- (Division! of Fishes: Pee ce | ; ; ay, U. $, National Mo seum FISH a eo: FEB i2 4545 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN © me _INSTITUTION AND FINANCIAL REPORT OF _ THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF | _THE BOARD OF REGENTS 1943, ‘SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION _ WASHINGTON, D. C. Carded | | «SAN 18 494g REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION AND FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS 1MOIR, Aes YEAR ENDED JUNE 30 1943 Bivisien of Flekasy , . $, Batlorad Museu eaoeeene INce = (Publication 3740) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1943 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Offce, Washington, D. C. Price 25 cents ROO Re ae: VK Up WA PASS te OO Y Ne iy ae CONTENTS Summary of the year’s activities of the branches of the Institution_______ SICHE SCANS INN CT asta uae s Bier CERN nae Uygla ck Bk Cie Cie in elt aM LOVE BKOD UNG | Ori Geyer of 0, Hp cal i ge ln RE eg a Ae LOE S OV SiS as a SO aR a SL (eNO RU, DG AE en Ce STI CURA oss Sf le i pi a Bu ape eS ee ea SA Ree aS hed ' Appendix 1. Report on the United States National Museum__-__________ 2. Report on the National Gallery of Art______________-._--. 3. Report on the National Collection of Fine Arts____________ 4. Repor on the Freer Gallery of Art______._.._._-2---___-_ 5. Report on the Bureau of American Ethnology____________- 6. Report on the International Exchange Service_____________ 7. Report on the National Zoological Park___________________ 8. Report on the Astrophysical Observatory, including the Divi- sion of Astrophysical Research and the Division of Radia- cioncandsOrpanisms 90. Gene sh eA ae Leiba eae inl A ta OF PECe pont onntheriibrary) us) isi 2) Fo Pees NEE Oe ee ee LOE eportion «publications 2: wis eae ee Lie ee eee Report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents_____-------- THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION June 30, 1943 Presiding Officer ex officio FRANKLIN D. RoosxveLt, President of the United States. Chancellor.—Hartan BF. Srone, Chief Justice of the United States. Members of the Institution: FRANKLIN D. RooSEVELT, President of the United States. Henry A. WartAce, Vice President of the United States. Harian FE. Stone, Chief Justice of the United States. CoRDELL Hue, Secretary of State. Henry McrcENTHAU, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury. Henry L. Strmson, Secretary of War. Francis Bippie, Attorney General. FRANK C. WALKER, Postmaster General. FRANK Knox, Secretary of the Navy. Harorp L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior. CLAUDE R. WicKArD, Secretary of Agriculture. JESSE H. Jones, Secretary of Commerce, FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary of Labor. Regents of the Institution: Harran If. Stonr, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor. Henry A. WALLACE, Vice President of the United States. CHartrs L. McNary, Member of the Senate. ALBeN W. BArKIEY, Member of the Senate. BENNETT CHAMP CLARK, Member of the Serate. CLARENCE CANNON, Member of the House of Representatives. Fostrr STEARNS, Member of the House of Representatives. Epwarp H. Cox, Member of the House of Representatives. FrREDzrric A. DELANO, citizen of Washington, D. C. ROLAND 8. Morris, citizen of Pennsylvania. Harvey N. DAvIs, citizen of New Jersey. ARTHUR H. Compton, citizen of Illinois. VANNEVAR Bu: H, citizen of Washington, D. C. FREDERIC C. WALCOTT, citizen of Connecticut. Hzecutive Committee—Krepreric A. DELANO, VANNEVAR BUSH, CLARENCE CANNON. Secretary.—CHARLEs G. ABBOT. Assistant Secretary.— ALEXANDER WETMORE. Administrative assistant to the Secretary.—HArry W. Dorsery. Treasurer.—NiIcHOLAs W. DORSEY. Chief, editorial division —Wnrestrr P. TRUE. Iibrarian.—Lrwa FF. CLArK. Personnel Officer— HELEN A. OLMSTED. Property clerk.—JAMES H. HIct. UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSHUM Keeper ex ofjicio.—CHARLES G. ABBOT. Director.—ALEXANDER WETMORE. Associate Director.—JOHN EK. GRAF. VI ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 SCIENTIFIC STAFF DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY : Frank M. Setzler, head curator; A. J. Andrews, chief preparator. i Division of Ethnology: H. W. Krieger, curator; Arthur P. Rice, collaborator. Division of Archeology: Neil M. Judd, curator; Waldo R. Wedel, associate curator; R. G. Paine, senior scientific aid; J. Townsend Russell, honorary assistant curator ef Old World archeology. Division of Physical Anthropology: T. Dale Stewart, curator; M. T. Newman, . associate curator.* Collaborator in anthropology: George Grant MacCurdy. Associate in anthropology: AleS Hrdliéka. DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY: Waldo L. Schmitt, head curator; W. L. Brown, chief taxidermist ; Aime M. Awl, illustrator. Division of Mammals: Remington Kellogg, curator; D. H. Johnsen, associate curator; H. Harold Shamel, senior scientific aid; A. Brazier Howell, col- laborator; Gerrit 8S. Miller, Jr., associate. Division of Birds: Herbert Friedmann, curator; H. G. Deignan, associate curator; W. A. Weber, assistant curator; Alexander Wetmore, custodian of alcoholic and skeleton collections; Arthur C. Bent, collaborator. Division of Reptiles and Batrachians: Doris M. Cochran, associate curator. Division of Fishes: Leonard P. Schultz, curator; EK. D. Reid, senior scientific aid. ; Division of Insects: L. O. Howard, honorary curator; Edward A. Chapin, curator; R. HE. Blackwelder, associate eurator. Section of Hymenoptera: S. A. Rohwer, custodian; W. M. Mann, assist- ant custodian; Robert A. Cushman, assistant custodian. Section of Myriapoda: O. F. Cook, custodian. Section of Diptera: Charles T. Greene, assistant custodian. Section of Coleoptera: L. L. Buchanan, specialist for Casey collection. Section of Lepidoptera: J. T. Barnes, collaborator. Section of Forest Tree Beetles: A. D. Hopkins, custodian. Division of Marine Invertebrates: Waldo L. Schmitt, curator; C. R. Shoe- maker, associate curator; James O. Maloney, aid; Mrs. Harriet Rich- ardson Searle, collaborator; Max M. Ellis, collaborator; J. Percy Moore, collaborator; Joseph A. Cushman, collaborator in Foraminifera. Division of Mollusks: Paul Bartsch, curator; Harald A. Rehder, associate curator; Joseph P. BH. Morrison, assistant curator. Section of Helminthological Collections: Benjamin Schwartz, collaborator. . Division of Echinoderms: Austin H. Clark, curator. Division of Plants (National Herbarium) : W. R. Maxon, curator: Ellsworth P. Killip, associate curator; Emery C. Leonard, assistant curator; Conrad V. Morton, assistant curator; Egbert H. Walker, assistant curator; John A. Stevenson, custodian of C. G. Lloyd mycological collection. Section of Grasses: Agnes Chase, custodian. Section of Cryptogamic Collections: O. F. Cook, assistant ¢¥ ator. Section of Higher Algae: W. T. Swingle, custodian. Section of Lower Fungi: D. G. Fairchild, custodian. Section of Diatoms: Paul S. Conger, custodian. *Now on war duty. Me REPORT OF THE SECRETARY VII DEPARTMENT OF BIoLocy.—Continued. Associates in Zoology : Theodore S. Palmer, William B. Marshall, A. G. Bév- ing, W. K. Fisher. Associate in Botany: Henri Pittier. Collaborator in Zoology : Robert Sterling Clark. Collaborators in Biology: A. K. Fisher, David C. Graham. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY: R. S. Bassler, head curator ; Jessie G. Beach, aid. Division of Mineralogy and Petrology: W. F. Foshag, curator; E. P. Hender- son, associate curator; B. O. Reberholt, senior selentific aid; Frank I. Hess, custodian of rare metals and rare earths. Division of Invertebrate Paleontology and Pauleobotany: Charles BH. Resser, curator; Gustav A. Cooper, associate curator; Marion F. Willoughby, senior scientific aid. Section of Invertebrate Paleontology: T. W. Stanton, custodian of Mesozoic collection; Paul Bartsch, curator of Cenozoie collection. Division of Vertebrate Paleontology: Charles W. Gilmore, curator; C. Lewis Gazin, associate curator* ; Norman H. Boss, chief preparator. Associates in Mineralogy: W. T. Schaller, S. H. Perry. Associate in Paleontology: EH. O. Ulrich, T. W. Vaughan. Associate in Petrology : Whitman Cross. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIES: Carl W. Mitman, head curator. Division of Engineering: C. W. Mitman, head curator in charge; Frank A. Taylor, curator.* Section of Transportation and Civil Engineering: Frank A. Taylor, in charge.* Section of Aeronautics: Paul E. Garber, associate curator,* F. C. Reed, acting associate curator. Section of Mechanical Engineering: Frank A. Taylor, in charge.* Section of Electrical Engineering and Communications: Frank A. Taylor, in charge.* Section of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering: Carl W. Mitman, in charge. Section of Physical Sciences and Measurement: Frank A. Taylor, in charge.* Section of Tools: Frank A. Taylor, in charge.* Division of Crafts and Industries: Frederick L. Lewton, curator; Elizabeth W. Rosson, senior scientific aid. Section of Textiles: Frederick L. Lewton, in charge. Section of Woods and Wood Technology: William N. Watkins, associate eurator. Section of Chemical Industries: Frederick L. Lewton, in charge. Section of Agricultural Industries: Frederick L. Lewton, in charge. Division of Medicine and Public Health: Charles Whitebread, associate curator. Division of Graphic Arts: R. P. Tolman, curator. Section of Photography: A. J. Olmsted, associate curator. DIVISION OF History: T. T. Belote, curator; Charles Carey, assistant curator; Catherine L. Manning, philatelist. *Now on war duty. VIII ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF Chief of correspondence and documents.—H. S. BRYANT. Assistant chief of correspondence and documents.—L. KE. COMMERFORD. Superintendent of buildings and labor.—R. H. TREMBLY. Assistant superintendent of buildings and labor.—CHARLES C. SINCLAIR. Hditor.—Pavu.L H. OEHSER. Accountant and auditor.—N. W. DorRSEY. Photographer.—A. J. OLMSTED. Property clerk.—LAWRENCE L. OLIVER. Assistant librarian. HLIsaBnTH H. GAZIN. NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART Trustees: THe CHIEF JUSTICE OF THE UNITED STATES, Chairman. THE SECRETS RY OF STATE. THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY. THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. Davip K. H. BRUCE. FERDINAND LAMMOT BELIN. Dunc! N PHILIPS. SAMUEL H. KFESSs. JOSEPH EK. WIDENER. President.—Davw K. BE. Brucr. Vice President.— FERDINAND LAMMOT BELIN. Associate Vice President.—CHESTER DALE. Director.—Davip HE. FINLEY. Administrator.—H. A. McBRIDE. Secretary-Treasurer and General Counsel—HUNTINGTON CAIRNS. Chief Curator.—JOHN WALKER. Assistant Director.—MAcGILL JAMES. NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS Acting Director.—RvEL P. TOLMAN. FREER GALLERY OF ART Director.—A. G. WENLEY. Assistant Director.—GRACE DUNHAM QUEST. Associate in research.—J. A. POPE. Superintendent.—W. N. RAWLEY. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Chief —MATTHEW W. STIRLING. Senior ethnologists.—H. B. Cotiins, Jr., JOHN P. HARRINGTON, JOHN R. SWANTON. Senior archeologist. FRANK H. H. Roserts, Jr. Senior anthropologist JULIAN H. STEWARD. Associate anthropologist—_W. N. FEnton. Editor.—M. HELEN PALMER. Librarian.—Mir1Am B. KETcHuM. Iilustrator.—Hpwin G. CASssEepy. REPORT OF THH SECRETARY IX INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE SERVICE Secretary (in charge).—Cuarirs G. ABBOT. Acting Chief Clerk.—¥. HB. GASSs. NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK Director.—WiILlLIAM M. MANN. Assistant Director.—ERNEST P. WALKER. ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY Director.—CHARLES G. ABBOT. Division or ASTROPHYSICAL RESEARCH: Loyal B. Aldrich, assistant director; William H. Hoover, senior astrophysicist. Division oF RADIATION AND ORGANISMS: Harl 8. Johnston, assistant director; Edward D. McAlister, senior physicist; Leland B. Clark, engineer (precision instruments) ; Robert L. Weintraub, associate biochemist. 554702—43——_2 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Cc. G. ABBOT FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1943 To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. GEentTLeMEN : I have the honor to submit herewith my report show- ing the activities and condition of the Smithsonian Institution and. the Government bureaus under its administrative charge during the fiscal year ended June 380, 1948. The first 12 pages contain a sum- mary account of the affairs of the Institution; it will be noted that many activities usually included in this section are missing, wartime conditions having forced their suspension. Appendixes 1 to 10 give more detailed reports of the operations of the National Museum, the National Gallery of Art, the National Collection of Fine Arts, the Freer Gallery of Art, the Bureau of American Ethnology, the In- ternational Exchanges, the National Zoological Park, the Astro- physical Observatory, which now includes the divisions of astro- physical research and radiation and organisms, the Smithsonian library, and of the publications issued under the direction of the Institution. On page 89 is the financial report of the executive com- mittee of the Board of Regents. THE SMITHSONIAN IN WARTIME At the’close of the fiscal year, 33 employees of the Institution had joined the armed forces and 5 had left to serve in special capacities in the various war agencies. Those leaving included 10 members of the scientific staff. Many of those remaining at the Institution devoted 100 percent of their time to war projects assigned by the Army, Navy, or war agencies, and all other staff members were oc- cupied in varying degree with such projects, depending on the extent to which their special knowledge was in demand. In short, all per- sonnel and facilities of the Institution and its branches were made available and were extensively used in the prosecution of the war. The Institution’s normal activities were kept alive to the extent of continuing observations the cessation of which would leave perma- nent gaps in records essential to future investigations, and of main- taining and caring for the National collections. All other research 1 2 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 and exploration projects not necessary for the orderly resumption of cultural activities after the war have been suspended for the dura- tion with one exception, namely, those activities related to a closer cultural cooperation with the other American republics. Such co- operation is of vital importance not only for better relations between neighboring countries in the present time of emergency, but also as a permanent program after the war. The Institution is particularly well fitted to take part in such a program because of its many years of friendly contact with the scientists and scientific institutions of the other American republics. Thus the wartime policy of the Institution has been to use all its resources to aid in winning the war, while continuing insofar as possible the recording and publishing of essential scientific observa- tions and such curatorial work as is necessary for the proper care of the National collections. The Smithsonian War Committee, appointed by me early in 1942, has continued to meet regularly with the aim of originating or con- sidering plans to increase the Smithsonian’s contributions to the war effort. The Committee has made many recommendations during the year, most of which I have approved and put into effect. Several war projects have also come to the Institution through my own con- tacts with Army and Navy officials or through contacts made by other Smithsonian staff members. It seems desirable to present here, as a record of the Institution’s part in the war, a brief statement of such of its wartime activities as can be made public. As regards the year’s publications, most of which related to the war or to the other American republics, a state- ment will be found farther on in this report under the heading “Publications.” It will be seen that much of the Institution’s con- tribution is of an indirect nature, for the obvious reason that an organization can only undertake work for which its staff has the requisite training and experience. In total war, however, accurate knowledge of obscure peoples and places and other subjects chiefly of academic interest in normal times suddenly becomes of vital im- portance to the Army and Navy. In furnishing some of this infor- mation, urgently needed and often hard to get, lies the Institution’s major contribution. Strategic information to war agencies.—As stated, the Institution’s greatest usefulness, as in the case of other similar organizations, derived from the specialized knowledge of its scientific staff, which provided the answers to innumerable urgent questions continually facing the Army, Navy, and war agencies. More than a thousand recorded inquiries had been answered up to the close of the fiscal year, and probably as many more for one reason or another were REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 3 not included in the record. The great majority of these were not simple questions that could be answered on the spot, but were of such a nature that considerable time was required to provide a com- plete answer. Many inquiries involved a series of conferences or the writing of extended illustrated reports. A list of selected ex- amples tabulated by the War Committee shows not only the very wide range of these questions, but also the extent to which modern total war depends on scientific knowledge. The Institution was in a peculiarly favorable position to render this type of service because of its location in Washington, the headquarters also of the War and. Navy Departments and most of the war agencies. It had the further advantage of being closely associated with the Ethnogeographic Board, discussed in the next paragraph. Ethnogeographic Board—Karly in the fiscal year the Institution joined with the American Council of Learned Societies, the Social Science Research Council, and the National Research Council in sponsoring the Ethnogeographic Board, a nongovernmental agency whose function is to act as a clearinghouse between the above insti- tutions and other scientific and educational organizations throughout the country, and the Army, ;Navy, and war agencies within the Government. The Director of the Board is Dr. William Duncan Strong, formerly of the Smithsonian Bureau of American Ethnology and at present on leave from Columbia University. The offices of the Board are in the Smithsonian building, a portion of its operating costs have been defrayed by the Institution, and three members of the scientific staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology have been detailed to assist the Director of the Board. The War and Navy Departments assigned liaison officers, and under the energetic leader- ship of Dr. Strong the Board has become the focal point for the finding of the best sources of strategic information in the fields of - science within its scope. War research projects—A number of research and consultation projects have come to the Institution through the Ethnogeographie Board, the Smithsonian War Committee, and contacts of various officials of the Institution. As these were all of a strictly confiden- tial character, nothing can be said about them except that they were concerned with many different branches of science, including an- thropology, biology, geology, physics, and meteorology. These proj- ects occupied practically the entire time of the instrument and mechanical shops of the Astrophysical Observatory, the division of radiation and organisms, and the division of engineering, as well as the time of numerous members of the scientific staff. Inter-American cooperation.—For many years the Institution has _ been in close contact with scientists and cultural organizations in the 4 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN ‘INSTITUTION, 1943 other American republics through its anthropological, zoological, and ‘botanical explorations and field work in that area and through the wide exchange of its publications for those of scientific institutions of Mexico and South and Central America. Thus the Institution has been in an excellent position to undertake several major projects de- signed to improve cultural relations with our neighboring countries to the south. Under the direction of Dr. Julian H. Steward, of the Bureau of American Ethnology, a Handbook of the Indians of South America has been brought practically to completion and is expected to be published during the coming year as a Bulletin of the Bureau. This comprehensive publication, which will form four volumes of text and two of bibliography, is a truly cooperative .undertaking, for 50 percent of the contributors are scientists in the other American republics. Also on the initiative of Dr. Steward, and with Dr. Ralph L. Beals as temporary director, an Inter-American Society of Geog- raphy and Anthropology has been organized, with membership open to scientists anywhere in the hemisphere. More than 700 members have already been enrolled from nearly all countries on both con- tinents. A journal with articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese will record the activities of the Society. The first part of a “Checklist ~ of the Coleopterous Insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America,” prepared under the direction of Dr. R. E. Blackwelder, is now in press as a Bulletin of the National Museum. A long-needed tool for entomologists, this check list will be used for years to come by scientists of the entire hemisphere. A number of Smithsonian scientists have visited other American republics during the year in the interest of closer professional collaboration. Other wartime activities—The new series of publications, Smith- sonian War Background Studies, will be described in detail in an- other place. I will say here only that the series is filling a real need for authentic information on the less well-known peoples and regions involved in the war, and the demand for the books was so great that editions had to be increased progressively from 3,500 to 8,000 copies. In addition both the Army and Navy ordered editions of from 1,000 to 10,000 copies of several of the papers for the use of service personnel. One of the first recommendations of the Smithsonian War Com- mittee was for a roster of the technical and geographical knowledge of the Institution’s staff. The roster has been at the service of the Kthnogeographic Board and has been of material aid in enabling the Army, Navy, and war agencies to locate quickly the specialist or the knowledge they needed. Under ihe direction of the Smithsonian library, a file of jlluctese tions of strategic areas appearing in Smithsonian publications and in the more obscure technical journals has been completed and made avail- able to waragencies. A brief description of the resources of the Smith- REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 5 sonian library of nearly a million volumes has been distributed to key personnel. For the benefit of members of the armed forces, the Museum build- ings have been kept open all day Sunday. A set of six colored post cards showing striking Museum exhibits was given to servicemen entering the Arts and Industries building, where facilities for writing and mailing the cards were made available. More than 300,000 cards were given during the year. A small leaflet welcoming service men and women to the Institution was also made available; in it is de- scribed the part played by Army and Navy personnel in the past in building up the National collections. At the close of the year a col- lector’s manual for members of the armed forces was in preparation, and a plan was being worked out to provide docents for Museum tours for service personnel. SUMMARY OF THE YEAR’S ACTIVITIES OF THE BRANCHES OF THH INSTITUTION National Museum.—Throughout the year members of the scientific staff have been occupied with furnishing technical information and carrying on research connected with the conduct of the war. The Museum buildings have been kept open all day Sundays for the benefit of service men and women. The Museum collections were in- creased by 230,231 specimens, bringing the total number of catalog entries to 17,808,471. Outstanding among the new accessions were the following: In anthropology, 1,443 specimens of pottery and figurine fragments from various localities in the United States and Mexico, a ceremonial mace of serpentine from Maré, Loyalty Islands, and weapons, armor, and musical instruments from the Philippines; in biology, a complete skeleton of the African bush elephant, birds from New Guinea and Eritrea, the latter a hitherto unrepresented locality, two large collections of fishes—one comprising more than 50,000 specimens transferred from the Fish and Wildlife Service, the other nearly 35,000 specimens collected in Venezuela by the curator of fishes, and the Frank C. Baker collection of mollusks, comprising 10,000 spec- imens, one of the important mollusk collections of North America; in geology, the John W. Langsdale collection of minerals, a 316-carat star sapphire and a 54-carat blue Brazilian topaz, five volumes containing 1,500 photomicrographs of the structure in meteoric irons, presented by Dr. Stuart H. Perry, associate in mineralogy, and a collection of 2,000 Triassic fossils from Nevada; in engineering and industries, an original truss of an iron railroad bridge built in America in 1845, two sets of aircraft identification models used by our armed forces, and a collection of specimens to be used as an exhibit of alternates and substitutes developed recently to cope with shortages of war materials; in history, the finest accession of firearms, swords, and daggers received (6 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 by the Museum in recent years, the gift of Ralph G. Packard. The few expeditions that were in the fase during the year were concerned — with matters connected with the conduct of the war or were the result of pre-war commitments. Because of travel difficulties, the number of visitors dropped to 1,355,269 as compared with slightly over 2,000,000 in the previous year. A definite count showed that servicemen aver- aged 25 to 35 percent of the total number of visitors. The Museum published its Annual Report, 3 Bulletins, 1 Contribution from the National Herbarium, and 25 Proceedings papers. Staff changes in- cluded the death of Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, head curator of the department of biclogy, and the appointment of Dr. Waldo L. Schinitt, curator of the division of marine invertebrates, to succeed him. Nu- merous members of the staff were furloughed for military and naval duty. National Gallery of Art—The total attendance at the Gallery for the year was 1,508,081, a daily average of 4,182 of whom more than one-fourth were service men and women. Special activities for mem- bers of the armed forces have included Sunday evening musical con- certs, Sunday night suppers for servicemen, and the Servicemen’s Room, which has furnished a place of relaxation for many men in the ~ service. Among the outstanding acquisitions of the year were a col- lection of 23 paintings from Chee: Dale; the Widener collection of paintings, sculpture, and other objects of art, one of the greatest donations ever made to any Museum; and the famous Rosenwald col- lection of prints, numbering over 6,500 items. A number of special exhibitions were held during the year, including an exhibition of Chilean contemporary art, the Thomas Jefferson Bicentennial exhibi- tion, and an exhibition sponsored by Life magazine of 125 paintings by leading American artists, in cocperation with the War Department, in United States battle zones. There were printed during the year a check list of the Widener collection, a new general information pamphlet, a catalog, a portfolio of colored reproductions, and nine pamphlets dealing with the Gallery and its.collections. The daily Gallery tours of the collectica have been supplemented by tours for service men and women on Saturdays. A motion picture on the National Gallery of Art was completed in cooperation with the Office of Strategic Services; this will be widely circulated among educa- tional institutions and the general public. National Collection of Fine Arts—Because of crowded conditions in Washington the annual meeting of the Smithsonian Art Com- mission was not held, and proffered gifts of works of art are being held by the National Collection of Fine Arts to be passed upon at the next meeting of the Commission. Two members of the Commission died during the year: John E. Lodge, chairman of the subcommittee on Oriental art, and Charles L. Borie, chairman of the Commission REPORT OF THH SECRETARY €.: since 1935. Fourteen miniatures were acquired through the Catherine Walden Myer fund. Five paintings were purchased under the Henry Ward Ranger bequest; by the terms of the bequest these are as- signed to various art institutions and under certain conditions are prospective additions to the National Collection of Fine Arts. Seven special exhibitions were held, as follows: Oil paintings, water colors, and pastels by Senorita Carmen Madrigal Nieto, of Costa Rica; oil paintings by Sefiorita Pachita Crespi, of Costa Rica; oil paintings by Frank C. Kirk, of New York; miniatures by members of the Pennsylvania Society of Miniature Painters; oil paintings and designs by Simon Lissim, of New York; water colors by Leonora Quarterman, of Savannah, Ga.; oil paintings by Walter King Stone, of Ithaca, N. Y. Freer Gallery of Art—Additions to the collections included Chinese bronze, Persian gold, Persian and Indian paintings, Chinese porce- Jain, and Chinese and Persian pottery. Besides the regular curatorial work, the staff devoted much of its time to supplying information to war agencies and to translating matter from Chinese-and Japanese sources, amounting to hundreds of typewritten pages. In addition, Chinese and Japanese names on maps of war areas were identified and transliterated to the number of more than 5,000. The Director gave a series of lectures to Washington school teachers on Chinese culture as reflected in the fine arts in furtherance of a plan to disseminate knowledge of China in the public schools. Visitors to the gallery numbered 53,769 for the year, and 12 groups were given docent service or instruction in the study room. John Ellerton Lodge, Director of the Freer Gallery from its beginning in 1920, died on December 29, 1942. Under Mr. Lodge’s wise administration was developed the work of the Gallery in the study and the acquisition of Oriental fine arts. He was succeeded as Director by Archibald G. Wenley, asso- ciate in research at the Gallery. Bureau of American Ethnology.—Activities concerned with the other American republics have been emphasized during the year, and a large part of the time of the staff has been devoted to war projects. Several members have worked nearly full time in cooperation with the Ethnogeographic Board in preparing strategic information for the Army, Navy, and war.agencies. M. W. Stirling, Chief, directed the fifth National Geographic-Smithsonian archeological expedition to southern Mexico. Excavations at the site of La Venta in southern Tabasco resulted in the discovery of construction details of the stone- fenced enclosure, one of the central features of the site. Three rich burials contained jade offerings of high quality. Dr. J. R. Swanton completed the proofreading of his 850-page bulletin entitled “The Indians of the Southeastern United States,” and did further work on the now extinct language of the Timucua Indians of Florida. 554702433 8 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 Dr. J. P. Harrington investigated the Chilcotin languages of north- ern California, and later in the year devoted his time to the prepa- ration of material for the linguistic section of the Handbook of South American Indians. Dr. F. H. H. Roberts, Jr., investigated a site in eastern Wyoming from which more than 70 projectile points of the Yuma type were recovered. Dr. Roberts devoted the last two- thirds of the year to the preparation of a series of “survival” arti- cles from data furnished by members of the Smithsonian staff. These articles were made available to the armed forces through the Ethno- geographic Board. Dr. J. H. Steward continued his work as editor of the Handbook of South American Indians, assisted by Dr. Alfred Métraux of the Bureau staff. The Handbook, which will consist of four volumes of text and two of bibliography, was three-fourths com- pleted at the close of the year. Dr. H. B. Collins, Jr., was engaged in furnishing regional and other information to the armed services, mostly in connection with the Ethnogeographic Board. Dr. W. N. Fenton devoted most of his time to projects received by the Ethno- geographic Board from the armed services, and continued to serve as a member of the Smithsonian War Committee. Miss Frances Densmore completed two large manuscripts on Indian music. The Bureau published its Annual Report and three Bulletins. The Bureau library has been much in use as a source of material for the Ethnogeographic Board and the war agencies. International Kachanges.—The International Exchange Service is the official United States agency for the interchange of governmental and scientific publications between this country and all other coun- tries of the world. During the year the Service handled a total of 513,460 packages of publications with a total weight of 248,648 pounds. Although the war prevents shipments to many foreign coun- tries, nevertheless consignments went forward during the year to all countries in the Western Hemisphere and to a number in the Eastern Hemisphere, namely, Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Portugal, the U.S.S.R., Union of South Africa, India, Australia, and New Zealand. Packages which cannot be for- warded during the war are held for later delivery. Because of the limited space at the Institution, arrangements were made to store the large accumulation of such material at the Library of Congress. In April 1942 the Office of Censorship placed a ban on the sending abroad of the Congressional Record and the Federal Register; in February 1943 this ban was lifted, and the Record and Register were again forwarded to those countries that could be reached. National Zoological Park.—By reducing maintenance work to the absolute minimum, it has been possible to carry on the primary func- tion of the Zoo, the exhibition of a wide variety of animal life in the REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 9) ~ best possible condition, in spite of the increasing shortages of man= power, food, and materials. The functioning of the Zoo is thought to be particularly important in wartime because it provides free recreation and enjoyment for thousands of war workers and members of the armed forces. Although automobile traffic to the Zoo prac- tically ceased, nevertheless a greatly increased number of visitors walked or came by bus or streetcar. The total number of visitors for the year was 1,974,500. Officials of the Zoo have furnished much information regarding animals to the War and Navy Departments, other Government agencies, and medical groups. Conditions have precluded expeditions by the Zoo for the collection of animals, and few animals are offered for sale by dealers. New specimens, there- fore, have come mainly through gift and exchange. In addition, 101 mammals were born and 83 birds hatched at the Zoo during the year. Despite adverse conditions, six species never before in the collection were obtained; these included a specimen of the rarely exhibited spectacled bear of the northern Andes and a white starling from Java, also rare in captivity. At the close of the year the collection contained 2,435 animals representing 684 species and subspecies. Astrophysical Observatory.—A prediction of the march of solar variation from 1939 through 1945, based on periodicities revealed by the solar-constant values published in volume 6 of the Annals of the Observatory, shows that the years 1940 to 1947 will be the most im- portant years to study the sun’s variation since the early twenties. For this reason, every effort has been made to keep the three field observatories in Chile, California, and New Mexico in operation. Up to the close of the year, these efforts had been successful. Further studies of the short-interval changes of solar radiation in their rela- tion to weather have been even more convincing than previous re- sults. The weather effects of individual solar changes are found to: last at least 2 weeks. Most of the time of the staff at Washington has been devoted to war-research problems assigned by the war serv- ices. In the division of radiation and organisms, the regular research program was discontinued in August 1942, and since then practically the entire time of the staff has been directed toward solving war problems. THE ESTABLISHMENT The Smithsonian Institution was created by act of Congress in 1846, according to the terms of the will of James Smithson, of Eng- land, who in 1826 bequeathed his property to the United States of America “to found at Washington, under the name of the Smith- sonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.” In receiving the property and accepting the trust, Congress determined that the Federal Government was. 10 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 without authority to administer the trust directly, and, therefore, constituted an “establishment” whose statutory members are “the President, the Vice President, the Chief Justice, and the heads of the executive departments.” THE BOARD OF REGENTS Changes in the Board of Regents during the fiscal year were as follows: Senator Charles L. McNary, of Oregon, having been reelected to the Senate for the term beginning January 3, 1948, was reappointed by the Vice President on February 4, 1943, as a regent to succeed himself. On October 26, 1942, the Honorable William P. Cole, Jr., of Mary- land, resigned from the House of Representatives, which automati- cally terminated his term as a regent; on January 12, 1948, the Speaker appointed Representative Edward E. Cox, of Georgia, to succeed him. The term of Dr. Roland 8. Morris, of Pennsylvania, as a citizen regent, expired February 20, 1942. By Joint Resolution of Congress approved July 28, 1942, he was reappointed to succeed himself for the statutory term of 6 years. The roll of regents at the close of the fiscal year was as follows: Harlan F. Stone, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor; Henry A: Wallace, Vice President of the United States; members ’ from the Senate—Charles L. McNary, Alben W. Barkley, Bennett Champ Clark; members from the House of Representatives—Clar- ence Cannon, Foster Stearns, Edward HE. Cox; citizen members— Frederic A. Delano, Washington, D. C.; Roland S. Morris, Pennsyl- vania; Harvey N. Davis, New Jersey; Arthur H. Compton, Illinois; Vannevar Bush, Washington, D. C.; and Frederic C. Walcott, Con- necticut. Proceedings——The annual meeting of the Board of Regents was held on January 15, 1948. The regents present were Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone, Chancellor; Vice President Henry A. Wallace; Representatives Clarence Cannon, Foster Stearns, and Edward E. Cox; citizen regents Frederic A. Delano, Roland §. Morris, Harvey N. Davis, Arthur H. Compton, and Vannevar Bush; and the Secre- tary, Dr. Charles G. Abbot. The Secretary presented his annual report covering the year’s activities of the parent Institution and of the several Government branches, which was accepted by the Board, as was also the report by Mr. Delano, of the executive committee, covering financial statis- tics of the Institution. The Secretary stated that owing to the exigencies of wartime travel, there had been no meeting of the Smith- sonian Art Commission during the year. 7 f REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 11 In his special report the Secretary outlined some of the more im- portant recent activities carried on by the Institution and the branches, with special emphasis on phases of the work directly con- nected with the war. FINANCES A statement on finances will be found in the report of the execu- ‘tive committee of the Board of Regents, page 89. PUBLICATIONS In normal times the Institution publishes the results of researches by members of its scientific staff in several series, namely, the Smith- sonian Miscellaneous Collections, the Bulletins and Proceedings of the National Museum, Contributions from the National Herbarium, the Bulletins of the Bureau of American Ethnology, and the Annals of the Astrophysical Observatory. It also publishes the Annual Reports of the Board of Regents, which contain a selection of articles summarizing developments in all branches of science, and other oc- easional publications. In wartime, however, publication has been restricted largely to material that relates to the war or is of value in strengthening cultural relations with the American nations to the south of us. Otherwise only such papers were sent to the printer _ during the year as seemed for one reason or another to be of sufficient importance to the advancement of science to warrant publication even in wartime. This wartime policy will not be apparent from the titles listed in this year’s report on publications, however, be- cause a large proportion of the papers issued went to the printer in the previous fiscal year before the policy went into effect. The new series, Smithsonian War Background Studies, begun in the summer of 1942, was planned for the purpose of making avail- able authentic information on the less well-known areas and peoples involved in the war. Twelve numbers had been issued at the close of the fiscal year, and four others were in press. As the Far East and the Pacific islands are probably the least well-known of the war areas, the majority of the papers deal with those regions. A com- plete list of the papers issued and in press will be found in the report on publications, appendix 10. The demand for papers in the series was immediate and much larger than had been anticipated. The editions of the first few papers had been set at 3,500 copies, nearly twice as large as the usual editions of Smithsonian papers, but these were soon exhausted. Reprints of these were issued, and editions of later papers were successively increased until at the end of the year 8,000 copies were being printed. The demand, as might be expected, was greatest from Army and Navy organizations and personnel and from universities and schools. In addition to the ; 12 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 Smithsonian editions, the Army and Navy ordered from 1,000 to 10,000 copies of nearly all the papers in the series. - Aside from the War Background Studies, there was a constant demand from Army, Navy, and war agencies for other Smithsonian publications, notably the Smithsonian Meteorological Tables, Smith- sonian Physical Tables, and World Weather Records. Of the Meteorological Tables, 5,557 copies were asked for by various Army | units, most of them going to the Signal Corps. Among the outstanding publications of the year not related to the war may be mentioned “Compendium and Description of the West Indies,” by Antonio Vazquez de Espinosa, translated by Charles Upson Clark, a detailed itinerary of Spanish America written by a Car- melite missionary in 1628 or 1629; “Fishes of the Phoenix and Samoan Islands Collected in 1939, during the Expedition of the U. S. S. Bushnell,” by Leonard P. Schultz, curator of the division of fishes in the National Museum, who accompanied the expedition; and “The Native Tribes of Eastern Bolivia and Western Matto Grosso,” by Alfred Métraux. A total of 88 publications were issued during the year, and 194,057 — copies of these and other Smithsonian publications were distributed. LIBRARY The use of the Smithsonian library during the year by the scientific staff of the Institution was almost entirely in connection with the war, and more than 35 war agencies have made inquiries, borrowed books, and sent research workers to use the collections. The branch libraries of the National Museum and the Bureau of American Eth- nology especially have been constantly used by war workers because of their extensive resources of geographical and ethnological material. Receipt of foreign publications again dropped somewhat but not so sharply as during the preceding year. The quantity and quality of scientific publications is still maintained at a high level among our allies abroad. The publication and receipt of domestic scientific serials continues to be practically normal. Among the outstanding gifts of the year were a microfilmed set of the records of Linnean collections and manuscripts of the Linnean Society of London, and a collection of 350 books from Ralph G. Packard to accompany the collection of arms and armor given by him to the Museum. The record of the year’s activities includes 6,955 accessions, bringing the total holdings of the library to 907,645; 159 new exchanges arranged; 3,631 “wants” received; 5,012 volumes and pamphlets cataloged; 11,236 books and periodicals loaned; and 2,135 volumes sent to the bindery. Respectfully submitted. C. G: Aszor, Secretary. APPENDIX 1 REPORT ON THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the condi- tion and operation of the United States National Museum for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1943: Appropriations for the maintenance and operation of the National Museum for the year totaled $892,630, which was $61,652 more than for the previous year. THE MUSEUM IN WARTIME Although there has been a decrease in the total number of visitors io the Museum below that normal for times of peace, the number recorded, 1,355,269, indicates the great interest that exists in the exhibits. The change in hours to allow the public halls to be open all day Sunday has permitted many people to visit the buildings whose time schedules would not have otherwise made such visits possible. This is particularly true of service men and women, about 2,000 of whom have been included among the visitors each week end. Last year’s report indicated steps taken for adequate safeguard of collections. These precautions have gone forward, and a pro- gram of training has been initiated among groups of employees for the protection of visitors, employees, and the various buildings. Air- raid alarm systems have been installed, fire-fighting, air-raid, and first-aid equipment procured, air-raid shelters designated, and com- plete black-out facilities where necessary established. Practice air- raid drills were held, both in cooperation with the District of Columbia and independently of the city-wide drills. Throughout the year members of the staff have been occupied with considerable work connected with the conduct of the war, either through direct contact with various war agencies or through the Kihnogeographic Board. This has included “spot” information in various fields, research, and experiment. The variety of these subjects is indicated by the following enumeration of some of the items on which data were requested: Camouflage plants; natural vegetation of specific regions; illustrations of poisonous plants and of emergency food plants and data regarding them; destruction of mosquito-har- horing epiphytes; distribution of certain plants of known economic 13 14 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 importance; botanical exploration; the palatability of the flesh of land, fresh-water, and marine animals, their use for food, and methods of capture; the serviceability of hides and skins for various purposes; disease transmission; noxious, poisonous, or otherwise dangerous ani- mals; intermediate hosts of animal and human parasites; aid in the preparation of survival manuals and other military and naval hand- books; distributional lists of insects and other animals of medical im- portance; outlines for insect surveys in foreign areas; instruction in mosquito identification; collection and preservation of specimens, especially those of medical importance; supplying duplicate sets of insect material not otherwise readily obtainable for the use of Army and Navy medical schools; biological and oceanographic problems; marine fouling organisms; bibliographic surveys; recommendations regarding sergemnele Assistance has been given in the identification of tribal caltaee patterns chiefly of the island peoples of the West Pacific area and of continental southeastern Asia. Other information provided, in this instance obtained from Museum photographic files, related to the need of our aviators and soldiers to recognize religious caste markings, and, to assist in the orientation of aviators, the types of house construction in various parts of southern Asia. A mass of information directly based on the collections was given to such agencies as the Board of Economic Warfare and the War Production Board, bearing directly - on the development of the use of substitute materials for civilian use. Various articles describing the more remote peoples and their cultures were prepared and ontiislied: COLLECTIONS The Museum collections were increased by 230,231 specimens, which were included in 1,177 separate accessions. Because of wartime con- ditions a decrease of 211 accessions, 54,351 specimens, in comparison with the number received during the previous year was not unex- pected. The five departments registered specimens received as fol- lows: Anthropology, 2,514; biology, 218,823; geology, 9,725; engi- neering and industries, 2266; and elon 1,902. Most of the ac- cessions were acquired as gifts from individuals or as a transfer of specimens by Government departments. The complete report on the Museum, published as a separate document, includes a detailed list of accessions, but the more important are summarized below. Cata- log entries in all departments now total 17,808,471. Anthropology.—Transtferred to the division of archeology by Gov- ernment departments were 1,443 specimens of earthenware vessels, potsherds, and figurine fragments from several localities in Mexico REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 15 and the United States. Important gifts from individuals included 94 earthenware vessels, clay heads, and projectile points from Mex- ico; 2 wooden figurines excavated in Florida; and 1 obsidian mirror from a stream bed in Ecuador. Outstanding among the specimens donated to the division of ethnology was a ceremonial mace of serpen- tine from the Island of Maré. This specimen is an excellent example of the ceremonial weapons described in French scientific literature on New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands. Other ethnological ob- jects of special interest are weapons, pieces of armor, inscriptions on bamboo, and musical instruments from the Philippine Islands, and fishing paraphernalia, tools, utensils, dance masks, a feathered dance headdress, and hand-woven costumes from various South and Central American localities. The collection of ceramics was augmented by porcelain articles from Capo di Monte molds, dating to about 1821, and examples of painted terra cotta made presumably by Greek colo- nists at Apulia, Italy, during the fourth century B. C., and excavated at Pompeii. Interesting examples of American glass included “Burm- ese” and “Peachblow” articles manufactured in Massachusetts and “Case” glass from West Virginia. Among the various collections assigned to the section of period art and textiles were antique jewelry from Scotland, Hungary, Portugal, France, Egypt, China, Ceylon, and the Philippine Islands; Spanish, French, and Chinese antique ornamental fans; and a handsomely ornamented snuffbox bearing the registry mark of Bergen, Norway, presented by Mrs. Stejneger at the expressed wish of the late Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, for many years head curator of the department of-biology. Notable gifts to the division of physical anthropology included Indian skeletal re- mains from two ossuaries on a farm in Prince Georges County, Md., completing a collection from this locality begun in former years, and a midget’s skull of 485 cc. capacity, the smallest human adult skull thus far reported. Biology.—The first complete skeleton of the African bush elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) to come to the national collections and four small rodents collected in the endemic plague area in Bolivia were the most noteworthy accessions in the division of mammals. Particularly welcome among the birds accessioned during the year were several forms new to the collection: Representatives of the pheasant genus Anwrophasis and the shrike genus H'ulacestoma from New Guinea; 2 specimens of the black-lored grass warbler (C?sticola nigrilora) ; 65 species of Ecuadorian birds; the type of the warbler Prinia flaviventris delacouri; and 8 avian specimens from Eritrea, a hitherto unrepresented locality. Another interesting accession in- cluded birds from the widely scattered collections of the United States Exploring Expedition of 1838-42. 654702434 16 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 ' Two rare forms of West Indian snakes were added to the collec- tion of reptiles and amphibians—Darlingtonia haetiana, from Haiti, and Typhlops richardii, from St. Thomas. Two large collections of fishes were received, one by transfer from the Fish and Wildlife Service, comprising more than 50,000 speci- mens, and one of nearly 35,000 specimens brought from Venezuela by the curator of fishes. Rare forms accessioned include Ochmacan- thus reinhardti and Urinophilus erythrurus from South America. To the type series were added cotypes of Cynopotamus biserialis and paratypes of Notolepidomyzon intermedius. A large accession, comprising 4,800 miscellaneous insects, the bal- ance of the private collection of the late George P. Engelhardt, was received by the division of insects, accompanied by Mr. Engelhardt’s extensive and valuable entomological library. As in former years, the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine and its Division of Foreign Plant Quarantines, of the United States Department of Agriculture, transferred to the Museum collection a large number of insects, this year the total being approximately 46,000 specimens. Six specimens of Cycloscosmia truncata, the third known occurrence of this trap-door spider since it was discovered a century ago, came as a gift. To the type collection of marine invertebrates were added the cotype of Derocheilocaris typicus, upon which a new genus, new family, and new order of crustaceans were based, and numerous allotypes, holotypes, and paratypes of crayfishes, worms, ostracods, and amphibians. A collection of approximately 700 specimens of miscellaneous invertebrates from the Gulf of Mexico was received by transfer. One of the important mollusk collections of North America, com- prising approximately 10,000 specimens, was bequeathed to the Museum by Dr. Frank C. Baker, together with 17 bound volumes of his own published writings. Of special interest was a donation of 1,500 shells, 50 corals, and a collection of echinoderms from New Caledonia, the first: material of consequence received in many years from this now important part of the world. Twelve of the seventeen accessions to the collection of helminths contained type material: Types of Opecoelina pharynmagna, Proto- strongylus agerteri, P. frosti, Protogynella blarinae, and Diorchis reynoldsi, cotypes of Parallintoshius tadaridae and Euparyphium ochoterenai,; paratypes, holotypes, and allotypes of Halocercus kirbyi, Corynosoma obtuscens, and species of Acanthocephala; slides bearing cotype specimens of Hymenolepis parvisaccata,; and additional slides representing four new species. Several large collections of plants, mostly from Mexico, Central America, and South America, were received as gifts or in exchange. ‘REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Wa Eight of these collections comprised more than 1,000 specimens each. Geology.—Ten accessions pertaining to minerals—a 1,842-eram in- dividual of the Harrisonville, Mo., meteorite, and nine slices of meteor- ites—were added by purchase through the income from the Roebling fund. The largest single accession of minerals was the. gift of the John W. Langsdale collection, including many good examples from old American and European localities. The outstanding addition to the gem collection was the 316-carat star sapphire known as Star of Artaban. This beautiful stone ranks with the finest of the Museum’s individual gems. Another notable gem stone was a 54-carat blue Brazilian topaz obtained through the Frances Lea Chamberlain fund. Dr. Stuart H. Perry, associate in mineralogy, presented an album of five volumes containing approximately 1,500 photomicrographs of the structure in meteoric irons, which, with the negatives received from Dr. Perry last year, has resulted in the most complete file of the metal- lurgy of meteoric irons in existence. Dr. Perry also donated a 4,640- gram specimen of the Modoc, Kans., meteorite. The most important additions to the collections of invertebrate pale- ontology and paleobotany were the Devonian invertebrates collected in the Mississippi Valley States by Prof. A. S. Warthin, Jr., and Dr. G. A. Cooper. In return for assistance by Dr. C. E. Resser, Dr. Franco Rasetti, of Laval University, presented a splendid set of fossils and casts of types from the classic locality at Levis, opposite Quebec City, Canada. The income from the Springer fund provided 12 Devonian crinoids from Ontario, one of the most important ac- cessions of the year to the collection of fossil echinoderms. A col- lection of about 2,000 Triassic fossils from Nevada will undoubtedly include many types when the study of these fossils has been completed. Among the accessions recorded in the section of Cenozoic inverte- brates were topotypes of the foraminifer Pseudophragmina (Porporo- eyclina) peruviana and holotype and paratypes of the foraminiter Paranonion venezuelanum. In the division of vertebrate paleontology a large series of speci- mens from the Oligocene beds of Niobrara County, Wyo., was acces- sioned. Specimens worthy of special mention are nearly complete ~ articulate skeletons of various mammals known as Merycoidodon, Leptomeryx, Pseudocynodictis, Deinictis, and Hoplophoneus. Good series of skulls and partial skeletons of the fossil horse Wesohippus, the small camel Poébrotheriwn, the early rhinoceros Hyracodon, the squirrel Jschromys, and the rabbit Palaeolagus were included. Also added to the collection by exchange were the nearly complete skele- ton of the primitive deer Hypertragulus calcaratus Cope, to be mounted forthe exhibition series; a skuli and lower jaws of the Miocene horse Parahippus leonensis and a right ramus of P. blackbergi; the type of 18 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 a fossil bird Geochen rhuax Wetmore; and 297 teeth of the pavement- | toothed shark Piychodus mortoni. — . Engineering and industries—From the viewpoint of Cheinecria history, the most interesting and valuable accession was an original truss of an-iron railroad pulse designed, constructed, and ereaed by the Reading Railroad Co. in 1845. The specimen, approximately 34 feet long, is the only remaining part of the first iron-truss, double- track railroad bridge built in America, also believed to be the first iron-truss bridge erected in the United States. Early in the present war there was instituted as part of the train- ing program of our armed forces the use of accurately made scale models of the types of airplanes used by the United Nations and the Axis, to teach recognition at sight of both friend and enemy. Lt. Paul E. Garber, U. S. Navy, on military furlough from the Museum, was actively engaged in the development of this program, and through him the Museum received two groups of these models. Bequeathed to the extensive propeller collection by the inventor, Dr. S. Albert Reed, was a full-sized model, known as the D-1, of an aluminum- alloy propeller that is now recognized as one of the early successful types. Another accession of historical interest, likewise presented by the inventor, H. H. Franklin, was comprised of four die castings, which are excellent examples of early attempts to produce finished castings in metal dies. Of current interest is the accession of a scale model of a plant used for producing high-grade motor fuel for aviation gasoline blending stock. An exhibit of timely educational value in the section of mineral technology is one of abrasives and grinding- machine operations. This exhibit, which has been studied frequently by the personnel of Government war agencies, has been modernized during the year, and 178 specimens were added. In the division of crafts and industries there were received several specimens of special interest because of their bearing on the war: A new surgical stitching instrument operated as a sewing-machine at- tachment, together with a felt sampler showing numerous types of surgical suturing; a sample of cap ribbon of a new type adopted by the United States Navy, in which letters in gold leaf are fused into a cut ribbon of acetate rayon, instead of the silk ribbon embroidered with gold thread formerly used; specimens of nylon and cotton woven webbing used for the harness connecting the aviator to his parachute ; and new specimens to be used as an exhibit of alternates and sub- stitutes developed recently to cope with shortages of war materials. Of special interest in the public-health collections was the addition of a collection of food models arranged to show the daily food require- ment. Important additions to the wood collection were 13 samples of tropical American woods that had been received by the Bureau of REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 19 Ships, Navy Department, for testing in some phase of their wartime shipbuilding program. In, the division of graphic arts a large collection of war posters constitutes a valuable addition to the pictorial and historical record of our participation in the war. Many were designed by outstanding American artists, a fact that enhances their purely historical value. The most important accession received by the section of photog- raphy was a Wovdward Solar Camera. No other example is known: to exist, and it came to light largely as a result of the Nation-wide drive for scrap metal. This type of camera was manufactured under patents dated between 1857 and 1877, and it was the first means available to commercial photographers during the latter half of the nineteenth century for making photographic enlargements on the then slow bromide paper, using the sun as a source of illumination. History—The three most important accessions of the year in the division of history were in the fields of art, arms, and numismatics. The first of these, received by bequest, consisted of five paintings of unusual interest not only because of their artistic and historical value but also because they complete the collection of paintings on historical subjects by J. L. G. Ferris, 71 of which were presented by Mrs. Ferris in 1982, after the death of her husband. ‘The finest accession of fire- arms, swords, and daggers received by the National Museum in recent years came as a gift from Ralph G. Packard. The collection illus- trates the evolution of firearms from the matchlock to the automatic of the present day and includes all the methods of ignition used during the past 350 years. The accession of most importance to the numismatic section was the large collection of coins, medals, medalets, and tokens presented by the Hon. Frederic A. Delano, a regent of the Smithsonian Institution. Additions to the stamp collection of unusual interest were stamps of Great Britain overprinted “M. EB. F.” (Middle East Force) for use in the former Italian territory of Eritrea, and stamps issued by the Norwegian Government in London (used on letters carried by Norwegian warships and merchant vessels), and by the exiled Yugo- slavian Government in England. EXPLORATIONS AND FIELD WORK Field explorations for the year were concerned in the main with matters connected with the conduct of the war or with commitments dating back to the pre-war period. With the usual program cur- tailed, the scope of the investigations has been changed, though valuable results in a variety of directions have been achieved. Anthropology—Dr. Waldo R. Wedel, associate curator, division of archeology, was detailed to the Bureau of American Ethnology 4 20 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 from January 16, 1943, to June 1, 1943, in order to assist M. W. Stir- ling, Chief of the Bureau, in archeological excavations near La Venta, in the State of Tabasco, Mexico. These excavations, constituting an important program of research among the Pan American republics, were sponsored jointly by the Smithsonian Institution and the Na- tional Geographic Society. Biology.—In pursuance of the program for the furtherance of cultural relations with scientists in the other American republics in cooperation with the Department of State, three members of the department of biology—Dr. Remington Kellogg, curator of mammals, Ellsworth P. Killip, associate curator of plants, and Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, curator of marine invertebrates—visited South America for periods of approximately 3 months each. Dr. Kellogg left Washington on March 2 for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and returned May 15, 1943. He spent most of his time working in collaboration with members of the staff at the Museu Nacional at Rio de Janeiro, with additional contacts at the Departamento de Zoologia at Sao Paulo and the Museu Goeldi at Belém. The work of field stations and laboratories engaged in the study and control of tropical diseases was observed, particular attention being given to research work involving Brazilian mammals suspected of being, or known to be, the hosts of vectors of transmissible diseases. Through the friendly cooperation of the Fundacao Rockefeller, Dr. Keiloge was enabled to spend a week at its yellow-fever field station near Therezopolis in the Serra das Orgaos. Mr. Killip was occupied during March, April, and most of May in Venezuela. Part of the time was given to field work and part to work with Dr. Henri Pittier, director of the Servicio Botanico, and his associates, in the identification of large collections recently made in little-known parts of the Republic. Short collecting trips were made to Santa Lucia in the State of Miranda, Rancho Grande in the Parque Nacional, Barquisimeto in the State of Lara, and El Junquito in the mountains near Caracas. At the invitation of O. E. Nelson, in charge of the Venezuelan office of the Rubber Reserve Corporation, Mr. Kil- lip accompanied a rubber-investigation party to the Rio Paragua, a river rising in the Pacaraima Mountains. Most of the plant collecting was done between the town of La Paragua and the Cerro Guaiquinima, a region that had never before been explored botanically. Dr. Schmitt left Miami, Fla., on April 13 for Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina, and returned to Washington on June 30, 1948. He con- sulted with members of the staffs of various scientific institutions and spent some time examining collections, particularly of fresh-water crustaceans, some of which have considerable economic importance. In Brazil he visited the Museu Nacional in Rio de Janeiro, the Univer- REPORT OF THY SECRETARY 21 sity of Sao Paulo and the Departamento de Zoologia at Sao Paulo, and the Museu Paranaense in Curityba. In Uruguay he studied at the Museo Nacional, the Museo Instituto Geolégico del Uruguay, the Museo de Pedagégico and the Museo de Ensefiaza Secundaria de Univer- sidad, all in Montevideo, and the museum of the Liceo in Paysandi. In Argentina he examined collections and visited the staff of the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales and the University at Buenos Aires, the La Plata Museum at La Plata, the Museo Cornelio Moyano and the Universidad de Cuyo, both at Mendoza, the Universidad de Cordoba at Cordoba, and the Universidad de Tucuman at Tucuman. The director and staff members of the laboratories of the Direccion Regional de Paludismo assisted him on numerous occasions through- out northern Argentina, particularly in Tucuman, Salta, and Jujuy. His field work, accomplished when time and other obligations per- mitted, included studies in Brazil at Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo, and at several localities in the vicinity of Curityba, Parana, in Uruguay at Paso de los Toros, Salto, and Paysandu, and in Argentina at Mendoza, Tucuman, Salta, San Lorenzo, and Quijano. Philip Hershkovitz, who before the outbreak of the war had started his investigations on the mammalian fauna of the northeastern part of Colombia under the Walter Rathbone Bacon Traveling Scholar- ship, between June 30, 1942, and April 16, 1943, worked mainly in the Department of Magdalena, Colombia. More recently Mr. Hershko- vitz has moved camp to the Department of Bolivar. M. A. Carriker, Jr., under the W. L. Abbott fund of the Smith- sonian Institution, continued work on the Colombian avifauna in northeastern Colombia, and Walter A. Weber, also traveling under the Abbott fund, accompanied the archeological expedition sponsored jointly by the Smithsonian Institution and the National Geographic Society to Tabasco, Mexico, during which expedition he cbtained about 600 specimens of birds for the Museum collections. Mr. Weber also visited the Instituto de Biologia at Mexico City. Geology—While field work for upbuilding the exhibits has been curtailed, researches in general geology were increased. Late in July Prof. A. S. Warthin, Jr., and Dr. G. A. Cooper left for a survey of Devonian rocks in Illinois and adjacent States. The purpose of the trip was to correlate isolated areas of Devonian exposures in Illinois with the better-known sequences in Missouri and Iowa, and for the first time such correlations were established in that promising area for new oil fields. After the return of Dr. Warthin, Dr. Cooper went . to southeastern Missouri to report on a deposit from which several bones of a dinosaur had been taken. Later in the year, under the cooperative work between the Depart- ment of State and the Smithsonian Institution, and as the result of a \ 22 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 special request by Ing. Luis Flores C., of the Instituto Geologico de México in Mexico City, Dr. Cooper was detailed to make an economic survey in Mexico. This field work, which was in connection with search for war minerals, resulted in the discovery of a long sequence of Cambrian rocks associated with ore deposits. Dr. W. F. Foshag, on detail from the Museum, spent the entire year in continuation of his work in Mexico supervising surveys for stra- tegic minerals for the United States Geological Survey. Only brief mention was made in last year’s report of the field ex- pedition of the Smithsonian Institution to Wyoming under the direc- tion of C. W. Gilmore, since it extended well into the present fiscal year. Accompanied by George F. Sternberg, George B. Pearce, and Alfonso Segura, of the Museo Nacional in San José, Costa Rica, the party spent 214 months in a systematic search of the Hat Creek Basin area, Niobrara County, Wyo., for Oligocene vertebrate fossils. This work resulted in assembling a collection which, when combined with the specimens obtained in 1932, gives the Museum for the first time an adequate representation of this important fauna. MISCELLANEOUS Visttors.—Curtailment of train and bus travel and the rationing of gasoline resulted in a further reduction in the number of visitors at the various Museum buildings. The total recorded during the year was 1,355,269, as against 2,042,817 for the previous year. The largest attendance for a single month was in August 1942, with 163,413 visitors, and the second largest was in July 1942, with 136,111. The attendance in the four Smithsonian and Museum buildings was as follows: Smithsonian building, 264,117; Arts and Industries build- ing, 516,910; Natural History building, 424,055; Aircraft building, 150,187. From November 1, 1942, to June 30, 1943, a separate count was made of members of the armed forces who visited the buildings dur- ing the first 7 days of each month. This count served to show that attendance by servicemen averaged 25 to 35 percent of the total number of visitors. Publications and printing.—The sum of $27,750 was available dur- ing the fiscal year for the publication of the Annual Report, Bulletins, and Proceedings of the National Museum. Publications issued num- bered 30—the Annual Report, 3 Bulletins, 1 Contribution from the » National Herbarium, and 25 Proceedings papers. A list of these pub- lications is given in the report on publications, appendix 10. Volumes and separates distributed during the year to libraries, institutions, and individuals throughout the world aggregated 55,631 copies. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY f 23 Special exhibits Twelve special exhibits were held during the year under the auspices of various educational, scientific, recreational, and governmental groups. In addition the department of engineering and industries arranged 27 special displays—12 in graphic arts and 15 in photography. CHANGES IN ORGANIZATION AND STAFF To afford a more usual description of the functions of Dr. Alexander Wetmore’s position, on January 16, 1948, his title was changed to Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution, Director, United States National Museum. In the department of anthropology Dr. Joseph E. Weckler, Jr., associate curator in the division of ethnology, resigned on January 6, 1943. Following the death of Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, head curator of the department of biology for many years, Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, curator of the division of marine invertebrates, was advanced to the position of head curator of the department on June 16, 1943. Dr. Doris M. Cochran’s title was changed on March 27, 1943, to associate curator in charge of the division of reptiles and batrachians. In the division of mollusks, Dr. Harald A. Rehder was reallocated to as- sociate curator and Dr. Joseph P. E. Morrison to assistant curator on September 1, 1942. On July 1, 1942, Walter A. Weber was ap- pointed assistant curator on the staff of the division of birds to succeed S. Dillon Ripley, II. During the absence of Frank A. Taylor, who is now on military duty, the head curator of the department of engineering and in- custries, Carl W. Mitman, assumed charge of the division. In the division of engineering Fred C. Reed was appointed acting associate curator on August 1, 1942, while Paul E. Garber is on military furlough. Other division of engineering staff appointments, to be effective only for the duration of the war, are: Kenneth M. Perry, advanced from exhibits worker to senior scientific aid, August 1, 1942; Burlie Parks, transferred from the Museum property office to the position of exhibits worker formerly held by Mr. Perry. Dr. Wallace E. Duncan, assistant curator, section of chemical industries, resigned on July 31, 1942. The vacancy caused by his resignation was filled November 2, 1942, by the transfer of Joseph W. Schutz from the Social Security Board. An honorary appointment was conferred on Dr. Walter K. Fisher as associate in zoology on June 25, 1943. The honorary title of Dr. T. Wayland Vaughan was chaneed on July 28, 1942, from associate in marine sediments, department of biology, to decorate in paleontol- 554702 24 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943. ogy in the department of geology, to represent his existing activities _ more properly. Employees furloughed for military duty during the year were as follows: Everett A. Altizer, on July 6, 1942; Paul E. Garber, on July 6, 1942; Samuel T. Fetterman, on July 20, 1942; Dr. Charles L. Gazin, on July 20, 1942; Preston L. Travers, on July 22, 1942; John L. Theunissen, on August 24, 1942; Ernest Desantis, on September 30, 1942; John B. J. Peck, on September 30, 1942; Glen P. Shephard, on October 15, 1942; Dr. Marshall T. Newman, on December 3, 1942; Harold W. McGiverin, on December 11, 1942; and Frank A. Taylor, on April 14, 1948. Furloughed for duty in private industry: Ed- ward Zuranski, on January 23, 1943, and Charles F. Huselstein, on May 28, 1943. Through the operation of the retirement act, Joseph H. Boswell, _ principal guard (sergeant), on June 30, 1943, retired at his own option with 17 years of government service. The year was marked by the death of several staff members long connected with the Museum. The death of Dr. Leonhard Stejneger on February 28, 1948, has deprived the Museum of one of its most widely known scientists. Harry S. Jones, principal mechanic, fore- man of electricians, died suddenly September 11, 1942; John D. Ray, junior laborer, died October 28, 1942; and Jennie T. Jackson, char- woman, on August 29, 1942. In addition to these the honorary staff lost Dr. Samuel W. Woodhouse, collaborator, section of ceramics, department of anthropology, by death on February 2, 1948, and Dr. Mary J. Rathbun, associate in zoology, department of biology, whose death occurred on April 4, 1943. Respectfully submitted. ALEXANDER Wetmore, Assistant Secretary, Director, U. S. National Museum. Dr. C. G. Axszor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 2 REPORT ON THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART Sm: I have the honor to submit, on behalf of the Board of Trustees of the National Gallery of Art, the sixth annual report of the Board covering its operations for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1943. This report is made pursuant to the provisions of the act of March 24, 1937 (50 Stat. 51), as amended by the public resolution ef April 13, 1939 (Pub. Res. No. 9, 76th Cong.). ORGANIZATHON AND STAFF During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1943, the Board was can- prised of the Chief Justice of the United States, Harlan F. Stone; the Secretary of State, Cordell Hull; the Secretary of the Treasury, Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; and the Secretary of the Smithsonian Insti- tution, Dr. C. G. Abbot, ex officio; and five general trustees, David K. E. Bruce, Duncan Phillips, Ferdinand Lammot Belin, Joseph E. Widener, and Samuel H. Kress. At its annual meeting held February 8, 1943, the Board reelected David K. E. Bruce, President, and Ferdinand Lammot Belin, Vice President, of the Board, to serve the ensuing year. The executive officers continuing in office during the year were Huntington Cairns, who succeeded Donald D. Shepard, resigned, as Secretary-Treasurer and General Counsel, and took office on January 18, 1943; David E. Finley, Director; Harry A. McBride, Administrator; John Walker, Chief Curator; and Macgill James, Assistant Director. During the year Donald D. Shepard was appointed Adviser to the Board; Elizabeth Mongan was appointed Curator of Painting, Decorative and Graphic Arts; and David Keppel was appointed Associate Curator of Prints. — The three standing committees of the Board, provided for in the bylaws, as constituted at the annual meeting of the Board, held Febru- ary 8, 1943, were: EXECUTIVE COMMITTEB Chief Justice of the United States, Harlan F. Stone, chairman David K. E. Bruce, vice chairman Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Dr. C. G. Abbot Ferdinand Lammot Belin Duncan Phillips 25 26 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 FINANCE COMMITTEE Secretary of the Treasury, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., chairman David K. E. Bruce, vice chairman Secretary of State, Cordell Hull Ferdinand Lammot Belin Samuel H. Kress ACQUISITIONS COMMITTEE ] David K. E. Bruce, chairman Ferdinand Lammot Belin, vice chairman Dunean Phillips Joseph EH. Widener David HE. Finley, ex officio All positions with the Gallery (with the exception of the executive and honorary officers) are filled from the registers of the United States Civil Service Commission or with its approval. By June 30, 1948, the permanent Civil Service staff numbered 232 employees. Since the opening of hostilities, 41 members of the staff, or approximately 18 percent, have joined the armed forces. APPROPRIATIONS For salaries and expenses, for the upkeep and operation of the National Gallery of Art, the protection and care of the works of art acquired by the Board, and all administrative expenses incident thereto, as authorized by the Act of March 24, 1937 (50 Stat. 51), as amended by the public resolution of April 13, 1939 (Pub. Res. No. 9, 76th Cong.), the Congress appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1943, the sum of $563,825.00. This amount includes regular appropriations of $541,365.00 and a supplemental deficiency appro- priation for the payment of “overtime compensation” authorized by the Acts of Congress in the amount of $22,460.00. From this appro- priation the following expenditures and encumbrances were made: EXPENDITURES AND HNCUMBRANCES IPETSOMAL/SEE VICES 17s ees Seas ECE See bea $449, 825. 00 J BREN aN ist) aves aca aKS Woe) Wea Win a gees ise AT a SUR i Si a NS ee °3, 506. 88 Supplies) yang! equipment, (ete 22 5 eee 108, 758. 15 Unencumbered balance. _2)__- 2 1, 734. 97 BN een Sh IRR Ss SER iF IRA ee SS BU ato eee $563, 825. 00 In addition to the above-mentioned appropriations aggregating $563,825.00, the Gallery received $32,264.58 from the Federal Works Agency, Public Buildings Administration, to cover expenses incurred in connection with the special protection of masterpieces of painting and sculpture which have been evacuated from the Gallery. REPORT OF THE! SECRETARY Dav ATTENDANCE The total attendance from July 1, 1942, to June 30, 1943, was 1,508,081, a daily average of 4,182 visitors, over 25 percent of this number being men and women in the uniformed military services. In spite of war conditions the number of visitors at the National Gallery of Art has been increasing. The first 6 months of the calendar year 1943 the attendance was 876,460, as compared with 577,860 during the first 6 months of 1942, while the attendance during June—the last month of the fiscal year—was 164,202 in 1943, compared with 91,810 in 1942. Among the activities contributing to the consistent growth of popu- larity of the Gallery are the Sunday night openings, the special exhi- bitions of contemporary art, the variety and excellence of the Sunday evening musical concerts, the Sunday night suppers for servicemen, and the Servicemen’s Room, which has furnished a place of relaxation for many men in the military services who, especially on week ends, visit the Gallery. PUBLICATIONS In the information rooms in the Gallery building, the Gallery con- tinues to pursue and expand its policy of making catalogs, color repro- ductions, and similar publications available to the public at moderate cost. There is also available, without charge, a general information booklet containing a short account of the history of painting and sculpture from the thirteenth to the nineteenth centuries, as illustrated by the Gallery’s collections, and clearly marked floor plans to guide visitors in their study of the various exhibits. The booklet is of great assistance to visitors and may be obtained at the information rooms on request. AIR-RAID PROTECTION The Gallery staff, which is organized to form five air-raid services, namely, fire, police (including morale), health (first aid), mainte- nance, and evacuation, has been kept in constant training through the medium of weekly building air-raid drills. Drills held in coordination with the District of Columbia authorities, when visitors were in the building, gave evidence of the measure of efficiency which has been reached by the protective organization in the Gallery. ACQUISITIONS GIFTS OF PRINTS On December 29, 1942, the Board of Trustees accepted from Mr. and Mrs. J. Watson Webb two sets of etchings by James Abbott 28 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 _ McNeill Whistler, and on February 8, 1943, the Board accepted from Mrs. J. Watson Webb an engraving of St. Jerome by Albrecht Durer; on March 15, 1943, the Board accepted from Lessing J. Rosenwald, a gift of his collection of prints and drawings, consisting of some 6,500 items; on April 12, 1943, the Board accepted from Mrs. George Nichols a gift of four prints; and on June 7, 1943, the Board accepted from David Keppel a gift of a set of Vedute by Piranesi. GIFTS OF PAINTINGS AND SCULPTURE On August 1, 1942, the Board of Trustees accepted from The A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust a gift of 62 paintings, 2 en- eravings, and a bronze bust of the late Andrew W. Mellon, by Jo Davidson; on September 3, 1942, the Board accepted from the Honor- able Frederic A. Delano a gift of a portrait of “Captain Warren Delano” by Charles Loring Elliott; on December 1, 1942, the Board accepted from Mrs. Jesse Isidor Straus a gift of a terra-cotta group, “La Surprise,” signed by Clodion; also on December 1, 1942, the Board accepted from Clarence Van Dyke Tiers two paintings, “Henry Pratt” by Thomas Sully, and the “Duke of Portland” by Matthew Pratt. On December 1, 1942, the Board accepted from Mrs. Robert Noyes a bequest of a portrait by Gilbert Stuart of “William Rickart.” On February 8, 1948, and on June 7, 1943, the Board of Trustees accepted from Chester Dale gifts of 23 paintings. On June 7, 1948, the Board accepted from Miss Ethlyn McKinney a gift of a painting by Childe Hassam, entitled “Allies Day, May 1917”; also on June 7, 1943, the Board accepted from J. H. Whittemore Company a gift of two paintings, “The White Girl” and “L’Andalouse,” both by Whistler. On June 7, 1943, the Board of Trustees accepted from the Works Progress Administration a donation of the Index of American Design consisting of 22,000 or more documented drawings and water colors made under the auspices of the United States Government as a pic- torial record of American source material in design and craftsmanship from early Colonial days to the close of the nineteenth century. Another notable gift was that of Joseph E. Widener, given to the Gallery in memory of his father, the late Peter A. B. Widener. This gift was made on September 9, 1942, and consisted of a collection of paintings, sculpture, tapestries, jewels, furniture, ceramics and other objects of art. In this collection the National Gallery of Art has received one of the greatest donations ever made to any museum. The Widener collection was begun many years ago by Peter A. B. Widener, who died in 1915. After his father’s death, Joseph Widener continued to build up the collection, and in his choice revealed a faultless dis- crimination, REPORT OF THE SECRETARY fs On March 18, 1948, the National Gallery of Art announced the gift of the famous collection of prints of Lessing J. Rosenwald. The col- lection consists of over 6,500 items, including representative examples of print-making from the fifteenth century to the present, a number of drawings, original wood blocks and copper plates, letters and valu- able reference books relating to the history of engraving. ‘The collec- tion was carefully built up by Mr. Rosenwald during the last 20 years. Because of his extraordinary knowledge and discrimination, he has brought together one of the greatest collections of the graphic arts ever assembled by a private individual. LOAN OF WORKS OF ART RETURNED During the year the following works of art which had been placed on loan at the Gallery were returned: To Dr. A. C. Miller the seven paintings loaned by him to the Gallery and listed in this report under the heading “Loans of Works of Art to the Gallery.” LOAN OF WORKS OF ART BY THE GALLERY During the year 13 architectural drawings of the National Gallery building by the late John Russell Pope were placed on loan with the National Academy of Design, New York, N. Y. EXHIBITIONS The following exhibitions were held at the National Gallery of Art during the last year: An exhibition of bronze busts of South American Presidents was shown in the West Garden Court of the Gallery from June 27 through July 19, 1942. The countries represented were Chile, Ecua- dor, Uruguay, Venezuela, Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Colom- bia, and Brazil. Sponsored by Life magazine, an exhibition of 118 paintings of military life and activities done in oils, water colors, and charcoal by artists serving in the United States armed forces was shown in the Gallery from July 5 through August 2, 1942. A group of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century prints from the Gallery’s own collection was exhibited from August 7 through Sep- tember 29, 1942. An exhibition of Chilean Contemporary Art consisting of 150 oil paintings, water colors, drawings, and prints selected from the great Chilean Exhibition assembled by the University of Chile during the observance of the 400th anniversary of Santiago, Chile’s capital, was shown in the Gallery from October 10 through November 8, 1942. 30 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 An exhibition of 350 war posters sponsored by Artists for Victory, Inc., was shown in the Gallery from January 9 through February 19, 1943. An exhibition of drawings and water colors on loan from French museums and others was held in the Gallery from February 28 through March 28, 1943. An exhibition of Whistler etchings, the gift of Mrs. J. Watson Webb, was shown in the Gallery from February 28 through March 28, 1943. The Thomas Jefferson Bicentennial Exhibition, commemorating the two-hundredth anniversary of his birth, was held at the National Gallery of Art from April 13 through May 15, 1948. Displayed were numerous portraits of Thomas Jefferson, as he appeared to his con- temporaries during his long and varied career. A unique set of por- traits of the first five Presidents, painted by Gilbert Stuart, formed an important group. There were also portraits of Jefferson’s friends and contemporaries, including Houdon, the celebrated French sculp- tor, and Gilbert Stuart. Included in the exhibition were architectural drawings of buildings Jefferson designed, among them Monticello, the Virginia Capitol at Richmond, and the University of Virginia. An exhibition of American paintings, gifts from The A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, Chester Dale, and Clarence Van — Dyke Tiers, was held in the Gallery from May 25 through June 18, 1943. Life magazine also sponsored an exhibition of 125 paintings made by leading American artists in cooperation with the War Department, in United States battle zones, which was shown in the Gallery from June 20 through July 20, 1943. An exhibition of prints, water colors, and books by William Blake, from the Lessing J. Rosenwald collec- tion, was opened to the public on Easter Sunday, April 25, 1943, and has been on exhibition in the Gallery since that date. SALE OR EXCHANGE OF WORKS OF ART During the year no works of art belonging to the Gallery were sold — or exchanged. LOANS OF WORKS OF ART TO THE GALLERY During the year the following works of art were received on loan: From the Belgian Government : Title Artist SFE ea © TTS TUTE Te ae a OTR A Aertsen, Pieter D Befeh OReW NYAS ceva ATCA Ss ME Mons Cea ae ee ae Sa NCS We a Bles, Herri met de Nara MOT te wale) RN eh Te Aaa aaa ye yl Sed Brueghel, Jan, the elder Ibe) Jeehealoolke: Chor Syne res ee Brueghel, Pieter, the elder IDEY \Wiieuefexew ey Vey SKoubh aves, 2 Ubud ew cys I a AS ie David, Gerard REPORT OF THE SECRETARY | 31 Title Artist PSEEU Ted EaPe cD SS Dae a Ri ee DR pee Goes, H. van der Saint Ives Patron des Avocats__-___---_-- Jordaens, Jacob La Martyre de Saint Sebastien_________________ Memling, Hans BORiAline CuOmmnee Lene Oe TT NTA 2k Mostaert, Jan Portrait de Georges de Zelle, Medecin-__________ Orley, B. van La Sagesse Victorieuse de la Guerre et de la Diseorde, sous le Gouvernement de Jacques I CAM STS terre iss ETN Oe Ty ee Bek Tae ed ey) Rubens, Peter Paul La Vierge au Myosotis_____-__________ __.______ Rubens, Peter Paul iWanCoirnlande: Ges) Wleurse . ss a Seghers, Daniel Apolloncetiles Muses! 20 a Ne ea Vos, Martin de From Chester Dale, New York, N. Y.: Art reference library, large rug, and desk From National Collection of Fine Arts, Washington, D. C.: ’ Oil painting, High Cliff, Coast of Maine, by Winslow Homer From Dr. A. C. Miller, Washington, D. C. Title Artist Madonna and Child oi )4 8) ee Lucas Cranach, the elder Bontraih vote Mian ee ee Sir Anthony Van Dyck TEXOLE TEL ere NT Gh CON eees Weak Ire Wa Denese tes an MOSUL ee TTR Ambrosius Benson Toes ie Bh Von yn ee Ambrosius Benson J EX@IEURTEPEUTIEE COME WEE ITN EF Tye ea ire Ey Barthel Bruyn, the elder Portrait of a Man on Parchment______- Peter Gertner Portrait of a Woman on Parechment___. Peter Gertner From John 8. Broome, Washington, D. C.: Oil painting, Lost on the Grand Banks, by Winslow Homer VARIOUS GALLERY ACTIVITIES The Sunday evening concerts, which were instituted on June 7, 1942, primarily for the benefit of service men and women and war workers in the city, have been so successful that they have been con- tinued. The exhibition galleries have been open from 2:00 to 10:00 p-m. each Sunday evening throughout the year. Concerts of orchestral music and string quartets have been provided with funds donated by Chester Dale, and by The A. W. Mellon Educational and Chari- table Trust, and later from the Gallery’s trust fund received from The A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust. In addition, concerts have been donated by such well-known artists as Albert Spalding, violinist, Frances Nash, pianist, and by artists in the armed forces attached to the Navy School of Music, the Army Music School, the Army Air Forces Band. The Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo contributed a performance in the East Garden Court on May 2, 1943, especially for the wounded servicemen from the local hospitals. 554702—43—_6 32 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 CURATORIAL DEPARTMENT The curatorial work for the year consisted of the installation of over 600 works of art from the Widener collection, and of 173 other gifts, and of 18 temporary exhibitions; in giving various lectures on the collections and related fields in conjunction with the program of the educational department; and in further cataloging the works of art. A check list of the works of art in the Widener collection, with an introduction, was compiled and printed, and a new general information pamphlet was devised and printed for free distribution to visitors at the Gallery. During the past year the staffs of the curatorial and the educational departments have collaborated in issuing a catalog, a portfolio of colored reproductions, and nine pamphlets dealing with the Gallery and its collections. Six members of the staff have contributed twelve articles to several periodicals and pamphlet series. Two books and several articles are currently in preparation. In the course of the year, approximately 9,420 works of art were submitted to the acquisitions committee ( en dine 1,945 prints from the Widener collection and approximately 6,500 from the Rosenwald | collection) with recommendations regarding their acceptability for the collections of the National Gallery of Art; 21 private collections were visited in connection with offers to the Gallery of gifts or loans; 126 consultations were held concerning over 250 works of art brought to the Gallery for expert opinion; 11 visits were made outside the Gallery to give expert opinion; and 32 letters were written in answer to inquiries involving research in the history of art. RESTORATION AND REPAIR OF WORKS OF ART During the year, as authorized by the Board and with the approval of the Director and Chief Curator, Stephen Pichetto, Consultant Restorer to the Gallery, together with his staff, has undertaken such restoration and repair of paintings and sculpture in the collection as has been found to be necessary. All this work was earried on in the restorer’s rooms in the Gallery except in one case, when an unusually delicate and complicated restoration was required; this painting is being restored in Mr. Pichetto’s studios in New York. WORKS OF ART STORED IN A PLACE OF SAFEKEEPING Karly in January 1942, a limited number of fragile and irreplace- able works of art in the Gallery collections were removed to a place of greater safety. These works, stored in a place adapted for the purpose, have since been under constant guard by members of the REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 30 Gallery’s guard force and under supervision and inspection by a member of the curatorial staff of the Gallery. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM The attendance (97,000) for the educational program was double that of the previous year (47,000). The Gallery tours of the collection, conducted twice diy’ Mon- day through Friday, and once on Saturday, have been supplemented by tours for service men and women on Saturdays. In addition to these tours, slide lectures on the collection, given by members of the eel and educational lesqumers. were continued, and more than 22,000 persons attended the consistently popular feature, the “Picture of the Week,” a 10-minute discussion of single paintings. New features introduced by the department during the past year included film lectures, music lectures, and noon-hour concerts of re- corded music, all of which have been well attended. Changes in personnel due to wartime conditions placed unusual responsibilities and added work on the members of the department and because of this increased pressure it was not possible for the edu-. cational staff to assume extra assignments. The following projects, however, were completed: cataloging the collection of approximately 3,500 slides; preparation of manuscripts for lectures on the Gallery for the Federation of Women’s Clubs; slide lecture on the Gallery, for circulation by the American Federation of Arts; various articles for publication in art magazines; and the planning and supervision of the motion picture on the National Gallery of Art. This motion picture was completed in June 19438, by the Gallery staff in coopera- tion with the Office of Strategic Services. Accompanied by a special musical score and commentary, the film includes views of the ex- terior and interior of the building, air-conditioning and lighting ~ equipment, and a color sequence showing many of the outstanding works of art on exhibition. It is expected that the film will be widely circulated among educational institutions and the general public in this country and abroad. LIBRARY A total of 746 books and 106 pamphlets and periodicals were pre- sented to the Gallery; 33 books and 110 pamphlets and periodicals were purchased by the Gallery; 472 photographs and drawings were presented as gifts; 27 books and 316 pamphlets and periodicals were acquired through exchange; 1 film was presented as a gift, and 22 subscriptions to periodicals were made. 84 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT Prints totaling 11,401, 459 black-and-white slides, and 2,034 color slides have been made by the photographic laboratory. The prints have been placed on file in the library, where they are for sale and for the use of the Gallery staff. The slides have been made avail- able for the staff in connection with the public lectures given in the Gallery and have likewise been lent to lecturers outside the Gallery and to other galleries. OTHER GIFTS During the year there were gifts to the Gallery of plants for the garden courts; also certain expenses were paid by others on behalf of the Gallery, the donors being Mrs. William Corcoran Eustis, David E. Finley, Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection of Harvard University, Life magazine, The A. W. Mellon Edu- cational and Charitable Trust, and the Toledo Museum of Art. Gifts of money were made to the Gallery during the year by Mrs. Florence Becker, Maj. Curtis Bryan, Chester Dale, Mrs. William Corcoran Eustis, David E. Finley, Mrs. David E. Finley, Sr., S. R. Guggenheim, Samuel H. Kress and Samuel H. Kress Foundation, Lt. Paul Mellon, Mrs. Stephen §. Pichetto, Donald D. Shepard, Mrs. Gertrude Clarke Whittall, Joseph E. Widener, Avalon Founda- tion, and The A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust. AUDIT OF PRIVATE FUNDS OF THE GALLERY An audit has been made of the private funds of the Gallery for _the year ended June 30, 1943, by Price, Waterhouse & Co., a nation- ally known firm of public accountants, and the certificate of that company on its examination of the accounting records maintained for such funds has been submitted to the Gallery. Respectfully submitted. FE, L. Benin, Acting President. Dr. C. G. Axsor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 3 REPORT ON THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS Str: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activi- ties of the National Collection of Fine Arts for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1943: fj APPROPRIATIONS For the administration of the National Collection of Fine Arts by the Smithsonian Institution, including compensation of necessary employees, purchase of books of reference and periodicals, traveling expenses, uniforms for guards, and necessary incidental expenses, $31,- 993 was appropriated, of which $20,487.44 was expended for the care and maintenance of the Freer Gallery of Art, a unit of the National Collection of Fine Arts. The balance was spent for the care and up- keep of the National Collection of Fine Arts, nearly all of this sum being required for the payment of salaries, traveling expenses, pur- chase of books and periodicals, and necessary disbursements for the care of the collection. THE SMITHSONIAN ART COMMISSION Owing to crowded transportation and hotel facilities, it was decided to omit the December 1942 annual meeting of the Smithsonian Art Commission. Several proffered gifts of art works have been deposited with the National Collection of Fine Arts to be passed upon at the next meeting of the Commission. The Commission lost two of its members by death during the year. John HK. Lodge, a member of the Commission since its inception and chairman of the subcommittee on Oriental art, died December 29, 1942, and Charles L. Borie, a member of the Commission since 1926 and chairman since 1935, died May 11, 1948. THE CATHERINE WALDEN MYER FUND Fourteen miniatures, water color on ivory, were acquired from the fund established through the bequest of the late Catherine Walden Myer, as follows: 28. “Portrait of a Man,” by Raphael Peale (1774-1825) ; from Miss Dora Lamb, Chattanooga, Tenn. 35, 36 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 29. “Portrait of Mr. Lewis,’ by James Peale (1749-1881) ; from Edmund Bury, Philadelphia, Pa. 30. “Portrait of a Man,” by Walter Robertson (before 1765-1802) ; from Card & Osborne, Ine., Washington, D. C. 31. “Emily Appleton,’ by Sarah Goodridge (1788-1853) ; from Miss Bessie J. Howard, Boston Mass. 32. “Portrait of a Lady,” by an unknown artist; from Miss Bessie J. Howard, Boston, Mass. 33. “Beulah Appleton,” by Sarah Goodridge (1788-1853) ; from Gimbel Bros., New York City. 34. “Dr. William Beckman,” by Alexander Robertson (1772-1841) ; from Gimbel Bros., New York City. 35. “John Trumbull Ray,” by Thomas S. Cummings (1804-1894) ; from Gimbel Bros., New York City. 36. “Edward Appleton,” by Sarah Goodridge (1788-1853) ; from Miss Bessie J. Howard, Boston, Mass. 37. “Matilda Barrington,” by Elkanah Tisdale (about 1771—-after 1834) ; from Miss Bessie J. Howard, Boston, Mass. 38. “Portrait of a Young Lady,” by Robert Fulton (1765-1815) ; from Miss Bessie J. Howard, Boston, Mass. 39. “Self Portrait,’ by Sarah Goodridge (1788-1853) ; from Miss Bessie J. Howard, Boston, Mass. 40. “Mr. Hargreaves,” by Thomas Hargreaves (1775-1846) ; from Stephen K. Nagy, Philadelphia, Pa. 41. “Portrait of M. B.,’ by Philip A. Peticolas (1760-1843) ; from Mrs. Dora Lee Curtis, Arlington, Va. LOANS ACCEPTED An oil painting, “Maid of the Mist,” by Thomas Cole (1801-1848), was lent by Mrs. L. T. Gager. A marble bust of Hon. Charles Evans Hughes, by Bryant Baker, was lent by Mr. Hughes. The following were lent ancnymously : 435 Chinese jade ornaments; 122 Chinese jade, stone, glass, and porcelain snuff bottles; 44 Chinese mirrors; 1 Imperial plate, Kuang Hsu (1875-1912), dragon design in cobalt blue, with stand; 1 Flambé or transmutation copper glaze bowl, Yung Chéng or Ch’ien Lung, eighteenth century, with stand; 1 Imperial bowl, K’ang Hsi (1662-1722), phoenix and dragon design, blue, white, and peachblow, and 1 Imperial tea bowl, K’ang Hsi (1662- 1722), Imperial yellow with dragons in green and aubergine. LOANS TO OTHER MUSEUMS AND ORGANIZATIONS An oil portrait, “Alice Barney with Jabot,” by Alice Barney, was lent to the Society of Washington Artists to be shown in connection with their exhibition held at the Corcoran Gallery of Art from Janu- ary 23 to February 14, 1943. (Returned February 20, 1943.) A miniature, “Portrait of a Colonial Gentleman,” signed “Copley 1773,” No. 20 in the Catherine Walden Myer Fund Collection, was REPORT OF THH SECRETARY od lent to the Worcester Art Museum to be included in a loan exhibition “New England Painting, 1700-1775” held at the Worcester Art Mu- seum in collaboration with the American Antiquarian Society, Febru- ary 17 to March 31, 1943. (Returned May 8, 1943.) A bronze bust of Jeanne d’Arc, by Berthe Girardet, with a pedestal, was lent to the Hecht Co., where it was shown March 18 to 31, 1948, in connection with a drive for the recruiting of WAC’s, An oil painting, “High Cliff, Coast of Maine,” by Winslow Homer, was lent to the National ollie of Art on May 15, 1943, subject to recall by the Smithsonian Institution at any time. WITHDRAWALS BY OWNERS Two oil paintings, “Henry, First Earl of Mulgrave,” by Sir Thomas Lawrence, and “Landscape with Cottage,” by Hobbema, were with- drawn from the Perkins Collection by their owners, Mrs. Feroline Wallach and Mrs. Mabel Ruggles, respectively, on July 14, 1942. An oil painting, “Portrait of Theophilus Parsons, First Chief Jus- tice of Massachusetts,” by Gilbert Stuart, was withdrawn by the owner, Theophilus Parsons, on October 1, 1942. A pair of Meissen ewers was sighslearta by the owners, Mr. and Mrs. J. D. Patten, on November 10, 1942. A miniature, Portail ofa Bow? by Joseph Wood, was withdrawn by the owner, Miss Sarah Lee, on March 23, 1943. THE HENRY WARD RANGER FUND PURCHASES The paintings purchased by the Council of the National Academy of Design from the fund provided by the Henry Ward Ranger bequest, which, under certain conditions, are prospective additions to the National Collection of Fine Arts, and the names of the institutions ~ to which they have been assigned, are as follows: } Title Artist ee | Assignment 115. Wreck at Lobster Cove___ ae WanterNir LAv i eAtprillO4 Qe |i 2s eae a ia ay aaa ane 1893—) . 116. Farm in Winter___._____- Milton W. Holm (1903 —)__}____- doses Greenville Public Library, Greenville, S. C. 117. Old Chinese Gulch______- Emil J. Kosa, Jr. (1903 —)___| April 1941_] The Montgomery Museum of . poe Arts, Montgomery, 118. Arrangement____.__-____- cae B. O’Toole, A.N. A. |____- dove The Bienes ille Pople Library, (19 Bronxville, N. ao Murbelowsee 2224829288 there Sterner, N. A. (1863 | May 1942 - SU GEE OLY Callens, Shawnee, a THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS REFERENCE LIBRARY A total of 1,103 publications (527 volumes and 576 pamphlets) were accessioned during the year. This number includes 258 volumes and 38 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 66 pamphlets added by purchase, and 77 volumes of bound periodicals. The Parke-Bernet priced catalogs accounted for 53 volumes and 60 pamphlets among the purchases. Miss Anna M. Link was appointed librarian October 16, 1942. OTHER ACTIVITIES The following paintings have been cleaned or restored since July 1, 1942: “The Storm King on the Hudson,” by Samuel Colman, was relined. “Mountain Scene,” by F. EH. Church, was cleaned. “Mountain Scene,” by I. Diday, was cleaned. “Painting Representing Falls, supposed to be Genesee Falls, N. Y.” by William Winstanley, was relined and restored. From the geologic formation seen in the painting, it was determined that the falls could not be Genesee Falls of New York, but could be part of the Great Falls of the Potomac. This painting belonged to George Washington and is now the property of the division of history ot the National Museum. “Moonlight Scene from a Grotto on a Rocky Coast,” by an unknown artist, was cleaned. This painting belonged to George Washington and is now the property of the division of history of the National Museum. “Portrait of Judge Denny,’ by Thomas Sully, was relined. Property of the Supreme Court. “Portrait of Col. Timothy Pickering’? was varnished and the frame restored. Property of the War Department. Advice and supervision was given the United States Capitol re- garding the large Halsall naval painting, “The Monitor and Merri- mac,” painted in 1884. Hight exhibition cases containing ancient necklaces, rare Persian paintings, ceramics, jewelry, cameo glass, and miniatures were moved from the first floor to the ground floor. Hight of the antique wooden and terra-cotta statues in the Gellatly Collection are now shown on shelves against a monk’s-cloth back- ground. The rearrangement made possible the removal of two large pedestals, greatly improving the general appearance of the large gallery. Another rearrangement made possible by the addition of two exhibi- tion cases has brought together nearly all the rare Chinese glass, jade, and pottery. K. T. Wu and C. M. Wang, of the Library of Congress, translated the inscription on the Northern Wei stele (357, Gellatly Collection), and made a number of rubbings of this Chinese statue. The huge vase showing a copy of Guido Reni’s “Aurora” and a self portrait of Guido Reni (226, Pell Collection) was appropriately placed in the center of the National Museum rotunda. The largest task of the year, was the making of a sheet catalog with cross references of the paintings and sculpture of the collection. The REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 39 works of art were carefully described and identified both as to artist and subject, but there still remain some dates and measurements to be checked. SPECIAL EXHIBITIONS The following exhibitions were held: July 1 through 27, 1942.—Exhibition of 20 oil paintings, 17 water colors, 2 pastels, by Sefiorita Carmen Madrigal Nieto, of Costa Rica, and 1 map of Costa Rica and 1 vacation advertisement, was spon- sored by the Minister of Costa Rica, Sefior Dr. Don Luis Fernandez, and the Pan American Union. September 15 through 30, 1942—¥xhibition of 380 oil paintings by Sefiorita Pachita Crespi, of Costa Rica, was sponsored by the Minister of Costa Rica, Sefior Dr. Don Luis Fernandez, and the Pan American Union. November § through 29, 1942.—Exhibition of 61 oil paintings by Frank C. Kirk, of New York City. December 12, 1942, through January 17, 1943.—¥Exhibition of 95 miniatures by 46 members of the Pennsylvania Society of Miniature Painters. January 8 through 31, 1943.—Exhibition of 50 oil paintings and 10 designs on Lenox vases and platters by Simon Lissim, of New York City. February 5 through 28, 1943.—Exhibition of 70 water colors by - Leonora Quarterman, of Savannah, Ga. June 4 through 27, 1943. Exhibition of 46 oil paintings by Walter King Stone, of Ithaca, N. Y. Ten special graphic arts exhibits were held in the gallery as follows: July 15 through August 30, 1942.—Exhibition of 32 “Prints by 24 Masters,” selected from the collection of the division of graphic arts. September 1942—Exhibition of 35 prints by “Pop” Hart, selected from the collection of the division of graphic arts. October 1942.—Exhibition of 37 pencil drawings by Mrs. Beatrice Field, of Winchester, Mass. November 1942.—Exhibition of 35 wood cuts and linoleum cuts by Norman Kent, of Geneva, N. Y. December 1942.—Exhibition of 35 etchings by Ralph Fabri, of New York, N. Y. January 1943.—Exhibition of 30 color prints by the American Color Print Society. February 1943.—Exhibition of 18 lithographs by Peter Hurd, of San Patricio, N. Mex. March 1943.—Exhibition of 27 etchings and 7 pen drawings by Mrs. Helen Miller, New York, N. Y. 554702—43——7 40 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 April 1943—Exhibition of 35 etchings by James McBey, of New York, N. Y. | May 1943.—Exhibition of 12 drypoints and 20 wax-pencil drawings by George T. Tobin, of New Rochelle, N. Y. | PUBLICATIONS Torman, R. P. Report on the National Collection of Fine Arts for the year ended June 30, 1942. Appendix 3, Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution for the year ended June 30, 1942, pp. 46-50. Lovce, J. H. Report on the Freer Gallery of Art for the year ended June 30, 1942. Appendix 4, Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution for the year ended June 30, 1942, pp. 51-55. Respectfully submitted. R. P. Totman, Acting Director. Dr. C. G. AxBgort, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 4 REPORT ON THE FREER GALLERY OF ART Str: I have the honor to submit the twenty-third annual report on the Freer Gallery of Art for the year ended June 30, 1948. THE COLLECTIONS Additions to the collections by purchase are as follows: BRONZE 42.14 Chinese, 14th to 12th century B. C. Shang dynasty. Ceremonial covered: vessel of the type yu in the form of two horned owls standing back to back. Patination: Outside, gray-green with much red (cuprite) in the furrows of the design ; inside, bare metal with incrustations of malachite, euprite and azurite. 0.236 x 0.213 over all. (Illustrated.) GOLD 43.1. Persian, 10th century (A. D. 967-977). Btyid period. Small ewer of yellow gold. Decoration chiseled in high relief on a delicately granu- lated ground, and engraved. Two inscriptions in excellent Kufie script, the upper reading: “Blessing and happiness and power to Abu Mansur al-Amir Bakhtiyar ibn Mu‘izz ad-Dawla. May God prolong his days.” The lower inscription repeats good wishes. H. 0.137; over all 0.160. Weight: 503 grams. (Illustrated.) 43.8 Persian, 11th to 12th century. Medal, with designs executed in relief: Obverse: a bearded king, enthroned ; two attendants. Reverse: the same king, mounted, with a falcon on his left hand. He is accompanied by an eagle and is trampling a dragon. Diameter: 0.048. PAINTING 43.2. Persian (Mesopotamia), A. D. 1224. Baghdad school. By ‘Abdallah ibn al-Fadl. Leaf from an Arabic translation of the Materia Medica of Dioscorides. Book IV, Caps. 83-84. Two miniatures in color: A. Mushrooms. B. Autumn Crocus. Text in naskht script; two rubrics. Paper leaf: 0.820 x 0.225. PAINTING AND CALLIGRAPHY 42.15. A leaf from a royal album upon which are mounted: A. Indian, 17th century, Mughal. By Bichitr. The Emperor Jahan- gir, enthroned upon an hourglass, receiving the homage of a mullah, two Huropean courtiers and a native prince. In colors and gold. Signature. 0.275 x 0.180. 41 42 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 B. Indo-Persian, 18th century (A. D. 1727). By Muhammad Sadiq. Floral borders painted in naturalistic style on a gold ground. Signature. Gr. W. 0.060. C. Persian, early 17th century: a page of nasta‘liqg writing by sad al- Hasani (on the reverse side). 42.16. A’ leaf from a royal album (as above) on which are mounted: A. Indian, 17th century. Mughal. School of Shah Jahan. An imag- inary meeting between the Emperor Jahangir and Shah ‘Abbas ib, who are attended by two courtiers with gifts. In colors and gold. 0.275 x 0.200. B. Indo-Persian, 18th century (A. D. 1727). By Muhammad Sadiq. Floral borders, dated. Gr. W. 0.060. ; tia), C. Persian, early 17th century (A. D. 1608). A page of nasta‘lig writing by ‘Imad al-Hasani (on the reverse side). 42.17. Two leaves from a royal album (as above) on which are mounted: 42.18. A. Indian, 17th century. Mughal, school of Shah Jahan. Shah Jahan holding a night audience for a large company of mullahs: a double-page composition mounted on two facing pages. In color and gold. 0.305 x 0.460 over all. B. Indo-Persian, 18th century (A. D. 1727). By Muhammad Sadiq. Floral borders. Signature and date. Gr. W. 0.048. C. Persian, 17th century. Two pages of nasta‘liq script, unsigned (on the reverse sides). PORCELAIN 42.19. Chinese, A. D. 1662-1722. Ch‘ing dynasty, K‘ang Hsi period. Ching-té Chén. Flower vase with “ox-blood” glaze. H. o. 176. 42.20. Chinese, A. D. 1662-1722. Ch‘ing dynasty, K‘ang Msi period. Ching-té Chén. Wlower vase with “peach-bloom” glaze. Six-character mark in underglaze blue. Ivory stand. H. o. 198. 43.5. Chinese, A. D. 1662-1772. Ch‘ing dynasty, K’ang Hsi period. Ching-té Chén. Circular, covered box for seal cinnabar, with a “peach-bloom” glaze. Six-character mark in underglaze blue. ~ 0.072 x 0.036. 43.6. Chinese, A. D. 1662-1722. Ch‘ing dynasty, K‘ang Hsi period. Ching-té 43.7. Chén. Two water-pots glazed in very pale greenish-blue inside and out. Both have a six-character mark in underglaze blue. a, 0.087 x 0.087; b, 0.089 x 0.088. POTTERY 43.4. Chinese, 7th to 10th century. ‘Tang dynasty. Sepulchral vase with serpent handles; slightly beveled foot and concave base. Body of a hard, close-grained, buff-white clay, covered with a transparent glaze tending to pale green. 0.529x 0.286. (Illustrated.) 42.21. Chinese, 11th to 12th century. Sung dynasty. Chii-lu hsien. Pillow, Square in section with concave sides; vent-hole in one end. Body of hard, buff clay covered with a faintly crackled glaze over an ivory- white slip. A Ch‘ien Lung (18th century) inscription of 78 characters and 2 seals painted in reddish-brown. 0.124 square x 0.209 over all. 42.13. Persian, 11th century. So-called Aghkand. Bowl, shallow, flat rimmed; low ring foot. Body of soft, red earthenware covered with a thin, transparent glaze of greenish cast over a white slip. Bird decora- tion incised with areas of the design colored green, yellow, and aubergine underglaze. 0.076 x 0.288. (Ilustrated.) Secretary's Report, 1943,—Appendix 4 PLATE 1 42.13 RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE COLLECTION OF THE FREER GALLERY OF ART. Secretary's Report, 1943, —Appendix 4 PLATE 2 42.14 RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE COLLECTION OF THE FREER GALLERY OF ART. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 43 43.3. Persian, early 13th century. Kashan. Large, shallow bowl with flaring rim and bold foot ring (repairs; restorations in the rim). Body of soft, firm, buff clay covered with an opaque white glaze. Decoration painted in turquoise green, blue, dark red, aubergine, and flesh-color over- glaze. Inside: the assault by a band of horsemen upon a walled town defended by bowmen; outside: six hero scenes. Inscription in black naskhi script. 0.111 x 0.478. The work of the curatorial staff has been devoted to the study and recording of the new acquisitions listed above and to other Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, and Syrian objects submitted for purchase. In addition to this work within the collection, 1,941 objects of Oriental provenance and 235 photographs of such objects were examined, and oral or written reports made upon them. Written translations of 105 inscriptions in Oriental languages were made upon request. In addi- tion to this regular curatorial work, that contributing to the war services which occupied a major part of the time of the staff is sum- marized as follows: WAR WORK Aside from answering many inquiries from, and supplying infor- mation to, various Government agencies, a considerable amount of translation has been made for the Government from both Chinese: and Japanese sources, amounting to hundreds of pages of typewrit- ten matter. Work upon maps of the war areas has entailed the identi- fication and transliteration of Chinese and Japanese names to the number of more than 5,000. This work is continuing. In May 1948 three lectures on Chinese culture as reflected in the fine arts were given at the Freer Gallery by the Director in response to the combined request of the United States Office of Education and the acting superintendent of the public schools of the District of Columbia, in furtherance of their plan to disseminate knowledge of China in the public schools. The audiences were composed of Wash- ington teachers (total number 264). The subjects of the lectures were as follows: May 8: A short discussion of art in general. China and her people. May 15: Bronze and jade. Purpose and use. May 22: Chinese painting. A lecture on Asiatic painting, illustrated with Freer Gallery slides, was given by Miss Guest on October 2, 1942, in the St. Francis Audi- torium of the Art Museum, Santa Fe, N. Mex., for the benefit of the Indian Service Club. The sum realized ($160) made possible the Christmas boxes sent by the club to its members in the armed forces in this country and abroad. 44 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 CHANGES IN EXHIBITION Four hundred eighty-eight changes were made in exhibition, as follows: Arabic}(Amida)), painting se. Aba areal sister al Bel) seis 2 @hineses TOI Ze a Nel Ny SEN ei TARE es SENN 103 MTA Se gr Gh Ais a Ue NNN 0 A Sr cl 6 OME S Cy CLC oo I EA ea nas A SSO 164 @hin'ese mar bl Cases Vs ees eave Eve ey OUR accusam a CEA ee 2 @himeSe! poe Umib LT ee ee ae a a NA ek DE 38 Chinese porcelain ee LA Mal rei eke Sean ne LEB AN Coa nas 14 @hinNe se: sMOCLET ye oe ee Es Ae eee aS iene ed 95 CDT CSO SE OH Ts Na A EO 2 @HIMESE GSTVE T= Sl fee Ts CAIN SARE RERUN Sa NDE ele ad 6 Chinesetsculpturey: DRomze cus ia eve eilanehd eee ieee a 10 @hinese ‘sculpture; stone 208 sale a ee PE ink 2 IDeay Queene | NOSE] OW ee Ne 1 ISO E ANT MOT O1NZ Cees Ue SI aL a UE Sa It SORE ATs POLLCT y= 2 = ses Ae Oe pe FO Ee TERS esa 39 FRErSTAT MO CLOT yo: Hak wma LUAU Ce eo ea Bee Neal eee CLINT AS a 2 Or Sian yS Mwy er ss eee Se NON A UI ASN a ce a 1 ATTENDANCE The Gallery has been open to the public every day from 9 until 4:30 o’clock with the exception of Mondays, Christmas Day and New Year’s Day. The total attendance of visitors coming in at the main entrance was 53,700. Sixty-nine other visitors on Mondays bring the grand total to 53,769. The total attendance on weekdays was 30,759; Sundays, 22,941. ‘The average weekday attendance was 118; the average Sun- day attendance, 441. The highest monthly attendance was in August, with 5,832 visitors; the lowest in December, with 2,571 visitors. There were 1,026 visitors to the main office during the year; the purposes of their visits were as follows: HOB I SENET AT LFA LO mae ea UN a le aa AR LA Rt ee 316 Mo;seer Obj CES in WS OTA ewe ei Si i A ARSE UL at RM eA a A 175 War astern paimtings) aid tex til egies swi ne teen oo) sec lea eee eae 37 Near Hastern paintings and manuscripts___________-___________ 27 Oriental pottery, jade, glass, bronze, sculpture, lacquer, and | FEN Oil] 0X0 XO pe Bek Mit ee US EL Si aya REA AN WE Uv eae SMR eee EGE rg eh va Me 82 By ZAM tM Sh OM} C CESS ee NaS een NNR yrange lle NUS A Ge 9 UCR OLDGTACLO: SV OHV URSCTO DU) a aE 20 Mos rea des Une Neey elilora rye ee nee UN Ree Tee ty AEE aa cn NOS eu nh eee 168 To make tracings and sketches from library books______________-___ 18 Po) see, building Gand installation: 252 602 yy Se 14 To obtain permission to photograph or sketch ____----________--_- 7 Norsubmit (objects) forme xanmnin ation: eee ee aa ea ee 97 To; see"Inembers' of thelistahte 2.55 0) en re ae et 163 To see exhibition galleries on Monday__________________________-__ 11 To examine or purchase photographs REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 45 DOCENT SERVICE Hight groups were given docent service in the exhibition galleries _ (total 415); four groups were given instruction in the study room _ (total 21). PERSONNEL It is with great sadness that we have to record the death on December 29, 1942, of John Ellerton Lodge, Director of the Freer Gallery from its beginning in the autumn of 1920. Under his wise administration the Freer collections and endowment were founded as a public institution for the further prosecution of the study and the acquisition of Oriental fine arts. Both branches of this work were developed simultaneously. The first led to the training of language students and to field work in China, as well as to studies within the collection; the second, to an immense and very significant expansion in every field: the sections devoted to Chinese bronzes, jades, painting, and pottery raised to higher levels of quality; the sections devoted to Near Eastern and East Indian manuscripts, paintings, ceramics, glass and metal work created almost in entirety upon small and, for the most part, unimportant nuclei in the original collection. Elizabeth Hill Maltby, librarian since December 17, 1985, resigned her position on August 15, 1942. On the same day Frances Poncelet, who had reported for duty July 27, was appointed librarian. Archibald G. Wenley, associate in research, was appointed Acting Director on January 1, 1943. On January 16 he was appointed Director. William R. B. Acker, language assistant, was placed on furlough - December 31, 1942, being detached for service with the Office of War Information. Daisy Furscott Bishop terminated her long service at the Freer Gallery on January 27, 1948, being transferred to the library of the Smithsonian Institution. John A. Pope, formerly Lecturer on Chinese Art at Columbia Uni- versity, was appointed associate in research on April 1, 19438. Grace T. Whitney worked intermittently at the Gallery in the Near East section between October 22, 1942, and June 16, 1943. Joseph H. Boswell, principal guard, who had been on duty here since September 1923, retired at his own request June 30, 1948. Other changes in personnel are as follows: Appointments: Joseph P. Germuiller, guard, recalled from re- tirement August 1, 1942; Charles W. Frost, guard, August 25, 1942; - Norman E. Baldwin, guard, November 16, 1942; James W. Burns, guard, by temporary transfer from the United States National Mu- 46 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 seum, May 11, 1948; George S. Young, cabinetmaker, employed for special help in the cabinet shop, February 16, 1948. Separations from the service: Everett A. Altizer, guard, on in- definite furlough for naval duty, July 6, 1942; Glen P. Shephard, guard, on indefinite furlough for military duty, October 15, 1942; Norman E. Baldwin, guard, resigned February 26, 1943; Charles W. Frost, guard, by transfer to Airport Detachment No. 5, Gravelly Point, Va., April 13, 1943; Joseph P. Germuiller, guard, retired June 19, 1943. Respectfully submitted. A. G. Wentey, Director. Dr. C. G. Apgor, : Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 5 REPORT ON THE BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY _ Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the field researches, office work, and other operations of the Bureau of Ameri- can Ethnology during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1948, conducted in accordance with the act of Congress of June 27, 1942, which pro- vides “* * * for continuing ethnological researches among the American Indians and the natives of Hawaii and the excavation and preservation of archeologic remains. * * *” During the fiscal year, activities concerned with the other American republics have been emphasized, and the energies of various staff members of the Bureau have been directed to an increasing extent to projects bearing on the war effort. In particular, members of the Bureau staff have cooperated with the Ethnogeographic Board in preparing information for the armed services, and it is expected that efforts in this direction will increase as the war continues. SYSTEMATIC RESEARCHES On January 13, 1948, M. W. Stirling, Chief of the Bureau, left Washington on the fifth National Geographic Society-Smithsonian _ Institution archeological expedition to southern Mexico. Excavations were continued at the site of La Venta in southern Tabasco and re- sulted in the discovery of numerous new details of construction of the rectangular stone-fenced enclosure, one of the central features of _ the site. Three rich burials of important personages were uncovered containing offerings principally of jade of unusually high quality. Two mosaic floors in the form of jaguar masks made of polished green serpentine were discovered, one at a depth of more than 20 feet. During the course of the work an exploration trip was made up the Rio de las Playas, one of the headwater streams of the Tonala River, in order to verify the existence of a ruin in this vicinity. The collections obtained during the course of excavations at La Venta were shipped to the National Museum in Mexico City. Mr. Stirling was assisted throughout the season by Dr. Waldo R. Wedel, of the division of archeology of the United States National Museum. During the course of the fiscal year Mr. Stirling contributed to the War Background Studies of the Smithsonian Institution an article entitled “Native Peoples of New Guinea,” which was published as ; 47 48 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943. No. 9 of that series. He also contributed several articles to the Ethno- _ geographic Board for distribution to the armed forces. During the year Mr. Stirling’s paper entitled “Origin Myth of Acoma and Other Records” was issued as Bulletin 135 of the Bureau. Dr. John R. Swanton, ethnologist, devoted a Lonsidenaele por- tion of the year to the reading and correcting of galley and page proof of his work entitled “The Indians of the Southeastern United States,” which is being published as Bulletin 137 of the Bureau. This will bea volume of approximately 850 pages exclusive of the index. Some further work was done on the materials preserved from the now extinct language of the Timucua Indians of Florida, but it was decided to discontinue this for the present. These materials—con- sisting of a catalog of Timucua words and English-Timucua index to the same, photocopies of the religious works in Timucua and Spanish printed in Mexico in the seventeenth century, and typed copies of these with some interlinear translation—have been labeled care- fully and placed in the manuscript vault. Time was also devoted to the extraction of ethnographical notes from the volumes of Early Western Travels, edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites. A paper entitled “Are Wars Inevitable?” was contributed as No. 12 to the War Background Studies of the Smithsonian Institu- tion. A few investigations were undertaken for the Board on Geo- graphical Names, of which Dr. Swanton is a member. Dr. John P. Harrington, ethnologist, was occupied during the first part of the year in an investigation a the Chilcotin languages of northern California. The results of this work indicated that Chilcotin — was introduced into California from Canada in pre-Kuropean times, but owing to the varying rate in time reckoning for the accomplish- ment of linguistic changes, the length of Chileotin occupancy in Cali- fornia cannot be estimated. With the exception of a small area south of the mouth of the Klamath River, Chilcotin occupies the entire coastal region of northern California to the mouth of Usal Creek in Mendocino County. In addition to the linguistic connections dis- covered, local traditions were obtained linking the Chilcotin peoples with a more northern group. Two separate stories were recorded deriving the Hupa from the region north of the mouth of the Klamath River, and one was obtained deriving the Indians of a part of the Hel River drainage from the Hupa region. Since his return to Washington, Dr. Harrington has been engaged in the preparation of material for the linguistic section of the Hand- book of South American Indians. This work resulted in the discovery that Witoto is Tupi-Guarani, and also the very interesting finding that Quechua is Hokan. The Hokan hitherto had been known to ex- tend only to the Subtiaba language of the west coast of Central America. Detailed studies of Quechua and of Cocama have been made REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 49 for the purpose of making comparisons with other South American | languages and with a view to discerning possible further linguistic affiliations. In addition to this work, Dr. Harrington has also made an extensive study of the grammar of the Jivaro language of South America. At the beginning of the fiscal year Dr. Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr., senior archeologist, was engaged in prospecting and testing an in- teresting site in the Agate Basin, on a tributary of the Cheyenne River between Lusk and Newcastle, in eastern Wyoming. Dr. Roberts had been sent to make preliminary investigations at this location, despite the general policy of no regular field work for the duration of the war, because of the possibility that much information might be lost as a result of erosive activities in the area and from disturb- ance of the deposits by amateur collectors hunting for specimens. The site gave evidence of having been the scene of a bison kill on the edges of a marsh or meadow. Animal bones and artifacts were found in a stratum that breaks out of the bank some 20 feet above the bottom of an eroding gully. This layer is covered by an overburden that deepens rapidly as it is followed back into the bank, and at a depth of 4 feet, where the tests were terminated, was still continuing. All the bones found, of which there were many, proved to be modern bison. Associated with these were projectile points, which, although they suggest an affinity with the Collateral Yuma type—a form that has been considered relatively early in the Plains area—nevertheless do not have all the significant characteristics of that type. The poits have unhesitatingly been called Yuma by numerous people who have examined them, and there is no question of their belonging in that general category, although they should not be considered classic forms. All the points found at the site are consistent in - pattern, yet have a considerable range in size. In the seventy- some points or large and easily identified fragments found there, no shouldered, barbed, or tanged forms appear. The material un- questionably represents a cultural unit without intrusions from other sources. Dr. Roberts dug 32 examples out of undisturbed deposits. The remaining specimens are in the collections of local residents, who picked them up as they weathered out of the gully bank. Only a few end and side scrapers have been found, prob- ably because of the fact that the camp proper has not yet been located, but they are typical of those associated with the so-called early hunting complexes. Geologic studies have not yet been made of the deposits. They indicate some antiquity, but that they are not as old as the age formerly postulated for Yuma remains is demon- strated by the fact that the bison represented are all modern forms. Tt is hoped that when present conditions are over, the site can be 50 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 thoroughly excavated and detailed studies made of the material. The site was found by William Spencer, of Spencer, Wyo., and was re- ported to the Smithsonian Institution by Robert E. Frison, deputy game warden, Wyoming State Game and Fish Commission of New- castle. Permission for the investigations was granted by Leonard EK. Davis, owner of the land. Leaving Newcastle, Wyo., on August 1, Dr. Roberts proceeded to Tucumcari and San Jon, N. Mex., for the purpose of disposing of some of the equipment stored there at the close of the 1941 season and ar- ranging for storage of the remainder for the duration. On his return to Washington, Dr. Roberts resumed his office activi- ties. Galley and page proofs were read for his report, “Archeologi- cal and Geological Investigations in the San Jon District, Eastern New Mexico,” which appeared in the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, volume 103, No. 4. Manuscript was prepared and galley and page proofs were read for a paper entitled “Egypt and the Suez Canal,” which was published as No. 11 in the Smithsonian Institu- tion War Background Studies. By request, an article, “Evidence for a Paleo-Indian in the New World,” was written for the Acta Ameri- cana, an international quarterly review published by the Inter-Ameri- can Society of Anthropology and Geography. During the period from October 1 to June 30 a series of survival articles was prepared from data furnished by members of the Smithsonian staff. These articles were made available to the armed forces through the office of the Ethnogeographic Board. Dr. Roberts devoted considerable time to the task of gathering this information from the Institution’s authori- ties in the various fields of science and working it into articles for general reading. He also furnished information on various subjects in response to requests from numerous members of the armed services. At the close of the fiscal year he was engaged in assisting in the prepa- ration of a survival manual for the Ethnogeographic Board. On April 1, 1948, Dr. Roberts was designated as Acting Chief of the Bureau of American Ethnology whenever the Chief, by reason of absence, illness, or other cause, is unable to discharge the duties of his position. Dr. Julian H. Steward, anthropologist, continued his activities as editor of the Handbook of South American Indians, one of the Smith- sonian projects conducted under funds transferred from the State Department for “Cooperation with the American Republics.” He also prepared a number of articles for publication in the Handbook. The Handbook, which is three-fourths completed, will consist of four volumes of text and a two-volume bibliography. Material has been contributed to it by 100 specialists on the Indian tribes of Central and South America and the Antilles. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY oI _ Dr. Steward took an active part in the creation of the Inter-Ameri- can Society of Anthropology and Geography, the purpose of which is the development of cooperative anthropological and geographic re- search. Dr. Ralph L. Beals was appointed to take over the work of organizing and developing the society. The society has approxi- mately 700 members throughout the Americas, and the first issue of its quarterly journal, Acta Americana, was in press at the close of the fiscal year. , Plans were developed for cooperative Institutes of Social Anthro- pology to assist in training students and in carrying on field work in the other American republics. Dr. Steward served as a member of committees concerned with co- operative work in the field of inter-American relations and was a member of the Board of Governors of the National Indian Institute of the United States. He also represented the Smithsonian Institu- tion at the inauguration of Dr. Everett Needham Case as president of Colgate University. Dr. Alfred Métraux, ethnologist, continued his work as assistant to Dr. Julian H. Steward in preparing the Handbook of South American Indians. In addition to editing materials furnished by other contribu- tors, Dr. Métraux completed a large amount of manuscript material of his own for use in the Handbook. Through an arrangement with the National University of Mexico, Dr. Métraux went to Mexico City to teach from March until the end of the fiscal year. During the year Dr. Métraux’s paper entitled “The Native Tribes of Eastern Bolivia and Western Matto Grosso” was issued as Bulletin 134 of the Bureau. During the fiscal year Dr. Henry B. Collins, Jr., ethnologist, was engaged in work relating to the war, for the most part in connection with the Ethnogeographic Board. Early in July 1942 Dr. Collins was detailed by the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution and by the Chief of the Bureau to assist in handling requests for regional and other information received by the Ethnogeographic Board from the armed services and other war agencies. On February 28, 1943, he was elected Assistant Director of the Board and in this capacity continued in charge of research relating to the above-mentioned re- quests. At the beginning of the fiscal year Dr. William N. Fenton, as- sociate anthropologist, was engaged, at the request of the Pennsyl- vania Historical Commission, in a brief field trip among the Seneca Indians on the Cornplanter Grant in northwestern Pennsylvania. The object of this work was to collect Indian geographic names and traditions on hunting and fishing along the Allegheny River. Following his return to Washington, Dr. Fenton devoted most of his time during the remainder of the year to projects received 52 “ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 by the Ethnogeographic Board from the armed services and other war agencies. One of the results of his work has been a strategic file of personnel in the United States familiar with foreign countries. Growing out of the Roster of Personnel, World Travel, and Special Knowledge Available to War Agencies at the Suieheored Institu- tion, as first compiled by the Smithsonian War Committee early in 1942, the present World File of Regional Specialists at the Eth- newsagent Board now includes over 2,500 names of individuals, their travel and special knowledge. Cue indexed by name, as well as by country, this index has enabled the Director of the Board to locate promptly any person in response to requests from the armed forces for authorities who might possess unusual information, photo- graphs, maps, and knowledge of languages of a given area. Certain officers as well as civilian specialists have returned repeatedly to the Smithsonian building to consult this file. In recognition of this work, in February Dr. Fenton was elected a research associate of the Ethnogeographic Board. At the request of the War Department, Office of Chief of Engi- neers, to the Institution, Dr. Fenton delivered a lecture on “The Nature and Diversity of Human ane to a class in Psychology of Administration. Dr. Fenton has continued membership on the Smithsonian War Committee, acting as its secretary. Work on the Indian place names of western New York and west- ern Pennsylvania has continued by correspondence with Messrs. M. H. Deardorff, Warren, Pa., and Chas. E. Congdon, of Salamanca, N. Y. At the end of the fiscal year, another correspondent, Dr. Elizabeth L. Moore, of Meredith College, had about completed the translation of J. F. Lafitau’s Moeurs des Sauvages Amériquains (2 vols., Paris, 1724), a project reported last year. Publications for the year include: Songs from the Iroquois Long- house: Program Notes for an Album of American Indian Musie from the Eastern Woodlands, published jointly by the Smithsonian Institution and the Library of Congress as vol. 6 of Folk Music of the United States (Archive of American Folk Song); Contacts be- tween Iroquois Herbalism and Colonial Medicine, in Smithsonian Report for 1941; Last Seneca Pigeon Hunts, in Warren County Penn- sylvania Almanac, 1943; and Fish Drives among the Cornplanter Seneca, 7 Pennsylvania Archaeologist; also several book reviews in professional and other journals. At the close of the fiscal year, the paper entitled “The Last Passenger Pigeon Hunts of the Cornplanter Senecas,” which had been prepared with M. H. Deardorff for the Anthropological Papers of the Bureau, had been accepted for pub- lication in the Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. / REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 53 In December 1942 Dr. Philip Drucker, assistant ethnologist, re-_ ceived a commission in the United States Naval Reserve and was granted a military furlough. Dr. Drucker had spent the preceding _ portion of the fiscal year in preparing final reports on archeological work previously conducted in Mexico by the National Geographic Society-Smithsonian Institution archeological expeditions. These reports, in press at the end of the fiscal year, will appear as Bulletins of the Bureau. SPECIAL RESEARCHES Miss Frances Densmore, a collaborator of the Bureau, continued work on the study of Indian music by completing two large manu- seripts—Seminole Music, and Music of Acoma, Isleta, Cochiti, and Zuni Pueblos. She also devoted considerable time to a study of the traces of foreign influences in the music of the American Indians. During a portion of the year she was engaged in writing a handbook of the Smithsonian—Densmore collection of sound recordings of Ameri- can Indian music for the National Archives. Miss Densmore presented to the Bureau a record of her field work on Indian music and customs for the Bureau from 1907 to 1941, and completed the bibliography of her writings on that subject. She also presented the original phonograph record of a speech in the Ute language by the famous Ute chief Red Cap, made in 1916, and a similar record of a speech in the Yuma language by Kacora, made in 1922, with accompanying information. In 1943 Miss Densmore completes 50 years’ study of the music, customs, and history of the American Indians. EDITORIAL WORK AND PUBLICATIONS The editorial work of: the Bureau continued during the year under the immediate direction of the editor, M. Helen Palmer. There were issued one Annual Report and three Bulletins, as follows: Yifty-ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Hthnology, 1941-1942. 12 pp. Bulletin 132. Source material on the history and ethnology of the Caddo Indians, by John R. Swanton. 332 pp., 19 pls., 5 text figs. Bulletin 134. The native tribes of eastern Bolivia and western Matto Grosso, by Alfred Métraux. 182 pp., 5 pls., 1 text fig. Bulletin 135. Origin myth of Acoma and other records, by Matthew W. Stirling. 123 pp., 17 pls., 8 text figs. The following Bulletins were in press at the close of the fiscal year: Bulletin 133. Anthropological papers, numbers 19-26: No. 19. A search for songs among the Chitimacha Indians in Louisiana, by Frances Densmore. o4 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 No. 20. Archeological survey on the northern Northwest Coast, by Philip Drucker. With appendix, Early vertebrate fauna of the British Columbia Coast, by Edna M. Fisher. No. 21. Some notes on a few sites in Beaufort County, South Carolina, by Regina Flannery. No. 22. An analysis and interpretation of the ceramic remains from two sites: near Beaufort, South Carolina, by James B. Griffin. No. 23. The eastern Cherokees, by William Harlen Gilbert, Jr. No. 24. Aconite poison whaling in Asia and America: An Aleutian transfer to the New World, by Robert F. Heizer. No. 25. The Carrier Indians of the Bulkley River: Their social and religious. life, by Diamond Jenness. No. 26. The quipu and Peruvian civilization, by John R. Swanton. Bulletin 1386. Anthropological papers, numbers 27-382: No. 27. Music of the Indians of British Columbia, by Frances Densmore. No. 28. Choctaw music, by Frances Densmore. No. 29. Some ethnolcgical data concerning one hundred Yucatan plants, by Morris Steggerda. No. 80. A description of thirty towns in Yucatan, Mexico, by Morris Steggerda. No. 31. Some western Shoshoni myths, by Julian H. Steward. No. 32. New material from Acoma, by Leslie A. White. Bulletin 187. The Indians of the southeastern United States, by John R- Swanton. Bulletin 138. Stone monuments of southern Mexico, by Matthew W. Stirling. Bulletin 1389. An introduction to the ceramics of Tres Zapotes, Veracruz,. Mexico, by C. W. Weiant. Bulletin 140. Ceramic sequences at Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico, by Philip Drucker. Bulletin 141. Ceramic stratigraphy at Cerro de las Mesas, by Philip Drucker. Bulletin 142. The contemporary culture of the Cahita Indians, by Ralph L. Beals. Publications distributed tetaled 10,793. LIBRARY Accessions during the fiscal year totaled 321. There has been a sharp decrease in all classes of accessions, owing to reduced funds in the case of purchases and to war conditions in the case of gifts and exchanges. ‘ The Library of Congress cards for nonserial matter on hand at the beginning of the fiscal year, amounting to several thousand, have been prepared and filed. Cards for foreign periodicals and society transactions have been prepared and filed, including shelf-list cards. A record of holdings appears on each of these shelf-list entries and some are now in their permanent form. Several thousand pamphlets, including a number of valuable ones pertaining to the Indian Territory and the Five Civilized Tribes, were reclassified and reshelved. The library has been much in use as a source of material for the Kthnogeographic Board and the war agencies. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 55 ILLUSTRATIONS During the year E. G. Cassedy, illustrator, continued the prepara- tion of illustrations, maps, and drawings for the publications of the Bureau and for those of other branches of the Institution. COLLECTIONS Collections transferred by the Bureau of American Ethnology to the department of anthropology, United States National Museum, during the fiscal year were as follows: Accession number 162682. Archeological materials collected at Tres Zapotes, Tuxtla District, south- ern Veracruz, Mexico, during the winters of 1938-89 and 1939-40 by the National Geographic Society—Smithsonian Institution expedition under M. W. Stirling. (1,859 specimens. ) 163712. 14 ethnological specimens originally obtained by C. Spencer from the Payamino Indians, eastern Heuador, and 3 archeological specimens from excavations along the Napo River in the vicinity of Eden, Ecuador. (17 specimens. ) 165123. Stone ax blade and 5 bark-cloth dance masks collected by Dr. Irving Goldman from the Kobeua (Cubeo) Indians, southeastern Colombia. (6 specimens. ) MISCELLANEOUS During the course of the year information was furnished by mem- bers of the Bureau staff in reply to numerous inquiries concerning the North American Indians, both past and present, and the Mexican peoples of the prehistoric and early historic periods. Various speci- mens sent to the Bureau were identified and data on them furnished for their owners. Personnel.—indefinite furloughs for military service were granted to Dr. Philip Drucker and Walter B. Greenwood on December 31, 1942, and January 15, 1948, respectively; Miss Nancy A. Link was appointed editorial clerk in connection with the preparation of the Handbook of South American Indians on August 15, 1942, by trans- fer from the Bureau, and resigned on January 23, 1943; Mrs. Eloise B. Edelen was appointed editorial assistant on August 24, 1942, on the Bureau roll; John EK. Anglim was appointed senior illustrator for the Handbook on August 12, 1942, and resigned on April 21, i943, to be inducted into the Army; Mrs. Verne E. Samson was appointed editorial clerk for the Handbook on December 22, 1942; Mrs. Ruth S. Abramson resigned as assistant clerk-stenographer on May 28, 1943. Respectfully submitted. M. W. Sriruine, Chief. Dr. C. G. Axnzor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 6 REPORT ON THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE SERVICE Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activi- ties of the International Exchange Service for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1943: From the appropriation “General Expenses, Smithsonian Institu-. tion” there was allocated for the expenses of the Service $45,808. This amount was reduced by the Bureau of the Budget by setting aside a reserve of $10,000, making the sum available $35,808. This latter included $928 to meet within-grade promotions to certain employees as provided for by the Ramspeck Act. In addition to the above, $1,500 was allotted to the Institution by the Department of State from a special Congressional appropriation to that Department for carrying on its work of promoting the cultural relations between the United States and other American republics. The money transferred to the Institution was used by the Exchange Service to send packages of publications by mail directly to their destinations in Argentina and Brazil, the only countries in South America with which there are no reciprocal arrangements for the ex- change of publications under governmental frank. The number of packages received during the year for distribution at home and abroad was 513,460, a decrease from last year of 47,691. These packages weighed a total of 248,648 pounds, a decrease of 77,158 pounds. This material is classified as follows: Packages | Weight Sent Received Sent Received United States parliamentary documents sent abroad__________- SOON iii | Sree O20 oes eee Publications received in return for parliamentary documents_-__|__________ S7si4| ee eae 2; 529 United States departmental documents sent abroad____________ LK SYE (XG He eye ae 49 "80S ete ee alee Publications received in return for departmental documents__-_}__________ 907: ||P ee 2,403 Miscellaneous scientific and literary publications sent abroad__- 56 5654y)| Pees ‘58; 621" | Sana Miscellaneous scientific and literary publications received from abroad for distribution in the United States__________________]__________ 4 DRO) a aaeeeare 8, 967 ETN Gel tise ete CE eR i AER Teo oh REN aN a ou ata 507, 095 6,365 | 234, 749 13, 899: Grand sto tals 303s ciesiie ts eee ayia es 2a aR a a 513,460 248,648 Packages are forwarded abroad partly by freight to exchange bu- reaus for distribution, and partly by mail directly to thei destina- 56 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 57 tions. The number of boxes shipped abroad was 648. an increase over last year of 44 boxes. Of these, 418 were for depositories of full sets of United States governmental documents, and 225 were for de- positories of partial sets and for various establishments and indi- viduals abroad. The number of packages sent by mail was 100,074. As has been stated in previous reports, the war has made it nec- essary for the Institution to suspend shipments to many foreign countries. However, since last year’s report was issued, shipping conditions have improved sufficiently to make it possible to add a few countries in the Eastern Hemisphere to those to which consign- ments are being transmitted. The countries to which shipments were being made at the close of the fiscal year 1943 were as follows: . Eastern Hemisphere: Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Republic of Ireland (formerly Irish Free State). Portugal. i Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Union of South Africa. India. Australia. New Zealand. Western Hemisphere: All countries. It was stated in the last report that packages for places in the Western Hemisphere were sent by mail and that there was some de- lay in transit due to examination of their contents by the censor. The Office of Censorship has been good enough to make special arrange- ments whereby packages mailed abroad by the Smithsonian Insti- tution now pass the postal censor with little delay. ' FOREIGN DEPOSITORIES OF GOVERNMENTAL DOCUMENTS The number of sets of United States official publications received for transmission abroad through the International Exchange Service is 91 (55 full and 36 partial sets). On account of war conditions it is possible at this time to forward only 54 of these sets. The remain- ing 37 sets are being withheld for the duration. Through arrangements with the Librarian of Congress, the large number of boxes of governmental documents that had accumulated at the Institution and were overtaxing the limited space here, are now stored in the Library of Congress. The partial-set depository of the Dominican Republic has been changed to the Library of the University of Santo Domingo, and the depositary in Paraguay, to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Library Section, Asuncion. 58 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 A complete list of the depositories follows. Under present war conditions, consignments are forwarded only to those countries listed on the previous page. DEPOSITORIES OF FULL SETS ARGENTINA: DirecciOn de Investigaciones, Archivo, Biblioteca y Legislacién Hxtranjera, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto, Buenos Aires. AUSTRALIA: Commonwealth Parliament and National Library, Canberra. New SoutH WaAtEsS: Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney. QUEENSLAND: Parliamentary Library, Brisbane. SoutH AUSTRALIA: Public Library of South Australia, Adelaide. TASMANIA: Parliamentary Library, Hobart. Victoria: Public Library of Victoria, Melbourne. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Public Library of Western Australia, Perth. BELGIUM: Bibliotheque Royale, Bruxelles. BrAzii: Instituto Nacional do Livro, Rio de Janeiro. ‘CANADA: Library of Parliament, Ottawa. MAnitosaA: Provincial Library, Winnipeg. ii ONTARIO: Legislative Library, Toronto. QueEsBeEc: Library of the Legislature of the Province of Quebec. CHILE: Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago. CHINA: Bureau of International Exchange, Ministry of Education, Chungking. CotomsBia: Biblioteca Nacional, Bogota. Costa Rica: Oficina de Depdésito y Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, San José. CusBA; Ministerio de Estado, Canje Internacional, Habana. CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Bibliothéque de l’Assemblée Nationale, Prague. DENMARK: Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Copenhagen. Heyprt: Bureau des Publications, Ministere des Finances, Cairo. Estonia: Riigiraamatukogu (State Library), Tallinn. FINLAND: Parliamentary Library, Helsinki. FRANCE: Bibliothéque Nationale, Paris. GERMANY: Reichstauschstelle im Reichsminsterium fiir Wissenschaft, Erziehung und Volksbildung, Berlin, N. W. 7. Prussia: Preussische Staatsbibliothek, Berlin, N. W. 7. GREAT BRITAIN: HWNGLAND: British Museum, London. London: London School of Economics and Political Science. (Depository of the London County Council.) Huneary: Library, Hungarian House of Delegates, Budapest. InpiA: Imperial Library, Calcutta. TRELAND: National Library of Ireland, Dublin. Iraty: Ministero dell’Educazione Nazionale, Rome. JAPAN: Imperial Library of Japan, Tokyo. Latvia: Bibliothéque d’Etat, Riga. Leacue or Nations: Library of the League of Nations, Geneva, Switzerland. Mexico: Direccién General de Informacion, Secretaria de Gobernacion, Mexico, D. ¥. NETHERLANDS: Royal Library, The Hague. New ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington. NORTHERN IRELAND: H. M. Stationery Office, Belfast. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY . 59 Norway: Universitets-Bibliothek, Oslo. (Depository of the Government of ' Norway.) Prru: Seccion de Propaganda y Publicaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones Ex- teriores, Lima. PoLAND: Bibliothéque Nationale, Warsaw. PorTUGAL: Biblioteca Nacional, Lisbon. RUMANIA: Academia Romana, Bucharest. Spain: Cambio Internacional de Publicaciones, Avenida de Calvo Sotelo 20, Madrid. SWEDEN: Kungliga Biblioteket, Stockholm. SWITZERLAND: Bibliotheque Centrale Fédérale, Berne. TURKEY: Department of Printing and Engraving, Ministry of Education, Istanbul. Union oF SoutH ArricaA: State Library, Pretoria, Transvaal. UNION oF Sovier SocrAList REPUBLICS: All-Union Lenin Library, Moscow 115. UKRAINE: Ukrainian Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries, Kiey. UruGuay: Oficina de Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, Montevideo. VENEZUELA: Biblioteca Nacional, Caracas. YUGOSLAVIA: Ministére de l’iducation, Belgrade. DEPOSITORIES OF PARTIAL SETS AFGHANISTAN: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Publications Department, Kabul. BoriviA: Biblioteca del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto, La Paz. BRAZIL: Minas GeErazs: Directoria Geral de Hstatistica em Minas, Bello Horizonte. BritisH GUIANA: Government Secretary’s Office, Georgetown, Demerara. CANADA; ALBERTA: Provincial Library, Edmonton. BRITISH COLUMBIA: Provincial Library, Victoria. New Brunswick: Legislative Library, Fredericton. Nova Scorra: Provincial Secretary of Nova Scotia, Halifax. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND: Legislative and Public Library, Charlottetown. SASKATCHEWAN: Legislative Libnary, Regina. Cryton: Chief Secretary’s Office, Record Department of the Library, Colombo. CHINA: National Library of Peiping. DomINICAN REPUBLIC: Biblioteca de la Universidad de Santo Domingo, Ciudad. Trujillo. Ecuapor: Biblioteca Nacional, Quito. GUATEMALA: Biblioteca Nacional, Guatemala. Hartt: Bibliothéque Nationale, Port-au-Prince. HONDURAS; Biblioteéa y Archivo Nacionales, Tegucigalpa. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Tegucigalpa. IceELAND: National Library, Reykjavik. INDIA: Breneat: Secretary, Bengal Legislative Council Department, Council House, Calcutta. BIHAR AND ORISSA: Revenue Department, Patna. Bomepay: Undersecretary to the Government of Bombay, General Depart- ment, Bombay. BurMA: Secretary to the Government of Burma, Education Department, Rangoon. 60 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 . ‘PungaB: Chief Secretary to the Government of the Punjab, Lahore. (UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH: University of Allahabad, Allahabad. JAMAICA: Colonial Secretary, Kingston. LipertA: Department of State, Monrovia. Matra: Minister for the Treasury, Valleta. NEWFOUNDLAND: Department of Home Affairs, St. John’s. NicAraGua: Ministerio de Relaciones Hxteriores, Managua. PANAMA: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Panama. PARAGUAY: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Seccion Biblioteca, Asuncion. SALVADOR : Biblioteca Nacional, San Salvador. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, San Salvador. ‘THAILAND: Department of Foreign Affairs, Bangkok. VATICAN City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City, Italy. INTERPARLIAMENTARY EXCHANGE OF THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL In the last report it was stated that the sending of the daily issues of, the Congressional Record and the Federal Register was discon- tinued in April 1942, at the request of the Office of Censorship. The ‘ban placed on the forwarding of these journals was lifted in Febru- ary 1943, and the regular transmission of the Record and the Register were resumed. Copies of the back numbers were forwarded, in order that the series of the journals would be complete in the files of the depositories. The number of copies of each of these journals de- livered to the Institution for this interparliamentary exchange was reduced from 71 to 58—the number that it was possible to forward under the curtailed operations of the Service. | The Biblioteca Benjamin Franklin, Mexico, D. F., was added to those countries receiving the Record and Register. A list of the countries to which these journals are now being forwarded follows: DEPOSITORIES OF CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ARGENTINA : Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Buenos Aires. Camara de Diputados, Oficina de Informacién Parlamentaria, Buenos Aires. Boletin Oficial de la Reptiblica Argentina, Ministerio de Justica e In- struccion Publica, Buenos Aires. AUSTRALIA ; Commonwealth Parliament and National Library, Canberra. New SoutH WAtrs: Library of Parliament of New South Wales, Sydney. QUEENSLAND: Chief Secretary’s Office, Brisbane. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Library of Parliament of Western Australia, Perth. BRAZIL: Biblioteca do Congresso Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. AMAZONAS: Archivo, Biblioteca e Imprensa Publica, Mandos. Banta : Governador do Estado da Bahia, Sao Salvador. Espirito SANTO: Presidencia do Estado do Espirito Santo, Victoria. Rio GRANDE po Sut: “A Federaciio,” Porto Alegre. SeRGIPE: Biblioteca Publica do Hstado de Sergipe, Aracajt. Sao PAuto: Diario Official do Hstado de Sio0 Paulo, Sio Paulo. ~ REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 61 ‘BritisH Honpuras: Colonial Secretary, Belize. CANADA: ; Library of Parliament, Ottawa. Clerk of the Senate, Houses of Parliament, Ottawa. usa: Biblioteca del Capitolio, Habana. GREAT BRITAIN: Library of the Foreign Office, London. GUATEMALA: Bibiloteca de la ASamblea Legislativa, Guatemala. _ Hariri: Bibliotheque Nationale, Port-au-Prince. Honpvuras: Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Tegucigalpa. InprA; Legislative Department, Simla. TRisH FREe STATE: Dail Hireann, Dublin. _ Mexico: ' Direccién General de Informacion, Secretaria de Gobernacién, Mexico, D. F. Biblioteca Benjamin Franklin, Mexico, D. F. AGUASCALIENTES: Gobernador del Hstado de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes. CAMPECHE: Gobernador del Estado de Campeche, Campeche. CHIAPAS: Gobernador del Hstado de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez. CHIHUAHUA: Gobernador del Estado de Chihuahua, Chihuahua. > CoAHUILA: Periddico Oficial del Hstado de Coahuila, Palacio de Gobierno, / Saltillo. CotmmaA ; Gobernador del Estado de Colima, Colima. DvuRANGO: Gobernador Constitucional del Estado de Durango, Durango. GUANAJUATO: Secretaria General de Gobierno del Estado, Guanajuato. GUERRERO: Gobernador del Hstado de Guerrero, Chilpancingo. JALISCO: Biblioteca del Estado, Guadalajara. LowrR CALirorNIA: Gobernador del Distrito Norte, Mexicali. Mexico: Gaceta del Gobierno, Toluca. MicHoacAn;: Secretaria General de Gobierno del Hstado de Michoacan, - Morelia. MorEtos: Palacio de Gobierno, Cuernavaca. NAyArRiIT: Gobernador de Nayarit, Tepic. Nurvo LEON: Biblioteca del Estado, Monterrey. OaxACA: Periédico Oficial, Palacio de Gobierno, Oaxaca. PUEBLA: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Puebla. ‘QurRETARO: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Seccién de Archivo, Querétaro. Saw Luis Potosi: Congreso del Estado, San Luis Potosi. SInALoAa: Gobernador del Estado de Sinaloa, Culiacan. Sonora: Gobernador del Estado de Sonora, Hermosillo. Tapasco: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Seccidn 3r, Ramo de Prensa, Villahermosa. TAMAULIPAS: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Victoria. TLAXCALA: Secretaria de Gobierno del Estado, Tlaxcala. VERACRUZ: Gobernador del Estado de Veracruz, Departmento de Goberna- cién y Justicia, Jalapa. Yucatan: Gobernador del Estado de Yucatan, Mérida. New ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington. Prru: Camara de Diputados, Lima. UNION or SOUTH AFRICA: Library of Parliament, Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope. State Library, Pretoria, Transvaal. Urucuay: Diario Oficial, Callie Florida 1178, Montevideo. VENEZUELA: Biblioteca del Congreso, Caracas. 62 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 i FOREIGN EXCHANGE AGENCIES As a matter of information for those making use of the facilities of the International Exchange Service in the distribution of their publications in India, it should be stated that since the inauguration of the Provincial Autonomy authorized in the Government of India Act of 1935 (which did not come into force until several years there- after), the Superintendent of Government Printing and Stationery in Bombay no longer acts as the distributing exchange agency for British India, which work it had conducted since 1918. Except in a few instances where the governments of other provinces reimburse the Bombay Agency for expenses incurred in transmitting publica- tions to governmental offices, the exchange activities of the Super- intendent of Government Printing and Stationery now are confined to the distribution of packages in the Province of Bombay. To other provinces packages are sent direct from Washington by mail. There is given below a lst of bureaus or agencies to which con- signments are forwarded in boxes by freight when the Service is in full operation. To all countries not appearing in the list, packages are sent to their destinations through the mails. As stated previously, shipments are sent during wartime only to the agencies in those coun- tries listed on page 57. LIST OF AGENCIES ALGERIA, via France. ANGOLA, via Portugal. AZORES, via Portugal. BeLeluM: Service Belge des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Royale de Belgique, Bruxelles. CANARY ISLANDS, via Spain. CuinA: Bureau of International Exchange, Ministry of Education, Chungking. CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Service des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliotheque de Assem- blée Nationale, Prague 1-79. DENMARK: Service Danois des Echanges Internationaux, Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Copenhagen VY. Eeyrpr: Government Press, Publications Office, Bulaq, Cairo. FINLAND: Delegation of the Scientific Societies of Finland, Kasirngatan 24, Helsinki. FRANCE: Service Francais des Hchanges Internationaux, 110 Rue de Grenelle, Paris. GrerRMANY: Amerika-Institut, Universititstrasse 8, Berlin, N. W. 7. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND: Wheldon & Wesley, 721 North Circular Road, Willesden, London, N. W. 2. Huneary: Hungarian Libraries Board, Ferenciektere 5, Budapest, IV. Inp1a: Superintendent of Government Printing and Satiomee. Bombay. Itauy: Ufficio degli Scambi Internazionali, Ministero dell’Hducazione Nazionale, Rome. d JAPAN: International Exchange Service, Imperial Library of Japan, Uyeno Park, Tokyo. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY | 63 -BarvrA: Service des Hchanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque d’Eitat de Lettonie, Riga. LUXEMBOURG, via Belgium. Ma4p4AGAScAR, via France. MADEIRA, via Portugal. MozAMBIQUE, via Portugal. NETHERLANDS: International Exchange Bureau of the Netherlands, Royal Li- brary, The Hague. New SoutH WALES: Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney. New ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington. Norway: Service Norvégien des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque de l’Uni- versité Royale, Oslo. PALESTINE: Jewish National and University Library, Jerusalem. Potanp: Service Polopais des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Nationale, Warsaw. PorRTUGAL: Seccio de Trocas Internacionaes, Biblioteca Nacional, Lisbon. QUEENSLAND: Bureau of Exchanges of International Publications, Chief Secre- tary’s Office, Brisbane. RuMANIA: Ministére de la Propagande Nationale, Service des Echanges Inter- nationaux, Bucharest. SoutH AustTRALIA: South Australian Government Hxchanges Bureau, Government Printing and Stationery Office, Adelaide. Sparmn: Junta de Intereambio y Adquisicién de Libros y Revistas para Bibliote- cas Publicas, Ministerio de Educacién Nacional, Avenida Calvo Sotelo, 20, Madrid. SweEDEN: Kungliga Biblioteket, Stockholm. SwitzeRLAnp: Service Suisse des Hchanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Centrale Fédérale, Berne. TASMANIA: Secretary to the Premier, Hobart. TURKEY: Ministry of Education, Department of Printing and Bngraving, Istanbul. UNION oF SouTH Arrica: Government Printing and Stationery Office, Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope. UNION OF Soviet SoctAList Repustics: International Book Hxchange Depart- ment, Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries, Moscow, 56. VictortA : Public Library of Victoria, Melbourne. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Public Library of Western Australia, Perth. Yucostavia: Section des Echanges Internationaux, Ministére des Affaires Ktrangéres, Belgrade. C. W. Shoemaker, Chief Clerk of the Exchanges until his retirement in November 1941, died on January 6, 1948. Mr. Shoemaker had been with the Institution 59 years. He had a translating knowledge of many languages and, in addition to his duties as Chief Clerk, served as translator for the Smithsonian and its branches. Mrs. Mary D. Gass, clerk-stenographer in the International Ex- changes for over 18 years, was transferred to the Translating Bureau of the Department of State June 21, 1948. John W. Cusick, assistant clerk in the International Exchanges, was retired November 30, 1942, after having been with this office for over 17 years. Prior to his appointment in the Exchanges, he 64 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 was a guard in the National Museum. Mr. Cusick was a veteran of many wars, having served in the Spanish-American War, the Vera Cruz Campaign, the Philippine Insurrection, and the First World War. Mr. Cusick died at Marathon, N. Y., on June 30, 1943. Paul M. Carey, skilled laborer, was granted military leave on August 12, 1942, for the purpose of enlisting in the armed forces of the United States. Leigh Lisker, translator, having been drafted, was granted military leave March 22, 1943. Respectfully submitted. F. E. Gass, Acting Chief Clerk. Dr. C. G. ABsor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 7 REPORT ON THE NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the opera- tions of the National Zoological Park for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1943: | ‘ The regular appropriation made by Congress was $261,510, all of which was expended. Legislation that became effective during the year provided for salary increase in certain classes and grades and for overtime payments for increased hours of work. This resulted in a considerable increase in cost for personal services, which, however, was largely offset by savings through delay in filling positions or failure to fill them, as well as by savings in regular operating costs. and special items. Asa result, the deficiency amounted to only $7,690, which was supplied through the Urgent Deficiency Appropriation Act, 1943. Money was provided in the 1943 Appropriation Act for the construc- tion of an incinerator and for the purchase of two trucks, but priorities could not be obtained. Plans and specifications were completed for the: incinerator, and the project will go forward as soon as funds and ma- terials are available. The primary function of the Zoo is to exhibit a wide variety of animal life in the best possible condition, and in order to accomplish this aim under wartime conditions it was necessary to curtail all phases of maintenance work about the Zoo that could be slighted without harm to the animals. In this way it has been possible to keep the Zoo going in a satisfactory manner in spite of the shortages of man- power, food, and materials incident to wartime. Because of the longer evenings due to the change to war time, the time of closing the Zoo buildings and gates has been delayed 1 hour, the opening hour remaining the same. It is believed that this length- ening of hours in the evening has materially contributed to the en- joyment of the Zoo by the public. PERSONNEL As in most other agencies, there has been a considerable personnel turn-over at the Zoo, several employees having gone into agencies more directly concerned with the war and others having gone else- 65 66 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 where or retired. In spite of efforts to fill vacancies, many positions have remained unfilled for some time. The abolition of the Satur- day half-holiday, however, has made it less difficult to Thera. m fone adequate care of the Zoo. MAINTENANCE AND [MPROVEMENTS No extensive improvements have been attempted during the year. Activities have been confined to maintenance work, and because of the difficulty in obtaining critical materials this has frequently been of a temporary or makeshift nature. Many things that should be done have been postponed until circumstances are more propitious. NEEDS OF THE ZOO The needs of the Zoo remain the same as outlined in previous re- ports. On account of war conditions no request is being made for unusual expenditures at this time. VISITORS FOR THE YEAR The attendance for the year was: Muri yates ee Nac ke ZO OO Ok MBC Dg Walryyes eee ose ee eee 108, 600 PATI EUS Pee e ee ene Diy ee 204,400 March DANS ea Se 148, 150 SEMLeII Were see eS OL OZ ROO. Aloe Tee se ae ae — 269, 050 OCOD eR ReRANe sai NEN i a NGOs SOOM Way ean oe ee ERIS 186, 200 INOW@MA Sie 2a ee 186, 800 > June. Oo ee ON GSO Mecembere eis 37, 600 —_—— AREETN YEN i NESE I ee SL) 70, 850 if Wo are ane ee RE AO SG 1, 974, 500 The sharp curtailment in driving occasioned by gasoline rationing, tire mileage restrictions, and the prohibition against pleasure driving brought about a drastic reduction in the number of visitors coming to the Zoo by automobile, but an increased number of visitors walked cr came by bus and streetcar. In previous years a census has been made each day of the cars parked in the Zoo at about 3 p. m., for the purpose of determining the propor- tional attendance by States, Territories, and foreign countries. Owing, however, to the almost total cessation of automobile traffic to the Zoo, the record from such a census would have been of no value during the past year. It may be pointed out that in the previous year District of Columbia cars comprised about 39 percent; Maryland, 22 percent; Virginia, 15 percent; Pennsylvania, 4 percent; the remaining 20 per- cent were from other States, Territories, and foreign countries. Prior to the curtailment of automobile and bus travel, numerous groups and classes came to the Zoo from a distance of seve so hundred aaillee Of course these have been almost completely eliminated, and there has been a reduction in the number of groups and classes from — REPORT OF THE SECRHTARY 67 Maryland, Virginia, and the District, although this attendance has held up fairly well. Many of the wartime residents in Washington who have not previ- ously had an opportunity to visit a large zoo, now take their rest and recreation in the National Zoo. The ease of reaching the Park and the fact that it is open every day practically from daylight to dark and without cost enable many people to obtain relaxation they could not otherwise enjoy. Service men and women constitute a sub- stantial proportion of the visitors. It is plain to be seen that many of the service people anticipating going overseas are endeavoring to learn something of the animal life that they might find in the region to which they may be sent. There is also an increasing attendance by _ servicemen recuperating from injuries or sickness. Medical groups have come to the Zoo specifically for the purpose of studying certain types of animals and to receive instruction regarding snakes. The Zoo officials receive many requests from various agencies of the Government including the War and Navy Departments for in- formation to assist them on biological problems. The Zoo continues to be a regular study ground for art and biology classes, as well as an important focal point for letters, telephone calls, and queries regarding care of animals, their behavior, and methods to be followed in preventing or remedying injuries from animals, AIR-RAID PRECAUTIONS As pointed out in the last report, it is anticipated that in the event of air raids the Zoo will be one of the safest places in the city. How- ever, plans were made and have been kept up to date for meet- ing such contingencies as may arise in the event of air raids or other emergencies. ACQUISITION OF SPECIMENS Specimens are usually acquired by purchase, gift, deposit, exchange, natural reproduction, or collecting expeditions by members of the Zoo staff. Conditions have prevented travel by the Zoo personnel for collecting specimens, and the customary array of animals offered for sale by animal dealers has been greatly reduced both in kinds and numbers; therefore the importance of gifts and deposits is relatively greater than before. The return of members of the armed forces from foreign lands has resulted in a gratifying number of gifts of small animals that have been picked up by these persons as pets or specifically for the Zoo. When Army and Navy personnel evince an interest before going abroad in obtaining specimens for the Zoo, efforts are made to arrange for importation permits to facilitate entry of the animals into this country. Such permits are required by a law which 7 68 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 rigidly excludes all animals except under permit in order that this country may be properly safeguarded against introduction of animals or disease pests that might become serious menaces. GIFTS Among the gifts to the Zoo, the following may be mentioned as particularly prized accessions: Mammals—Two Bailey’s lynx from the Fish and Wildlife Service, through Louis H. Laney, Albuquerque, N. Mex.; a white-tailed doe from Mrs. A. C. Henry, East Falls Church, Va.; two polar bear cubs from the Greenland Administration, through Henrik de Kauffman, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary for Denmark in Washington, and Tage Nielsen, manager of the Danish Consulate General, Greenland Section, New York; a woolly monkey from Mrs. Jenny Shifflette, Washington, D. C. Birds.—A Leadbeater’s cockatoo from Judith R. Shearer, Orange, Va.; two mute swans from Mrs. Eleanor Patterson, Washington, D. C.; a peafowl from H. 8S. Rawdon, Bethesda, Md.; two Nepal kallege from Lowry Riggs, Rockville, Md.; a cheer pheasant from Charles Denley, Washington, D. C. The Hershey Estates Zoo presented 80 specimens. The full list of donors and their gifts follows: DONORS AND THEIR GIFTS Clinton P. Anderson, Bethesda, Md., red salamander. Miss Ann Bartlett, Washington, D. C., worm srake. Dr. Paul Bartsch, Washington, D. C., Cuban conure. Charles Beck, Fredericksburg, Va., bald eagle. Dr. Edgar Beckley, Washington, D. C., snapping turtle. Mickey Bing, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck. Mrs. Raymond Bittinger, Ridgeley, W. Va., 2 rhesus monkeys. Miss M. Bitzmann, Washington, D. C., horned lizard. Morris M. Brown, Colonial Beach, Va., ring-billed gull. Mrs. L. D. Buford, Washington, D. C., fence lizard. B. Harrison Carl, Cumberland, Md., alligator. Mrs. H. F.. Clark, Washington, D. C., five guinea pigs. Mrs. H. G. Clark, Washington, D. C., sparrow hawk. Miss Arlene Cole, Route 2, Arlington, Va., Pekin duck. J. A. Connolly, Washington, D. C., black widow spider. L. E. Cronin, College Park, Md., through John N. Hamlet, Cooper’s hawk. Mrs. Anna Davis, Baltimore, Md., common marmoset. Charles Denley, Washington, D. C., cheer pheasant. Marguerite Dent and Patricia Swive, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck. Robey Dodson, Washington, D. C., South American gray fox. J. R. Harle, Arlington, Va., raccoon. Billy and Dick Hckert, Washington, D. C., 2 white rabbits. Dr. J. C. Eckhardt, Washington, D. C., zebra finch. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 69 ft. Ellery, Washington, D. C., 4 sparrow hawks. Fish and Wildlife Service, through Louis H. Laney, Albuquerque, N. Mex., 2 Bailey’s lynx. Miss Fisher, Washington, D. C., orange-winged parrot. P. Ford, Martinsville, Va., albino raccoon. J. A. Fowler, Washington, D. C., 2 pilot snakes, black snake, 10 painted turtles, 4 snapping turtles, 4 spotted turtles, 4 mud turtles, 4 Carolina box. tortoises. Janet and Lynn Fulmer, Washington, D. C., 2 common rabbits. H.. W. Gentz, College Park, Md., 4 flying squirrels. G. M. Gooch, Washington, D. C., red-tailed hawk. Spencer Gordon, Washington, D. C., 2: angel fish. Mrs. Goy, Washington, D. C., gray fox. Greenland Administration, through Henrik de Kauffman, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary for Denmark in Washington, and Tage Nielsen, manager of the Danish Consulate General, Greenland Section, New York, two polar bear cubs. Mrs. EF. G. Guttenplan, Washington, D. C., alligator. BH. O. Malbach, Washington, D. C., opossum. Mrs. Haltsman (address unrecorded), common goat. Mrs. A. V. Hanson, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot. Maury Hanson, Jr., Bethesda, Md., scfeech owl. Mrs. Haughawout, Colmar Manor, Md., barred owl. Mrs. S. T. Hellman, Washington, D. C., 2 guinea pigs. Mrs. A. C. Henry, Hast Falls Church, Va., Virginia deer. Hershey Hstates Zoo, Hershey, Pa., snowy owl, sea lion, prehensile-tailed por- supine, 7 spotied turtles, 7 snapping turtles, 2 Cumberland terrapins, 10 box turtles, 10 wood turtles, 1 South American turtle, 2 hinge-back turtles, 5 western painted turtles, brown terrapin, American crocodile, 4 ball pythons, Curtis or blood python, 2 Surinam toads, 6 red-bellied newts, giant land snail, smooth-clawed frog, giant salamander, rainbow boa, Cook’s tree boa, Barbour’s map turtle, green tree snake, boa constrictor, 4 Gila monsters, 2 spiny-tailed iguanas, common iguana, 2 Brahmany kites, douroucouli. Mos. Hertseh, Cabin John, Md.,. Javan macaque. W. BH. Hopper, Arlington, Va., 2 common rabbits. Mrs. G. T. Hugo, Mount Rainier, Md., yellow-naped parrot. Donald Humphrey, Washington, D. C., yellow chicken snake. J. N. Jacobson, Alexandria, Va., alligator. Walter Johnson, Washington, D. C., 2 toads. William A. Johnson, Washington, D. C., 2 zebra finches. Mrs. Victor Kayne, Washington, D. C., 3 horned lizards. James Kelly, Washington, D. C., common rabbit. James King, Mount Rainier, Md., alligator. W. A. King, Brownsville, Tex., 6 blue honeyereepers. King-Smith Studio School, Washington, D. C., opossum. Rear Admiral Emory S. Land, Washington, D. C., red-Shouldered hawk. Otto Martin Locke, New Braunfels, Tex., 8 nine-banded armadillos, 105 horned lizards. Jane Lynch, Washington, D. C., 2 alligators. Sergeant Lynch, Bolling Wield, D. C., nine-banded armadillo. J. H. MacHlhose, Washington, D. C., 12 black mollies, 3 guppies, 3 snails, 1 eatfish. oN 10 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 Mrs. M. K. Macknet, Takoma Park, Md., opossum. Mrs. Gladys Mahler, Silver Spring, Md., alligator. Franklin Mallory, Washington, D. C., 7 common newts. Jacob Manoogian, Washington, D. C., opossum. Brian McDonald, Arlington, Va., collared turtle dove. Mrs. Thomas McVeary, Washington, D. C., yellow-headed parrot. Sgt. Wilson McVey, Maryland State Police, sooty mangabey. Mrs. John Meatale, Washington, D. C., 2 strawberry finches. M. Miller, Washington, D. C., 2 Cooper’s hawks. Michael Miller, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck. Mrs. H. M. Mitchell, Washington, D. C., 2 Pekin ducks. Mrs. T. J. Moody, Leesburg, Va., red fox. H. A. Morse, Washington, D. C., 2 guinea pigs. Mrs. J. C. Myers, Chevy Chase, Md., Pekin duck. Sefior Dr. Don Francisco Castillo Najera, Mexican Ambassador, Washington, D. C., capuchin. National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Md., woodchuck. John Nicholas, Berwyn, Md., rhesus monkey. Mrs. R. P. Oliver, Falls Church, Va., weeping capuchin. Mrs. Eleanor Patterson, Washington, D. C., 2 mute swans, 17 mallard ducks. Senator Claude Pepper, Washington, D. C., alligator. Mrs. M. W. Pettigrew, Washington, D. C., white rabbit. Mrs. Polhamus, Chevy Chase, Md., common rabbit. Dr. Hans F. Prausnitz, Washington, D. C., false chameleon, soft-shelled turtle, common snapping turtle, painted turtle, mud turtle. Mrs. A. M. Raeger, Washington, D. C., white-fronted parrot. Wayne Randel, Washington, D. C., 2 Central American boas. H. 8S. Rawdon, Bethesda, Md., peafowl. Lowry Riggs, Rockville, Md., 2 Nepal kallege, 4 red jungle fowl, 2 cheer pheasant, 3 white ring-necked pheasant, 4 silver pheasant, Swinhoe’s pheasant, 2 Japa- nese long-tailed fowl, American black bear, alligator. Mrs. EH. Rogg, Washington, D. C., alligator. Mrs. V. H. Rohwer, Arlington, Va., grass paroquet. Miss D. Roland, Washington, D. C., 2 Pekin ducks. Mrs. EH. H. Russell, Washington, D. C., diamond-back terrapin. Mrs. R. Sadler, Chevy Chase, Md., 2 muscovy ducks. Miss Thelma Selle, Washington, D. C., Pekin robin. Judith R. Shearer, Orange, Va., Leadbeater’s cockatoo. Mrs. Jenny Shifflette, Washington, D. C., woolly monkey. Donald G. Shook, National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C., copperhead, BH. W. Sisks, Washington, D. C., alligator. C. HE. Smith, Arlington, Va., common marmoset, titi monkey. Mrs. Homer R. Spence, Washington, D. C., gray capuchin. L. Thomas, McLean, Va., American bittern. Robert Thompson, Washington, D. C., great horned owl. Dr. R. Truitt, College Park, Md., pied-billed grebe. United States Coast Guard, Washington, D. C., 2 red foxes. R. J. Werner, Isaac Walton League, Washington, D. C., mallard duck. Mrs. W. H. Wetmore, Washington, D. C., 2 Pekin ducks. E. T. White, Norfolk, Va., screech owl. Mrs. H. Whitelow, Washington, D. C., alligator. Mrs. J. H. Wilkins, Washington, D. C., canary. Mrs. P. Yahraes, Washington, D. C., grass parakeet. } REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 71 Tom Yahraes, Washington, D. C., timber rattlesnake, bull snake. Mrs. Gertrude Zeppenfeld, Pittsburgh, Pa., rhesus monkey. C. D. Zimmerman, Chevy Chase, Md., canary. NATURAL REPRODUCTION Although the Zoo does not have ideal conditions for animals to raise their young in captivity, there is generally a fairly satisfactory increase from births and hatchings. During the year 101 mammals were born and 83 birds were hatched. Noteworthy among the former was a litter of five woolless sheep, an unusually large litter; unfortunately, none of the little ones lived. There were also births _ among the reptiles which, however, are not recorded, The births and hatchings are listed below: MAMMALS Scientific name Common name Number Ammotragus lervia PXCONDUO Fe KG ec esa se BOX Bay BR ye 3 ANABOES CIIGOS IS Ss oe IEN RNASE SW aD el OO ASmISH Gee i 2 iausi ui ld ea) covanan ae 1 PEMD OSE OCU Ststren Wen eae Shea a Ml 1 BUEOG WOOD LILLE Ns ARSE ORE sal American) bison= 2222 Sener 2 BIS ULUS LESS ee eee ae Brivishweanks Catpless sas aan 1 (OES TOR POISE SG a NS ak SO el aa MexalsunediawiOlii aa en eee ve Cepialopnius Migers. 22 Black duiker 222 Wie een ae 1 CEPI SMCOIOMCMEUS Shs ie Ee ey A Ce ri aie Ts 1 Cer USMO LOT W Siete RS FRed Geert siete ee ay ae 3 Ohoeropsis: Wwoeriensis____-_-_-_ Pygmy hippopotamus___________ 2 Choloepus didactylus__________________ A DAY OS HOLES SIO ye Vet 1 Cynomys tudovicianus___________-___.__- Prairie: dO go ee eRe se ns eee 26 [Dag T, CDE ALE a ai ne ie a SD IDE IKo yw, ee A 2. DOE GLE A SNR Ey 95D Wihtte) tallow, deersua. calle muons 1 Dendrolagus mustus__.- Tree kangaroos ii 1 ea 1 Dolichotis magellanica________________ IZRUERO OE CanyAye ee 2 THES ; C/G OSE MUNS A Sea a OSE DEAE EERE G ONS 5 A a 2 gee aN ie a Se 1 Hens Honist. 2 HLS RENE Sed AYN ate 2 Bengal tiger] 22 22) yeas ee ee 4 Hemitragus jemlahicus_______________ IT UP eS he ney Wi P| Hippopotamus amphibius_____________ Sha eoronenTNe 1 LESIVED GUE] RLES Soe TEES SES OD Nien ta eevee ae Tears ya aie ee a Fle 1 LEU XU SOS ELSE CO Ee PIS) 1 of Kr> semen ea ees aE Be Nee 1 MGR OTE OC a Moor macaque______-_____--___= 1 MED RTS DEG RSE ES SET NES en irene SS Becca ae Se ae ee 5 WEEGEOSTOT, (COUP. = 2 ae (SOY JOUR Ae eae eR ES EL Re 6 EOS MLA TULT UCU wie 5 52's Ue We a a Coatimiun disse Bae ees 2 WeOLOMOilOTIGAnNd 21. 2s as Florida wood rat___-____-____-_=- 2 OSI UIZTCES We DR AG soa Bt Se Woolless sheep___----__~--_-__- 5 Pocphagus grunniens- 2-2) ee BSE) IP es ll SMS ip A ee 3 LES QUIAKOOS COGN THY Rae eT ue Blwe: sh epee Ue EA el Sea aes 1 PSSOLROR SOUS RM SO SY ENS IE DROS LANA Sa Ns Siikkay ol eerie ieRiiis 1 ga a Me eae 1 SOMUOL ROSS, OOM ff Ga a a ee PHAMOA A [HIERN LN 1 MODINWS SCCTLESTLIS= 2 EEE Ss South American tapir___________ 1 Urocyon cinereoargenteus_____________ Giraiys osetia ak ites ee eee Ht (2 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 BIRDS Scientific name Common name Number AVS (OTUOTAVIOO OS 25 Weill Choe ee 23° AMOS ENTALO TUDES estas we ee ec WIE e Black (tiie ki Soha La cain raza 4 BUA KE COMOCKA SUS! 2 Nu Ganadaigoose sis sa 2 Oke ae 8 Branta canadensis minima__.________ Cackdiney 200 See eee eee bcd Branta canadensis occidentalis________ White-cheeked goose____________ 12 OWROOG TODS OL OGHIO e MAISCOVy Ci Ck eae eee 5 ENC COLANUCTUCANG 922 OES rata EE COOGL CBU SEWER: BAUS OLE NT as Sie q GOUAUSS COLTS Seis Re GN TO Ta a Red jungle fowl £22 22a eee 6 Larus novaehollandiae________________ Siler elles oe ee 1 Nycticoraz nycticorax naevius________ Black-crowned night heron______ 12: INGUNUIS CORMRIVISZ 2 ee Carnet a os a a 1 DEPOSITS The more outstandingly interesting and desirable animals that were deposited during the year were a spectacled bear, the first ever exhib- ited in this Zoo, deposited by Louis Ruhe, Inc.; a beautiful West African guenon monkey, which we have so far been unable to identify, deposited by H. Allender; a great gray kangaroo deposited by H. B. Harris; a wallaby and a West African palm civet deposited by H. L. Shaw; a group of four yellow-handed tamarins and seven mar- mosets deposited by Miss Martha G. Hunter; a West African crowned hawk-eagle deposited by Louis Ruhe, Inc., and another specimen of the same species deposited by C. P. Haskins; an electric eel, Indian python, and several regal pythons, including one unusually large specimen that weighs 320 pounds, all deposited by Clif Wilson. EXCHANGES Among the more desirable animals received by exchange were two. cape hyraces obtained from the Philadelphia Zoo, five Suis deer,. and one tahr goat. PURCHASES The more outstanding animals obtained by purchase included a pair of woolless domestic or Barbados sheep which are natives of West Africa; a laughing falcon; and a pair of klipspringers, a remarkable. little antelope from southern and eastern Africa. The Hershey Estates Zoo at Hershey, Pa., which depended for its. attendance on people coming by automobile, suffered such a sharp curtailment in number of visitors that the management decided to dispose of most of its stock, which permitted us to obtain from that organization a number of interesting and desirable additions. REPORT OP THE SECRETARY 72 REMOVALS Reductions in the collection are due to deaths, return of animals on deposit, and exchanges. During the year the more noteworthy losses by death were: MAMMALS ALOT NUUCINOSUS a ee ee ee West African water civet. CUMETUS OOCGENIANUS = ae oe Arabian camel. Cephalophus nigrifrons_____---—----__. Black-fronted duiker. Choeropsis liberiensis__________---_-~-- Pygmy hippopotamus. bryctnrocebus patas.22— hoe a Patas monkey. RICHISMELO MUSH) See ea Be Tee eas Bengal tiger (male). Hippopotamus amphibius______-------. Baby hippopotamus. LEG RUPP, COQ African porcupine that had been in the © collection since October 1926. EGECCOMSULCTIUNS! 2 as i ee ee Wanderoo monkey. Mandrillus leucophaeus______--------- Drill baboon, in the collection since 1916. Mantiacus sinensis. -----— = - ==. Chinese barking deer, in the collec- tion since 1934. Nycticebus. coweang__---—-------- Slow loris, received in 1937 from Smithsonian Institution-National Geo- graphie Society Expedition. AGG OREGE asec a BO ea Sumatran orangutan (“Susie”). IPSCUMOIS NOY CUi= 2 = UN eer ee Blue sheep. Tragulus javanicus_______--_-------_- Javan mouse deer, in the collection since 1937. OUSWS CHUDCTANUS === eee Himalayan bear. BIRDS Kakatoe tenuirostris_____----_-----_-- Slender-billed cockatoo. Sagittarius serpentarius__________----- Secretary bird. Stephanoaetus coronatus..______-_--_-~- Crowned hawk-eagle. Struthio camelus_____--_-_-._--_____-_-- Ostrich, received October 16, 1921, from U. S. Poultry Experiment Station, Bureau of Animal Industry, Glendale, Ariz. WOR TDi eee South American condor. REPTILES Mest idOnuiCin@e. ed Galapages tortoise. FISHES Electrophorus electricus____----------- Electric eel. SPECIES NEW TO THE HISTORY OF THE COLLECTION Despite the few animals purchased and the factors militating against obtaining outstanding additions, the Zoo was fortunate enough to obtain six species never before in the collection. These were a spec- 74 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY tacled bear (Z'remarctos ornatus), which inhabits an indefinitely outlined range in the northern Andes and is very rare in captivity; a pair of klipspringers (Oveotragus saltator), a beautiful little cliff- inhabiting antelope that originally ranged from southern Africa to Abyssinia; five Dybowsky deer (Sika hortulorwm), which inhabit _ Manchuria; one laughing falcon (Herpetotheres cachinnans), a beau- tifully marked falcon of medium size that inhabits the forested parts of tropical America from Mexico to northern Argentina ; two quetzals (Pharomachrus mocinno), the state bird of Guatemala, which inhabits the higher mountains from Guatemala to Panama; and a white starling (Graculipica melanoptera), which inhabits Java and is rare in captivity. Statement of accessions 1 How acquired pre Birds | Reptiles ame Fishes Tere Total IPRESENTCG eee ace i a ge 64 426 Born or hatched____------ 101 184 Received in exchange _ 13 37 Purchased aaa ss 11 161 OMGeDOSiten aS eee ae ere 31 53 HT Gales ns ae eke ae 220 861 - Summary Animals on hand July 1, 1942________-_-____ jE SRNL Le 2, 411 Necessionssduning thenyeant se) ee ee ee eae pea AUER A 861 Pe Rotallivanimals: intcollection durine.)yecar ee EE 3, 272 Removals from collection by death, exchange, and return of animals TAY CLS OOS iG eB se a Np ee 837 In: collection June 30) 194302 ee ee 2, 435 Status of collection Species. | tnaivid- Species | tndivid- Class and sub- mai Class and sub- mei species species Mia mals se see Lane 204 664: imsectsh- 22s ee 1 100 TRG SINS Sune SET 329 91271) NEOUS ks! 2 Aaa eee ee ea 1 1 1 82) A Keser Eel Sn IR 96 380) ||| Crustaceans ..-- 22a 1 2 AGT pPhibprans ss = 4 eee eeweee 15 69 ——— | —_—_ SIS TICS segs WT at A 36 306 Total s22Ss0s eee eae 684 2, 435 Arachnidse 2. ates: ease ee 1 1 Respectfully submitted. W. M. Mann, Director. Dr. C. G. Apsor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 8 REPORT ON THE ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY Str: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activ- ities of the Astrophysical Observatory, including the Division of Astrophysical Research and the Division of Radiation and Organisms, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 19438: DIVISION OF ASTROPHYSICAL RESEARCH The study of the solar-constant values published in March 1942 as table 24, volume 6 of the Annals of the Observatory, confirmed the discovery that the variation of the sun’s output, seemingly irregular, is really made up of numerous regular periodicities, all being closely aliquot parts of 273 months. By combining their influences a pre- diction was made of the march of solar variation from 1939 through the year 1945. This appears in figure 14 of volume 6 of the Annals. In this way it was shown that the years 1940 to 1947 would probably be the most interesting and important years to study the sun’s varia- tion since the early twenties. As the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory is the only agency in the world which follows the varia- tion of the sun’s output of radiation, it therefore seemed of extreme importance to keep the record unbroken through these critical years. Hence, despite demands of the war manpower situation, every avail- able means has been used to keep the three field observatories at Mon- tezuma, Chile, Table Mountain, Calif., and Tyrone, N. Mex., in opera- tion. Thus far these efforts have been successful, notwithstanding the loss of three experienced observers from a total field staff of six. Considerable progress has been made at Washington in the study of short-interval changes of the scolar radiation in their relation to weather. As first shown in Smithsonian publications Nos. 3392 and 3397 in the year 1936, the sun’s short-interval variations, though aver- aging only 0.7 percent, are important elements, even governing ele- ments, in weather. The weather effects of individual solar changes are found to last at least 2 weeks. These studies of the year 1936 have been repeated this year employing the improved and enlarged “solar constant” data published as table 24, volume 6 of our Annals. The new results are even more convincing than the provisional ones just referred to. They have been extended to deal with the weather of several cities in different parts of the world, for both temperature and barometric pressure. It is expected to publish soon on this subject. At Washington two computers have continued reductions of solar- constant observations, but have not, of course, been able to keep up to date with the results, inasmuch as these computers were also called 75 76 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 on frequently for work relating to war problems assigned by the Army and the Navy, or requested by outside agencies engaged in war work. It is hoped that with the return to Washington of Mr. Hoover, who has been carrying on measures at Tyrone Observatory for 2 years, the solar-constant computations can be pushed along more rapidly so as to disclose the remarkable changes of solar radiation expected for the years 1940 onward, as referred to above. Most of the time of Messrs. Abbot, Aldrich, and Kramer has been devoted to problems assigned by the war services on which no report can be made at this time. _ Personnel—Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Moore completed their term of service at Montezuma. Mr. F. A. Greeley succeeded Mr. Moore in June 1943 as field director there with Mrs. F. A. Greeley as his as- sistant. Mr. Stanley C. Warner continued as field director at Table Mountain with Mr. Kenneth G. Bower as assistant. Mr. W. H. Hoo- ver acted as field director at Tyrone Observatory. Mr. Alfred G. Froiland, bolometric assistant there, was inducted into the army in- June 1943, after which Mr. Hoover carried on alone. Mr. Moore will take over at Tyrone, and Mr. Hoover will return to Washington. No changes in personnel occurred at Washington. DIVISION OF RADIATION AND ORGANISMS (Report prepared by Dr. Harl S. Johnston, Assistant Director) The regular research program of the Division was discontinued early in August. Since that date practically the entire time of the members of the Division has been directed toward solving problems relative to the Nation’s war activities. By far the largest percentage of this work has dealt with problems submitted by the Naval Re- search Laboratory. Because of the nature of some of this work, it is obvious that a detailed report cannot be submitted at this time. The personnel and laboratory equipment of the Division was such that adaptation to this new work in physics, chemistry, and biology was very readily made. However, the efficiency of the Division as a unit has been decreased somewhat through loss of personnel. At the request of the Annual Review of Biochemistry, a review ar-- ticle on photosynthesis was prepared last summer by Dr. Johnston of the Division and Dr. Jack E. Myers of the University of Texas. This paper has now been published in volume 12 of the Review. Personnel—On August 1, Mrs. Phyllis W. Prescott, the junior clerk-stenographer for the Division, was transferred to the admin- istrative office as assistant clerk-stenographer. Respectfully submitted. C. G. Asgor, Director. Tim SECRETARY, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 9 REPORT ON THE LIBRARY Si: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activi-_ ties of the Smithsonian library for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1943: Intensification of the war effort, so evident throughout the whole Institution, has been both reflected in, and shared by, the library dur- ing the difficult year just past. The library has been confronted by two major responsibilities that have motivated its work: How best to adjust policies and adapt pro- cedures to wartime changes and demands, and how to maintain, as far as possible, the basic continuity of the collections. Urgent as is the first of these, experience during and following the First World War has shown that the second cannot be neglected with- out serious weakening of the library’s service to the Institution. In wartime, normal growth is inevitably diminished, and a certain amount of change of emphasis in acquiring material is necessary and even de- sirable, but the responsibility that the library has for implementing the deep-rooted and continuing work of a scientific institution cannot be overlooked even in an emergency of the present heroic proportions. WAR WORK Never before in the history of the library have its collections and its staff been called upon to give aid in so many different kinds of re- search, virtually all of which were concerned in some way with the war effort. Regular use of the library by the scientific staff of the Institution has been almost entirely in connection with the war, and more than 35 of the war agencies have made many direct inquiries, have borrowed more than 500 books, and have sent research workers, some of them for extended periods of time, to use the collections. Indirectly too, through the use of the library by the staff of the Ethno- geographic Board, still other of the war agencies have been represent- ed. Rich in certain kinds of geographical and related material, and in. ethnological works, the branch libraries of the National Museum and the Bureau of American Ethnology especially, have been con- stantly visited and called upon by war workers. Tt has been most gratifying to find that the Institution has not in- frequently been able to supply data of urgent importance that could not be found elsewhere. Tl 18 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 The index of foreign geographical illustrations begun last year as a special war service and originally planned to cover only the publi- cations of the Institution itself was later enlarged, at the request of the Smithsonian War Committee, to include files of selected journals on special subjects containing incidental geographical illustrations likely to be overlooked in any routine search for pictures. The selec- tion of these journals was made by the scientific staff of the Institution and the indexing was done in their offices, the library serving as the coordinator and keeper of the file, which now contains more than 12,000 entries. As another aid to the war agencies in making use of the library, the librarian prepared a brief account of its resources, mimeographed copies of which were distributed to key personnel in Washington and elsewhere by the Ethnogeographic Board. The cordial response of the whole Institution to the library’s plea for books in the Nation-wide Victory book drive for men and women in the armed services, is worthy of record. More than 500 fine clean copies of highly readable contemporary books were contributed. It may be of interest to note here the transfer to the Library of Congress of an uncataloged collection of miscellaneous war pamphlets accumulated by the library during the First World War. This col- lection, numbering some 3,000 pieces, largely the so-called ephemera of the period, though valuable as historical source material, had no direct bearing on the scientific work of the Institution. ACCESSIONS Receipt of foreign publications dropped somewhat, but not nearly so sharply as during the preceding year, after shipments from enemy and occupied countries ceased. Through the International Exchange Service, 355 packages, or only 70 fewer than last year, were delivered. Even this decline was more apparent than real, for a good many foreign serials came directly by mail. Fortunately there have been comparatively few actual losses, and not many prolonged delays in the arrival of the most important of those scientific serials that are still being published in the allied and neutral countries, though some of the foreign institutions and societies are postponing shipment of their publications until after the war. The maintenance of both the quan- tity and quality of scientific publication at a high level among our war-torn allies abroad is worthy of remark. The publication and receipt of domestic scientific serials continued to be practically normal. In the Museum library an accession of special importance was a selection of 250 books and 2,300 separates and pamphlets, mostly on the subject of reptiles, from the library of the late Dr. Leonhard Stejneger. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 79 Received in the sectional library of the division of fishes, by trans- fer from the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior, was the large collection of manuscript records of the dredg- ing and hydrographic stations of the U.S. F. S. 8. Albatross and other fisheries vessels. By regular and special exchange, and by purchase, considerable progress has been made in filling gaps in the serial sets, some of them of long standing, and in strengthening certain collections on special subjects, for example, the published results of scientific sur- -veys and travels. The importance of such material, always apparent, especially in connection with the work of the curators in the Museum, has been doubly emphasized by the increased wartime demand for it both within and from outside the Institution. One of the larger special exchanges of duplicates, with the Marme Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, yielded a good many parts of periodicals needed in the Museum library, while from Cooper Union came 35 one on art for the National Collection of Fine Arts library. Among purchases, wartime deviations from the normal have been the use all large number of requests for atlases, descriptive geog- raphies, and foreign-language dictionaries. GIFTS _ There have been a number of especially notable gifts during the year. One that is invaluable in itself, and noteworthy as well for being the library’s first considerable accession of microfilmed material, was the very generous gift of the Linnean Society of London of the records of its Linnean collections and manuscripts, the copying of which was made possible by a grant to the society from the Car- negie Corporation. This is one of two sets deposited in American libraries, the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University having re- ceived the other. We are much indebted to Dr. Elmer D. Merrill, the administrator of botanical collections there, for his good offices in arranging the whole matter. All the actual specimens in the Tannean herbarium are said to be covered in the 60,000 exposures of the set, as well as records of the mollusks, fishes, and insects, of vari- ous manuscripts, and those of Linneaus’ own publications to which he had added corrections. and emendations. To accompany the very fine collection of arms and armor given by him to the Museum, Ralph G. Packard presented also his collection of 350 books on the subject, many of them rare and beautiful volumes. The sectional library of the division of marine invertebrates received another special collection of great usefulness in connection with speci- mens previously received from the donor, by the bequest of the late 80 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 Dr. Frank Smith of his working library of oligochaete literature, Pal 103 pieces in all, : A unique gift to the sectional library of the division of minerals was a five-volume set of photomicrographs of meteoric irons presented by Dr. Stuart H. Perry. As always, the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary, and many other members of the Smithsonian staff made generous contributions of books and papers. From the American Association for the Advance- ment of Science came 578 publications. Among other donors were the American Association of Museums, the American Committee for International Wild Life Protection, the American Wildlife Institute, Barton A. Bean, Mrs. Arthur 8. Blum, Hon. Usher L. Burdick, the Detroit News, Haydn T. Giles, Daniel C. Haskell, J. Cramer Hudson, the International Association of Printing House Craftsmen, Mrs, Vera F. Lewis, Fritz Lugt, Dr. John P. Marble, Dr. Salvador Massip, Dr. Riley D. Moore, Olaf Nylander, W. J. Orchard, Hon. Chase S. Osborn and Miss Stella Brunt Osborn, the Pan American Union, the Pennsyl- vania Academy of Fine Arts, the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science, Dr, A. E. Porsild, Dr. L. A. White. CATALOGING Cataloging of the regular inflow of current accessions was excep- tionally well kept up under the handicap of the understaffing of the catalog division, but there was no time that could be dorieed either to the older material so badly in need of attention, or even to some of the larger recent gifts of special collections. There are at least 15,000 uncataloged volumes in special collections scattered throughout the Institution, while in the Museum library many more thousands of volumes have never been cataloged by subject and are represented in the catalog only by antiquated author cards. The difficulty, or actual loss of use of much important material by this lack of adequate cataloging is a serious matter, and one that should receive first con- sideration in post-war planning of the lbrary’s work. PERSONNEL Changes in personnel were the retirement for disability of Miss Marian W. Seville, senior library assistant, on August 31, 1942, after many years of faithful service; the appointment of Miss Minna Gill as assistant librarian in charge of the catalog, on September 2, 1942; the appointment of Mrs. Daisy F. Bishop as under library assistant on February 17, 1943, and the resignation of Miss Marion Blair, junior clerk-typist, on April 21, 1943. Since January 21, 1943, W. B. Green- wood has been absent from the library of the Bureau of American Ethnology on military duty. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 81 There were a number of promotions and reassignments to duties among the staff. Miss Anna Moore Link was given charge of the National Collection of Fine Arts library and Miss Elizabeth G. Mose- ley was promoted to Miss Link’s former position in charge of the serial collections in the Museum library; Mrs. Hope H. Simmons was promoted to be assistant librarian in charge of accessions and Miss Marjorie R. Kunze was promoted to be chief assistant in the accessions division. The loss of one position and the time lag in filling other vacancies have been serious obstacles in the way of keeping work up to date. The fine spirit of the whole staff in meeting emergencies, in taking on extra work, and in accepting temporary assignments to new or unaccustomed duties is much to be commended. STATISTICS Accessions Approxi- Approxi-~ Volumes mate Volumes] mate and, pam-|. holdings and pam-| holdings phlets June 30, phlets | June 30, 1943 1943 Astrophysical Observatory ___ 276 10,675 |; National Museum___________- 3, 680 226, 967 Bureau of American Ethnol- National Zoological Park_____ 102 4, 043, GEAY 2 Ae ee eS meee 321 33, 811 || Radiation and Organisms____ 13 619 Freer Gallery of Art_________- 165 16, 531 || Smithsonian Deposit________- 1. 051 571, 028 Langley Aeronautical Li- Smithsonian Office__________- 227 31, 282 {DY EEE NEN, CS Ts a 17 3, 592 _— — - National Collection of Fine STNG pel es ss 9a a A 6,955 | 1807, 645 INS AS 8 Se Oe Eee ee 1, 108 9, 097 1 i 1 Neither incomplete volumes of periodicals nor separates and reprints from periodicals are included. in these figures. d Hachanges ING aeX Chan 2S) (Arran Ged sai i Vc wT ee 159: 38 of these were assigned to the Smithsonian Deposit. PWN CeANTANL EGS gets © CCT VCC es i ran SE a RIN ee 3, 631 549 of these were obtained to fill gaps in the Smithsonian Deposit sets. Cataloging Volumessand pamphlets cataloged] i=] 2s Eee 5, 012 Cards hledvinicatalogs and shelf: lists! 20202 eee eee 30, 635. Periodicals enioicals parts entered: (at: s ail Maa abso ibis tee ed ae 11, 756 Circulation Moansore books) and), periodicals? i 0 se ee ee ee eee 11, 236: This figure does not include the very considerable intramural circu- lation of books and periodicals assigned to sectional libraries for filing, of which no count is kept. 3 Binding \Wollniaavey Soros hoy AAAS Laas yy ee 2, 135, Respectfully submitted. Lema I. Cuarn, Librarian. Dr. C. G. ABgor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. APPENDIX 10 REPORT ON PUBLICATIONS Sm: I have the honor to submit the following report on the publica- tions of the Smithsonian Institution and the Government branches under its administrative charge during the year ended June 30, 1943: The Institution published during the year 13 papers in the Smith- sonian Miscellaneous Collections, and title page and table of contents of volumes 101 and 103; 10 papers in the War Background Studies series; 1 Annual Report of the Board of Regents and pamphlet copies of 23 articles in the Report appendix, and 1 Annual Report of the. Secretary; 2 special publications, and reprints of 2 volumes of the Smithsonian’s series of tables. The United States National Museum issued 1 Annual Report; 25 Proceedings papers; 3 Bulletins; 1 separate paper in the Bulletin series of Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. The Bureau of American Ethnology issued 1 Annual Report and 3 Bulletins. Of the publications there were distributed 194,057 copies, which included 21 volumes and separates of the Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, 37,732 volumes and separates of the Smithsonian Mis- cellaneous Collections, 24,986 volumes and separates of the Smith- sonian Annual Reports, 60,464 War Background Studies papers, 9,529 Smithsonian special publications, 55,631 volumes and separates of National Museum publications, 10,793 publications of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 28 reports on the Harriman Alaska Expedi- tion, 86 Annals of the Astrophysical Observatory, and 1,810 reports of the American Historical Association. SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS There were issued 2 papers and title page and table of contents of volume 101, 1 paper comprising volume 102, 10 papers and title pape and table of contents of volume 103, as follows: VOLUME 101 No. 16. The snow and ice algae of Alaska, by Erzsébet Kol. 36 -pp., 6 pls., 5 figs. (Publ. 3683.) September 19, 1942. No. 18. A new species of sand bug, Blepharipoda doelloi, from Argentina, by Waldo L. Schmitt. 10 pp.,1 pl. (Publ. 3687.) August 10, 1942. Title page and table of contents, (Publ. 3695.) October 27, 1942. 82 4 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 83 VOLUME 102 Compendium and description of the West Indies, by Antonio Vazquez de Hspinosa, translated by Charles Upson Clark. 862 pp. (Publ. 3646.) September i. 1G, VOLUME 103 No. 1. Distribution and variation of the Hawaiian tree snail Achatinella ‘apexfulva Dixon in the Koolau Range, Oahu, by d’Alté A. Welch. 2386 pp., 12 pls., 8 figs. (Publ. 3°84.) December 16, 1942. No. 2. The skeleto-muscular mechanisms of the honey bee, by R. HE. Snodgrass. 120 pp., 32 figs. (Publ. 3688.) September 30, 1942. No. 3. A revision of the Indo-Chinese forms of the avian genus Prinia, by H: G. Deignan. 12 pp. (Publ. 3689.) September 1, 1942. No. 4. Archeological and geological investigations in the San Jon District, eastern New Mexico, by Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr. 30 pp., 9 plis., 3 figs. (Publ. 3692.) October 12, 1942. No. 5. New Upper Cambrian trilobites, by Charles ©. Resser. 186 pp., 21 pls. (Publ. 26°3.) October 21, 1942. No. 6. On the preparation and preservation of insects, with particular refer- ence to Coleoptera, by J. Manson Valentine. 16 pp., 5 figs. (Publ. 3606.) November 21, 1942. ; No. 7. The musculature of the labrum, labium, and pharyngeal region of adult and immature Coleoptera, by Carl Kester Dorsey. 42 pp., 24 pls. (Publ. 3697.) January 20, 1948. No. 8. The 1914 tests of the Langley “aerodrome,” by C. G. Abbot. 8 pp., 1 fig. (Publ. 3699.) October 24, 1942. No. 9. Mystacccarida, a new order of Crustacea from intertidal beaches in Massachusetts and Connecticut, by Robert W. Pennak and Donald J. Zinn. 11 pp., 2pls. (Publ. 3704.) February 28, 19438. No. 10. A remarkable reversal in the distribution of storm frequency in the United States in double Hale solar cycles, of interest in long-range forecasting, by C. J. Kullmer. 20 pp., 19 figs., 10 storm-frequency year maps. (Publ. 3729.) April 5, 1943. Title page and table of contents. (Publ. 3731.) June 9, 1948. Additional copies of the following volume were printed: VOLUME 8&6 Smithsonian Meteorological Tables. Fifth Revised Hdition. First Reprint. Ixxxvi-+-282 pp. (Publ. 3116.) WAR BACKGROUND STUDIES In the new series of Smithsonian publications, War Background Studies, Nos. 3-12, inclusive, were issued during the year. In order to list all the papers in this series, Nos. 1 and 2 are included, although they were issued toward the end of the previous fiscal year. Nos. 13-16 are also listed, although they had not actually been issued at the close of the year. No. 1. Origin of the Far Hastern civilizations: A brief handbook, by Carl Whiting Bishop. 53 pp., 12 pls., 21 figs. (Publ. 3681.) June 10, 1942. 84 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 No. 2. The evolution of nations, by John R. Swanton. 23 pp. (Publ. 3686.) June 24, 1942. , No. 3. The peoples of the Soviet Union, by AleS Hrdlitka. 29 pp. (Publ. 3690.) July 15, 1942. No. 4. Peoples of the Philippines, by Herbert W. Krieger. 86 pp., 24 pls., 4 figs. (Publ. 3694.) November 13, 1942. No. 5. The natural-his*ory background of camouflage, by Herbert Friedmann. 17 pp., 16 pls. (Publ. 3700.) December 11, 1942. No. 6. Polynesians—explorers of the Pacific, by J. E. Weckler, A Basar iC 0) Cy 20 pls., 2 figs. (Publ. 3701.) January 138, 1948. No. 7. The Japanese, by John F. Embree. 42 pp., 16 pls., 3 figs. (Publ. 3702.) January 23, 1943. No. 8. Siam—land of free men, by H. G. Deignan. 18 pp., 8 pls., 1 fig. (Publ. 3703.) Eebruary 5, 1943. No. 9. The native peoples of New Guinea, by M. W. Stirling. 25 pp., 28 pls. lfig. (Publ. 3726.) February 16, 1943. No. 10. Poisonous reptiles of the world: A wartime handbook, by Doris M. Cochran. 37 pp., 17 pls., 2 figs. (Publ. 3727.) March 19, 1943. No. 11. Egypt and the Suez Canal, by Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr. 68 pp., 25 pls., 1 fig. (Publ. 3728.) March 31, 1943. No. 12. Are wars inevitable? by John R. Swanton. 36 pp. (Publ. 3730.) May 11, 19438. (Issued after the close of the fiscal year) j No. 13. Alaska: America’s continental frontier outpost, by Ernest P. Walker. 57 pp., 21 pls., 2 figs. (Publ. 3733.) July 8, 1943. No. 14. Islands and peoples of the Indies, by Raymond Kennedy. 66 pp., 21 pls., 7 figs. (Publ. 3734.) August 5, 1943. No. 15. Iceland and Greenland, by Austin H. Clark. 103 pp., 21 pls., 2 figs. (Publ. 3735.) August 19, 1948. No. 16. Island peoples of the western Pacific: Micronesia and Melanesia, by Herbert W. Krieger. 104 pp., 21 pls., 2 figs. -(Publ. 3737.) September 15, 1943. SMITHSONIAN ANNUAL REPORTS Report for 1941.—The complete volume of the Annual Report of the Board of Regents for 1941 was received from the Public Printer in September 1942. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution show- ing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution for the year ended June 30, 1941. xiii+556 pp., 121 pls., 17 figs. (Publ. 3651.) The general appendix contained the following papers: What lies between the stars? by Walter S. Adams. Artificial converters of solar energy, by H. C. Hottel. The new frontiers in the atom, by Ernest O. Lawrence. Science shaping American culture, by Arthur H. Compton. Mathematics and the sciences, by J. W. Lasley, Jr. The role of science in the electrical industry, by M. W. Smith. The new synthetic textile fibers, by Herbert R. Mauersberger. Plastics, by Gordon M. Kline. Vitamins and their occurrence in foods, by Hazel E. Munsell. Science and human prospects, by Eliot Blackwelder. Iceland, land of frost and fire, by Vigfus Einarsson. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 85 e vA The genes and the hope of mankind, by Bruce Bliven. Care of captive animals, by Ernest P. Walker. © The influence of insects on the development of forest protection and forest management, by F..C. Craighead. Growth hormones in plants, by Kenneth V. Thimann. Useful algae, by Florence Meier Chase. LS The excavations of Solomon’s seaport: Ezion-geber, by Nelson Glueck. Decipherment of the linguistic portion of the Maya hieroglyphs, by Ben- jamin Lee Whorf. Contacts between Iroquois herbalism and colonial medicine, by William N. Fenton. The study of Indian music, by Frances Densmore. Snake bites and the Hopi Snake Dance, by M. W. Stirling. The Eskimo child, by Ales Hrdliéka. Wings for transportation (Recent developments in air transportation equipment), by Theodore P. Wright. Report for 1942.—The Report of the Secretary, which included the financial report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents, and which will form part of the Annual Report of the Board of Re- gents to Congress, was issued in January 1948. Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution and financial report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents for the year ended June 30, 1942. iii+112 pp. 2pls. (Publ. 3698.) The Report volume, containing the general appendix, was in press at the close of the year. SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Songs from the Iroquois Longhouse: Program notes for an album of American Indian music from the eastern woodlands (issued by the Library of Congress), by Wiliam N. Fenton. 34 pp., 9 pls. (Publ. 3691.) September 11, 1942. The Smithsonian Institution and the United States National Museum welcome the members of our armed forces. 4 pp. April 1943. The following special publication was reprinted: Smithsonian Mathematical Tables—hyperbolic functions, prepared by George F. Becker and C. E. Van Orstrand. Fifth reprint. lii+321 pp. (Publ. 1871.) August 21, 1942. PUBLICATIONS OF THH UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM The editorial work of the National Museum has continued during the year under the immediate direction of the editor, Paul H. Oehser. There were issued 1 Annual Report, 25 Proceedings papers, 3 Bulle- tins, and 1 separate paper in the Bulletin series of Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, as follows: MUSEUM REPORT Report on the progress and condition of the United States National Museum for the fiscal. year ended June 30, 1942. iii+118 pp. January 1943. i PROCEEDINGS : VOLUME 88 Title page, table of contents, and index. Pp. i—viii, 587-615. August 18, 1942. 86 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 VOLUME 89 ~ Title page, table of contents, and index. Pp. i-ix, 583-620. November 28, 1942. ; VOLUME 90 Title page, table of contents, and index. Pp. i-vii, 553-581. December 18, 1942. VOLUME 91 No. 3131. Catalog of human crania in the United States National Museum collections : Hskimo in general, by AleS Hrdliéka. Pp. 169-429, fig. 39. August 1, 1942. No. 3182. The species of Aegla, endemic South American fresh-water crusta- ceans, by Waldo L. Schmitt. Pp. 431-520, figs. 40-64, pls. 25-28. August 18, 1942. VOLUME 92 No. 3147. New species of bark beetles (Pityophthorini) from Mexico and tropi- eal America (Coleoptera, Scolytidae), by M. W. Blackman. Pp. 177-228, ‘pls. 20-23. November 25, 1942. No. 3148. Osieology of Polyglyphanodon, an Upper Cretaceous lizard from Utah, by Cha:les W. Gilmore. Pp. 229-265, figs. 16-36, pls. 24-26. October 13, 1912. No. 3149. Notes and new species of Microlepidoptera from Washington State, by J. F. Gates Clarke. Pp. 267-273, pls. 27-32. October 13, 1942. No. 8150. The genotypes of some of Ashmead’s genera of ichneumon-flies, by R. A. Cushman. Pp. 277-289. October 8, 1942. No. 3151. New Neotropical insects of the apterygotan family Japygidae, by H. EB. Ewing and Irving Fox. Pp. 291-299, pls. 33, 34. October 1, 1942. No. 3152. The fresh-water fishes of Liberia, by Leonard P. Schultz. Pp. 301- 348, fig. 37, pls. 35, 36. November 13, 1942. No. 3153. Mexican herpetological miscellany, by Hobart M. Smith. Pp. 349— 395, fiz. 38, pl. 37. November 5, 1942. No. 3154. Revision cf the genus Phloecosinus Chapuis in North America (Coleop- tera, Scolytidae), by M. W. Blackman. Pp. 597-474, pls. 38-41. December ats 1942. No. 3155. The Late Cenozoic vertebrate faunas from the San Pedro Valley, Ariz., by C. Lewis Gazin. Pp. 475-518, figs. 89-47, pls. 42, 43. December 10, 1922. No. 3156. The type species of the genera and subgenera of bees, by Grace A. Sandhouse. Pp. 518-619. March 5, 1948. VCLUME 93 No. 3157. The Nearctic species of parasitic files belonging to Zenillia and allied genera, by Wendell F. Sellers. Pp. 1-1¢8. January 19, 1943. Pes No. 3158. A new fossil reptile from the Upper Cretaceous of Utah, by Charles W. Gilmore. Pp. 109-114, figs. 1-5. December 12, 1942. No. 8159. Some American geometrid moths of the subfamily Hnnominae here- tofore associated with or closely related to Hllopia Treitschke, by Hahn W. Capps. Pp. 115-151, pls. 1-10. February 24, 1913. No. 3160. Skeletal remains with cultural associations from the Chicama, Moche, and Vir Valleys, Peru, by T. D. Stewart. Pp. 153-185, pls. 11-18. January 23, 1943. No. 3161. New marine moliusks from the Antillean region, by Harald A. Rehder. Pp. 187-203, pls. 19, 20. January 20, 1948. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 87 No. 3162. A new pest of Albizvia in the District of Columbia (Lepidoptera : G@lyphipterygidae), by J. F. Gates Clarke. Pp. 205-208, pls. 21-25. Mareh 9, 1943." _ No. 3163. Osteology of Upper Cretaceous lizards from Utah, with a descrip- tion of a new species, by Charles W. Gilmore. Pp. 2¢9-214, figs. 6-10. January ' 19,1948. No. 3164. The birds of southern Veracruz, Mexico, by Alexander Wetmore. Pp. 215-340, fig. 11, pls. 26-28. May 25, 1943. . No. 3165. New genera and species of bark beetles of the subfamily Micracinae (Scolytidae, Coleoptera), by M. W. Blackman. Pp. 341-365, pls. 29-30. March 22, 1243. _.No. 3166. Notes on some barnacles from the Gulf of California, by Dora Priaulx Henry. Pp. 367-873, pl. 31. May 8, 1943. BULLETINS No. 180. Fishes of the Phoenix and Samoan Islands collected in 1939 during the expedition of the U. S. S. Bushnell, by Leonard P. Schultz. x+316 pp., 27 figs, 9 pls. January 20, 1943. No. 181. The cyclopherid opercvlate land mollusks of America, by Carlos de la ‘Torre, Paul Bartsch, and Joseph P. EH. Morrison. iv+3806 pp., 42 pls. August 21, 1942. No. 182. Monograph of the West Indian beetles of the family Staphylinidae, by Richard H. Blackwelder. viii+658 pp., 3 figs, 19 maps. January 27, 1943, CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM VOLUME 28 Title page, table of contents, and index. Pp. i-xii, 677-694. December 16, 1942. PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY The editorial work of the Bureau has continued under the imme- diate direction of the editor, M. Helen Palmer. During the year there were issued 1 Annual Report and 3 Bulletins, as follows: REPORT Fifty-ninth annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1941—42. 12 pp. January 30, 1943. BULLETINS 132. Source material on the history and ethnology of the Caddo Indians, by John R. Swanton. 332 pp., 19 pls., 5 figs. January 16, 1943. 134. The native tribes of eastern Bolivia and western Matto Grosso, by Alfred Métraux. 182 pp., 5 pls., 1 fig. November 23, 1942. 135. Origin myth of Acoma and other records, by Matthew W. Stirling. 123 -pp., 17 pls., 8 figs. December 3, 1942. REPORT OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION The annual reports of the American Historical Association are transmitted by the Association to the Secretary of the Smithsonian 88 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 Institution and are communicated by him:to Congress, as provided by the act of incorporation of the Association. The following reports were issued this year: Annual report of the American Historical Association for the year 1936. Volume 3. Instructions to the British Ministers to the United States, 1791-1812) Annual report of the American Historical Association for the year 1937. Volume 2. Writings in American History, 1937, 1938. Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the year 1940. Proceedings. Annual report of the American Historical Association for the year 1941. Vol- ume 1. Proceedings; private letters from the British Hmbassy in Washington to the Foreign Secretary, Lord Granville, 1880-85 ; manuscript accessions. Volume 2. Talleyrand in America as a financial promoter, 1794-96. Volume 8. List of doc- toral dissertations in history now in progress at universities in the United States and the Dominion of Canada. The following were in press at the close of the fiscal year: Annual Report for 1942, volume 1 (Proceedings and list of members) ; volume 2 (Letters from the Berlin Embassy) ; volume 3 (The quest for Polite ee unity in world history). REPORT OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION The manuscript of the Forty-fifth Annual Report of the National Society, Daughters of the American Revolution, was RUSS | to Congress, in eecondance with law, December 1, 1942. ALLOTMENTS FOR PRINTING The congressional! allotments for the printing of the Smithsonian ~ Annual Rose ts to Congress and the various publications of the Gov- ernment bureaus under the administration of the Institution weré virtually used up at the close of the year. The appropriation for the coming year ending June 20, 1944, totals $88,500, allotted as follows: SATE SOM egg TANS tant OTE $16, 000 National Museum 22 i. eS ee a OOO BureaupoLy Amenican Hythe] caylee tas oan saan peas 17, 480 National Collection of Fine Arts___-_-______-__-_-_______ 500 internabion alah xchang ess see a ea ea eee 200 Nationale Zoolosi cali dar kes is ee ORE iru Sueno 200 VAStrophysicali Observatory sss eee eee Wea 500 Ameriean Historical Association_________________________ 10, 620 PING Gea) Gi A aN SE PAU NS HE ARS EVE BAe ANSI See ec 88, 500 Respectfully submitted. W. P. True, Chief, Editorial Division. Dr. C. G. Axzort, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTER OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITH. SONIAN INSTITUTION FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1943 To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution : Your executive committee respectfully submits the following report in relation to the funds of the Smithsonian Institution, oraihes with a statement of the appropriations by Congress for the Goreranin ae in the administrative charge of the Institution. SMITHSONIAN ENDOWMENT FUND The original bequest of James Smithson was £104,960 8s. 6d.—$508,318.46. Re- funds of money expended in prosecution of the claim, freights, insurance, etc., together with payment into the fund of the sum of £5,015, which had been withheld during the lifetime of Madame de la Batut, brought the fund to the amount of $950,000. Since the original bequest the Institution has received gifts from various sources chiefly in the years prior to 1893, the income from which may be used for the general work of the Institution. These are invested and stand on the books of the Institution as follows: Avery, Robert S. and Lydia T., bequest fund________________ $50, 4€8, 44 Endowment fund, from gifts, income, ete_________________ 272, 549, 65 Eee OS mequest fund ics VN es 500. 00 Hachenberg, George P. and Caroline, bequest fund__________ 3, 942. 03 Hamilton, James, bequest fund___________________ 2, 895. 70 Henry, Caroline, bequest fund _-____________ 1, 185. 46 BEEN GG sHeaii See THEA SiG A Da a a ae 145, 623. 83 ASA Ts TiN eee te (MT leer a ce aN a ea Mla SoU Be OR MU RUN AE ea CRIN OC 728, 836. 59 Rhees, William Jones, bequest fund______________________-- 1, 053. 71 Sanford, George H., memorial fund__-__________________-+__ 1, 972. 56 Witherspoon, Thomas A., memorial fund___________________ 126, 491. 58 SS GCSVE RERUN i WO a De aT 1, 400. 00 Total endowment for general work of the Institution______ 1, 336, 949. 55 The Institution holds also a number of endowment gifts, the income of each being restricted to specific use. These are invested and stand on the books of the Institution as follows: Abbott, William L., fund, bequest to the Institution______________ $104, 010. 11. Arthur, James, fund, income for investigations and study of the sun L NT GH LEC CULTS 2 OTN Gaeta Go) SUT TM si a el ee 39, 200. 44 89 90 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 Bacon, Virginia Purdy, fund, for a traveling scholarship to investi- gate fauna of countries other than the United States____________ $49, 107. 53 Baird, Lucy H., fund, for creating a memorial to Secretary Baird__ 17, 942. 00 Barstow, Frederic D., fund, for purchase of animals for the Zoolog- TICE TIS) 2 Tel Eee ae ee sh Te) a A ce aca eg eps reel ee VE OS 745. 61 Canfield Collection fund, for increase and care of the Canfield col- leGhiOMaofe Minerals sens hae ee ee 37, 4E8. 80 Casey, Thomas L., fund, for maintenance of the Casey collection and promotion of researches relating to Coleoptera______--_____ 8, 990. 30 Chamberlain, Francis Lea, fund, for increase and promotion of Isaac Lea collection of gems and mollusks___-_---__-______ 27, 602. 19 Hillyer, Virgil, fund, for increase and care of Virgil Hillyer Collen (HOI Ore IIMS OPCS 2 ee ee 6, 441. 94 Hitchcock, Dr. Albert S., Library fund, for care of Hitchcock PPASCOSEOLOSTCAl bayer 1, 448. 66 Hodgkins fund, specific, for increase and diffusion of more exact knowledge in regard to nature and properties of atmospheric Cty pa Sa ty RS asa em a a Bip Min a ba en Bk La a S/S We Oe le 100, 080. 00 Hughes, Bruce, fund, to found Hughes aleove_________________-__ 18, 761. 82 Myer, Catherine Walden, fund, for purchase of first-class works of a art for the use of, and benefit of, the National Collection of Fine PATER ALLEN Sc UE ete MERCURE GEO UU Mr AmON Cope d PmloT ae CLL CAs VU AE SUA Main Cy Meco INe ETT We a 18, 580. 22 National Collection of Fine Arts, Strong Bequest______-___-____ 9, 799. 76 Pell, Cornelia Livingston, fund, for maintenance of Alfred Duane Peliseollections 222 EWU Asahi aka ae ae 7, 265. 59 Poore, Lucy T. and George W., fund, for general use of the Institu- tion when principal amounts to the sum of: $250,000___________ 88, 009. 95 Reid, Addison T., fund, for founding chair in biology in memory of Asher Tunis selva reene AGATE Bae et 29, 764. 02 Roebling fund, for care, improvement, and increase of Roebling ~ CONSCHGMAOLMANITe A] Se ae eee No a Bok Os ia kareena eee a 118, 295. 54 Rollins, Miriam and William, fund, for investigations in as: } and chemistry 2—- === ge eh Se ee Rie een SL PEON as ie Sa 91, 565. 20 Smithsonian employees retirement enna I a ES Sei EN 32, 704. 36 Springer, Frank, fund, for care, ete., of Springer collection and TFT RT Ea yaa WSS ES On SR SS NRT a TOM 17, 577. 31 Walcott, Charles D. and Mary Vaux, research fund, for develop- ment of geological and paleontological studies and publishing TOS US Gla GT Cte eeeen hE A ae AS AM I 408, 867. 73 Younger, Helen Walcott, fund, held in trust__________-__________ 50, 112. 50 Zerbee, Frances Brincklé, fund, for endowment of aquaria_________ 745. 99 Special research fund, gift, in the form of real estate____________ 20, 946. 00 Total endowment for specific purposes other than Freer TCE Osea TE eT al Ha -— 1, 305, 973. 5 The above funds amount to a etal of $2,642,923.12, and are carried in the following investment accounts of the (ingen sion: : U. S. Treasury deposit account, drawing 6 percent interest______ $1, 000, 000. 00 Consolidated investment fund (income in table below) —__-----_~_ 1, 316, 533. 49 Reale St ATS ATM OE SABES a CLC eee eee ees nee Nea OE ne fs eH 274, 877. 13 Special funds, miscellaneous investments_____________--___--_- 51, 512. 50 2, 642, 923. 12 REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 9] CONSOLIDATED FUND ~ Statement of principal and income for the last 10 years Fiscal year Capital Income ea Fiscal year Capital Income eal TAG YAS ee as $754, 570. 84 | $26, 650. 32 (a) ||| Be $902, 801. 27 | $30, 710. 53 3. 40 IO Ye ua Se 706, 765. 68 26, 808. 86 3.79 LOA OH S22 2S Mo 1, 081, 249. 25 38, 673. 29 3.47 OSG RET 723, 795. 46 26, 836. 61 Sh 7/il 1G). ES eee Ces 1, 093, 301. 51 41, 167. 38 3. 76 1G 7c aaa ae 738, 858. 54 33, 819. 43 4.57 1942s SUivesaae 1, 270, 968. 45 46, 701. 98. 3. 67 OBB ee 867, 528. 50 34, 679. 64 4.00 || 19438_________- 1, 316, 533. 49 50, 524. 22 3. 83 FREER GALLERY OF ART FUND Early in 1906, by deed of gift, Charles L. Freer, of Detroit, gave to the Institution his collection of Chinese and other Oriental objects of art, as well as paintings, etchings, and other works of art by Whistler, Thayer, Dewing, and other artists. Later he also gave funds for the construction of a building to house the collection, and finally in his will, probated November 6, 1919, he provided stock and securities to the estimated value of $1,958,591.42 as an endowment fund for the operation of the Gallery. From the above date to the present time these funds have been increased by stock dividends, savings of in- come, etc., to a total of $5,836,772.01. In view of the importance and special nature of the gift and the requirements of the testator in re- spect to it, all Freer funds are kept separate from the other funds of the Institution, and the accounting in respect to them is stated sepa- rately. The invested funds of the Freer bequest are classified as follows: Sepuccrancverounds) funds = 0h OI obrsky wl shat doa aI. $653, 866. 10 Court and grounds maintenance fund____________--___-_________ 164, 250. 01 (CRBUSEEEL Oye EAD 0 Ls ea A AD Se sls NLRB LD TS WO bs 2 ER 665, 412. 78 VEST UAMay OPAC Y Meh uke! OE I DE CU ne UPN) EA ES 4, 358, 2.3. 12 THOSE La sae ao eden hres ake Oe Pa Oe eA CLA DES 5, 836, 772. 01 SUMMARY Invested endowment for general purposes____________----______ $1, 3386, 949. 55 Invested endowment for spécific purposes other than Freer CORRE KY Fev VSN eH Ne tT LC SS Rc 1, 305, 973. 57 Total invested endowment other than Freer endowment____ 2, 642, 923. 12 Freer invested endowment for specific purposes_________________ 5, 836, 772. O01 \ Total invested endowment for all purposes___--__________ 8, 479, 695. 13 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 CLASSIFICATION OF INVESTMENTS Deposited in the U. S. Treasury at 6 percent per annum, as au- thorized in the United States Revised Statutes, see. 5591____-__ Investments other than Freer endowment (cost or market value ‘at date acquired) : Bonds (16 different BeOWIOS)) oS $515, 348. 75. Stocks (40 different groups) ___-______--___-____ 795, 761. 87 Real-estate and first-mortgage notes____________ 324, 989. 68 Uninvested: capitalie.. 5.025 [oe ee ee 6, 827. 87 Total investments other than Freer endowment___________ ‘Investments of Freer endowment (cost or market value at date . acquired) : Bonds (28 different groups) __---___________-_ $2, 222, 113. 26 Stocks (62 different groups) ________________ 3, 600, 969. 47 Real estate first-mortgage notes______________ 7, 500. 00 Wminvested (capital sisi eee ee 6, 189. 28 MOtALIMVESEMIET ES ee aa eee $1, 000, 000. 00 1, 642, 923. 12 2, 642, 923. 12 5, 836, 772. O1 8, 479, 695. 13 CASH BALANCES, RECEIPTS, AND DISBURSEMENTS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR* ‘Cash! balanecezon hand: June 305 194222) See ‘Receipts : Cash income from yarious sources for general WOLKsOi Une Institutions === a $82, 792. 06 Cash gifts and contributions expendable for spe- cial scientific objects (not to be invested) _--_ 25, 233. 00 Cash gifts for special scientific work (to be UAVS TOC) pee ete os ee oN a i Ba i Ea ee Al old 500. 00 Cash income from endowments for specific use other than Freer endowment and from miscel- laneous sources (including refund of tem- WOLARY AGVaNGes))22 oes ee ee 131, 518. 33 Cash received as royalties from Smithsonian SCientifiG mS agile Sail eee AU ec es 17, 766. 32 Cash capital from sale, call of Securities, ete. (tobe) reinvested) 2262 see te ne ee 373, 564. 26 Total receipts other than Freer endowment___--_____-__--~ Cash income from Freer endowment___-__-____ $216, 125. 07 Cash capital from sale, call of securities, ete. (to DE ATC INVESTEC) ite ene ee no Ae 1, 440, 606. 70 $740, 823. 73 631, 373. 97 1, 656, 731. 77 3, 028, 929. 47 1This statement does not include Government appropriations under the administrative charge of the Institution. REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTER 93 ; CASH BALANCES, eg AND. DISBURSEMENTS DURING THE FIS- CAL YEAR—Continued Disbur, sements: From funds for general work of the Institution: Buildings—care, repairs, and alterations__ _— $2, 9S0. 12 Hurniturevand fixtures). iT ee 173. 43 General administration * a 2 I 33, 108. 71 Ubinas yes eae DEN OO ore Vn 2, 517. 92 _ Publications (comprising preparation, printing, and distribution)_-___________ 36, 634. 70 Researches and explorations__.__________ 15, 372. 22 $90, 787. 10 _ From funds for specific use, other than Freer endowment : Investments made from gifts and from sav- LEZ Sm ON INCOME ret AG Eesha Ie 50, 752. 65 Other expenditures, consisting largely of research work, travel, increase and eare of special collections, etc., from income of endowment funds, and from cash gifts for specific use (including temporary EUG VelI CES), Ae a ei ees Ce 122, 872. 78 Reinvestment of cash capital from sale, call OL ESCCUEICIOS CL Gates Mag eS U Dest es 285, 264. 19 Cost of handling securities, fee of invest- ment counsel, and accrued interest on bonds purchased____-_____-___-______ 3, 069. 05 —_——____ 462, 668. 67 From Freer endowment: Operating expenses of the gallery, salaries, field expenses, ete_____________________ 37, 224. 00 Purchase of art objeects___________-_______ 131, 971. 87 Reinvestment of cash capital from Sale, eall of securities, ete__--___~--_____. __~ 1, 611, 775. 28 Cost of handling securities, fee of invest- ment counsel, and accrued interest on bonds purchased______--_~__-2-________ 22, 804. 12 1, 803, 775. 27 Cashebalance une! s0s 1943052 ee Ee ee ee 671, 698. 43 CH NOY Fz cz et I ea ee oe UE A og as 3, 028, 929. 47 2 This includes salary of the Secretary and certain others. Included in the foregoing are expenditures for researches in pure science, publications, explorations, care, increase, and study of collec- tions, ate, ., aS follows: Expenditures from general funds of the Institution ; BE ca bo iN eA TSN Oe is $36, 634. 70 Researches and explorations_____-_________________ 15, 372. 22 $52, 006. 92 94 “ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1943 Expenditures from funds devoted to specific purposes : / Researches and explorations_______________________ $37, 032. 59 Care, increase, and study of special collections_______ 7, 062. 42 RUDICATIONS oes oae ya ed CONS CD Ge Sich ee RL eae 6, 054. 74 $50, 149. 75 TT cy Een ae Se Se My A le Ay LS LL LN AUS OO ee 102, 156. 67 The practice of depositing on time in local trust companies and banks such revenues as may be spared temporarily has been continued © during the past year, and interest on these deposits has amounted to $1,348.28. The Institution gratefully acknowledges gifts or bequests from the following: Funds from sale of certain publications, property of the late KE. J. Brown to be used, at his request, for the study of birds. Florence Brevoort Hickemeyer, bequest, income of which to be used for exhibition, preservation and care of photographic works and collection of Rudolph Hickemeyer, Jr. Friends of Dr. Albert 8. Hitchcock for Hitchcock Agrostological Library. John A. Roebling, further contributions for research in radiation. All payments are made by check, signed by the Secretary of the In- stitution on the Treasurer of the United States, and all revenues are deposited to the credit of the same account. In many instances deposits are placed in bank for convenience of collection and later are with- drawn in round amounts and deposited in the Treasury. The foregoing report relates only to the private funds of the Insti- tution. The following annual appropriations were made by Congress for the Government bureaus under the administrative charge of the Smith- sonian Institution for the fiscal year 1943: General vexpensesas tc. 08 gk Oe ce a es eee $394, 384 (This combines under one heading the appropriations heretofore made for Salaries and Expenses, International Exchanges, Amer- ican Ethnology, Astrophysical Observatory, and National Collec- tion of Fine Arts of the Smithsonian Institution, and for Maintenance and Operation of the United States National Museum.) Preservation of collections (including supplemental appropriation for Overtime salaries)! Gey: es CAL Oeil, Gite ee Oe Reet ee Sa 699, 246 Frits Serra) rym ee ec oe ve i Ne eee ee 88, 500: National Zoological Park (including supplemental appropriation for OV EBC E CSN AICS) ec i NTT RATS Lae UA 269, 2001 Cooperation with the American Republics (transfer to the Smithsonian Dm Sti bution) a et Ae a a a 57, 500 Wore bealitn' efi nna hee as eee 20, 000: REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 95 _ The report of the audit of the Smithsonian private funds is given below : SEPTEMBER 23, 1943. BXEGUTIVE COMMITTEE, BOARD: OF; REGENTS, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. Sirs: Pursuant to agreement we have audited the accounts of the Smithsonian Institution for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1948, and certify the balance of '~ cash on hand, including Petty Cash Fund, June 30, 1943, to be $673,598.48. We have verified the record of receipts and disbursements maintained by the Tustitution and the agreement of the book balances with the bank balances. We have examined all the securities in the custody of the Institution and in the custody of the banks and found them to agree with the book records. We have compared the stated income of such securities with the receipts of record and found them in agreement therewith. We have examined all vouchers covering disbursements for account of the Institution during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1948, together with the authority therefor, and have compared them with the Institution’s record of expenditures and found them to agree. We have examined and verified the accounts of the Institution with each trust fund, We found the books of account and records well and accurately kept and the securities conveniently filed and securely cared for. All infermation requested by your auditors was promptly and courteously furnished. We certify the Balance Sheet, in our opinion, correctly presents the financial condition of the Institution as at June 30, 1943. Respectfully submitted. WILLIAM L.. YAEGER, Certified Public Accountant. Respectfully submitted. Freperic A. DELANO, VANNEVAR Busu, CLARENCE CANNON, Executive Committee. ~ ots 3 9088 012 ‘Qa