Author: Pennsylvania Department of Forestry Title: Report of the Department of Forestry of the State of Pennsylvania for the years ..., 1914-1915 Place of Publication: Harrisburg, Pa. Copyright Date: 1916 Master Negative Storage Number: MNS# PSt SNPaAg071 .3 FILMED WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A COPY BORROWED FROM: University of Michigan Commonwealth of Pennsylvania FRANK D. JEUALI), Stato iMuoster JiMK' 14, 1SS3— November 12, \UU. REPORT OF THE VOkM' -- DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY OF THE • * * . ' '. . • STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA FOK THE YEARS 1914-1915 HARRISBURG, PA.: WM. STAJJLEY RAY, STATE PRINTER. 1916 OFFICIAL DOCUMENT, No «6 PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY, THE STATE FORESTRY RESERVATION COMMISSION Robert S. Conklin, President, Columbia, Lancaster county. S. B. Elliott, Reynoldsville, Jefferson county. J. Linn Harris, Bellefonte, Centre county. William P. Stevenson,* McVeytown, Mifflin county. J. M. Hoffman, § Johnstown, Cambria county. OFFICE OF THE COMMISSIONER OF FORESTRY. Commissioner of Forestry, Robert S. Conklin, Columbia, Lancaster county Deputy Commissioner of Forestry, Irvin C. Williams, Esq., Royersford, Mont- gomery county. Clerk, A. Elwyn Strode, West Chester, Chester county. Clerk i George W. Howard, Chester, Delaware county. •Appointed February 6. 1914. jAppointed May 20, 1915. •if 31064« (1) OFFICIAL DOCUMENT, No. 29. TABLE OF CONTENTS. (2) Page 1 Department Roster, ^ List of Illustrations, ** ^ Letter of Transmittal, ^ Report of the Commissioner of Forestry, ' ^^ Roster of Foresters, ^2 Roster of Forest Rangers, ^^^^ Foresters and Rangers, changes in, ^^ Forest Fires, ^^ Private forest fire protective associations, ^^ New Construction and Repairs, Legislation, -- Legal Affairs, ^ Financial Statement, State Forest Receipts, Permanent Camp Leases, Temporary Camping Permits, • Foresters' Individual and Specific Reports, » Summary of Data since the Establishment of State Forests, W Forest Inspector's Report, Fixed Charges on State Land, Land Grant Applications, ^ T '^ Department Leases, Leases for the Occupancy of Buildings, Timber Sales, ^ Rights of Way, ^ Telephone Contracts, Prior Subsisting Contracts, Nursery Report, Asaph, J23 Greenwood , Clearfield, Penfield , „ Austin, -rtfl ^ - iM Bald Eagle, __. _ ^ 120 Black Forest, Buffalo, .^ Caledonia, „ .Chatham , „ Grays Run, Hull, J29 Kettle Creek , Loyalsock , Lushbaugh, ,_. loU ^^*^^^' .. 130 Nittany , Ole Bull, (3) lAfA. CONTENTS. No. 26. Page Penn, 131 Pine Grove, 131 Pocono, 131 Seven Mountain, 132 Sinnemahoning, 132 Snow Shoe, 192 Whetham , 132 White Deer, I33 Forest Nursery Tables, I34 State Forest Planting, I57 State Forest Planting Tables, 108 Silviculture and Mensuration, Igg Topographic and Stock Surveys, 187 Barree Forest, _ 188 Seven Mountain Forest, 190 Penn Forest, igO Greenwood Forest, 191 Kishaeoquillas Forest, 191 Jacks Mountain Forest, 191 Pennypacker Forest, 192 Topographic and Stock Surveys, Summary of Costs for Lines Run, 193 Surveys, 194-196 Lightning in the State Forests, 200 Fought Fire and Forgot to Vote, 201 Telephone Poles of Glass , 202 Society of Eastern Foresters, Summer Meeting, 1915, 202 Frank D. Jerald, State Forester, 205 Testimonial Luncheon to Dr. J. T. Rothrock, 209 Summary of Forest Fires for 1914, 220 Timber Cut in Pennsylvania, 1914, 222 Timber Cut in Pennsylvania, 1915, 226 Value of Pennsylvania's Forest Products for 1915, 230 OFFICIAL DOCUMENT, No. 28. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Page Frank D. Jerald, State Forester, Frontispiece Chestnut Blight Map, j^ Forest Banger's Home, Lackawanna State Forest, 15 Observation Tower, Lackawanna State Forest, 1^ Cabin on the Barree State Forest, ^ Lifting, Counting, and Bunching Seedlings for Shipment, Mont Alto Nur- sery, Spading Beds Preparatory to Sowing Seed, Mont Alto Nursery, iw Seedlings Heeled in. Preparatory to Planting, 1^1 Two Year Old European Larch, Clearfield Nursery, 1<^1 Character of land to be planted on Caledonia State Forest in 1916, 156 White Pine planted on the Caledonia State Forest in 1906, 1^6 Character of growth on Pine Grove Forest Burned April 20, 1^15, 150 White Pine Plantation, Mont Alto State Forest, 156 European Larch Plantation on the Stone State Forest, 1^ Norway Spruce and Bull Pine, Jacob Nolde Estate, 157 Japanese Larch, Jacob Nolde Estate, • Scotch Pine, Jacob Nolde Estate, ^^ Forester W.J. Bartschat with small folding sight compass running a second- 186 ary traverse, • Topographer J. M. Houtz with light mountain transit running a primary traverse, Topography of the Jacks Mountain State Forest, ^^ Topographic survey crew running a primary traverse , 1^ Form for making concrete compartment corner posts, 1°^ Concrete Corner Posts, Compartment line crossing Round Top Mountain, 1^ Beds of two year old white pine seedlings, Asaph Nursery, 1«2 Two Year Old White Pine planted in permanent plantation when one year I Mr/. old, Buchanan Forest, Permanent Sample plot established in second growth hardwoods, Barree State Forest, Establishing a permanent sample plot, Barree State Forest, J^ The Society of Eastern Foresters at Mont Alto, ., ^^ ; • (8) OFFICIAL DOCUMENT, No. 26. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. HON. MARTIN G. BRUMBAUGH, Governor: Sir: I have the honor to present herewith the report of the De- partment of Forestry for the years 1914 and 1915. I desire to call attention particularly to the amount of development work which has been put upon the State Forests during the two years covered by this report, and to suggest that the usefulness of the forest and its power to return revenue is and will in the near future be directly proportionate to the amount of development which may be under- taken and completed. Could the forests all be developed equally and in a limited time, we feel that the response to such effort would be greatly worth while and would result in rapidly increasing the size of the State School Fund, into which all revenue from State Forests is paid according to law. I am, indeed, Most respectfully yours, ROBERT S. CONKLIN, Commissioner of Forestry. Harrisburg, Pa., December'31, 1915. (6) (7) OFFICIAL DOCUMENT, No. 26. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA. REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF FORESTRY FOR THE YEARS 1914-15. On January 1, 1914, the area of the State Forests was 994,029 acres, 20.85 perches. During 1914 there was an addition made amounting to 8,939 acres, 104.9 perches. During the year 1915 an addition of 3,922 acres, 129 perches, was made, thus bringing the area of the State Forests on January 1, 1916, to 1,006,891 acres, 94.75 perches. No new state forests were created during the period covered by this report. Purchases made were additions to existing forests. The State lands are, therefore, located in the same 26 counties as formerly. A detailed statement of the purchases covering the years 1914 and 1915, is as follows: 1914. Grantor. County. A. D. UDdegraff I Kt'J'e'?*''^* Larkawanna Lumber Co t>^rrv '" Sylvania E. Smith \ZZ Josephine E. Allen, Jacob O'Donnell Wm. H. Ellis and J. H. Bailey Merchants Union Trust Co., George S. Parsons ::•'•'• 'A: •'r'i:,"-^''!'*' Michael Wolf, Tacie E. Wolf and Tacie B Wolf, guardian for Rowland H. Wolf Vacant Lycoming, Perry Lycoming, Pike Lycoming, Lycoming, Centre, .. Total. m a> 00 .a 0) o M M (J V < ^ 102 6 8.939 a a o a o 2,572 11 3,696 81 72 3& 114 30 24 103 396 80 830 144 1,123 132 39 89.9 $3,858 10 7,393.01 234 71 285 46 123 22 991 25 3,323 60 3,090 62 332 29 104.9 119,632 16 (sy (•) 10 REPORT OF THE Ofe. Doc. 1915. Grantor. County. • ea « BO .a 0) O u u CI o < (U o a « 3 o H Dr. Oliver W. H. Glover and D. R. Pursley, R. L. Leinbach Hayes Parson, F. B. Baldwin Fred Gebhardt H. Russell Hill William J. Kopp Union Clinton, ... Huntingdon, Potter, Pilie Lycoming, . Clearfield, . Total, 328 1,842- 68 1,453 79 54 95 129 14 90 150 138 88 3,922 129 $1,644 03 1,558 15 170 00 4,360 68 159 88 164 69 238 88 18,296 81 A small additional area is under contract, about sufficient to require the balance of the appropriation made at the session of 1915. It is estimated that at least 8,000,000 acres of the total area of the State consists of land not well suited for anything else but the growing of trees. With a little more than 1,000,000 acres in State ownership, it becomes obvious at once that an area of about 7,000,000 acres still in private ownership is being indifferently cared for and probably will not receive the development it should have in order to bring it up to its producing capacity. The State should, there- fore, increase its holdings. From the experience gained as Com- missioner during a period of more than ten years, I am convinced that the State ultimately ought to own not less than 5,000,000 acres in State Forests, and that the holding should be extended into counties where there are none at present. In my former report it was suggested that at least 22 more counties should appear in the list as containing State Forests. For the sake of the collateral things for which State Forests are valuable, we believe their acqui- sition at this time to be distinct economy, and their gradual develop- ment under State protection would be of value today, even though that development proceed slowly. Forest areas in State ownership receive better attention than similar land in private ownership. The welfare of the State demands that as much as possible of our wild and abandoned land be brought back to a productive condition, the sooner the better. No. 26 DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 11 pen:nsylvania forest service. On September 1, 1914, ten graduates from the State Forest Acad- emy were added to the service as Forest Rangers, and on June 1, 1915, were promoted to be full foresters. On September 1, 1915, four graduates of the Academy were added to the service as foresters. These students completed their three-year courses and were assigned to work by the Department. The roster of the foresters on December 31, 1915, was as follows: Forester. State Forest. Avery, John B., Baer, Chaa. B., Barnes, Li. G., Bartschat, W. J., ..•• Bastian, John A Bearer, V. M Blotsch, Tom O Bodine, A. W Bryner. H. B Byers, Wm. L Conlilin, Robert Q., . Conklin. W. Gard., . Critchley, H. F., .... Dagiie, Wm, F Dutlinger. F. H Elliott, Harry B Eraerick, R. Lynn, .. Evans, H. 0 Evans, W. B Fawley, Russell Fox, P. Hartman. ... Golden, Thomas H., Harbeson, Thos. C, Hocentogler, J. R., . Horning. W. Harold, Houpt, W. Elmer, ... Houtz, Jesse M Illiok, Jos. S Keller, John W., .. Kirk. Carl L. Address. Minisink Office Nittany • > Jacks Mountain Loyalsock, Stuart Greenwood, Rothrock , Pennvpacker, New Germantown Bedford Rainsburg Notch. Harrisburg. Centre Hall. Troxelville. Loyalsock. Ligonier. .« «. .^t •• McAlevysfort, R. D. No. 1. Moimt Union, R. D. No. 1. Caledonia, Office Young Womans Creek, Clearfield, Hopkins, Sinnemalioning, Coudersport, Pine Sizerville KishacoquiUas, Austin Ole Bull Chatliam McElhattan Lushbaugh, Brumbaugh Jacks Mountain Mont Alto Blackwells, Penfleld Pennypacker, Leach, Walter , ^ Ludwig, Walter D | Bear Meadows, McCool, B. B i Caledonia McNaughton. N. R l Karthaus McN'eal. James B., Reading Meek, Chas. R Mctzgor, Homer S., Montgomery, W. B, Morgan, H. H., .. Morton, T. Roy, .. Mulford, Paul H., Muller, Max E., .. Mumma, Walter M . Mustin, Maurice | Office, Neefe, Robert R Black Forest, Hull Pine Grove, Mont Alto, . Office Buchanan. .. Whetham, Ponn, Tea Spring, ... Seven Mountain, Office Barree Stone Kettle Creek. .. Office, Perry, George S. Powers, Jas. B., .... Retan, Geo. A Rowland, H. B., Jr. Rusp, Alfred B R.von, J. B., Sheeler, Geo. W Snow Shoe, Staddcn, Robert W 1 Promised Land. Sllvlus, A. C, Smith, Edgar H Siggins. H. W Buffalo, Bald Eagle. Office Btaley, Lewis E. I Mont Alto, Fayettevllle. Harrisburg. North Bend. Clearfield. Westiwrt. Sinnemahoning. Coudersport. Waterville. Sizerville. Milroy. Austin. Crossfork. Little Marsh. Loganton, R, D. No. 2. Sinnemahoning. Altcb. Troxelville. Mont Alto. Lloyd. Penflpld. New Germantown. Boalsburg. Shippensburg. Karthaus. Reading. Coburn. Loganton, R. D. No. 1. Spring Mills, R. D. No. t. Harrlsburf. Petersburg. Asaph. Hammeraley Fork. Harrisburg. Harrisburg. Slate Run. Conrad. Pine Grove Furnace. Mont Alto. Harrisburg. Fort Loudon. Glen Union. Snow Shoe. Canadensis, R. D. Laurelton. Elimsport. Harrisburg. Mont Alto. 12 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. Forester. State Forest. Address. Strobeok John L Pocono Analomink. R. D. Vanllorn. H. C Warfleld, D. K Wells. Arthur B Williams, John R Winter, R. B., Wirt, George H Wltherow, John L., Woof. Chas. E Zerby, Chas. B Ziegler, B. A Now Bf rsen Carter Camp. Milroy. Fields Station. Pine Grove Furnace. Mifflinburg, R. D. No. 2. Harrisburg. Kishacoquillas Grays Run Pine Grove White Deer Office, McClure Greenwood, Medix Mont Alto Bast Waterford. McAlevysfort, R. D. No. 1. Medix Run. Mont Alto. The roster of the Forest Rangers on the above date was as follows : Ranger. Albert, Stewart Amig, J. W Armstrong, G. W Ayers, A. W., Bailey, C. M Barndt, W. R Barr, Merritt, Benson, Daniel Boop, Howard J Briclcer, John Brooks, M. N. U. L., . Buck. William, Campbell, O, M Carbaugh, Jas. E Carlin. J. V Chandlee, Frank Crum. R. M., Dean, H. J Deter, G. C Bttinger, Wm. H Fish. M. L Fourness. M. A Frank. Ferdinand Harbeson, D. R Harpster, W. H Hart, Herman N., Hassler. B. F., Hatton. Wm. K Huff, Wm. C Hemmerly, Chas Jenckes, E. N., Johnston. Frank Kamp, Adam Kauffman, W. !> Keeney, Milton Koontz. Leroy Lebo, Samuel Leonard, Chas. E Lewis, Leon F Libby, David Lightner. S. H Lipp, Geo. M Manley. Joseph Maurer. Wm. 0 McElwee, James McCoy, R. B McKinney, Wm. F Meredith. D. K Merrill, R. K , Middleswarth, C. J., ... Monsell, John Motz, Carl Nelson, John Olson, Henry M Oppel, Herman A Perry, Harry B., Pidcoe, G. H Reitz. Robert Rellihan, John Klvlere. E. T Post Office. Cresco Richfield Westport Costello Sinnemahoning, ... Somerset, No. 3, .. Karthaus, McAlevysfort McAlevysfort Mont Alto, Driftwood, Cammal Fayetteville, Metal Slate Run Sinnemahoning, Milroy, No. 1 Graysville Troxelville Lloyd Coudersport. No. 6, Edgemere , White Deer Charter Oak New Germantown, . Fayetteville Ivords Valley Westport North Bend A.sapn, Penfleld Lock Haven Thornhurst Cross Fork New Germantown, . Lucullus Fayetteville Gnines Weikert Cottage Montoursville Montgomery, No. 2, Troxelville Orrtanna, No. 2. ... McVeytown Spring Mills Doylesburg Glen Union Troxelville Reedsville, No. 1. .. Woodward Clearfield Cross Fork Wistie, Fayetteville. Williamsp3-t, Boalsburg, Lock Haven Milford Forest. Pocono, Shade Mt., Hopkins, Hull Sinnemahoning Stuart Karthaus, Greenwood, Greenwood Mont Alto Medix Karthaus, Pine Caledonia Buchanan Black Sinnemahoning Kishacoquillas Barree Jacks Mountain Blackwells, Austin Minisink, Tea Springs, Bear Meadows Pennypacker, Caledonia, Minisink Hopkins Young Womans Creek, Stone, Penfleld McElhattan Lackawanna, Ole Bull Pennypacker. Pine Caledonia loLUU^i ••••••••••••■■••■•« A CAAlai •••••••••••••••••••« Barree Loyalsock, ...» Bald Eagle •Tacks Mountain Caledonia Rothrock Seven Mountain Pennypacker, Whetlinm Jacks Mountain Greenwood Buffalo Clearfield, Ole Bull Rothrock Caledonia, I.oyalsock Bear Meadows Crawford, Westfall Forester. Strobeck, ... Dutlinger, .. Perry Elliott Bearer, McNaughton. Bietsch. ..... Bietsch, Staley Zerby McNaughton, Evans, H. C. Conklin Rupp Neefe, Elliott, Warfield, Morton, Bartschat, Keller. Fox. Avery. Metzger. Ludwig, ..... Bryner Conklin Avery Dutlinger. ... Critchley, ... Mulford , Kirk , Hogontogler, Golden, Bryner Evans, H. C. Conklin , Mulford, Meek Morton Bastian Smith Bartschat, .. Conklin, Bodine Montgomery, Bryner Ryon Bartschat, .., Bietsch Silvius Dague Golden, Bodine Conklin Bastian liUdwig, Ryon o •a 127 109 101 205 208 174 207 152 122 113 149 196 175 108 142 105 120 lOT 102 153 214 147 126 140 118 124 104 181 161 162 156 123 128 137 168 141 160 212 213 133 108 150 172 182 211 107 166 143 186 154 144 178 159 187 151 169 lU 138 202 148 No. 2t. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 13 Ranger. )«•••• Post Office. Roadarmel, S. M. Rogers, L. W., . Hoss, G. Bdw., . Schwab, Robert, Seese, H. P.. .... Shaffer, John S., Shoemaker, A. L. Smith, J. F., .... Smith, Edw. H., Slaley, Harry, .. Stover, L. M Stull. Henry L., . Sundy, F. P Swartz, C. A., .. Swartzell, T. L., . Tliomas, H. L Van Cleve, Harry, Wheeler, Jerome J Will. C. D Wilson, Edgar, .. Winkebleck, John, Wirth, Wm Woodside, Sam T., Wykoff, L. C Welshans, J. W., Mifflinburg, No. 2, ... Waterville McAlevysfort, Leetonia, Renovo, • Mont .Alto, Beech Creek Chambersburg, No. 4, Ra4nsburg Mont AltD Livonia, Fayetteville McCrea, Sterling Run, Milroy, R. D Mont Alto, Cross Fork, Wellsboro, Slate Run Canadensis, No. 1, .. Beech Creek, . Milroy, Black Log Firstfo k • Loganton Forest. White Deer Pine Greenwood Blackwells Hopkins. Mont Alto Snow Shoe, Buchanan, Bedford Mont Alto White Deer, ... Caledonia Pennypacker, ... Lushbaugh, ..... Kishacoquillas, Mont Alto, .. . New Bergen, .. Chatham Black Promised Land, Snow Shoe Kishacoquillas, Rothrock Lushbaugh, .... Tea Springs, ... Forester. o Winter Evans, H. C, Bietsch, Keller Dutlinger, ... Staley Sheeler, Rupp jsycrSf •••••••• staley Winter Conklin Bryner, Horning Warfield Staley VanHorn, — Harbeson Neefe Stadden. . Sheeler, Warfleld, ... Bodine Horning, ... Metzger, 183 199 116 171 125 117 106 165 203 179 180 185 129 194 132 134 188 215 200 111 192 121 206 131 201 Changes in the service during the two years covered by this re- port, were as follows : FORESTERS APPOINTED. Name. R. Lynn Emerick, .. v. yi. Bearer, H. P. Critchley, ... Jesse M. Houtz, .... W. E. Montgomery, Max E. Muller, Robert R. Neefe, ... Geo. S. Perry Chas. B. Zerby Thos. H. Golden, ... B. B. McCool L. G. Barnes W. J. Bartschat, ... Russell Fawley, .... Thos. C. Harbeson, . W. H. Horning Walter Leach Howard Siggins R. W. Staddon H. C. VanHorn Chas. E. Zerby, .. Chas. E. Baer H. H. Morgan James E. Powers, ... H. B. Rowland, Jr. George 11. Wirt, ... H. W. Siggins James E. McNeal, . Walter D. Ludwig, Forest. District Forester, .. Stuart, Young Womans Creek, . Nittany Seven Mountain Kettle Creek Black, Hull, • Medix Ole Bull Caledonia, Nittany Jacks Mountain, Kishacoquillas Chatham Lushbaugh Pennypacker Seven Motmtain, Promised Land New Bergen, Greenwood Office, Office, Pine Grove, Office Chief Forest Fire Wardo Clerk District Forester District Forester ••••••••' n. Date. October 1, 1914. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. .lune 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1. 1915. June 1. 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1. 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1. 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. June 1, 1915. September 1, 1915. September 1, 1915. September 1, 1915, September 1, 1915. September 1, 1915. September 1, 1915. October 1, 1915. October 1, 1915. 14 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. KANGERS APPOINTED. Name. Forest. Date. Harrv B. Perrv Caledonia April 1, 1914. Henrv L Stull Caledonia April 1, 1914. Ohas E3 Leonard Caledonia April 1, 1914. John Br icker Mont Alto April 1, 1914. John Shaffer Mont Alto April 1, 1914. Harrv L Thomas Mont Alto April i, 1914. Harrv W. Stalev Mont Alto April 1, 1914. Charles Hemmerly Young Womans Creek, Tea Snrines April 1, 1914. J. W. Welshans August 1. 1914. Leonard Q. Barnes.* Nittanr September 1, 1914. H. W. Sleeina.* Seven Mountains Se]>tember 1, 1914. Russell Pawley,* Kislincoquillas Serttember 1, 1914. W. H Hornine.* Lushbaueh September 1, 1914. Walter Learh.* Bear Meadows September 1, 1914. R. W. Stadden,* Office Seiitember 1, 1914. W J. Bartschat.* Jacks Mountain September 1, 1914. H. C. VanHorn.* New Bersren Ser»tember 1, 1914. Thos. C. Harbeson.* Chatham, September 1, }914. Chas. B. Woof,* Greenwood, September 1. 1914. Chandlee. Frank Black April 15, 1915. Chatham, May 1, 1915. Benson. Daniel Greenwood , October 1, 1915. •Promoted to Forester June 1, 1915. Deaths and Resignations. Name. Forest. Date. F. D. Jerald, Forester John R. Elder, Forester Wm. S. McCoy, Forest Ranger, ... T. J. Temple, Forest Ranger Harry H. Kiel. Forest Ranger David Knepper, Forest Ranger, ... S. L. Mull. Forest Rnnger Henry C. Cox. Forest Ranger, ... C. B. Love, Forest Ranger Frank A. Glbboney, Forest Ranger, Wm. G. Taylor, Forest Ranger, ... S. T. Woodside, Forest Ranger, ... T. L. Swartzell, Forest Ranger, ... Stewart Albert, Forest Ranger, ... Shot Died Resigned Died Dismissed Resigned, Died Died Resigned Dismissed Died Resigned Dismissed Dismissed, November 12, 1914. January 22. 1915. April 30. 1914. July 4. 1914. August 1, 1914. September 1, 1914. December 5. 1914. April 10. 1915. April 18. 1915. July 15. 1915. September 7, 1915. November 10. 1915. December 1, 1915. December 31. 1915. FOREST FIRES. In 1914 and 1915, forest fires, as reported by fire wardens, were responsible for an immediate loss amounting to over $1,500,000. In 1914, the exact figures reported were $704,996; in 1915, $850,777. In 1914, the weather was not favorable for forest fires during the first half of the year, but during the last half of the year everything was very dry, especially during October and November, and during those two months alone 727 fires were reported. The total number No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 15 Forest Ranger's Home. Lackawanna State Forest. Observation Tower, Lackawanna State Forest. Radius 15 miles. Elevation 2 200 feet. Commands 700 square miles. x^ievauon z,^w of fires reported during 1914 were 1,159, burning over an area aver- aging 321 acres per fire. There were 20,278 acres of State land burned over, and 351 '996 acres of private land. The total cost of extinction in 1914 was |30,987.70, and during the year there was spent $1,535.49 for patrolmen, making a total expenditure of $32,- 523.19. The average cost of extinction per fire was |26.74. The average loss per fire was ?G08.28 or |1.89 per acre. A synopsis of the causes of fires in 1914 shows that 674 of the fires were reported as unknown; 222 as having been caused by railroad engines; 89 as of incendiary origin; hunters and fishermen were responsible for 70; brush burning and clearing land for 57; and other numerous causes for the remainder. In 1915 there were 41,963 acres of State land burned over and 294,672 acres of private land. The total cost of extinction in this year, including patrol service, was $28,078.16. Of this amount, $1,072.00 were spent for patrol. The average cost for extinction per fire was $24.43. The average loss per fire was $772.73, or an aver- age of $2.53 per acre. A synopsis of the causes of fires in 1915 shows that out of a total of 1,101 fires, 382 were unknown; 274 were caused by railroads; 120 were incendiary; 105 were due to brush burning; 136 by campers; 28 by lumbering; 19 by lightning, and 37 to miscellaneous causes. During the year 1915 the greatest number of fires occurred in April when everything was extremely dry and the weather was very favorable for fires. Although the remainder of the year appeared to be unfavorable for fires, yet in November we had reported 119. The fires of 1915 were classified according to acreage burned over. It was found that 78 fires burned a thousand acres or more per fire, and these 78 fires burned over a total of 200,000 acres, which is more than two-thirds of the area burned over by all the fires. By far the greatest number, namely 639, burned less than 100 acres per fire. Only 61 burned less than one acre each. By careful tabulation of the reports concerning forest fires, those portions of the State where we are most likely to have forest fire troubles, will be discovered. With this information available it will be possible to strengthen pro- tective measures at the required points and thus reduce both the number of fires and the loss. In addition to the forest fires with which the Department must contend, there is always present the fire hazard with respect to all the buildings owned or occupied by the Department. On the 27th day of May, 1915, the forester^s house at Eastville in the Tea Spring Forest, occupied by Homer S. Metzger, was burned, together with all its contents. The building was insured for $2,000. The insurance was collected by the Department of Buildings and Grounds and the 2 16 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 17 construction of a new house was begun. This building is now in course of erection. It will be occupied by the forester when com- pleted. On the 3rd day of October, 1915, the store property which had been practically rebuilt by Charles H. Cobean at Pine Grove Furnace, was destroyed by fire. Its origin is believed to have been incendiary. Mr. Cobean lost his stock and the Department the building. This building has not been replaced. In the great forest fire which devastated the Pine Grove Forest in March, 1915, the house occupied by Oscar Barbour together with the barn and outbuildings, and the house occupied by Joseph Fuller, both located near Laurel, were completely destroyed, with their contents. PRIVATE FOREST FIRE PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATIONS. No new organizations of this kind were made during the years 1914-15, but the two already in existence, to wit, the Pocono Pro- tective Fire Association and the Central Pennsylvania Forest Fire Protective Association, continued their operations with success. The Department of Forestry co-operated with them under the au- thority provided by law. The reports of the respective associations in condensed form, are as follows: Pocono. 191^, 1915, Amount of money collected by the Association, $368 61 $572 31 Amount of money expended by the Department of Forestry under the cooperative agreement, $285 58 $610 76 Number of different patrolmen employed during the two year » period, q q Number of acres protected, 398,700 398,700 Number of fires reported as coming under the observation of the Association , Ig 40 Total area burned, 5,350 13,055 Number of members in the Association, 109 212 Central Pennsylvania. Amount of money collected by the Association , $584 67 $309 28 Amount of money expended by the Department of Forestry under the cooperative agreement, $1,039 00 $272 35 Number of different patrolmen employed during the two year •' period, '. 29 11 Number of acres protected, 300,000 300,000 Number of fires reported as coming under the observation of the Association , 115 47 Total area burned, 10,946 15,433 Number of members in the Association, 29 32 NEW CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIRS. Repairs are regularly made to all buildings upon State Forest lands. With the purchase of the Pine Grove forest, the Department acquired 32 different buildings, together with stables, barns, out houses, etc., in considerable number. Many which were old and dilapidated were removed and the good material from them taken to repair the better buildings. The forester's house, the Barbour house, the house occupied by the teamster, were thoroughly overhauled and repaired. The old brick-making plant was converted into a barn and is now in service. New houses for the use of foresters and rangers must be built from time to time. A new forest headquarters was constructed in the Rothrock Forest near Newton Hamilton and is now occupied by Forester A. W. Bodine in charge of that region. The house is built of stone and is of substantial construction. A new house was built at Pond Bank in the Mont Alto forest for the occupancy of one of the rangers. It occupies a better site than the old dwelling. The house is of wood, well painted, well built, and of satisfactory appearance. A new house was built for a ranger at Willow Grove on the Cale- donia Forest, east of the headquarters. Jl ranger was needed at the eastern end and no available house was at hand. The house is of wood and substantial in character. The rebuilding of the house at Eastville for Forester Metzger has been mentioned. All the above buildings are on State land. LEGISLATION. At the session of the Legislature which convened in January, 1915, the Department procured legislation relating to : The acquisition of lands for State Forests from County Commis- sioners by act of April 21, 1915, P. L. 140. Authorizing the Department to grow and distribute free of charge, young forest trees, by act of 21st April, 1915, P. L. 155. Extending the powers and duties of foresters and forest rangers with respect to the enforcement of the game and fish laws, by act of 21st April, 1915, P. L. 156. 2—26—1916 li 18 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. To enlarge the purchase price from |5.00 to $10.00 per acre for lands to be purchased for State Forests, by act of 14th May, 1915 P L. 481. Establishing a Bureau of Forest Protection within the Department, by act of June 3, 1915, P. L. 797. Amending the act relating to co-operative agreements with local forest fire protective associations, extending the powers of the Department thereunder, by act of 4th June, 1915, P. L. 815. Enlarging the powers of the Department in granting rights of way through State Forests, by act of 4th June, 1915, P. L. 816. In addition to the foregoing legislation, amendments were obtained to sections 2701 and 2702 of the act of May 18, 1911, P. L. 309, com- monly known as the S^^hool Code, by the act of June 4, 1915, P. L. 825. The Code originally provided that 80 per cent, of the net re- ceipts derived from State Forests should be paid into the State School Fund. The Department was never able to learn why this limit was fixed at 80 per cent, nor why it should be limited to the net proceeds from the State Forests. While there is a continuous income from the State Forests, at this time it cannot in any sense be regarded as net proceeds, because the cost of administration is at present greater than the income. Consequently nothing could have been paid into the School Fund for some time to come, or until the returns exceeded the expenditures. This Department has always felt that inasmuch as the income from the forests cannot be used without specific appropriation by the legislature from time to time, it is useless to attempt to accumulate a fund in the treasury for forest purposes. The Department might just as well depend upon direct appropriations at each biennial session for its whole main- tenance, because this will greatly simplify matters and not compli- cate the treasury bookkeeping. Accordingly, on the suggestion of the Department of Forestry, the State Board of Education prepared bills in the form of amendments to the above named sections of the School Code, and these were finally approved by the Governor. Among the most notable of the foregoing acts is the forest protec- tion code, which seeks to consolidate the law relating to the protec- tion of forests, both in public and private ownership. Since the chief damage to forests is wrought by fire, the protection code nat- urally in large part relates to fire damage. It revises the system of forest fire wardens, provides for district fire wardens, and is put into charge of an officer of the Department who is known as the Chief Forest Fire Warden. On September 1, 1915, Mr. George H. Wirt, formerly Forest Inspector and Director of the Forest Academy at Mont Alto, was designated Chief Forest Fire Warden, and as- sumed the duties of his office on that date. Mr. H. W. Siggins, one of the State Foresters of the class of 1914, was appointed clerk in this Bureau. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 19 •'1 r ii The report of operations of the Forest Protection Bureau since its formation, to the end of 1915, and a general consideration of the forest fire situation in the State, together with a list of the present forest fire wardens, are contained in the separate report of the Chief of the Bureau, which may be had upon application to the Depart- ment. It is not included herein because of its length. A summary of the data derived respecting forest fires in the State during the period covered by this report, is to be found at page 14. LEGAL AFFAIRS. A report on forest fire and the legal action necessary to enforce the law in cases where it was possible to procure evidence to begin action appears elsewhere. On March 24, 1914, James G. Hailstone, of Moosic, Lackawanna county, paid the Department $20.00 for Christmas trees cut within the Lackawanna State Forest. The defendant claimed that the trees were mistakenly and erroneously cut, believing that he was on the land of another, from whom he had received permission to make cuttings. In satisfaction of the damage done, the above amount was paid in settlement to the Department and by it deposited with the State Treasurer. For a long time a dispute existed between the Department and the Patterson Heirs with respect to the boundary line between their respective lands in Lack township, Juniata county. The subject became such a matter of controversy that in order to enforce the De- partment's rights and prevent illegal cutting upon land claimed to be State property, an action in ejectment was begun in the courts of Juniata county to determine finally the rights of the parties and fix their respective boundaries. The case was placed upon the trial list at several terms of court, but for one cause ^or another it was postponed until the early part of 1915, when the Patterson Heirs through their counsel consented to a compromise arrangement by means of which the rights of all parties would be equally well determined. An agreement was accordingly entered into, being in the nature of a conveyance of the rights claimed by the Pattersons in part, and entered among the records of Juniata county. The compromise line has since been carefully marked upon the ground and it is expected no further difficulty from this cause will arise. 20 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY, 31 Among the lands purchased by the Department in Bratton town- ship, Mifflin county, is the James Smith tract of 400 acres, 48 perches. Through a letter from counsel representing H. R. Hatfield, dated June 17, 1915, the Department was advised of a claim to this tract made by Hatfield. The ultimate question of ownership will be determined by the validity of certain tax sales, the title to the Com- monwealth at the time of purchase having been decided good under the tax sales in question. The meagerness of the earlier records of Mifflin county is responsible for the raising of this difficulty, just as similar title difficulties are raised in other counties through the imperfections and other faults relating to title records. The facts in the above case, with notice of claim, and a copy of the Commonwealth's brief of title, were referred to the Attorney General July 1, 1915, and the matter is at present in that office awaiting disposition. The case of Commonwealth vs. T. W. Lauver, of Mifflin county, was simply referred to in the last report. Since then this case, which was an action in trespass with an accompanying writ of estrepement, was so proceeded in that a verdict was obtained against the defend- ant in the sum of |48.00 with costs. The court discharged a rule for a new trial and on motion of Commonwealth's counsel, the amount of the verdict was doubled in accordance with the act of Assembly. A judgment in the sum of |9G.00 and costs was accord- ingly entered in 1915 against Mr. Lauver. At the close of the period covered by this report, the Commonwealth is awaiting the expira- tion of the six months in which the defendant is allowed to take an appeal to the Superior Court. In the course of the survey of the Hull Forest, it was discovered that a tract of 69.1 acres in warrants 2189 and 2190 had been erro- neously conveyed a second time by the Commonwealth's grantors to one F. A. Bonawitz* and before the error was discovered Mr. Bonawitz had cut a considerable quantity of timber from this tract. The question of damages and proper compensation were then taken up with the Commonwealth's grantors, Messrs. Thomas Cobb et al., in an endeavor to procure a proper settlement. The grantors ad- mitted the double grant and assumed liability for all damages. Upon estimate being made thereof, it was agreed between the De- partment and the grantors' legal representative that the damage should be settled for in the sum of $155.00, which amount was ac- cordingly paid August 23, 1915, and de^posit^d with the State Treasurer. On April 19, 1915, Forester H. C. Evans requested George Smith of Jersey Mills to assist him in the extinction of a forest fire. Smith not only had no reasonable excuse to refuse, but directly and point- edly refused to go or to render any assistance. Feeling that it was necessary to enforce the law in this case respecting forced assis- tance, the Department brought an action against Smith. The case was heard before Alderman Rianhard of Williamsport. The defend- ant at first entered the plea of not guilty, but finally concluded to change his plea to one of guilty and submit himself to the mercy of the alderman. The purpose of the Department here was not to show vindictiveness, but to teach the defendant and others of his kind that the law w^as made to be obeyed. The alderman accordingly im- posed upon him a fine of |1.00 and costs, amounting in the aggregate to I1G.G7, which was paid by the defendant most gladly. The effect of this prosecution has been salutary and the probabilities are that there will be less resistance to the reasonable calls of the forest of- ficers in the Pine Creek region. On April 8, 1915, Herman McFerren, a young man from Tomstown, Franklin county, was arrested on a charge of firing the woods. At a hearing before a justice of the peace in Chambersburg on April 13th, the defendant was held to bail for trial in court and the case was heard before a jury April 29th. The evidence introduced by the Commonwealth to sustain the charge against the defendant was of ample quality to insure conviction, but the jury acquitted the de- fendant without anj^ other than a sympathetic reason for doing so. It is quite probable that this defendant is sub-normal both mentally and physically. That his predilection runs to fire was abundantly proved, and the fact is well known that his presence in any locality apart from close restraint is a menace to the community. If this boy had been convicted as he should have been, the court could have exercised its powers in having him committed to the kindly custody of an institution where men of his temperament may be cared for and receive proper medical treatment. As it is, the jury turned him loose upon the community. The quality of the testimony introduced on behalf of the defendant was of such character that intelligent think- ing, reasonable men could not have done otherwise than reject it, yet the jury decided otherwise. A curious feature of this trial was the attempt of the jury to divide the costs between the defendant and the prosecutor. The prosecu- tion having been brought by Forester Lewis E. Staley under direction of the Department, the court immediately made an order relieving Mr. Staley of these costs, and placed them on the county. While the Commonwealth failed to secure a conviction in this case, the costs and expense in which this defendant was involved were of such moment that it is hoped the imposition of even half the costs upon him will be the means of preventing future exercise of the peculiar talent he seems to possess for the application of burning matches to inflammable material. Because of the failure of a Franklin county jury to do its full duty as the evidence demanded it should be done, the court itself 22 No. 26. REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. Oflf. Doc. expressing its opinion that the defendant in its belief undoubtedly was guilty, the county of Franklin was involved in the expenses of a criminal trial and the payment of half the costs. Just so long as the citizens of this county feel that they are capable of bearing pa- tiently this sort of thing, the Department will try to exercise an equal degree of patience. Some time prior to September, 1913, E. H. Young of Lock Haven conveyed a tract of land to H. V. Wilhelm of the same place. In showing the lines to Mr. Wilhelm, the latter contends he was shown a line which was claimed to be the boundary between the land about to be sold to him and the Hopkins State Forest. Mr. Wilhelm pro- ceeded with his cutting operation but in doing so, crossed the real boundary between the forest and the private land, and cut a consid- erable quantity from State land. Upon the fact being discovered, a claim for proper compensation was made against Mr. Wilhelm who declined payment and resisted an attempt to collect anything. ' It was necessary, therefore, to commence an action for damages against Mr. Wilhelm as of January term, 1914. Prior to the trial of the case, Mr. Wilhelm and his counsel made a proposition of settlement which the Department agreed to accept only on condition that the defendant pay all the costs and expenses incurred to date. This he agreed to do, and the claim was finally settled and the case discontinued upon the defendant's payment to the Department of $768.53 on September 22, 1914, which amount was promptly paid into the State Treasury. In November, 1912, it was discovered that William Douty of Mif- flinburg had cut considerable pine timber on the Mary Albright war- rant, a part of the Jacks Mountain Forest. The matter was taken up with Mr. Douty for settlement. He denied his liability on the ground that the cutting was not intentional and that he believed that the line to which he was entitled to cut lay elsewhere. The matter was allowed to drift along in the hope that the defendant would make a proper settlement and not create the necessity for bringing suit. This he declined to do, so that the aid of counsel was invoked and settlement was finally procured in the sum of $G1.33, being the esti- mated treble damage in accord with the law where conversion follows the act of trespass. This sum was paid to the State Treasurer on March 2, 1914. A claim by adverse possession has recently been made by one Silas W. Munn to a portion of the George Mead warrant 5354 in Girard township, Clearfield county. At the time of the conveyance to the Commonwealth there was no notice of occupancy or possession of any kind, and of course nothing of record evidencing such claim. The grantor in this case is Harry B. Mingle of New York City. The ques- tion to be decided is first w^hether Munn's claim is good. If it be held good, whether Mingle should not make restitution to the Com- monwealth for the portion claimed. This matter was referred to the Attorney General July 8, 1915, and still remains in his hands awaiting disposition. FINANCIAL STATEMENT. The fiscal years for which appropriations were made do not cor- respond with the period covered by this report. Expenditures made from January 1, 1914 to June 1, 1915, were covered by appropriations made at the session of 1913, and a portion thereof by the appropria- tions made in 1907 for the purchase of a small land area contracted for during that fiscal period. The expenditures made for the period June 1, 1915 to January 1, 1916, were paid from the appropria- tions made at the session of 1915, out of which appropriations the Department must continue to conduct its affairs to June 1, 1917. The appropriations for the sessions 1913 and 1915 were as follows : 1913. Salaries of officers and clerks specifically provided for by law, f 17,000 00 Contingent expenses, 5,000 00 Traveling expenses, Members of the Commission, 5,000 00 Foresters' salaries and expenses, 110,000 00 Forest Rangers' salaries and expenses, 125,000 00 Draftsmen, Bookkeepers, Stenographers, and Messen- gers, 15,000 00 Surveys, 10,000 00 Labor, 100,000 00 Title examination, 4,000 00 Maintenance, protection, care, planting, and improve- ment of State Forests, and for the encouragement, pro- motion, and development of forestry, 65,000 00 Fixed charges for roads, 40,000 00 Fixed charges for schools, 40,000 00 Purchase of lands, 50,000 00 Prevention and Extinction of Forest Fires, and Ex- penses, 50,000 00 State Forest Academy, 20,000 00 Deficiency for Title Examination, 5,514 21 Deficiency for the prevention and extinction of forest fires, and expenses, 2,798 43 \.\ 21 REPORT OF THE Deficiency, traveling and necessary expenses of Members of the Commission, Off. Doc. 126 30 Total, 1664,438 94 1915. Salaries of officers and clerks specifically provided for by law, Contingent expenses, Traveling expenses. Members of the Commission, Foresters' and Rangers' salaries and expenses, Draftsmen, Bookkeepers, Stenographers, and Messen- gers, Surveys, Labor, Title examination, Incidental expenses, Purchase of lands, Forest fires, District foresters, Deficiency for the prevention and extinction of forest fires, and expenses, Fixed charges for roads, Fixed charges for schools, State Forest Academy, 117,000 00 4,000 00 5,000 00 225,000 00 18,000 00 4,000 00 85,000 00 3,000 00 50,000 00 40,000 00 45,000 00 8,500 00 17,500 00 42,000 00 42,000 00 20,000 00 Total, 1619,700 00 From the above appropriations there were expended period covered by this report, the following amounts: Salaries of officers and clerks, Foresters' and Rangers' salaries and expenses, Expenses, Members of the Commission, Contingent expenses, Draftsmen, Bookkeepers, Stenographers, and Messen- gers, Surveys, Labor, Title examination, Incidental expenses, Purchase of Lands: 1907 Appropriation, $6,414 12 1913 Appropriation, 19,490 80 1915 Appropriation, 2,024 05 during the ?17,000 00 240,447 33 5,063 13 4,780 57 16,000 00 11,202 19 90,276 93 5,969 58 63,120 35 27,928 97 No, 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 25 Forest fires, 47,750 77 Deficiency for the prevention and extinction of forest fires, 15,196 15 District Foresters, 991 12 Fixed charges for roads, 39,795 13 Fixed charges for schools, 38,957 29 Forest Academy, 20,431 29 Total $644,910 80 RECEIPTS FROM THE STATE FORESTS. January 1, 1914 to December 31, 1915. During the two years covered by this report, the returns from the State Forests, by forests, are shown by the following table: Forest. Amount. Austin, $5 00 Bald Eagle, 194 93 Bedford, 557 83 Bear Meadows, 86 57 Barree, 1,866 48 Black Forest, 134 00 Blackwells, 480 62 Buchanan, 79 68 Buffalo, 365 52 Brumbaugh, 87 00 Caledonia, 1,537 02 Chatham, 52 48 Clearfield, 136 00 Greenwood, 563 30 Grays Run, 243 22 Hull, 2,489 17 Hopkins, 3,247 91 Jacks Mountain, 1,012 93 Karthaus, 56 30 Kishacoquillas, 145 00 Kettle Creek, 8 48 Lackawanna, 20 00 Ix)yalsock, 12 00 Mont Alto, 1,300 82 Medix, 572 31 Minisink, 173 00 McClure, 105 54 |!^^, m. 26 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. McElhattan, 27 25 Nittany, . . . : 158 38 Ole Bull, 97 50 Penfield, 10 00 Pennypacker, 144 25 Pine Grove, 4,262 68 x^iiie. ..•.•..•....•.•..••.....•••...•«.• uo \j\j Jl oconOj > *j*j Promised Land, 120 43 Penn, 72 13 x\0 Lnrocji, ...........••...«••..•....••• j.,o^o I J. Sinnemahoning, 1,042 33 Slate Run, . 484 22 Snow Shoe, 25 00 Stuart, 1,572 82 Stone, 631 99 Seven Mountain, 72 18 Tea Spring, 60 00 White Deer, 95 74 Whetham, 1,007 23 Young Womans Creek, 46 00 Total, $28,550 48 Total receipts from all sources from organization to December 31, 1915, 1104,709.15. PERMANENT CAMP LEASES. Under authority conferred upon the Department by act of March 27, 1913, the leasing of permanent camp sites was continued. To the close of that year the Department awarded 47 leases. The applica- tion for leases has continued in greatly increased numbers, and to December 31, 1915, the number awarded has reached a total of 311. Of this number 21 have been cancelled, 30 withdrawn, and 8 failed to furnish the proper information for making up their leases, leaving in force 252 leases. Those granted in the years 1914 and 1915 are as follows : 1. Robert K. Ritter, 115 Ettweln St., Beth- ; Mud Pond, Porter township, Pike county, ! |8 00 lehem. Pa. , ' 1 18. Chas. L. Detrlck, 314 Cameron Ave., i Wohlheiter Camp No. 1, White Deer town- 1 6 00 Milton, Pa. 1 ship. Union county. i 30. Henry Z. Gaul, 626 Gordon St., Reading, , Monnmont Camp, Hartley township, Union i 6 00 Ph. ' county. | No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. It I 34. 35. 36. 37. 39. 41. 41. 43. 45. 47. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 54. 54. 55. 66. 66. 57. 57. 68. 59. 60. 61. 62. 62. 63. 64. 65. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 70. 73. 74. 74. 75. 76. 76. 77. 78. 79. 79. 80. J. Will Kepler, Pine Grove Mills, Pa.,, J. G. AUgyer, Belleville, Pa F. L. Stewart, Petersburg, Pa., Bernard Long, 184 Myers St., B. Strouds- burg. Pa. Jos. M. Detrick, Lock Haven, Pa., Jos. S. Hummel,* New Berlin, Pa., Charles Scanlin, Leetonia, Pa A. M. Lauver, 2000 5th Ave., Altoona, Pa. C. D. Frankhouse, Port Royal, Pa John A. Leinbach,* Lancaster, Pa S. H. Strunk. Miffllnburg, Pa W. K. Swetland, Coudersport, Pa., W. T. Mcllvaine. Franklinvllle, Pa E. L. Harpster, Franklinvllle, Pa J. D. Dotey, Dingman's Ferry, Pa., J. W. Price,t Upland, Pa C. P. Jacox,t Clearfield, Pa., W. J. Britton, Brockwayville, Pa., W. J. Ritchie, 1020 Washington St.. Williamsport, Pa. E. E. Enyeart.t Huntingdon, Pa., E. C. Tobias, Woolrich, Pa R. L. Watts, t State College, Pa John Stephenson, Greensburg, Pa Philip D. Foster, State College, Pa W. F. Oolyer, Centre Hall, Pa., W. F. Bradford,! Centre Hall, Pa H. R. Koch, McAlevysfort, Pa J. E. Reed.t Pine Grove Mills, Pa R. S. Stover, Millhelm, Pa B. D. Fisher, Watsontown, Pa D. C. Cochrane, State College, Pa., .... 0. B. Bruner.t Lock Haven, Pa Thomas Shepherd, Dingmnns Ferry, Pa., Leonard Lachat, Lock Haven, Pa Ralph Angle, Edgemere, Pa H. D. Garretson, Dingmnns Ferry, Pa., W. B. KaulTman, Mattawana, Pa Harry W. Harpster. 5 Franklinvllle, Pa., A. M. Baldwin, Wellsboro, Pa., Thos. R. Selfe. Lock Haven, Pa., F. B. Reinwald.t Gaines, Pa., Chas. F. Pitts, Slnnemahoning, Pa., .. Albert Deming, Lawrencevllle, Pa Blind Huff.t New Columbia, Pa Grant Butler, Clearfield, Pa., H. B. Cruver, Bangor, Pa Lawrence Dale. East Stroudsburg, Pa., Rupert P. Nilis.t Egypt Mills, Pa J. W. Skillington. Slnnemahoning, Pa., L. Chapman Smith, Lawrencevllle, Pa., Ewing Spring. Franklin township, Hun- tingdon county. Dutch Shanty, Jackson township, Hunting- don county . Battle Swamp, Logan township, Hunting- don county. Big Pine Flat, Porter township. Pike county. Left Hand Sugar Camp, Grugan township, Clinton county. Boney Shanty, Spring township, Snyder county. Scanlin Camp, Morris township, Tioga county. Hiram Ross Site, Jackson township, Hun- tingdon county. Rag Hollow, Jackson township, Hunting- don county. Camp Deep Spring, Grugan township, Clin- ton county. Winkelbleck Fields, Haines township. Cen- tre cotmty. Swartwood, Stewardson township. Potter county. Dark Hollow, Franklin township. Hunting- don county. Path Spring. Franklin township, Hunting- don county. Five Mile Meadow, Dingman township. Pike county. Elbow Swamp, Porter township. Pike county. Weilder Field, Pine township. Clearfield county. Mouth of Sullivan Camp Draft, Gibson township, Cameron county. Ferney First Branch, Colebrook township. Clinton county. Frew Camp, Miller township, Huntingdon county. Cold Spring, Grugan township, Cllnbrn county. Hubler's Gap, Jackson township, Huntln;;- don coimty. Whiting No. 4, Cook township. Westmore- land county. Hubler's Gap, Jackson township, Hunting- don county. Stone Creek Gap, Potter township, Centro county. Maple Spring, Potter township, Centrf county. Glbboney Mill Site, Jackson township, Hun- tingdon county. Gum Hill, Jackson township, Huntingdon county. Whetstone Gap, Haines township. Centre county. Dogtown Camp, West Buffalo township. Union county. Shlngletown Trail, Jackson township, Hun- tingdon county. Head of Smith Run, Noyes township. Clin- ton county. Peck's Dam, Porter township. Pike county, Poorman Hollow, Woodward township, Clin- ton county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county, .. Sliver Spring, Porter township. Pike county, Hickory Shanty, Bratton township, Mifflin county. Colerain Spring, Franklin township, Hun- tingdon county. Willis Plantation, Cummings township, Ly- coming county. White Pine Camp, Grugan township, Clinton ton county. Pipe Line Spring, Brown township, Lycom- ing county. Bee Tree Hollow, Gibson township, Cam- eron county. Cold Spring, Brown township, Lycoming county. Mile Run, West Buffalo township. Union county. Weilder Field, Pine township, Clearfield county. Junction of Porter's Lake and Beaver Run Road, Porter township. Pike county. Peck's Dam, Porter township. Pike county. Little Mud Pond, Portor township. Pike county. Head of Wolf Hollow, Gibson township, Cameron county. Mouth of Dougherty Run. Brown township, Lycoming county. 800 5 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 6 00 5 00 600 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 8 00 6 00 8 00 8 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 600 600 6 00 5 00 5 00 6 00 8 00 8 00 8 00 5 or 6 00 'r •Revoked for cause. tWithdrawn. JRevoked. SVacatad. 28 REPORT OF THE Ott. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 81. J. L. Pursley, North Warren, Pa., — 82. Frank G. Chorpenning, Clearfield, Pa., 83. Solomon Kline, Clearfield, Pa., 84. Merit B. Luce, Westfleld, Pa 85. H. F. MuBser, Spring Mills, Pa 86. J. B. Gentzel, Bellefonte, Pa 87. E. A. Schwenk, Loganton. Pa 88. P. H. Dale, State College, Pa 89. Chas. W. Williams, 1! Williamsport, Pa., 90. Nestor Bberly, Mt. Union, Pa 91. F. C. Vaughan, Huntingdon, Pa 92. M. N. Fowler, Summerville, Pa 93. Charles Glassner,§ Jersey Shore, Pa., .. 93. J. A. Cramer, Desire, Pa 94. Chas. F. Reinard.t Mount Carmel, Pa., 94. S. D. Longeneckor, Petersburg, Pa., 95. Frank B. Holcomb, Westfleld, Pa., 96. John M. Fisher, Bellefonte, Pa 97. Lemuel Smedley.t Wellsboro, Pa 98. C. S. Merrick, Knoxville, Pa 99. George C. Kramer, Clearfield, Pa., 100. D. L. Stephens, t Altoona, Pa 101. John 0. Pattisou, Elkland, Pa., 104. S. D. Grifl3th, Curwensville, Pa., 105. W. E. Tobias, t Clearfield, Pa 105. Lewis Gaylor. Clearfield. Pa., 106. W. L. Fox, care American Gas Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 107. John L. Grove, Steelton, Pa , 108. T. L. Farwell, North Bend. Pa 109. John Baker, North Bend, Pa 110. B. C. Gourley, Punxsutawney, Pa., 111. F. A. Kleckner, Mifflinburg, Pa 112. F. A. Rabold, 510 7th St., Altoona, Pa., 113. C. J. Rager, Naginey, Pa 114. A. W. Thompson, Lewistown, Pa., 115. Geo. R. Walton, Malvern. Pa., 116. Ner Middleswarth, Troxelvllle, Pa 117. W. R. Harding. Blossburg, Pa 118. J. R. Rishel, TurbotvlUe, Pa 119. Linn A. Shaflfee.t Jersey Shore, P«., — 119. C. E. Roseberry.t Clearfield, Pa., 119. Alfred Jury, Clearfield, Pa 120. R. L. Watts, State College, Pa., , 121. Leroy Wilson, DuBols, Pa , •••••• 122. E. L. Shope,* 1700 N. Second St., Har- risburg. Pa. 12.3, A. W. Womer, Jersey Shore, Pa 124. I. E. Greenwood, Carlisle, Pa., Huffnagle Gap, Hartley township. Union coimty. Harpster's Camp, Pine township, Clearfield county. Sand Bed Camp, Pine township, Clearfield county. Lebo Camp, Stewardson township. Potter county. Sand Spring, Brown township, MiflSlin county. Junction of Three Runs, Karthaus township, Clearfield county. Cooper's Mill Camp, Lewis township. Union county. Site near State College Water Company's Dam, Harris township. Centre county. Pine Tree Spring, Beech Creek township, Clinton county. Camp Forsythe, Shirley township, Hunting- don county. Elliott Camp, Shirley township, Huntingdon county. The Log Cabin, Benezette township. Elk county. Wilcox Camp, Stewardson township. Potter county. Kelly's Cellar, Pine township, Clearfield county. Seven Mile Camp, Ablx)tt township, Potter county. Traveler's Spring, Logan township, Hun- tingdon county. Sliade Grove Camp. Abbott township, Pot- ter- county, Riley Camp, Harris township. Centre count.v. Near Mt. Tom, Shippen township, Tioga county. Merrick's Camp, Stewardson township, Pot- ter county. Murrel Oflice Camp, Pine township, Clear- field county. Head Big Birch Run, West Keating town- ship, Clinton county. Maplcdale Camp, Abbott township. Potter coimty. Painter Place, Pine township, Clearfield county. Berkey Camp, Pine township, Clearfield county. Jury Mill, Pine township, Clearfield county, West Shore Peck's Pond, Porter township. Pike county. Greenlick Cottage, Chapman township, Clin- ton cotuity. Geiser Hollow, Chapman township, Clinton county. Patchell Camp, Chapman township, Clinton county. Head of Lower Three Runs, Gibson town- ship, Cameron county. Panther Run Bridge, Hartley township, ' TTnion county. Head West Branch of Laurel Run, Brown township, Mifflin county. Old Steam Mill, Armagh township, Mifflin county. Buckwheat Shanty, Armagh township, Mifflin county. Logan Spring, Brown township, Mifflin county. Cold Spring, Spring township, Snyder county. Stone Pump House, Brown township, Ly- coming county. Old Fourth Gap House, Washington town- ship, Lycoming county. Head of Benson Run, Chapman township, Clinton county. Happy-Go-Lucky Camp, Pine township, Clearfield county. Oak Spring, Girard township, Clearfield county, Milliken Mill Site, Jackson township, Hun- tingdon coimt.v. Mouth of Mud Lick Hollow, Benezette town- ship. Elk county. Treaster's Mill Site, Brown township Mifflin county. Mouth of Billjohn Branch of Trout Run, McHenry township, Lycoming county. Laurel Lake, Cooke townsliip, Cumberlano> county. 5 00 6 00 SOO 5 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 6 00 600 6 00 5 00 6 GO 5 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 3 00 5 00 600 5 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 8 00 600 6 00 5 00 5 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 3 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 600 No charge. 5 OG 6 00 6 00 16 00 125. B. M. Biddle, Carlisle, Pa 126. John L. Hall, Williamsport, Pa,, 127. Irvin W. Gleason, Gleasonton, Pa 128. James B. Gleason, Gleasonton, Pa., — 129 Geo. H. Hardner, Allentown, Pa., 130. Charles H. Irvin, Big Run, Pa 13L BenJ. W. Irvin, Big Run, Pa 132. Geo. K. Mosser, Noxen, Pa., 133. Henry S. Mosser, Newberry, Pa 134. W. S. Harris, Lock Haven, Pa 135. Harry C. Trexler, Allentown, Pa., 136. J. M. Kelly, Curwensville. Pa., 137. T. J. Kirk, Luthersburg, Pa 138. W. L. Jones, Bellwood, Pa 139. E. O. Bristol, Galeton, Pa 140. George E. Thustin, Barnesboro, Pa 141. Wilbur S. Wilson, t E. Stroudsburg, Pa., 141. G. C. Myers, Gardners, Pa 142. John C. Rogers, Williamsport, Pa., .... 143. Augustus Middaugh, Dlngmans Ferry, Pa. 144. A. E.* Dunn, Falls Creek, Pa 145. Alfred Holton, Tioga, Pa 146. H. B. Cloos, Middlebury Centre, Pa,, 147. Robinson Rosier, Carlisle, Pa 148. C. B. Wright, 1111 N. 3d St., Harris- burg, Pa. 149. A, D, Kramer, Kreamer, Pa 150. John Mills, Houtzdale, Pa., ... 151 .Seth Maines, Woodland, Pa., 152. Lee S. North, Punxsutawney, 153. Wm. A. Black, Aspers, Pa., . 164. A. M. Bowman, t Lemoyne, Pa. 154. Jacob B. Feather, 725 Green St., Allen- town, Pa. 155. Clarence Keel, DuBols, Pa., 156. W. H. Beatty,** Duquesne, Pa,, 157. Harry McCartney, Carlisle, Pa., 158. B. A. Moist, Ryde, Pa., 159. J. C. Arnold, Ryde, Pa 160. C. G. Corbin, Granville, Pa., ... 161. J. Linn Harris, Bellefonte, Pa.. 162. Clayton Seltz, MountvlUe, Pa., . 163. M. S. Demlng,t Tioga, Pa., 163. Geo. S. Seese, 219 Bloom St., Dunmore, Pa. 164. F. P. Farwell, Galeton, Pa 165. Alvin M. Whitney, Ulysses, Pa., 166. J. H. Brooks. Neffs Mills, Pa., . 167. O. W. Alexander, Clarion, Pa., . 168. W. P. Neff.S Altoona, Pa Laurel Lake, Cooke township, Cumberland county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan townsliip, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Near Otzinachson Park, Grugan township, Clinton county. Head Horn Shanty Creek, Pine township, Clearfield county. Head of Coupler Run, Pine township, Clearfield county. Spotts Spring, Logan township, Huntingdon county. Abbott Camp, Abbott township. Potter county. Head of Big Birch Island Run, West Keating township. Clinton county. Slippery Rock, Porter township. Pike county, liaurel Dam, Cooke township, Cumberland county. Thompson Hollow, Cummings township, Ly- coming county. Head of Saw Creek, Porter township, Pike county. Head of Barr Run, Benezette township. Elk county. Shay's Spring, Brown township, Lycoming county. Big Spring, Stewardson townsliip. Potter count.v. Laurel Lake, Cooke township, Cumberland county. Head of Jerry Lick Draft, Gibson township, Cameron county. Decall Gap, Spring township, Snyder county. Head of Trout Run, Goshen township, Clearfield county. Dickson Farm, Goshen township, Clearfield county. Head of Lower Three Runs, Karthaus township, Clearfield county. Dull Place, Cooke township, Cumberland county. Ilinkle Place, Cooke township, Cumberland county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county. Head of Whitney Run, Pine township, Clearfield county. Mouth of Laurel Run, Gibson township, (Cameron county. Site at Laurel, Cooke township, Cumber- land county. Coal Hearth Camp, Bratton township, Mifflin county. Owl's Nest, Wayne township, Mifflin county. Corbin Spring. Milford township, Juniata county. River View Camp. Shirley township, Hun- tingdon county. White Oak Crossing, Lack township, Ju- niata county. Foster Hollow Spring, Brown township, Ly- coming county. Seese Camp, Green township. Pike county, Robinson's Camp, Stewardson township, Potter county. LeiK) Camp No. 2, Stewardson township, I'otter county. Sand Spring, West township, Huntingdon count.y. Blackwell Spring, Benezette township. Elk county. Tunnel Hill Camp, Spruce Creek township, Huntingdon county. 12 00 50 50 60 .50 60 50 50 60 60 50 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 8 00 12 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 15 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 8 00 8 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 15 00 6 00 7 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 ;i Ira nsf erred to William Wa't «me!rt>urg. Pa. •Transferred to Wm. H. K^nier, Milroy, Pa. tWithdrawn. tRevoked. SVacated. ♦•Transferred to George B. Sorrlck, Monongahela City. Pa. tWithdrawn. tRevoked. SVacated. 4' so FtEPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 168. J. A. Gulp, 2230 N. 4th St., Harrlsburg, Pa. 169. N. J. Tomlinson, 834 Chestnut St., Phila- delphia, Pa. 170. Mrs. M. L. B. Stuart, Carlisle, Pa 171. Claude Flood, t Keewaydin, Pa., i71. H. N. Fenstamaker, 94 S. 6th Ave., 172. J. F. Broiise, Mifflinburg, Pa , 173. John Giles, Tyrone, Pa 174. L. D. Blackwelder, Bedford, Pa. 175. J. L. Fisher, Wellsboro, Pa., .. 176. R. V. Sharp, Barree, Pa., .... 177. D. 11. Eckman, Danville, Pa., 178. Ghas. S. Edelman, Mifflinburg, Pa., •••••< 179. Ira B. Clark, DuBois, Pa 180. P. G. Fenton, Mahanoy City, Pa., 181. E. S. Moore, Medix Run, Pa., .... 182. W. G. Raymond, Boalsburg, Pa., 183. J. B. Chambers, Mifflinburg, Pa 184. J. H. Coulter, Reedsville, Pa., 185. Hosea Johnson, Reedsville, Pa 186. Robert Whittaker, South Sterling, Pa., 187. S. C. Bardlne, Newton Hamilton, Pa., .. 188. F. Mark Bream, Gettysburg, Pa. 189. John I. HuBS.t Sprlnp Mills, Pa., 189. M. M. Bricker, Lewlstown, Pa 190. George H. Johnson, Galeton, Pa., . 191. W. D. Melcher, Bast Altoona, Pa., 192. J. G. Schriner, Wllllamsport, Pa., . 193. O. E. Miller, S care Logan Coal Co., Beaverdale, Pa. 193. Amos Miller, Trout Run, Pa , 194. John B. Shellenberger, Hollidaysburg, Pa., R. D. No. 2. 195. J. M. Baker, Beaver Springs, Pa., 196. I. W. Reed, Philipston, Pa 197. W. G. Lawrence, Ariel, Pa 198. Joseph R. Kendig.t Renovo, Pa., 199. Wm. H. Hoffner,5 Huntingdon, Pa., R. D. No. 2. 199. K. D. Packer, Lock Haven, Pa., 200. U. S. Koons.t 416 Harrison Bldg., Phila- delphia, Pa. 200. Andrew B. McGiU, East Stroudsburg, Pa. 201. John Frankovltch, Farrell, Pa 202. Frank T. ShoUey, Hemdon, Pa., 208. H. T. Frankenfield, BushkiU, Pa., . 204. Peter B. Hershey, Parkesburg, Pa., 206. B. W. I-«e,5 Stroudsburg, Pa. 205. D. L. Wilson, 208 Main St., Lock Haven, Pa. 206. William C. Carle, Youngwood, Pa 207. Harry W. Barth.t Mount Penn, Pa 208. M. A. Garman, 522 Gurtin St., Harris- burg. Pa. 209. P. B. Klingman, Mifflinburg, Pa 210. Chas. W. Stoddart, State College, Pa., .. 211. Clarence Stone, Stroudsburg, Pa., tWlthdrawn. {Revoked. IVacated. Cliristman Mill, Grugan township, Clinton county. Hickory Swale, Cummlngs township, Lycom- ing connt.v. Near Pine Grove Furnace, Cooke townhip, Cumberland county. Flood Spring, Girard township, Clearfield county. Bake Oven Camp, Benezette township. Elk county. Molasses Gap Spring, Hartley township, R. D. 4, Union county. North end of Vandebender Ridge, Logan townsliip, Huntingdon county. Blankly Place, Colerain township, Bedford coimty. Manchester Camp, Shippen township, Tioga county. Sharp Spring, Logan township, Huntingdon county. Sand Spring, Lewis township. Union county. Halfway Run, Hartley township. Union county. Larsen Camp, Benezette township, Elk county. Cannon Hole, McHenry tdwnship, Lycom- ing county. " Doyletown Camp, Benezette township, Elk county. Birch Spring, Harris township, Centre county. Yankee Run, Miles township. Centre county. Crab Apple Hollow, Brown township, Mifflin county. Otter Gap Cabin, Union township, Mifflin county. Promised Land, Palmyra township. Pike county. Cool Spring, Wayne township, Mifflin county. Marsh Creek Camp, Franklin township, Adnms county. Big Flat, Armagh township, Mifflin county, Buckhorn Camp, Armagh township, Mifflin coimty. Clark's Shanty, Brown township, Lycoming county. Duncan & Wills Camp. Cass township, Huntingdon county. Red Ridge Spring, Plunketts Creek town- ship, Lycoming county. Bear Hollow Spring, Lewis township, Ly- coming county. Bear Hollow Spring, Lewis township, Xy- coming county. Leo Spring, Logan township, Huntingdon county. Spruce Run, Lewis township. Union county. Fork of Red Run, Benezette township. Elk county. DeWltt Camp, Dingman township, Pike coimty. Head of Mill Run, Grugan township, Clin- ton county. Hoover Camp, Miller township, Huntingdon county. Pine Grove Camp, Grugan township, Clinton county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county, Mud Pond, Porter township, Pike county. Summit Camp, Benezette township. Elk county. Chestnut Flat Camp, Lewis township, Union county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county, 8!>rHce Spring, Harris township. Centre county. Slippery Rock, Porter township. Pike county. Old Pine Camp, Grugan township, Clinton county. Mouth of Wild Cat Gap Run, Harris town- ship, Centre county. Dark Hollow. Grugan township, Clinton county. King Hollow, Colebrook township, Clinton county. Bear Gap, Hartley township. Union county, Forks Camp, Harris township. Centre county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county, 5 00 6 00 8 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 8 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 5 00 8 00 600 6 00 5 00 6 00 5 00 500 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 500 6 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 8 00 8 00 6 00 6 00 8 00 6 00 8 00 6 00 6 00 eoo 6 00 5 00 6 00 800 No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 212. W. H. Beidler. 106 E. 18th St., Erie, Pa., 213. W. E. Bell, Altoona, Pa 214. H. L. Briscoe, Notch, Pa 215. Geo. W. Parsons, Neffs Mills, Pa 216. D. Dawson Yeakel, Oak Lane, Pa., .... 217. C. T. Mahon, Fayetteville, Pa 218. A. J. Herbster. Laurelton, Pa 219. Geo. B. Dechant, Renovo, Pa 220. Clyde Wilson, 825 Second Ave., New Kensington, Pa. 221. L. t>. Hoffman, 501 Keystone Ave., Sayre Pa. 222. W. H. McQuilken, Glen Campbell, Pa., 223. Howard Terhune, Chambersburg, Pa., .. 224. J. W. Shaver, 396 Linden Ave., Johns- town, Pa. 225. Pliil M. Johnson, Scotland, Pa., 226. Harry Blair, Jr., Mifflinburg, Pa 227. M. S. Mitchell, Clearfield, Pa 228. Calvin E. Propst, Northumberland, Pa., 229. C. A. Long, Lewlstown, Pa., 230. Omar F. Etters, Pitcairn, Pa., 231. Add Blayney, Claysville, Pa 232. G. A. Storm, Cresco, Pa 233. O. W. Zimmerman, Mifflinburg, Pa., .... 234. U. S. Koons. 416 Harrison Bldg., Phila- delphia, Pa. 235. Harry A. Raum, Shippensburg, Pa., .... 236. C. F. Lamberson, Arnot, Pa., 237. R. K. Merrill, Glen Union, Pa., 238. Edward Lewis, Sr., Pine Glen, Pa 239. Clarence White, Porters Lake, Pa., .... 240. F. R. Schrot, Hyde, Pa 241. D. L. Mohney, Clearfield, Pa., 242. Charles Williams, Forksville, Pa 243. H. H. Lamberson, Trough Creek, Pa., .. 244. Frank A. Oak wood. Wash. Ave. & 10th St., Tyrone, Pa. 245. C. D. Douty, Barree, Pa Chrispman Mill Camp, Grugan townhip, Clinton county. Schuar's Draft, Karthaus township, Clear- field county. Wells Spring, Porter township. Pike county. Deep Woods Camp, West township, Hun- tingdon county. Head of Cherry Hollow, Gibson township, ('ameron county. Wild Cat Hill, Franklin township, Adams county. Deer Slayers Camp, Haines township, Cen- tre county. Pioneer Camp, Noyes township, Clinton county. Mossy Spring, Benezette township. Elk county. Lee Hollow, Chapman township, Clinton county. Bull Run, Chapman township, Clinton county. Stillhouse Camp, Franklin township, Adams Ca county. Enoch Hollow Camp, Green township, Cum- berland county. Halfway Place, Hartley township. Union county. Panther Rocks, Pine township, Clearfield county. Bishop Spring, Haines township. Centre county. Muthersbaugh Camp, Bratton township, Mifflin county. Second Splash Dam, Burnside township. Centre county. Fenstamaker Spring, Gibson township, Cam- eron county. Peck's Pond, Porter township. Pike county. counts Holt Camp, Burnside township. Centre 246. C. W. Brouse, Weedville, Pa 247. James F. Bohen, Whitemarsh Valley i;ountry Club. Chestnut Hill, Phila- delphia, Pa. 248. James W. Heacock, Wyncote. Pa 249. W. G. Munsell, Emporium, Pa 250. James D. Counsil,* Sinnemahoning, Pa., 251. James W. Stettler. 1055 W. Main St., Stroudsburg, Pa. 252. A. L. Ueedy. Laurelton, Pa., 253. Peter Gearhart, Clearfield, Pa., R. D. No. 1. 254. Wm. HofTner, Huntingdon, Pa., R. D. No. 2. 255. O. B. Bruner.t Lock Haven, Pa 256. George W. Short, Little Marsh, Pa., .. 267. D. P. Beach, Little Marsh, Pa 2C0. Hiram Slagenwhite. North Bend, Pa., . Hayes Bridge, Hartley township. Union county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county, Mooney Spring, Southampton township, Franklin county. Head of Lloyd Run, Morris township, Tioga county. Pine Spring, Grugan township, Clinton county. Head of Eddylick, Burnside township. Cen- tre county. Peck's Dam, Porter township. Pike county. Moose Creek, Pine township, Clearfield county. Gordon Camp, Pine township, Clearflehl county. Little Swamp, Plunketts Creek township, Lycoming county. Head of i.aurel Run, Cass township, Hun- tingdon county. Irwin Mill Camp, Barree township, Hun- tingdon county. Summit Camp, West township, Huntingdon county. Little Laboard Camp, Gibson township, Cameron county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county. Tar Kiln Creek, Blooming Grove township. Pike county. Buffalo Switch, Portage township, Pottei county. . . ^ Head of Arksill Run, Grove township, Cam- eron county. Black Diamond Camp, Porter township. Pike county. ,, , Sheasley Run, Hartley township. Union county. . . ^, ^ , . Horn Shanty Run, Pine township, Clearfleld county. Martin's Barn, Miller township, Huntingdon county. ^, ^ , , ^,, Head of Smith Run, Noyes township, Clin- ton county. , . _,, Reese Camp, Shippen township, Tioga county. Applebee Camp, Tioga county Seven Mile Run Camp, Chapman township, Clinton county. •Not yet executed, t Revoked. 8 31 600 6 00 8 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 5 OO 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 8 00"^ 6 00 8 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 8 00 6 00 20 00 6 00 600 6 00 6 00 6 00 8 00 6 00 5 00 5 00 8 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 6 00 5 00 6 00 6 00 32 UEPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 3d 274. Jackson Rice, Little Marsh, Pa 276. W. B. Simpson, Huntingdon, Pa., ... 288. Elmer B. Reep, Lawrenceville, Pa., ., Biff Tree Hollow, Shippen township, Tioga 5 00 county. Floyd & Hale Camp, Jackson township, 6 00 Huntingdon county. Reed Camp, Brown township, Lycoming 5 00 county. Leases awarded before December 31, 1915, but not drawD for execu- tion on that date: V. E. Hartle, Meyersdale, Pa., P. A. Hunter, Brookville, Pa., W. C. LeFevre, Lewistown, R. D. No. 2, M. C. Dinger, Morrisdale, Pa Fred Lanterman, Kaylor, Pa Miss Olive Price, Mountain Home, Pa., . H. L. Bowman, Clearfield, Pa., , Hubler Spring, Girard township, Clearfield county. Summit Camp, Benezette township. Elk county. Splash Dam, Bratton township, Mifflin county. Big Spring, Gibson township, Cameron county. Williams Camp, Pine township, Clearfield county. Mud Pond, Porter township. Pike county. Pine township, Clearfield Stone Run, F. B. Yocum, Mapleton Depot, Pa | Wia"" Oak Flat. Cass township, Hunting- don county. 15 00 5 00 6 00 5 00 600 8 00 6 00 6 00 The Department of Forestry is anxious that the people of Pennsylvania shall enjoy the State Forests as camping, hunting, and fishing grounds, and every possible facility consistent with the' pro- tection and development of the Forests will be furnished our people to this end. The recreation and enjoyment to be obtained in the woods is being more and more appreciated. The hunters, fish- ermen, campers, and picnickers are among the staunchest friends of forestry, and to them we confidently look for better protection of the State Forests from year to year, as well as greater care in their use of the forest. The large number of forest fires attributed to campers, hunters, and fishermen should soon be materially decreased. It is not possible to have beautiful recreation grounds and forest fires in the same place. Neither is it possible to have fish and game in abundance on burned areas. The sooner this fact is indelibly burned upon the memory of all of us the more careful we will all become of the way we conduct ourselves in the woods. TEMPORARY CAMPING PERMITS. The following table shows the number of temporarv camping per- niits issued during the years covered by this report,^ together with the number of names of persons appearing upon the permits; also a summarjr of the permits issued from 1904 on. Interest in temporary camps is not abating, but the number of applicants has decreased owing to the leasing of permanent camps : Year. .a , so 'a u % 5?; 5i u 4> 09 p tf M 243 379 421 442 596 622 623 749 711 811 686 614 1,614 1,977 2,303 2.497 3.409 3,597 3.556 4.528 4,672 •4,521 4,258 3.421 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912. 1913, 1914, 1915, FORESTERS' INDIVIDUAL AND SPECIFIC REPORTS. Each of the foresters in charge of a definite area of forest land is charged with the duty at the end of each calendar year of making a detailed report of all his activities during that period. This includes a financial statement of his operations and a complete inventory of all State property in his custody or under his control. To publish even a condensation of these reports, as was done for the years 1912 and 1913, would bring this volume to such an unwieldy size that it could not be satisfactorily handled. The Department has therefore thought it best to reduce the reports to a bare tabulated form, in which the most condensed statement may be made in a few words or a set of figures to indicate the contents of the several re- ports. The table has, therefore, been prepared with this end in view. If greater detailed information be desired by any person respecting any feature of the tabulation, this may readily be had upon inquiry at the Department of Forestry. From time to time it is necessary either to divide or consolidate former forest units, and in the re-arrangement of the classification it is sometimes desirable to change the names by which forest units are designated. Such changes have been made during the period covered by this report, and in the first column of tabulation the instances are indicated where these have occurred. 3—26—1916 i 34 l-H Oi l-H OJ <1 W O O m fa o ;?; o M H m Q o W < en REPORT OF THE Oft. Doc. I I 6 I t d) , • V 0) a 5 Q o a; (U 0) . fl a a it *j o o o «M IH y. y. ;*!: 2.000 sq. CO 8 0 OS c S sasBai pas spsj^noo •(soiiui) paAojfluji JO papnajxe 'bauB[ aj0 puB siiBj) 'spBoy a o y, a o , £S 0) K c o ss z fa 0) a o J2 O a o y, v a c en 3 0^ a o a o y, a o 0* a o a o * •4-1 0) • • oJ oT ■w •<-> Qi 0) Of o, a a a o> o a a 8 a a a a a h4 03 GO . . ii «3 • • * £bf IH OJ M OJ • u 01 be it is u a c g u fl S: a u s a 00 ^5 O 08 fa« O 05 fa« O 03 fa« O OS fa« »Heq iHr-l r-tes» 1H rH 1 i-teq GQ • : 4> ■♦-• a •M 0) a a y a a ♦J s £| O (0 fa« 4) a • « * 4)* • oT ■*-> •M 0> V F^ a o. a 0 r a aT E i 8 a a at ' a « >-< « } ^H OQ ester ger • • • • • • it IS U B O' ua 0> O OS fa« a 09 l^ a OS »-t.H W tH« CO •JBdi I O fa •o a od CO o fa tA 1-1 0> t-t § o> 9 be o a o ed a a< V, o fa s fa o fa O) "be ed •a od pq fa a 02 Q u u od o . o< . 00 0 o 4-) Ii o :3 hi ed n a o ■♦-» bi o OB o •o •1 « hi od n Ol S bo s 00 o •a 03 01 Od o> be ■^ s • Q a 5 : ■*-• ed •♦-> ♦» ; •a * W ; oo . 0> . hi hi . a . o . ii : a : fa : •o • s • O' cu • M ' n : •w ! en CQ • h:) o< . ^ 00 hi Oi « fa" •— I O) % « S5 No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 35 0 o 55 0> 0) « 0 fl a o o J? ^ S5 s?; a 0 CO 5 C3" OQ CO 0) hi , •M 0> c ^A CO S| <=> c* i S ^% \h a o y. 0) a o OJ 01 a a o o S'. ^ DQ Oi t> a a o hi CO •o O' 0> c o 5^. ed O .a hi O iA ID 03 0> 01 0 0 o O y. y CO hi 01 a o o> 0 hi 0. • CO CO ^H fa 0 O i5 0 O e«» e^ CQ Oi kO « 0 o S te @ iS be a o O' a 03 •a I o 0 o o be o o bt » A •o . 0-0 03 0> •O OJ 0> Od 0 hi *^ mh od hi •o 0 O y 8 $ od o. 0> hi •c o o be i s o x: _ • O fl ; • 0] ^ rH 02 o> 8 o a cd m a od 02 CO o> a xn S ^ O' a od OQ a od 03 o> 1-1 Oi a 8 0 a ed 09 O' O' •a a 6 • • • ; • • . • • • i *•> • h. o 4 ) u o> faS a g a 01 •4-» "a a o O ^ as *^ 9 O 03 fa« i-i« O' o< "E a o a ed 02 hi O' O OS fatf o; m OI a ed 09 O) 4-> 0> "E a o o a hi a. g o: ^ O CO ed ^ od 0< a S3 02 ^•0 Of 1-1 0. a a h70 jr w hi "^ 0.C C 5 03 ed fa' in r-t. ^. Oi c od 00 £ fa^ 03 CQ hT 0( o 03 n 7S ti0 ^ P a 0 hi n 0< 0> hi OH .0 bc 0 03 .O a p » 0 03 a od o D n o • «:: . • ^%. d 9 0 0. O o 9 K B K ► Q o I 0 « hi I! P 03 0 o cr. 9 <» CO 9 P o •s ed U 0 03 ■4-* 0 0 0 O O 0 O "3 o pi 0 Ia 0 O a 08 a 03 .0 *■< ed O u o> 0 w 0* % i) £i u S3 HI o 0 03 ft 0) 10 hi 83 0/ •1 _ «c h • 08 0 Oj g 03 P 36 a Q I p-H I r-i a < H H tf O 2 H o O M H >^ Q ?: O o o I— t o 1 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. •O 0) 4' t! ■w a> iJ-a qTO) o >5 ^ . o o- n CO 0)5 01 a "22 4J 0> flj 0> ^ 01 ^ 0) a* Si a; 01 a c o o >^ y> 8 % sdSBai puB sjDBj;uoo OJ a> a o o o ^ ^ a 0/ c ■♦-> 0> a o ?5 o> a ^ 09 o; a o t) a u 0) O o St 9 X3 OJ c o 0> a o •(sanoi) paAOJduii JO papaa^xd 'saaBi ajg puB siiBJj 'spBoa o< (3 o M CO '(sajoB) Bdjy S5 "& m •s o> a o> a o ^5 XdAjng ^BpnnoQ J3 OJ s 03 03 i3 a otf b- 0) -^ e a 09 t- m » OJ B od OS s B 09 •jBeA s hi a • • • oT 01 0) Q. a a B S B c5 8 a • • • • • • • • * • • >> • • • • « • • • • • • • • • • Forester Ranger. Laborer. Forester. Ranger, I Forester, Emergenc Ranger. Forester, Rangers. Teamster, Laborer, iHr-lrH 1 r-frH 1 tH »H »- 1 .H'*t-(tH 0> B 03 03 .2 D. S o O ; ; ; OJ O 03 r-l^5 0) a CO VI 1(5 r-t 0> lO i- 0> OS O' B 0) & 00 p a 09 U Oi •o 0 « O; B a s u n O o a o c 8 a Oi 01 •-• O o n o 00 n 09 o t* o a « a 08 be a Oi-i s n 0> Ml a 9 No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. S7 t i/» Oj I— I a 03 ^^. O-O rs 1-1 a " ki O' <5 09 0) 9 o 0) 0> 0> . a 0> • . . 0) 9 O 9 O 9 O VI 9 o 9 O V-1 1-1 o 03 /; ^. 'A a d" '/; y^ d« D- ^ d" 03 CA CO 09 (A cc J?? g o s ??! CO V> ?J t- t- r^ 1 t4 a; s 0) ,Q 9 O y. OJ 9 O a o O) 9 O 5< Oi 9 O 0< 9 c y. OJ 9 o y O) 9 O Oi 9 O 0* 9 9 o o S Oi 0/ 9 o Oi 2 9 X3 o 1-^ ^, eo M 9 O 00 Oi 9 o S5 Oi •^ 9 rH o 'A Oi 9 O y ^ i9 SS s ^ s Fl ^ to U5 4i 9 O • • (J ^ o o o o : o. a • 0) Oi OG c» 9 9 oJ o O 9 J3 ,9 o y* CO ■^ Oi 9 Oi 9 o y ?1 s 08 S 03 s rH 0/ 9 O J', (7> 0- 9 O Ui 08 Oi B Vi 8 tc s n 0> B 03 0/ B 08 01 s 03 Oi 9 O y. S 0< 9 o e-i ct ^ 0^ ■«-l Oi Oi B o o a • ". •1 O) « •^ o u .— ■ a Q. B j2 o o O O •4 . gSe O 08 0) B 08 m ki 9 O 08 i-iM Oi a B o Oi B 08 S ^ u u 9 O 03 01 ■t-' Oi E 8 9 OI 4-1 Oi "S. B c o 9 Oi a B o o 9 Oi l-H c. B o o 9 Oi 4-1 a a B o Oi S 08 hi o; 4-1 OQ 0) u o hi Oi 4-> K Oi hi o O 08 Oi B St CO ?J hi CC i^. 4, 6C u 9 O 03 rHOq 01 Oi •-^ a B 8 9 • • • » • Oi •»-' •> Oi Oi r-i ■tj a 01 E 9. 8 B a o HH O Oi B 08 05 t* 00 4, U hi 9 O 03 • • • • *5 Oi 09 g 0 i 1 uiS g ^^ 06 rHf-i lO s lA >«<• to rH rH A a> 0> t— 1 r-t r-l i lA rH p 9 to 6C 9 B O XI C8 B r 9 00^ n i Oi 06 hi o> a « a o a « B 9 O :3 09 08 t-s " •»^ ri ^ 5'=' 08 X3 f 03 hi 08 00 9 03 .9 •M hi 08 Ui ^« Oi c . ►- 9 Oi 4-1 9 08 V. o en 9 08 63, ^, 9 O 4-1 .9 tie P •-3 .24 o> .r4 Oi 4J 4J • 0.53 hT Oi H 9 W4 9*^ CO 4, 4, ><9 4/ *; 00 o c o CJ €3 Xl cn 5« M o o 03 rM S3 O 08 .0 Si m 9 a Oi «B hi S3 9 03 oa i3 9 C8 X3 .a 09 a 1^ gw n iS u ^ Oi 9 .- • B t« 6C •t: B 9 00 -H "^ 9 9 b u 0 c n cs 08 ■ \ . ,1' N 4-1 9 P5 38 'y/i-: a •M a 8 X l-H l-H rH ;^ W H « O O O M H H Q O O O o K REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. S ' 0) a a 0) a ■<-> « « o o o o 1-1 ^< so d" CO ;^ ^. m" « No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 89 • 73 OJ 00 a a a a o o o o y y ^< ^'^ ' 1 n o y 01 a o 00 a. 9 S CO 5? c o y (0 ^ a a 9 O a E eo ' 4) ■a 41 fl S »4 O *5 -l 0> s eo C o S5 « •M u «H CJ « O" rH n o 8 S^ « w 4> fl 9 a o O o ;z; ?; y. a c y. a; 9 o y. M .9 CO ^ 03 .a S lA 9 o >5 9 o lO 9 o tA 9 O ?5 0) 9 o y N 9 o y 9 o y 3 9 "oa 9 9 O y (9> 02 bo 9 9 a CO '(sdjOB) Bajy 9 O y ^aAjng iCJBpanoa B es !X2 M a 8 a 9t iO m 9 O y B ea o ?5 ^ ift !« ?J !2 ^ S e>5 o a o o tc M eS ■a c c I- s s ^ 0) ^ a g ca ^ CQ ?^ CQ 0) a a 8 9 a o u a; ♦J CO • • • OJ •«-> a; a< o. a c. 8 a 9 c i-i U • • * . • ^ ^ . tt> tT rest nge • o « a en fe<« iHr-l I 02 • 0) ■t-l : 9 u 9 O ea o oa fo« bOJ »H pH »HtH a> Q. a o 9 a< a ca 01 4-1 HI a a o 9 1 ...... u o o o. 1- 4 1^ 1 a a> 1 £ c 1. t- CO 1 rH eS - M r-l »-• ift 1 in a 1 > 2 5 9 i ! 5 ca S3 w ?5 I «« S I 9 o o bO o o be 0) 9 o 9 o ;5 M v. 9 03 >A 0) a a ea 03 2S 0) a S3 ^ O e3 li a ca (w - o ca ea 0) a S3 iT r* CO O ej oa 4-> 4) «-^ a a o 4) bi be «-2 o ca 2 Q ,9 u ■♦-< I 9 9 4^ rH .id 03 9 4> a ea 05 r-t 05 4J ■M 41 c a 8 9 »- OB 4» 4) Li-*.* •»-> 4, 03 gwa ^' s « O es 4> rH«r.| 4> ■♦-> 4J 4) a a ea o Kl u 4> 4> r-< a a 6 4) £■•-• ki a es c ea a> • • • • • • * V h. ti a* ^g oJ O 03 a ea ^^ rHrH 0(9 o ea - ^ . « 0) •M •*-> 4) 4> a a a 41 a 8 a 8 9 es 9 HH OU hH 4> a OS 9i a o ca a ea OS £| *- 9 o ea rHK a aa 09 rH rH 0> lA lA ?5 s 4^ < o 9 O 9 • ea • ■M • 9 ¥ ea 4-1 o •-H a I 8? OS 4-> Q d 41 41 pq 4) 5^4 -S«H 9 cS > a 4^ 4> n 4) n 9 O w 9 es P rH rH 9 n 4> o M % 9 n 4) O .» » %^ UJ 9 4j 2 O 9 4< o O a 9 9 "3 •♦-< 9 9 O 4> a 9 4»*^ 09 . M % 4) a «a u ea o . 4< a 9 4) Pk j4 M CI a 9 4> Pk »4 4^ 9 (•% PQ 9 09 9 ca > iO REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No.' ^6. DEPARTMENT OE FORESTRY. 41 a> a o ft. cre 0' CJ a a None so ^ §. s ^ > t- CO o a as . 0) 01 0) (U 0) (V VI CO cud) CO •I cm' Csl CO a o y. 0. c o dJ a o a o y a o y. a o y a CO CO I— < a as 55 .a 05 ?; o a o a o y »4 a o Qi r-l M oj a o 55 u» la iiS^ie^ ^ * 1 8 53 5 "O a ^ r-l esj & 8 s» a o b 01 « aS^ 41 Q.I' S o » a to « •»^ ♦-' a e) .a ^ CO to (4 a ' o oT Sg E .£ e =5° « 1 03 h) a ! «~i «; i CS l4 o s. 8 Cvl / i 3 i ' is a CO § 0> § a • • ■ a a f^ ?:l xn 28 0) a CO 3 t- a 03 J^ a 03 CO I • • * a> « ^-i •M 4) a> ■— 1 o. a a a a a> ?, E o a a c; a es »-i a ! t-H GO • • • • • • • • • • • • • • it i • u ■•-> s . -w •M 0) ^ I O S3 p « o ^« a b fa 1-I4s| ob 1 ^ t-t 0) •M (V a o O ed f-lM a 03 OS n a 6 s u •-9 fa» r-tffCI • • • • • a • * « « 4-) 4-> • • V It a> 4) • ^^ o. 01 a *! : J 1 a o a c a : E 8 a 8 E a CO a 5 a 1-4 cc ^ 1 • • • • • • . * 1 . • 1 4> 1^ ■ • • * > • • * B • • • • • • • 4> i^ • : i| <] • •♦-• s a, ^ § ^ g O 03 E O OJ S fc« i CQ rHrH l-l« CO t-HN w a> 15 (3> § •^ IO ^ lA ^ u» f> >o V— ( iH ^ l-H IH rj o> S o> tf> o> en C» 0> r-l t-l I-l »-l r-l rH r-< Q I g 03 a I I. gH I" a o a 4) a a ft OQ 4-1 ■♦-» o > 5 4> Ui N ...^ 00 6C a p . c • J3M 03 o C3 sa H « »4 4) N CO a 03 4> O ,a CO o a GO W . 4> r-l 4» 4) J3 CO xn o a CO 41 1 ca o. -«5 4* 4-) O 3 .a a 03 03 3 ♦.I CO a hi a CO 03 4) H a 03 Si ■*-> 41 .£3 i I u o r-» 3 S > hi 4/ hi OS 41 n 00 n 4* 6C N ♦J 4i n a o 42 V.f ,#> aKPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. I ft. 0) a a • i^ M 0) o •sasBai pnB spBjjuoo a u O o lO •(sainu) poAojdiuj JO papuajxd 'sauBi ajg puB siiBj; 'KpBoa 00 ?3 09 s o 3. S O; .ax: Cm o» 0) a o kA 0; a o CO s a CO K «- o S ss s eg n o CO a S cs o •(sajoB) Bajy •^aAjng ifjBpunoa S^ 0; Q. a o o a a CO n. a o 1-1 ?: g q; g a a OS a OS so CO o bo; d) ♦J a» a. a iiT g S c a H4 Xi a CO a O OS £ OS a? •jBa^ S i?5 ? OS O o Q . •^ ': Z ' ^ I u • '. «- • : a; : 00 r : Q • a : cs • 4-> . a : a> n .a OS g n a ■a o -2 0 O l I— I H H w O g O O H Q O o o c DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 43 5 I S o c o (]3 tn a a •1-4 o Q. if* a> • 0> a 0) o. a; • a> ,^4 a o (3 /<) a ta* a B OS o o o f •o e: 01 a cs CO a; c o 4 a> a c o o r. S5 a; a o S5 0) o ^5 u 9 o cs a 4-> a BO ^a cs a; GO a o ■«-• u o hi hi OS c 03 u cs a OS CO ;^iS s tf a c 4-1 o c o as OS ^ CO n 44 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 2d. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 45 S B o a o t-i o a a) H a o o a o 5?; 0) a o a S o o o s -a 0/ I e3 c o 01 c o • a V at a ^ o ert ^ h a o o a o o c 03 H c oe a. I I a o 8 o 98 8 o 0) a « 01 s o 8 c S 03 CO a o -o 8 if -a eS a< a> 03 8 a 03 O c w § 03 OJ ^ C^f r-* i I o o if es c O) 5^ i a: K •2 a S3 ^ 0; tw O O i:fe « ai^ rt.f a. ^2 rin cc e M i u Ui it a 5h 01 a 0* bD oT H O 03 U §6 ( 01 « c o> tc u K bt es E : C n K o 46 4^& - REPORT OF THE Off. Doc No. 26 DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 47 a o 'r^ *■* a ■M a as u o 1) a M o C0 ^ H 9i a o ?5 o d o d H 0) d o d si Eh o 0) d o OI d o 0) d o § a OS »4 I (4 •a d «2 FM 0) CJ •r^ a 0) J3 o ; -a d e) Oi d o. u o a O W u -a d 09 a> hi a d a 02 a 0) D o 8 a a> a> « a> 4^ cc a g? O) lA OS « o ^ I 1^ tc H te d H en S ;::« u .2 i n ^H c P^ 05 H 0; c;o Ml PQ n OQ 48 REPORT OF THE Off Doc. No. 2ft. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY, 49 a o a u o a H 0) a o o CI 08 u o a H o ?5 a o a u o a OS Eh 0) a o 0) a o 0) a o J5 a o a u o (3 (4 a a a n hi o o g 01 •O eS bi t« 1:4 lit a a> -o a 03 a fa s a o M M r^ B O a) fa 01 a o 0) S ■a o o o a a at !» Q, o a OS o o a ** N T-l^" ?Si3 ""/-. 5^5 0/ a 01 a 0 0 'A ^, a o > Q o a 8 o a o a 8 o &4 S' u o o 4-> a a a 03 02 o O a 0: Q &4 0* a o a o S5 a o 25 -a a i::$ f— i 00 08 a 08 OS S'!? 0) 2 o tSD *-• a o a 9 o % .a 02 o c OS O' «i 7: Si Q. 4-1 o VI 0« tc o 9 4— 2G— lOlG so REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OP FORESTRY. . f. I tti^i^oRi:' o^ Tiiu .^o. ^. DEPARTMENT O^ FORESTRY. 53 II J (v REt>ORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 0) V a a o o ^ S^ r-t rH T-l a 0) a o w us N I rl ?? 56 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. sn 1 « ♦J 4-» •FH H s (I (^ (K 0; c O. s CO • •D O' ■«-> ctf ^^ o •rH > w fc 1 s B s g 0) ai 00 «^ a a r-f i i ' ' 1 57 I J r • 58 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26, DLTARTMJQNT OF FORES'l'Rt. 60 n 5JS iM 3^ 31 S:j M; N I r^ wm 2 i i: a (Q 60 tlEt>OKT OB' Tttll Off. t)oc. '8J0)t8iA. puB saatluiuj -89)18 aoiBO m H m O H w PC4 w O H W :^ m M PQ w H O ;?; m Q O H < P «3 > 00 in e^i M $ . __> f- e^i cc o oj ■ f '^ :SS :^S;5*g?3SS :">» :^SJ§'°S^'^a ■ o • 00 • CO m'liQ ;nmseiu) ■amooat ib:joj, « .s .s * rt 'S »- 03 be tC b t>^ be tlD M c c « e o c fl •CO S'C'C "C "O es e3.2 « (3 e; e« 4; a>7 0) a> 0) 01 c- c,S c & & p. ;£ OS OS CC Ki OS CC bCbCUl fl B C .,-1 .^ .rl -ceo eS cs es oj 0) a> , l-l l-l (-1 •O2CB0O- tC tilbCU tc c c d o c .^ *.M -^ "r^ -fH •O "CO "O "O 03 e3 OS cj 03 c a> 4j a; O) ^^ ^^ 1 1 fc O.C.C&CI OS OS CO 6C OS • * • • » ■ : to >> • M ■ • c 03 ■ • -c a . • « o . : a; 4-1 . . ^< eS • • P. ■»-> • •OSOQ • bctc 0 0 •o-o u u OSOQ S^^E::?? m (3 go '* 0 OS 'dSsmua •BBJV •jaqiunM ltA«e • C4 :S • • ggP^' is; • omu»oo< . u5 CO a>o ic < .tTi«^g§«S8 d ^'^'« g i^'S'^S-^ : '-§-^«'"a ltd «o eno3iooi puB saaMO) ^i\A •pa^aauuoo eaaoqdaiaj. (•seim) :»U"^ ^^^^ auoqdaio.L ^nq paXaAJns ann iJBpanoH^ (saniM) •p a u a d 0 auu iCaBpunoti (•saniv) poa^do saaBi aau (Bauw) -^Unq siPiX (•saim) '^U"^ ^P"""* *^''''' (sauK) "P^AWdnii spBoa pio m o jerHusowMWusj^ :^o«> :"9t-«5;o>"»J5««>=;?«^^^Sg I Jiliiissis^is, So . c> o • o< 5 .Jgg :in< > c> la CO g^5u=.oj««coj.^^-u5^c.c5J^i^5:og^«S8«>S^S . rH « •<«< iH iH CO .IflCMOOiH^ . ; g^ eq •« • 'eOM 'ri '"^ .lO .^^N,HoorH'«-M • e4cc .C4CQ • • • •lofoao i r :9S \ ■ i8 • CO • . . . • • . . . • g25! :5"»?^S^^S : isS^Ig :* i^SS ijSS \^ \ „t- :5;«^S?^*«~5;5^;5;H^ >o«c3^^. :^8'«ss 555:5 :»5S«^S«S- :j;;SgS^53S^5;!« {^^''S : l<0^e • '^r?^^.^ *«^nr^i?•»^«5?^ CO • • • CO lO t- CO ^^ No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY ei .MOO O Ic^i-Teow ;i . in <=> ^ 00 ■ cb «oo th • in tne^ oo • * * • CO l-l .O QOOOOOO ■ «c o o o th ■— ' iQ . o o -^ t- to to CO 4 m M e^ .coc^c. :?3S :§3SSS^ .'^rH'^i-t >^ M J; M 60 C^ g-OtJ .2 «*5 * * el *^ 03 i^ b OSOIGQOQCG gj (ri M »4 03 OS OS OS OS GQ into 'C^ Moegtr ^5r-l«0 > C 00 . CO oi 00 in in - .ina> CO CMO ^-''«^'53^* ij-W t--c.-^- \^'^-^ :^*-s i^4iM CSiM • rH t- «>-S5SS3Sa§l53«»«'^«**"^^"«'''* iSiliiiiliiiiiiiilPAl « ^-in-cio «r5;f "s'o^-m in-g co'o z^ o ;h in rH g o S'«l§SSS8S"'^SSIS^5Si3gai5SSS • CO CO ■ rmo'* .ooio-^c^** : ;e^ :'"''* *.*' .^r., . .-vn .coeoiH-* ; ; .CMrHiHt-«H • y-< tOr-it'Ci •C^iOe^Ci'^ I I N 'CO • • .^ _Mmm -^ ■«# • W» • • •ft* • • • • • • • • r^ • • lOlH .,H ..HCO .tOON'^'t- eo SS^^S-SV^SSS :S8^53SSS5J3 • • • • M ki «n V Or- iiS 004 S 6C s ^ _: -«2 -So O o * o B •" Oat I? : « • o • OS C. .>» s B a> B a fl B*- Oti''aN032O^Sr'C^ 611 .C.2 ca B B - 3 82 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. REPORT OF THE FOREST INSPECTOR. Until Mr. Wirt was promoted to the office of Chief Forest Fire Warden, he continued his work as Forest Inspector during the year 1914 and to September 1, 1915. In this time he was busily engaged in making examinations and reports and doing work directly con- nected with forest extension and propaganda. He made inspections of land and rendered reports thereon to the owners or to those having interest therein. Copies of all reports are on file in the Department. The work of the Forest Inspector must now be divided among other members of the Department, largely among the foresters in the field. Mr, Wirt gives his whole time to the bureau of forest protection. A continuously increasing number of calls is being made for this kind of assistance and is being responded to as readily and as promptly as it lies within the power of the Department to do. It is found that there is an increasing desire on the part of private land owners to understand better the capacity of their lands for forest production. Most of the examinations and reports are directed to this end. The work of the Inspector included inspections, addresses, pre- paring special reports, preparing articles for various publications, .•onducting the work relative to forest fire wardens and permanent oamp leases, visiting and assisting the foresters upon the State f'orests, and doing miscellaneous office work. The following table is a condensed statement of work for private individuals in the inspection of trees, woodlots, and woodlands : No. 26. n -3 < P M w > o Q < DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 63 a o •rr* a* a a Pi 9 O < m H O Q O O xn H U O 55 C m 0) •o « a o u o s I I at Q % ■s 5. u OQ OB •*2 0) u a)-t-> i 5.- c a 4) ?> O.S OB I I fl 03 N et:a o a a O) (4 3 3 ' CO V 'Si ar O MiAM u u V nncn a a> d V • ..a VJ til o • -rs a ^oS a o u a 0 : (3 :B > .0 •■ZB is :a • a> : > . o . u • a •a • ^ a -* a x: if •^ d w-M OJ S ^ ** : d .a do .sa « o " o.^ 2 _.» 4, ai 08 0) S 60 60 == ^i d +i .^vi O cvi d*^ o*-*-" 60 « O '9, C8 0- "3 d ." 00 .Q "I- 8 zi o in a, ■-I t> a a; rt o BM.2 p M i? -^^ 9t ^t a .»• " fc a .d 4»0 •o b— 2 .S " c: d : 60 g -^ d * go 3 :a • « g :S« a • e^. . • O— ; 00 4> .d O ^ «4 « ^ a - a> sis •Ti ' a ^^ «s ^ .0 dH . d « ©-• o a UO •o o et 09 «a >> O at .a a ^ S2 '^ ol 0-n 53 H • 09 0) « £2; 9 a( d-S V Ok d o S5^ a ^ 5 Vi o ••o IS • d ^a-s 01 ^73 09 »:. S . •♦-> »-i>i3 ♦-d 0) dp ? J? o 0' Oi- ^^ Jd « : V '. u . caaOi 4, 0> «^ OQ ail >ll 64 REt>ORf Ot" THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. Ift •I— » QQ .A • rH OQ 'd •d oi a B -«1faHH a o w ■»-< o u 5a 9 S;Sa=!3 a ■a* ozi Hi a *< *^ a 2 •4->,2 CJ 5 o o fa -t-i a (.1 a a 3 O u t) fa t * w - fa'^'3 -"►:• on. 000 His 2 « a 2» a o o « _J«^ 3.3 «ga osii oJa o ^H*>1fa • 3 3 . «8i3 a^ 01 3 o •o Si .3 a, cj _ CO a> o o 0) flir:!«-i«t-i «> ft'b'O n OS >, adi 0) ^ 00 Q. "O 4) 3 CLVI ^ O ■vi _ O as 3 0) Oi a o •3 3 ||^ S j^t a I 08+j ^ ea 0) o ^ 'S*^'3 3 a-T'" O 41 ^,3 3*^ " O 03 9 • 3 u . eo ■5b!;5 CO c~3 O «-•" 2 2 o ^ O. . o3 ^ .^^ .^r .-* 3 >• O O O rj O o ^0-0,3 - «^§§ ,2 Nil VI •'- -r: "3 "O eg 3*^ .2?.^ 3 3 3 •-» t-ji-» S^"*^?; S 4) « 4) The following is a statement of various periodical articles and dis- cussions prepared by Mr. Wirt: Reports and Magazine Articles. Report on pitches' Brooms ^^^^ ^^^^^ Activities of Department of Forestry lor x» i. °'B,C"Tpen«sjl,.nia Fo,..«, Acti.ltle. from M5 (for Go- "Fire in Penn's Woods" (a review of 1913 forest nresj v the Open"). ^^ ^ Pennsylvania Department of Forestry Conservation '^\^^!f;''7/y_j^^ Jf Pennsylvania Forestry activ- (Republican Yearbook) . (A review 01 ^ j "'t^^' . H stream Flow (for State Water Supply Commission). Forests and Stream Flow (t ^^^^^^ (Department). ^Xr^^'Drafts, for C-acre experimental planting on lands of Cambria Steel Company at Johnstown. WhY we should plant trees, cuttings. ^rc;s.n:;.r.,.g .o purp.»; .i.»«io.; «.«> »- «< plants. sXun^'trg. P..n.. ..r «..re«.«o„. Trees on the farm. Condition and treatment of farmers' woodlots. r. ^ 8 10U Mr Wirt was placed in charge of the system of On May 8 1»1*' ^r J I^^^ ^^^ ^.^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ . fnVthf rrUin^ Till system. After giving the subject careful 5—26—1916 I REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. m study he made a number of recommendations for the betterment of the system and began the preparation of a forest fire warden's man- ual for the use of these officers. The manual was not published be- cause it was felt that the Legislature of 1915 would make some im- portant changes at the request of the Department, which changes were finally accomplished in the passage of the forest protection code. The fire warden's manual will be revised to meet the condi- tions imposed by the new law, and is intended to be published in the near future. A circular on the subject of forest fires, the duty and importance of protecting forests from fire, and showing the disastrous results following fire, was prepared and widely circulated. It was sent to all the railroad companies owning or operating lines within the State; to all the city, county, borough, and township superintendents of schools ; to all the county commissioners, as well as to all the for- esters in the Department, with instructions to them to arouse a public interest against forest fires in their neighborhoods. On July 1 and 2, 1914, he attended the meetings of the United Sportsmen of Pennsylvania in Pittsburgh, as a representative of this Department. On July 16 a visit to the Asaph nursery and the region around Cross Fork was made. On August 3 and 4 he accompanied the Wisconsin legislative com- mittee over the Mont Alto and Caledonia forests. On August 11, 12, and 13 he inspected a large portion of the Penny- packer Forest. On September 8 and 9 he attended the summer convention of the foresters at Eaglesmere. During the year he was engaged at intervals in working out a sys- tem of uniform accounts for the State Forests. A number of the forms were revised and new ones prepared. Forms relating to the new class of auxiliary forest reserves, were also prepared. Lectures on uniform accounts were given to the students of the Academy dur- ing June and July. The Forest Inspector was also charged with the duty of regularly checking up the monthly reports of foresters and forest rangers. He assisted them in the preparation and handling of their accounts. The report material on hand from the foresters and the records of all operations by them, were classified and filed by forests. During the first eight months of 1915 Mr. Wirt was engaged on essentially the same work as the preceding year. The following addresses were delivered upon the topics named, on the dates indicated: No. 26. ADDRESSES. Feb. 6, 13, 20, 27. School of Horticulture for Women, Ambler, Pa. "The Woodlot in Farm Management." March 20. Forest Fire Wardens, Monroe county, Buck Hill Falls. "General Forest Fire Work." ;, ^ . ,, ADril 13 Orphans Home, Womelsdorf. "Care of Trees and Forests. April 15 Orphans Home, Topton. "Care of Trees and Forests." May 4. Boys High School, Reading. "Civic Improvement by Tree Planting " May 6. Girls High School, Reading. "Civic Improvement by Tree Planting " Dec. 30. Chamber of Commerce, Johnstown. "Why Johnstown Got a District Forester." Reports and magazine articles were prepared and submitted as follows: . . .. , Reports and Magazine Articles. Jan. 14. Forest Fire System in Pennsylvania (N. Y. Forestry Asso- ciation Magazine). Feb. 1. Outline upon "The Woodlot in Farm Management (Depart- M^^°2 Inquiry to Governors of all States and various Forestry Of- ficiais concerning combination of forest, fish, and game interests. Mar. 10. Summary of Department Work in 1914 (F^^ft J^f^^j . Mar. 15. Re-drafting of Forest Fire Legislation, resulting in Forest Protection Code (Department). Mar. 24. White Ash (In the Open). Mar. 26. Safety First (Forest Leaves) (Discussion of forest fire con- Mai '^Tabulation of Forest Fire Wardens' reports for the year 1914 with assistance of R. W. Stadden (Department). May 14. Red Pine (In the Open). June 16. Cottonwood (In the Open). July 14. Sugar Maple (In the Open). Julv 27. Norway Spruce (In the Open). Aug 25 Tree Planting vs. Forest Fires (Forest Leaves). Oct 15. Telephone in Forest Protection (Telephone News). Dec. 8. Red Oak (In the Open). Mr Wirt superintended the initial forest plantipg made by the children at the Womelsdorf and Topton Orphans' homes on April 13th and 15th, and on the 24th assisted the Park authorities of the city of Reading to establish a municipal forest tree nursery. On S 5th and 6'th he superintended the planting of 13,000 trees on the Reading watershed with the help of 84 high school boys and 416 high school girls. *i--'-ilr'^^^i':^ f -.■,.'(«*-">«-^ 68 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. Preparatory to making a contract for the sale of certain timber in the Nittany Forest, careful examination and report thereon was made by him on May 25th, 26th, and 27th. During the months of July and August, most of his time was spent in necessary oflfice work. During the last three days in July he was in attendance at the meeting of the Eastern State Foresters at Mont Alto, and during the second week in August attended the meeting of our own State Foresters at Galeton. During the latter part of August he made arrangements for the procuring of wood specimens at Mont Alto and assisted in the installation of the forest exhibit at the Reading Agricultural Fair. Circulars having been prepared and forwarded in December, 1914, to all the cities, boroughs, and first class townships in the State mak- ing inquiry about the acceptance of the shade tree commission act, replies were received and tabulated. They indicated the acceptance of this act by the following municipalities : Chester. Easton. Meadville. Philadelphia. Barnesboro. Beaver. Boswell. Bristol. Clearfield. Dorranceton. DuBois. East Mauch Chunk. East Pittsburgh. East Stroudsburg. East Washington. Forty Fort. Cities. Pittsburgh. Wilkes-Barre. York. Boroughs. Sewicklev. Shenandoah. Steelton. Tvrone. Washington. Waynesburg. Weatherly. West Chester. Westmont. Williamsburg. Wyomissing. It seems that none of the first class townships has as yet reported acceptance of the act. Out of 009 circulars thus mailed, but 406 replies were received. This is some indication of the low state of appreciation of shade tree planting which exists in the municipalities of the Commonwealth. Considerable effort has been expended in the knowledge and designation of information concerning wood utiliza- tion. The collection of data has proceeded, and in collaboration with the U. S. Forest Service, has resulted in the publication of "The Wood Using Industries of Pennsylvania," Bulletin No. 9. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. . T. 1 iQir. Mr Wirt was appointed Chief Forest Fire C^r::^'ttZi:^rIl^ eoaiy Since t.at date .as ^ef devoting his time to forest Are protection work. FIXED CHARGES ON STATE LAND. ,„, these »P"'"''™ "-I'fjjf , ° ^e TeLtn'.. 1M5, «p. bills at the session of 1913, P. U < ^"^ *^ arate appropriation acts, page 54. 1914. County. Cameron. Cameron. Cameron. Cameron, Cameron. Cameron. Centre. FrnnUlin, Hnniiltonban, Menallen, •• Adams Adams, Adams n^Atr.^^ ...1 Colerain, le^;<>^2' Cumberland Valley. Ko^S: :::::::::.l Southampton. Gibson fJrove. Ind. District, Lumber rortape Sblppen 26,. xsraoy . .•••♦»••••.♦•«•••«•••••••• Brown , Clinton Cogan House Cummlngs, Gamble, Limestone, < McH«'nry , Mclntyre Nippcnose, Plunketts Creek Washington Watson 15,739 60 24,64^ 721 1,586 3,137 6,063 3,563 10,314 4,0^ 19.531 26,395 796 5,183 3,643 1,360 9,091 5,725 199 444 98 365 1,155 269 3,354 14,567 283 3,668 6,849 3,704 994 3,197 524 538 9,624 3,573 2.239 1,255 5,045 2, MO 295 2,609 4.189 26,100 856 4,123 2,562 16S 613 1,150 3,577 221 ],0O? 1.068 5,745 1,951 109 1,118 4,956 314 78 1 20 492 96 14 42 31 72 62 74 121 26 71 06 206 28 81 42 390 63 627 90 15 90 103 26 72 86 27 20 181 82 Hi 50 3 98 8 88 1 96 7 30 23 10 5 38 67 08 •236 95 566 73 36 116 98 74 08 19 ?8 63 94 10 48 10 76 192 48 71 46 44 78 25 10 100 90 58 80 5 90 52 18 83 78 522 00 17 10 82 46 51 24 336 12 26 23 00 71 54 4 42 20 04 21 36 114 90 89 02 2 18 22 36 99 12 2,352 47 04 610 12 20 18,869 377 38 2,233 44 66 3r75 7 50 18.80R 376 06 5,107 102 14 4,175 S3 50 819 16 .38 17,806 356 12 2,311 46 22 110 2 20 8.201 164 02 3,969 79 38 1,215 24 30 16.739 60 24,648 721 1.586 3.137 6,063 3.553 10,314 4,071 19,531 26.395 795 5.163 3,643 1,360 9.091 199 444 9S 365 26» 3,^4 14,567 283 3,668 994 3,197 524 9.624 2.239 1,255 5,045 2,940 295 2,60G 4.189 26.100 856 4.123 2.(62 168 613 1,150 3.577 221 1.002 1.068 5,745 1,951 109 1,118 4,966 2,362 610 18.i'69 2.2« 18,80.^ 5,107 4.175 819 17,806 2.311 110 8.201 3.969 1.216 ^ 00 ii 314 78 1 ao 492 96 14 42 31 72 62 74 121 26 71 06 206 28 81 42 390 62 527 90 15 90 103 26 72 86 27 20 181 82 3 98 8S8 1 96 7 30 638 67 06 tl47 45 5 6S 73 36 19 88 63 94 10 48 192 48 44 78 25 10 100 90 58 80 5 90 52 18 83 78 522 00 17 10 82 46 SI H 336 12 26 23 00 71 54 4 42 20 04 21 36 114 90 39 02 2 18 22 36 99 12 47 04 12 20 377 38 44 66 7 50 376 06 102 14 83 50 16 38 356 12 46 22 2 20 164 02 79 38 24 30 Mifflin. ^'^"l*^^ Mifflin Bratton, Mifflin. ^''''TV Mifflin. ^^'^^^'jr Mifflin. Mifflin. Mifflin. Mifflin. Granville, Menno, . . Union, ... Wayne, . . Monroe K^^l"' Monroe }^^^^^ Monroe P'lc®* •pp.rrr Jackson, Smithfield, Perry, Perry, Perry, Perry. Pike, Pike. Pike. Pike. Pike, Pike. Pike. Pike. Pike. Pike. Pike, Madison, Madison, Toboyne, Tyrone, N. S. E. W. »••••••• Potter, Blooming Grove, Delaware Dingman, Greene, Lackawaxen, ... Jjehman, — Milford, Ind Palmyra, .~. . Porter Shohola, ... Westfall, .. District, Abbott Austin Boro, Potter, Potter, Potter. Potter. Potter. Potter. S°tS ::::l Sasr FoTkl attached to Eula- ^^^'^^ I lia for school purposes). Eulalia Homer Keating, Portage. Roulette Stewardson, >•••••••< Potter 1 Summit Potter Sylvania, Potter. Potter. Snyder. Snyder. Snyder. Snyder. Snyder. Snyder, Snyder. West Branch, Wharton, — Somerset, Somerset. Somerset. Tioga. Tioga. Tioga. Tioga. Tioga. Ttoea, Tioga. Tioga. •••••••• Adams, Centre Franklin Perry. Spring West Beaver, West Perry, Jefferson, ... Jenner, Lincoln, Chatham. ... Clymcr. Delmar, Duncan, — ij>ijj Mid'dleliury, Morris, Shippen Union. Union. Union. Union. Wpstmorplnnd. Westmoreland, Wyoming, . Total, Hartley, Lewis West Biiffalo, White Deer, . Cook Ligonier Eaton 27,926 8,028 6.871 942 80 314 202 6,163 856 1.545 4,000 7,851 1,236 497 16,460 330 11,826 1,324 5,1© 3,043 2,357 3,627 782 3.310 20,631 479 3.iei 19,464 564 5,364 10,802 4,243 14.499 '46i7« 14.276 4,396 876 7,225 3.642 374 948 1,000 6,084 4.013 3.025 1,043 1,499 925 1,188 744 5,529 1,052 14.295 1,956 18,067 14.576 28.191 20,768 4.063 2,S66 4,321 744 1,177 993,299 558 52 I 160 56 117 42 18 84 160 6 28 404 123 26 17 12 30 90 80 00 157 02 24 72 9 94 329 20 660 236 52 26 48 108 70 60 86 47 14 72 54 15 64 66 20 412 62 9 58 63 22 389 28 11 28 107 28 216 04 84 86 289 98 ' 814' 98 285 52 87 92 17 52 144 50 72 84 748 18 96 20 00 121 68 80 26 60 50 20 86 29 98 18 50 23 76 14 88 110 68 21 04 285 90 39 10 361 84 291 52 523 82 416 36 80 66 47 10 86 42 14 88 29 54 $19,811 78 27,926 8,028 5,871 942 80 314 202 6.163 856 1,545 4.000 7,851 1,236 497 16.532 390 11,826 1,324 5,185 3.043 2,367 3,627 782 3,310 20.631 479 8.161 19,464 564 5.364 1.809 10.802 t 4,243 14.499 1.497 41,140 14.276 4,3% 876 7,225 8.642 874 948 1,000 6,084 4,018 8,026 1,048 1,499 1,188 744 5.529 1,062 14.296 1.966 18.067 14.676 26.191 20,768 4,033 2.366 4,821 744 1.177 997.066 658 52 160 56 117 42 18 84 1 60 6 28 4 04 123 26 17 12 80 90 80 00 157 02 24 72 994 830 64 6 60 236 52 26 48 103 70 60 86 47 14 72 54 15 64 66 20 412 62 9 56 63 22 389 28 U 28 107 28 36 18 216 04 84 86 289 98 29 94 822 80 286 62 87 92 17 52 144 50 72 84 7 48 18 96 20 00 121 68 80 26 60 50 * 20 86 29 98 18 50 23 78 14 88 110 58 21 04 285 90 39 10 861 94 291 52 628 82 415 96 80 66 47 10 86 42 14 88 $19, m 61 n I f I 72 REPORT OF THE 1915. Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 73 1 U (0 z u m 00 o 1^ 1 .a ty. Township. cres for poses. mount pai purposes. cres for e poses. ft il < < < < Adams, AQHlUSa •••••••••••• Bedford, Bedford, Bedford. •••••••< Cameron. Cameron. Cameron. Cameron. Cameron. Cameron. Centre. Centre. Centre. Centre. Centre. Centre. Centre. Centre, Centre, Centre. Centre. Centre. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clearfield. Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton, . Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. , Clinton. : Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. . Clinton. . Cumberland, Cumherland, Cumberland, Cumberland, Cumberland, Cumberland. Cumberland, Cumberland, Dauphin, Elk, Elk, Franklin, Franklin, Franklin, Franklin. Frnnklin. Franklin. Franklin, Franklin, Franklin. Franklin. Franklin, Hamiltonban, Menallen Cumberland Valley Southampton, Gibson Grove, Independent District, Lumber L Oi lfl^6| •••••••••■*••••••••••••• Shippen, Burnslde, Curtin, Ferguson Gregg Haines, Harris, Miles Penn, Potter Rush, Spring Walker Covington, Girard Goshen Huston Karthaus Pike, Pine (part of Lawrence for school purposes). Sandy, Union Beech Creek, Captanea Chapman Colebrook, Crawford East Keating Gallagher, Green Grugan, Lamar Leidy *Noycs, •••••••••• •• Pine Creek, Wavne West Keating Woodward, Cooke, Dickinson. Frankford Hopewell Newton Penn, Southampton Upper Mifl[lin, Jackson, Benezette Horton ., Fannett, G reene Guilford Hamilton T-etterkenny ■ Metal Poters Oulncy Southampton Washington 11,128 4,746 5.013 2,167 749 7,102 26,049 30,097 15,241 2,463 6,&97 20,980 2,453 92S 2,907 14,414 10,407 7,999 4,244 7,598 3,038 1,957 1,523 483 11,349 1.964 8,491 7,138 1,930 15,216 610 230 15,739 60 24,648 721 1,5?6 3,1.?7 6,063 3,553 10,314 4.071 19.531 26,:?95 796 5.163 3,643 1.360 9,091 5,725 199 444 98 365 1,156 269 3,354 14,S>7 283 3.668 5,849 3,704 9*4 3,197 524 538 9.6?4 3.573 2.239 $222 56 94 92 100 24 43 34 14 98 142 04 520 98 601 94 304 82 4& 26 139 94 419 60 49 06 IS 50 63 14 288 28 208 14 159 96 ^ 84 88 151 96 60 76 39 14 30 46 9 66 226 98 39 28 169 82 142 76 38 60 304 32 12 20 4 60 314 78 1 20 492 96 14 42 31 72 62 74 121 26 71 06 206 2S 81 42 390 63 527 90 15 90 103 26 72 86 ZT 20 181 82 114 50 3 98 8 88 96 30 23 10 5 38 67 08 291 5 14 66 73 36 116 9S 74 08 19 88 63 94 10 48 10 76 192 48 71 46 44 78 11,128 4,746 6,012 2,167 749 7,102 20,487 23,489 12,170 15.241 2,463 6,997 20,980 2,453 925 2,907 14,414 10,407 7,999 4,244 7,598 3.038 1,957 1.523 483 11,849 l,9«i 8,491 7,138 1,930 15,216 610 230 15.739 60 24.648 721 1,5?6 3,137 6,06x^ 3.554' 10.314 4,071 19.531 26.385 795 5,163 3.643 1,360 9,091 199 444 365 ""269 3,354 14,567 283 3.668 994 3.197 524 9,624 '2^239 $222 56 94 92 100 24 43 34 14 98 142 04 40d 74 469 78 243 40 304 82 49 26 139 94 419 60 49 06 18 50 58 14 288 28 208 14 159 98 84 S8 151 96 60 76 39 14 30 46 9 66 226 98 39 28 160 82 142 76 38 GO 304 32 12 20 460 314 78 1 20 492 96 14 42 31 72 62 74 121 26 71 06 206 28 81 42 390 62 627 90 15 90 103 26 72 86 27 20 181 82 39S 8 88 7 30 "'5'38 67 06 291 14 6 66 73 36 19 88 63 94 10 48 Fulton. Fulton Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon, Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. Huntingdon. >•«•••• Dublin, Todd, Barree Brady Cass, Franklin Jack'ion, Lincoln, Logan, Miller Morris Penn Porter, Shirley, Spruce Creek, Todd tin^don. I]pion Hun Huntingdon. Juniata. ••• Juniata. ••• Juniata. ••• Lackawanna Lehigh West Lack, Milford, .. Tuscarora, Armstrong, Brady, ... Brown, Lycoming Lycoming Lycoming. J^j"-"^ Lycoming :: Span Ho"«^' - KSlS: ••:::•.■•••• fe«^' :;;;:;■ Lycoming f wu Ly comini: i imoVtoneV ".'."... Lycomng. MSTenry. Lycoming Nippenose, Lycoming phmketts Creek, Lycoming Washington, .... Arm.ngh, Bratton, p.rown. Mifflin Mifflin jjisi" :::'i DocatuV, Mifflin Granville, Mifflin Tlnion - Mifflin '^"'1'^^ Mifflin Wayne, Monroe. Monroe. Monroe, Perry, Perry, Perry. Perry, Perry, Pike. . Pike, . Pike. Pike. Pike. Pike, Pike. Pike. Pike. Pike. Pike. Barrett, — .-W Middle Smithfield. Price »....•.< » I Jacltson, Madison, Madison, Toboyne, Tyrone, N. S. W., Blooming Grove, Delaware, Dingman Greene Larkawaxen, ... lyebman Milford. Palmyra. Porter, Shohola Westfall 192 48 "4478 Potter, Potter. Potter. Potter. Potter. Potter. Potter. Potter. Potter, Abbott • Austin Borough. ••••••• East Fork (attached to lia for school purposes) Eulalia Homer, Keating Portage Roulette Stewardson Eula- 1,255 5,045 2,940 295 2,609 4,189 26,100 856 4,123 2,562 168 613 1,150 3,577 221 1,002 1,068 5,745 1,951 109 1,118 4,956 2,S2 610 19.993 2.2^3 375 18,910 5,107 4,289 819 17,80G 2,311 110 8,598 3,969 1,215 27,926 8,028 5,871 912 80 314 202 6,163 856 1,545 4,000 7,851 1,236 497 16,557 330 11,826 1,324 5,186 3,043 2.a>7 3,6i7 78? 3,310 21,462 479 8,161 19,464 564 5,364 1,809 10.802 4.243 14.499 1,497 41.140 25 10 100 90 68 80 690 52 18 83 78 522 00 17 10 82 46 51 24 3 38 12 26 23 00 71 54 4 42 20 04 21 36 114 90 39 02 2 18 22 36 99 12 47 04 12 20 399 86 44 66 7 50 I 378 20 102 14 I 86 78 16 38 356 13 46 22 2 20 171 9€ 79 3? 24 30 658 62 160 66 117 42 18 84 1 60 6 28 4 04 123 28 17 12 30 90 80 00 167 02 24 72 9 94 331 14 6 60 236 52 26 48 103 70 60 86 47 14 72 54 15 64 66 20 429 34 9 68 63 22 389 28 11 28 107 28 96 18 216 04 84 86 289 98 29 94 822 80 1.256 6.046 2,940 295 2,609 4.189 26,100 866 4,123 2,563 168 613 1.150 3,677 221 1,002 1,068 6,745 1,951 109 1,118 4,^36 2,^2 610 19,993 2.233 376 18,910 6.107 4,289 819 17,806 2.311 110 8.598 3,969 1,215 27,926 8,028 6,871 942 80 314 202 6,163 856 1.545 4.000 7,851 1,236 497 16,557 330 11,828 1.824 6,18B 3.043 2.357 3,627 783 3,310 21,462 479 3,161 19 464 664 5,364 25 10 10O9O 58 80 6 90 62 18 83 78 522 00 17 10 82 4« 61 24 3 36 12 26 23 00 71 64 4 42 20 04 21 36 114 90 39 02 2 18 22 36 99 12 47 04 12 20 899 86 44 66 7 50 878 20 102 14 86 78 16 38 856 12 46 22 2 20 171 96 79 38 24 30 558 52 160 56 117 42 18 84 160 S28 404 123 26 17 12 30 90 80 00 157 03 24 72 9 94 331 14 6 60 236 52 26 48 108 70 60 86 47 14 72 54 15 64 66 20 429 24 958 63 22 389 28 11 28 lOT 28 1.800 10.802 4,243 14,449 1.497 41.140 36 18 216 04 84 86 289 98 29 94 822 80 74 Oounty. Potter, Potter. Potter. Potter. Snyder, Snyder, Snyder, Snyder, Spyder, Snyder, Snyder, Somerset. Somerset. Somerset. TioRa, Tioga, Tioga, Tioga. Tioga, TloK*. Tioga, Tioga, Union. Union. Union. Union. Westmoreland, .. Westmoreland. . . Wyoming, . Total, REPORT OF THE Off. Dot Summit Sylvanla West Branch, Wharton Adams, Centre Franlilin, ... Perry, Spring West Beaver, West Perry, Jefferson, Jenner, . Lincoln, . Chatham, Clymer, Delmar, Duncan, Ellc Middlebury, Morris Shippen, . . Hartley, Lewis, West Buffalo, White Deer, . Cook, . . Ligonier, Eaton, 14,276 4,396 876 7,225 3,642 374 948 1,000 6,0S1 4,013 3,026 1,043 l,4d» 925 1,188 744 5,5.29 1,062 14,295 1.955 18,067 14,576 26,520 20,768 4,033 2,355 4,321 744 1,177 999,170 285. 52 87 92 17 52 144 50 72 84 7 48 18 96 20 no 121 68 80 26 60 50 20 86 29 98 18 50 23 76 14 88 110 58 Zl 04 285 90 39 10 361 34 291 52 530 40 415 36 80 66 47 10 86 42 14 88 23 54 $19,983 40 •$i>4.19 deducted for overpayment of taxes on warrnnts 5030 and 5027. t|143.69 deducted for overpayment of taxes on warrants 5020 and 5027. 14.276 4,396 876 7.226 3.643 374 94S 1.000 6.0S4 4.013 3,025 1.043 1.499 925 1.188 744 5.529 1.052 14,2»5 1.955 18.067 14.576 26,620 20.768 4.033 2,^ 4,821 744 1,177 999,170 ' t u 0 •o ■ g u » o. u a • o u u o %-^ .a CI ll Township. cres for poses. mount pai purposes. OB mount 1 school pu • < < < < 285 52 87 92 17 52 144 60 72 84 7 48 18 96 20 00 121 68 80 26 60 50 20 86 29 98 18 50 28 76 14 88 110 58 21 04 286 90 39 10 361 34 291 52 530 40 415 36 80 66 47 10 86 42 14 88 23 54 119.983 40 No. 20. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 75 •U01S8|UI -uioi) msaao^a jo uonoy •paAiaoaa uonBOuddB 3^«a 'O'O'O'O'CO'O "Slj o o ** P Delinquent water rents, "^^^^ Total borough revenue for 1914 upon which charge is to be calculated, $28,855 45 Charge at the rate of one-half of one per cent, Statement for 1915: ^^^ ^^ Flat water rents, 16 349 97 Metered water rents, ' ^^ Delinquent water rents, ^ Total revenue for 1915 upon which charge is to be calculated, 131,102 59 Charge at the rate of one-half of one per cent., ^^^ Total recefpts received by the Department from the above lease to December 31, 1915, »596 25 I • I 6 80 REPORT OF THE Off. Doe. No. 28. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 81 THE THOMAS CRONIN COMPANY. The above lease, bearing date March 25, 1912, was executed for the purpose of permitting the Thomas Cronin Company of Pittsburgh to remove blue stone from a quarry within the Stuart State Forest near Ligonier, Westmoreland county. The royalty paid by the lessee is at the rate of 16 cents per ton of 2,240 pounds. The leased area is a tract upon the side of the mountain 300 feet in depth and 500 feet in length measured on a level with the tracks of the Pittsburgh, Westmoreland, and Somerset railroad, adjacent to the right of way of which company the leased quarry is located. The area of the quarry is 3.44 acres, and was purchased along with the remainder of the forest, totaling 8,532 acres, at $5.00 per acre in 1908. The price, therefore, paid for the quarry area amounts to $17.20. Revenue previously received from the above lease amounts to $1,262.56. Revenues for 1914. January, 185.53 tons at 16c per ton, $29 68 February, ....180.13 " " " 28 82 March, (no stone removed). April, 778.62 " " " 124 58 May, 406.52 " « " 65 04 June, 642.72 " " " 102 83 July, 1191.7 " " " 190 67 August, 570.625 " " " 91 30 September, ...485.8 « " " 77 73 October, 542.72 " " " 86 83 November, .... 40.8 " " . " ^ ^^ December, (no stone removed). Total, ?80401 Revenues for 1915. January, (no stone removed). February, . . . 83.928 tons at 16c per toa, March, 175.893 ". " " April, 183.705 " « " May, 229.196 " " " June, 269.95 " " " July, 822.634 « " ** $13 43 28 14 29 39 36 67 43 19 131 62 a a u 56 74 it a (( 109 80 it u a 254 90 u u u 61 60 a it iC 13 15 August, 354.643 September, .. 686.25 October, 1593.17 November, . . . 385. December, . . . 82.188 Total, *'^'^S ^^ Total revenue for the two years covered by this report, $1,582 64 The Stuart Forest, located in Westmoreland and Somerset coun- ties, containing the area hereinbefore stated, cost the Common- wealth for purchase money, $42,662 81 Interest thereon at 2% from purchase to De- cember 31, 1915, 5,972 79 Fixed charges for road and school purposes to December 31, 1915, 2,218 32 Salaries of foresters and rangers to above date, including amount expended for labor, incidental expenses, and surveys, 15,717 77 Total cost of the Stuart Forest to De- cember 31, 1915, $66,571 69 Showing a net return on the total investment of 4.27%. The above lease has 11 years and 5 months additional to run. COLUMBIA FLINT COMPANY LEASE. On the 17th day of September, 1915, a lease for the sale and re- moval of flint rock, to be found within certain portions of the Pine Grove Forest in Cooke township, Cumberland county, and Menallen township, Adams county, was made with the Columbia Flint Com- pany of Aspers, Adams county, after due advertisement made in accordance with the law respecting the sale of valuable minerals. All such rock removed shall be paid for at the rate of 12^ cents per ton of 2,240 pounds, and the lease is to run for a period of 10 years from the date thereof. The minimum quantity of rock to be re- 6—26—1916 1 t 82 REPORT OF THE Oflf. Doc moved is fixed at 2,000 tons per year. The contract is accompanied by a surety bond in the sum of ?1,000. To date the revenue from this lease is as follows: 1915. September . . . ) October, ) 334.9 tons at 12 J per ton, November, ... 65.04 " December, 224.54 " it u (C 141 86 8 13 28 07 Total, • • • 178 06 THE SANDUSKY PORTLAND CEMENT CO. The extension of lease to the above company which was operating within the Pine Grove Forest in Cumberland county at the date of purchase by the Department, runs to June 1, 1922, or so long as a suitable supply of clay may be obtained. This company pays a royalty to the Department of 25 cents per ton of 2,000 pounds, railroad weight, with a fixed minimum royalty of $600.00 per year reserved by the lease. Royalties previously reported from above lease, f 130 48 Revenues for 1914. January, (no clay removed). February, (no clay removed). March 707.2295 tons at 25c per ton, f 176.81 April' 481.192 " " " 120 30 May 771.608 " " " 192 90 June, 978.2 " " " 244 55 July, 661.89 " " " . 165 47 August, 127.55 " " " 3189 September, ...600.065 " " " 150 02 October, ......611.322 " " " 152 83 November, ...426.737 " « " 106 68 December, ... 96.894 " " " ^4 22 Total, ?1>365 67 No. 28. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. Revenue for 1915. i6 U it it January, (No clay removed) February, March, April, 650.889 tons at 25c per ton. May, 837.911 June, 812.187 July, 757.727 August, 504.636 September, 743.728 October, 362.084 November, 306.635 December, 255.5 a u a a u a a u u u C( a a i( u (( u u u t( u u $162 72 209 48 203 05 189 43 126 16 185 93 90 52 76 66 63 88 Total, 11,307 83 Total revenue to December 31, 1915, 2,803 98 THE UNITED ICE AND COAL COMPANY. A lease with this company was also acquired with the purchase ol land from the South Mountain Mining and Iron Company. Under it a privilege is conferred upon the United Ice and Coal Co. to remove ice from Laurel dam within the Pine Grove Forest. The company agrees thereunder to pay the Department a royalty of 5c a ton for all ice shipped away from the dam, and requires payment of royalty upon a minimum amount of 5,000 tons. What is known as the ice year extends from May 1st to the succeeding April 30th. No royalty accrued to the Department prior to 1914. A statement for the period covered by this report, is as follows: 1914. January, 3,285 tons at 5c per ton, f 164 25 February, March, April, May, . June, . .263 « u « 167 05 84 I REPORT OF THE ^^ ^^^ July, .. August, I 6,749,214 tons at 5c per ton, 337 46 September, .... October, Total, ••• ^668 76 1915. January, ^ 3,167.514 tons at 5c per ton, $1d» ^< February, March, , April, May to October 1 ^^Q.e " "' " 16 ^^ inclusive, C $250 00 Total, g ^g Total to date, The ice houses of the United Ice and Coal Company at Laurel Dam were burned during the great forest fire which ravaged the Pine Grove Forest in the latter part of March, 1915. They have not yet been rebuilt. The Department is not advised whether the lessee intends to rebuild. , « . i In addition to tiie revenues derived from the foregoing leases, considerable moneys have been received from the sale of dead timber and rentals of camp sites on the Pine Grove Fores These will be reported upon elsewhere. A statement of the relation of the three Joregoing leases to the original cost and administrative cost of this forest may be of interest. The Pine Grove Forest contains an area of 18,105 acres, 68 Pe^c^ies^ The purchase price was, • • • • '»' ' Amount paid in fixed charges for road and school pur- poses to December 31, 1915, • • • ..... • ; • • • • • 1^^« The cost of administration to December 31, 1915, includ- ing salaries of regular employes, and the amount ex- pended for labor, incidentals, surveys, repairs to build- ings, new construction, and removal of old buildings, 23,043 07 Total cost of the Pine Grove Forest, 9^)^57 00 No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 85 Revenue derived from the above three leases for the years 1914 and 1915, 3>800 80 Showing to date a net return on the total investment of 4.02% from these three collateral undertakings. E. L. LOVE FLAGSTONE LEASE. On the 14th day of December, 1914, the Department entered into a lease with E. L. Love, of Waterville, Lycoming county, for the pur- pose of quarrying and removing flagstone and curbing on the south- ern portion of the Israel Pleasant warrant in Cummings township, said county, the proposed lease having been duly advertised in ac- cordance with the law governing sale of valuable minerals. Mr. Love was the highest bidder for the right and the lease was awarded to him by the Forestry Commission October 2, 1914, at the amount of his bid. The term of the lease so granted is 10 years. The lessee has filed a bond in the sum of |500.00 and agrees to protect the forest from damage and prevent and extinguish forest fires. To date no revenue has been derived under this lease. SPRUCE CREEK BALLAST LEASE. By agreement bearing date the 11th day of October, 1915, the De- partment leased to A. A. Stevens, of Tyrone, Blair county, the right to purchase and remove certain rock suitable for railroad ballast located on the Ann Brown tract in the State Forest in Spruce Creek and Morris townships, Huntingdon county, the proposed lease hav- ing been duly advertised according to the law governing the sale of valuable minerals. Mr. Stevens' bid of 5c per ton of 2,240 pounds railroad weight, was the best among those received, and the lease was duly awarded him by the Forestry Commission, August 6, 1915, for a period of 20 years from date of lease. The lessee is required to observe the usual precautions with respect to fire and damage to State land, and has filed a bond with corporate security, duly ap- proved by the court, in the sum of |3,000. To date no revenue has been received under this lease. 86 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 11 LEASES FOR THE OCCUPANCY OF BUILDINGS. Where the Department is the owner of buildings within the State Forests, it is its policy to have them tenanted. To this end an effort is made to have State employes occupy such State buildings as far as possible. In case of employes, only nominal rental is reserved, the tenancies thus created being at will only, with the right reserved to the Department to have possession immediately should occasion 9.I*1S6 Where other than State employes occupy such buildings a reason- able monthly rental is reserved, which becomes a part of the State i«venue. Under the new form of agreement now employed m the case of such tenancies, it is possible to omit the usual annual three months quit notice. The following represent the tenancies at the date of this report : 1914. Pine Grove Forest March 12, contract No. 154, Mrs. Kate Barbour, lessee of what is known as the Barbour house or the boarding house. Term two years from April 1, 1914, with privilege of election to continue for three additional years. Rental ?8.00 per month. The privilege in- eludes approximately 2 acres of cultivable land. ^ March 12, contract No. 155, agreement with Oscar Barbour for the occupancy of the Laurel Farm near Pine Grove. Term two years from April 1, 1914, rental nominal, but the lessee to keep the prem- ises in repair, cultivate and fertilize the land. House destroyed by fire in the great forest fire which swept over this forest the latter part of March, 1915. ,^ , tt r^ i. March 12, contract No. 156, an agreement with Charles H. Cobean, of Gettysburg, to occupy the old store room. The lessee repaired and improved the premises so as to make them suitable for the pur- nose He expended a large sum of money in this respect. The term was 5 years from April 1, 1914, with privilege of renewal for a like term. Rental ?;2.00 per month for the first two years of the term and f 5.00 per month for the remaining three. The lessee also has the privilege of stabling his horse and storage room for wagons. A fire of unknown origin destroyed the store building and its contents on October 3, 1915. Mr. Cobean's business was destroyed and he removed from the premises. With the consent of the Department the lease was cancelled. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 87 April 1, contract No. 223, Frank •Griffey, for the occupancy of a house. March 31, contract No. 224, John Hockley, for the occupancy of a house. March 31, contract No. 225, John Warren, for the occupancy of a house. April 1, contract No. 226, Joseph Barbour, for the occupancy of a house. March 31, contract No. 227, Harvey Hockley, for the occupancy of a house. March 31, contract No. 228, T. Hyle, for the occupancy of a house. April 1, contract No. 229, Howard Wiley, for the occupancy of a house. March 31, contract No. 230, J. E. Grimes, for the occupancy of a house. April 1. contract No. 231, Fred Kuhn, for the occupancy of a house. March 19, contract No. 232, Joseph Fuller, for the occupany of a house at Laurel Forge. The house occupied by Mr. Fuller was de- stroyed by fire in the great forest fire which swept over the Pine Grove forest the latter part of March, 1915. March 24, contract No. 233, B. D. Hinckle, of Aspers, for the occupancy of a house in Menallen township, Adams county. Annual rental |5.00. March 31, contract No. 234, Maggie C. Weiser, for the occupancy of a house, rental fl.OO per month. March 31, contract No. 235, Anna McElwee, for the occupancy of a house, monthly rental $2.00. March 31, contract No. 236, Henry Slusser, for the occupancy of a house, monthly rental J2.50. April 1, contract No. 237, A. W. Wenk, for the occupancy of a house, monthly rental f2.00. March 31, contract No. 238, David Hockley, for the occupancy of a house, monthly rental $2.50. April 1, contract No. 239, George Bohn, Sr., for the occupancy of a house, monthly rental $2.00. July 17, contract No. 240, Clara Bailey, for the occupancy of a house, monthly rental $5.00. December 10, centract No. 170, John Nelson, .for the occupancy of the forest house at Bloody Spring, Clearfield county. December 10, contract No. 171, Henry Rolloson, for the occupancy of the forest house in Westfall township, Pike county. December 10, contract No. 173, R. K. Merrill, to occupy the forest house in the Whetham Forest, Clinton county. REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. December 10, contract No. 174, Wm. F. McKinney, Potters Mills, for the use of the forest house on the Seven Mountain Forest, Centre county. December 10, contract No. 175, John L. Witherow, for the occu- pancy of the forest house on the McClure Forest. December 10, contract No. 176, J. V. Carlin, of Fort Loudon, for the occupancy of a forest house in the Buchanan State Forest at Collins Gap, Fulton county. December 10, contract No. 177, Chas. E. Zerby, for the occupancy of a forest house in the Medix Forest, Elk county. December 10, contract No. 178, Ferdinand Frank, of Edgemere, for the occupancy of a forest house in the Minisink Forest. December 10, contract No. 179, Edgar Wilson, for the occupancy of a forest house in the Promised Land Forest, Pike county. This lease was terminated in 1915, by the removal of the lessee. December 10, contract No. 180, W. H. Harpster, of Charter Oak, for the occupancy of a house in the Bear Meadows Forest, known as the Whipple Farm. December 10, contract No. 181, W. R. Hoover, of Pleasant Gap, for the occupancy of a house in the Nittany Forest, Greens Valley. December 10, contract No. 182, W. L. Kauffman, of Thornhurst, for the occupancy of a forest house in the Lackawanna Forest. December 10, contract No. 183, S. H. Lebo, of Lucullus, for the occupancy of a forest house in the Pine Forest. Greenwod Forest. December 10, contract No. 184, Frank A. Gibboney, for the occu- pancy of a forest house at Saeger Farm. This lease was terminated in 1915. The lessee removed therefrom. December 10, contract No. 185, Free Conklin, for the occupancy of a forest house at Greenwood. December 10, contract No. 186, John Monsell, for the occupancy of a forest house at Barrville. December 10, contract No. 187, G. Edward Ross, for the occu- pancy of a forest house at Greenwood. December 10, contract No. 188, Mrs. Henry Monsell, for the occu- nancv of a forest house at Greenwood. December 10, contract No. 189, Tom O. Bietsch, for the occupancy of a forest house at Greenwood. December 10, contract No. 190, with Mrs. Margaret Bookhamer, for the occupancy of a forest house at Ore Bank Springs. December 10, contract No. 192, John L. Strobeck, of Cresco, near Analomink, to occupy a forest house on the Pocono Forest. No. 28. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. » December 10, contract No. 193, F. P. Sundy, to occupy a forest house in Henry Valley, Pennypacker Forest. December 10, contract No. 194, Leroy Koontz, to occupy a forest house near New Germantown, Pennypacker Forest. December 10, contract No. 195, Levi Hoover, to occupy a forest house near New Germantown, Pennypacker Forest. Mr. Hoover is not an employe of the State but occupies the premises solely as care taker. December 10, contract No. 196, Toboyne township. Perry county, School Board, for the occupancy of one room in a house on the Min- erva McQuay tract in the Pennypacker Forest near Monterey, at a rental of f 1.25 per month. Ole Bull Forest. December 10, contract No. 197, Milton Keeney, to occupy the forest house at Oleona. December 10, contract No. 198, Harry VanCleve, to occupy a forest house at Abbott. December 10, contract No. 199, Thomas H. Golden, to occupy a forest house a Crossfork. Rothrock Forest. February 28, contract No. 200, A. G. Frankenberry, to occupy a forest house in West Licking Creek Valley. This lease terminated December 1, 1915, when the same form of contract was entered into with J. P. Crider, of Mount Union. The rental in each case is |1.00 per month. December 10, contract No. 201, A. W. Bodine, to occupy a forest house near Newton Hamilton. December 10, contract No. 202, H. A. Oppel, of Wistie, to occupy a forest house in Black Log Valley. Caledonia Forest. December 10, contract No. 203, Harry B. Perry, to occupy a forest house at Caledonia. December 10, contract No. 204, Robert G. Conklin, to occupy a forest house at Caledonia. December 10, contract No. 205, James W. McElwee, to occupy a forest house on the Big Flat. December 10, contract No. 207, Homer S. Metzger, to occupy a forest house at Carroll, Tea Spring Forest. December 10, contract No. 208, J. W. Welshans, to occupy a forest house at Tea Spring. Black Forest. December 10, contract No. 209, C. B. Love, to occupy a forest house at the Pump Station. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 91 1 1; 90 REPORT OF THE Ofif. Doc. December 10, contract No. 210, C. D. Will, to occupy a forest house at the Pump Station. - x December 10, contract No. 211, Robert R. Neefe, to occupy a forest house at the Pump Station. Mont Alto Forest. December 10, contract No. 212, John S. Shaffer, to occupy a forest house at Pond Bank. December 10, contract No. 213, Harry McCrea, to occupy a forest house at Mont Alto. December 10, contract No. 214, George A. Retan, to occupy a forest house at Mont Alto. December 10, contract No. 215, J. S. HUck, to occupy a forest house at Mont Alto. December 10, contract No. 216, E. A. Ziegler, to occupy a forest house at Mont Alto. December 10, contract No. 217, B. J. Gutknecht, to occupy a forest house at Mont Alto. December 10, contract No. 218, Lewis E. Staley, to occupy a forest house at Mont Alto. Kishacoquillas Forest. December 10, contract No. 219, T. L. Swartzell, Treaster Valley. This lease terminated December 1, 1915, when Mr. Swartzell left the service and removed from the premises. He was succeeded by Clay W Bigelow, who took possession December 20th. December 10, contract No. 220, H. J. Dean, to occupy a forest house in Lancaster Valley. Hopkins Forest. December 15, contract No. 221, Amanda Wilson, for the occupancy of a forest house at the mouth of Burns Run. Miss Wilson occupies these premises solely as care taker. December 10, contract No. 222, Howard P. Seese, for the occu- pancy of a house at State Camp. 1915. January 2, contract No. 191, Jacob Miller, of Hunters Range, to occupy a forest house at the Whitaker Place in the Pocono Forest^ March 23, contract No. 206, Mary H. Withers, to occupy the Graeffenburg Inn in the Caledonia Forest. Monthly rental J25.00. January 1 contract No. 241, John McCauslin, to occupy a house on the Pine Grove Forest, monthly rental |2.50. April 1, contract No. 242, George Martin, to occupy a ^ouse on the Pine Grove Forest known as the Rupp place, monthly rental |5.00. October 23, 1915, contract No. 253, a lease made by Adam B. Rieser, of Reading, to the Department, for two rooms on the second floor of the building situate at 616 Washington street, Reading, for the use of the District Forester for Berks county. Monthly rental 115.00. September 15, 1914, contract No. 164, an agreement to employ William H. Eyster, of Sunbury, as instructor at the State Forest Academy, with the privilege to Mr. Eyster to occupy suitable quar- ters at the Academy as part consideration for the service to be ren- dered in teaching. TIMBER SALES. From time to time the Department, under authority of law, makes contracts for the cutting and removal of undesirable trees, and oc- casionally for such as have reached maturity or their highest finan- cial value. Material so removed has consisted to the present, largely of dead and down wood, crooked, undesirable trees, or trees of un- desirable species. The work done under these timber cutting con- tracts, is supervised by the forester in charge of the forest and sub- ject to his approval. Considerable revenue is being derived from this source. It is paid directly into the treasury upon receipt at the Department. 1914. January 26, contract No. 149. Francis M. Clinton, of Couders- port, Potter county, purchased and removed timber at the head- waters of Stony Lick Run and along the Falls Branch in Summit township, paying at the rate of f3.50 per thousand feet mill scale. The contract has been completed and the operation netted the State a revenue of |210.83. _ . March 2, contract No. 152. E. H. Zimmerman & Son, of Millheim, Centre county, contracted to cut upon the State land and deliver to the Department, certain dimension material needed for use within the State Forest. The price to be paid to the contractor is f 13.00 per thousand feet. . March 2, contract No. 153. E. H. Zimmerman & Son, of Millheim, Centre county, purchased from the Department certain timber in the State Forest near Nevels on the Whitmer lands. It included the r n tlEt>OM Ot TfiB oft. t>oc. i! overmature, defective, dead and down trees upon the tract. Careful lumbering and lopping of the tops were required. The contractor paid ?5.00 per thousand feet for hemlock, white pine, basswood, and poplar; $4.00 for oak, chestnut, and yellow pine; $1.00 per ton for bark; fl.OO per ton for mine props; 10c each for railroad ties. A bond in the sum of $1,000 was furnished with the contract, which is not yet completed. , . . i By supplemental contract bearing date October 2, the original agreement was extended to permit the contractors to purchase and remove approximately 20,000 feet from an adjoining tract at the same prices for the same kind of material. Both contracts will ter- minate March 2, 1917. To date the revenue derived by the Depart- ment is $52.18. May 23 contract No. 158. The Smith Lumber Company, of How- ard Centre county, purchased approximately 500,000 feet of wood within the Kothrock Forest in Mifflin county. The prices to be paid are $5 00 per thousand for rock oak and white oak ; $4.00 for other oaks and white pine; $3.50 for yellow pine; $3.00 for tulip; $1.00 for chestnut; rock oak and white oak ties 20c each; chestnut and other oaks, 10c each. Careful lumbering and lopping of tops are required. The contractor furnished surety bond in the sum of $1 000 To date this contract has yielded in revenue $1,652.33. July 8, contract No. 162. Daniel Gamble, of. Cedar Kun, Lycom- ing county, purchased the dead, down, crooked and otherwise unde- sirable timber on the Gates Wilcox warrant of 106 acres, paying $1 00 per ton for prop timber and 10c for railroad ties. The lopping of tops and careful lumbering were required. The contractor fur- nishes a bond in the sum of $500.00. Contract to date has yielded no returns. ^ _ ^ ^^ x xt • December 16, contract No. 168. John Sweigert, of Mount Union, Huntingdon county, purchased extract wood from the Rothrock Forest at 20c per cord. The usual conditions with respect to lop- ping of tops and forest fire are imposed. The contractor furnished bond in the sum of $100.00. To date this contract has yielded $3.38. December 30, contract No. 169. L. D. Gififord, of Newton Hamil- ton purchased extract wood from the Rothrock Forest, paying there- for'20c per cord. The usual conditions with respect to lopping of tops and forest fires are imposed. Contractor furnishes bond in the sum of $100. To date this contract has yielded $13.02. 1915. January 2, contract No. 243. James A. Lockwood, of Austin, purchased from the Department beech, birch and maple timber on Lookout Mountain, and cut the same into dimension material for the No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. » use of the Bayless Paper Manufacturing Corporation. The Bayless Company agrees to pay $18.00 per thousand for acceptable material delivered to it, $10.00 per thousand for the contractor and $8.00 per thousand for the Department. Rejected material to be charged at the rate of $6.50 per thousand. All defective logs and tops are to be worked into stove wood, the Department to receive 40c per cord. The usual conditions respecting forest fire and lopping of tops are imposed. Contractor furnished a bond in the sum of $300.00. No returns have been received to date from this contract. January 2, contract No. 244. This agreement is explanatory and confirmatory of the preceding contract with James A. Lockwood, securing to the contractor the $10.00 per thousand feet he shall re- ceive for delivering dimension material to the Bayless Paper Manu- facturing corporation. February 2, contract No. 245. The Bayless Paper Manufacturing Corporation confirms to the Department and to James A. Lockwood the conditions and stipulations contained in the two foregoing con- September 30, contract No. 247. Charles Bilger, of Bellefonte, has purchased certain timber on the Greens Valley tract. The timber is of various sizes and species and it is necessary to be removed in order to promote uniform growth. The prices to be paid are $3.00 per thousand for sawed lumber; 8c to 18c for railroad ties according to species and quality; pulp wood 50c and 75c per cord; chemical wood 25c per cord ; cord wood 12ic, fence posts IJc ; bark $1 50 per ton; telephone poles 50c to $1.25, according to length. The contractor has filed a surety bond in the sum of $300.00. This con- tract to date has yielded $158.38. October 30, contract No. 256. Arthur Love, of Waterville, Lycom- ing county, has contracted to purchase and remove birch brush from certain warrants in the State forest along Trout Run road from Cammal to the Coudersport Pike. The contractor's purpose is to distill birch oil, and will pay for the material 50c per still of 216 cubic feet. Careful lumbering is required and protection against forest fires. Contractor has filed a bond in the sum of $300.00. No returns have as vet been received from this contract. November 19, contract No. 258. Moses Liegey, of Odessa, Clear- field county, has purchased certain dead, down and overmature hemlock and pine in the State forest an warrants 5325 and 5328, Goshen and Girard townships, Clearfield county, and agrees to pay therefor $1.50 per thousand feet mill cut. The usual conditions with respect to lumbering are imposed. Contract is to expire April 1, 1916. All trees shall first be marked by the forester in charge. To date no returns have been received from this contract. ^i 94 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc 'K:^'^^ ^'i';.-^'. !*• November 19, contract No. 259. Alfred Krise, of Odessa, Clearfield county, has contracted to purchase and remove certain dead, down and overmature hemlock and pine timber on warrant 5322 and 5325, Goshen township, Clearfield county. The usual precautions against forest fire and wasteful lumbering are to be observed. All trees shall first be marked by the forester. The contract is to expire April 1, 1916. Returns to date from this contract, |6.30. December 1, contract No. 260. Nevin Love, Mount Union, has agreed to purchase and remove certain wood from the Rothrock forest suitable for extract wood and railroad ties, agreeing to pay 25c per cord for extract wood and 10c for ties of chestnut, red oak, and black oak, and 20c for white oak, rock oak, and locust. The lopping of branches shall proceed with the cutting, and the usual precautions against forest fires must be taken. The contractor has furnished a bond in the sum of $100. Contract will expire one year from date. To date this contract has yielded no returns. December 16, contract No. 261. John Sweigart, Mount Union, agrees to purchase and remove certain wood suitable for extract wood and railroad ties in the Rothrock forest. He agi'ees to pay 25c per cord for extract wood and 10c for ties of chestnut, red oak and black oak, and 20c for white oak, rock oak, and locust. The lopping of tops shall proceed with the cutting, and the usual precautions shall be observed with respect to forest fire and wasteful lumbering. Contract is to expire one year from date. A bond in the sum of f 100 is furnished. To date this contract has yielded no returns. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 06 RIGHTS OF WAY. On June 5, 1914, an agreement was entered into with C. D. Raker, of North Bend, Clinton county, for a right of way for a distance of 2i miles over certain roads on State land near North Bend. The lessee agrees to rebuild the roads and keep them in good order and repair and leave them in this condition when he shall have finished his hauling. He likewise agrees that he will assist in extinguishing forest fires in the immediate neighborhood should any occur. A personal bond in the sum of $300.00 accompanies the agreement. On June 6, 1914, in consideration of an annual rental of J50.00, a right of way was granted to the Central Pennsylvania Lumber Company over State land in warrants Nos. 2647, 2648 and 2650, in Elk township, Tioga county, and to run for a period of four years. No. 28. The lessee agrees to prevent and extinguish forest fires, and to pro- tect State lands from damage. On June 17 1914, agreements were entered into with Henry Knott- singer and W. H. Knoffsinger, of Centre county, permitting the Department to have a right of way over a private road controlled by the two persons named, so as to give more ready access to and from the State forest from the public highway. Consideration On June 6tli, 1915, for the consideration of $o.00 to be paid an- nually, tlie Department granted a right of Avay 6 feet wide to the Potter Gas Company for the purpose of conveying gas through pipes over a portion of the State forest in Keating township, Potter county, for a distance of about H miles. The grantee has entered into the usual stipulations to protect the state forest and prevent forest fires On September 1, 1«J15, a right of way 15 feet wide, for a distance of about 8,000 feet, was granted to the Mount Cydonia Sand Com- pany for the purpose of operating a standard gauge railway from the English siding to certain sand banks owned by the company in Guil- ford townsliip, Franklin county, same to exist for a period of twenty years, with the right to construct a siding along tlie mam track whicll portion of the right of way shall be 2o feet in width. The consideration for tlic agreement was $200.00 in cash and the sum of $50.00 annually thereafter, in addition to 75c toll for each carload of land loaded and transported over the English Siding, which is a short railroad spur belonging to the Commonwealth. T»ie original agreement was followed by a supplemental agreement dated Octo- ber 30th, 1915, enlarging the space to be used for «'ding purposes On November 4, 1915, an agreement was entered into with the Southern Pipe Line Company, which owns a right of way through the Caledonia forest in Franklin and Adams counties to permi the Department to attach two telephone wires to 100 additional poles belonging to the Pipe Line Company, making 317 in all, carry- fng a line of telegraph along its right of way, this right being like^ wise secured to the Department by the 7g"-\ ^yf^"^^/^ *', lands upon which the pipe line's right of way is laid down. The agreement relates more particularly to the character of the con- stuction and the maintenance of the ^-^^^^'''') ZuoJlTo wires so carried are a part of the telephone system of the Mont Alto and Caledonia forests. I REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. TELEPHONE OONTKACTS. The following contracts have been made with telephone com- panies for the use of instruments or wires, as indicated. The tele- phone system is gradually being extended to all forest headquarters, and later on will be extended to all rangers' homes. The usefulness of the telephone for protective purposes goes without saying and it is a matter of regret it was not possible earlier to install the com- plete systems. Occasionally the Department permits individuals to connect with the State forest lines. By these means the Department acquires the willing service of additional men for forest protection. 1914. January 28, contract No. 151. Jay Fanton, of Costello, Potter county. This is in the nature of a revocable license, which permits Mr. Fanton to connect his telephone with the State forest line. The lessee covenants to keep his own portion of the line and instrument in repair, and the Department is to be without liability for the at- tachment. A thirty days' notice may terminate the privilege. May 5, contract No. 157. This is an agreement between the De- partment and the Bell Telephone Company for telephone service at the forester's home on the Nittany State forest. The line is multi- party and the service unlimited. Contract price $18.00 per year. 1915. May 7, contract No. 248. An agreement with the Cumberland Valley Telephone Company for service at the forester's headquarters at Pine Grove Furnace. Annual rental |24.00. May 11, contract No. 249. This is an agreement of purchase from the Western Union Telegraph Company for a 2-wire telephone line on a line of poles 12.7 miles long between Crossfork Junction in Abbott township, and Crossfork in Stewardson township, Potter county. The line is located along the old right of way of the Buffalo and Susquehanna Railroad and is highly useful for forest purposes. The consideration paid was |15.00. November 8, contract No. 257. This is an agreement with the Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania for telephone service in the office of the District Forester at GIG Washington street, Reading. Annual rental, $36.00. ^ No 26 DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 97 PRIOR CONTRACTS. The following agreements were executed prior to January 1, 1914, but are still outstanding, valid contracts: No. 15, Howard E. Butz, assigned to the Federal Refractories Company, for the removal of ganister rock from Short Mountain, Huntingdon county. No. 16. United Telegraph & Telephone Co., for telephone at for- est headquarters, Caledonia Forest. No. 21. Smith & Middlekauff, right of way for hauling sand at Pond Bank, Franklin county. No. 24. Chambersburg & Gettysburg Electric Railway Co. Right of way for extension of railroad and lease of Caledonia Park. No.' 26. The Tide Water Pipe Line Co., Ltd., for pipe line right of way in Brown township, Lycoming county. No.' 27. Pennsylvania Telephone Company, for telephone at State Forest Academy. No. 30. Cumberland Valley Telephone Co., grant of right of way to lay water pipe under railroad tracks at the Academy. No. 33. South Renovo, grant of right to the borough to receive water for municipal purposes from the State Forest. No. 34. United Telephone and Telegraph Co., for telephone at the State Forest Academy. No. 37. Bell Telephone Co., for telephone at headquarters on the Greenwood State Forest. ^ No 39. American Telegraph and Telephone Co., right of way through Rothrock State Forest, Lack township, Juniata county. - No. 40. Pure Oil Company, right of way for pipe line through the Mont Alto State Forest. No. 41. E. Matson, Jr., lease of Asaph Farm for forest nursery purposes, in Shippen township, Tioga county. No 42 Pennsylvania and New York Telephone and Telegraph Co., lease of right of way along Darling Run in Shippen township, Tioga county. No 46 J S. Illick, Instructor, State Forest Academy. No 54 Bedford and Fulton Telephone Co., for a right of way through a tract of land in Southampton township, Bedford county. No 60 E A. Ziegler, Director of the State Forest Academy. No! 61. Federal Refractories Co., for ganister rock in Logan and West townships, Huntingdon county. 7—26—1916 ■rr 98 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 64. J. B. Walker, right of way for a pipe line to convey water to the Asaph Forest nursery. No. G5. E. H. Butler, right to erect an impounding dam and right of way for a water pipe in the Asaph Forest nursery. No. 66. R. F. Gee, right of way for a pipe line to convey water to the Asaph Forest nursery. No. 69. Wm. Netoffsky, Instructor, State Forest Academy. No. 76. Borough of Chambersburg, for an intake dam and water for municipal purposes, Caledonia Forest. No. 85. Caprio & Grieco, right of way for a railroad in the Brum- baugh Forest, Huntingdon county. No. 87. DuPont Powder Co., experiment with subsoil blasting to test tree growth. No. 90. Vincent Lumber Co., a right of way for a lumber railroad in the Rothrock Forest, Mifflin county. No. 91. Pennsylvania Fire Brick Co., right of way for a tram railroad in Rush township. Centre county. No. 92. The Tide Water Pipe Co., Ltd., right of way for pipe line over State land in Potter, Clinton and Lycoming counties. No. 98. Thomas Cronin Company, for the removal of blue stone from a quarry in the Stuart State Forest, Cook township, West- moreland county. No. 101. Sandusky T»ortland Cement Co., lease of right to remove fire clay on royalty, Pine Grove Forest. No. 105. Right granted by the State Highway Department to the Department of Forestry to erect a line of telephone poles in the public highway between Waterville and Blackwells. No. 106. Central Pennsylvania Lumber Company, right of way over State lands in Elk township, Tioga county. No. 107. Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania, telephone at Asaph State Forest nursery. No. 109. Southern Pipe Line Company, to attach wires to line of poles owned by the company, Mont Alto Forest. No. 112. Cumberland Valley Telephone Company, to permit the Department of Forestry to attach wires to 54 poles belonging to the Telephone Company, Caledonia Forest, Adams county. No. 118. A. N. Stambaugh, a right to the Department to con- struct a forest telephone line over private land. No. 119. L. A. Clouse, a right to the Department to construct a forest telephone line over private land. No. 120. Wentz Neidigh, a right to the Department to construct a forest telephone line over private land. No. 121. A. B. Couch, a right to the Department to construct a forest telephone line over private land. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 99 No. 20. No. 126. Agreement with the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad for telephone crossings, Pine Forest. No. 127. C. A. Reese, agreement permitting the Department to build a telephone line over private land, Pocono Forest. No. 128. G. Louis Dormoy, agreement permitting the Depart- ment to build a telephone line over private land, Pocono Forest. No. 129. George D. Pine, agreement permitting the Department to build a telephone line over private land, Pocono Forest. No. 132. Dr. J. B. Heller, agreement permitting the Depart- ment to build a telephone line over private land, Pocono Forest. No 133. Agreement with the Board of Supervisors of Price township, Monroe county, to permit the Department to erect a line of telephone along the Millerstown road, Pocono Forest. No. 134. Waynesboro Water Company, right of way for pipe line in the Mont Alto Forest. , No 135. Cumberland Valley Railroad Company, permitting the attachment of Department telephone wires to railroad company^s poles .near Fort Loudon, Buchanan Forest. No. 137. W. J. l*rice, agreement to permit the erection of a tele- phone line over private land, Pocono Forest. No 139 Elk Tanning Company, agreement to permit the De- partment to construct a telephone line over private land, Blackwells Forest No. 141. Central I'eiuisylvaiiia Lumber Company, right of way through warrant 4442, Elk township, Tioga county. No 143 Beech Creek Extension Railroad Company, right of wax for a railroad in Noyes and Crugan townships, Clinton county, Hop kins Forest. , No 144 Cresco and Oreentown Telephone Company, agreement covering telephone service at forest headquarters, Pocono Forest. No 145 S. Hostrander, purchase of wood from the Pine Forest. No. 146. William H. Libby, purchase of wood from the Buffalo Forest. NURSERY REPORT FOR THE YEARS 1914 AND 1915. The Department now maintains four large nurseries for the pro- duction of forest ti-ee seedlings, and twenty-two small ones. The small nurseries are usually located at advantageous positions on f 100 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc State Forests and produce comparatively few seedlings each year. The object of the small nurseries is more for experimental and edu- cational purposes than the large ones. Prior to the legislative ses- sion of 1915 the law permitted the sale of seedlings to individuals for private planting at cost of production. At the session of 1915, a bill was passed and approved for the giving of seedlings free of charge to individuals for reforesting. In 1914 a total of 3,228,868 seedlings, transplants, and cuttings valued at |8,079.97 were removed from State forest nurseries (see tables 5 to 13 inclusive). Of this number, 3,116,321 seedlings, trans- plants, and cuttings were used in State Forest planting. 3,862 transplants and cuttings were used for ornamental purposes in the vicinity of forester's and ranger's headquarters on State forests, and 108,685 were sold to individuals at cost of production. In addition to the seedlings produced in our State nurseries, the Department purchased 190,000 three year old red pine seedlings for planting on State forests. (See table 10.) In 1915 the total production in State nurseries was 4,16^,963 seedlings, transplants, and cuttings, an increase of nearly one mil- lion over that for 1914, and the largest number ever produced in the State nurseries in any one year. The value of these seedlings was $10,670.76. Of the total production in 1915, 115,577 seedlings were sold to individuals, and the remainder, 4,050,386, were planted on State forests. In addition to this, 299,000 seedlings were pur- chased and used for State forest planting (see table 19). Table No. 1 shows the amount and cost of seed purchased for use in nursery and direct seed sowing in 1914. The cost figures given do not correspond with the amounts the foresters were directed to charge against their forests. A few cents were added to the actual cost per pound to allow for packing and shipping charges. A por- tion of this seed was used in direct seed sowing and is accounted for in table No. 30. Table No. 2 shows the amount and value of seed actually sown in the nurseries in 1914, and includes shipping charges. A portion of the seed accounted for in table No. 2 was gathered by foresters in the fall of 1913. Table No. 3 shows the amount and actual cost of seed purchased in 1915 and its disposal. Table No. 4 shows the amount and cost of seed sown in the various State nurseries in the fall of 1914 and spring of 1915. It will be noted that in weight the amount in 1915 is about double that of 1914, but that the entire cost is only a few hundred dollars in excess of the cost in 1914. This is due to the fact that seed was purchased at a more reasonable cost and that more seed was gathered by forest- ers for 1915 sowing. It will be noted that the amount of seed sent to foresters does not in all cases agree with the amount sown in the nurseries. This is- Lifting, (\>uiiting, and Bunching Seedlings for Shipment. -Mont Alto Nursery Spading Beds Preparatory to Sowing Seed .-Mont Alto Nursery. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 101 "•*' --^ «^<^^^S|fc*v, \' V nt»>^4^i^^^^^riH^ESn^^^H ir^^^^^^^^^^H !■ Seedlings Heeled in, Preparatory to Planting. Two Year Old European Larch.— Clearfield Nursery because a part of the seed was used for direct sowing 'in plantation and accounted for in the report on plantations. Another reason is that several foresters held seed shipped them in one year until the following year before using it. This was done because of lack of room in the nursery to use all seed sent. In 1914, about 73% of the seedlings produced in State nurseries were white pine. In 1915, 50.7% of the seedlings produced were white pine and 30.6% were Norway spruce. Fewer white pine seedlings are being produced because of the prevalence of the white pine weevil, and the white pine blister rust now confronts us. During the two years last past, comparatively few hardwood seedlings have been produced. Energy was directed towards the production of conifers since the hardwoods regenerate themselves more easily. The number of seedlings produced and the forests on which they were planted during 1914 and 1915 are shown in tables 5 to 9 in- clusive, and 14 to 18 inclusive, respectively. The seedlings fur- nished to individuals from State nurseries for 1914 and 1915 are shown in tables 11 to 13 inclusive and from 20 to 25 inclusive, re- spectively. The total value of the seedlings shipped from the re- spective nurseries is given at the bottom of each table. In 1916, no charge for seedlings will be made to individuals ex- cept a nominal nursery charge to cover the cost of packing. This will amount to approximately 10c per thousand seedlings plus the transportation charges. A summary of the seedlings furnished to individuals for the years 1910 to 1915 inclusive is given in table 40. A study of nur*sery conditions including records and accounting systems was made in 1913. It was found that so far as production was concerned, the nurseries were doing satisfactorily. The matter of systematizing cost accounts and record of results was found to be not so satisfactory except in the larger nurseries, but even there each nursery was using a different system, each nurseryman having his own peculiar method of keeping accounts and records. In some of the nursjeries, it was found that records were entirely lacking. To remedy this a system for recording costs was devised and thus far has proved satisfactory. The system was worked up in con- junction with George A. Retan in charge of the Mont Alto nursery, and given a trj-out in tliat nursery during 1914. On February 18, 1915, a conference was held at Harrisburg to consider the adoption of the new oystem in each of the State nurseries. The foresters at- tending this conference were George n. Wirt, George A. Retan, Wm. F. Dague, Paul H. Mulford, Tom O. Bietsch, R. Lynn Emerick and W. G. Conklin. It was unanimously agreed that the system should be tried out. The necessary blank forms were ordered and the sys- tem put into effect in the spring. All State nurseries, with the excep- 102 RKPOKT OF THE Off. Doc DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 103 tion of Asaph,, submitted a copy of their records for the years 1914 and 1915. At Asaph nursery, because of peculiar local conditions, it was thought advisable not to introduce the new system until after its use for a year or two in other nurseries. By adoption of the new system, complete costs itemized according to the operation en- tailing the expense, and the history of the various nursery opera- tions, are made available. The new system requires the use of three blank forms as follows : Form No. 67, Nursery Field Sheet, which is for recording, while in the field, the original notes on treatment and operation costs; Form No. 68 is the summary of costs and a concise history of seed beds; and Form No. 69 serves the same purpose for transplant beds that Form 68 does for seed beds. In many nurseries a separate record is kept for each bed individu- ally. Such a system is too burdensome in a large nursery and re- quires unnecessary time and labor. By our new system, records will be kept for a number of beds treated under like conditions and sown or planted at the same time, and with the same species. For instance, if 20 or more beds in a section of a nursery be sown in white pine about the same time, and similar treatment is to be fol- lowed as nearly as possible for those beds, costs and historical rec- ords for all of them can be kept on one sheet (Form No. 68). It is very probable that instances will occur where sufficient space on the sheet for all notes on operations will be lacking. In such cases, they may be placed on the back of the sheet. Form No. 67 is the field operation record. Every different thing done in the nursery on any one day should have owe of these sheets. On it the character of the work done (operation) will be noted, and the account to which the expense incurred for it is to be charged will be inserted as the "charge." At the end of the month the totals of these sheets for the month are compared with the payroll and if they correspond, the field records are correct. The field sheets are then assorted according to "charges" and the total of each "charge" is entered in the proper space on either Form No. 68 or No. 69. Below is given a fairly complete list of nursery operations and the account to which each is to be charged. At the end of the year the "Record" sheets give a complete history of expenses against the beds covered by any one "Record" sheet and a synopsis of the treatment given those beds. There are certain nursery accounts, as capital, and overhead ac- counts, which cannot be kept on the new forms and will have to be taken care of as each nurseryman sees fit. They are such accounts as supervision, land (capital), water system, screens, tools, bnibl ings, drains, and other permanent improvements, a portion of \>hich must be pro-rated annually to the various "Record" sheets Ihe 4 I No. 26. pro-rating should be done on the per 100 square feet of bed surface basis. Provision is made on Forms No. 68 and No. 69 for inserting these annual pro-rata charges. Following is a list of nursery operations given under the account to which they are a charge: General Preparation — Plowing for fallow or green manure. Harrowing for fallow or green manure. Sowing cowpeas, Canada peas, etc. Mowing cowpeas, Canada peas, etc. Turning under cowpeas, Canada peas, etc. Laying out nursery into subdivisions. Costs under this account may be pro-rata charges. Staking out beds. General preparation ends with staking out beds. Bed Making (begins with staking out beds). , Throwing up beds with plow or spade. Raking down beds. Removing stones when making beds. Sowing seed. Rolling or firming seed beds. Hauling compost for seed beds. Also hauling needles or straw for seed beds. Covering seed beds with compost or mulching seed beds. Plowing for hardwoods. Marking out furrows for hardwoods. Planting hardwoods. Insert date under sowing and mulching. Red leading seed. Screening sand. Sowing and Mulching costs are included under Bed Making, but the date of sowing seed and mulching should be given in columns 6 and 7. Loss, Here should be noted dates or months when losses occur due • to damping otf, sun scald, winter heaving, grubs, seeds eaten by rodents, etc. Protection — Hauling and placing stakes and supports for shade Handling shades. Scaring off birds.. Digging for grubs, moles, etc. Spraying for leaf diseases and damping off. Re-setting ^sinter heaved seedlings. Winter storing of shades. 104 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. Winter storing of shade stakes. Removing mulch, from seed beds. Weeding and Cultivation — Weeding beds — coniferous 9r hardwood. Cultivating coniferous beds. Cultivating hardwood beds. Cultivating transplants. Paths — Cleaning and weeding paths. Removing stones. Hoeing paths. Watering — Watering seed beds. Watering seedling or transplant beds. Winter Covering — Gathering and placing winter cover, such as straw, needles, etc. Hauling needles, straw, etc. Removing winter cover. Inventories. The time necessary to take inventories, either during the summer or in fall. Lifting and Bunching — Spading out seedlings. Lifting, assorting, counting. Cutting willows. Seed (Form G8). Self explanatory. In case seed is gathered by the nurseryman, the actual cost of that seed should be given. If seed is gatliered by the nurseryman and shipped to some other person, that has nothing to do with these forms. Fertilizing (Forms G8 and G9). This refers to application of com- mercial fertilizers and manure, but not to green manuring. Lim- ing should also be included here. Plants (Form 69). This has reference to the plants which are transplanted. In cases where all plants from seed beds are put in transplant beds, the actual cost as shown on the Seed Bed Record is to be given as the cost of plants. Where culls only are transplanted, a minimum charge of 50c per M. shall be given as the cost of plants. Transplanting (Form 69) — Picking out culls to be transplanted. Heeling in culls to be transplanted. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. V» Lifting plants from seed beds when all are to be transplanted. Planting seedlings in transplant beds. Mulching transplant beds. Pro-rata Accounts — Supervision. Land capital. Buildings (construction, maintenance). Roads (construction, maintenance). Tools (new tools, repairs). Water system (construction, maintenance). Shades (new shades, repairs). Includes all operations having to do with the making of shades, repairing shades, and the ma- terial necessary therefor. General maintenance. Includes operations having to do with keeping grounds in clean and neat condition, as trimming hedge, mowing grass and weeds around nursery, etc. Compost. Includes all operations having to do with the making and care of the compost heap. The making of boxes for shipping and the material necessary therefor should be placed in a ledger account and shipments of seedlings charged the actual cost of boxes used, crediting the ledger account. Material for packing seedlings may be herein taken care of. * t. i i Packing and hauling seedlings should be taken care of by a ledger account the same as for boxes. These operations have nothing to do with the production of seedlings. In the spring of 1913, Prof. Netoffsky of the State Forest Academy, prepared fertilizer experiments to be tried in several of the larger State nurseries. . . ^c 4- ai+/^ The plot experiments were started in the nurseries at Mont Alto, Greenwood, and Asaph, to determine the effects of mineral fertilizer on quality and yield of seedlings, and with a view to determine means of maintaining and improving soil fertility. At the same time a permanent plan of rotation with the use of leguminous green manures as a source of organic matter and nitrogen, was adopted in two of the nurseries, with a plan for the correction of acidity in certain areas by the addition of lime, the lime requirement having been previously determin^ Large areas of the soil in the nursery at Mont Also were modified by the addi- tion of charcoal screenings and used for comparison. The effects of the fertilizers on the seedlings raised with different quantities and combinations in the three nurseries was determined almost entirely by weight. The conclusions based upon weights were found to correspond with quality valuations, as the heaviest No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 107 106 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. seedliDgs invariably possessed tlie greatest root development, fullest crowns, and strongest stems. The effect on the quality of the seed- ling is being further determined by out-planting and the data will be presented in a later report. The data obtained by weighing have, been collected, averaged, and are presented herewith. Mont Alto Nursery. — The results from the experiment beds at Mont Alto are extremely variable owing to the influence of various controlling factors. A study of the weight yields from certain beds clearly indicates the value of acid phosphate and sulphate of potash as sources of phoHi)horus and potash for this nursery. Each croj) of seedlings removes its quota of these elements, leav- ing the soil somewhat deficient. It is necessary that the two elements be restored to the soil from time to time, as continuous cropping without such a return will result in depleting the soil. A positive increase in the average seedling weight with attendant increases in size and root system indicates the response the seedlings make to this treatment. With manure, compost, or green manure supplying the necessary organic matter and nitrogen, the use of one-half pound of sulphate of potash (50%) and two pounds of acid phosphate (I^Or, — 15%) to every one hundred square feet of bed surface is recommended. The fertilizer should be applied to the soil after •^throwing up" the beds and worked into the soil during the "raking down'* procedure. With the acidity corrected by the addition of lime, the organic matter and nitrogen su])plied as manure, compost, or green manures, and the potash and phosphorus cared for as indicated, a permanent .^system of fertility results and the soil will respond continuously, m so far as fertility is a controlling factor, to the present method of cropping. The application of the mineral fertilizer at the time of bed making is recommended in preference to the use of tht^se fertilizers j)receding the planting of green manure crops. Added at this time, the min- eral matter is present at the critical period of the seedling's growth, in a readily available form and produces its most desired effects in the principal crop. The legumes are easily established in the nursery soils and being deep-rooted, vigorous growing plants, they are able to forage for themselves on the residual elements already present in the soil. In the process of their growth these elements, together with nitrogen taken from the air, are incorporated into the plants and are subsequently worked into the soil for the seedling beds. The u^ of charcoal "braize" and screenings in this nursery was first successfully ap])lied by Bietsch. The charcoal, by modifying the physical structure of the soil, with its many benefits, has made possible the present large yields, as the soil unmodified is a heavy clay-loam naturally unadapted to the growth of evergreen seedlings. I Previous to the use of the charcoal, yields from this nursery were not only low in number but were notably poor in quality. By ex- tending the use of charcoal over the entire nursery area available and enlarging the present irrigation system, this nursery can be made to produce an annual crop of between four and five million two-year-old seedlings. Such crops cannot, however, be maintained year after year permanently without returning the necessary plant food elements to the soil. FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS TABLE I. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Check Nitrate of soda Nitrate of soda and add phosphate Acid pliosphate Check ;•••:••; Acid phosphate and sulphate of potash Sulphate of iwtash — • Sulphate of potash and nitrate of soda C'lieck , Acid phosphate, sulphate of iwtash and nitrate of soda, ...... Acid phosphate, sulphate of potash and sulphate of ammonia, Sulphate of potash and sulphate of ammonia Check • • Acid phosphate and sulphate of ammonia Sulphate of iwtash and bone meal Acid phosphate and dried blood Check Bone meal and dried blood, Bone meal ■ — •••••.••:•;•,••,• Sulphate of potash, bone meal and dried blood Check , Floats and dried blood, Floa ts Sulphate of ammonia • Check Check average, 1.85 grams. 1.91 1.82 2.05 1.83 1.91 1.83 2.10 2.74 2.22 2.68 2.69 2.62 2.11 2.40 2.24 2.38 1.92 1.96 1.27 1.57 1.40 1.57 1.40 1.57 1.60 ^jpt>V REPORT OF THE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS. TABLE II. OflP. Doc. t Treatment. to a :s < Check, Nitrate of sodn, Nitrate of soda and acid pliosphate, Acid phosphate Clieclt, 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 Chock Acid s)hosphate and sulphate of potash, Sulphate of potash, Sulphate of potash and nitrate of soda, Chock, Acid phosphate, sulphate of potash and nitrate of soda, Acid phosphate, sulphate of potash and sulphate of ammonia. Sulphate of potash and sulphate of ammonia 14 16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 2.3 24 26 Acid phosphate and sulphate of ammonia Sulphate of potash and bone meal, Acid phosphate and dried blood Check Bone meal and dried blood, Bone meal Sulphate of potash, bone meal and dried blood. Check Floats and dried blood, Floats Sulphate of ammonia Check 1.34 1.76 2.38 1.88 2.02 2.10 2.16 2.48 2.25 2.18 2.61 2.65 2.24 2.22 1.17 1.80 1.40 1.63 1.05 1.50 1.32 1.29 1.27 1.64 1.27 Check average, 1.69 grams. Charcoal average, 2.00 grams. Beds in this series received double application of the fertilizers. Greenwood Nursery. — The results from the experiment beds at Greenwood are more uniform and a study of the table of the average seedling weights indicates the response the soil makes to application of lime, manure, sulphate of potash, and phosphorus as acid phos- phate or bone meal. With the rotation system practiced at Greenwood, allowing for the growing of a legume crop every three years, the nitrogen supply is fully cared for. The return of the potash and phosphorus to the soil in this nursery is necessary every three years. The addition of one-half pound of sulphate of potash (50%) and two pounds acid phosphate (P2O5 — 15%) to every one hundred square feet of bed surface is recommended. The application is to be made in the same manner as suggested for the nursery at Mont Alto. This nursery at the time the fertilizer experiments were started was enlarged and rearranged so that a three year rotation of one and two-year old seedlings followed by a leguminous green manure could be practiced. With the addition of the irrigation system and the improvements indicated, the present nurseryman has succeeded in doubling the yield of former years by an annual production of over one million seedlings. f I No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. Notes for Tables III and IV. 100 All beds treated with lime show decided increases over neighboring checks. Beds treated with phosphorus, as acid phosphate and potash, as sulphate of potash, alone or in combination, show decided increases over neighboring checks. Beds treated with phosphorus, as acid phosphate in combination with manure show much greater yields than manure alone or neigh- boring checks. Seedlings in all beds carrying sulphate of ammonia and nitrate of soda applied as a top dressing were injured by the treatment. FERTIL-IZER EXPERIMENTS. TABLE III. Treatment. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 to ft 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Manure, Lime, Check, Acid phosphate and manure, ... Acid phosphate and dried blood, Bone meal and manure Check, Bone meal and dried blood Bone meal :""l"Ji"i'i\'''A' Sulphate of potash, bone meal and dried blood. Check, Dried blood and lime, Manure and floats, ... Sulphate of ammonia. Check Sulphate of ammonia and add phosphate Sulphate of ammonia and sulphate of potash, .................. Sulphate of ammonia, sulphate of potash and acid phosphate. Check Check Check average. 3.65. .a M «-< 4) I 4> OB 6fi U a M 4.03 3.95 3.64 4.56 3.98 4.20 3.84 4.03 4.20 3.73 3.70 3.81 4.09 3.61 4.00 3.31 8.00 3.92 2.97 3.78 5 '> '^i-^' 'P "^ 110 REPORT OF THE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS TABLE IV. Off. Doc. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. Ill n Treatment. Xi % M O •a « 00 ■ £»• 31 34 35 36 39 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 60 61 52 53 55 Check, Acid phosphate Check Acid phosphate and sulphate of potash Clieck Manure, Lime Check • Manure and acid phosphate Acid phosphate and dried blood Bone meal and dried blood, Check Bone meal and dried blood, Bone meal Sulphate of potash, bone meal and dried blood, Check , Lime and dried blood, Floats and manure, Check 4.06 4.12 4.01 4.09 4.12 3.81 3.61 3.53 3.95 4.45 4.45 3.92 4.69 3.68 4.26 3.89 3.95 3.64 3.50 Check average, 3.84 grams. Asaph Nursery. — The results from the fertilizer experiment beds at Asaph are not presented at this time owing to a misunderstand- ing of directions in arranging combinations and applying the dif- ferent fertilizers to experimental beds. A new series of experiments was started in 1914 and the results after two years' growth will be published in a later report. With the application of the quantities of mineral fertilizers recom- mended for the soils at each nursery, moisture becomes the chief controlling factor. By means of the present irrigation system, when the moisture is appreciably lowered, irrigation is commenced and the water is distributed with regularity and to considerable depth until the moisture environment in the soil is ideal. The seed- lings then receive not only all the water necessary for maximum growth but also all the plant food they can assimilate and made available by the solvent action of the water. Now that the nurseries are producing seedlings in numbers, the time has undoubtedly ar- rived when quality consideration must be given greater importance. Too great emphasis cannot be given to the fact that it will be a decided \ No. 26. advantage to pursue irrigation to the optimum the first year and Bossibly the second year as the seedlings grown under irngation develop superior quality and weight. It has been a matter of com- mon observation that seedlings suffer both in the first and second vear of their growth at periods of the growing season for want of moisture The amount of water in the soil and the physical condi- tion of the soil are more important in determining the quality and vield of seedlings than is commonly conceded, being chief factors. ' Bv use of the fertilizers and soil modifiers suggested, and a judicious watering system, the nurseryman can do much to increase yields. Nurseries have been established on the forests hereinafter listed and a concise report is made thereon. Mont Alto Forest.— George A. Ketan, Forester in charge.-For the years 1914 and 1915 Mr. Retan makes report as follows: 1914. Weather— The year has been a successful one in this nursery. Compared with past years it has been one of the very best. This is true in spite of the fact that the season just closed has been one of unusual unfavorableness for nursery work. The records show that the season has been marked by very irregular, and yevy scant rain- fall During April, 4.93 inches of rain fell on 11 days which were well distributee! through the month. During ^ay, 4.00 inches of rain fell on five days, with a period of drought from the 13th to the 28th. During June, 3.02 inches of rain fell on 7 days, with none from the 4th to the 20th, followed by rain on 13 out of 26 days In July, 2.85 inches of rain fell on 8 days. In August, 2.28 inches of ram fell on 8 days, with no rain from the 28th of July to August 11th. September had^the remarkably low record of July .77 inches of ram on 3 days followed by only .91 inches of rain in October on 4 days The drought was-not really ended until December; but the later conditionr did not affect the nursery so materially. No watering was done after the end of September. An average of 2-^8 inches of rain fell per month for the seven-month period. The total of 18.76 iLhes of rain fell on only 46 days, or about 20% of the days were ''Si Utilization and Problems.-Practically the whole nursery area will be producing trees in 1915. Blocks F, G, and L have been planted up with hardwoods this fall, and such parts of E as will not be m conifers will be planted in the spring, and the i^mamder of the area will be coniferous beds. Blocks D, 0, and B have been trea^^ with charcoal and lime, and D has had a crop of beans and oats with manure plowed under. The charcoal was applied about three inches thick over the whole area. The lime, hydrated, was applied at the rate of one^^ one-half tons to the acre. It is estimated that these 8 112 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 113 if areas, together with the vacant area of Block A which will be utilized, will give about three hundred beds or 30,000 square feet of bed space for 1915. It is believed that it will be better to work up the area through the development of a little each year, intensively, than to try to put in too many beds. It is planned to get a part of Block F in shape to use for conifers in 191G. This area, together with E, all of which will be available in 1916, will raise the producing area of the nursery for conifers by ^ about 100%. By working up a small addition each year, the whole nursery will be worked over in the course of the next five or six years, and the production enormously increased. This work is made possible by the fact that the application of char- coal seems to solve the soil problem, which has previously been the great obstacle to success in this nursery. The experiments with commercial fertilizers, which are being carried on constantly, and concerning which a special report will be made, do not show that any benefit accrues to the soil, even if it be proved that the seedlings raised are better than those raised in the clay. It is doubted very much if the seedlings raised in the fertilized beds will show any better qualities than those raised in the charcoal beds. So far as observation goes, there is no question that the charcoal seedlings are the best that are raised in the nursery. Furthermore, the ap- plication of the charcoal costs only a fraction of what the continued use of the fertilizer will cost. The soil has the mineral elements necessary to raise trees; what it needs is the physical treatment. Fertilizers benefit the soil only temporarily, at hest; physical treat- ment reaches the root of the trouble, and the roots of the plants. Seed. — It cannot be too strongly repeated, as was urged last year, that the source of the seed is of the greatest importance. Larch and Norway spruce seed were had from Austria. It is very much doubted if seed from these countries ought to be used by us. It ought to be urged that our spruce seed come from the Black Forest region. We know that our white pine does very well there and it is reasonable to suppose that the spruce ought then to be adapted to our condi- tions. Other spruce seed came from Russia. This is altogether too far to the north. These trees will not have the length of life and the volume development of more southern races. The white pine seed was bought as from northern New York. This is probably the best we can do at present, since we cannot gather all we want in Pennsylvania. It is desired especially to call attention to the fact that a senior at the Academy made careful germination tests and counts of seed from each shipment received. These showed great differences and were a reliable guide for the nursery work. He also repeated his tests in the nursery and made counts at the end of the season to show No. 26. the nursery establishment. The results of these tests are presentcid in detail in the block reports where they were used. These will be repeated each year if we receive our seed early enough in the season. The amount and value of the seed sowed this year will be found in Table 2. ^r. a a Fall Sowing.— On September 3rd, there were gathered and on December 2nd there were sown, forty pounds of white pine seed from the groves near the Sanatorium. This gives every promise of being good seed. Larger quantities could have been procured had the school opened a few days earlier. It was out of the question to hire men who would climb the trees and we had to await the opening of the school By that time many of the best trees had lost their seed. The experiment which was carried on to test the value of fall sow- ing of seed was a great success. The nine beds are by far the best in the nursery. In one or two of the beds the seedlings are so far ad- vanced that they could be planted this coming spring. At least this would be worth trying with a few of them to see if they could not take hold earlier and develop more rapidly. They are as large as average two-year-old seedlings. One hundred of them weigh twice as much as one hundred of equal age from the other beds. Their root development is especially fine. If successful in plantations this method would effect a great financial saving in our work The.e trees represent at present a cost of about ninety cents per thousand. Shipments.-The trees shipped this year totaled a value of ?2,740. They cost, in the beds, $1.87 per M.; F. O. B. they cost $2.07 per M and brought a profit to the nursery. For shipments see Tables 6 ""^Thf white pine seedlings to be shipped in the coming spring cost S^2 15 in the bed. This is due to the small number resulting from poor seed and poor soil. In addition there is very considerable loss from the application of fertilizers on the young trees. This ought never to have been allowed over such large areas. From ten to fif- teen beds were completely ruined, a loss of 40,000 seedlings. Smaller plots w^^^^ have accomplished the same results. But the greates trouble was that of seed as was shown in the report of the work for ''lnrn'torie!-The inventory this fall shows that the number of seedlings present in the nursery greatly exceeds that of any previous ear. ?t IS almost impossible to estimate the yield, as any estima e 'of broadcast beds is very uncertain. Based on an actual couo .ome 300 square feet, about 1% of the bed a^^^' ^ V / th^^^^^^ the beds now average close to ten thousand to the bed or thr^^^^^^^^^ one-half million seedlings. This average ^^^ I''.'' ^^^""''^ '^^^^^^ thousand in the estimates to allow for loss. It is believed that this 8—26—1916 m REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. h' I i o is a fair estimate and that the beds will yield this many trees. If they do, the trees will be produced at a cost of about $1.50 per M. in the bed. The trees are theoretically present on an area of about 36,000 square feet. This would make an average of about 80 seed- lin^^s to the square foot. Actually they are somewhat denser as few beds have their full width, and the distribution of the seedlings on the bed is never uniform. Financial. — The ledger balance shows a total charge of |2,898.40. This does not mean that the nursery cost this during the year. |210.- 73 was expended on permanent or semi-permanent improvements. Lifting and shipping trees cost |288.25. On 1915 work $111.00 has been expended. This reduces the actual cost to about |2,280.00, and compares closely with the actual cost of $2,150.00 in 1913. The total labor expenditure was $110 greater in 1914. All but $30 of this was student labor. The policy of using more student labor is being carried out. The increase last year was 100% over 1912 and this year is 20% over last year. The outlay for hired labor was only $30 greater than in 1913. In this connection it is just that mention should be made of Mr. Harvey Metz, whose faithfulness tli rough the season has helped materially to make this a successful year. The detailed financial statement follows: di:tailed financial statement. Fixed Charges: Forester, , $511 00 Land, 45 79 Tools, * 28 73i Screens, 75 00 Water system, . 15 00 Roads and drains, 9 73 Buildings, 7 32 Current Pro-Rata : Tools, $5 49 Screens, 14 G8J Compost, 15 16^ Water system, 10 48 Roads and drains, 5 64 Buildings and grounds, 100 86^ 1913 charge to 1914, 24 57 Miscellajieous, 5 61 $692 57^ 1182 50i j^^ 20. . DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. Charges to Capital : Charcoal, $38 9J4 Screens, ^^^ ^^ Tools, ^^^ Dr. Account: Labor, teams and students, $1,283 36 J Fixed charges and supervision, ... 692 57^ Incidental expenses and seed, 885 05 1913 charge to 1914 account, 37 41 Cr. Account: Lifting and bunching seedlings, charged, • ?^'^^ ^^ Inventory, 25 00 Ornamentals, ^ ^^2 Potatoes, 27 29i 1913 seed beds, 322 OIJ Transplants (white spruce and balsam fir), ^91^ Foreign species (experiments), .. 11 74 1915 hardwoods, .' 27 60 Transplants, 13 77 1914 hardwoods, 2 72 Willow and privet, 16 44^ 1914 charge to 1915, 83 31 1914 seed beds, .1,833 01^ Charges to capital, 210 73^ 115 $210 l^ — $2,898 40 $2,898 40 Failures— So far, little success has been had with transplanting. This may be due to the very unfavorable soil conditions where it has been tried. Some experiments will be continued along this line. The red pines were a failure this year. Damping-off could not be stopped in these beds. Whether it was due to unfavorable soil or to weather conditions is not certain. Another year it is thought to be advisable to sow red, pitch, and Scotch pine seed first, hoping to have the seedlings well started by the time hot weather comes. Apparently the hot sun is less harmful to the white pine than to these species. ^ . ., . . .. These two failures represent a loss of about $100 in the past two years. , , • Experiments.-Nnrsery work, to be effective, must be aggressive. An attempt is made to keep abreast of tlie latest literature, and to ill 116 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OP FORESTRY. lit press beyond into the solution of the greatest problem of the nur- seryman, that of fungus control. It is believed some progress has been made. As a result of some correspondence with Dr. Colville, an expert on soil acidity, of the Department of Agriculture at Washington, experiments with the effects of soil acidity on the damping-off fungi have been made. So far inability to secure a sufficiently acid condi- tion does not warrant any conclusions. Experiments with irrigation as a help in the control of the fungi causing damping-off are also being tried. Direct watering from above, wetting the surface of the bed, especially in hot, dry weather, en- courages fungous attack. A plan now is 'to let the water seep in from the side paths and reach the roots of the seedlings, where it is most needed. Of course this method of watering could not be used during the two weeks following germination, when the roots of the seedling are less than three inches long. In that part of the nursery which could most easily be irrigated the past year, there was the least trouble from fungous attack, excepting one small portion to be men- tioned later. There seems to be a great decrease in fungous trouble in those beds with a large charcoal content. Eleven beds, which were over 75% charcoal, lost practically no seedlings from damping-off, al- though they were very densely covered. This phase of the subject will be watched more closely next season. Another experiment in this direction is the use of sterile sand as a seed covering. It is evident that on some beds this was an aid. In other localities it did not seem effective. There are so many factors involved in this problem that it is a difficult task to single out any one for attack. No doubt when the remedy is found, it will have to meet more than one unfavorable in- fluence. Since fungous growth is dependent upon a maximum of heat and moisture, the effort is made to supply the seedling with these two essentials, without also creating optimum conditions for the fungus. The methods advocated in various bulletins published by the Ex- periment Stations and Forestry Departments are too expensive to warrant their use where moderate success can be secured without their practice. The success in this nursery this year indicates that,- if repeated for one or two years, the nursery can be made a paying proposition. In the matter of the use of screens, the shades were removed from all beds August 1 to 11 this year. This was very early compared to what was done previously. So far as could be observed the seedlings suffered no damage. This helps the plant to harden up properly for the winter. Salamanca Trip.— The visit to Salamanca, which the nurserymen wqre permitted to take, demonstrated to us, that in Pennsylvania, with extensive methods, we can accomplish equal results without the expense ^f intensive methods, if our soil problems are fully under- stood. 1915. The nursery contains more trees than ever before, there is more area under cultivation, the conditions are being constantly improved, and best of all, the annual expense of upkeep is not rising, but re- mains at about 12,200 as during the past two years. Soil Utilization and Improvement.— During the year that part of Section E not in beds was fertilized with barnyard manure and covered with charcoal, and later a crop of peas and oats was plowed under. This portion will be in red pine in 1916. Section F was taken in hand this fall, manured, and charcoal was applied. This will be in white pine in 1916. During 1916, the remainder of Section A will be treated. This leaves only Section G of the nursery which is to be made available for beds. The bed area has been greatly increased as a result of this work. In 1913 about 300 beds were made up, in 1915 about 400 beds of seed- lings and 50 of transplants, and in 1916 it is hoped to have 450 beds of seedlings. Thus the area growing trees has increased by three hundred beds, or about one acre. ^ The use of charcoal is being continued. The use of commercial fertilizers has not given the results expected by those advocating their use. The average weight of the best fertilizer bed was but little better than the weight of the average bundle of trees taken from a charcoal bed in much poorer soil. This seems to be conclusive evi- dence of the superiority of charcoal. Green manure and lime are being used with horse manure as the best natural soil improvers. The European authorities are more and more insisting upon the use of such, to the exclusion of artificial fertilizers. Seeds and Seed Testing.-The seed was better this year than in previous years. Only the Ontario white pine seed appeared to be poor The seed gathered by Bietsch and Retan at Greenwood and Mont Alto respectively, was much better than any other white pine seed used. The next best was the seed purchased of the Northeastern Forestry Company, which was two years old. Seed testing is being continued. Three trays have been arranged especially for dirt testing. An error in the choice of a suitable room at the Academy was made this year and the results were not so good as in the previous year. This winter better results are expected. With the concentration of the plate testers here, an effort to do close and accurate work will be made. lid REPORT OF THEJ Otf. Dooc. was established in 1907 with 24 acres under cultivation. In 1915, nine acres were under cultivation and five additional in preparation for seed beds in 191(>. At the end of the year 1914, the nursery con- tained 5,127,351 seedlinc:s and transplants. Of these, 1,920,851 were available for 1915 planting. Seedlings were not uniform in size above ground and until lifted the number that will be sufficiently large to plant cannot be de- termined. These are the seedlings from the special fertilizer experi- ments and it is presumed that the root systems will show greater de- velopment than heretofore. If this prove true, the full number above given will be available for shipment. The number of seedlings shipped from the nursery in 1914 and their value is shown in Tables 5 and 11. The lifting of seedlings dur- ing 1914 was greatly hindered by the late thawing of beds and sub- sequent planting was delayed on this account. Frost did no apparent damage other than to red oaks which were just germinating. Their growth was somewhat checked and some were killed. No work on temporary or permanent improvements was attempted due to lack of labor funds. The soil texture was improved in areas treated with green manure and planted in 1914. This was repeated for the 1915 planting area, should be extended for future years, and a method to add more humus be adopted. Very early heavy and continued snows Iield up the work of cover- ing some of the seed beds. December was the most severe month since the nursery was started, the beds being in deep snow since December 8th. At the end of the year 1915 a total of 4,750,000 seedlings and trans plants were in the nursery, of which 1,727,000 will be available for 1916 planting. The number of seedlings shipped in 1915 and their value is shown in Tables 14 and 20. The second year Norway spruce have not fully recovered from the effects of the frost during the latter part of May and are now small but with good root systems. 4rhe third year elm and white ash are also small, the selects having gone out in former shipments. Following instructions, an area was prepared to grow trees for highway planting. On this area were transplanted 6 basswood, 9 red oak, 57 black cherry, 1,312 white ash, 1,327 honey locust, 1,350 elm. and 1,380 Norway spruce seedlings. Additional seedlings will be placed in this section w^hen available. By request of Dr. J. T. Rothrock, the Quarrie Soil Vitalizing Treatment was tried on nur- sery beds but showed no results that could be detected by the eye. The soil texture experiment was repeated for the area to be sown to Beed in 1916. j^Q 26. , DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 123 Greenwood Forest.— Tom O. Bietsch, Forester in charge.— The Greenwood nursery was established in the fall of 1906 and was at that time about one-fourth of an acre in extent. It has gradually been enlarged to 3 acres. In 1909 a water system was installed. This consists of an hy- draulic ram which forces water into a reservoir about 100 feet above the nursery. In the spring of 1915, the Skinner system of irrigation was installed. The cost of the system was $371.81, and it has proved satisfactory. The nursery is located on shaly sloping ground at an angle of between 5 and 10 degrees and surface drainage is an important question. Drainage was provided with open ditches run- ning parallel with and at right angles to the slope. The nursery was divided into six sections, each 56 feet in width by two-foot ditches, which so far have carried off surface water adequately. The actual cost for producing seedlings for 1915 shipment was as follows: 2 yr. white pine, Il 29 per M. 3 yr. white pine, 2 02 per M. 2-1 yr. white pine, transplants, 1 88 per M. 1 yr. red oak, 2 67 per M. The operation of transplanting is carried on with the aid of the Pennsylvania Forest Service transplanting board, the use of which reduces this cost to 30 cents per thousand. After the transplants have been set, a mulch of straw or needles is placed between the rows. This not only serves to hold moisture but retards weed growth and makes cultivation unnecessary. The operation of throwing up the beds is at present done with horse and plow. The cost would be further reduced if a plow with double mold board were used. Four-fifths of the nursery was limed and six loads of stable manure were used as fertilizer. Weeding of paths is done with a one-horse cultivator, the shovels being set to a width of an 18-inch path. One man with a horse does in one hour what formerly required one good man with a hoe two full days. In 1915 a portion of the nursery was set aside for the growing of trees for roadside planting along State Highways. This area will be planted in the spring of 1915. The hardwood area and shade tree section of the nursery could and should be watered by adding to the Skinner system two more laterals of pipe. The cost of weeding was higher than usual on account of wet weather. Little loss was caused by damping-off. L. pinii (needle disease) appeared on one and two year old seedlings but was con- trolled by frequent spraying with Bordeaux mixture. 'i| I I 124 REPORT OF THE • Off. Doc. Sifted charcoal braize was used on several seed beds this spring as a seed cover, producing favorable results. Further experiments will be made in the spring of 1916. In the hardwood section, the ground between the rows of seedlings was covered with leaves and needles, as a means of retarding weed growth and holding moisture. The cost for lifting, bunching, and counting trees in the spring of 1915 amounted to |209.82. In former years, the cost for lifting and bunching was charged against the following year's output. With the new system of accounts and records, this plan will be discon- tinued. The item of |209.82 for 1915 was well taken care of due to fact that an excess of 140,000 seedlings was produced beyond the 1914 product. The number of seedlings shipped from this nursery during 1914 and 1915 is shown in Tables 7, 13, 16, and 22. The inventory in the fall of 1915 shows 1,741,000 seedlings, 1,000,000 of which will be available for 1916 planting. Clearfield State Forest. — Wm. F. Dague, Forester in charge. — The Clearfield nursery which is situate about 12 miles from the town of Clearfield along the Penfield road, contains about 3 acres. Seed beds cover 2^ acres. In this nursery, the sides and ends of the beds are held up with boards. It is the only State nursery where the "box system" is being used. Cull boards from the saw mill on the Clear- field forest are used for this purpose and cost little. The nursery charges for 1914 are as follows: Making and placing of shades and boarding beds, $73 57 Lifting and counting seedlings, 39 06 Packing and shipping seedlings, 22 83 Preparation and sowing of nursery beds, 172 40 Hauling and spreading manure, 75 20 Weeding beds, 60 10 Cleaning paths, rearranging compost heaps, .... 47 28 Securing bracken and covering nursery beds, ... 36 05 1526 49 Fertilizer, $54 28 Seed, 236 80 Gasoline,, 26 58 Miscellaneous, 3 92 $321 58 Total cost for the year, f 848 07 The entire nursery may now be watered by the new Skinner system of irrigation, completed in the spring. The nursery is in good con- dition. It contains six million seedlings in the beds, 1,300,000 of j^^ 28. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 125 which will be available for 1916 planting. A fence was buUt around the nursery in 1914 and in the fall a hedge of three-year Norway spruce was planted along the west side as a wind break. The en- tire nursery has been limed and in parts not in beds the ground was seeded with soy beans and turnips. A statement of the seed- lings shipped from this nursery during 1914 and 1915 will be found in Tables 8, 17, and 23. . ^ ^ The seedlings available for 1916 planting have been raised at a remarkably low cost per thousand. They will average in the beds as follows: ^ 2 yr. white pine ^^ P^r M. 2 yr. Scotch pine ^^ per M. 2 yr. pitch pine 94 per M. 2 yr. larch ^-^^ P^^ ^• 1 yr. black cherry 2.94 per M. The cost of lifting, bunching, and packing these seedlings will in- crease their total cost by about 15c per thousand. Penfield State Forest.— Carl L. Kirk, Forester in charge.— The area of the Penfield nursery at the present time is about one acre This nursery has heretofore been regarded one of the small foresters^ nurseries, but is now being put on a commercial basis. The seedlings removed from this nursery in 1914 and 1915 are shown in Tables 9 and 18. ^ . u- u The 1915 inventory of seedlings totals 1,265,000, 928,000 of which will be available for 1910 planting. Austin State Forest.— P. Hartman Fox, Forester in charge.— One small nursery was established in 1910 at Odin which contains .16 of an acre. This nursery is principally for demonstration purposes and will not be enlarged. In 1915 a new nursery was established at Austin. It was contem- plated starting this nursery on a piece of ground purchased in 1915 but owing to a heavy sod covering and unavoidable delay in start- ing the work, this area could not be used for seed. Accordingly, per- mission was secured from the Austin Board of Trade to use a small piece of ground belonging to them. This was cleared of sod and debris, and thirty-eight 50 ft. beds were laid out and sown to seed in 1915 This was not sufficient space for the amount of seed avail- able and 23 similar beds on the N. C. Collins lot were laid out and sown Preparatory work was not started until May 23 and the first seed was planted June 4th. Good germination resulted in all the white pine and spruce beds except five white pine beds which were attacked with sparrows before the germinating period was passed. '}J il 126 REPORT OF liibj Off. Doc. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 127 Four beds sowed to European larch did not show any germination. Considerable loss resulted in all seed beds from the work of sparrows and damping-off fungus. The area purchased for a nursery contains about 3 acres of bot- tom land and must be drained. Tile drains surrounded by stone are recommended in place of stone drains. After the site is well drained, the ground will be cultivated to destroy weeds and to bring the soil to better productive condition. An irrigation system is needed. Water may be obtained from a spring on the property, and if neces- sary, from West Freeman Kun, requiring piping a distance of i mile. Seedlings removed from the nurseries on the Austin forest for the years 1914 and 1915 are shown in Tables 9, 18, and 25. Bald Eagle Forest.— Edgar H. Smith, Forester in charge.— A small nursery was started on the Bald Eagle Forest in 1912. The object of this nursery is principally for educational and demonstra- tion purposes. It is estimated that one hundred persons from Wil- liamsport visited the Bald Eagle Forest to see the plantations, nur- sery, and other forest work. The seedlings removed from this nur- sery are shown in Tables 9 and 18. Black Forest.— Robert R. Neefe, Forester in charge.— A small nur- sery was established on this forest in 1914 and now contains about 2,900 square feet. The results obtained the first year were very sat- isfactory. Good germination was obtained and little damage re- sulted from the damping-off fungus. A system of irrigation is needed for the nursery, especially if it is to be enlarged, and it should be at least three times as large as at present. The soil is a sandy loam and will produce good seedlings. . Drainage is satisfactory and the damping-off fungus has given little trouble. Being located at a high altitude and exposed to the pre- vailing wind, the movement of air is constant, another important factor in reducing the loss by damping-off. The area to be planted on this forest is large and by raising the required seedlings here, the high cost of transportation is saved. Tn the spring when the soil is ready to plant here, it is impossible to get seedling shipments from other nurseries. Production here means earlier planting. The 1915 inventory shows a total of 410,000 seedlings, 150,000 of which will be available for 1910 i)lanting. Two year white pine seedlings in the bed cost about 40 cents per thousand; 2 year pitch pine about ?1.08 per thousand; and 2 year Norway spruce about 44 cents per thousand. Lifting and bunching will increase this cost by 10 to 15 cents per thousand. Buffalo State Forest. — A. C. Silvius, Forester in charge. — A small nursery was started by ranger Motz in the spring of 1914. Good germination was obtained but weeds choked out the seedlings. Early No. 26. in the spring of 1915 this nursery was abandoned because the land upon which it was located did not belong to the State and was sold. Caledonia State FoREST.-Robert G. Gonklin, Forester in charge. —The Caledonia nursery was established in the spring of 1908, its ob- ject being principally for demonstration purposes. Being located along the Chambersburg and Gettysburg pike, it is seen and com- mented upon by thousands of tourists. In the fall of 1914, an in- ventory showed a total of 131,700 seedlings in the nursery. On y 59 beds wei^ in use. Thiry-eight additional beds were treated with charcoal braize and sown in the spring of 1915. In former years considerable transplanting has been done in this nursery but this practice is now discontinued because of cost. By the use of charcoal braize in the soil, it is hoped to prevent excessive drving out in the summer and to lessen spring frost heaving. A little drain along the upper side of the Lincoln Highway and two lateral drains through the nursery are badly needed. The 191d in- ventory shows 104,861 seedlings, of which G4,000 will be available for 1916 planting. , ^ ,oik The seedlings removed from this nursery during 1914 and 1J15 are shown in Tables 9 and 18. Chatham State Forest.— Thos. C. Harbeson, Forester in charge.— Durin- the spring of 1912 forester C. C. Miner then in charge, tried an ex^riment of sowing two pounds of white pine seed and one pound of Scotch pine in prepared spots sheltered by open growth. These areas located on the plateau, received no subsequent cultiva- tion The object was to determine whether seedlings having the viffor and root development of cultivated stock could.be grown with- out attention, thereby at decreased cost. In the fall of 1914 an in- ventory showed 1,400 white pines at a cost of $2.64 per thousand and 700 Scotch pines at a cost of $1.60 per thousand. The development of these three year old seedlings was equal to two year nursery grown seedlings. The Scotch pine proved a financial success. In the fall of 1914, about four square rods of ground m the Bear Wallow country was spaded and in June, 1915, two beds each 140 feet in length were sown with white pine seed. This area is now known as the Bear Wallow nursery. It is simply temporary and no enlargement or permanent improvements are ^^^^^^^f ^^/i^^'^^^^- An inventory of seedlings in the fall of 1915 show^ 1^1 'rant' lings in the nursery, 2,750 of which will be available for 1916 plant- • '° Geays Run State Forest.-A. B. Wells, Forester in charge-In the fall of 1914 about U pounds of basswood seed were sown m a sawdust bed in a small hardwood grove. The seeds were planted 128 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. in 200 feet lines hoed about 6 inches wide and 3 inches deep, and sown thickly. The rows were covered and tamped by tramping on the cover. In 1915 Wells reports his sowing a complete failure. Hull State Forest.— George S. Perry, Forester in charge.— A small nursery was established at Hull in the spring of 1908 but no additional seed was sown in that nursery until 1911. In 1913 another small nursery was established in Prouty Valley by Kanger A. W. Avers. The combined nursery area is 7,000 square feet. The nursery at Hull will probably never be a success so far as low cost of production is concerned owing to the weedy location and high moisture content of the soil resulting in winter heaving and damping-off. However, because of its educational value this nursery should be continued. The Prouty nursery promises to be a practical success. The soil appears to be ideal for the growth of conifers, white pine doing particularly well. In 1915 the average rate per thousand for seedlings produced in the Hull nursery was $5.55, made up almost entirely from forester's time charged against the seedlings. In the Trouty nursery, the average cost per thousand is $1.39. During 1915 a total of $45.42 is charged against the Hull nursery, of which $22 is for forester^s time. The cost of all labor for 1915 in the Prouty nursery was $27.13, of which the rangers' time charges made up $22.40. These figures at once show that the Hull nursery is not a practical success but that the Prouty is producing satisfactory results. New shades are needed for both and a fence should be built around the Hull nursery. It is planned to maintain the Hull nursery chiefly for experimental, edu- cational, and demonstration purposes, and also to devote more bed space to producing hardwoods. Experiments with basswood seed planted at once after being picked from the trees show that only about one seed in each thousand will germinate the first year and these come up so early that May frost killed them in this locality. The remainder of the seed either rots, is eaten by rodents, or else lies hard and dormant for the first 1^ sum- mers. Autumn sowing of white ash has thus far proved unwise for the narrow valleys of northern Pennsylvania. The seed germinalej? quickly and evenly in the spring following but frosts that are sure to come in May or early June kill all the tender seedlings that are not heavily protected by mulch. Experiments with Scotch pine and pitch pine show that shades are not necessary in this locality under ordinary conditions although the seedlings show more leaf- and top-growth when shades are used; yet the roots are better developed in nearby beds where no shades are used. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 129 No. 28. Black cherry seedlings are absolutely frosthardy regardless of how young and tender they may be at time of frost. , „ „ ^ , The number of seedlings removed from nurseries on the Hull forest is shown in Tables 9 and 18. . ^ . Kettle Creek FoREST.-Max E. Mtiller, Forester m charge-A small nursery was established on Trout Run in the spring of 1914, its object being chiefly for experimental and educational purposes. The work was done almost entirely by the forester and ranger. The soil is a sandy and loam and not very rich. However, fairly satis- factory results are being obtained. The 1915 inventory shows a total of 23,500 2 year-old seedlings. These will be held over for another year before being used in plantn- ' LoYALsocK FoREST.-John A. Bastian, Forester in charge.-A small nm-sery was established in the spring of lOU and contains about 1 600 square feet. In 1914 the seed germinated well but ]ust as g'ermination was taking place, a heavy rain followed by sunshine caused baking and crusting of the surface of the soil causing con- siderable loss. The nursery is situate in David Chapman's garden and not on the State forest. It is not a permanent site and no improve- ments are advised. The 1915 inventory shows 842 seedlings, none of which will be available for 191C planting. LusHBAUGH FOREST.-W. H. Homing, Forester in charge.-A small nursery was established in 1911 on Lnshbaugh Run. This was en- larged in the spring of 1914, and in 1915 included 1,708 square feet^ The nursery is located where the tree growth is just sufficient to give the seedlings the proper amount of shade from «»rrounding tr^. A satisfactory crop was obtained from seed shown in 1914, the seed- lines standing very thick in the beds. Sor result^ were obtained from seed shown in 1915. There were but 5,000 one-year white pines obtained from 5J pounds of seed 4bou 75% of the seed lay in the ground all summer without decj and may possibly germinate in the spring of 1016. This nursery will be abandoned because Ranger Wykolf has moved about a m.le further away near Brooks Run school house along Ihe public road. He has offer^ to set aside a piece of ground adjacent to the school for a nur^ sery This ground was cleared of roots and debris in the fall of 1915 and will be sown to seed nex tspring. The nursery w.n be situated more advantageously for educational purposes. . The seedlings removed from the Lushbaugh Run nursery are shown in Table 18. 9—26—1916 130 REPORT Oi^ THE Off. Doc. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 131 Medix Forest.— Ohas. E. Zerby, Forester in charge.— There are three small nurseries on this forest, one in the garden at the for- ester's home, one at the Rathburn place, and another on the Lincoiji Farm. Owing to the dense weed growth and the lack of a water system, it is not advisable to continue the nursery at the forester^ house. The three nurseries contain an area of about 3,000 square feet. The remaining two nurseries will be continued, to supply seed- lings for planting on this forest. The 1915 inventory shows 120,000 seedlings, 76,000 of which will be available for 1916 planting. The seedlings removed from these nurseries are shown in Tables 9 and 18. NiTTANY Forest. — Jesse M. Houtz, L. G. Barnes, Foresters in charge. — The nursery on this forest was established by James E. Mc- Neal in 1909. In the spring of 1915 a second nursery was started by the present forester. The area of the two is about 11,000 square feet. The first has not proved successful. The failure may be attributed to its location on a small rise some distance from water. Early and late frosts also cause considerable damage. The second site was selected because of location. The 1915 inventory shows a total of 38.950 seedlings in the two nurseries, none of which will be available for 1916 planting. The total cost of the two-year-old seedlings is $83.50, or $4.71 per thousand. The high cost results from charging the nursery with forester's time for work which should have been done by cheaper labor. No seedlings were removed during the years 1914 and 1915. Ole Bull F'orest. — Thos. H. Golden, Forester in charge. — Small nurseries on various sites on the Ole Bull forest were established in 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1914. These have all been abandoned except the one established in 1914 containing an area of about 1,800 square feet and which has been fenced in. The site chosen for the present nursery was formerly an old garden and the soil is rich and sandy. The greatest drawback is the prevalence of weeds. Cultiva- tion of the area producing tlie weeds, or sheltering by means of a hedge w^ould probably remedy the trouble from this source. , The present area is capable of supplying 200,000 trees per year. To do this, however, it will probably be necessary to lay out temporary transplant beds wuthin one of the inclosed fields at Crossfork. No. 28. Seedlings removed from nurseries on the Ole Bull forest are shown in Table 18. They were planted in the New Bergen forest. In the fall of 1914, an inventory showed a total of 331,000 seed lin^s 180 000 of which will be available for 1916 planting. The cost of S; two^^^^^ seedlings in the nursery beds is as follows: Pitch pLe 96 cents per M.; white pine, 81 cents per M.; Norway spruce, ^%'enn FoL^T.-Chas. R. Meek, Forester in charge.-A small nnr^ se^ was establi^ed in 1913 at Weiker at the home of Ranger T)avid Sy It contained but 300 square feet and has been abandoned^ All the seedlings in the nursery were removed in the spring of 1915 and planted in the Penn forest. ^ , Pine Grove FoREST.-John R. Williams, Forester in charge.-A smaU nursery was established at Pine Grove Furnace m the spring oTl 14 and'contains about 2,700 square feet. The -d s^^^^^^ suited in total fnihire. In 1915 better results were obtained. Five Teds were sown with Norway spruce, twelve to white pine, and ten ?o Scltch -pine. Good germination was obtained and comparatively little trouble experienced with the damping-off fungus. A straw mulch used to cover the seed beds, was good for the purpose intended Tt brought many weeds into the beds. In removing the weeds many :aS^ .we pulled out. Considerable loss f^J^^^^^^^^^^ birds' eating the seed. The soil in its present condition is probably too sour, as shown bv a considerable growth of moss. The 1915 inventorv shows a total of 325,000 one year old seedling PocoNO FoREST.-John L. Strobeck, Forester in charge.-Two small nuS^have been established on the Pocono forest, oue^^^no.n^ the Albert nursery, in 1910, with an area of 1-5 of an acre and the other the Whittaker nursery, in 1911, with an area of 1-5 of an acre blit now enlarged to about f of an acre. The Alb-t^^^^^^^^^ abandoned as soon as the seedlings are removed. The J^J^ mj^^^^^^^^ show^ a total of 11,200 seedlings and transplants in the two all of wMch could be planted in the spring of 1916. However, it is con- ;m;iated to hold some of these seedlings to be used ^or o-^^^^^^^^^^ planting around foresters' and rangers' headquarters on State forests^ Seedlings removed from these nurseries are shown in Tables 18 • ^°?n^l915, eight pounds of white pine seed were sown in tbe Whit^ taker nu;sery. While germination was taking place, forest fires cauTed^t^^^^ lence of Forester Strobeck and birds made away with practically all the seed. 132 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. !] Seven Mountains Forest.— W. E. Montgomery, Forester in charge. —A small nursery was established near Ranger Kinney's home in 1012. At present the area is about 800 square feet. Of the various species in the nursery, Scotch pine appears to do best, with red pine and pitch pine close seconds. Douglas fir and Norway spruce have given poor results. The seed sown in 1915 resulted in almost total failure, due to a number of causes. The germinating percentage was low. Birds got away with much of the seed. Most of the few seedlings which did come u^ died because of lack of attention at the most critical period. At this time it was necessary for the forester and ranger to be away from headquarters working on topographic survey. The 1915 inventory shows a total of 15,600, 15,300 of which will be avail- able for 1916 planting. SiNNEMAHONiNG FoREST. — H. E. Elliott, Forester in charge. — Sev- eral small nurseries have been established at different times on this forest with a combined area of about 2,200 square feet. One nursery is located at Ranger Crum's home. Another is established in the woods up Wykoff Run. The great drawback to the ranger's nursery is that, spring and summer being the busiest time, he is not always on hand to give it the attention required in weeding and shading. An attempted remedy is picking a new location as free from weeds as possible, and which has the proper light requirements. The 1915 inventory shows a total of 40,150 seedlings, one and two year old white pines. None of these will be available for 1916 plant- ing. Snow Shoe Forest.— Geo. W. Sheeler, Forester in charge.— Two small nurseries were established on this forest in 1913 known as Little Bear nursery and the West Branch nursery. In general, the growing of white pines in these nurseries has not proved successful. No seed was sown in 1915 but another attempt will be made with seed requested for 1916. The 1915 inventory shows a total of 37,200 seedlings in the two nurseries, 12.600 of which will be available for 1916 planting. The seedlings removed from this nursery in 1915 are shown in Table 18. Whetham Forest. — J. B. Ryon, Forester in charge. — A small nur- sery was started at Whetham in the spring of 1912, the present area of which is about 3,000 square feet. Wire fencing was purcliased in the spring of 1914 to keep out dogs, chickens, and ground squirrels which completely destroyed two beds of white pine. In 1915 there was an excellent germination of white pine and European larch but excessive damp weather and early summer resulted in a large loss. ^^ 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 133 The 1915 inventory shows a total of 45,700 seedlings, 35,600 of which will be available for spring planting. The seedlings removed from this nursery during 1914 and 1915 are shown in Tables 9 and 18. White Deer FoREST.-Raymond B. Winter, Forester in charge.- Two temporary nurseries were established on the White Deer forest, one in 1913 and one in 1914, the combined area of which is about 400 square feet. But one pound of seed was sown in 1914 which re- sulted in total failure. In 1915, one-half bushel of red oak acorns was Planted bv Ranger Roadarmel. About 500 seedlings grew from TeL fcornl They will be held over until 1917. The 1915 inventory shows about 2,500 Norway spruce transplants in the nursery. m 134 Eh tf2 i-H I-H Q a Q C< P M Q H H «2 O O No. 26. REPORT OF THE Oflf. Doc. o 5 OQ ^S.2 3 « o..:: *- = = ««.^ J«l «3 ^ •- 2 «j © a ji-»-.s: fl 0, >> I-) o) 0) 0. c "^ IJ ti c > a o-^a m o o % p c o Oi M P4 xn DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 135 o OQ el o io 00 ■ o. fi tc S 02 Pj P O xn O H H 02 c I. 6 55 0 Is 0) ♦J o CO a (4 0) a 0) ^ ©J 00 :♦ t- rH oo .-J «D eg ^l^ CO e^ CO tH ^ i-t r-4 e^ t-i »-ic^-*'-'Oipcj>e<5e<5»-jogr^ V. to o o • ...»H..'" «... .... .... A .... . . . .M- • . • . n • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .09 C» BO o • * • OD . . • lA . • • • • 00 t- kA SB so o 88 :S :8 : : : : :S : : : ;S : : : i :8 i 09 XI •W • II I 4» 8 oo xaaa 8I00000 • •« 22 : : :3 : o Hi • • • . • 09 o OO'^'-I • . I : I I I I : I : .j -^ •-_ CO lA O t- 1- ri W « !•<• * ••♦ONOiOiN ;»!■* ; •* C-5 i-l t-l rH r-» • • • . 94 e<9 00 X) 1-3 lOOO>OOrH'*i-tOO "C* . 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(O O) , o.a . * 0) . u . o .5^ a a S 03 .-I * a . a> . r; • • S t. — xj cS * -^ 5 rt t: f t*. !^ :^, *- 01 • a . • ••l-s : a a S*! c O' a 4> . ftS •on -^ O) 0)O) ■«->H->0 r- r- CUS ?3 0) en 0) a « a< 03 t-» en (8 t- o a a c a o ©•a s 0> 0) 13 • w — — Eius ««• 0) o o O „ 81 2 4j- „ a SJ TT OJ on ■— 1 g 0> - S « 03 03 — je ? £ fe fe t^ « O he — -1 * -* I, •- 4) a r^. 03 (»■ 1' 08 09 5g •^^ "^^ Jli *#- h '.-• ' o CJKUS^iJS550ft.pHmca^ SSft a "^ s; "^s Co* 5«i»-i*H *^a)Viotfla 0>2 > ^""^ e32:xs-'-s^ ^ S„l^2-£'»'usV 0) 03 138 KEPOIiT OF THE Otf. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 139 3 (4 P n OS 02 H t/2 o H H O 03 EH 02 o Q » 02 I. O •WOX •a^ X Xjjaqo JlOBia •jX X oiia •al X •;»aiBAi >l3Bia •Ji! X "sidBK JBSng •aX X "^snoci Xauon •Jj£ 2 "JU SBianoQ 'j£ z '^^i'0'^. UBadojna •j^ Z "aoiudg Xqauox •i£ 2 auid pay •jiC z auij qo)o.>g O O 05 Oi © 00 00 U5 CO O < triioi-He»50»He>i!ptc>030 tOOOO'««lHOO«OMr-tf-tiH iH !H CO 00 r-< CO Si •CO •t- uo 8 OO S5 t- — ; » I in OO CO CO o ■OOM .T» * • lO • kO >00< o M U) CO OO to CO f-l CO • ^ O O . © «D • ; < : :8! • • us ^ © r-l 00 00 »oco iOl-t 810 ooH— 00 in lA OO OO CO Coc< ;g] ;85 >00< > 00 r-io o vrs< i©0©< >©<5o< r-liH r-l iH »-< l-t 02 P o H o ;^ «^ 02 H 02 W o fa w % H 02 ' o QQ H M CI] 02 o M Q 02 I. «o 6 •BSnm^O ^oilTM. '2£ z 'aJoraBaifg • . • • . • ... LO lO 00 ia s CO • N M o o c0r4'4''« 3 •j^ 2 -qoJBi uvodojna •g-X -aonadg ifBAiJO>j :S • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 8 • * « • 'iS. Z 'anu qo^oog u OO o «-i •Ji£ Z 'ouij siinAY :8888 • "»• c o f^ . Oi c^j o ^ s •88*8 .ggg^ © 4 CO CO co be ^u 3 >.»> fl »4 3 ^- JT ^^ — '^ '-'r' a; g aJ ,/ 14 I- CiJ tT <^ OS C flii Ji*;J= * N '- • • • • • • • • • • • • :j4 : :| : :o : o 08 : m oTfc 2 « flW 08 fl . 08 O a o hi •3 'i' « « 3 h|j< .i:*5 B 11 K 5x: KB«ttP3nu:^»Sss?2aiS£««w 4) * o ** r^ i;5«: a s •a 3 4; a< 4) 4)^ « (-1 ♦- O « J3 H^^ QQ 140 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 28. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 141 1—1 m ;z; Q O O O m « O H CO O H o M Q m I C •SIB^OX jl I -iCxaoiio Jiocia •j^ I -^nuiBAi >IJ«ia •j^ 2 •qojBq nBodoina •iS. z 'aonadg Xbmjox a •X-2 •J^ Z « •IS a ta a o •ai Z f^ 72 •J^ Z 9n\d 9ilUM 0t-0<5>0Q0iSO C5Oi-IOO- >.•■•> oo6 -oi •CO -M o o c«; • ift ro 00 s o_^ CO US o ii^ •o :S S ^ • C^ • o t- • » » . rH •OLO • t- • o ?J 2!^ : CO pq -«JB3HOdt-ii-id<5^ 4> S ^^ 03 ►• ,fl O 0) n o TABLE NO 8 -SEEDLING SHIPMENTS TO STATE FORESTS. CLEAR- FIELD NURSERY, 19U. Forest Where Planted. Forester in Charge. u C4 0) a ■«-> a go o 1^- * . ' * '■•'♦l Clearfleld, Medix, .. Ole Bull, Penfleld, W. F. Dague, C. B. Zerby, . R. L. Emerick, C. L. Kirk, . Total numbor, Total cost, .. 28,000 40,000 55,000 60,000 173,000 1389 25 52,000 "AO,m 92,000 80.000 40,000 95,000 50,000 265,000 $27G 00 1665 25 l! m i-H OS i-H P O <1 03 « H 1^ 02 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY •IB:»ox •Baai;;no AioiiiiVL •qsy 9*WA\. S lo ift o ot- to o ■>»■•" rH<0 t-' O ■* CO «? PO 5© >rS0O CO o •jj£ X •}nu(BA\. l-^uia •ji: X -qoaBq UBOdoana • 'O •© • • • . .is -O • • • • 'O "t" • • ' : :a t- • • tH 00 : :« eo r-t • Id • • • • • • ^ • • • • • • lO • • • • • .cc 22. • • • • • 00 o (0 o 00 ^ 4) O CO ^ (U SQ •Ji £ 'jif e s 'i£. z '^^\d P»H 0) •J^ £ s ^ t- M o r-l £^ > ■ 00 ■ kO s CO :^ gs •jjC z IS *o eo • CO g S a :g : :g > ^ CD • S h> 0) . 60 3) 0. c-M^;s .•£•3- t^o x 5? 'C?;-s o * -; o No. 28. TABLE NO. lO.-SEEDLING SHIPMENTS TO STATE FORESTS, 1914. Purchased from Mount Carmel Nursery. 14a Forest Where Planted. Forester in Charge u CO a Bear MeadowB, Keating Penn Pennypacker, . • Rothrock. ...... Seven Mountains Sizerville, Slate Run Young Womans Creek, W. D. Ludwig, F. H. Dutlinger, .. C. R. Moek H. E. Bryner A. W. Rodine W. E, Montgomery W. R. Evans F D. Jernld, H. F. Critchley, Total number, 10,000 10,666 Total cost. 10,000 25.000 16.000 30,000 101,000 $227 95 o S P *:• u uSi,-^ 02 n H H tt^ - -a kc«s rs •s« Is -2 M .0 0 0). o o •555a «<^^ OJ « H a> ►. hi cox: w3 r K." .£3 "^ iS »-' " >« a ? ^ a ^ a o ^ • a ^Pi£ti 0.9 0; M *- e " I tt) Ol 4) Oi go^ C 10 144 I I— 1 rH p w < o P Q M O H Q W p^ p m M Q I O REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. •BIC^OJ, •J A' z 'A'JjaiiQ Jiouia •ji£ X 'uiia 'iH \ '^snooq ^ouoH •jiC z 'aitli'K JB3ns •j^ X *;nui«Ai >i«>«ia Norway Spruce. •s-i •a^ Z 'j£ z 'JM SBiSnoa 'jK. z '9UIJ paa a; •1-8 o •Ji 2 •JiC 9 • •T-Z s-i •OiC z OB -<5 S > oo-«ro< I ir:; O o o O < >ooo< Soooo< ooot-< • oodo I y^ ^(M r^ e^ O «>i-t rH • • • • • C> • • • • ■ • CO s :i3 : C4 ' • *St- s? o 10 s lO 00 8* « • <^ • • • • • <*]> • • • • ^5 • • • • • ^5 * ■ lO o fr4 « loj :S ;s : o : :8 §•0 . . -A • ci -to •2 •o M • *^^ 1-4 pH a* a on (>>(>» a : 1 O X S: £ >;n^ , a; 3 OO C C *iJ^ C 93 CB •»-> tt^ tf~5 M i: « pkt 1.^ a: a: X OS S u a 11 25 a ^ S en : a u 4> a a o o 09 o o «■•■■•**•••• •••••*•••_.•» • ■••••** •• •••..••■•• • ^^ !*••• »-» • •• • • ■ ••N^ • ••• , • • • • *¥^ • • 4J ^ • • . • »> *-> II No. 26. I It DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 145 • ,••••••••••• C3«. »■••••••••• rt« • • JSm • • • • • • ••••• flS •••••!^ > : • ; • : M ; : : : 'hJ Im . . •••*. O Z S H . OS 8J . 66* . 10—26—1916 i 146 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. TABLE NO. 13.— SEEDLINGS FURNISHED TO INDIVIDUALS FROAJ GREENWOOD AND OTHER NURSERIES, 1914. Name. Address. White Pine. • u 1 >, iH c - • >> ^ N t-t t-i M 1H o o -4J 4^ ^ 04 s 3 . 00 a t4 a CM OS >> A ^ 3 .fl PM 08 :t4 ts , fJ fe 0) rH 1 4J o o m (4 Non fl Derr, Cyrus G., . Signer, Geo. W., Smitli. B. H Dutllnger, F. H.,* Hadesty. G. B.,t Reading, ... Spring City, Elimsport, .. Westport, . , Pottsville, . . Total number, Total costs, . ♦From Wlietham Nursery. tFrom Rothrock Nursery. 9> o H 'i',566 100 11.00 11,000 • ••••• *"i66 1,000 "ijsoo *i!666 •••••• 100 100 1,600 $3 61 100 1,000 $4 50 1,500 $4 13 1,000 $8 00 $33 00 $0 25 $0 18 12,000 l.O'X) 3,000 200 100 16,300 };53 67 Na. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 147 J2 % m P w % m H O gl cc W M Q I o •BIBC^OJL •a^ I 'JIBQ paa I If; < :8S5 > ooc^x SP" - 05 5^*§s s? s s s I s s s;; s s s s " a s a 00 00 •CO 'x& X '^j»uo ^3«ia •Ji£ Z 'RWBi nuadoana • 00 g 00 8 • A •e<9 eo 8 •jiC Z '»n|,i qo^Id •jiC z 'aoiudg iCBAi JON 0) fl 0) .fl •ai£ z 'auij pan 0> 8 ><=> o o o c5 O O g 55 & CO o o c2 •* O0r-I0^>3«0 -05 0 • lAlfttO>SC-lr-ievJ •■fiH • •"I •.'^ : ~r • • • • • • • • ,«••••■••■••• t^.O'** :88§S :§ :i .0000 .C) 'O 8 at ■<*< CO 00 •1-2 i : : :8 i 8 • • • * 6^ * r-t I I • .^ . 0 cq o :8 . . t- rr • -co .4^ • • . • . . . rH . . .CO • a s •JiC z 0) bs u •3 .fl Li o I Soo -OS t- 3 rH • Ift O rHrH-^ •OOin (0 C0 id " rH CO • • A ^^ « • • O < . .So . . .g< . . 06 c> . . • CO < • COhJ" •lOrH • • • • • • • • • • 00 JO ja 33 flS o2 ^BpQttoG fl ' « : -2 «s a> •fl . Ifl }■■ f-t ^^ m <*^ rT. f ""* 4> C ** OS'-H n 148 REPORT OF THE •BIB^OX i-H o» i P o o 1^ «^ o m O H O M Q w I. O PQ •BSup^no AioinM •j£ z 'isnoo^ iauoH •jiC X 'yivQ paa O O >S OOtH< in kft t- ot-(£i< sap^ss sss|«s o CO to S s • • • • • • * ^^ « • * • • • • • • • o • • • • • ■ • • • • t* • • • • • • • • • • • i •j£ z 'A'"ailO 3l3Bia •saajiuoo snoaaBUdOBiyf kO • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • « • • • • • • ^i • • • • • ^ • • •ai z 'iloJBT aHddojna •jiC S '^onjdg iTSAfLioii •j£ 8 'auij qojoog '<0 00 '0» s • ^^ ■ • • 0) 0) •a;C T 'jiC e S & • • >»} 8 o eo s Mi Z :3 :S5 SSSS :« 00 00 00 r-l 8 :"»$ •OOrH 'O* • CO 0» • lH ■M at go CM • ^ -"^ "^ i-S o >» * T* X "t 3 O s a 5 o Eh 09 o o Off. Doc. No. 26. 1 I I o • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ^ : o a» fl «i ■•* H S „ 91 1 d) 3' 0) O O N s. l4 I—t P Q O O o Q I O .J PQ DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 140 •BXB^Oi ooiooocotew T-l 1-1 T-l 00 M M 00 > lft< > im< 1^5 5 s^*5!iq ssasisss sss^ 00 o Si •ji£ I 'JiBo p^a •jiC I 'jnuiBAi JloBia •i£ Z 'ipaBi uBadojna • o •o •o • r-t • •!-< rH • rH • rH • rH >kA •00 lA t- 00 •ii 8 'aiii sBianoa 4) OS at u o ■a' . • J^ ' ... :8 •in N irj lA s lA •1-3 •iX. Z XZ 'auU U3*o^S M C« ■C4 ■ o> o • =1 • • CO : :t3 • .25 -o ■ N o -o^ at • t- 1 lO lA *, CO ^ (M •^ • CO S3 s lA 8 c> CO •> . . 09 . . • * « • - - Ih .W * • • re o o H Ma) 03 « 3 pqns £ tB^' : : : .-« . . . ••o a - • vt 2*5? (*» C.C5 00 2 ->^ CO 5 a g 4) B S i: c a Q P > • « • »« • eft : d • OS B '. « 150 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc No. 20. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY, 151 TABLE NO. 17.— SEEDLING SHIPMENTS TO STATE FORESTS, CLEAR- FIELD NURSERY, 1915. Forest Where Planted. Forester in Charge. 1 1 Norway Spruce. t u >* M .a M « u «0 0) 1^ a u* r* 0 (Xi 00 es 0) 4> P. +* • c M o .^ A •4 >» 3 o »4 3 ^ C4 CO O H ^ Austin. — Buchanan, . Caledonia. . Clearfield, . Hull Keating. ••• Lusbbaugb. New Bergen Penfleld. ... Rothrock, .. Stuart White Deer I P. H. A. E. R. G. W. F. G. S. F. IT. W. H. H. C. C. L. A. W. V. M. II. B. Fox Rupp Conklin, ... Dague, . . . Perry, Dutlinger, Horning, . Van Horn, Kirk Bodine, ... Bear or, ... Winter, ... Total number. Total cost, ... 74, OflO 74,000 $166 50 SO, 000 I 50,000 20,000 &2,000 '46.066 33,000 '46'. 666 C3,500 " '15,066 369,500 $823 75 13,500 9,000 13,500 i 9,000 10 24 10 "io 000 000 500 666 $43 87 i $31 50 54,500 $190 75 50,000 50.000 20,000 52.000 10,000 40,000 33.000 24.000 131). 500 63.500 23.500 1»,000 520,500 $1,356 37 I i-i H ^ »-< j;^ '-' "^ \m m I > O I m O Q O • 0 •KJUBldSUBJX a 'J^ s 'ii z u 0) O J3. r • • tJ ■ • • ■ o H o 9 n M c9 • .be • & O C8 rt.a 3 3*4' a> c 3 3 © 0^ c- > _ — o c 3 3 a< a.' 3 B 3* 3^ .□3 *3 ^ Si 08 M ^^KUS 152 REPORT OF THE OflE. Doc. No. 26. TABLE NO. 19.-SEEDLING SHIPMENTS TO STATE FORESTS, 1915. Purchased from the North Eastern Forestry Co. Forest Where Planted. Black Forest, Blackwells, ... Caledonia, — Kettle Creek, Lushbaugh, ... Mont Alto, New Bergen, Penfleld, Pine Rothrock, — Seven Mountains Stuart White Deer, . ill' Forester in Charge. R. Jl. Neefe, .1. W, Keller K. G. Conklin M. B. MQller W. H. Horning L. E. Staley H. C. Van Horn. . C. L. Kirk H. C. Evans, A. W. Bodino, W. B. Montgomery, V. M. Bearer, R. B. Winter Total number, Total cost. Red Pine. ao.ooo 40,000 10,000 10,000 20,000 9.000 50,00() 40,000 10,000 15,000 10,000 10,000 244,000 1488.00 • • • ■ • 25,666 251666 51666 55.000 $611.75 DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY a r-t p w < O Q Q •smoi, %%\ S' !*S8! •8S?3J !i» 'xL z '^ntrjsaqo asau^qo m M P m Q I O Jl 8 'qsv a^TUM •j£ 8 'uiiH 9^^A^. M ^■♦r^ TIN ^ •Ji X *31B0 P9H •jiC t '^Jaaqo JlOBia •i£. z 'qoJBi uBadoana 'x£ z 'donads .£«i&JOK •jiCZ 'enrj qo^Td •ai 2 'auij pan a •i-z •Jit z S « a • »•••• • • • 00 oo o ^ 8 •^ SS ::3 •o • • • • • ^ • • • 'm.* • • • • ^ :£ • ••••• • ••••••-••• • ••••• •^ • • • •••••• •" • • • 153 • • • M - . • r roQ : -oofi « .u *-» w - ^i4 at o aZ « ils S a 0) H.g'S fl 9 O Ut* ** 9 f* E^ a S S w o 1.H o n^^ ^"^ s iljwigp o ;: o a w !« O s 5 « o *«?5l> 154 REPORT OF THE Oft. Doc. No. 28. .£ i « k c8 t^-- ocr !^ t *' •»• O J2 *-• ^ O L» i-i cc p a c o o o P Q M t Q >^ M o H Q Zf2 P O M Q 1 6 ^5 1^ DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY, 1» •bib:joj, > OI0OC^ oooocmocoo COtH « ^ •a^ Z '^nmseiio asoumo la •jiC I 'JiBo p^a •8-2* a«lcl una ji£ z '•'i.a sBianoa •jl z 'UOJBT uuadojna 'X-z 'eonads iSoAiaoM •I-Z 'auiJ qo;oos l-Z 'auTJ paa ! ; !i3 ;!! !15 •••••• • .,,.••• • •• •••• ••••... .,. «... •••...• • •• •••• .....•• ... .... .....•• ... .... ,.••••. ... .... ....... • •? * *^ ■* * *^ ' * S I I . '. '. I . • • • • .. .. . •• •• • • • .. . •• •• ' • • ; .. .. • .. •• • Ill.t. .•• .......«• ; ; ; ,,•••• ••••••••• So • •© o • **^ - CO • • ; I ; ; ; •••••'* * ' ; ; ; ; ; ; 1 *. t '. '. TTTT: : : : : :gS8^ : : C) CMO ' • ,«•••••••• •■ "' ,,•••••••• ^H • ■ ;;;;;;;::: : I §o© •© -oo •© •2S52SJS 11 :§ :S^ jS -.SSSS^ ^ 00 si 8 & M 00 CO » s :; CM O • • I ! I 1 a a .a 'I-Z • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • !8 :^ • • '^ :a : : • • • ••••• O sg gsg : 8 t- 8 at •a^ C ... : :» ^ k7 of the Department's report for 1912 and 1913. Two acre plots were laid off on the Promised Land, Whetham, Grays Run, Stuart, and Stone forests. One acre was dynamited by blast- ing one-half stick of 2V>% Red Cross dynamite placed in holes about 20 inches in the ground and 15 feet apart each way. The dynamited acre and the check acre on the five forests were planted in the spring of 1912, white pine and Norway spruce seedlings being used in the Stone forest, Norway spruce in the Stuart, white pine and Norway spruce in the Whetham, white pine in Promised Land, and honey locust, sugar maple, white ash, and red oak in the Grays Run forest. At the end of the 1915 growing season the foresters report practi- cally no difference in growth between the dynamite plot and the check plot. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 161 It has been the contention of certain foresters that one year coniferous seedlings could be used for planting under favorable con- ditions with every chance of obtaining good establishment and at a low initial cost both for seedlings and for planting. In the spring of 1915, Alfred E. Rupp planted 3,000 one year old white pine on the Buchanan forest. Some of these seedlings were planted in the open and some under partial shade. In the fall Rupp reports: "I wish to mention particularly the remarkable growth and small per- centage of loss in the plantation of one year old white pine. At the end of the first growing season they are as large, averaging 6 inches in height, as one would expect two year old stock to be at the end of the first year in plantation. This has been a very favorable season and one is apt to be misled by it in an experiment of this kind, but I believe that one year old stock can be planted under light shade with very good success. Several squares of 100 feet were carefully examined, the seedlings counted, and the percentage of establishment found to be more than 98%.'^ This experiment will be watched with considerable interest. Two experiments with fall planting of conifers were made by John W Keller on the Blackwelk forest, to determine the feasibility of fall planting. On October 23rd and 24th, 1913, Keller planted 3,000 two year old seedlings, 1,000 each of Norway spruce, white pine, and European larch, under bracken and sweet fern. In the fall of 1915 he reports as follows: SpecleB. Per Cent. Living. Norway spruce, European larch, White pine 1914. 90 92 90 1915.. Height Growth (Inches) 1915. Max. 85 68 86 Min. Average. 2.5 2.8 2.6 On August 24th and 25tli, 1914, Keller planted 12,000 two year white pine seedlings as a late summer experiment. These were planted under bracken and sweet fern and resulted in a total failure. Summary of State Forest Planting.— Summary tables of State forest planting have been compiled and are appended. Table 32 shows the number of the various species planted on each forest to date. The area planted and cost of the work will be found in Table .33 Table 34 shows the number of the various species planted in all forests by years, and 35 shows the cost and the area planted each year So far as percentage of establishment is concerned, white pine has given the most satisfactory results, and by far the largest number of seedlings planted have been white pine. In Tables 30 and 37, the extent of direct seed sowing on State forests, the quantity of seed sown, area treated, and cost of the work 11—26—1916 WSBB^ 182 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. are shown. It will be seen that the first attempt to reforest by sowing seed directly was made in 1902 with .78 bushel of chestnuts on what is now known as the Caledonia forest. To date, a total of 278 32 pounds, principally coniferous seed, and 229.8 bushels of hardwood seed have been used in experimenting with this method of reforesting. ,. . .„ 4. Tables 38 and 39 constitute a summary of planting of willow cut- tings in holts for the production of basket willow rods. Thus far no rods have been marketed, all the cuttings having been used to form new holts. ^ - i 4.' « There are many factors entering into the average cost of planting per thousand and the cost per acre on the different forests. It will be noted that the per thousand cost of planting on the Kettle Creek forest was f2.69 and the per acre cost |6.09. This per acre cost is considerably lower than on the Kishacoquillas forest where it was 110 28 although the per thousand cost on the latter was even lower, «2 59 ' In the case of Kettle Creek, fewer seedlings were planted per acre It will also be noted that the per acre cost for plantations on the Loyalsock and the Bedford forests is high. This is due to small plantations, and the fact that much of the work was performed by foresters themselves at a high rate per hour as compared with the rate paid ordinary labor. Planting Plans. Planting done on the forests in the past has been somewhat at random, the principal idea being to determine species suitable for local conditions. The time has now arrived to look more to the commercial and silvicultural aspect of planting, and in 1916 planting plans will be required for all forests where it is proposed to do any planting. A definite system of planting for each year covering a period of five years, will be outlined. The plans to be submitted may require certain revisions from year to year as local labor conditions change, or in case protection schemes not under observation make planting practicable in localities now deemed adverse to planting. If such be the case, alterations will be made to suit the changed conditions. The following planting outline will be followed : Outline for Planting Plan. I. Purpose of Planting, whether for 1. Commercial returns, wood products, 2. Or protection of water sheds and prevention of erosion, 3. Or shelterbelts, 4. Or aesthetic purposes. Arbor Day planting, ornamental or roadside planting. No. 20. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 103 ri. Description of Area. 1. Size of area. a. Total area of the forest requiring artificial reforesting. b. Size of area to be planted in each year of the 5 year period. 2. Location, compartment and sub-compartment; or county, township, and warrant, a. Location with relation to existing plantations. 3. Topographic conditions. a. Slope, degree. b. Aspect, direction, e. Drainage. d. Altitude — maximum, minimum and average. 4. Geologic conditions. a. Geological formation. b. Soil and subsoil— kind, depth, rocks, humus, moisture content. c. Quality of site— I is best, IV is poorest. 5. Existing vegetation. a. Abandoned farm land— fields. b Burned areas now producing scrub oak, bracken, sweet fern, fire cherry, aspen, birch, or other inferior species, c. Recently lumbered areas. 6. Photographs showing nature of growth and topography. III. Treatment of Area. A. Preliminary to planting. 1. Protection from fire, or from insect or fungus attack. a. Present protective means. b. Proposed, giving estimated cost. c. Insect or fungus damage in past years. 2. Preparation necessary, if any, and estimated cost. 3 Survey. The area to be dealt with should be surveyed and a map submitted with the plan. This map should show topographic details, subdivision (compartment and sub-compartment) lines, and the portions to be planted by years. Practically all the informa ion called for under the caption "Description of Area is to be shown graphically on the map. B. Planting material. 1. Plants. a Species desired and number of each. b. Age, seedlings or transplants, and why that par- ticular age. c. Size, give reasons. I 164 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. d. Number per acre and why. e. Method of planting and why. f. Time to be planted and reasons, spring or fall. g. Estimated cost. 1. Plants per thousand. 2. Total cost of plants by years. 3. Cost of planting per thousand. 4. Total cost of planting by years. 5. Grand total cost by years, h. Mixed or pure, and why. i. Success and present conditions of plantations made in past years with same species under simi- lar conditions; or with other species which may be a criterion of expected results from the pro- posed planting. 2. Seed, in case experiments with direct seeding are de- sired. a. Species desired. b. Reasons for direct seed sowing. c. Quantity of seed per acre and by years. d. Method of planting. e. Time of planting. f. Estimated cost. 1. Seed per pound or bushel. 2. Cost of seeding. 3. Total cost per acre. '' 4. Grand total cost by years. g. Successes or failures from former direct seed sowing, h. Expected results. IV. Summary and Conclusions. No. 26. 1^ 1^ Q < -O < K >— ( O W I— I OS I— ( O < H I 6 hi < DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 106 •sinjoj, •saunjno AioiHAV •iS. z P«« T'spooM -p a o H snoauBnaoBipi 'iK Z puB X '^nniBAi ^l^Bia 'iS. z 'Jld 8Bi3noa CO o< :1S :8 •lA 'Jfi Z puB X 'W^'JWI UBedojna g puB z 'aonjdg Jlv/ajo^ •jiC 8 puB z 'snjj uojoog •JiC 2 puB z 'anid P^H 4; •J^ 8 •JiC Z 1 a « 2 « S R O s «d ^^ :S i-ieoesi M :8g ;0 • e»3* M ^lA ^ ioo lA J-l CO 8 m UA §1 (£> £58 ^ t- iA-.J?lA tA< IA< 00 s lA OO rH 00 ec e< CQ© O ©OSR 8 -^ 8 oa>e>i ?3;5 ;2!^J2 M 8! MCOio 00 .-I 00 s 8 o 8*5 ooo so IS S?3 lA 0> lA -f © P r-tffl ift «A ?5 ill! ;8j 8 (A 5$ x • .o ^ . u o OS'S '<0 Wi 9 8] &>. .S c :«5 C O 3 • t til . 1? 1-1 »*% .< (^32 ' « o es C o^c.tiiiggg.5.S ••o •g •:^ . n. e "^ He o c o c O t- n • a o o o ^ a O d^ •li 166 REPORT OF THE Oflf. Doc. •Bi«;ox d a •t-> a o O <» cs O •saunino MOiiiAi •j^ Z puB X 'spooM -p J B H snodnunaos}];^ Z puB X *;nuiBAl JloBia •j^ Z 'ai^i 8Bi8noa 2 poB X 'IIOJBI UBadojns C puB 3 'ddnadg iCBMJO^j 'i£ z pnB 2 'au]j qo^oog -i£ g puB z 'anid pan ©Or-t<35O0t»OC> tn Vi >n 0> O ifi r-i OQ tfi M to CO 00 CO 00 ^ )^ 12 s g g^ «e s s ;s CO CO b3S ^ 8 s i • a 01 o .3 so .^4 Ol Oi a S) 'fee C-5S ■S 5 C 08 ^^° o a «*£: A ^-' "^ ;. -^^ /-s «; ''A v: yj 72 • 73 03 -^^ Ha 03 a u C a S3 O ^^ CO 0) O'. hi feu •OJ4 a o a c a S '^ a 0) at O oo^om a . 03 tn OS-M ♦- S a u OJ « * F Q> a O OS a. a: No. 26. =5 ^ 03 d I -J1 as ^ o ^ •<) a «2 O a> ^ I W I DEPARTMENT OP FORESTRY. 167 u U 9) 0) -M o 's^naniaojojao-dH 'snopB^uBid A\.aK 'sSunpaas SapaBid JOj 'K •id^ )^<>0 s ^^58 ; ^ ss " « ■ S : S : ^ ?5 « to • ^ : "* : l0'«iaC4taMOOOCO'4OO)t>rHOCOU3toOOT-lr-l9'^aOMt- o«0'(peO'^koot>(eoo>oo>t-oOkaoo'<«t-c-te«ONia-^c<3kAt>cou3LOoor4A^c-oooo>'^e4VC4Mooc'^CO'^COt-'«t0>'4'*©o>t-^c4 r-tM?9>*>'^0"5>rtr-llrt05m«0?MOOr-tC<10>COlrtt-OOQ«0»rt'^00'-"-'t~ irt«efjt^pioo60'^«T>t-t^MC^o>o>oooi5sv4evicooo«cjicoO«e lO W U3 M iH rH t-T iH N t-'*0050005eOCO«OcOCOa»^iHe*90Qi-IO»CO'^rHrHtHOOOit-OOeO«0>H «OrHLAooiAta(ocooooot>-t-0)oocot-coo6ceococvi'^iHd>u3«eao t-O0>r-00e^0p00lJ>t>-oa3a>toc^i'^ir5i'-«ioooo»''»<05irtmTt'ec»- kOTH ITS 10 iH iH tH N r-t r-t evi e^i r-tr-lr-IN O CO C<1 t-l M 'B^aamaojojud-dH 'sno])B:)nBid ti^^^ 00 60 o s s -aojojaa-dj j o j '8no|) -B)aBid Man ui 94 (0 to » 20 3."3* 24.8 00 CO • • coe«3teoooo'<4*e»>AOo>coooo>ooco'4o>'4o>oo>'<«|u» Q>cjeo«e^if}ooo4ioot-i-Jo>'^oot-?Hoo«oo6co'«t"co«et-irtr-co«oio 3>«^ t- OOCONi-tM 'V<0t-i-t 1-1 ■♦ CO rj r-t 06 1- CO W «0 »-» a C3 . 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"D SS 0) o; 4-> C3 o a O 0, o be > « . « hi 01 61) •Sto -MtO god o© en 'W p a «^ OS !§ Ot ««. es Mo 2 C 61 0- « = 4J4J tC •J-, rr. a &> o< u 0) O) o 6£6ll^ Oj 0< oj Off. l>oc. No. 26. cq P Q O i-H I-H H O (^ I • O pq < DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 169 •sib;ox •sSun^no MoinM •iR. Z PnB X 'SpOOM. -p J B H snoouBuaosiin '3.S. X 'JiBO paa •jj: £ pUB 2 'sjajiuoo snoauBn9«>«IPI s '^ 00 s 12 § ^ S : oo 00 £> % tH ■ M t-« Oift ©OC 00 s§ •j^ 2 'qojBi UBedoJna o 3 k> Q. CG hi O •JA' {- pUB % •i& Z ^ puB g 'z 'anij ipioos •jiC 8 P«B C 'auM p^a 0) a 0) 4-1 .3 •1& \ pUB g el« :5 ss Ss'ffS §^ P. s ©o© •ft*©'©' i-t5J f §1 i-t't-.* 8 Old 8 a»to 5 ©< 8 © 58 ^ •if :S885 :V5 tfi ^ oo t-Oco 888f888^ s 8 •j^ z 1 S CU I Si o 88§8§8 to .— 1^ O >o © :88 0© © 5 gc 88 : 88 : • eo^f 0 "i t-00 . ift © • » • • • • :?, ^iS 00 u3 1-1 • to© . 000 • rH . i| W 170 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. a O •siB;oi •saumno MoiiiAV 'JiC z pair I 'spooM -p J B H 8no3aBiidosiPi[ •i£ I '^BO pan 'j£ 2 puB 'JiC z '^oivj UBadoinQ • •jX f POB £ hi a OQ s? ^ •J^ z ^ t puB E 'z 'anid qajoog •j^ E pnB Z '3«Td P^a 0) a 'j£ f POB g •J^ • T f • tH r-tt-i r^ r-> 8? CO U5 s s § s CO ©rH S^. IfS S 853 S S lO s kO i5 -•I g S^ s u» 53 iS 3 s r^ n ©O 88 us'© sa I 8 S:: I •o O tH«5 as •S - S bo s.-f S5 s=>© <0r-t m a Q,« O4&4 ff M seen SC03 K H 1^ ^rH o H 5 I No. 26. 1-1 O OS I 6 pq DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 171 •sjnaui30joju3aH •suouBjuBid Ave>;; •sSanpods 'BnopB^UBld JO %SO0 \TB^OJj •s 'a? So •ani^uBid JO ;soo '63nnpaas jo ;soo 's^namaojojndaH 5 :^^ eo is ^}-4kaCi4i0>cCiHe^MOOT-tlAt-iAinr-ltOO C^ IH tH r-l t-4 i-I rH >H tH »H (Q r-l 1-1 rH l-l i-4 fH fH r-t th -^t" elSTH«e<^l^^•*P9e<>e<^eoe^l0^5«^SlMu5'*■>*•*Nlfle<^coe<^lHeo■*T-l W ©■«»<«6lftTH©i-IOOO>lH«OCt^t"©'*'* r-t »-lT-taoi>»«000©COf4Nld«0t-©Noopse^coco«C>W'f*~«c>40t~*^''^<5P<»«*0 rj^ ■9» «5 " kO «i i-t »-< rH W -t- eo * eo -^rn K*© Sor-l •^rrS S8?:S?^S?S5agSg§!5f;3S?Sg?5l2^S!S^Sfi8»S8§§a;S rt.-H'*to*flooCcot--«cao>t--rt«r!T-H«oM'n-0'*''rf5'-©c-io>c«j«DM'>*©«eeo'*<«ceoeoeoe*;*ift '♦M O} i(t t- o I in •iHc3^i^)9>i(ot>^)'4j ,-4 C-1 cl ■M O 1-1 lA t- lO to I O f300000(3lfr4t-Oie»S'*05£> N 00 lA "T l-- 00 o M «; e-iifloooe^ioo'^.-c^iooccas e». r-l' c-f^oo a r^ 94 ^4 to evi(N iH iH in «^ f-i in i-i 5(= 0/ a ^ a 'O . c^ 0) - ,< K S*- U 1^ « <■ ^ E ^' d c-V Sf •-,• as M •o Co*' c p ^•^ o C (J, «»9 be o a o . Er « c t : : :m • . 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No. 26. o H H C H -^ H O « DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 173 Q H P Q H O H < p rH OS r— 1 t I— t o> r-l •» o ^ oj O H CO m O Q •ajoB aad jsoo •jsoo IBJOJ, •paas aujAios jo ;so3 •peas JO :jsoo '(saiOB) Bdjy •o 0) 01 OS a ei 3 •siaqsng •Bpnnoj o OS o 0) a QQ 'apBQi sao];B)aoid jo "om •jBaA u o OB o ■*oo»-(oo*o>o>T}«(MT»eo^Sb- MCO"* 70rHeQi-lc4T-IOe^C«'^C^)«Ot~ t- in in O O 00 M 0> e^) ?5 to r-t rH So S> fj iS «OC«)-«»<00OJ00«OC-C><00C0t»CflMC0«O rHiHTrCM fH rH<-t 0> 00 in NT-'«^<©S«>o<*c>e>oo©in'<*<«oi-i C0NCCt-Ot"-«00iM>HC^-CMrH (MOlOOt-t-t-N r-lt-f-t Oi-IWrH iH rH CO in CO (O (OA'^ooeoMONaoiA0imco' ^ cJ e pq ^' CO o CO rH 00 in *4 94 (O 94 -^i (O rH 94 M tH r-l ^ H,- ^ ^* -tj < H cs s ^ ^* ci a K k o "O CR c3=3 O) ^ npQ ^ oc, coo J3 2.2.2 =« 62 s o o> o; OJ c •i Wl e J" tM hi o> a> P c: = C C - .K!*:^ c s S K o o o o c e e 3.Z a> oi^ |J|40Pn&4QQ ■ m u a 04 174 Zfl O O o s r-« O) Q M H ;? Oh H 0^ o <) H i CO 6 HEPORT OF THE Off. Doc. •;soo iB^ox -SnnaBid JO :jsoo 'B^San^no JO ;boo '(sajott) B3JY •sSan^no JO jeqran^ •B^ioq JO jaqranfi •JBai 1 «© »H M iM lOCMOOO SS 00 00 gMMM ^ > 10(0 0} «e«,o, ?? 00 00 SS^g & t» t»t»t- lA JOUS ^ S^ in N C4 CD 0> 00 o> Irt M r-l CO e<5 oooo O o 5 Ift O ITS u» Irt o o t- Ol t- o> lAOMQO M £S Nl-t tH M A at M U O 9 aa 9 S CO. H H 08 e3 OS SO Q C o o 2 c; c a C C = 9 ^ ^ U (i4 X M X M • IM (^N .l-l -F^ R e; cs :3 ««'«t-H-t CO lO 0> O) 9> 0> rH »-( i-( t-l Ok • ri^ rM 01 01 03 at A « • "r^ rH Ml «> O—*— r- a a » B at at <8 OB en 5 o No. 20. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 175 P CQ I H o CO O •S^UBld JO OX lB)OJ, I^^OOlfll'^«0lA©OQ0f5r^OOr^C^QOOOC5©5O^^O©«^lg©«Dl£5Q ©ei05rtc>U5mu:i-.JairHrHrHt^«>© CCCCJlOC-jCOt-Og gli?E3SS(S ^ OJrHHti&O CO M M -"T CO rH to CO CO «6 CO CO CM rH CO rH t- t^ rH 00 OC td 00 00 •gpOOAVpjBH P9XXJ\[ •JBidoj Biiiiojno •jsnooT ^auoH !S : : >lO • • :^ •CO 't- • t- •© • frf 'us •en •rHOO •ifjjailO JiOBia •9l(lcjv[ JB3ng •luia nBD{JdniY •:»nuiBAi Jlot?ia •JICO 9^111 AV •31B0 paa •qsy a^lUM 'SJdjluoo poxipi 'donadg ^Cbavjo^j •qojBi aBd(Iojn[3 •auij qo^oos •au|d paa •aoid 9juL\i e Ik 12 •o • 00 • oocM©'© ;; ;"^' • 0> rH • lO • ** ' • in ■CI ^ • rH© •© '■ •t-in •'^ ■< •in • in • es» • o 'oo • o • in • o •CO •o •Cfl • t- • •© •O • • t- • 0> • • rH : :g! . . CO < . • O . "CO o . •© • -t-© • . t- • • in t- * •CO . . o m . . . .^ •© . • •© • in . • • © • in • • •© :g : :S • T)< • •OO •00 • in • •oo •© • • * • • : : :g ■ in • © 'CO • © • o> . •©< . . in< . . 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I© t-oo 94 rH CO rH 00(O<_ t-t-rH a a) • (WO ct *"» ^ B-S S5 'B^naiDdojojaa-dH '8noi)B)aB(d Mdji^ •a»ai rHeO-*rH • • fH OOCOrHOOi ine^r-ie* IO lAio 00 t^iooi 00 rH 94 00 rHOit^'^ft^ot^ CO 94 iot-(e(o 10(0 in t-OiOO©©oe©Ci«0000>rHin'^rHaj94©rHrHOrHrHe<:059ICOg> rHrH©QOrHrHOrHOQOOr I- •^ in f W ■^ CI 00 O i-H c: ?C IM OC trt «C C^J Csl rH »rt 0>'«"0>00'^«>CC^t-OOr-llHe4eO00O'*<'^oro»Ht^«o rH t- to «D i-HC lO to IM ir. «D C/-- M- «© « "T M OC Q C\l C^0Ci-('«J<«e00lf5ir5ir;i-lTHO'VTrt^«©5Cis-itOinoiocoo'»t"»»«oow ^ 'J'OJt-e^lCIOOI^OOe'lt-tCC^I'^CI.-IOMCSr-ltO rHOOtOl-tOC^JCCClCOlOrHOCvlTCOMr-IOJteO C-je^l-tlH l-l IH 1-lrH rH ei ift cT t~- oc c . i-i ift cv th evj 00 o lO r-i a> '^r{o>E^o>FieoM(ec4c-it«M»9eo^p3 irt ©«D »-(©■««< 00 fHOw^t-otfjcikOw 00 oiw S©'»-l 8S :8 ■V CO -N oi-©eMb-iSf-io>S©'^o< WMlOOJrHO0eO©iHeMC0 Mc^e^)^-ooTHO>tf>^•r-<^oo^-f-(knoo'^^- ©r-t'rust-©'*'oesiu}e^i>H5« coco Ni-HiH CO s 00 00 S" >e4 •M <0 CO O N 08 2 o = S-^-^ o O No. 20. f)EPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 179 o • !2; ^ H Z ^ < TS Pk 0 eS ^ 8 H •s tf O m Ee4 H H ^ H w "^jJ CO • o z H ^ PQ ^ H •sib;oj, •SpOOMpJBH P93CIK •JBldOJ BUJIOIBO •^snooi iCouoii •^jaqO JioBia •aidBK asSns •U11J4 uujiaaiuv •juuiuAi 51«>«IU •HBO a^lUAV •HBO paa •qsv a^lM.Vi •Bjojiuoj paxiK ■aonadg ^bavjo^ •ipaBT UBddoJna •anij qo^oos •anid paa •anij e^iiiM 8 8OOQOQO00rH?0rH'^t-rm0 SS^CtACOP-IWrHtOCCOt-CO IkOrHC^Q^ goo e rH rHt-©;e00rlCOC0 rHr-TrHCOeO'* CO to •tfl< • ©< • © t- t- O 00 o> • 00 rH a> mu5 00 • to CO t- Oi t^ o> .<4<«0 -loe^r^ ■«*« ■ 9) '^ : •a rH 00 ^ to to CM ■to •©< ■t-co CO rH«0 S©t-©eO< So© '^ I 00 to SS lo S J^ * © lO©CO OrH © rH©"rH ">»< OOt-1 W rH ■© •lO ■ <»■»♦< o© • CO OS L."5 lO • I- I- c; 1^3 • irs'tfTrH 00 to UO ©©OrH©©00tO lO©*rHOCl-rHtO OJ^tOlOrHOlrHO lOtfiT rHoTt-TrH S' CO © CO CO to too 'Q e>i t>. S 'to © t-CM -rH «>rH "oT rH©«0© CI to C. © 00 rH rH 00 I cog? rH tod) ^ s to CO CO 00 CO > C0 c> to to o o to > 00 o> erj N rH © ■.# > o> tS lO oo o t- 1-> • co to > a> HT te t- > •^ OOOi o> rHiO«e^ r^ rH ?5 t-«e-* rH CO rH CO s to ioo6< t-oo \^ s©< _ eo©*N lo' r^rH M<0 C4 S^f*' © ■^ iti _ _ , t~ © to to t- 'J* a> to * © rH t^ f ©00 CI rHCOoo t- t- CI to CV CO rH 00 CO <0 to © © © © © 00*1- CTIOCJ o© to © 00 >©< icioo^t-toMto 'C>t— oo©'^c>iOro > oo CO CM CO e^i o o ci •iorHc':ioto'*©oot~-t-io5e'3'co M 00 CM t- OO t— © CO .-^> A t- tO t- ^ CO to ■^ rH \ t-HrHCsTcMN to o o *^*■^ »♦• in «d t- 00 o> o rH M CO "<»• to 4.) Oi00©000000<— IrHrHrHrHrH Q c/:i7iCr;a50C5erj*aiC5oa5cr-crjOJO> rT a I J SB (H IH o a « o OQ 9 •4-> 00 0) .a o o r-t .0 u ^ I 9 VPiH s e) 9 O i3 Ed aw 00 rH O A CO 00 rH n « e (.1 .r^ 03 O) 00 9 O n a 00 M) Ph ■*- rH C* 9 ■*' • • rt*© r-t 00 00 00 a> « 0) •O'O'O 2 9 9 "3 "So 9 9 9 HHhNHH • •!-♦♦ ii I i I I ii ii ;ail 180 REt»ORT OF THii m pj < H H M « H tf • CO -^ 00 O O f^ u TA m 6 s?^ hi >-( <1 H l-H a Pk e4 Pk H § Si O 1 02 (^ oo»HcoiHcoe'«ift~t>koco'^iOrHC4e4C0 94coeoe«3 0i OkamookAootAkAoceoooooQ^j t-rHCO0O'*rHO0-«««M«£'t- »A«r>'H«500 W '^ O la OirtiftQQiaoot— ioot-:ooirtom t-rH«aoOOOT-lrHOOmi-lt-«'ll«<-<«DM «W- fH »0 W U3 CO OS ?D 00 W t- c\it— c-iig • •»• M ■»«• »H pj to o oj o »-< eo 00 iHC^l e<5«DO00O e4 to -^ e a** ^ 'sjneinaaaojnaau 'suonv^nBid A9H IS • • 0> t-00O>(OtAO> iocoiOiHeoe<3t--'^'^u5irte4 ^jft-t-op^ooeor— t-o»oo NeOrl^t-MrHlOOiOt- M ^ t- 55 u5 c5 »H •-tc«eIA< 8©©©O0O0©l o iS « c^i >-i ^ < t- © in o «c •^ 00 I •©O»lO©C0i-Hb-lOrHOSlO ^ 0> CO © CO t^ ^ ^ © C*3 Oi fHt-a>USt-i-HMr-4 f-1 iH eo CO >♦ 'S^il^^S 4) Off. Doc. QO <0 to o> in S©©©©o>Q©q)r>-©eooot- ©■^©iHoicOi-iaJtoSeccoto 00 eo 0> © id eo 00 00 00 »HlHl-» • e-< to © <-t »1 00 to to 10 C* to * t-l CO »-l S CJ «H 1-S fH rH »-( fH 00 5 o g©er-oewO»-'iMco'»«ift >©©0»-(»-li— l.-(i— IrH \ 0> w A ^ 9s 9s OS OS OS No. 26. 00 o 5 W tf <3 c K H 02 I 6 Department of forestry. 181 03 P O r-H m H m O p:) % S I 02 O g « p. 4, <^ ^ P % m 4-> ci I •ajoy Jaj ^soq aSBJdAV •jsoo iB^ox 'Sa{Aiog JO jsoo •paag JO :»soo (•sajov) •pajBajj, Bajy •♦J •siatisng 9 o •spanoj I t-ooo« MO»^c<9 eoa>c<5c<9eoe>« io»oooeo©co©Neot-OP» t- iH r-< T-t j::) £: S 2? 2 '-' sp t" ^^ ©oo©oo©ok0©os'4<0 ■lO ©©© 00«H eO>lAOtOlAO0> OrHOfjOOr-lt-lrtl-NOJ oofrjoooiftioe-jo-^toe^i SlOO-^OO •OOOT-tlfl coooboooo ;to«ooo iOr-t«Oi-iMe^ -cofinto •poos JO ;^oo §OOiAOu?OtOt-C»'^ ooO'^ocot-OJO'-idj (•iiOJoy) •paiBoaj, Boay >> •Bxoqsna =3 •epunoj eooe^t- oe^t-coc^« CO o ^ z OlA lAO r-*00 (M ;Oc> ■MM «o 10 OtOOOiH M CM t3S lA iH 333 •CO :S 00 . CO fi hi I' < •aptij^ bnoninaci.i jo 'ox •auoi •O •lAOiAOoOO0> • 00 •MOr.Jc-lOOMlHr-i ; f5 f-i iH • •••••••.• ::::::::: :5i : : : : : : .fci : :5«< ! i : i : : !a ; ;« :::::: loij : :ai ':: = :: :i^ : :^ ji* ::.:::,': . u • • • • • • . . • • " : :^ : : -.rl^ :w • • • • • > : :o :oJ :cli^ :t< CQ '• -zj -tn -Cum •&< q pJ ^ ^ 0H clI CI4 Oh Oh^ Ch cu r-tr-triffl-^Mi-lrHmrHOO CO CM 00 t- s «e'«'»-(irte'ie ■J 0) e So fl a • * •fi • .0 Cm ti ;h CO K 02 t? (1> o H ii Off. Doc. •Si .^ OO..aS C8 M rt a 3^ >^ O ~ CO ej .^ O .M es o- fci.a es o+j .a 3>z;m « • •.. R _ OD 0) .a ♦Jj; c; .s ^ o •M c^ o 9 a o p^a!;<^Knfi ^aic»^'»mfi No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY I8a TABLE NO. 37.— STATE FOREST PLANTING-DIRECT SEED SOWING SUMMARY BY YEARS. Quantity of Seed Used, Area and Costs. Tear. a o 03 &4 cj Species Sown. Quantity. -d o ^ £ 00 o a; 1902, .... 1 1904 1 1905 1 1906 2 1907 1 1908 8 1909 4 1910 8 1911 12 1912, .... 26 1913, .... 11 1914 26 1915 8 Totals, . . 109 Chestnut, Black Walnii Clu'stnnt, Hick. Oak, R. Black Walnu W.P., B.W., W.P., B.W., W.P., B.W., 7 impedes, .. 10 Species, . . 7 Species, . . 8 Species, . . 6 Species, . . t. W., t. Oak 25. 40. 6. 42, 56. 27, 58, 22, 5 ! 0 ' 0 9 ; 0 I 0 ! 33 1 50! 109 278.23 .78 .7 6.0 3.8 2.0 * 47.0 5.6 19.0 4.6 3.25 40.65 14.0 66.68 30.25 21.2 48.25 35.38 39.75 65.51 5.5 39.1 8.0 36.7 6.0 13.3 229.78 333.22 • $6 00 * 9 40 2 85 52 57 80 50 17 43 26 95 87 78 37 68 53 93 27 63 $412 72 $291 00 * 56 27 7 55 90 54 35 78 77 87 114 09 152 54 93 9'^ 89 65 UO 26 $297 00 65 67 10 40 14:{ 11 116 28 93 30 141 04 250 32 1:51 61 143 58 57 89 $78 15 "ii'73* 2 28 3 24 74 49 98 82 36 3 91 4 35 $1,039 48 I $1,452 20 •No data. W.P. White Pine. P.P. Pitch Pine. S.P. Scotch Pine. N.S. Norway Spruce. E.L. European Larch. B.F. Balsam Fir. D.F. Douplas Fir. H. Hemlock. B.W. Black Walnut W.W. White Walnut. KEY TO SPECIES. Ch. Chestnut. w.o. White Oak. RO. Red Oak. CO. Chestnut Oak S.M. Sugar Maple. W.A. White Ash. B.C. Black Cherry Hick. Hickory. Cat. Catalpa. TABLE NO. 38.— STATE FOREST PLANTING— WILLOW CUTTINGS IN HOLTS. SUMMARY BY FORESTS, 1910-15 INCLUSIVE. Forest. « M 1 *» O o o ii 5 a s o '^, H Rear Meadows, 1911 1911-15 1911-12 1910 1911 1912-14 1011-ir, 1911-13 1913 1911 1911 1911 1911 2,000 85,000 4.000 4.000 2,000 22.7.'>0 15.950 6,rM noo 5.000 .^00 l.SOO 1.000 $S 56 Blackwells, 115 13 Buchanan 10 99 Caledonia 26 IS Chatham 9 62 GravR Run .. 115 62 Kiahacoquillaa, 54 61 Pennypacker Promised Land, Rotlirock 19 85 2 39 9 2^ Sla te Run 4 10 Stone n 87 Tea Sprine 5 35 Totals 100,800 $395 52 i » 41 '■» > 184 REPORT OF THE Ofif. Doc. TABLE NO. 39.— STATE FOREST PLANTING— WILLOW CUTTINGS IN HOLTS. SUMMARY BY YEARS. 1 le 611 .a 4-> 4J s o Year. «-l ** o SB O o X) p-4 % B at a o '/: H 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 Totals, 100,800 4,000 $26 18 16,800 85 22 24,000 46 70 8,300 34 81 13,750 98 23 33,950 104 38 $395 52 No. 26. QQ P tf p ^ •J o ^ go O H Eh H a a •i-t DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY 185 •^BAIJJ iMOIHAi pooMpjBh •paxiK •vCjjaiio JioBia •uiia nBdiJaniy •jsnooq iCduoH •JIBO paa 'aidBj^ jBiSng •^nuiBAi JIOBia •qsy 9;mAi 'JU BBl^nOQ HOJBq nBddojna 'aopjdg ifBMJOK •enij qo^id •aujd paa •enid qo^oog •euid a;mAi I 'O 15 1^ M* o ^ I tA ^a u»< fei3 :S :8 S8? i^i :S §35 :^ 1^ ;8 I CO §©e>ift BsN lift «B 2 ®9 moo 0>n Ok CO r5 »HrS N S9 O lAf-) S «-toe Id fifO CO ira tH»4 l^§i Si a CO C0 % 00 • CM 1-te^ 9> 0> 0> • n ~< fl 2 - ?ls ! t86 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. SILVICULTURE AND MENSURATION. This Bureau was established in 1913. Its work, not clearly de- fined at first, has been gradually developed. Careful studies of the duty of the Department involving silviculture and mensuration have been made, an orderly procedure for its Avork has been outlined, and its purpose at present is well defined. With systematic forest devel- opment the Department must have at hand at all times definite data respecting silviculture, protection, utilization and management. The early ocular surveying sufliced but the intensive management of the better developed forest requires more accurate and carefully made surveys in topography and growth. Artificial reforesting of cut-over or otherwise denuded lands has been progressing within the State forests since 1899. Data re- specting the early plantings were not so carefully kept as our present day needs demand, and the same is true of the early nursery data. Under the stress of necessity, the first nurserymen followed definite methods of keeping records. To collect and systematize all these early facts is now deemed a necessity and the development of meth- ods applicable to all forest and nursery conditions has now reached the point where it is believed uniformity may be secured. To know what tlie wood content of a forest is, is now for us as necessary as a knowledge of its land content. Our early notes on forest growth contained insufficient data for the making of stock maps. Our present day growth survey, therefore, will deal with the age class, density, species, and other facts necessary to be known. Records must be systematically kept and as systematically filed and preserved for future use. A method of numbering for forests is em- ployed following the plan used in numbering camp sites adopted some years ago. Each forest is accorded a hundred numbers for its camp sites. As an illustration, the Pennypacker Forest will include all camp site numbers from 3401 to 3500 both inclusive, v The serial number of this forest will, therefore, be 34. All camp sites on the Barree Forest are numbered from 101 to 200 both inclusive. The Barree Forest has, therefore, serial number 1. The Bear Meadows Forest being the one in which numbered camp sites were first de- signated uses the camp site numbers from 1 to 100 inclusive. This forest will bear serial number A-1. The report of the Bureau of Silviculture and Mensuration will deal, for this Department report, with topographic and stock sur- veys, plantations, and nurseries. II I t f t ' I « •■ .1 r t » « Topography of the Jacks Moimtain State Forest. Form for making concrete compartment comer posts, 4x4x24 inches. Side boards removed Twenty posts made at one time. 4> O 4^ 4> « 0) o; 'p.c.'E aaa o o p o o o •«-> -w OS es cs 0) 4) C> O CI I—. ^H "^ .fH ..H I C a « es c3 o O (.< ^ ^ 0004 PuPh *; I* «; aa-l O O 9" o MH .fH 00 ■<-> -MXI d ti 1 OS OS « OhPmO t; f^ 5^ t" <» "-I igggggg '0< ooth-v us th -v us eo ^< 00 ua CJ tH rH N CO fH ?5 uscoe^AMcoooQ OOOOi-HQMMOO'^ eg t- Ol W us 00 rH «0 us0>l-IUSt-0>(fi(O c:c^it>-t-e<5co'VN e^i^o^ooir-ico OOCOOOOOOJt" USoO'^rOf^O>U3 ususottpe^cocooo 00t.USAC0r-9»' rH rH <0 M M >0 ^ 7t* -•3 e a « o 9» . a •0 eg IPI fl OS QO ^ y • fc^ __ w w* vj ' ■ fc a f S J-^-^ S « * O) 4» U— 5 o EH 194 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. SURVEYS. H ! h I The report of the activities of the Division of Surveys for the years 11)14 and 1915, follows; 1914 February 1. A contested camping site in Union county which fohn Rein desired to lease to an Altoona Hunting Club, was sur- veyed in company with Surveyors Hayes and Riehl. The result showed that Mr. Rein was not the owner of the tract in question. March 19. Topographic survey was begun of the Laurel Lake region in the Pine Grove Forest, Cumberland county. The work was in charge of Forester McNeal, assisted by Mustin and Smith. During the survey the question of location of the interior holdings of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company in this forest was worked out, the tracts permanently located and marked with short iron rails. April 7. Extensive repairs to buildings, including grading, re- moval and reconstruction, were undertaken at the group of build- ings in the Pine Grove Forest recently acquired from the South Mountain Mining and Iron Company. April 20. The installation of a water supply system for the DuBois Nursery, Clearfield Forest, was undertaken, the Skinner over-head system being used for the purpose. Distribution is" made with a 3-cylinder Gould pump forcing water through 5 overhead lines of IJ inch pipe. The forester estimates that the spray system saves at least a year in time in the growth of seedling trees. June 15. Surveys and grading were begun for the forester's house about to be erected near Newton Hamilton in the Rothrock Forest. August 17. Survey of the Hopkins Forest was completed and the forester's map is being made. August 23. Survey to correct the location of the Parson lands about to be bought by the Department, was begun. September 14. A survey to determine the location of the Parker tracts near Boalsburg, Centre county, was made with the assistance of Forester Ludwig. September 23. A correction of the confusion arising from earlier surveys of the warrants in Elk township, Tioga county, was made after investigation with Surveyors Dean, Green and Wetzel, assisted by Forester Jerald. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 195 November 5. The building of a system for permanent water supply at Pine Grove Furnace, was begun. December 1. Survey of the Dauphin County Forest was started by Forester Mustin and Surveyor Daniels. The work was interfered with by heavy snows. General surveys which have been in progress for some time were continued throughout the year, and when finished were followed by the making of the new series 'maps. Such surveys were made or continued in the Karthaus Division, Clearfield Forest, made by Charles L. Wetzel, assisted by Forester McNaughton. The Hopkins Forest, Crawford Division and Whetham Division, by Surveyor Wetzel and Forester Ryon. The Loyalsock Division in Lycoming county, by Surveyor Wetzel and Forester Bastian. The Sizerville Division of the Sinnemahoning Forest by Surveyor Andrews and Forester Evans. The Hull Division of the Sinnemahoning Forest by Surveyor Andrews and Forester Perry. The Pocono Division of the Minisink Forest, by Surveyor Schorr and Forester Strobeck. The Pine Grove Forest by Surveyor Tritt and Forester Mustin. The result of the 1914 surveys shows 340 miles of completed boundary lines surveyed and located, at a cost of |25.00 per mile, and an average cost of |23.10 per day. These costs are slightly higher than the cost of surveys in 1909 and 1913, which was $17.60 per day. The increase is accounted for by the general rise in the cost of ma- terials, supplies, boarding, lodging, labor, and teams. The Chief Surveyor suggests that where a State line crosses a prominent highway, a permanent iron line post be prominently set, and that the iron post be buried three feet in the ground, projecting about 5 or 6 feet above ground, to which shall be riveted a flat plate parallel with the direction of the line, the plate to be tarred black with a large white "S" indicating State ownership printed thereon. In the drafting room during this year, the Chief Surveyor was as- sisted by Foresters McNeal, Mustin, Mumma, Keller, Smith. Mr. Mumma devoted his whole time to the topographic and stock survey then in progress. New system maps of original land warrants were created during the year as follows: Map F-3, covering southern Tioga and northern Lycoming coun- ties. Traced by Mustin. Map E-6, northern Centre and southwestern Clinton counties. Connected by Mumma, traced by Keller. Topographic map of the Laurel Lake region in the Pine Grove Forest. McNeal, Mustin, Smith. 196 REPORT OF THE HI Off. Doc. The following forester's maps were completed: 10, Cameron county, Sinnemahoning Forest, Sizerville Division. Mustin. 1-A, Mifflin county, Seven Mt. Forest, Jacks Mt. Division, con- nected by Ranger Middleswarth, traced by Keller. 33, Clearfield Forest, Karthaus Division; McNeal. 40, Clinton county, Whetham Forest, Bobbins, Ferney and Craw- ford Divisions. Constructed by McKeal from Wetzel survey. 42, Lycoming county. Grays Run Forest ; Keller. 43, Lycoming county, Loyalsock Forest; McNeal. In addition to the foregoing work, extra drafting was necessary to keep older maps to date so as to correspond with later surveys, and new data obtained from the foresters and surveyors. Detail maps and drafts were made for the use of surveyors. Search for original warrants and data from the Department of Internal Af- fairs required much effort. When not working over the drafting tables, the assistants were engaged as instument men and assistants in making the actual surveys on the ground. SURVEYS. 1915. For the year 1915, the chief surveyor reports the following sur- veys, general repairs, and construction work. The survey of the McElhattan state forest in Clinton county was begun June 7th with Surveyor Charles L. Wetzel, of Beavertown, in charge, aided by Forester Joseph Hogentogler. This survey was tedious on account of the extended character of the lands. Several changes in camping and boarding places had to be made. It required the running of forty-four miles of very badly mixed up final lines, and almost double that length of preliminary lines. In June the survey of boundary lines of lands purchased in Union county for the use of the Home for Feeble-minded Women was made by the chief surveyor assisted by Forester A. C. Silvius, of Laurel- ton, and a draft thereof was added to the map of that district. In the same month the dispute as to the ownership of the Criss- man lands claimed by T. W. Lauver, was settled in favor of the De- partment upon evidence founded on a survey of the land by the chief surveyor in 191^. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 197 The survey of the Haldeman State forest, known as the "Elder Lands,*' in Dauphin county, was begun in November, 1914, but was discontinued when the heavy ice storm broke so many trees the crews could not get through the tangle of broken trees and brush. This survey was resumed by the chief surveyor, with W. J. Daniel, of Elizabethville, as engineer, assisted by Foresters Mustin, McNeal, Houtz and Leach, and completed this year. Considerable timber cutting by private individuals had been done on these lands, and after the boundary survey was completed the tract was carefully "stumped" and the damage estimated and tabu- lated. This work was completed about August 1st. On June 26th the chief surveyor, with Foresters Bodine and Mus- tin, and Rangers Oppel, Woodside and McCoy, surveyed and marked the compromise lines between the lands claimed by the Department and those claimed by the Patterson heirs, in Juniata county. This dispute has been open for several years, and three separate surveys were made at various times in preparation for a contest in court; but the contestants decided at last to settle upon a compromise line on the summit of Shade Mountain. The line was so run and marked, and is now the recognized boundary between the properties. On October 11th, with the assistance of Forester Meek, of Coburn, the line near the Paddy Mountain tunnel in Centre and Mifflin coun- ties, was re-run to determine the status of claims made by private persons. On October 25th, assisted by Surveyor C. L. Wetzel and Forester John A Bastian, of Loyalsock, the lines of the lands offered by Smith- gall and Fessler, in Lycoming county, were run out, the lines marked and mapped and the areas calculated. November 2d, the chief surveyor accompanied by William A. Moore, surveyor for the Department of Internal Affairs, Charles L. Wetzel, and Forester Max Mtiller, of Hammersley Fork, ran various original lines in Clinton county to determine the exact location of lines of certain lands supposed to be vacant, and applied for by pri- vate persons. A vacancy was found to exist, and, under the law, was granted to the Department by proper patent. Prior to this time Surveyor Wetzel and Forester Mtiller made preliminary surveys in the Tamarack region. November 22d, the Doubling Gap hotel lands having been pur- chased, it was decided to make a complete survey of the lines in order to settle certain questions of title and area. The chief surveyor, with S. D. Mowery, surveyor, of Newville, and Foresters Mustin, Morgan and Baer, began the work and continued it until finished, 198 REPORT OF THE Oflf. Doc. December 23d, after which it was carefully computed for area and mapped. This land was added to the Pennypacker State forest, and is now in charge of Forester Bryner. In this survey about thirty- two miles of final and preliminary lines were run. CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIRS. In March a system of overhead sprinkling was decided upon and installed in the Greenwood nursery, Huntingdon county. It has proved itself a desirable and satisfactory system for watering young seedlings. This system was also established upon a small area of the Mont Alto nursery. Lack of sufficient water head prevented fur- ther installation. This will probably be remedied by using a higher water source in the near future. In April work was begun on the highway at Laurel Dam, Cum- berland county. The old road was objectionable because of a heavy grade over a long, steep hill. The highway now follows a lesser grade, and skirts the beautiful Kheet of water known as Laurel Lake. The rocks encountered in the construction of the road were ex- tremely hard, and required blasting. A heavy fill was made and new bridges built. While at this work the terrible forest fire occurred, which burned several cottages, a farm house and barn, as well as the large ice house at the lake. All the men were engaged in fighting the fire until it was surrounded and under control. COST OF SURVEYS. Forest. • tt 4> 1 a ^^ «1 «t o a 4.* «a ■0 8 ^ ^H ■0 « « ■«-» F-^ o •^4 ^ S -a a MclOlhattan. Haldeinan, , go<5 $40 30 54 80 Drafting Room. The drafting force for 1915, under the supervision and direction of the chief, consisted of the chief surveyor and Foresters McNeal No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 1» and Mustin. Foresters Smith, Keller, Baer and Morgan were em- ployed temporarily. Forester McNeal left the office October 1st, upon being appointed District Forester for Berks county. During the year the following maps were completed: No. 9, Austin State Forest, Forester's map, McNeal. Detail maps, McNeal. No. 44, Bald Eagle State Forest, Forester's map. Smith. D-4, New System Map, Clearfield county. Smith. E-7, New System Map, Clinton county, Keller. Fire triangulation map, including parts of Potter, Tioga, Clinton, and Lycoming counties, Keller. Detail Maps, Morgan. Detail Maps, Baer. No. 27, Pine Grove Forest, Forester's Map, Mustin. No. 27, Pine Grove Forest, Warrant Map, Mustin. No. 26, Caledonia Forest, Forester's Map, Mustin. No. 51, Halderaan Forest, Forester's Map, Mustin. No. 51A, Haldeman Forest, Topographic Map for U. S. G. S. Sheets, Mustin. Detail Maps, Mustin. Pike county folio map, by townships. During the year a new and complete folio map of Pike county, by townships, was constructed and drafted. The townships are shown as at present recognized, and the map includes not only every war- rant that has been issued by the Department of Internal Affairs for Pike county, but also the surveys made on the ground by Frank Schoor for this Department. It is in all probability the most com- plete and correct warrantee map of Pike county in existence. The entire service of Foresters Mustin and McNeal during the year, while not engaged on the work heretofore mentioned, was required in the construction and drafting of this map. This is an innovation in the matter of making county maps, and because of its proved worth and usefulness, this method of con- structing county maps in which there are large areas of State land will likely be continued. The maps made by this Department have been of general public service in matters not directly connected with forestry. They are based upon original data taken from the Department of Internal Affairs and actual surveys on the ground made by the Forestry De- partment. The large and continual number of requests for certain maps in part or as a whole, by owners of contiguous land, hunters, campers, naturalists, and others, indicate the general acceptance and use of the Department maps. Complying with these requests means special work for the Division of Surveys. Provision ought 200 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc to be made for the printing and distribution of the maps. There have been in the past a large number of requests for a map of the State showing State lands. For every such request it was necessary to construct a new map. We, therefore, suggest the lithographing of such maps in sufficient number to meet the demand. In the future it is intended to place line marks where State lines cross public thoroughfares. The iron standard, with boiler plate, flat surface, having a plain black background and white "S," is sug- gested as an inexpensive and practical marker. It would thus be- come a positive land mark known by tourists, hunters, and all per- sons enjoying State land privileges. The cost is small and the up- keep practically nothing. LIGHTNING IN THE STATE FORESTS. Much has lately been said concerning lightning as a cause of forest fires. Lightning undoubtedly does cause "considerable damage to good trees, but the part it plays in the starting of forest fires has never been adequately investigated in this State. Beginning with 1912, the State Foresters were directed to pay special attention to the collection of statistics in regard to the preva- lence of lightning, its effect upon the trees struck, and whether or not ignition followed the stroke; also whether general forest fires, or what might have resulted in general forest fires, followed. The collection of data during the four years last past has accord- ingly proceeded, and to this time the Department is able to give a summary of the facts thus far learned. In the following table the species struck are indicated in the order of their frequency. The count month by month is shown and the total for the four years collected in the last column. With respect to actual fires started from lightning bolts, it is shown that for the four year period, 65 of the lightning bolts actually fired the trees struck. Some of the fires were extinguished by the ac- companying rain and others would have become large and possibly destructive fires had they not been early detected and extinguished. A table showing the fires thus started, by years and species, is also appended. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY LIGHTING REPORT, 1912-1915, INCLUSIVE. 201 s u Species. xa ii >, a >, en a o e > • A o, a o 3 4) o o o « S < S t-a t-s < cc O ^. H Chestnut, Pitch pine, Rock oaic, White pine, ... Hemlock, Red oak, White oak Black oak Locust, Sugar maple, . Gum Hickory, Scarlet oak, ... Pin oak Yellow birch, . Wild cherry, .. Ash, Linden, Beech, Red maple, Tulip Cucumber, Elm Red pine, White birch, .. Walnut, Poplar, Black birch, .. Norway spruce. 17 1 2 1 1 1 41 141 22 58 7 G2 6 S4 8 27 10 22 10 11 6 11 1 15 3 8 1 3 1 3 2 6 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 34 123 412 217 174 59 5 108 133 4 1 60 47 5 3 66 53 6 3 66 45 20 1 48 31 4 1 35 34 4 1 24 16 3 25 16 4 5 3 1 ••••■• 7 8 8 6 9 5 3 1 2 4 i 1 2 ■••••• 3 1 i i 1 i 3 2 1 2 o i i 1 2 2 i 696 58? 113 17 1 656 327 186 169 168 117 95 62 57 24 19 19 16 9 9 8 7 6 D 6 6 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1,984 TREES STRUCK AND IGNITED, 1912-1915 INCLUSIVE. Si>ecie8. White pine, , Hemlock, .... Chestnut, Pitch pine, ., Sugar maple. Oak White maple. Ash Birch Elm, Totals, 1912. 1913 1914. 1915. 7 3 4 2 3 5 8 2 12 3 1 1 8 1 2 2 3 1 * 2 2 1 1 1 18 19 20 8 Total. 23 12 10 7 ft t i 1 1 1 65 FOUGHT FIRE AND FORGOT TO VOTE. Porter township, Pike county, intended to hold a primary election on May 19, 1914. The judge of election, George Miller, was early at his post of duty and after waiting all day no members of the 9»2 REPORT OF THE Ofif. Doc. election board appeared nor any voters to cast their ballots. Of the 13 registered voters in Porter township, the other 12 were busily engaged in fighting fire all that day. TELEPHONE POLES OF GLASS. It is reported that a manufacturing plant near Frankfurt, Ger- many, is making glass poles for telephone and telegraph wires. A frame work of woven wire is first prepared, which is then molded into the body of a glass pole. It is stated that these are taking the place of wooden poles in Germany. The advantage of such poles may be summarized as follows: The material from which they may be made is practically unlimited in quantity. So far as known, they will last indefinitely, barring acci- dent. They are not subject to the effects of the weather nor can they be attacked by insects or fungi. They are non-conductors of electricity. It is further stated that experiments are under way for the making of railroad ties and paving blocks from glass. In the city of Lyons, France, it is reported that a number of streets paved with glass af- ford better resistance to travel than stone and is not so ready a conductor of heat as the granite block. Also, that they are cheaper than granite. Glass telephone and telegraph poles, railroad ties, and paving blocks may in the future assist largely in conserving an enormous quantity of wood required annually for these purposes. SUMMER MEETING OF THE SOCIETY OF EASTERN FOR- ESTERS. On the invitation of the Commissioner of Forestry, the Society of Eastern Foresters held its 1915 summer meeting at the Forest Academy at Mont Alto, July 30th and 31st. The persons present, arranged as in the accompanying illustration, were as follows: '*''.^ ' -' ♦ 4 • A- '^.■• •*• , ••••• .' • T s I— I < a o CO ■«^ CO c a> ■4-i CO «M o O) No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 203 (Upper row, left to right.) R. S. Hosmer, Dean, Cornell Dept. Forestry. Alfred Gaskill, Forester, New Jersey. Robert G. Conklin, Forester, Caledonia State Forest. Dr. H. P. Baker, Dean of N. Y. State College of Forestry. J. S. Illick, Instructor, State Forest Academy. W. G. Conklin, Forester, Pa. Dept. Forestry. G. A. Retan, Instructor, State Forest Academy. Robert S. Conklin, Commissioiner of Forestry, Pennsylvania. John Foley, Forester for Penna. R. R. Co. G. A. Gutches, Ranger School, N. Y. State College of Forestry. H. H. Chapman, Instructor, Yale Forestry School. R. C. Jones, State Forester, Virginia. John M. Briscoe, Professor of Forestry, University of Maine. J. W. Toumey, Director Yale Forestry School. (Lower row, left to right.) Irvin C. Williams, Deputy Commissioner of Forestry, Pennsylvania. E. A. Ziegler, Director, State Forest Academy. Philip W. Ayres, Forester, Society for Protection of New Hampshire Forests. E. C. Hirst, State Forester, New Hampshire. W. O. Filley, State Forester, Connecticut. F. W. Rane, State Forester, Massachusetts. A. F. Hawes, State Forester, Vermont. C. P. Wilber, State Fire Warden, New Jersey. H. R. Bristol, Supt. Woodlands, Chateaugay Ore & Iron Co. R. C. Hawley, Asst. Instructor, Yale Forestry School. W. G. Schwab, Assistant Forester, Maryland. F. W. Besley, State Forester, Maryland. The following persons also were present but are not shown in the picture : Dr. Perley Spaulding, U. S. Bureau Plant Industry. George H. Wirt, Forest Inspector, Pennsylvania. F. W. Beckman, Forester, Altoona, Pa. L. E. Staley, Forester, Mont Alto State Forest. The morning of the first day was spent in a trip to the Old Forge, taken in automobiles over the new forest road. This road was built complete for f 1,710 per mile. Several members of the party remarked on the good construction and serviceability of the road in comparison with its cost. At the Forge the plantations were inspected and the game preserve and the Waynesboro water supply reservoir were ex- 204 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 200 amined. On the return trip the party visited the Sandy Ridge im- provement cuttings, where the Department has thinned a large area of mixed hardwoods at a financial profit and to the advantage of the trees remaining. In the afternoon inspections were made of the Mont Alto nursery, a pitch pine stand underplanted with Norway spruce, and an area of chestnut coppice which is being converted into a white pine forest. The evening was given over to informal discussions, mostly on the problems of the farm woodlot, and to a talk on the white pine blister rust by Dr. Spaulding. The second day was spent on the Caledonia State Forest, with a visit en route to the Ben George forest of yellow pine and hardwood. The items of chief interest at Caledonia were a plantation of white pine and white ash in mixture, the Chambersburg water supply system, experimental plantations made in scrub oak, the fire fighting system, and the forest road to the Sanatorium. At the end of their visit the foresters were unanimous in saying that what they had seen of the practice of real forestry in Pennsyl- vania had been a revelation to them. Below are given several quo- tations which express the general attitude of the body. "I have yet to see State forests in which there exists a better or- ganization of both personnel and material.'^ "The two State Forests which we have just visited approach nearer the forests of Germany, which I have also visited, than any other I have seen in America." "Some States may have a greater acreage of state-owned forest land than Pennsylvania, but I feel sure that none takes better care of its land." "Lest you may care to have it on record, I want to repeat in writing on behalf of the Society of Eastern Foresters what was ex- pressed so freely and fully at Mont Alto, namely, that the Forest Academy and the Pennsylvania Department of Forestry gave the Society one of the most profitable and satisfactory, as well as one of the most pleasant meetings that it ever had. I am sure that no member will fail to mark our Mont Alto meeting with a big red cross." — Alfred Gaskill, Secretary Society of Eastern Foresters. FRANK D. JERALD, STATE FORESTER. June 14, 1883— November 12, 1914. Frank D. Jerald, a forester of the Pennsylvania Department of Forestry, was shot to death in the woods of Lycoming county No- vember, 1914. His wound was received November 11th and he died the following day, November 12th, at the Williamsport Hospital. Frank D. Jerald was a young forester of much promise. He was graduated from the Pennsylvania State Forest Academy in August, 1910. Was married to Janet Zacharias, of Chambersburg, the fol- lowing November, and at the time of his death left to survive him his widow and three little children, Mary, Adelaide and Barbara, the youngest being a little over three months old. The cause of this sad and much to be regretted occurrence was a high power rifle shot received at the hands of Arthur Callahan, a member of a hunting party. Immediately after his wounding Mr. Jerald was removed to the hospital at Williamsport, where at first it was believed he had a chance of recovery, but sank rapidly and lived scarcely a day following his admission. The body of the deceased forester was laid to rest in the family plot in Mansfield cemetery the following Sunday, November 15, 1914, in the presence of a large concourse of friends and his colleagues, members of the Commission, foresters, and rangers of the Pennsyl- vania Forest Service. Immediately thereafter the Department of Forestry called the at- tention of the District Attorney of Lycoming county to the facts of this case. After making an investigation, the District Attorney caused a warrant of arrest to be issued for Callahan, under which he was promptly apprehended and later was indicted on a charge of invol- untary manslaughter, although the coroner's jury had previously discharged him on the ground that it was an unavoidable accident. The trial of the defendant occurred at Williamsport at the suc- ceeding term of court in March, and on March 3, 1915, he was ac- quitted by a jury of his peers. The defence was that a deer had actually been seen in the neighborhood or at the spot at which Cal- lahan fired the shot, and thinking that something white about Jer- ald's clothing was a reappearance of the deer, he fired with the above fatal result. The first mention believed to have been made of this 206 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 28. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. evidence was when the defendant himself went upon the witness stand. The following extracts are taken from a Williamsport newspaper which published a lengthy report of the trial: "The jury came back in about an hour with a verdict ac- quitting Callahan and placing the costs on the county. Calla- han shook hands fervently with his counsel and with a news- paper man and then began pumphandling the right arms of the jurors and pouring out his thanks. The jurors accepted them with smiles and Callahan left court with Harris A. Spotts, his counsel, about the happiest man in Williamsport. "Although Callahan has held all along that he did not shoot carelessly and that he believed that he saw a deer at the time he fired his rifle, he offered to plead nolo contendere at one time. When it was insisted that the case must be brought to trial Callahan and his counsel began the preparation of the vigorous defense which was followed by his acquittal." It is not possible to pass over this case without remarking upon the great difference which exists in the law of this State respecting the unlawful killing of a man and the unlawful killing of a deer. If the object at which Callahan fired had in fact been a male deer without horns, or a doe, and he had killed it, he would then have in- stantly been subjected, upon summary conviction, to the penalties provided by the game laws of this State for such an act. Quoting from Section 18 of the act of May 1, 1909, as amended by the act of May 1, 1913, P. L. page 137, which was the law at the time of the commission of the above offence: -It shall he unlawful for any per- son . , . to kill in any one season more than one deer, which in every mstance shall he a male deer with horns two inches above the hair/' . . . <'Each and every person violating any provision of this section shall he sentenced to pay a penalty of one hundred dol- lars for each offense," Quoting again from Section 31 of the act above cited, it is pro- vided as follows: -Each and every magistrate, alderman, or justice of the peace, on complaint made hefore him hy the affidavit of any person, of a violation of any of the provisions of this act hy any person, is herehy authorized and required to issue a warrant under his hand and seal directed to any constable, police officer, game pro- tector, deputy game protector, or any other officer of the State whose duty It IS to protect the game or tcild birds of the State; and to cause such persons to be brought before him, the said magistrate, aider, man, or justice of the peace, wlio shull hear the evidence and deter- mine the guilt or innocence of the person charged. If the accused be convicted of such offense, he shall be sentenced to pay the penalty prescribed by the section violated, together with costs of suit'' 207 Such is the wonderful speed and celerity with which officers of the law are required to punish summarily those who violate the game laws, and how scandalously different seems to be the case when it comes to the enforcement of the laws enacted for the punishment of those who take human life, intentionally or unintentionally; and, in this case, with a result so widely at variance with that to be ob- tained for the illegal killing of a deer. And in addition to the above railroad speed with which a defend- ant is handled in the case of a game law violation, should he be un- willing or unable to pay his fine and suffer imprisonment instead, all his guns and shooting paraphernalia and other appliances used in violation of the law which are shown to have been in his posses- sion or control at the time of the violation, shall be declared for- feited to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; and should he conceal or attempt to conceal any game so illegally taken, both himself and his property are made subject to the operations of a rigorous search warrant with similar forfeitures to be incurred; and when such violator is arrested icithout warrant in the act of violating any of said laws, all his guns and shooting paraphernalia of every de- scription are seized and held subject to the penalty which is imposed upon him, and the costs, and unless he shall give security for their release, all such forfeited goods shall be sold at public outcry at the place where the conviction was secured. In the case of Callahan, he admitted the killing, but claimed it was mistakenly done and therefore in his opinion unavoidable. In the case of the unlawful deer, that could not and would not have availed him. In the case of the dead man, the slayer was exoner- ated by a coroner's jury and later by "a jury of his peers" in court, while in the case of the unlawful deer he would have paid the fine or served one day in prison for each dollar of fine and costs imposed, and in addition suffered the forfeitures above named. No excuse that it was mistakenly done and therefore unavoidable can be toler- ated in the case of deer killing. How different in the case of man killing ! The above facts are cited simply for the purpose of showing the glaring disparity which seems to exist between the laws made for the protection of sport and those made for the protection of men. In the case of the deer a man must, at his peril, absolutely know what he is firing at. If he makes a mistake the fact that he made one does not help him. It certainly seems to be otherwise in the case of human life. While Mr. Jerald at the time of receiving his wound was a member of a hunting party, the result might easily have been the same had he been nearby in the woods engaged in other 'work. It is as necessary for the foresters and employes of this Department to be in the forest pursuing their daily vocations during the time of 14 M m 208 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. the open deer season as at other periods of the year; but with high power guns and reckless rattleheaded men carrying them, the woods have become a hot bed of danger, such that no employe of this De- partment should be subjected to. There are men who, in the pursuit of their so-called sport, will fire deliberately at any moving or un- usual object, taking a long chance that they may bring down their quarry; but which frequently results in the wounding or killing of a man, just as in this case, and for which the excuse that the offender was mistaken in his conclusion as to what the object was, seems to be all too easily available. The reports of the Game Commission show that in the year 1914, 31 persons in Pennsylvania lost their lives in the woods during the hunting season, and in 1915, 29 persons were similarly killed, while the number of wounded and maimed during the same period was very many times as great. Are we not up to the time when men shall be held to a stricter accountability for the use of fire arms in the hunting season than they have been in the past, and would it not be proper in making such an endeavor, first to banish, in hunting, the use of the high power rifle? What possible reason or justifica- tion is there for the use of a rifle which will kill at a distance of a mile or even farther, when it is known as a matter of experience that it is next to impossible for a hunter to distinguish the deer at which he may lawfully shoot, under conditions usually found in this State, at a distance greater than 200 yards? The death of this promising young forester is lamented by the De- partment and by all his friends. Should his death be the means of assisting to correct what is coming to be recognized as a very great but avoidable evil, even in death he will then have accomplished something for his living friends which, living he might not have been able to do. Frank D. Jerald, our young friend, is dead. A widow mourns. Three little children call for a father who comes not. "And Callahan left court with Harris A. Spotts, his counsel, about the happiest mr- in Williamsport." No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 209 TESTIMONIAL LUNCHEON TO DR. J. T. ROTHROCK, MAY 4, 1914. HISTORICAL. In 1880 a meeting was called in the Hall of the Pennsylvania His- torical Society at Philadelphia to consider the advisability of found- ing an Association for the promotion of Scientific Forestry. To this meeting the Pennsylvania State Forestry Association owes its origin. Realizing the importance of having from the first an active and ef- ficient Secretary, thoroughly versed in the subject of Forestry, which was then an almost unknown science in this country, an ef fort was made to secure Dr. Joseph T. Rothrock, then Professor of Botany at the University of Pennsylvania, as Secretary of the newly formed Association. It was known that he was better qualified than anyone else in Pennsylvania to fill this important position, as he was thoroughly familiar with the condition of our forests, and had had for many years at heart the better care and management of them. After due deliberation Dr. Rothrock decided to accept the appoint- ment, although in so doing he was obliged to resign his professorship and to make financial sacrifices. From that day in 1886 to this, first as Secretary of the Association, later as the first Pennsylvania State Forest Commissioner, and for many years as a member of the State Forestry Reservation Commis- sion, he has devoted his best energies to the Forestry cause, not only in Pennsylvania but in the United States. He has been absolutely untiring in his efforts to interest our people in the paramount neces- sity of a national care of our timber resources. He has insisted, in his own forceful way, at numberless meetings and conventions of all sorts, and in the halls of the Legislature, that our continued pros- perity is closely bound up with the proper care of our woodlands. To him more than to any other man we owe the establishment of the Pennsylvania State Forest Reservations and his teachings and demonstrations have forwarded and supported this policy in other States and in the establishment of the National Forest Reserves. Dr. J. T. Rothrock was the first Commissioner of Forestry in Pennsylvania. He held this office continuously from February 27, 1901 to the first day of June, 1904. Upon resigning his office on the latter date, he was appointed by Governor Pennypacker a member of the State Forestry Reservation Commission, which office he held 14—26—1916 210 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. until December 8, 1913. At that time he desired to relinquish his public duties, tendered his resignation to Governor Tener, and re- tired to private life. The Pennsylvania Forestry Association deeming it wise to give public recognition to the honorable and successful public service rendered by Dr. Rothrock in the cause of forestry, decided to present him with a loving cup at a testimonial luncheon to which the friends of forestry in Pennsylvania and elsewhere might be invited. The luncheon was given at the Harrisburg Club on May 4, 1914 to at- tend which special invitations were sent to the following officials: The Commissioner and Deputy Commissioner of Forestry of Penn- sylvania, and the members of the Forestry Reservation Commis- sion. The United Slates Forester and his associates. The officers, Directors and Advisory Committees of the Following Associations : The Pennsylvania Forestry Association. The Pennsylvania Conservation Association. The American Forestry Association. The National Conservation Association. The National Conservation Congress. The invitation included the members of the above Associations and all persons interested in Forestry and Conservation. The committee chosen to carry the arrangements into effect con- sisted of the following persons: His Excellency, John K. Tener, Governor of Pennsylvania. A. B. Farquhar, President Pennsylvania Conservation Association. Dr. H. S. Drinker, President of American Forestry Association and of Lehigh University. Miss Florence Keen, Advisory Board, Pennsylvania Conservation Association. The Right Reverend James H. Darlington, Bishop of the Diocese of Harrisburg. J. Horace McFarland, President American Civic Association. John Birkinbine, President Pennsylvania Forestry Association. Hon. Robert S. Conklin, Commissioner of Forestry of Pennsylvania. William Russell Smith, Consulting Engineer, Pennsylvania Conserv- ation Association. Dr. Henry M. Fisher, Council, Pennsylvania Forestry Association. Sixty-three persons were present at the luncheon and attached their autographs to the following legend : "The friends of Dr. Joseph Trimble Rothrock have gathered at Harrisburg on this fourth day of May, 1914, to do him honor, and to No. i». DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 211 express by their presence their appreciation of the paramount ser- vices he has rendered to forestry in America. They ask his acceptance of the loving cup presented to him in their behalf by the Governor of Pennsylvania as a symbol and token of the love and veneration in which he is held by his fellow-countrymen for his long continued, patriotic, and disinterested services to his State and country; and they tender to him this their assurance of esteem and affectionate regard." Hon. John Birkinbine, President of the Pennsylvania Forestry As- sociation, presided, and introduced the Governor of the Common- wealth, Hon. John K. Tener, with the following remarks: Your Excellency, Ladies and Gentlemen : It is unnecessary to explain why we meet to-day. Some years ago at a National convention the members of the organization, while parading the streets of Philadelphia, sang the refrain, "We're here because we're here." We may paraphrase this into, "We're here be- cause he's here." I sit at the head of this table and preside at this meeting because my colleagues on the committee felt that it was due to age that they should extend this mark of respect, that is, to age as collaborator with Dr. Rothrock, because he and I can hark back 28 years when we participated in the organization of the Pennsylvania Forestry Asso- ciation. In fact, as a tribute to his good nature, I may say that for 28 years we have served on the same Council without a quarrel. But I dare not reminisce, for a toastmaster is expected to let others speak. Possibly as the meeting proceeds I shall offer other thoughts, but will add to the explanation of my position here that I was one of those privileged to enjoy hearing Dr. Rothrock's Michaux lectures many years ago. It is seldom that so many real friends of one person come together, and this gathering is pleasant for us and it is pleasant for him whom we honor. We are especially gratified and honored that the chief executive of a Commonwealth of seven and one-half million people will leave his official duties to break bread with Dr. Rothrock and his friends. I take pleasure in presenting our Governor, Hon. John K. Tener. The Governor of Pennsylvania in the following well chosen words, then presented the loving cup to Dr. Rothrock : Presentation Address by Hon. John K. Tener. Mr. Chairman, Dr. Rothrock, Ladies and Gentlemen: This gathering has to me a double significance. We are here to honor our friend, and we are here to demonstrate that we believe it is better to give the rose to the living than the wreath to the dead. 212 REt>ORT OF THE Off. Doc. An occasion of this kind is always delightful to me, because I believe that in this life we should by our treatment of our fellowmen and of our associates, so govern our actions that we may demonstrate to him our full appreciation of his goodness and his services. One of the former governors of this State has said that Pennsylvania, potent in her strength and great in her achievements, has been tardy in recog- nizing those who by their efforts have extended her influence; and it is well that you, by your presence here and by this testimonial and tribute to your old friend and associate, should gather as you do. I do not propose to speak of the good Doctor's life, his splendid work, and his great achievements for his community, for the State, and for the Nation. Those who come after me are more conversant with his life and what he has done, but I could not live in Harrisburg and I could not take an interest in State affairs did I not learn, either from per- sonal knowledge or from the lips of others, what the Doctor's life has meant to Pennsylvania. Not only in what he may have done in the conservation work of our forests and forest products and all that relates thereto, but in the example of that splendid life, and there- fore I think this gathering is especially fitting, and I am sure it will always remain with the good Doctor a most pleasant recollection in his after years. It needs not the tangible evidence of your good will, that he should be presented with any token at this time, and yet that he may have such a token as will call forth recollections of this time his friends have seen fit to secure a loving cup, that I might present it and that he might forever after keep it. And, Doctor, I do now, at this time, address myself to you ; and in presenting this cup, which comes freely given, prompted by the hearts and from the purses of your friends, I ask you to accept it as the tangible evidence of the good feeling, the kindliness and friendship of those who are gathered here to-day and of those of your other friends. As you look upon it I hope that its base will represent, as it were, the love and the strength of your friends ; that these handles as they are moulded and welded to the cup shall remind you, in a sense, of the hands and the arms of your friends that are ever out- stretched to you in your time of need, and in support of you in your sorrows; that this cup, the pure metal it contains, we know typifies to us the strength and loyalty and purity of your own character; and as you look into its bowl, that there you will find only the re- flected faces and pleasant smiles of your friends, for the cup con- tains, as it does at this moment, the very best wishes of those present. In response to the presentation address of the Governor, Dr. Roth- rock made the following reply: No. 26. t>Et»ARTMENT OE^ PORES^TRY. m Your Excellency, President Birkinbine, Ladies and Gentlemen : I had learned in an indirect way that some token was to be pre- sented to me on this occasion, but I had no idea that anything of this sort awaited me. It has simply overwhelmed me, and I hardly trust myself to attempt a response. The one thought that is uppermost in my mind is, that those who are present are the ones who really de- serve this memento. I could not have been here to-day but for the co-operation that I have received from the friends of forestry and the contributions from all over this State; and in accepting this splendid token of your friendship and esteem I feel that I ought to accept it simply as its custodian, not as its owner, as the one par- ticular sign of all our thought and work and interest in behalf of the perpetual interests of this great Commonwealth. I feel that it be- longs to us all; and while it has been delivered to me I accept it as its custodian, to turn it over to those who succeed me as a sacred trust in memory of those who have been pioneers in forestry and con- servation in this country. It is an emblem to mark a point of prog- ress in this great work. It is useless to hope for a perpetual era of prosperity in our country if we neglect that upon which our pros- perity depends; for out of the soil, in one shape or other, all of our prosperity must come. There are many things I would like to say in this connection. I accept this token as its custodian. I thank you for it; and I would, just for a moment, if you will indulge me, like to read a brief statement which I have prepared, and which I think may express my thoughts more directly and more clearly than I could otherwise trust myself to do. Conservation, including forestry, has become fixed as a policy of this and of many other States. The principle of taking care of what we have is so safe and so necessary, that no one calls it in question to-day. Of course, the details differ with the locality, and each State may recognize methods as specially adapted to its needs ! What concerns us to-day is, by what means Pennsylvania has been led to take a first place in this widely extended movement. It is a long story, for it dates back to the days when William Penn was laying the foundations of the Commonwealth. Humphrey Mar- shall recognized its importance in 1785. Governor Geary also had distinct ideas upon the subject, as had also Governor Hartranft. In the early seventies of 1800, Hon. Richard J. Haldeman, representing Pennsylvania in our National Congress, made a most effective ad- dress in Washington upon the question of forestry. For the period of its delivery it was a clear statement of an urgent need, unsurpassed by any American utterance before and by but few since that time. For thirty years each Governor of the Commonwealth has been ac- tively interested in and helped to direct public opinion and legisla- tion to the firm foundation on which our State forestry now stands. 214 REPORT OF THE Oflf. Doc. The actual constructive forestry work began in 1893. Governors Pattison, Hastings, Stone, Pennypacker, and Stuart, each made new and substantial additions to our forestry code, suggesting and ap- proving measures to and from friendly Legislatures, just as fast as public sentiment matured and the finances of the State allowed. Now and here is the proper time and place to direct attention, your Ex- cellency, to the constructive forestry measures which have marked your administration. The birth of new ideas is often slow, and their adoption as a part of the permanent policy of the State may require time, but the consensus of opinion appears to be that the three Auxiliary Forest Bills which you approved mark an era in Pennsyl- vania forestry, and that they will make it possible for a private citi- zen to grow timber, which the State greatly needs, without injury to any. other interest or without impoverishing himself. Along side of these measures in their beneficent tendencies, one may well place the acts which now open the forest reserves to the citizens of the State. The only way to secure intelligent co-opera- tion on the part of our citizens, with the forest reserve authorities, is to give the people an actual interest in these reserves. Governor Stone stated the proper relation when he announced that "the State forests were to be the outing grounds of the people" — as they readily can be without injury to the growing timber. New York State recog- nized this years ago. When the Adirondack forest reserve was set apart for the use of the people of New York it was a long step in ad- vance. The Pennsylvania Forestry Association entered the field in 1886 and has, during all these years, been a steady support and directing force in formation of public sentiment and in obtaining wise legisla- tion. It began its work when forestry was synonomous with senti- ment and not highly esteemed by many men of an exclusively practi- cal turn of mind ; love of home, of parents, of country, are largely sentiment, but, nevertheless, the most powerful incentives to right living and to productive effort for public good. It is impossible here to name the host of our members who have worked zealously and effectively in the forestry interests. The American Civic Association, The Pennsylvania Conservation Association, The American Forestry Association, and The State Federation of Pensylvania Women, as a body and in the various clubs, have labored with us for the common cause of conservation. Our memberships largely interlock, for there is much in common to all. It is safe to say that but for the combined efforts of all, the most important forestry measures could not have been passed by our last Legislature. Nor could they have become laws without the ap- proval of our Governor. I owe, and those who come after us will owe, a large debt of grati- tude to Presidents Birkinbine, McFarland, Drinker, and Farquhar, No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 215 representing the various organizations, for the constant support and steady co-operation they have given to the important elements in the vast, varied conservation problem. I cannot pass by without a sincere and affectionate tribute to the zeal, integrity and efficiency of those with whom I have had the honor of association in the labors and deliberations of the Forestry Com- mission. Nor can I fail to speak of the splendid body of young men —the foresters— into whose care our forest reserves have passed I regret that the necessities of this occasion require me to make any allusions to myself. But I cannot be so unnatural as to make no sign of my profound appreciation of the honor you have done me- nor can I, on the other hand, fail to state explicitly and sincerely' that but for the combined help of many others, each of whom I would like to name, I could have had no case in this court. The only claim I can make is, I have loved the work in the forestry interests and I have tried to do the very best I could. There is no marvel in it. Forests were everywhere in sight of my early home. It was to them I fled for health, and I may almost say for life itself. Year by year I saw them disappearing and much of the ground on which they stood abandoned, until thousands of square miles in Pennsylvania had become unproductive. Then, after seeing what Germany did with her waste land, I resolved to go home and spend the rest of my life as a forest missionary, simply because I could think of nothing else in which I could be of so much use. I realized my limitations and was satisfied to remain within the boun- daries they fixed. That you, as I near the end of my life, have seen fit to view with approval what I have tried to do, is to me a great satisfaction. And I humbly trust it may serve to assure others that well-meant endeavors are likely to be appreciated by the best and wisest of their fellow men. In recognizing my great indebtedness to the friends of conservation in general, permit me, I beg of you, to make the further admission that there have been times when the success of cherished plans seemed to be hopeless, or in the distant future. But for the steady aid and encouragement of my life companion, my safe adviser, my wife, faith in victory, I fear, would have failed me. The best that I can say for myself, at such times, is, that I am her contribution to the forestry work in Pennsylvania. I thank you, my friends, for this gathering in of the advocates of conservation in all of its aspects, and I thank you for the loving cup. The memory of each will last as long as I do, and I am sure will be cherished by my family when I have ceased to labor in the cause we all have at heart, after I have crossed the "great divide.*' Mr. A. B. Farquhar, President of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and Dr. Uenrx S. Drinker, President of Lehigh Univer- 216 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 3ity, were then called upon and responded with the following ad- dresses : Address of Mr. A. B. Farquhar. We are met here to-day to pay a tribute to our friend, Pennsyl- vania's Grand Old Man, Dr. Rothrock, whom we all love, and to offer him a loving cup with inscription and an enclosure. But that is merely a token of our appreciation and respect and love. Seventy years ago, when I was a boy, I was asked by my mother to take a bunch of flowers to an old uncle, with a message of love; and ^hen I gave them to him he said, "When a message of love comes with a bunch of flowers or a big round apple, I always know it is sincere." This token will prove to the Doctor that we are sincere. He speaks of using it for the benefit of the State, but the cup is given him for himself and his seed forever ; and the enclosure is for his benefit and that of his wife, to be used for their comfort, recreation and pleasure. It was given with that understanding. I mention this because he would always prefer to give his time, labor and money for others than use it for himself. I have been familiar with Dr. Rothrock's work for many years, but never had an opportunity of seeing him till long afterward. We em- braced when we met, and after talking together five minutes we felt we had been companions for a lifetime. The influence of such a man is permanent, for it is founded on truth and sincerity and tenderness. He is a child of nature, and his very presence brings sunshine and the fragrance of the woods and the flowers, and the song of the birds, and makes one happier and better. I know I have felt his influence as an inspiration to well doing. There is really a good deal in love, as the poet expresses it ; and I am still fond of poetry, though some of my friends make fun of me for it. I was told that I would never be a success in business, that I was too romantic, but this has never seemed to interfere with it. As the Governor remarked, "it is better to sprinkle a few flowers on the head of a man while living than on the grave after he is dead." But as said before, we are here because we love Dr. Rothrock. In the words of a great poet: "Ivove indeed is light from God, A spark of that immortal fire. Which angels share, by Allah given. To lift from earth all low desire. Devotion wafts the mind above. But Heaven itself descends in love; A feeling from the God-head caught. To wean from self all sordid thought; A ray of Him who formed the whole, ^ glory circling round the sou^.' 217 No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. Address of Dr. Henry S. Drinker. Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen : I am glad to respond to the call of my old friend, John Birkinbine whom I have known for more years, as the lawyers say, than "the mind of man runneth to the contrary notwithstanding:" and though he does claim to be our senior here, I think I can perhaps say that in all this gathering I am the one (aside from those who are nearest and dearest to him) who has known Dr. Rothrock the longest When I went to Wilkes-Barre in 1871 as a young engineer, to work in the coal mines. Dr. Rothrock was there, a practicing physician; and it was my privilege then to form a friendship that has endured through all these years, and in these later days it has been my happiness to sit at his feet and to learn from him of the beauties of the Forestry Cult to which he has been so long devoted. This is a very remarkable gathering, fellow citizens of America We have men and women present who have come from far and near and we are actually here for neither business nor politics, which are so generally the moving motives for action with our people. We are here for the expression of a sentiment. I believe in sentiment. I believe that sentiment is one of the great dynamic forces of the world • It IS in evidence here, for we gather to-day solely to pay honor to a man who has given to our young people one of the greatest lessons of unselfish service our country has ever known. Dr. Rothrock might have distinguished himself in any line of work he elected to take up- ~-a gentleman-a cultured man-a college bred man-a man of great abihty-he chose to devote himself, for the love of country and of duty and of service, to one of the most unremunerative, and yet one of the most useful careers possible, in the pursuit of which he has given so much and received so little. And to-day, as Mr. William Russell Smith, by whom I am sitting, so well said to me a few mo- ments ago, "We are here not to celebrate the ending of a great career but to note a phase of that career- the changing from one line of service to a greater and broader one." Dr. Rothrock, we are here to assure you— and you know the assurance springs from the very bot- tom of our hearts— how much we love and honor you, and look up to you, and how greatly we realize we are indebted to you for what you have done for our young men and women by your example, and for what you have done for our State and country by your work. The Commissioner of Forestry, who succeeded Dr. Rothrock in that office on June 1, 1904, then delivered the following address: To express adequately in words the feelings which ought to be uttered on an occasion like this, I fear is beyond me. An assemblage of this character, gathered for the purpose of paying honor to a 218 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. gentleman willing to devote the major portion of his life to a useful and capable service, is sufficient expression of what might be most fittingly said. To have been the successor of Dr. Kothrock in the office of Commis- sioner of Forestry is by me esteemed in a manner far higher than I feel I am capable of expressing. The man who won the fight for forestry in Pennsylvania; who laid its broad foundations so well; and who, while he filled that office, adhered so admirably to the principles for which he contended, makes it difficult for his successor to reach, or, indeed, in any way make a near approach to the high mark of his acliievement. As the head of the Department which he founded, it has always been my aim to follow the well known lines pursued by Dr. Rothrock. I have felt it entirely safe to guide myself by such a compass, and the longer I serve in this capacity it is im- pressed upon me that to continue adherence to the ideals, the lessons of the achievement, and the lines of endeavor which were pursued by him, is the safest and most righteous course which may be adopted in the conduct of the affairs of the Department of Forestry. We regret that Dr. Rothrock has seen fit to lay down the burden of this work, and we rejoice at the same time. We regret it because Pennsylvania and the cause of forestry see their most valiant cham- pion retire; and we rejoice because in entering upon this retirement we know he is doing so in justice to himself, to his family, and to the great record which it has been his good fortune to write for him- self while serving the people in a public capacity. He unquestionably has a right to expect younger persons now to shoulder that burden and carry it for him— the burden which for many years was carried by him alone, or nearly so, when helping hands were few in number and words expressive of cheer and encouragement were most con- spicuous by their absence. We rejoice with Dr. Rothrock to-day that in the fullness of his years there are spared to him the keenness of his perceptive faculties, his vigorous mind, and his physical health little or not at all impaired by reason of the service which he has performed for all of us. We rejoice with the members of his family that again they are to receive him into their midst as of old, free from the worries of public affairs, prepared to enjoy with them the richest, the most fruitful, and probably the most highly appreciated period of his life; and, in expressing for him and for them our feelings of good fellowship, let us do so in the hope that these years may be filled with the accumulated joys of a career which has brought for the enlightenment of others such useful lessons, such high regard for patriotic duty, such manifest devotion to proper ideals which shall not be lost from among us for generations to come. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 219 The inscription on the Rothrock loving cup is as follows : "PRE- SENTED TO DR. JOSEPH TRIMBLE ROTHROCK by his friends and Associates, his disciples in forestry, in token of their love and admiration for and their appreciation of the great services he has rendered to the State of Pennsylvania and to the whole country by his long continued, unselfish, and patriotic devotion to forestry in America, in which, originally a pioneer, he has ever been a teacher and leader. 1914." \i 220 o» I t m REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 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Doc. •PPB JO loqooiv JO am^oBjnaBoi eq^ u\ pdsa spjoo jo jaqcunij •pooM dind SB pasn spjoo jo jaquin>^ 'pdiaed }(JBq JO spjoo JO jeqain»^ '(8ldBm 'qoiiq 'qoseq) )nD spooM jaq^o (ajti -BBdoi pjBoq) ^aaj jo Jdqoin^ jno ifooiaiaq (djn -SBdoi pjBoq) )93j JO Jdqcanx *)n3 eaid a^m^ (^J" -svdoi pjBoq) )9dj JO jaquin^^ '89iH)d -jnd SninijBj joj pasn dq o) JdAO )nd sdJOB JO jaquinj^ *jdAO ^no 6dJ3B JO jaqmnii; I I 0> M ilSIS *a ^ SB CO 00 s §s (0 (O |s|g 00 94 CM n i S5S<8k8 585 iOaoocc :?:sa «5 © © O O ll5 «C < >irt I— Noo-*< 100 o>< SSogl "♦ t- ob «6 i-i W^ 8?3 lot- "I s e>oot^ 88S5: S:S 8i8«S88 Jh :* 35 oo -*< tH i-H w"5 ecus i-H ©00 iw ©b- a-^ R :S ■ oo §1 5fe . © >Oi©©< > 00 »-«M T-t . Irt «-l rl 1-H ■* . iH 0> evl 9) CJ . rlrH I- R i'^^SSgS iSir- i-'^SI^g^S- :IS§^ :-S5 :S M> lrtOQC-4'*'rtOO I.-. OitDojt»5,_,«£©OJui«Clfc< ^•^ lA knc^ © ^< N 0> frl oo M ^ o _r - 'O - a — c ^ — * o 3 9 2J•^ •<«<•<]pQeQpQ««pQpQOCJuvct>ooouoQOwwfcfefcfooW No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 223 «8 <3i • -^9 \ ;W ?3 • •§« • -t^ • CO n'- 6.600 sa 3 : :^S : : S3 :S ^Sg §8 kO rj §^5 S ^s S5=§5 . R N t- r-4 « ■* 85 Us w >*< CO© »6C- o^88oSSor-iSSS88 (©O o> l^l >(M i-H 00 tp 1-- © t- < cot-oorHiAeoeoMs>i~©© e<])Ar-t<& m ■«• s ^ ii^'^ : is: S^ .©^©©2TiCii«5r-(t-©t~ *. >ft*?H oj (jT^ P t^ lA ri t-*5£ .e5t-r-lt-a>t-U3MirOif3© : I'-S^ 0> ©©o© lo irt o© M lA © «r> O.sCt- :fe^ • • • <5 S •* ^d'Sf S* • • * • • • §,s©o •oo©0'*©o©5j»SQS '-'SS«2 •<- 4 "a '-'*'-' -T W £j <5 S N «?■* © CO ?s S5g«$;S*8*S| ig^S : ^ t:a r-t 85tH r^'-'iH»-<<6 ^ |gi«§si«§§iS5«5S|gg es]0>»9 i-tT-< *e>'*oe5ot-cooeoo<£>o>3MMaO'««< CO • ■ • • • • • • • ill -9 a j^ (3 « 0 * a :5 ataa '^ ■ 41 O O 89 a . a> a a . ; « a . a ••o 15 224 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 225 I a a o O I Oi o O H H H •spooM JOqjo •^nujsoqo •\no ijco •;nD enjd jeqjo jo Mon9i •s^H pBOJHBj JOJ ;no (ajn -SBdui pjBoq) ;aaj jo joqtunx •8(Ioj-l O «£l ^ o_-* iS fri bo S SS lA S S o 8 2 J>! 2 s; ;3! >fi 3 «£>*i« «3 io"(m"o w'oito o ift't-* ^1* ;s: > t-< ) t- ift e<5 < > Oco !>• M tr « «C s'' » l-t tOOJ r-ICO M a 00 >00< 5^ 2 "5*' 'OOi-ie<5oo«oo5-« M lO O 8 leii ;»?: O <4 ?ft o lO < >iA rl C00 lAOOrHN IA06 (A 00 o 00 ss" ; jgi § Ol '0< 8 :|||jS'«S3« :'*'S2?^*i;?S • !>• •V r4 , e^^ ,_, §1 00 Ml- ;g ,;p CI cjj 1" CO • CC n' I ■• rH ^< •-■ O) O . to ;^ m e m •c 5 »i. 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Ha . sSfc • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 'O * • • • o * • h • <=» ti : " 1* o P 3 3 .^ a : . a •a • ♦- • OJ ^ h, CO e« a> N :a • o ■ 6C T3 s £5? -ti-S^S r * oTS sx) ^:2 cbfio 2 C <« >>M c-g 15—26—1916 226 REPORT OF THE Oflf. Doc. •^no 3JB0 (ojn -SBara pjBoq) ^ao; ;o aequiii^ 00 CM OJ CO 1 CM < >o< t-H S O in COoo Cl 00 < Or-t< CO 00 00 OOOt^ >to t^25S cot I- 05 o o th «e CO 1-1 ?2£2P^*^ooou5ojt^o>coco c» MiH ;lOi-HHSt>00^ 11 1- 00 o W5 d S eidBoi puB qoajq 'qoaeq (om -BBeui pjBoq) ;ad; jo joqiuu^ •»no :»nu;seqo (eati -BBdoi pjBoq) ;dej jo aaquiii>i -UBOui pjBoq) :ioo} jo jamming; •»no i[ooiaidii (9jn -sBara pjBoq) ^oaj jo aaqmn^ •;n3 aujd a^iqM (aan -BB9UI pjBoq) :»aaj jo jaquiu>j 'BdBOd -and Sinnijvj jo; pasn aq 01 jdAO jno sajoB jo jaqoin^j ■jaAO ^no sajov jo jaqmn^i r - • • . . ooi-tC-CQ'Vrtc^t-^ . M 00 1- CO on rS "^ j:^ f» f.H e>n to coco ri < - ^ , , CO 00 t* CO OO l/> CO Nco \ I • • • • • • • • » • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ■ ft • No. 26. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 227 S'OOC lOOC 1 t- QO ■ > to ooo< :3;^ >itf>Q«0«DO< >00 r-t08rH*00 • 0>T-lt0»H'^O0000r-IU5«000t>: .a>t-o«oe>40oo«c)t-inrHc^po kO O • '^ '<<• 00 ■<•< i-tOOrH T-t«DrHU3 LO i^ oo c^ o C> !i> 00 (i> » • coe^qjoocprt^ioooirsroirtc^i r-T^i oj • ?J t-t-*ec iH c4 04 00 t- «0 C4 ^ CO 00 M lO r-l r-* tH to :8: >00< » «> O C^l o o < e<9t- wsth • • OiOi-t" • rH CO t-< •COOOt I ■»»« 0> M O Q O liO •13 •CO oo • t-go •lAO >lrtOO> )iHO<" §e>3io»H©oo oO'l rtiftoOiH r-( a> •«*" iH t- ao COOC^N 00 lO o eoo< oo<_ • N©r-lOO • CO lo r-co I0>t-0 .MOlOWr-IOtOC^OO fr4 . iH m irt c^l 00 < >t^Ooo ■ Sooooto oooto -"f ' ci o lo o to a» Uir-tCO .0t^«00>0 OCOtOCOOO to Ot-CM 00< - - -— 3lO^-^oooolrtOO'^'< iri r-( iH i-H to rH^Cv|< tA o>o . U5 to xf 0> CO < ■ r-tua r-l to CO a T-t i-> CO S3 8 CO §000 dk • • • o t- ■«»<00 C-i 00 CO to< CO 00 too 04fH >ao< >o>< I fo ^ o liHOrH • • NCvl • • Sl?*^'^ rH«PQ9C^O loeooocoo ■««• CO CM 5 •«»' o lO CO 00 liO •^ oo * O T-t M (3> i-t lO ©•«4 CO CO C-l • O I lOfHOi -oo; • to C ■ u)ooo:^<3>iaqOoo ■ t-oooQc^t-.tootooo ■ COr-lOOOrHkAiAOtOOO ". OJoitOC^IUStOC^OOJ csj a> a> to t~ rH to t- I IM CO to t- ■* CO CO 04 coeqoo g e^ coo-*o OJOCOO OOOCOCO oiifli-T SCOt«- CO v> OOQ to Ol CNl coo o ■^ < > COfH C^ < t--^00»tOOO>COt-U5tO o>too»r?'-ioo'^c>»tooco CO N'3>OkO0>O>t-.t-( AlHkOiHtOeMOO^^CMCOkOCMOC ^ e9( '^C4 V tA( •^lOOr-lJ to e<0 00 «0 00 1- 1- CO ^ b- «D ^ •* • O cO »a 00 »-• CO dh iH 0> e<» tr C4 t- t- CO OT Sot^-yoOevllOOiScOlrtOW . N CO rH u5 00 00 K r- 5J <-! to 00 ■«*• * fi CO ^^c^uakOCMcoA ficof-i .oo5cos4«T>oa>t--*cooO'*4rtOtO'.t< f-tkoe.t»L».>i? li 228 REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. ■s <3 I I— t P o o Q E-i 3 P •sajod qdBjaaid) joj ^no (ean -Buani pjBoq) :»aaj jo aaquinjij rfggg •Boi; pBOJiiBJ joj ;no (ajn -8B91U pjBoq) ;ae/ jo jaqnin^ • CO •to «OOiH Mteeo tH«* 8; 00 o .'§ 5S :«gogt>gco " • iHC^ CO Si s So .09 . . 8o«eQcooo _ . , ., ^ '?'SS*°0O'-'<00500ir3 )t-00«0«DTt«00lrtO«0l0 «*^eqOMOO .< >C<5'*0 OO >ooo© •^•^t" 8"§»ISIS>i|s'«SSgipii§ ;i§gss| :s CM l-t ^co to <«, -BBaui pjBoq) ^9oj JO jaquiiifij rSSSS •OC^IIO t- •OOr-IO us •tHOO •OOO • oooo" • ooS •00 r-t ;^ ■ CO CO •coo •jnD POOM pjoo JO spaoo JO jaqoinu [b^ox t-eoiotooo o •"♦•ooevi foooo 00 •^ b- lO U5 00 ^ t- 00 £0 la't-' r-T CO in 00 00 eg iH -co • -^p • t- •00 •(O *co •CJ •OJ 'eo o •»HOo irt • OS ■^ .CO0OC0.-liHCO lO COrH •PPB JO loqoaiB JO 3Jn)0BjnuBui aq; uj pesn spaoo jo jaquinf^ POOAV dind BB pasn spjoo jo jaquinf^ 8 : : :fe iH . . .§ :^g • • • • . . .Cm •i-1»J9 rH a : :S5?§8!a'« eou3 •5? . ! in •— • 'Ci to too 00 CM ••*00 -Ift 00 CO .U5 >W •t-OOfO .r4 ■ t~ 1H .^ ' OOrHO 'to ooS •♦CVI • «e .o «< ••H .* .j • CO • • ^ •paiaart JiaBq JO spjoo jo aeqiun^j C4 CM •h-oe^oof- ■O) 0> t^ a> rH cq s ')no spooAi Jdq^o (ajn -BB9UI pasoq) jaaj jo jaquinj«j U5 O ■V 00 tO< Cvl US O ^J< CO ■ OOeOtOrH t IPS fO us 00 t-U5 00 CvirH CO \o fO us Oi Soesi c:oo> us 00*00* • o< ■ CM! • us; • of • o» • CO )C0 >ro ICO oTt- O) T-( CO ^eo siiii :ii^55??s8s o» «> cc e^ius • t» ""! ci 00 r— . Qo >M(e 0) us < >Oo t— tH < > e^i Tp fH r-i < «i;t— .OO ^''t^OlOWrH^ us >0> lUS • us O 00 ^" CO T»« I • ••••• • ••••« • ••••• • ••••• • •••*• • • « • > • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • No. 28. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. 229 OO si 5§5 use ss o us t-e «eo CO t~c5 us 00 o us C-l o o 00 us O CO Its 0-« o cc*«o to CO to us CO Irt USUS rH iH C-4 c-7 Pit~'0 to t-'*' o t-usoo to O to 1-1 to us to C4 us CMC* cooo c; to->«< o c^i ■^ usoo i-Tc^T >o< >o< US0> •.»< 00 CMusocM OtOcO OM c4 to'rH us CO oo-^ i-H 00 M CM CO CM 00^ OM 00 r-IO t- •^P too* US T»< CO 00 to th to '*e^» ■OO ■ CS 00 • I- 00 us b- t OOO oot- o< ■»>< O) O to o o c^ < " ' O i-H ■«t«0 us < >ooooo 8^S O ■«< Cv| O 00 i-( iH •tOtOUSUSUSUSCCOOOO0>t-T-(U5t-U5 .Ot~-ootooocot-.iotoooeMusoo-»»«c4e^ •to ■* iH 0> us ■»»< 4m •* us irt O CO us !>• t- •Tj.' iHtH rH e^rrHC^COCOeMV 00 00 00 o> O to 00 OO OO c— o too " ' CO 00 Ui MOtOO COtO «o< lO too to > lH 0> t- 00 IfS to-"*" •oo-^to • O us ifS to • o to tOi-t CO us USO 0000 CO CM coo -OOiHCOCO itsi-ioo-g't--»ooto -rjcsi-^fus CM USOrHUSUS USO> • r-i-^ I OS CM CO to' fi CM I 00 t- TH . eo'cot-^ o> CM CM CM o o> ous< NO us ODO .OS us ■ 00 O r-i • !-• e<4 on c-i Ci c;s toe's 8 : iHO r-it- COr-t USJ g8 o>o> kOCO . HOO to 00 us tp ususo o iH'* CMtH o>co CO l^OUStOCM ^ rH 00 I- O CM C'-l 00 O 00 »-( iH O CM CM N 38 6MUS 00 nusootoooccusTj" S')CitOOtO'»t*r-('«>«eM rHOi-11-.eMUSUSOOC- th -.r e^J CO O »-• CMOCM iH C0O> •^iH us s CO of ss o 00 CO (O o 00 3 oooo tool COtO'^ COCOi CMt- tOl to CI C4(0 us i(s m o to t- us t>CM 0> CO r^cooeou3t-cof-if-u5«» SOO O O to OO to to CO»-HUSO0 CM 00 ust— us us CO USi-H 00 ^- CO ^ 00 o us ^s c^ CM CM C^ US CO t-o « rH rH t-O to to rHus^eo oiNuste o^ 3 us I ) t— OJ o > t— CM us tOCOOJt-i CO .-tl-ICO CM ooooooo£0 000'-H0C<500 USOCMCO'^OtOuS© •.f'oo'oi o CO o »::j t-^o CMUS.HOC'^ClCOtOeM us CM ^ 'J" ■^ CM T-Toj tOf— O O OO to ' - oi o o a; c; .-I • o usoo tO' «?g u; €■);■; CS COCM CM coocth-;tt— oOOJOC^i-iOuSOt- CM 00 -V CO I- CM t- ^ ". O ■««< to o» O l.O CM t^ cot- O CO CM t- tH .-I rH us CO CM CM CO cTV >«M< ; ro< : C0< • 200000 > O O o o o o >usous © Ot- 8 us to 1-t to CO to ' ■'I i, 230 KEPOHT OF THE Oflf. Doc. OBIFICIAL DOCUMENT. No. 26. VALUE OF PENNSYLVANIA'S FOREST PRODUCTS FOR 1915. II II) The timber cut figures which follow are taken from the table printed above. The values are taken from a table compiled by the Pennsylvania Department of Forestry and the Federal Forest Serv- ice. Lumber values are for rough lumber f.o.b. mill. Values for forest products other than lumber are f.o.b. shipping point. White pine, 24,628,000 Ft. B .M., @ $21.33 per M., $525 315 00 Hemlock, 161,343,000 Ft. B. M., @ $15.41 per M., 2 486 295 00 Yellow and other pine, 10,880,000 Ft. B. M., @ $13.87 per M., .... 'mm 00 Oak, 61,546,000 Ft. B. M., @ $19.52 per M., i 201*387 00 Chestnut, 31,646,000 Ft. B. M. @ $16.29 per M., .'..** '515*513 no Beech, Birch and Maple, 122,591,000 Ft. B, M., @ $15.52 per M., 1 902*612 00 Miscellaneous, 53,616,000 Ft. B. M., @ $14.00 per M., '750*624 04 Mine props, 97,021,000 Ft. B. M., @ $8.00 per M,, 776 168 00 Poles. 7,785,000 Ft. B. M., @ $10.00 per M., 77*850 00 Oordwood, 435,940 cords, @ $3.00 per cord, ../ j 307*820 00 Bark, 85,960 cords, @ $11.00 per cord '945 560 00 Ties, 86,109,000 Ft. B. M., or 2,066,616 ties, @ $0.40 each,..'.'.'!.'.'!.' 826,'646 00 Total value forest products for 1915, $11,466 695 00 INDEX. A. Page. Ao Bilger, Charles, timber sales, ' ^1 Black Forest— Report of nursery, lofl Receipts , j« Forester's report, * * go Summary of work, ^^ Blackwells Forest ... Receipts , 2_ Forester's report, 33 Summary of work « a Bodine,^ A. W., " ' ®*' Bonawitz, F. A. , Commonwealth vs JI Brumbaugh Forest— Receipts, oc- Forester's report, 03 Summary of work , «^ Buchanan Forest, ' , , 161 Receipts , ^ Forester's report , «« Summary of work , «^ Bulfalo Forest— Report of nursery lofi Receipts, 25 Forester's report „„ Summary of work , gn Buildings , new construction and repairs , leases for occupancy: Bear Meadows Black, Z ' CO Buchanan ' " ' ^f '"":"'? .■.'.■.■.'.■.■.■.■.':::; : : : ; : : : ; : ; : : ; ; ; 89.90 Clearfield , ' Qf? I'^^^^ooa • • g^33 Hopkins, ^^ KishacoQuillas , ^ Lackawanna Medix Minisink Mont Alto McClure , Nittany '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 00 Ole Bull .*.'.*.*.'.'.'.'.'.'.' 89 Pennypacker * * ^^ Pine II ' • go Pine Grove l'"T--:-\ .;;;■.:;;:":::::::::::::: 88.89 Promised Land , gg Rothrock, * * ' Qq Seven Mountain , ^1 westfaii, '*'''**'^!!!!! !!!!!!;;"" It Bureau of Forest Protection , report of Butler, E. H. , right of way, '■■•................. gg Butz. Howard E., contract «« 97 No. 26. INDEX. ^ C. Page. Caledonia Forest — Forester's map , 199 Forester's report , 33 Nursery report , 127 • Ranger station, Willow Grove, new, 17 Receipts , 25 Summary of work , 60 Callahan , Arthur , arrest and acquittal of , 205 Camp Sites , method of numbering 186 Camps , permanent , 26 temporary permits , 32 Caprio & Grieco , right of way , 98 Central Pennsylvania Forest Fire Protective Association, 16 Central Penna. Lumber Co. , right of way 94-98-99 Chambersburg & Gettysburg Electric Railway Co., right of way, 97 Chambersburg Water Lease 79 Cobean , Chas. H. , 16 Chatham Forest — Receipts , 25 Forester's report ' 33 Nursery report , 127 Summary of work 60 Clearfield Forest — Forester's report , 33 Receipts , 25 Nursery, cost per thousand for seedlings. 125 financial statement for 1914 124 report of , 124 seedlings shipped to individuals, 1915,.. 156 seedlings shipped to State Forests, 1914, 141 seedlings shipped to State Forests, 1915, 150 water system , 124 Summary of work, 60 Clinton , Francis M. , timber sales , 91 Olouse , L. A. , contract , 98 Comiparison of law for killing man and killing game, 206 Conference on adoption of new nursery record system, 101 Conklin , Robert G. , report of Caledonia nursery 127 Construction , new 17 Construction and repairs , 198 Cost of seeds purchased 1914 , 134 Cost of seeds purchased 1915 136 Cost surveys 198 Contracts: Board of Supervisors, Price township, Monroe county, 99 Borough of Chambersburg , 97 Howard E. Butz , 97 L. A. Clouse, 98 A. B. Couch , 98 Thomas Cronin Co. , 98 Cresco & Greentown Tel. Co. , 99 Cumberland Valley R. R. Co 99 Cumberland Valley Tel. Co 98 G. Louis Dormoy 99 DuPont Powder Co. , 98 ^^ . INDEX. Off. Doc. Elk Tanning Co., ^*^®* William H. Eyster, '.'.'.[','..'. 01 Federal Refractories Co ^Z Dr. J. B. Heller, H ' * C)Q S. Hostrander , J. S. Illick, .........! Q^ William H. Libby 1 Wentz Neidigh, , «« Wm. Netoffsky , .....!......... nf New York Central & Hudson River R. R., . qq George D. Pine * ' !! W. J. Price. J: go Prior to Jan. 1, 1914 " ^ C. A. Reese, «! Adam B. Rieser «? Southern Pipe Line Co., ...."........... 90 South Renovo Borough , ^ A. N. Stambaugh aI State Highway Department , J? E. A. Ziegler .'.'.'!.'.'.'.*.'! !« Couch, A. B., contract *I Qfi Cumberland Valley Tel. Co., contract * ' * * II Cresco & Greentown Tel. Co., contract, gg Cumberland Valley Tel. Co.. right of way, ^ Cumberland Valley Tel. Co. , telephone contract, *!!!!!!!!! ol Coudersport Forest— Receipts , *' Forester's report \ *2 Summary of work, -^ Cuttings planted. 1914 '* Z^ Cuttings planted, 1915 ."!!!!..!!.!!! Jfiq Cuttings planted, 1914-1915 Z„, 174 D. Dague, Wm. F.. report of Clearfield nursery Deaths, • ; 124 Department Leases , ^^ Detail Maps, Baer ^^ Detail Maps , Morgan ^^^ Detail Maps, Mustin ^^^ Douty, William, Commonwealth vs., ^^^ Dormoy, G. Louis, contract Drafting Room ^^ Drinker . Dr. Henry S. . address of , at* RothVock VestimonVal f^l DuPont Powder Co., contract ^^.A. Dynamite Experiment ^" 160 Elk Tanning Co. , contract, Elliott. H. E., report of Sinnemahoning Forest nursery J! Evans, H. C 1^2 20 No. 26. INDEX. 235 Page. Expressions of approval of forestry work in Pennsylvania, 204 Extinction of forest fires , cost of 15 Eyster , Wm. H. , contract , 91 F. Faniton , Jay , telephone contract , 96 Farquhar, A. B. , address of, at Rothrock testimonial, 216 Federal Refractories Co. , contract , .^ 97 Federal Refractories Co. , income from lease No. 1 , 76 Federal Rref ractories Co. , lease No. 2 , 77 Fertilizing, 104 Financial Statement 23 Financial Statement for 1914, Mont Alto Nursery 114 Financial Statement for 1915. Mont Alto Nursery, , 118 Fire , forest , protective associations 16 Fires started from lightning, 200 Fire Triangulation Map, parts Potter, Tioga, Clinton and Lycoming counties , 199 Fire , Fought and Forgot to Vote , 201 Fires , buildings , 16 forest , > 14 loss from , 14 causes of 15 cost of extinction , 16 number of , 16 Fixed charges on State land , 1914 , 69 Fixed charges on State land . 1915 1% Foresters appointed 1914 and 1915 IS Foresters , deaths and resignations , 14 Foresters' reports , 1914-15 33-59 Foresters , roster of 11 Forest Fires , losses for the year 1914 , 220 Forest Fires, number and causes during 1914 221 Forest Inspector , activities of 66-67 report of, 1914 and 1915, 62 « reports and magazine articles written by 65-67 table of addresses delivered by, $4 table of inspection of trees, woodlots, and tim- berlands for individuals, 6S Forest Products , value of , for 191 5 230 Forestry work in Pennsylvania, expressions of approval of, 204 Fox , P. H. , report of Austin Nursery , 125 G. Gamble , Daniel , timber sales , Gee , R. F. , right of way Gifford , L. D. , timber sales • 92 Golden , Thos. H. , report of Ole Bull nursery 130 Grays Run Forest , Receipts 26 Forester's report , 88 Summary of work , 60 Nursery report, 127 236 INDEX. Off. Doc Page Greenwood Forest— Receipts , 2g Forester's report, ^ Summary of work , ^q Topographic and Stock Survey, 191 Seedlings shipped to individuals, 1914, 145 Seedlings shipped to individuals, 1915, 155 Seedlings shipped to State Forests, 1914, 140 Seedlings shipped to State Forests, 1915, 149 « H. Hailstone , James G. , Commonwealth vs. , ^o Haldeman Forest, forester's map, iqq Topographic Map for U. S. G. S. Sheets. ...!...'....*..* .99 Harbeson, Thos. C, report of Chatham nursery, .'.'.'*.** .o? Hatfield, H. R. , Commonwealth vs. , ' „^ Heller, Dr. J. B., contract, «! Hopkins Forest, Receipts , Forester's report 9Q Summary of work , Horning , W. H. , report of Lushbaugh nursery , ..........*...* . 09 Houtz, Jesse M., report of Nlttany nursery, . . .' * .0^ Hostrander, S. , contract, Hull Forest, ^^ on Nursery report, " Receipts, ^^^ Forester's report , ^ 00 Summary of work , * Hunting, persons killed in 1914-1915, 9^^ I. Illick , J. S. , contract Individuals, seedlings furnished to, from State nurseries, .'!.. 10! Inspection of trees , woodlots and timber land , ' Inventories for 1915 , ' ^^ ^ 118 J. Jacks Mountain Forest Receipts * ^^ Forester's report ^, Summary of work ' Topographic and Stock Survey ^^ Jerald , Frank D ^^^ • 205 K. Karthaus Forest Receipts, 7? Forester's report Summary of work , ^ Keller, John W. , .!!......... ;.!? No. 26. INDEX. 237 Page. Kettle Creek Forest — Receipts , 25 Forester's report , 33 Summary of work , 60 Nursery report , 129 Kirk, Carl L., report of Penfield nursery, 125 Kishacoquillas Forest , ; . . . 20 Receipts , 25 Forester's report , 33 Summary of work , 60 Topographic and Stock Survey 191 Knoffsinger , Henry & W. H. , right of way , 95 Krise, Alfred, timber sales, 94 L. Lackawanna Forest , 19 Receipts , 25 Land Grant Applications , 74 Land Purchases , 1914 , 9 Land Purchases , 1915 , 10 Lauver , T. W. , Commonwealth vs 20 Leases , permanent camp , 26-32 Legal Affairs , 19 Legislation , 17 Libby, William H., contract, 99 Liegey , Moses , timber sales , 93 Lightning in the State Forests 200 Lightning Report, 1912-15 201 Line marks , 200 Lockwood , James A. , timber sales 92 Loss from forest fires , 15 Love , Arthur , timber sales 93 Love , Nevin , timber sales , 94 Loyalsock Forest — Nursery report 129 Receipts , 25 Forester's report 33 Summary of work 60 Lushbaugh Forest — Nursery report 129 Receipts 25 Forester's report 33 Summary of work 60 11 Maintenance, general 105 Matson , E. Jr. , lease , 97 McClure Forest — Receipts , 25 Forester's report , 33 Summary of work , 60 McElhattan Forest — Receipts , 26 Forester's report , 33 Summary of -work , 60 238 INDEX Off. Doc. McFerren, Herman, Commonwealth vs., 21 Medix Forest— Nursery report, 130 Receipts , 05 Forester's Report, 33 Summary of work, \ gQ Meek, Chas. R., report of Penn nursery, 131 Metzger , Homer S. , . g . „ Mineral leases— Coliunbia Flint Co., 81 Sandusky Portland Cement Co. , g2 United Ice & Coal Co., 83 E. L. Love , flagstone , gg Spruce Creek ballast, 05 Mingle, Harry B., **'* ^„ Minisink Forest— Receipts , 25 Forester's report , 3^ Summary of work , gQ Mont Alto water lease, Mont Alto Forest— Ranger Station , Pond Bank , new , .. . . .......[ . . 17 Receipts , Forester's report, Summary of work, eo Nursery, 121 Nursery experiments, 1914, ^^ Nursery experiments, 1915, 120 Fertilizer experiments , ^q^ Nursery report, 1914, !.....!. m Nursery report, 1915, 117 Nursery, seedlings shipped to individuals, 1914 i 145 Nursery, seedlings shipped to Individuals, 1915,' 154 Nursery, seedlings shipped to State Forests, 1914, 139 Nursery seedlings shipped to State Forests, 1915 [ 148 Nursery soil utilization and improvement 117 Montgomery, W. E., report of Seven Mountain Nursery, ........ 132 Mt. Carmel Nursery, seedlings purchased from 143 Mount Cydonia Sand Co. , right of way , Mulford , Paul H. , report of Asaph Nursery 1 oi Miiller , Max E. , report of Kettle Creek Nursery, ioq Munn, Silas W., Commonwealth vs., «A ^ N. Neefe, Robert R., report of Black Forest Nursery Neidigh, Wentz, contract ^^^ Netoffsky, William, contract ...!....... ^^ New Bergen Forest— Forester's report, ^^ Summary of work New York Central & Hudson River R. R., contract 11 Nittany State Forest— Nursery report ' Receipts ••*•'•* ^ * i i i !!!!!!!!"!!!!!' " ^26 Forester's report "' '* " Summary of work ^^ Northeastern Forestry Co. , seedlings purchased from . „ Nursery account charges. ^^^ 103 No. 26. INDEX. 239 Nurseries: p^^^^ Asaph — report of, -£21 Fertilizer experiments , hq Inventory of seedlings , ^22 Austin — report of , ^^25 Bald Eagle — report of, ' ^^26 Black Forest — report of, ^26 Buffalo — report of, ^26 Caledonia — report of, ^27 Chatham — report of ^27 Clearfield — report of, ; ^24 Conference on adoption of new record system , loi Fertilizer experiments by Prof. Netoffsky, 105 Asaph iiQ Greenwood 108 Mont Alto , iQQ Field Sheets iq2 Greenwood — Cost of seedling production , 123 Fertilizer experiments, , 108 Inventory 124 Report of i23 Water system i23 Grays Run — report of 127 Hull — report of, 128 Kettle Creek — report of i29 Lushbaugh — report of, 129 Loyalsock — report of i29 Medix — report of 13^ Mont Alto — report of, 1914 m report of, 1915, 117 Experiments , 1914 115 Experiments , 1915 120 Financial statement , 1914 114 Financial statement , 1915 ng Inventory , 1915 , ng Seeds and seed testing 117 Soil utilization and improvement, 117 Failures , 115 Fertilizer experiments , • 106 New System of Records and Accounting lOl Description of, 102 Seed bed records , loi Transplant bed records , 102 Field sheets 102 Operations to be charged 103 Nittany — report of 130 Ole Bull — report of, 130 Penfield — report of 125 Penn — report of , 131 Pine Grove — report of , 131 Pocono — report of 131 Report for the years 1914 and 1915 99 Seed bed records , 101 Seedlings shipped from , 138 16 240 INDEX Off. Doc. Seeds sown in spring, 1914, 135 Seeds sown in fall, 1914 and spring, 1915, 137 Seven Mountain — report of, 132 Shipments from , 13g Sinnemahoning — report of, \ 132 Snow Shoe — report of, 132 Study of conditions In , lOi Systematizing records lOi Transplant Bed Records , IO2 Whetham — report of, 132 White pine blister rust, 101 White pine weevil, 101 O. Ole Bull Forest— Nursery report, 130 Receipts 26 Forester's report, 33 Summary of work , 61 P. Patterson Heirs , Commonwealth vs. , jo Penna. Fire Brick Co., right of way, 98 Penn Forest— Receipts, o^ __ Zb Forester's report , 30 Summary of work | ^^ Topographic and Stock Survey '' 190 Nursery report, 2«- Penna. & N. Y. Tel. & Tel. Co. . right of way , ... . . . . . .* .* .' .* .* .' * * .' .' ' ' ' ' 97 Penna. Telephone Co. , telephone contract ' ^ ' . - 97 Penfleld Forest— Receipts , 26 Forester's report 33 Summary of work, ^j Nursery report 225 Pennypacker Forest— Topographic and Stock Survey, 192 Receipts , og Forester's report 33 Summary of work 0^ Permits for temporary camps * \ 30 Permanent camps ^^ Perry, Geo. S. , report of Hull nursery, 128 Pine Gove Forest — Burning of store ic __ ' Id Forester's map 299 Nursery report , 231 Receipts , «« Forester's report , m • Summary of work , gj Repairs to buildings . 27 Warrant map , Mustin , 199 Pine , George D. , contract, ! ! 99 i 0 No. 26. INDEX. 241 Pa&^e Pine Forest — Receipts, 26 Forester's report, 33 Summary of work , gi Pike County folio map by townships 199 Plantation, white pine and white ash in mixture, Caledonia Forest, . 204 Plantation reports, 159 Planting, cost of ig2 experiments , ig2 plans and outline , ig2 purpose of, ig2 on State Forests , 157 on State Forests , cuttings , 1914-1915 , 174 on State Forests, direct seed sowing, 1914-1915, 173 on State Forests, direct seed sowing, summary, quantity, area , and costs , I8l on State Forests, direct seed sowing, summary by years, 183 on State Forests, cuttings in holts , 174 on State Forests, cuttings in holts, summary by forests,.. 183 on State Forests, cuttings in holts, summary by years, .. 184 on State Forests, summary, species and number, 175 on State Forests, summary, number area and costs, 177 on State Forests, summary, by years, species and number, 179 on State Forests, summary by years, number, area, and costs , , 180 on State Forests, 1914, number of seedlings, area and costs , 167 on State Forests, 1914, species, age, and number 165 on State Forests, 1915, species, age, and number 169 on State Forests, 1916, number of seedlings, area, and cost 171 Pocono Forest — Nursery report 131 Receipts , 26 Forester's report, 33 Summary of work gi Nursery, seedlings shipped to individuals, 1915, ... 156 Pocono Protective Fire Association , ig Potter Gas Co. , rlglit of way 95 Price , W. J. , contract , 99 Promised Land Forest — ^Receipts , 26 Forester's report 33 Summary of work gi Protection Code I8 Protective Associations , ig Pure Oil Company , right of way, 97 R. Raker , C. D. , right of way 94 Rangers appointed 1914 and 1915 14 deaths and resignations , 14 roster of , 12 Receipts from State Forests , 25 Records and accounting in nurseries , 101 Reese , C. A. , contract , 99 16—26—1916 242 ' INDEX. Off. Doc. Page. Repairs to buildings ^„ Reports, foresters' annual , 33.50 Resignations , - . Retan , George A. , report of Mont Alto Nursery, * m RIeser , Adam B. , con-tract , 91 Rights of Way, 94 American Tel. & Tel. Co 97 Beech Creek Extension R. R. Co 99 E. H. Butler, ..!......... 98 Bedford & Fulton Telephone Co. . 97 Caprio & Grieco, 93 Central Penna. Lumber Co 94-98-99 Chambersburg & Gettysburg Electric Ry. Co. , 97 Cumberland Valley Tel. Co., ,,,, 97 H. F. Gee 93 Henry & W. H. Knoffsinger , ............. 95 Mount Cydonia Sand Co. , 95 Pennsylvania Fire Brick Co 95 Penna. & N. Y. Tel. & Tel. Co '. . . . . . 97 Potter Gas Co. , ] q- Pure Oil Company g_ C. D. Raker Smith & Middlekauff '. . . . . . . . . . .... * 97 Southern Pipe Line Co. , «- The Tide Water Pipe Line Co. . Ltd. , . . . . . . . . [ . . . .' .' .' " .' * * * ' .' * * 97.95 Vincent Lumber Co qj. J. B. Walker 90 Waynesboro Water Co. , * ] 99 Rothrock Forest , * . ^ Headquarters, new -_ Receipts, 26 Forester's report „, Summary of work -- Rothrock, Dr. Joseph Trimble, testimonial luncheon to and cup pre- sentation ceremony «^q Rupp, A. E., experiment with one-year white pine, igi Ryon , J. B. , report of Whetham nursery, 132 s. Sandusky Portland Cement Co. , lease ' Sandy Ridge Improvement Cutting «^^ School Fund, School code , amendment to Scrub oak underplanting irq Seed— amount, value, and disposition of in 1914 and 1915 mn Testing ; J5^ Bed records for nurseries Direct sowing. 1914-15 ico 170 Purchased, 1914 [[ -iIa Purchased, 1915 Ill Sown in nurseries spring, 1914, \ -or Sown in nurseries fall 1914 and spring 1915 , ..... . . . . . . . . 137 No. 26. INDEX. 243 Seedlings removed from State Forest nurseries, iqa Furnished individuals, ' -«- Planted 1914, .*;;;; .._^^; Planted 1915, ::;:::;•; llt^l Purchased 1914, Mt. Carmel Nursery Co., 143 Purchased 1915, North Eastern Forestry Co., ....!!!!... 152 Removed from small nurseries, 1914, '. ........ 142 Removed from small nurseries, 1915 151 Shipped to State Forests, 1914: Asaph Nursery, -3^ Mont Alto Nursery, ^39 Greenwood Nursery, 140 Clearfield Nursery, ... Mt. Carmel Nursery (purchased), 142 Shipped to Individuals, 1914: Asaph Nursery -gg Mont Alto Nursery, ** ^39 Greenwood Nursery **** j.« Clearfield Nursery, ... Shipped to Individuals, 1915: Asaph Nursery, ^_„ Mont Alto Nursery, - - . Greenwood Nursery, * --_ Clearfield Nursery 156 Pocono Nursery ^^ '" - -- Shipped to State Forests, 1915: Asaph Nursery , ... Mont Alto Nursery -.« Greenwood Nursery, -.9 Clearfield Nursery, ign North Eastern Forestry Co. (purchased) , .... 152 Seven Mountain Forest— Nursery report 132 Topographic and Stock Survey ] 199 Receipts '. ""* ^q Forester's report 33 Summary of work , g^ Sheeler . Geo. W. , report of Snow Shoe Nursery 132 Shippensburg Borough , water lease, Silviculture and Mensuration, .,11 Silvius, A, C, report of Buffalo Nursery, Sinnemahoning Forest— Nursery report, 100 Receipts, 26 Forester's report *|| 33 Summary of work , g ^ Sizerville Forest— Forester's report 00 Summary of work Siggins, H. W ^^ Slate Run Forest— Receipts of Forester's report 33 Summary of work gi Smith , George, Commonwealth vs Smith, E. H., report of Bald Eagle Nursery ^„« Smith & Middlekauff, right of way 07 Smith Lum^' r Co. , timber sales, qI *************** vA .« 244 INDEX. Off. Doc. No. 2d. INDEX. 245 Page Snow Shoe Forest — Receipts , 26 Forester's report , 33 Summary of work , 61 Nursery report , 132 Society of Eastern Foresters, summer meeting of, 202 South Renovo Borough , contract , 97 South Renovo Borough , water lease , 78 Southern Pipe Line Co. , contract 98 Southern Pipe Line Co. , right of way , 95 Sowing and mulching , 103 Staley , Lewis E. , 21 Stambaugh , A. N. , contract 98 State Forests , area of t 9 State Forests, area burned , 15 State Forest Planting: Cuttings , 1914-15 , 174 Direct seed sowing, 1914-15, 162-173 Seedlings , area , and cost , 1914 167 Seedlings , area , and costs , 1915 , 171 Species , age, and number , 1914 , 165 Species , age , and number , 1915 , 169 Summary, 1914-15, 175 State Forests , suggested area , 10 State Highway Dept. , contract , 98 Stone Forest — Receipts 26 Forester's report , 33 Summary of work 61 Strobeck , John L. , report of Pocono Nursery 131 Stuart Forest — Receipts , 26 Forester's report 33 Summary of work , 61 Total cost and net returns on investment 81 Summary of seedlings furnished to individuals, 1914-1915, 185 Summary of State Forest Planting 161 Summary of Topographic Survey costs and length of lines run, 193 Summary of work on State Forests , 60 Surveys, cost of 193-198 Surveys , 1914 , 194 Surveys, 1915 196 Sweigert , John , timber sales , 92-94 T. Tables: Fertilizer Experiment , 107 Fixed Charges on State Land , . 69 Forest Data , summary , 60 Forest Fire Losses , 1914 220 Foresters and Forest Rangers 11 Foresters' Reports , condensed 34 Forest Inspector and Chief Forest Fire Warden , 63 Forest Tree Seeds purchased 1914, species, amount and cost, 134 i "t iPj A _ Page Forest Tree Seeds sown in nurseries, spring 1914; species, amount , and cost , ^'^^ Forest Tree Seeds purchased 1915; species, amount and cost, .. 136 Forest Tree Seed sown in nurseries, fall 1914 and spring 1915, species , amount , and cost , ^^3 ^ Lands Purchased , 9 Land Grant Applications, -75 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Asaph nursery, 1914, 138 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Mont Alto nursery, 1914, 139 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Greenwood nursery, 1914, 140 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Clearfield nursery, 1914, 141 Seedlings Removed from Small Forest nurseries, 1914, 142 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, 1914, purchased from Mt. Carmel nursery , 143 Seedlings Furnished to Individuals from Asaph nursery, 1914, 144 Seedlings Furnished to Individuals from Mont Alto nursery, 1914, 145 Seedlings Furnished to Individuals from Greenwood and other nurseries , 1914 , 145 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Asaph nursery, 1915, 147 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Mont Alto nursery, 1915, 148 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Greenwood nursery, 1915, 149 Seedling Shipments to State Forests, Clearfield nursery, 1915, 150 Seedlings Removed from Small Forest nurseries, 1915, 151 Seedling Shipments to Stale Forests, 1915, purchased from the North Eastern Forestry Co. , 152 Seedlings Furnished to Individuals from Asaph nursery, 1915, 153 Seedlings Furnished to individuals from Mont Alto nursery, 1915 154 Seedlings Furnished to Individuals from Greenwood nursery, 1915 155 Seedling Furnished to Individuals from Clearfield nursery, 1915, 156 Seedlings Furnished to Individuals from Pocono nursery, 1915, 156 Timber Cut, 1914 222 Timber Cut, 1915, 226 Topographic Survey costs 193 Value of Fa. Forest Products , 1915 , 230 Tea Spring Forest — Burning of headquarters, 15 Receipts , 26 Forester's report 33 Summary of work , 61 Telephone contracts: Bell Telephone Co. , 96-97-98 Penna. Telephone Co. , 97 Cumberland Valley Tel. Co. , 96 Jay Fanton gg United Telephone & Telegraph Co 97 Western Union Telegraph Co 96 Telephone Poles of Glass 202 Tener, Hon. John K., address at Rothrock testimonial, 211 Thomas Cronin Co. , contract , 98 Thomas Cronin Co. , lease and revenues , 1914-15 , 80 Tide Water Pipe Line Co., Ltd., rights of way, 97-98 246 INDEX. Off. Doc. No. 26. INDEX. 247 Page Timber cut in 1914 , 222 Timber cut in 1915, 226 Timber sales, 91 Bayless Paper Mfg. Corp. , 93 Charles Bilger , 93 Francis M. Clinton 91 Daniel Gamble, 92 L. D. Gifford, 92 Alfred Krise 94 James A. Lockwood , 92 Arthur Love, 93 Nevin Love , 94 Moses Liegey, 93 Smith Lumber Co 92 John Sweigert , 92 E. H. Zimmerman & Son 91 Topographic and Stock Surveys 187 Barree Forest , 188 Greenwood Forest , 191 Jacks Mt. Forest , 191 Kishacoquillas Forest 191 Penn Forest, 190 Pennypacker Forest 192 Seven Mountain Forest 190 Costs and length of lines run, summary of 193 Transplant Bed Records for nurseries, 102 Trees for Higihway Planting, Greenwood nursery 123 Tree Seeds purchased , 1914 , 134 Tree Seeds purchased , 1915 , 136 Tree Seeds sown in nurseries, spring 1914 135 Tree Seeds sown in nurseries, fall 1914 and spring 1915, 137 Trees struck by lightning and ignited , 1912-15, 201 U. United Tel. & Tel. Co. , telephone contract 97 V. Vincent Lumber Co. , right of way 98 • W. Walker, J. B., right of way 98 Water Leases — Chambersburg, 79 Mont Alto 78 Shippensburg 77 South Renovo 78 Waynesboro Water Co. , right of way 99 Wells , A. B. , report of Grays Run nursery, 127 Western Union Telegraph Co. , telephone contract 96 Page Whetham State Forest — Nursery report, 132 Receipts , 26 Forester's report , 313 Summary of work, gj White Deer Forest — Nursery report, 1913-14, 133 Receipts , 26 Forester's report, 33 Summary of work , gi White Pine, proportion of, to all other combined species, 101 White Pine, production in State nurseries, 101 Wilhelm, H. V. , Commonwealth vs. , 22 Williams, John R., report of Pine Grove nursery, 131 Winter covering io4 Winter, Raymond B., nursery report, 1913-14, 133 Wirt, George H. , jg Activities of 64 to 69 Y. Young Woman's Creek Forest — Receipts Forester's report , Summary of work, 61 Z. Zerby , Chas. E. , report of Medix nursery, 130 55immerman , E. H. & Son , timber sale, 91 Ziegler , E. A. , contract 97 JUN ? W:f 1 END OF YEAR