged to harvest nuisance animals early in the season to alle- viate flooding conditions and prevent property damage in these areas. Fur royalties paid on 810,713 pelts, exported from and processed in Ontario up to June 30, 1970, amounted to $251,595. The estimated value of this fur was $3,631,983, a decline of $529,558 from the previous year. The price de- cline experienced in 1969-70 is attributed to the tight money conditions and high Interest rates experienced in Europe during the past season. PREDATOR MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL The function of the predator control unit is to assess the de- gree of depredation caused by wildlife predators. It also Implements or provides assistance in control programs where it has been determined that their presence is detri- mental to the domestic livestock industry or to maintaining desirable population levels of other wildlife species. Department staff investigated 69 instances of predation on domestic and wildlife prey species. A total of 53 control programs were esiablished. Farmers, who experienced losses of domestic stock to wildlife predators, were assisted by Department Officers in establishing control programs. As a result of these programs, 38 timber wolves, 32 coyotes, 19 bear and 11 dogs were removed from the problem areas. Predator control training courses were conducted in the Forest Districts of Sudbury, Sault Ste. Marie, Lindsay, Lake Simcoe and Lake Huron. Twenty-nine Department employ- ees received on-the-job training, and 189 farmers and trap- pers attended extension training workshops. During 1969, a total of 1,619 timber wolves, 2,016 coyotes and 77 hybrids were bountied in the Province. The number of timber wolves bountied annually has remained relatively constant for the past number of years. Coyotes have shown a gradual increase in numbers bountied each year since 1960. This increase may be related to the low population of foxes as the two species compete to a degree for the same food and space. Payment of bounty claims amounted to $69,996 during the fiscal year, compared with $62,025 in the preceding year. FUR FARMING Declines ranging from 15 to 20 per cent for all types of ranch mink were experienced in the opening sales of the 1969-70 mink pelt market. While buyer attendance was good, de- mand was selective, and it was quite obvious that buyers were purchasing goods to meet only immediate needs. The initial sales recorded some 70 per cent clearance as com- pared with 85 to 90 per cent clearances last year. There were indications that further declines could be expected in the sales in January, February and March, and buyers were fearful of purchasing quantities of pelts that they might not clear through the manufacturing levels be- fore the next auction sale, when the same quality goods might be purchased at cheaper prices. As was anticipated, declines occurred in the sales in February, March, April and May for all types of mink, rang- ing from 15 to 40 per cent as compared to the 1968-9 sales. By the end of May, however, 90 per cent of the Canadian mink crop was sold. Despite the fact that 60 to 70 per cent of the crop was sold in the initial sales before the drastic decline in the mar- ket occurred, the grand average selling price for 90 per cent of the ranch mink crop fell to $11.32. According to the Ontario Fur Breeders' Association, this average is about $1.55 below the costs of producing a mink pelt in Ontario. Due to the low returns, many mink ranchers in Canada, and particularly in the United States where the bulk of their crop was not offered before the drastic decline in the mar- ket occurred, are being forced to discontinue business. It is estimated that declines in pelt production for the 1970-71 season may reach 20 per cent in Canada and as high as 35 to 40 per cent in the United States. These may be offset to 15 some extent by additional pelt-outs when the pelts of breed- er mink will be offered for sale. The low prices and inactivity in the mink pelt market can be attributed to the economic conditions which caused the present slump in the stock market in the United States, the largest mink consuming country in the world, and to a lesser extent in the Canadian market. The tight money situation, with high interest rates, has had an adverse affect on the brokerage, manufacturing and the wholesale branches of the industry which operate to a great extent on credit. The efforts of the National Board of Fur Farm Organiza- tions, have been redoubled in their attempts to obtain quota legislation on the importation of mink pelts into the United States. Any restrictive import measure would adversely af- fect Canada and particularly Ontario, the largest fur pro- ducing province, because most of the top quality wild mink, and a good percentage of fine quality ranch mink produced in Canada, are exported to the United States. Developments are being closely watched by the Canada Department of In- dustry, Trade and Commerce and Canada Mink Breeders. In anticipation of a poor pelt market and for economic reasons, the number of breeder mink kept on Ontario ranches as of January 1, 1969, remained virtually the same as for January 1, 1968. The increase in the number of mink pelts produced in 1969, as compared to 1968, is attributed to the small increase in the number of breeders kept and the number of breeder pelts placed on the market due to ranchers discontinuing business. From information obtained from the Fur Farmers' Reports, the Provincial production per female kept was calculated to be 3.57 and the mortality from all causes was 2.44. In December, 1969, 51 Ontario fur farmers discontinued business due to the low pelt prices. It is obvious that un- less there is a dramatic up-swing in the market where ranch- ers can at least recover production costs, there will be a further serious contraction of the industry in the Province in the next year. The small production of ranch-raised fox pelts sold to good advantage with the present demand for all long-haired furs. Large quantities of these types are being used in the manufacture of "fun furs" and sportswear. The incidence of disease on Ontario fur farms was minimal in 1969. Six cases of distemper, four cases of tuberculosis, three cases of pseudomonas, and one case of piasmacytosis were diagnosed at the Ontario Veterinary College, Univer- sity of Guelph. The largest loss due to distemper was 326 mink on a ranch where they had not been vaccinated. The loss due to pseudomonas was kept to a minimum by the prompt use of vaccine stored at the College for this purpose. The one case of piasmacytosis is not representative of the status of this disease on Ontario ranches. Traces of this dis- ease can be found on most ranches. However, as ranchers test for this disease without reference to the College, no ac- curate record of its prevalence is known. The disease is con- trolled by killing those mink that show positive to the test. During 1969, a total of 387 Fur Farmers' Licences were issued; of these 358 were renewals, 27 were for newly es- tablished fur farms, and two licences were issued with retro- active provisions to legalize the operation of unlicensed farms in the previous year. FIELD SERVICES This is a service unit providing liaison between fish and game management and the preparation of regulations, amendments to regulations and The Game and Fish Act, 1961-62, and amendments. It is responsible for law enforce- ment programs, the training of conservation officers, and the maintenance of seizure and prosecution records. In ad- dition, records of angling and hunting licences are main- tained in a Central Licence Bureau incorporating hunter and angler surveys for management purposes and law enforce- ment. Hunters and anglers may also be serviced in the mat- ter of replacing lost licences by this bureau. Hunting licence examinations are a responsibility of Field Services in co- operation with the Provincial hunter training program. LAW ENFORCEMENT where education programs fail to obtain the necessary co- operation of the public, charges may be laid. The objective of preventing violation can sometimes be achieved by issu- ing warnings. Where court action results, a high standard of law enforcement training is essential. A Provisional Summary of the Big Came Seasons was pro- vided seven months in advance of the open season, followed by a more comprehensive Summary of the Regulations and Seasons several weeks prior to the commencement of fall hunting. In addition to these two hunting publications, con- solidated office copies of The Game and Fish Act, 1961-62, and the Ontario Fishery Regulations, 1969, were made avail- able for distribution to law enforcement officers, courts, legal counsel and the public. The training of conservation officers and others, con- cerned with the enforcement of provincial and federal statutes, is continuing with a total of thirty-eight officers and other personnel receiving in-service training during the year at Nym Lake Staff House, Fort Frances Forest District and the Ontario Forest Technical School, Dorset. 16 HUNTING LICENCE EXAMINATIONS The hunting licence examination program has just com- pleted its second year with a total of 22,474 applicants ex- amined in 1968 and 23,415 examined in 1969, an increase of 941 applicants. The twenty-one Forest Districts reported the following applicants examined in 1969. Lake Erie 3,931 Lake Huron 3,444 Lake Simcoe 4,184 Lindsay 881 Tweed 1,397 Kemptville 1,824 Pembroke 394 Parry Sound 474 North Bay 669 Sudbury 1,354 Sault Ste. Marie 818 White River 153 Chapleau 159 Swastika 518 Cochrane 521 Kapuskasing 416 Ceraldton 152 Thunder Bay 1,135 Fort Frances 315 Kenora 423 Sioux Lookout 274 TOTAL 23,436 Failure rates were highest in southwestern Ontario at 22 per cent while the remaining eighteen districts had a failure rate of only 8.4 per cent, with a provincial average of 10 per cent. This is an improvement of 3 per cent over the average of 1968. Total accidents for 1969 numbered one hundred and thirty, an increase over the previous year. However, when based on the rate of accidents per number of licences sold, which gives consideration to the yearly increase in hunters, there is a slight decrease over the yearly average for the past nine years of 20.3 per 100,000 licences. CENTRAL LICENCE BUREAU The Central Licence Bureau has been in operation since 1968. From that time, copies of licences sold to hunters and fishermen have been coming in at a steady pace. There are now approximately 1,200,000 hunting licences on record and 1,500,000 angling licences. These licences, with the names and addresses on the li- censees, serve as the basis of mailed surveys to hunters and fishermen in Ontario. Each fall, a survey is taken of the moose and deer hunt in Ontario. All surveys do not directly involve the public. Valuable information, such as age class- ifications and origin of the sportsman, can be obtained by sampling for information contained on the licence. The Bureau assists our conservation officers and the police in matters of law enforcement through the "identification badge" number system. Landowners can identify hunters on their lands through this system. The Central Licence Bureau also serves the public by veri- fying a hunting or fishing licence purchase so that a new or duplicate licence may be purchased in the event the original is lost or stolen. Each year, 500 applications for verification are processed; of these, some 350 come in late September and early October. SEIZURES AND CONVICTIONS The Seizures and Convictions unit recorded 5,164 offences with 4,654 convictions registered. The remainder were dis- missed or withdrawn, or are incomplete to date. This is again the highest number of offences on record for a single year. The annual increases being experienced since 1962 are probably the result of increasing numbers of hunters and anglers and are following parallel courses. Hungarian partridge, live-trapped annually in southeastern Ontario, are released into suitable habitat in southwestern Ontario. Photo by I. B. Dawson. 17 SEIZURES AND CONVICTIONS l%5-6 1966-7 l%7-8 1968-9 l%9-70 Number ot Offences .. Number of Convictions Cases Dismissed 2,581 2,942 3,404 3,557 5,164 2,347 2,626 3,239 3,489 5,219 64 93 105 183 151 WITHOUTA LICENCE (CONVICTIONS) Activity l%5-6 No. % Frequency 1966-7 No. % Frequency l%7-8 No. % Frequency 1968-9 No. % Frequency l%9-70 No. % Frequency Fishing without licence 106 4.6 204 Hunting without licence 360 15.3 443 Trappmg without licence 6 0.2 5 7.7 178 14.9 15.9 467 23.1 1.2 14 41.1 237 6.5 908 19.5 589 16.0 497 10.6 32 0.87 27 .58 472 20.1 652 24.8 659 20.3 858 23.37 1432 30.68 VIOLATIONS, 1969-70 1. Angling with more than two lines 2. Possession of overlimit of fish 3. Taking fish by means other than angling 4. Taking fish during closed season 5. Possession of fish during closed season 6. Possession of spear 7. Miscellaneous, including fishing without licence Total, Fishing Violations 1. Possession loaded firearm in vehicle 2. Hunting during prohibited hours and jack lighting 3. Possession loaded firearm in power boat 4. Hunting in closed season 5. Possession of game in closed season 6. Hunting protected birds 7. Failing to wear a back patch 8. Miscellaneous, including hunting or trapping without a licence 9. Careless hunting 321 542 211 134 79 68 1,188 ,543 470 340 152 83 24 105 381 910 18 Total, Hunting Violations \483 Total Violations 5 026 18 FISHERIES SECTION SPORT FISH AND HATCHERIES The responsibilities of this Unit are to manage and develop the natural fisheries resource; to augment it where possible and desirable by the planting of hatchery fish and the de- velopment of additional fisheries; and to encourage wise use of the resource. To accomplish these objectives in conjunction with field staff, Unit personnel are involved in the planning and co- ordination of programs to assess the fishery and its degree of utilization by anglers; to determine the effectiveness of fish plantings; to establish angling seasons and regulations and to test their validity; to initiate habitat improvement; to study fisheries problems and to evaluate remedial action; to provide public access to natural waters and to acquire and develop public fishing areas; and to dispense information and to promote the sports fishery. The operation of an extensive system of fish hatcheries is an important part of fish management in Ontario. Produc- tion and distribution of fish stocks, modernization of the hatchery system, and the application of new fish cultural techniques are involved in the program. ANGLING REGULATIONS AND SUMMARY Numerous, minor amendments to the Ontario Fishery Regu- lations were enacted to solve specific management prob- lems or to permit more liberalized fishing in keeping with the status of the resource. Winter fishing for brook trout in the streams and ponds of St. Joseph Island was prohibited by placing the island in Division 2. Algonquin Provincial Park was consolidated as Division 13, rather than Divisions 13 and 14. Winter fishing for brook, brown and rainbow trout was established for the southerly portion of the District of Mus- koka by placing it in Division 7. That portion of Crowe Lake in the County of Peterbor- ough was deleted from Division 6 and placed in Division 7. Winter fishing for brook, brown and rainbow trout in Di- vision 10 was extended two months by establishing the opening date as January 1st. The open season for rainbow trout in Divisions 1, 2, 16 and 17, and in the special rivers having an extended fall season, was extended to December 31st. The open season for bass and maskinonge in Division 12 (Ontario - Quebec border waters) was extended to March 31st. An "all year" open season on maskinonge was established for Divisions 20 and 24. The over-all closing date for fishing in Algonquin Park was extended from October 15 to November 30. The daily catch limit on lake trout was reduced from five to three in Division 19 and in that part of Division 16 lying north of the French and Mattawa Rivers. Sauger were included with blue pickerel and yellow pick- erel relative to the daily catch limit. The daily catch limit on brook trout was established as ten fish, or five pounds plus one fish, in the following coun- ties which constitute the Lake Huron Forest District: Brant, Bruce, Grey, Halton, Huron, Oxford, Perth, Waterloo, Wel- lington and Wentworth. Blue pickerel and sauger were included with yellow pick- erel relative to open seasons for angling. The open season on brook and brown trout was estab- lished from January 1st to September 15th in the following areas: Eugenia and Bells Lakes in the County of Grey; Cam- eron and Gillies Lakes in the County of Bruce; and Pinery Park Pond in the County of Lambton. The Summary of the Ontario Fishing Regulations was im- proved by the addition of further relevant information, by the deletion or clarification of wordy passages, by the re- arrangement of material, and by effecting a general tidying up of the format. A thirty-pound lake trout taken from Saganaga Lake, Thunder Bay Forest District. Photo by C. E. Monk. LICENCES Revenue from the sale of angling licences increased by a resounding 73 per cent as a result of significant changes in the licensing fee structure. A slight reduction (444) in the number of non-resident seasonal licences sold was more than compensated for by the higher licence fees and a sub- stantial increase (9.8 per cent) in the sale of non-resident three-day licences. The fiscal year 1969-70 was the first full year in which the new resident angling licence was in effect. The number of licences sold was 603,670. In comparison, the sale of domestic or sport fishing li- cences is of minor importance. Some highlights, however, are worthy of mention. The sale of non-resident smelt li- cences and domestic dip-net licences increased 25 and 30 per cent respectively, and all licences in this group showed marked increases in sales. EXTENSION In 1968, a formal program to guide and assist in the develop- ment of fisheries resources on private lands was started with the appointment of one Head Office biologist and two field extension biologists. In 1969, an additional field position, in Lake Erie Forest District, was established. While advice and services may be directed to private landowners for the creation and management of ponds or for stream improvement, the program is very concerned with public benefits. The obtaining of public access through purchase, easements, agreements and better landowner- Lifting a pound net on Georgian Bay. Photo by F. P. Maker. angler relations, and the preservation of habitat, particularly water quality, migration routes and spawning areas, are prime concerns. Field staff are currently developing im- provement techniques on Crown lands and preparing plans for private land projects. PROVINCIAL FISHING AREAS Ten pond areas near urban centres were operated on an intensive basis to provide public fishing for trout. The Hill Lake Hatchery in Swastika District and the George Challies area in Kemptville District were added to the list in 1969. The Challies area was stocked with 1,947 rainbow and 500 brook trout for the first time in 1969. Returns of tagged fish indicate 69 per cent of the fish were harvested by the spring of 1970. Estimates for May and June alone indicate 1,335 angler visits, totalling 5,920 hours. Estimates for the Cornwall Recreation Area, covering January through September, indicate 5,814 angler visits, totalling 16,813 hours, with 5,691 trout caught. Mount Pleasant Provincial Fishing Area again recorded the highest estimates with 28,120 angler visits, totalling 65,222 hours, with 22,500 trout caught. WATER QUALITY STUDIES In 1969, the Department, in co-operation with the Ontario Water Resources Commission, expanded its efforts to detect and reduce water pollution in the province. To provide the direction for the program and to maintain liaison with other government agencies in the pollution control field, a Water Quality Control position was created in Head Office. The 1968 pesticide monitoring program was directed to the Muskoka Lakes, Lake Simcoe and Bay of Quinte, which had warranted further investigation to provide baseline data on the levels of pesticides in various fish species because of widespread use of DDT in these areas over the years, and where recent legislature has almost entirely prohibited its use for black-fly and mosquito control. Also, in 1969, the Department, in co-operation with the Ontario Water Resources Commission and the University of Toronto, undertook a limited program of fish sampling and analysis to determine background levels of mercury and to consider the possibility of mercury pollution in Ontario water systems. In recent years, the Department has become increasingly concerned about the possible effects to fisheries from heated water discharges at several large thermal Generating Stations being constructed on the Great Lakes. To consider the var- ious possible effects of these heated discharges, a joint study, involving Ontario Hydro, Steel Company of Canada, 20 A lake survey crew member uses an echo sounder to obtain the bottom contours of a lake. Photo by F. P. Maher. Ontario Water Resources Commission and the Department, was begun in 1969 on Lake Erie at Nanticoke where a large station is under construction, and where plans are under- way for the construction of a large steel making industry. The Department's campaign during 1968 to ensure proper garbage disposal by winter fishermen, through the use of plastic litter bags, on selected waters was so encouraging, that the program was expanded province-wide during 1969 to help keep our lakes and rivers free of domestic wastes. NETTING CREWS Department netting crews are stationed at Maple in south- ern Ontario and at Thunder Bay in northwestern Ontario. Their duties are to provide netting gear for the use of District personnel on field projects and to maintain such gear by repair or replacement. They also instruct and assist field personnel on netting projects and actually carry out some of the more difficult ones. In 1969, the staff at Maple actively participated in the collection of lake trout and yellow pickerel eggs for hatch- ery purposes. They also provided numerous species of live fish for display at the Toronto Sportsmen's Show and the Canadian National Exhibition. In addition, a total of 85 trap and pound nets and eight retainers was loaned out to nine forest districts, two universities and the Department's Re- search Branch. As a result, some 220 pieces of used netting had to be overhauled, mended, rebundled and stored. A total of 25 new trap nets and two retainers was constructed m 1969. The netting crew at Thunder Bay was actively engaged in 11 field projects involving fish tagging, spawn collection, lake surveys, fish sampling, fish transfer and the demonstra- tion of impounding gear. In addition, a total of 18 trap nets and two seines was loaned out to five forest districts. All gear in stock was overhauled and repaired; one new net was constructed; and three nets were rebuilt with modifications. FISHERIES MANAGEMENT UNITS Each Unit, although part of a forest district, has more precise responsibilities for large, important lake systems which re- quire intensive inventory and management. Plans were underway to establish new Units on Lakes Superior and Huron where a need was indicated for co-or- dinated plans of fisheries management involving the acti- vities of several forest districts. Lake St. Clair. This Unit, established in 1968, moved into new headquarters, formerly a commercial fishery, near the mouth of the Thames River. Previous studies were reviewed and existing data summarized. Records of yellow pickerel tagged in the Thames River during the spawning run in- dicated a gradual dispersal of these fish into Lake St. Clair northwest as far as the St. Clair River and Lake Huron. A sum- mer creel census, involving 5,634 anglers, indicated a total angling effort of 66,407 man-hours producing a catch of 53,972 fish. Lake St. Clair has an active ice fishery. From inter- views of 1,492 anglers, an estimated 532,880 fish were caught, mostly yellow perch, from an estimated effort of 91,560 angler-hours. This is a catch of 5.8 fish per man-hour. Lake NIpigon. Following establishment of this Unit in 1'^68. and a review of existing data from previous investigations, sur\'eys were conducted of tributary streams to evaluate their potential for spawning habitat of game fishes such as yellow pickerel and brook trout. Spawning pickerel were tagged in some of these unsurveyed streams as well as those in Ombabika Bay. Nine individual bays on the lake were sounded and examined for spawning habitat and standing crops of young-of-the-year game fish. Initial investigations began in the Sturgeon River to determine the efl'ects ol logging and driving on sport fish populations. The Black- water River was examined for stream-spawning lake trout. A sampling program of the fall fishery for whitefish was under- taken. Brook trout were tagged during the spawning season on some of the tributaries to the lake. Rainy Lake. In 1969, this Unit increased its staff by the addi- tion of a Fisheries Management Officer. Between May and 21 September, extensive creel censuses were operated in the North and South Arms and Redgut Bay. The best fishing for yellow pickerel was in Redgut Bay, for northern pike and bass in the South Arm, and for black crappie in the North Arm. The abundance of fingerling yellow pickerel in 1969 approximated 650 per acre, an increase over 400 per acre in 1968 and 330 per acre in 1967. Lake-spawning yellow pickerel appear to be maintaining the population, whereas the stream-spawning contribution is low. If they are to sur- vive, newly-emerged pickerel fry require large quantities of plankton, and streams are not great producers of this neces- sary food. Five sites were sampled regularly in 1969 to monitor water quality during the open-water season. Lake of the Woods. Studies of the movements of yellow pickerel continued in 1969 with tagging of 1,000 fish in approximately equal numbers in Sabaskong Bay and the Keewatin Channel. Tag returns indicated fish from Sabas- kong Bay do not travel very far; 75 per cent were caught within five miles of the tagging site. However, two were taken 22 miles northwest. Fish tagged in Keewatin Channel appeared more nomadic, some travelling in excess of 50 miles after tagging. Routine sampling of the commercial and angling catches continued to provide comparative data of the harvest of species for which these interests might com- pete. Estimates of the production of fingerling yellow pick- erel were made by seine hauls during August. Timagami-Nlplssing. An intensive creel winter census on Lake Timagami indicated a yield to fishermen of 4,382 fish, of which 2,498 were lake trout and 1,581 were whitefish, for an estimated fishing pressure of 24,913 man-hours. Week-end fishing was 90 per cent of the total fishing pres- sure. Although very few planted lake trout have been re- covered since plantings began in 1961, the majority of the fin-clipped fish would not be large enough to enter the fishery, so evaluation of this program must continue. Fish sampling for information on population dynamics was con- tinued in Lake Nipissing with a yellow pickerel tagging proj- ect at Wasi Falls in Callander Bay. Serial sampling to monitor water quality continued. Lake Simcoe. Investigations of populations of lake trout, yellow pickerel, smallmouth bass and whitefish continued in 1969. Smallmouth bass studies, in co-operation with the University of Cuelph, were continued at a weir on the Pef- ferlaw River. Spawning adults were measured and tagged during their upstream migration, and numbers of resultant young were estimated during their downstream migration. Over 30 million yellow pickerel eggs were collected by artificial spawning of adult fish in the Talbot River. The sex ratio among approximately 500 fish was 6:1. This species seems to be underexploited in Lake Simcoe, and efforts are underway to interest more fishermen in exploiting yellow pickerel. Lake whitefish were tagged during the netting operations for spawning lake trout in the fall. Comprehen- sive summer and winter creel censuses were continued. Kawartha Lakes. Netting operations continued in these lakes during 1969. Came fish were tagged to obtain information on movements and mortalities. Creel censuses were used to make a special effort at retrieving data on tagged fish. Information to date indicate most game fish sampled range within small areas and are not highly nomadic. Bay of Quinte and Eastern Lake Ontario. Creel censusing and monitoring of the commercial fishery continued in 1969. Investigations of the declining fishery in some areas of the Bay have not, as yet, determined the causes, although the declining water quality with consequent eutrophication and algae growth are suspect. SPECIAL PROJECTS Georgian Bay. This study on yellow pickerel was continued in the Moon River area throughout 1969. Trap netting was carried out during two periods, April 24 to May 20, and August 5 to September 5. A total of 6,862 pickerel was cap- tured of which 4,806 were tagged with monel metal jaw tags and released. Population estimates indicate a spawn- ing population of approximately 22,500 in 1969 as com- pared to 21 ,000 in 1968. Tag returns from all sources (excluding spring trap net- ting) totalled 612 and indicated that the pickerel popula- Jaklng spawn from a brook trout at Dorion tiatchery. Photo by A. H. Berst. 22 tion becomes widely dispersed after the spawning period. Data on growth rates and sexual maturity showed little change from last year. Creel census studies revealed that angler success improved considerably in the Moon River area but declined slightly in the Shawanaga basin. Examination of 65 tag returns from the Shawanaga area indicate that this population is now travelling farther afield after spawning. Over 75 per cent of the fish, which were tagged close to shore, had moved to off-shore waters and were occupying niches that were formerly inhabited by discrete off-shore populations only. Commercial landings of pickerel decreased from 32,369 pounds in 1968 to 23,483 pounds in 1969. The largest de- crease was in the northerly part of Georgian Bay and was partially offset by increases in other areas. A tenfold in- crease was experienced in the Shawanaga-Croundhog area and was due principally to the migration of fish from Shawanaga to Groundhog and the entrance of the 1965 year class to the fishery. It is anticipated that these studies on yellow pickerel will be continued indefinitely. Bark Lake. An intensive creel census study was conducted on Bark Lake, Renfrew County, during the summer of 1969, and on Aylen Lake which is being used as a control area for comparative purposes. A slight decline in angling success relative to lake trout was observed on both lakes when com- pared with the results of a similar survey in 1966. It was also noted that the average size of lake trout in the anglers' catch from Bark Lake increased slightly (3.1 to 3.6 lbs.) whereas the average size from Aylen Lake declined from 2.7 to 2.4 lbs. Fall netting on the Bark Lake lake trout spawning beds was continued and resulted in the tagging and release of 147 lake trout. The return of tags by anglers from pre- viously marked fish was encouraged, and 13 tags were received in 1969. Efforts to determine the average incubation period for lake trout eggs were continued and resulted in a figure of 145 days. Since the natural incubation period is so variable (55 days in 1968-9 and 145 days in 1969-70) and appears to relate directly to water temperature, it is prob- ably more desirable to describe incubation in terms of degree days. During the period October 17, 1969, to March 11, 1970 (incubation period), the Bark Lake water level was lowered a total of 28.61 feet. This long-term project was initiated in 1965 to determine the effect of the extensive winter drawdown of water on the natural reproduction of lake trout and will continue until 1975. Lac SeuL Since construction of a dam in 1929, this large lake of 500 square miles in Sioux Lookout Forest District has experienced annual fluctuations of water levels between 14 and 16 feet. During 1969, a biologist and summer students continued the assessment of the effects of these fluctuations on fish production. Depth-sounding of the lake basin was completed, and assessment of water quality continued. Scale samples from 1,500 yellow pickerel and 1,500 northern pike, collected in gill and trap nets, will be used to relate age distribution with water fluctuations. As well, test netting was used to assess the species composition in the reservoir. Investigations were initiated in tributory lake systems for supplementary information on sub-populations of fish and their contribution to production in Lac Seul. The program will continue in 1970. PROVINCIAL FISH HATCHERIES The potential for fish culture in the fields of protein pro- duction and recreational fishing has resulted in the develop- ment of a specialized technology. Fish culture has been practised for centuries but with varying degrees of success. New discoveries and techniques have had to evolve in the face of resistance from the old traditional practices. Early provincial fish hatcheries concentrated on mass pro- duction of commercial species with little or no concern given to biological and environmental requirements. In general, the purpose of culture should be to assist rather than replace nature. Early fish culturists held the opposite view. With better understanding of the requirements of hatch- ery fish for maximum growth and survival, we ace now in a better position to justify the hatchery as an economical and practical tool of fisheries management. The basic aim of our hatcheries today is the economic production of high-quality species to sustain and develop recreational fishing throughout the province. Our interests lie in maximizing the returns of hatchery fish to the an- gler, taking advantage of natural reproduction and growth afforded by releases into suitable natural waters. Research is being conducted on the improvement of transportation and planting techniques to ensure maximum survival and returns to the angler. This includes the use of helicopters on small inland bodies of water. Our program of marking all hatchery fish by the removal of a single fin 23 has provided valuable information in this regard both from the public and from provincial lake inventory crews. All fifteen hatcheries, located in twelve forest districts across the province, operated during 1969. An official open- ing of North Bay hatchery was conducted by the Minister of Lands and Forests in June, though the station was open for only partial operation, following renovation. Fifteen Department employees attended the three-week Fisheries Management Course given each year at the Univer- sity of Gueiph. This course undergoes annual revisions to upgrade and familiarize our staff with current work in fisheries management. The hybrid splake, developed for its rapid growth and early maturing qualities, and destined for the rehabilitation of Lake Huron, have already shown promise, despite the rather small initial planting at Meaford in 1968. During the latter part of the 1969-70 fiscal year, and into the 1970-1 fiscal year, over one-quarter million splake were released in the vicinity of Vail Point and Douglas Point in Georgian Bay and Lake Huron, respectively. A portion of this lot was also committed to South Bay on Manitoulin Island for follow-up studies. Ontario's ultimate annual commitment to the rehabilitation of these waters is one million yearlings. When coupled with assistance afforded Michigan in a simi- lar program, it becomes obvious that additional hatchery space will be required if inland plantings of native species are to be continued at the present level. Kokanee were reared from eggs received from Colorado, Montana and British Columbia as part of a continuing proj- ect to establish breeding populations in the Great Lakes. Fall fingerling kokanee were raised at Wiarton hatchery from spawn collected at Colpoy Creek near Wiarton. The application of fall fingerling plantings to the Lake Ontario streams may well succeed where previous failures had been experienced with eyed eggs and fry. It is apparent that kokanee have already established a small but viable popu- lation in the Lake Huron waters about the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. Mature fish exceeding two pounds show promise, in both recreational and commercial fish- eries. Coho salmon, from Lake Michigan, were again reared at Chatsworth hatchery and released in the spring of 1970. Similar rates of smolt plantings were applied to the same waters as in 1969. The 1969 planting returned numerous precocious spawners to the Credit River in September of the same year. Approximately fifty per cent were marked with lamprey scars. However, we are optimistic that the coho will be a suitable species, if only on a short-term basis, for early rehabilitation of Lake Ontario, following lamprey con- trol. Because the coho must be produced entirely in fish hatcheries (i.e., little hope is held out for natural reproduc- tion in Lake Ontario waters), it's use will be limited and most probably it will be replaced with a species from which natural reproduction in the wild state can be expected. Lake trout eggs from Manitoba were received by our Thunder Bay hatchery in exchange for brook trout eggs from Dorion hatchery and maskinonge fry from the Deer Lake station. Good returns from the use of two-year-old lake trout, planted in the Muskoka Lakes, has stimulated a study to be initiated in Lake Opeongo, Algonquin Park, by our Research Branch. Fifteen sturgeon, up to thirty-eight inches in length, were transferred from the Ottawa River to the Westport hatchery and subsequently shipped to Russia for genetic work in their sturgeon-caviar hatcheries. At the request of the Canadian Embassy in Quito, Ecuador, 50,000 eyed brook trout eggs were shipped from Dorion hatchery to introduce the species into suitable waters of that country. Experimental culture of the yellow pickerel at White Lake hatchery was continued to refine the technique. The dis- covery that pickerel can be reared on manufactured food pellets, and cultured beyond the cannibalistic stage, may be academic, as stocking rates required to exert a significant influence on a body of water are apparently prohibitive. The hatchery culture of yellow pickerel for planting in natural waters can be justified only for introductory plantings, not to supplement an existing population. The golden shiner culture project continued at Westport hatchery in an attempt to establish a hatchery oriented brood stock and to determine methods and procedures for the artificial culture of this species by the bait fish industry. Several provincial fishing areas across the Province, main- tained by this Department and the Conservation Authori- ties Branch of the Department of Energy and Resources Management, were stocked with catchable size trout. These fish provide quality angling in areas of high population where suitable water and opportunity are limited. Studies by Department personnel, in co-operation with the University of Gueiph and the Ontario Water Resources Commission, conclusively proved the serious effect of DDT pesticide on lake trout spawn and early fry stages. The work was carried out at Wiarton hatchery using both Lake Simcoe and Muskoka Lakes stock. University and Government research agencies were also provided with Provincial hatchery fish for studies related directly or indirectly to improving our knowledge of fish- 24 eries management. Included here are brook trout used for bio-assays (determining the toxicity of lampricide to stream fishes) by the Sea Lamprey Control Unit of the federal Department of Fisheries and Forestry. Our commitment to the Great Lakes Fishery Commission for the rehabilitation of Lake Superior (500,000 lake trout yearlings annually), following sea lamprey control on these waters, was met by our Dorion and Tarentorus hatcheries. On a permissive basis for two years, fall spawning rain- bow trout eggs were imported from western United States by private industry. The oldest stock in the fall of 1969 was still one year short of full maturity. There was thus a short- age of rainbow trout spawn in Ontario, and our fear of importing egg-borne virus diseases resulted in a refusal for further importations. Through co-operative efforts with the private fish hatchery industry, we met the entire demand by providing over 250,000 eyed rainbow trout eggs on a sale basis from our Normandale trout rearing station. It is anti- cipated that this demand on provincial egg stocks will diminish as the brood stock held by the industry matures. The visiting public are welcome at our hatcheries seven days a week. Conducted tours, particularly of school chil- dren, are offered to the public, and afford an opportunity to observe spawning, incubation and fish rearing practices. The assistance offered to the public, who are interested in everything from developing a private trout hatchery to the reasons why their tropical fish are dying, is becoming an ever increasing part of our work load. Our extension service is generally limited to the giving of advice verbally and by dispensing literature. However, several field visits were co- ordinated to solve particular problems. During 1969, there were twenty-nine private fish hatch- eries licensed for the sale of hatchery fish for restocking purposes, and fifty-nine for the sale of hatchery fish for human consumption purposes. The growth of this industry in Ontario appears to be limited only by the availability of good ground waters for the successful culture of trout. DOMESTIC OR SPORT FISHING LICENCES T\pe ot Licence \uml5er ot Licences Sold 1%7 1968 1%9 Non-resident Smelt 5,171 4,870* Resident Smelt 5,706 3,941 Anglers Bait-fish 520 322 Domestic Dip-net 425 826 'Includes non-resident how and arrow fishermen. 6,112* 4,493 351 1,076 SALE OF ANGLING LICENCES Type of Licence Non-resident Seasonal Non-resident 3-day Non-resident Organized Camp Resident-Introduced Ian. 1/69 Resident Provincial Park (discontinued Dec. 31/68) Resident Provincial Park Organized Camp (discontinued Dec. 31/68) 1966 1%" 1968 1%9 409,539 411,768 446,468 446,024 151,373 156,493 161,473 177,353 10,541 10,550 7,670 6,998 69,648 603,670 12,805 13,120 13,200 444 446 399 NUMBER OF FISH DISTRIBUTED FROM ONTARIO PROVINCIAL HATCHERIES Species Bass, Largemouth Fry Fingerling .. Yearling Adult 1%7 1968 1%9 67,500 60,000 9,000 75,000 49,900 56,390 - 2,000 - 260 45 - 25 NUMBER OF FISH DISTRIBUTED FROM ONTARIO PROVINCIAL HATCHERIES (commued) Species 1*7 l%8 l%9 98,000 211,950 178 38,200 91,000 181 86,000 113,550 no 7,030,000 2,000,000 - - 2,580,000 12,200 2,400,000 26,600 2,957,600 33,350 13,054,800 6,240,000 10,750,000 28,000,000 189,050 1,300,000 41,656 5,200 14,400 200 12 - Bass, Smallmouth Fry Finger ling Adult Herring Eyed Eggs Fry Maskinonge Fry Fingerling Yearling — Adult 195 Pickerel, Yellow Eyed Eggs Fry Fingerling Adult Salmon, Coho Yearling - - 156,886 Salmon, Kokanee Eyed Eggs Fry Fingerling Splake Fingerling Yearling 2 Year-olds Adult Sturgeon Adult Trout, Albmo Brook Yearling 12,861 2 Year-olds 1 ,093 Trout, Aurora Fingerling Trout, Brown Yearling Trout, Brook Eyed Eggs Fry Fingerling Yearling 2 Year-olds Adult 26 2,405,485 212,100 413,000 58,525 572,025 63,000 65,452 7,300 2,000 36,226 984 64,102 431 3 _ 15 — — 2,584 - - 14,957 2,741,000 _ 2,150,000 50 - - 1,125,454 524,463 524,050 1,654,182 1,149,091 1 ,344,647 52,470 26,535 32,775 40,720 13,406 4,530 NUMBER OF FISH DISTRIBUTED FROM ONTARIO PROVINCIAL HATCHERIES fcontmuedj Species l%" 1968 l%9 Trout, Lake Eyed Eggs 50,000 Fry Fingerling 328,443 Yearling 1,291 ,969 2 Year-olds 12,600 Adult 405 Trout, Rainbow Eggs 45,000 Eyed Eggs 63 1 ,500 Fry 6,000 Fingerling 87,810 Yearling 147,850 2 Year-olds 29,500 Adult 13,600 Whitefish Eyed Eggs 300,000 Fry 240,000 Pike, Northern Adult 20,000 - 190,540 - ,351,745 1,133,300 10,462 14,915 1,209 — 200,000 — 333,000 20,000 - 85,750 67,536 44,050 361,180 434,816 22,296 20,354 470 41 303 COMMERCIAL FISH UNIT The value of a balanced harvest of available stocks in im- proving the recreational as well as the commercial fisheries must not be overlooked in achieving maximum social and economic benefits from a resource. The Commercial Fish Unit plays an integral role in the program of full, sustained and multiple use of the fishery resource in Ontario. The development and management of the commercial fishery is accomplished through the assistance of field staff by collection and analysis of biological and economic statis- tics on the harvest; planning and co-ordinating surveys to assess populations and evaluate the extent to which they are utilized; protection of the biotic potential through regu- lations (licences, seasons, quotas and size limits); and the implementation of programs that would focus on the modernization of the industry, making it responsive to changing consumer requirements and needs while adapting to a dynamic renewable resource. THE COMMERCIAL FISHERY The catch by Ontario commercial fishermen in 1969 of over 63 million pounds is the second highest on record. The value of 7.4 million dollars for this catch represents a 24 per cent increase over 1968, which is the sharpest rise wit- nessed by the industry in over 20 years. The commercial catch for the Great Lakes (56.5 million pounds) surpassed the previous high of 1962 by nearly two million pounds. Yellow perch and smelt were caught in record quantities in Lake Erie, accounting for nearly one- half and one-quarter, respectively, the total weight of the commercial catch in Ontario. Other dominant species in the Great Lakes fisheries are the lake herring from Lake Superior, the lake whitefish from Lake Huron, and the white bass from Lake Erie. The commercial fishery varies widely for the lake basms and inland waters with respect to both size and composition of the catch. The northern inland fisheries continue to be the major source of yellow pickerel, lake whitefish, northern pike, and sturgeon in the Province. 27 while the number of men engaged in fishing declined four per cent from last year, the amount of invested capital remained the same. The industry continues to upgrade its operations which is demonstrated in the increased average earning per fishery unit. Bait fish operations, which provide a valuable service to the anglers across the Province, are continuing to expand as a commercial fish industry. Culturing techniques and im- proved holding facilities have extended the period of sup- ply and improved the quality of bait fish sold. Sales, which are not included in the above statistics, totalled 1.8 million dollars in 1969, which is an increase of 20 per cent from the previous year. The bait fish industry, which is controlled through licensing, increased five per cent to a total of 3,936 operations. FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS In the harvesting of food fishes, the techniques used by a diverse industry, which ranges from the canoe and gill-nets of the northern Ontario fisheries to the electronically equip- ped trawlers in Lake Erie, are not necessarily the most suit- able for the proper utilization of the resource. The Department, in conjunction with a cost-sharing pro- gram of the federal Department of Fisheries and Forestry, has initiated and is actively participating in experimental projects designed to develop industrial or fishing techniques which have economic advantage to the commercial fishing industry. Two such projects were continued from 1968, and one new project was undertaken in 1969. On Lake Ontario, where in 1968 an exploratory trawl- ing program revealed large concentrations of smelt and alewife, insights into economic and biological aspects of a commercial trawl fishery are being gained. The project was continued for 1969 with emphasis on exploitation of this under-utilized resource. Again, a Lake Erie trawler and crew were contracted. From early August, 1969, until mid- March, 1970, over 300,000 pounds of fish were caught in 132 hours of towing time. The average catch rate during a period from December to March near Toronto was nearly 5,000 pounds per hour. The daily catch rates varied greatly depending on the area fished, time of year that fishing was done, and trawl type. Little difficulty was experienced in selling the fish. On the basis of the consistently good catches made during the winter in western Lake Ontario, and the prices received for the fish, a decision was made that trawling could be profit- able during at least part of the year. Plans to allow a maxi- mum of three vessels to operate experimentally during 1970 are underway. These operations, which are to receive no financial support from the Department, may well be the beginning of a trawling fishery in Lake Ontario. A three-year project of financial assistance to the industry was terminated in 1969 with the completion of a fish meal plant using fish-processing waste material and fish unsuited for food. The plant, which operated on a production basis for nearly nine months in 1969, produced 1,450 tons of meal. The meal, which was shown to be as high in quality as marine sources, supplies a need for high-quality protein in poultry or animal feed formulae. Information gained from this project has shown that fish meal plants are capable of operating efficiently and add materially to the economy by utilizing material which would otherwise be wasted. The third program supported by the Department in 1969 was the development of a suitable bulk handling technique for smelt on Lake Erie. Traditionally, the handling of large volumes of fish in small boxes resulted in large labour and material costs. The new system, conducted in co-operation with elements of the Lake Erie commercial fishing industry, uses large-capacity boxes designed for mechanical handling from the boat deck through road transport to the processing plants. The process proved successful in operation and has shown substantial cost benefits as well as improvements in the quality of the fish. With minor modifications, this tech- nique could be used in other parts of the Province. COMMERCIAL FISH MANAGEMENT The Commercial Fish Unit is vitally interested in the de- velopment, protection, and use of the renewable water resources in the Province. The establishment of commer- cial fisheries is intended to serve desirable conservation and economic purposes. Operations are allowed only on the resource base that is capable of sustaining biologically and supporting economically. Licensing policy, through sound biological management, is aimed at strengthening the industry by limiting entry and withdrawing redundant fishing privileges. Management of the fisheries involves keeping in equilib- rium three ecological forces — the fish, the environment, and man. An ecological approach to conservation implies that management objectives should be to develop or to protect the environment in order to provide the greatest yield in optimum habitat for man. Exploitation of fish popu- lations necessitates fish management. Rates of exploitation are regulated by various restrictions on catch which con- stitute a final potential means for sound management mani- pulation of fish populations. Restrictive measures are directly related to fishing pressure and to the vulnerability of the species in the waters under consideration. 28 Adequate knowledge is vital to adequate management. If the Department is to achieve management goals, emphasis must be placed on providing support for studies that will strengthen important gaps in the knowledge of how to manage fisheries on a more predictable basis. MARKETING DEVELOPMENT The Commercial Fish Unit, in implementing programs to assist the industry in its efforts to advance technologically, operates, with the assistance of field staff, under an objec- tive of sustained improvement of the lines of communica- tion with commercial fishermen. The needs of the fishermen and the objectives of the Department can only be under- stood with the rapport that is established through direct contact in a program to provide an optimum, continuing contribution of renewable resource production to the economy of the Province. Through a voiced need by fisheries throughout the Prairie Provinces and the Northwest Territories, the Freshwater Fish Marketmg Corporation was created by federal and provincial legislation to organize marketing, improve capi- talization in processing, stabilize prices, and provide better access to world markets for all species of fish. After careful consideration, the Province agreed, in 1969, that the Cor- poration would become the buying and selling agent for freshwater fish in northwestern Ontario. Planning and direc- tion by the Corporation is expected to provide economic advantages not previously realized by the numerous remote fisheries in the Province. For several years, the Fisheries Prices Support Board, a federally administered program, has helped in stabilizing yellow perch prices for the commercial fishermen on Lake Erie. This program has been achieved by buying these pre- mium freshwater fish and holding them in cold storage until the market was ready to accept the supplies. In spite of exceptionally high production in 1969, prices remained relatively strong and stable, which resulted in few fish being offered to the Board for cold storage. The Department continued its participation in programs to assist the industry by providing field service for the Fish- ing Vessel Insurance Plan, a low-cost insurance program initiated by the Department of Fisheries and Forestry. Two claims for indemnity were met in 1969. The success of the program was further supported by an announcement of re- duced premiums and improved benefit structure. FISHERIES INVENTORY UNIT The Unit was established in 1966 to conduct an inventory of Ontario's lakes and streams, and to determine the present and potential capability of every body of water as a fish producing unit. The refinement of survey methods, greater standardiza- tion in conducting inventory surveys, the search for better gear, and the evaluation of techniques all received increased emphasis during the year. Range finders were introduced to determine precisely the distance from shore of the beginning and end of each echo-sounding run. More conductivity meters were made available so that crews could carry out their own complete water analysis without the need for costly and time-consum- ing laboratory analysis. Greater emphasis was placed on the use of mono-filament nylon gill nets for obtaining catches of fish in less time than with standard nets. Lake and stream surveys are highly technical and require a high degree of training on the part of those carrying them out. To this end, forty-eight university students and nine- teen fisheries personnel, from fifteen of the twenty-one forest districts, attended a one-week training and refresher course at the Ontario Forest Technical School, Dorset, prior to the commencement of the field program in June. The determination of the age of fish to determine growth rates, dominant year classes and other factors is a vital part of fisheries management. During the year, an experienced fish scale reader, who will be responsible for the training of a number of specialists in this field, was hired. PROGRESS IN LAKE INVENTORY SURVEYS Number ol lakes surveyed each year 1958-1969 969 —1000 —800 NOTE: Fisheries Invenlory Unit bcgJn opcralions in 1966 ^^ 443 ■IBS ^M 280 290 ■■ illllilill 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 29 Statistics of the Fishing Industry in the Public Waters of Ontario for the Year Ending December 31, 1969 QUANTITIES OF FISH LANDED (pounds) Species Lake Ontario Lake Erie Lake St, Clair Lake Huron Georgian Bay North Channel Bowf i n 3,256 2 1 ,040 - - - Bullheads 216,656 19,448 5,040 - - 61 Burbot _ - - - - 3,273 Carp 541,043 189,531 81,978 67,331 26,576 7,507 Catfish 23,230 101,513 66,871 10,764 8,512 - Chub ... - - 85,773 155.b21 1 .100 Eels 169,054 409 - - - - Freshwater Drum 23,504 339,377 17,739 67,091 85 Goldeye _ - - - - _ Lake Herring 40,137 12 - 2,335 11,109 3,723 Lake Trout _ • - - 412 61 12 Lake Whitefish 80,564 1,405 - 493,181 196,283 160,252 Northern Pike 27,667 972 27,458 302 9,927 10,762 Yellow Perch 438,639 29,801,833 48,307 141,482 21.316 9,195 White Perch 250,421 - - - - - Rock Bass & Crappies 47 720 28,314 47,689 211 22 826 Round Whitefish ... - - 22,lh5 3,878 7,153 Saugers 84 99 - 14 - _ Smelt 146,358 15,075,522 - 4,373 85 - Sturgeon & Caviar 1 04 5 478 17,289 3,536 701 10,618 Suckers 16,644 16,31" 106,483 94,941 41,397 47,100 Sunfish 159,566 70,526 73,218 - - - Yellow Pickerel 18 410 192,591 328,158 194,103 "4,011 18,939 White Bass 3,500 874,840 40,496 3,353 - - Mixed Scrap "Animal Food" 62,891 1,291,769 58,368 244,473 31,035 32,265 Total Catch 2,270,387 48,025,996 919,094 1,435,840 580,619 312,886 Total Value $ 329 813 $ 4,244,150 $ 332,056 $ 510,696 S 183,758 $ 1 24,626 30 Lake Superior Northern Inland Southern Inland Total Catch Total Value - - 2,949 27,245 $ 995 - 25,038 206,496 472,739 89,571 - 413,1-4 - 416,447 3,617 b35 - 131,715 1,046,316 99,962 - - 9,126 220,016 66,625 "".521 210,637 136 4b0,888 5 1 ,963 - - 5,-5- 1-5,220 44,210 - - 3,692 45 1 ,488 13,935 - 362 - ihl 48 2,396,085 298,362 27,742 2,779,505 215,555 201,696 80,014 - 282,195 131,450 211,366 1,804,939 8,614 2,956,604 1,086,324 4,220 787,180 2,603 871,091 98,831 -,626 23,698 14,105 30,506,201 3,316,640 - - 1,079 251,500 22,665 - 33,458 27,993 186,233 43,150 18,883 4,583 30 56,692 7,676 12,425 38,319 23 50,964 12,896 - - - 15,226,338 561,456 2,891 42,32- 1 1 ,ObO 89,943 119,739 53,364 876,265 21,475 1 ,273,986 25,591 - - 109,509 412,819 (,0,261 23,559 1,200,149 49 2.049,969 999,447 - 880 1 ,93 1 925,000 293,020 1 1 ,0-8 238,065 42,917 2,012,861 12,177 2,951,349 6,077,450 629,00! 63,202,622 S 402,654 $ 1,148,877 $ 101,1-4 S -,377,804 Inventory surveys were conducted in all forest districts except Chapleau, Lake Erie and Lake Simcoe. including both new surveys and surveys to up-date some work carried out in the past, 969 lakes were surveyed. Echo sounding to pro- duce an accurate bottom contour map, water analysis, the determination of fish species present, and the gathering of fishing information form the principal parts of the survey. This information is later analyzed and the results used to provide a sound fisheries management program. The accurate identification of all fish is an important re- quirement of each survey, but many of the smaller species are difficult to identify except by experts. In co-operation with the Department of Ichthyology of the Royal Ontario Museum, LJnit personnel identified all collections of small fish sent in by lake survey crews. Over the province, 59 dif- ferent species were identified. Work to evaluate infra-red photography as an aid in plant identification was continued. Aerial photographs of Tiny Marsh near Midland were taken with both infra-red and colour film, and the results compared. Preliminary results show that infra-red film can be employed to identify aquatic plants from aerial photographs, but much refining of tech- niques is required. The work is continuing. Although the primary emphasis has been on lake surveys, streams have not been overlooked. Following a study of stream survey methods used by other agencies all over the world, a two-man crew was employed to develop tech- niques suitable for our needs in Ontario. The crew worked in the Forest Districts of Lake Simcoe, Lake Huron and Lind- say, and by the end of the summer had prepared a stream survey manual which will be tested further in 1970. INDIAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT The policy of the Department in the major portion of north- ern Ontario favours local residents, mainly Indian Bands, in the development of fish and wildlife resources. The follow- ing projects were carried out during the past fiscal year under the Federal-Provincial Resource Development Agree- ment. Indian Delegates. Indians attended District meetings held under the Agreement and are now taking an active part in the planning of projects under the Agreement. Fur. From beaver population surveys in the Patricia Districts, annual estimates of population changes and distributions were related to food supplies, water and weather condi- tions, and diseases. Trappers from James Bay were assisted in establishing trapping areas in central Ontario. 31 Statistics of the Fishing Industry in the Public Waters of Ontario for the Year Ending December 31, 1969 COMMERCIAL FISHING EQUIPMENT Lake Ontario Lake Erie Lake St Clair Lake Huron Georgian Bay NUMBER OF MEN EMPLOYED: 277 577 60 123 106 FISHING BOATS: 40' and over No. ... Tons Value ($) 4 50 24,000 131 3,211 2,762,760 29 616 456,822 17 246 174,868 20' to 39' No. ... Value ($) 56 97,275 54 223,165 16 45,30) 13 57,300 31 85,900 Under 20' No. ... Value ($) 207 66,983 74 22,501 50 28,250 14 1 1 ,070 50 20,245 FISHING GEAR: Gill Nets Yards ... Value ($) 926,428 226,078 4,084,237 1,489,167 989,740 309,009 755,165 196,025 Pounds Nets No. ... Value ($) 1 200 215 96,000 473 173,050 14 13,200 25 16,300 Trap Nets No. ... Value ($) 32 9,550 210 130,800 - 142 120,843 7 8,450 Hoop Nets No. ... Value (S 848 ~:',275 82 7,090 — — Seine Nets Yards ... Value ($) 2,740 5,490 8,850 31,325 3,700 7,550 - 100 50 N ight Lines Hooks . Valuers 30,100 3,770 8,602 2,125 26.100 4.^40 100 100 1,800 450 Dip Nets No. ... Value (S) 2 50 - - - Trolling Lines No. ... Value ($) 18 743 - Trawls No. ... Value ($ — 113 113,610 — 1 800 SHORE INSTALLATIONS: Freezers and Ice Houses No. ... Value ($ 21 15,100 20 367,750 17 2 1 ,"00 15 92,200 37 111,325 Piers and Wharves No. ... Value ($ 39 14.155 47 73,257 1" 13.550 1 1 10,700 49 42,650 Net Sheds No. ... Value ($ 123 88,265 132 515,076 28 59,200 37 121,700 54 101,700 TOTAL VALUE $ 628,934 S 5,834,626 J 353.340 S 1,193,744 $ 757,963 32 North Channel Lake Superior Northern Inland Southern Inland Totals 35 13- 534 110 1,'^59 5 70 45,500 14 262 188,000 79 74,332 - 207 4,534 3,726.282 9 19,250 40 89,100 121.515 4 2.460 295 -41.265 24 5.4-5 -1 33,210 320 183,35- 85 14.515 895 385,606 161,-80 3-.54O 624,89- 1-6.082 853.900 263.886 22.-00 8.800 8,418,847 2,706,587 12 -.500 8 9.245 42 30.225 790 345,720 10 4,500 6 2.450 -1 49,032 1 250 479 325,875 - - 1 14 10.575 696 46.412 1,740 141,352 - - — 1.-9- 3.913 1-.187 48.328 — — 750 22 2,800 470 70,252 1 1 ,677 1 5 3 35 6 90 - - - - 18 -43 5 6,500 119 120,910 lb 14,050 45 11 -.050 22i 171,855 8 3.575 402 914.605 13 -,aio 45 28,300 146 61,18- 15 2.833 382 253,632 18 14,-50 66 55,620 150 81,622 20 13,860 628 1,051,793 s 155,5-0 s -05,55- $ 1 ,047,608 $ 97,123 $10,774,465 Lake Surx'eys. Intensive and short-term surveys of lak&s, to assess the potential for commercial fisheries, and also to investigate the potentials for sport fishing, are carried out annually. Commercial Fish Management. Commercial fishermen were instructed in netting, cleaning and packing of fish in a proj- ect expected to improve substantially the quality of the product and its marketability. Advice was also given on camp sanitation, care of equipment, and bookkeeping methods. The use of trap nets of a special type was demon- strated to Indian fishermen on Lake of the Woods. Tourism. Northern areas have been investigated for future tourist development, and, where feasible, Indians have been assisted in setting up and operating a tourist industry. Goose camps are in operation on Hudson and James Bays at Fort Severn. Winisk, Attawapiskat, Kapiskau River, Fort Albany and Tidewater. The local inhabitants realized $62,000 from these camps in the fall of 1969. Hide Collection. Moose and deer hides were collected throughout the Province and distributed to Indian Bands for handicraft work or personal use. In addition, in timber management work, much of the Department's tree planting on Crown lands in the north is done by Indian Groups. An estimated $140,000 to $160,000 is expended annually for this purpose in the areas where Indians are likely to benefit. At the same time, to assist Indians in managing Reserve forests, the Department pro- vides technical advice that includes advice on reforestation, logging techniques and lumber production. Mr. joe Chookomolin, manager of a Cree fishing camp on the Sutton River near Hudson Bay, with a brook trout, locally regarded as average-size. Photo by I. C. Weir. 33 PARKS BRANCH feiw»4**is»*b.. -♦•»►■ ■■ *'*'■ Killarney Provincial Park. Parks Branch is divided into three sections with duties and responsibilities as follows. RECREATION PLANNING Long-range planning for parks and related public recrea- tion areas. PARK PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT Detailed Provincial Park master plans and control of all park development according to approved plans. PARK MANAGEMENT Establishment and control of standards of park operations; direction of park interpretive programs; establishment of a nature reserve program; management of operating revenues and expenditures; compilation of statistical data; and man- agement of a program of public access points to water, and a system of canoe routes, hiking trails and snowmobile trails. 34 CLASSES OF PARKS IN ONTARIO To meet the broad spectrum of present park requirements and to plan for the future, the Provincial Park system con- tains five different classes or types. Each offers different recreational experiences, and each provides varied facili- ties in keeping with the class purpose. • Class I, Primitive Parks are large areas of natural land- scape preserved for recreation, education and scientific observation. They are reserved from natural resource ex- ploitation and from major facility development such as serviced campgrounds. • Class II, Wild River Parks are significant rivers estab- lished for recreation, aesthetic or historic purposes. They are protected from the intrusion of incompatible land and water uses. • Class III, Natural Environment Parks, landscapes of out- standing aesthetic or historic significance, are established primarily for recreation and education. Other resource uses are permitted providing they do not conflict with recrea- tion. Facilities and services may be limited so as to interfere as little as possible with the environment. Zones further protect special areas. • Class IV, Recreation Parks are areas of intensive recrea- tional use in which the environment may be substantially modified to accommodate park users. There are two sub- classes to this class: (1) Recreation Areas, which are day- use oriented; and (2) Campgrounds which are camper oriented. These parks contain more fully-serviced facilities. • Class V, Nature Reserves are unique and representative natural areas established for scientific and educational uses. General public enjoyment is permitted if it is not detri- mental to the area. RECREATION PLANNING Work was initiated during 1968-69 on a significant new re- search and planning program, the Canada Outdoor Recrea- tion Demand Study (CORDS). This study, which is a co- operative project involving the 10 provincial park agencies and the Federal Government, aims at achieving a more complete understanding and measurement of outdoor recreation demands in Canada to guide investment and management planning, to identify and evaluate policy alter- natives, and to forecast recreational use of resources as it relates to alternative development proposals. During the summer of 1968, the Recreation Planning Section carried out an inventory of some 12,000 public and private outdoor recreation facilities in both urban and non- urban areas. The Conservation Authorities Branch of the Department of Energy and Resources Management co- operated in this project which is one of the basic inputs into the CORDS program. During 1969-70, the inventory TOTAL ANNUAL VISITORS 2,114,661 3,232,460 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 5,106,352 5,692,598 6,215,370 7,820,994 8,526,443 9,139,975 8,875,668 9,791,671 10,155,91 9,440,211 10,459,936 TOTAL ANNUAL CAMPERS Starting in 1963, the number of campers shown on renewal campsite permits were not included in the total camper statistics |165,055 1 277,183 479,069 592,103 862,559 1,063,127 840,491 916,281 902,476 994,787 1,155,091 1,119,912 IHHH 1,360,639 35 RECORD OF PARK USE AND PARK FACILITIES IN 97 PROVINCIAL PARKS Park District Park Classification CHAPLEAU Five Mile Lake Recreational Park Ivanhoe Lake Natural Environment Missinaibi Lake .... Natural Environment Wakami Lake Natural Environment COCHRANE Creenwater Natural Environment Kettle Lakes Recreational Park Polar Bear Primitive Park Tidewater Natural Environment FORT FRANCES Caliper Lake Recreational Park Lake of the Woods . . Natural Environment Quetico Natural Environment GERALDTON Blacksand Natural Environment Klotz Lake Recreational Park MacLeod Lake Recreational Park Neys Natural Environment Rainbow Falls Recreational Park KAPUSKASINC Nagagamisis Natural Environment Remi Lake Recreational Park KEMPTVILLE Fitzroy Recreational Park Rideau River Recreational Park Silver Lake Recreational Park South Nation Recreational Park KENORA Aaron Recreational Park Blue Lake Recreational Park Rushing River Recreational Park Sioux Narrows Recreational Park LAKESIMCOE Bass Lake Recreational Park Devil's Glen Recreational Park Earl Rowe Recreational Park Mara Recreational Park Sibbald Point Recreational Park Six Mile Lake Recreational Park Springwater Recreational Park Wasaga Beach Recreational Park Swimming Visitors Campers Camping Beaches 1968 1969 1968 1969 Units (Feet) 5,658 6,674 3,338 4,020 85 500 25,660 35,910 5,825 6,144 144 8,500 - 1,478 — 1,190 _ 200 — 11,487 — 1,324 48 12,000 20,465 15,327 3,034 4,095 52 600 34,593 46,236 4,569 6,962 130 4,000 20,442 34,597 30,794 23,461 54,515 45,588 29,118 22,146 14,230 9,161 26,332 42,026 42,077 56,892 68,250 75,771 17,792 8,367 42,565 45,862 101,726 118,951 170,315 190,811 85,765 72,067 36,728 37,814 47,006 47,202 32,293 26,194 110,423 88,836 38,227 22,392 109,421 210,198 58,210 49,438 235,595 351,768 58,009 49,351 274,184 294,462 100,964 142,672 71,143 67,386 830,149 947,941 7,146 9,046 2,580 3,570 9,651 9,399 4,703 5,016 2,834 3,173 4,861 6,908 13,110 16,378 21,118 24,595 2,591 2,252 4,157 5,374 10,100 17,943 8,650 13,223 9,633 22,254 2,837 3,979 9,928 10,631 9,292 8,866 22,540 26,309 4,415 5,810 22,025 20,758 2,496 3,978 23,342 40,231 9,995 9,511 27,374 36,266 16,059 20,641 24 93 100 135 68 33 54 204 194 80 80 255 185 194 28 70 175 165 78 153 40 545 100 725 180 200 300 1,500 805 5,250 150 4,240 5,280 300 3,000 1,500 660 1,587 650 400 2,750 650 150 350 2,000 550 2,000 700 39,000 36 Comfort Nature, Stations Picnic Museums, Hiking Boat Trailer (Flush Area Exhibit Trails Launch Sanitary Toilets) (Acres) Centres (Miles) Ramps Stations 15 - 5% X X 45 - SVi X X V/i X ■5 - 10 X 5 6 — 2 — 5 X 2 X 5 38 — 30 X 221/2 X 22 X 2'/2 — 8 _ 7 X 6 X 23 — 2 X 18 — 6 X 40 X 21'/2 X 130 - 15 X 63 X 262 data were tabulated and bound into a number of volumes which, in total, present a description of the supply of out- door recreation facilities for Ontario. During 1970-71, map- ping of these facilities will begin for the preparation of an outdoor recreation facilities atlas for the province. During the summer of 1969, under the auspices of CORDS, a Park Visitor Study was carried out, again in conjunction 4 _ l'/4 X X ^''^^ ^^^ Conservation Authorities Branch. Thirty-six pro- 7 _ 1 X X vincial parks were included in the sample. The study was _ _ _ X — extremely successful, and the keen interest of park visitors was reflected in the high rate of return (over 75 per cent) of self-administered questionnaires. The objective of the study was to gain insight into the locational, travel and socio- economic characteristics of the park-visitor, as well as their activity and use patterns. A great deal of information is now available in the form of tables describing the park visitor. The CORDS program is also closely integrated with the Tourism and Outdoor Recreation Plan (TORP) program now underway as a co-operative undertaking of several depart- j\^ 4 X X ments — Tourism and Information, Treasury and Economics, Municipal Affairs, Education, Highways, and Lands and Forests. The purpose of the TORP program is to provide the factual basis, and to formulate alternative plans, for the attainment of the social and economic goals defined in Design for Development insofar as they relate to tourism and outdoor recreation. The summer of 1969 also included a sample survey of boaters on the Trent-Severn Waterway carried out for the Department by students of Trent University. The objectives of the study were: to assess the demand for outdoor recrea- tional facilities on the waterway; to ascertain the charac- teristics of water-oriented recreationists; and to gain a more precise knowledge of the actual boat traffic in the Trent- Severn System. Interim analysis of the data, collected by means of oral interviews, has been limited to simple sum- maries and tabulations. A final report on more detailed analysis of the data is expected shortly. The results of this study are being used as part of the data base for the Canada- Ontario Rideau-Trent-Severn Study. In conjunction with the current master planning process in Algonquin Park, the Department commissioned an Eco- nomic Impact Study in 1969. The purpose was to discover X the economic contribution that recreation and the forest ~ industry made to the local and provincial economies. The X information will add to the understanding of the total role X of Algonquin Park in Ontario. This is part of a continuing series of studies covering all aspects of the park. - X X 1 X X 4 X X 9 X X - X X 2 X X 1 — X 2 X X _ X X V4 X X _ X X _ X X - X X - X — 1 X X X X % X X X X Vi M 2 X X --XX continued . During 1969-70, work continued on the assessment and evaluation of lands for future provincial park development, 37 RECORD OF PARK USE AND PARK FACILITIES IN 97 PROVINCIAL PARKS visitors Park District Park Classification 1968 1969 Campers 1968 19fi9 Swimmin Camping Beaches Units (Feel) 56 1,750 266 1,600 327 1,600 1,075 27,000 - 1,000 47 1,900 433 18,500 165 1,600 472 1,200 127 6,400 172 3,100 168 700 324 2,000 200 1,600 146 " 320 1,500 400 1,000 275 1,150 500 7,000 130 800 29 135 216 224 1,000 224 1,400 253 900 537 3,800 939 14,000 256 1,500 170 600 229 4,000 89 150 LAKE ERIE Holiday Beach Recreational Park Ipperwash Recreational Park )ohn E. Pearce Recreational Park Long Point Recreational Park Pinery Natural Environment Port Bruce Recreational Park Rock Point Recreational Park Rondeau Natural Environment Selkirk Recreational Park Turkey Point Natural Environment Wheatley Recreational Park LAKE HURON Craigleith Recreational Park Cyprus Lake Natural Environment Inverhuron Natural Environment Point Farms Recreational Park Sauble Falls Recreational Park LINDSAY Balsam Lake Recreational Park Darlington Recreational Park Emily Recreational Park Ferris Recreational Park Mark S. Burnham .... Recreational Park Presqu'lle Natural Environment Serpent Mounds .... Natural Environment NORTH BAY Antoine Recreational Park Finlayson Point Recreational Park Marten River Recreational Park Samuel deChamplain Natural Environment PARRY SOUND Arrowhead Recreational Park Grundy Lake Natural Environment Killbear Point Natural Environment Mikisew Recreational Park Oasller Lake Recreational Park Restoule Natural Environment Sturgeon Bay Recreational Park 92,087 277,329 147,701 352,143 246,698 500,303 194,881 842,853 37,372 512,313 33,805 249,949 66,462 47,127 506,257 49,270 297,811 79,588 42,561 173,820 80,696 130,394 74,090 16,876 122,071 119,431 142,113 69,797 109,006 149,072 99,727 148,602 109,336 12,433 238,946 175,188 12,342 276,791 148,323 9,864 36,244 43,047 59,666 8,885 57,293 67,577 53,938 57,562 170,454 306,967 43,215 196,370 41,466 65,111 62,046 175,549 308,733 54,610 153,279 24,365 34,822 2,631 2,788 19,413 19,310 20,325 27,581 72,821 123,725 4,186 5,158 36,406 32,706 2,529 5,463 10,191 1 3,049 6,573 7,968 11,028 23,406 - 5,212 13,122 25,855 6,490 12,754 11,434 20,614 17,944 19,740 20,637 26,425 14,863 16,417 30,929 33,925 16,476 18,491 1,354 769 7,334 8,222 11,167 11,306 8,413 10,026 12,023 11,149 43,759 31,907 55,174 40,438 13,415 8,568 21,213 17,831 1 1,109 5,316 9,896 7,622 38 Comtort Nature. Stations Picnic Museums, Hiking Boat Trailer (Flush Area Exhibit Trails Launch Sanitarv Toilets) (Acres) Centres (Miles) Ramps Stations 83 8 2 16 20 4'/2 15 40 12 29 33 12 4 19V2 10 25 120 25 20 4 110 30 13 4 '72 46 15 1 8 30 10 2 EC M EC EC M M EC EC 13% 10 9'/4 2 4'/2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X and a number of new park reserve areas were established through land acquisition and the setting aside of Crown lands. Particular emphasis is given to the provision of a broad spectrum of park types as conceived under the 1967 Ontario provincial park classification and park land zoning policy. The goals, development and management guide- lines, and activities, for each area, are expressed through the preparation of detailed park master plans. PARK PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT Master-planning continued In six provincial parks. The ex- perience gained from the public hearings and briefs sub- mitted on The Provisional Master Plan for Algonquin Park has Indicated the need for much deeper study and more detailed information on which to base future master plans. Site planning was done for sixty parks and park areas. Plans for six new park entrances were completed, and one was built. The program of upgrading park entrances Is continu- ing. Development appropriations of $3,500,000 were allo- cated for Individual projects In 107 operating parks ana park reserves. Development again was pointed toward up- grading existing facilities, particularly water supplies and sanitation facilities in operating parks. The installation of trailer electrical outlets was Initiated in twelve operating parks. Designs and plans were developed for three new park buildings. Kettle Lakes Provincial Park. Photo by L Walton. ft r SK^Sofli h '•■■•J- F- --'* 5^. ;^,^^::^U [J!><|i>|gTCpWj| ' ... 0m^ny^ ' continued . 39 RECORD OF PARK USE AND PARK FACILITIES IN 97 PROVINCIAL PARKS Park District Park Classification Visitors 1968 1969 Campe 1968 rs 1969 Camping Units Swimming Beaches (Feet) 632,823 8,860 10,367 6,969 658,785 8,399 5,642 9,431 115,579 1,308 3,302 6,818 93,991 5,690 5.158 6,418 1,395 58 47 98 3,900 1,000 150 4,000 21,950 27,577 124,201 19,669 32,266 124,051 3,180 23,860 3,949 28,959 80 278 8,100 1,800 10,800 1,880 6,235 6,927 4,272 1,239 1,143 1,828 1,376 72 59 300 5,300 64,756 57,948 45,524 71,544 58,819 70,048 58,065 73,483 11,763 5,545 3,143 2,582 16,008 1 1 ,025 5,307 6,390 92 132 125 76 550 1,300 600 5,000 20,261 27,684 27,147 30,411 3,536 3,647 4,336 4,163 136 64 1,200 25,670 252,125 35,426 45,885 61,767 274,715 15,895 55,135 6,794 21,831 3,166 3,977 14,822 32,742 4,443 17,136 60 140 20 195 100 1,800 2,000 54,089 134,769 61,495 138,991 8,545 17,767 12,988 25,665 200 400 500 2,300 29,639 46,477 379,271 45,009 26,675 68,332 315,761 58,299 2,805 27,363 6,867 1 ,643 28,304 60 482 1,000 4,000 10,900 26,400 147,699 15,300 79,429 I 1 1 ,684 21,884 74,992 35,727 10,177 14,057 43,260 11,566 23,018 355 85 225 13,200 '1,600 3,600 PEMBROKE Algonquin Natural Environment Bonnechere Recreational Park Carson Lake Recreational Park Drittwood Recreational Park SAULTSTE. MARIE Batchawana Recreational Park Mississagi Natural Environment Pancake Bay Recreational Park SIOUX LOOKOUT Ojibway Recreational Park Pakwash Recreational Park SUDBURY Chutes Recreational Park Fairbank Recreational Park Ki Harney Natural Environment Windy Lake Recreational Park SWASTIKA Esker Lakes Natural Environment Kap-Kig-lwan Natural Environment THUNDER BAY Inwood Recreational Park Kakabeka Falls Natural Environment Middle Falls Recreational Park Sibley Natural Environment TWEED Black Lake Recreational Park Bon Echo Natural Environment Lakeon the Mountain Recreational Park Lake St. Peter Recreational Park North Beach Recreational Park Outlet Beach Natural Environment Sandbanks Natural Environment WHITE RIVER Lake Superior Natural Environment Obatanga Natural Environment White Lake Recreational Park PROVINCIAL TOTALS 9,440.211 10.459.936 1,1 19,912 1,360.639 18.039 320,638 40 PARK MANAGEMENT Comfort Nature Stations Picnic Museums, Hiking Boat Trailer (Flush Area Exhibit Trails Launch Sanitary Toilets) (Acres) Centres (Miles) Ramps Stations 10 - 1 - X 12 - 1 X X 2 - 7 X X 100 - - X X Ninety-seven Provincial Parks were in operation during the 1969 park season. This included Cyprus Lake Provincial Park, in operation for its first season. This Natural Environment park contains 1,149 acres situated on the northeast coast of M the Bruce Peninsula, about six miles southeast of Tober- 7 EC 27 X X mory. It contains the spectacular cliffs and vistas of the 1 ~ ~ X X Georgian Bay coast, made available to visitors from a sec- \ — — X X tion of the Bruce Trail, as well as inland lakes, forests and ^ — — X X bogs. A considerable increase in park use was experienced in IQ _ _ _ _ the 1969 camping season. The number of visitors increased Q}/^ _ |i, y^ X by 10.8 per cent, while the number of campers leaped by 81/2 _ _ _ X 21.4 per cent from that of 1968. This shows an obvious re- covering from the previous year's slump of seven per cent in day-use and three per cent in campers, for a substantial 7 — 2 X X net gain this year. INTERPRETIVE SERVICES Interpretation of natural and cultural resources to visitors in Provincial Parks is gradually developing into a program of services which is outstanding among comparable North American park systems. The interpretive goals are to trans- mit information about the environment, primarily to park visitors, and thereby to motivate wise use of resources, 35 £(3 5 X X stimulate appreciation of park facilities, and enhance the 30 EC 4 — X visitors' recreational experience. Since 1944, when the interpretive program was begun, the annual number of interpretive contacts made with the public has increased to three-quarters of a million indivi- dual messages. This spectacular growth has thus been more rapid than the growth in total annual visits to the parks. However, as increasing numbers of outdoor recreationists come from city centres, they require additional informa- ^ IQ _ _ j^ X tional-educational services for their proper orientation to X 35 _ 4 X X P^'"'^ facilities and their enjoyment of the outdoors. X 4 _ _ _ _ Moreover, in serving sheer masses of recreationists, the _ 5 _ 2 X X Department must seek public participation in protecting _ gQ _ _ X — the public trust; and interpretive messages have proven to X 200 — — X X t»e an important means of tackling conservation problems _ 40 — — — — such as wilderness littering, overcrowding, and vandalism. By interpretive services, increased protection has been won for fragile components of the park environments, and cur- ~ 43 EC 5 - X rent projects are helping to combat abuse of wild flowers ~ '0 - 1'4 X X and threatened faunal species. X 8 — '/2 X X Important program additions in 1968 include the develop- ment of an audio-visual program on wilderness camping behaviour for presentation at Quetico and Algonquin Parks. This film has been directly related to a substantial decline in interior littering in both parks. 2 - - - X X 32 - 3'/2 - X X 6 - - - - - 25 - 15'/2 X X 2,343'2 I72'2 41 Services were expanded in Parry Sound Forest District with the appointment of a planner-naturalist to the park staff; and seasonal staff members participated with per- manent interpretive naturalists in a five-day training session intended to upgrade Interpretive skills. Research data was gathered in an ambitious program of environmental analysis for both parks facility planning and interpretive messages. Beside an intensive, broadly-based data collection program expanded for Algonquin Park, his- torical and archaelogical material was researched at each of the following parks and reserves: Lake Superior, Mattawa River, Samuel de Champlain, Fort La Cloche, Methodist Point, Sibbald Point, Peterborough-Petroglyphs, Darlington, and Polar Bear. NATURE RESERVES Nature reserves are Class V parks as described under the Park Classification System (1967), or they may be zones within other classes of park. These designated reserves will be living museums, encompassing both unique and repre- sentative segments of our flora, fauna, geology and physio- graphy. Nature reserves serve an important role in research and education when such use does not damage the values the reserve was established to protect. To assist the Branch in this program, there is an advisory committee to the Minister, consisting of experts in all fields of the natural sciences and representing naturalists in the public sector. This committee is working with the Branch to establish an outline of a system of nature re- serves, an indication of the broad fields of interest and study which should be represented. They also concern themselves with recommending specific areas which should be estab- lished. A start was made, in the summer of 1969, on the natural surveys of park areas with an ecologist spending the sum- mer investigating, identifying, and reporting on potential Natural and Primitive Zones in Algonquin Park, thus con- tributing to the data necessary for the planning of that park. SNOWMOBILE TRAILS Ontario Provincial Parks were made available, where pos- sible, for snowmobiling during the winter of 1969-70. It was necessary to prohibit or restrict the use of snowmobiles in certain parks to protect the wilderness environment, deer wintering areas, or fragile ecological, geological and his- toric areas within these parks. Damage to landscape and dune stabilizing plantings, young forest growth and lawns was reported in some parks, particularly in southern Ontario, due to insufficient snow cover or heavy use. Damage was also incurred when snowmobiles entered prohibited zones including nature trails and other areas of fragile ground cover. Snowmobiles were prohibited in Sandbanks, Serpent Mounds, Killbear and Springwater Provincial Parks. Snowmobiles were restricted in: 1. Algonquin Provincial Park — to travel only on Canoe, Cache, Bonita, South Tea and Smoke Lakes. 2. Lake Superior Provincial Park — to travel only on the Midjin Lake road and Midjin, Magwon, Almonte, Wabigoon and Mirimake Lakes. 3. Quetico Provincial Park — to travel only on those lakes forming the north and south boundaries of the park. Specific trails for snowmobiling were marked out in a number of parks in central and southern Ontario. In addi- tion, the cross-country trails in the Coldwater and Parry Sound areas received increased use. ACCESS POINTS During 1969, maintenance and improvements were carried out on 500 public access points across the province. These facilities are intended to supplement the provincial park system in providing access to a greater number of our major waterways and include boat launching ramps, vehicle park- ing areas, toilets and garbage receptacles. No overnight camping or prolonged boat dockage is permitted at these locations which are serviced regularly throughout the sum- mer season. Improvements, completed on 230 separate sites in 1969, included the construction of 59 boat ramps, 24 loading docks and 39 toilets. Protection of our total environment is a major consideration in the development and maintenance of access points. These maintenance crews collect garbage wherever it is encountered on Crown lands. CANOE ROUTES The program of documenting, mapping and improving of portages on major canoe routes across the province was continued in 1969. A considerable number of detailed route descriptions are now available for both northern and cen- tral Ontario. HIKING TRAILS The existing hiking trails established on Crown lands are receiving an increasing amount of public use, and addi- tional trails are in the planning stage. Three overnight trail shelters were constructed along the Bruce Trail on the Niagara Escarpment. A number of trails, with picnic stops and toilets, were developed on Agreement Forest areas. 42 FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH Turbo Beaver dropping fire retardant. Forest Protection Branch is divided into three sections with duties and responsibilities as follows. FOREST PROTECTION Forest Fire Control: Administration of The Forest Fires Prevention Act; organization of fire districts and the fire warden system; supervision of fire control planning and preparedness; fire prevention programs including a system of travel, fire and work permits; co-operative fire preven- tion and control agreements with municipalities, railways, forest industries and other agencies; detection of forest fires, and fire danger warnings; training of staff and co- operators in fire control techniques; prescribed burning; co- ordination of fire suppression; and movement of resources and emergency arrangements. Forest Pest Control: Prevention and control of damage by insects, diseases and other pests affecting forests under Department management; and advisory services. Communications: Planning, installation and operation of radio, telephone and teletype services for fire control and other Department requirements; and construction of spe- cialized communication equipment. AIR SERVICE Operation of a fleet of aircraft to meet flying requirements of the Department and special needs of other Government Departments; selection and training of pilots and air en- gineers; deployment of aircraft and crews; establishment of airbases, fuel distribution and caches; selection of aircraft equipment and development of special equipment; leasing and disposition of helicopters and other aircraft; checking pilot proficiency; and maintenance of aircraft. ENGINEERING SERVICES Planning mechanical equipment programs, budgetting for new and replacement equipment, standards for operation and maintenance of mechanical equipment, and vehicle fleet management; design, construction and maintenance of dams, docks, and other hydraulic structures, channel improvement, and dredging; co-ordination and planning of capital work program and maintenance of facilities; and sign program. 43 FOREST PROTECTION SECTION FOREST FIRE CONTROL The 1969 fire season followed the two relatively light 1967 and 1968 seasons. Review of the statistics show that the 1969 season ranks fifth in the least number of fires since the inception of formal record keeping in 1917. The second lowest, total acreage burned and second lowest, average fire size were also recorded for the season. Rain occurred more often and in greater amounts than normal throughout the provincial fire district. Fire danger ratings did not reach high and extreme readings for ex- tended periods. The over-all result was that fires which did occur did not spread rapidly and, with very few exceptions, did not present any control problems. Problem fires oc- curred in the Northwestern Region during the last week in May during one of the few periods when burning indices were high to extreme. FOREST FIRE CAUSES AND OCCURRENCE A total of 901 fires burned 6,134 acres during 1969. This is the least number of fires since 1954. The acres-burned total is the lowest since 1959. Damages were correspondingly low. People were responsible for 78 per cent of the fire starts. These fires burned 30 per cent of the total acreage. Lightning accounted for 22 per cent of the fire ignitions, burning 70 per cent of the total acreage. These figures compare with the historic average of 80 per cent of the fires in Ontario being caused by human carelessness. The peak occurrence period was the months of April and May during which 39 per cent of the fires occurred. During this period, 90 per cent of the total acreage was burned. The occurrence and acres-burned are well below the 10-year average of 1,326 fires and 139,621 acres. The 1969 figures are also well below the previous five-year average of 1,342 fires and 22,683 acres. FOREST FIRE CONTROL OPERATIONS Detection. The evaluation of detection systems continued in the fire districts. Seven forest districts used aircraft as the primary means of detection supplemented by towers in high-value areas requiring constant surveillance. This system has proven effective In the study areas. A portable fire tower was purchased, and evaluation of this equipment for detection in high-value or risk areas was begun. Further testing will be carried out during the 1970 season. Suppression. The fire control philosophy of early detection and fast, hard hitting initial attack aided by the poor burn- ing conditions, produced a provincial, average fire size of 6.8 acres. This average is considerably less than the pre- vious 10-year average of 10.8 acres. Only two fires reached a final size of more than 500 acres. Approximately 54 per cent of the fires were extinguished at less than one-quarter acre in size. The basic Lands and Forests suppression force is 120 five-, or seven-man-unit crews supported by thirty-eight fire bombing aircraft. This force took initial action on 641 fires this season. Municipal groups, organized under the fire warden system, handled 119 fires. The general public took initial action on 128 fires with the remaining 13 taken care of by timber licensees or other agencies. Fire bombing aircraft were successful on many fires. They provided the initial attack on 61 fires and supported the action of ground crews on a great proportion of the fires. The initial attack capability of these aircraft make it pos- sible to effectively hold a fire until ground crews can begin to work on the fi.re edge. FIRE CONTROLTRAINING Fire Suppression Course I was held on a Regional level again this year. Sixty-three personnel successfully completed the course this year, bringing the total number of graduates to 444 since 1962 when this course was first offered. Fire Suppression Course 2, a course in advanced fire be- havior, organization and management, was organized and presented to senior fire control personnel in the Province. A total of thirty-three people, consisting of forest protec- tion supervisors, fire control officers, chief rangers and head office operating personnel, successfully completed the course. Plans are being made to expose more fire control personnel to the course next year. The portable fire simulator, designed and built by Lands and Forests staff, was introduced to the personnel attending Fire Suppression Course 2. Four programs were presented to the candidates in the first use of this training aid for course work. Arrangements are being made to acquire two more portable simulators and continue the development of the present one during the 1970-71 fiscal year. Staff attended courses in the United States in fire man- agement, and one man attended a three-week course in air- craft management in fire control sponsored by the United States Forest Service. 44 FOREST FIRES BY CAUSES, 1969 General Caust Fires Acres Lightning Industrial— Logging Industrial— Other . . Recreation Railway Resident Incendiary Miscellaneous .... Unknown TOTAL Sources ot Ignition 202 4,278 7 10 21 28 256 233 78 522 128 515 9 56 191 473 9 19 901 Lightning Smoking Material Camp Fires Grass Burn Rubbish Burning Unknown Matches Brush Burn Garbage Dump Burn Right-of-way Burning Brake shoe Diesel Locomotive Fusee Tie Burning Structural Fire Power Line (Short Circuit) . . . Sparks from chimney Fireworks Power Saw Mechanical Equipment Spark from Burner Burning Bulldozed Piles Explosives Dumped Live Coals or Ashes Miscellaneous (known) Prescribed Burning TOTAL 6,134 Fires 202 212 139 32 31 27 65 23 24 6 34 21 8 I 14 13 1 18 3 7 1 1 1 3 13 1 901 FIRE PREVENTION Several forest districts in the province combined resources to present information on fire conditions and danger to the public over C.B.C. television stations fronri Winnipeg, Tim- mins and Barrle. The radio and press media were used to convey any local forest fire information of interest to resi- dents in their coverage area. Investigation of a different type of prevention poster, using symbolic representation, was undertaken. New ideas Responsible Croups Fires Lightning 202 Fisherman 118 Children 85 Car Passenger 79 Unknown 43 Berry Picker 23 Camper 30 Resident Rural 53 Hunter 15 Farmer 14 Private Cottager 33 Hiker 27 Resident Urban 8 Other Industrial Employee 4 R. R. Section Crew 6 R. R. Train Crew 63 R.R. Work Crew 5 Canoeist 10 Picnicker 10 Train Passenger 1 Indian (on reserve) 7 Woods Industry Employee 5 Land Survey Party 1 Trapper 4 Prospector 1 Mining Employee 2 Hydro Employee 5 Highway or Road Employee 4 Municipal Employee 2 Military I Miscellaneous 34 L & F Employee 2 Federal Govt. Employee 1 Youth Groups 3 TOTAL 90 1 45 for prevention work were solicited from field staff, and the result of both of these undertakings should be available for partial use during the 1970 fire season. The four-minute C.B.C. radio program on Lands and Forests activities, broadcast on their northern network, pro- vided a medium to advise the public in that area of the provincial fire picture and the forecasted fire danger index. Legislation, establishing restricted fire zones, was en- forced on a seasonal basis in the Wawa fume-damaged area of White River Forest District. During one of the rare, high fire danger periods, a restricted fire zone was imposed in Fort Frances Forest District for a period of one week. DEVELOPMENT WORK Retardant Chemicals. The planned operational evaluation of the aerial delivery of fire retardant chemicals was affected by the light fire season. Work progressed on the mixing and storage of these chemicals for delivery by Department float-equipped fire bombing aircraft, and evaluation drops were made on test fires with satisfactory results. Further operational studies will continue during the 1970 season. Field tests also proved the usefulness of long-term re- tardants delivered from ground tankers. FOREST FIRES BY MONTH, 1969 FOREST FIRES BY DISTRICTS, 1969 Forest Di^lni I Firu A( ri Sioux Lookout Kenora Fort Frances. . . . Port Arthur Geraldton Kapuskasing .. Cochrane Swastika White River Chapleau Sault Sle Mane Sudbury North Bay Parry Sound . . . . Pembroke . . . . Tweed Kemptville .... Lindsay Lake FHuron Lake Simcoe . . TOTAL 24 53 57 1«1 29 (il6 58 3,080 30 235 16 24 13 49 27 51 25 22 29 10 59 10! 62 744 58 276 83 136 64 328 81 167 13 10 54 43 6 48 13 9 Monlh Firp' April May lune luly August .... September October .. November TOTAL .... 901 FOREST FIRES BY SIZE, 19b9 Size Acres 128 946 219 4,727 84 139 142 60 227 170 82 74 18 18 6, 1 34 Fires '4 Acre and urider 474 Over 'm acre to 10 acres 383 Over 10 acres to 100 acres 36 Over 100 acres to 500 acres 6 Over 500 acres 7 TOTAL qn 1 FOREST FIRES BY MEANS OF DETECTION, 1969 Mivms ol Detetlion Fires 901 6, 1 U Lands and Forests Fire Tower 188 Lands and Forests Aircraft 96 Commercial Aircraft 27 Private Aircraft 9 Lands and Forests Personnel 48 Other Provincial Government Employee 44 Outside Agency Fire Tower 2 Other Public 487 TOTAL Wl 46 Southern Ontario Forest Fire Hazard Study. An investiga- tion of the changes in the forest fire hazard, in the portion of the province south of the provincial fire district, was undertaken. The result was a report and a documented set of slides on the potential fire hazard in the southern part of Ontario. Canadian Fire Weather Index. A new index to measure fire danger has been de\eloped by the federal Department of Fisheries and Forestry. Ontario took part in the field evalua- tion of this new system by calculating and recording the fire weather stations throughout the pro\ince for the 1969 fire season. Reaction to the new system was favorable, although fire occurrence during the summer was light and no real opportunity to evaluate fire behavior under the new index values existed. PRESCRIBED BURNING Consistent with the expanding prescribed burning program in the province over the past few years, seven districts car- ried out prescribed burns this year. A total of 5,933 acres were burned by prescribed fires for silvicultural treatment and slash hazard reduction. GENERAL Nozzle crew competitions were held on a regional basis for the first time this year. The purpose of the competitions is to maintain a high level of proficiency in preparedness and fire line construction and to encourage a team spirit among the fire fighters of the Department. The regional winners were: Northwestern Region — Kenora District Northeastern Region — Swastika District Southern Region — Tweed District. FOREST PEST CONTROL SURVEYS Outbreaks of the spruce budworm, the most destructive forest insect in Canada, occur periodically, and over the past two or three years there have been indications of a general upswing in populations throughout eastern Canada. In Ontario, this has been evident west of the lakehead in Thunder Bay Forest District, at several locations throughout northeastern Ontario, and down the Ottawa Valley. ST.ATE\1E\T OF FIRE DAMAGE, 1969 Forest DIslrict Mer- Forest Immature Non Forest Total chantable Losses Losses Losses Losses Cu rt 5 s $ s 1 1 ,780 670 670 4,420 197 338 265 800 %7,000 44,700 75 1,255 46,030 426,979 53,325 18,875 379 72,579 43,605 1,279 852 499 2,630 - — — 180 180 _ _ 50 _ 50 4,265 92 212 592 896 — - 12 — 12 — — 40 290 330 11,306 535 5,675 847 7,057 - — 25 — 25 — — 118 — 118 65,200 285 2,402 232 2,919 300 22 12 27 61 — 2 65 — 67 — — 200 57 257 Sioux Lookout Kenora Fort Frances Port Arthur 1 .426,979 Geraldton Kapuskasing Cochrane Swastika V\ hite Ri\ er Chapleau Sault Ste Marie Sudbury North Ba> Parry Sound Pembroke Tweed Kemptville Lindsas Lake Huron — Lake Simcoe — TOT AL 2,5 :i4,855 75 75 101.10" i'rl.OJh 4,623 134, "5b 47 In northwestern Ontario, as reported last year, the area sprayed in 1968 had a surviving population of budworm in the core area near Burchell Lake, and at French Lake in the northeast corner of Fort Frances Forest District. These areas were re-sprayed in 1969 (see section on control). In addi- tion, a new area of infestation of about 4,000 acres was dis- covered south of Northern Light Lake near the Minnesota border. It is believed that this new infestation may be asso- ciated with the widespread infestation in Minnesota. In northeastern Ontario, the rpost important of many widely scattered infested areas was a block of almost 2,000 square miles, north and northeast of the Town of Chapleau. Because there was not any hope of justifying aerial spraying to prevent the development of infestations throughout the vast area of northeastern Ontario, largely because of the cost/benefit relationships resulting from low over-all balsam and white spruce values, the area is being studied from the standpoint of future spraying to keep strategic areas of trees alive and green. Some selective spraying may be necessary in 1970 to prevent serious damage to valuable stands which will have had three years of feeding by the budworm. Fore- casts are for expanded and intensified infestations in 1970. In southeastern Ontario, the spruce budworm caused noticeable defoliation of white spruce and balsam trees throughout many areas of the Ottawa Valley, in total almost 1,200 square miles. One of the areas infested is a portion of the Larose Forest, southeast of Ottawa, containing several hundred acres of valuable white spruce stands. Because of the extent of defoliation already present, this area is being studied for possible spraying in 1970. Epidemics of the jack-pine budworm occur frequently in northwestern Ontario, but fortunately the insect has not had a history of causing serious damage to commercial stands of jack pine in that area. In 1969, the current infesta- tion in the northwest declined to an insignificant level. In- festations in the east are much less frequent, but the current epidemic in central and eastern Ontario is perhaps the most severe on record. In view of forecasts for continuing high populations during 1969, some spraying was necessary to avoid serious damage and mortality of jack-pine stands. Except in the areas sprayed, continuing high populations are forecast for 1970, particularly in the French River-Lake Nipissing area, and in the Lake Traverse area of Pembroke Forest District. The forest tent caterpillar continued to defoliate stands of poplars west and north of the Town of Fort Frances, covering an area of more than 400 square miles. The infesta- tion along the southern portion of Sault Ste. Marie Forest District declined to an area of 200 square miles, and this in- festation is expected to die-out in 1970. The European pine sawfly did not add significantly to the main body of its range in southern Ontario, the eastern boundary being a line roughly from Midland to Kingston. The insect also occurs on Manitoulin Island, and on orna- mental plantings in the Cities of Sault Ste. Marie, North Bay and Ottawa. The saddled prominent is a native insect which in the past has rarely occurred in serious outbreaks in Ontario. The current series of outbreaks in sugar maple stands in many areas of southern Ontario, the most severe on record here, were described in some detail in last year's report. For the most part, infestations in Lake Huron Forest District declined, and remained about the same in Lake Simcoe Forest District, while new small infestations appeared in the southern part of Lindsay Forest District, and the large in- festation (900 square miles) in Parry Sound Forest District spread westward and northward but declined along the eastern boundary. This insect is subject to effective natural enemies, including parasites, diseases and predators, and therefore outbreaks usually do not persist for more than two or three years in any locality. The Dutch elm disease, as noted last year, is now well established as far north as Sudbury and Sault Ste. Marie, and further spread northward, where elm trees are widely scat- tered in the forest, will be slow. Consequently, there was no significant change in the geographic range of Dutch elm disease in 1969, but where it does occur the trees were killed at an accelerated rate. During 1969, there was no change in the status of two relatively new disease problems — the annosus root rot and the scleroderris canker. Extensive damage of an uncommon type occurred in late August when a wind storm caused a massive blowdown north of the Town of Hearst. The blowdown swath was 10 miles wide and about 65 miles long. Progress is being made in salvaging the timber. CONTROL OPERATIONS As mentioned in the 1968 report, a residual population of spruce budworm remained in the core area of the large Burchell Lake - Shebandowan outbreak sprayed in June, 1968. In 1969, a block of 22,000 acres was sprayed with feni- trothion, about 8,400 acres of which received two applica- tions, each at 5.7 oz. per acre, and the remainder received one application. The 5,000-acre infestation at French Lake was also sprayed twice at the 5.7 oz. rate. The sprays were fully effective in bringing the persistent infestations under 48 control, and no defoliation in these areas is forecast for 1970. Spraying, to control the jack-pine budworm in valuable stands, was conducted in two locations in Sault Ste. Marie Forest District, one of 2,000 acres of mixed red and jack pine plantations in the Kirkwood Management Unit, and one involving 2,000 acres of natural jack pine stands at Mount Lake. A single application of fenitrothion was ap- plied at 4.3 oz. per acre. The Department also assisted in the spraying operations against the jack pine budworm on the Petawawa Forest Experiment Station and on the Cana- dian Forces Base (Petawawa). The regular program to control the white pine weevil continued in 1969, with approximately 4,600 acres being treated with aerial and ground spraying equipment, and by hand-clipping and burning infested leading shoots. When spraying is conducted, the insecticide used at present is methoxychlor. Almost 9,000 acres of pine and spruce plantations were sprayed for control of sawflies, principally the red-headed pine sawfly, the European pine sawfly, the jack pine sawfly and the yellow-headed spruce sawfly. For many years, the Department has used, and has en- couraged private growers to use, a special virus disease to control the European pine sawfly in situations where this biological control agent can be used efficiently. To date, the Department has been the principal source of supply of the virus, and in 1969 a special effort was made to build up reserves through collecting the material in the field. Suffi- cient virus was collected to spray 2,000 acres. About 500 acres of sod-covered sites were treated for control of white grubs at time of tree planting, and 600 acres of similar sites were treated for control of mice where these pests threatened the survival of young plantations. The major tree-killing disease in the forests of Ontario is the blister rust of white pine. A substantial disease-control program has been in progress for several years in specific areas managed for production of white pine. The disease is controlled by using the herbicide 2,4, 5-T as a spot spray to kill the other plants (wild currants and gooseberries) neces- sary in the disease's life cycle. In 1969, about 9,500 acres of high-value young white pine stands were protected against the rust in parts of the Sault Ste. Marie, North Bay, Pem- broke, Lindsay, Tweed and Kemptville Forest Districts. The entrance of annosus root rot into southern Ontario plantations is prevented by the application of sodium nitrite to the freshly cut surface of stumps during thinning opera- tions. In 1969, some 1,800 acres were treated in this way. COMMUNICATIONS The Department's program of change-over, from A.M. to S.S.B. (Single Side Band) High Frequency communications, progressed to the point where all District Office radio sta- tions using H.F. are equipped. Fourteen transceivers in the power range 100-150 watts P.E.P. (Peak Envelope Power) are in operation. Additionally, a 1000-watt P.E.P. S.S.B. transmitter and associated receivers (6) installation is in operation on an evaluation basis at the Control Radio Sta- tion at Maple. S.S.B. installations were effected in several more of the Department's Turbo Beaver aircraft and, by spring of 1971, all 28 machines will be fitted with 10- channel, 100-watt P.E.P. equipment. V.H.F. "problem area" coverage was greatly improved in the Kapuskasing, Cochrane and Geraldton districts by in- stallations of 270-290 foot towers at all points and the use of collinear antenna arrays. A new headquarters installation was made at Terrace Bay using a 270-foot tower and a col- linear antenna system. V.H.F. radio-telephones were in- stalled at two new Provincial Parks near the Ontario/Quebec border and two more installations made at new offices in Simcoe and Fonthill in southern Ontario. Major expenditures included 73 V.H.F. mobile radio- telephones with power outputs of three to 50 watts for use by all services, five Biotelemetry receivers for use by Fish and Wildlife Branch, and the radio equipment for use with an experimental, remote weather reporting system. Fire in the forest. Photo by T. Jenkins. 49 AIR SERVICE SECTION During 1969-70 the aircraft replacement program included the purchase of a Series 300 Twin Otter water bomber and replacement of the Series 100 Twin Otter Business machine with a new Series 300 Twin Otter with greater speed, pay load and range capabilities. The Section currently maintains a fleet of 40 aircraft, operated out of 26 bases, to meet flying requirements of the Department and special needs of other Government de- partments. The Beechcraft Duke and one Turbo Beaver were equip- HOURS FLOWN ON VARIOUS PHASES OF FLYl ped during 1969 to carry infra-red fire detection equip- ment. Total flying time for the year accumulated on Depart- ment aircraft was 15,797:05 hours. Total passengers carried were 36,080, and the total load carried was 13,250,531 pounds. Mercy and emergency flights, totalling 161:40 hours, were carried out by aircraft and helicopters. There were no requests from other provinces for assistance during fire emergencies under co-operative mutual aid agreements. Five Bell 47C4 model Helicopters were leased from May 1st to September 30th to provide transportation in forest fire fighting. NC OPERATIONS 1969-70 Breakdown oi administration Mercy Flights Ferrying & Instruction Entomology Forced Landings & Operation Commercial Lands & Forests Aircraft Fixed Wing Helicopter (Contract) Helicopter (Other) 116:20 260:25 136:05 704:25 1:05 159.10 44:30 44:15 Total r)pf pct i(-)p 1 689 50 1,777:07 118:43 245 897:25 23:00 3,466:57 544 35 45 20 1,583:43 142 142:45 Water dronoine 447 450:05 Fire Raneine Total 2 824 30 30 30 20 45 25 00 05 1,898:35 126:24 310:26 66:30 5:30 179:55 5:10 897:25 326:10 422:00 201:50 67:25 5:15 :35 270:45 23:00 13:50 37:55 12:15 44:15 5,643:30 Timber 1 472 1,938:54 Fish and Wildlife 4,324 5,094:51 Lands Parks Research interdenartmental . . . 678 727 334 977 958:55 800:40 339:40 1,157:30 Administration 4 458 4,-78:15 Total 1 5 797 05 2,592:30 2,191:25 131:15 20,712:15 Commercial Lands & Aire Forests raft Fixed Wing Helicopter (Contract) Helicopter (Other) Total 161:40 419:35 180:35 704:25 Transportation 3 240 50 5:10 66:00 — 3,312:00 Administration Total 4 45805 5:10 270:45 44:15 4,778:15 50 MERCY AND EMERGENCY FLIGHTS, Date Am ran April 21, l%y CF-OPA May 3, 1969 CF-OET May 7, 1969 CF-ODP May 21, 1969 CF-OEl Iuly3, 1969 CF-OEL Iuly3, 1969 CF-OEP )ulv 15, 1969 CF-OPA Aug. I, 1969 CF-OEL Aug. 2, 1969 CF-OEL Aug. 3, 1969 CF-ODL Aug. 4, 1969 CF-ODL Aug. 17, 1969 CF-OEA Aug. 14. 1969 CF-OEV Sept. 28, 1969 CF-OEO Oct. 4, 1969 CF-OEO Oct. 12, 1969 CF-OEV Nov. 3, 1969 CF-OEl Sept. 1-9, 1969 Various aircraft Feb. 22, 1970 CF-OET Mar. 11, 1970 CF-OEV Mar. 15, 1970 CF-OET Mar. 25, 1970 CF-OET 1969-70 Pilot |ournp\ Time THOMPSON Spruce Lake- Sault Ste Marie :45 BEAUSHENE Downsview- Sault Ste Marie 4;25 BURTT Port Arthur- Winnipeg 6:55 BEAUSHENE Spruce Lake- Sault Ste Marie :50 GOOD McKenzie Lake- Port Arthur 1:50 McLELLAN Ice Chest Lake- South Porcupine :25 KIRK Kirk's Cove- Belleville 2:10 GOOD McKenzie Lake- Sioux Lookout 1:00 GOOD Sioux Lookout- McKenzie Lake :55 CA.VIPBELL Hollow River- Bobs Lake 1:00 CAMPBELL Bigger Lake- North Bay 1:10 HOWE Port Arthur 2:20 CROAL Big Crowe Lake- Pembroke 1:35 TURCOTTE Gogama-Sudbury :45 TURCOTTE Cryderman Lake- South Porcupine :45 BURTT Pine Point- Port Arthur 2:05 C A EVER Little Lake- Parry Sound :50 Northwestern and 80:45 Central Ontario BEAUSHENE Sheldon Lake- Sault Ste Marie :45 HOWE Armstrong-Collins- Sioux Lookout- Collins-Armstrong 2:25 THO.MPSON Sault Ste .Marie- North McKinnon Lake- Sault Ste Marie :40 PHILLIPS Sault Ste Marie- Ramsay Lake- Sault Ste Marie 2:00 Reason Man with severe abdominal pain III infant and nurse III woman to Winnipeg for neurosurgery Man with hand injury to hospital Man with compound frac- ture to hospital Man with broken back III man to hospital Victim of car accident Return trip with O.P.P. constable Boy with back injuries Man with back injuries Search for American boat reported missing .Man v\ith collapsed lung III woman Man who was shot in the head by high-power rifle Man who sutTered heart attack Man who suffered heart attack Search for missing private aircraft Man with broken leg Woman struck by a train Vlan who suffered heart attack .Man who sullered heart attack Total 116:20 51 MERCY AND EMERGENCY FLIGHTS, 1969-70 Date HELICOPTERS (Conlract) Pilot lourney Time Reason Oct. 19, 1969 CF-YOQ ZIMMER Dog Lake-Thunder Bay 1:05 Man with shotgun wounds jotal 1:0S HELICOPTERS (Non-Contract) Time Mercy Ambulance Service— Moosonee 44; 15 Total 44; 15 ENGINEERING SERVICES SECTION Engineering Services Section was created April 1, 1969, out of the Plant and Equipment Unit existing within the Protection Section, and supplemented by the transfer of staff from the former Water Control Branch, Department of Public Works. The objectives of the Section are those implied by the name — to provide services to the operating branches and districts in those areas requiring professional engineering or engineering technology application. CAPITAL WORKS MAINTENANCE OF FACILITIES Co-ordination and planning of the major capital works pro- gram of the Department was effected through liaison with the Department of Public Works, Treasury Board and af- fected branches, districts and regions. The projects included a new district office at Sioux Lookout; new Chief Ranger headquarters at Terrace Bay, Ignace, Bancroft, Cochrane and Kenora; renovations to the Chief Ranger headquarters at Pembroke; a fish research and experimental hatchery, fish production hatchery, tree nursery office and shipping shed at Dryden; and miscellaneous construction and build- ing renovation. Setting up pump in nozzle crew competition. 52 The new dam on Malcolm Lake in Tweed Forest District. Photo by W. Lenson. Planning and budgeting for maintenance and minor con- struction of buildings and other facilities, under the minor capital works program, was carried out. District staff or tender procedures were utilized on projects other than essential services provided by the Department of Public Works. Projects ranging from painting buildings, repairing boats and tower cabins, to construction of gasoline storage buildings, junior ranger camps and staff quarters, were funded. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT Approximately 1,300 vehicles of all types are in use by the Department as well as tractors, loaders, graders, skidoos, etc. A planned equipment program and an established policy with respect to repair of all mechanical equipment, acquisition and replacement, equipment markings and colour, licensing, insurance coverage and bulk purchasing, have become a necessity and forms an integral part of the Section's responsibility. In addition, minimum standards for operating condition and general appearance of motor vehicles and trailers have been established to ensure safe, efficient and dependable operation. A vehicle fleet management program has been imple- mented in three districts as a pilot study designed to pro- vide management and operating personnel with computer print-outs of management information such as vehicle per- formance, frequency of repair, annual repair costs and acci- dent and replacement information. The information is de- signed primarily to assist in framing an acquisition and replacement policy based on statistical information and should lead to reduced out-of-service time and operating failures. In addition, it will have the capability of assisting in minimizing operating and maintenance costs; it will provide a complete inventory and form an effective tool for establishing vehicle complement and distribution. SIGN PROGRAM The Section co-ordinates the Department sign program in accordance with policy established by the Sign Committee. Sign type, quality, colour, symbols, production and erection specifications are being standardized to achieve public ac- ceptance and assist the Department in communicating with the public while on or travelling through Crown lands or lands administered by the department. WATER MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING Of increasing importance and concern are engineering projects related directly or indirectly to water use and man- agement. Projects undertaken include pre-engineering, de- sign, construction and maintenance of dams, docks and navigation locks and other hydraulic structures or facilities as well as improvement to flow channels and dredging. PRE-ENGINEERING SURVEYS AND DESIGN Pre-engineering surveys permitted completion of designs for all dams and docks constructed, as well as a boat walk- way in Kenora district, a fishway at Southampton, the Gan- anoque Wildlife Management Area, hydraulic parts of hatcheries at Pembroke, Hills Lake, a sheet pile retaining wall at the Fisheries Research Station, Wheatley, and a pressure-treated timber dock at Rondeau Provincial Park. 53 CONSTRUCTION Construction staff completed the construction of water control danns located at McCraw Falls, Remi Lake, Clayton Lake, Round Lake, Washagami Lake, Wakami Lake, Mal- colm Lake, McCarrol Lake and at McNamara Lake. In addi- tion, a dam on the Black Sturgeon River damaged by flood waters was partially re-constructed, and a dock for the use of our air services was constructed at Hayes Lake. Construction was commenced on water control dams at Omemee, LeCrous Lake and White Lake. At Southampton, construction started on a lamprey control dam known as Denny's Dam which contains a lamprey-proof fish ladder. The cost of this project is being shared equally by Ontario and Canada. MAINTENANCE Maintenance of hydraulic structures and docks were scheduled on the basis of condition determined from in- spection and reports submitted from districts and included the following: DOCKS Air Service, Toronto Port Carling Rondeau Provincial Park LOCKS Port Carling Magnetawan IMPROVEMENTS TO FLOW CHANNELS Improvements to flow channels, by clearing debris, floating bogs, dredging, widening and deepening of flow channels, was carried out to increase efficiency in discharging water from Department-operated dams, to improve flow be- tween controlled waters, or to decrease downstream flood- ing resulting from the Department's operation of a dam. This year, major projects were undertaken at Doe Lake, Bernard Creek, Boyne River and the channel connecting Crane and Little Clear Lakes, while debris and floating bogs were removed at other dams. DAMS Noganosh Lake Baptiste Lake Baysville Opeongo Lake Whitney Dutchman Naiscoot River Gooseneck Midhurst Holding Pond Ranger Lake Duncan Lake Raven Lake Aylen Lake Paudash Lake Marie Louise Lake Huntsville Lyndhurst Mazanazhing Lake Dollars Knoepfli Wren Lake Lake Dore LeCrous Lake Harris Lake Lauzon Lake Windy Margaret Lake INSPECTION Of the 250 dams the Department owns and operates, ten per cent were inspected, either as a result of requests or expressions of concern for the safety and protection of downstream interests, or as a matter of routine. Reports were prepared and recommendations made to either repair or proceed to construction at some future date in each instance. ENGINEERING CONSULTATIONS The section provides engineering consultation for design, construction or reconstruction of Departmental facilities. Engineering studies and reports are provided by staff, or by utilizing the services of consultants specializing in given areas. Specialists in ground water supply, soil analysis and aerial surveying were retained for specific projects. Feasibility studies were undertaken, and reports and cost estimates were prepared on matters related to equip- ment, water supply, and outdoor facilities for fish culture stations. Engineering consultation and construction forces were provided for Parks Branch for the construction of eight comfort stations, one each at White Lake and Neys Provin- cial Parks, and six at Algonquin Provincial Park. 54 LANDS AND SURVEYS BRANCH Moon River, Parry Sound Forest District. Photo by V. Mann. Lands and Surveys Branch is divided into three sections with duties and responsibilities as follows. LANDS Administration of public lands and their disposition by sale, patent, vesting order, quit claim deed, lease, licence of occupation, or land use permit; release of reservations in patents, assignments and cancellations; and reservation of lands for public and government uses. LAND ACQUISITION AND PLANNING Recommendations and applications for purchase of private lands for public uses; development and co-ordination of land use plans in all districts for the management of renew- able, natural resources; Recreational Land Inventory Sector of Canada Land Inventory; co-ordination of departmental A.R.D.A. projects; and liaison with Department of Agricul- ture and Food in private lands and with other Departments on the socio-economic implications of land use objectives. Water Resources Management and approval of dams; licences of occupation for dams; flooding and diversions; issuance and servicing of Water Power Lease Agreements; engineering consultations; feasibility studies, inspections, reports, and access roads. SURVEYS Examination, recording and custody of original plans and field notes of restoration of original Crown survey points, retracement and municipal surveys, and surveys of Crown lands for disposition; map compilation; authorization of geographical names; and distribution of maps, publications and copies of survey records. 55 LANDS SECTION The primary function of the Section is to provide the means whereby individuals, corporations, provincial government commissions and agencies, and the Government of Canada may obtain the public lands they require for various pur- poses. The usual requirements are for living space for full time or occasional occupancy and for commercial or in- dustrial uses. Public land may be transferred to private ownership for any purpose except the propagation of the renewable, natural resources administered by the Depart- ment. This excludes uses such as tree farming, fish farming and game farming, and disposal of large areas for private recreational use. To carry out this operation, the Section must study land values, answer enquiries, and plan for the orderly and efficient disposal of lands as nearly as possible in tune with the requirements of the population and the economy. Plans for disposal must also ensure that adequate areas of land are reserved for the use of the public and for government purposes. Public lands are transferred to private control by sale or rental. The use to be made of the land is always a prime consideration. Except for rental under Land Use Permit, the applicant is required to spend, in most cases, two to ten times the established land value on improvements within a limited time before title passes to him. In some situations, such as where sale is by public auction, the reverse is true. Thus, the actual price of the land is normally considered as secondary to the economic advantages accruing from the new development. Ij^ND TRANSACTIONS in years ending March 31 Land Use Other Permits Transactions Total 1970 4,494 3,334 7,828 1969 4,930 3,140 8,070 1968 4,747 2,693 7,440 1967 4,555 2,756 7,311 1966 4,382 2,481 6,863 It is noted that there was a decrease in the numbers of Land Use Permits issued during the past year. The increase in land transactions, other than Land Use Permits, was due to the increase in the sale of cottage lots. Considerable public concern has been expressed regarding the sale of cottage lots to residents of other countries. In this connec- tion, a careful review has been made of the patents issued for cottage properties during the past six years ending March 31, 1970. This review shows that 5,830 patents were issued; 79 per cent of these lots were patents to residents of Ontario, five per cent to residents of other provinces, and 16 per cent to residents of other countries. During the year, a new policy was approved with respect to the disposal to municipalities of the lands which they require for municipal purposes. Such lands are now trans- ferred to municipal control for a fee of $100 regardless of area or land values. The program for the development and operation of gar- bage disposal sites, serving the unorganized areas of the province, was continued and expanded. At the year's end, 254 disposal sites were being maintained. In co-operation with the local health units, a number of unsatisfactory sites have been closed. Strategically located and well main- tained garbage dumps help to alleviate littering on public lands. Three new restricted areas were set up to control and regulate improvements on land. One of these in the She- bandowan area, west of Thunder Bay, was set up to control residential development in connection with a new mine in the area. The other two areas are adjacent to Timmins and Cochrane. They were set up to control to better advantage the fringe development in unorganized townships adjacent to these communities. There are now 15 restricted areas in the province having a combined area of more than 3,000 square miles. LAND ACQUISITION AND PLANNING SECTION This Section was formed in 1963 to implement the program announced in the Speech from the Throne in the Fall Ses- sion of 1962. This program anticipated the expenditure of $200 million over a twenty-year period for the purchase of land for recreation, wildlife management, parks, reforesta- tion and other resource management uses. Since the inception of the program, 435,647 acres had been acquired by March 31, 1970. During the 1969-70 fiscal year. Treasury Board approved 27 projects involving the purchase of 40,802 acres of land. The Ontario Parks Integra- tion Board approved 24 projects involving the purchase of 3,826 acres of land. A total of seven leases were acquired in Algonquin and Rondeau Provincial Parks, in keeping with 56 the policy to revert these areas to a wilderness state and to permit public rather than private use of certain areas. Included in the land acquisition program are nine projects that are approved under the A.R.D.A. Federal/Provincial Rural Development Agreement. LAND INVENTORY The Land Inventory Unit continued to carry out an inven- tory of the lands for the Province for both national and provincial requirements. The national phase is the joint Federal/Provincial Canada Land Inventory Program which covers the agricultural and marginal agricultural areas of the province. These lands are described in terms of physiographic and biological features and evaluated for their capability to pro- vide recreational experience, forest and wildlife crops. Field work for recreation and forestry evaluations were com- pleted on Agreement area during this fiscal year. Approxi- mately 10 per cent of the Agreement area remains to be covered for the wildlife evaluation. The cartographic production has been maintained at a high level, and the following represents a summary of the number of maps compiled and drafted. (a) Canada Land Inventory Sector Map Scale 1 :250,000 1 :50,000 Recreation 8 226 Wildlife 9 190 Forestry 11 — (b) Ontario Land Inventory Sector Map Scale 1 :250,D00 1 :50,000 Land Classification 10 — Wildlife — 188 Recreation 1 — Forestry 10 — ACCESS ROADS As provided for under the provisions of Part 1A of The Public Lands Act, thirty-two roads in northern Ontario, comprising 441 miles, have been designated as public forest roads. In addition, three private forest roads of industry, comprising 87 miles, are now under agreement with the Department for the shared cost of maintenance. This provides for the public's use of these roads. This program will be expanded in the next fiscal year as the need develops. WATER MANAGEMENT This LJnit provides management of water resource through approval of dams under The Lakes and Rivers Improvement Act; determination of the terms and conditions, and prep- aration of water power lease agreements under The Water Power Regulation Act; administration of licences of occu- pation for dams constructed principally for log driving pur- poses; and administration of the reconstruction of old dams. In addition, special engineering consultation services are provided in fisheries and waterfowl management projects. SURVEYS SECTION ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES The main responsibilities discharged by the Sub-section are the custody of survey records and the distribution of repro- ductions for sale to the public and the official use of all government departments, as well as maps and publications produced by the Department, and maps of the National Topographic Series as produced by the federal Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa. An increase of over one-third of the quantity of the Provincial Topographic Series map sheets distributed over that of the previous year was due to the production of seven new sheets as well as seven revised editions. The distri- bution of the Provincial Territorial Series and miscellaneous maps also increased, due to four maps being produced. Increased distribution of the National Topographic Series maps, by approximately twenty per cent, is also to be noted due to additional new and revised sheets being pro- duced, as well as a number of the 1 :50,000 scaled sheets in east and west halves being combined into a single sheet. Numerous enquiries for historical and genealogical in- formation continued to be received, and there was a greater number of plans and field notes of Crown subdivi- sions and retracement surveys, mounted or bound, cata- logued and filed in the Surveys Records Library. The demand for reproductions of plans and field notes also continued to increase over the past year. CARTOGRAPHIC MAPPING Lands alienated from the Crown were indicated for the first time on maps of the Provincial Series one-inch-to-two- mile maps. This additional information was introduced to meet the needs of a number of disciplines within and with- out the Department. A total of eleven maps were produced. Two maps of the one-inch-to-eight-mile series were re- vised and improved upon depletion of existing stocks; these were Map 23 "Thunder Bay" and Map 22 "Algoma, Sud- bury and Timiskaming". 57 In addition to regular annual production of Fishing and Hunting Regulation map folders, the Ontario Map Cata- logue, listing all maps produced by departments and com- missions of the Ontario Government, was compiled, printed and distributed to universities, libraries and federal and provincial government agencies. One-inch-to-two-mile map series produced: Blind River, Heron Bay, Schreiber, Pukaskwa River, Black Bay, Lac des Mille Lacs, Northern Light Lake, Marmion Lake, Obakamrga Lake, Gogama (3rd edition), and Chapleau (2nd edition). One-inch-to-eight-mile series produced: Map 22 "Algoma, Sudbury and Timiskaming", and Map 23 "Thunder Bay". Special mapping produced: Map 3169 "Kenora-Dryden", scale 1:250,000 (at request of District Forester, Kenora); Trent-Severn Waterway (at request of Land Acquisition and Planning Section for newspaper reproduction); French River Watershed (at request of Land Acquisition and Planning Section for report); Map 3869 North Georgian Bay Recre- ational Reserve (at request of Land Acquisition and Plan- ning Section for report); and Fishing and Hunting Regula- tion map folders. THE ONTARIO GEOGRAPHIC NAMES BOARD The Board is composed of the Surveyor General, a secretary and five other members who have not as yet been ap- pointed. Nomenclature decisions are approved by the Min- ister of Lands and Forests. During the 1969-70 fiscal year, a total of 83 maps and charts were edited for nomenclature accuracy which can be broken down by map scales to: Provincial Topographic Series, 1" = 2 miles. ... 6 National Topographic Series, 1 :250,000 4 National Topographic Series, 1:50,000 67 National Topographic Series, 1 :25,000 1 Canadian Hydrographic Services Charts 5 Five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-six names were examined for the federal mapping agencies through the Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names with 1,435 names being approved, 58 names rescinded, and 32 name applications altered. A total of 917 new cards were added to the geographic names card index. Also edited were 21 Fishstocking Lists, issued by the Departmental district offices, which resulted in an addition of 263 new names hitherto unrecorded to the files. Also examined were 37 district-produced maps, the ma- jority being at the scale of 1" = 2 miles, which effected in the recording on O. F.R.I, base maps a total of 928 previ- ously unrecorded names. The updating of the card index was continued by record- ing the correct latitude and longitude on the name cards. Over 256 inquiries, from the public as well as within the government, concerning geographic nomenclature were answered throughout the year. DRAFTING SERVICES The production of township plans by commercial drafting contracts was continued, and twenty Crown Land status plans for land planning and sales and general public pur- poses were completed to supplement the continuing De- partmental production. Head Office branches and District field office activities resulted in the increased preparation of special maps, plans, miscellaneous charts and graphic illustrations. New dispositions of Crown Land continued to be plotted and designated on the office plans, as to location and ex- tent, to maintain an up-to-date graphic inventory of the provincial land status. General drafting activities were considerably increased over the past fiscal year, due mainly to the compilation of Crown and alienated lands required to be shown on the Provincial Topographic map series, scale l" to 2 miles. LEGAL SURVEYS EXAMINATION Crown instructions for surveys carried out by Departmental surveyors, as well as for all surveys carried out by private surveyors under contract for retracement, restoration, sub- division and inspection programs, are prepared by this Sub-section as well as drafting and plan examination. Compiled plans, and plans of surveys for alienation of Crown land, were examined for compliance with Depart- mental policy and statutes. Included are plans of individual cottage lots, commercial or industrial locations, water lots and Crown subdivisions. Returns of surveys carried out under instructions, such as retracement, restoration and municipal surveys, which did not lead to alienation, were examined for compliance with statutes and instructions. Field surveyors, located at Tweed and Parry Sound dis- trict headquarters, were engaged in surveys for administra- tive purposes which includes the determination of en- croachment on Crown Land and the extent of ambiguous Crown grants, retracement, and other miscellaneous sur- veys. 58 PERSONNEL BRANCH Staff duties include meeting the public in a great variety of situations. The view, above, at Orono Forest Station, August 22, 1969, was taken at the first of the popular Forestry Field Days held for agreement holders (and their families) under The Woodlands Improvement Act. Photo by T. Jenkins. Personnel Branch is divided into five sections with duties and responsibilities as follows. • Employment: Recruitment of staff, including Junior Forest Rangers; recruiting activities at universities and technical schools; job advertising; transfers and promotions; estab- lishment and complement control; and assignment of quali- fied employees to positions. • Classification and lob Evaluation: Ensuring that positions are properly classified and recommending the classification of positions; identifying and recording of organization and positions; ensuring that position specifications are pro- duced; classifying positions under the Delegated Authority; and developing class series. • Training and Special Assignments: Co-ordinating and organizing Department training courses; arranging for em- ployees to attend courses given by outside agencies; liaison with Ontario Forest Technical School and Educational Leave Committee; analyzing Department training needs; evaluat- ing courses; and special assignments. • Employee Relations: Counselling of employees; improve- ment of communications between field and head office staffs; investigations of problems relating to personnel; liaison with Staff Relations Branch, Treasury Board and Civil Service Association of Ontario; and maintaining Depart- ment program on alcoholism. • Office Management: Documentation of personnel rec- ords; attendance reports and leaves of absence recom- mendations; processing nominations to staff; transfers; separations; group insurance applications and changes; merit increases; accelerated increases; salary revisions; maintaining personnel files for all Regular and Probationary staff and Group 3 Unclassified; and providing statistical information at the request of other Branches of the Depart- ment. 59 RECRUITMENT To provide the field and Head Office organizations with qualified professional and technical staff, seven Universities and four Forestry Technician Schools were visited in Canada. Newspaper advertising was used to cover specialized positions not normally handled by the campus program. The Junior Forest Ranger program continued to be at- tractive to 17-year-olds. A total of 1,733 boys was placed in 75 camps in the northern part of the Province. CLASSIFICATION A continually increasing number of class specifications are required to be used directly and indirectly in the classifica- tion of positions in the Department. In addition to such existing programs as the review of all positions on a three- year rotation basis, and continuous audit to ensure validity and consistency of application, an added responsibility for delegated classification has been assumed under a recent agreement with the Department of Civil Service signed by the Deputy Minister. The study and development of a proposed new Resource Technician and Resource Technician Senior Series has been completed which will integrate the existing Forestry Tech- nician, Conservation Officer and Ranger series, and if ap- proved, will be implemented. TRAINING 1969-70 saw the introduction of Supervisory Training Courses and a resultant opportunity for greater participa- tion by field staff. This was done through assistance pro- vided by the Department of Education. A changing role of the Department of Civil Service, towards the research and development of instrumented training programs, placed emphasis on the need for appro- priate development of all staff throughout the Province and not simply in Toronto alone. Five employees attended the Resource Management Diploma Course at the University of Toronto. Certificate courses in Timber, Fire Suppression, etc., were continued as usual. To promote sound learning through the good teaching techniques of others, Instructor-Training courses were con- tinued, supplying a broad base of skills which can be use- fully tapped as deemed necessary and appropriate through- out the Province. NEW EMPLOYEES HIRED, 1969-70 Male Female Total Head Office •-lO 44 134 Field 1 46 30 176 Total 236 74 310 TOTAL STAFF, march 31, 1970 Regular Proba- Unclassified tionar\ Staff Total, March 31, 1969 Total, March 31, 1968 Total, March 31, 1967 2486 485 2,304 490 2,270 297 904 966 777 Total regular and probationary staff as at March 31, 1970 Total vacancies in complement as at March 31, 1970 PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYEES, MARCH 31, 1970 Total Head Office Field -■15 2037 134 176 189 688 1048 2901 Total 2762 310 877 3949 3,875 3,760 3,344 Total complement oi regular and probationary posi tionsasat March 31, 1970 3,334 3.072 262 Foresters 210 Biologists 85 Professional Engineers 75 Miscellaneous 96 Total 406 Number ot Ontario Forest TechnicaPSchool Graduates on Staft 1,088 Number of Licensed Scalers on Start 942 60 Sportsmen in Ancaster Township meet with conservation officer to hear details of Wildlife Extension Program and to post safety zones around the residences and farm buildings of co-operating landowners. Photo by C. Van Cemerden. EMPLOYEE RELATIONS A new agreement was reached on hours of work for pilots and air engineers during the operating season. Effective communication was maintained with the Staff Relations Branch, Treasury Board and the Civil Service Association of Ontario. A review of existing personnel circulars was started, and some revised circulars were issued. It is intended that the circulars will become a manual for personnel administra- tion. The objective of clear dialogue internally at Head Office, and between the field and Head Office, was pursued, and conditions were improved. The program of assisting the problem employee was maintained and included such items as financial and emo- tional as well as alcoholic; at meetings, emphasis has been placed upon the role of supervisor. The results of this pro- gram cannot be assessed on a short-term basis but there are indications which support the continuation of such an en- deavour. DISPOSITION OF PERSONNEL The disposition of senior administrative staff as of March 31, 1970, was as follows: Deputy Minister: C. H. U. Bayly. Assistant Deputy Minister: R. D. K. Acheson. Regional Directors: J. W. Lockwood (North-Eastern); L. Ringham (North-Western); J. W. Giles (Southern). Branch Chiefs: R. R. MacBean (Accounts); Dr. C. H. D. Clarke (Fish and Wildlife); W. T. Foster (Forest Protection); R. C. Code (Lands and Surveys); G. H. Ferguson (Law); G. A. Hamilton (Operations); P. Addison (Parks); ). M. Taylor (Personnel); Dr. W. R. Henson (Research); A. J. Herridge (Timber). District Foresters: C. P. Elliott (Chapleau); R. J. Burgar (Cochrane); R. A. Balkwill (Fort Frances); D. E. Gage (Ger- aldton); D. A. Fawcett (Kapuskasing); R, M. Christie (Kempt- ville); K. K. Irizawa (Kenora); W. B. M. Clarke (Lake Erie); ). M. Halpenny (Lake Huron); F. E. Sider (Lake Simcoe); A. E. Walroth (Lindsay); W. L. Sleeman (North Bay); ). S. Ball (Parry Sound); T. W. Hueston (Pembroke); W. D. Tieman (Sault Ste. Marie); F. L. Hall (Sioux Lookout); G. A. McCor- mack (Sudbury); S. R. Hamilton (Swastika); A. H. Peacock (Tweed); J. R. Oatway (White River, R. A. Baxter (Thunder Bay). Ontario Forest Technical School: R. W. Hummel (Director). STAFF TURNOVER OF REGULAR AND PROBATIONARY EMPLOYEES, i969-70 j^ Transfers Resigned Dismissed Retired Died . , Inter- Misc Total ° annuated „ , Departmental Head Office 77 3 I 3 17 1 9 111 Field 108 7 8 9 41 2 17 192 Total 185 10 9 12 58 3 26 303 Note: The staff turnover for the fiscal year was 8.37%. This is the ratio of separations to total regular and probationary staff. 61 ACCOUNTS BRANCH At Department exhibits and at meetings addressed by Department personnel, large numbers were helped to an improved understanding of the natural environment. Above: lunch break along the Lady Evelyn River, a popular canoe route in North Bay Forest District. Photo by F. Tremblay. 62 Accounts Branch is divided into units uith duties and responsibilities as follows. • Accounting: Supervision of accounting for entire Depart- ment; preparation of claims under Federal-Provincial agree- ments; compilation of costing reports; procedural control and safe keeping of assets; and financial liaison with Trea- sury Board, Provincial Auditor, and other Coxernment Departments and agencies. • Revenue: Collection of revenue; maintenance of ac- counts receivable; supervision of accountable warrant funds; control of collateral securities; and issue of angling and hunting licences and park permits. • Expenditure: Preparation of payrolls; internal check and payment of accounts payable; processing of refunds; and preparation of data for Public Accounts. • Budget Preparation and Control: Compilation of esti- mates and forecasts; and expenditure reporting and control. • Finance and Cost Analyses: Financial evaluation of plans; and preparation of statistical and financial reports. • Accounting Systems and Procedures: Development of accounting systems; preparation of accounting procedural manuals; and development of costing systems. • Land Tax Administration: Administration of Provincial Land Tax Act; and assessments and appeals. • Internal Audit: Review and appraisal of accounting, fi- nancial and operational controls. • Systems and Procedures: Provision of systems improve- ment program for entire Department. • General: Data processing; and addressograph and mail services. FINANCIAL REPORT For year ended March 3ht, 1970 COMPARISON OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS WITH THOSE OF THE PREVIOUS TWO YEARS %8 1969 1970 $ $ $ (a) RECEIPTS (Branch) (b) DISBURSEMENTS 19138 1969 1970 $ $ $ Provincial Land Tax 1,761,7% 1,754,617 2,033,837 Forest Protection .. 163,205 128,821 155,495 Timber 17,057,603 18,657,238 20,554,132 Lands and Surveys.. 1,519,099 1,952,266 2,389,615 Fishand Wildlife .. 6,891,016 8,691,389 11,146,218 Parks 2,432,009 2,413,613 3,082,227 Other 155,616 181,460 157,161 Total Receipts 29,980,344 33,779,404 39,518,685 General Expenditure 50,813,866 58,719,539 61,452,670 63 RECEIPTS MAIN OFFICE Provincial Land Tax Sale of Maps, Publications, etc FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH Forest Protection Section Recovery of Fire Fighting Costs and Miscellaneous Air Service Section — Flying Fees TIMBER BRANCH Timber Section Stumpage Charges SI7 501 304 3^ Management and Fire Protection Charges 2 383 097 97 Agreement Forests ; ' 747 16 95 Logging Roads-Recovery of Construction Costs (Fixed Assets) 250,88h,b8 Miscellaneous I > 383 64 Reforestation Section ~ Sale of Nursery Stock Government of Canada-Agriculture Rehabilitation and Development Project Costs (Prior Years Expenditure) LANDS AND SURVEYS BRANCH Lands Section Land Sales (Fixed Assets) j 1 ''79 054 II Summer Resort Roads '" ' (Recovery of Construction Costs) (Fixed Assets) 77 160 76 Land Rentals, Leases and Licenses of Occupation 44717479 Perqumtes-Rentals ;;;;;;; 179;545:78 Miscellaneous 79391 |) Park Rentals, Leases and Licenses of Occupation ^'8°"^^'" $ 12,051.31 l""'^"'"! 21,194.35 'rV , 2,025.00 Long Point s-dry Parks :::::::;:::::;: i,o5o:S Surveys Section Recovery of Survey Fees Government of Canada-Agriculture Rehabilitation and Development Project Costs (Prior Year's Expenditure) FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH Licenses, Royalties and Sundry Carried Forward STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS For Year Endfd $ 2,033,837.79 157,161.27 87,512.06 67,983.27 $20,222,389.61 189,535.29 142,207.04 $ 2,012,326.06 36,915.66 291,100.00 49,272.87 $ 2,190,999.06 155,495.33 20,554,131.94 2,389,614.59 1 1,146,217.93 $36,436,458.85 64 AND DISBURSEMENTS March 3ht, 1970 DISBURSEMENTS DEPART\\E\TAL -XDMIMSTR ATION Minister's Salary — Statutory Salaries S 2,143,726.58 Travelling Expenses 75,022.01 Maintenance and Operating 1, 196,268.03 Damages and Claims Advisory Committee to Minister Grant to Canadian Council of Resource Ministers Unemployment Insurance Charges for Data Processing Services Workmen's Compensation Board Grant to Ontario Forestry Association Training and Development RESOURCE PROTECTION AND DEVELOP.MENT PROGRAM Program .Administration Salaries Travelling Expenses .Maintenance and Operating Forest Protection .Activity Salaries $ 7, 181 ,076.69 Travelling Expenses 1 10,988.90 Maintenance and Operating 3,468,328.00 Extra Fire Fighting Wages, etc.. Maintenance and Operating S 422,498.69 Forest Fire Suppression Equipment 191,566.41 Timber Activity Salaries S 9,255,732.38 Travelling Expenses 341,915.89 Maintenance and Operating 3,916,926. 10 Grants to .Municipalities and Conser\ ation .Authorities Construction of Logging Roads (See Receipts) /.ess— Reimbursements of expenditures- Government of Canada— Agriculture Rehabilitation and Development Project Costs St.^tement No. 1 15,000.00 3,415,016.62 4,552.12 1,662.74 34,776.00 132,859.85 142,456.13 213,296.23 12,500.00 1.434.412.85 S 2,429,173.07 137,435.00 543,361.00 510,760,393.59 614,065.10 SI3,514,574.37 117,264.86 250,886.68 $13,882,725.91 338,047.30 S 5,406,532.54 3,109,969.07 11,374,458.69 13,544,678.61 Carried Forward $33,435,638.91 65 RECEIPTS (Continued) Brought Forward $36,436,458.85 PARKS BRANCH Park Concessions-Rentals $ 131.033.16 Permits (All Parks) Vehrcle S 609,390.00 Campsite 1,937,078.10 2.546,468. 10 Licenses-Guide 5,575.00 Ski-Tow Fees 3,058.00 Miscellaneous 34,715.27 Government of Canada— Agriculture Rehabilitation and Development Project Costs (Prior Year's Expenditure) (Fixed Assets) 361.377.53 3,082,227.06 REIMBURSEMENTS OF EXPENDITURES Government of Canada Agriculture Rehabilitation and Development Project Costs $ 1,107,950.04 Resources Development Project Costs 100,000.00 Fisheries Industrial Development Pro|ecl Costs 31,750.00 Dam Construction Proiect Costs 85,000.00 1 .324,700.04 GROSS RECEIPTS S40,843.385 95 Deduct— Reimbursements of Expenditures (See Contra) 1 .324. "00 04 NET RECEIPTS ." $39,518,685.91 Excess of Disbursements Over Receipts 21 ,933,984.69 $61,452,670.60 66 DISBURSEMENTS fCon„naeear CS \ C T ^ CT.A. 1966 .... . . 2,466.7 100,362.8 1.2 102,830.7 1967 .... 2,006.5 104,269.9 nil 106,276.4 1968 .... 1,704.2 104,134.6 74.0 105,912.8 1969 .... 1,664.7 101,924.3 74.0 103,663.0 1970 .... 1.497.6 98,661.9 115.8 100,275.3 2. Forest Access Roads are built for a variety of purposes such as timber extraction, forest improvement, forest pro- tection, hunting and fishing research, and other forest uses. Under this category, 89.2 miles of new roads were built, and 97.4 miles were improved. SCALING Scaling is carried out in the Province to determine quantities of wood cut from Crown lands for revenue, for forest man- agement, and for statistical analysis of economic conditions and trends in the wood-using industries. Continual attention to the fast-changing techniques of cutting and moving wood from the stump to the mill has encouraged and brought about new concepts of wood measurement. These resultant changes have, as well, been directed towards speeding up and simplifying scaling operations at a minimum cost, while retaining control over the movement of wood. The most promising of the new wood measurement methods are tree-length scaling, weight scaling, and sample scaling. Computer analysis of scaling data and preparation of Crown dues accounts is now effective across the Province and is the basis of a monthly billing system. Scaling examinations were held at the following locations on the dates noted: Huntsville, May 1-2, 1969; North Bay, May 30, 1969; and North Bay, September 26, 1969. A total of 90 new scalers were licensed at the three courses, and 339 licences were renewed for a three-year period. Volume Value Sawlogs (cu.ft.) 160,541.04 $24,034.28 Poles, Posts (cu ft.) 5,995.48 2,350.31 Pulpwood (cords) 20,605.31 56,159.43 Fuelwood (cords) 319.53 1,717.66 Miscellaneous — 3,744.60 Total, all Products 1,945,147.92* 588,006.28 'Equivalent cu It SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF WOOD CUT FROM CROWN LAND, 1969-70 Volume Stumpage Species Cu Ft Value 5oftvvooc/s VVhitePine 14,290,115.14 5 1,010,896.35 Red Pme 4,570,859.63 330,552.42 lack Pine 121,391,036.86 3,183,218.75 Spruce 221,447,572.81 8,240,960.62 Hemlock 2,251,047.47 66,570.81 Balsam 13,676,874.63 299,519.65 Cedar 184,800.95 7,053.85 Tamarack 22,061.91 660.60 Conifers 180,820.12 3,521.16 Fuelwood 134,426.65 899.23 Christmas Trees 41,466.50 4,130.45 Total 378,191,082.67 513,147,983.89 Harcyuooc/s Maple 5,235,236.02 322,121.03 Yellow Birch 4,587,945.36 478,425.99 White Birch 2,241,421.16 46,659.58 Oak 311,279.40 17,664.70 Beech 331,534.41 11,398.83 Ash 52,803.11 2,289.40 Elm 170,138.86 8,704.23 Basswood 324,598.24 24,250.67 Butternut 464.86 24.87 Cherry 20,576.60 844.67 Poplar 24,993,861.55 249,099.78 Hardwood 13,475,034.76 114,352.63 Fuelwood 413,659.30 4,140.33 Total 52,158,553.63 S 1,279,976.71 Grand Total 430,349,636.30 514,427,960.60 105 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1968-9 Clas Species Piei.t \ olume Equivalent Cubic Feel Slumpage $ CORDAGE Pulpwood Rough Pulpvvood Peeled Veneer Bolts Fuelwood White Pine . . . Red Pine lack Pine Pine-all Spruce Hemlock Balsam Cedar Tamarack Conifers Waple Yellow Birch . White Birch ... Oak Beech Ash Elm Poplar Hardwood . . . Total lack Pine Spruce Balsam Tamarack White Birch . . . Poplar Hardwood . . . Total lack Pine Spruce Balsam White Birch .. . Poplar Total ..' lack Pine Spruce Balsam Softwood White Birch... Hardwood ... Total Total Cordage. l5,936.28cords 1,354,583.80 2,997.08 355,120.13 190.79 891,466.89 1,784.85 51,707.28 508.70 338.07 13.93 7,312.27 191.78 11,003.60 11.22 9.41 6.65 21.00 117,270.99 53,956.90 254,751.80 30,185,211.90 16,217.15 75,771,980.10 151,712.25 4,395,118.80 43,239.50 28,735.95 1,184.05 621,542.95 16,301.30 935,306.00 953.70 799.85 565.25 1,785.00 9,968,034. 1 5 4,586,336.50 1,509.847.82 128.334,360.00 1,694.70 6,803.65 120.20 .05 .60 9,825.81 848.78 168,159.60 679,738.75 12,020.00 5.00 60.00 974,827.20 74,066.75 19,293.79 1,908,877.30 57.69 308.72 7.28 4,279.12 15,528.12 4,903.65 26,241.20 618.80 363,725.20 1,319,890.20 20.180.93 1,715,379.05 137.17 19.59 67.73 2,771.82 26.65 4,572.00 11,659.45 1,665.15 5,757.05 235,604.70 2,265.25 388,620.00 7,594.96 645,571.60 27,083.24 7,473.19 776,281.23 269.28 2,899,903.79 3,234.54 93,896.95 1,059.41 572.78 19.50 6,129.35 202.84 19,626.04 11.68 7.06 8.32 21.00 96,082.09 49,281.83 3,981,164.12 4,143.27 24,926.65 205.63 .08 .54 8,135.14 830.82 38,242.13 121.17 975.17 13.71 6,131.91 13,051.10 20,29306 78.84 9.80 33.87 2,034.14 84.22 4,018.63 6,259.50 1,556,917.50 132,604,187.95 4,045,958.81 106 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1968-9 (continued) •^ '''■"■ Species LOGS, LONG TIMBERS Pulp Logs White Pine . Red Pine . . . lack Pine . . . Spruce Hemlock ... Balsam Tamarack . . . Conifers ... Maple Yellow Birch White Birch. Beech Ash Elm Basswood . . . Poplar Hardwood . Tula! Sawlogs— White Pine . Cubic Feet Red Pine ... lack Pine . . . Spruce Hemlock ... Balsam Cedar Tamarack . . . Maple Yellow Birch White Birch. Oak Ash Elm Poplar Hardwood . . Total Veneer Logs— White Pine ., Cubic Feet jack Pine Spruce Yellow Birch White Birch.. Poplar Total Pieces Volume Equivalent Cubic Feet Stumpage 398,663 1,513 3,327,442 7,328,314 308 471,830 4,480 36,300 5,376 4 1 ,687 5 50 25 73 26,849 475,188 72 1,389.3 ICu Ft 721,389.31 7,425.64 13,514,846.57 24,410,143.66 1,258.86 1,810,547.60 13,374.00 81,698.60 37,475.36 28.20 8,802.84 13.23 121.45 54.66 219.48 86,601.49 1,327,598.27 7,425.64 13,514,846.57 24,410,143.66 1,258.86 1,810,547.60 13,374.00 81,698.60 37,475.36 28.20 8,802.84 13.23 121.45 54.66 219.48 86,601.49 1,327,598,27 12.078,107 42,021,599.22 42,021,599.22 120,131 136,531 3,223,535 3,412,986 67 227,030 1,331 430 20 229 54,886 1,099 385,571 1,369,833.87 1,203,511.16 16.882,617.50 17,274,272.52 7,479.54 1,315,961.80 85,010.02 1,045.04 36,890.25 83,244.26 440,380.47 1,425.44 67,164.55 32,909.30 4.762,669.60 294.50 1,369,833.87 1,203,511.16 16,882,617.50 17,274,272.52 7,479.54 1,315,961.80 85,010.02 1,045.04 36,890.25 83,244.26 440,380.47 1,425.44 67,164.55 32,909.30 4,762,669.60 294.50 7,563,846 43,564,709.82 43,564,709.82 288 47,374 5,479 51,319 428,942 785.12 1,726.58 342,692.64 51,880.12 291,046.28 2,944,653.00 785. 1 2 1,726.58 342,692.64 5 1 ,880. 1 2 291,046.28 2,944,653 00 11,955.30 253.19 336,688.03 889,410.43 20.77 33,580.81 346.46 1,348.01 226.20 .33 88 56 .14 1.23 .55 2.19 1,015.01 11,112.97 1,286,050.18 85,41 1.87 74,531.19 497,946.97 683,725.52 313.29 29,403.18 1,806.00 36.84 2,165.07 2,992.71 8,133.20 71.28 432.78 228.67 52,772.55 8.84 1,439,979.96 27.79 46.51 12,254.88 622.58 4,429.81 40,590.07 533,490 3,632,783.74 3,632,783.74 57,971.64 107 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1968-9 (umtmued) Class Spetifs LOGS, LONG TIMBERS (^oniimwd) Long Timber White Pine Red Pine lack Pine Spruce Hemlock Balsam Cedar Tamarack Conifers Maple Yellow Birch White Birch Beech Ash Elm Basswood Poplar Total Sawlogs— MBM White Pine Red Pine lack Pine White Spruce Spruce Hemlock Balsam Cedar Tamarack Maple Yellow Birch White Birch Oak Beech Ash Elm Basswood Butternut Cherry Poplar Pieces \ olume Equivaleni Cubic Feel siumpage S 1,329 25,027 15,495 27,754 2,753 765 603 61 305 43 18 2,485 7 1 9 1 2,667 17,743.70 597,211.48 267,530.14 135,315.95 67,700.46 1,676.26 3,007.17 869.24 7,737.80 956.55 529.43 4,739.67 163.49 15.82 233.47 74.18 6,272.56 17,743.70 597,211.48 267,530.14 135,315.95 67,700.46 1,676.26 3,007.17 869,24 7,737.80 956.55 529.43 4,739.67 163.49 15.82 233.47 74.18 6,272.56 79,323 1,1 11,777.37 1,111,777.37 124,471 259,966 170,472 340 286,277 186,014 13,612 4,983 679 447,759 532,503 122,586 27,855 23,257 5,172 10,609 40,237 64 1,661 150,387 89,922.32 15,558.81 4,402. 10 24.40 12,227.64 13,253.73 317.15 135.94 26.99 33,021.05 38,296.30 5,973.21 1,566.01 1,422.22 275.98 1,001.38 2,299.40 3.13 94.10 7,637.69 13,228,591.55 2,367,528.40 746,183.43 3,580.17 1,932,114.45 1,960,779.59 55,959.32 23,861.65 4,600.22 4,931,675.62 5,516,333.91 917,075.39 245,948.50 22 1 ,004.08 44,018.74 152,187.86 359,069.22 516.64 14,180.88 1,207,283.14 1,738.69 70,553.11 17,308.66 8,732.22 3,629.17 77.96 131.11 34.95 630.13 61.29 23.88 249.57 8.33 .06 2.94 5.93 314.46 103,502.46 1,079,579.97 173,276.35 23,787.20 280.62 107,046.14 58,879.86 3,021.27 1,009.06 179.84 287,886.53 608,998.88 41,409.26 14,647.40 6,487.64 2,558.70 7,886.21 25,956.42 30.46 684.98 27,122.73 Total 3,408,904 227,459,55 33,932,492,76 2,470,729.52 Total Logi, Long Timber 23,663,670 90,558,329,70 124,263,362,91 5,358,233.76 108 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1968-9 fconi/nuec/; Class Species Piett \ nlunic Equivalent Cubic Feet Stumpage TREE LENGTH MATERIAL White Pine . . Red Pine lack Pine .... White Spruce Black Spruce Spruce Balsam Cedar Tamarack Poplar White Pme .. Red Pine .... lack Pine Spruce Balsam Cedar White Birch.. Total MISCELLANEOUS Mining Timbers jack Pine .... Cu. Ft. Spruce Conifers White Birch.. Hardwood .. lack Pine . . . . Black Spruce Spruce White Birch.. Poplar Hardwood .. Poker Poles (cords) Hardwood .. Posts (Lin. Ft.) Cedar Tamarack . . . . Christmas Trees Spruce 66 1,221. 79 Cu. Ft 1,221.79 80.64 280 5,633.92 5,633.92 371.84 4,268,468 45,022,308.03 45,022,308.03 1,177,144.67 102.193 1,754,527.55 1,754,527.55 60,827.70 1 ,930,622 10,328,669.73 10,328,669.73 357,435.65 9,686,905 61,702,634.86 61,702,634.86 2,267,286.84 655,843 4,321,102.97 4,321,102.97 84,842.03 40 1,769.06 1,769.06 35.38 20 201.72 201.72 4.03 8,731 232,277.86 232,277.86 1,635.85 425 77.96 MBW 15,771.16 622.15 206 22.59 4,348.79 184.89 719.147 24,099.63 5,247,281.58 92,537.79 650,698 18,491.56 3,709,496.95 111,854.57 26,720 918,61 172,049.84 5,51 1.66 13 43 80.97 2.15 4 .2! 39.92 .32 18.050,381 132,519,416.70 4,160,378.16 74 90.97 7,732.45 272.91 17 26.30 2,235.50 89.19 87.00 7,395.00 87.00 56 196.74 16,722.90 98.38 132.00 11,220.00 132.00 1,443 4,056.25 4,056.25 139.95 126 463.92 463.92 19.11 11,111 43,114,44 43,1 14 44 2,070,12 250 1,173.51 1,173.51 15.26 1.749.48 1,749.48 53.20 3,000 53.55 53.55 60.00 756.92 64,338.20 1,135,38 29,287 220,566.00 44,113.20 3,058.37 225 1,800.00 360.00 36.00 93,495 93,495.00 46,747.00 4,719.75 109 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, ]968-9 (continued) Class Species MISCELLANEOUS (continued) Other White Pine .. Red Pine lack Pine White Spruce Black Spruce Spruce Hemlock Balsam Cedar Tamarack . . . . Maple Yellow Birch White Birch.. Oak Beech Ash Elm Basswood Poplar Hardwood .. Total Pieces Volume Equivalent Cubic Feel Slumpage 139,084 609,048.36 662,797.38 46,584.34 128,742.21 131,521.77 10,120.66 672,665.93 2,114,108.33 58,633.87 6,426.82 6,426.82 385.61 24,421.45 24,421.45 1,465.29 601,124.71 834,087.79 28,526.61 161,495.33 166,482.53 6,726.94 128,970.35 140,511.93 3,429.65 54,417.57 54,417.57 1,448.99 11,200.40 11,926.50 476.36 331,290.73 334,354.45 17,864.34 111,231.79 111,231.79 9,237.59 440,083.66 450,740.64 10,393.42 72,649.36 83,015.29 4,744.88 33,562.22 33,562.22 1,006.87 12,943.98 13,096.62 659.46 11,416.01 11,416.01 570.80 32,937,09 33,119.66 2,654.49 998,464 51 1,031,043.52 25,544.71 124,276.73 249,739.97 2,301.39 6,749,497.64 244,762.89 GRAND TOTAL 41,853,135 Number of District Cutting Licences issued and included in above: 2459 396,136,465.20 Conversion factors; 1 cubic foot = 5.35 board feel I cord =85 cubic feet 110 I SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME .AND VALUE OF TLMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1969-70 ■Class Species Pieces Volume Equi\dlent Cubic Feet Slumpage S CORDAGE Pulpwood Rough Pulpvvood Peeled Veneer Bolts Fuelvvood White Pine . Red Pine . . . lack Pine . . . Pine All Spruce . Hemlock ... Balsam Cedar Tamarack . . . Conifers ... Maple Yellow Birch White Birch . Oak Beech Black ,Ash ... ,Ash Elm Black Cherrv Poplar Hardwoods . Total lack Pine . . . All Spruce . Balsam White Birch. Poplar Hardwoods . Total lack Pine . . . All Spruce . Balsam White Birch. Poplar 4,698.27 5,383.17 387,036.36 120.58 950,220.82 5,248.36 64,548.60 447.31 44.49 823.90 1,486.25 168.77 10,610.93 21.24 30.46 0.90 7.38 17.27 5.00 167,278.20 55,211.91 399,352,95 457.569.45 32,900,090 60 10,249.30 80,769,047.65 446,110.60 5,487,081.60 38,021.35 3,781.65 70,031.50 126,331.25 14,345.45 901,929.05 1,805.40 2,589.10 76.50 627.30 1,467.95 425.00 14,232,088.65 4,693,012.50 1,653,410.1: 140,556,034.80 1,462.30 16,175.76 51.46 21.68 6,477.27 63" 8" 145,660.15 1.615,172.40 4,714.60 2,168 00 627,975.45 54,680.65 24,826.34 2,450,371.25 72.01 1,240.42 57.27 1,140.40 24,55",48 6,120 85 105,43570 4,867.95 96,934 00 2,087,38580 12,758.26 12,180.94 861,767.80 177.53 1,137,802.38 8,252.62 127.701.15 875.01 73.85 1,208.93 1,130.92 126.47 10,315.58 20.61 22.85 2.68 6.85 19.81 5.00 114,006.91 50,210.54 4,338,666.69 3,602.55 58,221.00 103.31 18.95 6.092.42 55", 5~ 68,595.80 151.23 4,227.03 108.83 1.168.46 r. 165.34 Total . . 27,06" 58 2.300."4430 21 820 89 jack Pine 518.15 1,063.34 4.866,58 44,042.75 90,38390 413,659 30 259 13 Conifers 640 10 Hardwoods 4.140.33 Total .. 6,448.0" 548,085.95 5 039 56 Total Cordage 1,711,752.16 145,855,236.30 4,435,122.94 111 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1969-70 (continued) Equivalent Stumpage Class Species Pieces Volume Cubic Feet $ LOGS, LONG TIMBERS Pu if) Logs WhitePine 136,695 477,935.91 477,935.91 7,903.18 Red Pine 1,311 4,629.89 4,629.89 124.82 lack Pine 3,867,021 15,287,260.08 15,287,260.08 378,167.42 All Spruce 7,695,564 25,022,067.46 25.022,067.46 917,729.33 Hemlock 4,957 36,453.28 36,453.28 601.95 Balsam 597,857 2,054,050.35 2,054,050.35 39,345.01 Cedar 1,454 3,820.00 3,820.00 63.62 Tamarack 2,927 7,658.46 7,658.46 197.83 Conifers 53,151 104,719.52 104,719.52 1,757.83 White Birch 7,796.86 7,796.86 92.68 Poplar 56,843.89 56,843.89 670.01 Hardwoods 10,398 141,708.45 141.708.45 973.78 Total 12,371,335 43,204,944 15 43,204,944.15 1.347,627.46 Sawlogs(Cu Ft.) WhitePme 158,657 1,761,219.52 1,761,219.52 108,738.32 Red Pine 130,873 1,033,611.29 1,033,611.29 69,407.89 lack Pine 2,867,389 13,564,224.68 13,564,224.68 415,088.48 Pine 6,206 22,727.92 22,727.92 759.67 All Spruce 3,632,788 17,824,951.47 17,824,951.47 663,444.05 Hemlock 155 2,322.22 2,322.22 76.51 Balsam 355,686 1,527,993.92 1,527,993.92 36,563.15 Cedar 5,984 36,090.06 36,090.06 1,268.24 Tamarack 1,620 8,098.16 8,098.16 293.02 Maple 20 6,272.45 6,272.45 47.19 Yellow Birch 1,474 12,787.96 12,787.96 86.02 White Birch 49,073 306,837.39 306,837.39 4,956.40 Oak 64 1,067.57 1,067.57 39.82 Black Ash 11 2,200.11 2,200.11 28.13 Ash 1,682 10,550.44 10,550.44 107.29 Elm 2,067.22 2,067.22 12.41 Basswood 22 153.99 153.99 12.31 Black Cherry 1,646.96 1,646.96 9.88 Poplar 464,437 3,162,190.01 3,162,190.01 38,389.33 Hardwoods 67,332 245,891.95 245,891.95 2,147.96 Total 7,743,473 39,532,905.29 39,532,905.29 1,341,476.07 Veneer Logs White Pine 89 857.64 857.64 30.36 lackPine 13 78.39 78.39 2.90 All Spruce 74,148 503,466.70 503,466.70 18,215.77 Yellow Birch 49 345.81 345.81 4.15 White Birch 41,920 220,190.53 220,190.53 4,041.33 Poplar 510,866 3,446.459.64 3,446.459.64 43,616.90 Total 627.085 4,171.398.71 4,171,398.71 65,911 41 112 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1969-70 (continued) ClabS Species LOGS, LONG TIMBERS (continued) Long Timber White Pine Red Pine lack Pine All Spruce Hemlock Balsam Cedar Tamarack Conifers White Birch Oak Total Sawlogs \1B\1 White Pine Red Pine lack Pine White Spruce All Spruce Hemlock Balsam Cedar Tamarack Maple Yellow Birch White Birch Oak Beech Ash Elm Basswood Butternut Black Cherry Poplar Total Total Logs, Long Timbers TREE LENGTH MATERIAL White Pine Red Pme lack Pine White Spruce Black Spruce All Spruce Balsam Pieces Volume Equivalent Cubic Feet Stumpage $ 505 25,589 7,919 17,455 747 198 371 41 249 1 3 14,002.11 615,874.87 131,459.24 75,240. 1 1 20,430.54 757.85 3,202.97 62.00 6,069.10 23.97 56.55 14,002.11 615,874.87 131,459.24 75,240.11 20,430.54 757.85 3,202.97 62.00 6,069.10 23.97 56.55 53,078 867,179.31 867,179.31 949,315 279,206 101,382 89 272,149 179,054 11,004 7,192 423 477,587 433,667 91,479 35,041 38,669 5,048 12,098 40,010 41 2,082 145,827 76,506.71 16,125.18 2,711.67 5.78 12,034.70 11,808.43 559.16 276.86 13.27 34,277.59 31,771.75 4,571.57 1 ,960.02 2,158.85 244.78 1,095.27 2,010.58 2.49 124.38 7,532.20 11,268,235.33 2,441,678.49 460,950 99 861.14 1,910,519.64 1,745,730.83 102,192.33 49,890.94 2,371.83 5,102,632.32 4,560,466.14 700,424.08 308,349.88 328,945.31 39,348.76 166,603.69 324,444.25 464.86 18,504.64 1,209,338.49 3,081,363 205,791.24 30,741,953.94 23,876,334 87,982,218.70 118,518,381.40 1,266.84 68,971.00 7,162.91 5,020.40 1,137.43 41.61 161.82 3.08 554.40 1.68 3.39 84,324.56 866,279.85 179,176.54 16,516.61 66.50 107,093.70 56,502.30 4,619.70 1,772.41 91.02 320,942.92 478,209.35 26,032.83 17,600.88 11,375.98 2,144.45 8,672.01 24,238.36 24.87 829 79 27,955.14 2,150,145.21 4,989,484,71 9,440 364,660.59 Cu Ft 364,660.59 13,756.91 466 13,975.71 13,975.71 552.59 5,093,881 54,479,185.99 54,479,185.99 1,411,802.28 93,980 1,632,111.35 1,632,111.35 56,633.82 2,434,096 11,936,325.73 11,936,329.13 414,190.51 12,016,205 76,748,120.80 76,848,084.30 2,758,619.53 690,651 4,277,209.28 4,274,120.20 83,940.52 113 3,492.69 3,492.69 99.85 89.81 89.81 1.80 1,946.78 1,946.78 13.02 171,579.62 171,579.62 1,203.73 18.91 MBM 3,532.09 137.11 18.58 3,470.93 134.72 23,376.26 4,369,393.50 87,681.56 16,920.40 3,162,689.38 98,185.25 1,181.86 220,907.83 7,091.16 SUMMARY SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF TIMBER CUT ON CROWN LAND, 1969-70 (continued) Equivalent Stumpage Class Species Pieces Volume Cubic Feet S TREE LENGTH MATERIAL (continued) Cedar 453 Tamarack 17 White Birch 268 Poplar 9,096 White Pine 84 Red Pine 129 lack Pine 638,796 All Spruce 556,102 Balsam 29,639 Total 21.573,303 149,670.214.36 157,485.569.90 4,934,044.36 WEIGHT MEASURE Hardwoods 4,881,864.65 8,163.113.61 57,876.53 Total 4,881,86465 8,163,113.61 57,876.53 MISCELLANEOUS Minmg Timbers White Birch 14 lack Pine 1,460 All Spruce 9,491 Poker Poles Hardwoods Posts Cedar 11 lack Pine 820 Pine 1,690 All Spruce 20 Cedar 29,343 Christmas Trees All Spruce 81,934 Other White Pine Red Pine lack Pine All Spruce Balsam Cedar Hardwoods ^^ Total 124,783 346,844.37 327,335.09 11,432.06 37.30 3,170.50 18.65 2,581.03 2,581.03 60.66 16,395.20 16,395.20 621.61 1,759.36 149,545.60 2,381.99 9.22 783.70 18.44 5,740.00 1,148.00 86.10 642.08 2,432.00 6.44 120.00 24.00 5.00 234,191.86 49,313.24 2,791.39 41,189.00 41,466.50 4,130.45 319.00 319.00 25.52 49.00 49.00 3.92 7,474.14 7,474.14 184.61 25,177.18 25,177.18 884.74 188.00 188.00 5.21 186.00 186.00 3.07 10,786.00 27,082.00 204.26 GRANDTOTAL 45,574,420 430,349,636.30 I4.42-.960.60 Number of District Cutting Licences issued and included in above: 2310 893,5-0. 1 1 Conversion Factors; 1 cubic toot = 5.35 board teet 1 cord =85 cubic feet 114 TIMBER SALES FROM APRIL 1, 1969, TO MARCH 31, 1970 DMv Sold Area No. oi Bid Bonus Dues Total l%9 Localltv Sq. M. Tenders To \\ horn Sold Kind of Timber s S S S May 16 Lynoch 0.3 2 Wallace Weichenthal White pine saw-logs 5.10 10.00 5.00 20.10perMBM Township Hardwood Lake, Red pine saw-logs 5.10 10.00 5.00 20.10perMBM Ontario Spruce saw-logs 5.25 12.00 4.00 21.25 per .VABM Cedar saw-logs 5.00 5.00 3.00 13.00 per MBM Hemlock saw-logs 3.00 5.00 3.00 11.00 per MBM Yellow birch saw-logs 6.00 11.00 5.00 22.00 per MBM White birch saw-logs 7.00 6.50 1.50 15.00 per MBM Poplar saw-logs 4.00 4.50 1.50 10.00 per MBM Maple saw-logs 5.00 8.00 5.00 18.00 per MB VI Basswood saw-logs 4.00 11.00 5.00 20.00 per MBM Oak saw-logs 3.00 7.00 5.00 15.00 per MBM Ash saw-logs 5.00 5.00 5.00 15.00 per MBM Elm saw-logs 5.00 5.00 5.00 15.00 per MBM Beech saw-logs 6.00 4.50 1.50 12.00 per MBM Hardwood pulpwood 0.50 0.25 0.50 1.25 per cord Cedar pulpwood 0.10 0.60 1.40 2. 10 per cord May 22 Dungannon 0.2 5 George Tenthorey White pine saw-logs 15.25 10.00 5.00 30.25 per MB\t Township L'.Amable, Ontario Red pine saw-logs 15.25 10.00 5.00 30.25 per MBM Spruce saw-logs 14.25 12.00 4.00 30.25 per MBM Balsam saw-logs 5.00 6.00 4.00 15.00 per MBM White birch saw-logs 8.00 6.50 1.50 16.00 per MBM Poplar saw-logs 4.00 4.50 1.50 10.00 per MBM Maple saw-logs 3.00 8.00 5.00 16.00 per MBM Oak saw-logs 10.00 7.00 5.00 22.00 per MBM Balsam pulpwood 1.00 0.60 1.40 3.00 per cord Hardwood pulpwood 1.00 0.25 0.50 1.75 per cord May 29 Adams and 0.1 3 George Rousson Spruce pulpwood 2.00 1.20 2.80 6.00 per cord Eldorado R.R. #1 lack pine pulpwood 2.00 2.00 2.00 6.00 per cord Townships Timmins, Ontario May 29 Mayo 0.3 5 O. E. Rothwell Spruce saw-logs 10.25 12.00 4.00 26.25 per MBM Township Lumber Co. Ltd. Balsam saw-logs 10.25 6.00 4.00 20.25 per MBM Box 54 Cedar saw-logs 4.00 5.00 3.00 12.00 per MBM Lanark, Ontario Hemlock saw-logs 6.00 5.00 3.00 14.00 per MBM Yellow birch saw-logs 10.25 11.00 5.00 26.25 per MBM White birch saw-logs 8.00 6.50 1.50 16.00 per .MBM Poplar saw-logs 4.25 4.50 1.50 10.25 per MB\1 \taple saw-logs 15.50 8.00 5.00 28.50 per \\B\1 Basswood saw-logs 15.50 11.00 5.00 31.50 per MB\1 Oak saw-logs 6.25 7.00 5.00 18.25 per \IBM Ash saw-logs 3.25 5.00 5.00 13.25 per MBM Elm saw-logs 3.25 5.00 5.00 13.25 per MBM Beech saw-logs 8.25 4.50 1.50 14.25 per MBM Hardwood pulpwood 0.50 0.25 0.50 1.25 per cord continued . . 115 TIMBER SALES (conunued) FROM APRIL 1, 1969, TO MARCH 31, 1970 Date Sold Area No. of Bid Bonus Dues Tot. 3l 1%9 Locality Sq. M. Tenders To Whom Sold kind of Timber $ $ $ $ )une 9 Evelyn 0.1 8 Rudolph McChesney lack pine saw-logs 0.07 0.0265 0.0235 0.12 per cu. ft. Township Lumber Co. Ltd. Box #150 267 Craft Road Timmins, Ontario lune 17 Ashby 0.3 4 Tweed Veneers Ltd. White pine saw-logs 20.00 10.00 5.00 35.00 per MBM Township P.O. Box 490 Red pine saw-logs 10.00 10.00 5.00 2500 per MBM Tweed, Ontario Spruce saw-logs 10.00 12.00 4.00 26.00 per MBM Balsam saw-logs 5.00 6.00 4.00 15.00 per MBM Cedar saw-logs 5.00 5.00 3.00 13.00 per MBM Hemlock saw-logs 30.00 5.00 3.00 38.00 per MBM bellow birch saw-logs 50.00 11.00 5.00 66.00 per MBM White birch saw-logs 20.00 6.50 1.50 2800 per MBM Poplar saw-logs 20.00 4.50 1.50 26.00 per MBM Maple saw-logs 30.00 8.00 5.00 4300 per MBM Basswood 10.00 11.00 5.00 26.00 per MBM Oak saw-logs 10.00 7.00 5.00 22.00per MBM .Ash saw-logs 10.00 5.00 5.00 20.00 per MBM Elm saw-logs 10.00 5.00 5.00 20.00 per MBM Beech saw-logs 15.00 4.50 1.50 21.00 per MBM Hardwood pulpwood 5.00 0.25 0.50 5.75 per cord lune 18 Cashel 04 4 Tweed Veneers Ltd. Spruce saw-logs 10.00 12.00 4.00 26.00 per MBM Township P.O. Box 490 Balsam saw-logs 5.00 6.00 4.00 15.00 per MBM Tweed, Ontario Cedar saw-logs 5.00 5.00 3.00 13.00 per MBM Hemlock saw-logs 30.00 5.00 3.00 38.00 per MBM Yellow birch saw-logs 50.00 11.00 5.00 66.00 per MBM White birch saw-logs 20.00 6.50 1.50 28.00 per MBM Poplar saw-logs 25.00 4.50 1.50 31.00 per MBM Maple saw-logs 30.00 8.00 5.00 43.00 per MBM Basswood saw-logs 20.00 11.00 5.00 36.00 per MBM Oak saw-togs 10.00 7.00 5.00 22.00 per MBM Ash saw-logs 10.00 5.00 5.00 20.00 per MBM Elm saw-logs 10.00 5.00 5.00 20.00 per MBM Beech saw-logs 15.00 4.50 1.50 21.00 per MBM Hardwood pulpwood 2.00 0.25 0.50 2.75 per cord lune 24 Hassard 0.2 2 N. & H. Gagnon Spruce pulpwood 1.50 0.60 2.80 4.90 per cord Township Contractors lack pine pulpwood 1.50 0.50 2.00 4.00 per cord 310Wilson Avenue Timmins, Ontario luly 10 South 0.6 4 M. ). Umpherson White pine saw-logs 25.00 10.00 5.00 40.00 per MBM Canonto Clyde Forks Red pine saw-logs 25.00 10.00 5.00 40.00 per MBM Township Ontario Spruce saw-logs 24.00 12.00 4.00 40 00 per MBM Balsam saw-logs 20.00 6.00 4.00 30.00 per MBM continued . 116 TIMBER SALES «ont,nued) FROM APRIL I, 1969, TO MARCH 31, 1970 Date Sold 1969 Localfty Area No. ot Bid Bonus Dues Total Sq. M. Tenders To Whom Sold Kind ol Timber $ $ $ $ Hemlock saw-logs 15.00 5.00 3.00 23.00 per MBM Cedar saw-logs 15.00 5.00 3.00 23.00 per MBM Basswood saw-logs 24.00 11.00 5.00 40.00 per MBM Maple saw-logs 20.00 8.00 5.00 33.00 per MBM Elm saw-logs 15.00 5.00 5.00 25.00 per MBM Ash saw-logs 15.00 5.00 5.00 25.00 per MBM Oak saw-logs 20.00 7.00 5.00 32.00 per MBM Beech saw-logs 5.00 4.50 1 50 1 1 00 per MBM White birch saw-logs 15.00 6.50 1.50 23.00 per MBM Poplar saw-logs 5.00 4.50 1.50 11.00 per MBM Balsam pulpwood 1.00 0.35 1.65 3.00 per cord Hardwood pulpwood 0.50 0.15 0.60 1.25 per cord 0.1 3 lack Hermiston Yellow birch saw-logs 30.00 25.00 5.00 60.00 per MBM R.R, #3 Maple saw-logs 5.00 5.00 5.00 15.00 per MBM Iron Bridge, Spruce saw-logs 2.00 4.00 4.00 10.00 per MBM Ontario Hemlock saw-logs - 3.00 3.00 6.00 per MBM White pine saw-logs — 1000 5.00 15.00 per MBM 0.2 2 Darwin Weichenthal White pine saw-logs 8.00 1000 5.00 23.00 per MBM Hardwood Lake Spruce saw-logs 5.00 12.00 4.00 21.0) per MBM Ontario Hemlock saw-logs 3.00 5.00 3.00 11.00 per MBM Cedar saw-logs 3.00 5.00 3.00 1 1.00 per MBM Basswood saw-logs 4.00 11.00 5.00 20.00 per MBM Maple saw-logs 4.00 8.00 5.00 17.00 per MBM Oak saw-logs 5.00 7.00 5.00 17.00 per MBM Beech saw-logs 6.00 4.50 1.50 12.00 per MBM White birch saw-logs 7.00 6.50 1.50 15.00 per MBM Poplar saw-logs 5.00 4.50 1.50 11.00 per MBM Balsam saw-logs 5.00 6.00 4.00 15.00 per MBM Hardwood pulpwood 0.50 0.25 0.50 1.25 per cord Spruce pulpwood 0.50 0.20 2.80 3.50 per cord Balsam pulpwood 0.25 0.60 1.40 2.25 per cord Hemlock pulpwood 0.10 0.10 1.40 1.60 per cord Cedar pulpwood 0.15 0.60 K40 2. 15 per cord 3.0 1 Pierre Aubin White pine saw-logs 1.00 10.00 5.00 16.00 per MBM R.R. #1 Red pine saw-logs 0.50 10.00 5.00 15.50 per MBM Field, Ontario Poplar saw-logs 2.00 3.50 1.50 7.00 per MBM White birch saw-logs 1.00 10.50 1.50 13.00 per MBM White pine pulpwood - 1.10 1.40 2.50 per cord Red pine pulpwood - I.IO 1.40 2.50 per cord lack pine pulpwood - 0.50 2.00 2.50 per cord Spruce pulpwood - 0.70 2.80 3.50 per cord Balsam pulpwood - I.IO 1.40 2.50 per cord Hardwood pulpwood 0.50 0.50 1.00 per cord continued . . . Iuly30 Aug. 7 Bridgland Township Denbigh Township Aug. II lanes Township 117 TIMBER SALES (continued, FROM APRIL 1, 1969, TO MARCH 3], 1970 Date Sold l%9 Lotalilv Area No. of Sq. M. Tenders To V\ horn Sold Kind of Timber Bid $ Bonus Dues $ S Total $ Aug. 19 Grant I. Township I Art Lavigne R.R. #2 Mattawa. Ontario White pine saw-logs Red pine saw-logs Poplar saw-logs White birch saw-logs White pine pulpwood Red pine pulpuood Spruce pulpwood Balsam pulpwood Hardwood pulpwood 10.00 5.00 1 5.00 per MBM 10.00 5.00 15.00 per MBM 3.50 1.50 5.00 per MBM 10.50 1.50 12.00 per MBM 1.10 1.40 2.50 per cord 1.10 1.40 2.50 per cord 0.70 2.80 3.50 per cord 1.10 1.40 2.50 per cord 0.50 0.50 1 00 per cord Aug. 20 Denbigh Township Tweed Veneers Ltd 39 Louisa Street Tweed, Ontario Maple saw-logs 32.50 8.00 5.00 45.50 per MBM Yellow birch saw-logs 60.00 11.00 5.00 76.00 per MBM Basswood saw-logs 20.00 11.00 5.00 36.00 per MBM Beech saw-logs 18.00 4.50 1.50 24.00perMB\l White birch saw-logs 14.00 6.50 1.50 22.00 per .WBM Ash saw-logs 10.00 5.00 5.00 20.00 per MBM Oak saw-logs 10.00 7.00 5.00 22.00 per MBM Elm saw-logs 8.00 5.00 5.00 18.00 per MBM White pine saw-logs 20.00 10.00 5.00 35.00 per MB.M Hemlock saw-logs 8.00 5.00" 3.00 16.00 per MBM Cedar saw-logs 8.00 5.00 3.00 16.00 per MBM Hardwood pulpwood 0.50 0,25 0.50 1.25 per cord Aug. 22 Devitt Township 1.2 lack Christiansen Spruce saw-logs 0.025 0.01 0.033 0.068 per cu. ft. P.O. Box 70 Tamarack saw-logs - 0.0265 0.0165 0.043 per cu. ft. Mattice, Ontario Balsam saw-logs — 0.0265 0.0165 0.043 per cu ft. Cedar saw-logs — 0.0265 0.0165 0.043 per cu. ft. Poplar saw-logs — 0.0042 0.006 0.0102 per cu. ft Spruce pulpwood 2.13 0.85 2.80 5.78 per cord Balsam pulpwood — 2.25 1.40 3.65 per cord Poplar pulpwood - 0.015 0.006 0 021 percu. ft. of veneer quality White birch pulpwood - 0.015 0.006 0.021 percu. ft. ol veneer quality continued . . 118 TIMBER SALES (conanu^d) FROM APRIL 1, 1969, TO MARCH 31 1970 Date Sold 1969 Locality Area No, of Bid Bonus Dues Tola! Sq M Tenders To Whom Sold Kind of Timber $ $ $ $ Sept, I I Casgrain Towriship 0.7 Normand Grondin Box 1045 Hearst, Ontario Spruce saw-logs 0.037 Balsam saw-logs — Cedar saw-logs — Tamarack saw-logs — White birch saw-logs — Poplar saw-logs — Spruce pulpwood 3.15 Balsam pulpwood — Poplar pulpwood — Poplar pulpwood - of veneer quality White birch pulpwood — of veneer quality 0.077 per cu. ft. 0.04 per cu. ft. 0.04 per cu. ft. 0.04 per cu. ft. 0.018 per cu. ft. 0.018 per cu. ft. 6.55 per cord 3.40 per cord 1. 10 per cord 0.012 0.006 0.018 per cu. ft. 0.012 0.006 0.018 per cu. ft. 0.007 0.0235 0.0235 0.0235 0.012 0.012 0.60 2.00 0.60 0.033 0.0165 0.0165 0.0165 0.0060 0,0060 2,80 1,40 0,50 Sept. 22 Grant and Charlton Townships 1970 Feb. 1 1 Van Kough- net Township 0,5 Ray Champagne Ltd. White pine saw-logs - 10.00 5.00 1 5.00 per MBM Mdttawa, Ontario Red pine saw-logs - 10.00 5.00 15.00 per MBM Spruce saw-logs - 0.007 0.033 0.04 per cu. ft. White birch saw-logs - 10.50 1.50 12.00 per MBM Poplar saw-logs - 3.50 1.50 5.00 per MBM Spruce pulpwood - 0.70 2.80 3.50 per cord Balsam pulpwood - 1.10 1.40 2.50 per cord White pine pulpwood - 1.10 1,40 2.50 per cord Red pine pulpwood - 1.10 1,40 2.50 per cord Hardwood pulpwood — 0.50 0,50 1.00 per cord Fleron Lumber White pine saw-logs 10.00 15.00 5.00 30.00 per MBM Company Limited Spruce saw-logs 5.00 11.00 4.00 20.00 per MBM R.R. #4 Balsam saw-logs 3.50 11.00 4,00 18.50 per MBM Hwy. 17E Cedar saw-logs 3.00 7,00 3,00 13,00 per MBM Sault Ste. Marie Maple saw-logs 6.75 15.00 5.00 26.75 per MBM Ontario Yellow birch saw-logs 31.50 25.00 5.00 61.50 per MBM 119 CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1969-70 ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(l)OFC.T.A. Date Licensee Location Expiry March 31st Type ot Transaction 0/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 7/69 Regional Logging Industries Limited P.O. Box 519, Dryden, Ontario The Great Lakes Paper Company Limited P.O. Box 430, Postal Station "F" Thunder Bay, Ontario Central Timber Products P.O. Box 431, Red Lake, Ontario Patrick Robillard P.O. Box 539, Red Lake, Ontario Pearson Forest Products Limited Box 219, Fort Frances, Ontario William Rothenburger 489 Lyon Avenue, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario The Great Lakes Paper Company Limited P.O. Box 430, Postal Station "f" Thunder Bay, Ontario William G. Gaudry R.R. # 1, Sleeman, Ontario Northern Forest Products Limited P.O. Box 990, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario Northern Forest Products Limited P.O. Box 990, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario ). E. Martel and Sons Lumber Ltd. Box 488, Chapleau, Ontario Abitibi Paper Company Ltd. Toronto-Dominion Centre Toronto I, Ontario Northern Forest Products Limited P.O. Box 990, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario George Kenneth Stringer Box 983, South Porcupine, Ontario Abitibi Paper Company Limited Toronto-Dominion Centre Toronto 1, Ontario MacFie Toyvnship Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Balmer, Byshe & Ranger Townships Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Senn Toyvnship Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Lipsett Township Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Pardee Township Govvan & Wark Toyvnships Goodtellow & Fallis Townships 1969 New 1970 New 1972 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1974 Reissue 1970 1969 1971 1979 1971 1970 1971 New New Reissue Reissue Reissue New Reissue 1971 Reissue 1970 New continued 120 CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1 969-70 (connn.eco ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(l)OFC.T.A. Date Licensee Location Expiry Type of March 31st Transaction April 24/69 April 24/69 May 1/69 May 1/69 May 1 /69 May 1 /69 May 1/69 May 1 /69 May 1 /69 May 1/69 May 1/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 Sam Mitchell Englehart, Ontario Pembroke Lumber Company Limited P.O. Box 201, Pembroke, Ontario Reginald F. Walker Englehart, Ontario Rudolph-McChesney Lumber Company Box 150, Timmins, Ontario Woollings Forest Products Limited Englehart, Ontario )ake E. Stewart Limited R.R. # 1, Deep River, Ontario Temiskaming Wood Products Limited Main Street, Kirkland Lake, Ontario Weldwood of Canada Ltd. P.O. Box 395, Norwich Avenue Woodstock, Ontario Gillies Brothers & Co. Ltd. P.O. Box 68 Portage Du'Fort, Quebec Wm. Pollock & Son Limited Englehart, Ontario Widjiitiw.in Corporation St. May's Indian School Box 40, Kenora, Ontario Kokotow Lumber Limited 5 McCamus Avenue Kirkland Lake, Ontario Oscar Styffe Limited Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario loseph Kirouac Red Lake Road, Ontario Leonard lones Red Lake Road, Ontario Gerald lunkin Bobcaygeon, Ontario Maurice Ouellette P.O. Box 64, Drvden, Ontario Mulligan Township White, Edgar & Fitzgerald Townships Mulligan Township Hillary Township Sharpe Township Head, Bronson & Rolph Townships Arnold, Gauthier & Katrine Townships etc. Sherborne, McClintock & Livingstone 197, Townships etc. 1971 Reissue 1970 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1974 Reissue 1972 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1972 Reissue 1972 Reissue Fitzgerald Tounship Sharpe & Truax Townships May 1/69 Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Dunmore Township Hardwick& Lismore Townships Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Galway Township Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District 1971 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1972 New 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1970 New 1970 New 1972 Reissue 1970 New continued . . . 121 CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1969-70 (connn.ed; ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. Date Licensee Loctilion Expiry Type ot March 31st Transaction May 8/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 May 8/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 15/69 May 22/69 May 22/69 122 Henry lohnson Timber Co. Ltd. 369 Queen Street E. Sault Ste Mane, Ontario Bruce Campbell Quibell, Ontario Woollmgs Forest Products Ltd. Englehart, Ontario Hector Clouthier R R. #6, Pembroke, Ontario I. H. Normick Ltee Box 25CX3, La Sarre, Quebec Rene Ross Red Lake Road, Ontario |. H. Normick Ltee Box 2500, La Sarre, Quebec Oscar Stylie Limited Box 146, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario Feldman Timber Company Limited Timmins, Ontario Malette Lumber Limited P.O. Box 91, Timmins, Ontario Kerr Addison Mines Limited Virginiatown, Ontario Chapleau Lumber Company Limited Chapleau, Ontario Mattice Lumber Company Limited Mattice, Ontario A & L Lafreniere Lumber Ltd. P.O. Box 340, Chapleau, Ontario Kormak Lumber Co. Limited 6 Dufferin Street, Sudbury, Ontario Multiply Plywoods Limited P.O. Box 910, Nipigon, Ontario Trilake Timber Company Ltd. P.O. Box 361, Kenora, Ontario Wesont Lumber Company Ltd. P O. Box 89, Clifford, Ontario 3H Township Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Cook Township Head Township Sargeant & Berry Townships Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Marriott, Stoughton & Frechville Townships etc. Hardwick, Lismore& Robbins Townships etc. Godfrey Township Cote & Massey Townships Cassian, Katrine & McVittie Townships etc Lipsett Township Fleck Township Busby and Lipsett Townships De Gaulle Township Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Bridges Township Ashby & Mayo Townships 1972 New 1970 New 1972 Reissue 1972 Reissue 1970 New 1970 New 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1970 Reissue 1970 New 1972 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1971 New 1971 Reissue 1972 New 1970 New 1973 New 1974 Reissue continued . . . CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1969-70 fcont,.ued) ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(I)OFC.T.A. Dale Licensee Location Expiry Type of March 3lsl Transaction May 22/69 May 22/69 May 22/69 May 29/69 June 5/69 lune 5/69 )une5/69 lune 5/69 lune 5/69 lune 5/69 lune 12/69 lune 12/69 lune 12/69 lune 19/69 lune 19/69 lune 19/69 lune 19/69 lune 19/69 lune 19/69 Grant Lumber Company Ltd. Sixth Street, Elk Lake, Ontario Weldwood of Canada Limited P.O. Box 395, Norwich .Avenue Woodstock, Ontario Wilfred Paiement Earlton, Ontario Elmer Krieger Palmer Rapids, Ontario Ankney and Franklin Contracting Ltd. Savant Lake, Ontario Regional Logging Industries Limited P.O. Box 519. Dryden, Ontario Feldman Timber (Matheson) Ltd. P.O. Box 440, Timmins, Ontario Multiply Plywoods Limited P.O. 910, Nipigon, Ontario Ernest Peters R.R. #2, Fort Frances, Ontario T. E. Woollings Englehart, Ontario Vic Pearson & Sons Limited Box 1 13, Fort Frances, Ontario Maurice Lecours Box 1000, Hearst, Ontario Devlin Timber Company Ltd. 59 Drewey Drive, Kenora, Ontario FIek Timber Company Ltd. Opasatika, Ontario Buchanan Brothers (Ontario) Limited Red Rock, Ontario August E. Quade Quadeville, Ontario Rene Fabris P O. Box 327, Elliott Lake, Ontario Cockburn Lumber Limited General Delivery, Capreol, Ontario Dubreuil Brothers Limited Dubreuilville, Ontario Dunmore Township Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bav District Burt Township Griffith Township McCubbin, Conant and Boucher Townships MacFie Township Garrison, Marker & Elliott Townships etc. Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Clifford Township Farrington Township Bannerman Township Rice, Gundy & Malachi Townships etc. Fleck Tounship Glen & McMaster Townships Griffith & Lvndoch Townships Esten Tounship McLeod, Ellis & Selkirk Townships Townships 29, 53 and 54 etc. 1970 New 1970 New 1970 New 1972 Reissue 1970 New 1970 New 1970 New 1970 New 1972 New 1970 New 1973 New 1971 Reissue 1974 New 1971 New 1970 New 1972 Reissue 1970 New 1972 New 1974 New continued . . . 123 CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1 969-70 Mn.n.ec/) ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. Date lune 26/69 luly 3/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 10/69 luly 17-69 luly 17/69 luly 17/69 luly 17/69 124 Licensee Location Expiry Type of March 31st Transaction Domtar Limited P.O. Box 7210, Montreal, Quebec George R. Stein Schutt, Ontario Pembroke Lumber Company Limited P.O. Box 201, Pembroke, Ontario Charles Leray R.R. # 1, Keewatin, Ontario Buchanan Brothers (Ontario) Limited Red Rock, Ontario j. Lafreniere and Sons Ltd. Box 126, Sturgeon Falls, Ontario Howard-Bienvenu Inc. La Sarre, Quebec Gillies Bros. & Co. Ltd. P.O. Box 68 Portage Du Fort, Quebec Jake E. Stewart Limited R.R. # 1, Deep River, Ontario Swanson Bros. Logging Contractor P O. Box 1209, Cochrane, Ontario I. D. Levesque Box 460, Hearst, Ontario Woollings Forest Products Limited Englehart, Ontario Pembroke Lumber Co. Limited P.O. Box 201, Pembroke, Ontario Ranger Logging Limited 99 Pine Street Sault Ste Marie, Ontario Boreal Timber Limited Box 627, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario G. A. Querel Box 54, Vermilion Bay, Ontario Benoit D'Amours R.R. # 1, Moonbeam, Ontario Faraday, Limerick & Tudor Townships etc. Ashby Township 1974 Reissue 1974 Reissue White, Edgar & Fitzgerald Townships 1970 Reissue Gidley Township 1972 New Unsurveyed Territory 1970 New Thunder Bay District Angus, Parkman & Burnaby Townships 1972 Reissue Lamplugh & Marker Townships Fitzgerald Township Head, Rolph & Bronson Townships Beniah Township Shannon Township Terry Township White & Fitzgerald Townships Twp. 175 Goldie Township Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Nansen Township 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1972 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1972 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1970 New 1970 New continued . . . CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, \969-70 >con,nue,, ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. Expiry Type ot Date Licensee Location March 31st Transaction )uly 17/69 July 17/69 luly 17/69 luly 17/69 luly 17/69 luly 17/69 luly 17/69 luly 17/69 lulv 17/69 luly 17/69 tuly 24/69 July 24/69 luly 24/69 luly 31/69 luly 31/69 luly 31/69 August 7/69 I Leo Cauthier Limited 188 Tanguay Street Sudbury, Ontario I- Leo Cauthier Limited 188 Tanguay Street Rene Champoux Wabos, Ontario Chantier Co-Operative de Barker Val Rita, Ontario The Great Lakes Paper Company Limited Postal Station "F" Thunder Bay, Ontario Roy Bye 179 Woodward Ave., Sault Ste iMarie Malette Lumber Limited P.O. Box 91, Timmins, Ontario Herb Shaw and Sons Limited R.R, =46, Pembroke, Ontario Rosaire Bouchard R.R. # 1, Moonbeam, Ontario Sawyer-Stoll Lumber Company ot Canada Limited Kaladar, Ontario Laurent Duplin Searchmont, Ontario Henry Johnson Timber Co, Limited 368 Queen Street East Sault Ste Marie, Ontario Lionel Cauthier R.R. =2, Heyden, Ontario Northern Forest Products Limited Box 990, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario Milton K. Krieger R.R. #1, Rainy River, Ontario Louis Brun Co. Ltd Field, Ontario Consolidated-Bathurst Limited Box 68, Portage Du Fort, Quebec Cotton & Howey Townships Cotton & Howey Townships Marne Township Barker Township Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay Hodgins Township Fortune Township Bronson, Stratton & Head Townships Hansen Township Miller Tovynship Sheilds Township Townships 22 and 23 Hodgms Township Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Tweedsmuir & Phillips Townships McNish Township Hartle& Burnaby Townships 1973 New 1973 New 1970 New 1970 New 1982 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1975 New 1971 Reissue 1970 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1970 New 1970 New 1974 New 1972 Reissue 1973 Reissue 125 continued . CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1 969-70 (con...ec, ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(i)OFC.T.A. Date Licensee Location Expiry Type of March 31st Transaction August 13/69 August 13/69 August 13/69 August 21/69 August 21/69 August 21/69 August 21/69 August 21/69 August 21/69 August 21/69 September 4/69 September 1 1/69 September 1 1 /69 September 1 1/69 September 1 1/69 September 1 1/69 126 Isidore Carre River Valley, Ontario Veilleux Brothers Limited Shiningtree, Ontario Dryden Paper Company Limited Dryden, Ontario Midway Lumber Mills Limited Thessalon, Ontario Alfred Isabelle Box 1 19, Opasatika, Ontario Ross Lake Lumber Limited 604Oakwood Avenue North Bay, Ontario Ludger Otis 73 Royal York Blvd. Sault Ste Mane, Ontario G & B Logging Limited 5 First Avenue, Wawa, Ontario Regis Poulin 378 Frontenac Street Sault Ste Mane, Ontario Henry Selin Forest Products Limited Hearst, Ontario Gagnon Lumber Limited Box 519, Kenora, Ontario Boreal Timber Limited Box 627, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario Weyerhaeuser of Canada Ltd. P.O. Box 179 Richmond Hill, Ontario Herb Shaw & Sons Ltd. R R. #6, Pembroke, Ontario Howard Smith Paper Mills Limited P.O. Box 7210 Montreal 101, Quebec Herb Shaw and Sons Ltd. R.R. #6, Pembroke, Ontario Pardo Township Stull Township Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Township IF McCowan Township Notman Township Hodgins Township Townships 30 & 31 Township 27 McFarlan Township Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Township 28 Niven & Dickson Townships Cameron, Papmeau & Boyd Townships etc. Niven Township 1972 Reissue 1971 New 1970 New 1975 New 1970 New 1972 New 1970 New 1970 New 1970 New 1974 New 1972 New 1970 New 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1972 New 1971 Reissue continued . . . CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, ]969-70 ,onanue,> ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. Expiry Type ot Date Licensee Location March 31st Transaction September 1 1/69 September 18/69 September 18/69 September 18/69 September 25/69 October 2/69 October 2/69 October 2/69 October 2/69 October 2/69 October 2/69 October 9/69 October 23/69 November 13/69 November 13/69 November 13/69 Weyerhaeuser oi Canada Limited Box 179, Richmond Hill, Ontario Murra\ Bros. Lumber Co. Ltd. Barrys' Bay, Ontario Grant and Wilson Lumber Limited Swastika, Ontario La Societe Co-Operative De Mattice Mattice, Ontario William A. McMurray Gilmour, Ontario Weyerhaeuser of Canada Limited Box 179, Richmond Hill, Ontario L. H. Ian L'Amable, Ontario Murray Bros. Lumber Co. Ltd. Barrys' Ba\ , Ontario Feldman Timber Company Limited Timmins, Ontario lames Gibson & Sons Limited P.O. Box 734, North Bay, Ontario Boyes Brothers Vankoughnet, Ontario Louis Charland 712 Third Line West Sault Ste .Marie, Ontario .Meadowside Lumber Limited 1230 Fraser Street North Bay, Ontario The Great Lakes Paper Company Limited P.O. 430, Postal Station "F" Thunder Bay , Ontario Regis Poulin 378 Frontenac Street Sault Ste Mane, Ontario Isidore Roy 175 Front Street Sturgeon Falls, Ontario Township 28 Clancy Township Burt Township McCrea Toyvnship Cashel Township Osborne, Portas & Eddy Townships etc. Anslruther Township Dickson & Anglin Townships Enid Township BKth Township Oakley Township Gaudette Township Charlton & Lyman Townships Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Township 27 Davis Township 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1970 New 1970 New 1974 New 1990 New 1976 New 1970 New 1970 New 1974 New 1973 New 1970 New 1970 New 1970 New 1970 New 1971 New continued 127 CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1 969-70 fcon.n.ed) ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. Date November 13/69 November 13/69 November 12/69 November 27/69 December 4/69 December 4/69 December 1 1/69 Dec. 18/69 lanuary 22/70 January 29/70 lanuary 29/70 lanuary 29/70 lanuary 29/70 February 5/70 February 5/70 February 5/70 128 Licensee Location Expiry Type of March 31st Transaction Rogerson Lumber Company Limited Port Loring, Ontario The Great Lakes Paper Company Limited P.O. Box 430, Postal Station "F" Thunder Bay, Ontario Lecours Lumber Company Calstock, Ontario L. Vincent Burns Box 222, Massey, Ontario Wabigoon Lakes Corporation DInorwIck, Ontario Maurice Lacourslere Searchmont, Ontario Floyd E. M. Drager P.O. Box 168 Red Lake, Ontario Patrick Roblllard Box 539, Red Lake, Ontario T. G. Fleron Limited Thessalon, Ontario The Morrison Bros. Ltd. Marten River, Ontario Spruce Falls Power and Paper Company Limited 2 Carlton Street, Toronto Wilfred Paiement Earlton, Ontario Peter Denys Point Aux Pin Sault Ste Marie, Ontario Firesteel Contractors Limited P.O. Box 1 194, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario Grant Lumber Co. Ltd. Sixth Street, Elk Lake, Ontario A. E. lacobson Lumber Co. Ltd. 223 South Hill Street Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario Stalin Township Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Auden Township Tennyson Township Satterly Township Gaudette and Hodglns Township Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Haughton Township Flett Township Bradley, FHarmon and Cockshutt Townships etc. Burt Township Township 27 Langworthy Township Dunmore Township Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District 1972 New 1970 New 1970 New 1971 Reissue 1977 New 1970 New 1972 New 1974 New 1972 New 1972 New 1982 Reissue 1971 New 1971 Reissue 1974 New 1971 1973 New New continued . CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1 969-70 Mn.n.ed) ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. Expiry Type of Date Licensee Location March 31st Transaction February 5/70 Laurent Duplin Searchmont, Ontario February 12/70 Lambert VVasmund Maple Leaf, Ontario February 12/70 Shuniah Contracting Limited R.R. #13, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario February 19/70 K. Kutschke & Son Limited R.R. = 1, Pembroke, Ontario February 19/70 Louis Charland 712 Third Line West Sault Ste Marie, Ontario February 19/70 August E. Quade Quadeville, Ontario February 26/70 Malette Lumber Limited P.O. Box 91, Timmins, Ontario February 26/70 Denis Dostie P.O. Box 1328 Blind River, Ontario February 26/70 Pearson Forest Products Limited P.O. Box 219 Fort Frances, Ontario February 26/70 Frank X. Landry Box 27, Atikokan, Ontario February 26/70 Kent Brothers Limited R.R. * ], Sundridge, Ontario February 26/70 Vernon Armstrong P.O. Box 429 Fort Frances, Ontario February 26/70 Seine River Tourist and Timber Limited P.O. Box 399 Fort Frances, Ontario February 26/70 Boreal Timber Limited P.O. Box 627, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario February 26/70 Dawson Robinson Maynooth, Ontario March 5/70 Malette Lumber Limited P.O. Box 91, Timmins, Ontario Shields Township Wicklow & Herschel Townships Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District Rolph and VVylie Townships Gaudette Township Brudnell and Lyndoch Townships Cote, .Vlassey and Whitesides Townships Montgomery Township Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Schwenger Township Butt Township Griesinger Township Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Unsurveyed Territory Thunder Bay District McClure Township Kenogammg Township 1970 New 1975 Reissue 1970 New 1973 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1970 New 1971 New 197! Reissue 1972 Reissue 1973 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1972 Reissue 1973 Reissue 1971 New 1975 New 1973 Reissue continued . 129 CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, 1 969-70 (con.n.ed, ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. E\pir\ Type ot Date Licensee Location March 31st Transaction March 5/70 Vic Pearson and Sons Limited Box 1 13, Fort Frances, Ontario March 5/70 Kormak Lumber Company Limited 6 Dufferin Street Sudbury, Ontario March 5/70 Nym Lake Timber Company Box 760, Atlkokan, Ontario March 5/70 Hoey & McMillan Limited Box 2019, Dryden, Ontario March 5/70 William Saskosky P.O. Box 575, Red Lake, Ontario March 5/70 Albert Kapush Contracting Limited R.R. #2, Postal Station "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario March 5/70 M. |. Labelle Co. Ltd. Box 410, Cochrane, Ontario March 5/70 William Stewart Murray Flanders, Ontario March 12/70 Kokotow Lumber Limited 5 McCamus Avenue Kirkland Lake, Ontario March 12/70 T. E. Woollmgs Englehart, Ontario March 12/70 I, H. Normick Ltee Box 2500, La Sarre, Quebec March 12/70 ). H. Normick Ltee Box 2500, La Sarre, Quebec March 19/70 Rudolph McChesney Lumber Company Limited Box 150, Timmms, Ontario March 19/70 Maurice Lecoursiere Searchmont, Ontario March 19/70 Ernest Peters R.R. #2, Fort Frances, Ontario March 19/70 Chapleau Lumber Company Limited Chapleau, Ontario March 19/70 Leo Lapierre 418 Wilson Avenue Timmlns, Ontario 130 Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District NImitz Township Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Bridges Township Unsurveyed Territory Kenora District Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Leitch Township Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Dunmore Township Clifford Township Sargeant Township Marriott, Rand and Marker Townships etc. Kenogaming Township Hodgins and Gaudette Townships Unsurveyed Territory Rainy River District Buckland and Ramsden Townships Sewell Township 1972 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1972 New 1976 New 1971 New 1971 New 1973 Reissue 1973 Reissue 1971 New 1971 New 1971 New 1971 New 1975 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1973 New 1972 Reissue 1973 Reissue continued . . . CROWN TIMBER LICENCES, \969-70 ,.on,nue,) ISSUED BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 3(1) OF C.T.A. Expiry Type of Date Licensee Location March 31st Transaction March 19/70 March 19/70 March 26/70 Warch 26/70 March 26/70 March 26/70 Vic Pearson & Sons Limited Box 1 13, Fort Frances, Ontario Clarence VVasmund .Maple Leaf, Ontario Liskeard Lumber Limited 159 Faren Street New Liskeard, Ontario L\nch and LeMay 190 luniper Drive Postal District "P" Thunder Bay, Ontario Multiply Plywoods Ltd. Box 910, Nipigon, Ontario Central Timber Products Red Lake, Ontario Unsurveyed Territory Rain\ River District VVicklow Township McCiftin Township Fraleigh Township |y"2 Reissue 1972 Reissue 1971 Reissue 1971 Reissue Conacher and Blackwell Township 1971 New Unsurveyed Territory 1973 New Kenora District 131