Eighteenth Report State Entomologist of Minnesota To the GOVERNOR By A. G. RUGGLES Agricultural Experiment Station University Farm, St. Paul, Minnesota December 1, 1920 | Eighteenth Report State Entomologist of Minnesota To the Governor By A. G. RUGGLES SUBJECT INDEX Page General report on the activities of the State Entomologist, including insect conditions, a Financial Statement, and a List of Nurserymen. By Noes (Crap GGL OSPa teeter Ps erercuskons tein, ce ere) ce lain Seep oe EL LT oA Observations on Mites Infesting Flour and Mill Feed. By R. N. Chapman Factors Influencing the Subcortical Temperatures of Logs. By S. A. (Geel me Bam ance eae ORS acs ech RRR a SEER EONE ae Pe rOINS re Studies of the Flight of Nocturnal Lepidoptera. By William C. Cook .... he Principles of Film-Forming Sprays. By Wilham Moore .......:.... Contribution to the Knowledge of the Group Aphidina, Family Aphididae @eiomoptera) = eB y Osea @Oesthurnds oe aetna leer tates eas eee Monograph of the North American Species of Deraeocoris (Heteroptera, Minraidae)) iw nee ee ae ONS er ees = A ne a cee goes ars eae (oe ak te Ree Agricultural Experiment Station University Farm, St. Paul, Minn. December 1, 1920 77 Published June 18, 1921 The Colwell Press, Inc. Minneapolis December I, 1920 To His Excellency J. A. AV -Burnquist, ' Governor of the State of Minnesota. Dear Sir: In compliance with the law I have the honor to present herewith a report on the activities of the State Entomologist for the year ending December 1, 1920. Our three funds, the state entomologist fund, the nursery inspec- tion fund, and the special fund for white pine blister rust would indi- cate that the work is organized along certain very definite lines. As a matter of fact the work-as planned this year is very closely knit to- gether. The men in the field, whether in nurseries, on farms, or in the forest, were constantly on the lookout for plant pests, barberries, and a special disease of white pine. Close codperation was effected with the Division of Plant Pathology and Botany, at University Farm, in the matter of plant diseases and barberry eradication; with the United States Department of Agriculture on barberry eradication and the white pine blister rust survey, and with the state forester on Ribes eradication. In reporting this work, the principal subjects of interest will be briefly outlined. Inspection of nurseries.—The nursery business in Minnesota con- tinues to increase. The older firms are enlarging their business and new firms are starting. It must be remembered that all our cultivated flowers, shrubs, and trees-come from this source. With the constantly increasing demand for such material it is well to bear in mind the necessity for keeping such stock in a perfect condition. Our depart- ment, therefore, is to be regarded as the Health Bureau of the plant industry of the state. As a rule improved labor conditions were reflected in the appear- ance of nurseries throughout the state. Inspection this year was ex- tended to include a large number of orchards, special attention being given to those of commercial size. We were able to give helpful in- formation to several orchard owners and we hope that this part of the work can be enlarged next year if sufficient funds are provided. Ap- proximately two hundred twenty-five towns were covered in the in- spection of nurseries and orchards. A total of 163 nurseries were inspected, the larger ones being inspected three or four times during the season. Eight deputy inspectors were employed on this work, two of them during only part of the summer. a 0 4 EIGHTEENTH Report StTatE ENtToMoLoGIstT oF MINNESOTA—1920 Altho several minor diseases and insects were found this year, none were of sufficient importance to necessitate withholding a cer- tificate. Several interesting problems in the control of insects and diseases have appeared. It is hoped that some time can be spent next year in trying to solve the most important of these. Our efforts last season in trying to stamp out the white pine blister rust were evidently successful, for altho more time was spent this year than ever before in hunting the disease, it was not found ina single nursery. The inspection of foreign shipments has been somewhat modified, owing to the strict provisions of the new federal quarantine No. 37, dealing with the entry of foreign-grown nursery stock. As there ap- pears to be a lack of proper inspection by European inspectors, it is imperative that the small amount of material coming into the country must be inspected more carefully than usual at the destination. The value of state quarantines was emphasized this year when it was learned that nine shipments of stock from an area in New Jersey infested with the Gipsy Moth had been sent into this state in 1917. Fortunately no trace of this dangerous insect was found in checking up these shipments. In 1919 in examining a shipment of about three thousand Nar- cissus bulbs from Holland, twenty per cent were found infested with the Narcissus fly, MZerodon equestris Fab. In several bulbs there were found, along with the narcissus fly, larvae which proved to be those of the Lunate onion fly, Ewmerus strigatus Fall. This is a bad pest in Europe and as it 1s possible that we were not able to intercept all the infested bulbs, some may have escaped to become a new pest of onions in Minnesota. The Minnesota quarantine against currants and gooseberries from certain states on account of the white pine blister rust was amended on January 5, 1920, to allow entry of all species except the cultivated black currant. The finding of much blister rust in Minnesota made continuance of this quarantine unnecessary. A quarantine on corn, except shelled corn or shelled corn products, from Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York was established March 5, 1920, on account of the presence of the European Corn Borer in those states. White pine blister rust—In view of the general distribution of blister rust infection in east central Minnesota as found in 1919, the possibility of its complete or partial eradication from the state was defi- nitely abandoned and a permanent policy of local control adopted. The United States Department of Agriculture, cooperating with us in blister rust control, has found that the removal of all currant and Insect Notes For 1920 5 gooseberry bushes within 200 to 300 yards will protect white pines under usual conditions. The future development of blister rust control in Minnesota be- came, therefore, primarily a forestry problem. This situation was im- mediately brought to the attention of the State Forester and his hearty cooperation was secured. The following program was then outlined for 1920: (1) Control work to be undertaken by the State Forester ; (2) scouting in and around nurseries to prevent distribution of blister rust by infected nursery stock and a limited amount of scouting in the native pine area to determine progress of infection, to be carried on by the State Entomologist; (3) educational work to be carried on by the State Forester and State Entomologist co-operating; (4) experi- mental work, the study of currants and gooseberries in relation to eradication methods, to be undertaken by the chief of the Division of Forestry, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. Two eradication crews, each composed of five or six men and one foreman, worked all summer protecting pines in state. parks and on state lands. The total area covered was 743 acres, work being carried on in the Interstate Park, at Taylor’s Falls; in Jay Cook Park, near Carlton; and in Itasca Park. The cost of first-time eradication ranged from $1.70 to $13.74 per acre, averaging $4.69 for the entire area. Blister rust was found this year over a much wider area than be- fore, isolated infections being found as far north as Tower, in north- ern St. Louis County; as far east as Knife River, in the southwest corner of Lake County; and as far west as Gull Lake, northwest of Brainerd, in the southeast corner of Cass County. Infection was found for the first time in the counties of Cass, Crow Wing, Itasca, and Lake. Comparatively little time was spent in scouting for disease in the native pine area. It must now be assumed that blister rust is present in practically any part of the state where white pines are found and the develop- ment of future plans governed accordingly. For the next few years a large part of this work should be educational with a view to showing owners of white pine areas the danger from this disease. The pro- tection of nurseries and the state lands by the eradication of the Ribes must, of course, be continued. Barberry eradication.—The barberry campaign was carried on sys- tematically in 1920 by the Office of Cereal Investigations, Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Department of Agriculture. Two men and an automobile were assigned to a county with instructions to ex- 6 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomococist oF MInNEsora—1920 amine every farmstead for the common barberry. Nine counties, Lac Qui Parle, Yellow Medicine, Lincoln, Lyon, Pipestone, Murray, Nobles, Jackson, and Martin, were completely surveyed. While systematic survey was carried on in nine counties, a tenth, Faribault, was almost completed, but work was cut off on account of the weather. Besides this work, nursery inspectors who were working all over the state were always on the alert and reported many bushes. The most of the field work, however, was carried on by the Office of Cereal Investigations, Bureau of Plant Industry, under L. W. Melander, state leader, and under general direction of Dr. E. M. Freeman, of the Division of Plant Pathology and Botany, University Farm. Approximately $10,000 of Federal funds were spent since July 1, 1920, when the campaign for the present year began. Some funds are still on hand so the 1921 campaign will possibly start before May 1. To date, 729,875 bushes have been found in Minnesota, 729,411 have been dug. Of these, 5,562 bushes were found this year on 223 properties. The bushes on 191 properties have been removed. Thirty- one of these plantings had escaped from cultivation, or, in other words, were wild. Southeastern Minnesota, particularly along the Mississippi, pre- sents a condition somewhat different from other parts of the state. Here many farms are infested with barberry bushes which have not been planted by the farmer, but seeds have evidently been carried for miles by birds, to sprout and grow into bushes. To remove these bushes costs the farmer a considerable amount of money through no fault of his own, and to enforce the law causes considerable antag- onism. An extra man on the job to help the farmer take out these bushes and employed entirely by the state would help this difficulty. In almost every outbreak of wheat stem rust the source of infec- tion can be traced to the barberry. A farmer in Goodhue county re- cently said that in 1918 he did not have a bit of stem rust until after a severe northwest wind and rain. The field assistant pointed out an area due northwest of this man’s farm where in 1919, 13,000 bushes were destroyed. Spores evidently were carried from this infested area by the wind. The federal and state departments are working in close codpera- tion and give each other all the help possible. If this cooperation can continue for five years, with the state helping a little more financially than at present, the survey of Minnesota for barberry will be near completion, and the great majority of bushes will have been removed. However, the danger of bushes escaping from cultivation must not be Insect Notes For 1920 7 forgotten, and a strong force of helpers during the growing season must be kept on the alert. We believe the work should be continued until it is demonstrated beyond doubt that barberry eradication pays. Insect problems of the year—The usual pests of the year have been present, some of them more and some less abundant than usual. Some new insects, as the apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh, and the asparagus beetle, Crioceris asparagi Linn., have made their appearance in the state. These have already caused considerable dam- age. Other insects found for the first time this year, as some of the bugs and aphids, will probably be heard from later. The new pests are being studied carefully, as well as the whole group representing the bugs and aphids, so that it is hoped any outbreak can be reported on immediately with methods of control. Apple maggot—lIn 1914 when asked by Professor W. C. O’Kane, of New Hampshire, whether the apple maggot was a pest of Minne- sota the reply was, that so far Minnesota had experienced no trouble from the insect. Specimens of the fly Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh, were in our collection, found in 1898 on Crataegus, but no reports weré on record that the insect had damaged cultivated fruit. The first re- port of injury came in 1918. In 1919 the reports were more numerous and in 1920 the injury done by this insect was very severe. All of the best apple growing areas were affected, which means practically the southern half of the state. The common hosts of the insect in Minnesota are the common varieties of apples like the Strawberry crab, Wealthy, Malinda, Peer- less, Northwestern Greening, and Patten’s Greening. Beside the host plants of apples and Crataegus, Dr. H. H. Knight added this year the wolfberry Symphiocarpos occidentalis Hook. He found the white berries in August and September greatly infested. Damage is done by the insect in both the larval or immature stage, and in the adult. The adults are flies, slightly smaller than houseflies and may be distinguished by the peculiar black bands across the wings. They are found flying during the months of July, August and Sep- tember, most of the eggs probably being laid in July or August. Be- fore egg laying begins the flies may be seen alighting on the surface of the fruits and leaves, rasping the surface with their probosces, eventu- - ally swallowing the removed particles. This process does not injure the fruit materially but soon after feeding, egg laying begins. The eggs are thrust through the skin by means of the ovipositor and where each puncture was made there, later, often appears a depression or dimple. The eggs hatch into maggots which eat through the pulp of 8 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist or MtInNesota—1l920 the fruit. In the earlier part of the season the infested apples drop, while later apples may be put in storage and the damage not seen until they are brought out for use several months later. The tunnels made by the tiny maggots through the pulp make the apple unfit for use. There are practically only two ways of combating this insect. One is by picking up the dropped fruits twice a week or oftener during the summer and destroying them, and the other is by spraying. Sheep, allowed to run in the orchard during certain periods of the season, pick up many of the infested fruits and prevent the further development of the insects in the apples eaten. Poultry, if in suffi- cient numbers and confined to the orchard, would unquestionably pick up many of the insects as they escape from the fallen fruit to enter the soil. In spraying to control the pest, the habit of the adult of rasping the surface of the fruit and leaf is taken advantage of. It is found that if there is a layer of poison, as arsenate of lead, on its food the little fly does not notice the difference. The thing necessary to do, therefore, is to spray the food at the time that most of the flies are around. This is in July. In our regular spraying program we have always recommended three sprayings, (1) when the center bud of the flower cluster begins to show pink, (2) just after the blossoms fall, and (3) from two to three weeks after the second. In ordinary years the second spray is given about June 15. This would bring the third spraying about the first part of July, which would be just right for the first spraying for the apple maggot. Another spraying, the fourth in all, should be given for this pest about the middle of July. The combination spray of arsenate of lead and lime-sulphur should be used in each application. As this insect has become so abundant and as it is a native Ameri- can insect “gone bad” and as it is not at all likely that it will lessen its work of destruction, it simply means that the Minnesota orchardist must fight for his crops harder than ever. Asparagus beetle-—The asparagus beetle, Crioceris asparagi Linn., was found for the first time in Minnesota in 1919. The insects were found in one corner of a large asparagus plot in a nursery. Not much damage was noticed in 1919, but in 1920 the asparagus bed was very badly damaged, but the beetle was not found outside a radius of seven miles from the nursery. It looks as if this pest would very soon be added to the number of those with which the home gardener as well as the market gardener will have to contend. Grasshoppers.—Grasshoppers started last spring in earnest. The Insect Notes For 1920 Y fall of 1919 was very favorable for egg laying, and eggs hatched in enormous numbers in June, 1920. A campaign for grasshopper control was put on in the infested counties and much poison bait was used by the farmers. This fact coupled with the wet June, prevented grass- hopper development in Minnesota. Hence only in a few local areas was much damage done. The dry fall of 1920 was again very favorable for grasshopper egg laying, so the grower must be alive to danger from these pests in 1921. It is hoped that the experience of the last season will help materially in spreading the gospel of control measures. Cutworms and army worms.—The year 1920 was notable for the absence of the common varieties of cutworms which work in fields and gardens in the spring. Altho there was a widespread and serious outbreak of the Variegated cutworm, in 1919, this species was present only in very small numbers and practically no complaints were re- ceived. There was also an outbreak of the army worm in 1919, which covered a large part of the state. This species was also reported in 1920, altho from an entirely different part of the state. In 1919 the area of greatest abundance covered the northwestern part of the state nearly as far south as the Minnesota River, and another infested region extended from near Duluth to the southern boundary along the Mississippi River. In 1920 the southwestern part of the state, south of the Minnesota River, was attacked, with the centers of heavi- est infestation in Yellow Medicine and Lyon counties. Reports of damage were received from practically all the counties west of Man- kato and south of the Minnesota River. Reports came in about ten days later than in 1919, following a cool, wet spring which retarded the growth of the larvae. An interest- ing feature of the season’s work was the failure of the worm to form true marching armies. A visit was made to the infested regions the first week of August, and it was found that in no case had the armies marched more than a few hundred feet. The individual armies were small, but there were sometimes three or four distinct armies, originat- ing from as many centers of infestation in a single field. The apparent cause of this failure to march was to be found in the weather conditions at the time of egg laying. The latter part of June and the first week of July were very wet, and many favorable places for egg laying could be found in any field. This accounted for the smallness of the armies and their quite uniform distribution over the section. A belt consisting of the northern parts of Cottonwood 10 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 and Murray counties, and the southern parts of Lyon and Redwood counties was badly damaged, as was another section lying on the boun- dary between Pipestone and Rock counties. Isolated outbreaks were reported from Canby, Yellow Medicine county, Hutchinson, Mc- Leod county, and Northfield, Rice county. The damage was done principally to oats, and consisted in the cutting off of the heads. This was seen to a considerable extent even in fields in which the oats were cut and shocked. In one or two places flax and corn were attacked, and at Northfield a pasture was slightly damaged. Clover and other leguminous crops were rarely eaten, and in no case were they badly damaged. Where oats and wheat were planted together, the oats were always more badly damaged than the wheat. There is little probability of an attack in this region in 1921, but fall conditions seem to indicate the possibility of an outbreak through the central portion of the state, near the Twin Cities and northward to St. Cloud. This, however, can not be definitely determined until next July. Onion insects——The onion maggot and onion thrips were much in evidence last year, particularly the latter. Considerable experimental work was done with these insects but the exceptionally dry summer prevented experimental control work. Orchard spraying—The experimental work on orchard spraying was continued and the data are being worked over at this time. The results this year, owing probably to the season, were slightly different from those of last year. This year it was found, as in 1918, that lime- sulphur controlled scab better than any of the other mixtures, while of the arsenicals used, arsenate of lead and arsenate of lime were equally effective in controlling the codling moth or leaf-eating insects. Further experimental spraying work must be carried on before dust- ing can be unhesitatingly recommended. ° Basal leaf galls of cottonwoods, and squirrels——At the base of cottonwood leaves in June there occurs very often a swollen oval en- largement from a quarter to half an inch in diameter. These are galls caused by a plant louse, Pemphigus populicaulis Fitch. Another closely related leaf-stem gall is caused by Pemphigus populitransversus Riley. These galls on the leaf stems of cottonwoods are very common in this state. During the early part of the summer complaints came to the office that the cottonwoods were losing their leaves. The same thing was hap- pening on my own lawn. Upon examination of the fallen leaves it was found that they had broken off or had been cut straight across the center of the gall. In freshly fallen leaves the cut areas were still fresh and Insect Notes For 1920 11 green. It seemed very peculiar that the galls should break just at this point when others were still on the tree and needed considerable pull to make them break. An unusually large number of these leaves falling one day made a study of the problem imperative. To make a long story short, a red squirrel Sciurus hudsonius Erx., was the depredator. The squirrel would reach for the galls and eating into them, as he would a nut, evidently enjoyed the taste of the enclosed plant lice. The leaf portion became free and dropped. From thirty to forty seconds would suffice for one gall. He went from leaf to leaf with great rapid- ity. The feasting was kept up for an hour or sometimes longer, until the hunger was satisfied. One squirrel could therefore do considerable damage. Since that time the operation has been seen many times. In one wood where there were not supposed to be any red squirrels this phenomena of leaf dropping occurred. As our observations did not extend over a long time it could not be proved that squirrels were the depredators. The large gray squirrel, S. carolinensus Gon., has never been seen to do the injury. In connection with the forest insect work it has been shown by experiment that insects working in logs are much more subject to the action of external physical factors than was formerly supposed. Logs in deep shade are apparently less subject to injury by the more serious wood destroyers than those in more open situations. This is partly due to a retarding of the rate of development in the cool, shady loca- tion and partly to the fact that fewer eggs are deposited in logs under very shady conditions. This suggests the possibility of shading logs to protect them from the attack of the more injurious species of insects. On the upper side of logs exposed to the direct rays of the sun, subcortical temperatures of 60 degrees, C., or more have been observed. In fact, in some logs the temperatures on almost any bright day during the summer will pass above the fatal point for insects. This is not, however, true of all logs. The temperature beneath the bark is gov- erned by light intensity, angle of incidence of the sun’s rays, color, sur- face, structure, thickness of the bark, air temperature, air movements, evaporation from bark surface, and proximity to the other radiating or absorbing surfaces. White pine logs often reach very high tempera- tures, while norway pine logs are comparatively cool. One of the problems studied during the past year has been the spreading and adherence of arsenical sprays. Considerable progress has been made on both phases of the problem and the details will soon appear in print. Much, however, remains to be studied. From the re- sults of this investigation certain new fields of insecticidal experimen- 12 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntToMoLoGIst OF MINNESOTA—1920 tation have been opened up. It is hoped that certain insects which it has hitherto been impossible to destroy by sprays, may be controlled by some of these sprays. The financial statement and a list of Minnesota nurserymen are appended. Respectfully submitted, A. G. Ruggles, State Entomologist. FINANCIAL STATEMENT STATE ENTOMOLOGIST Fiscal Year, July 1, 1919, to June 30, 1920 JNTOYD NRG SHENG (Oy oT, Cat inca Aer cre a ee ee Tees Coe Aa ae Expenditures SEMIS VES! i 6 coche SNE RG enc rere a ae RE SNE ee »... $4,187.89 EEX) GINS C Sie mene sae OMe RESIST eee eet eee aan 449.65 IP ebetevaveenenaal joxblol es nubayer- = qc aoe es ls See ey Tepe 319.38 Oli Cemsup DIESER ee aan ne Ot eo 72.30 Hrnerointeandsexpressuetscm sian cacti ets Beis aie one 3.06 Melephonesandsteleoraphs sem nol eee es bate eealees Lee 84.41 MaiSGellaile Ou saem rises cece cn Pe erage er eae oe ae 445.39 PNOtOssacuts and eqiipiments.< acces cis cas seco. ac ee 101.06 ugnitune and equipment... soca. os eos ace fatten 232.67 reall vine Gee eicw vane alesse ieie ss aeiee oS Naat! phy ahs eens NURSERY INSPECTION Fiscal Year July 1, 1919, to June 30, 1920 PNT OIRO DIU LOMM tere ek vate asta erst ere eo ae as Risto os Se SUMAN” SHER alla NW oS a plese ta ees eA OO A ee ee Ce INUIRSEIg VaR IIS PECtIOM =e LeeStranitclole sees aac see dio eee hous hote vine eee GrediiqroneloSia bad eesinesadrs oetohest ioe Gieceteisc oars ie ere) ee ee Expenditures SSIES at jee a ete Rl aon As ee oc pag A eT) ie $1,504.09 ElGravielino me xp.eMS ES, us seeie cxelsve cit Ae cheieisic o, cyele ensione sc) oes 921.63 IMIS CE EI SOTIGH ater o one tain nic eacaarlenn SOL Sainte NtEors Tc mee 43.63 [Byrabbal trees 2s. rc oe etcerictene chins i eae eee ee ce en re 272.54 TEXG\SUUENGY = 5 Bake OOOO CORE CLOT Ge bn EE Oe DR ane 100.00 sPelephtonesamdmtelle cra phic ces onc seeconeye ale’s 0,0 a.cleio.e ae sls 7.00 Jo Din anHUbRS heal ~xalobhononadhe Ao eons cas adeeb oa ooo aan use 86.06 Biallain@ ere cee ee eT ORO ee SE RS Coilections—nursery fees OSs (Gentiticates: issued: to. MUrseryinen. 5.0.2 0... >= $525.00 on Centiicatesmssiuedeto. dealers: ccc: s che cis asec eee e a 75.00 INGipbiNKG Gin, este lonkclexsce Saeed cui ons ee ouacdbonse 5 60 Retindsonesalany: Checkers Gsstiss co vee dee see 150.00 13 $6,300.00 9,095.8) $404.19 $5,000.00 150.00 600.00 5.00 $5,755.00 $2,934.95 $2,820.05 14 EIGHTEEViTH Revorr State ENtomMotocist or MiInNEsora—1920 Deposited with state Treasurer Octoner Os OOM men ere ae aera ere DeEcenb ets OO cere ato octets cr yeste rena see Niamiarysel 70 O20 ie ences ten gegen eo serrore entre nese erones Mitr Chess S20 as. drat me rote ois se : Mia che Oe LOZ 0 a rccecs alec ee tea eraa tis. casero Paes IMIG a oye dSLR re ae iets incon cn, SA Eo a a Hitt eS ye OHO yicoece, pansy acs eceinees eect MI tas aa rune seo. ho) A ee ss oa ne Rae eae WHITE PINE BEISEER RUST Fiscal Year July 1, 1919, to June 30, 1920 END IRC DTIAtLOMNG asc aeicters sLcneterermaorepch nails siete seaie ree rie rere ere SH GI ieee le Se hn ROP RR eer PN AOR. tah SSD Laas oa Ae Rventindisaeo. aR eee Tn RR RIN. ey aR oer © Can Owvendrant. wialve Vs OMT etc ee enue «feta S allie Simeone sits te Peete reo Ra ROT cokers, Se eee tz EXD TUS CC Rp eer ota dedahe totes eg oreie Rock. eae grt ee ea aa, Printing and publishing SLD DILES epee ee yen ta haces toe Meee a Go ones Pe ne sine Mescdea Wits CellaneOUSrre Reena yaar eee cies cos eee oe Freight and express Groceries and icamp equipment... .5sc.-06 60. euiee oe elephone andetelegraph. toss cc dkianerrna tescc ct tacttoe Photos, cuts, etc. $7,500.00 150.00 1.05 $755 00 $7,651.05 $7,460.08 $190.97 NURSERIES: INSPECTED 1920 PROPRIETOR Town NURSERY or ADDRESS PANG Cie wae eitcs-. chars ceils toes Carl F. Carlson PAM GT ye sci sustcne Siete ake Diamond rails Nurseryac... 2.2 es Erickson Brothers INiibertslbeay or. c sa. seis DheyAlbertsvea, Nurserys.s- ose os os os O. M. Peterson Nibertiwlueals Scrgise cecels ae Robert H. Black PNibentm@lica 2 mc.sciss ae ce ihe Souths Side Nursery... 7.5.0. 065 Martin Fridholm PNlibe rte Cain. sice-+ seers ore Harry E. Ruble Albert ea. scrias cls a2 WiecisemNimtSetsyisscctaniecics ed ae cee eke: Robert Wedge Mlexamcdiniay ce niece Alexandria Nursery Company........../ Alex Anderson mMlexaidiias oc. «srs ei Mexanditasniit iManinies sclnesie eee ce Henry Wille Nrimandales 2 .cs. ese Alexandriankruit Companys... s.o-+- sec F, J. Eaker Arago and Cloquet....College of Forestry................State of Minnesota INGK OMAR Shee erase asatart a! NGS Kova NinSenytemmyeceton cic ci necceets tiers Ludvig Mosbeck INGWia CO Ia cqnacincoaeemyerye oie Atwater binttits Wanineests soeer canoe Peter Peterson PN titles tere ene ists. cake AeeINGE instar llincet eee sete a A. N. Kinsman, Inc. PANS LiMMmares Sewers esis eeae The Wurtle Greek, Nursery. <. fjas)20 es: J. M. Lindsay BER? 560585 donne aus The Herschberger Nursery Farm iBattlemeakerewc.n antics The Swedberg Bros. Nurseries........ Swedberg Bros. Bermac iment ners waters: cess J. A. Berglund la\eroubialsl \eameiern Gee eee Beltrami Nursery and Greenhouses......... Otto Brose IBXSonvIGhil Ws artncerotea cs. Shady Nook Poultry and Fruit Farm....I. E. Raymond Bithal OMe eens aan ces eee Wah-wah-taysee Lodge................ T. W. Ingersoll BiyGO Tere hea ciaccac tse eich ihe sBynons INuESenye seer acinetaceacinc tere ce F. E. Cutting (Canmoyniclers” Gonocauos moc OshiumdesieNunsenys eee eee eae N. N. Oslund Ganlbivgartemrtrscrtt sy no ee OLVCLU SIN UGSERY: Wasco one atedie seit na weet Peter Sivert (Gantommerr, iris cen cee Fillmore County Nursery............ George F. Snyder Cleare Riviera. won eae ce Dell Revere Fruit and Nursery Co., F. J. Bernard & Sons @loguetetsneesea- ose Hagen & Nielson...... 114 Met. Life Bldg., Minneapolis Cokatou neo ence. 1a CokatosBerry= Barmera. case dee Fayette Lee Gokatowenern. accncc John EH dotese NiuGseryecncs see - oO ese an sere John Eklof Wollegevilley na. 2 cence oe Collegeville Trial Station......... St. John’s University Grookstotteaacacreeeisce Crookston Substation......... University of Minnescta Grookstonpen. no -cs oe Schusterm NiuUnLsen ver neater ceincr erie E. W. Schuster Crookston eee race te The Vandermark Nursery..... Mrs. C. W. Vandermark Weerwoode iss aenscs sce ec Frank Fuller Deerwood) 4.2 5sa5. ccc. G. W. Hunt IDSENTO podsegueceopaeina Oy aly [Bhaunaliconiy Welanomaqwacst orcs. Delano NiumSer yscertctnctestelee cts otc orers : Charles Sell Dresbackw a) 74s acy oae W. S. Widmoyer ID\oUkeTdaY a gesenceenc aces OliversBrowne Nursery asossceoee | lee Oliver Brown 32 Washington Ave. IDE Bi dole seo tomcat a ura DialwtheSubstation ja ct University of Minnesota aclesBendinacmecacriece DalolemB emai NwESetye eer cee 1 « ceelelole chs ec Tee haylor East Grand Forks...... Boudenbacks Nursenyes.-8 . 2.5 ccler - F. J. Loudenback 5) 16 EIGHTEENTH Report StaTE ENTOMOLOGIST oF M1inNEsotTA—1920 PROPRIETOR Town NURSERY or ADDRESS lihienop Kae Ala oe eas aa cada Elmore we NULseiyecesmiocittath pierce oe Jens Coupanger GelSiOm mecercsccccie nike Brackett spi Ntisenyeriades carci eran heer tree A. Brackett HxcelSiOnr yas. sae nis a The Deephaven Nursery........... Alfred O. Hawkins ECE STOR eee tscie sencis sees The Highlands Fruit Farm....C. P. Jackson Land Co. ECEISION Mereiseeie me oton ays ate The Hawkinson Nursery.......... Charles Hawkinson Excelsior =..026.0....-. Mannetonka Old Fashioned- Flower Gardén. 2... asse2 Mrs. N. S. Sawyer lEswealGiord- bak cposaode cee OPE Seamamc eNunsenyes.. 4. es. eee O. H. Seaman EEXGEISION, Gaeeuretelecuan es Bhurmann’s! Nwrsety.2'. 4% a... 2 W: J.C. Thurmann Excelsior aeccic sucess Zumbra Heights Fruit and Poultry Farm. August Sauter MainmoOnt) ss. escce- Ae ee Amber WuakkesNursenys..-.c ods acca cas P. C. Christenson airtmont cece: Gah Hardon IR IhaDNOOIE Goocgooadnoonee Wie SMe eeey thereto, sles Sarees rs 811 N—North Ave. ISeWiciao}aen a aca a ow wa ot BairimontweNunsenlestacccecseciiocieset G. D. McKkKisson ATADAULE sen decmicero ce ae Andrews sNiinsery (Cone au... «oe Andrews Nursery Co. Ineyaloe Nal Go aBloteos aotoe Brand. Nuyserys Companvace.scoee ss cueaeet A. M. Brand [Deyeloewoile Gy acesososudse Ranmer, Seedrand: Nucsery (€o.5..5.... 02: Wm. Kueker paiawiel lites caries epee. eve Claus Osterberg HIRCEPOGE: tars sens ee meee eye Wilwerding’s Nursery and Apiary....A. J. Wilwerding Garden @itiys = ccmacm tte Nils RakesNiinseryesaccaeeee tere ieee. De Mullis laleylsieialeeaigd dine goede ~oEvergreenm Nursery. o-. >. «ssc0 5 Rev. ©; A. Th. Solem Naive leas eee oicae th ee ote Elushardtisnsoms aN ursetye... ceracic cite Hughardt’s Sons TAS ty peer Maen aera So sees Wiricht Gounty Nurseny...2..-cartec. aoe Js Sse Elotson EVOWUStOM stir anicinen aa MinlegarneeailleiNainserye cian once eet chee Wm. Sandrock Hlowatceelealles terse esieas Howard Lake and Victor Nurseries........ W. H. Eddy bib Darndiea tensity acer Leake Grant Fa betit aS sine shcestora eee Northwestern Plum Nursery.......... Freeman Thorpe MECHINSONs Beceem seats Louis Melicker Inver Grove <2...0s6:. = Otto G. Born ethers crear ines cron ss soa Sirens. Iimevls Sieymontyengs oouadocobolosoos Dewain Cook Kelner te siaeicei ci see ne I. W. Gehron Keen Ones eat eretioe at ihe Kenyon Nursery. 2220.5: J. A. Mogren & Sons IK@canionl ABgooosaneoue oc ‘he Oake Grove Ninseryecmse oe os ae P. H. Volstad Kenyon and Zumt Ss SOUthe Wemyom wWNiUTSeLynses set ene BY Je Hershaus: Kermalberly: ttseis ocrecire AVineSmufack aime wNi is ery secpcce-re ae eis ores H. B. Ayres War Crescent saevetc tee DACs Wiebster Erurt Fanm!.cin-msee eect: D. C. Webster Walco i Gitiye om aoc cretenetena ads Ne Anderson Nunsetiys as5 ccc 2 see N. E. Anderson WWalkieen@ithyiy .fccnsuere eaters oye The Jewell Nursery Company..The Jewell Nursery Co. IBalle gs Gikyametee eerie UnderwoodBarms ascccecioc nonce J. M. Underwood Wakes Gity, sie sk, Men cyiee National Nursery Company............ J. L. Anderson alert Gity vse. a keoate iheslolleson- Nursenyis eee ee G. A. Tolleson NIC gl Sittvamt ery cyte caste tos Ed Zilgitt akelandi crisis -tcivs Vavareld=INiarseniesin.c-im se or. 6 L. L. May & Company Makelanadl cnyaccns Opie lailibpie lseinnlnnees pce bende p bone a oe H. V.. Rodham ind Str Omleed sackets seers The Chisago Lake Nursery............ Ludwig Carlson Weteehtrelidicn waive ccs. s The Hersusom Niursenyin. M. Soholt INitaimilccit Opes eit cts sensi nie Meranil MhemHarmer ¢NiUrSery.ccs «scene serene ses E. A. Farmer P. O. Linden Hills Sta., R. No. 2 Minneapolis 22:.5---.. Franklin Nursery...A.B. Franklin, P.O Richfield Sta. Minneapolis ; 1918—Preliminary report on samples of flour submitted for bacteriological examination by Professor Newstead, Royal Society, Reports of the grain Pests (War) Committee No. 2. London, 1918. Mites INFrestinGc Flour AND MiILt FEeEEp + Humphries, A. E. 1918—Reports on six samples of flour into which mites have been introduced. Royal Society. Reports of the Grain Pests,.(War) Committee No. 2, London, 1918. Newstead, R. and Duvall, H. Muriel. 1918—Bionomic, morphological and economic report on the acarids of stored grain and flour. Royal Society, Reports of the Grain Pests (War) Committee. No. 2, London, 1918. [Riley, C.. V.] 1888—Mites infesting an old grain elevator. Insect Life, 1888; 1:51. HACTORS INFLUENCING SLTHE SUBCORTICAL TEMPRRATURE SSO LOGS: By S. A. GRAHAM It has long been a matter of common observation among students of xylophagous insects, particularly among those interested in bark beetles, that the rate of insect development in logs varies greatly in different situations. We find frequent references to “heat prostration” of beetles in thin-barked logs exposed to the sun. Likewise it has often been noted that the time of brood emergence may vary by several weeks between north and south exposures in the same locality. More- over it is well known that in the North a species may have but one generation during a season, while in the South the same species may have two or more generations. While this is, perhaps, best exempli- fied by cambium dwellers the same may also be applied to all insects in the log. These well-known facts indicate rather conclusively that the activi- ties of insects in logs are strongly influenced by the external factors of their environment. Little can be found in literature regarding the ac- tion of these factors as a whole, or their comparative influence upon the insects beneath the bark. The most extensive piece of work con- tributing to the solution of this problem is that of Hennings. who conducted experiments with /ps typographus Linn. under controlled temperature and moisture conditions. Unfortunately his work is based only upon air temperature and air humidity, which, as will be shown later, have only an indirect influence upon conditions within the log. Thus Hennings observed “heat paralysis” at an air tempera- ture of 24 degrees C., but the temperature within the log at that par- ticular time can only be a matter of conjecture. Undoubtedly it was much higher. Hennings also noted that changes in the relative humid- ity of the surrounding air influenced the rate of development and also appeared to influence the fatal temperature of the insects under the bark. Here again he was dealing with an important factor, but in an indirect way. Other factors than temperature and humidity undoubtedly play an important role in the life of these insects. Hennings, Swaine, and 1 Published with the approval of the Director as Paper No. 253, of the Journal Series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. 26 THe SuBcoRTICAL TEMPERATURES OF Locs 27 ; others have pointed out that in addition to the heating effect of sun- ‘light a certain stimulation from the action of the solar radiation may be: observed. The evaporating power of the air, air movements, atmospheric pressure, and precipitation must all play a part in the life of all xylophagous species. This article, which is a part of a more extensive piece of work dealing with the ecology of wood-boring insects, will only consider those factors influencing the subcortical temperature of logs. The data for this paper were collected during the summer of 1920 at the field sta- tion of the University of Minnesota Forest School, Itasca Park, Minn. The prosecution of the work was materially aided by the laboratory and other facilities provided by the School of Forestry, and by helpful sug- gestions and criticisms by members of the University Staff, particularly Dr. R. N. Chapman, under whose direction the work was carried on. Factors INFLUENCING JEMPERATURE The attention of entomologists has recently been called to a prac- tical application of solar radiation in the control of wood-boring insects. Craighead,” working with ash logs in several localities in the South, found that the upper side of logs lying in full sunlight often reached a temperature above a point fatal to insects. On the basis of these find- ings he recommends the weekly turning of logs in order to protect them from destructive wood borers. He observed temperatures under the bark of logs which exceeded air temperature by as much as 60 degrees (F.?) depending upon the locality, the condition of the sky, and the angle of the sun’s rays. He does not mention several other factors which, from the experiments upon which the present paper is based, appear to be extremely important, namely: color, structure, thickness, and surface of the bark, air movements, evaporation from the surface layers of the bark, and proximity to other absorbing or radiating surfaces. The principal factors influencing cambium temperatures may be summarized as follows: 1. Solar radiation a. Light intensity b. Solar altitude c. Angle of incidence 2 Craighead, F. C., (1920) Direct Sunlight as a Factor in Forest Insect Control, Proc. of the Ent. Soc. of Washington, Vol. 22, pp. 106-108. 28 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENtToMOoLOGIST oF MINNESOTA—1920 2. Character otbark a. Color b. Surface cs otruchine d. Thickness 3. Air temperature 4. Air movement 5. Evaporation from bark surfaces 6. Proximity to other radiating or absorbing surfaces EXPERIMENTAL METHODS Mercury incubator thermometers were used for taking tempera- tures in the cambium. These were inserted in a hole bored into the end of the log in such a way that the thermometer bulb was located just beneath the bark, about four inches from the end of the log. The expanded portion of the thermometer fitted tightly, thus securely clos- ing the hole in the end of the log. In order to minimize the conduction of heat to and from the log the exposed ends of the thermometers were enclosed in caps. These caps were made of short pieces of unbarked white birch with the center bored out to fit the thermometer. It was later found that these precautions for eliminating conduction were not really necessary since comparable results were obtained by the use of the common type of laboratory thermometer unprotected by caps. The conduction of heat was more rapid through the bark than through the glass of the thermometer. This might not be true of logs with very heavy scaly bark. The intensity of solar radiation was measured by the comparison of a black and a white bulb thermometer, mounted side by side. The difference in temperature registered by these thermometers varied with the intensity of light. The greatest difference observed during the summer was taken arbitrarily as 100 per cent light and the observa- tions in this paper are percentages of this standard. Unless otherwise stated the term air temperature as used here refers to the temperature in the open as registered by a white bulb thermometer. Five species of logs were used in this series of experiments. These were: 1. White pine, Pinus strobus Linn.; 2. Norway pine, Pinus resinosa Aiton: 3. Jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lambert; 4. Black spruce, Picea mariana Britton, Sterns and Poggenberg; Balsam fir, Abies balsamea Miller.. Each species was placed under four different Tue SUBCORTICAL TEMPERATURES OF LoGs . 4% TEMPERATURE UNDER BARK Licwr intensity » - » cs co cs JACK PINE NORWAY PINE aon WHITE PINE SPRUCE HEE secsee ——=>_ + Diagramatic x section oF BARK 1.5 a. 8. THICK aol aan we £ ee Diacramatic x su OF DARK 3.0 O.8. THICK < n {tt ; Diagramatic x sccTion OF BARK 3.0 B.m. THICK c won Diagmamatic x srcTion OF BARK 1.6 om. sas BALSAM DTAGRAMATIC xX SECTION OF BARK 4.0 a8. Dorreno Linc = Aim TEMPERATURE Loe sranoime Ave. 71-1929 THERMOMETER POSITIONS i-$ 6 a-§ oo? W sink 3- WN 60° W sive 4- NW sine s- M 60° 2 sive o- $ so E sink Plate I. 30 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntToMoLocist oF MINNESOTA—1920 light conditions, varying from one-quarter to full sun, thus making possible a comparison between the different species under varying con- ditions. The shades were constructed of lath so spaced as to cut down the direct solar radiation three quarters, one half, and one third, re- spectively. All of these logs were lying north and south with the north end slightly raised. Temperatures were taken three times a day on the upper and lower sides of certain logs under each light condition. In addition, the progression of temperatures around logs of the different species lying in different directions was observed, using six thermometers to a log. The details of this experiment will be discussed later. EXTREMES OF TEMPERATURE OBSERVED UNDER THE BARK OF Locs The primary usefulness of the bark on a tree is apparently to check evaporation from the growing tissues. In addition to this func- tion it has generally been conceded that the bark, being a fairly good non-conductor of heat, also serves the purpose of protecting the tissues beneath from extremes of temperature. This is undoubtedly true in certain cases, for example, with thick scaly bark, but the temperatures observed under moderately thin bark in the course of the present work force us to modify this conception decidedly. In fact, in most cases the heat of the sun was absorbed so rapidly by the bark that the sub- cortical region showed temperatures so high as to be almost unbeliev- able. For example, on July 3, which was a very bright day, the tem- perature beneath the bark on the upper side of a white pine log was 60 degrees C. at 1 p. m., while air temperature was 40 degrees C. This is of course far above the fatal temperature known for any insect. The bark of this log was 5 mm. thick with .a rough dark surface. Several times during the summer the difference between the air and the subcortical temperatures of white pine exceeded 20 degrees C., while a difference of 15 to 20 degrees C. was a common occurrence. So great a difference was not true of all species, as will be shown later. Short exposures to a temperature of 48 degrees C. are fatal to most insects. Experimental evidence indicates that a somewhat lower tem- perature is fatal to certain bark beetles, while Chrysobothris is able to endure temperatures slightly above 50 degrees C. for a short time. Thus the temperature fatal to insects varies considerably with the species. During June there was a considerable amount of cool cloudy weather. 3] THE SuscorticAL TEMPERATURES OF LoGs U Toso 9 0 ae os O° cunereN skesoree Sc eZ 0 g a : pi sokareya 0 tr Ol cb 0 Negedeco nce : Al oe oe gC . oe a S aie) sissies IS OS 61 5 j OT eye pee OS eC 0 0 ; * S ee PaO, 0) 2) Ie 0 9 ; ; Ses veer, 8c OL i 6£ $9 Ol Op CCE eee ae CLL. , 2) 6 0 Oc Lo 4 cr b ££ st - ss See a hed So I Ob om OS cl LL fC a Opie 4 LI Os che is 8 : 6l 18 0¢ a 0 Sige. ck ae. ' 9 09 ce cl b$ 6£ » 0 OF = $ etait 82 2 8c (| ts 8Z 61 Be 0) ch $8 5 aa a A See AA, cv : Sh 19 Q7 . oe ce gs an lp oe oe S a oe dic Coe fee 9S 6£ q 2 i cL 8 b$ ; OL $9 = ut TT > 44 t IRAN Oo! 1 } 2 1 { a + Ht i = t = + e : > t { : x { = ty L ace aon ~ T t = ul t T t = t : t T T TT H rt T { i 1 1 T T T T t af te { ee + igri cds + BEE zl t HH tH Hy = ect Bg See gonsagsens rgoapesaes a Seeee Es age str af t i rH 1 t ; a Ht - - t f - + t t i qs 44 FG pausesescaasl +H} rtd 44 By” gneassy t re poe tt + + + + Es + - + + - + 4 t HH t - a { T { i Hoe t T : t rH a1 page reese rt asi 1 t sO te + meme! naneRs a0 aoe Reon See" pase o + t i : t t + ims t t + LE i T : = +i pape 4 +t H+ EE ~—P, f z -i-{- } Fars 4S + at { 4 ++ + - t t i a 1 zs + aes enens a3 t panesesi r > © AS = =F] haul He t } al if c GO t ern x : = Saag: : bese t 736 iif —t zim es : ° . 1 ; | i = Bs 4H tit 5 = a8 It j 1 TI | qt Plate II. 34 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST oF MINNESOTA—1920 the density of the wood. [or example, heat 1s conducted around a balsam log somewhat more rapidly than around a spruce log. The slower this conduction, the sharper the line separating the areas of high and low temperature. This point is graphically illustrated in Plate II. This division line is often so sharp that there may be a dif- ference of more than a deeree;, C., for. each centimeter of “cireum-— ference along this line. It is perfectly possible for a good-sized Cer- ambycid or Buprestid larva, lying transversely beneath the bark, to have one part of its body in an area where favorable conditions of temperature exist while another part may be exposed to extreme con- ditions. Bark beetles such as Pityokteines sparsus Lec., which con- struct transverse egg galleries, are able to avoid extreme temperatures to some extent by moving from one part of the gallery to another. The larvae are, of course, unable to change their positions quickly in this way, and so must endure existing temperatures or perish. Thus it is that we may find completed egg galleries in an area where larval development is impossible. EFFECT OF SOLAR RADIATION The effect of the intensity of solar radiation upon the subcor- tical temperatures is very marked throughout the entire season. In general, the stronger the sunlight the higher the subcortical tempera- ture, altho this is somewhat modified by other factors. TABLE WI* Solar Altitudes for 48 Degrees North Latitude Sun’s hour angle from mer‘dian 0 re F2 3 4 5 6 7 Dec Cl leeessetl7 1lz. 138139) 7 us58 Oe 38 Jans 2). 225506. 20 47, <16 59° Ji 05 3. 82 Heba ole ol 20> 300000 252 459 19934 Bile 10g 2) 00 Mar. 21 42) dom 40. Gi. 935 40% 28.29) = 190-47? 10° 0 el Oeal2 Noree2t) 530053 5a 466.46 04> 9387202" 728,43: 18 $49 ears Miay 21. 62) 42-°.59— 40 (53, 10° 44 (20 34.047). 9°24) 47 4 253 sean June 21 (659 26-62 44 ¢ 55-53. 46 56° 37° 10 9270060) A7 lope yams uly 20 2622 29 59-57-2953: 25 44.42” 35 500 = 24 - 50) Pils Sees AuceZi 540007) 251° 59. 46° 16 938° 312 289953") 18) 5908 en 5s Sept. 21 42 42 40 56 36 04 28 52 20 09 10 31 0. 62 Octo 2. Bl 17. 29. ARP 25. 3419823 10.659 1 49 222.04 20° 45. 16 57 “1d, 03 3 30 7rom Kimball, Herbert H.. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 47, No. 11, p. 771. 35 Tue SupcorticAL TEMPERATURES OF LoGs TEMPERATURE UNDER BARK INTENSITY Lient 100) JACK PINE NORWAY PINE WHITE PINE SPRUCE BALSAM pet 4 | . 73 4 4 htt tf . S Ne | t : sagem { a = 4 er Tt rH : cht a 3 rH t T be HH : jsepcuseRaea an THE 1 =it ca + +445 = LL ++ = \é + { } SE te t 5 Ht ia 18 +4 4 Sesssesea HHH Poo t a a a | + +4 HE { + Ht Ht ; T us + H 4 HH shout a B 7 Ht agaees ave oO Ct T agaee f j | . 4 H4- eo t Bandon ose : ry 2 Loc tvima NaS DorTeD LIME = AIR TEMPERATURE w ‘ ) — Thermometers ie S uD ry Ave. 13-1920 Plate III. 36 EIGHTEENTH Report StatE ENTOMOLOGIST oF MINNESOTA—1920 The difference in temperature due to change in solar altitude is not very noticeable during June and July, as the total noon varia- tion during this period is only about 3 degrees. During August, how- ever, the difference becomes much more marked, with a reduction of noon altitude of nearly 12 degrees. This change in solar altitudes affects the subcortical temperature in two ways: (1) By an actual re- duction of the possible amount of radiation due to the greater absorption of heat by the atmosphere as the altitude of the sun is lowered; and (2) by changing the angle of incidence of the sun’s rays upon the log. Thus on a warm sunny day in September we can not expect as high a subcortical temperature as would obtain on a similar day in June. or July. The amount of heat absorbed by the surface of the bark depends considerably upon the angle of incidence of the sun’s rays. The more vertical the rays the greater the absorption. When the angle of inci- dence is very great, a large proportion of the rays will be reflected from the surface of the bark and very little heat will be absorbed. This is shown very clearly by a comparison of the late afternoon or early morning temperatures of logs standing on end with those of logs lying east and west. EFFECT OF CHARACTER OF BARK The color of the bark is one of the most important factors deter- mining the height of subcortical temperatures. The lighter colored the bark the cooler the log. This effect is evident when white pine is compared with thin-barked norway or jack pine. The white pine was the darkest colored log of the series of species used and its tem- perature was higher in every case than any of the others. With a white bark, such as that of the paper birch, the opposite extreme is illustrated. While no birch logs were included in this series of experi- ments, it has been noticed incidentally that there is a very marked difference in temperature between the normal white bark and the black areas resulting from peeling the bark. This difference is often so great in the bright sunlight that it can easily be observed without the aid of a thermometer by touching a dark area and a white area with the hand. The importance of color was well shown by an experiment in which normal temperatures for a set of logs were compared with tem- peratures in the same logs when painted first white and then black. In this way only one factor was changed appreciably, and its effect could evel -oc ‘ony $7 M OMIA “221MM GDLNIVE 909 BUNLVUDAMIL WIV = BMIT O21L0Q THE StuscorTICAL TEMPERATURES OF Locs & $8 5. 37 a z Lien? invensity = TEMPERATURE UADER BARK i Fe BS at tet ee Ft 3 Oo we ce me Be B 8 es 8 + i. rH cea a is INld OWE INld AVMUON Nid LIHM ANUds Plate IV. WVS1V8 38 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 be directly observed. The results were exceedingly striking and are illustrated graphically in Plates III, IV, and V. In the white log the temperature scarcely exceeded air temperature while in the black painted log the temperature became extremely high. The surface of the bark also has a decided influence upon sub- cortical temperatures. Assuming that the sun’s rays strike the log nearly vertically, rough bark will absorb more heat than smooth bark, owing to its greater absorbing surface. If the sun’s rays strike the log at an angle, each surface roughness will cast a shadow, thus reduc- ing the absorbing surface. The area in shadow increases with an 1n- crease of the angle of incidence until a point is reached at which the smooth bark absorbs more heat than the rough bark and therefore shows a higher temperature. This change, of course, would vary with different logs even of the same species and is dependent upon the de- gree of surface roughness. In a set of white pine logs lying in full sun, the smooth bark reached higher temperatures duriag the early and latter parts of the season while in midsummer the rough bark was the warmer. These logs were not moved during the course of the ex- periment and this change seems to be explainable only on the basis of the variation in solar altitude with the resulting change in the angle of incidence and the amount of shading on the rough bark. Some barks are better insulators than others. This is due prima- rily to differences in structure. Of the five species used in the work, the norway pine bark was by far the most effective as an insulator. This was due in part to the color, as has already been mentioned, but its effectiveness was also due to its structure. On the basis of struc- ture we may divide barks into at least three groups: (1) Dense, solid bark, containing few air spaces such as the white pine and _bal- sam; (2) thin bark covered with one or two layers of loose scales as spruce or jack pine, and (3) bark composed of layer upon layer of scales, as that of norway pine. The first type is the poorest insulator, owing largely to the lack of air spaces. The second is usually poor or medium as an insulator, owing to its thinness and to the fact that the part of the scale closely appressed to the inner bark serves as almost as good a conductor as the dense thin bark. The third type, however, 1s a very effective insulator. In this type the bark 1s made up of many loosely appressed layers of thin scales with small air spaces between. Thus it is that very thin norway pine bark does not reach as high tem- peratures as white pine bark two or three times as thick. 39 JACK PINE NORWAY PINE WHITE PINE SPRUCE BALSAM Temperature UNDER BARK Plate V. THE SuBcorTICAL TEMPERATURES OF Logs Liat intensity : . can tame oe f s E Tie} oH Ht I ia t rp Peet a { 1 saase ip Ae c7g pitt + : t oy 7 ¥ n +! aeoea t er t a t T i T t 1 Ht is se aE t . aomee cea! is [ +++ ttt Seuscenaaeqaecesaueceeaes HH + E Ht : SECUEESSEates ee ae A } : [ peesersetes rH : ae sussnceaeeaueae t nan a f seas a =uu an ig a : +E ttt ; Seed esseueenags H { 4 = f H eae EHH f eae 1 +] if t tr HH T PEPE EEE tHe THe EE H 2 B E ‘ oat EEE fa Teo HH Hy + 4 +H t t pees sees 4 1 ao04 C r u sugcace aa H a rH T T | : + HHT 1 : tH : f c aa Loc paimten erack. Lying NES w E Str. 17-1920 5 Dorreo Lime = ain TEMPERATURE 40 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomo.Locist or MINNESoTA—1920 EFFECT OF AIR TEMPERATURE AND AIR MOVEMENT As previously stated, the term air temperature as used in this article refers to the temperature in the open, as recorded by a white bulb thermometer. The influence of air temperature is almost entirely over-shadowed and obscured by the influence of light. At the same time it is important and can not be disregarded. On cloudy days and at night the subcortical temperatures followed very closely the tem- perature of the air, so it is not unjustifiable to assume that in prac- tically all cases in the absence of sunlight the temperature within the log would follow air temperature in a general way. There would al- ways, of course, be a lag on the part of log temperature depending upon the insulating properties of the bark. The amount of this lag would also be influenced by the effect of air movement upon the rate of radiation. The graph illustrating the daily course of temperature in a standing log (Plate |) shows how air currents increase radiation and cause rapid fluctuation in the sub- cortical temperature. This fluctuation is also influenced to a considerable extent by the fact that the surface of the standing log is removed from close prox- imity to other absorbing and radiating surfaces which tend to stabilize the temperatures in the log near the ground. EFFECT OF EVAPORATION FROM THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE BARK Frequently on clear mornings following a night when there was a heavy dew the temperature of logs under the lath shades where there was no dew was nearly equal to or occasionally shghtly higher than that of logs lying in the open with the sun striking directly upon them. This condition lasted but a short time and as soon as the moisture had evaporated from the surface of the bark the logs in the sun rapidly increased in temperature. The most logical explanation of this phe- nomenon appears to be based upon the cooling effect of evaporation. The cooling effect of evaporation was also apparent after rains. If two similar days are selected, one following a rain.and the other following a period of dry weather, the temperature of the log is usually lower on the day following the rain than on the day following dry weather. This condition is illustrated by Table III. THE SUBCORTICAL TEMPERATURES OF LoGs 41 ‘ ABER AUG Preceding Air Actual log °C.above weather Date Spec es Light temp. temp. air temp. Jete, - 1DYeyen (CB Yeven. (C,. 2 inches rain July 24. White pine 93 35 55 20 Clear Aug. 2 White pine 85 35 57 22 2 inches rain July 24 Norway pine 93 35 45 10 Clear Aug. 2 Norway pine 85 35 47 12 1.75 inches rain July 14. White pine 52 29 45 16 Clear July 29 White pine 45 29 47 18 1.75 inches rain July 14. Norway pine 52 29 36 i Glear: July 29 Norway pine 45 29 40 11 Mist July 8 White pine 90 38 55 17 @lear July 10 White pine 88 34 54 20 Mist July 8 Norway pine 90 38 52 14 Clear ____ July 10 | Norway pine 88 ot eed opel 16 From Table III it would appear that moisture evaporating from the surface layers of the bark may hold down the temperature within the log to an appreciable degree. CONCLUSION As a result of this work it appears that in many instances the weekly turning of logs, as recommended by Craighead, would be effec- tive in destroying many wood-boring insects. This is particularly true of logs with moderately thin dark colored bark. It is equally evident from the discussion that the method does not apply in all cases, as some logs will remain below the temperature fatal to insects even on very bright warm days. In using this method it must be remembered that it is not only necessary to put the logs in the sun, but it 1s also important to con- sider the position of the log with reference to the sun. The question of how far the log should be turned each time depends largely upon the position of the log. Logs lying east and west will often reach a higher temperature in a small area than logs lying north and south, but the latter will be heated over a much greater surface. SUMMARY 1. In bright sunlight, subcortical temperature on the upper side of moderately thin barked logs often passes above a point fatal to the insect inhabitants of the log. 42 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 2. That this is not necessarily true of all logs is illustrated by certain norway pine logs which did not exceed 46 degrees C. during the entire summer of 1920. 3. The position of the log with reference to the sun’s rays de- termines the portion which will attain a high temperature. [Logs lying east and west will have only a comparatively narrow strip heated, while almost half of a log lying north and south may exceed the tempera- ture fatal for insects. 4. Conduction of heat around the log is slow but varies some- what in rate with different species. 5. One of the primary factors bringing about high temperatures in logs is solar radiation. The effect depends upon light intensity, solar altitude, and the angle of incidence of the sun’s rays. 6. The bark characteristics which affect log temperatures are (a) Color. Dark bark absorbs heat much more rapidly than light colored bark. (b) Surface. Rough bark provides a larger absorbing and radiating surface than smooth bark and gives higher temperatures provided the angle of incidence is not great. (c) Structure. Scaly bark is a better non conductor than bark of a uniform texture and therefore tends to hold down the temperature. (d) Thickness, which tends to increase insulation. _ 7. In the absence of solar radiation the subcortical temperature follows rather closely the temperature of the surrounding air. 8. Air movement tends to increase radiation and therefore tends to reduce the subcortical temperature. 9. Close proximity to other radiating or absorbing surfaces tends to stabilize the subcortical temperature. 10. Evaporation of water from the surface layers of the bark, which often occurs in the early morning or following a rain, tends to reduce the temperature beneath the bark. SlUDIPSJONATEE PhIGHT OF NOCTURNAL EEPIDORMTEMRA By WILLIAM C. CooK The data here presented were accumulated during the summer of 1920 at University Farm, in connection with general ecological studies of the Noctuidae of the cutworm and army worm groups, including the genera Agrotis, Septis, Sidemia, Euxoa, Feltia, Cirphis, Polia, and their near relatives. Many of these species are of considerable eco- nomic importance in the state because of their attacks on farm crops. The discussion will be limited in this paper to two questions, seasonal and meteorological relations of the adult moths. The only previous work on the flight of Minnesota Noctuidae is that of Lugger (1)? which gives a list of species captured, the duration of their flight, and their abundance as “rare, mon.” In 1919, collections were made by sugaring about twice a week at University Farm, but the numbers so obtained were not sufficiently PaaS) common,” or “very com- large to give data of any accuracy, so in 1920 it was decided to use more systematic methods of collection. As the moths are very strongly attracted to sugar, the writer determined to try a form of bait trap similar to that used in Europe against the vine moths (Dewitz, 2). In this instance six-inch flower pots were used. They were varnished on the inside and the hole in the bottom was plugged with a cork. The pots were then suspended by strings from the apple trees o1 the station orchard, at a height of from three to three and a half feet, and filled with a ten per cent solution of molasses in water. This fermented within a few hours and remained attractive for three or four days, when it was renewed by the addition of about half the volume of fresh solution. The moths were attracted in large numbers and drewned in the solution, no provision for retaining them being necessary. Even the larger species of Catocala were thus caught. The moths were col- lected each morning, with the exception of about ten days noted below, and the various species separated and counted. The use of bait traps for the control of Noctuidae is by no means new, having been practised in Russia for controlling Euroa segetum 1 Published with the approval of the Director as Paper No. 258, of the Journal Series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. 2 Numbers in parentheses refer to literature cited. See end of paper. 43 EIGHTEENTH Report StaTE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 + F- + t i 4 a 4 1 + ap rm a +4 aa + is t + t Halt SSA t = +] 2 + + =F +H : + 4 + 1c ; T { On 4 3 + + =m a ea T tt 1 r t a 28 +H + A ei tH +H 4 an He ; He r f 4 = i + be t T Sac Es { rao ot oo a8 +E a TH + 4 iat U = Hatt Bi HHH 3 + =e TF Hye i. Wit = at | ht mIoot 2s angacon: as +ht]T +14 5B Thre jas +t EH Rad TH t 1 t t t ++ + 2 1 4 aadomo yseg 1 THe EF Be HH iat FHI LTS t saga : +t t BE at B ert ria] 4 + tt at rf F - i itt sea8 jeageuhasesee! t ape: 4 | L 230 t r + t : t t r 0 a S t f is z| rf ‘a f Thy i sé a no ag 7 # 2 ie t f et pou euees esas art aoouoas = isogoueus Se + ran 2 THAT =| Ye + Coot tak A r + { tt 1B 1 H | I { | Fit tet tt ae sess Lt fi t TAI At + ty iy a rues + + tS f { ysusaa + = ras os 1 + se Het ‘s jaocamm as jag08 E is + Plate VI. Seasonal Abundance of Nocturnal Moths at St. Anthoay Park, Minnesota, 1920. (Original) THe Fricut or NocrurNAL LEpPIpoPTERA 45 and Feltia exciamationis (Dobrovljansky, 3), where long troughs filled with fermenting molasses were exposed in the fields; and also in India, where large “Andres-Maire” traps proved very successful in controlling Agrotis ypsilon on limited areas. (Woodhouse and Dutt, 4). I. SEASONAL RELATIONS OF MINNEsSoTA MoTHS During the time from June 18 to September 30, 1920, about sixty- five of the traps described above were in operation, and some of the results are shown graphically on Plate VI. The moths captured were grouped in three classes: large Noctuidae, including all species of such subfamilies as the Acronyctinae, Agrotinae, Cuculiinae, Hadeninae, Poliinae and larger Catocalinae ; small Noctuidae, including the smaller species and the Deltoids; and Microlepidoptera, including all micros caught, chiefly Tortricidae. Curve IV gives the total catch of all spe- cies, rated in moths per trap. Curves I to III show the catches of the three groups listed above; and the small curves, which are on a scale two and a half times that of the principal curves, give the num- bers of some of the more abundant species of each group. ‘Table | gives the data for these species and all others which were identified, showing the total catch and seasonal range of each species. Several of the species are recorded as being captured previous to June 18, as about fifteen traps were in continuous operation from the first of April. The meteorological data represented on Plate VI will be dis- cussed in the second part of the paper. 46 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntomMotocist oF MINNESoTA—1920 TABLE Ud: MOTHS DURING 1920 SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF NOCTURNAL Species First moths Last moths Maximum emergence Total catch Agrotis bicarnea A. c-nigrum First brood Second brood A. ypsilon First brood Second brood Lycophotia margaritosa and var. saucia Earliest First brood Second brood Feltia ducens F. gladaria Sidemia devastator Agroperina dubitans Septis lignicolora Polia lorea Cirphis unipuncta First brood Second brood Nephelodes emmodonia Unidentified species Lithacodia carneola Balsa malana First brood Second brood Epizeuxis (3 species) Euclidea cuspidea Drasteria sp. Unidentified species Hysopygia costalis Carpocapsa pomonella Second brood Unidentified species Aug. 24 Aug. 29 June 17 July 8 Aug. 21 Sept. 30 July 15 July 16 Sept. 18 Sept. 30 May; oS). 4 eects eee June 27 July 13 Aug. 16 Sept. 26 July 14 Sept. 22 July 29 Sept. 17 Aug. 13 Aug. 25 Aug. 21 Aug. 23 July 8 July 16 June 10 July 8 June 23 Tuly 21 Aug. 16 Sept. 26 Aug. 20 Sept. 12 Total large Noctuidae Broods not well marked 11 June 26-29 100 Sept. 17-24 289 “* 2 Sept. 25-30 is) inne a0. Sept. 15-20 90 September 125 Loe ogee ee IG} che ee 45 17 June 28-30 72 June 28-Julyl0 669 Aug.20-30 395 Sept. 1-7 236 1,581 1,996 May 21 July 9 June 9-13 226 July 19 Sept. 2 July 20-30 337, June 24 Sept. 24 «July 15-17 299 May 28 July 17 June 10-20 261 July 16 Aug. 24 July 25-Aug. 5 139 Ge ester ch ree on Meee 319 Total small Noctuidae June 28 Aug. 18 July 10-15 = 1,446 July 22 Sept. 24 Aug. 15-20 919 (chiefly Tortricidae) 4,052 Total Microlepidoptera Grand total, all’ species” =... ser 3,784 CHeY Tue FiicHt or Nocturna Lepipoprera 47 * In general, the season was marked by the scarcity of cutworm moths. No specimens of Septis arctica, normally an abundant species, or of any species of Eusoa were captured. The hot, dry weather of late July and early August materially reduced the numbers of the second broods of the various species, especially Cirphis unipuncta, of which the number caught was less than that of the overwintering brood. It is evident that Agrotis c-nigrwm and A. ypsilon are double-brooded in this region. A. c-nigrum was reared during the summer from eggs obtained from a moth caught alive in the traps in June, and the second brood emerged at about the time of the peak of the second brood in the field. The first brood of Carpocapsa pomonella was not re- corded, and must have been present in very small numbers. The abun- dance of Balsa malana is quite unusual. Lugger (1) records the spe- Gies-as rare.” Phe larva lrves on’apple, but so far as is known, it-is not of economic importance here. The bulk of the unidentified Micro- lepidoptera belonged to two or three species of leaf-rollers, but were not separated, as not being of importance in this study. Il. METEOROLOGICAL RELATIONS OF MINNESOTA NOCTUIDAE In this section it is proposed to treat briefly the influences of the various weather factors on the flight of the larger Noctuids (Group I, Table I). It would undoubtedly be better to deal with a single spe- cies, but it is quite evident from Plate VI that all of these species react in a similar manner, and the figures are more reliable, being based on a much larger number of individuals. The data on which this treatment is based are given in full in Table II. Many of the traps were used at various times in experi- ments with different baits, so it was thought best to exclude their catches during such periods from this consideration, and treat only those caught on the single bait. During the period from August 4 to August 13, the writer was unable to attend personally to the traps, and the catches were preserved in alcohol. The species could not be determined with any accuracy, so only the total catch is given on Plate VI, and those dates are omitted from this discussion. The catch for July 20 was lost, and is also omitted. In order to obtain data which would eliminate as far as possible the variations in catch due to the emergence of species, the follow- ing treatment was resorted to. A “sliding average” or “normal” catch was computed by taking the average of the catches for the first five days, placing this opposite the middle day of the period; dropping the 48 ISIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist of MitnNEsota—1920 first day, adding the sixth, placing the average for these days after the fourth day, and so on. This is given in column 5, Table II. The daily catch was then computed as a percentage of the normal catch, a catch of 100 being normal. This method practically eliminates the emergence curves, replacing them by a smoothed normal curve, from which variations are taken. The remaining columns are self-explana- tory. The weather data were obtained as follows: The temperature represents the mean between 9 p. m. and 5 a. m., obtained by integrat- ing the curve of a thermograph exposed in the field. By this method a better measure of the temperature is obtained than by averaging maximum and minimum (Hartzell, 5). The relative humidity repre- sents the 7 p.m. observation taken at the Minneapolis United States Weather Bureau station, and is used in default of any observations taken in the field. This does not represent the actual night conditions in the field, the humidity on any night actually becoming much higher before morning; but it is a good index of conditions on successive nights, when considered in connection with the temperature. A 7 p.m. humidity of 54 per cent at a temperature of 70 degrees F. indicates a dew point of about 51 degrees F., which would probably not be reached during the night. Normally the temperature falls constantly during the night, reaching its lowest value about 6 a. m. in the summer. The records of pressure and precipitation are also from the records of the Minneapolis station, the precipitation being correlated with field notes taken by the writer, and the pressure being integrated from the station record from'-9 p.m. to. 5) a.m. Tue Friicut or NocrurNAL LEpmpopTEeRA 49 FABLE Il. MOTH FLIGHT AND METEOROLOGICAL DATA No. Total Moths Per cent Temp. Rel.hum. Bar.press., Ppt., Date traps moths pertrap Normal ofnormal °F. percent inches inches June 18 24 ZA 0.87 ae aa 63 35 29.15 19 29 34 Bs y/ Sante naive 61 . 40 29.05 20 29 11 0.38 0.65 58.5 BY/ 69 28 83 21 29 11 0.38 0.57 49.5 58 76 28.86 22 29 13 0.45 0.63 Az, 57 52 29.05 23 29 13 0.45 0.59 76.0 61 41 29.13 24 Ze 33 1.50 0.72 207.8 68 52 29.14 25 34 19 0.56 IZ 503 69 68 29.01 0.60* 26 34 22 0.65 1.33 48.8 71 63 29.00 0.78* 27 44 102 2.42 Z39 101.0: 7A 67 28.93 005* 28 44 67 153 2.83 540 66 91 28.86 238" 29 44 299 6.80 2.94 231.0 69 51 28.92 30 +4 122 244 2.67 103.7 66 67 28.78 0.75 July 1 42 50 1.19 2.66 44.8 69 63 28.73 2 42 45 1.07 1.36 85.0 68 72 28.83 3 42 61 1.45 0.90 160.8 67 53 28 98 + 43 17 0.40 0.74 54.0 66 69 28 93 0.25* 5 43 17 0.40 1.02 39 0 59 90 28.82 0.12* 6 43 18 0.40 Le, 349 58 57 28.88 0.10* 7 43 106 2.46 139 185.0 59 65 28.98 8 44 96 2.18 1.38 157.0 59 72 29.06 0.04 9 44 53 1A 1.39 87.0 64 60 29.14 10 44 29 0.66 0.94 69.9 62 47 29.02 11 39 17 0.44 0.57 77.2 71 57 28.84 12 39 2 0.23 0.45 51.6 73 68 28.88 0.11 13 39 12 0.31 0.35 87.6 57 72 28.99 14 39 23 0.59 0.32 185.6 65 51 28.97 15 oo 8 0.20 0.34 39.1 57 41 29.05 16 39 10 0.26 0.34 76.1 61 43 28.95 17 39 13 0.33 0.28 119.6 62 70 28.82 Trace 18 39 13 0.33 0.32 101.9 60 53 28 98 19 39 10 0.26 0.35 74.7 70 54 28.94 20 aa Bie beat Seats sate 68 40 29.02 21 64 28 0.44 0.40 110.0 72 47 29.07 22 64 24 0.38 0.41 93.6 81 a) 28.68 23 64 38 0.59 0.43 138 5 69 49 28 90 24 64 23 0.36 0.43 84.5 65 5 2INZ 25 64 23 0.36 0.40 90.0 63 40 29.19 26 64 28 0.44 0.33 1342 63 40 Zo alc 2 67 47 29.05 2 71 53 28.97 0 72 49 28 96 9 63 5] 29.02 5 58 40 29.10 August 1 64 14 0.22 0.36 60.7 61 44 29.12 2 64 21 0.33 0.28 116.2 65 37 29.04 3 64 36 0.56 ees eek 70 47 28.92 0.04 4 64 6 0.09 ee ae 70 69 28.99 13 64 18 0.28 Race petit 61 39 29.05 14 64 33 0.51 eae Ph 65 34 29.03 50 IXIGHTEENTH Report State ENtomotocist or MirnNnescta—1920 No. Total Moths Per cent Temp. Rel.hum. Bar.press., Ppt., Date traps moths pertrap Normal of normal °F. percent inches inches August 15 64 23 0.36 0.39 90.9 69 40 29.09 16 64 19 0.30 0.61 49.0 68 40 29.11 17 64 34 0.53 0.53 100.0 74 46 29.10 18 64 87 1.36 0.55 245.8 76 51 29.07 19 64 5 0.08 0.67 12.9 69 77 28 93 0.16 20 64 32 0.50 0.74 67.9 58 65 29.04 0.97 21 64 56 0.88 0.63 140.6 54 43 29:23 22 64 55 0.86 0.59 145.8 58 32 29.24 23 64 52 0.81 0.88 91.6 60 39 29.18 24 59 41 0.70 0.96 73.0 63 35 29.14 25 59 69 117 1.04 1129 63 32 29 18 26 59 74 1E25 1.19 1049 65 30 29.12 27 59 74 1.25 1.37 91.4 66 34 28 96 20° 50 Of 4650s 6) 7s) 6 a 8 os September 1 64 22 0.50 0.87 57.8 55 68 29.24 2 63 59 0.94 0.66 143.3 58 44 29 25 3 63 34 0.54 0.60 89.7 54 48 29.16 4 63 33 0.52 0.66 78.3 53 87 29.05 0.04 5 63 32 0.51 0.71 718 54 73 29.04 0.07 6 63 51 0.81 0.68 118.4 59 54 29.06 7 63 74 IELz. 0.94 125.0 61 49 29.05 8 63 76 1.21 0.94 127-5 64 47 28.86 9 63 62 0.98 0.89 1106 65 67 28.84 10 61 33 0.54 0.74 73.0 63 68 28.69 0.36 11 61 32 0.53 0.70 75.5 65 76 28.76 12 61 27 0.44 0.63 70.1 61 29 28 82 13 61 62 1.02 0.60 1700 68 52 28 74 14 6] 37 0.61 0.65 93.6 76 66 28.68 15 69 24 049 0.86 46.5 63 31 29.07 15 61 43 0.79 0.87 91.2 62 40 29 10 17 61 90 148 0.95 S52 70 35 28.96 18 59 62 1.05 1.62 102.5 63 61 29.04 19 59 62 1.05 12 94.1 54 77 29:03 20 59 44 0.75 1.15 65.5 61 66 28.91 2) 4] 51 E25 IS 109.1 71 45 28.79 Ze 41 67 1.63 E32, 124.0 70 54 28 83 23 41 43 1.05 1.39 75.8 62 88 28.58 24 41 78 1.90 1.35 141.0 66 46 28 82 0 02 25 32 35 1.10 1.16 94.8 66 Dil 28 &2 0.31 26 32 34 1.06 1.09 97.3 56 4] 28.98 Zi: 29 29 0.69 0.85 81.6 60 31 28 86 28 29 20 0.69 40 48 29.12 THe FiicHt or NocrurNAL LEpmpopTeRA 51 In working with the figures presented in Table II, the data for _ the seven nights marked with an asterisk (*) were omitted, as showing the effects of precipitation, leaving a total of eighty observations, on which all computations are based. A comparison of Curve I, Plate VI, with the weather curves of the same plate makes it quite evident that weather factors have a consider- able influence on the size of the catch, but the effects are somewhat obscured by the variations in the curve caused by the irregular emer- gence of the various species. In order to show the fluctuations due to weather alone, Plate VII was drawn, on which the first curve repre- Sents the per cent of “normal” catch (Column 6, Table I1). The re- maining weather curves are from the same data given in Table II. A study of this graph brings out the following tendencies. 1. The fluctuations in catches can not be closely correlated with any one of the weather curves, but the catch apparently tends to increase with a rise in temperature, and decreases as either humidity or pressure deviates very far in either direction from the optimum indicated by parallel lines. 2. The relative effects of the various factors are greater, the far- ther the condition departs from the optimum. 3. The largest catches were made when all factors were at or near their respective optima. In order to show these effects more clearly, charts were made by plotting the percentage of normal catch against temperature, humidity, and pressure in turn. These charts are shown on Plate VII, numbered V, VI, and VII. The tendencies mentioned show up quite clearly, especially the effect of the optimum humidity condition. To bring out the relative values of the various factors, recourse was had to statistical methods, and the method of partial correlation, as developed by Yule (6) and as applied to crop yields and weather factors by Blair (7, 8) was adopted. Without attempting to deal with the mathematics of the method, it may be said that the correlation coefficient is a pure number, mathematically obtained, which indicates the tendency of one factor to vary with or in opposite direction to another. If the factors are closely related, a value approaching unity is obtained, and if totally unrelated, a value near to zero. The sign of the coefficient indicates the character of the correlation, a plus (+) sign meaning that an increase in one factor is related to an increase in the other, and a minus ( — ) sign that an increase in one factor is re- lated to a decrease in the other. The notation employed is to designate the coefficient as “r,” with subletters or numbers indicating the factors EIGHTEENTH Report State EntTomMo.ocist oF MInNEsotra—1920 Plate VII. Meteorological Relations of Minnesota Noctuidae. (Original) on ios) Tue Fricut or NocrurNat LEPIDOPTERA + ’” correlated. Thus “r ,’”’ is the correlation of catch with temperature, etc.. The “total” coefficients show the relationships between two fac- tors, in the presence of all others, and it is necessary to treat this mathematically in order to eliminate the effects of the other factors leaving a “partial” correlation coefficient which gives the correlation between the first and second factors, the others being eliminated. The notation for the partial coefficients is similar to that for the total co- efficients, except that the two factors correlated are given first in the subscript, followed by a period, then by the factors eliminated. Thus ,Yct.p is the correlation beteen catch and temperature, pressure being eliminated, and “r.t.ph”’ the correlation between catch and tem- perature, both other factors being eliminated. Coefficients such as the last are obtained in two steps, one factor being eliminated at a time by the application of a formula of the fol- lowing form: ret (rch X rth) tet. h = (1—reh2) 1/2 (1- rth?) 1/2 which gives the coefficients of the “first order.”’ The remaining factor is then eliminated from each coefficient by the similar formula: Tet. h (Tep. h X ftp. h) Tet. hp = (Yule, 16, p..238) (1—rep. h?)1/2 (1~— rtp. n?)1/2 As correlation makes the assumption that the relation between the variables correlated is a straight line, it becomes necessary to divide the data on the basis of humidity in such a way that the humidity curve becomes two approximately straight lines. This is done by di- viding the data at the optimum, making one set of correlations with the data below 54 per cent relative humidity, and another set with those above 50 per cent, including the optimum in both sets. S4 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntomMotocist oF MINNESOTA—1920 TABLE TIT. (CONSTANTS OF THE PREQOUENCY- CURVES Factor Entire Curve Below 54 Pct. Above 54 Pet. Rel. Hum. Rel. Hum. No. of observations 80 49 44 Catch, per cent of normal Mean 222.545 100:13/2=3:30 107.9 +420 LOSS S=5225 St. Devas eer 4 o:ooR==2-50 AVOn 3223211 SEZ P= =S08S Temperature, (°F.) Meany 5.0 s 63.55 = .44] 64.95 + .541 64.32 + .659 St, Devi 2-5 pocor== 314 5,62) +25 £383 6:43) 225 438 Relative humidity (%) Mieain seer Sara Sestele lil 44.35 == .654 63.64 = .976 St Devers.) lAW2ee 7911 6.79 = 464 NOMS S=8e"7311 Barometric pressure (Inches) Meant seeeace 2607 == 2013 29.00 = .013 28.92) =) 7.015 Sti Deviow. 174+ .009 139+ 009 a= 0510) Below, in Table IV, are given the total correlation coefficients for all the combinations of factors, and the partial (second order) coeffi- cients for catch with the other variables. Space does not permit the publication of the original correlation tables. PABLESIV. (CORRELATION OF (MOTE RE lGEiuns Walsh METEOROLOGICAL FACEORS Factors 7 P.M. Relative Humidity 7 P.M. Relative Humidity Correlated Below 54% Above 54% r—Total r—Partial r—Total r—Partial Catch— Temp. ret +.34.085 ret. hp +.28£.089 ret +.19.098 ret. hp +.02+ 102 Catch— : Humidity reh +.37+.083 reh. tp +.314£.087 reh —.46+.08) reh. tp —.35+,089 Catch— Pressure fep —.17+.094 rep. th +.06+.095 frep +.18+.098 rep. th +.09+.101 Temp.— Humidity rth +.25+.090 Tth —.47+.079 Temp.— Pressure ‘tp —.45+.077 Ttp —.40+.085 Humidity— Pressure ro —.32.085 ro =—.20+.098 Multiple Correlation Re. thp +.45+ 07 Re. thp —+.47.08 Tue Fiicut or Nocrurnat Leprip3PTERA 55 In every case the partial coefficients are smaller than the cor- responding total coefficients, owing to the fairly high correlation be- tween the weather factors themselves. The following conclusions may be drawn from a study of the partial coefficients. 1. Temperature and humidity are much more closely correlated with size of catch than pressure, the two partial coefficients for the latter being smaller than their probable error. . 2. Temperature has a positive influence on the catch at all times, but the influence is much larger below than above optimum humidity. 3. Humidity is by far the most important factor studied. Any in- crease in the 7 p.m. humidity up to about 54 per cent tends to increase the catch, while beyond this value it decreases the catch in almost the same proportion. 4. The coefficients of multiple correlation (designated by large R) for the two sets of data have been computed, which give the total amount of correlation between any factor and all others at once. Their derivation and use will be found in Yule (6) and will not be discussed here. These coefficients are included in Table IV. They are of approxi- mately equal value, both less than 0.50, indicating that about half of the factors influencing the catches have been neglected in this study. Among these might be mentioned wind velocity, moonlight, and pre- cipitation during the daylight hours, which undoubtedly have consider- able influence, considered collectively. The writer is not at all satisfied that the method of partial correla- tion is the best possible method of determining the relative values of the factors involved, owing primarily to the assumption of linearity of relationship between the factors, but it at least represents a consider- able advance over the method of estimating these relationships by in- spection of a graph. The correlation coefficients are not in any sense an accurate measure of this relation, but they are at least a relative or qualitative measure, and must be so interpreted. LER ATURE Clore» 1. Lugger, Otto, 1896. List of owlet-moths taken on sugar at St. Anthony Park. rst. ann. rept. State Ent. Minnesota, for 1895. Minneapolis, 1896. pp. 142-147. 2. Dewitz, J., 1911. Bearbeitung der Literatur der Traubenwickler, Nr. 2. Bericht der Kénigliche Lehranstalt fiir Wein=, Obst=, und Gartenbau zu Geisenheim am Rhein fiir das Etatsjahr 1911. Berlin, P. Parry, 1912. pp. 218-277. 3. Dobrovljansky, V. V., 1913. (Pests of fields and orchards according to observations made at the Kiev Entomological Station in the year 1912.) Published by the Entom. Station of Kiev, of the South Russian society 56 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 for the promotion of agriculture and agricultural industries. Kiev, 1913. 14 p. (Original article not seen. Abstract in Rev. appl. ent., Series A. Agriculture, vol. 1, p. 490.) Woodhouse, E. J., and Dutt, H. L., 1913. Further work against surface caterpillars at Mokameh in 1912. Agr. jour. India, vol. 8, pt. 4, October, 1913, pp. 372-389. Hartzell, F. Z., 1919. Comparison of methods of computing daily mean temperatures: effects of discrepancies upon investigations of climatologists and biologists. N. Y. State Agr. Exp. Station (Geneva) Technical bulletin 68, June, 1919. 35 p., illus. Yule, G. Udney, 1919. An introduction to the theory of statistics. Fifth Edition. London, Charles Griffin and Co., 1919. Blair, Thomas Arthur, 1918. Partial correlation applied to Dakota data on weather and wheat yield. Mo. Weather Review, vol. 46, No. 2, February, 1918. pp. 71-73. 1919. A statistical study of weather factors affect- ing the yield of winter wheat in Ohio. Mo. Weather Review, vol. 47, No. 12, December, 1919. pp. 841-847. THE PRINCIPLES OF FILM-FORMING SPRAYS} By WILLIAM Moore When a spray is applied to plants having leaves with a waxy sur- face or heavy cuticle, it usually collects in drops and rolls off the foli- age instead of forming a film over the surface of the leaf. In this paper an attempt is made to explain the forces which cause the spray to collect into drops or to spread out into a thin film, and to point out how the more desirable film-forming sprays may be made. No definite recommendation of any particular substance will be made, further work is necessary before a decision can be reached as to which material will give the best results when cost and other factors are considered. When a drop of liquid falls through the air it assumes a spheri- cal shape, as this form gives the smallest surface for a given volume. The reduction of the surface to a minimum is explained by the un- equal forces of attraction exerted on the molecules at the surface of the liquid. In the interior of the drop any particular molecule is surrounded on all sides by similar molecules and the force of attrac- tion acting on the molecule is the same on all sides. If, however, a molecule at the surface of the drop is considered, it will be seen that on all sides but one it is surrounded by the molecules of the liquid, while on the external side it is in contact with the dissimilar mole- cules of the air. Since the attraction between the molecules of the liquid and those of the air is less than the attraction between the sim- ilar molecules of the liquid, there is a definite force tending to pull the molecule at the surface into the interior of the liquid. This force will reduce the number of molecules in the surface to the smallest possible number, thus producing a minimum surface. The liquid will exhibit at its surface a certain tension which is known as _ surface tension. If the surface of the liquid is to be increased, more molecules must be brought into the surface layer, and since the strongest pull on the molecule is toward the interior, sufficient force must be applied to overcome this attraction of the like molecules. The force neces- sary to bring sufficient molecules from the interior of the liquid to 1 Published with the approval of the Director as Paper No. 255, of the Journal Series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. fl on 58 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomo.Locist or MinNEsota—1920 the surface layer so that the surface area is increased one square centimeter, is the unit of measurement of surface tension. This force is expressed in dynes per square centimeter. If the drop under consideration is an oil and it comes to rest on the surface of another liquid, such as water, a slightly different condition will exist. In this case, the oil may spread out over the surface of the water, forming a thin film, or it may remain in the form of a flattened sphere, without any spreading occurring. If such a flattened drop is studied, it will be found that the surface of the upper portion of the oil is in contact with air and will exhibit the surface tension previously mentioned. The lower surface of the drop is now in contact with the water, and a molecule in its surface is pulled toward the oil by the attraction of the oil molecules and also toward the water by the molecules of the water. Here again a certain tension known as the surface tension exists at the oil-water interface and will be referred to as the interfacial tension. The part of the surface of the water not covered by the oil, is in contact with the air and will exhibit a certain tension, the surface tension of the water. In such a case the two liquids will arrange themselves in such a manner that the total free surface energy, that is, the sums of the surface tension of the oil, the surface tension of the water, and the interfacial tension of the oil and water will be reduced to a minimum. This statement may be made clearer by an example. The unit of measurement of surface tension is dynes per square centimeter, hence if the surfaces considered in the illustration are limited to one square centimeter or a multiple thereof, the free surface energy in each case will equal the surface tension or a multiple of it. Imagine a vessel of water in which the surface exposed to the air is exactly two square centimeters. Place upon its surface just enough benzene to exactly cover one square centimeter of the water’s surface. The surfaces of the whole system will then be one sauare centimeter of water in contact with the air, one square centimeter in contact with the benzene layer, and one square centimeter of benzene in contact with air. The total free surface energy would then be represented by the sum of these surface tensions and interfacial tension. First condition—Total Surface Energy = Sur. Ten. Water + Sur. Ten. Benzene + Inter. Ten. Benzene-Water. If, however, the benzene is spread out so that it covers the total surface of the water, only two surfaces will be exposed, namely, two square centimeters of benzene exposed to air and two square centi- THe Principles oF Firm-FormMING SPRAYS 59 meters of water in contact with the benzene. The total free surface energy is then represented by twice the surface tension of the ben- zene and twice the interfacial tension, since in each case two square centimeters of surface are exposed. Second condition—Total Surface Energy = 2 Sur. Ten. Benzene + 2 Inter. Ten. Benzene-Water. The question as to whether the benzene will completely cover the water or only one square centimeter of its surface will depend upon which of these equations gives the smallest sum, or in other words which arrangement shows the least free surface energy. In this par- ticular case the values of the surface tensions are known and may be given as an illustration. Substituting in these equations the values of surface tensions of pure benzene and pure water, the following is obtained. First condition—Total Surface Energy = 72.05 + 28.17 + 34.68 ==. 134.9 dynes. Second condition—Total Surface Energy = 2( 28.17) + 2( 34.68) =—=' 120.7 dynes. It is thus seen that in this particular case the second equation, that is, where benzene is spread over the total surface of water, gives the smallest value for the free surface energy; and in actual experi- ment pure benzene will immediately spread over pure water. If, however, the water has been in contact with benzene for a short time the values are changed, since the surface tension of the water is reduced by the benzene dissolved in it while the surface tension of the benzene is reduced by the water dissolved in the ben- zene and the interfacial tension is increased. Substituting these new values in the equations the following are obtained: First condition—Total Surface Energy = 60.19 + 27.90 + 44.63 —— SZ 77/, Second condition—Total Surface Energy = 2(27.90) + 2(44.68) = t516 The first condition represents the smallest sum and the benzene will collect in the form of a drop on the surface of the water rather than as a film over its whole surface. In an actual experiment, when pure benzene is spread over the surface of pure water, it will be observed that after a period of time sufficient for the water to dissolve some of the benzene and the benzene to dissolve some of the water, the 60 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntomoLocist or MInNEsota—1920 benzene film pulls together, forming a flattened drop on the surface of the water. These equations may be simplified and generalized by allowing A to stand for the surface tension of the liquid upon which the sec- ond liquid, B, is placed. The interfacial tension can then be consid- ered as AB. The general formulae may be expressed as A+B-+ AB and 2B + 2AB Subtracting the 2nd formula from the first, the expression A—R —AB or A + (B + AB) is obtained. It is easy to see that if this result is positive, spreading will occur, while if negative the liquid, B, will collect in the form of a flattened drop. In short if A > B + AB spreading will occur while if A < B + AB spreading will not occur. Turning to the actual conditions of spraying it is found that A represents the leaf surface while B is the spray, hence if the surface tension of the leaf is greater than the sum of the surface tension of the spray and the interfacial tension at the spray-leaf surface, spread- ing will occur; while if less, the spray will collect in the form of a drop and roll off the leaf. Altho it can not be proved that solids have a surface tension, all evidence tends to show that they do have a high surface tension which can not be measured owing to the im- mobility of its molecules. Since the surface tension of the leaf will remain constant, spreading must be obtained by influencing the sur- face tension of the spray or the interfacial spray-leaf tension. Lower- ing both or either of these surface tensions until their sum is lower than the surface tension of the leaf will produce a spray which will spread over the leaf surface. The first question arising is how can surface tension be lowered? Some substances dissolved in water will tend to concentrate in the interior of the liquid, so that a unit volume of the interior of the liquid will possess more of substances than a unit volume of the sur- face layer. Most inorganic substances, such as sodium chloride, cop- per sulphate, etc., show this character. These substances, having a strong tendency to move away from the surface layer, will require even a larger force to bring them into a surface. The surface tension of water is therefore increased by the addition of such substances. The surface tension of water at 20 degrees C. is 72.8 dynes, while a salt solution of a density 1.193 at the same temperature has a surface tension of 85.8 dynes. THe PRINCIPLES OF FitM-ForMING SPRAYS ol + Just as there are substances which tend to concentrate in the interior there are other substances which tend to concentrate in the surface layer. These materials are considered as being positively adsorbed in the surface as distinguished from the above negatively adsorbed substances. Having molecules with a tendency to move to the surface, less force will be necessary to bring them to the surface and the surface tension is reduced. Soap, proteins, and various or- ganic substances exhibit this character of positive adsorption. A saturated solution of soap (sodium oleate) at 20 degrees C. has a sur- face tension of 25 dynes as compared with water with 72.8 dynes. It is not always practical to produce spreading of a spray over the surface of a leaf by lowering the surface tension alone. The in- terfacial tension must also be lowered. To solve this problem sub- stances must be selected which will be positively adsorbed at the leaf- spray interface. It has been shown that when one liquid, such as oleic acid, 1s placed on the surface of another liquid, such as water, the active portion (COOH group) of the oleic acid molecule will be attracted by the water molecules while the portion rich in carbon groups will be turned away from the water. When three materials are used, such as oleic acid dissolved in a mineral oil and the oil placed on the surface of the water, the oleic acid will be adsorbed at the oil-water interface, the portion of the molecule similar to the oil being found in the oil while the active COOH group is attracted to the water. This arrangement results in the lowering of the interfacial tension, and the mineral oil will spread over the surface of the water. Applying this to a spray on a waxy surface such as that of cabbage, it would appear that a substance should be dissolved in the water which will have active groups such as COOH, CO, CN, OH, CONH: to render it soluble in the water, and carbon groups similar to the molecule of the wax. Such a substance would be attracted to or positively adsorbed at the leaf-spray interface thus lowering the interfacial tension. Such organic substances not only lower the interfacial tension but also the surface tension of the spray to a certain extent, hence they maintain the spray in the form of thin film on the leaf surface. Such was found to be the case. Saturated aqueous solutions of amyl alco- hol, benzyl alcohol, beechwood, creosote (cresol and guaiacol) carva- crol, and eugenol gave spreading over cabbage leaves. Leaves with a heavy cuticle, such as citrus or pear, consist largely of celluloses and not wax. It is therefore not surprising that these aqueous solutions or organic compounds do not cause spreading on 62 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntomMoLocist or MrnNEsotaA—1920 these leaves. Applying the same principles, it was found that sub- stances somewhat similar to the cellulose, such as casein, gelatin, flour, starch, saponin, and even leaf extracts or infusions gave good spread- ing. Sprays of this type did not spread on waxy leaves unless driven with such force that the spray was brought into contact with the cellulose epidermis beneath the bloom. CONTRIBUTION ~©> THE “KNOW EEDGE OF “RHE GROUP APEIDINA SPAMILY APHIDIDAE (HOMOPTERA) By O. W. OESTLUND In a previous contribution’ the tribes of the group Aphidina were left rather bare with the intention of treating these im- portant tribes in a later contribution in connection with the genera and species found in Minnesota. The following contribu- tion will be a partial fulfillment of these intentions but without consideration of the genera and species. A number of side ques- tions have repeatedy come up in connection with the more strictly taxonomic work to which it appears timely to give some special attention. They may not all be closely connected with the subject in hand, but are digressive discourses on phylogenetic subjects suggested by the main topic. To some they may appear critical; they have not been written with this intention, but rather to be suggestive and helpful towards placing the taxonomy of the family on strict phylogenetic foundations. The time is rapidly passing when individual opinions will have much weight or value unless they rest on broad phylogenetic principles. Group APHIDINA (MorpwiLko) OrstLunp, 1919 Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat. Ed. X. Sub Aphis (genus) Burmeister, 1835. Handb. Entom. Vol. 2. Sub Aphidina (family) Koch, 1854. Die Pflanzenl. Hft. 1. Sub Aphiden (tribe) Passerini, 1863. Aphid Ital, Sub Aphidinae (subfamily) suckton, 1876. Monogr, Vol. 1. Sub Aphidinae (tribe) Thomas, 1878. Bull. 2. Ill. State Lab. Sub. Aphidini et Siphonophorini (tribes) Oestlund, 1887. Bull. 4, Geol. Surv. Sub Aphidini et Nectarophorini (tribes) Mordwilko, 1908. Acad. Imper. Vol. 18. Sub Aphidina (group) Wilson, 1910. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. Vol. 38. Sub Aphidini et Macrosiphini (tribes) Van der Goot, 1913. Tijdschr. Entom. Vol. 56. Sub Siphonophorina (tribe) Oestlund, 1919, 17th Rept. State Entom. Minn, Sub Aphidina (group) Baker, 1920. Bull. 826, U. S. Dept. Agr. Sub Aphidini (tribe) The bibliography above, tho incomplete, will suffice to show the progress and trend of thought in establishing the higher cate- gories for the family. Considerable confusion and differences of opinion still exist in regard to the proper use of the categories. 1 “Contribution to Knowledge of the Tribes and Higher Groups of the Family Aphididae (Homoptera)” Seventeenth Report State Hntomologist of Minnesota, 1918, pp. 46-72. 63 64 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE Entomo.ocist or MInNEsota—1920 Koch was the first to recognize tribes and arranged the thirty genera then known into twelve tribes, but unfortunately left no descriptions of them and they remain as nomena nuda. In a previous contribution we attempted to interpret them as far as possible and give Koch the credit we can, by the recognition of his thoughts in our bibliographies, at least. Passerini (1863) first recognized subfamilies and submerged the tribal thoughts of Koch. Buckton (1876) made use of the subfamily terms of Pass- erini in a tribal sense. Thomas (1878) used the tribal endings and recognized the two tribes Aphidini and Siphonophorini. Mordwilko (1908) first recognized groups of tribes and gave the term Aphidina to the group under consideration. Mordwilko was not always clear in the use and distinction between tribe and group and sometimes uses the group term in the sense of tribe. Van der Goot (1913) recognized twelve tribes but makes use of Mordwilko’s group endings and gives the group under considera- tion as Siphonophorina. Oestlund (1919) gave the group divi- sions higher than tribe in the sense of Mordwilko, of which Aphidina is one. Baker (1920) goes back to the tribal division, not recognizing the group, and reduces the number of tribes in the family to fifteen. That we have a score or more tribes in the family appears now to be well understood and recognized. Arrangement of the tribes into groups follows naturally from the attempt to trace their inter-relationship. Such groups are not necessarily super- tribes tho eventually they may work out as such. In the present stage of knowledge they had better be considered as_ supple- mentary categories whose full status is not yet clear. Mordwilko seems to have used them in this sense. They appear rather to represent epochs or periods in the evolution of the family, as may be seen from the following arrangement of the tribes of the subfamily Aphidinae: TINVSS CAP ENID INVA Sen tieee ae iGo ouKabbaWWean an ae von oD plot Myzini-Macrosiphin1i * * * * * * IIT. CaLtipTERINA ..... eer Ai each R St Calaphidini “a * Callipterini af * Drepanosiphini Il. CHaAtropHoRINA ... | Pterocommini < * Chaitophorini s * WVacunini Te RICA GEINTNIA to. cee. ach initio eee ee Pterochlerini Group ApHiIpINA, FAMILY APHIDIDAE 65 _ The Lachnina are represented by two or more generalized tribes of the family. Following this is the group Chaitophorina, easily traced from the Lachnini by way of the Pterocommini., The Chaitophorini being a parallel line from the same source; the Vacunini may be looked upon as a very specialized line, but of much interest as giving us a clew to the origin of the sub- family Pemphiginae. The Callipterina are a’ third group of tribes traced not from the Lachnini, but from the Pterochlorini stock, through the generalized tribe Calaphidini. The Callipterini and Drepanosophini stand in similar relation to the Calaphidini that the Chaitophorini and Vacunini do to the Pterocommini. What may be called the modern or recent group of tribes, represented by the term Aphidina, are the tribes rich in genera and species in which the family has reached the maximum of evolution of the present. The Lachnina represented the maximum of the family during the early days of its existence, and is now a de- clining or vanishing group few in genera and species in com- parison with the rest of the family. During a somewhat later period, the two groups Chaitophorina and Callipterina flourished side by side, but were of very different origin and lines of de- velopment. And lastly comes what was just called the modern or recent group of tribes, the Aphidina, the peak of the family as represented at present. The groups are not, therefore, arbitrary terms expressing personal opinions, but are the outcome of ex- tended biological and morphological studies carried on by Mord- wilko and the author in the nineties, unknown to one another but leading to almost identical results. When Mordwilko, therefore, published his results, they were at once recognized by the writer, and have only been carried a step further. The group Aphidina includes the three tribes Aphidini, Myzini, and Macrosiphini. A key to the tribes was given in a previous contribution. TrisE APHIDINI (Tuomas) OgstLunp, 1919 Koch, 1854. Die Pflanzenl. Hft. 1. Sub Aphiden (tribe) Passerini, 1863, Aphid. Ital. Sub Aphidinae (subfamily) Buckton, 1876. Monogr. Vol. 1. Sub Aphidinae (tribe) Thomas, 1878. Bul. 2 Ill. State Lab. Sub Aphidini (tribe) Oestlund, 1887. Bul. 4, Geol. Surv. Sub Aphidini (tribe) Wilson, 1910. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. Vol. 3. Sub Aphidini (tribe) Van der Goot, 1913. Tijdschr. Entom. Vol. 56. Sub Siphonophorina (trike) Oestlund, 1919. 17th Rept. State Entom. Minn. Sub Aphidini (tribe) Baker, 1920. Bul. 826 U. S. Dept. Agr. Sub Aphidina (subtribe) It will be seen from the above synopsis of the bibliography of the tribe Aphidini that the conception of the tribe has varied 66 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 greatly from the time of its first recognition by Koch to the present. Koch’s conception of the tribe included the Chaitophor- ina and the Macrosiphini. Passerini (1863) submerged the tribal conception and erected the subfamily Aphidinae of much wider extent that that of Koch’s tribe. Buckton (1876) uses the sub- family term of Passerini in a tribal sense. Thomas (1878) first used the tribal term Aphidini but included the Chaitophorina and Callipterina. Oestlund (1887) excluded the Chaitophorina and Callipterina, in which sense Wilson (1910) also makes use of the term. - Van der Goot (1913) gives the tmbe. under the term Siphonophorina, including also the Myzini and Macrosiphini. Baker (1920) reduces the tribe to a subtribe under the term Aphidina. A tribe is a group of genera that can be traced from a common origin and which have certain characters in common. Tribes are not arbitrary divisions, but are the expression of phylogenetic relationship of a higher order and wider extent than those of genera. They will appear from extended biological and anatomical studies. Tribes are not safely established on too limited or arbitrarily chosen characters, but their test comes with the application of a number of additional characters which will build up into a harmonious whole. Tribes are also expressions of distinct lines of development separating them from other lines or tribes. Such lines may also run through two or more tribes expressing a still higher relationship. We have two such greater lines within the subfamily Aphidinae, which stand out sharply when attention once is directed to them. The two lines may be termed the Pterocommini-Aphidini line and the Calaphidini-Myzini line, and closely associated with the second the Calaphidini-Macrosiphini line. The two lines may also be distinguished as the small and large race: the first with shorter body, more rounded or abruptly pointed posteri- orly; shorter antennae and legs. The second is of larger size but of more slender body-form and gradually pointed posteriorly ; the anten- nae and legs are usually very long in comparison. This is a curious fact, but runs more or less distinctly through the whole family. Anal- ogous conditions are not rare in other groups of animals. Some of the more conspicuous morphological characters besides those just mentioned are the conspicuous presence of lateral tubercles in the first line, while the same are usually inconspicuous or absent in the second line. Attention has often been called to these structures by investigators of the family, from the time of Kaltenbach to the pres- ent. Van der Goot has lately used them as generic characters in his at- Group ApHIDINA, FAMILY APHIDIDAE 67 tempt to break up the large genus Aphis. The lateral tubercles as rudi- mentary organs have very great phylogenetic value, but are of little use as generic characters. In early work on the family the author also attempted to use them as a basis for generic characters in the old genus Aphis, but soon came to see that they led only to artificial groups that would not harmonize with other characters present. Lat- eral tubercles when found in full number are present on the prothorax and the first seven segments of the abdomen. Koch recognized a series of species within the genus Aphis as Pleurodonten, which evidently were forms with full or a large number of tubercles present. The number is more commonly reduced; we have a very large series of the genus Aphis with only three, the prothoracic, one anterior abdom- inal, and one posterior abdominal. The abdominal will in turn dis- appear leaving only the prothoracic, the last and most persistent of all the tubercles. Lateral tubercles in a more or less rudimentary con- dition are now known for practically all the tribes of the family, and they may be looked upon as originally characteristic of the family, but appear now as rudimentary organs that are gradually becoming lost. Their persistence and conspicuous presence in the tribes Pterocom- mini and Aphidini are therefore significant as indicating the close rela- tionship between these two tribes. The characters are too broad to be applied to genera, where they at most would indicate the degree of reduction that has taken place, which varies greatly for different tribes and groups. A single or even a series of arbitrarily chosen characters will lead to more or less artificial results. The same may give the phylogenetic evolution of the organ or organs in question but not necessarily that of the organism. The value of a given character must be ascertained for each group separately. While a given character may have very great value for a certain group, the same character may have little or no value for a closely related group. The series of characters that we may make use of are therefore not the same for all, but will differ in their arrangement and values for the different groups, be this a species, genus, tribe, etc. The primary aim of classification is not the arrangement of forms in convenient groups by which the name can readily be ascertained, important as this is from a practical point of view; 1f this were so we might as well at once accept the numerical or a Dewey system and have each category fixed once for all, as has more than once been suggested and attempted in the history of taxonomy. The aim is to express the true phylogenetic relationship of the various categories to 68 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENToMoLocist oF MinNEsota—1920 one another; how the family Aphididae grew or developed into the large, complex, and interesting form that it now presents to us. We aim to trace the various lines of progress, sometimes retrogression, found within the family, lines that are constantly diverging but con- verge as we approach their origin. The fundamental characters are therefore not structural but physiological and ontogenetic, or, in short, biological, as phylogeny is essentially an extended ontogeny. Such characters are not easily grasped and understood, and in most cases can only be expressed as these same characters have expressed themselves in the modified structural. Morphology becomes in this respect the language of phylogeny. Moreover we should be careful that we ex- press the spirit of this language and not allow it to become.a dead and artificial language. The Pterocommini-Aphidini line has also expressed itself in an- other character easily seen and very important in placing the tribe Aphidini. The sensilla, or sense hairs, on the antennae, the head, and sometimes also other parts of the body, are here simple or hair-like, not differing much from ordinary hairs except that they have a direct nervous connection. This type is characteristic of the Pterocommini as well as other tribes of generalized Aphidinae. In the Aphidini they are usually short, sharply pointed, spine-like structures very charac- teristic of the group. In the Calaphidini-Myzini line the sensilla are enlarged apically, globate, capitate, and glandular, which is also true of the Calaphidini-Macrosiphini line, tho with a distinct form of the enlarged apex. The globate sensilla seem to have a wider distribution and are often found in the larval forms even more conspicuous than in the adult. Such characters may be looked upon by some as too minute and difficult for practical purposes, but the phylogenist does not consider the difficulty of a character, provided it aids him to grasp the true state of affairs. We may consider ourselves fortunate in having to deal with a group so rich in external characters which have not be- come exhausted, rather than with one in which we have to turn to internal, dissected characters, as is already required in more than one of the more difficult groups of insects. The antennae and sensoria also show some interesting differences in the two lines under consideration. In the first line they are usually shorter than the body tho showing a progressive increase in length from the Pterocommini and throughout the Aphidini; the spur of the terminal segment is always well developed in comparison with the short condition in the Lachnini. In the second line the antennae usually surpass the body in length and the spur also reaches exceptional Group APHIDINA, FAmiIty APHIDIDAE 69 lengths. With the increase of the antennae we also find a correspond- ing increase of the antennal or frontal tubercles. Van der Goot has shown that they have little value in distinguishing genera and are pres- ent in the Aphidini as well as in the Macrosiphini; they are also found in the Calaphidini. The Aphidini may be divided into two subtribes, the Aphidii and Hyalopterii. KEY TO THE SUBTRIBES OF THE APHIDINI 1. Cornicles usually much longer than broad, cylindrical, sometimes wider at base and tapering, or distinctly swollen. spine-like Group APHIDINA, FAMILY APHIDIDAE 71 sensilla of the Aphidini, in which tribe the type seems to have arisen. Sense organs are generally recognized to be of exceptional phylo- genetic values and are much used in taxonomy. To be sure we know next to nothing about their functions, in insects at least. They are very conveniently ignored, but if we persist in ignoring them our ig- norance will only continue as to their functions. If we can do no more than call attention to these structural differences as they can easily be seen, this may be a first step leading to the examination of their histology and later by experimental methods should lead to some clew as to their various functions and phylogenetic values. We do not ask for excuse for bringing in a troublesome question that may lead to re-examination of much of the work of the past. The genus was first erected on characters drawn from the frontal tubercles and the first antennal segment. The frontal tubercles have bulges or swellings on the inner side causing them to approach and restrict the concavity between them. The swellings are more notice- able in the larval forms than in the adult and carry the usual number of sensilla. The reticulations on these swellings are very sharp and conspicuous and may be the cause and significant function of these structures. Indications of similar swellings are to be found in both the Aphidini and the Macrosiphini, but never so conspicuous as to draw special attention. Those on the first antennal segment are sim- ilar in structure and are probably but an extension of the first. What the functions of these structures are we do not know, but their con- spicuous presence coupled with other distinguishing characters en- ables us readily to distinguish the tribe from those closely related. The cornicles are usually very long and slender, reticulation broken as in the Aphidini; often with swellings on apical half, sometimes con- fined to one side. Considerable variation in form of the cornicles is seen, and an extended study may lead to a better understanding of the internal relations of the species and genera than we at present possess. The tribe is a small one in comparison with the preceding and at present no indications of a subdivision have been noticed. TrisnE MACROSIPHINI (SAnzBorN) OESTLUND, 1919 Koch, 1855. Die Pflanzenl. Hft. 5. Sub Siphonophora (genus) Passerini, 1860. Gli Afidi. Sub Macrosiphum (genus) Thomas, 1879. Sth Rept. State Entom. Sub Siphonophorini (tribe) Sanborn, 1904. Kas, Aphid. Sub Macrosiphini (tribe) Wilson, 1910. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. Vol. 3. Sub Macrosiphini (tribe) Van der Goot, 1918. Tijdschr. Ent. Vol. 56. Sub Siphonophorina (tribe) Oestlund, 1919. 17th Rept. State Entom. Minn. Sub Macrosiphini (tribe) Baker, 1920. Bul. 826, U. S. Dept. Agr. Sub Macrosiphina (subtribe) 72 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENtToMoLocist oF MiInNESotTA—1920 The present tribe found its first conception in the genus Siphono- phora of Koch (1855). Thomas (1879) recognized the tribe Siphono- phorini of very heterogenous composition including the Mvyzini. Sanborn (1904) and Wilson (1910) give the term Macrosiphini with inclusion of the Myzini. Oestlund (1919) restricts the Macrosiphini by the exclusion of the Myzini. Baker (1920) considers it as a sub- tribe under the term Macrosiphina including also the Myzini. The present tribe has for some time been recognized as distinct from the Aphidini, but more or less obscured by the inclusion of the Myzini. When the Myzini are excluded the tribe stands out as one sharply defined and supported by a long series of distinguishing char- acters. A character of first importance is the sensilla in accordance with the two previous tribes. The Macrosiphini, to be sure, have apically enlarged sensilla with the Callipterina and Myzini, but here they are never globate. Rather, they are spoon-like or spear-like, widening at the apex, which is more or less pointed like a spear, indi- cating a modified type or line of origin; in some cases the widening of the tip may not be apparent, and they are finger-like with a rounded apex. We trace them from the Calaphidini, the same as the Myzini, but from a different stock from which they derived their distinctive type of sensilla as well as other characters not found in the Myzini and Aphidini. The size and type-form of the body is distinctive and found again in the Calaphidini, some of which in the field would easily be mistaken for a Macrosiphum if we did not notice the cornicles. The legs and antennae are long and slender, the spur of the terminal segment reaching its greatest length here. The secondary sensoria of the spuria are very persistent and are usually found on the third seg- ment, while in other tribes their presence is very exceptional. ‘The cornicles are usually very long and cylindrical, sometimes wider at the base, and sometimes distinctly swollen; the reticular lines of the apical part are retained very sharp and distinct, the lines forming polygonal areas or cells of various size and number. In swollen cornicles these areas may be very much restricted, forming a ring just below the rim. In some with comparative short cornicles, the reticulation may be broken, as in the Aphidini. The cauda is also a very distinct form, often referred to as the principal characteristic of the genus Macro- siphum, being rather thick at the base, then somewhat suddenly nar- rowed and turned upward. The narrow portion may be looked upon as an extension of the original thick and blunt cauda of the Calaphi- dini. The venation is very constant and uniform except in a second division or subtribe where the venation is variable, inconstant, and Group APHIDINA, FAMILY APHIDIDAE 73 excentric. Two divisions or subtribes may be distinguished, the Macro- -siphi and Pentalonii. KEY TO THE SUBTRIBES OF THE MACROSIPHINI 1. Venation normal; cornicles cylindrical or swollen, and usually with closed reticulations on the apical part; spuria usually with sensoria on the third an- tennal segment. . . . . MACROSIPHII 2. Venation reduced, abnormal or excentric: cornicles also show a tendency to lose their distinctive Macrosiphini characters. . . . . PENTALONII What was said about the swollen cornicles under the Aphidini also holds true here. The Macrosiphii and Pentalonii undoubtedly represent two distinct lines and are good subtribes, while Amphoro- phora and related genera would seem to indicate a third line, which it does not prove to be; at most it is a section under the Macrosiphii. The tribes Aphidini and Macrosiphini give us two of the largest genera of the family. From the old genus Aphis we have carved genus upon genus for nearly a century and attempts are still made to carve additional genera out of it. It appears that we have about come to the limit, as some of the later attempts are plainly artificial. Consid- ering the relative length of the cornicles and cauda will, to be sure. give us genera, arbitrary and artificial genera but not genera as found in nature. The genus Aphis even as it stands today is too large and unwieldly, and reduction would be desirable. A number of small, abor- tive, genera will no doubt continue to be separated off, similar to Toxoptera, Mastopoda, and Hysteroneura, but attempts to break up the genus as a whole can not be made without destroying the generic conception or resorting to artificial divisions. Large genera are not uncommon and are to be found in most of the large families otf plants as well 1s of animals, and the Aphididae can now be considered as a large family. The two comparatively modern genera, Aphis and Macrosiphum, are the ones in which the rate of evolution has reached its maximum, and they have become rich in species above comparison and contain the principal progressive parts of the family. A great deal of attention has been given of late to the question of types. Some of the more recent contributions would seem to imply that this 1s the main purpose and aim of taxonomy, and with the set- ting of a type we have the genus once for all fixed and it can not again be changed. There are three kinds of types recognized by phylogenists, which may be termed the chronological type, the phy- logenetic type, and the biological type. The chronological type is the one in vogue at present. It is usually the oldest species included in the genus, or any species that happens to be considered as type by the author of the genus. Two or more different tvpes may be set for a 74 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 genus. Such types are important in settling questions of priority, or the status of the genus as used differently by various authors. [mpor- tant as such types are, at least in the present stage of taxonomy, the chronological type is really the least important of the three, and will in due time largely be replaced by the second and used only in its strict historical sense. The phylogenetic type is the real type of the genus. Such types can not be set arbitrarily, and can be recognized only by an extended study of all the species of a genus. It is the species that carries all the generic characters in fullest development. As types like this can not be set without taking into consideration ai! the species of the genus, the monographer of the future, it 1s hoped, will set such types for the genera which will be the real phylogenetic types, replacing, at least in many cases, the chronological type which is often far from typical, being more often an extreme form that happened to be first described or set as type. The older entomologists often spoke about typical species, vaguely to be sure as was necessary with the incom- plete knowledge of the family in their time. At present we rarely find this idea expressed, and the only type worth considering seems to be the chronological type leading more and more to an artificial tax- onomy, and not to the true phylogenetic as we find it in nature. The biological type is better known and recognized, but we too often speak and write as if it was already in our possession, which is far from the case. Each species is potentially a biological type, or eventually will become one. Too many of our species are only partial or frag- mentary types based on a single form, usually the migrant, and ex- pressed by a few apparent differences. The biological type in the family Aphididae is a very complex thing not easily ascertained or grasped. It includes in most cases at least five or six distinct forms, the fundatrix, spuria, migrant, and male and female, of which the one is no more important than the other, but all must be considered and fused into a whole, the biological species or type. Much good work has been done of late in this direction, but much more remains to be done before we can safely begin to settle the final status of the ' various categories. The taxonomy of the Aphididae is a fascinating subject and has attracted an unusually large number of devotees for a century or more, some of a very high order of mind. It is a field not safe for the novice to enter with impunity, as many of the best, who spent a good part of their lifework in the field, still considered themselves as nov- ices, and felt their way with caution, trying to grasp the outline and some faint idea of the grandeur of the phylogenetic conception of the Group ApHipINnA, FAmity APHIDIDAE 7 LSat whole as it gradually began to dawn upon them. It is yet incom- -plete, many important parts are stili lacking, and much obscured by temporary outside additions and rubbish. These in due time will be cleared away and the building will stand out in all its splendor—the taxonomy of the Aphididae. After all, this will be but a faint imita- tion or interpretation of the phylogeny of the Aphididae, a part of the still greater, the organic evolution as erected during the periods of the past. Derarocor’s (HeEtTEROPTERA, M1RIDAE) mesoscutum sculellum \vaging genital segments i exlerior i ! ostiolar peri Treme Thoracic spiracle 4 segment disk pronotum mesosculum SS ee = [punch » | punclures genilal clasper --embolium cloval suture Ras ence. commissure of hemelytra rN ea ke ‘ tibia i ul J —marg inal vein » arolia as large iad greole Deraeocoris fas ciolus [ llustraling Structural Terms H.H. Knight del Plate VIII. -MONOGRAPH OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF DE vrFtOCORIS (HET EROPTERA: MIRIDAE)4 By Harry H. KNIGHT The genus Deraeocoris now includes all those species which have been described under Camptobrochis. Largely through the labors of Reuter and Poppius the genus is now known to have a world-wide dis- tribution, ninety-three species and forty-three varieties being listed from parts other than the Nearctic region. In the present paper the writer has been able to recognize fifty-four species and twenty-two vari- eties from North America, of which D. ruber (Linn.) is common to both Nearctic and Palearctic regions, making a total of one hundred and forty-six species and sixty-two varieties from the world. Thirty- seven species and twenty varieties are herewith described as new. Very little has been published regarding the life history and econ- omy of these insects and in fact the species have been very imperfectly known. The writer has given special attention to the genus Deraeocoris during six seasons of collecting, and as a result, has been able to asso- ciate with definite host plants all but two of the known eastern species as well as certain of those found in the southwestern states. In several instances this relation appears to be more dependent on the predaceous habits of the bugs which feed largely on the aphids found on particular hosts, rather than the sap from the plant. In fact the writer has not detected a single case where the bugs have fed on the foliage of a plant and produced the characteristic leaf-bug injury which is always to be seen on plants infested by true leaf- feeders. The general scarcity of these insects as compared with leaf- feeding species is only another indication of their predatory habits, for predaceous forms never attain great abundance except sporadically in favored spots. In the case of several species of Deraeocoris, if nymphs or adults are caged with succulent growth of the host plant, the bugs manage to live on sap alone but appear to prefer plant-lice or other small soft-bodied insects when such are available. Dr. W. H. Wellhouse has reared a specimen of D. fasciolus to the adult stage, the bug feed- ing only on the foliage of Crataegus, altho he found in rearing other specimens that aphids were fed upon when obtainable. The writer has found that Deraeocoris aphidiphagus feeds on Schizoneura amer- icana Riley, while D. nitenatus feeds upon Schizoneura lanigera (of 1Published, with the approval of the Director, as Paper No. 256 of the Journal Series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. i 78 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomorocist or MtnNesota—1920 Patch) on the elm; D. fasciolus feeds on Aphis sorbi Kaltenbach of the apple, upon Schizoneura crataegi Oestlund on Crataegus, and upon Phyllaphis fagi (Linn.) of the beech. These species are per- haps the best known, but others present equally interesting biological — aspects. Several of the species live on conifers where they appear to be associated with aphids and other small soft-bodied insects which infest such trees. D. pinicola feeds at least in part on the pine-bark aphid, Chermes pinicorticis Fitch, while D. nubilus occurs on the same tree and most probably has similar habits. D. laricicola appar- ently breeds only on larch, Larix laricina, and when caged on suc- culent growth was found to feed on sap of the plant, altho it may well be predaceous in part, when opportunity permits, as is true of several species in the genus. The nymphs of Deraeocoris present at least two characteristic forms. One group comprises several species in which the nymphs are typically covered with a white, powdery, flocculent material, and are thus in the early instars, not readily distinguished from the aphids among which they live. Nymphs of a second group, represented by D. albigulus, nigritulus, pilosus, and related species, are distinctly hairy and not covered with the white powdery substance as the above mentioned forms. The first group is composed of species which are known to be largely predaceous while the second group may prove to be forms which are primarily phytophagous. The life histories of the species present some interesting varia- tions. The nebulosus group, or subgenus Camptobrochis, comprising most of the species with punctate scutellum, contains forms that are known to pass the winter in hibernation as adults. The species of this group which have most frequently been taken in hibernation are D. nebulosus, nubilus, and cuneatus. Such a cycle is not the mode of life for D. grandis, aphidiphagus, betulae, pinicola, and several other closely related species, for the writer has closely observed the disappearance of these insects at the end of their season and no pinned specimens have been noted which would indicate the contrary. Just how and where the eggs are laid are facts still awaiting investigation but the writer has repeatedly found the young nymphs of D. aphidiphagus in the curled elm leaves very soon after the leaf is rolled by the aphid Schizoneura americana Riley. The eggs are doubtless inserted in the buds or twigs of the tree and upon hatching the young nymphs probably travel about seeking until they find leaves which are infested by the aphids. For the loan of material the writer is indebted to the authorities Deraeocor:s (HeETEROPTERA, MiIrRIDAE) 79 of the United States National Museum, especially to Mr. E. H. Gib- son and his assistant, Miss Emma Wells, who assembled all the Der- aeocoris material from the collections contained there, including the Uhler types; to Dr. J. Chester Bradley for placing at the writer’s dis- posal. all the material in the Cornell University collection and the Heidemann collection now contained there; to Mr. E. P. Van Duzee for considerable material from the western states; to Mr. H. G. Bar- ber, Oro. MM Parshley, Mi. Wm.’ 1. Davis; Mr. J. R. de la Torre= Bueno. Miewehris. 2. Olsen: Mr oW. 1. MeAtee: Dey W.cE. Britton: Proie Cnt, Gillette. Prof,.G. \a°Drake, Mr. W- Js: Gerhard, Mirss Ay T. Slosson, Dr. C. P. Alexander for material from the Illinois Natural History Survey, and Dr. J. McDunnough for Canadian material. To these and to several other friends who have from time to time sent a few specimens, the writer wishes to express acknowledgment and appreciation. GENUS DERAEOCORIS KirscHBaumMm Kirschbaum, 1855, Jahr. ver. Nat. Herz. Nassau, x, pp. 191, 208; (Sep.) Rhyn. v. Wiesb., Caps., pp. 31, 48. Capsus (Deraeocoris) Stal, 1865, Hemip. Afr., iii, p. 20. Stal, 1868, Hemip. Fabr., i, p. 87. Reuter, 1875, Bihang Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. in, p. 21. Reuter, 1875, Rev. Crit. Caps., [i] p. 84; [ii] p. 71—Acta Soc. Fauna FI. Fenn., Le Dees: Atkinson,, 1890, Cat. Capsidae, p. 98. Reuter, 1896, Hem. Gymn. Eur., v, pp. 18, 348. Hiieber, 1902, Jahr. ver. Nat. Wiirtt., 1902, p. 86; (Sep.) Synop. deut. Blindw., ep, 378; Distant, 1904, Fauna Brit. Ind., Rhyn., ii, p. 465. Kirkaldy, 1906, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxii, p. 141. Oshanin, 1909, Verz. Palae. Hemip., i, p. 748. Oshanin, 1912, Kat. Palae. Hemip., p. 67. Poppius, 1912, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 118. Van Duzee, 1916, Univ. Cal. Publ., Div. Ent. Tech. Bul., i, p. 209. Van Duzee, 1917, Cat. Hemip., p. 356. +Capsus Fieber, 1858, Wien. Ent. Monats., ii, p. 307. Fieber, 1861, Eur. Hemip., p. 264. Douglas and Scott, 1865, Brit. Hemip., p. 441. Thomson, 1871, Opusc. Ent., iv, p. 429. Capsus (Capsus) Jensen-Haarup, 1912, Danmarks Fauna, xi, p. 232. Camptobrochis Fieber, 1858, Wien. Ent. Monats., ii, p. 304. Fieber, 1861, Eur. Hemip., p. 248. Douglas and Scott, 1865, Brit. Hemip., p. 447. Reuter, 1875, Bihang Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad, Handl., iti, p. 20. bo 80 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntomMoLocist oF MinNesota—1920 Reuter, 1875, Rev. Crit. Caps., [i] p. 83; [ii] p. 68—Acta Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn., i, p. 84. Provancher, 1887, Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, p. 115. Atkinson, 1890, Cat. Capsidae, p. 95. Saunders, 1892, Het. Brit. Isds., p. 258. Reuter, 1896, Hem. Gymn. Eur., v, pp. 37, 348. Hiieber, 1901, Jahr. ver. Nat. Wiirtt., 1901, p. 181; (Sep.) Synop. deut. Blindw., I, p. 369. Distant, 1904, Fauna Brit. Ind., Rhyn., ii, p. 460. Kirkaldy, 1906, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxxii, p. 140. Reuter, 1909, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, p. 52. Oshanin, 1909 Verz. Palae. Hemip., i, p. 745. Oshanin, 1912, Kat. Palae. Hemip., p. 67. Van Duzee, 1916, Univ. Cal. Publ., Div. Ent.. Tech. Bul., i, p. 209. Camptobrochys Fieber, 1860, Eur. Hemip., p. 64. Walker, 1873, Cat. Het., vi, p. 42. Van Duzee, 1917, Cat. Hemip., p. 353. Capsus (Camptobrochus) Thomson, 1871, Opusc. Ent., iv, p. 427. Callicapsus Reuter, 1876, Ofv. Kongl. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxvi, p. 75. (Haplotype histrio Reut.) Atkinson, 1890, Cat. Capsidae, p. 97. Kirkaldy, 1906, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxii, p. 140. Euarmosus Reuter, 1876, Ofv. Kongl. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxvi, p. 76. (Haplotype sayi Reut.) Atkinson, 1890, Cat. Capsidae, p. 103. Kirkaldy, 1906, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxii, p. 141. Macrocapsus Reuter, 1879, Ofv. Finska Vet.-Soc. Forh., xxi, p. 55. (Hap- lotype brachialis Stal.) Reuter, 1880, Zool. Jahresbericht, i, p. 509. Chilocrates Horvath, 1889, Természetrajzi Fiizetek, xii, p. 39. (Haplo- type lenzi Horv.) Atkinson, 1890, Cat. Capsidae, p. 182. Plexaris Kirkaldy, 1902, Entomologist, xxxv, p. 282. (Haplotype saturnides Kirk.) ; Shana Kirkaldy, 1902, Entomologist, xxxv, p. 315. (Haplotype ravana Kirk. ) Mycterocoris Uhler, 1904, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxvii, p. 358. (Haplotype cerachates Uhl.) Camptobrochis (Euarmosus) Reuter, 1909, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvl, INOZ) ps 02. Camptobrochys (Euarmosus) Van Duzee, 1917, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. Camptobrachys (Callicapsus) Van Duzee, 1917, Cat. Hemip., p. 354. Camptobrochys (Mycterocoris) Van Duzee, 1917, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. The genus Deraeocoris was founded by Kirschbaum in 1855 as a subgenus of Capsus (Authors) to include two new species and Deracocorts (HeEtTEROPTERA, MirIpAE) 81 thirty-nine previously described forms. Reuter (1875) removed nearly all the species which had been included by Kirschbaum, mak- ing the genus practically coextensive with Capsus of Fieber (1861), the latter author having failed to recognize Deraeocoris in his im- portant work on the European Hemiptera. Distant (1904) named olivaceus (Fabr.) as genotype, while Kirkaldy (1906) to be more exact, named medins Kirschbaum (= olivaceus Fabr.) as type of Deraeocoris. A pseudotype, ruber (Linn.), was named by Oshanin GiO12)\. Reuter (1909) in a revision of the Nearctic species under the genus Camptobrochis, in substance expressed the opinion that he was very doubtful 1f Camptobrochis Fieber and Deraeocoris Kirschbaum are to be separated. It remained for Poppius (1912) in his great work on the African Miridae to definitely place Camptobrochis as a synonym of Deraeocoris. This conclusion was reached after that author had made a careful study of collections from every quarter of the globe, material which represented no doubt the greatest amount ever assembled. Mr. Van Duzee (1916) has indicated that Campto- brochis and Deraeocoris may be separated by characters found in the antennae and lateral margins of the pronotum. The writer would state that in the present work the number of North American species has grown until every variation from the cylindrical to clavate type of antenna is represented, likewise the carinate and ecarinate form of pronotum, there being a gradation of both characters so that among a few forms it is quite impossible to decide on that basis, into which group the species should be classed. The final outcome has been that a new set of characters has been brought forward in an effort to separate the genus into groups as indicated below. After a considerable period of research for available characters in Deraeocoris, the writer has been able to separate the species into groups, one of which represents Camptobrochis as a subgenus, if we may have such, but in a much more restricted sense than has been the usage in the past. The species closely related to the genotype of Campto- brochis are chiefly distinguished by the punctate scutellum, spined character of the hind tibiae, a rather distinctive type of left genital clasper, and perhaps by the fact that the species hibernate as adults. In the North American fauna the group now includes nebulosus Uhler and ten other closely related species. Perhaps some workers would consider Camptobrochis as a genus on the premises submitted, but judging by a comparative study of tibial characters as found in the ? 82 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomo.ocist or MinNesota—1920 other genera of the subfamily Deraeocorinae, Camptobrochis would appear to be only a part of the large genus Deraeocoris. In an effort to settle the question regarding the proper name to use for our Nearctic species the writer has made an extended study of the possibilities for generic characters. In this work the one most constant character which appears to be distinctive throughout the large genus Deraeocoris is the arrangement of the spines on the front tibiae. In following the tibial characters it became necessary to refer elsewhere two species which have been recognized as aberrant in the genus, and with their removal a more satisfactory diagnosis may be drawn for Deraeocoris. Tee Tirrrmn Come In making a survey for available characters in the Miridae the writer discovered an interesting structure in the form of a comb at the distal end of the front tibiae. To this the writer applies the name tibial comb for it is very similar to the comb-like structures well known on the legs of certain Hymenoptera. For the Miridae there appears to be no mention in the literature of such a structure on the tibia, the small size and inconspicuous nature of the comb doubtless accounting for this. The tibial comb lies at the distal end of the fore tibia and in the same plane as the anterior face, there being no differences between the sexes. The comb is composed of a single row of very fine, closely placed, translucent spine-like teeth, set on the very apical. margin of the tibia, usually bounded dorsally by one or more thick dark colored spines and ventrally in the same manner, the exact number and arrangement being different for each genus within a related group (Pl. IX). The front tibia is always more or less flattened on the anterior face near apex and usually very distinctly sulcate, these modifications being well adapted for cleaning both ros- trum and antennae. On a few occasions the writer has observed living bugs cleaning the rostrum and antennae by applying the front feet, one on each side of the member and combing from base toward apex ; in such cleaning operations the tibial comb undoubtedly has an im- portant function. The tibial comb is fully developed in all the fourth and fifth stage nymphs which have been examined. A cursory exam- ination of species in other families indicates that the tibial comb is present in all the Heteroptera having well developed antennae. In certain species of Reduviidae the comb is situated somewhat before the apex of the tibia. Derarocorts (HeETEROPTERA, MriripaAr) 83 dorsa/ 5 urfac e gnierior face Plate IX. Illustrating the tibial comb and spines on the front tibiae of representative species of subfamily Deraeocorinae. A, Deraeocoris olivaceus Fabr.; B, D. ruber Linn. ; C, D. sayi Reut.; D, D. pinicola; E, D. grandis Uhl.; F, D. (Camptobrochis) nebulosus Uhl. ; G, Deraeocapsus ingens Van D.:; H, Deraeocapsus fraternus Van D.; I, Cimatlan grossum Uhl.; J, Eurychilopterella luridula Reut.; K, Diplozona collaris Van D. 84 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntomoLocist or MinNEsota—1920 There appears to be little doubt that the spines, their form and arrangement on the tibiae, present characters which are correlated directly with a particular type of body structure, the combined ele- ments of which are characteristic of small groups of species, or gen- era. Certainly the tibial spines are not specific in character but must pertain to a higher category. At present any statement regarding the general usefulness of tibial spines for distinguishing genera is of a preliminary nature, but in so far as the writer has carried his investi- gations it would appear that these characters will prove highly useful. In the Bryocorinae and Cylapinae the spineless character of the tibiae has been emphasized by Reuter, but to the writer it appears that the spines, their arrangement, or absence thereof, may be given more ex- tended use, perhaps supplying additional and much needed criteria for distinguishing genera as well as certain larger groups within the family. SUBFAMILY DERAEOCORINAE The writer would state the essential characters of the subfamily Deraeocorinae to be as follows: Arolia very slender, bristle-like, erect, either parallel or only slightly curved, usually inclined slightly forward away from the tar- sus, sometimes apparently absent or difficult to distinguish from the hairs on the tarsus, in the latter case the claws distinctly cleft; claws usually cleft but if not then the bristle-like arolia are distinct ; pseudo- arolia absent. . In a key to the subfamilies the writer (1918) raised the group Deraeocoraria Van D. (not Douglas and Scott) to the rank of a sub- family. This seems to be necessary if we are to have a logical and workable classification of the subfamilies based on characters found in the arolia. For a comparison of the structure and form of the arolia for the different subfamilies of Miridae the reader is referred to a plate of drawings by the writer (1918). Mr. Van Duzee (1916) sought to credit his division Deraeocoraria to Douglas and Scott (1865) but it seems to the writer that such a procedure is scarcely permissible in view of the fact that all the species which were included in the Deraeocoridae of Douglas and Scott are now known to belong in genera outside the group in question. Of the genera known to the writer the following are placed in the subfamily Deraeocorinae: Deraeocoris Kirschb., Kiopicoris Van D., Diplozona Van D., Eurychilopterella Reut., Cimatlan Dist.; and Deragocorts (HETEROPTERA, MirIDAE) 85 Deraeocapsus n. g. Other genera will doubtless be found to belong here when a careful study of the arolia is made throughout the family. A diagnosis of the more essential characters of the genus Der- aeocoris is as follows: Body oval to suboval or more or less elongate, dorsum either glabrous or distinetly hairy, usually strongly shining, moderately or distinctly convex, distinctly punctate, head always and the scutellum in many species impunctate. Head usually broader than long, only rarely somewhat longer, very little de- pressed; basal carina usually distinct, in some species poorly defined or even absent, the vertex frequently indented just before the carina; collum frequently broadly exposed but exhibits transitions to forms where it is scarcely visible; front convex, smooth; tylus usually strongly protruding and well distinguished from the front; facial angle (when viewed from the side, the angle formed by the contour line of the tylus and the lower margin of the buccula) either a right angle or somewhat less; juga, lorae, and bucculae clearly defined, genae rather small, gula horizontal or only slightly depressed; eyes rather large and prominent, ovate when viewed from the side, nearly vertical or slop- ing slightly forward, the posterior margins usually nearly parallel with the base of the head but in a few forms slightly removed. Rostrum reaching upon the middle coxae, only very rarely attaining hind margins of the posterior coxae, but exceptionally long in grandis where it reaches the second ventral segment ; first segment usually attaining the base of head, very rarely longer. Antennae in- serted slightly above the lower margin of the eye, pubescent to distinctly hairy ; segment I of variable length, in some forms extending beyond tip of tylus by two- thirds its length; segment II of variable thickness, usually distinctly thickened to- ward apex, in the males frequently nearly cylindrical and about the thickness of or thicker than segment I, while in the females distinctly slender on the basal half and gradually enlarged toward apex. Pronotum trapezoidal, collar formed by a narrow ring-like apical constriction extending over the sides and beneath; disk moderately convex, broader at the base than long, gently sloping at the sides and immarginate, or distinctly margined and provided with a slender carina, the numerous species exhibiting gradual transitions from the marginate to the immarginate, margins usually nearly straight, but may be either slightly sulcate or arcuate; calli apparent as smooth shining ovals, flat or convex, fre- auently confluent and distinctly convex, in a few species very finely punctured ; disk rather coarsely punctate except between the calli (rarely two punctures between) and on the subelevated area just before. Scutellum either punctate or impunctate, strongly convex or nearly flat. /Zemelytra surpassing the tip of the abdomen, frequently more elongate in the males; cuneus rather strongly deflected, the fracture deep; membrane biareolate, smaller areole frequently much reduced, the brachium usually broadly curved to form the larger areole; membrane variously infuscated, frequently affording specific characters. Nyphus flat or slightly convex, margins bordering the coxal cavities carinate. Legs mod- erately long, the hind femora elongate, moderately incrassate, pubescent or dis- tinctly hairy; tibiae beset with prominent hairs, the hind pair frequently with a row of spines on the anterior face, the middle pair sometimes with two rows of spines, front pair with distinct spines only at the apex; tibial comb termi- nated dorsally by two parallel spines of equal size, and ventrally by two spines 84 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist oF MiInNesota—1920 the second of which is slightly removed at base and divergent apically (Pl. IX). Hind tarsus with first segment shorter to slightly longer than the second, sometimes slightly thicker than the second but never twice as thick. Claws distinctly cleft near base, or more slender and without a distinct notch; arolia very slender, _ bristle-like, erect and parallel or 4 only slightly curved at tips, in the smaller species sometimes dif- ficult to distinguish from the hairs on tar- o//vaceus fabr sus. Structure of the male genital clas- iy ff Fig. 1. Deraeocoris olivaccus Fabr., male genital claspers. shed : Wes a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arm of left clasper; pers giving — specific ce, right clasper, lateral aspect. differences. MeETHOpDsS OF STUDY In this work exact measurements are given for structures of the insect which are commonly compared, one part with another, or meas- urements which in the writer’s opinion are likely to be of value to future workers in the group. By following this plan it is feasible for a future student to make any comparison of structures he may so de- sire. Much has been said about the relative value of the various methods of comparing one structure with another where width and length are the factors involved, but it seems to the writer that the surest plan for meeting all the comparisons that the future student may require is to give all measurements in millimeters. This method need not preclude calling attention to the fact that the second antennal segment may be twice the length of the third, but when in addition, exact measurements are given for all the segments, the future student will also be in a position to compare the third or fourth segment with the first member, or with other parts as the need arises. An explanation of the more important terms 1s as follows: Length of the insect is the measurement taken between the tip of the tylus and the apex of the membrane; width is taken at the widest point on the hemelytra. Head: Width is measured from the dorsal aspect and taken across the eyes at the widest point; vertex is the space between the inner mar- gins of the eyes at the top of the head; length is measured laterally, taken at right angles to the base of the head, a point determined by the base of the gula and the hind margin of the eye. Derarocor’s (HeTEROPTERA, MrripAr) 87 Antenna: Length of the first segment is taken from the point of ‘greatest constriction just above the basal knob, to the apex; the length of all the segments is taken when each is horizontal and ex- tended straight to its full length. Pronotum: Length is the greatest measurement that can be ob- tained along the median line, between the front margin of the collar and the hind margin of the disk, taken when the disk is turned as nearly horizontal as possible; width at base is taken across the basal angles of the disk; width at anterior angles is taken at the point where the front margins of the disk turn sharply inward to the constriction; width of collar is measured when viewed from the dorsal aspect. The male genital claspers are shown in the present paper to be excellent characters for separating the species of Deraeocoris. For purposes cf study and in order to make drawings of the genital clasp- ers, the specimens should be placed in a moist chamber for a few hours. When sufficiently soft the tip of the abdomen may be picked off with the aid of two needles sharpened like chisels, working be- neatn the binocular microscope. The claspers may then be carefully separated from the attaching muscles and mounted for study. To make drawings the claspers should be removed to a dish coated with a mix- ture of paraffin and beeswax. This material makes an excellent sur- face for the manipulation of the claspers and for holding them in any desired position. The depth of the dish should be about one inch in order to guard against the claspers springing out when accidentally stressed by the point of the manipulating needle. Later the claspers may be removed on the point of a needle and attached with glue to a triangle mounted on the pin beneath the insect. At any future time the claspers may be studied as mounted on the pin, but if a change in position is required the claspers may easily be removed by placing the point in a watch glass containing water, and when the glue ts dis- solved remove to the paraffin dish as before. The genital claspers figured in the present paper are all drawn to the same scale and-turned to the same relative position for purposes of comparison. The figures were made by working with an eyepiece micrometer in the binocular microscope, a method by measurement which has proved more satisfactory than using the camera lucida. The use of an eyepiece micrometer in the binocular microscope is a most valuable asset to the systematic worker, for by means of it a comparison between various parts of the insect may be made with the greatest speed and accuracy. For purposes of description the writer has found it a great saving of time to have worked out on a 88 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 card the equivalent in millimeters of all the micrometer readings from 1 to 100. Thus by a glance at the table one may read off in millimeters any micrometer measurement. Such a table is easily worked out by taking micrometer measurements on a standard millimeter rule which reads at least in tenths of a millimeter. Repeated measurements should be taken to ascertain the exact number of millimeters represented in say forty or fifty of the micrometer divisions, then by dividing one can find the length of a single micrometer division in thousandths of a millimeter. By a series of multiplications the table may be prepared and thus save future computations of this nature. Lai, LL C = al ; e we D F G / / Fig. 2. Claws and arolia of representative species of Deraeocoris and Deraeocapsus. A, Deraeocoris atriventris; B, D. pinicola; C, D. nigritulus; D, D. sayt; E, D. nebulosus; F, D. ruber; G, D. olivaceus; H, Deraeocapsus ingens. KEY TO THE GROUPS OF NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF DERAEOCORIS 1. Claws deeply cleft near base (fig. 2, D-G.) 1 Claws not cleft or with only a slight indication (fig. 2, A-C) 7 2. Scutellum punctate 2 Scutellum impunctate 5 Deracocor:s (HETEROPTERA, Mrripar) feta) 3. Hind tibiae without distinct spines, clothed only with prominent black hainse - ; (Exotic group containing genotype olivaceus Fabr.) Hind tibiae with a row of distinct spines on the anterior face. ae! 4. Pronotum distinctly margined; eyes with hind margins practically in line with base of head, nearly in contact with collar; segment I of the antennae surpassing tip of tylus by less than half its length Group I. (subgenus Camptobrochis Fieb.) p. 89 Pronotum immarginate; eyes sloping forward away from collar: seg- ment I of antennae extending beyond tip of tylus by more than one- half its length . ; : F F ; : Group VII. p. 189 5. Dorsum practically glabrous, at most only sparsely and finely pubescent (not rubbed specimens), rarely a few hairs at anterior angles of pronotum; hind tibiae with a row of spines or heavily chitinized hairs on the anterior face f : : s ‘ : ; Dorsum heavily pubescent or hairy, at least with long hairs at anterior angles of pronotum; hind tibiae without distinct spines on the anterior face, usually rather closely set with prominent long hairs 6 Group VI. (subgenus Euarmosus Reut. p. 173 6. Form elongate (width not equal to one-half the length) Group III. p. 118 Form broad oval, strongly convex (width greater than or equal to at least one-half the length of the insect) : : Group IV. p. 145 7. Scutellum punctate . : : . . . . Group II. p. 111 Scutellum impunctate Group V. p. 150 In an effort to construct keys which do not refer to the genitalia, and that may be used to determine both sexes, color characters have necessarily been introduced. A series of specimens have been available for study for most of the species which are likely to be confused and thus it is hoped that the limits of variation have been correctly esti- mated, The keys will at least serve for a close approximation of the species and for the person interested in accurate determinations th> genitalia may be referred to for final confirmation. In the keys it was not always found convenient to have the species work out in order of their relationship but in the body of the text the species are arranged according to their natural sequence, in so far as this was possible to determine after, due consideration of all available characters. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF GROUP I (subgenus Camptobrochis ) dine species of this group are all of small size, the dorsum is glabrous and shining, scutellum punctate, collum broadly exposed, ver- tex carinate, and several if not all the species pass the winter in hiber- nation as adults. The form of the left genital clasper is rather dis- tinctive in that the internal arm tapers gradually to a point, therefore without a barb or hook at tip such as is found in all other groups 01 90) Deraeocoris. EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 There is a general similarity between the claspers. of all the species and the differences are minute as compared with those found in the other groups of the genus. small, slight but constant differences exist. 15 Fal Dorsum bright red, clavus, a pair of large spots on corium and on pronotum black . : : ; histrio Reuter p. 100 Dorsum not red and black as ihe Abo Cuneus red or stained with reddish; membrane hyaline or with only a fuscous spot at apex, or a point each side of middle ; Cuneus infuscated or with blackish, rarely reddish, but if so then the membrane distinctly blackish; membrane usually heavily marked with fuscous but if not then the cuneus without a trace of reddish Segment II of the antennae not equal to length of pronotum; two fus- cous spots on apical half of membrane, darkest specimens developing a brownish cloud distad of the spots. : ornatus n. sp. p. 99 Segment II of antennae equal at least to length of pronotum, or ioe membrane hyaline or with an oval-shaped fuscous spot at apex . Membrane infuscated at apex; cuneus red, calli and scutellum fuscous to black . ; eee. cuneatus n. n. (=|\cunealis Reut.) p. 96 Membrane hyaline; cuneus, calli and scutellum reddish : : tinctus N. sp 95 Membrane eats clear ibe faving two small fuscous points, one at ane side on the apical half. ; : nebulosus Uhler p. 91 Membrane either hyaline or with Ractous but not marked as the above Membrane with apical half hyaline or nearly so, not distinctly marked with fuscous; dorsum uniformly black . . bakeri n. sp. p. 102 Membrane with the apical half infuscated, if not distinctly so then the dorsum more or less pallid gray : : : : Dorsum uniformly black, sometimes narrowly pale at base of em- bolium and corium; disk of pronotum never broadly pale or sordid pray ‘at thexsides ; : : ; : brevis Uhler p. 103 Dorsum not uniformly black, more or less sordid or pallid gray and marked with fuscous or black : : : : Frons black, palest forms with a pale spot on median line at vertex but never extending upon frons; juga always black; median line of disk pale or at least palely indicated; distinctly ovate, hemelytra of male short, similar to the female . ; nigrifrons n. sp. »p. 108 Frons with median line pale, or at least palely indicated, rarely black but in such case the disk of pronotum black and only the lateral mar- gins pale; juga may be black but in such case the median line of disk is also black; females ovate, hemelytra of males usually distinctly elongate 5 : : : ; : : Juga black, or eentine BeOwieh in pale forms; disk of pronotum with black color always confluent over the median line : : : : : : : brevis piceatus n. var. p. 105 Juga pale, or at least brownish; pronotum grayish testaceous or with blackish, in the latter case the median line of the disk pale The right clasper is relatively yet careful comparison between the species has shown that 1S) Sal 10: DeraAgocor:s (HeETEROPTERA, MiIRIDAE) 9] 10. Disk of pronotum fuscous to blackish behind the calli, the median line pale. : : : : 3 : 3 ‘ : ; ; se ll Disk of pronotum grayish testaceous or brownish, never distinctly blackish behind the calli. : : is : : : alZ 11. Femora biannulate with pale on the apical half ; : 3 : ; : : nubilus n. sp. 106 Femora pial at most eae obscurely marked with reddish ae on the apical half . : : ; nubilus obscuripes n. var. p. 107 12. Membrane having only a transverse fumate cloud on the apical half which scarcely attains the margin; disk of pronotum brownish testa- ceous, the median line indicated by paler; posterior and intermediate femora pale on the basal half, but having two longitudinal series of fuscous spots on the anterior face. : validus Reuter p. 108 Membrane heavily infuscated on the apical half; disk of pronotum gray- ish testaceous, the median line not indicated; femora uniformly lurid or brownish, distinctly pale only at the very apex ; ; : luridipes n. sp. p. 110 Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) nebulosus Uhler 1872 Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhler, U. S. Geol. Serv. Terr., Montana, Prelim. rept., p. 417. 1876 Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhler, Bul. U. S. Geol. Serv., i, p. 319. 1878 Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhler, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xix, p. 408. 1887 Camptobrochis nebulosus Provancher, Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, p. 116. 1894 Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhler, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2, iv, p. 265. 1894 Camptobrochis nebulosus Van Duzee, Bul. Buf. Soc. Nat. Sci., v, p. 178. 1895 Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhler, in Gillette and Baker, Hemip. Colo., p. 38. 1909 Camptobrochis nebulosus Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn. xxxvi, No. 2. p. 59. 1916 Camptobrochis nebulosus Van Duzee, Check List Hemip., p. 41. 1917 Camptobrochys nebulosus Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 354. Small, ovate, shining; olivaceo-testaceous and darkened with blackish, or fuscous to blackish and marked with pale; membrane clear, a pair of small fuscous points on the apical half, one each side of the middle. 3d. Length 3.5 mm. Head: width .97 mm., vertex .34 mm., length .4 mm.; impunctate shining, carina prominent, sharply delimited behind but anteriorly sloping gently to an impression on vertex; collum black, shining, broadly exposed between carina and collar, a normal condition in this and related species; black, carina broadly, juga and connecting line along base of tylus with vitta on median line of frons, mark on tylus, bordering inner margin of eyes and terminating in a spur on front margin of vertex, pale to olivaceo- testaceous. Rostrum, length 1.22 mm., attaining middle of intermediate coxae, piceous, slightly paler at the joints. Antennae: segment I, length .25 mm., black, very finely pale pubescent; II, 1.17 mm., exceeding length of the pronotum, cylindrical, rather thick (.07 mm.), constricted suddenly at base and apex, yellowish to brownish, apical one-fourth and the base darkened, frequently the entire segment blackish, clothed with fine short pale pubescence; III, .34 mm., slender, fuscous; 1V, .34 mm., similar to III only slightly more slender. 92 EIGHTEENTH REporT STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF Minnesota—1920 ax Y ee nebulosus Vbl. brevis Uhl. pi eee = G . nubilus Orem G Tinctus % ; C baker punel ulalus Fall. Plate X. Male genital claspers of the species of subgenus Camptobrochis; a, clasper, lateral aspect; ¢, right clasper, lateral aspect. Derarocor:s (HeETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 93 Pronotum: length .91 mm., width at base 1.51 mm., anterior angles .71 .mm., collar 54 mm.; disk moderately convex, lateral margins very slenderly carinate, slightly sulcate at middle, anterior angles distinct, posterior margin sinuate; calli flat, very slightly impressed and delimited behind by coarse punc- tures, black, seven to nine very fine punctures on the disk of each; collar slightly arcuate to the rear, yellowish; disk and pleural area coarsely but not densely punctate; disk olivaceo-testaceous, punctures always, a cloud of vary- ing size each side of the median line and frequently upon the basal angles, fuscous to black; in darkest specimens only the slender basal margin, irregu- larly along median line, more or less between punctures posterior to outer margins of calli, testaceous; propleura black, lower margins pale, xyphus black, distinctly convex. Scutellum coarsely punctate, nearly flat, black, apex and lateral margins at base ivory-white; mesoscutum slightly exposed, black. Ster- num and pleura black, ostiolar peritreme and usually the posterior and ventral margins of the epimera white. : Hemelytra: greatest width 1.74 mm., moderately convex, glabrous, shin- ing, coarsely but not densely punctate, punctures black; testaceous, trans- lucent, blackish color appearing first at apex of embolium and corium, then transversely across middle of corium and at base, and more or less broadly each side of the claval commissure; darkest specimens may be black except on base of embolium and clavus and a spot near base of corium. Cuncus nearly triangular, strongly deflexed, translucent on basal half, punctures and_ the apical half black. Membrane clear, the veins infuscated, more strongly pos- teriorly and invading the membrane slightly; two small fuscous points on the apical half, one each side of the middle, these spots being distinctive of the species. Legs: coxae and femora black; femora shining, the apices yellowish brown, sometimes with an indistinct annulus just before, finely pale pubescent, a few fine long hairs on the antero-ventral surface; tibiae yellowish, slightly at knee, narrowly just below, more broadly at near middle, fuscous to blackish, the apices very slightly darkened; tibiae clothed with fine rather short pale pubescence, the anterior surface of middle and hind pair armed with a row of brownish spines, in length equal to thickness of the segment; tarsi testa- ceous, apical segment becoming blackish; claws deeply cleft, piceous; arolia minute, more slender than any hairs on tarsus, erect and subparallel, con- verging slightly apically (Fig. 2, E). Venter: black, shining, finely pale pubescent; genital claspers distinctive of the species (Pl. X). ?. Length 3.9 mm., width 1.94 mm., very similar to the male but slightly larger and more robust. Segment II, length .94 mm., slender on basal half, enlarged toward apex, the greatest thickness not equal to more than the diameter of segment I; yellowish to brownish, the apical one-fifth and less broadly at base, piceous, very finely pale pubescent. Plesiotypes: $2 July 18, Springfield, Missouri (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Specimens examined: ALABAMA,—8 June 9, Auburn (H. H. Knight), tenerel condition. ARIZONA,—642 July 8—Aug. 6, Huachuca Mts., (H. G. Barber). COLORADO,— $9 July 28, Grand Junction. CONNECTICUT,—? Mar. 18, ? Aug. 6, New 94 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomococist or MinNEsota—1920 Haven. ?% Feb. 21, South Meriden (H. Johnson). 2 Oct..2, West- ville. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,—May 9 to Oct. 20 (U.S. 'N. M.). 6? Aug. 4, 1888 (Pergande). 4 June 23, ? July 1, 36 19 July 15, ¢ Aug. 18, 2 Nov. 8, Washington (W. L. McAtee). FLORIDA, —é 22 Nov. 5-24, Monticello (H. B. Scammell). GEORGIA,— ? Sept., 1878 (C. V. Riley). 3% July 31, Thomasville (C. S. Spooner). é Aug. 6, Atlanta (J. C. Bradley). ILLINOIS,—é92 June 26 to Hs 8, Urbana; ¢ June 13, Cobden; $ June 29, White Heath; 2? July Elizabeth; 36 2 Aug. 9, Du ee 62 Aug. 18, Metropolis ; 9 Aug. i Meredosia (Ill. Nat. Hist. Survey). ¢ July 14, Chicago; $9 Aug. 27, Gary; 2? Sept. 18, Palos Park; ? July 16, Willow Snene (W. J. Ger- hard). LOUISIANA,— Sept. 15, Natchitoches. MARYLAND,— d? July 5, Great Falls, (O. Heidemann). ¢ July 26, Plummers Is. CW ies MeAtee) 52 Aue 6, Plummers Is. (R. C. Shannon). @ Aug. 5, Hagerstown. ¢ Sept. 25, Baltimore (P. R. Uhler). ¢ Feb. 9. Riv- erdale (W. W. Wallis). MASSACHUSETTS,—¢? Mar. 26 to Sept. 7, Northampton; ¢ May 14, Wellesley; 9 13 Aug., $2 Sept. 2, Lynn; So Sept a7, sacs, © sept, Zt? Oct. 13, Boston (tH. M. Parshley) 206° July 20; Sharon (E.;P. Van Duzee). 2 July 22, Auburndale; 32 Sept. 3, Needham, (C. W. Johnson). MINNESOTA,—¢¢8 July 8 to Oct. 9, St. Anthony Park (H. H. Knight), breeding on Quercus macro- carpa. MISSOURI,—¢8, nymphs, July (C. V. Riley). #2 May 30 to, July’28, Charleston (E. H. Gibson). 12¢92 July 18,. Sprinetield; 1262 July 22, Hollister (H. H. Knight), on young white oak. NE- BRASKA,—¢ Aug. 10, Falls City (H. G. Barber). NORTH CARO- LINA,—¢2 April 4 to June 9, Southern Pines (A. H. Manee). 32 June 1 to July 14, Black Mts. (Beutenmuller). ¢ Oct. Raleigh (J.-E. Eckert). NEW HAMPSHIRE, ‘ashington (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). NEW JERSEY, — 89 ‘July 27, Bear Swamp, Ramapo Mts. Ci, G. Barber). “2 Sept. 72 Hortltees NE Wey ORK —é? June 8 to Sept. 27, Batavia; 4 ily 27, McLean; 62 Feb. 13 (under bark of log), 22 April 8 (under sycamore bark), 24 49 July 26;-6-@ct. 19 Gn house), Ithaca -GH> He Knishi)ns 6 2- june 30 co July 27, White Plains (Torre-Bueno). @ July 24, Salamanca; ° June 13, Niagara Balls (E. P: Van Duzee). 2 July 19) Cranberry Lake Cie Osborn). ? Aug. 27, Schenectady, (O. Heidemann). ¢ Aug. 1, Maspeth; ? Aug. 24, Rockaway Beach; 2 Sept., Port Washington; 24 July.23, Staten Is. (C. EF. Olson). 2 July 9; Staten ds. =-2 Sept. Yan. lor salle 6 Oct. 9, Brooklyn; 2 May 26, Rockaway Beach (Oeics al Davis). $2 July 30, Cold Spring Harbor, 2 Aug. 3, West Point (H. G. Barber). OHIO? Sept. 2; Vermillion (E. P.. Van Duzee): DeraArocorts (HETEROPTERA, MiripAe) 95 PENNSYLVANIA,—8 May 25, Philadelphia. “$2 Nov. 23, Harris- burg. ¢? Delaware Watergap (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). ¢@ July 22, Reading (W. J. Gerhard)... TEXAS,—?, September. VIRGINIA,— 2 June 19, 188i (P:R. Uhler):- 9 ily 2o.eh aichax. Co. Ke1C.aohane non): ¢ Aug. 23, Vienna (H. G. Barber). 28 9.Aug. 28, Pulaski (Torre-Bueno). ONTARIO, CANADA,—22, Grimsby (Petit). 39 June 22, Norway Point, Lake of Bays (J. McDunnough). 2 Aug. 18, Ottawa (G. Beaulieu). This species has been frequently taken in hibernation, under bark and in buildings. In Missouri the writer found it numerous on young white oak and more recently, in Minnesota, the nymphs and adults were found abundant the latter part of July on Quercus macrocarpa. The majority of the nymphs mature the latter part of July and the adults are most abundant on the trees in early August. On October 6 and again October 9 a living specimen of nebulosus appeared on the writer’s table in the laboratory while he was working up data on this very form. The specimens came no doubt from the bur oaks on the campus where the species bred abundantly, later entering the building for hibernation. The species has been taken singly on various plants ; also it is frequently attracted to lights. Specimens taken August 4, 1888, by Pergande are labeled “on oak.” Specimens from Miss Murfeldt and now in the U. S. N. M. collection, bear the label: “Predatory bug, on Ph. Rileyi, Sept. 2, 1889.” This evidently refers to Phyllo.vera rileyi Riley of the oak, the same tree upon which nebulosus is most frequently found. The type locality for this species is not given in the original de- scription, but the specimens probably came from Colorado as was the case with several other species described in the same paper. The type specimens are not to be found, or at least were not recognized, in the material of the National Museum collection. Deraeccoris (Camptobrochis) tinctus new species Slightly larger than nebulosus, structurally and in general aspect rather in- termediate between cuncatus and nebulosus; testaceous or pale brownish, stained with reddish, punctures black, hemelytra somewhat translucent, membrane clear or only slightly brownish bordering the brachium; structurally as in nebulosus unless otherwise noted. 6. Length 4 mm. Head: width .97 mm., vertex .41 mm., length .43 mm. ; pale to brownish, the areas represented by black in ncbulosus are replaced chiefly by brown in this species; collum pitchy black, spot each side of vertex, sides of tylus, genae, juga and bucculae, more or less blackish. Rostrum, length 1.37 mm., attaining middle of intermediate coxae, blackish, paler at the joints. 96 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntomMo.Locist or MinNESoTA—1920 Antennae: segment I, length .3 mm., brownish to blackish, becoming darker first at base and apex; HH, 1.05 mm., equal to length of pronotum, greatest thickness .08 mm., brownish black, usually paler on the middle one-third; seg- ments III and IV missing. Pronotum: length 1.05 mm., width at base 1.71 mm., anterior angles .8 mm., collar .63 mm.; more finely and sparsely punctured than in nebulosus; disk rather uniformly testaceous or pale brownish, calli reddish brown, some- times becoming blackish around the margins, disk of each callus with two or three very fine punctures; propleura testaceous, paler below, surrounding base of coxal cleft and the stricture above black, collar pale; xyphus slightly con- vex, blackish, rather longly pale pubescent. Scutellum punctate, reddish brown, punctures black, lateral margins and apex white, median line pale, frequently indistinct; frenal margin and the suture separating the mesoscutum black; mesoscutum scarcely exposed, brownish, sutures black. Sterium and pleura brownish black, basalar plate, posterior and ventral margins of epimera, more or less pale; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 1.91 mm., glabrous, pale yellowish, translucent, slightly reddish at apex of embolium; punctures moderately fine, uniformly distributed, black. Cuneus reddish translucent, outer margin paler, punctures very fine or absent. Membrane clear, brachium brownish at apical margin of cells, fre- quently the membrane slightly stained at apex of larger areole. Legs: coxae fuscous to black, paler at apices; trochanters and femora testaceous to reddish brown, translucent, apical half usually more reddish, apex pale, frequently a subapical band is also apparent, presenting a reddish annulus dividing the pale; tibiae pale, banded as in nebulosus except that the black is replaced by reddish brown, the knees becoming piceous and the apical band fus- cous; tars1 fusco-brownish, becoming blackish on the apical segment. Venter: reddish to fusco-brownish and piceous, finely pale pubescent; gen- ital claspers (Pl. X) distinctive of the species. 2. Length 4.4 mm., width 2.1 mm.; very similar to the male but slightly larger; segment II, length 1.05 mm., slender, slightly thickened toward apex, piceous to black, the middle one-third pale to reddish brown. Holotype: ¢ July 28, Grand Junction, Colorado; Cornell Uni- versity collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: 54 42, topotypic. 2 May 27, Delta, Colorado. Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) cuneatus new name 1909 Camptobrochis validus var. cuncalis Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, p. 59. (name preoccupied) 1916 Camptobrochis validus var. cunealis Van Duzee, Check List Hemip. p. 41. 1917 Camptobrochys validus var. cunealis Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 354. 1919 Camptobrochis poecilus (Reuter MS) McAtee, Ent. News xxx, p. 246. Slightly larger than but structurally very close to nebulosus; olivaceo- testaceous to brownish and blackish, cuneus red, membrane clear, a rather distinct somewhat oval-shaped fuscous spot on the apex. $. Length 4.2 mm. Head: width 92 mm., vertex .37 mm., length .43 mm.; structurally and in color markings very similar to nebulosus, the pale color * Deragocorts (Hereroprera, Mrripar) 97 more broadly developed, bases of genae and lorae, narrow tip of tylus and Jower margin of bucculae, yellowish, eyes brown to blackish; genae longly pale pubescent. Rostrum, length 1.48 mm., just reaching upon the intermediate coxae, brownish to piceous, paler at the joints. Antennae: segment I, length .37 mm., black, shining, slightly pale at ex- treme tip; II, 1.2 mm., cylindrical as in nebulosus (.08 mm. thick), black, pale pubescent; III, .43 mm.; IV, 48 mm.; the last two segments black, pale pubes- cent, a few hairs equal to twice the thickness of segment. Pronotum: length 1.08 mm., width at base 1.8 mm., anterior angles .83 mm.; nearly as in nebulosus, lateral carina and anterior angles more distinct, an- terior margin distinctly sulcate at termination of anterior angles; calli very slightly convex, black, five to seven punctures on disk of each; disk more or less brownish, narrow basal margin, lateral carina, median line, just before calli, more or less just posterior to outer angles of calli, pale to testaceous; propleura brownish black, lower margin, anterior margin of xyphus and the collar, pale to yellowish. Scutellwm punctate, brownish black, apex and lateral margins basally ivory-white, the median line palely indicated. Sternum and pleura black, basalar plate, posterior and ventral margins of epimera brownish; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2 mm., translucent yellowish brown, punctures black; becoming dark brownish or piceous on disk of corium, tip of embolium, rather broadly along claval commissure and narrow margin bordering scutellum. Cuneus bright red, sometimes brownish at apex and narrowly testaceous at base. Membrane pale, veins infuscated, infuscation invading the membrane slightly at posterior margin of areoles; distal one-third occupied by a rather distinct oval- shaped pale fuscous spot, the infuscation usually not attaining the margin. Legs: reddish brown to piceous or black, trochanters and apices of coxae testaceous; apices of femora pale, usually with an indistinct annulus just before apex; tibiae pale or yellowish, knees, narrow band just below and sometimes connected dorsally with spot on knee, a broader band just short of middle, band at apex altho in paler specimens nearly obsolete, dark brownish to piceous, bands on anterior tibiae less distinct; tarsi testaceous, becoming blackish at apex; pubescence, spines, and claws similar to nebulosus; in the reddish or pale specimens the piceous coloration may appear in spots on anterior face of femora. Venter: dark reddish to piceous or black, shining, finely pale pubescent ; genital claspers (PI. X) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.9 mm., width 2.4 mm.; very similar to the male but slightly more robust; segment IJ, length 1.2 mm., just equal to length of the pronotum, slender as in the female of nebulosus, slightly enlarged toward apex, piceous, the middle one-third yellowish or brownish. Plesiotypes: & May 21, Orange, Conn. (A. B. Champlain) ; ? June 6, Brown’s Ferry, Savannah river, South Carolina (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Specimens examined: CONNECTI- CUT ,—? May 15, Portland (B. H. Walden), on Pinus strobus. ? May 15, New Haven (A. B. Champlain). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, —é April 21, 2 July 10, 1885; 2 June 20, 1888, ? June 20, 1893, ? July 20, Washington (O. Heidemann). ¢ May 205 Ds iG. Clemons): 98 ' EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotoctst or MinnEesota—1920 ILLINOIS, —2¢,.2 Aug.,, 1889; Quincy .(C. “A. Hart). -2 June-14, Carmi. ? June 24, Grand Tower. MARYLAND,—¥8 Feb. 1, Little Falls, under sycamore bark; $2 Mar. 1, East Riverdale (W. L. Mc- Atee), under birch bark. ¢ Aug. 22, Blandensburg; ¢ Aug. 29, For- est, Glen (1. G. Barber). ¢. July 83,1893," Glen Echo: +? Aus. 10 1890, Blandensburg (O. Heidemann). MASSACHUSETTS,—? April 6, Forest Mills ((@;- Ik: Mason): 2 Aug. 8, Chester’ (C: W. Jolinsom): NEW JERSEY ,—¢2 Oct, 3, Roselle Park; 2 Oct. 15, Madison (H: G. Barber). NORTH CAROLINA,—4? July 15, Swannanoa, alt. 3,000 ft. (R. W. Leiby). NEW HAMPSHIRE,—¢? Mt. Washing- ton (Mrs.. A. T. Slosson). NEW YORK,—® July 24, on Pinus stro- bus; 2 July 26, Ithaca; 2. July 27, McLean (H. H. Knight)... PENIN- SYLVANIA,—¢ °32 Delaware Watergap (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). SOUTH CAROLINA,— June 6, Brown’s Ferry, Savannah River (H. H. Knight), taken on Alnus rugosa. WEST VIRGINIA,— July 25, 1887, Berkeley Springs (O. Heidemann). This species was described by Reuter as a variety of validus but it proves on close examination to be a distinct species. It may be dis- tinguished by the well defined and punctate calli, the rich brownish color with red cuneus, more or less oval-shaped fuscous spot at apex of membrane, and by the structure of the genital claspers (Pl. X). Cuneatus is more robust than nubilus, particularly the males, which have shorter hemelytra in proportion to the body, being more like the females in form. Mr. McAtee found this species developing on Alnus rugosa which is probably the preferred host plant. In New York the writer took a teneral specimen on Pinus strobus which had undoubtedly developed on that tree, and the species has also been collected on the same tree in Connecticut. Judging by the habits of related species, the writer would not be surprised to learn that cuneatus is predaceous upon the alder blight aphid, Pemphigus tesseliatus Fitch, and the pine bark aphid, Chermes pinicorticis Fitch. Reuter’s chirotype for the manuscript name “Camptobrochis poecilus’ is in the U. S. National Museum collectionn— 4 Washington, D. C. (O. Heidemann). Uhler’s manuscript name for the species was “Camptobrochis crassicornis,” three specimens having been noted with this label. DeraAcocoris (Hereroprera, Mrripar) 99 Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) ornatus new species Very similar to cuncatus, but segment II of the antennae is shorter in proportion to length of pronotum, also the punctures on the disk are finer; two rounded fuscous spots on apical half of membrane are suggestive of nebulosus but darkest specimens may develop a brownish cloud distad of the spots. é. Length 45 mm. Head: width 1.01 mm., vertex .4 mm., length .48 mm.; nearly as in cuneatus, the front less convex, reddish brown each side of median line; lorae, genae, bucculae, apical margin of tylus, and two impressed spots on vertex, black. Rostrum, length 1.48 mm., nearly as in cuneatus. Antennae: segment I, length .34 mm., basal half reddish brown, piceous apically; II, 1.11 mm., scarcely equal to length of pronotum, thickness .085 mm., black, brown annulus indicated at middle; II], .4 mm.; IV, .4 mm.; last two segments black, pale pubescent as in cuncatus. Pronotum: length 1.14 mm., width at base 1.92 mm., anterior angles .92 mm., collar .67 mm.; more finely punctate and the lateral margins of the disk more nearly straight than im cuneatus; calli black, reddish brown around the margin and extending more or less toward the anterior angles of disk; grayish testaceous, paler near margins of disk and at the median line, not so distinctly brownish as in cuncatus. Jcutellum reddish brown or becoming piceous, punc- tures black, apex and lateral margins ivory-white, median line usually indicated ; mesoscutum black, scarcely exposed. Sternum and pleura black, posterior and ventral margins of epimera brownish; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.08 mm.; grayish translucent, punctures, frenal margin, more or less along commissure, spot at middle and along apical margin of cor- ium, piceous, tip of embolium reddish translucent. Cuneus red, translucent, paler at inner angle and outer margin, slenderly piceous on inner margin near apex, several very fize black punctures evident. Membrane pale, brachium in- fuscated, more or less invading the membrane on both sides; a pair of rounded fuscous spots on the apical half, one each side of the middle, darkest speci- mens developing a brownish cloud distad of the spots. Legs: coxae black, the apices and trochanters testaceous; femora reddish brown, piceous on the basal half, in darkest specimens only the apical one-third paler and annulated with reddish; tibiae nearly as in cuneatus, annulations dark reddish or piceous; tarsi brownish black, the two basal segments paler. Venter: dark reddish to piceous and black, shining, pale yellowish pubescent ; genital claspers (Pl. X) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.8 mm., width 2.34 mm., very similar to the male; segment II, length 1.08 mm., slightly shorter than length of pronotum (1.2 mm.), black, the middle one-third testaceous or brownish, all the other segments black, pubescence as in cuneatus. Holotype: & Oct. 22, Yankton, South Dakota; author’s collec- tion. Allotype: topotypic. Paratypes: ILLINOIS,—%, “Ill” (C. V. Riley). -MISSOURI——¢ July 12,-Wittenburg. ¢? “Mo.” (C._V. Riley). NEBRASKA,— Aug. 28, Bigelow (H. G. Barber). SOUTH DAKOTA,—32, taken with the types. 100 EIGHTEENTH Report StatE ENtoMoLocist or MInNEsota—1920 Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) histrio (Reuter) 1876 Callicapsus histrio Reuter, Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. Oe Dsaos 1895 Callicapsus histrio Blatchley, Psyche, vii, p. 279. 1909 Camptobrochis histrio Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn. xxxvi, No. 2, pp. 54, 58. 1917 Camptobrochys (Callicapsus) histrio Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. dé. Length 46 mm. Head: width .91 mm., vertex .42 mm., length .48 mm.; carina present but low and broad, slightly impressed just before, collum broadly exposed as in other species of this group; black, carina, spot each side of vertex bordering the eye, slender ventral margin of bucculae and tylus, pale. Rostrum, length 1.85 mm., reaching to middle of hind coxae, piceous, somewhat paler on segment I. Antennae: segment I, length 42 mm.; IH, 1.2 mm., nearly cylindrical but slightly more slender toward the base, equal in thickness to segment I, pubes- cence pale to black, rather short and closely set, longest hairs not equal to thickness of the segment; III, .45 mm.; IV, .51 mm.; black, the last two segments slender, very finely pale pubescent, a few exserted hairs equal to thickness of the segment. Pronotum: length 1.11 mm., width at base 1.85 mm., anterior angles 83 mm., collar .65 mm.; disk convex, lateral margins distinct, nearly straight, strongly narrowed anteriorly, coarsely and rather uniformly but not densely punctate; disk pale red to bright red, punctures becoming black, calli except at antero-lateral angles and a widening stripe behind each which falls short of the basal margin, black; calli moderately convex, three or four fine punc- tures on the disk of each, delimited behind by coarse punctures, a pair of deep punctures set between the callosities, one each side of the median line; pro- pleura black, red dorsally, pale bordering the coxal cavities; xyphus moderately convex, black, paler at margins and including the collar in front, pale pubescent. Scutellum red, a black spot on median line at base, punctate, the punctures only slightly darkened. Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peritreme black but usually with some pale points. Hemelytra: width 2.2 mm., red (sometimes slightly pallid where the me- lanin pigment has not been fully oxidized to red), clavus except apex, triangle at base of corium, and a large somewhat rounded spot on the apical half black, punctures mostly blackish. Cuneus red, punctures concolorous, usually a black- ish streak along inner margin near apex. Membrane dark fuscous, an irregular transverse band at middle pale, the apical half with a crescent-shaped fuscous cloud which does not always attain the margin. Legs: black, shining; tibiae biannulate with pale, the front pair frequently with only one annulus; tarsi brownish black, darker at apex, claws brownish to piceous. Venter: black, shining, finely pale pubescent; genital claspers (Pl. X) dis- tinctive of the species. 9. Length 5 mm., width 2.2 mm.; very similar to the male but usually slightly larger; segment II of antennae more slender on the basal half, tapering from base to larger at apex. Derarocoris (Heteroprera, Miripar) 101 Plesiotypes: $2 August 17, Langdon, Missouri (H. G. Barber) ; author’s collection. Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA 64? Aug. fe akeport, bake, Co. (EF. .P.-Van Duzee) : one specimen Marysville, Yuba County (fide Van Duzee). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,— 9 Nov. 24, 1886, 2 Feb. 21, 1887 (T. Pergande). ¢ Nov. 4, 1887 (O. Heidemann). ILLINOIS,—¢ July 4 to July 31, 3¢ 12 Aug. 18, 6 Aug.-23,-6 Nov. 1, Chicago; 2 Aug. 31, Argo; 2¢ Sept. 19, Palos Park (W. J. Gerhard). 2% June 1, Grand Tower; ¢ June 14, Savanna Cie Walloch) a6 June 8, 1890, 6 June 17, 18877"? (C. A, Hart). INDIANA,—¢@ July 14, Mineral Springs (A. B. Walcott). IOWA, —é? “Ta.” (U.S. N. M.). KANSAS,—¢ Onaga (Crevecoeur). ? iinertO sw iuly 13, (Ropenoe).; 26 sSept: 1. (i..B. Nortom)s6 Mar. 1o5.6 ‘July 11,6 Sept. 23 (P. J..Parrott) ; 2 June, Riley ‘County (Mar- latt). 24 June 28, Wellington. MICHIGAN,—é 22 July 3, Ber- rien County (R. F. Hussey). MINNESOTA,—9, “Minn.” (Lugger collection). MISSOURI,—¢ July 6, 2 July 10,24 2? July 14, Lang- don (H. G. Barber). 2¢ July 22, O’Fallon (W. L. McAtee). MON- TANA,—8 Aug. 21, 1892, Assinuaboin (Heidemann collection). NE- BRASKA,—8, “Neb.” (Lugger collection). NEW YORK,—<é Aug. Pielthaca- ¢ Aue, 30); Cold Spring: Elarbor, Long Island “CAk Mi: Parshley). SOUTH DAKOTA,—2? Aug. 5, 2¢ Sept. 25, Ardmore Ga sGElolt). This species has frequently been taken in hiberation as is shown by the above records. Mr. W. J. Gerhard found the species fairly abundant about electric lights in the suburbs of Chicago during July and August, 1914. Probably the majority of all specimens collected have been taken at lights or in hibernation. Nothing is known regard- ing the life history altho the general scarcity of specimens and the wide distribution of the species suggests that it is predaceous in habits. Blatchley (1895) records two specimens that “were found beneath the bark of a black oak log (Quercus coccinea tinctoria Gray) which lay on the side of a high sandy hill near the Wabash River. Feb. LO 1893s, Reuter (1876) described histrio and erected the genus Callicapsus for its reception, recording the locality as ““Texas” and ‘“‘Carolina.” The type specimens are probably still to be found in the Stockholm Na- tional Museum. In a later examination of the species, Reuter (1909) placed it in Camptobrochis, pointing out that structurally histrio dif- fers very little from punctulatus Fallen and other closely related species. 102 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) bakeri new species 1909 +Camptobrochis brevis Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi. No. 2, p. 59. Black, shining, legs reddish brown; scarcely larger than nebulosus, anterior angles of pronotum broader and more prominent; apical half of membrane clear. , $. Length 4.1 mm. Head: width .91 mm., vertex .45 mm., length .43 mm.; black, polished, carina ivory-white, apical half of tylus more or less and sometimes the median line of front pale or brownish; collum broadly ex- posed, front more convex than in nebulosus. Rostrum, length 1.35 mm., reach- ing upon middle of intermediate coxae, piceous, the two basal segments more brownish. Antennae: segment I, length .31 mm.; II, .94 mm., nearly cylindrical, thickness .06 mm., slightly thicker on the apical half; III, .37 mm.; IV, .34 mm.; black, pale pubescent, the longer hairs slightly darkened. . Pronotum: length 1.03 mm., width at base 1.65 mm., anterior angles .86 mm., collar .6 mm.; black, disk broader and the anterior angles more promi- nent than in nebulosus, coarsely and closely punctate; calli confluent, forming a transverse convex polished area, usually with two or three fine punctures near the posterior lateral angles; collar white except just behind the eyes, as viewed from above distinctly arcuate to the rear; basal margin of disk very slenderly, fower pleural margins and xyphus except on disk, pale to white. Scutellum black, coarsely punctate, narrow apex and sometimes the lateral margins very slenderly pale. Sterum and pleura black, posterior and ventral margins of epimera pale; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 1.72 mm.; black, closely punctate, more coarsely on clavus near scutellum; glabrous or only minutely and sparsely pubescent on embolium. Cuneus black, distinctly punctured. Membrane clear, veins and apical half of areoles infuscated, the infuscation invading the membrane narrowly just posterior to the brachium. Legs: testaceous to reddish brown, coxae fuscous to black; basal half of femora frequently piceous, the apical half not distinctly banded; tibiae reddish brown, usually banded with darker at middle and apex, the knee and a line just below on dorsal side reddish to piceous; tarsi infuscated, becoming black toward apex, claws piceous. Venter: dark reddish brown to piceous and black, shining, pale pubescent; genital claspers (Pl. X) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.3 mm., width 2.08 mm., very similar to the male but more robust; segment II, length 1 mm., slender, gradually thickened toward apex (.057 mm. thick); all the segments black, pale pubascent, beset with’ several long pale or slightly darkened hairs. : Holotype: @ July, Ormsby County, Nevada (C. F. Baker) ; author’s collection. Allotype: topotypic; Cornell University collection. Paratypes: NEVADA,—2é July 6, Ormsby County (C. F. Baker): 2 Virginia City ; 2 “76.” (Uhler collection). CALIFORNIA,—¢ Aug. 24, Donner Lake, Placer Co. (W. M. Giffard). 2 July 10, Lake Tahoe. UTAH,—< “Sept.-18, Miltord (J..Ce Bradley) (COLORADO? a2 July 25, Rifle; 2 May 27, Delta. Deragrocorts (HeETERopTERA, Mirtpar) 103 Uhler did not separate this species from his brevis as is shown by determination labels on specimens. Reuter (1909) had this species before him when discussing brevis, a fact easily ascertained from that author’s remarks as well as a determined specimen in the Heidemann collection. Uhler’s description of brevis was misleading in that he de- scribed the membrane as “soiled white,” a term more applicable to the species here described. Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) brevis ( Uhler) 1904 Camptobrochis brevis Uhler, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., xxvii, p. 359. 1917 Camptobrochys brevis Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 354. Piceous to black, shining, larger and more elongate than nebulosus; mem- brane infuscated near the apex. 6. Length 4.7 mm. Head: width .97 mm., vertex .4 mm., length 48 mm.; black, shining, the carina, spot near front margin of eye and a more obscure mark on median line of frons, yellowish to ivory-white, eyes brownish to black. Rostrum, length 1.54 mm., attaining the middle of the intermediate coxae, piceous, sometimes slightly paler at apex of first and second segments. Antennae: segment I, length .34 mm.; II, 1.2 mm., thickness of apical half (08 mm.) very little greater than on basal half (.07 mm.); III, 45 mm.; IV, .38 mm.; black, very finely pale pubescent, segment II, with a few hairs equal to thickness of the segment. Pronotum: length 1 mm., width at base 1.71 mm., anterior angles .88 mm., collar .58 mm.; black, collar except at sides, slenderly on lateral and posterior margins of disk, lower pleural margin to top of coxal cleft, pale to ivory- white; disk moderately convex, closely and rather coarsely punctate, minutely pale pubescent; lateral margins practically straight, perceptibly carinate, an- terior angles prominent, posterior angles rounded yet the nearest one-third of basal margin if projected would form a right angle with the lateral margin, the middle one-third slightly sulcate; calli confluent, forming a transverse slightly elevated area, impunctate, shining; propleura closely and coarsely punc- tate; xyphus distinctly convex, finely pale pubescent. Scutellum rather coarsely punctate except nearest the basal margin, black, narrowly at apex and more slenderly at basal angles ivory-white; mesoscutum moderately exposed, black, finely pale pubescent. Sternum and pleura black, ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.02 mm.; piceous to black, slightly translucent on basal one-fourth of embolium and a small spot near base of corium; glabrous or only minutely and sparsely pubescent, shining, closely and rather coarsely punc- tate, the heaviest punctures closely placed on the clavus; lateral margin of embolium slightly sinuate, minutely pubescent near the edge. Cuneus length slightly greater than width at base, punctate, black, pale and more or less trans- lucent bordering the fracture and inner angle. Membrane clear, a distinct fus- cous are in the submargin of the apex, slightly darker at each side; veins fus- cous, darker along apex of areoles, the infuscation invading the membrane slightly. Legs: piceous to black, the femora becoming ferrugino-testaceous toward the apices, not distinctly annulated with paler, rather longly but finely pubescent, 104 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomo.ocist or MInNEsota—1920 especially on the anterior surface; tibiae triannulate with pale, a narrow basal band just below the knee, frequently nearly obsolete, the broadest band occupy- ing the middle of the apical half; anterior face of tibia armed with a row of brownish spines, in length equal to diameter of the segment, also clothed with numerous rather stiff hairs chiefly shorter than the spines; tarsi blackish, the basal segment paler; claws deeply notched, piceous. Venter: black, shining, moderately clothed with pale to yellowish pubes- cence or very fine hairs; genital claspers (Pl. X) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.2 mm., width 2.05 mm.; slightly shorter and more robust than the male but very similar in structure and color; second antennal segment more slender, tapering from base to larger near apex, the middle one-third usually yellowish brown; apex of membrane frequently not so distinctly marked with fuscous. Holotype: 2 Aug. 10, Las Vegas, New Mexico (H. S. Barber) ; Cat No 6851, US So N.My Paoraiypes: “2 Aug. 27° Aus: 7,2 Ao S: Las Vegas, N. Mex. (H. 5. Barber). Uhler records all four speci- mens as “secured Aug 10.” Allotype: ¢ Aug. 3, Grand View, Grand Canyon, Arizona (H. H. Knight); Cornell University collection. Specimens examined in addition to the types: ARIZONA,—2¢, 8? Aug. 2, top Bright An- gel Trail, Grand Canyon; 346 32 Aug. 3, Grand View, Grand Canyon CHa Knieht): dé July 11) Walliams CA. Wetmore). 7d sfulyaiie: Williams (Barber & Schwarz). ¢ 29, Prescott. CALIFORNIA, ? April 27, Stanford (Harold Morrison). 32 April 12, Oakland (E. > Van Dyke), ee July 14 MireDiablo GEwP. Van Duzee)i daze San Berdino (Coquillett). 2 Jan. 1905, Menlo Park (F. Hornung). COLORADO,—¢ July 18, ¢ 22 July 20, Golden (W. J. Gerhard). ? April 20, Ft. Collins. ¢ July 9, 2 July 28, Grand Junction. 9%, Grand Junction (H. Osborn). 2? July 12, Denver; ¢? July 19, Manitou; 4 July 21, Boulder; ¢92 July 24, Salida (E. P. Van Duzee)>- NEW MEXICO,—é¢ May 1, 22 June 1, Alamogordo. 2 June 18, Cloudcroft. 28 June 2, Highrolls. ¢2 May to Oct., Fort Wingate. 3¢ 10° June 23, Jemez Springs (J. Woodgate). OREGON,—¢ May 28, 1893, Mt. Tabor, Portland. BRITISH COLUMBIA,—6 April 24, Victoria (A. E. Cameron). @ Victoria (G. W. Taylor). ¢ Aug. 9, Royal Oak (W. Downes). An examination of the types proved this species to be something entirely different from that which the writer, working from the de- scription alone, Reuter, and probably other workers took to be Uhler’s brevis. The original description is misleading in describing the mem- brane as “soiled white’ when all the type specimens show it to be infus- cated in the usual understanding of the term. The species herein de- Deracocor § (HETEROPTERA, MrripAr) 105 scribed as bakeri n. sp. is the one that has usually been regarded as brevis, for it has a pale or “soiled white’? membrane. Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) brevis piceatus new variety Structurally very similar if not identical with brevis but differs at least in general color aspect; lateral margins of disk, base of embolium and corium, the clavus largely, pale to yellowish translucent; resembles nubilus in coloration but differs in having the central area of pronotal disk black with no indication of a pale median line. 6. Length 48 mm. Head: similar to brevis, very pale forms may have the juga brownish but never connected with the pale vitta on front. Pronotum: lateral margins more or less broadly pale, the central area of the disk black, the median line never pale. Hemelytra: width 2.1 mm.; basal half of embolium and corium and some- times extending along claval suture, clavus except along claval commissure, and base of cuneus, pale yellowish translucent. Legs: more broadly pale than in brevis and frequently distinctly reddish. Venter: black, in very pale forms sometimes reddish brown to piceous; gen- ital claspers very similar to if not identical with brevis. Q. Similar to the male in coloration, structurally not differing from brevis. Holotype: ¢ July 24, Golden, Colorado (W. J. Gerhard) ; au- thor’s collection. Allotype: topotypic. Paratypes: CALIFORNIA, =o 12 Ang. 20, Placer*Co.; 2¢° Summit, Placer Co! (7,000 th) 46 Io Anes 24 Donner Lake, Placer Co.; 6°29 Aug 21 Fallem Heat, EE dorado Co.; 16 22 June 17; Wawona, Mariposa Co. (W. M. Giffard). & 22 July 9, Clayton, Shasta Co.; 2¢ 22 July 10, Huntington Lake; 22 \ily. 235, McCloud, Siskiyou ‘Co.; 3432 July 24 Sisson: 22 July.28 Miemiiddy a2 cd NOoNue. Z.ittoberss. lake Co, (HP VaneDiizee) mee Ave. Zl; lake Vahoe (E. Ly Diven).) 4¢ 22 Placer Co. (UWhler.col- lection). ¢ 42 Oct., 1891, Lake Tahoe (Heidemann collection). COL- ORADO,—¢ July 28, Grand Junction. ¢ Grand Junction (H. Os- born). 2 July, Cheyenne Canyon, Colorado Springs. 36 42 July 24, Salida; ¢ April 27, Fort Collins (E. D. Ball). ¢ May 11, Graham’s Park, Rio delos Pinos, on Salix bloom (C. F. Baker). IDAHO,— ®, Couer d’Alene (Uhler collection). MONTANA,—é¢ 22 July 31, Missoula (A. A. Nichol). 2 June 30, Bozeman. 2 Sept. 6, Bear Paw Mountain. NEVADA,—é2 “Nev.” (Uhler collection). OREGON, — June 12, Josephine Co. (F. W. Nunenmacher). 29, “Oregon” (Koebele). 2 June 10, Odell. 1062 Dilley. WASHINGTON,—<¢, “Weel” =(Uinler collection). 2 (June 30; 1882, Lone Tree; Yakima River. BRITISH COLUMBIA,—48 July 20, Bear Lake; 32 Aug. 5, Kaslo (A. N. Caudell). 2? July 6, North Bend. % May 20, Pen- dleton; June 4, Royal Oak (R. C. Treherne). 106 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist or MrnNEsota—1920 Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) nubilus new species Slightly larger than nebulosus, most closely related to brevis and validus; male more elongate than female, apical half of membrane infuscated, usually more so than in brevis; general coloration more nearly that of validus which species has the membrane merely tinged with fumate. $. Length 48 mm. Head: width .97 mm., vertex .38 mm., length .37 mm. ; black, shining, line bordering front margin of eye, carina, juga, median line on front and on tylus, yellowish to ivory-white. Rostrum, length 1.75 mm., scarcely attaining the posterior margins of the middle coxae, piceous, slightly paler at the joints. Antennae: segment I, length .31 mm.; II, 1.22 mm., nearly cylindrical, thick- ness .085 mm.; III, 40 mm.; IV, 42 mm.; uniformly blackish, pubescence fumate, last three segments: beset with several longer infuscated hairs. Pronotum: length 1.03 mm., width at base 1.7 mm., anterior angles .77 mm., collar .57 mm., nearly as in brevis; glabrous, shining, punctures black and prom- inent; calli confluent, impunctate, black, a pair of deep punctures just behind on the median line; collar pale, extending back from calli usually to basal mar- gin of disk blackish, the lateral areas olivaceo-testaceous to grayish translucent, the median line always more or less pale. Scutellum punctate, black and shin- ing, lateral margins basally and the median line apically, ivory-white. Sternum and pleura piceous, ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.02 mm., longer than in the female, uniformly olivaceo- testaceous or grayish translucent; punctures black, deep and moderately close, extreme outer edge of embolium and the commissure blackish. Cuneus punc- tured and colored as the corium, the apical half dark fuscous to black. Mem- brane infuscated, within the areoles, a transverse area immediately distad of the brachium and cuneus, hyaline. Legs: posterior femora piceous, yellowish brown to reddish on the apical half and marked with two piceous bands, the extreme apex whitish; middle and front femora with the pale color restricted more to apices, trochanters tes- taceous; tibiae thrice annulated with fuscous and pale, fuscous band at the apex, middle and just below the knee, a fuscous spot on the knee but pale on the ventral side; tarsi fuscous to blackish, paler near the base. Venter: black, shining, finely pale yellowish pubescent; genital claspers (Pl. X) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.2 mm., width 2 mm.; shorter and more robust than the male; segment II, length .97 mm., shorter and more slender, nearly as in brevis, pale on the middle third; white before the calli and more extensively on the head and scutellum. Holotype: ¢& Feb. 13, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight); au- thor’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: 84 132, taken with the types. CONNECTICUT,— June 13, Rainbow (B. H. Walden), on white pine.; DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA é July 4, ¢ Nov. 5, Washington (O.. Heidemann). -MASSACHU- SE iS?) Septia 14> 26 Oct le; = Forest ills. aa | Nowe ele Northampton (H. M. Parshley). $2 “Mass.” (Uhler collection). ¢2 Deragocoris (HETEROPTERA, Mrrtpar) 107 July 11, Wellesley (E. P.,Van Duzee). MINNESOTA,—? May 11, “Taylor's Falls, on Pinus strobus (H. H. Knight). NEW HAMP- SHIRE,—2? June 10, Claremont. NEBRASKA,—? Aug. 14, Sioux County. NORTH CAROLINA,—$ July 19, Lake Toxaway (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). NEW YORK,—® May 20, ? June 14, ¢2 June 30; $ July 8,4¢ July 13, 2 July 24, ¢ July 26, on Pinus strobus ; 22 Nov. GF (inehonuse) ithaca; +2 june 22, Portage; 2 july 14, Batavia (El, A Knight). 6¢ 62 July 11, Taghanic (near Ithaca), taken on Pinus resinosa (H. H. Knight). 2 April 19, (in house) ; 2 Aug. 16, (at light) Wate, Plams <@), R:-Lorre-Bueno). VIRGINIA,;—? Oct..5, (PR: Uhler). NOVA SCOTIA,—$ Sept. 13, Truro (R. Matheson). NEW- FOUNDLAND,— Stephenville, Bay St. George. The writer found the types and a large series of specimens hiber- nating under the bark of a log where the insects had collected to spend the winter. When found, some were stiff with frost but soon revived as they were warmed in the sunshine. The writer has taken two speci- mens late in the fall as they came into buildings evidently seeking hi- bernation quarters. The species breeds on Pinus strobus and Pinus resinosa but only in favored spots on certain trees. One specimen was taken on larch, Larix laricina, but its occurrence on that tree may be merely accidental. The small white, wax-coated nymphs, were found in company with Chermes pinicorticis Fitch, resembling very much the wax-covered aphids. The bug is probably predaceous to a certain extent upon the pine bark aphid altho actual puncturing of an aphid was not observed. Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) nubilus obscuripes new variety Structurally very similar if not identical with nubilus, but much darker in color, especially the legs. 9. Length 4.3 mm., width 2.2 mm. Head: black, a small mark on median line of front and the jugae brownish, spot each side of vertex and more broadly along the carina pale. Antennae: black, structurally not distinguishable from the typical form. Pronotum: median line of disk reduced to a slender brownish line, lateral margins rather broadly brownish testaceous. Scutcllum ivory-white at apex and basal angles. Hemelytra: piceous, base of embolium and corium, central area of clavus, and base of cuneus, brownish testaceous. Legs: black, hind femora with an obscure reddish black dorsal mark just before and at apex; tibiae with two obscure reddish brown annulations. Holotype: @ June 30, Bozeman, Montana; author’s collection. 108 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST oF MINNESOTA—1920 Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) nigrifrons new species Slightly larger than nebulosus, very similar to but scarcely as large as nubilus; hemelytra of male short, similar to the female; frons black, apical half of membrane infuscated. é. Length 3.6 mm. Head: width 94 mm., vertex 43 mm., length .35 mm., black, shining; carina and in paler specimens a spot each side of vertex bordering eye pale; eye slightly smaller and less rounded than in nubilus, not occupying as much of the gena as in that species or nebulosus. Rostrum, length 1.34 mm., nearly attaining the posterior margins of the middle coxae, piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .30 mm.; II, .91 mm., tapering to slightly thicker from base toward apex, attaining the thickness of segment I, pale yel- lowish pubescent and beset with several fine erect hairs which in length exceed the thickness of the segment; III, .39 mm.; IV, .37 mm.; black, the last two segments with erect pale hairs as in segment II. Pronotum: length .91 mm., width at base 1.54 mm., anterior angles .91 mm., collar .67 mm.; nearly as in nubilus, the calli more distinctly swollen and confluent, without two deep punctures just behind on the median line; calli and posteriorly black, the median line slenderly pale. Scutellum nearly as in nubilus, lateral margins and sometimes the median line apically ivory- white. Sternum and pleura black, posterior and ventral margins of the epimera pale; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 1.74 mm., short as in the female; olivaceo-testaceous or grayish translucent, corium except base and spot near tip of clavus, apex of embolium, commissure and more or less along base of clavus piceous, punc- tures black. Cuneus shorter than in nubilus, black, the basal half pale trans- lucent, punctures black. Membrane infuscated nearly as in nubilus. Legs: black, tips of coxae and margins of trochanters pale, apices of femora pale but with a black saddle-shaped spot over the dorsal half which viewed from above gives the appearance of two annulations; tibiae biannulate and with a third indication ventrally just below the knee, pale; two basal segments of tarsus largely pale. Venter: black, shining, very finely pale pubescent; genital claspers (PI. X) distinctive of the species, approaching brevis most closely. 9. Length 1.37 mm., width 2.11 mm., very similar to the male but slightly more robust; very little paler than the male, the median line on pronotal disk usually more broadly pale while the femora are not so distinctly biannulate as in the male. Holotype: ¢& August 3, Axiel, Colorado; author’s collection. Aliotype: August 24, Donner Lake, Placer County, Cal. (W. M. Gif- fard); collection of California Academy Sciences. ¢ @, taken with the allotype. Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) validus (Reuter) 1909 Camptobrochis validus Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, p. 58. Slightly larger than nubilus, brownish testaceous, calli black but without blackish rays posteriorly, median line of disk faintly indicated in paler; mem- Deragocortis (HertTErRopTERA, Mrripae) 109 brane having only a transverse fumate cloud on the apical half which scarcely _attains the margin. $. Length 16 mm. Head: width .94 mm., vertex .4 mm., length 48 mm.; carina present but low and broad, an impression each side on vertex curving forward to the median line, front less convex than in brevis; black, carina, along front margin of eyes but interrupted by a spot, juga, tylus except geminate mark on basal half and transversely just before apex, spot below base of antenna and frequently one on the genae, slender lower margin of buc- culae, pale. Rostrum, length 1.51 mm., reaching upon middle coxae, brownish black, paler at the apex of first and second segments. Antennae: segment I, length .34 mm.; IJ, 1.15 mm., nearly cylindrical but slightly more slender on the basal half, pale pubescent, beset with several erect dusky hairs which in length nearly equal thickness of segment; III, .4 mm.; IV, .37 mm.; black, the last two segments with a few fine hairs which are longer than the general pubescence. Pronotum: length .97 mm., width at base 1.68 mm., anterior angles .84 mm., collar .66 mm.; disk moderately convex, rather coarsely punctate, especially just behind the calli and at each side, lateral margins slenderly carinate and slightly sulcate, the anterior angles distinct and not so broad as in brevis or nubilus; calli practically flat, separated by two coarse deep punctures, black, just ‘before and somewhat invading the callus at the latero-anterior angle pale; disk brownish testaceous, the median line indicated by slightly paler, devoid of black behind the calli or on the basal angles; propleura brownish, paler on the ventral margin, dorsally either side of the coxal cleft blackish; xyphus pale, disk convex and infuscated, distinctly pale pubescent. Scutellum rugose-punctate, dark brownish, the punctures black, apex and the lateral mar- gins basally ivory-white, the median line palely indicated. Sternwm and pleura black, posterior and ventral margin of the epimera pale brownish; ostiolar peri- treme white. Hemelytra: width 2.05 mm.; scarcely differing from the female, brownish testaceous, rather uniformly black punctate, becoming piceous at apex of corium and a small inconspicuous spot at middle. Cuneus pale brownish translucent, punctures and the apex piceous. Membrane clear, brachium and slightly in- vading the membrane dark brownish, apical half with a transverse fumate cloud which scarcely attains the margin. Legs: more or less pale and with piceous and black; posterior and middle femora broadly biannulate with piceous on the apical half, the basal half with two rows of spots on anterior face, a row of spots or a line on the dorsal sur- face; front femora black, biannulate with pale brownish near apices; tibiae triannulate with pale, the annulation just below the knee frequently interrupted by a piceous line on the dorsal side; tarsi pale, the apical segment and claws piceous. Venter: black, shining, very finely pale pubescent; genital claspers (Pl. X) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.8 mm., width 1.96 mm.; very similar to the male, median line of frons pale or brownish; segment II of antennae slender at base and taper- ing gradually thicker toward apex, not attaining the thickness of segment I, annulated with pale or brownish at middle. 110 EIGHTEENTH Report State EnNtToMoLocist or MinNEsota—1920 Plestotypes: 8 May 3, Milpitas, California (R. J. Smith); 2, Santa Clara County, California (C. F. Baker); author’s collection. Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA,—2? September, Palo Alto CHE C. Bradley). @ Santa Clara County (C. F. Baker) [type material]. ? Aug. 2, Lakeport (E. P. Van Duzee). 9, “Cal.” (Uhler collection). OREGON,—? May 19, Dalles (U. S. N. M.). The writer has not seen the type of this species altho type mate- rial has been studied. Dr. Philip A. Munz has been kind enough to furnish the writer with a list of the type specimens of Miridae which are found in the Pomona College collection. This list indicates that most of the types are contained there of species described by Reuter from the material collected by Prof. C. F. Baker. Of seven speci- mens from the type locality one is labeled ““Camptobrochis” by Reuter but without specific name written out. This omission was probably due to an oversight which was never corrected following the descrip- tion of the species. No data are available regarding the food habits of the species, altho the May and September records indicate that the adults hibernate. Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) luridipes new species Dorsal aspect very similar to that of validus, differs in having the apical half of membrane strongly infuscated and in the uniformly lurid or brownish femora. 6. Length 48 mm. Head: width .97 mm., vertex 44 mm., length .54 mm.; nearly as in validus but the front is perceptibly more convex; carina distinct, indented just before; polished, black, the carina, a longitudinal median spot on front, bordering eyes and projecting slightly on vertex, jugae, spot at middle of tylus, pale yellowish. Rostrum, length 1.9 mm., barely attaining posterior margins of middle coxae; black, slightly brownish on under side at base and apex of segments I and II. Antennae: segment I, length .4 mm.; II, 1.48 ‘mm., gradually thickened from base (.057 mm.) to apex (.085 mm.); pale pubescent, the longest hairs equal to little more than thickness of segment; III, .51 mm.; IV, .40 mm; black, perceptibly pale at tips of segments I and II. Pronotum: length 1.14 mm., width at base 1.9 mm., anterior angles .88 mm., gently rounded; collar .65 mm., finely granulate, pale to yellowish; punc- tuation and surface similar to validus; calli black, the pale area just before and bordering the calli stained with brownish; disk uniformly grayish testa- ceous, devoid of black at the basal angles; propleura testaceous, pale border- ing the coxal cavities, dorsally surrounding the coxal cleft and anteriorly to the stricture black; xyphus black, distinctly pale pubescent. Scutellum punc- tate, black, the side margins and apex ivory-white. Sternum and pleura black, slenderly brown along the suture separating the meso- and meta-pleural sclerites, pleura distinctly pale pubescent; ostiolar peritreme white. Deraerocorts (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 111 Hemelytra: width 2.28 mm.; structurally very similar to validus; yellowish _translucent, punctures black; bordering the commissure, a broad elongate spot occupying the apical half of corium, embolium toward the apex and slenderly ‘along the outer edge, blackish. Cuneus testaceous, slightly translucent, punc- tures and the apical half black. Membrane distinctly fuscous on the apical half and projecting basally somewhat between the areoles, veins brownish black at apices of areoles, in darkest specimens somewhat invading the membrane; are- oles within, bordering the veins without and at tip of cuneus, pale. Legs: lurid to translucent brownish, anterior faces of femora with a linear series of fuscous points, the apices narrowly pale; tibiae indistinctly triannulate with paler; tarsi piceous, slightly brownish at base. Venter: piceous black, shining; genital claspers (Pl. X) distinctive of the species. 2° Length 4.8 mm.; very similar to the male, head more broadly pale and the corium with very little blackish. Holotype: % June 21, 1914, San Diego Co., Calif. (E. P. Van Duzee) ; collection of E. P. Van Duzee. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratype: 9, taken with the types. Mr. Van Duzee took the specimens on an “elderberry tree.” KEY TO PelbeSPECIES Ol GROUE if In this group the body form, genital claspers, and punctate scu- tellum all point to a close relationship with group I, while the non-cleft claws exhibit an affinity with the species of group V. D. diveni is very distinct and would merit the separation into a new group were other species discovered having similar characteristics. 1. Dorsum heavily pubescent or hairy. : s : : : feo) Dorsum glabrous or practically so bo N Femora deep black, apices distinctly pale, tibiae biannulate with pale; pronotal disk of female largely pale, the calli and basal angles black; disk of male largely black, narrow median line and a stripe behind lateral angles of calli pale to brownish, black color on frons never forming transverse bars; dorsal width of an eye in the male not equal to width of vertex ; : : atriventris n. sp. p. 112 Femora not as the above, more or “ties brownish black or reddish, fre- quently biannulate with paler on the apical half; tibiae variously banded: dorsal width of an eye in male equal to width of vertex. 3 3. Femora narrowly pale at apex and a second band just before; hind tibiae distinctly biannulate, a third pale indication just below the knee; hemelytra more or less pale, apex, middle, and narrow base of corium blackish; cuneus black, pale on the basal half . incertus n. sp. PD. 114 Femora pale only at the very apex, or if a second annulation is indi- cated, then the cuneus reddish; hind tibiae biannulate or banded with pale only on the apical half; cuneus usually reddish, corium some- Rinesmikee herapOve Wt. oe a eG ie Go el ae vey SD 4 112 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 4. Femora uniformly reddish brown, indistinctly pale at the very apex; hind tibiae reddish brown, a single pale annulation on the apical half ; hemelytra, cuneus, and pronotum distinctly tinged with reddish ‘ imcertus carneolus n. var. p. 116 Pome: black sometimes with more or less pale; hind tibiae blackish, biannulate or with only a single pale band on apical half; hemelytra and pronotum not tinged with reddish, but pale with fuscous and black, cuneus either reddish or black at base . ; : Sea) 5. Hind tibiae black, distinctly annulated with pale on shade half only; femora black, slightly pale at tips; cuneus black, pale on basal half, frequently tinged with reddish . incertus picipes n. var. p. 116 Hind tibiae blackish, biannulate with pale or even with a third pale indication below knee; femora brownish black, rather distinctly bian- nulate with pale on the apical half; cuneus red or brownish red : : : rufusculus n. sp. p. 116 6. Head black, pale color appearing along the median line of front; femora and ventral surface piceous, shining, tibiae biannulate with pale; slen- der elongate species, dorsum pitchy black and clothed with fine long pale hairs. ‘ : ; : : : diveni n. sp. p. 117 Deraeocoris atriventris new species About the size of brevis or nubilus, dorsum glabrous, rather coarsely punc- tate, shining, second antennal segment longer than the head and pronotum taken together; femora black, only the apices: pale, dorsum pallid grayish- testaceous and marked with black, much darker in the male. é. Length 47 mm. Head: width .98 mm., vertex .38 mm., length 48 mm.; carina delimited behind by a groove, sloping anteriorly to a pair of curved impressions on vertex, collum broadly exposed, vertex broader than the dorsal width of an eye; black, carina, spot each side of vertex and curving along front margin of eye, usually interrupted and leaving a spot just above base of antenna, and the juga, pale. Rostrum, length 1.84 mm., black, attaining the middle of hind coxae, first segment extending upon basal one-third of xyphus. Antennae: segment I, length .34 mm.; II, 1.71 mm., nearly cylindrical, equal to segment I in thickness, pubescence pale and blackish mixed, a few black exserted hairs which in length are not equal to thickness of segment; III, 37 mm.; IV, .37 mm.; black, the last two segments slender and _ beset with several blackish exserted hairs which in length exceed the thickness of the segments. Pronotum: length 1.08 mm., width at base 1.8 mm., anterior angles .74 mim., collar .65 mm. ; disk convex, coarsely and rather irregularly punctate, lateral margins distinct, nearly straight, narrowed in front, the anterior angles little wider than the collar; calli black, shining, convex and confluent, delimited be- hind by coarse punctures, disk of each callus with three or four fine punctures near the latero-posterior angles; disk olivaceo-testaceous, basal angles broadly black, becoming black along the basal margin and irregularly among the punc- tures either side of the median line, frequently leaving a paler ray behind lateral angle of each callus, collar pale; propleura black, ventral and posterior margins more or less pale; xyphus black, moderately convex, collar pale. DeraAgocorts (HeETrEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 118 Scutellum punctate, more coarsely and rugose-punctate on the basal half; black, the basal angles and apex ivory-white, mesoscutum black. Sternwm and pleura black, opaque, the posterior and ventral margins of the epimera sometimes slenderly pale, ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 1.98 mm., brownish testaceous, strongly translucent, punc- tures black; spot at base, irregularly at middle and the apical area of corium, apex and slender lateral edge of embolium, bordering the commissure, black. Cuneus black, more or less pale at base, punctures black. Membrane fuscous on apical half, paler within the larger areoles and immediately distad of the brachium, brachium infuscated, the dark color invading the membrane slightly. Legs: black, shining, tips of coxae and bases of trochanters pale, femora pale only at the apices; tarsi black, claws fusco-translueent, slender and not distinctly cleft; arolia very slender, bristle-like, erect and subparallel, con- verging slightly at apices (fig. 2, A). bee Venter: black, shining, pale pubescent; om \e genital claspers (fig. 3) distinctive of the y | ) species. "a b sae 9. Length 4.8 mm., width 2.2 mm., more . . robust than the male; dorsum largely pale alri ventris testaceous, calli and basal angles of pro- Fig. 3. Deraeocoris atriventris, male genital claspers. a, left clasper, lat- Se ee epoca ee grayish testaceous, black spot at base and pect. middle, but the blackish color at apex of corium more restricted than in the male; segment I], length 1.57 mm., slender, becoming gradually thicker toward apex, scarcely equaling the thickness of segment I, black, sometimes dark brownish at middle, pale pubescent, a few darker and longer hairs near apex. notal disk black; hemelytra largely pale Holotype: 6 July 27,-Mt. Lemon (alt. 9,000 ft.), Santa. Cata- lina Mts., Arizona (H. H. Knight); Cornell University collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: 464 42? taken with the types. All the specimens were taken on Pinus scopulorum and P. ari- gonica at the top of Mt. Lemon. Nymphs in the fourth and fifth nymphal instars were taken with the adults. A description of the fifth nymphal stage is as follows: Length 3.3 mm., width (across wing-pads) 1.8 mm. Head: width .91 mm., vertex .48 mm., length .63 mm., more flattened and porrect than in the adult; carina not apparent, a row of small black bristles in its stead, triangularly im- pressed just before on the vertex; several large black bristles on front of head, one at base of jugum and two along lower half of front margin of eye which are most prominent; grayish testaceous, front mottled with fuscous each side of median line, geminate mark on basal half of tylus, along inner margin of eye and above base of antenna, blackish. Rostrum, length 1.57 mm., nearly attaining posterior margins of hind coxae, dusky to piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .25 mm., thickness .09 mm.; II, 1.28 mm., thickness .09 mm., cylindrical, clothed, but not thickly set, with short. stiff 114 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 black hairs, in length not equaling thickness of segment; last two segments mutilated; fusco-brownish, the basal segment more blackish. Pronotum: length .65 mm., width at base 1.25 mm., width at anterior angles 83 mm.; disk nearly flat, more convex where the callosities are indicated, gray- ish testaceous, spotted and marked with fuscous, a row of black bristles on the anterior submargin; lateral margins nearly straight, beset with several bristles, basal margin sulcate at middle and broadly curving to the basal angles; pro- pleura much reduced, coxal cleft distinct and cut well up under the lateral mar- gin of disk, xyphus poorly developed. JA/esonotum smooth, median line appar- ent as a fine impression which continues forward upon the pronotum; wing- pads reaching to posterior margin of the fourth visible abdominal segment, ground color similar to pronotum but more closely spotted with fuscous, the apical area, base, and the mesonotum largely clouded with fuscous; lateral margins of wing-pads beset with short stiff black bristles. Legs: black, apices of femora pale; hind tibiae biannulate with pale, a third annulus indicated beneath the knee; front and middle tibiae more broadly pale, the three fuscous annulations much reduced, black on the knee; tibial comb fully developed and similar to that of the adult; tarsi two-segmented, the second segment three times the length of the first, blackish; claws as in the adult, arolia not distinguishable. Abdomen: testaceous, ten segments visible from the dorsal aspect, a sparsely set row of black bristles transversely across the middle of each segment, each bristle usually arising from a fuscous spot; the third tergite and half of the fourth covered at middle by a conspicuous opaque blackish spot; tergites 5-8 with a dark opaque spot at each side in the lateral submargin, placed nearest the anterior margin of the tergite, the largest spot on the eighth tergite; spir- acles situated on the ventral submargin and corresponding closely in position with the dorsal spots just described. The anus is provided with an eversible ergan of sticky nature which enables the nymph, when disturbed and falling from one limb to another, to attach itself to the first object it strikes until such time as the feet can be brought into use again. Deraeocoris incertus new species Slightly larger than atriventris, femora biannulate with pale on the apical jalf; base, middle, and apex of corium piceous; ‘eyes of male large, width of vertex not equal to the dorsal width of an eye; segment II of male antennae with fine short pubescence, devoid of exserted hairs. é. Length 5 mm. Head: width 1.06 mm., vertex .35 mm., length .54 mm. ; carina much flattened, produced forward at the median line, a groove separating it from the collum; collum broadly exposed, black; eyes large, dark brown, nearly ovate when viewed from the side, much reducing the genal area; black, the pale markings very similar to those of nubilus, carina, bordering front mar- gin of eye below vertex, median line of front below vertex and connecting be- neath with juga, small spot below base of antenna, the median and a lateral line on tylus, pale or white. Rostrum, length 1.85 mm., reaching upon the hind coxae, piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .34 mm., brownish black, paler on the apical half; IJ, 1.65 mm., cylindrical, equal in thickness to segment I, constricted at Derarocoris (HEeETEROPTERA, MiripAr) 115 base, black, finely pale pubescent; III, .43 mm.; IV, .43 mm.; last two segments slender, black, pale pubescent. Pronotum: length 1.11 mm., width at base 1.82 mm., anterior angles .83 mm.; collar .68 mm., pale, opaque; disk moderately convex, glabrous, shining, rather coarsely punctate and especially so just behind the calli; lateral mar- gins nearly straight, slenderly carinate, anterior angles narrowed, little wider than the collar; calli moderately convex, smooth and shining, confluent, de- limited behind by an impression and also by coarse punctures; calli black but pale just before, median line but more broadly just behind calli, a rather broad ray behind lateral angle of each callus, and slender basal margin of disk, pale; propleura punctate, blackish, more or less pale around the margins; xyphus convex, blackish, the carinate lateral margins and in front on collar pale. Scutellum punctate, moderately convex, basal angles, apex, and usually the median line pale or ivory-white; mesoscutum black, distinctly exposed. Sternum black, opaque, only a spot at the dorsal margin of the episterna shining; ostiolar peritreme white, posterior and ventral margins of the epimera pale. Hemelytra: width 2.14 mm., costal margin nearly straight or only very slightly arcuate; corium and clavus slightly more convex than in atriventris, coarsely punctate, more closely near the claval suture, glabrous, shining; pal- lido-testaceous, rather broadly across apex of corium and embolium, narrowly at base, a transverse blotch at middle of corium which continues along claval suture and across apex of clavus, piceous; punctures, slender edge of embolium and inner margins of clavus blackish. Cuneus pale, usually the apical half and the punctures blackish. Membrane pale fuliginous, apical half, the brachium and somewhat invading the membrane, infuscated, a clear spot bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: apices of coxae and bases of trochanters pale, femora reddish brown or blackish, biannulate with pale at apices, front pair more distinctly so; hind temora usually more or less pale at middle on the anterior face; tibiae biannu- late with pale, the hind pair with a third pale indication just below the knee, a row of spines on the anterior face; tarsi blackish, claws slender, not toothed at base, fusco-translucent; arolia simulating fine bristles, translucent, inclined forward between the claws, nearly parallel but converging slightly at tips. -~ — incerlus Fig. 4. Deraeocoris incertus, male genital claspers. a, left clasper, lat- eral aspect; b, internal arm of left elasper; e, right clasper, lateral as- pect. Venter: black, shining, rather sparsely pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 4) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.9 mm., width 2.37 mm.; very similar to the male but more robust, usu- ally more broadly pale. Head: width 1.05 mm., vertex .44 mm., the dorsal width of an eye not equal to the width of vertex; median line of frons usually joined with the pale on vertex and carina, the black each side of frontal line frequently broken by transverse pale bars. Antennae: segment II, length 1.51 mm, slender and brownish on the basal half, distinctly thickened toward apex, a few ex- serted hairs equal to thickness of segment. é August 12, Portland, Oregon (A. A. Nichol) ; Allotype: taken with type. Paratypes: 3%, topo- Holotype: author’s collection. 116 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomococist oF MiInNEsSotA—1920 typic. CALIFORNIA,—2? Aug. 24, Summit (alt. 7,000 ft.), Placer County (W. M. Giffard). 2 July 28, Mt. Eddy (E. P. Van Duzee). BRITISH COLUMBIA,—® July, 1914, Vancouver (R./ Hl. Crystal): Deraeocoris incertus picipes new variety 9. Length 5.5 mm., width 2.71 mm., larger than the typical incertus, ver- tex more distinctly indented but otherwise does not appear to differ structurally ; femora uniformly piceous, slightly pale only at the very apex; hind tibiae black, distinctly annulated with pale only on the apical half; apical half of hemelytra more broadly piceous than the typical form, cuneus black, pale on basal half, frequently tinged with reddish. Holotype: 2 July 26, Webber’s Camp (alt. 7,800 ft.), Santa Cata- lina Mts., Arizona (H. H. Knight); Cornell University collection. Paratype: 2 Aug. 4, Williams, Arizona (H. H. Knight). Both specimens were beaten from white oak (Quercus sp.?) but owing to the isolated specimens taken the occurrence on that tree may have been merely accidental. This form may prove to be distinct from incertus but in the absence of male specimens the identity can not be established with certainty. Deraeocoris incertus carneolus new variety 9. Length 4.7 mm., width 2.28 mm., nearly the size of the typical incertus, marked similarly to picipes but all the black color replaced by reddish brown and bezoming piceous only in the darkest spots; vertex distinctly indented just before the carina; femora uniformly reddish brown, indistinctly pale at the very apex; hind tibiae reddish brown, a single pale annulation on the apical half ; hemelytra, cuneus, and pronotum distinctly tinged with reddish, becoming brownish in the darker parts. Holotype: ?% August 2, Huachuca Mts., Arizona (H. G. Barber) ; author’s collection. Deraeocoris rufusculus new species Closely related to incertus, smaller, darker colored, the cuneus red; seg- ment II of antennae beset at intervals with erect hairs which in length equal the thickness of the segment; the genital claspers indicate a close relationship with incertus but certain differences are apparent (fig. 5). é. Length 49 mm. Head: width 1 mm., vertex .29 mm., length .57 mm.; vertex not equal to the dorsal width of an eye, carina low but apparent, arcuated cephalad, an oblique impression each side of vertex which unite on median line at base of frons; collum broadly exposed, a groove separating it from the carina; color markings nearly identical with incertus. Rostrwm, length 1.98 mm., nearly attaining posterior margins of hind coxae, piceous. Derarocorts (HETEROPTERA, MIrIDAE) Tay, Antennae: segment. I, length .34 mm., fusco-brownish and somewhat trans- lacent; II, 1.56 mm., brownish black, cylindrical, perceptibly thicker than seg- ment I, constricted at base, clothed with fine dusky pubescence, beset at inter- vals with erect hairs which in length equal the thickness of the segment; III, .41 mm., slender, blackish, beset with erect hairs which in length exceed thickness of segment; IV, missing. Pronotum: length 1 mm., width at base 1.68 mm., anterior angles .77 mm., collar .63 mm.; very similar to incertus except that the disk is more coarsely punctate behind the calli; dark brownish to black, shining, slender median line and the basal margin of disk pale or white, just before calli and an irregular spot behind the outer angles pale. Scutellum punctate, rather coarsely rugose- punctate on the basal half; dark brownish black, basal angles and apex ivory- white, median line palely indicated near apex. Sternum more brownish at the sides than in incertus. Hemelytra: width 1.98 mm., similar to imcertus except for the color; dark fusco-brownish, translucent, somewhat paler each side of the scutellum. Cuneus dark red, slender margin bordering the mem- brane dark brownish. Membrane marked Soe similarly to icertus but the infuscation b darker, invading the membrane more ex- a> Cc : : : a tensively each side of the brachium. rufusculus Legs: marked similarly to incertus but the : ; dark color more brownish than black. Bigs 5b: Deraeocoris rufus- Gj ; , athe culus, male genital claspers. Venter: dark brownish to piceous, shining, a, left clasper, lateral aspect; Ee 2 ss : b, internal arm of left clasper ; rather sparsely pale pubescent; genital claspers ec, right clasper, lateral aspect. (fig. 5) distinctive of the species. Holotype: ¢& August 12, Portland, Oregon (A. A. Nichol) ; author’s collection. Deraeocoris diveni new species Larger than incertus, and more elongate, black, shining, pale pilose above; median line of front and tylus and the tip of the scutellum more or less pale, tibiae biannulate with pale. 3. Length 6.4mm. Head: width 1.03 mm., vertex 45 mm., length .51 mm. ; carina absent, vertex abruptly declivous behind, collum narrowly exposed ; black, shining, tylus and juga distinctly pale pilose; median line of frons and spreading to form a triangle on vertex, more distinctly on median line of tylus, lower margins of bucculae and extreme tip of tylus, pale or white. Kostrum, length 1.85 mm., reaching upon the middle coxae, black, paler at apex of first and second segments. Antennae: segment I, length .43 mm., strongly narrowed basally, longly pale pubescent on the apical half; II, 1.42 mm., thickness .10 mm., slightly thicker than segment I, nearly cylindrical but narrowed at base and slightly so at apex, black, the extreme tip white, pale pubescent, several exserted hairs slightly darker and in length exceeding the thickness of the segment; III, 52 mm.; IV, 45 mm.:; black, the last two segments slender, beset with exserted hairs which in length are nearly equal to twice the thickness of the segment. 118 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist o—F MInnNEsora—1920 Pronotum: length 1.28 mm., width at base 2.05 mm., anterior angles .&3 mm., collar .68 mm.; black, opaque; disk punctate, more deeply and coarsely behind the calli and laterally, longly pale pilose, more heavily at the sides, lat- eral margins distinct, nearly straight, distinctly narrowed at anterior angles, little wider than the collar; calli slightly convex, confluent, disk of each beset with four or five pilose hairs, a pair of large deep punctures just behind, one set each side of the median line; black, shining, basal margin narrowly pale; propleura black, coarsely punctate, pale bordering the coxal cavity, opaque each side of the coxal cleft; xyphus nearly flat, lateral margins much produced or carinate bordering the coxal cavity, black, opaque, pale in front on collar. Scutellum black, convex, apex sharply depressed and white; rather indistinctly rugose-punctate (badly injured by the pin, which prevents accurate judgment of the punctate character). Sternum and pleura black, granulate and somewhat wrinkled; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.51 mm.; elongate, black, somewhat translucent, rather coarsely punctate; palely pilose, more thickly on embolium and base of corium. Cuneus black, pubescent, punctures distinct, pale spot at outer basal angle. Membrane infuscated, the brachium and within the areoles slightly darker, a clear spot bordering tip of cuneus. Legs: black, tips of coxae and bases of trochanters pale; femora rather slen- der, tibiae biannulate with pale, devoid of spines except at apices but beset with several prominent hairs; tarsi black, slightly paler on the two basal segments which are practically sub- equal in length; claws slender, trans- lucent, not toothed at base, arolia sim- ulating fine bristles, pale translucent, inclined forward away from tarsus, di VES nearly parallel but converging at tips. Fig. 6. Deraeocoris diveni, male genital [emter: black, shining, rather elaspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; sy internal arm of left clasper; e, right elasper, sparsely pale pubescent ; genital clasp- lateral aspect. 4 a ies = : ers (fig. 6) distinctive of the species. Holotype: ¢& August 26, 1915, Canon Camp (alt. 7,700 ft.), Yellowstone Park, Wyoming (E. L. Diven) ; author’s collection. This species 1s named in honor of the young and enthusiastic col- lector, Mr. Emerson L. Diven who lost his’ life August 7, 1919, in an airplane accident while scouting in the interest of the pink boll- worm control in Texas. Only the single specimen has been seen by the writer but it is very likely that more material can be obtained by beating conifers at the type locality or at similar altitudes in that general region. KEY 10 THES PECIES OF GROUP sah 1. Tibiae banded with fuscous or pale Tibiae uniformly pale or yellowish ON 2. Membrane with a distinctly rounded fuscous spot on the apical half, frequently connected at base by a fuscous streak extending down from Derarocorts (HETEROPTERA, M1RIDAE) between the areoles, thus leaving a large pale spot each side of middle and bordering apex of cuneus ; Membrane usually somewhat infuscated Biber not as aedescubed ahoie Calli solid black, a broad piceous ray behind each; in pale specimens the calli may be somewhat brownish but in such case the median line and margins of the disk are distinctly pale, leaving a dark brown ray behind each callus; hemelytra with piceous on clavus and corium, em- bolium pale. : ; : 3 borealis Van D. p. 120 Calli more or less invaded with Pomien or pale, distinct rays not ap- parent behind calli; hemelytra and pronotum more uniformly colored, either fulvo-testaceous or dark brownish : . : ; ; : . : : fasciolus n. sp. p. 123 Rostrum extending slightly heroud the posterior margins of the hind coxae; membrane with the apical half scarcely infuscated, femora pale but with two distinct blackish bands near apices, hind tibiae biannu- late with fuscous on the basal half. ; grandis Uhler p. 126 Rostrum scarcely attaining the posterior margins of the hind coxae; membrane, femora, and hind tibiae not having the above combination of characters : : : ; ; : Femora uniformly airle! on tHe Spiel half, iene the basal part in darkest specimens; venter distinctly reddish, sometimes dark chest- nut red, shining . 2 : ; betulae n. sp. p. 129 Femora with the apical half Bienes banded or entirely pale Second antennal segment with prominent pale exserted hairs, in length equal to three times the thickness of the segment; pronotum with dis- coidal margins pale, calli and posteriorly on disk black, frequently forming a ray behind each callus and thus leaving the median line pale Second antennal segment without prominent exserted hairs, or if pres- ent, not equal to more than twice the thickness of the segment; pro- notal disk without distinct rays, or if black then the lateral margins not distinctly paler : : Median line of pronotal disk pale! the place eats forming a ete ray behind each callus; impressed spot each side of vertex next to eye, pale, frequently black just beneath the impressed spot and on frout : : ; : : : : , alnicola n. sp. p. 132 Median line of pronotal disk not distinctly pale, sometimes the central area of disk may be paler than immediately behind the calli but a dis- tinct median line is not formed; black spot, slightly impressed, one each side of vertex next to eye, the front more or less black, the lagers line usually pale . : : : shastan n. sp. p. 133 Pronotum, sternum, and venter ie dark brownish black, a paler spot at the median line just in front of calli; disk of pronotum slen- derly margined with pale; hemelytra brownish black, paler parts stained with brownish . : : triannulipes n. sp. p. 137 Pronotum, sternum, and venter alee. usually pallid gray with fuscous, in darkest specimens blackish but the median line on pronotum and scutellum pale; hemelytra with infuscation appearing first at tip of embolium, on middle, outer margin at apex, and at base of corium, paler parts more or less translucent; darkest specimens becoming 119 120 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 blackish but the paler and translucent part not stained with brownish Mid Bh ies : abhidiphagus n. sp. p. 134 9. (1) Hind femora with two brown or fuscous bands near apices; apical half of the membrane with a distinctly rounded fuscous spot, usually connected at base by a fuscous streak which extends up be- tween the large areoles ‘ fh Ais Hind femora with but one fuscous hand: aeiealt ale Ag membrane pale or clouded with fuscous but the fuscous area not forming a rounded spot on the apical half 10. Calli solid black, a broad piceous ray behind each; in pale specimens the calli may be somewhat brownish but in such cases the median line and margins of disk are distinctly pale, leaving a dark brown ray be- hind each callus; hemelytra with piceous on clavus and corium, em- bolum pale } : eke borealis Van D. p. 120 Calli more or less invaded wath Reo arcs or pale, distinct rays not ap- parent behind calli; hemelytra and pronotum more uniformly colored, fulvo-testaceous to dark brownish . fasctolus castus n. var. p. 125 11. Dorsum uniformly brownish black, or pronotum rich fulvous brown and the calli not margined or lined with black but uniformly colored as the disk of pronotum : : : : ; : 3 Dorsum pale to testaceous ‘nid Seawanione frequently becoming fuscous or blackish but always with some pale; calli margined with black entirely black 12. Calli black only around the margin, dorsum rich brownish to fusco- brownish, shining . : mitenatus n.n. (=|| mitens Reut.) p. 141 Calli entirely black, or if not, then the dorsum pallid testaceous and with three irregular fuscous spots, one at apex, middle, and base of each hemelytron 13. Dorsum fuscous to blackish, usually with a pale median line running over the disk and scutellum, hemelytra darkened to such an extent that three fuscous. spots are not apparent . . quercicola n. sp. p. 138 Dorsum pallid testaceous and with three irregular fuscous spots, one at base, middle, and apex of each hemelytron; calli usually black but in pale specimens only margined with black ye : : quercicola pallens n. var. p. 140 14. Dorman aa tottaly brow nish places calli and scutellum blackish similar to the whole dorsum .° . ~.. . ge a) (@GUisisnesps pael40 Dorsum largely rich fulvous brown; oatl not margined with black but uniformly colored as the disk of the pronotum; males becoming black- ish on the basal half of the disk and on the anterior margin, while in darkest specimens even the calli may become dark but the scutellum always remains fulviousy a 465%) ce .ses ser taes oe ECE Sl. Spee elder Deraeocoris borealis (Van Duzee) 1( ) 11 14 oe) 1920 Camptobrochys borealis Van Duzee, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, ix, p. 354. Length 6-7 mm. Elongate, largely pale and marked with piceous; calli deep black, a broad piceous ray behind each, thus leaving the median line and margins of the disk pale or testaceous; embolium pale translucent, membrane Deracocorts (HerreropTera, MiriDar) 121 with a distinctly rounded fuscous spot on the apical half, usually connected at -base by a fuscous streak extending down from between the areoles. 6. Length 68 mm. Head: width 1.11 mm., vertex 52 mm., length .65 mm.; eyes ovate when viewed from the side, sloping, the lower margin some- what removed from base of head; front broad, moderately convex, smooth and shining, lower part of face pubescent; carina flat, delimited behind by a groove which separates the black and broadly exposed collum from the vertex; median line of front pale, dark brownish to black at each side, frequently broken into transverse bars; base of tylus and a geminate mark on the basal half, above base of antenna, dorsal margins of lorae and bucculae, spot beneath eye, and narrow tip of tylus, blackish. Rostrum, length 2.28 mm., reaching to near posterior mar- gins of the middle coxae, brownish, the apex becoming piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .57 mm., scarcely reaching beyond tip of tylus by half its length, black, sometimes brownish black; I], 1.71 mm., nearly cylin- drical, more slender at base, not equaling the thickness of segment I, rather thickly and longly pale pubescent, length of many hairs equal to twice the thickness of the segment, black, frequently brownish black at base; III, .74 mm.; IV, .56 mm.; last two segments slender, brownish to black, pale pubes- cent, many of the fine hairs equal to more than twice the thickness of the segment. Pronotum: length 1.48 mm.; width at base 2.42 mm., anterior angles 1 mm.; collar .8 mm., opaque or dull brownish; disk moderately convex, black punctate, more coarsely just behind the calli, lateral margins distinct, slenderly carinate, nearly straight, narrowed until the anterior angles are little wider than the collar; calli moderately convex, smooth and shining, delimited poste- riorly by an impression and coarse punctures, partially confluent but separated by a pair of deep punctures; calli deep black, also an arc projecting forward) at the anterior angles, a broad piceous ray behind each callus extending to near the basal margin of disk, the median line broadly, lateral and basal miargins of disk and just before the calli, pale to testaceous; propleura punctate, brown- ish, surrounding the dorsal half of the coxal cleft black and opaque; xyphus slightly convex anteriorly, pale yellowish brown, margins prominently carinate bordering the coxal cavity. Scutellwm impunctate, convex, shining, pale to tes- taceous, a piceous vitta each side of median line at base, the piceous color fre- quently replaced by dark brown. Sternum black or brownish black, opaque, a small spot dorsally on the meso- and meta-episterna shining, basalar plate vellowish brown; ostiolar peritreme largely pale but becoming infuscated dorsally. Hemelytra: width 2.85 mm.; moderately convex, margin of the embolium sinuate arcuate, cuneus and membrane moderately deflexed; glabrous, shining, black punctate; pale brownish translucent to dark brownish and piceous, em- bolium and narrowly at base of corium pale translucent, clavus dark brownish, more piceous on the basal half and at commissure, corium more or less piceous either side of the cubitus on the apical half. Cuncus pale translucent, punctures not evident except at base, apex blackish on the margin bordering the mem- brane. Wembrane with a distinctly rounded fuscous spot on the apical half, usually connected at base by a fuscous streak extending down from between the areoles, thus leaving a large pale spot each side of middle and next to apex of cuneus; brachium infuscated, the infuscation invading the membrane each side, larger areole rather elongate and not broadly rounded apically. 22 EIGHTEENTH Report STatE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 Legs: pale testaceous, anterior face of coxae with prominent pale pubes- cence, ventral margin of femora beset with long pale pilose hairs; femora be- coming darker near tips, usually banded twice on the apical half with black- ish, in darkest specimens the hind pair frequently broadly black and the bands confluent; tibiae beset with stiff hairs but not with true spines except at tips, in dark specimens the hind pair may sometimes be annulated with fuscous on the basal half; tarsi infuscated at tips, first and second segments subequal in length; claws brownish translucent, deeply cleft or toothed at base, arolia simulating fine bristles, pale translucent, inclined forward, nearly parallel but converging slightly at apices. Venter: dark brownish to piceous, shining, longly pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 7) distinctive of the species, the left clasper with- out a projecting horn at b C hbase. 2. Length 6.4 mm., width borealis Vand 3 mm.; general coloration c : 2 very similar to the male, the Fig. 7. Deraeocoris borealis, male genital claspers. y y a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arm of left rayS on pronotum some- clasper; ec, right clasper, lateral aspect. times more dark brown than piceous but rays are always apparent, in pale specimens the median line is always paler than at either side behind the calli; scutellum frequently dark brown each side of the median line rather than piceous, the black color on head and sternum much reduced also; segment II of the antennae slender, becoming thicker only on the apical one-fourth, black, sometimes brownish on the basal half, longly pubescent or hairy, length of exserted hairs equal to three times the thickness of the segment. Plesiotypes: ¢&2 [paratypes] July 27, McLean, New York (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Specimens examined: Paratypes: 14 12 July 9, Portland, Maine (E. P. Van:Duzee). ¢ June 16, 2 June 24, $2 June 25, é July 4, ¢ July 18, Batavia; 22 July 26, Ithaca; 2? June 27, Portageville; 32 July 27, McLean Bogs, Tompkins County, New York (H. H. Knight). Records: CONNECTICUT,— July 6, South Meriden (H. Johnson). MAINE,—é4 June 26, ¢ July 31, Peaks Island (G. A. Moore). MASSACHUSETTS,—<¢ Aug. 8, Chester (C. W. Johnson). MICHIGAN,—2¢ July 5, 2 July 14, 2 July 25, Cheboygan County (E. P. Butler). NEW JERSEY,—¢ 32 June 18, Hewitt (Wm. T. Davis). NEW YORK,—8 July 8, Ithaca; 4¢ 2? July 3, McLean Bogs, Tompkins County (H. H. Knight). 54 8? June 21, Olivera; 1¢ 12 July 4, Plattsburg (Wm. T. Davis). ¢ July 15, Wanakena;> 32. July 17, 42° [uly 9°20; co fuly | 2922 Granbernny, Lake (C. J. Drake). ¢ June 24, Rockaway Beach, Long Island (C. E. Olsen). 36 July, Olivera (E. Shoemaker). OHIO,—? June Derarocoris (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 123 29, Delaware (C. J. Drake). WISCONSIN,—3? Aug. 12, Salmo, Bayfield County (W. L. McAtee). ONTARIO, CANADA,—3¢ July 3, Lake of Bays (J. McDunnough). NOVA SCOTIA,—<é, Halifax (EPs Van Duzee). The writer has taken this species on alders, a few specimens being collected on other plants but always in damp, cool, shaded situations. At the McLean bogs specimens were swept from aphid-curled leaves but the aphid was not identified. Borealis is doubtless predaceous to a large extent as is true of alnicola, the latter species apparently being confined to alders in its breeding habits. Both species are very similar in general coloration but structurally are very distinct. Deraeocoris fasciolus new species Slightly smaller than borealis, disk of pronotum more uniformly colored, dis- tinct rays not apparent behind the calli; left genital clasper very similar to that of borealis but the right clasper is distinctive. 3. Length 6.4 mm. Head: width 1.06 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .63 mm., structurally not differing appreciably from borealis; yellowish brown, spot each side of vertex, four or five transverse spots each side of median line of front, above and below base of antenna, base and apex and two longitudinal stripes on tylus, bucculae, tip of lorae and more or less on juga, blackish. Ros- trum, 2.17 mm., reaching to near posterior margins of the middle coxae, yel- lowish to brownish, piceous at apex, the basal segment somewhat infuscated. Antennae: segment I, length 54 mm., black; II, 1.57 mm., black, some- what brownish at middle, pale pubescent, longest hairs scarcely equaling twice the thickness of the segment; III, .7 mm., blackish, paler at base; IV, .48 mm., blackish. Pronotum: length 1.4 mm., width at base 2.28 mm., anterior angles .94 mm., collar .74 mm.; structurally very similar to borealis, disk more closely but irregularly puntate; calli dark brownish to black, invaded by pale or brownish at the latero-anterior angles; disk rather uniformly dark brownish, sometimes slightly paler on the central area but never forming distinct rays behind the calli, the lateral margins not at all paler than behind the calli. Scu- tellum impunctate, convex and shining, brownish, the basal angles and apex pale, median line brown, brownish black at each side but not attaining the base, the blackish color never beginning at base as is the case in borealis. Sternum brownish to black, always paler at the median line, basalar plate yellowish; ostiolar peritreme largely pale but becoming infuscated dorsally. Hemelytra: width 2.77 mm., structurally very similar to borealis; rather uniformly dark brownish to piceous, paler on basal half of embolium and along base of cubitus. Cuneus pale translucent, fine infuscated punctures evident, apex more broadly infuscated than in borealis. Membrane nearly as in borealis, the rounded spot on apical half joined at base by a ray-like infuscation pro- duced from the apical angle of each large areole, or in paler specimens not connected but the base of the apical spot not so clearly rounded as in borealis. Legs: structurally as in borealis; pale to yellowish, femora biannulate with 124 EIGHTEENTH Report Stare ENToMoLocist oF MinNEsota—1920 blackish on the apical half, the front and middle pair paler on the ventral sur- face or the bands even obsolete above; tibiae with spot on knee and two annu- lations on basal half blackish, frequently the apices also darkened; tarsi dark brownish to blackish, darker at apices. Venter: dark brownish to piceous, shining; gen- ital claspers (fig. 8) dis- tinctive of the species, the left clasper differing very slightly from that of borealis, but the much fasciolus more bent and different- : : , ly shaped right clasper is Fig. 8. Deracocoris fasciolus, male genital claspers. y P De = P a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arin of left distinctive. eclasper; ec, right clasper, lateral : : z - aperaly ASVECe 9. Length 6.5 mm., width 3.1 mm.; very similar to the male in coloration but usually not so dark; segment II, length 1.63 mm., slender and only slightly thicker at apex, black, testaceous near middle but more broadly black at base than apex, clothed with fine pale hairs, length of several equal to more than twice the thickness of segment; paler specimens may have the front of head and calli more broadly brownish. Holotype: 3 July 8, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: NEW YORK, poe aiulys, 6.22 july 26,2. July 23; Ithaca’: 6. June 30) (239) ulyao: ee Aige LO) 6 MAug 13, Batavia (ie A, Knisht).99 June. oj uly Ithaca (W. H. Wellhouse), reared on Crataegus. ¢ July 26, Cran- berry Lake; ¢ Aug. 1-7, Wanakena (C. J. Drake). ILLINOIS, June 29, Willow Springs (W. J. Gerhard). MAINE,—é July 12, ? ‘July 28;-Orono (C. W.,Johnsom). ~2,°“Me.” (Uhler collection). MASSACHUSETTS,—¢ Aug. 8, Chester (C. W. Johnson). MICH- IGAN,—¢ July 11, North Muskegon (C. A. Hill). ¢ Aug. 28, Marquette. MINNESOTA,— July 20, Gray Cloud Island; 2? Aug. 18, Elkhorn Creek, Carlton Co.; 3? Aug. 30; Two Harbors; 2 Aug. 20, Beaver Bay Cb. El: Knight) 1 12 july, Wd Becker Cony (Aves Nichol); OREGON,—22 Aus, 123222 Aue: 17, Portland, (CAs. Nichol). WISCONSIN,—3? Aug. 12, Salmo, Bayfield Co. (W. L. McAtee)., CANADA: BRITISH "COLUMBIA =3 6 12s julysel3: Kasio, (As IN. Caudell)s. NOVA, SCOMVA— 2 Aue 12> iruro.s Che Matheson). ? July 26, ¢ July 28, 2? Aug. 11, ¢ Aug. 19, Smith’s Cove (W. H. Brittain). ONTARIO,—¢ July 14, New Castle (L. Caesar), “on -pear-and apple” 3d 32 Aus. 6; Barry, sounds (El ss Panish):. QUEBEC,—2¢6 19 July 22, Lacolle (G. A. Moore). At Batavia the writer found this species on apple trees always closely associated with the rosy aphid, Aphis sorbi Kaltenbach. The on Deragocoris (HETEROPTERA, M1IRIDAE) 12 white wax-coated nymphs frequent the aphid-curled leaves, feeding on the aphids and honeydew excretions. The bugs were never observed to feed on the fruit and it seems to the writer that the species is likely to prove beneficial rather than injurious. The species was also taken on Crataegus, where it was found associated with and predaceous upon Schisoneura crataegi Oestlund. Dr. W. H. Wellhouse reared a speci- men from the time of hatching to the adult stage on the foliage of Crataegus, altho in rearing'other specimens he found that aphids were fed upon when available. The young nymphs appeared with the un- folding of the buds, doubtless hatching from eggs which passed the winter in the buds or twigs. Prof. L. Caesar found fasciolus rather abundant on apple and pear trees in Ontario but as yet has not ob- served it feeding on the fruit. For a considerable period the writer had considered this species as merely a variety of borealis but a close examination of the genital claspers revealed the fact that fasciolus is structurally distinct, a point first suggested after observing the habits of these insects. Deraeocoris fasciolus castus new variety Apparently only a color form of fasciolus but at least a well defined and stable color variety; dorsum fulvo-testacecus, calli usually lined with black but sometimes entirely brownish. 6. Length 6 mm. Head: width 1.08 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .57 mm.; fulvo-testaceous or brownish, basal spot and geminate mark on_ basal half of tylus, spot beneath eye, dorsal margin of lorae, mark on bucculae and tip of tylus, blackish. Rostrum, length 2.28 mm., nearly attaining the posterior margins of middle coxae, yellowish brown, the apex darker. Antennae: segment I, length .57 mm., yellowish, becoming infuscated on basal half; II, 1.71 mm., pale yellowish, becoming infuscated at apex; III, .68 mm.; IV, .46 mm.; last two segments yellowish or becoming dusky. Pronotum: length 1.45 mm., width at base 2.39 mm., anterior angles .92 mm., collar .74 mm.; uniformly fulvo-testaceous or brownish, calli lined with black, sometimes entirely brownish. Scutellum fulvo-testaceous, basal angles narrowly and sometimes the apex pale. Sternwm uniformly brownish; ostiolar peritreme pale yellowish, fusco-brownish dorsally. Hemelytra: width 2.85 mm.; uniformly fulvo-testaceous or brownish, em- bolium pale translucent, punctures black. Cuncus pale translucent, punctures not evident, fusco-brownish on the inner margin at apex. Membrane with a rounded fusco-brownish spot on apical half, sometimes produced basally in a ray between the larger areoles, brachium and invading the membrane either side fusco-brownish, in darker forms the areoles also clouded. Legs: pale yellowish to brownish, sometimes the hind femora with two fuscous bands near apices; tibiae pale or with only a spot at knee; tarsi dark- ened at apices, claws brownish translucent. 126 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENtomMoLocist or MInNESoTA—1920 Venter: testaceous to rich dark brownish, shining; genital claspers very similar if not identical with those of fasciolus. 2. Length 6.5 mm., width 3 mm.; similar to the male in coloration; seg- ment IT, length 1.71 mm., pale yellowish, the apex infuscated. Holotype: ¢& July 23, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: 34 162 taken with the types on beech, within leaves rolled by Phyllaphis fagi Linnaeus. NEW YORK,—22 July 8, 3? July 24, Ithaca; 2 June 30, ¢ 32 July 5, 24 July 6,2 July 9, 32 July 14, ¢ July 15, 14 19 July 22, ¢ July 25, Aug. 2, $ Aug. 3, Batavia (H. H. Knight). 4 June 28, ? july 3, $ 3° July 15, Staten Island (Wm. T. Davis). 3? July 23, Staten Island (C. E. Olsen). MASSACHUSETTS,—2¢ 19 Aug. &,"Chester (CC) W. Johnson). MICHIGAN—Ié 19 July 8, Holland (A. B. Walcott); NEW JERSEY,— July 2, Jamesburg (Wm. T. Davis). OHIO,—® July 20, Columbus (E. Liljeblad). QUEBEC, CAINADA,— July 14, Montreal; 2 July 30, Bondville (G. A. Moore). This particular variety and only this form was found associated with and predaceous upon Phyllaphis fagi Linnaeus on the beech (Fagus grandiflora), an aphid which rolls the leaves under tightly from the margin. Specimens of castus were taken at Batavia on apple trees with the typical fasciolus, which would indicate that both forms may occur in the same situation. Deraeocoris grandis (Uhler) 1887 Camptobrochis grandis Uhler, Ent. Amer. ii, p. 230. Length 6.4-7 mm. Distinguished by the long rostrum which reaches upon the second segment of the venter; dorsum rather uniformly dark brown, median line of pronotal disk rather broadly but only slightly paler than behind the calli; legs pale, apical half of hind femora and the basal half of tibiae biannu- late with blackish. 6. Length 6.4 mm. Head: width 1.03 mm., vertex .49 mm., length .67 mm., in profile more pointed, the base of tylus less prominent than in borealis, otherwise very similar in structure; yellowish brown, spot each side of vertex, irregular spots each side of median line, two longitudinal lines and base and apex of tylus, above and below base of antenna, bucculae and to some extent on juga and lorae, dark brownish to black. Rostrum, length 2.97 mm., reach- ing upon second segment of the venter, yellowish brown, darker at base and apex. Antennae: segment I, length .52 mm., yellowish, becoming darker each side at base; II, 1.74 mm., yellowish, darkened on the apical one-third, scarcely equaling the thickness of segment I, tapering on basal one-third to slender at base, coarsely pubescent, a few exserted hairs nearly equal to twice the thick- ness of the segment; III, .72 mm., infuscated, yellowish toward base; IV, .51 mm., infuscated, slightly paler at base; the last two segments slender, several exserted hairs equal to twice the thickness of the segment. Deragocorts (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 127 Pronotum: length 1.42 mm., width at base 2.39 mm., anterior angles .97 mm.; collar .77 mm., dark brownish, opaque; disk moderately convex, coarsely black punctate, lateral margins slenderly carinate, slightly sulcate on the basal half, anterior angles narrow and rounding to the collar; calli slightly convex, smooth and shining, two punctures between at the median line, delimited behind by coarse punctures, black, yellowish brown just before on the median line; disk brownish to dark brown, usually slightly paler on the central area, the median line appearing broadly paler; propleura punctate, dark brownish, only slightly paler at the margins; xyphus nearly flat, fusco-brownish, coxal margins prom- inently carinate. Scutellum convex, smooth and shining, dark brown; basal angles, apex, median line on apical half, pale; mesoscutum dark brown, slightly paler at middle. Sternum dark brown to blackish, opaque except spot at dorsal margin of the meso- and meta-episterna; ostiolar peritreme pale, slightly infus- cated at the dorsal margin. Hemelytra: width 2.9 mm., structurally nearly as in borealis; brownish to dark brown, punctures black, paler parts as on embolium and small spot at base of corium stained with brownish. Cuneus pale and stained with brownish, apex and narrowly at base dark brownish, punctures black. Membrane uni- formly pale fumate on the apical half; brachium, within the cells and slightly invading the membrane posteriorly, blackish. Legs: legs pale, hind femora with two fuscous annulations on the apical half; tibiae banded with fuscous on the basal half, the middle and front pair distinctly annulated in darkest specimens; tarsi blackish at tips, claws stained with brownish, structure of the claws and arolia similar to borealis. Venter: dark brownish to black- ish, shining, clothed with rather long pale yellowish pubescence; genital claspers (fig. 9) distinc- tive of the species, the base of the left clasper prominent but not pro- : duced into a horn. grandis Uhl. 2. Length 6.8 mm., width 3.1 mm.; general coloration nearly Cc GW Fig. 9. Deraeocoris grandis, male genital : a‘ 3 eclaspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; ce, identical with the male, usually HRS GSS eS AER ES IS slightly larger in size; segment II, length 1.88 mm., slender, becoming gradually thicker from the base toward apex, not equaling the thickness of segment I, coarsely pale pubescent, a few hairs longer but scarcely equal to twice the thickness of the segment, yellowish, the apical one-fourth brownish black, the last two segments yellowish brown. Plestotype: ¢& July 14, Batavia, New York (H. H. Knight); compared with type; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the plesiotype. Specimens examined: NEW YORK,—¢ July 7, 104 69 July 14, 1¢ 12 July 31, Batavia; 2 July 16, Conesus Lake; ¢ June 30, Ithaca (H. H. Knight). 9? August, West Hebron. 2? June 19, 39 July 3, White Plains (Torre-Bueno). 14 12 July 24, Rockaway Beach, L.. Is. (C. E. Olsen), collected in washup. ILLINOIS,—¢ May, “III.” (C. A. Hart), MARYLAND,—1¢4 12 June 14, Beltsville (W. L. 128 EIGHTEENTH Report STatE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 McAtee). MASSACHUSETTS,—¢# July 18, Beach Bluff (H. M. Parshley). ONTARIO, CANADA,—3 “Grimsby” (J. Petit). In describing grandis, Uhler had under observation at least four different species and made allowance to cover all the forms he had seen of what he took to be merely variations. Nearly every species collected from the United States that is larger than nebulosus has at one time or another stood under that name. This condition doubtless resulted from the fact that in the past a hand lens furnished the only means of magnification for the study of specimens. Before the advent of the binocular microscope it was probably not even suspected that so many species of Deraeocoris could exist and yet be so similar in general appearance. The writer has recently received from the National Museum through the kindness of Mr. E. H. Gibson and later by assistance of Miss Emma Wells, all the specimens from the Uhler collection that stood under the name Camptobrochis grandis. There are nine speci- mens and one pin upon which the specimen has been destroyed. The writer finds this material to be composed of the following: Deraeocoris nienatus, 6 Auge 12; 1898, -Madisony INi Ws, 2) Wa Zaye) ale vescens (Reut.), ? May 8, Las Vegas, N. Mex. (Barber & Schwarz) ; D. nigritulus, 2, District of Columbia (Pergande) ; D. grandis (Uhler) 2 “Grimsby” Doubtless. Grimsby, "Ontano, ‘Can, ()- Pett) je no date but identification label and locality in Uhler’s handwriting; D. aphidiphagus n. sp., 2? July 15, 1893, Glen Echo, Md.; Lygus pratensis oblineatus (Say), ° June 6, 1892) “Banit Sp Alb”; Dy» barber n. sp.; 2 Aug. 13,. Las Vegas, N. Mex. (H..S.. Barber), labeled “Campto- brochis grandis var.”; D. borealis (Van D.), 2 Aug. 28, 1888, Mar- quette, Mich.; one pin with specimen destroyed, June 6, 1893, Glen Echo, Md. The composite species, grandis Uhler, was described early in 1887 and the material from which the description was drawn must have been collected not later than 1886. In the Uhler collection the only possibility for a type is the specimen from “Grimsby” Ontario, Can. (J. Petit) without date, and judging by the age of the name label, in Uhler’s handwriting, it must be the only specimen saved from those which served for the description of 1887. Since this specimen ap- pears to be the only possible choice it seems advisable to designate it as the type. In reality the species is distinguished in the original de- scription from the several closely related species, some of which were likewise included in the description, only by the long rostrum “reaching behind the posterior coxae,”’ and the large size. Several Derarocoris (HETEROPTERA, MiripAg) 129 species were regularly determined as grandis by Uhler as witnessed by ~ the above list found in the collection of that author. The writer’s de- terminations for grandis until 1920, when the type was recognized, refer to two species, either borealis Van D. or fasciolus new species. Lectotype: °, “Grimsby” [Ontario, Canada (J. Petit)]; Cat. No: 22084, U.S. N. M. The writer took all his specimens on hickory (Carya sp.), to which plant the species appears to be confined in its breeding habits. At Batavia, all the specimens were collected on young hickory trees, the first adult being taken on July 7, at which time several nymphs were found. The species is doubtless predaceous to a large extent as indi- cated by the fact that no injury to foliage was noted and specimens were not numerous on the most favorable growth of hickory. Speci- mens were scarce on July 31 and the disappearance of the species thereafter indicates that the winter season 1s passed only in the egg stage. Deraeocoris betulae new species Brown to dark brown or blackish, venter dark reddish brown to chestnut red; femora uniformly blackish on the apical half, tibiae triannulate with blackish. 6. Length 6.7 mm. Head: width 1.12 mm., vertex .54 mm., length .63 mm., tylus more prominent at base than in borealis; black, shining, in paler specimens the base of vertex, each side of front, spot at base of juga, paler; carina not evident, base of vertex delimited by a groove which separates it from the broadly exposed, black and shining collum. Rostrum, length 2.25 mm., reaching to near hind margins of the middle coxae, black, slightly paler at the joints. Antennae: segment I, length .55 mm., II, 1.77 mm., nearly cylindrical, about equal to segment I in thickness, more slender on the basal one-fourth and slightly so at apex, dusky pubescent, exserted hairs not equal to twice the thick- ness of segment; III, .77 mm.; IV, .54 mm.; black, base of segment III nar- rowly brownish, the last two segments slender, beset with fine pale hairs which in length are equal to more than twice the thickness of segment. Pronotum: length 1.48 mm., width at base 2.48 mm., anterior angles 1.03 mm.; collar .£8 mm., brownish black, opaque; disk moderately convex, shining, coarsely and somewhat longitudinally strigate-punctate, more finely punctate near the basal margin, lateral margins distinct, straight, slightly rounded at the anterior angles; brownish black to black, calli smooth, confluent, extending forward to the constriction; propleura more finely punctate than the disk, brownish black, paler at the lower margins; xyphus convex in front, depressed behind, margins carinate at the coxal margin, pale to brownish, or fuscous. Scutellum impunctate, convex and shining, dark brownish to black, basal angles and apex paler. Sternwm brownish black, opaque; ostiolar peritreme pale to brownish, becoming blackish at the dorsal margin. 130 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 Hemelytra: width 3.1 mm., structurally very similar to fasciolus; rather uniformly dark brownish or brownish black. Cuneus brownish black, punctures evident, slightly paler and translucent on the central area. Membrane strongly infuscated, a transverse pale area behind the areoles but usually interrupted at middle; the large fuscous spot occupying the apical half irregularly trans- verse at base, not so clearly rounded at the sides as in the case of fasciolus. Legs: black, apical half of coxae, trochanters, and bases of femora more or less pale; tibiae black, paler at knee, annulus at middle of basal half and a much broader one just beyond middle of tibiae, pale; tarsi black, the second segment and base of third frequently paler; claws brownish to blackish, arolia slender, translucent, bristle-like, nearly parallel but converging slightly at apices. Venter: dark reddish brown to chestnut red or mahogany and piceous, shin- ing, yellowish pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 10) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 7 mm., width 3.2 mm.; usually somewhat paler in color than the male; front of head largely brown but with black spots Fig. 10. Deraeocoris betulae, male genital claspers. a a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arm of left each side of the median clasper; c, right clasper, dorsal and lateral aspect. line Antennae: segment I black; II, 1.85 mm., slender, gradually enlarged toward apex, yellowish, the apical one-fourth black; the last two segments yellowish, darkened with fus- cous apically. Pronotum: rich brownish to dark brown, calli black, lateral margins of disk slightly sulcate. Scutellum brown, becoming blackish each side of the median line. Venter: dark reddish or reddish brown, shining, frequently blackish surrounding the spiracles and at base of ovipositor. Holotype: ¢ July 2, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: 204 219 taken with the types on Betula lutea; the large tree standing about forty feet up behind the Cornell University hydraulic laboratory. CONNECTI- CUT —8 July 2, New Haven (W. E. Britton). 2 July 4, South Meri- den (H. Johnson). MAINE,—? July 16, Wales (C. A. Frost). % July 24, 2 July 30, 2? Aug? 4, Peaks Island (G. A. Moore). 3¢ 19 August, Mt. Katahdin, alt. 3,000 ft. (H. G. Barber). MASSACHU- SETTS,—2é 12 July 18, Beach Bluff (H. M. Parshley). NEW HAMPSHIRE, Mount Washington; ¢, Franconia (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). NEW JERSEY,—® July 4, Hopatcong (H. G. Barber). 2 July 6, Newfoundland (Wm. T. Davis). NEW YORK,—¢ June 23, 46 22 June 30, 1¢ 19 July 2, Ithaca (H. H. Knight), on Acer spicatum. 22 12 June 26, 34 59 July 13, Ringwood, near Ithaca; 4¢ 52 July 3, McLean Bogs; 23 49 July 4, Four Mile (H. H. Knight), all on Betula lutea. @ June 9, 2 July 16, Staten Island; ¢ June 20, Derarocorts (HetTeRopTerA, MrrIpAe) 131 Roseville; 2? Hamilton County; ¢ July 9, Whiteface Mt. (Wm. T. Davis). 2 June 28, 54 62 July 2, ¢ July 8, White Plains (J. R: Tor- re-Bueno). ¢ June 20, Ft. Montgomery (F. M. Schott). PENN- SYLVANIA,—¢, Delaware Watergap (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Breeds chiefly on yellow birch, Betuia lutea, the types and a good series being taken from one large tree, mostly from among clus- ters of aphid-deformed leaves. Nymphs as well as adults were taken on mountain maple, Acer spicatuwm, on the south shore of Beebe Lake, but collecting on the same plant at other localities failed to pro- duce additional records. Caged specimens fed on sap of the host plant, altho observations made in the field point toward predaceous habits also. Description of the fifth nymphal stage: 9. Length 5.1 mm., greatest width 2.45 mm., more or less covered with a white, wax-like, flocculent material. Head: width 1.14 mm., vertex .65 mm., length .71 mm.; more flattened and eyes smaller than in the adult, vertex, front, and tylus beset with large stiff black bristles; pale testaceous and tinged with pink, eyes darkened. Rostrum, length 1.98 mm., reaching to middle of the hind coxae, pale, blackish apically. Antennae: segment I, length .4 mm.; II, 1.31 mm., more slender than seg- ment I, slightly thickened toward apex, rather sparsely beset with black bristles which in length are equal to twice the thickness of segment; III, .63 mm.; IV, .57 mm.; uniformly dusky or fuscous, the last two segments sparsely beset with hairs. Pronotum: length .83 mm., width at base 1.57 mm.; anterior angles 1.03 mm., nearly in contact with eyes, front margin sulcate; basal margin nearly straight, rounded at basal angles, lateral margins distinct, nearly straight; disk slightly convex, sparsely beset with coarse black bristles, more prominent at anterior angles; propleura nearly vertical, coxal cleft prominent, xyphus convex, margins ecarinate; testaceous or dusky, darker on disk, the median line paler and continued upon the mesonotum. Mesonotum and wing-pads dusky, the latter darker toward apices, both pairs reaching to base of third tergite, sparsely beset with black bristles, larger at the lateral margins. Legs: pale to reddish brown; femora reddish brown to blackish on the apical half, dusky or paler toward the base, dorsal surface beset with several stiff bristles; tibiae reddish brown to blackish, darkest specimens with an indis- tinct pale annulus on apical half, anterior surface with two rows or series of stiff bristles; tarsi two-segmented, blackish, claws blackish, arolia similar to those of the adult. Abdomen: distinctly pink, paler at the margins, ten segments visible from the dorsal aspect, sparsely beset with bristles ranged in rows; third tergite with a dark median spot which also invades slightly the fourth tergite, darkest color inclosing two pore-like spots situated at the suture between the tergites; a row of dark spots situated each side on the submarginal area, a spot at the anterior margin of each tergite and becoming progressively larger distally ; eight sternites visible, a spiracle situated each side in the sublateral area of the first seven; last two sternites infuscated along the median line, a longi- tudinal suture visible which is more evident on the last segment and appears 132 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 somewhat cleft at apex. In the male nymph the tip of the genital segment is less symmetrical, not cleft, the tip twisting slightly to one side and usually ex- posing a small chitinous blade, evidently the beginning of the left genital clasper. Deraeocoris alnicola new species General aspect very suggestive of borealis but distinguished by the genital claspers, prominent exserted hairs on antennae, and by paler infuscation of the membrane which does not form a distinctly rounded spot on the apical half. é. Length 65 mm. Head: width 1.08 mm., vertex .46 mm., length .57 mm.; structurally as in borealis; black, vertex, more or less each side of front, sides on basal half of tylus, gula, genae except spot beneath antenna, bucculae, lower margin of lorae, and narrow tip of tylus, pale to yellowish. Rostrum, length 2.17 mm., reaching to near posterior margins of middle coxae, yel- lowish brown, becoming piceous toward apex. Antennae: segment I, length .45 mm., black; II, 1.6 mm., black, pale on the basal one-fifth, pale pubescent, exserted hairs long, some equal to three times thickness of segment; III, .63 mm., blackish, paler at base; IV, 48 mm., blackish. Pronotum: length 1.42 mm., width at base 2.28 mm., anterior angles .97 mm., collar .74 mm.; calli black, invaded by pale at the antero-lateral angles each side of a black lunate mark which extends to anterior angle of disk; a broad widening piceous or black ray behind each callus, usually extending to basal margin of disk, the median line and basal margin narrowly, and the lateral margins more broadly, pale; propleura not so closely punctate as in borealis, yellowish brown, blackish surrounding top of coxal cleft. Scutellum impunc- tate, pale, a piceous vitta beginning at base and extending each side of median line to near apex. Sternum opaque, brownish black, paler at median line and margins; pleura dark brownish, paler at margins, basalar plate yellowish; ostiolar peritreme pale, darkened with brownish above. Hemelytra: width 2.77 mm., structurally as in borealis but more broadly piceous on corium and apical half of embolium. Cuneus pale, punctures evident but blackish only at base, apex more broadly black than in borealis. Membrane pale, the apical half infuscated but not heavily so, the infuscation not rounded at sides but rather transverse at’ base, leaving an irregular transverse paler streak across middle of membrane; apical half of areoles and veins infuscated, a distinctly darker mark paralleling the brachium at, apex of larger areole. Legs: pale testaceous, apical half of femora blackish, forming two paler bands near apex; tibiae triannulate with blackish, in pale forms the apices yaler; tarsi, claws and arolia as in borealis. : sie I 3 : Venter: piceous, shining, pale yellowish pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 11) distinctive of the species, the left clasper with a prominent horn at base. 9. Length 6.5 mm., width 29 mm.; general coloration al/nicola similar to the male but slight- Fig. 11. Deraeocoris alnicola, male genital ly paler, usually with less claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, inter- piceous on the hemelytra, scu- ] sc; h ] is ll ] pape of left clasper; c, right clasper, latera tellum, and=front ot head: seg- Deragocoris (HeETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 133 ment II, length 1.62 mm., slender, slightly thicker at apex, beset with prominent exserted hairs which in length are equal to three times thickness of segment, yellowish, usually darker at apex and sometimes slightly dusky near base; segment I paler at apex while the last two segments are paler than in the male; venter reddish to brownish and rarely with some piceous; apices of tibiae usually paler than in the male. Holotype: ¢ July 3, McLean, New York (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: 304 288, taken with the types on alders, Alnus incana, growing along the stream which flows out from the bogs. CONNECTICUT,—2¢ 32 June 19, Wallingford (J. D. Caffrey). ¢ June 20, New Haven (B. H. Wal- den), 2 July 2, New Haven (W.E. Britton). 1¢ 12 July 3, Stoning- ton (I. W. Davis). NEW YORK,—¢ 22 June 24, 29 July 5, Batavia; 22 june 27, Portage; 9° July 27, McLean (H. H: Knight). 2¢ June 24, 23 22 June 30, ¢ July 2, 2 July 6, 26 62 July 7, White Plains (J. R. Torre-Bueno). ONTARIO, CANADA,—3¢ July 1, Ottawa (H. G. Crawford). ¢ June 19, Hastings County (Evans). The writer found this species only on alders, Alnus incana, but not in the same situations with borealis. On one occasion an adult bug was discovered feeding on a small adult Fulgorid, Lamenia vul- garis Fitch. Aphids and Psyllids were very abundant on the alders where alnicola was taken and both nymphs and adults doubtless feed to a considerable extent on these small insects. Deraeocoris shastan new species General aspect very similar to alnicola but the median line of pronotal disk not clearly defined with pale, disk more closely and finely punctate, abruptly convex at lateral margins, bucculae black while the juga are chiefly pale. 9. Length 6.5 mm. Head: width 1.11 mm., vertex 55 mm., length .63 mm.; nearly as in alnicola, but genae broader and more tumid, front and vertex slightly more convex; pale to yellowish, black bars and spots each side of median line of front, black on the impressed spot at each side of vertex; base and two vittae on basal half of tylus, bucculae, dorsal margin of lorae, beneath base of antenna and more or less at apex of tylus, blackish, juga pale or only slightly dusky on its convexity. Rostrum, length 2.28 mm., reaching to near hind margins of middle coxae, yellowish brown, apex piceous; basal segment just attaining base of head, a black line each side of the suture. Antennae: segment I, length .5 mm., brownish to fuscous; II, 1.48 mm., slender at base, tapering gradually to thicker at apex but not equaling the thickness of segment I, beset with several exserted pale hairs, the length of some equal to three times thickness of segment, fusco-brownish, slightly paler at extreme tip; III, 63 mm.; IV, .49 mm.; last two segments brownish to black. Pronotum: length 1.4 mm., width at base 2.31 mm., anterior angles 1.11 mm., collar .85 mm.; lateral margins slenderly carinate, slightly sulcate, disk 134 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 abruptly convex from the lateral margin, central area somewhat flattened; disk more finely and closely punctate than in alnicola; calli convex, black, also a lunate mark which extends to anterior angle of disk, brownish black to black behind the calli; brownish on the central area of disk but the median line is not emphasized, lateral margins broadly pale; propleura pale, a blackish spot behind the coxal cleft on the lower half; xyphus yellowish, blackish each side behind the collar. Scutellum convex, smooth, somewhat depressed at middle of base, brownish black, basal angles and median line except at base pale. Sternum opaque, brownish black, the median line and margins paler; pleura dark brownish to blackish, paler at margins and on basalar plate; ostiolar peritreme pale, invaded with blackish above. Hemelytra: width 2.9 mm., lateral margins more distinctly arcuate than in alnicola; black punctate, clavus brownish to blackish, darker at apex and bor- dering claval suture on basal half; embolium and lateral margin of corium except apex pale, broadly at apex and more or less connected with spot at middle of corium blackish. Cuneus pale, inner basal angle and the apex black- ish. Membrane pale, brachium dark brownish, stained with fuliginous at either side, per- haps the apical half somewhat C fuliginous in the male or dark- est specimens. Legs: not differing appre- shaslan ciably from those of alnicola. Rig. -12- Deraeocoris shastan, male _ genital V enter: brownish with black- claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, inter- : ¥ 5 : nal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasper, lateral ish, bordering the ovipositor aspect. and sutures of the genital seg- ments, and surrounding the spiracles, blackish. Holotype: 2 May 28, Siskiyou County, California (F. W. Nu- nenmacher) ; author’s collection. Allotype: May 20, 1920, Bryson, Monterey County, California (E. P. Van Duzee). This species is named after the Shastan Indians, a tribe that in- habited northern California. The male specimen was received too late to serve for the description. It is slightly:smaller than the female but very similar in coloration; genital claspers (fig. 12) distinctive of the species. Deraeocoris aphidiphagus new species 1909 +Camptobrochis grandis Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, p. 56. Fusco-grayish to blackish, the paler and translucent parts not stained with brownish, apical half of membrane infuscated, tibiae triannulate with blackish; left genital clasper having a long horn at the dorsal margin; structurally as in borealis unless otherwise described. é. Length 5.9 mm. Head: width 1.08 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .57 mm.; pale, large spot each side of vertex, four or five transverse marks form- ing an arc each side of median line and sometimes meeting in front of ver- Derarocoris (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 135 tex, triangular spot at base and two longitudinal lines and apex of tylus, above and below base of antenna, gula, bucculae, dorsal margin of lorae, and some- “what on juga, fuscous to black. Rostrum, length 2.15 mm., scarcely attaining the posterior margins of the middle coxae, yellowish brown, darker at apex, basal segment blackish each side at middle. Antennae: segment I, length 48 mm.; II, 1.48 mm., slender at base and gradually thickened toward apex, equaling the thickness of segment I, pale pubescent, length of longest hairs not equal to more than thickness of segment on apical half; III, .63 mm.; IV, .45 mm.; all the segments fuscous to blackish, segment III paler at base. Pronotum: length 1.42 mm., width at base 2.39 mm., anterior angles 1 mm., collar .8 mm.; disk more closely punctate than in borealis or fasciolus, punc- tures delimiting posterior margins of calli more or less confluent, lateral margins sléenderly carinate and perceptibly sulcate; calli slightly convex, sepa- rated by two closely set punctures at the median line, black, a lunate mark at the antero-lateral angles; grayish testaceous and more or less darkened with fuscous and black, the median line and the sublateral area of disk usually slightly paler; propleura blackish, dorsal, posterior and ventral margins more or less pale; xyphus pale to blackish. Scutellum smooth, convex and shining, brownish black, basal angles, apex, and median line pale. Sternum opaque, black, basalar plate yellowish to brown; ostiolar peritreme pale, becoming black- ish above. Hemelytra: width 2.9 mm., lateral margins very slightly arcuate; grayish translucent and darkened with fuscous and blackish, clavus darker along the sutures and at apex; embolium except at apex, spot at base of corium and bordering the embolium except at apex, pale translucent; spot at middle and more or less broadly on the outer apical area of corium piceous or black, punctures black. Cuneus pale translucent, punctures and apex black. Mem- brane pale fumate, apical half usually distinctly infuscated, brachium and more or less invading the membrane each side, fuscous. Legs: pale, femora biannulate with fuscous or blackish on the apical half, frequently obsolete on the front pair; tibiae triannulate with fuscous or black- ish, the apical annulus usually paler; tarsi pale to brownish, infuscated on apices; claws brownish translucent, arolia typical of the group. Venter: black, shining, some- times with brownish near lateral margins, pale or yellowish pubes- ES, cent; genital claspers (fig. 13) distinctive of the species, the long horn at the dorsal margin of the iE b left clasper taken in combination with the comparatively slender in- ternal arm is quite different from aphidiphaqus any other known species. Fig. 13. Deraeocoris aphidiphagus, male geni- ?. Length el mm., width 2 tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- mm., very similar to the male in ternal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasper, lat- 3 Eealeineck. structure and coloration; segment II, length 1.51 mm., slender, grad- ually thickened toward apex, scarcely equal to thickness of segment I, pale ~ Ss z. S XN XN \ ~ 136 EIGHTEENTH Report StatE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 pubescent, the longest hairs equal to little more than thickness of segment. Holotype: 3 July 24, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: ARKAN- SAS,—2é 22 May 27, Fayetteville (G. G. Becker). 26 29 May 15, 2é 1? May 20, Siloam Springs. COLORADO,Y48 July 3, Fort Col- lins. CONNECTICUT,—8 June 13, Wallingford (J. K. Lewis). DIS- TRICT OF COLUMBIA,— 3? May 30, 1879, 3 June, 1885, Wash- ington, “preying upon Schizoneura americana’ (T. Pergande). ? June 10, Washington (O. Heidemann). 9 June 25, Washington (Wm. T. Davis). ¢ July 6, Washington (W. L. McAtee). ILLINOIS,— 33 12 July 2, Willow Springs, (W. J. Gerhard). $% June 6, Anger- valle Cf) RR. Malloch). 26% sINedll? CA. Bolter 2nd) June Lon 1835; Urbana (C. A. Hart). MAINE,—2? July 1, 2 July 11, Orono (E. M. Patch). 2 August, Mt. Katahdin: ‘alt.: 4,300 ft. (H. G. Barber). MARYLAND,—2¢é 32 July 15, 2 Aug. 10, Glen Echo; 2 June 15, Plummer’s Island (O. Heidemann). 2 June 10, Great Falls (F. Knab). ? June 4, Plummer’s Island (W. L. McAtee). MICHIGAN,—2¢ 39 June 28, 12 July 1, Berrien County; ¢ June 18, Ann Arbor (R. F. Hussey). 2% August, Marquette. MINNESOTA,—14é 20? June 29, Twin Lake, Martin County; ¢ July 13, St. Anthony Park (H. H. Knight). 2 july (2, Malle Lacs County (VR. Haber)s> 6 32 July 10; Rush Lake, St. Louis County (W. A. Riley). NEW HAMPSHIRE, —52, Fabyan. NEW YORK,—<3 39 June 16, ¢ July 23, 2 July 24, igo 19 july 26,09 July.30; Ithaca; ¢ -June-17,,2.¢° July 722 julyalz 46 32 July 14, 2 July 27, Batavia; ¢July 16, Conesus Lake; 2? July 2/;* Mclean; ¢ July 27, Portageville (BH. Hs Knight). 6. july 14, Lancaster (i. P."Vian Duzee). 2 July 14. Whites Plainsa(}j. Raalorre- Bueno). OHIO,—2¢é 12 June 21, Mercer County (R. F. Hussey). NORTH DAKOTA,—# July 14, Kidder County (A. A. Nichol). SOUTH DAKOTA,—6¢ 48 June 30, ? July 11, 2 July 13, ¢ July 15, Brookings (H. C. Severin). VIRGINIA,—1¢ 12 June 6, 2 June 27, Mount: Vernon CW: I... MicAtee). -2' May 30)" Glen ‘Carlyn. (Dee Clemens). ¢ July 7, Rosslyn (O. Heidemann). CANADA: ON- TARIO,—¢ June 24, Trenton (Evans). ¢ July 6, Ottawa (J. Fletcher). NOVA SCOTIA,—2¢ 19% July 31, Truro (E. C. Allen). QUEBEC,—8 July 13, Bord-a-Plouffe (G. A. Moore). The writer has found this species breeding only on the elm (Ulmus) and in the curled leaves infested with Schizoneura americana Riley. Both nymphs and adults feed on the aphids and their honey- dew excretions. The nymphs are coated with a white, wax-lke mate- rial similar to that which covers the aphids, and in the early stages at Derarocoris (HETEROPTERA, MiRIDAE) 137 least are rather inconspicuous, as they live among the aphids and their excretionary products. The eggs are doubtless deposited during July in the twigs or buds, where they pass the winter, and upon hatch- ing in the spring the young nymphs seek out the aphid-infested leaves very soon after the leaves are curled. In the writer’s experience aphidiphagus was found closely associated only with Schizoneura amer- icana but extended observations may show that other elm aphids are fed upon when the preferred species is not to be had. Mr. Van Duzee writes that this species is the form which Reuter (1909) took to be Camptobrochis grandis Uhler and that he also has looked upon aphidiphagus as representing that species. The writer would call attention to the fact that until the present time the refer- ences to grandis Uhler refer to a group of species, as witnessed by numerous determinations examined, and should be accepted only with this in mind. Deraeocoris triannulipes new species Closely related to aphidiphagus but darker colored and the paler parts stained with brownish; genital claspers distinctive, the internal arm of the left clasper very different from that in aphidiphagus. 6. Length 6.4 mm. Head: width 1.06 mm., vertex .54 mm., length .62 mm.; very similar to aphidiphagus but more broadly blackish at base of tylus and lower part of front, also blackish along front margin of eyes. ostrum, length 1.99 mm., reaching to middle of intermediate coxae, yellowish brown, darker at apex. Antennae: segment I, length 45 mm., fuscous to blackish; II, 1.51 mm., more slender on the basal half, the apical half scarcely equaling the thickness of segment I, pale pubescent, the length of a few exserted hairs slightly ex- ceeding the thickness of segment, brownish black, paler on the basal one-third ; Ill, .68 mm.; IV, .6 mm.; last two segments slender, brownish black, segment III paler at base. Pronotum: length 1.34 mm., width at base 2.42 mm., anterior angles 1.03 mm., collar .8 mm.; uniformly brownish black, basal and lateral margins slen- derly pale, brownish at the median line before the calli; xyphus and lower margins of propleura pale, fuscous mark each side at anterior angles of xyphus. Scutellum brownish black, basal angles, apex and a slight indication on median line pale; mesoscutum dark brownish. Stermum and pleura dark brownish black, basalar plate slightly paler; ostiolar peritreme pale, slightly darkened at dorsal margin. Hemelytra: width 2.85 mm., nearly as in aphidiphagus; brownish black, basal half of embolium, spot at base of corium, and more or less on clavus, pale brownish translucent, the paler parts distinctly stained with brownish. Cuneus brownish black, more or less pale translucent at middle, the punctures dark. Membrane pale brownish or fumate, veins slightly darker, basal half of the larger areole and a spot at each side by apex of cuneus paler. 138 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOoTA—1920 Legs: pale, femora more or less brownish black on the apical half, a pale band just before apex but interrupted on the anterior face, the basal half with - a linear series of fuscous spots, ee —— ae - =k SEE 3 the anterior pair more broadly pale; tibiae triannulate with brownish black, also with a spot at knee; tarsi yellowish brown, darker at apices, claws and arolia a typical of the group. Venter: black or brownish Fig. 14. Deraeocoris triannulipes, male geni- black, pale pubescent; genital tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, claspers (fig. 14) distinctive of internal arm of left clasper; e¢, right clasper, | : lateral aspect. the species. Holotype: ¢ Aug. 2, Rico, Colorado (E. D. Ball); author’s col- lection. Paratype: ¢ Aug. 8, Husavick, Manitoba (Coates) ; collec- tion or 4. P..Van. Duzee: Deraeocoris quercicola new species Darker colored than nitenatus, fuscous to blackish, calli black, apical half of membrane fumate, rarely so pale as in nitenatus; left genital clasper with a long dorsal horn which is very distinctive when taken in consideration with the form of the internal arm. é. Length 5.5 mm. Head: width .98 mm., vertex 45 mm., length .57 mm., structurally nearly as in borealis; pale to yellowish, collum, spot each side of vertex, arc each side of front composed of transverse bars and _ practically joining above, above and below base of antenna, geminate mark on tylus with spot at base and slightly at apex, bucculae and more or less on juga and lorae, black or brownish black. Rostrum, length 1.98 mm., attaining posterior mar- gins of middle coxae, pale to brownish, darker at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .46 mm., pale, darkened slightly with fuscous on basal half; II, 1.54 mm., nearly cylindrical, about equal to segment I in thickness, more slender on the basal one-fifth and very slightly so at tip, brown- ish, paler at base and brownish black on the apical one-fourth, pale pubescent, length of a few exserted hairs exceeding thickness of segment; III, .65 mm.; IV, 48 mm.; last two segments yellowish brown, becoming infuscated apically. Pronotum: length 1.2 mm., width at base 1.99 mm., anterior angles .91 mm., collar .68 mm.; disk rather uniformly black punctate, lateral margins distinct, slenderly carinate, perceptibly sulcate, anterior angles slightly rounded; brownish black, frequently rather broadly paler along median line and on the lateral submarginal area; calli slightly convex, smooth and shining, black, pale just before but the dark color extending from the antero-lateral angles to front margin of disk, separated at base by a pair of punctures at median line; pro- pleura brownish black, lower margin paler; xyphus convex anteriorly, pale, disk darkened with brownish or fuscous. Scutellum convex, smooth and _ shin- ing, basal angles, apex and frequently the median line pale. Sternum and pleura brownish black, opaque, basalar plate more brownish; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.4 mm., black punctate, moderately convex, lateral mar- Deracocoris (HETEROPTERA, MiIrRIDAE) 139 gins slightly sinuate; brownish black to piceous, darkest at middle and on outer apical half of corium; embolium except apically, spot at base and inner apical angles of corium, and clavus largely, pale brownish,translucent. Cuneus pale translucent, punctures black, apex broadly blackish. Membrane pale to fumate, shghtly paler bordering tip of cuneus, veins brownish to fuscous, the dark color invading the membrane slightly at each side. Legs: pale, hind femora with two blackish marks on the dorsal surface near apices; tibiae devoid of infuscations; tarsi infuscated at tips, claws and arolia typical of the group. Venter: brownish black, shining, pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 15) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 5.8 mm., width 2.82 min., very similar to the male but slightly more robust, usually paler in color; calli black, disk of pro- notum usually more brownish than gue VEIG olg blackish ; scutellum sometimes only Fig. 15. Deraeocoris quercicola, male genital brownish but typically with a elaspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- ; 8 eee z . ternal arm of left clasper; ¢, right clasper, lateral blackish vitta each side of median aspect. line; corium dark brownish to piceous on the middle and outer apical area; segment IT, length 1.57 mm., slender, gradually thickened toward apex, pale or yellowish, becoming brownish at apex ; femora frequently with only a brown mark on apical half. Holotype: ¢ July 16, Conesus Lake, New York (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: 84 59, taken with the types on Quercus alba. COLORADO,—¢ June 30, Fort Collins; 2 July 19, Colorado Springs (E. D. Ball). CONNECTI- CUii= 26> july’ Ss. New Haven. <6 July, East River (Co Ro Ely); DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,—? June 22, Washington (Wm. T. Davis). 2 July. 2; Washington (©. Heidemann). GEORGIA —Ié 1e@layton, ale s.000htt. (Wim 1. Davis) IMLLINOIS 3) june 3; ? June 8, 2 July 9, Chicago; ¢ June 19, Glen Ellyn; ¢ June 24, Wil- low Springs (W. J. Gerhard). ¢ June 12, ¢ June 15, Champaign (Ge AnsHart)a) 2 july 6; Elizabeth (J. R. Malloch): INDIANA ° June 9, Harrison County (H. F. Dietz). KANSAS,—¢ June, Law- rence (E. S. Tucker). MASSACHUSETTS,—¢ June 30, Arlington (G. W. Barber). June 26, Newton. é July 16, Beach Bluff, 2 July 28, Pigeon Cove (C. E. Olsen). ¢ July 18, Beach Bluff (H. M. Parsh- ley). MICHIGAN,—33, “Mich.” (Uhler collection). MINNESOTA, —é6? June 29, Twin Lake, Martin County (H. H. Knight). NEW JERSEY,— July 25, Bear Swamp, Ramapo Mts. (Wm. T. Davis). 2 July 4, Hopatcong; 2 July 20, 72 July 25, ? July 27, Bear Swamp, Ramapo Mts. (H. G. Barber). NEW YORK,—1é 19 July 4, 24 Julyt>) Batavia; 2¢eJuly 4, Four Mile; ¢ June 21,56, 2 JunewZz 140 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MinneEsota—1920 Portageville; 23 June 19, 2 July 2, 2 July 23, Ithaca (H. H. Knight). 1é 1% July 11, Massapegua, Long Island; ? July 7, Roseville; 2 June 21, Richmond; ? July 1, 2 July 5, 2 July 25, Staten Island; 28 Tune 19, 2? June 20, Pine Island (Wm. T. Davis). 2é July 2, 42 July 6, 22 July 18, White Plains (J. R. Torre-Bueno). 16 29 July 4, Bay- snore; 1é 3? July 4, Yaphank (C. E. Olsen). NORTH CAROLINA, —? June 25, Black Mts. (Beutenmuller). NEW MEXICO,2é 19 July 12, 36 2% Aug. 1, Jemez Springs, alt. 6,400 ft. (J. Woodgate). PENNSYLVANIA,—2¢é 12 Delaware Watergap (Mrs. A. T. Slos- son). %, Jeannette (H. G. Klages). WISCONSIN,—1é 19 June 23, Beaver Dam (W. E. Snyder). CANADA: ONTARIO,—é “Grims- by” (J. Petit). QUEBEC,— July 13, Bord-a-Plouffe (G. A. Moore). Deraeocoris quercicola pallens new variety $9. Structurally nearly identical with the typical guercicola but differs in color characteristics as follows: front of head pale or with the dark spots much reduced; calli frequently with pale on the disk of each, pronotal disk rather uniformly colored; scutellum pale, rarely with some blackish each side of the median line; hemelytra pale to yellowish, corium with a spot at middle, small one at base, and irregularly at apex, blackish. Holotype: ¢& Aug. 12, Batavia, New York (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: 2é 7? taken with the types on Quercus macrocarpa. COLORADO,— ?July 19, Colorado Springs (E. D. Ball). MINNESOTA,—3é6 59 June 18, 2¢ 32 June 21, 42 Aug. 11, St. Anthony Park; 2? July 20, Gray Cloud Island; ¢ 6? Twin Lake, Martin Co. (H. H. Knight). NEW MEXICO,—32 Aug. 1, Jemez Springs (J. Woodgate). NEW YORK,—¢ July, 1886, Buffalo (E. P. Van Duzee). 4 49 July 4, 39 July 12, ¢ July 13; 3 39 July 14, Batavia (HH. Knight). Apparently only a color variety of quercicola but one which the writer has found rather consistently on Quercus macrocarpa. The color pattern is fixed shortly after the adult emerges and is retained throughout the life of the insect. Tenerel forms of the typical species pass through the color stage represented by pallens but when allowed to live, the darker colors are developed and fixed within a few hours after emergence. Deraeocoris davisi new species Slightly smaller than nitenatus, uniformly brownish black, legs and anten- nae chiefly pale; genital claspers very distinctive, nearest to quercicola but the internal arm of the left clasper more highly developed. Derarocoris (HeETERopTERA, MirIDAE) 141 6. Length 5.3 mm. Head: width 1.01 mm., vertex 43 mm., length .54 mm.; brown and marked with brownish black, dark markings similar to those of quercicola except that the blackish color each side of front is not broken into transverse bars. Rostrum, length 1.92 mm., nearly attaining the posterior margins of middle coxae, yellowish brown, darker at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .45 mm., yellowish, darker on ventral side of basal half; II, 1.37 mm., equal in thickness to segment I, slender at base, taper- ing slightly at apex, pale pubescent, length of exserted hairs exceeding thick- ness of segment, yellowish, becoming brown on the middle one-third; III, .54 mm., yellowish, fuscous toward apex; IV, .43 mm., fuscous. Pronotum: length 1.22 mm., width at base 2.11 mm., anterior angles .94 mm., collar .73 mm., brownish black, opaque; disk closely punctate, more coarsely behind the calli, lateral margins slenderly carinate, nearly straight, anterior angles gently rounded; uniformly brownish black, calli and anterior portion slightly darker, slender basal margin slightly pale; propleura with ventral and posterior margins paler, xyphus yellowish. Scutellum convex, smooth and shining, deep brownish black, small spot at tip and narrowly at basal angles, yellowish brown. Sternum dark brownish to blackish, paler at the median line; ostiolar peritreme pale to yellowish. Hemelytra: width 2.51 mm., structurally as in mnitenatus; brownish black, basal half of embolium and a small spot near base of corium brownish trans- luscent. Cuneus dark brownish, brownish translucent across the middle. Mem- brane nearly as in nitenatus, the apical half sometimes very faintly and uni- formly stained with brownish, Se veins and areoles darkened with brownish. Legs: pale or yellowish, the hind femora marked on the apical half C with an incomplete band as in nitenatus; tarsi slightly brownish at apices. Venter: brownish black to Fig. 16. Deraeocoris davisi, male genital clasp- piceous, pale yellowish pubescent ; ers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal i z é se arm of left clasper; ¢c, right clasper, lateral as- genital claspers (fig. 16) NASH dis pect. tinctive of the species. ao OO ae, davis Holotype: & June 22, Staten Island, New York (Wm. T. Davis) ; authors collection. Paraiypes: -d< June 18; ¢ June 22, 6 June 23) Staten Island, New York (Wm. T. Davis). 4 May 11, Spring Hill, Alabama CE: Ps Toding ). Deraeccoris nitenatus new name 1909 Camptobrochis (Euarmosus) nitens Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, p. 56. (name preoccupied ) 1910 Camptobrochis nitens Banks, Cat. Nearc. Hem. Het., p. 43. 1916 Camptobrochis grandis var. nitens Van Duzee, Check List Hemip., p. 41. 142 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENtToMotocist oF Minnesota—1920 1917 Camptobrochis grandis nitens Parshley, Occas. Papers Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vii, Faun. N. Eng., 14, p. 93. 1917 Camptobrochys grandis var. nitens Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 356. General aspect very similar to quercicola but differs as follows: more highly polished, calli black around the margins only, dorsum rich brownish to dark brownish and piceous, frequently brownish on scutellum but rarely blackish each side of median line; brachium and apices of the areoles dark fuscous while the apical half of membrane is practically clear; male genital claspers very distinctive. 4. Length 5.7 mm. Head: width 1.01 mm., vertex 45 mm., length .57 mm.; tylus slightly more prominent but the infuscations are nearly identical with quercicola. Rostrum, length 1.94 mm., nearly attaining posterior mar- gins of middle coxae, pale yellowish, piceous at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .48 mm., yellowish, irregularly infuscated on basal half; II, 1.45 mm., yellowish, darkened at apex; III, .68 mm.; IV, .56 mm., comparatively longer than in quercicola; last two segments yellowish to fuscous. Pronotum: length 1.28 mm., width at base 2.2 mm., anterior angles .88 mm., collar .71 mm.; disk more coarsely punctate on the basal half, dark brownish to piceous, darker on the basal half either side of the median line; calli slightly convex, piceous on the front and hind margins, the disk of each paler and connected at the latero-anterior angles with the pale color just in front; propleura closely punctate, yellowish brown, blackish and opaque sur- rounding the coxal cleft; xyphus pale to brownish. Scutellum strongly con- vex, polished, pale, frequently becoming reddish or brownish each side of the median line, very rarely with blackish. Sternwm and pleura brownish black, opaque; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.04 mm., structurally as in quercicola; apical half of corium and invading the embolium piceous, the clavus and a spot each side of apex on the corium, basal half of embolium, spot near base of corium, pale to brownish translucent. Cuneus pale translucent, punctures black, yellowish brown at apex and becoming fuscous at the inner margin where the brachium joins. Membrane clear or practically so, brachium and apices of the areoles dark fuscous; apical half of membrane distinctly clearer than in quercicola. Legs: pale, hind femora with a brownish black mark on the anterior face of apical half, sometimes indicated on the middle pair; tips of tarsi fuscous, claws brownish translucent, arolia typical of the group. Venter: brownish to reddish brown and_ piceous, shining, finely pale yellowish pubescent ; genital claspers (fig. 17) dis- = tinctive of the species. € 9. Length 6 mm., width 2.9 YT i mm., very similar to the male NHENAIUS but usually more robust; seg- : ; : ; ment II, length 1.51 mm., slen- Fig. 17. Deraeocoris nitenatus, male genital Y 8g se claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- der, slightly enlarged on the ternal arm of left clasper; c, right clasper, lateral | -. 1 | n Fol panes apical one-fourth, yellowish, DerraAgcocoris (HETEROPTERA, MirrIpAE) 143 becoming brownish at apex, exserted hairs prominent, in length equal to more than twice greatest thickness of segment. Plestotypes: 4 July 22, Cold Spring Harbor, New York; 2 Sept. 27, Northampton, Mass. (H. M. Parshley); compared with type; author’s collection. Lectotype: & June 25, 1904, Washington, D. C. (O. Heidemann) ; Cat. No. 24169 U.S. N. M. This specimen bears a Reuter label “Camptobrochis n. sp.” and is the second specimen men- tioned under the original description. Specimens examined: CON- NECTICUT,—¢ Aug. 14, New Haven (W. E. Britton). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,—¢ May 11, 22 June 28, 36 42 June 30,24 19 July 8, 32 July 20, 1¢é 12 Aug. 2, Washington (O. Heidemann). Hel NOIS,—¢ July 24, Galesburg (Stromberg). MARYLAND,—22 June 15, Beltsville (W.-L. McAtee). & Aug. 3, Forest Glen; $2 Hen- som =Creek (©, Ereidemann). —? Sept. 2). Plummer’s Island (Ht & Viereck). MASSACHUSETTS,—8 Sept. 15, Blue Hills; ¢ Sept.-17, Forest Hills; 1¢ 12 Sept. 7, Saugus (H..M. Parshley). ¢ July*29, Pigeon Gove (C. E. Olsen). 22 Aug. 20, Farmington (C. A. Frost) 8 July 30, Auburndale. 26 Aug. 5, Brookline. ? Sept. 5, Wood’s Hole. MINNESOTA,—2¢ July 20, Gray Cloud Island; 1¢ 192 July 29, St. Paul, predaceous on Schizoneura lanigera, which makes a rosette gall of elm leaves; 46 82 Aug. 5, St. Anthony Park, on Quercus macro- carpa (H. H. Knight). NEW JERSEY,—¢?2 July 27, Bear Swamp, Ramapo Mts. (H. G. Barber). NEW YORK,—é¢ July 22, 3 July 26.26 July.Z9,2¢ Aug: 4, Cold Spring Harbor. (H: Me: Parshley jr $ July 24, ¢ July 29, Ithaca (H. H. Knight). ¢ July 27, Aqueduct : 2 July 23, 1¢ 12 Aug. 1, 2 Aug. 3, 2 Aug. 12, Staten Island (Wm. T. Davis). % July 31, Bayshore; ¢ July 18, 2 Aug. 1, Maspeth; 2? Aug. 7 sRoslyi;so 22 july 23, Staten: Island. (CE; Olsen). a) July 18532 July 27,23 12 Aug. 14, White Plains (J. R. Torre-Bueno). % July 14, Lancaster (E. P. Van Duzee). NORTH CAROLINA,—¢ June 25, Black Mts. (Beutenmuller). PENNSYLVANIA,— Sept. 8, Central (Wm. T. Davis). ¢ July 5, Harrisburg. % Aug. 6, Twin Lakes (C. I. Pollard). ¢, Delaware Watergap: (Mrs. A: T. Slosson). ViIR= GINIA,— July 30, Great Falls (H. G. Barber). CANADA: QUE- BEC—°¢? Aug. 10, Lachine (G. A. Moore). The writer found this species to be predaceous on Schizoneura lanigera (of Patch) which makes a rosette gall of elm leaves. It was, however, never found in company with D. aphidiphagus which devel- ops with and is predaceous upon Schizoneura americana Riley. Mr. C. E, Olsen states that he also has observed nitenatus to be predaceous on elm aphids which formed a rosette gall. Specimens were taken 144 EIGHTEENTH Report StaTE ENTOMOLOGIST oF MrInNESoTA—1920 August 5 by beating the limbs of Quercus macrocarpa, and the isolated occurrence suggests that nitenatus is predaceous upon plant lice or other small soft-bodied insects on that tree. Dr. H. M. Parshley col- lected adults from among the nymphs of Corythucha associata O. & D. on wild cherry, but the true relationship between the forms was not determined. Deraeocoris fulvus new species Smaller than nitenatus, fulvous to piceous, male becoming piceous on pro- notum and hemelytra, female piceous only at inner apical angles of corium. 6. Length 4.3 mm. Head: width .88 mm., vertex .4 mm., length .43 mm.; base of vertex slightly elevated to form a carina which extends higher than the black and broadly exposed collum; luteous to brownish, polished, bordering inner margins of eyes and extending slightly upon vertex, geminate mark on basal half of tylus, genae, dorsal margins of bucculae and lorae, somewhat on juga and the tip of tylus, blackish. Rostrum, length 1.48 mm., reaching to near posterior margins of middle coxae, yellowish, dark brown at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .34 mm.; II, 1.2 mm., cylindrical, thicker than segment I, abruptly slender at base and slightly so at apex, pale pubescent, length of exserted hairs scarcely equal to thickness of segment; III, .44 mm.; IV, .33 mm.; yellowish, the apex of segment II very little, if any, darker, the last two segments slightly dusky. Pronotum: length .97 mm., width at base 1.71 mm., anterior angles .74 mm.; collar 6 mm., dark brown, opaque; punctures concolorous, lateral mar- gins straight, ecarinate; calli slightly convex, confluent with the apical area of disk, polished; disk fulvous, anterior part and posterior half becoming piceous, darkest specimens with only a fulvous spot behind the calli, the slender basal margin remaining pale or ivory-white; propleura yellowish brown, opaque, coxal cleft and just above at anterior angle blackish; xyphus slightly convex in front, receding posteriorly, yellowish to dusky brown. Scutellum convex, polished, pale to yellowish, becoming brownish on disk but apparently never very dark. Ster- num dark brownish, more brownish at the sides and on pleura, basalar plate pale yellowish; ostiolar peritreme white, sometimes tinged with yellowish, finely pilose on the episternum just above. Hemelytra: width 2.02 mm., black punctate, very few punctures on basal half of embolium; clavus yellowish brown, darker along inner margins and each side of claval vein; corium dark brownish to piceous, more or less pale or clear near the basal angle; embolium pale yellowish translucent, somewhat invaded with piceous near apex. Cuneus pale translucent to yellowish on the basal half, dark fusco-brownish on the apical half, punctures chiefly pale. Membrane clear or only slightly tinged with yellowish, brachium darkened with brownish along apex of cells. Legs: pale to yellowish, hind femora with a dark mark on anterior face slightly beyond the middle; claws brownish, arolia bristle-like, translucent, erect and converging slightly apically, protruding slightly forward between the claws. DeraArocoris (HerTEROPTERA, MirIpAe) 145 Venter: dark brownish to piceous, paler on sides of genital segment, shining, pale pubes- cent; genital claspers (fig. 18) distinctive of . the species. 9. Length 4.8 mm., width 2.22 mm., mar- Fig. 18. Deraeocoris fulvus, gin of embolium distinctly arcuated on apical male genital claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- half; head and disk of pronotum fulvous, col- ternal arm of left clasper; ec, 5,8 3 right clasper, lateral aspect. lum black and shining, geminate mark on basal half of tylus blackish; scutellum pale to fulvous, somewhat fulvous on basal half of clavus; inner apical angles of corium and joining across anal area of membrane, brownish black to piceous, frequently a small spot at middle and base of corium fusco-brownish; cuneus yellowish translucent, more translucent at the lateral margin; ventral parts rather uniformly yellowish brown, infuscated along the vagina exterior; an- tennae pale to yellowish, segment II, 1.25 mm., slender, slightly thicker at apex, pale pubescent, length of exserted hairs slightly greater than thickness of segment. Holotype: & August 4, Williams, Arizona (H. H. Knight) ; Cornell University collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Para- types: 26 14%, taken with the types on white oak (Quercus sp.). ARIZONA,—2? Aug. 3, Grand View, Grand Canyon; 2 Aug. 4, Pres- cott; ¢ 42 July 26, Mt. Lemon, alt. 9,000 ft., Santa Catalina Mts. (H. nn Knight): 92 July. 27, Huachuca Mts., alt. 9,000'ft. (HG. Barber). KE YoTO GEE SPECIES OF GROUPRGIYV 1. Black, shining, scutellum red, head reddish . : , ‘ : : : : : ; : : F fulgidus Van D. p. 149 Sometimes black but scutellum not red; entirely pale, or grayish tes- taceous and marked with black . 2 2. Membrane clear, dorsum pallid, usually marked with black on the calli, corium sometimes fuscous on the apical half; infuscation on,scutellum forming along the median line . F : schwarzti Uhler p. 146 Membrane infuscated or at least fumate, dorsum black, or pallid gray and marked with black; scutellum with infuscation forming on each side of the median line, black specimens may have the median line entirely black . ; i : ; ; : : : : i 3. Femora reddish or reddish brown, not distinctly banded on the apical half: scutellum reddish or reddish brown, becoming dark brown or blackish at each side of the median line; venter strongly reddish, varied with yellowish brown; dorsum with suffused brownish invading the paler parts; middle, base and apex of corium, and apex of embo- lium infuscated . L , : bullatus n. sp. p. 147 Femora twice banded on the apical ‘half with reddish or reddish brown; scutellum pale yellowish, blackish spot each side of the pale median line; venter piceous to black on the lower side, narrowly yellowish at base and latero-dorsal margin : 3 convexulus n. sp. p. 148 146 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST oF MINNESoTA—1920 Deraeocoris schwarzii (Uhler) 1893 Camptobrochis schwarzii Uhler, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., ii, p. 375. 1909 Camptobrochis schwarzti Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, p. 58. 1917 Camptobrochys (Mycterocoris) schwarziti Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. Ovate, convex, pale, the head, calli, and corium marked with blackish, the dark color on scutellum forming along the median line. 6. Length 45 mm. Head: width 1.03 mm., vertex .52 mm., length .54 mm.; front convex, carina not apparent but vertex is separated by a groove from the black and broadly exposed collum, tylus prominent; pale, spot each side of vertex, transverse marks each side of front and terminating above in a pair of large spots just in front of vertex, for a short space above base of antenna next to inner margin of eye, geminate mark on tylus with spot at base and transversely at apex, dorsal and apical margins of lorae, small spot on genae and juga, blackish. Rostrum, length 1.71 mm., scarcely attaining posterior margins of middle coxae, pale to brownish. becoming piceous at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .37 mm., pale, becoming blackish on the ventral side; II, 1.14 mm., gradually thickened from base toward apex, not attaining the thickness of segment I, pale pubescent, length of exserted hairs exceeding thickness of segment, pale to brownish, becoming fuscous toward apex; IV, missing. Pronotum: length 1.17 mm., width at base 1.97 mm., anterior angles 1 mm.; collar .72 mm., pale, opaque; disk convex, coarsely, rather irregularly and closely black punctate, lateral margins slenderly carinate, nearly straight, an- terior angles rather broad but rounded; calli very slightly convex, black around margins and with marks upon the disk of each, a black arc projecting forward from the latero-anterior angles and with pale invading the disk each side of it; pale to ivory-white, somewhat shining; coxal cleft somewhat darkened above; xyphus nearly flat, margins carinate bordering the coxal cavity, pale. Scu- tellum convex and smooth, pale, becoming brownish along the median line; mesoscutum slightly exposed, brownish black. Sternum and pleura pale to dark brownish, episterna becoming blackish first; ostiolar peritreme pale, dorsal margin somewhat invaded by blackish. Hemelyina: width 2.39 mm., convex, embolar margin slightly arcuate; black punctate but more finely than on pronotal disk, pale but not translucent, spot at middle and somewhat at apex of corium piceous. Cuneus pale, opaque, finely black punctate, spot on inner margin at apex fuscous. Membrane clear, veins pale fusco-brownish, sometimes slightly invading and staining the mem- brane each side. Legs: pale, coxae with a dark brownish to blackish spot at base; Y ° . Le femora biannulate with brownish Sena ay a black on apical half, sometimes with SS fuscous spots on the basal half; tibiae biannulate with blackish on the schwarzii UAL basal half; tarsi fuscous at apex, Fig. 19. Deraeocoris schwarzii, male geni- elvis brownish, ; ; tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect ; Venter: dark brownish to piceous, b, internal arm of left clasper; ¢, right clasp- ee i Bey pas aspect. e vs shining, the pale color persisting lat- DERAEOCORIS (Heteroptera, Mirae) 147 erally and near base, a large somewhat rounded piceous spot beneath the spiracle on each side of the first four or five segments but pale just beneath the spots, pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 19) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 4.9 mm., width 2.45 mm., more robust than the male and with the dark marks more reduced; scutellum may be entirely pale or with only a brown streak along the median line, infuscations of corium absent: geminate mark on tylus, anterior margin of lorae, collum, and marks about the margins of calli, blackish; segment II, length 1.17 mm., slender, enlarged toward apex, length of exserted hairs nearly equaling twice the thickness of segment, pale, dark brownish at apex; black markings on the legs usually much reduced. Lectotype: & June 22, 1891, American Fork, Utah (E. A. Schwarz); Cat. No. 24171 U.S. N. M. Plesiotype; %, cotype by Uhler; author’s collection. Specimens examined: 2é 32 June 22, 2 June 24, American Fork, Utah (E. A. Schwarz); 2 July 8, 9, 1882, Yakima river, “Opp. Ellenberg,” Washington Territory (Hagen) ; all cotypes by Uhler. 4 ‘Colo. 2020” which has the median line on front obscured by piceous. The specimen taken by Dr. Hagen near the Yakima river is more heavily marked with black than is the case with the females from the type locality. This species was collected by Mr. Schwarz on desert vegetation near American Fork, and, as the color and other characteristics indi- cate, it is a form to be expected only in the arid regions of the United States. Deraeocoris bullatus new species More convex and darker colored than schwarzii, scutellum red, becoming blackish each side of median line, membrane infuscated on the apical half. $. Length 47 mm. Head: 1.03 mm., vertex .51 mm., length 57 mm.; carina slight but apparent, front broadly convex, collum broadly exposed and dark yellowish like the rest of the head; geminate mark and transversely at tip of tylus blackish, juga frequently with reddish. Rostrum, length 1.91 mm., reaching upon the hind coxae, dark brownish to piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .37 mm., dark fusco-brownish; II, 1.2. mm., slender on the basal half, gradually enlarged on the apical half and nearly attaining the thickness of segment I, pale pubescent, exserted hairs slightly exceeding greatest thickness of segment, piceous to black; III, .45 mm.; IV, .34 mm.; last two segments slender, blackish. Pronotum: length 1.22 mm., width at base 2.08 mm., anterior angles 1.05 mm.; collar .74 mm., yellowish brown, opaque; disk convex, lateral margins distinctly carinate, nearly straight, the anterior angles broadly rounded; disk coarsely black punctate, punctures arranged irregularly in small groups, more sparsely placed across the middle; calli smooth, slightly convex, confluent, de- limited behind by coarse punctures, black, the black color projecting forward at the latero-anterior angles; pale to sordid ivory-white, posterior lobes of disk 148 EIGHTEENTH KeEport STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 becoming suffused with piceous, the median line more pale; propleura pale brownish, opaque, paler at margins, more finely punctate than disk; xyphus nearly flat, yellowish to brownish. Scutellum convex, smooth, dark reddish to brownish, median line paler, becoming blackish each side at base; mesoscutum scarcely exposed, reddish brown. Sternum and pleura brown, opaque; ostiolar peritreme pale, becoming brownish above. Hemelytra: width 2.51 mm., convex, embolar margin arcuate; black punc- tate but more finely than on pronotal disk, pale, becoming stained with brownish and fuscous; slender edge of embolium but broadly at apex, apex of corium and spot at middle, piceous. Cuneus pale but not translucent, punctures, apical one-third, and narrowly at base, black. Membrane transversely pale across middle, brownish to fuscous on apical one-third, brachium and narrowly each side dark fuscous. Legs: coxae pale, becoming reddish brown on anterior face; femora red- dish brown, more translucent basally; tibiae fusco-brownish to blackish, biannu- — late with pale, frequently a third pale indication at knee; tarsi brownish to blackish, claws brown, distinctly cleft; arolia erect, bristle-like, parallel or slightly divergent apically. Venter: pale to reddish or reddish brown, becoming piceous on base of genital segment, pale pubescent; gen- ital claspers (fig. 20) distinctive of the species. 4 C 9 Length 45 mm., width 2.65 mm., slightly more robust but very bullatus similar in color to the male; seg- ment II, length 1.22 mm., slender, Fig. 20. Deraeocoris bullatus, male genital ; ; 8 os claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- slightly enlarged on the apical one- ternal arm of left clasper; c, right clasper, fourth pale pubescent exserted hairs lateral aspect. a equaling greatest thickness of seg- ment, piceous, a dark brownish band just beyond middle. Holotype: ¢ August 3, Grand View, Grand Canyon, Arizona (H. H. Knight) ; Cornell University collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: ¢& 42 taken with the types on the cliff rose, Cowania mexicana, while the shrub was in flower. ¢ 22 June 18, Ashfork, Arizona (Barber & Schwarz). This species doubtless breeds on the cliff rose and was not merely attracted by the flowers as may be the case with some insects. D. man- itou intermedius bears a close resemblance to bullatus but the color of the legs as well as the structure of the claws makes their separation simple. Deraeocoris convexulus new species Very similar to bullatus, paler above and without red on scutellum and venter, hind femora twice banded on the apical half with reddish brown; left Derartocoris (HeETEROPTERA, MrirIDAE) 149 genital clasper with the dorsal horn longer and the internal arm differently shaped from that of bullatus. 3. Length 46 mm. Head: width 1.05 mm., vertex 54 mm., length .57 'mm.; base of vertex raised into a slight carina, separated by a groove from the arched and broadly exposed collum; pale to yellowish, geminate mark on basal half and slenderly at apex of tylus blackish. Rostrum, length 1.88 mm., attaining posterior margins of middle coxae, brownish, becoming piceous on the apical half. Antennae: segment I, length .38 mm., brownish, darker at apex; II, 1.25 mm., tapering gradually thicker from base toward apex, attaining the thickness of segment I, pale to dusky pubescent, exserted hairs about equaling greatest thickness of segment; III, .51 mm.; IV, .37 mm.; last two segments slender, blackish. Pronotum: length 1.11 mm., width at base 2.04 mm., anterior angles 1.03 mm., collar .77 mm.; structurally and in color very similar to bullatus, the disk and calli slightly more flattened. Scutellum convex and smooth, pale, brownish black or piceous each side of median line but scarcely separating the pale at basal angles from that at apex. Sternum and pleura yellowish brown, opaque; ostiolar peritreme pale yellowish. Hemelytra: width 2.57 mm., very similar to bullatus but more coarsely punctate; pale, small spot at base, transversely at apex and connected with spot at middle of corium, invading the embolium at apex, blackish. Cuneus as in bullatus. Membrane nearly as in bullatus but paler on the apical half, more nearly fumate. Legs: pale to yellowish; femora biannulate on the apical half with reddish brown; tibiae triannulate with brownish black and with a spot on the knee; tarsi dark brownish, blackish at apex, claws brownish. se > Cc Venter: dark brownish to pice- b ous, paler at the lateral margins PB OVEOIOS and at base, shining, pale pubes- cent; genital claspers (fig. 21) Ben cee eae mente ae Sea! distinctive of, the species b, internal arm of left clasper; c, right clasp- 9. Length 55 mm., width 2.9 er, lateral aspect. ees mm., very similar to the male but more robust; antennae very similar to those of the female bullatus. Holotype: ¢ May, Los Angeles County, California (Heidemann coll.) ; Cornell University collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Deraeocoris fulgidus (Van Duzee) 1914 Camptobrochis fulgidus Van Duzee, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., ii, oy PALE 1917 Camptobrochys (Mycterocoris) fulgidus Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. Length 5-6 mm. Ovate, convex, shining black, scutellum red, head rufo- testaceous. é. Length 5 mm. Head: width 1.12 mm., vertex .57 mm., length 6 mm.; 150 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNEsoTA—1920 carina slight but apparent, front broadly convex, collum broadly exposed; rufo- testaceous, tip of tylus and the bucculae becoming black. Rostrum, length 2.08 mm., nearly attaining posterior margins of middle coxae, piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .43 mm.; II, 1.42 mm., slender at base and gradually enlarged to thicker at apex, the greatest thickness just equaling that of segment I, dusky pubescent, exserted hairs equal to one and one-half times the thickness of segment I; III, .52 mm.; IV, .43 mm.; all the segments black. Pronotum: length 1.4 mm., width at base 2.31 mm., anterior angles 1.12 mm.; collar .85 mm., dark brownish, opaque; lateral margins carinate, nearly straight, anterior angles broadly rounded and slightly reflexed; closely and coarsely punctate, calli convex, confluent, delimited posteriorly by coarse punc- tures; basal margin of disk sometimes slenderly pale; propleura black, opaque, finely punctate; xyphus nearly flat, dark brownish to black. Scutellum rufo- testaceous to bright red, convex, smooth and shining. Sternum and pleura dark brownish or black, opaque; ostiolar peritreme pale, becoming blackish above and within the ostiole. Hemelytra: width 2.9 mm., embolar margin strongly arcuated on the apical half, embolium broad; more closely punctate than on the pronotal disk. Cuneus nearly triangular, strongly deflexed, sometimes palely translucent near inner angles. Membrane brownish black, paler spot bordering tip of cuneus. Venter: black, shining, pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 22) distinctive of the spe- cies, in form nearest to bul- G latus. b 9. Length 5.1 mm., width Sa 2.82 mm., very similar to the fulgidus VonD. male in form and coloration; segment II, length 1.34 mm., Fig. 22. Deraecocoris fulgidus, male genital claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- slender, thickened on the apical ternal arm of left clasper; ¢, right clasper, lateral one-fourth, scarcely attaining aspect. : the thickness of segment I, dusky pubescent, exserted hairs equal to twice the thickness of segment. Plesiotypes: & June 6, 2 May 4, San Diego County, California (E. P. Van Duzee), paratypes; author’s collection. Specimens exam- ined: CALIFORNIA,—® March 29, 14 12 May 4, San Diego County, paratypes (E. P. Van Duzee). ? June 18, Hullville, Lake County (F. FE. Blaisdell). %, McCloud, Siskiyou County (E. P. Van Duzee). COLORADO,—¢ June 28, Fort Collins (E. P. Van Duzee). Mr. Van Duzee states that the species lives on Ceonothus. MEY TO ULE SPECIES OF GROUPS; In form of the claws this group shows a close relationship with the species of group I] but the impunctate scutellum, genital claspers, general body structure and hairy vestiture of some of the species all point to a closer relationship with the species in groups IV and VI. Deracrocoris (HeEtTEROPTERA, M-RIDAE) Syl 1. Dorsum heavily pubescent or hairy, at least with long hairs at anterior angles of the pronotum . 5 AZ Dorsum practically glabrous, at most oaly snares; nad agai naineceent (not rubbed specimens), se with a few hairs at anterior angles of pronotum 2 ; : : : se 2. Form broad oval, only convex Gndth greater ee or equal to at least one-half the length of the insect) . : : ; 8 Form elongate (width not equal to one-half the ieneihy : . 4 3. Tibiae triannulate with fuscous; disk of pronotum more or less pale, becoming blackish on the basal half and sides; scutellum with black spot each side of the pale median line, but confluent at base; apex of corium and embolium broadly blackish, usually joined by large spot on middle of corium, apical one-third of cuneus black : 5 : 5 ; : : manitou Van D. p. 153 Tibiae triannulate with fuscous; iste of pronotum black, narrowly mar- gined with pale; scutellum black, basal angles and tip pale; hemelytra black, basal half of embolium, central portion of clavus, basal half of cuneus, small spot near base of corium, and narrowly bordering basal half of cubitus, eae pale, the punctures black manitou intermedius n. var. p. 154 Tibiae Bale elichity darker at tips and indistinctly so at middle; dorsum entirely black; head pale, genae, bucculae, margins of lorae, and gem- inate mark on the tylus, piceous to black é 2 : . 3 5 : A : manitou atratus n. var. Pp. 155 4. Membrane with the apical half heavily infuscated; pronotum and hemelytra usually blackish, in tenerel or pale specimens more or less translucent but darkened with fuscous or brownish . : : wa), Membrane with the apical half only slightly infuscated, more nearly fumate or brownish; dorsum more pallid, yellowish or reddish than blackish, calli ferruginous or heavily lined with black around the mar- gins and with one or two pale streaks on the disk of each callus. 5 5. Membrane clear, a fumate cloud on the apical half; calli heavily mar- gined with brownish or black, forming a recurved hook at the latero- posterior margins; punctures infuscated, dorsum lurid testaceous with three darker areas on each hemelytron : , : : : é barberi hesperies n. subsp. p. 159 Mee brane eat ame or brownish; calli without a blackish re- curved hook at the latero-posterior margins; punctures mostly pel- lucid, dorsum pallid to pale yellowish or reddish brown to reddish . 6 6. Calli and pronotum reddish brown to ferruginous; hemelytra yellow- ish translucid, immaculate; cuneus reddish translucent; scutellum pale . : . rubroclarus n. sp. p. 156 Calli arene’ or ined aa blade: corium pallid to yellowish, tinged with brown ochre and reddish, opaque except for pellucid punctures ; cuneus yellowish, opaque, the apex blackish; scutellum vittate : 5 navajo n. sp. p. 155 he (4) Aponte (9) ah Biciirent exserted hairs on segment II, in length equal to three times the thickness of segment at middle; (¢ ) segment II as thick at the middle as on the apical half, length of ex- 152 10. Pie 12. 13: 14. EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOoLoGcIsT oF MInNEsota—1920 serted hairs equal to one and one-half times the thickness of the seg- ment . : : : laricicola n. sp. p. 164 Antennae (9) with exacted hare in length scarcely equal to twice the thickness of the segment where they occur: (¢) segment II slender on the basal half, distinctly thicker on the apical half than at middle, or if not, then the length of exserted hairs not greater than the thick- ness of the segment. Calli margined or lined with black, rarely entirely black, ivory-white just before and extending inward from the anterior angles in one or two curved lines upon disk of each callus; (¢) segment II of an- tennae nearly as thick at middle as on the apical half, length of ex- serted hairs scarcely as great as the thickness of the segment pinicola n. sp. p. 162 Gail; aia bivcke: Scorhient I very penta in both sexes, slender on the basal half and gradually becoming thicker toward the apex, exserted hairs about equal to thickness of the segment . Tibiae distinctly triannulate with pale; a small subovate form, length 5-5.5 mm... : mutatus n. sp. p. 161 Tibiae uniformly darks or ale on the piel half, sometimes with a pale indication just below knee and obscurely banded with pale on the apical half but never distinctly triannulate; larger forms, length close to 6 mm. : : 3 : : ; : f : ; : Scutellum uniformly brownish; hind tibiae broadly pale on apical half but without a pale indication below knee : : N palin Te Sp.) panllod Scatellum Btackish, marked ith pale at least on basal angles and at apex; hind tibiae dark, or an obscure pale band on apical half and usually a pale indication just below knee . Femora paler on the basal half, hind tibiae usually with an obscure pale annulus on the apical half and a pale indication just below knee barberi n. sp. p. 157 penare and hiss Rai oR ly daelc bowl black A - j : j F : . barberi lignipes n. var. Pp. 159 (1) Legsuniformly dark sepia brown or blackish, hind tibiae fre- quently with a pale annulus on the apical half Legs not uniformly sepia black, femora more or’ less pale or the hbo biannulate with paler . i 3 : 5 : Legs and general body coloration fusco-grayish to blackish, never red- dish brown; hind femora pale on the basal half, two or three linear series of dark spots visible, apical half dark fuscous to blackish but divided by a narrow pale annulation; tibiae biannulate with pale : kennicotti n. sp. p. 166 [ees and asaally tite beady eolotation dark reddish brown to blackish; hind femora obscured on the basal half, more or less reddish brown, pale annulation usually apparent on the apical half; tibiae dark red- dish to brownish, either bi- or triannulate with pale . Hemelytra grayish testaceous to brownish, distinctly darker or even piceous on the apical half of the corium; hind tibiae with a distinct 10 11 15 irs 14 Deracocorts (Heteroprera, Miripae) 153 pale annulus on the apical half, two narrow and poorly defined pale annuli on the basal half, the pale band at middle of basal half usually incomplete on the dorsal side : : fulvescens Reuter p. 167 Hemelytra uniformly reddish brown, not darker on the apical half of the corium than on the embolium; hind tibiae triannulate with pale pilosus nm. isp. p: 159 15. Pronotum, hemelytra and legs uniformly dark sepia brown or blackish, the semitranslucent areas stained with brownish; hind tibiae usually distinctly annulated with pale on the ea, half : : : nigritulus n. n. (=|| nigritus Reut p. 170 Pronotum alle fusco-grayish or see hemelytra fuscous to black, becoming paler in certain areas but not stained with brownish; legs brownish black, hind tibiae sometimes indistinctly annulated with paler on the apical half; front coxae, xyphus, lower margins of propleura, ostiolar area, gula, sides of tylus, juga and arcuated streak just above on each side of front, pale. : albigulus n. sp. p. 171 Deraeocoris manitou (Van Duzee) 1904 }Mycterocoris cerachates Uhler, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., xxvii, p. 358. 1920 Camptobrochys manitou Van Duzee, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, ix, p. 355. Length 4.5-5 mm. Ovate, convex, dorsum glabrous, coarsely punctate; closely related to bullatus and convexulus but differs in the type of claws; more ovate and robust than fenestratus; pale to testaceous and maculated with piceous, callosities and punctures black. $6. Length 45 mm. Head: width 1.03 mm., vertex .54 mm., length .71 mm.; front moderately convex, polished, carina feebly developed; collum ex- posed, black; yellowish and marked with brown and black, front each side of median line transversely marked with six or seven fine brownish to blackish lines; above base of antenna, bordering the front margin of eyes and projecting on vertex, brownish to piceous; slender pair of longitudinal lines on tylus, base of genae, dorsal margins of lorae and bucculae, brownish to piceous, frequently reddish on juga. Rostrum, length 1.85 mm., reaching to near hind margins of middle coxae, yellowish brown, basal segment darker, the apical segment piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .35 mm., yellowish, a brownish line on the dorsal side; II, length 1.14 mm., yellowish to brownish, apical one-fifth in- fuscated, basal one-third dark brownish on the dorsal side; III, .45 mm., blackish; IV, .40 mm., blackish; finely pale pubescent, length of hairs on seg- ment II equal to little more than the thickness of segment. Pronotum: length 1.2 mm., width at base 2.05 mm.; anterior angles 1.05 mm., strongly rounded; collar .71 mm., brownish; disk deeply, irregularly, some- times confluent but not densely punctate, strongly convex, lateral margins slen- derly carinate, nearly straight, anterior and basal angles broadly rounded; pale yellowish, discal area each side of middle clouded with piceous; calli black, practically flat, joined at the anterior angles by a piceous arc; very finely and sparsely pubescent at anterior angles; propleura yellowish, becoming reddish 154 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 anteriorly, xyphus reddish; margin of coxal cavity anterior to coxal cleft very prominent, flaring, narrow margin white. Scutellum impunctate, convex and polished, obscurely transversely wrinkled; whitish, piceous medially at base and extending to cover lateral areas of disk; mesoscutum brownish to piceous, paler at lateral angles. Sternuwm and pleura reddish; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.68 mm., strongly convex, embolium arcuate from base to apex, cuneus and membrane strongly deflexed; coarsely and irregularly punc- tate, punctures black, surrounded by piceous and frequently confluent; clavus largely pale, .piceous at apex and along margins; corium broadly piceous at apex and invading embolium, narrowly piceous at base, a larger patch at middle which is rather broadly joined with the piceous distal area; embolium largely pale, apex, slightly at middle, bordering the marginal vein and the extreme lateral edge, piceous. Cuneus pale, the apical one-third piceous, punc- tures infuscated. Membrane fuscous, a paler band bordering apices of areoles, joining at middle and continuing medially between the large areoles, veins piceous. Legs: femora uniformly piceous, pale at the apices; tibiae pale, triannu- late with fuscous or piceous, an oblique band at middle, less distinctly near base and rather broadly but paler at apex; tarsi pale fuscous, slightly darker at apices; bs clothed with fine inconspicuous pale pubes- GE cence: : Venter: reddish to piceous, polished, finely manilou Von pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 23) Fig. 23. Deraeocoris manitou, distinctive of the SBE CIES: male genital claspers. a, left clasp- 9. Length 5.4 mm., width 3 mm.; larger er, lateral aspect; b, internal arm of left clasper; ¢, right clasper, lat- | @nd more robust than the male but very eral aspect. similar in coloration. Plestotype: ¢& July 19, Manitou, Colorado (E. P. Van Duzee); holotype, (No. 713) collection of California Academy of Sciences. Paratypes examined: COLORADO,—2? July 25, Manitou (E. P. Van Duzee) ; 3? July 17, 2? Aug. 7, Colorado Springs; 2? July 25, Rifle. NEW MEXICO,—8 Aug. 1-15, Jemez Springs, alt. 6,400 ft. (Wood- gate). Specimens examined: ARIZONA,—32 June 18, Ashfork (H. 8. Barber). NEW: MEXICO,—® Aug. 10, 2 Aug. 16, Las Vegas (Barber & Schwarz). The last two specimens mentioned represent the material which Uhler (1904) had before him when describing the new genus M yctero- coris and thus the genus was founded on a misidentification of his own species, Deraeocoris cerachates. Deraeocoris manitou intermedius new variety Structurally not differing from the typical manitou but having a different color aspect; disk of pronotum black, slenderly margined with pale, some- Derarocoris (HeEtTeroprera, Mrripar) 155 times slightly paler behind the calli; scutellum black, basal angles and apex pale or ivory-white; hemelytra black, basal half of embolium, central portion of clavus, basal half of cuneus, small spot near base of corium, and narrowly bor- dering basal half of cubitus, irregularly pale between the black punctures; tibiae triannulate with fuscous. FHlolotype: & Aug. 1-15, Jemez Springs, New Mexico (J. Wood- gate) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: é July 7, 2 July 21, @ Aug. 1-15, Jemez Springs, New Mexico (J. Woodgate). Deraeocoris manitou atratus new variety Apparently not differing structurally from the typical manitou; dorsum entirely black; head pale, genae, bucculae, margins of lorae, and geminate mark on tylus, piceous to black; tibiae pale, slightly darker at tips and indis- tinctly so at middle. Holotype: ¢& June 17, Jemez Springs, New Mexico (J. Wood- gate) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Para- types: ¢%% taken with the types. ARIZONA,—1¢ 19 June 17, 2¢ 22 June lesojume 28, Ashtork (H. S: Barber). It is worthy of note that in this variety the legs are paler than the typical manitou while the dorsum has grown entirely black. The development in color seems to run thus: the blacker the dorsum the paler the legs. Deraeocoris navajo new species Dorsum pallid to yellowish, tinged with brown ochre and reddish, punc- tures chiefly pellucid, calli and vittate marks on scutellum blackish, mem- brane fumate. 6. Length 5.6 mm. Head: width 1.2 mm., vertex .54 mm., length .63 mm.; facial angle less than a right angle, carina poorly defined, the brownish collum moderately exposed, an impressed brownish spot each side of vertex ; pale to yellowish, rather indistinct reddish to brownish transverse marks each side of frontal median line; triangular mark at base and geminate mark on basal half of tylus, dorsal margin of lorae, above base of antenna and reach- ing inner margin of eye, blackish, a reddish spot beneath the rather large brown eyes. Rostrum, length 2.51 mm., nearly attaining the posterior margins of hind coxae, brownish to piceous, darker at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .4 mm., yellowish, becoming infuscated at base and narrow apex; II, 1.63 mm., slender at base and gradually thickened toward apex, exceeding the thickness of segment I, pubescence infuscated, exserted hairs about equaling greatest thickness of segment, yellowish to brown, the apical half black; III, .63 mm.; IV, 44 mm.; last two segments black, finely pale pubescent. 156 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 Pronotum: length 1.35 mm., width at base 2.25 mm., anterior angles 1.05 mm.; collar .88 mm., prominent, yellowish and opaque; disk convex, punctures chiefly concolorous or pellucid, becoming infuscated at basal angles, lateral margins distinct, slightly sinuate, anterior angles narrowed but distinct; calli slightly convex, irregularly delimited behind by coarse punctures, separated at median line by a pair of punctures, black, a blackish arc extending forward from the antero-lateral angles; propleura more finely punctate than disk, pale to yellowish, a reddish brown spot at top of coxal cleft; xyphus practically flat, longly but sparsely pale pubescent. Scutellum convex, shining, slightly wrinkled on disk, yellowish, a brownish black vitta each side of median line on the apical half; mesoscutum moderately exposed, yellowish brown. Sternum and pleura yellowish to brownish, opaque, meta-episterna tinged with reddish; ostio- lar peritreme pale, becoming yellowish about the ostiole. Hemelytra: width 2.77 mm., embolar margin sinuate; pale to yellowish, punctures chiefly pellucid, spot at base and middle of corium, transversely across tip of embolium, corium and clavus, stained with brown ochre and reddish. Cuneus pale to yellowish, chiefly opaque, punctures mostly infuscated, apex brownish black, slightly reddish at base. Membrane fumate, brachium dis- tinctly reddish, a small fuscous mark lying against the brachium just outside apex of the larger areole. Legs: pale to yellowish brown, each coxa with a pair of shining fuscous spots at base; femora indistinctly marked with reddish before apices; tibiae triannulate with reddish brown or fuscous, also a spot on the knee; tarsi brown- ish, infuscated at apices, claws not cleft at base, arolia slender, erect, bristle-like, translucent, nearly parallel or only slightly converging at apices. Venter: yellowish to reddish, two basal segments more broadly reddish, an impressed, polished piceous spot on each segment be- c neath the spiracle and separated b from it by a space equal to di- ameter of spot; genital segment Navayo piceous, polished, a large yellow- ; s z : ish spo z SI eX; Fig. 24. Deraeocoris navajo, male genital 5 f pot each side Hea eRe claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- genital claspers (fig. 24) distine- ternal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasper, e sapiens lateralPacpect! tive of the species. Holotype: -é August 3, Grand View, Grand Canyon, Arizona (H. H. Knight); Cornell University collection. This very distinct and interesting species is represented only by the type specimen which was swept from the cliff rose (Cowania mex- icana). The failure to secure additional specimens indicates that its presence on that plant may have been accidental. Deraeocoris rubroclarus new species Elongate, calli and pronotum reddish brown to ferruginous, scutellum pale; hemelytra yellowish translucid, immaculate, cuneus reddish translucent. Derarocorts (HeEtTERopTERA, MiripAe) 157 9. Length 63 mm. Head: -width 1.14 mm., vertex 55 mm., length .71 mm.; tylus more prominent at base than in navajo, facial angle a right angle, -eye sloping slightly forward, carina obsolete, separated from the broadly ex- posed collum by a groove, front broadly convex, shining; yellowish red, gem- inate mark on tylus, spot on juga, spot on genae, and above base of antenna, bright red. Rostrum, length 2.31 mm., attaining the posterior margins of the middle coxae, brownish translucent, apex piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .54 mm., yellowish translucent to brownish; II, 1.77 mm., slender, slightly enlarged on the apical one-fourth, not attaining the thickness of segment I, sparsely pale pubescent, length of exserted hairs about equal to greatest thickness of segment, yellowish, blackish on the thick- ened apex; III, .71 mm.; IV, .57 mm.; last two segments blackish. Pronotum: length 1.51 mm., width at base 2.39 mm., anterior angles 1.03 mm., collar .83 mm.; rather finely and closely punctate, punctures concolor- ous, lateral margins distinct but ecarinate, nearly straight, anterior angles nar- rowed but distinct, lateral margins of disk sparsely set with pubescent hairs; calli convex, ferruginous, shining, usually slightly darker than the disk; pro- pleura finely punctate, yellowish to brown; xyphus slightly convex anteriorly, depressed posteriorly. Scutellum convex, smooth and shining, pale or white, sometimes with a tinge of reddish; mesoscutum slightly exposed, brownish. Sternum and pleura yellowish to brownish or reddish, opaque; ostiolar peri- treme white. Hemelytra: width 2.9 mm., embolar margin slightly sinuate, moderately convex, rather closely punctate, punctures concolorous; yellowish translucid, marginal vein at tip of embolium and the inner angles of corium with coagu- lated red. Cuneus reddish translucent, darker red apically, punctures apparent but concolorous. Membrane uniformly stained with pale brownish, slightly paler at tip of cuneus, brachtum somewhat reddish. Legs: yellowish with coagulated reddish, sometimes turning brownish; fe- mora obscurely biannulated with reddish on apical half; tibiae rather obscurely triannulate with reddish or brownish, darker on the apical band; tarsi brownish to fuscous, darker at apices, claws and arolia as in navajo. Venter: brownish to bright red, slightly darker on the sides, yellowish pubescent. Holotype: ~2 August 12, Portland, Oregon (A: A. Nichol): author’s collection. Paratypes: 2 Aug. 18, Sannich District, British Columbia (W. Downes). 2, “W. T.” [Washington Territory] (Uhler collection ). Data on the food habits are not available but judging by the habits of other species in the group, rubroclarus is most likely to be found by beating coniferous trees in the Vancouveran faunal area. Deraeocoris barberi iiew species Dark brownish to piceous, calli solid black, usually slightly larger than pinicola; antennae very similar in both sexes, exserted hairs equal to thickness of the segment. 158 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 é. Length 6.1 mm. Head: width 1.2 mm., vertex .54 mm., length .65 mm.; facial angle scarcely equal to a right angle, front broadly convex, carina obso- lete, vertex separated by a groove from the black and broadly exposed collum; pale testaceous, front rather broadly, base of tylus, above base of antenna and extending along front margin of eye where it terminates in a spot on vertex, geminate mark on tylus which may be fused in darkest specimens, spot on genae, dorsal margins of bucculae and lorae, more or less on juga and tip of tylus, blackish. Rostrum, length 2.62 mm., nearly attaining posterior margins of the hind coxae, dark brownish to piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .43 mm.; II, 1.51 mm., gradually thickened from base toward apex, almost equaling the thickness of segment I, pale pubescent, iength of exserted hairs just equaling thickness of segment; III, .54 mm.; IV, 47 mm.; fusco-brownish to blackish. Pronotum: length 1.45 mm., width at base 2.31 mm., anterior angles 1.14 mm., collar .81 mm.; moderately convex, coarsely and rather closely punctate, lateral margins slenderly carinate, anterior angles slightly rounded but dis- tinct; calli convex, confluent, black and shining, delimited behind by coarse punctures, a black are extending forward from the antero-lateral angles to front margin of disk; punctures black, posterior lobes of disk largely fusco- brownish, paler near lateral margins and at anterior angles; propleura more finely punctate, brownish black, paler around the margins; xyphus_ slightly convex anteriorly, depressed posteriorly, testaceous to fuscous. Scutellum moderately convex, smooth and shining, brownish black, basal angles, apex, and median line pale or ivory-white. Sternum and pleura brownish black, opaque, a spot at dorsal margin of meso- and one on meta-episterna shining; ostiolar peritreme white, becoming infuscated dorsally. Hemelytra: width 2.74 mm., embolar margin slightly sinuate, moderately convex, closely and rather coarsely black punctate; fusco-brownish to piceous, embolium paler between the punctures, apical half of corium piceous, becoming more nearly black at middle, extreme apical margin of corium more or less translucent. Cuneus fusco-brownish, more translucent on basal half and black- ish at apex, punctures black. Membrane pale, fusco-brownish on the apical half and produced basally at middle, veins dark fusco-brownish, the areoles dark- ened apically, a blackish mark lying against the brachium just outside at apex of the larger areole. Legs: fusco-brownish, basal half of femora paler but with dark points, hind femora darker on apical half but broken by an obscure and interrupted pale band before apex; tibiae dark fusco-brownish, frequently paler at middle of the apical half, some- times with a pale mark just be- low the knee but never distinctly 45 Cc . triannulate; tarsi dark brownish to blackish, claws brownish trans- barber lucent; arolia slender, bristle-like, translucent, erect and protruding ; : é forward in front of the claws, Fig. 25. Deraeocoris barberi, male genital : claspers. a, left claspers, lateral aspect; b, nearly parallel but diverging i - = s -: @, rig las ., : vteao amare left clasper; ce, right clasper Somewhat apically. DERAECORIS (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 159 Venter: brownish black to piceous, pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 25) distinctive of the species. - @. Length 6.6 mm., width 3.1 mm.; very similar to the male in form and coloration; segment II, length 1.6 mm., slightly more slender than in the male, gradually thickened on the apical half, length of exserted hairs slightly greater than thickness of segment. Bry Holotype: 3% August, 1906, Glen Sioux County, Nebraska (H. G. Barber); author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type; col- lection of H. G. Barber. Paratypes: 4 122 taken with the types. ARIZONA,—July 3, Flagstaff (H. S. Barber). ¢ 22 July 17, Wil- liams (Barber & Schwarz). COLORADO,—¢2 July Di olden (W. J. Gerhard). ? July 23, Pine (C. A. Hill). MONTANA,—29 Sept. 11, Bear Paw Mountain (Uhler collection). NEW MEXICO—9 Puigol3,leas Vegas (H.S: Barber). This species is named in honor of Mr. H. G. Barber who is known for his excellent work on the Heteroptera and particularly the family Lygaeidae. Mr. Barber is not certain of the tree from which the specimens of this species were collected but thinks that it must have been pine. Deraeocoris barberi lignipes new variety Not differing structurally from the typical barberi; dorsum more uniformly stained with dark brownish; legs uniformly dark brownish black, shining. Holotype: 6 July 29, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona (H. G. Bar- ber) ; author’s collection. Deraeocoris barberi hesperus new subspecies Structurally very close to if not identical with the typical barberi, but differs at least in the general color aspect; calli outlined with piceous and forming a recurved hook at the latero-posterior margins, marked with pale or brown on the disk of each callus; basal half of femora pale, tibiae triannulate with pale, membrane clear, a fumate cloud on the apical half. 6. Length 5.9 mm. Head: width 1.17 mm., vertex .54 mm., length .71 mm.; median line of front and an arc at each side touching the eye pale; broad arc composed of short transverse piceous bars each side of the pale median line and joining above, a piceous spot projecting from each eye upon the vertex. Rostrum, length 248 mm., reaching to near posterior margins of hind coxae, yellowish to brownish. Antennae: similar to barberi, brownish to piceous, darker toward apex of segment II, segments III and IV blackish. Pronotum: structurally very similar to barberi; testaceous to brownish, front margin and anterior angles largely pale; calli outlined with piceous, form- ing a recurved hook at the latero-posterior margins, disk irregularly marked with pale or brownish, a piceous line through the middle of each; anterior 160 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENtToMoLocist oF MInNEsSoTA—1920 angles with a thick piceous line leading to each callus. Scutellum piceous, the basal angles, median line and apex, pale. Sternum and pleura brownish to piceous; ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: width 2.65 mm.; testaceous to brownish, somewhat translucid: corium with whitish spot near base, a larger similar spot on the apical half but more or less divided by fusco-piceous; narrowly at base, between pale spots and more broadly at apex of corium, fusco-piceous. Cuneus testaceous, translucid, apex dark brownish to piceous, inner margin next to base of smaller areole pale. Membrane clear, fumate cloud on apical half, veins and slightly invading the membrane, dark brownish. Legs: basal half of femora pale, apical half with two fusco-brownish or reddish brown annulations; tibiae triannulate with pale and with fusco-brown- ish; tarsi brownish to piceous. Venter: brownish to piceous, shining; genital claspers are not appreciably different from the typical barberi (fig. 25). Holotype: & August 24, 1916, Summit, alt. 7,000 ft., Placer Co., California (W. M. Giffard) ; collection of California Academy of Sci- ences. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: CALIFORNIA, —2?, topotypic. ? July 24, Huntington Lake (E. P. Van Duzee). 14 22 Aug.-Sept., Placer County. Deraeocoris appalachianus new species Closely related to barberi, general aspect more suggestive of a pale nigritulus but differs in the glabrous dorsum and short hairs on tibiae; scutellum uni- formly brownish, less convex than in barberi; tibiae reddish brown, broadly pale on the apical half. 9. Length 62 mm. Head: width 1.17 mm., vertex .57 mm., length .68 mm.; facial angle a right angle, outline of tylus more rounded and the head less pointed than in barberi; marked similarly to barberi but the black color replaced with brownish black. Rostrum, length 248 mm., attaining middle of the hind coxae, dark brownish, basal segment piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .51 mm., fusco-brownish; II, 1.57 mm., slender, thickened on the apical one-fourth but not attaining the thickness of segment I, length of exserted hairs equal to twice thickness of segment at middle, fusco- brownish, darker at apex; HI, .68 mm.; IV, .54 mm.; last two segments brown- ish to black. Pronotum: length 1.34 mm., width at base 2.34 mm., anterior angles 1.14 mm., collar .83 mm.; disk more closely and uniformly punctured than in barberi, rather uniformly dark fusco-brownish, calli and anterior margin of disk brown- ish black; propleura dark brownish, paler at lower margins; xyphus nearly flat, testaceous, pale pubescent. Scutelluwm more flattened than in barberi, smooth and shining, minutely rugulose across the middle, uniformly dark brownish. Sternum and pleura dark brownish; ostiolar peritreme darkened with brownish. Hemelytra: width 2.88 mm., embolar margin slightly more arcuate than in barberi; fusco-brownish, clavus and base of corium more yellowish and semi- translucent, embolium paler and semitranslucent, punctures brownish to fus- Derarocoris (Hetreroprera, Mirae) 161 cous. Cuneus dark brownish, slightly paler at middle, punctures dark brown. Membrane fusco-brownish, paler each side opposite: tip of cuneus, membrane extending beyond tip of cuneus for a space about equal to length of cuneus. Legs: fusco-brownish or reddish brown, tips of coxae and basal half of femora paler, apical half of femora without pale indications; tibiae dark brown or reddish brown, apical half broadly pale, hind tibiae slightly curved, length of longest hairs scarcely equal to thickness of segment; tarsi fusco-brownish, claws and arolia very similar to those of barberi. Venter: dark brownish to piceous, shining, pale pubescent. Holotype: 2 May 21, (at light) Tryon, North Carolina (W. F. Fiske) ; author’s collection. This species is most closely allied to barberi and related forms, all of which are western in distribution. We may, therefore, regard appalachianus as another link in the list of known species which indi- cate a relationship between the fauna of the southern Appalachian re- gion and the mountain faunas of the western United States. Deraeocoris mutatus new species In form and coloration very suggestive of a small specimen of barberi but more ovate; tibiae triannulate with pale, left developed dorsal horn. Length 5.3 mm. Head: width 1.12 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .56 mm.; genital clasper with a _ well- similar to barberi but more broadly black, front and vertex solid black, leaving only the basal margin of head at each side of middle, and a slender lunate mark arising at base of tylus and curving up near front margin of eye, pale. Rostrum, length 2.31 mm., nearly attaining posterior margins of hind coxae, brownish to piceous. Antennac: segment I, length .31 mm.; II, 1.2 mm., gradually enlarged from base toward apex, attaining the thickness of segment I, dusky pu. escent, length of exserted hairs about equal to greatest thickness of segment; III, 48 mm.; IV, .43 mm.; all the segments brownish black. Pronotum: length 1.2 mm., width at base 1.97 mm., anterior angles 1 mm., collar .77 mm.; disk moderately convex, lateral margins sinuate, slenderly car- inate on the basal half, anterior angles narrowed; calli convex, black, a black mark from the antero-lateral angles lying in a depression adjoining anterior angles of disk;-posterior half of disk brownish to piceous, the slender basal margin pale; propleura and xyphus nearly as in barberi. Scutellum moderately convex, smooth and shining, black, basal angles and apex pale to ivory-white, the median line not indicated. Sternum and pleura similar to those of barberi. Hemelytra: width 2.48 mm., embolar margin slightly arcuate; paler than in barberi, apical half of corium darkened, more distinctly piceous on a spot at the middle. Cuneus comparatively large, length of outer margin greater than the distance from tip of cuneus to apex of membrane; black punctate, some- what translucent, blackish at apex. Membrane infuscated as in barberi but in length more abbreviated. 162 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENtomMoLocist oF MInNEsorta—1920 Legs: dark fusco-brownish, trochanters and tips of coxae paler; femora obscurely biannulate with pale at the apices, the band somewhat removed from apex, is interrupted on the anterior face; tibiae triannulate with pale, the basal band just below knee nar- row while the band on apical half is comparatively broad; tarsi dark G as : : b brownish to blackish, claws yellowish translucent, structure of claws and mulatus arolia similar to those in barberi. Leys ; : “enter: brownis ok ining Fig. 26. Deraeocoris mutatus, male geni- Venter Y ownish black, shining, tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect ; pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. b, internal arm of left clasper; e, right 6) Here pan £ tl E clasper, lateral aspect. <0) distinctive of the species. Holotype: ¢ August 22, Tallac, Eldorado County, California (W. M. Giffard) ; collection of California Academy of Sciences. Deraeocoris pinicola new species Closely related to barberi but differs in the antennae and genital claspers and usually is smaller in size; median line of front and just before the calli, pale to ivory-white, antero-lateral angles of calli invaded with pale; general coloration pale to grayish and darkened with blackish, not at all tinged with brownish. é. Length 5.7 mm. Head: width 1.08 mm., vertex .53 mm., length .57 mm.; carina obsolete, collum broadly exposed, black and shining, separated from the vertex by a groove; pale to ivory-white, front with a black are each side of median line, broken into transverse bars in pale specimens; bordering front margin of eyes and terminating in a projection on vertex, base and apex of tylus with two connecting longitudinal lines, stripe from lower margin of eye across gena and upon the buccula, apically on lorae, and _ frequently a spot on juga, black, eyes dark brown. Kostrum, length 2.34 mm., reaching to near apices of hind coxae, piceous, paler at the joints. Antennae: segment I, length .42 mm.; II, 1.51 mm., slender on basal one- fourth, practically cylindrical on the apical half and equal to segment I in thickness, dusky pubescent, length of exserted hairs about equaling thickness of segment; III, .6 mm.; IV, .5 mm.; all the segments black, shining. Pronotum: length 1.34 mm., width at base 2.19 mm., anterior angles 1 mm.; collar .74 mm., fusco-grayish, opaque; disk moderately convex, coarsely black punctate but more closely and less deeply on the posterior half, lateral margins stenderly carinate, nearly straight, anterior angles rounded but distinct; calli convex, partially separated by a pair of punctures, black and shining but in- variably invaded by pale at the latero-anterior angles where a black arc extends to front margin of disk, pale to ivory-white just before; posterior lobes of disk becoming darkened with piceous and black, slender basal margin pale; pro- pleura black punctate, black and opaque surrounding the dorsal half of coxal cleft, margins more or less pale; xyphus nearly flat, infuscated on disk, an- teriorly and the carinate lateral margins pale. Scutellum moderately convex, smooth and shining, black, basal angles, apex and median line more or less, Derarocorts (Heteroptera, Mrripar) 163 pale to ivory-white. Sternum and pleura black, opaque, a spot at dorsal margin of meso- and the meta-episterna shining; ostiolar peritreme white, be- coming blackish above. Hemelytra: width 2.68 mm., embolar margin moderately arcuate, slightly sinuate on the basal half; moderately convex, rather coarsely black punctate; pale to fuscous and black, more nearly black on apical half of corium and embolium, slenderly white along the cubitus near base. Cuneus moderately de- flected, black, more or less pale on basal half, punctures black. Wembrane rather heavily infuscated, a pale spot bordering tip of cuneus, basal half of areoles frequently somewhat paler, brachium and slightly invading the mem- brane more heavily infuscated. Legs: black, tips of coxae and the trochanters paler; hind femora more or less pale on dorsal face of the basal half, an obscure pale mark on dorsal face just before apex; tibiae obscurely biannulate with pale; tarsi blackish, claws very slightly cleft (fig. 2, B) but should not be confused with the type which is deeply cleft near base; arolia slender, erect, bristle-like, translucent, nearly parallel but slightly converging at the very tips. aoe Venter: black and shining, pale : pubescent; genital claspers (fig. = 27) distinctive of the species. “e 9. Length 5.9 mm., width 2.9 « WY, mm., very similar to the male but b Z paler in color; the black are each 3 side of front broken into trans- pinicola verse bars; segment II, length 1.6 mm., slender, thickened on the Fig. 27. Deraeocoris pinicola, male genital é - elaspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- apical one-fourth, scarcely attain- ternal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasper, ae _ are — Spyies TEteEAle aepect. ing the thickness of segment I, dusky pubescent, length of ex- serted hairs only slightly greater than thickness of segment, black as in the male; scutellum more broadly pale, the dark color frequently appearing as a black vitta from base each side of median line; femora more distinctly banded with pale before the apex, tibiae distinctly biannulate with pale; venter chiefly pale, a lateral row of spots, vagina exterior, and more or less on the ventral and anterior margins of segments, black. Holotype: ¢ June 30, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: CON- NECTICUT,—¢$ June 16, New Haven; 2 July 22, Harttords(M: P: Zappe). 2 July 11, New Haven (W. E. Britton). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,— June 10, Rock Creek (O. Heidemann). MASSA- CHUSETTS,—3¢ July 18, Beach Bluff (H. M. Parshley). ¢ July 3, Danvers (C. W. Johnson). ¢ June 20, Natick (C. A. Frost). MIN- NESOTA,—2 Aug. 18, Elkhorn Creek, Carlton Co. (H. H. Knight ), on Pinus strobus. NEW HAMPSHIRE,—1é4 12 Mount Washing- ton (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). 9, Pike, “feeding on Chermes” [no author- ity]; NEW YORK,—<¢é June 9, ¢ 22 June 13, 7% 182 June 14, 29 164 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST oF MINNESOoTA—1920 June 22, 2¢. 32 June 27, 220 22 June 30.6 July, o)-lthaca * 60). 2? June 26, 1246 38? July 13, Ringwood near Ithaca (H. H. Knight), all taken on Pinus strobus. 16 12 July 22, Conifer (H. OSborn). ¢ June 18, 2¢ 52 July 8, Cranberry Lake; 22 Aug. 1-7, Wanakena (C. J. Drake). 22 July 3, Wyandanch, Long Island (Wm. T.. Davis). CANADA,— “Milton, Can.” [? Ontario] (Uhler collection). The writer has found this species only on white pine, Pinus stro- bus, to which tree it appears to be restricted in its breeding habits. At Ithaca, on June 9, the fifth stage nymphs were found in numbers on two white pine trees. The nymphs were living among and were predaceous upon the pine bark aphid (Chermes pinicorticis Fitch), the predator being covered with a coat of white, wax-like, flocculent material, very similar to that which covered the aphids. On June 13, 1914, the adults were emerging rapidly and the next day most of them were out but many still in a tenerel condition. Most of the adults disappear before the last week in July, the females probably depositing their eggs in the terminal growth, there to spend the winter and hatch the following May. Deraeocoris laricicola new species Very suggestive of pinicola but slightly larger and more elongate, differs in the prominent exserted hairs on antennae and in the structure of the gen- ital claspers. 6. Length 6.4 mm. Head: width 1.11 mm., vertex 48 mm, length .6 mm.; carina obsolete but the vertex slightly impressed; marked very similarly to pinicola but the black arc each side of median line rarely connects with the black at base of tylus, the eyes also being slightly larger and more prominent. Rostrum, length 2.22 mm., scarcely attaining the posterior margins of the mid- dle coxae, piceous, paler at the joints. Antennae: segment I, length .51 mm.; II, 1.77 mm., nearly cylindrical but slightly tapering at base, equal in thickness to segment I, pale to dusky pubescent, exserted hairs prominent, in length equal to one and one-half times thickness of segment; III, 69 mm.; IV, .57 mm.; black, more or less shining. Pronotum: length 1.42 mm., width at base 2.28 mm., anterior angles 1 mim.: collar .75 mm., opaque, brownish to black; disk moderately convex, coarsely black punctate, more deeply and irregularly behind the calli and at the sides; lateral margins irregularly defined, delimited by coarse punctures, a few pubes- cent hairs scattered along the margins, anterior angles narrowed, little wider than the collar; calli convex, confluent, black and shining, delimited behind by coarse punctures, the black color extending to front margin of disk except for a small spot before the lateral angles and one between at the median line; disk becoming piceous or black between the punctures, usually paler along the median line and behind lateral margins of calli; propleura more or less pale, black surrounding dorsal half of coxal cleft, opaque, black punctate but more Derarocorts (HertTERoprerA, MiripAe) 165 coarsely near the dorsal margin; xyphus nearly flat, infuscated on the disk, pale pubescent. Scutellum moderately convex, shining, impunctate but trans- versely rugulose on basal half, minutely pubescent, black, basal angles and apex pale to ivory-white, apical half of median line frequently pale; mesoscu- tum moderately exposed, black, minutely pubescent. Sternum black, opaque, median line and spot at base of middle coxae pale; pleura black, margins of sclerites more or less pale, opaque except for spot at dorsal margin of meso- and meta-episterna; ostiolar peritreme white, slightly infuscated at dorsal margin. Hemelytra: width 2.74 mm., elongate, embolar margins nearly parallel, mod- erately convex; background pale translucent, coarsely and irregularly black punc- tate, corium with spot at base, middle, and irregularly across apex, outer edge and tip of embolium, black. Cuneus rather elongate, moderately deflexed, pale, black punctate, the apical half black. Membrane distinctly elongated, strongly infuscated, spot at tip of cuneus and extending more or less to the middle, within the areoles except at margins, pale; veins more heavily infuscated, the dark color invading the membrane somewhat on each side. Legs: fuscous to blackish, tips of coxae and the trochanters paler; basal half of hind femora more or less pale, two or three rows of fuscous points per- sisting on the anterior face; tibiae biannulate with pale, frequently obscured with reddish or brownish; claws not at all cleft, dusky translucent, arolia similar to those of pinicola. Venter: black, shining, clothed ins with prominent pale pubescence ; in paler forms flecked with red- = ae dish, the genital segment, more or ‘less at» basewand. a” row ot 5 spots on sides, black; genital clas- pers (fig. 28) distinctive of the +s species. laricic ola ; : ; a ; 9. Length 6.1 mm., width 2.85 Fig. 28. Deraeocoris laricicola, male genital oe a AE eC claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- mm.; very similar to the male ternal arm of left clasper; ce, right clasper, lateral jy coloration but in form less aspect. elongate; segment II, length 1.74 mm., moderately slender, thickened on the apical one-fourth but scarcely at- taining the thickness of segment I, exserted hairs very prominent, length of those on basal half equal to three times the thickness of segment at middle, pubescence restricted chiefly to the enlarged apical one-fourth; III, .71 mm.; IV, .57 mm., all the segments black; venter brownish to black, in paler forms the black color develops first as a lateral line below the spiracles, on the gen- ital segments and vagina exterior, the paler parts tinged with reddish. FHlolotype: & June 27, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight) ; au- thor’s collection. lus on the apical half; tibiae biannu- / : : late with pale; tarsi blackish, struc- —, kennicolt ture of claws and arolia similar to Fig. 29. Deracocoris kennicotti, maie geni- those in laricicola. tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; Ae ea far (st [i EERO - Se WME minealuenavor left clashes ie. visti clasp: Venter: dark brownish black, heav er, lateral aspect. ily pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 29) distinctive of the species. 9. Length 5.7 mm., width 2.75 mm.; more robust and the hemelytra shorter but in coloration very similar to the male (head and antennae described above). $. Holotype: “Great Slave Lake” [Canada] (Robert Kenni- cot); Unler collection; Cat: No. 24175:.U. S.N..M. Allotype: Au- gust 21, Mount Katahdin (alt. 5,300 ft.), Maine (C. P. Alexander) ; author’s collection. Paratype: 2, taken with the allotype. This species is named in honor of Robert Kennicott, one of the pioneer collectors in northwestern America. The female is described from material collected on Mount Katahdin and thus widely isolated from the type locality but the specimens agree so closely, and the char- acters are so distinctive, there seems to be little doubt regarding their identity. Deraeocoris fulvescens ( Reuter) 1909 Camptobrochis (Euarmosus) fulvescens Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, Nos 2, ps 06. 1917 Camptobrochys (Euarmosus) fulvescens Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 365. Grayish testaceous to brownish, hemelytra semitranslucent, apical half of corium becoming piceous; dorsum pilose, lateral and anterior margins of pro- notum distinctly hairy. 6. Length 5.3 mm. Head: width 1.05 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .6 mm.; shape of head nearest to barberi, facial angle less than a right angle; carina obsolete, collum broadly exposed, black and shining, separated from 168 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 vertex by a groove; front broadly convex, shining, finely pilose; pale to testa- ceous and brownish, bordering front margin of eye, transverse bars each side of front and fusing below in a spot at base of tylus, slender apex and gem- inate mark on tylus, juga, dorsal margin of lorae, spot beneath eye and more or less at base of bucculae, black or brownish black. Rostrum, length 2.37 mm., reaching upon middle of hind coxae, brownish, becoming piceous at base and apex. Antennae: segment I, length .35 mm., brownish; II, 1.28 mm., tapering grad- ually larger from base toward apex but scarcely attaining the thickness of segment I, yellowish to brownish, darker on the apical one-fourth, pale pubes- cent, length of exserted hairs equal to twice greatest thickness of segment; Ill, .54 mm.; IV, .45 mm.; last two segments brownish to fuscous. Pronotum: length 1.25 mm., width at base 1.54 mm., anterior angles 1 mm., collar .74 mm.; disk moderately convex, coarsely black punctate, lateral margins distinct, slightly sinuate, anterior angles slightly rounded; calli mod- erately convex, separated at basal margin by a pair of deep punctures, dark brownish to black, basal margin with a projecting spot at lateral angle, a black arc extending from antero-lateral angle to front margin of disk; disk gray- ish testaceous and darkened with brownish, shining, pale just before the calli; propleura testaceous, finely black punctate, black just above and in front of coxal cleft; xyphus slightly convex, infuscated, longly pale pubescent. Scu- tcllum convex, shining, sometimes transversely rugulose on basal half, clothed with long pilose hairs, brownish black, basal angles and apex pale or ivory- white, the median line sometimes palely indicated on apical half. Sternum and pleurz dark brownish to blackish, pleural sclerites usually more or less pale around the margins; ostiolar peritreme white, sometimes becoming yellowish. Hemelytra: width 2.48 mm., embolar margin slightly arcuate; moderately convex, clothed with erect pilose hairs, yellowish brown, somewhat translu- cent, punctures black, apical half of corium becoming piceous in well-matured specimens. Cuneus yellowish translucent, punctures infuscated, apical half dark brownish to blackish. Membrane pale to fumate, apical half, veins, and more or less invading membrane each side, infuscated. Legs: thickly clothed with prominent erect hairs, reddish brown, tips of coxae, trechanters, and bases of femora paler; hind femora with a pale band before apex but usually incomplete on lower side; tibiae with a distinct pale annulus on apical half, two narrow and poorly defined pale annuli on the basal half, the pale band at middle of basal half usually incomplete on the dorsal side, the dark color usually distinctly reddish; tarsi brownish black, claws simple; arolia bristle-like, trans- Tae, lucent, erect, inclined slightly forward, nearly parallel but converging slightly at tips. G Venter: dark reddish brown to black- b ; ish, shining, longly pale pubescent; a ~ genital claspers (fig. 30) distinctive of fulvescens Ret the species. 9. Length 5.2 mm., width 24 mm., , Fig. 30. Deraeocoris fulvescens, male ae 5 ae ren BA Nae ok clasper, lat. very similar to the male in form and eral aspect; b, internal arm of left color: segment IGE, length 1.34 mm., elasper; e¢, right clasper, lateral as- + : 2 pect. slender, enlarged slightly at apex, rather Deracocorts (Heteroprera, M:irtmae) 169 sparsely beset with long erect hairs which in length are equal to three times the greatest thickness of segment, yellowish to brownish, slightly darker at apex; venter testaceous to reddish or dark brown, a row of impressed black spots, each side on the lateral submargin. A Allotype: & July 24, 1900, Salida, Colorado; type material; author’s collection. Specimens examined: ARIZONA,—é Aug. 3, Grand View, Grand Canyon (H. H. Knight). COLORADO,—2¢ 42 July 24, 1900, Salida; specimens collected with the type. NEW MEXICO,—¢ Aug. 3, ¢ Aug. 5, Las Vegas (Barber & Schwarz). This species should be looked for upon pines in the Rocky Moun- tain region. Deraeocoris pilosus new species Very similar and closely related to fulvescens, but slightly larger and more uniformly colored; hemelytra uniformly reddish brown, not darker on the apical half of corium than on the embolium, tibiae triannulate with pale. 3d. Length 6.2 mm. Head: width 1.11 mm., vertex .52 mm., length .63 mm.; front and tylus more broadly blackish than in fulvescens. Rostrum, length 2.57 mm., nearly attaining posterior margins of hind coxae, brownish to piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .37 mm., fusco-brownish; II, 1.4 mm., tapering from slender at base to thicker, the apical one-third equaling segment I in thickness, pale pubescent, length of exserted hairs equal to twice the thickness of segment, fusco-brownish, slightly darker at apex; III, 54 mm.; IV, .48 mm.; last two segments blackish. Pronotum: length 1.34 mm., width at base 2.28 mm., anterior angles 1.08 mm.; collar .85 mm., brownish black, opaque; disk more closely punctate than in fulvescens, distinctly hairy; calli brownish black, the disk of each callus in- variably paler than at the margins. Scutellum more flattened than in fulves- cens, longly pilose, brownish black, basal angles and apex pale. Sternum and pleura brownish black; ostiolar peritreme largely infuscated or brownish. Hemelytra: width 2.62 mm.; uniformly reddish brown, semitranslucent, rather closely and uniformly black punctate, clothed with prominent erect pilose hairs, apical half of corium never piceous as in fulvescens. Cuneus colored sim- ilarly to the corium, frequently more reddish on the apical half. \Wembrane uniformly pale fuscous or brownish, a slightly paler spot near tip of cuneus, veins frequently reddish brown. Legs: reddish brown, marked with pale very similarly to fulvescens but the tibiae distinctly triannulate with pale. 5 ) c. Venter: dark reddish brown to \— piceous, shining, longly pale pubes- -/ cent; genital claspers (fig. 31) indi- PP! OSUS cate a close relationship with ful- vescens but the right clasper and the Fig. 31. Deraeocoris pilosus, male genital ; $ 5 th claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arm of the left, exhibit spe- internal arm of left clasper; c, right clasper, Bie ee 5 ROSA cific differences. 170 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOoTA—1920 9. Length 3.8 mm., width 2.8 mm., very similar to the male in color but in form less elongate: segment II, length 1.37 mm., slender, enlarged slightly at apex, beset with prominent exserted hairs as in fulvescens, brownish, infus- cated on the thickened apex. Holotype: $ July 26, Mt. Lemon, alt. 9,000 ft., Santa Cata- lina Mts., Arizona (H. H. Knight); Cornell University collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: ARIZONA —4¢ 629 taken with the types on pine at the top of Mt. Lemon. 6¢ 102 July 29, Huachuca Mts., alt. 9,000 it. (H. G. Barber). The writer took specimens by beating a long-leaved pine, Pinus arizonica. Deraeocoris nigritulus new name 1909 Campiobrochis (Euarmosus) nigrita Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, p. 55. (name preoccupied) 1917 Camptobrochys (Euarmosus) nigritus Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. Subovate, hemelytra only slightly convex, dorsum distinctly hairy, legs thickly clothed with long erect hairs; dark sepia brown to blackish, the sub- translucent parts stained with brownish. 6. Length 5.9 mm. Head: width 1.14 mm., vertex .57 mm., length .68 mm.; front broad, moderately convex, carina very slight or not apparent, col- lum broadly exposed, separated from vertex by a- groove; heavily pubescent, dark brownish black, tylus frequently paler and exhibiting two dark vittae, narrow basal margin of vertex and spot on juga frequently pale. Rostrum, length 2.28 mm., reaching slightly beyond hind margins of middle coxae, brownish black. Antennae: segment I, length .51 mm.; II, 1.71 mm., slender, slightly en- larged on the apical one-fourth but not attaining thickness of segment I, dusky pubescent, length of exserted hairs equal to three times thickness of seg- ment; III, .65 mm.; IV, 54 mm.; all the segments brownish black. Pronotum: length 1.4 mm., width at base 242 mm., anterior angles 1.03 mm., collar .85 mm.; disk moderately convex, coarsely but rather uniformly punctate, distinctly hairy, lateral margins carinate, anterior angles distinct; calli convex, confluent, more blackish than pronotal disk; propleura more finely punctate than disk, lower margins slightly paler; xyphus nearly flat, testa-— ceous to brownish. Scutellum moderately convex, smooth and shining, pilose, brownish black. Sternum and pleura dark brownish black, dull except for the small spots at dorsal margins of the episterna; ostiolar peritreme pale brown- ish to blackish. Hemelyira: width 2.9 mm., embolar margin moderately arcuate; slightly convex, clothed with long brownish pilose hairs, rather coarsely and closely black punctate; sepia brown to blackish, embolium semitranslucent but stained with brownish. Cuneus uniformly colored like the corium. Membrane and veins fusco-brownish, slightly paler immediately distad of the areoles and op- posite tip of cuneus. Derarocortis (HeEtTERopTERA, Miripart) 171 Legs: dark brownish to blackish, shining, tips of coxae, trochanters, and bases of femora paler; tibiae rather broadly but sometimes obscurely annu- lated with paler on the apical half, rather thickly beset with prominent erect hairs which ‘in length exceed thick- ness of tibia; tarsi fusco-brownish, claws with a slight indication of a notch (fig. 2, C); arolia slender, Cc bristle-like, erect, directed slightly ; — forward, converging at the apices. nigrilulus Venter: brownish black, shining, clothed with prominent brownish Fig. 32. Deraeocoris nigritulus, male geni- A cena aee , ey tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; pubescence; genital claspers (fig. 32) b, internal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasp- distinctive of the species. er, lateral aspect. . 9. Length 64 mm., width 3.1 mm.; very similar to the male in form and color; segment II, length 1.85 mm., slender, very slightly thickened at apex, beset with exserted hairs which in length are equal to three times thickness of segment, fusco-brownish, darker at apex. Lectotype: & June 25, 1895 (!), Washington, D. C. (O. Heide- mann) ; Cat. No. 24170 U. S. N. M. Allotype: 2 July 2, Washing- ton, D. C. (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. Plesiotype: $6 June 27, Great Falls, Virginia (Wm. T. Davis); compared with type; author’s collection. Specimens examined: DISTRICT OF COLUM- BIA,— 3? May 20 to July 24, Washington (O. Heidemann). 246 2? May 21, Petworth. 29 June 22, Washington (Wm. T. Davis). MARY- LAND,—33462 May 9, 6 May 18, ¢ 3? June 8, corner Conduit and Potomac roads, on Pinus virginiana; ¢ May 28, 22 June 15, Belts- ville; 2 June 20, Odenton; 2¢ June 17, Plummers Island (W. L. Mc- Atee). 22 May 24, Glen Echo (P. R. Uhler). ?% June 15, Cabin John Run (Wm. T. Davis). ? July 6, Blandensburg; % July 3, For- est Glen (O. Heidemann). VIRGINIA,—32 May 31, Four Mile Run (W. L. McAtee), 2? May 28, Dyke. 32 May 30, 1883, “Va. on pine” (Pergande). Both Heidemann and Mr. McAtee have found this species to breed on Pinus virginiana. Deraeocoris albigulus new species Closely related to nigritulus but differs slightly in coloration and in the structure of the male genital claspers; dark fuscous to black, basal half of hemelytra more or less pale between punctures, the paler areas not stained with brownish. é. Length 65 mm. Head: width 1.22 mm., vertex 55 mm., length .63 mm.; vertex slightly impressed at each side and thus causing a slight carina at basal margin; pale pubescent, black, gula and lower half of genae, sides of 172 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 tylus, spot on lorae, basal angles of juga, arcuated streak each side of front, basal margin of vertex, pale. Rostrum, length 2.51 mm., reaching to middle of hind coxae, piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .48 mm., black; II, 1.68 mm., more slender on basal half and gradually enlarged toward apex, nearly attaining thickness of segment I, pubescence infuscated, length of exserted hairs greater-than thick- ness of segment, black, more brownish on the basal one-third; III, .63 mm.; IV, .57 mm.; last two segments blackish. Pronotum: length 1.54 mm., width at base 2.45 mm., anterior angles 1.03 tam.; collar .85 mm., black, opaque; disk and calli black, slenderly pale at basal margin, in paler forms the disk may be fusco-grayish between the punctures; lateral margins more nearly straight and the anterior angles more sharply de- fined than in nigritulus; propleura black, lower margins pale; xyphus nearly flat, pale, a dark mark at anterior angles. Scutellum moderately convex, shin- ing, longly pale pubescent, black, basal angles and apex pale; mesoscutum mod- erately exposed, black, pubescent. Sternum and pleura black, opaque; ostiolar peritreme pale, infuscated at dorsal margin, sometimes tinged with reddish. Hemelytra: width 2.9 mm., structurally very similar to nigritulus; fuscous to black, black color spreading from the punctures, clavus and basal half of embolium and spot on corium paler between the punctures, not stained with brown as in nigritulus, apical half of corium and apex of clavus piceous. Cuneus black, paler between punctures on basal half. Membrane heavily in- fuscated on the apical half, a ray projecting basally between the areoles, veins and slightly invading the membrane either side dark fuscous, the paler areas bordering the brachium and within the areoles fumate. Legs: dark brownish black, in paler forms the hind tibiae indistinctly an- nulated with paler on the apical half; hairs on tibiae less prominent than in nigritulus; structure of claws and arolia very similar to those of nigritulus. Venter: black, shining, dusky pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 33) distinctive of the species, closely related to nigritulus but c exhibiting specific differences. b 9. Length 7.1 mm., width 3.1 albigulus mm.; very similar to the male in form and color; segment II, Fig. 33. Deraeocoris albigulus, male geni- length’ 1.94 mm., slender, thick- tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; ‘ " b, internal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasp- ened on the apical one-fourth but aie Sera Sap etk scarcely attaining the thickness of segment I, pubescence infuscated, length of exserted hairs about equal to twice greatest thickness of segment, fusco-brownish, the apical one-fourth black. Holotype: ¢ June 30, Ithaca, New York (H. H. Knight; author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type on Pinus sylvestris. Para- types: INDIANA,—2¢ 12 June 27, 2 July 4, Miller (W. J. Ger- hard). MICHIGAN,—32 June, Huron Mt. Club, Lake Superior (H. G. Barber). 1¢ 192 July 30, Marquette. NEW YORK,— June 22, 2? June 30, 22 July 8, Ithaca (H. H. Knight), taken on Pinus sylves- tris. Derarocorts (HEeETERopTERA, MiripAe) 173 The writer has found nymphs and adults on Pinus sylvestris but the species will doubtless be found on Pinus resinosa also, a supposi- tion based on the fact that three other species of Miridae, Phytocoris pinicoia Knight, Pilophorus sp. and Pesallus sp. were found to be breeding on both these pines. Since Pinus sylvestris is supposed to have been introduced from Europe in recent times, the species of Miridae mentioned must have bred originally only on Pinus resinosa for it seems quite certain these insects are not known from Europe at the present time. Kee CO) Eke SPECIES OFr.GROUR wi 1. Hemelytra uniformly black or sepia black, the embolium sometimes pale; cuneus frequently translucent but not distinctly paler on the basal half than apex : : ; , ¥ : ; : Hemelytra not uniformly black, testaceous to dark brownish, or with bo background pale to grayish and darkened with blackish, sometimes rufo-piceous (rufiventris) but in such case the cuneus is distinctly paler on the basal half; cuneus pale or reddish at least on the basal half . 4 i Head pale along the median line of front, transversely marked with black at each side; femora brownish black, indistinctly annulated with paler near the apices . : : comanche n. sp. p. 177 Head black along the median line of front or the front entirely pale, never transversely marked with black at each side of the median line; Ww femora largely pale or entirely black, rarely annulated as the above 3. Femora pale, a broad piceous annulation on the apical half; median line of’ frons broadly black, also black along front margin of eyes; disk of pronotum pale at the lateral margins, the median line not indicated ; scutellum with never more than median line pale : : : : : : : : : : apache n. sp. p. 17% Femora black, sometimes with a pale annulation on the apical half, if pale on the basal half then also pale along front margin of eyes; pro- notal disk frequently pale at the lateral margins but in such case the median line is also indicated in pale; scutellum frequently pale or reddish . : : : : : : sayi Reut. p. 174 4. Front of head pale or reddish, if marked with black then the calli pale and lined with black; the pronotum largely pale or fulvous . A) Front of head marked with black, the calli solid black or nearly so . 5 5. Hind femora with two reddish brown bands on the apical half, tibiae annulated with brownish black at near middle, the apices broadly dark- ened with brown; venter piceous . ; fusifrons n. sp. p. 180 Hind femora with one dark brown band on the apical half, tibiae indis- tinctly annulated; venter testaceous, each side with a row of rounded, impressed, polished brownish black spots, one on each segment situ- ated slightly beneath the spiracle : : : d fusifrons deletans n. var. p. 181 174 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 6. Calli largely pale and lined with black, or largely black and marked with pale. 2 ; : : : ; : : : j css Calli solid black . ; ; ; : ; : ; : : a OF: NI Dorsum rutfo-piceous, cuneus reddish on the basal half; legs and ven- tral surface largely reddish, tibiae triannulate with pale : ‘ rufiventris n. sp. p. 184 Dorsum more or less pale yellowish to brownish, each hemelytron broadly piceous at apex of corium and again with a smaller blotch at the middle, cuneus pale on basal half; legs and ventral surface yel- lowish, tibiae and apical half of femora banded with reddish or piceous 5 : 5 : ; : fenestratus Van D. p. 182 8. Legs reddish, tibiae paler and biannulate with reddish brown on the basal half; disk of pronotum fulvous, becoming darker toward the basal margin; hemelytra with background pale to brownish, apex dark brown to piceous, a smaller blotch at middle and in dark specimens this may unite with the black apical area . vanduzcei n. sp. p. 183 Legs pale or yellowish, hind tibiae usually banded with brown near middle, also an incomplete brown annulus on apical half of femora; pronotum pallid to testaceous, frequently becoming darker on the sub- basal margin : , : : : 2 : : ' ‘ aS) 9. Pronotal disk sparsely pubescent, coarsely, irregularly, and deeply punc- tate; calli distinctly swollen; elongate, dorsum rather sparsely beset with hairs; dark coloration with a decidedly rich brownish cast . : cerachates Uhler p. 187 Pronotal nee disanculy ae more finely and rather closely punc- tate; calli nearly flat, beset with a few hairs; form more ovate, dorsum and legs distinctly hairy; dark coloration fuscous to blackish . 2 20 10. Scutellum pale or yellowish brown . : ; : : : 5 2 dll Scutellum marked with black : e : A ; ; : y ulZ 11. Ground color chiefly honey yellow, scutellum yellowish brown, pro- notal disk finely and rather closely punctate : , : ; californicus n. sp. p. 185 Ground eater pallid Za more or Tess bleached, pronotal disk apparently more coarsely and sparsely punctate : californicus desiccatus n. var. p. 187 12. Cuneus pale, darkened at apex; frons pale to yellowish j - : ; californicus bradleyi n. var. p. 187 Cuneus sanguineous, paler at outer margin; frons transversely marked with black each side of median line . ; ; : : californicus rufocuneatus n. var. p. 197 Deraeocoris sayi (Reuter) 1876 Euarmosus Sayi Reuter, Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, plo: 1909 BG Bie aad (Euarmosus) sayi Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No:2, p. 55. 1917 Camptobrochys (Euarmosus) sayi Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. DeraArocoris (Heteroptera, Miripar) 175 Key to the Varieties of Sayi 1. Scutellum pale or red . : : ; : , : : ee Scutellum black, or only the median line pale apically . : : ues) 2. Lateral margins of pronotum black, or only narrowly pale at anterior angles : : ; : : : : : : aan 5S) Lateral margins of pronotum Broad pale or Pe ddigh ; 4 : a V4 3. Front of head pale to reddish es : sayi sayi Reut. p. 175 Front of head distinctly blackish frontalis n. var. p. 177 4. Embolium black like the corium . : marginatus n. var. p. 176 Embolium pale and the cuneus more or less translucent cosials nm. Vat. pe 177 5. Femora black, distinctly annulated with pale near apices : . : : : ; unicolor n. var. p. 177 Femora distinctly pale on basal half, broadly annulated with black at middle of apical half . : ; : femoralis n. var. p. 177 Deraeocoris sayi sayi ( Keuter) $6. Length 7.4 mm. Head: width 1.25 mm., vertex .6 mm., length .68 mm.; carina slight but apparent, collum broadly exposed, pale, separated from vertex by a groove; front broad and only slightly convex; facial angle a right angle or slightly greater, juga prominent, face strongly pubescent; pale to yellowish, surrounding base of antenna, lorae, bucculae, tip of tylus and sometimes a geminate mark on basal half, fuscous to blackish. Rostrum, length 2.34 mm., nearly attaining hind margins of the middle coxae, dark brownish to piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .6 mm.; II, 1.77 mm., nearly cylindrical but tapering smaller at base, equal in thickness to segment I, dusky pubescent, length of exserted hairs about equal to twice the thickness of segment; III, .62 mm.; IV, .43 mm.; all the segments black. Pronotum: length 1.6 mm., width at base 2.82 mm., anterior angles 1.14 mm.; collar .91 mm., yellowish brown; disk moderately convex, rather closely but more coarsely punctate behind the calli, lateral margins distinct, nearly straight, anterior angles narrow but distinct, strongly pubescent or hairy; black, slender basal margin, narrowly at anterior angles, and median line on disk near posterior margin, pale; calli very slightly convex, black, smooth and shining; propleura black, opaque except at dorsal margin, becoming pale at lower mar- gin, more finely punctate than disk; xyphus nearly flat, pale to yellowish, finely pubescent. Scutellum moderately convex, pilose, yellowish to pink or red, the median line frequently paler; mesoscutum moderately exposed, black- ish. Sternum fusco-brownish to black, paler at the median line; pleura black- ish, paler at margins of sclerites; ostiolar peritreme dark fuscous. Hemelytra: width 3.4 mm., embolar margin slightly arcuate; disk mod- erately convex, strongly pubescent or hairy, coarsely and rather closely punc- tate; uniformly black or brownish black. Cuneus moderately deflexed, black like the corium. Membrane and veins strongly infuscated, paler bordering tip “of cuneus and apex of areoles. 176 FIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 Legs: black, femora indistinctly marked with a pale annulus before apex, prominently clothed with long erect hairs; tibiae black, annulated with pale at middle of basal half and more broadly at middle of apical half, thickly clothed with prominent erect hairs which in length nearly equal twice the thickness of tibia; tarsi fusco-brownish, blackish at tips; claws (fig. 2, D) deeply cleft, brownish to piceous; arolia slender, bristle-like, erect but inclined slightly forward, con- verging slightly at the apices. Venter: black, — shining, clothed with yellowish pubes- cence; genital claspers (fig. 34) distinctive of the species. g. Length 7.9 mm., width 3.8 mm., usually larger than the male but very similar in -form and coloration; segment Say! TSS 6 Il, length 1:99. mm., slender, Fig. 34. Deraeocoris sayi, male genital claspers slightly thickened apically but a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arm of left not attaming the thickness of clasper; c, right clasper, lateral aspect. segment I Rather thickly clothed with prominent erect hairs, length of longest hairs equal to three times the thickness of segment at middle, fusco-brownish, black on the apical one- fourth. Plestotype: ¢ “Texas”; author’s collection. Specimens exam- ined: ALABAMA,—dé April 5, Mobile (H. P. Loding). ILLI- NOIS,—¢ June 19, Glen Ellyn (W. J. Gerhard), on oak. MINNE- SOTA,—8 July 2, St. Paul (A. A. Nichol). NEW YORK,—¥® June 14, Ithaca (H. H. Knight). NORTH CAROLINA,—? May 2Z, Ra- leigh (R. W. Leiby). TEXAS,—® April 11, 1¢ 12 May 20, Vic- toria (J. D. Mitchell), on live oak, Quercus virginiana. In the original description Texas was cited as the type locality, but sayi with its color varieties is widely distributed in the eastern United States altho usually scarce in collections. Data on the above collectors’ labels indicate that the species may be found most fre- quently on oaks. Deraeocoris sayi marginatus new variety Similar to the typical sayi but differs in being more broadly pale or red- dish; lateral margins of pronotal disk broadly pale or reddish. Holotype: & June 9, Chicago, Hlinois (W. J. Gerhard), at light ; author’s collection. Paratypes: FLORIDA,—23? April 18, St. Au- gustine (C. W. Johnson). GEORGIA,—é8 April 22 to May 12, St. Simon Island (J. C. Bradley). MICHIGAN,—® “Mich.” Deracocoris (HeEtTEROpTERA, MirIDAE) 77, Deraeocoris sayi frontalis new variety Differs from the typical sayi as indicated inthe key; black, scutellum and mark on median line at base of pronotal disk pale or reddish, front of head and lower part of face largely blackish; tibiae biannulate with pale as in the typical form. Holotypte: 6 June 19, Glen Ellyn, Illinois (W. J. Gerhard), on oak; author’s collection. Deraeocoris sayi costalis new variety Similar to the typical sayi but differs as indicated in the key; hemelytra with costal margin and cuneus largely pale, lateral margins of pronotal disk also pale. Holotype: ¢éJune 19, Pine Island, New York (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. Paratypes: ILLINOIS,—% June 12, Galesburg (Stromberg). MASSACHUSETTS,—8, Waltham. Deraeocoris sayi femoralis new variety Apparently not differing structurally from the typical sayi but very dis- similar in color aspect; black, cuneus except narrowly at base, and the slender costal margin pale translucent; median line of pronotal: disk slightly pale near base, scutellum pale only on median line near apex; head largely black as in frontalis; legs largely pale, femora with a broad blackish band at middle of apical half, a series of fuscous points on the basal half; tibiae triannulate with blackish, the apical band sometimes much reduced. Holotype: ¢ June 17, Norman County, Minnesota (A. A. Nichol) ; Minnesota University collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Deraeocoris sayi unicolor new variety Apparently not differing structurally from the typical sayi but the dorsum uniformly black; head blackish as in frontalis, vertex and sides of front more or less pale. Holotype: & June 18, Glen Ellyn, Illinois (W. J. Gerhard) ; author’s collection. Paratypes: ILLINOIS,—¢ June 9, Chicago; 2 June 18, ¢ June 19, Glen Ellyn (W. J. Gerhard). ¢ June 14, Gales- burg (Stromberg). WISCONSIN,—® June 23, Beaver Dam (W. E. Snyder). Deraeocoris comanche new species Closely related to sayi but smaller and more ovate; front of head trans- versely marked with black each side of the median line. 178 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist or MInNESotaA—1920 é. Length 5.7 mm. Head: width 1.08 mm., vertex .54 mm. length .63 mm.; facial angle practically a right angle, carina obsolete; collum_ black, broadly exposed, separated from vertex by a deep groove; lower face strongly pubescent, juga less prominent than in sayi; testaceous to pale brownish, front transversely marked with black each side of the median line, forming two arcs which meet above at front margin of vertex; a triangular mark each side of vertex and one at base of tylus, geminate mark on basal half of tylus, Jorae and bucculae, dark fuscous to black. Rostrum, length 2.11 mm., nearly at- taining posterior margins of middle coxae, brownish to piceous, darker at base and apex. Antennae: segment I, length .44 mm.; II, 1.74 mm., gradually enlarged from base toward apex, attaining the thickness of segment I, dusky pubescent, length of exserted hairs on basal half of segment equal to more than twice greatest thickness of segment; III, .48 mm.; IV, 43 mm.; brownish black, last two segments darker. Pronotum: length 1.25 mm., width at base 2.14 mm., anterior angles 1.05 mm., collar .8 mm.; disk moderately convex, slightly sulcate and more coarsely punctate each side of the calli on the lateral submargin, lateral margins dis- tinct, nearly straight, anterior angles prominent, black punctate and distinctly hairy; calli convex, a pair of punctures just between, scarcely distinguished posteriorly from the disk except at latero-posterior angles, black, pale just before but a black mark extending from lateral angles to front margin of disk; disk black, shining, broadly pale at lateral margins; propleura pale to brownish, black punctate, blackish dorsally surrounding the coxal cleft; xyphus slightly convex, infuscated, longly pale pubescent. Scutellum moderately con- vex, pilose, black, the apex pale; mesoscutum black, moderately exposed. Sternum and pleura brownish black, basalar plate and margins of sclerites yellowish brown; ostiolar peritreme pale, becoming brownish or even blackish at dorsal margin. Hemelytra: width 2.65 mm., embolar margin moderately arcuate; disk mod- erately convex, coarsely and rather uniformly punctate, clothed with prominent pubescent hairs; brownish black, shining, spot at base of corium and one next to the cuneal fracture, and the basal half of the embolium, pale translucent. Cuneus punctate, pubescent, colored like the corium. Membrane and veins strongly infuscated, paler bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: brownish black, thickly clothed with prominent erect pale hairs; femora with an indistinct pale annulus just before apex; tibiae pale at the ee knee and a narrow annulus on ze the basal half, becoming slightly paler at apices; claws and arolia similar to those of sayt. b c Venter: brownish black or pice- ous, shining, yellowish pubescent ; comanche genital claspers (fig. 35) distinc- tive of the species. Fig. 35. Deraeocoris comanche, male geni- i : 2 tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect ; 2. Length 6 mm., width 3 b, internal arm of left clasper; ¢, right clasp- mm.; slightly larger and more er, lateral aspect. ovate than the male but very similar in color; segment II, length 1.6 mm., slightly more slender than in Derarocorts (HetTeroprera, Miripar) 179 the male, thicker at apex but not attaining the thickness of segment I, brown- ish black, length of exserted hairs equal to three times thickness of segment at middle. Holotype: 3% June 16, Williams, Arizona (Barber & Schwarz) ; Cat. No. 24167 U.S. N.M. Allotype: July 1, Williams, Arizona (H. Barber) ; Cornell University collection. Paratypes: ARIZONA,— ? June 7, Williams (Barber & Schwarz). 22 July 1, Williams (H. Barber). NEW MEXICO,—%, “N. M.”; Minnesota University col- lection. Deraeocoris. apache new species Larger than comanche, femora pale but with a piceous annulation on the apical half. 6. Length 7.2 mm. Head: width 1.22 mm., vertex .57 mm., length .74 mm.; front less vertical and the hind margin of the eyes more removed from base of head than in comanche; black, shining, narrow basal margin of vertex, large spot each side of front and usually connected with juga, tylus except for a geminate mark on basal half, gula, lorae and juga largely, yellowish. Rostrum, length 2.34 mm., reaching to middle of intermediate coxae, yellowish to brownish and becoming piceous at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .6 mm., piceous; II, 1.88 mm., nearly cylin- drical but slightly more slender near base, equal to segment I in thickness, dusky pubescent, length of exserted hairs equal to twice the thickness of seg- ment, yellowish brown, brownish black on the apical one-third; III, .77 mm.; IV. 48 mm.; last two segments slender, brownish to fuscous. Pronotum: length 1.57 mm., width at base 2.74 mm., anterior angles 1.17 mm.; collar .85 mm., dark brownish black, opaque; disk moderately convex ; coarsely punctate, distinctly hairy, lateral margins distinct, nearly straight, anterior angles less prominent than in comanche; calli practically flat, slightly impressed at hind margins, a pair of widely set punctures just between, black and shining, pale just before, a black arc extending from antero-lateral angles to iront margin of disk; brownish black or piceous, lateral margins of disk broadly pale but less broadly at basal angles; propleura pale or yellowish, punctures brownish, brownish black before and behind the coxal cleft; xyphus slightly convex anteriorly, brownish black, pale pubescent, the carinate mar- gins bordering .coxal cavities yellowish. Scutelluwm convex, pilose, smooth and shining, brownish black, the median line, basal angles, and apex pale, in paler forms the lateral margins may be pale from base to apex. Sternwm brownish black, median line and margins yellowish, pleura yellowish brown, more or less brownish black on the disk of each sclerite, distinctly pilose; ostiolar peritreme pale to yellowish, dorsal margin slightly invaded with brownish. Hemelytra: width 3.4 mm., embolar margin slightly sinuate; disk moder- ately convex, coarsely punctate, distinctly hairy, uniformly brownish black, shining. Cuneus brownish black, a small pale point at the outer basal margin. Membrane and veins fusco-brownish, slightly paler bordering the tip of cuneus.: Legs: pale and banded with piceous or black, distinctly hairy; femora 180 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 with a rather broad piceous band at middle of apical half, two series of fus- cous points on anterior face of basal half, a secondary obsolete and more or less interrupted fuscous band just before apex; tibiae triannulate with brown- ish black, also a dark spot on the knee, thickly clothed with long erect hairs, length of longest hairs equal to twice the thickness of tibia; tarsi yellowish brown, darker at apices; claws and arolia similar to those of sayi. Venter: brownish to piceous, paler at the sides, a series of im- pressed piceous spots on each side, hb C one on each segment beneath the spiracle but somewhat removed a apache from it; ; genital claspers (fig. 36) very distinctive of the species. Fig. 386. Deraeocoris apache, male genital 9. Length OD. mm., width 3.4 claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- ternal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasper, mm.; very similar to the male in lateral aspect. 2S color and structure, the piceous band on femora much reduced and more brownish in color; segment IT, length 1.85 mm., more slender than in the male, gradually enlarged toward apex, length of exserted hairs equal to more than three times the thickness of segment at middle, yellowish to brownish, dark brown on the apical one-fourth; seg- ment I more reddish brown than piceous; membrane paler than in the male. Holotype: & June 20, Prescott, Arizona (H. S. Barber); Cat. No. 24168 U.S. N. M. Allotype: topotypic; Cornell University col- lection. Paratypes: ARIZONA,—8 June 17, 22 June 19, s 22 June 20; Prescott (2. S* Barber). ¢, “Ariz «(Uhler collection). Deraeocoris fusifrons new species Larger than fenestratus, frons marked with black, calli solid black, dorsum pale and darkened with piceous; femora pale, two reddish brown bands on the apical half. é. Length 64 mm. Head: width 1.14 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .65 mm.; facial angle slightly less than a right angle, structurally very similar to fenestratus; carina obsolete, collum black, broadly ‘exposed, separated from the vertex by a groove, lower face strongly pubescent; pale to yellowish, bor- dering inner margin of eyes and projecting upon vertex, transverse marks on front each side.of median line, geminate mark on basal half of tylus, spot beneath eye, dorsal half of bucculae, spot at base and the slender tip of tylus, piceous or black. Rostrum, length 2.19 mm., attaining hind margins of middle coxae, yellowish brown, piceous on basal segment and at apex. Antennae: segment I, length .51 mm., yellowish brown; II, 1.6 mm., grad- ually enlarged from base toward apex, attaining the thickness of segment I, dusky pubescent, length of exserted hairs nearly equal to twice greatest thick- ness of segment, yellowish, the apical one-fourth blackish; III, .63 mm.; IV, 48 mm.; last two segments brownish to fuscous. Pronotum: length 1.42 mm., width at base 2.42 mm., anterior angles 1.2 mm., collar .83 mm.; disk convex, coarsely but sparsely punctate, longly pubes- Derarocorts (HertreropTera, Mirae) 181 cent or hairy, lateral margins distinct, nearly straight, anterior angles rounded but distinct; calli convex, subconfluent, black, invaded by pale at the latero- anterior angles from which a black arc extends to front margin of pronotal disk; disk testaceous, becoming piceous on the basal one-third each side of the median line, punctures piceous, more sparsely and: irregularly placed just behind the calli; propleura testaceous to brownish, black punctate; xyphus slightly convex, infuscated, pale pubescent. Scutellum convex, smooth and shining, pilose, testaceous, black vitta each side of median line which fuse at base; mesoscutum moderately exposed, black, brownish at the lateral angles. Sternum brownish black, paler at the median line:and around the margins, pleura yellowish to brownish; ostiolar peritreme pale to yellowish, a blackish spot just above. Hemelytra: width 3 mm., embolar margin slightly arcuate; disk convex, coarsely black punctate, thickly clothed with prominent pubescent hairs; pice- ous or black, more or less pale between the punctures on the clavus, basal half of embolium, spot near base, and at apical inner angles of corium; more nearly black at tip of clavus, large spot on middle and broadly across apex of corium and embolium. Cuneus pale, apical half and narrowly at base black, punctures concolorous. Membrane fusco-brownish, slightly darker on veins and at either side, paler near tip of cuneus and basal half of areoles. Legs; pale, vestiture of hairs shorter and less prominent than in fenes- tratus; femora with two reddish brown bands on apical half, interrupted be- low and on posterior face; tibiae with a brownish or piceous band at middle, the apices broadly darkened a with brownish, clothed with suberect hairs which in length scarcely exceed thickness of tibiae; claws deeply cleft, aro- lia slender, bristle-like, erect, ; nearly parallel but converging oe eos slightly at apices. Fig. 37. Deraeocoris fusifrons, male genital Venter: noes brownish uo elaspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- piceous, yellowish pubescent ; ternal arm of left clasper; c, right clasper, lateral genital claspers (fig, Syiediee aspect. ; 3 tinctive of the species. Holotype: ¢ May, Santa Clara County, California (Coleman) ; author’s collection. Paratype: 4, taken with type. Deraeocoris fusifrons deletans new variety 9. Length 5.7 mm., width 3 mm. Structurally very similar if not identical with the typical fusifrons, also the piceous coloration of head and dorsum very similar but more broadly pale on hemelytra, embolar margin more dis- tinctly arcuate; femora with only one dark brown band on anterior face of the apical half, tibiae indistinctly marked with brown at middle; venter testaceous, each side with a row of rounded, impressed, polished brownish black spots, one on each segment situated slightly beneath the spiracle; membrane pale fuli- ginous. Antennae: segment I, length 48 mm., yellowish brown; II, 1.57 mm., 182 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENTOMOLOGIST oF MInNESoTA—1920 slender, gradually thickened toward apex but not attaining the thickness of segment I, length of longest exserted hairs equal to three times-the greatest thickness of segment, yellowish, the apical one-fourth blackish; II], .65 mm.; IV, 45 mm.; last two segments brownish and darkened with fuscous. Holotype: % August, Marin County, California; Cornell Univer- sity collection. Deraeocoris fenestratus (Van Duzee) 1917 Camptobrochis fenestratus Van Duzee, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, vii, p. 206. Length 5.5-6 mm. Suboval, yellowish to reddish and piceous, punctured and marked with black, shining; margins of pronotum and hemelytra hairy; front of head and vertex devoid of black marks. Length 5.5 mm. Head: width 1.05 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .77 mm.; more produced than in fulvescens, front moderately convex, polished, carina obso- lete, collum broadly exposed and elevated slightly above vertex, brownish; yellow- ish to reddish, geminate mark on basal half of tylus and narrowly at apex, epipharynx, dorsal margins of lorae and bucculae, piceous. Rostrum, length 24 mm., scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind coxae, first segment .at- taining base of head; brownish, basal segment reddish, the apical one piceous. Antennae: segment I, length .48 mm., yellowish, slightly darker beneath, certain hairs equaling thickness of segment: II, 1.65 mm., slender, yellowish, the apical one-fourth slightly thicker and blackish in color, clothed with prom- inent pale hairs, length of several being three times the thickness of seg- ment; III, .68 mm., yellowish; IV, .57 mm., slightly infuscated. Pronotum: length 1.22 mm., width at base 2.17 mm.; anterior angles .94 mm., slightly rounded; collar .77 mm., finely granulate, brownish; disk pilose, distinctly hairy at lateral margins, yellowish to rich brownish, sub-basal areas becoming piceous (disk practically black in one specimen); punctures coarse, black, irregularly but not densely punctate; calli flat, black and shining, a pice- ous arc extending to anterior angles; propleura yellowish brown, in darkest specimens becoming piceous above, xyphus reddish. Scutellum impunctate, shining, somewhat pilose, piceous, basal angles and median line pale; mesoscu- tum brownish, scarcely exposed. Sternum and pleura brownish to reddish, dull; ostiolar peritreme pale but with some reddish. Hemelytra: width 2.72 mm., convex, embolium arcuated from base to apex, cuneus and membrane deflexed; pilose, longest hairs on embolium; coarsely and irregularly punctate, punctures black; shining, yellowish to brownish, more or less translucent, corium broadly piceous at apex, more or less joined with a large spot at middle; embolium pale, piceous at apex and darkened along the extreme outer edge. Cuneus pale, inner basal angle and apical one-third piceous. Membrane fuliginous, darker bordering the veins, faintly paler at tip of cuneus and tending to become a transverse band; veins dark brownish. Legs: pale yellowish to brownish, strongly pilose, long hairs on tibiae equal to at least twice the thickness of tibia; apical half of femora brownish or red- Deragocorts (HeETEROPTERA, MrrIDAE) 183 = dish, indistinctly annulated with paler; tibiae pale, broad- ly banded at apex, middle, and more narrowly near base with is brownish or reddish; _ tarsi G pale, fuscous at apices. “A Venter: reddish, shining, be- feneslralus lenD coming piceous on the genital : segment, strongly pilose; gen- Fig. 38. Deraeocor’s fenestratus, male genital claspers. a, left clasper, lJa‘eral aspeet; b, in- ital claspers (fig. 38) distinc- eo ae of left clasper; c, right clasper, lateral tive of the species. 2. Length 5.7 mm., width 2.85 mm.; very similar to the male in all respects except the genital segment. Plesiotype: paratype, ¢ Aug. 21, 1916, Fallen Leaf Lake, EI- dorado, Go. California (W..7 Me Giftard))> icollection=ot EH. 4P Van Duzee. Specimens examined: paratype, same data as plesiotype. ¢2, Sep- tember, Placer Co., California. Deraeocoris vanduzeei new species Very suggestive of fenestratus but smaller, more ovate, calli marked with black; distinguished by the genital claspers, particularly in the form of the internal arm of the left clasper. 6. Length 4.6 mm. Head: width .97 mm., vertex .48 mm., length .54 nim.; structurally nearly identical with fenestratus; yellowish brown and tinged with reddish, geminate mark on tylus nearly obsolete. Rostrum, length 1.88 mm., reaching upon middle of the hind coxae, brownish and tinged with red. Antennae: segment I, length .4 mm., yellowish, darkened with reddish or brown; II, 1.28 mm., slender, thickened apically and nearly equaling seg- ment I in thickness, the longest exserted hairs nearly equal to three times the greatest thickness of segment, yellowish, the apical one-third black; III, .6 mm.; IV, 45 mm.; last two segments yellowish to brownish. Pronotum: length 1.08 mm., width at base 1.97 mm., anterior angles .85 mm., collar .68 mm.; disk convex, punctures much finer than in fenestratus, lateral margins distinct, nearly straight, anterior angles rounded and distinctly narrowed; calli slightly convex, brownish, front margin and somewhat between, line on the hind margin with recurved hook at latero-posterior angle, mark on disk of each which extends toward latero-anterior angle and frequently joins spot at front margin of pronotal disk, black; disk largely fulvous, darker near basal margin where the piceous coloration spreads from the punctures, beset with prominent pale pubescence, hairs longest at lateral margins and an- terior angles; propleura yellowish, finely punctate; xyphus nearly flat, reddish, pale pubescent. Scutellum strongly convex, smooth and shining, margins pubescent, dark brownish black or piceous, basal angles broadly and the apex narrowly pale; mesoscutum slightly exposed, blackish, brownish at lateral an- gles. Sternum and pleura yellowish to reddish; ostiolar peritreme yellowish and tinged with reddish. 184 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 Hemelytra: width 2.48 mm., embolar margin strongly arcuated; disk con- vex, shining, finely pubescent, coarsely and rather irregularly black punctate; ground color pale to testaceous, piceous. surrounding each puncture and spread- ing to connect in groups, tip of clavus, spot at base and larger one at middle of corium, broadly across apices of corium and embolium, brownish black or piceous. Cuneus pale, opaque, punctures chiefly concolorous, basal angle and apical half brownish black. Membrane practically hyaline, the anal margin and a small point at tip of smaller areole fuscous, brachium frequently infus- cated. Legs: yellowish and darkened with reddish; femora strongly reddish on apical half, an indistinct paler -band before apex, the extreme tips also more yellowish; tibiae biannulate on basal half with reddish, also a spot on knee, broadly brownish at apices; tarsi yellowish brown; claws deeply cleft, arolia slender, bristle-like, erect, nearly parallel but converging slight- ly at apices. Venter: reddish, shining, pale pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 39) distinctive of the species. vanduzeel 9. Length 49 mm., width 2.65 mm.; very similar to the male in Fig. 39. Deraeocoris vanduzeei, male geni- ; ; tal claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, form and color ; segment IDK length internal arm of left clasper; ec, right clasper, 1.6 mm., only very slightly more lateral aspect. : slender than in the male, exserted hairs and coloration not differing from male. Holotype: #& June 5, San Diego County, California (E. P. Van Duzee) ; collection of E. P. Van Duzee. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: CALIFORNIA,—22 June 5, ? June 7, 3 June 12, 2 June 19, San Diego County (E, P. Van-Duzee). - lia 12) os An= geles County (Coquillett). @ June 9, Pasadena (Grinnell). Deraeocoris rufiventris new species Closely related to vanduzeci but larger and differently colored; dorsum rufo-piceous, cuneus reddish on the basal half, legs atid ventral surface largely reddish. 3d. Length 5.3 mm. Head: width 1.03 mm., vertex .51 mm., length .6 mm.; structurally very similar to vanduzeei; yellowish to reddish, rather broadly at apex and geminate mark on basal half of tylus, bucculae, and dorsal margin of lorae, brownish to piceous. Rostrum, length 2.17 mm., attaining posterior margins of middle coxae, yellowish to brown, piceous toward apex. Antennae: segment I, length .48 mm., fusco-brownish; II, 1.51 mm., grad- ually thickened from base toward apex, scarcely attaining the thickness of segment I, dusky pubescent, length of longest exserted hairs equal to twice greatest thickness of segment, yellowish, apical two-fifths black; III, 62 mm., yellowish, dusky at apex; IV, .45 mm., fusco-brownish. Pronotum: length 1.22 mm., width at base 2.14 mm., anterior angles .88 Deragcocoris (HeEtTERopTERA, MiripAr) 185 mm.; collar .71 mm., opaque, brownish; disk rufo-piceous, coarsely and rather irregularly punctate, beset with numerous long erect hairs, longest at lateral - margins; calli slightly convex, more nearly black than central area of pro- notal disk; propleura dark reddish, piceous above, more coarsely punctate bor- dering the dorsal margin; xyphus convex anteriorly, reddish. Scutellum strongly convex as in vanduzeei, smooth and shining, rufo-piceous, paler at slender apex and basal angles. Sternum and pleura dark reddish; ostiolar peritreme red- dish. Hemelytra: width 2.74 mm., structurally nearly as in vanduzeei; rufo-pice- ous, more reddish brown between the punctures on clavus. Cuneus with coagu- lated red, apical one-third and narrowly at inner basal angle piceous, punc- tures concolorous. Membrane fuliginous, slightly paler bordering tip of cuneus, veins and apical half of areoles darker. Legs: sanguineous to dark red, femora with an indistinct paler band on apical half; tibiae more distinctly hairy than in vanduzeei, triannulate with pale, broadest band at middle of apical half, the second at middle of basal half, third and narrowest band just be- neath the knee; tarsi yellow- ish to fuscous; claws and aro- lia similar to those in van- duseet. Venter: sanguineous to rufo- piceous, pale pubescent; gen- ital claspers (fig. 40) dis- rufiventris tinctive but exhibiting a close relationship with vanduzect. Fig. 40. Deraeocoris rufiventris, male genital on 2 * elaspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, in- e. Length 5.3 ee width ternal arm of left clasper; c, right clasper, lat- 2.87 mm.; very similar to the eral aspect. : male but slightly more robust; segment II, length 1.54 mm., only very slightly more slender than in male, yellowish, tinged with red near base, the apical one-fourth black. Holotype: 4 June 28, San Diego County, California (E. P. Van Duzee) ; collection of E. P. Van Duzee. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: 76 59, taken with the types. Deraeocoris californicus new species Ground color chiefly honey yellow, scutellum yellowish brown, hind tibiae with a brown annulus near middle, also a brown band on apical half of femora; pronotal disk distinctly hairy, finely and rather closely punctate. $. Length 6.2 mm. Head: width 1.08 mm., vertex .52 mm., length .65 mm.; carina obsolete, collum moderately exposed, brownish, separated from vertex by a groove; strongly pubescent or hairy, shining; testaceous, gem- inate mark on basal half of tylus, spot beneath front margin of eye, slender dorsal margin of lorae, reddish brown to piceous. Rostrum, length 2.28 mm., attaining hind margins of middle coxae, testaceous, darker apically. Antennae: (missing in the only male specimen). Pronotum: length 1.42 mm., width at base 2.48 mm., anterior angles 1.05 186 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 mm., collar .85 mm.; disk moderately convex, distinctly hairy, finely and rather closely punctate, lateral margins distinct, very slightly sinuate, anterior angles rounded; honey yellow or slightly brownish, punctures concolorous; calli marked with black, a line bordering hind margin, recurved slightly at outer angles and joined at middle, an are bordering inner anterior angles, a trans- verse line on disk of each but frequently interrupted, sometimes extending to join with a black mark near anterior angles of pronotal disk; xyphus slightly convex anteriorly, pale pubescent. Scutelluwm convex, smooth and shin- ing, pilose, brownish, slightly paler at basal angles and apex. Sternum and pleura testaceous to brownish; ostiolar peritreme pale. Hemelytra: width 3.1 mm.; embolar margin straight along middle, rounded slightly near each end; moderately convex, heavily pubescent or hairy, rather finely punctate, punctures infuscated; testaceous or honey yellow, corium with spot at middle, smaller one at base, a broad spot at outer apical angle and slightly invading the embolium, brownish black. Cuneus pale, narrowly at inner basal angle and frequently the apex dark brownish, punctures concolor- ous. Membrane pale fuliginous, veins dark brown. Legs: thickly clothed with prominent pale hairs, testaceous; femora with a dark brown mark on dorsal and anterior face near middle of apical half; hind tibiae with brownish band at middle, sometimes nearly obsolete; claws deeply cleft, arolia slender, bristle-like, erect, nearly parallel but slightly converging at apices. Venter: testaceous, be- coming more or less tinged with reddish, pale pubescent; genital clas- pers (fig. 41) distinc- tive of the species but exhibiting a close rela- ue , tionship with cerachates. CAIMPOrNICUS 9. Length 6.3 mm., Fig. 41. Deraeocoris californicus, male genita] width 3 mm.; very sim- claspers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal ilar to the male in form arm of left clasper; e, right clasper, lateral aspect. . and coloration but the blackish spots on hemelytra much reduced in size, frequently absent from apex of corium. Antennae: segment I, length .54 mm.; II,.1.68 mm., slender, slightly enlarged at apex but not attaining the thickness of segment I, clothed with erect pale hairs, length of longest hairs equal to three times greatest thickness of segment; III, .65 mm.; IV, .45 mm.; all segments yellowish, very little darker at apex of segment II. Holotype: ¢&, Los Angeles County, California (Coquillett) ; Cor- nell University collection. Allotvpe: June 8, San Diego County, Cal- ifornia (E. P. Van Duzee). Paratypes: CALIFORNIA,—%, taken with the allotype. 9, “Los Ang.’ [Los Angeles] .(Uhler collection). Derarocoris (HertTERopTeRA, MiripaAe) 187 Deraeocoris californicus desiccatus new variety $. Length 5.5 mm., width 2.59 mm. Structurally very similar to if not identical with the typical californicus; ground color pallid and more or less bleached, pronotal disk coarsely, deeply, and more sparsely punctate than in californicus, punctures on sub-basal margin becoming piceous; black marks on calli distinctly piceous while blackish spots on corium are nearly obsolete. Antennae: segment I, length .45 mm.; II, 1.48 mm., gradually enlarged from base to middle, nearly cylindrical on apical half and equal to segment I in thickness, pale pubescent, length of longest exserted hairs equal to twice greatest thickness of segment, pale, becoming brownish near apex; III, .57 mm., brownish; IV, missing. 9. Length 5.6 mm., width 2.9 mm., embolar margin more distinctly arcuate than in the typical californicus; more pallid than in the male, infuscations of hemelytra nearly obsolete but the piceous markings on calli equally distinct. Holotype: ¢&, September, Palo Alto, California (J. C. Bradley) ; Cornell University collection. Allotypes: taken with the type. Para- types: 29%, August, San Francisco, California (J. C. Bradley). Deraeocoris californicus bradleyi new variety 9. Length 5.6 mm., width 2.9 mm.; very similar in structure to the typical californicus but smaller, more ovate, and darker in color; frons testaceous, pronotum with punctures piceous on the stb-basal margin, calli heavily lined with black as in desiccatus; scutellum pale, piceous on the median line, or the median line pale and leaving a vitta each side, the vittae sometimes constricted at middle thus tending to form four piceous spots; corium broadly piceous across apex, a large spot at middle and a smaller one at base; membrane pale fuscous, paler near tip of cuneus, veins darker fuscous. Holotype: @%, August, San Francisco, California (J. C. Bradley) ; collection of EP. Van Duzee. .Paraiypes: 2°, taken with the type: Deraeocoris californicus rufocuneatus new variety 9. Length 5.7 mm., width 2.9 mm.; very similar to bradleyi but differs as indicated in the key; cuneus sanguineous, paler at outer margin, frons trans- versely marked with black each side of median line, also black bordering front margin of eye and projecting in a spur upon vertex. Holotype: 9% June 2, Mission Canyon, Santa Barbara, California, (Harold Morrison) ; author’s collection. Deraeccoris cerachates Uhler 1894 Deracocoris cerachates Uhler, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2, iv, p. 265. 1917 Camptobrochys (Mycterocoris) cerachates Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 355. 188 EIGHTEENTH Report State EntoMmotocist or MInNesota—1920 Pale yellowish to rich brownish, becoming blackish on corium and clavus, head marked with black, calli lined with piceous; pubescence moderate, not conspicuously hairy, dorsum with long hairs only at anterior angles of prono- tum; erect hairs on antennae scarcely greater than twice the thickness of seg- ment II. , é. Length 6.7 mm. Head: width 1.17 mm., vertex 57 mm., length .83 mm.; carina very feeble, front moderately convex, smooth and shining; yel- lowish and marked with brown and black, front each side of median line, bor- dering inner margin of eye and projecting toward the median line on vertex, geminate mark on basal half of tylus with median spot at base, dorsal half of lorae and a spot at base of genae, brownish to black. Rostrum, length 2.28 mm., scarcely attaining the posterior margins of middle coxae, yellowish, be- coming blackish at apex. Antennae: segment I, length 54 mm., slightly infuscated beneath, clothed with pale hairs, the longest of which are little greater than the thickness of the segment; II, 1.65 mm., slender, slightly but gradually thickened from base (.057 mm.) to apex (.095 mm.), apical one-fourth infuscated, clothed with several erect pale hairs, the longest of which are little greater than twice thickness of segment; III, .63 mm., infuscated, fine erect hairs equal to twice the thickness of the segment; IV, .51 mm., infuscated. Pronotum: length 1.34 mm., width at base 2.45 mm., anterior angles 1.14 mm., collar .88 mm.; disk deeply and irregularly but not densely punctate, mod- erately convex, lateral margins distinctly sulcate, slenderly carinate, more dis- tinctly so on the basal half; anterior margin and angles clothed with fine pale hairs, the discal area very finely pubescent; calli convex, smooth and shining, confluent, pale between and just before, delimited behind by a heavy black line which is recurved at the outer margin, anterior inner angles broadly black, an irregular disconnected line running through the middle and curving to- ward a heavy black spot at the anterior angles of disk; disk yellowish to rich brown, becoming blackish on the sub-basal margin, narrow basal margin and the median line distinctly pale; propleura yellowish to brownish, the coxal mar- gin anterior to the coxal cleft very prominent, distinctly flaring; xyphus pale, pubescent, a distinctive black spot at each anterior angle just before the coxa. Scutellum impunctate, shining, convex, finely pubescent; pale, black each side of the median line and becoming brown at base, mesoscutum brown. Sternum and pleura yellowish. Hemelytra: width 3.1 mm.; coarsely and deeply punctate, shining, finely pale pubescent; pale, punctures of clavus and corium black, the dark color spreading to connect with adjacent punctures, apex of corium and a large irreg- ular spot at middle blackish; embolium prominent, pale, invaded by blackish at apex, from base to apex slightly arcuated. Cumneus pale, black across the inner basal margin, narrow apex blackish. Membrane fumate, slightly darker on the apical half, paler near tip of cuneus, veins brownish. Legs: pale to yellowish, not unusually hairy, longest hairs on femora scarcely equal to the thickness of that member, length of hairs on tibia scarcely greater than thickness of tibia; hind femora with an indistinct brown mark on anterior face just beyond middle, a faint indication of a second mark nearer the apices ; tibiae becoming brownish at apices, the hind pair with an indistinct brown band at middle; tips of tarsi fuscous. Deragocoris (HETEROPTERA, MirIDAE) 180 Venter: brownish, becom- ing piceous on sides of gen- ital’ segment, the sides with a series of large piceous b C spots, one on each segment just beneath the spiracle; finely pale pubescent; gen- rachale erie ene CELYACIA/IES Uh), ital claspers (fig. 42) dis- Fig. 42. Deraeocoris cerachates, male genital clasp- _tinctive of the species. ers. a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arm : of left clasper; ec, right clasper, lateral aspect. 9. Length 6.4 mm., width 3 mm.; very similar to the male but the black coloration much reduced, membrane nearly clear; segment II, length 1.68 mm., slender, only very slightly thickened at apex, length of exserted hairs about equal to three times thickness of segment, yellowish; sides of venter obscurely marked with a row of brown spots. Aliotype: 3 June 9, Santa Cruz County, California, alt. 600 ft. (W. M. Giffard) ; collection of California Academy of Sciences. Specimens exanuned: CALIFORNIA,— & July 10, Clayton, Shasta County (E. P. Van Duzee). ? July 15, Pescadero, San Mateo County. OREGON,— ¢ June 8, Josephine County (F. W.. Nunen- macher ). This species was described by Uhler from a single female speci- men from San José del Cabo, Lower California, and is now pre- served in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences. The present description is drawn from a male specimen which Mr. Van Duzee has compared with the type and pronounced iden- tical. Ubhler states in the original description: “rostrum reaching over the posterior coxae.”’ At the writer’s request Mr. Van Duzee sent the following notes on the type: “The rostrum scarcely passes the apex of the intermediate coxae, it is flexed somewhat and the best one can do is to estimate. Uhler might easily have thought it would pass over the base of the hind coxae, and it might altho I would estimate it as just attaining the apex of the intermediate. The callosites are outlined in piceous.” KEY TO THE SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF GROUP VII 1. Head except tylus, pronotum, scutellum, and hemelytra except apex of cuneus, reddish ’ ; : ruber ruber Linn. p. 191 bo Hemelytra or pronotum, or both, more or less blackish 2. Hemelytra reddish, pronotal disk black or largely blackish : ruber bicolor n. var. p. 193 Go Hemelytra and pronotum more or less blackish 3. Pronotal disk largely, scutellum, corium and embolium except apically, reddish , : : F ; : ruber danicus Fabr. p. 193 190 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 Pronotum, scutellum, hemelytra except narrowly at base of embolium and corium, black ; ; : : : ; : ‘ . oe 14: 4. Cuneus reddish on the basal half. ruber segusinus Muller p. 193 Cuneus entirely black . , ; : ruber concolor Reut. p. 194 1758 1761 1761 1763 1764 1764 1767 1767 WHS 1776 1778 1778 1778 1778 1778 1781 1781 1781 1781 1785 1785 1787 1788 1788 1788 1788 1788 1788 1790 1794 1801 1801 1803 1804 1806 1835 1840 1843 1852 1861 1865 Deraeocoris ruber (Linnaeus) Cimex ruber Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 10, p. 446. Cimex ruber Linnaeus, Faun. Suec., p. 251. Cimex gothicus b. Poda, Insecta Musei Graecensis, p. 57. (not Linnaeus) Cimex gothicus Scopoli, Ent. Carn., p. 131. (not Linnaeus) Cimex No. 17 Geoffroy, Hist. Abreg. des Ins., i, p. 444. Cimex No. 50 Geoffroy, Hist. Abreg. des Ins.,'i, p. 459. Cimex ruber Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. edn. 12, i, p. 723. Cimex laniarius Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 12, i, p. 726. Cimex capillaris Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 725. Cimex cimbricus Muller, Zool. Danicae Prodr., p. 106. Cimex cimbricus Goeze, Ent. Beytr., ii, p. 252. Cimex croceus Goeze, Ent. Beytr., ii, p. 265. Cimex rubro-acuminatus Goeze, Ent. Beytr., ii, 268. Cimex luteus Goeze, Ent. Beytr., ii, p. 278. Cimex biguttatus Goeze, Ent. Beytr., ii, p. 278. Cimex capillaris Fabricius, Species Ins., ii, p. 372. Cimex gothicus Schrank, Enum. Ins. Austr., p. 283. (not Linnaeus) Cimex rubens Harris, Expos. Eng. Ins., p. 90, pl. 26, fig. 10. Cimex melinus Harris, Expos. Eng. Ins., p. 90, pl. 26, fig. 11. Cimex croceus Geoffroy in Fourcroy, Ent. Paris., i, p. 200. Cimex flammeus Geoffroy in Fourcroy, Ent. Paris., i, p. 210. Cimex capillaris Fabricius, Mantissa Ins., ii, p. 305. Cimex rufescens Gmelin, in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 13, iv, p. 2160 Cimex fuliginosus Gmelin, in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 13, iv, p. 2164. Cimex chrysocephalus Gmelin, in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 13, iv, p. 2164. Cimex haematocephalus Gmelin, in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 13, iv, p. 2166. Cimex haematostictos Gmelin, in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 13, iv, p. 2181. Cimex adustus Gmelin, in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., edn. 13, iv, p. 2185 Cimex gothicus Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, il, p. 249. (not Linnaeus) Lygaeus 6apillaris Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 180. Cimex bimaculatus Schrank, Fauna Boica, 1801, p. 88. Cimex olivaceus Schrank, Fauna Boica, 1801, p. 89. (not Fabricius) Capsus capillaris Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 244. Capsus capillaris Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins., xii, p. 232. Cimex geniculatus Turton, Syst. Nat., ii, p. 687. Capsus capillaris Burmeister, Handb. d. Ent., ii, p. 274. Phytocoris (Capsus) capillaris Blanchard, Hist. des Ins., Hemip., p. 139. Capsus capillaris Amyot et Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins., Hemip., p. 281. Capsus capillaris Costa, Cimic. Reg. Neap., Cent., iii, p. 44 Capsus capillaris Fieber, Eur. Hemip., p. 266. Capsus capillaris Douglas and Scott, Brit. Hemip., p. 442, pl. 14, fig. 8. Deracocorts (HeEtTERopTERA, M RIDAE) 197 1868 Deraeocoris capillaris Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 87. 1869 Capsus capillaris Puton, Cat. Hem. Het., p. 23. 1871 Capsus (Capsus) capillaris Thomson, Opusc. Ent.,'iv, p. 430. 1875 Deracocoris laniarius Reuter, Rev. Crit. Caps., [ii], p. 72—Acta Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn., i, p. 88. 1875 ‘Capsus laniarius Puton, Cat. Hemip., edn. 2, p. 68. 1875 Capsus lamarius Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1875, p. 271. 1876 Capsus laniarius Reiber et Puton, Cat. Hem. Het. l’Alsace et Lorraine, p. 20: 1878 Capsus capillaris Uhler, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xix, p. 408. 1886 Capsus laniarius Puton, Cat. Hem. Palearc., edn. 3, p. 51. 1886 Deraecocoris capillaris Uhler, Check List Hemip., p. 19. 1888 Deraeocoris segusinus Reuter, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xv, p. 649, No. 254. 1890 Deraeocoris seguisinus Atkinson, Cat. Capsidae, p. 100. 1892 Capsus laniarius Saunders, Het. Brit. Isds., p. 260. 1895 Capsus laniarius Douglas, Ent. Mon. Mag., ser. 2, vi, p. 238. 1896 Deracocoris segusinus Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., v, p. 32. 1899 Capsus ruber Puton, Cat. Hem. Palearc., edn. 4, p. 64. 1902 Deraeocoris segusinus Hueber, Jahr. ver. Nat. Wiirtt., 1902, p. 102; (Sep.) Synop. deut. Blindw., i, p. 394. 1905 Deraeocoris segusinus var. capilaris Heidemann, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., xiii, p. 48. 1908 Deraeocoris ruber Horvath, Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung., vi, p. 5. 1909 Deraeocoris ruber Oshanin, Verz. Palae. Hemip., i, p. 755. 1910 Deracocoris seguisinus Banks, Cat. Nearc. Hem. Het., p. 43. 1912 Deraeocoris ruber Oshanin, Kat. Palae. Hemip., p. 67. (as pseudotype) 1912 Capsus seguisinus Jensen-Haarup, Danmarks Fauna, xii, p. 233. 1917 Deraecocoris ruber Parshley, Occas. Papers Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vii, Fauna N. E. 14, Hem. Het., p. 93. 1917 Deraeocoris ruber Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 356. 1920 Deraeocoris ruber J. Sahlberg, Bidrag Kann. Finl. Nat. Folk, Ixxix, No. 2, p. 128. Deraeocoris ruber ruber ( Linnaeus) 9. Length 7.2 mm. Head: 1.37 mm., vertex .65 mm., length .83 mm.; tylus strongly compressed, outline of head appearing nearly triangular when viewed from above, vertex equal in width to the collum, eyes sloping forward away from collar, broadly oval when viewed from the side; vertex ecarinate, sloping backward and downward at posterior margin of eyes, collum moderately ex- posed, abruptly elevated above the vertex; front convex, smooth and _ shining, tylus prominent, facial angle equal to a right angle, lower face finely pubescent: fulvo-testaceous, tylus, dorsal margin of bucculae, small spot on vertex at dor- sal margin of eye and sometimes a spot at median line of front, black. /tos- trum, length 2.9 mm., reaching to middle of hind coxae, brownish to brownish black, paler at the joints. Antennae: segment I, length .8 mm., reaching beyond tip of tylus by slightly more than half its length, piceous; II, 2.42 mm., slender on basal half but thickened apically, nearly attaining the thickness of segment I, the clavate 192 EIGHTEENTH Report StatE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNEsoTA—1920 portion more thickly and closely set with short stiff black hairs, longest hairs not exceeding greatest thickness of segment, piceous, yellowish brown on the middle one-third; III, 1 mm., slender, tapering from base to more slender at apex, yellowish; IV, .54 mm., fusco-brownish. Pronotum: length 1.74 mm., width at base 2.68 mm., anterior angles .97 mm. collar .85 mm.; disk strongly convex but more so on the basal half, deeply and rather closely but irregularly punctate, immarginate, much nar- rowed anteriorly, little wider than collar at anterior margin; calli small, slightly convex, subconfluent, extending to anterior margin of pronotal disk, irregu- larly delimited behind by coarse punctures, not differing in color from the ad- joining disk; reddish yellow or fulvo-testaceous, finely pubescent, punctures be- coming piceous; propleura punctate, punctures concolorous; xyphus flat, finely pubescent. Scutellum convex, rather sparsely and finely punctate, shining, finely pubescent, reddish yellow; mesoscutum slightly exposed, piceous. Sternum red- dish, becoming darker each side of the median line; pleura reddish, shining, finely pubescent; ostiolar peritreme pale, sometimes tinged with yellowish. Hemelytra: width 3.4 mm., embolar margin nearly straight along middle, rounding in to the fracture at distal end; moderately convex, nearly glabrous, shining, rather finely but closely punctate, largest punctures on clavus near scutellum, punctures concolorous, a few becoming piceous; fulvo-testaceous to reddish, outer edge of embolium, slender outer margin of corium near apex, and slender edges of the commissure, piceous. Cuneus sanguineous, paler at outer margin, apex black. Membrane infuscated, slightly paler near tip of cuneus, veins brownish black, the darker color invading the membrane slightly each side. Legs: brownish black, apical one-fourth of femora reddish except for a blackish line on the dorsal face; tibiae yellowish to reddish, becoming infus- cated at apices and on dorsal surface near base, anterior face with a row of distinct colored spines, pubes- cent hairs short; tarsi fusco- brownish, claws deeply cleft (fig. 2, F) ; arolia slender, bris- tle-like, erect, nearly parallel but slightly converging at the apices. ruber ee Venter: piceous, broadly red- Fig. 43. Deracocoris ruber, male genital eclaspers. ; a, left clasper, lateral aspect; b, internal arm of left cent; male genital claspers are clasper; ¢c, right clasper, lateral aspect. Paniredtronn variety segusinus g iS. dish on the sides, finely pubes- Plesiotype: @ July 14, Brooklyn, New York (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. Specicmens examined: CONNECTICUT,—#? June 27, New Haven (B. H. Walden). @ July 9, 2 July 21, New Haven (M. P. Zappe). NEW YORK,— July 2, Maspeth, Long Island? (C> E@lsen): Males of this variety are evidently scarce, indicating that the males tend to be darker colored than the females. Derarocorts (HerTEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 193 Deraeocoris ruber bicolor new variety $. Similar to the typical variety except that the pronotum is black; some- times the lateral margins of the disk and the slender médian line reddish. Holotype: & June 30, New Haven, Connecticut (M. P. Zappe ) ; author’s collection. Specimens examined: CONNECTICUT,—6¢ July 1, New Haven (M. P. Zappe). 2 June 26, Hartford (W. Mar- chand). NEW YORK,—¢ July 14, Brooklyn (W. T. Davis). This variety apparently represents the pale color phase of the male. As is true in many species of Miridae, the males of ruber are normally darker colored than the females. Deraeocoris ruber danicus (Fabricius) 1794 Lygaeus danicus Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 181. 1800 Lygaeus danicus Wolff, Icones Cimic., i, p. 34, tab. 4, fig. 34. 1803 Capsus danicus Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 246. 1804 Capsus danicus Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins. xii, p. 232. 1806 Cimex Daniae Turton, Syst. Nat., ii, p. 674. 1807 Lygaeus danicus Fallén, Monog. Cimic. Suec., p. 93. 1829 Phytocoris danicus Fallén, Hemip. Suec., p. 109. 1831 Capsus danicus Hahn, Wanz. Ins., i, p. 17, fig. 9. 1861 Capsus capillaris var. b. Fieber, Eur. Hemip., p. 266. 1875 Deraeocoris laniarius var. b. Reuter, Rev. Crit. Caps., [ii], p. 72—Acta Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn., i, p. 88. 1890 Deraeocoris seguisinus var. danicus Atkinson, Cat. Capsidae, p. 101. 1896 Deracocoris segusinus var. b. danicus Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., v, p. 33. 1909 Deraeocoris ruber var. danicus Oshanin, Verz. Palae. Hemip., i, p. 7506. 1917 Deracocoris ruber var. danicus Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 357. 9. Head reddish, tylus and a mark extending from dorsal margin of eye to the collum, black; pronotum reddish, becoming black on the basal half but not covering the basal angles; scutellum and hemelytra reddish, clavus and rather broadly across apical end of corium blackish; cuneus red, the apical one- third black; legs and ventral surface similar to those of the typical form. Plesiotype: 2 July 12, New Haven, Connecticut (M. P. Zappe) ; author’s collection. Specimens examined: MASSACHUSETTS,— July 12, Beach Bluff; 2 July 24, Marblehead (H. M. Parshley). This variety represents the usual dark form of the female. Deraeocoris ruber segusinus (Muller) 1766 Cimex segusinus Miller, Manip. Ins. Taur., p. 191. 1787 Cimex tricolor Fabricius, Mantissa Ins., ii, p. 306. 1794 Lygaeus tricolor Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 181. 1800 Lygaeus tricolor Wolff, Icones Cimic., i, p. 35, tab. 4, fig. 35. 194 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 1803 Capsus tricolor Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 246. 1804 Capsus tricolor Panzer, Fauna Germ., fasic. xciii, fig. 20. 1804 Capsus tricolor Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins., xii, p. 233. 1833 Capsus tricolor Dufour, Recher. Anat. Hemip., p. 176. 1835 Capsus tricolor Herrich-Schaeffer, Nomen. Ent., i, Dh alle 1837 Capsus tricolor Spinola, Essai sur les Hémip., p. 190. 1843 Capsus tricolor Meyer, Verz. Schw. Rhyn., p. 108. 1855 Capsus (Deraeocoris) tricolor Kirschbaum, Jahr. ver. Nat. Herz. Nassau, xm, p-.2125 (Sep.)) hyn: v. Waiesb:,Caps., ps. 52: 1860 Capsus (Capsus) tricolor Flor, Rhyng. Livl., i, p. 509. 1861 Capsus capillaris var. c. Fieber, Eur. Hemip., p. 266. 1875 Deraeocoris laniarius var. c. Reuter, Rev. Crit. Caps., [ii], p. 73.—Acta Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn., i, p. 89. 1890 Deraeocoris seguisinus var. tricolor Atkinson, Cat. Caps., p. 101. 1896 Deraeocoris segusinus var. e. tricolor Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., v, p. 33. 1909 Deraeocoris ruber var. segusinus Oshanin, Verz. Palae. Hemip., i, p. 756. 1917 Deraeocoris ruber var. segusinus Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 358. 6. Black, front of head, base of corium and embolium, and basal half of cuneus, reddish; ventral surface of body black, ostiolar peritreme pale; legs colored as in the typical variety or only slightly darker. Antennae: segment I, length .77 mm., black; II, 2.42 mm., slender on basal half, gradually thickened from middle toward apex, practically attaining the thickness of segment I, black, thickly clothed with short stiff black hairs, longest hairs scarcely attaining greatest thickness of segment; III, 1.03 mm., yellowish brown; IV, .65 mm., fusco-brownish. Venter: black, shining, yellowish pubescent; genital claspers (fig. 43) dis- tinctive of the species. Plesiotype: -$-June 29, White Plains, New York (C. E. Olsen) ; author’s collection. Specwunens examined: CONNECTICUT,—# July.21, New Haven (M. P. Zappe). MASSACHUSETTS—¢ Aug. 16, Beach Bluff; ¢° July 24, Marblehead (H. M. Parshley). NEW YORK,—¢ June 20, ¢ July 10, Maspeth, Long Island (C. E. Olsen). This variety represents the normal color phase of the male. Deraeocoris ruber concolor ( Reuter) 1896 Deraecocoris segusinus var. f. concolor Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., v, p. 34. 1909 Deracocoris ruber var. concolor Oshanin, Verz. Palae. Hemip., i, p. 756. 1917 Deracocoris ruber var. concolor Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 358. The writer has not seen an example of the variety concolor Reu- LET. All the varieties of ruber are merely melanic color forms, but as such, varietal names are useful for separating specimens into groups having the same general aspect. Each particular color phase is an in- Deragocorts (HeETEROPTERA, Mirtpar) 195 c, dex to the conditions of environment under which the bug developed. The distribution of ruber in North America would indicate that the species had been introduced from Europe through the agencies of man. Ubhler (1886) recorded ruber as occurring in the “N. St.” The oldest specimen that the writer has seen was captured by Mr. Wm. T. Davis on Staten Island, ¢ July 10, 1888, taken on red raspberry. Mr. Davis also took several specimens on roses, July 14, 1912, in Brook- lyn, New York. Their presence on rose bushes could doubtless be explained by the predaceous habits of the bugs in feeding on plant lice. Puton (1876) records ruber as predaceous,—‘“detruit les pucer- ons.” Douglas (1895) gives some observations on the manner in which ruber fed upon a “pale green aphid.” EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist oF MiInNEsotTA—1920 SPECIES WHICH HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED*FOR PEACEDSIN THE GENUS DERAEOCORIS BUT BELGNG TO OTHER GENERA Lygus robustus ( Uhler) 1895 Camptobrochis robustus Uhler, Hemip. Colo., p. 39. 1917 Lygus robustus Knight, Bul. 391, N. Y. (Cornell) Agr. Exp. Sta., p. 588. 1917 Camptobrochys robustus Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 354. The writer (1917) placed this species as a Lygus and in the pratensis group. Among the material received for study from the National Museum, the writer has found one of the type specimens, labeled in Uhler’s handwriting. It agrees in all respects with the original description and opportunity is here taken to designate it as the type. Robustus is most closely related to Lygus humeralis Knight, but is slightly larger and the anterior angles of the pronotum are less prominent. To Uhler’s description the writer desires to add the following observations on the type: Length 6.3,.mm. Head: width 1.26 mm., vertex .48 mm., length .63 mm., height at base .74 mm.; vertex nearly flat, carina prominent but apparently formed by the perpendicular front margin of the collum; front marked with six or seven oblique or nearly transverse, subcutaneous brownish black lines each side of the median line; rostrum (apex covered with glue) apparently reaching upon the hind coxae. Pronotum: length 142 mm., width at base 2.45 mm., anterior angles 1.11 mm.; calli very slightly convex, basal margins distinctly impressed beneath the level of the pronotal disk, brownish black, more nearly black along the basal and outer margins; two brownish black stripes extending from _ basal margin of each callus to near middle of disk, median line paler than the general coloration of disk. Hemelytra: width 3.1 mm.; apex of mar- ginal vein blackish, or “with black arrest at the end of the costal area” in the words of Uhler; lateral margin of corium pale trans- lucent, the translucent area extending across base of cuneal fracture and around basal angle of cuneus to membrane; cuneus dark brown but distinctly paler along outer mar- gin; membrane clear, or only slightly invaded with brownish from the veins, a dark mark paralleling the brachium at apex of larger — areole similar to that found in humeralis. robuslus Uhl. Venter: olivaceo-testaceous, brownish black Fig. 44. Lygus_ robustus : ¢ Taal EATS along basal margin of each segment but nearly 196 Derarocorts (HeTeropreraA, Miripar) 197 obsolete where a pale lateral stripe is formed, spiracles surrounded with pale ~and this in turn by blackish which occupies the basal half of each segment above the pale lateral line, the genital segment dark brownish black; genital claspers (fig. 44) distinctive of the species. Lectotype: 3 “Colo. 1690.” [= July 10, 1894, on Grizzly Creek, Jackson County, Colorado, from Artemisia tridentata, alt. 9,500 ft. (Gabe ebakem) | Cat Now 24172."U. SS. N. Me The lectotype represents the second specimen mentioned under the original description. The writer has specimens from Jemez Springs, New Mexico, which are slightly darker in color than the type but apparently not differing sufficiently even to be recognized as a color. variety. Lygus pratensis strigulatus (Walker) 1873 Capsus strigulatus Walker, Cat. Heterop., vi, p. 94. 1904 Camptobrochis strigulatus Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, xiii, p. 111. 1917 Camptobrochys strigulatus Van Duzee, Cat. Hemip., p. 354. In making a study of Walker’s invariably miserable descriptions of Miridae, the writer was impressed by the color markings described for Capsus strigulatus. It just happens that in this case the color markings will apply only to certain color forms of Lygus pratensis, and one very dark form in particular with which the writer became familiar during a prolonged study of Lygus. Upon reading the de- scription the writer turned immediately to this particular variety of pratensis and checked over and confirmed the few distinctive marks given for strigulatus. In this instance we must give Walker credit for describing a form which could not very well be confused with any species other than the varieties of Lygus pratensis. In fact this dark variety of pratensis may well be retained as a color variety and on a par with oblineatus Say. The writer has found variety strigulatus in New York and Minnesota, occurring most frequently on weeds during August and September. Distant (1904), in making a study of Walker’s types, places strigu- latus in the genus Camptobrochis but this might be expected from any worker who had not made a close study of the genera involved. Re- cently the writer was agreeably surprised to find among the material from the National Museum a specimen labeled “Capsus strigulatus Walker” in Uhler’s handwriting, representing the same variety of pratensis which the writer had recognized as strigulatus Walker! 198 EIGHTEENTH Report State ENtoMoLocist or MinNEsota—1920 Deraeocapsus new genus General aspect suggestive of both Deraeocoris and Capsus but distinguished as follows: claws not cleft (fig. 2, H), pseudo-arolia absent ; arolia slender, bristle-like and erect, nearly parallel but slightly converging at the apices; metatarsus distinctly thickened, about equal to twice the thickness of either of the following segments, when meas- ured from the ventral aspect equal to the combined length of seg- ments two and three; front tibiae with four or five heavy spines on ventral surface near apex, the arrangement of spines above and below the tibial comb also distinctive (Pl. IX, G-H); segment II of anten- nae strongly clavate apically; dorsum either distinctly hairy or nearly glabrous. Other characters as given in the specific descriptions by Mr. Van Duzee. Genotype: Deraeocoris ingens Van Duzee (Univ. Calif. Publ., Pech Ball lps 237) KEY TO Dire SPECIES OF DERAH@OEGAPSUS Legs entirely black; pronotum and legs conspicuously hairy; segment II of antennae gradually thickened from base to near apex ; : ingens Van D. Femora and basal half of tibiae reddish; not conspicuously hairy, prono- tum practically glabrous; segment II of antennae strongly clavate on the apical half : : : : : : : fraternus Van D. PATE RAS Cis rere (References marked with an asterisk have not been verified in the original. ) ATKINSON, Epwin T. 1890 [Catalogue of the Capsidae.] I1—Catalogue of the Insecta. Order Rhynchota. Suborder Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Fam- ily Capsidae... Jn Journal of the Asiatic Society of Ben- gal, lvili, (1889), Supplement. pp. 25-199. [Separate is- sued with half-page shift in type, thus causing a slight al- teration in pagination. | Amyot, C. J. B., ET SERVILLE, AUDINET 1843 Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Heémipteres. 8vo. Paris. 1843. pp. iii-lxxvi--1-675. Banks, NATHAN 1910 Catalogue of the Nearctic Hemiptera-Heteroptera... 8vo. Philadelphia, 1910. pp. 1-103-+- (index) 1-viii. eee SA OSs, Derarocoris (HeETEROPTERA, MiriIpAe) 199 BLANCHARD EMILE 1840 Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthoptéres, Néuropteéres, Heémipteres, Hymenopteres, Lépidoptéres et Diptéres... Svo. Paris, 1850 (!). [1840-1841] Vols. I-III, pp. 1-672, col. Pisedeult (Orthop), lo" (Neurop.);. Jel @elemip: ye 17 GElyanen.); 1-29) (lepid?), 1-3 \(Dip:): ((Hemipteral pp: 85-218.) [The copy at hand is dated 1850, evidently a sec- ond edition but Hagen gives no data on such. ] BEAFCHLEY, W.S: 1895 Notes on the winter insect-fauna of Vigo County, Indiana. III. Psyche, vii, pp. 279-281. BuRMEISTER, HERMANN 1835 Handbuch der Entomologie... Zweiter Band. Besondere En- tomologie. Erste Abtheilung. Schnabelkerfe. Rhynchota. 8vo. Berlin, 1835. pp.i-iv+3-400. [Issued again in 1839 with slightly different title and with introduction added, but pages 3-400 are identical with the edition of 1835.] Costa, ACHILLE *1852 Cimicum Regni Neapolitani Centuriae. Sm4to. Napoli, PSs8=18522_ Cent. 15,1838;°/6 pp.,.1- coll pl.- "Cent: 2,,.Décas NED, S435 43" pp. 2 Col. pls; Decas 6-10, 1847, 41 pp.; 2 col. pls.; Cent. 3 et 4 (not completed) 1852, 73 pp., 3 col pls. IDisTANT, WL. 1884 Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol I. 1880- 1893. pp. i-xx+1-462, 39 col. pls. Jn Biologia Centrali Americana. 4to. London, 1880-1909. 1904a Rhynchotal Notes—XX. Heteroptera. [On the Capsidae in the British Museum.] Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, xi, pp. 103-114. 1904b The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota.— Vol. II. (Heteroptera)... 8vo. London, 1904, pp. i-xviit+1-503, figs. 1-319. Douctas, JOHN WILLIAM, AND SCOTT, JOHN 1865 The British Hemiptera. Vol. I, Hemiptera-Heteroptera.. . 8vo. London, 1865. pp. 1-x1i+1-628, pls. 21. Doucias, J. W. 1895° Capsus laniarius feeding, Jn Ent. Mon. Mag., ser. 2, vi, 1895. pp. 238-239. Dupa, L. 1885 Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hemipteren-Fauna Bohmens. Jn Wien. Ent. Zeit., iv, 1885. [Deraeocoris annuiipes p. 85.] 200 EIGHTEENTH Report STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—1920 DuFour, LEon 1833 Recherches anatomiques et physiologiques sur les Hémip- teres, accompagnees de considerations relatives a l’his- toire naturelle et a la classification de ces insectes... In Mem; des Savants etrang:-a. lAcads des Sci, av, 183329 pp: 131-461, pls. i-xix. FABRICIUS, JOH. CHRIST. *1775 Systema Entomologiae sistens Insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus... 8vo. Flensburgi et Lipsiae, 1775. pp. 1-832. 1781 Species Insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma auctorum, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibus, descriptionibus... Tome II. Hamburgi et Kiloni, 1781. pp. 1-494. 1787 Mantissa Insectorum sistens species nuper detectas adiectis synonymis, observationibus, descriptionibus, emendationi- bus... Tome I1..-8yo:. Hatfniae, 1787. spp. 1-333) | Elem-= iptera (Rhyngota) pp. 260-320. | 1794 Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus... Tome IV. 8vo. Hafniae, 1794. pp. [i-vi] +1-472+ (index) 5 pp. 1803 Systema Rhyngotorum secundum ordines, genera, species adi- ectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus...8vo. 3runsvigae, 1803. pp. i-x-+1-314+ (index) 1-21. FALLEN, CAROL. FRED 1807. Monographia Cimicum Sueciae. 8vo. MHafniae, 1807. pp. 1-123. [Reprinted in 1818 with identical pagination but a title page containing the dedication is left out.] 1829 Hemiptera Sueciae. 8vo. London, 1828-1829. pp. [1-iv]-++ 1-16, 1828; pp. 17-188, 1829. FIEBER, FRANZ XAVER 1858 Criterien zur generischen Theilung der Phytocoriden (Cap- sini aut.)... Wiener entomologischen Monatsschrift, 11, 1858. pp: 289-327 ; 329-347, I pl. 1861 Die europaischen Hemiptera. Halbflugler. (Rhynchota Het- eroptera.) nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet... 8vo. Wien, 1860-1861. pp. 1-112, 1860; pp. 113-444, 2 pls., 1861. FLor, GUSTAV 1860 Die Rhynchoten Livlands in systematischer Folge beschrieben. 7 DeRAEOCORIS (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 201 ... Erster Theil: Rhynchota frontirostria Zett. (Hemip- tera heteroptera Aut.) 8vo. Dorpat, 1860. pp. 1-820. ’ pE Fourcroy, ANTOINE FRANCOIS 1785 Entomologia Parisiensis; sive Catalogus insectorum quae in Agro Parisiensi reperiuntur; secundum methodum Geof- froeanam in sectiones, genera & species distributus: Cut addita sunt nomina trivalia & fere trecente nove species. _.. Edente A. F. de Fourcroy. 16mo. Paris, 1785. Vol. I, pp. i-vitit1-231; II, pp. 233-544. [Hemiptera in vol. I, pp. 184-231. Fourcroy states in the introduction that the names are furnished by Geoffroy. ] GEOFFROY, ETIENNE Louis 1764 Histoire abrégée des Insectes qui se trouvent aux environs de Paris, dans laquelle ces animaux sont ranges suivant un ordre méthodique... Vols. I-II. 4to. Paris, 1764. Vol. I, pp. i-xxviii-1-523, 10 pls; II, pp. 1-690, pls. 11-22. [Hemiptera in vol. I, pp. 401-513, pls. vili-x. Anonymous edition of the same work appeared in 1762. | GMELIN, JOHANN FRIEDRICH 1788 Caroli a Linné Systema Naturae... Tomes I-III, in 10 vols. 8vo. Lipsiae, 1788-1793. [Insecta in Tome I, vols. IV-V. Vol. 1V, pp. 1517-2224; V, pp. 2225-3020. Hemiptera in vol. IV, 1788, pp. 2041-2224. ] Goze, Jou. Auc. EPHRAIM 1778 Entomologische Beitrage zu des Ritter Linné zwolften Aus- gabe des Natursystems... Zweyter Theil. 8vo. Leipzig, 1778. pp. iii-Ixxii--1-352. [Hemiptera pp. 1-352. | Harris, MOsEs 1781 An Exposition of English Insects with curious observations and remarks, wherein each insect is particularly described ; etc. 4to. London, 1782. pp. i-vili-1-166-+ (index) 4 pp.., col. pls. 50. [See Hagen, Bibhotheca Entomologica, 1, p. 342.] (Hemiptera. Cimex. pp. 88-91, tab. xxvi, figs. 1-13. Dinteie anecribeds: Mos, Elanrisidell: ets Sculpt: 178054) Haun, Cart WILHELM 1831 Die Wanzenartigen Insecten... 8vo. Nurnberg, 1831-1835. Vol. I, pp. 1-36, 1831; I, pp. S7iit 1832 - Uppy W195236. 1833. [For exact dates of publication for the separate parts of the complete work, see Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8 xiii, 1914, p. 365.] 202 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomotocist or Minnesota—1920 HEIDEMANN, OTTO 1905 A list of Capsids from the state of New York, wath the de- scription of a new species. Jour. New York Ent. Soc., xiii, 1905, pp. 48-50. HERRICH-SCHAFFER, GOTTLIEB AUGUST WILHELM 1835 Nomenclator Entomologicus. Verzeichniss der europaischen Insecten; zur Erleichterung des Tauschverkehrs mit Preis- en versehen... Erstes Heft. 1l6mo. Regensburg, 1835. pp. i-iv-+1-116. [Heft I, Lepidoptera and Hemiptera. Hem-= iptera, pp. 35-116.] HorvATH, GEzA *1889 Analecta ad cognitionen Heteropterorum Himalayensium.. . Természetrajzi Fiizetek, xii, pp. 29-40. 1908 Les relations entre les faunes Hémipterologiques de 1’Europe et de l’Amérique du Nord... Annales Historico- Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, vi, 1908, pp. 1-14. HUEBER, THEODOR 1902 Synopsis der deutschen Blindwanzen (Hemiptera heterop- tera, Fam. Capsidae)... Jahreshefte des vereins fur vater- landische naturkunde in Wurttemburg. 1894-1914. [Der- aeocoris in part vii, 1902, pp. 86-148. Also issued as a separate: Band I, parts i-viii, pp. 1-480; Band I, parts ix-xvi, pp. 1-571.] JENSEN-HaaruP, A. C. 1912 Taeger. Danmarks Fauna. XI. pp. 1-300. KrrKaLpy, G. W. 1902 Miscellanea Rhynchotalia. 280-284 ; 315-316. 1906 List of the genera of the Pagiopodous Hemiptera-Heterop- No. 5. Entomologist, xxxv, pp. tera, with their type species, from 1758 to 1904 and also of the aquatic and semi-aquatic Trochalopoda... Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxii, 1906, pp. 117-156. KIRSCHBAUM, C. L. 1855 Rhynchotographische Beitrage, I, Die Capsinen der Gegend von Wiesbaden... Jahr. des Vereins fur Naturkunde in Herzogthum Nassau. Heft x, 1855, pp. 161-348. [Also published as a separate entitled Die Rhynchoten der Gegend um Wiesbaden, I, Die Capsinen... 8vo. Wiesbaden, 1855. pp. 1-189. ] KnicuT, Harry H. 1917 Revision of the genus Lygus as it occurs in America north Deracocorts (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 203 of Mexico, with biological data on the species from New Worle: = “New York (Cornell) Agr: Exp; Sta., Buly Sol, pp. 553-645, 1 pl. 1918 Synoptic key to the subfamilies of Miridae (Hemiptera-Het- eroptera).. Jour. New York Ent. Soc., xxvi, pp. 40-44, 1 ipl MAGRELED Esa AC 1804 Histoire Naturelle genérale et particuliere des Crustacés et des. Insectes...~ 8vo. ‘Paris, vol. xu, XII (1804). [Hem- iptera pp. 165-390. ] LINNAEUS, CARL 1858 Systema Naturae per Regna tria Naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis... Tome I. Editio decima, reformata.. . 8vo. Holmiae, 1758. pp. 1-824. [| Hemiptera, pp. 434-457. ] 1761 Fauna Suecica sistens animalia Sueciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes... Distributa per Classes & Ordines, Genera & Species, etc. 8vo. Stock- holmiae, 1/61. pp. [1-48]-++1-578, 2 tab. [ Hemiptera, pp. 239-267. | *1767 Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis. synonymis, locis editio duodecima, reformata... 8vo. Hol- miae. Tome II, 1767. pp. 1-736+16 pp. McATEzE, W..L. 1919 Notes on two Miridae, Camptobrochis and Paracalocoris (Heteroptera). Ent. News, xxx, pp. 246-247. Wiryer, 127 ks 1843 Verzeichniss der in der Schweiz Einheimischen Rhynchoten. (Hemiptera Linn:)s.. rstes: Heit, Die Familie der Cap- sini. Mit 7 colorirten Steindrucktafeln. 8vo. Solothurn, 1843. pp. i-x+11-116+ (index) i-iv, col. pls. i-vil. MU ter, Otto FRIEDRICH *1766 Minipulus Insectorum Taurinensium. Turin, 1766, 1776 Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu animalium Daniae et Norwegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma inprimis popularium... S8vo. Hafniae, 1776. pp. i-xxxii + 1-282. OsHANIN, B. 1909 Verzeichnis der Palaearktischen Hemuipteren mit besonderer berucksichtigung ihrer verteilung im Russischen reiche.. . 204 EIGHTEENTH Report State Entomo.ccist or MINNESOTA—1920) 8vo. St. Petersburg, 1906-1910. [Band I: part i, pp. 1- Ixxiv-+1-393, 1906; part ii, pp. 395-586, 1908; part iti, pp. 587-1087, 1909. Band II: part i, pp. 1-192, 1906: part li, pp. 193-384, 1907; part iii, pp. 385-492+-i-xvi, 1908. Band III: pp. 1-xvi+1-217, 1910.] 1912 Katalog der palaarktischen Hemipteren (Heteroptera, Hom- optera-Auchenorhyncha und Psylloideae)... 8vo. Berlin, 1912. pp. i-xvi-+1-187. PANZER, GEORG WOLFGANG FRANZ 1804 Faunae Insectorum Germanicae initia oder Deutschlands In- secten... Sm8vo. Heft 1-109, 1793-1813. (Fasic. 93, 1804) [See Hagen, ‘Biblio. sEnt., a1, p27] PARSHLEY, Howarp M. 1917 Fauna of New England. 14. List of the Hemiptera-Heter- optera... Occasional papers of the Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., wil, LO17 = pp-al=125. Popa, NIcoLAUS 1761 Insecta Musei Grecensis, quae in ordines, genera et species juxta Systema Naturae Caroli Linnaei digessit... 12mo. Graecil, 1761. pp. [i-vi]-+1-127+- (index) 12pp., 2 pls. [ Hemiptera pp. 53-60. Cimex pp. 55-60.] Poprius, B. 1912 Die Miriden der Athiopischen Region. I. Mirina, Cylapina, Bryocorina.:;. mit einer tafel und 11 textfiguren. Acta So- cietatis Scientiarum Fennicae, xli, No. 3, pp. 1-204. PROVANCHER, LEON 1887 Petite Faune Entomologique du Canada. Vol. III. Heémip- téres. Svo. Quebec, 1887. pp. 1-354. Puton, A. 1869 Catalogue des Hémiptéres Hétéroptéres d’Europe... 8vo. Paris, 1869. pp. i-vu 1-40. 1875 Catalogue des Hémiptéres (Hétéroptéres, Cicadines et Psyl- lides) d’Europe et du bassin de la Méditerranée... 2° Edi- tion. 8vo. Paris, 1875. pp. 1-155. [Each page printed with a single column and thus leaving half of the page blank. | -1876 (Sec under Reiber, Ferd., et Puton, A.) 1886 Catalogue des Hémiptéres (Hétéroptéres, Cicadines et Psyl- lides) de la faune Paléarctique... troisiéme édition. 8vo. Caen, 1886. pp. 1-100. DeraAgcocortis (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE) 205 1899 Catalogue des Hémiptéres (Hétéroptéres, Cicadines et Psyl- lides) de la faune Paléarctique... quatrieme édition. 8vo. Caen, 1889. “pp. 1-121. | REIBER, FERD., ET PuTon, A. 1876 Catalogue des Hémiptéres-Hétéroptéres de |’Alsace et de la Lorraine... 8vo. Colmar, 1876. pp. 1-40. ReEuTER, O. M. 1875a Genera Cimicidarum Europae disposuit... Bihang till Kong- liga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, in, No. 1, pp. 1-66. 1875. 1875b Revisio critica Capsinarum, praecipue Scandinaviae et Fen- niae. Fors6k till de Europaiska Capsinernas naturenliga uppstallning jamte Kritisk Gfversigt af de Skandinaviskt- finska arterna. Akademisk afhandling, hvilken med _ till- stand af Filosofiska Fakulteten vid Kejserliga Alexanders- Universitetet i Finland till offentlig granskning fram- stalles af Odo Morannal Reuter, Filosofie Magister, hist.- fil. larosalen den 27 Maj, 1875. 8vo. Helsingfors, 1875. fieppea tO; si] eppr 1-190: 1875c Hemiptera Gymnocerata Scandinaviae et fF enniae disposuit et descripsit... Pars I. Cimicidae (Capsina). Acta Soc- ietatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, I, pp. 1-206, tab. Ie 1875. [This contains the systematic matter which was published in the thesis as a separate in 1875b. | 1876 Capsinae ex America boreali in Museo Holmiensi asservatae, descriptae... Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akade- miens Forhandlingar, xxxii, (1875), pp. 59-92. 1876. 1879 De Hemipteris e Sibiria orientali nonnullis adnotationes criticae.. .Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens For- handlingar, xxi, (1878-1879), pp. 42-63. 1879. 1880 Hemiptera in Zoologischer Jahresbericht fur 1879. Her- ausgegeben von der zoologischen Station zu Neapel, i, 1880. pp. 488-543. 1888 Revisio Synonymica Heteropterorum Palaearcticorum quae descripserunt auctores vetustiores (Linnaeus 1758—La- treille 1806). Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, xv, 1888. I, pp. 241-313; Il, pp. 443-812. [Also published as a separate with different pagination, Helsingfors, 1888. ] 1896 Hemiptera Gymnocerata Europae. Hémiptéres Gymnocer- ates d’Europe, du bassin de la Méditerranée et de I’Asic Russe, décrites... Tome cinquiéme, avec 10 planches. 4to Do S iS EIGHTEENTH Report State EntTomococist of MinnEsota—1920 Flelsingfors, 1896. Jn Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, xxill, No. 2, (1896). pp. 1-392, pls. i-ii-biti-x#eol. pls. 1909 Bemerkungen uber Nearktische Capsiden nebst beschreibung neuer Arten... Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, xxxvi, No. 2, 1909. pp. 1-86+-(index) i-iii. Rossi, PETER 1790 Fauna Etrusca, sistens insecta, quae in provinciis Florentina et Pisana praesertim collegit... 4to. Liburni, 1790. 2 vois. pp. 1-272 lr 1-348); 10) col:spis. SAHLBERG, JOHN 1920 Enumeratio Hemipterorum Heteropterorum Faunae Fennicae. Editio secunda aucta et emendata... Bidrag till Kannedom af Finlands Natur och Folk, Ixxix, No. 2, pp. 1-227. 1920. SAUNDERS, EDWARD 1875 Synopsis of British Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Jn Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1875. pp. 117-159; 245-309. (Part III, pp. 613-655, 1876.) 1892 The Hemiptera Heteroptera of the British Islands. A de- scriptive account of the families, genera, and species indi- genous to Great Britain and Ireland, with notes as to local- ities, habits, etc... 8vo. London, 1892. pp. i-vii-+1-350, pls. 32 [31 colored]. SCHRANK, FRANZ VON PAULA 1781 Enumeratio insectorum Austriae indigenorum. 8vo. Augustae Vindelicorum, 1781. pp. [1-22]+1-548, tab. 4. 1801 Fauna Boica. Durchgedachte Geschichte der in Baiern ein- heimischen und zahmen Thiere.... Zweyter Band erste Ab- theilung. Svo. Ingolstadt, 1801. pp. 1-274. (Tomes I- III in 6 vols. 1798-1804.) ; ScopoL!, JOANNIS ANTONII 1763 Entomologia Carniolica exhibens Insects Carnioliz indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates, meth- odo Linnzana... 8vo. Vindobonae, 1763. pp. i-xxxii-+ 1-420+4-2. SPINOLA, MAXIMILIEN 1837 Essai sur les genres d’Insectes appartenants a l’ordre des Hémiptéres, Linn. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la section des Hétéroptéres, Dufour... 8vo. Genes, 1837. pp. 1-383 +3 tables. ee a ————t— Wires)” + a etal Derarocoris (HETEROPTERA, MiIrIDAE) 207 STAL, -CARL 1865 Hemiptera Africana. 8vo. 4 vols. Holmiae, 1864-1866. Vol. III, 1865, pp. 1-200. [Deraeocoris p. 20.] 1863 Hemiptera Fabriciana. I. Jn Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens handlingar, Band 7, No. 11, 1868. pp. 1-148. TuHomson, C. G. 1871 Opuscula Entomologica. 8vo. (In’22 fascicles) Lund, 1869- 1897. Rascs1V, 1871, pp: 361-452: Hemiptera, pps 394- 452. ] Turton, W. *1806 A general System of Nature. 8vo. London, 1800-1806. 7 vols. [An English translation of the Systema Naturae, Ed. 13, by Gmelin in which many of the names were changed. Hemiptera in vol. II, 1806.] UHLER, PHILIP REESE 1872 Notices of the Hemiptera of the western territories of the United States, chiefly from the surveys of Dr. F. V. Hay- den. In U. S: Geol. Surv. Terr., Montana, etc. Prelim. rept: pp: 092-423. 1876 List of Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi river, including those collected during the Hayden explorations Of 18/on in bul. N/E ant BKC VASES SC ke ye Oreste eg ie eye SE 149 Fey OptieuspecieS@OT. 2EOUP Vo. seated oder re eels ake dese he hun lee inoln ee 150 210 EIGHTEENTH Report StaTE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESoTA—1920 Derdeocoris manitou., Van Duzee soa nee coins ee ee eo eee 153} manitou mtermedius new variety ...0....0.0..02.-c es ceeeenee 154 manitou- atratus NEW, Vavietvie -« oto skort hres. cutee ene eee 155 NAVATO New SPeCIES4\s a5 <3 au-c baeca cae aie Oe Nee ee 155 VUOLOCLOFUS MEW. SPECIES, 1. ance aie aoe eae eee 156 barbers, NEW SPEClESte ey ad sche eee ae ee en eee Si barberi. lignipes mew~ SpecieStie. vee acdc: ees Se ade raeee 159 barbert hesperus new- stibspecies 22.00 ..:... csc. aes - eee 159 appalachianus Mew, SPEClES wert eels aceon kere ieror 160 MuUtatUs “MEW. SPECIES «Fes dhetertiets Ciel a a oe aso nia sare encran= ee ieee 161 pinicola NEWASPECIES “<5 40% 2 cio yt cee bere ee eee 162 lariGicOlaamlew. “SPECIES da:- Seas cts eee oe une ee eee 164 Rennicotty Mewr SPCGIES <.!: sane ae ane eer ee Oe eee 165 fulvescens, ‘Reuter ie 55. sxe sasceah ae wes 1 ae ee eee eee 167 Palo SUS. MEW. YSPECIES: "ot ccc, ted Se 25S Serre ea TSO teste ee 169 Mioritulus Tl. t.<=||nigrita Rewt,)! 245... sect nae tn ee See 170 albigulus Mew Species? Sana fess 0 hkl. wets 4 eel She Suntan ot eee 171 Keyatorthe. Species: Of @hOuUps Vibe oases ca ake San eee ee ae 173 DEV ACOCONIS SOV sINCULet> teu cree ae baiert Sem TE Ce Soe ace ae eee 174 SON Is JNANGINALUS NeW, Valley i). cena icc ene ene eae 176 SAyt frontalise MEW VALIetY \ 25. vsaclton these een ee 177 SONT- COSTGIS. MEW VATIEEY. .. oocavucn Does ea Ree ee 177 SAL FeMLOraUs MEW VaTiety 2s. «case sete hid eee mets ee Wifi Sayi-unicoloy New Variety s: <5,ocenpuce iss ee Sn aye eee 177 COMANCHE TEWr SPECIES: sans eke ceo aoe Cee eee 177 Apache NEWeSPECIES aire eee Ee en ee ee 179 FUSUTTOMSHeNEW. “SPECIES... caccinsaceetonetncite ieee tare Seas eis) eee 180 TROIS CHOTA ES MUO NEON, Sécccseacons gemcedenesdoGcc Peete enestratuse Vian: = Diuzeee ac ea eer hee Cee ee eee 182 EVANAWSCEL MEW SPECIES, a.sc-steeneic es 183 TULUCHETUS MEW SPCCIES@ scicint sree chee ern eI ee Se eee 184 COMPOTNICUS THEW OSPECIES, toc. tose te ne ee sa ae 185 califonnicus desiccaiws: New Valietya sesh a2 ace eee eee 187 califormcus bradley Mew vanlety | saseeee ae ce aa ate ee ee 187 californicus rufocuneatus. new variety 40..........-.5-..+0-": 187 cérachates, Merk tf 2 comin ee ee ee 187 Ieyeto the species and varietiescor croup sVNl fee ere tee eee ee 189 Deracocoris ruber Linnaeus: 2 <3.0) x. ccc sc ob Os ee ae eee 19) WWOCT UIGOLOT: NEW, ViATICly, 0h eee ee eee 193 ruber “danicus habricius ac fecie eee sesamiae tc an eee 193 LUO CT SCGUSINUS aNLUllers ae mean ae aa eee acces ee ee 193 ruber concolor. Renter 2i7 oa es uk + aenstas Maes oe ea ee 194 Species described or placed in Deraeocoris which belong to other genera., 196 Leygus. ropusius: (Uinler ota eee ae ete Coke he ee eee ie ee 195 LEVGus prateiwsys singuiatiuse NV alike 2 cee ses acre eee cee eee 197 Deracocapsus Neweeenus..2 i. 68 nv adaca Coase Ue oO ea ee 198 Deracocapsus ingens Vian) Wuzee ana) ae oe een orca ee oe ee 198 Deraeocapsus fraternus: Van Duzee ty. ens sie eeee eee ee 198 iin whim