1

A

TRANSACTIONS

AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY,

HELD AT PHILADELPHIA,

FOR PROMOTING USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.

VOL. XIV.— NEW SERIES.

PART 11.

Article II. — On the Revision of the Tenehrionidce of America, North of Mexico.
By George H. Horn, M.D. Page 253.

£ h i U At I V h i a :

PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY,

AND FOR SALE BY

HENEY C. LEA, PHILADELPHIA;
N. TRUBNER & CO., 60 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON.

PRINTED BY M' CALL A * STAVKLY.
1870.

QL

5%

REVISION OF THE TENEBRMIDD OF AMERICA,

NORTH OF MEXICO.
By GEO. H. HORN, M. D.

The object of the following pages is two-fold — first, to afford a proper means of making
known to science the results of four years field work in California and adjacent regions;
and secondly, to bring before the student of our fauna as nearly a correct list with syno-
nymy of all our species as possible, witli short descriptions and synoptic tables, whereby
all our known species can be readily recognised, rendering it necessary to refer only
doubtful or new ones to those having typical collections for proper comparison.

The Tenebrionida? commence a large series of coleopterous insects, of which the he-
tcromerous tarsi constitute the most important as well as the most constant character;
and although occupying such an important position in this Section of the great Order
Coleoptera, it is neither peculiar, nor without exception.

In the family Trictenotomida?, as well as in Silphidae Staphylinida? and Colyduda?,
we have instances of heteromerous tarsi, although in some instances the character is re-
versed, that is, the anterior tarsi are four jointed instead of the hind tarsi. Two species
of Heteromera are said to have pentamerous tarsi (Tanyrhinus singularis Mann., and Se-
pidium pradieri Guerin.) and one genus, Heterotarsus, has the number of joints reduced
by one in each tarsus, so that the anterior and middle tarsi are tetramerous, while the
hind tarsi are trimerous.

The following characters are those which define all the genera and species known to
me of the family Tenebrionidee.

Prosternum attaining the hind margin of the thorax, epimera never contiguous on the
median, line. Anterior coxal cavities closed behind. Tarsi Iteteromerous, penultimate joint
never spongy beneath. Tarsal claws simple. First three joints of the abdomen connate.
Elytra with distinct epipleurev.

Any heteromerous Coleopteron not possessing all of the above characters, must be re-
ferred to some other family. C'ossyphus has the epimera of the presternum contiguous
along the median line, and the presternum not attaining the hind margin of the prothorax,
and must constitute a family apart and be placed at the head of that large primary division
of the Order in which this peculiar formation of presternum is always found, called by Dr.
Leconte the Ithynchophora.

Even to the present time, many European entomologists persist in retaining Boros and

AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — G4

254 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONHXE OF AMERICA,

its allies among the Tenebrionidae. Mr. Pascoe (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. IV,
Vol. III. p. 153,) renews the opinion, and while noting the fact that the anterior coxa!
cavities arc open behind in Pytho, Boros, et al., appears to lay greater stress on the promi-
nence of the coxae themselves. I fear the more prominent, or rather more visible, char-
acter has engaged the attention of Mr. Pascoe, at the expense of the more important ones.
In the above cited paper of Mr. Pascoe, as well as in others by Mr. Bates, on the Tene-
brionide Fauna of Australia, etc., it is to be regretted that too little attention has been
paid to some of our own genera, with which it is probable some of theirs are closely allied
and perhaps identical. Many have been founded on characters of entirely too trilling
moment, and genera have been multiplied to an extent only exceeded b) late publications
on the genera of Cerambycidae and Curculionidae. From their standpoint Eleodes in our
fauna alone may he divided into a dozen, while each Asida might with equal propriety be
called by a surname of its own.

Although the coxal cavities are never confluent, they are sometimes so narrowly sep-
arated by the prosternum as to allow the coxae to become contiguous, as in Dacoderus

and a new genus.*

The classification adopted in the body of this paper is substantially that of Dr. Le-
conte, with such alterations as the further study of the family seems to indicate, and while
the systems adopted by Leconte and Lacordaire are so widely and fundamentally differ-
ent, the arrangement of the genera is very strikingly similar. In this arrangement one
fact may he noticed more especially; the mentum in the leading genera of each sub-family
attains a maximum, gradually diminishing in size as the more inferior types are reached,
and while this is the case in each sub-family, the mentum in its greatest development in
the three sub-families is gradually smaller. To illustrate; in the first sub-family the men-
turn is very large in the Gnathosiini, and minimum in Dacpderini; second sub-family,
maximum in Asidini, minimum in C'ouiontini ; third sub-family, maximum in Blaptini
(and Coelocnemis), minimum in Apocryphini and Ilelopini ; and while we have a maxi-
mum and minimum in each sub-family, so the Tentyriidae have the mentum of maximum
development, while the Tenebrionidae of minimum. In a study of the family, T have
often been struck with the remarkable parallelism which appears to exist between indi-
vidual genera of many widely separated tribes. As I have been unable to consult scarcely
a fifth part of the genera described, I cannot venture further than the mere hint above1
given.

Before entering on the details of the paper, I cannot omit mention ol the many kind
friends who have assisted me in the loan of specimens, &&; firstly. Dr. Leconte, for the
very free use of his cabinet and library; secondly, of Dr. Lewis, fur many specimens, the

* This genus is in the cabinet of my friend, Mr. Dike, and in Washington, D. ('.. anil, us .Mr. U. is now abroad,
I have not been permitted to study many of the species in his cabinet.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 2oo

result of a Summer's trip to New Mexico; and of the members of the American Entomo-
logical Society, of Philadelphia, as well as the Society itself, for the kind access granted
to their collections.

I have received valuable assistance from many kind friends, who have made collections
in alcohol in various parts of our country, and kindly placed them at my disposal. To
such I return sincere thanks.

1st. To Mr. Wm, M. Gabb, of the California Geological Survey, who made abundant
and valuable collections in all parts of California, Oregon, Nevada, and Lower California,
from Cape San Lucas to San Diego.

2d. To Dr. Cronkhite for valuable collections in Owens' Valley, California.

3d. To Capt, Jno. E. Hill, of California, for several interesting lots from Fort Yuma.

4th. To Dr. J. G. Cooper, for collections in the Sacramento Valley.

My own collections in the West were made principally in California, and extend
throughout the whole length of the State, principally in the Sacramento and Owens' Val-
leys, Tejon, Yuma, Fort Crook, Surprise Valley, and in the Territories of Arizona and
New Mexico, and at all places along the road and at any camps that may have been
made on the journey.

This paper having been written with the view of aiding the American student of his
own fauna, it has been the author's endeavor to be as explicit, as so intricate a subject can
be made. Wherever it was possible, synoptic tables of species have been added, many of
them prepared with considerable outlay of time and trouble. If this paper can in the
least aid those whose collections are in disorder, in properly systematising their species
and appreciating the difference between the genera and species, and above all, if it will
succeed in preventing them, should they ever aspire to authorship, from creating genera
and species unnecessarily, I will feel that I am amply repaid. And to those whose posi-
tion will enable them to study the paper critically, it may be said that, if any errors either
original or copied, be the means of stimulating any one to eliminate them, I think all will
have abundant reason for rejoicing, and to these readers I respectfully request the perusal
of Duval's Tenebrionides, p. 242, and Lacordaire, Genera, V., pp. 1 2 and 289.

In the following pages each species known in our fauna will be at least briefly noticed,
and not merely references given, although the species may be well known. Some species
of Say and Beauvois remain unrecognised, while all are probably known to us under other
names. It is to be regretted that Mr. Walker, (Naturalist in Brit. Col. App.), has seen
fit to publish a large number of our Oregon species, among them some Tenebrionidae, as
new. The descriptions are for the most part totally valueless, and, were it not for the in-
timate accjuaintance all American students have with the fauna of that region, the species
would have remained unrecognised until others, better appreciating specific characters

256 REVISION OF TIIF. TEXKI'.KlDXID.r. OF AMERICA.

among Coleoptera, might have been induced to review his work and so describe the spe-
cies that their correct synonymy could be properly ascertained. From the rep sated study
of his descriptions, 1 am fullj satisfied that all the Tenebrionidse, at least, are old species,
-.nine of them having been described for ten or twenty years.

In reeard to the classification of the family but little nerd here be said. After a very
careful review of all systems heretofore published, I am inclined to adopt that of Dr. Lc-
conte, as giving in a more satisfactory manner the relations the tribes should occupy to
each ether. In a review of the succeeding pages, the reader will rind the tribes numbered
continuously, although in a fauna limited as is our own. these tribes must not always be
considered as of equal value among themselves, nor even equivalents of those of similar
designation in the work of Lacordaire. As the classification of the family on anything
like a natural method has been the result of the labor of few students, and in compara-
tivelj recent times, it can hardly be supposed to bs as firmly fixed as that id' the Carabi-
dae and Staphylinidae; therefore, the author has at times varied from any systems yet
proposed, with the view of lessening the number of exceptional cases that must iuevitablj
occur where any strict line of division is allowed to conflict with natural affinities.

The family Tenel>rionid;c may be divided into three sub-families.

Hind margins of all the ventral segments corneous.

Meso-coxse enclosed by the sterna; trochantin not visible. textyriid.e.

Meso-coxse open externally; trochantin visible. ASIDID.E.

Hind margins of the third and fourth ventral segments partly coria-
ceous; trochantin visible or not. TENEBRlONIDvE.

Sub-Family TEXTYRIID.E.

This sub-family comprises all those genera in which the ventral segments are entirely
corneous, and the meso-coxae enclosed by the meso- and meta-sterna, and with the tro-
chantin consequently invisible. The mentum here attains its greatest development, and
in many of the genera entirely hiding all the other parts of the mouth. The side- of the
gula are usually prominent and applied directly against the sides of the mentum. so that
no gular peduncle can exist. The tarsal vestiture is somewhat variable, in most of the
genera the tarsi have very coarse, almost spinous hairs, and much more rarely silky pu-
bescent.

The following table will serve to distinguish the tribes in our fauna.
Mentum large, concealing both maxillae and ligiria.

Episterna of metathorax very wide; front trilobed. epiphysini.

Episterna of metathorax narrow.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 257

Front uni or trilobed.

Body apterous ; metasternum short. gnathosiini.

Body winged; metasternum long.

Anterior tibiae slender, with two spurs. efitragini.

Anterior tibia? with the outer apical angle prolonged

and with a single spur. cnemodini.

Front broadly rounded. thinobatini.

Mentum large, concealing either ligula or maxillse, never both ;

Tibial spurs distinct. batuliini.

Tibial spurs very minute.

Anterior coxa' widely separated.

Eyes transverse, finely granulated. zopherini.

Eyes rounded, coarsely granulated. tjsechini.

Anterior cox;c narrowly separated;

antenna? 11-jointed. stenosiini.

Anterior coxa? continguous ;

antenna? 10-jointed. dacoderini.

TRIBE I — EPIPHYSINI.

Body short, convex, apterous; epistoma trilobed, labrura prominent; mentum very
large, entirely filling the gular cavity; ligula and maxillae concealed; thorax very short,
anterior angles prominent, acute; elytra globose, sides embracing widely the flanks, epi-
pleurae narrowing; coxa? widely separated, the posterior transverse; presternum closely
fitting to the mesosternum. Tarsi slender, sparsely ciliate with long hairs.

Tins tribe contains in our fauna but one genus.

EDROTES, Lee.
Edrotes, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 141.
E. rotundus, Say, (Pimelia) Joum. Acad., 3,251; Lee. (Edrotes) Ann. Lye. V, 141. Lac. Genera, PL 4S, fig. 2.

Sub-opaque, coarsely but sparsely punctured and sparsely clothed with reddish hairs.
Length .25-30 inch.

Occurs rather abundantly on the Plains of Kansas and Nebraska.

E. ventrieosus, Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 141; Lac. Genera, PI. 48. tig. 3; Thomson, Arcana Naturae, Vol. I, PI.
XII, fig. 8.

Shining, more finely and sparsely punctured and sparsely clothed with greyish hair.
Length .41 inch.

Occurs in the Desert region of California east of the Sierra Nevada, and in similar re-
gions of Arizona and Nevada.

AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 65

258 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDjE OF AMERICA,

TRIBE II — GNATHOSHNI.

Body variable in form, apterous; epistoma in our genera with at least a prominent
middle lobe, labrum prominent; mentum large; ligula and maxillae concealed; pro- and
mesosternum not contiguous. Tarsi variable in vestiture.

Our genera may be arranged —

[ntercoxal process of abdomen broad, truncate.

Pronotum continuous with the flanks; middle lobe of epistoma short, broadly emarginate,

lateral lobes verj prominent. craniotus.

Marginal line of thorax distinct.

Mandibles toothed above. trioroimh s.

Mandibles nol toothed above.

Hind tarsi with first joint equal to 3 — i. btibia.

" tarsi with firsi and last joints equal. triphali -.

Intercoxal process of abdomen narrow, acute.

Middle lobe of epistoma rounded; eyes with superciliary ridge. tkimytis.

.Middle- lobe of epistoma truncate; eyes with superciliary ridge. cryptatjius.

Middle lobe of epistoma emarginate; eyeswithout " " auchmobius.

The last three genera may be distinguished from the preceding genera by their robust
form. The body is convex, and in two genera quite globose. The sides of the thorax
arc regularly rounded and narrow gradually from the basal angles. The base of thorax
is us wide as the base of the elytra. The form of the body is therefore regularly oval.
The head is also less prominent and more transverse than in the preceding genera of the
tribe.

CRANIOTUS, Lee.
Craniotus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 142.

('. pubescens, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 143, the only species of the genus known.

The genus may he readily distinguished from all others of the tribe by the very prominent
triangular lateral lobes of the head. The median lobe is very short and broadly emarginate,
labrum prominent, feebly emarginate, anterior angles rounded. The epipleurae and the
elytra are connate without trace of suture. The metasternal parapleural are broad and
without epimera. The antenna? are longer than the head and thorax, third joint equal to
fourth and fifth. The last joint is small, conical and connate with the preceding, so that
the antenna? appear to have but ten joints. The last joint of the maxillary palpi is
broadly triangular, the apical side larger in the male, and much more narrow in the fe-
male. Craniotus is not rare on the Maricopa desert of Arizona under fallen trunks ol
Cereus giganteus, from March to November.
Length .45—50 inch.

TRIOROPHUS, Lee.
Triorophus, Lee, Aim. Lye. V, 141.

In Triorophus the mandibles have a superior tooth which clasps the sides of the promi-

NORTH OF MEXICO. 259

nent middle lobe of the epistoma. This lobe is rounded in front, more acute at its mid-
dle, emarginate at the sides, and with a very convex surface, so that the front is umbonate.
The labrum is not visible. The maxillary palpi have nearly equal joints, the last being
feebly triangular. They are alike in both sexes. The metasternal parapleural are nar-
row, the elytral epipleurse narrow, but separated by a distinct line.
The species of this genus may be tabulated —
Head smooth, thorax transverse, frontal umbone large. nodiceps.

Head coarsely punctured, thorax transverse, frontal umbone moderate, p u n c t a t u s .
Head punctured or sulcate, thorax quadrate, narrower behind.

Elytra shining. 1 se vi s .

Elytra opaque, pubescent. subpubescens.

T. nodiceps, Lee, Proc. Acad. 6, 447; Thomson, Arcana, Vol. I, PI. XIII, fig. T.

This is our largest species, and may be distinguished by the almost entirely smooth
head, the transverse and finely and densely punctured thorax. The frontal umbone is
more convex than in any of our other species. Found in Texas.

Length .30 inch.

T. punetatus, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 140.

But one specimen of this species is known, a single dead individual having been
found at Vallecito, C'al. It is stouter and more robust than the other species. The head
is coarsely punctured, and the thorax transverse coarsely and confluently punctured.

Length .25 inch.

T. lsevis, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 141; rugiceps, Lee, loe cit.; Lao. Genera, pi. 48, fig. 4.

This is the most abundant of our species. Specimens occur from Tejon, C'al., to the
western base of the Rocky Mountains in Arizona. The thorax is nearly as long as broad
and notably narrower behind, and has its upper surface finely but distantly punctured.
The head varies in sculpture ; in some the punctures are very fine and distant, in others
the head is sulcate by the confluence of coarse punctures. These two forms constitute re-
spectively Icevis and rugiceps. I have had opportunity of examining many specimens, and
find every shade of variation from one to the other.

Length .25 inch.

T. subpubescens, brownish black, sub-opaque. Head coarsely and densely punctured and longitudinally finely
sulcate; umbone moderately prominent, finely punctured. Thorax slightly broader than long, sides moderately
rounded. Surface convex, coarsely and densely but not confluently punctured. Head and thorax with sparsely
placed short yellow hairs. Elytra oval, moderately convex, faintly striato-punctate with the interstices with two rows
of very faint punctures, sparsely pubescent with the short hairs arranged between the rows of larger punctures. Body
beneath paler. Thorax coarsely and densely punctured, meso and metasterna very coarsely punctured, abdomen finely
and sparsely punctured. Length .30 inch.

200 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.dE OF AMERICA,

Differs from all other preceding species by its opaque surface, sparsely clothed with
pubescence. Our other black and shining species are covered with a white dust or pul-
verulescence easily removed by handling. This same dust-like coat may be noticed on
many of our smooth Tenebrionidae, and the more especially among those of the higher

tribes.

STIBIA, n. g.

This genus differs 1'rom Triorophus by the following characters: Front trilobed, mid-
dle lobe triangtdar slightly deflexed, lateral lobes broadly rounded. Tarsi pubescent and
spinous beneath. Eyes with distinct superciliary ridge, rounded and feebly emarginate.
Mandibles without tooth on upper surface.

The form of the trout in the unique species of this genus is entirely different from any-
thing seen in the tribe. The lateral lobes are broadly rounded, the middle slightly de-
flexed, forming an angle with the rest of the front, the ridge being continous with the
sides of the front, so that when the front is viewed from above it appears broadly rounded
a- in the next tribe, and thus approaches the form seen in foreign genera allied to Tentyria.

S. puncticollis, black shining, head coarsely anil confluently punctured, thorax moderately convex, coarsely
and densely punctured, one-half broader than long. Sides broadly rounded, margin acute; angles distinct; anteriorly
feebly emarginate, posteriorly feebly sinuate. Elytra convex, elongate, oval, with nine rows of strong punctures on
the disc, cur marginal row and a short scutellar row of 3 or 4 punctures. Beneath coarsely and densely punctured.
!,<-•, ferruginous, brown. Length .32-38 inch.

Peninsula of California. Collected by Mr. Win. M. Gabb, to whom I must again ac-
knowledge indebtedness for collections, made in all parts of California, kindly placed at
my disposal.

TRIPHALUS, Lee.
Triphalus, Lee, New Species, 104.

Triphalus differs abundantly from any of the other genera already noted. The form
of front approaches that seen in Trimytis. The middle lobe is rather triangular with the
greatesl dimension transverse, the sides are broadly rounded; tin- lateral lobes are very
distinct andseparted from the median by a well defined incisure. The mandibles are not
toothed above. The tarsi are very distinctly pubescent beneath, more so than in any
other genera of this tribe, and with the first joint of the hind tarsi rather shorter than the
last.

T. I'un.'t ;ii us. Lec, \Y\\ Species, 104.

The onh species known, is brownish in color, with head and thorax strongly punc-
tured. The elytra have rows of Large punctures in lines arranged in eight discoidal and
one marginal series, with a short scutellar row.

Lower California. Collected by Mr. Xantus.

Length .•J(i-;3:J.

NORTH OF MEXICO. '261

TRIMYTIS, Lee.
Trimytis, Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 141.

With this genus commences a series of an oval, rather robust form. In them the
thorax is as wide at base as the base of the elytra. The intercoxal process of the abdo-
men is triangular and acute. The form of front in Trimytis is nearly that seen in the
preceding genus. The middle lobe is broader with sides less convergent, and truncate,
the lateral lobes are small, rounded and separated from the middle lobe anteriorly by a
fissure or incisure, as in Triphalus. The eyes have slight superciliary ridges, more de-
veloped in front of the eyes than above them.

T. pruinosa, Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 141. Form elongate oval, convex, glossy Mack. Head and thorax densely
but not very coarsely punctured. Thorax one-half broader than long, sides slightly rounded, gradually narrowing from
hind angles, which are rectangular, apex emarginate, base truncate, anterior angles prominent acute. Elytra oval
truncate at base, scarcely wider than the thorax at base, with eight discoidal and one marginal row of rather fine
punctures becoming obsolete at the apex; the interstices have a single row of very fine punctures. Thorax beneath
rather coarsely but not densely punctured, abdomen finely and very distantly punctured. Length .2o inch.

Found at times rather abundantly under stones on the plains west of Missouri. When recent the individuals
have a pruinose appearance, or as if covered with a fine dust-like efflorescence.

Length .20-24 inch.

T. pulverea, n. sp. Piceous, sub-opaque, elongate, oval, moderately convex. Head finely sulcate from the lon-
gitudinal continence of punctures. Thorax one-half broader than long, convex, moderately, coarsely and densely
punctured, sides moderately rounded. Base faintly sinuous, angles rectangular. Anteriorly slightly emarginate; an-
terior angles not very prominent. Elytra oval truncate at base, with eight discoidal rows of rather large punctures
and one marginal; interstices slightly convex with a faint series of punctures. Thorax beneath very coarsely and
densely punctured. Abdomen less coarsely and not densely punctured. Length .20 inch.

This species differs considerably from the preceding, notably in the form of the thorax.
The thorax is rather narrower at base than at its middle, the sides are therefore more
rounded than in pruinosa and the anterior angles are much less prominent.

As compared with pruinosa, this species has more elongate and less convex elytra.
The rows of punctures are better defined and the punctures more closely placed,
so that the elytra are almost striate. When recent, this species is covered with a fine
dust, as in pruinosa. I found but few specimens of this species at Camp Grant, Arizona,
during the Winter, under stones, etc.

T. abnormis, chestnut brown, sub-opaque; head rather densely and coarsely punctured; thorax broader than
long, narrower at base than the elytra; disc moderately convex, coarsely and moderately densely punctured, especially
toward the margins; apex feebly emarginate, base slightly sinuate, sides rounded in front, gradually narrowed to the
hind angles, which are rectangular. Elytra elongate oval, subparallel in front, moderately convex with stria1 of finely
muricate punctures, confused at base and less distinct at apex. Body beneath coarsely but not densely punctured;
abdomen paler, more shining, and scarcely at all punctured.

Length .20 inch.

This species differs not only from all its congeners, but from the group of genera, in
reproducing a form of thorax more nearly allied to Stibia ; all the other species of the

AMERI. PH1LOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 66

262 BEVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA,

genera of tliis group have the thorax broadest at base and equal to the elytra, while the
thorax in the present species is narrower at base than at apex. It cannot be referred to
any other genus, and this one character alone appears really too trifling to admit of the
formation of a new one. A single specimen collected by the expedition in Nevada, under
Clarence King.

CRYPTADIUS, Lee.

Cryptadius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, MO.

Epistoma with the middle lobe produced truncate, labrum slightly prominent, entire.
Maxillary palpi slender, eyes subemarginate, with a distinct superciliary ridge. Mentum
large, transverse, entirely filling the buccal cavity. Antennae 11-jointed, slender, slightly
thickened externally; 3d joint larger. Legs slender, bicalcarate. Anterior tibia- with the
outer angle prolonged. Posterior coxa? approximate.

C. intlatns, Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 140. Black, very convex head and thorax, finely punctured. Thorax short,
narrower anteriorly, sides rounded, slightly margined. Elytra finely muricato-punctate. Base of antenna; and feet
brownish. Length .23 inch.

A single specimen was found at San Diego, and subsequently lost while being sent
abroad for study. Xo other specimens have since been found.

AUCHMOBIUS, Lee.
A uchmobius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 140.

Epistoma with the middle lobe produced, deeply emarginate, and with convergent
sides, lateral lobes broadly rounded. Labrum moderately prominent, feebly emarginate.
Maxillary palpi slender, last joint broader oval. Eyes feebly emarginate and without su-
perciliary ridge. Antennae with the first three joints nearly equal and longer than the
others ; joints 4-10, gradually increasing in breadth, slightly flattened, last joint oval,
acute and smaller than the preceding. Anterior tibiae with the outer angle prolonged.
Tarsi with spinous hairs beneath.

This genus and the preceding have been removed from the group Thinobatini. in
which they wen- placed by Dr. Leconte, on account of the prominence of the middle lobe
of the epistoma. In the tribe named, the epistoma is very broadly rounded and without
any undue prominence of either of the lobes, which are faintly indicated by obsolete
sutures.

A. sublsevis, Lee., Ann. Lye. ■">, 140.

This insect is of very robust form, broadly oval, and very convex, nearly smooth and
shining, with few fine punctures on tin1 head and thorax, and rather coarse ones on
the elytra. It appears to occur in many parts of California, though rare everywhere.
Specimens occurred most abundantly in Owens' Valley, one at Tejon, another in the
Southern Coast Range. It varies in size from .3-4 inch; and one from the latter locality
is smoother and of a longer oval.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 263

TRIBE III EPITRAGINI.

Body generally elongate oval, winged ; epistoma with at least a prominent middle
lobe in our species ; labrum prominent ; mentum large, entirely rilling the gular cavity ;
elytra with narrow epipleura? ; metasternum long ; parapleural narrow ; middle coxse en-
tirely enclosed by the sterna, hind coxa? approximate, intercoxal process of abdomen
acute ; tarsi usually pubescent beneath.

Than this tribe there is probably no other more difficult of position ; each genus pos-
sessing characters peculiarly its own, yet all are connected by many points of structure,
rendering the tribe at least as natural as any of those which precede. Composed origin-
ally in our fauna of but one well defined genus, with characters unknown in any other
preceding or following it in the Tentyriidae, it was not a matter of any great trouble to
assign it to a position in an analytical table. The addition of one other genus renders its
study no less difficult in our fauna than Lacordaire found it in the genera of the whole
world.

Two genera alone compose this tribe in our fauna, and may be readily distinguished
from each other as follows : —

Mesosternum divided, receiving the presternum. epitragus.

" not divided, presternum not prolonged. schoenicus.

EPITRAGUS, Latr.
Epitragus, Latr.. Hist. Nat. Crust, et Ins. X, p. 322.

The characters of this genus have been so thoroughly exposed by Lacordaire (Genera
des Coleopteres V.) that it is unnecessary to repeat, while any characters peculiar to our
species, or not heretofore noted, will be developed either in the table which follows or in
the description of each species. For a long time but one species was known in our
fauna; our collections now contain eight, either described within a very few years or now
for the first time made known. The epistoma varies considerably in outline and to the
same extent in our species as has been already noticed in foreign ones.
Our species may be arranged as follows : —
Thorax narrower than elytra ; supra-orbital ridge distinct. submetallicus.

Thorax as wide at base as elytra,
Thorax dissimilar in % and 9.

Anterior angles of thorax very acute and more or a c u t u s .

less prominent. arundinis.

canaliculatus.
Thorax similar in both sexes.

Eyes with supra-orbital ridge ; elytra not pubescent. piuinosus.

Eyes without " " ; elytra pubescent.

264 REVISION OP THE TENEBRIONIDiE OK AMERICA,

Elytra emarginate at apex. den tiger.

Elytra entire at apex. t o m en tosus .

|) 1 u in li ens.
i: Bubmetallicus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 7, 224.

This is the largest as well as the most aberrant of our species. The thorax
is narrower at base than the elytra, the sides parallel behind the middle, anteriorly
broadlj rounded, anterior angles not prominent, but obtuse. The head is sub-quad-
rate. The epistoma strongly trilobed, middle lobe rounded and prominent, lateral
lobes very prominent and acute with an emargination between them and the middle
lobe. The sides of the epistoma in front of the eyes do not converge, and the head
tints assumes a more nearly sub-quadrate form than in any other of the species. The
eyes are \er\ convex and have a strong supra-orbital ridge. The characters above given
seem to be sufficient for generic separation. Genera among Tenebrionidse threaten to be-
come very numerous, according to the value at present assigned to characters, and I there-
fore prefer to indicate as few as possible consistent with anatomical variations.

E. ;i c u t us, Leo., New Species, ■i"!'-'>- p. 108. Texas, Kansas and Mexico.
Length .46 .")H inch.

E. arundinis, Lee, New Species, 37-1. p. His. Middle States, near the coast.
Length .-to inch.

E. canaliculatus, Say. Long's Exped. 2, 281. Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona.
Length .40 .45 inch.

These three species have been so thoroughly described and compared, (Lee. loc. (it.)
that nothing further need be said.. The Conn of epistoma varies sufficiently to enable
each species to lie recognised by it. The middle lobe is most prominent in the first two,
broadly rounded in the third. The lateral lobes are more prominent in the second and
least evident in the first ; in all the sides of front are slightly convergent. The thorax is
dissimilar in the sexes. In the male the thorax is slightly flattened at the middle of the
disc, bounded by two slightly elevated ridges, between the ends of which the anterior
margin of the thorax is emarginate. The anterior angles in all three species are verj
acute and prominent.

E. pruinosus, rufo-piceous, shining, with scarcely any metallic lustre, elongate oval convex, surface moderately,
coarsely and not densely punctured, elytra! punctures not in stria'. Eyes with supra-orbital ridge limited within by a
distinct longitudinal groove. Thorax broader than long; anteriorly, feebly emarginate, angles rectangular, sides

feebly rounded from the base, marginal line slightly convex downwards, base feebly sinuate, angles scarcely acute.
Beneath, very coarsely and sparsely, abdomen finely and densely punctured, and with a very sparse and short pubes-
cence. Length .48 inch. When recent, covered with a tine cinereous efflorescence.

Collected by myself in Owens' Valley, Cal.; Arizona, Coll. Lee.

\\ ith this species commences a scries in which the thorax is similar in both sexes, and

NORTH OF MEXICO. 265

the anterior angles of the thorax are less acute and prominent than in the three preceding
species. From canaliculatus, with the female of which it may be confounded, it may be
readily distinguished by its coarser and less dense punctures, by its color and by the
strong supra-orbital ridges with the longitudinal groove within.

E. dentiger, dark aeneous, elongate oval convex, surface not coarsely and very sparsely punctured. Thorax
broader than long, narrowed in front, feebly emarginate anteriorly, sides feebly rounded from the base, angles acute,
base strongly sinuate. Elytra with cinereous pubescence arranged in irregular patches, apex apparently emarginate,
marginal line of elytra not extending to apex, but terminating in a small tooth near it. Base of elytra emarginate
and with a faint impression within the humeri. Beneath, finely punctured and sparsely covered with cinereous pu-
bescence. Length .40-.48 inch.

Not rare at Camp Grant, Arizona, under the bark of mesquit. May readily be dis-
tinguished from all the species by the peculiar arrangement of the pubescence, as well as
by the apparent emargination of the elytra (when viewed from above) caused by the ab-
rupt termination of the marginal line of the elytra in a small tooth near the apex.

E. tomeutosus, Lee., N. S. 37G, p. 109. Florida. Length .40 inch.
E. plumb eus, Lee, N. S., 37o, p. 109.

These two species have the thorax much more transverse and with less evident ante-
rior angles, than any of the preceding species. From each other they may be readily dis-
tinguished by the characters in the table, as well as by those given by their author.
E. plumbeus has more rugose elytra than any other species.

Length .40 inch.

Occurs in the Trans-Mississippi region.

The Epitragi of the whole Western Continent appear to need a thorough revision, no
monograph to my knowledge having ever been published. From the small amount of
study given to the species foreign to our fauna, the groups appear sufficiently well marked
and the species so abundantly distinct, that the task would prove by no means a difficult
one to any student with large series of specimens.

SCHOENICUS, Lee.

Schoenicus, Lee, New Species, p. 109.

S. puberulus, Lee, loc. cit. p. 110.

The description of this insect has been so recently published, that further comments
are unnecessary.
Length .34 inch.

Found in Georgia, Florida, and New Jersey (Cab. Ent. Soc).

AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV 67

266 REVISION OF THE TKN KliKK >M [> i OP AMERICA,

TRIBE IV — CNEMODINI.

M < 1 1 1 1 1 n i large, ipletely filling the gular space, lateral processes of gula triangular,

applied against sides of mentum. Front with a prominent middle lobe completelj con-
cealing the labrurn. Prosternum nol produced. Mesosternum short, not prominent be-
tween the coxae; coxa; entirely enclosed bj sterna, trochantin visible. Metasternum long,
(bodj winged) parapleural parallel, [ntercoxal process of abdomen acute. Tarsi with
two rows ofshorl spine-like hairs. Legs slender, anterior with the apical angle produced
and with a single short -pur. Antenna' 11-jointed, last joint oval acuminate.

CNEMODUS, Horn.

Mentum large, transverse, concealing maxillae and ligula, hexagonal, rounded in front.
Labrum concealed. Mandibles deeply emarginate and with an acute tooth at tip. and
deeplj grooved on their outer lace. Maxillary palpi short, first joint obconical and larger,
second shortest, las! oval. Front with a prominent middle lobe, with a reflexed margin
and emarginate, sides of front broadly rounded; head short, broader than long, eyes
prominent and coarsely granulated. Antennae equalling half the length of body, rather
slender, slightly thicker at tip. glabrous; joints nearly equal in length, except eleventh,
which is shorter, oval and acuminate at tip; joints thickened at distal extremity. Thorax
slightly transverse, somewhat narrower than the elytra. Scutellum triangular, longer
than wide. Epipleurae extending to the tips of elytra, narrow, anteriorly badly defined.
Legs slender, tarsi long, slender, exceeding in length their respective tibiae; joints slender,
cylindrical, last joint longer. Anterior tibiae flattened, external apical angle prolonged,
and with an acute tooth at middle of external edge, and with a single spur.

With the above characters 1 define a tribe and genus having nothing known to me,
allied to them. In form the unique species resembles Hypselops, Sol., and it is possible
thai this South American genus should he associated with the one now under considera-
tion. So many curious characters are found blended in this insect, that it is really diffi-
cult t<> tell to which most prominence should be given. The legs bear a striking resem-
blance to those of some of our Lamellicornia, as Macrodactylus or Dichelonycha.

('. testae e. us, yellowish testaceous, head obtuse, as long as broad, moderately coarsely punctured between and
in front of the eyes. Thorax wider than long, convex, sides broadly rounded, anteriorly feebly emarginate, angles
obtuse, posteriorly truncate angles distinct, disc nearlj smooth, moderately shining, more coarsely punctured toward
the lateral margins. Marginal line scarcely distinct, pronotum almost continuous with the Bank. Elytra elongate,
subparaUel, twice as long a- head ami thorax, surface shining, and denselj aciculately punctured, humeral angles dis-
tinct, obtuse, Beneath faintly and sparsely punctured ami sparsely clothed with yellowish hairs. Length .:;■.'.
w idth . 1 1 inch,

The whole surface of the body appears to have been, when recent, covered with very
short, sparsely placed, sub-ereel hairs. Those on the under surface of the body are short,

NORTH OF MEXII 0. 261

sparse and recumbent, excepl upon the prosternum, where the] are much longer and
erect. For the unique of this interesting species I am indebted to ('apt. John E. Hill of
the California Volunteers, to whose industry, exercised under the excessive heat of the
Summer at Fort Yuma, I owe many fine species.

I RIBE V — THINOBATINI.

Bodj inure or less elongate oval, with or without wings. Epistoma broadly rounded
without prominent middle lobe. Mentum Large, concealing the parts above. Middle
coxae without trochantin, coxae enclosed by sterna. IntercoxaJ process of abdomen acute.
Tarsi ciliate beneath.

A- here recognised but two genera constitute the tribe, as follows:
Anterior tibiae with outer angle prolonged. eurymetopon.

"• truncate at tip. EMMENAST1 S.

The character made use of by Lacordaire for defining the groups of genera of the tribe
appears to he of no value whatever, species occuring in both our genera with and with-
out wiugs.

EURYMETOPON, Esch.
Eurymetopon, Esch., Zool. Ail. IV. p. s.
In this genus the apical angle of the anterior tibiae is prolonged and acute, and the

eyes have a well defined supra-orbital ridge.

Our specio are as follows :
Margin of front continuous. Winged. r u fi pes.

Not winged. co nvexicolle.

bi color .
Mar-in of front with a slight notch on each side.

Anterior tibiae scarcely serrate, winged. punctulatum.

s o d a 1 is.
Anterior tibiae distinctly serrate, winged. ser ra tu m .

I rufipes, Escb., Atlas IV, p. 8; pi. is. fig. 1; abnoi Lee. tan. Lye. 5,

Not rare under mesquil hark. Arizona.

The synonymy is determined from a duplicate of Eschscholtz's type in the cabinet ol
Dr. Leconte, who described his species under the impression that nifipes was apterous.
Length .30-.35 inch.

1 .. conv exicolle, Lee. loc. « ■ i t .

Very distinct bj its much more robust form. shorter,and apterous. N not rare under
stones everywhere in California.
I length .30 inch.

268 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.fi OF AMERICA.

E. bicolor, elongate oval, convex, head and thorax brownish ferruginous, remainder of body black. Head
elj and coarsely punctured, more sparsely near the occiput. Thorax transverse, one-half broader than long,
Blightlj oarrowei in front, densely and coarsely and at the sides confluently punctured; anteriorly feebly emarginate
anglos not prominent; posteriorly bisinuate angles acute, moderately prominent; si. Irs broadly rounded from the base
t" apex, Elytra black, oval, closely aciculately punctured in stria-, interstices more finely punctured. Presternum
\.i\ coarsely and oonfluently punctured, pectus and abdomen coarselj and moderately densely punctured, legs and
antennas ferruginous. Length .26 inch.

Quite distinct from convexicolle by the characters above given. The hind angles an;
more acute and prominent than in any other of our species. Specimens rarely occur in
which the entire color is black. It is also more robust than the species already referred to.

E. p 11 ii c tula t u in . Lee, X. Spec, 866, p. 105.

One of the most singular species of the genus in several characters. The penultimate
abdominal segment in the male is short and broadly emarginate, as in the other species.
The >ame segment in the female has a deep emargination each side of the middle, leaving
a central acute tooth or lobe extending to the middle of the last segment. In this and
the following species the line of the front is not continuous. On each side of the front at
the termination of the supraorbital ridge, is a slight notch, being in this genus the last
trace of the trilobed front seen in all the preceding genera.

Length .27 inch.

E, sodalis, alate, brown, scarcely shining, elongate oval, head coarsely and densely, thorax less densely punc-
tured. Thorax broader than long, sides broadly rounded, scarcely narrower in front, angles obtuse. Elytra aciculately
punctured in distinct stria-. Beneath very sparsely punctured, Feet, palpi, antenna and margin of front paler.
Length .82 .24 inch.

Not rare in Owens' Valley, and occasionally found at Fort Yuma, California.

1 lifters from the preceding in having the sides of the thorax regularly rounded, scarcely
rounded anteriorly, and by the anterior angles being obtuse, as well as in the absence of

the peculiar sexual characters of the preceding.

i
B. serrai um, Lee, X. S. '■'•>>'!, \>. 100.

This species has the anterior tibiae distinctly and, for its size, strongly serrate.
Length .12 inch.

E. ochraceum, Esch., loc. cit.
Is unknown to me. 1 suspect if to be an immature specimen of convexicolle, Lee.

EMMENASTUS, Motsch, (emend. Lee)
Bmmenastus, Motsch., Hull. Mosc. 1845, t, 75,

Regarding this genus there may yet be room for some doubt. Mannerheim states
that E. rugosus, Motsch.. the type of the genus, is merely a specimen ol Blapstinus pul-
verulentus, while in the cabinet of Dr. Leconte a specimen of < 'on inn /is mbpvhe&cens bears

NORTH OF Ml SICO. 269

the name of E. rugosus, from the hand of Motschulsky. While rejecting the typical

species to the doubtful list, the genus musl be retained, an illustration of the prediction of

a genus l>y an author who al the same time commits a specific blunder in doing it.

( )ur species thus far known, are as follows:

Winged species — metasternum long. t e x anu s.

longulus.
Apterous species — metasternum short.

Larger species ; fuscous or ferruginous. p u nctatus.

s a b o p a ens.

]) i n g u i s .
Small species; black, with paler legs.

Margin of thorax sub-parallel behind middle; angles

rectangular. ater.

Margin of thorax sinuate near hind angle, angle acute. acutus.
rounded and gradually narrowing to
apex. obesus.

Margin of thorax rounded, wider at middle, angles

obtuse. obtusus.

E. tezanus, Lee, N. Spec. 872, p. 108. Texas. Length .30 incb.

E. longulus, Lee, Aim. Lye. 5, 138. Eurymetopon Southern Cat. and Arizona.

This species differs from the preceding in having the base of the thorax much less ,\\^.
tinctly sinuate, angles more obtuse. The surface of thorax at middle N very sparsely
and at the side- continently punctured, while in texanus the surface is densely and very
evenly punctured.

E. punctatus, Lee., N. Spec. 368, p. 106. Lower California.

Recalls the form of Eurymetopon rufipes. Length .30— .37.

E. Bubopacus. Elongate oval, subopaque, moderately convex, head densely and coarsely punctured; thorax
coarsely and moderately densely punctured, punctures more dense at tin' Bides; wider than long, narrowed in front,
anteriorly emarginate, posteriorly trunc feebly rounding bom tin- base, angles obtuse. Elytra distinctly

punctured in stria, interstices Bat, subopaque and smooth. Beneath paler, prothorax and pectus denselyand coarsely
punctured, abdomen nol coarsely and moderately punctured. Length .35 inch.

Found at Fort Grant, Arizona, under stones. Third much more convex than punctatus

and more elongate and le>s obese than pinguis.

E. pinguis. Lee, N. Spec, p. 107. Lower Cal.

A very robust Coniontis-like form.
Length .30 inch.

E. ater, Lee., Ann. Lye. 5, 180. Burymetopdn. California.

Black, with brownish or ferruginous Legs, regularly oval and convex. Thorax with

the sides parallel behind the middle and with the angles rectangular. Length .20 inch.

AMKIU. PHILOSO. 800. -VOI.. XIV.— 68

V?7() REVISION OF THE TENEBIUO.MD/E OK AMERICA,

K. acutus. Black, subopaque, elongate oval, convex. Head and thorax densely and ooarsely punotured.
Thorax broader than long, narrower at apex, base truncate, Bides broadl] rounded anteriorly, sinuate near hind angles,
which are acute. Elytra oval, punctured in irregular BtriaB, truncate at base, humeral angles acute and prominent.
Bi ii' (ih coarsely and nol denselj punctured. Length ,19 inch.

Nebraska, collec. Leconte. Can with difficulty be distinguished from ater excepl by
the margin and angles of thorax.

I. obesus, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, p. 188 Eurymetopon : convexus, Lee., X. Spec. :!, p. 107.

I unite the above two species, being unable to discover any difference save a little
more rounding of the sides of thorax.

From California, New Mexico and Nebraska. Length .20-.26 inch.

r. obtusus, Lee, N. Spec, p, 107.

This is much flatter than any of the smaller species, more elongate and with the sides
of the thorax more strongly rounded and narrower at base than middle.
Middle California. Length .30 inch.

E. rugosus, Motsch., Bull. Mosc. 1845, I, p. 75.
Is unknown and the description unrecognisable.
From Sitkha.

TRIBE VI — BATULIINI.

Mentuin large, concealing ligula but exposing the bases of the maxillae, and with a
broad gular peduncle. .Middle coxa? entirely enclosed by sterna, trochantin invisible. In-
tercoxal process of abdomen triangular. Legs short, tibial spurs distinct. Tarsi short,
spinose beneath.

1 have removed A.nepsius from the tribe, as it has the middle coxa? open externally
and the trochantin visible. It will be found in the next sub-family. The single genus
Batulius constitutes this tribe, containing but two species.

BATTJLIUS, Lee.
Batulius, Lee, Ann. Lye V. 1 is.

li. setosus, Lee, Ann. Lye 5, Its.

Length . 1 1 inch.

Occurs in the Deserts of the Gila.

'*• rotund icollis, Lee, Ann. Lye 5, 148.

Chese are both small testaceous insects. The former is the larger, more robust and
sparselj covered with yellowish hairs. The sides of the thorax are broadly rounded and
the disc more convex. In rotundicdllis the thorax is shorter, somewhat narrower behind,
and less strongly rounded on the sides.

Length .10 inch.

< >ceurs with the preceding.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 27]

TRIBE VII — ZOPHERINT.

Mriitiini large, barely concealing ligula and maxillae, inserted on a broad short gular
process. Middle coxae entirely enclosed by sterna, without trochantin. Anterior coxa?
widely separated. 'Tibial spurs very minute. Eyes verj finely granulate. Bodj elon-
gate, apterous and covered with asperities.
Four genera are comprised in this tribe: —
Tarsi sulcate ; ligula concealed.

Antenna' received in deep grooves.

Joints 9—1 1. connate, truncate at tip. ZOPHERUS.

" 10—11, " , pointed " " I'HUEODES.

Antenna! cavities obsolete behind, antenna' as in Phlceodes. noserus.

Tarsi not sulcate; eyes prominent, antenna' not received in groove-.

Antenna' with joint K) broader than !) and 11, and tree. PHELLOPSIS.

ZOPHERUS, /<<■ Cast.
Zopherus, Cast., Hi-t. Nat. In-.. Col. I!.].. !

The Zopheri are much more convex than the species of the other genera of this sub-
family, and present well defined specific differences among themsehe-.
Six species are known to inhabit our Territories —
Elytra quadrituberculate at apex. nodulosus.

Elytra bituberculate at apex.

Bodj above with narrow white marginal baud from anterior

angle of thorax to apex of elytra. elegans.

Body above entirely black.

Elytra with smooth elevated tubercle-.

Tubercle- round, very convex, approximate and shining, c o n c o lor.
Tubercle- round, flattened, distant and subopaque. guttulatus.

Tubercle- elongate, flattened, moderate!] shining. t r i s t i s .

Elytra finelj granulate, opaque. opacu-.

Elytra finely punctured, moderately shining. gracilis.

/.. Dodnlosus, Sol.,* Ann. l'.nt. Soc. France \" -42. Texas.

• Since this paper has been placed in the hands of the Society for publication, I have been informed by letter
from M. A. --.ill . of Paris, that our common Texan sp< cies quoted in all American authors a- '/.. Sol., i-

not that species, ami should receive another nam.'. In a monograph of all tin- species of Zopherus, prepared but -till
unpublished, Sall6 proposes to call it Baldemani. A true specimen of , Sol., is now before me, having

been sent me by Salle, to whom tin- type was accessible. \ m ilongate, less r"l.u-t and rather less con-

vex. The black spots of the thorax are more numerous and cover a larger space without becoming confluent into a
large patch, as in haldemani. The black spots of the Rutural row are small, elongate oval, distant and not confluent

272 REVISION OF THE TE.VEBRIOXID.E OF AMERICA,

This very beautiful little species may be readily known by the characters above given.
The narrow white margin of the elytra is equal to about a third of the width of each ely-
tron. The rounded elevated black tubercles contained in this white spare are much more
distinct than on any other portion of the elytral surface. Toward the suture they become
more flattened, their arrangement more confused and their boundaries very poorly defined,
so that they appear to range from one unto the other.

V single specimen collected by D. rainier, in the Canon de ('belly, New Mexico, and
kindly placed at my disposal, through the Agricultural Bureau at Washington.

( >ccurs in eastern New Mexico, at the base of Rocky Mts.

/,. coucolor, Lec. Ann. Lye V. 130.

Z. guttulatUS, Horn, Trims. Ent. Soc. 1 Sl>7 1 till.

Southwestern Texas. Coll. Am. Ent. Soc.

'/.. t i i - 1 i -i . Lec, Ann. Lye. V. 130. Colorado and Gila Deserts.

Not rare at Fort Grant, Arizona, under loose bark of mesquit.

Z. Opacus, Horn, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1867 161.

Specimens from Nevada, in my cabinet and that of II. Dike.

X. gracilis, Born, Trans. Ent. Soc. L867 161.

Unique specimen from Fort Whipple, Arizona, in cabinet of Dr. Leconte.

A monograph of our species may be found in Trans. Ent. Soc. of Philadelphia, 1N(>7,
pp. 159 i t seq.

PHLGEODES, Lec.
Phloeodes, Lec, Class. Col. N. A. p. 216.
Ageonoma, Pascoe, Journ. Ent. II, p. 487.

Two species from California belong here. Both are moderately elongate, depressed
insects, with surface very coarsely sculptured.

into a long black stripe, as in haldemani. hi the former species the elytra have the Mack spots between the suture
and sides much larger and more numerous, while 1 1 1 1- similar region not only of the elytra but also of thorax in /<«Mr-
mani, is in major part white. The white patches of the under surface are larger in nodulosus and occur on each
side of the head, presternum, meso and metasternum, and first, second and third abdominal segments. In all cabinets
the name Z. haldemani, Salle, should be substituted for that ofZ. nodulosus, { Bald.

Z. elega n s, similar in form to truth or concolor, but rather more slender; black, subopaque; thorax longer than
broad, broader in front, sides moderately rounded and gradually narrowing to base, surface moderately convex, with

sparsely placed distinctly niuricatc punctures, each bearing a scale-like hair; margins with a narrow white space, in

which arc included moderately elevated, smooth round black tubercles. Elytra elongate oval, narrower than the

thorax, moderately convex and with nine rows of tubercles more confused and less distinct at the suture, and becom
in;,' more rounded, distinct and distant toward the sides, where there is a narrow band of white containing three, of
the rows of tubercles. Body beneath black and opaque, very sparsely punctured, each puncture with a scale.

Length .60 inch.

NORTH OF Ml XICO. 27tf

P. diabolious, Nbsoderma Ann. Lye. 5 130, and Pacif. R 1!. Reports and Surveys IX, Append. 1, pi. 1, 1

From California. Abundant at San Jose. Length ,6-.8 inch.

T. pus! ulosus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A. 216, (Nosoderraa ; Proc. A.cad. 1859 ;;.

Differs from the preceding in the much finer granulation of the surface, and by the
total absence of the white patches at the bumeri and apices of elytra. Both species occur
under dead oak bark, pustulwm being very abundant at Tejon.

Length .60-.85 inch.

NOSERUS, Lee.

Noserus, Lee, » lass. Coll. X. Am. 216.

N. plicatus, I. rr.. loc, oit. (Nosoderma) Tat., Proc. A.cad. 1859 77.

Nut ran- at Fort Tejon, under oak bark.
Length .55—72 inch.

PHELLOPSIS, /

Pbellopsis, Lee, Class. Coll. N. Am. 216.

I', porcata, Lee, loc. .it. Nosoderma) Lee, Proc. A.cad. 6 235.

Occurs abundantly in Oregon.
Length .55—62 inch.

P. obcordata, Lee,' Class. Coll. N. A.m. 216; Boletophagus Kirby, N. '/.. 236. Easteru and Mi. 1.11. • States
and Canada.

These two species are closely allied and not easy to describe as distinct. Porcata is.
however, dark brown, while obcordata is ferruginous brown. Both specie- may he described
a- having the following elytral sculpture: 1st. A sutural elevated ridge, "id. A ridge ex-
tending from the base of elytra more or less continuous, terminating in a tubercle. 3d. \
short ridge. These are separated from each other bj a row of deep perforations. In por-
cata the second ridge is continuous and the third not very prominent ; in obcordata, the
second ridge is interrupted at its lower half, and consequently not reaching the tubercle,
and the third verj prominent. Similar in length to the preceding.

TRIBE VIll OSECHINI.

Mentum moderately large, broadly rounded in front and hard) concealing the Ligula.
Middle coxa- enclosed 1»\ sterna, trochantin not visible. Coxae widely separated. Tarsi
not sulcate beneath. Antennae eleven jointed; joints free, last rounded and larger than
preceding. Antenna! groove marginal, visible from above. Eyes rounded, coarsely

granulated.

[JSECHTJS, Motsch.
I secbus, Motsch., Hull. Mosc 1845 1. p. 79.

I". lacerta, Motsch., loc. cit. Rbagodera tubercnlata, Motsch., nee Mannerheim Etudes Entom. Ann. V.
p. 22.

Found near Santa Cruz, Cal. Length .20 inch.

For a fuller account of this insect see Proc. Ent. Sue. 1867—293.

AMKKI. PHIL080. BOO. — VOL. XIV—

'J74 REVISION OP THE TENEBRIONIDjE OF AMERICA,

TK1BE IX — STENOSIINI.

Mentum large, inserted on a gular peduncle, maxilla; exposed, ligula partly visible.
Trochantin do1 \ isil»lt>. Coxse moderately separated. Legs feeble, tibial spurs obsolete.
Tarsi ciliate. Antenna' eleven jointed. Elytra feebly embracing body. Head strongly
constricted behind. Eyes divided (in our species), coarsely granulated.

One genus in our territory belongs to this tribe.

AK.KOSCIIIZrs, Lee.

Arseoschizus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 138.

It is incorrect that the eyes have been said to be entire. They are divided by the
side of the head, the larger portion being enclosed between the margin and another lon-
gitudinal elevation, while a smaller portion, sometimes of only three or four lenses (in
costipennis), is visible beneath. Attention was directed to this by the discovery of a
second species in which one-third of the eye is below the margin of the bead.

A. costipennis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 138; Lac. Genera. PI. 49. fig. 4; Thomson, Arcana, PI. XIII. tig. 11.

Occurs from Vallecito, Cal., to near Fort Cummings, New Mexico.
Figured by Lacordaire, Gen. des Coleop., pi. 49, fig. 4 (poor figure).

A. sulcicollis, light brown, head elongate oval, gradually narrowing behind the eyes, coarsely punctured,
• i. h puncture bearing a yellowish scale-like hair, epistoma smoother; thorax longer than broad, smaller and narrower
than head, disc coarsely punctured and with yellowish scale-like hairs; slightly channelled longitudinally and with
two obtuse elevated ridges hounding the groove; thorax narrower behind, sides anteriorly strongly rounded, poste-
riorly* sinuate with distinct angles, apex and base truncate; elytra elongate oval, humeral angles not distinct, with
four acute costs on cadi elytron, interstices flat, with a double row of very coarse punctures; body beneath rather
finely punctured and with sparsely placed yellowish scales. Legs with yell. .wish scale-like hairs. Length .11! inch.

Collected in Owens' Valley, California, under stones in very dry places, and very fre-
quently, though probably merely accidentally, with ants. Very abundant during Spring
and Summer.

Differs from all our other species by the very narrow thorax. Anteriorly the sides
are broadly rounded, posteriorly becoming sinuate and narrowing so that the base is one-
half smaller than the broadest part of the thorax. The elytra are elongate oval as in cos-
tipennis, the costae have a row of recumbent scale-like hairs, the interstices are usually
flat, though at times faintly carinate. The elytra! costse are four in number (including
the sutural), the first and second do not extend to the tip and are unequal in length, the
first being longer, the third extends from within the humeri to the apex, the fourth is
marginal and unites with the third near the apex.

A. regularis, dark brown, bead 1 otundatc -oval, broadly rounded behind the eyes; tborax longer than broad,
scarcely narrower or smaller than the head. di>c feebly channelled, anteriorly and posteriorly truncate, sides ante-
riorlj rounded, gradually narrowing posteriorly. Elytra elongate oval, costate, interspaces Hat with a double row of
verj coarse punctures. Length .is inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 275

Fort Grant, Arizona, under stones, uot common. In sculpture and the arrangement
of the scale-like hairs this species resembles the last, but differs in color and form of head
and thorax.

A. armatus, dark brown, bead oval, rounded and narrowing behind the eyes, and suddenly narrowing to form
the neck, with its hind angles moderately distinct; thorax subquadrate, feebly channelled, sides feebly rounded an-
teriorly and slightly narrowing behind. Elytra oval, costs less distinct, interstices -lightly carinated and with two
rows of coarse punctures. Anterior femora armed at middle with a small acute tooth, middle femora with a tubercle,
posterior femora mutic. Length .l<i inch.

One specimen. Owens' Valley, collected during October, 1862.
V in the preceding species, the head, thorax, edges of costae, under surface of bodj
and legs are sparsely covered with the yellowish scale-like hairs.

The species of this genus seem to be becoming numerous. Doubtless others remain
in the unexplored desert regions of the West, to reward any one who has sufficient pa-
tience to find stones under which they can find lodgment, and endurance to withstand
the heat that has been as high as 125° Fahr. in as protected a place as possible, and
during the season too. when TenebrioDidae are most abundant.

To facilitate the recognition of these species, I add the following table:
Femora mutic. unarmed.

Thorax not channelled on disc. costipennis.

Thorax with disc grooved.

Head elongate oval, thorax much narrower behind. sulcicollis.
Head rotundatc-oval, thorax feebly narrowed. regular) s.

Femora (anterior and middle) armed with a small acute tooth or

tubercle at middle. a r m a t U s.

f'osfqtciuiis, Lea, differs besides by having the hairs on the surface of the body darker
in color, and on the edges of the costae almost erect. The thorax regularly convex and
all the angles more distinct. The species are all nearly uniform in size, varying only
from .15-. 18 inch.

TRIBE X — DACODERINI.

Mentum large lunate, concealing base of maxilla?, ligula exposed. Middle coxa' en-
closed b_\ sterna, anterior coxa' contiguous.. Antenna' ten-jointed, eyes oval, coarsely granu-
lated. Head suddenly constricted behind. Tibial spurs very small, tarsi pubescent.

DACODERUS, Lee.
Dacoderus, Lee., Proc. Acad. 1838, 71.

D. striaticeps, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858 74; Thomson. Arcana, 1. pi. XII. fig. G.

A single genus and species constitutes this tribe, remarkable tor the contiguity of the

276 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDiE OP AMERICA,

anterior coxa;. The head is suddenly constricted behind the eyes, partly forming the an-
gle. The eyes are oval, longitudinal and hounded beneath by the margin of the head.
The thorax is strongly constricted at its middle, with a tubercle on each side bridging
the constriction and uniting above the parts before and behind it. The elytra are elongate
oval, flattened above, emarginate at base, with the angles very distinct ; epipleura narrow.

Length .18-20 inch.

This insect, recalling remarkably the Rhyssodes, is found over a large extent of
country, and is probably not rare, specimens being found from Yallecito, Cal., to Fort
Grant, Arizona. It usually occurs in small colonies of three or four, under stones in very
dry places, and when captured feigns death so persistently that I have never seen one
walking.

There remains but one insect described in this sub-family whose position has beeii un-
accounted for, Dysinathes Sahlbergii, Mann. From the measurements and characters as-
signed to this insect, I am inclined to believe it identical with the Amphizoa insolens.
Lee, and so stated some months since in a verbal communication to the American Ent.
Societj .

Sub-Family II.— ASIDID^E.

The essential character of this sub-family is, — the middle coxa' are not entirely en-
closed by the sterna, but are open externally and completed by the parapleural The
The trochantin is here always more or less visible. The tarsi are for the most part spinose,
in but one genus silky pubescent ( Nyctoporis).

This sub-family consists in our fauna of six tribes, which may be arranged in the fol-
lowing order:

Labrum scarcely visible;

Anterior tibia' broadly dilated. axepsiini.

Anterior tibia' slender.

Tarsi pubescent, spurs minute, genre prominent, NYCTOl'ORiNi.

Tarsi setose, spurs lar^e, genae not prominent. ckyi'TOGLOSSINI.

Labrum prominent, in great part visible;

[ntercoxal process of abdomen broad, truncate;

Mentum large, li<jula scarcely visible. asimni.

Mentum small, ligula lunate exposed, BRANCHING

Intercoxal process acute, triangular. CONIONTINI.

TRIBE XI — ANEPSIINI.
Mentum moderate, supported by a short broad gular peduncle, ligula concealed, max-
illa' visible. Epistoma rounded in front, labrum entirely concealed. Middle coxa? open

NORTH OF MEXICO. '■! I i

externally. Anterior tibiae broadly dilated with stoul -pur-, tarsi with spinose hairs be-

neath. Antennae slightlj thicker externally.

ANEPSITJS, Lee.
Anepsius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. p. 1 17.
A. delicatulus, Lee., Ann. Lye. 5, 117 lis.

A small (.17 inch) insect, with brownish head and thorax and black elytra. The
thorax and head are continently punctured, the elytra punctured in striae. The eye- arc
almost entirely divided. The under surface and legs are ferruginous. Occurs at Valle-
cito (Leconte), and in Owens' Valley, where many specimens were found under stones.

TRIBE XII — NTCTOPORINI.

Mentum moderate, supported by a short broad gular peduncle, ligula hardly visible,
base of maxilla* exposed, genae very prominent. Anterior tibiae slender, spurs small on
all the legs, tarsi silky pubescent beneath.

NYCTOPORIS, Esch.
Nyctoporis, Esch., Zool. Atl. IV. p. 11.

This genus, only one of the tribe, is remarkable for the vestiture of its tarsi. Its spe-
cies appear to be confined exclusively to maritime California, and to the region of the
Coast Range.

Our species are four in number, as follows:
I lead strongly carinate.

Thorax with two deep foveae. cristata.

ga 1 e a t a .
Thorax not idveate. car in at a.

Head not carinate; thorax not foveate. aequicollis.

X. cristata, Esch., Atlas Heft. IV. p. 11, a very ran- species. Length .50 inch.
N. galeata, Lee, Pacif. R. R. Rep. IX. Append. I. p. 19, pi. 2, fig. 1.

This species is closely allied to the preceding, and it is very doubtful whether they are
distinct. A typical specimen of cristata is in the collection of Dr. Leconte, and we are
thus enabled to make perfect comparisons. In both species the elytra are ornamented
with acute ridges interrupted, forming rather a s(.ri,.s of short elevations or catenulations.
The only essential difference between the two species appears to lie in these ridges. In
cristata they are rather longer, less acute on top and higher than in galeata. The two
forms thus appear to differ strikinglj at first sight, hot an analysis slums but little of spe-
cific value, and it is highlj probable that other forms from the northern portion of Cali-
fornia will unite the two. Found abundantly near San Francisco.

Length .50 inch.

A.MKItl. PH1L080. 300. — Vol.. XIV. — TO

27H REVISION OF THE TEXERRIOXID.E OF AMERICA,

V carinata, Lee, Ann. Lyo. 5 138. •

Differs from the two preceding in the absence of thoracic foveae and in the elytra!
sculpture. In this species the elytral costa? arc alternately continuous and interrupted,
the tinnier being higher and crenulate, the latter merely rows of small elevations between
the higher costa*.

Not rare in Southern California (Tejon. San Pedro and San Diego).

Length .50— .62 inch.

N. ssquicollis, Bsch., loc. cit.

The head is not cristate, the thorax not foveate, and the elytra ornamented with rows
of elongated tubercles less prominent than in any of. the preceding species. Not rare at
San Francisco and Tejon.

Length .50 inch.

TRIBE XIII CRYPTOGEOSSINI.

Labrurn almost entirely concealed. Eyes reniform, not coarsely granulated. Mentum
moderately large, supported by a broad gular peduncle, exposing maxillae and concealing
ligula. Elytra with narrow epipleurae and moderately embracing the body. Body apter-
ous. Tibia? with moderately long, slender spurs. Tarsi spinous beneath.
The genera of this tribe are two in number, and differ as follows :
Last joint of antennae oval, acute, scarcely smaller than preceding joint ;

antenna? scarcely flattened. centrioptera.

Last joint of antenna? truncate, much smaller than preceding joint ;

antenme strongly flattened. cryptoglossa.

I have found it necessary, owing to the discovery of new species, to annex the genus
Oochila, Lee, to Centrioptera, the form of mesosternum being a character of scarcely any
value in this genus, and the denticulation of the hind thighs of still less; specimens un-
doubtedly ('. spiculifera, are in my cabinet, with almost entirely smooth thighs, while spe-
cimens of Oochila have thighs with rather coarse granules. The degree of rugosity or
spiculation of the elytra at its sides, appears to determine the presence or absence of the
femoral denticulations, and is consequently not even of specific value.

CENTRIOPTERA, Mann.

.Mann. Bull. Mosc. is!:;, p. 249. Oochila, I Class. Col. X. A., p. 220. Asbolus (part) Lee.

For convenience in recognising our species I add the following table:
Elytra with scries of more or less evident tubercles becoming spiculate at the sides near
apex. Hind thighs within more or less denticulate or granulate.
Prosternum produced behind the coxae.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 279

Head and thorax smooth.

Mesostemum slightly declivous.

Mentum very coarselj punctured, convex at middle spicul i fe r a .

Mentum nearl} sn th,with a longitudinal median

ridge. in u r i c a t a .

Mesostemum and metasternum exactly on same plane, a s p e c ata.
I lead and thorax very coarsely punctured. \ ariolosa.

Presternum not produced, truncate ; elytra scarcely spiculiferous. seriata.
Elytra striato-punctate, not at all spiculiferous, prosternum produced,
hind thighs distinctly granulate within. {Thorax broader Hum
/""!/.) i n t'a usta.

('. spiculifera, Leo., Proc. A. .id. 1861 :i:!T.

Our largest species, distinguished from muricaia by the greater development of the
spicules at the sides of the elytra near the apex, and by the difference in sculpture ol
mentum. The mentum is very coarsely and even continently punctured, and broadl)
convex along the median line, hounded on each side by an oblique shallow groove. This
sculpture of mentum seems to distinguish from the succeeding species, individuals as small
and as smooth as that species usually presents.

I believe this species to he identical with that of Mannerheim (caraboides), bul cannot
settle the question definitely without a type of that species or some fuller description.

Not rare on the peninsula of Lower ( 'alitornia.

Length 1.08 inch.

C. muricata, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5 110.

Resembles the preceding, but is smaller and with much le--~ developed spicula?. The
mentum is smooth and with but few very distant large punctures, ami with a longitudinal,
more or less acute, median ridge.

Occurs not \er\ commonly on the Deserts of the Colorado and Gila rivers. One spe-
cimen from Lower California.

Length .55— .95 inch.

('. asperata, black, moderately shining, elongate; head coarsely but not denser) punctured. Thorax
than broad, emarginate anteriorly, truncate posteriorly, sides broadly rounded, slightlj narrowed behind, angles sub-
acute, disc moderately convex, - ith and a few coarse i stures near the sides; elytra elongate oval, flattened on

the disc, very declivous posteriorly, base truncate, humeral angles not prominent, ornamented with Beries of elevated

tubercles, more or less acute on the disc, bet dng more acute but scarcely separate posteriorly. Mentum evenlj

convex, very coarsely punctured. Hind thighs with a few coarse granules. Prosternum produced, broadly rounded
at tin. Mt'sostirnum Mat l>eneath, vertical an. I emarginate in front.

Length .70 inch.

Collected by Mr. W'm. M . < rabb, on the peninsula of Lower California, but one speci-
men obtained.

280 REVISIOX OF THE TEN-EIiKIo.Vin.E OF AMERICA,

This species and the succeeding hear a remarkable resemblance to the figure of Cryp-
toglossa bicostata, Ann. Soc. Entom. V.. pi. 24. fi<i. 13. less tin- two costae of that species.

('. variolosa, Mark, sub-opaque. Head very coarsely and in front densely punctured. Thorax as broad as
long, emarginate in front, nun. air behind, sides broadly rounded, slight!] narrowed behind, angles rectangular, disc
feebly convex, very coarsely punctured, becoming more dense at the sides and base. Elytra elongate oval, truncate
at base, moderately convex above, declivous behind, surface with regular series of elevated s »th tubercles, becom-
ing rather more acute posteriorly, but not spiculate. Hind femora feebly granulate and coarsely punctured within.
Mi-mum convex at middle with an oblique groove each side, and verj coarsely and confluently punctured. Pro- and
mesostemum as in the preceding species. Length .so inch.

Rather common at Fort Grant, Arizona. Numerous specimens were collected by my-
self during the Winter of l<S(i;").

C. seriata, Lee, Cryptoglossa Prop. Acad. 1861, .137. Oochila teriata, Lee, List . Col. X. Am. Smith-
sonian Collie. 140, ]>. 59.

Differs from our other species by the truncate presternum and the nearly smooth fem-
ora. Mentum coarsely but not densely punctured. It cannot be separated from Centii-
optera. and is but one link of the chain that will at no very distant day unite this "vnus
with Cryptoglossa.

Not rare in Lower California. Collected abundantly by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb.

Length .75-.86 inch.

C. infausta, Lee, Asbolus) Proc. Acad. VII, 04. Oochila infausta, Lee, List. p. o9.

The most robust and least convex of the species of the genus, resembling strongly our
species of Cryptoglossa, particularly loevis, Lee. The elytra are not tuberculate, the hind
femora are very coarsely granulate within, the presternum produced. The mentum is
coarsely and sparsely punctured, with a slight depression in front.
\ single specimen from Texas. Length .80 inch.

C. caraboides, Mann., Bull. Mose. 1843-280, figured in Guerin Menev. Magaz. d. Zool. Ins. 1843, pi. 126.

This species is unknown to us. It is very probable that spiculifera, Lee, is identical
with it.

CRYPTOGLOSSA, Sol.

Cryotorjlossa, Sol., Ann. Soc. Entom. V.. 680.

('. verrucosa, T.cc. Asl,,dus Ann. Lye 5-129; Lac. (Crypt.) Gen. Col. V., 138.

Opaque, elytra with series of elevated tubercles.
Abundant along the Gila, under dead Yucca.
Length .65— .90 inch.

C. IsBvis, Lee, Asbolus) loe cit. ; Lac. Crypt.) loc. cit.

Smooth, shining. Elytra entirely smooth. Not rare at Fort Yuma, Cat, under logs

and st is.

Length .65-.70 inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 281

\t no verj distant daj this genus and the preceding will have to be united. The
only character separating them having proven to be of trifling value among the Asidini.
Centrioptera infausta has alreadj afforded a link uniting the forms of the species of both
genera

TRIBE XIV — ASIDINI.

Mentum large, more or less complel sly hiding the parts above it, supported or not by
a a ilar process. Epistom i short, mandibles and labv n i exp ised. Last joint of maxillary
palpi triangular and securiform. Antennae eleven-jointed, with the last joint smaller than
the preceding. .Middle coxae usually with distinct trochantin. Entercoxal process of all-
ium obtuse, not triangular. Legs moderate, tarsi setose but not sulcate beneath.

The genera of our fauna may be considered as representing two distinct sub-tribes, as
follow - :

Middle coxae not enclosed by the sterna, angulate externally, and with a

very distinct trochantin. asidi.

Middle coxae closed by the sterna, rounded, trochantin very small or

wanting. astroti.

A third sub-tribe is noticed by Lacordaire, containing the g Machla, differing

abundantly from either of the above tribes in the presence of grooves on the under surface
of the thorax for the reception <>i the antennae.

SUB-TRIBE I — ASIDI.

Two genera constitute this tribe in our fauna:
Inflexed portion of elytra narrow, composed entirely of epipleura. microschatia.
Indexed portion of elytra wide; epipleura1 very narrow and indistinct, asida.

In Asida the epipleurae are generally very indistinctlj defined, while in Microschatia
the suture is indicated by a well defined ridge forming the elytra! margin.

MICROSCHATIA, S ,

Microschatia, Sol . i.nn. Soc. Ent. V.. 771.

Three species compose this genus and are defined as follows:
Thorax narrower at base than at middle, and with median basal im-
pression ; elytra oval.
Elytra with series of coarse puncture-, thorax smooth. punctata.

Elytra rugose, thorax coarselj and confluently punctured. inaequalis.

Thorax as broad at base as at middle, sides of elytra parallel in front,
humeral angles distinct.
Elytra sulcate, thorax smooth. sulcipennis.

AMKlll. PHI] — Y"l.. XIV. — 71

282 REVISION OF THE TKNKBKIOXIIU: OF AMERICA,

M. punctata, Sol., Ann. Soc. Entom. \'.. p. I?"i; pi. 11. fig. 22.

for several specimens of this species 1 must acknowledge my indebtedness to Mr.
Win. M. Gabb, by whom they were collected on tin- peninsula of Lower California.
Length .62-.82 inch.

M. insequalis, Lee, Ann. Lye. \'.. p. 129. Lacord. Gen., pi. 51, ti^'- 5. Puncticollis, Lee., loc. •it.

I unite the two species of Dr. Leconte, there being no characters on which to separate
them. Tiie latter form is. however, -mouther, the rugosities of the elytra less defined, a
character of hut little value, as may he seen by examining other genera of the family
(Phlceodes and Centrioptera), where age and locality cause the same species to vary
greatly in this respect. M. inaequalis is not rare at San Diego, and occurs at Tejon and
various places along the coast range. Puncticollis is from Warner's ram-he. near the bor-
ders of the Colorado desert.

Length .(>(>-. (>•"> inch.

M. sulcipennis, Lee., Journ. Acad.. Series II, vol. IV. p. is.

Differs notably from the preceding species, and might with great propriety, according
to the hitherto received rules, form a new genus. I prefer, however, to retain it in the
e,vnus in which it was placed by its author. The hind angles of the elytra are acute and
overlap the rectangular humeral angles of the elytra. Its form is consequently near that
of Asida opaea. From Llano Estacado, Texas.

I. nuili .60 inch.

-

ASIDA, Lair.

Asida, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust, ft Ins. X.. p. 2G9.

Pelecyphorus, Sol., Ann. s,.,-. Entom. V.. p. 167.

Euschides, Lee., Ann. Lye. V.. p. 107. •

Philolithus, I. ar.. Genera des Coleop. V.. 157.

I nder the older name of Latreille. it is proposed to assemhle all the species of Asidini
in which the trochantin of the middle coxa' is plainly visible, the antenna? not received
in thoracic grooves, and eleven-jointed.

After a very careful study of our own and all the foreign species accessible to me. the
diffen aces between the genera as given by Lacordaire and Solier, have vanished com-
pletely, so that while we have among typical Asidse a very distinct prolongation of the ex-
ternal apical angle of the anterior tibia?, and among the species referred to Philolithus a
total want of such prolongation, numerous intermediate tonus occur in our fauna to which
it would he difficult to assign a place in either genus. Instead, therefore, of erecting

these into genera as numerous as the species, (as has been too often done already) the
more conservative plan of uniting all with one genus has been pursued. The presence or
absence of prominent hind thoracic angles lias also had undue importance assigned to it.

NORTE OF MEXICO.

The genus Wda must, according to the view here adopted, be considered as
those polymorphous genera, many of which arc already known in the family, with species
differing among themselves in characters of vastly less moment than those found among
our species of Eleodes, as will be seen hereafter.

A. opaca, Say, Joum. Acad. III. 254. Euschides Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 107; Smithson. Contrib. 4to, 16
PI. 1. I

Abundanl along the eastern base of Rockj Mts.

Oval, opaque, humeral angles ol elytra prominent, hind angles of thorax acute. Elytra
with very indistinct, irregularlj confluenl elevations.
Length .50-.68 inch.

A. lirata, Lee. Proc. Acad. 7. 223. Asida) Lee., List Col. N. A. Arizona.

Same form as opaca. Each elytron with (i longitudinal costa? on tic disc, one sutural,
and each with a marginal ridge.
Length .60 inch.

A. polita, Say. Joum. Acad. 111. 255.

Found with opaca. Form as in < pewa, hind angles of thorax rectangular. Elytra
smooth, shining. Length .60 inch.

A. Bordida, Peleeyph. Lee., Proc. Acad. 5-446. Smithson. Contrib. 4to, 1859, pi. I. fig. 11.

Tin' figure cited represents rather a robust form of tic- species. The hind angles ol'
the thorax are acute and prominent, the disc rery coarsely punctured. The elytra havea
marginal acute ridge, and two on each elytron becoming confluenl a shorl distance from
the apex, the interstices being transversely wrinkled. As varieties of the species I add the

follow ing :

P. costipennis, Lee., Joum. Acad. 2d Ser. 1 20

Differs from the preceding only in having the costse of the elytra better defined and
the hind angles of the thorax rather more acute.

P. Lnasqnalis, Lee., Journ. Acad. 2d Ser. 4-19.
1'. aeger, Lee, '

These two are smoother than the typical ^ \rdida. They cannot be regarded as spe-
cificallj distinct. Sordida and its varieties are all from eastern New Mexico and the ad-
jacent regions to the eastward.

A segrota, Peleeyph. Lee., Proc. Acad. 1861 :'.'-'.7.

Thorax as long a- broad, narrower behind, side^ sinuate posteriorly, base emarginate,

angles acute, prominent. Elytra similar in form to sordida, hut more attenuate at apex.

and more suddenly declivous, sides margined, disc with hut one costa on each elytron,

iding from near middle of base to two-thirds length of elytron and ending in an

acute spine. The interstices between are as in sordida. Abundant in Lower California.

1 ,i Qgth .!>!» inch.

284 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDjE OF AMERICA,

A. morbil losa, Pel icyp In Pro \.< id, 1858, p. 74.
Philolithus id., Lac. Genres. VoL V., p. 725.

Resembles the preceding. The humeri of the elytra are toothed. The thorax is
truncate behind with rectangular angles. The elytra are sculptured as in the preceding.
The costa does not, however, end in a spine. Some specimens from Lower California
differ from this type in the form of the thorax, being less convex along the middle and
more nearly resembling the outline of cegrota. The humeral angles are dentiform as in
morbillosa. I do not feel warranted in describing it as distinct, but think it points to a
union of cegrota and morbillosa, and when the desert regions of the California peninsula
shall have been more thoroughly explored, intermediate forms will doubtless be found.

Length .75 inch.

A. actuosa, black opaque, head opaque, finely granulate; thorax quadrate, broader than long, sides moder-
ately rounded, margin finely crenulate, anteriorly emarginate, angles acute, posteriorly nearly truncate, angles rec-
tangular, above coarsely punctured along the margin, finely granulate on the disc. Elytra rounded, oval, very convex
opaque finely and sparsely granulate, humeri denticulate, sides margined, disc with our costa near the middle

of each elytron, c iave externally and extending two-thirds the length of elytra, frequently with another obsolete

costa within and between it and the suture. Beneath opaque finelj punctured. Lengtl inch.

From Owens' Valley, California. Collected by myself and Dr. Cronkhite.

This species, like all the others of the eviius. is variable. In females or those much
inflated, the denticulation of the humeri of elytra is lost. Others collected at fort Tejon,
have perfectly smooth and shining elytra, though preserving the characteristic costa? and
losing the opacity as well as the granules of the elytra. Those collected by myself in
Owens' Valley were found in the Winter months, while the weather was very cold.
Those of Tejon an ■ Summer specimens, and the weather excessively warm. Until re-
cently, 1 have considered both varieties as distinct species.

A. seinilsvis, black opaque, elongate oval. Head coarsely and sparsely punctured. Thorax sub-quadrate,
moderately convex, coarsely, sparsely and unevenly punctured, sides moderately rounded, posteriorly feebly sinuate,

i-iorlj emarginate, angles not prominent, base truncate, angles rectangular. Elytra elongate oval, convex, with a
distinct marginal costa, base truncate, angles distinct, disc with six parallel moderately elevated costs, surface between
suture and first costa shining, between first costa ami margin opaque. Beneath opaque, coarselj and sparsely punc-
tured. Length .mi inch.

Collected by .Mr. Win. M. Gabb, in western Nevada. The arrangement of the costee
of this species is verj peculiar. They are moderately elevated, perfectly parallel to the
suture and extend three-fourths of the length of the elytra. The first costa arises from
the base slightly within the angles of the thorax; the second on a line of the humeri of
the elytra, hut at some little distance from it ; the third arises from the marginal costa at
about one-fifth from the humeral angle. This species commences the divergence from the
robust term resembling somewhat that of confluem (infra).

NORTH OF MK\ l 285

A. carinata, Pelecyph. Lee, Ann. Lye. 5 128; Thomson, Arcana 1, pi. XII, fig. 1.
Philolithus carinatus, Lac. Genres Vol. V.. p. 158, pi. 51, fig- I.

Collected by Dr. Leconte at San Felipe, Cal. The figure given by Lacordaire seems
tn give an idea of the form of this species.
I ength .65-.80 inch.

A. bifurca, Pelecyph. Lee. Proc Acacl. 18G

From Cape San Lucas, Lower California. The elytra are very feebly transversely
convex, and have on each a triple series of very short hairs arranged in the interspaces ol
series of confusedly placed punctures. Length .73 inch.

A. connive a s, Pelecyph. Lee, N -. p. 1 10.

I sely related to the preceding species. It is doubtful whether it is really distinct,
though I retain it as such until a full series shows its identity beyond doubt. Cape San
Lucas. Cabinet of Mr. II. Ulke. Length .40 inch.

A. confiuens, Pelecyph. Lee, Ann. Lye 5-128. Philolithus confluens, Lac. G

Thorax with a distinct slightly reflexed thick margin. Marginal costa of elytra dis-
tinct, another starting from near the humerus and extending three-fourths the length of
the elytra. Humeral angles distinct. Length .75-.90 inch. Colorado desert and
eastward.

A. parallels, Pelecyph. Lee, Ann. Lye 5. 128. Philolithus parallelus, Lac. Genres 5-158.

Similar in form to the preceding. Lighl brown, shining. Humeral angles of elytra
rounded, marginal costa acute, nearly reaching the apex; another short costa parallel
with the margin, and a short distance from it extending through the middle two-third- of
the length of the elytra. The sides of the elytra are verj feebly rounded. Thorax with
distinct slightly reflexed margin. Vallecito, California. Length .60 inch.

A. sexcostata, Pelecyph. Lee, Proc. Acad. 1861, 337.

Similar in form to the preceding; the elytra are. however, more nearly oval and the
side of thorax more strongly rounded, and with the hind angles more evident. The elytra
have an acute margin and two costae on the disc of each, of which the inner is much the
Ion-, c. From ( !ape San Lucas.

Length .50 inch.

A. obsoleta, Pelecyph. Lee, Ann. Lye 5 128. Philolithus obsol

Similar in outline to bifurca. The thorax i-. however, nearly flattened above, rather
declivous in front, and with a transverse impression at base. The elytral margin i> very
distinct. There is a second short costa parallel with the margin and very close to it. and

OCCUpvin^ the middle third of the length of the elytra.

Collected at Warner's c California, (borders of Colorado desert).

I., ngth .~i<> inch.

AM Kill. PH1L080. 80C. — VOL. XIV. — 72

286 REVISION OF THE TENEBKK tXIH.E OF AMERICA,

A. muricatula, Pelecyph. I Ann. Lye. 5 129. Philolithus muricatulus, Lac. Genres V.; 158.

Closely resembling the preceding in outline and structure <>!' thorax, both have the
margin rather acute and slightly reflexed. There is no other than the marginal costa.
The elytra an' covered rather sparsely with erect short yellow hairs. The legs are not
hairy. Found at San Diego by Dr. Leconte, and at Los A.ngelos by Mr. Gabb.

Length .45 inch.

A. birsuta, Pelecyph.) Lee, Ann. Lye. 5-127. Philolithus hirsutus, Lac. Genres V., 158.

Similar in outline to parallela. Thorax with an acute margin. Sides of elytra rounded.
without marginal costa. The whole surface is clothed with erect yellowish-white pubes-
cence. The Legs are also hairy.

Found in the Colorado desert. Length .60 inch.

A. hispidula, (Pelecyph.) Lee, Ann. Lye. 5-127.
Philolithus hispidulus, Lac. Genres V., 1 ~'s-

Marginal line of elytra obtuse, elytra regularly oval, humeri rounded. Thorax broader
than long, sides rounded ; anteriorly emarginate with acute angles, base truncate, angles
distinct, not prominent. Surface sparsely clothed with very short hairs. Color usually
dark brown. Found in Colorado and Maricopa deserts.

Length .50 inch.

A. luctata, black, opaque, elongate oval. Head very sparsely punctured. Thorax one-third broader than
long, rather widely and acutely margined, disc very feebly convex, sparsely punctured at middle, more coarselj and
densely at tin- margin, si.Ics strongly rounded, sub-angulate al middle, ;ii»'\ deeply emarginate, angles acute and
prominent, .base bisinuate, angles obtuse. Elytra elongate oval, without marginal costa, humeral angles rouni
urface very faintly sub-tricostate. Presternum tinman-. Length .OS inch.

I place this species near angulatus, from the similarity in outline, particularly of the
thorax, and from the absence of any elytral marginal ridge. It is, however, very distinct
from any of our species, In the characters given.
Occurs very rarely in Owens' Valley, Cal.

A. angulata, Pelecyph.) Lee., Ann. Lye. 5-127. Philolithus angulatus, Lac. Genres 5 158, pi. -V. Sg. 3.

Found heretofore only at San Diego, Cal.
Length 1.1 inch.

A. lecontei, Horn, Proc. Ent. Soc. Sept. loth. 1866, verbal remarks.
Pelecyph. costipennia | Lee., Proc. Aral. 1839, p. 76.

The thorax of this species is much broader than long-, with the sides evenly rounded
and with acute margins. The elytra are elongate oval, frequently (especially in %) sub-
parallel and with the shirs nearlj vertical. Each elytron has two distinct costa- between
the marginal and sutural. In some broadly oval ? ? there is a third costa between the
marginal ridge and the first dorsal casta. The species is, however, very variable. A va-

NORTB OF M i:\ii 0. 287

rift % occurs in Tulare Valley, Cal., at the base of the hills on which the typical form is
found, in which the thorax and elytra arc much more smooth and the costae of the elytra
represented l>y very faint longitudinal ridges ; as a variety it may be known as A. com-
press a, though, as in the rough and smooth forms of cos tip ennis, 1 prefer to consider
it merely a local variety. I have seen sp icimens evidently belonging to this sp scies, much
more robusl and with the sculpture even more strongly marked. These are from Arizona
and in the c ibinel of Mr. II Ulke.
Length .60-.90 inch.

A. captiosa, black, shining, similar in form n> A. 1. ntei, and differing :<^ !'• >11"\\ s:

Bead very finely and sparsely punctured, thorax v convex, less margined and scarcely punctured. Elytra

ite oval, margin broadly rounded, disc entirely smooth and without trace of costae. Length .60 .80 inch.

I have doubts whether this should be considered distincl from Lecontei. It appears to
be merely a variety, the result of a still further continuance of that obliteration of sculpture
seen in the variety of the preceding species called coinpressa. Doubtless intermediate
forms will some day be discovered warranting the union of this sp scies with lecontei.

Specimens in my cabinel are from both sides (Easl and West) of the Tulare, several
hundred miles northward of Fori Tejon.

A. puncticollis, I I . . New Spec. p. 111. No. :i7!>.

A very robust species, with elongate oval, very convex, smooth elytra, with a faint
marginal ridge. The thorax is broader than long, very convex, coarsely and densely
punctured, and sides stronglj rounded and the margin distinct, sub-acute.

Specimens have been collected in Oregon.

Length .78 inch.

A. consobrina, Mark, opaque, very robust, head coarsely punctured, thorax one-half broader than long,
feebly convex, coarsely ;ml densely punctured, and the disc confluently punctured ;it the margin, siil.-^ broadly
rounded, margin moderately broad; anteriorly emarginate, angles acute, posteriorly feebly rounded, angles distinct,
nol prominent. Elytra broadly obovate, verj convex, margin scarcely evident, humeral angles distinct, not promi-
nent, base feebly emarginate; -i t it". j . indobscurelj rugose. Length .66 inch.

This is one of our most robusl species, resembling the preceding som iwh it in g tneral
appearance. \s compared with 'puncticollis, it is very much shorter and more robust, the
thorax le>> convex and punctured, and with sides more bro idly rounde 1. and with margin
much broader. The elytra are very broadly oval, convex, and sudd ml) declivous b 'hind,
and very obtuse at apex. The base of the thorax i> broadlj rounded, tic roan ling start-
in-- within the hind angles and not from the angles themselves.

A con Smithson. I , Ks. i X. M.. p. 1 I. pi. 1. fig. 10.

In this species the marginal line of the elytra is obsolete, except a very shorl carina at
the humerus. The thorax is broad -v than long, moderately convex, verj fe iblj punctured.
margin distinct though narrow, side moderately and base feebly rounded. Elytra elong

288 REVISION OF Tin: Ti:xi:i;i;iuNii).i: OF AMERICA,

oval, broader behind the middle, m iderately convex and gradually declivous behind, the
li!\ emarginate, angles nol prominent. From Arizona and New M sxico.
I ,ength .85 inch.

A. obovata, Euschides Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 127.

Differs Prom the preceding in having the elytra much more broadly expanded behind
tin' middle, with acute rather prominent angles. The margin of the elytra is rounded and
indistinct. It is probable that future discoveries will unite the preceding species with
this one.

Length .85 inch.

A. convexicollis, Euscliicbs Lee., Px-oc. Acad. 7, 224.

Differs from both the preceding species in the very narrow thoracic margin, and by
the greater convexity of the thorax, as well as the less breadth, as compared with the
length. The elytra are similar to those of conv .<■", and has distinct though not prominent
humeral angles.

Rather common in Arizona.

A. raarginata, Pelecyph. Lee., Ann. Lye. V. 128; rimatus, Lee., Proc. Acad. 7, 223; Philolithus ri

■ ■ ii. i;i V. 158.

One of our largest and at the same time a very variable species.

Three varieties may he more especially noticed:

Marginata, surface sparsely anil rather finely punctured, thoracic margin less stronedv
punctured and creiiulate. Elytra with an acute margin not extending to the apex.

Uhnata, surface of elytra very coarsely and deeply punctured, thoracic margin very
strongly punctured and crenulate, disc convex. Marginal line ol elytra acute and extend-
in-' usuallj beyond three-fourths of their length. As compared with marginatw this spe-
cies is broader, and the elytra broader and less convex.

Subcylindrica, thorax as in rimata; elytra elongate, strongly rounded on the sides.
sub-cylindrical and with a very short humeral carina; surface smooth, very finely
punctured.

In all these forms the thorax is broader than long, sides strongly rounded and with a
flattened margin more or less crenulate. The disc i-, convex. The base is broadly lohed
at middle and with a broad impression opposite the scutellum.

All these forms inhabit the desert regions bordering the Gila River of Arizona.

Length 1.00-1.20 inch.

A. gibbicollis, black, sub-opaque. Thorax broader than long, strongly gibbous, margin broad, thickened
and reflexed in front, gradual!} narrowing in base, apex deeply emarginate, angles acute, base rounded, and with
three deep impre ions scutellar and one on each side; elytra broadly oval, marginal carina distinct, base trun-
cate, angles distinct. Length .85 1.00 inch.

A ver_\ distinct species, recalling the form of some of the Microschatiae by the strong

-J

NORTH OF MEXICO. 289

impressions along the basal margin of the thorax. The median impression is rather deep
and rounded on each side by an elevation. The margin of thorax is slightly turned up-
ward, more distinctly so near the anterior angles. The base of elytra is truncate and
the angles distinct, not prominent.

Collected by Mr. Gabb in the peninsula of Lower California.

A. riii:!. Pelecyph.] Lee, Proc. \-u\. o. It".: Philolithus Lac. Genera V., p. 158; Pelecyph. diflFonnis,
Lee, Proc. Acad. T. 723; Philolithus \..u-., loc. cit.; Thomson, Arcana 1. pi. XII. fig. 7.

This species i- remarkable in the curious form of it-- thorax, sides of thorax strongly
angulate and margined, margin broadest at the angulation, rapidly narrowing to the an-
terior angles, which are dentiform ; behind the angulation the margin is very feeble and
the sides are rather feebly sinuate to the hind angles; apex of thorax feeblj emarginate,
base nearly truncate, with angles rectangular. The margin of the thorax is in some specimens
rather stronglj reflexed, so that the disc becomes concave. The disc i- nearly smooth,
the margin very strongly and densely punctured. The elytra are elongate oval, nearly
twice as long as broad, not acutely margined, feebly convex and with shallow longitudinal
grooves. Along the suture the elytra are reddish brown, recalling the color seen in many
Eleodes.

This species is distributed from Oregon to Tex:i>.

Length 1.00-1.25 inch.

SUB-TRIBE II — ASTROTI.

The two genera constituting this sub-tribe have been separated from the other genera
of Asidini on account of the form of the middle eoxa\ In the species of the preceding
sub-tribe, the middle coxa- are strongly angulate, externally closed by the parapleural and
allowing the trochantin to become verj distinctly visible. In these genera, on the con-
trary, the coxal cavities are nearly rounded, closed by the sterna, and the trochantin if at
all visible is very minute. The buccal cavity is also more completely closed by the men-
turn, against which the sides ,,f the gula fit accurately, not allowing the maxilla' to be-
come visihle. The ligula is completely hidden. Two genera constitute this sub-tribe, as

tollow s ;

Antenna' slender, joints longer than broad, apex ofprosternum deflexed;

trochantin verj small. OLOGLTPTUS.

Antenna' with joints broader than long, apex of presternum prominent;

trochantin not \ isible. ASTROTUS.

OLOGLTPTUS, Lac.
Ologlyptus, Lacordaire, Genera V., p. 158.
Pactostoma, Lee, Journ. Acad. \. 8. IV.. p. 10.

(Without any other characters than those t.riven in a table.)
amkiu. PHILOSO. SOC. — \"T.. xiv. — ':',

290 REVISION OF Tin: ti:xi:i;i;iunii>.k of America.

0. anastomosis, Say, tsida Jouru. Acad. Ill, 236; Lac. Ologlyptus) loc. cit., pi. 52, fig. 2; Lee, Pactos-
toma i loc. cit.

The figure given by Lacordaire, though inaccurate in many respects, will serve to give
the studenl a tolerably exact representation of the species, and with the generic descrip-
tion given Leaves nothing to be desired.

Not abundant. Occurs in Colorado and Kansas.

Length .50— .60 inch.

A.STROTUS, Lee.
Astrotus, Lee, I lass. Col. N. A., p. 221.

Abundant!) distinct from any of our Asidini, in the total absence of trochantin to the
middle coxae. In this genus there appear many points of structure recalling those Molu-
i-I iii allied to Sspidium, wlcre we also find genera with the same structure of middle
coxa! cavities, and it is probable that in these genera must be sought the links uniting
the now isolated Zopherini with the neighboring tribes.

A. contortus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p. 221; Lee, (Micvoschatia) Proc. Acad. 6, 446.

Color, dark brown, densely clothed with strongly adherent dark gray scaly coating.
Head deeply inserted, lateral sutures between clypeus and front deeply impressed. Thorax
broader than long, feebly convex, with two feeble longitudinal ridges separated by a me-
dian shallow groove ; apex emarginate, base feebly emarginate ; sides strongly angulate
at middle, converging in front of and deeply sinuate behind the angulation, hind angles
rectangular and covering (lie humeral angles of the elytra. Elytra oval, broader behind
the middle, rather suddenly declivous behind, sides rather strongly rounded and with an
acute and strongly serrate marginal ridge extending nearly three-fourths of their Length,
disc feebly convex and with an irregular elevated line on each elytron extending from
within the humerus to near the apex, and the two thus enclosing an elongate oval space;
several short more or les^ oblique ridges extend from the main ridge to the elevated su-
tural margin; base of elytra truncate, angles rectangular.

Length .10-44 inch.

The entire surface of the body is sparsely clothed with scale-like hairs, and the entire
vestiture and sculpture strikingly recall that ol Sepidium.

All the specimens in our cabinets have been reported from Western Central Texas.

A . regularis.

Similar in form and sculpture, differing from contortus in the following points :
Sides of thorax not suddenly angulate at middle, but rounded and gradually sinuate to
the hind angles. Median discal sulcus very faint. Elytra more broadly oval, marginal
ridge moderately acute, not coarsely serrate, median costa moderately elevated, not ser-
rate at summit, enclosing a regular elongate oval space.

NORTH OF MEXIl 0. 291

This species has been for a long time considered as the female of contortus, but the
very marked difference in the form of thorax, and the \ r\ feebly elevated elytra! ridges
not serrate at the summits, have c ius«d me to place it as distinct. In all the sp icimens
of contortus before me, the median costa does not extend so far forward as to touch the
thoracic base, while in regularis this i- the case.

S cimens sent from Texas bj <■. W. II Ifrage, do not differ in size from the preced-
ing spe<

TRIBE XV — BRANCHINI.

Body oval, apterous. Middle coxae with distinct trochantin. Antenna' slender, outer
joints gradually broader. Mentum moderate, trapeziform emarginate in front, inserted on
a gular peduncle, which is emarginate and fissured, and not covering the maxillae. Palpi
slightly dilated. Intercoxal proc ss of abdomen triangular, rounded at tip.

BRANCHTJS, /
Brancbus, Lee, Class. Col. N. Am.

B. floridanus, Lee, New Spec, p. 3. Florida.*
Length .60 inch.

B. woodi, Lee, es, p. Ill, note [sland of New Providence.

B. obscurus, Born, Proc. Acad. 1866, p. 398. Nicaragua.
Anectus vestitus, Born, Proc. Acad. 1866, p. 399. Honduras.

Anectus differs from Brancbus in the absence of anj prolongation of the external apical angle of the anterior
tibise, and other cbara d mentum.

TRIBE XVI CONIONTINI.

Body elongate oval or sub-globose, apterous. Labrum very prominent. Mentum
small, trapeziform, emarginate in front, ligula transverse lunate. Gular peduncle very
short. Anterior coxae sub-transverse, middle coxa' with distinct trochantin. hind coxa'
narrowly separated, inter-coxal process acute. First joint of hind tarsi very long. Our
genera are three in number, and may be arranged as follow-:
Antenmr short.

First joint of anterior tarsi prolonged into a spine.
Antenna- long.

Anterior tibiae with outer angle prolonged. eusatti

Anterior tibiae truncate at tip. coniontis.

The la^t two genera differ also in their form. Eusattus being broadly oval, Coniontis
elongate oval, with sides more or less parallel.

* In addition to the species above indicated, t«" other species are known, and also another genus with a -milc1<-

vp.-ricS.

292 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDJE OF AMERICA,

COELUS, Each.
i .1 ins. Esch., Zool. Ail. III. p. ",.
I . cilia tus, Esch., Zool. Atlas Heft. III. p. 5, pi. II, fig. 1.

C. globosus, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 183.

This species differs from the preceding in being more broadly oval and more convex.
The sides of the thorax arc also more strongly rounded. These differences appear to be
very feeble, and in a larger series may vanish. Both specie-, are found mi the sea shore
el' California.

ETJSATTUS, Lee.

Eusattus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V.. p. 181.

Discodemus, Lee, Class. Col. X. A., p. 223.

( lonipinus, Lee., ibid.

The last two genera indicated by Dr. Leconte in his Class, of the Coleoptera of North
America, and subsequently reunited under Eusattus (List, p. 60), cannot be retained as
distinct, affording an illustration of the little value a character may have in a tribe after
having been found to be of great importance in tribes not remotely separated. Instances
ol' this kind are by no means of rare occurrence in Tenebrionidae. In this instance the
relative width of epipleura and elytra! fold have been assumed as the points of separation,
and with species mi closely allied in all other important generic characters, I have deemed
it more prudent to adopt the later view' of Dr. Leconte, rather than establish two other
genera in addition to the above-mentioned. From an inspection of the following table it
will be seen that but one species is needed to complete a series uniting all the forms of
epipleura-. viz : a species between robustm and reticulatus, in which the epipleura shall
occupy nearly the entire indexed portion of the elytra by being gradually wider from apex

to base. The presence or absence of a prominent elytra! margin appears t rather oi

specific than generic value. When scientific zeal shall cause northern Mexico to be more
thorougly explored, species will be found which will without, any doubt fully confirm the
view here adopted. With the present illustration before us, it is to be hoped that stu-
dents of local fauna? will give the subject of genera due consideration, ft must be borne
in mind that in Tenebrionidie a want of stability of characters is one of the most marked
peculiarities of the family, and in the present paper, nearly a hundred new genera could
have been described from characters for which abundant precedents could have been found.

Our species may be arranged as follows;
Elytra with a distinct, more or less acute margin.

Epipleura occupying entirelj the indexed portion of elytra. robust us.

Epipleura narrow, suddenly dilated at base.
Epipleura and elytra! fold nearly smooth.

Elytra faintly sub-costate with interstitial reticulations, r c t i e ulatus.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 293

Epipleurse and elytra] fold roughlj sculptured.

Elytra costate, \\ itli interstitial smooth granules. c <> s t ;i t u - .

Elytra with coarse erosions and elevated smooth patches, erosus.
Elytra rounded mi the sides, noi margined.

Epipleurse narrow, suddenly dilated at base, elytra smooth. las vis.

Epipleurse gradually dilated at base.

Body rounded, oval. difficilis.

Body inflated, nearly globose.
Elj tra noi pubescent.

Epipleurse distinctly defined, nearlj smooth. m urica tus .

Epipleurse noi distinctly defined, verj densely punc-

tulate. (1 i 1 a t a t u - .

Ely tra sparsely pubescent.

Epipleurse distinctly defined, nearly smooth. puherulus.

Body elongate oval.

Sub-opaque, ely tra granulate. ]> r o d actus .

Shining, elytra smooth or faintly punctured.

(i noius,

1-;. ro bustus, Lee, N. Spec, page 1 12.

From the Island ofSan Clemente, on the coasl of California.
Length .10 inch.

E. re t iculatu -. L/C.. Ann. Lye. 5 132.

/. iphosis reticulata, Say, Joum. lead. ■'. 250.

I>i> Icraus reticulatus, I.e.-.. Class. Coll. N. A., p. 223.

Net rare in Arizona and New Mexico. This species \ tries considerably in sculpture
and outline. The typical form i- elongate oval; many, however, are in my cabinel col-
lected bj myselfin Arizona, in which the form is oboval, with the elytra somewhat in-
flated. In the inflated specimen the thorax is much narrowed in front, being scarcelj
wider between the anterior angles than that between the hind angles. Specimens from
western Kansas or Colorado are comparatively smooth, and the reticulations delicate;
those from Arizona are sub-i o I iti . though never coarsi 1\ punctured and granulose, as in
the following species. Length . 50—. ti-,' inch.

ostatus, rounded, oval, convex, black, sub-opaque, thorax beiug finely and sparsely punctured "ii the « 1 1 — » - ,
on the sides, margin not thickened; elytra sub-costate, interstices coarsel) punc-
tured, and with smooth, small, rounded tubercles; indexed portion of elytra densely and coarsely punctured. Length
.06, breadth . W inch.

The humeral angle of the epipleura may be easily discovered from above, It ing
more promineul in this and the succeeding than in any other of our species.
Collected by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb on the peninsula of Lower California.

AM Kill. PHILOSO. 80C— VOL. XIV.- 7 I

294 REVISION OF Tin: TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMERICA,

rosns, roi rt, convex, black, moderately Bhining. Thorax scarcely punctured, except neai the mar-

Liu: margin slight!} thickened; elytra with irregular Bhallon fovea, interstices elevated, convex, smooth; iuflexed
portion of elytra coarselj punctured. Length .71, breadth . 1 1 inch.

Our Largest and one of our most distinct species, by the peculiar sculpture of the
elytra. This sculpture app tars to result from an irregular coarse puncturing in series,
the interstices between the series and the punctures being elevated, rounded and smooth.
The elytra, therefore, have a somewhat coarsely eroded appearance.

Collected b) Mr. Win. M. Gabb, with the preceding species.

E. Ire vis, Lee, New Species, p. 113.

From Cape St. Lucas, Lower California. In my cabinet arc specimens collected by

Mr. Gabb in the same region, differing from the typical forms in the same manner that
the Arizona sp icimens of reticulatus differ from those of Colorado, that is by being oboval
and with the elytra more convex and inflated. With this degree of variation demon-
strated by a full series of our species, 1 am unwilling to separate a similar variation in
another as distinct, even though not possessing the intermediate forms.
Length ,52-.64 inch.

E. difficilis, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5 133. E. convexus, Lee, id.

I have in my cabinet a verj good series of this species, sufficient indeed to render the
feeble characters separating difficilis and convexus evanescent. 1 have others again
scarce!) Less smooth than nitidipennis, Lee, from Jalapa, Mexico. It seems probable
that some further collections in regions between Arizona and Chihuahua would afford
specimens warranting the union of this species also. This species is not rare from San
Diego to Owens' Valley, and from Arizona to New Mexico and Colorado.

Length .35— .45 inch.

E. muricatus, Lee, Ann. Lye \\. 132.

from Oregon. New Mexico, and Owens' Valley, Cal.
Length .45 inch.

E. dilatatus, Lit., Ann. Lye V.. 182.

from the deserts of the Colorado River. I am unable to see any difference between
species and the preceding, except in the very dense fine punctulation of the epipleura?.
Length .30 inch.

E. puberulus, Lee, Proe Acad, 7. s-i. Texas.

Differs from muricatus by the sparse scale-like hairs of the elytra.
Length .30 inch.

E. dubius, Lee, Ann. Lye Y.. 132.

t ompinus dubius, Lee, Class. Col. N. A.. 223.

From the deserts of the Colorado and (iila.

Length .30 inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 29">

E. pro duel us, Lee, Journ. Acad., 2d ser., 1. 20. Conipinus productus, Lee, I lass. Col. N. A..

From Arizona and Lower California. The specimens from the latter region have
elytra sculptured, as in reticulaiua.
Length .54 inch.

COMONTIS, Esch.
Coniontis, Escli., Zool. Atl. [II, p. T.

Species of this genus are found rather abundantly in California and Oregon, under
>tones or running over the surface of the ground. Two species extend eastward and are
found on the plains at the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains. There are very slight
differences to be observed even between the most widely differing species, the form vary-
ing at times from true semi-cylindrical to that of conic-cylindrical, in which the thorax
will be found wider than the elytra. Some species are pubescent, or rather with punc-
tures bearing verj short scale-like hairs, while others are almost entirely smooth. This
character alone appears thus far to have hut little value in separating species, as these
hairs are lost after the insect has passed its maturity, or at least, at the end of the season.
However, as specimens affording an actual illustration of this fact are not in our cabinets.
1 allow the species to stand as already enumerated, separating them from each ether by
the characters assigned.

In order to facilitate the study of them, the following table has been prepared.
Eyes reniform, entire.

Elongate oval, sides of elytra parallel, or converging toward apex.

Abdomen rugose, very coarsely and densely punctured. abdominalis.

Abdomen smooth, very finely and sparsely punctured.

Elytra usually finely punctured, never coarsely punc-
tured and rugose together, and never pubescent.
Species of robust facies, length never greater than
twice the width.
Large species, robust a.

Small species, o p a C a .

Species elongate, length always notably greater than
twice the width.
Large species. \ iatica.

Small species. punctico His.

Elytra coarsely punctured or rugose, or irregular and

pubescent.

\ cry convex species, larger.

Thoracic and elytral punctures not setigerous. eschscholtzii.

296 REVISION OF THE TKXEKIiloXHU: OF AMERICA,

Thoracic and elytra! punctures with a short

scale-like hair. a fii n i - .
I i.piv— ed -mailer species.

Elj tral punctures \\ ith a distinct hair. subpu 1> e -ecu-.

" " •• short scale. n e in o talis .
Rounded oval, sides rounded, never parallel.

Thorax and elytra dissimilarly punctured, elytra rugose. ovalis.

Thorax and elytra similarly punctured, elytra smooth. lata.

Eyes divided, species broadly oval. obesa.

bdominalis, I. re. Proc. Acad. 1859, p. 77.

Not very common at Fort Tejon, Cal. May lie readily known by the peculiar punc-
tation of the abdomen. It i- our largesl sp scies.
Length .(>(> inch.

c. robusta, i I >l convex, sides parallel; obtuse before and behind. Length .62 inch.

From Fort Tejon. southward, and one from San Francisco.

The above rather indefinite description i- really all that can he said directly of this
species. T have in my cabinet a long series, the sculpture and punctation varying to an
extent rendering it impossible to ti\ even a standard. Specimen 1 is sub-opaque, thorax
and elytra verj densely and rather coarsely aciculately punctured, the elytra are obscurely
tricostate, with the interstices obsoletely reticulate. From this point the sculpture be-
comes gradually less defined, and finally the species becomes as smooth and shining as
any specimens of viatica. As compared with viatica, it is more robust and obtuse. The
legs are also stouter and the tarsal joint- less -lender. Notwithstanding the rather coarse
punctation of the elytra, tin- sculpture is verj different from that seen in the next -roup,
where the -paces between the punctures are notably elevated and rounded. The larger
proportion of the specimen- of robusta are entirely smooth. The width of the species
between the humeri is equal to half the length.

c. opaca, elongate oval, I. lack, sub-opaque, sides sub-parallel, bead finely punctured, thorax finely ami
rather densely punctured, int. n ry finely alutaceous, sides rounded, gradually nan-owing from the hind an

elytra finely but less densely punctured; less frequentlj ferruginous brown. Length .36 .43 iuch.

Net rare in Owen-' Valle) and at Fort Tejon, California.

Similar in form to the preceding, but much -mailer. The legs and tarsi are more
-lender and resemble those of viatica and puncticcllis. Very distinct from any of our spe-
cie-, though hardly separable from the preceding by description.

C. \ iatica, Esch., /.■■ .1. Atl. :;. 7, tab. 1 I. fig. 3.

Rather elongate in form, being at least two-and-a-half times as long as broad between
•he humeri. The sides of the elytra, are frequentlj convergent toward the apex. In this

NORTH OF MEXICO. 291

case the thorax is wider a< base than the elytra. The surface is smooth and shining,
thorax verj finely and sparselj and the elytron rather more coarselj and verj sparsely
punctured. The legs are always black. The under surface of the anterior tibia is densel)
spinose, the spines being rather more evident than in an) other species. Maritime
California. Length .55-.60 inch.

i puncticollis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V.. p. 131.

Similar in form to the preceding and bearing the same relation to it that opaca do< s
to robusta. The thorax is very densely and finely punctured. The legs are brownish or
ferruginous in color and rather -lender, and with -lender tarsi. It i- about one-half or
two-thirds the length of viatica. Specimens are nut rare along the valleys of the Sacra-
mento and San Joaquin rivers.

1 .rn-tli .35 inch.

chscholtzii, Manu., Rev. Zool. Bull. Mosc. 1843 .'7".. Lac. Genres, pi. 52, fig. ~> not

figure .

The punctures of the elytra are very large and rather dense, the interspaces convex
The punctures are not setigerous. Abundant near San Fran isco.
Length .50— .55 inch.

C. affinis, Lee., Aim. Lye. V.. 131.

It is doubtful whether the characters separating this from the preceding are sufficient.
I am unable to see any other difference than the presence of short scale-like hairs in the
elytra! punctures. They are. however, retained a- distinct until further collection- show
their complete identity.

Length .50 inch.

i subpubescens, Lee, Ann. Lye. V.. 131.

Differs from all our other species in being rather sparsely clothed with short recum-
bent hair-, giving tie elytra a silken appearance. Two specimens of the species are in
the cabinet of Dr. Leconte, labelled Emrrn mist us rugosus, the name having been given b)
Col. Motschulsky while in this city. Length .'■)'> inch.

I ai talis, Escta., Zool. AH

This and the preceding are much more depressed than any other of our species. It is
also subpubescent, the hair- being very short and scale-like, and almost completely buried
within the punctures. The elytra are not rugose, however, in the same manner as in
eschscholtzii, but are irregularly corrugated and coarsely punctured. The preceding spe-

differ from this only in having longer hair- intermixed with the short scale-like o

Length . in inch.

I ovalis, Lee., Ann. Lye. V.. 131.

W .til this commenci - a small series of i< gularly oval spi i i< -. The sides are always

AMERI. PB1LOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV.— 75

298 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.dE OF AMERII A.

f

broadly rounded, never parallel. The thorax is smooth, very finch and sparsely punc-
tured, the elytra are coarsely and rather densely punctured and resemble those of escJv-
scholtzii. This species extends its range from Oregon to the plains east of the Rocky
Mountains. I .ength .41 inch.

c. lata, Leo., New Species, p. 1 13.

Similar in form to the preceding, but more broadly oval. The thorax and elytra are
densely and finely punctured, from the Island of San Clemente, coast of California.
Length .40-.4(i inch.

< . obesa, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 181.

Our smallest species, differing from every other in having the eyes entirely divided.
I do not find the lasl two joints of the antennae suddenly larger, as recorded by Lacor-
daire, although the antenna- are rather shorter and the joints more compact. 1 do not
consider the division of the eyes sufficient for generic separation, more especially in a
famih already burdened with genera established on slight characters.

Length .25 inch.

Sub-Family III.— TENEBRIONID^l.

This sub-family contains those species in which the hind margins of the third and
fourth ventral segments are coriaceous. The last two segments are consequently capable
of a greater degree of motion than is seen in the genera of the preceding sub-families- the
middle coxa? are usually provided with a distinct trochantin, the cavities being closed ex-
ternally by the mesosternal parapleural in some genera the trochantin is not visible,
although the cavities are never so thoroughly enclosed by the sterna as in the Tentyriidae,
and the presence or absence of this piece, although of so great value in the preceding
sub-families, here loses to a great extent its significance, and genera may occur with and
without trochantin in the same tribe; the body is here more frequently winged than ap-
terous; the anterior coxa' are frequently sub-cylindrical or transverse in this sub-family
and never in the preceding; genera with entire mandibles appear for the first time, and
the trilobed front is never seen.

This sub-family corresponds with Cohort II. of Section II. of Lacordaire, with the ad-
dition of tril.es and parts of tribes of Cohorl I., as follows: Tribes XVI part, XVII, XX,
\\1\ part. XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and comprises a series of genera presenting almost
insurmountable obstacles to the formation of higher groups. Owing to the great insta-
bility of the characters among these genera, it is extremely difficult to form a synoptic
table of tribes not filled with exceptional cases. Lacordaire admits that table given by
him will answer only for a small majority of the genera, and where his list is increased by

NORTH OF MEXICO. 299

the addition of other tribes the trouble is by no means lessened. In those tribes contain-
ing large series of genera, the tendencj to a rapid degradation of form is seen, analagous
to the same general degradation of the entire family from the Tentyriidae to the Otido-
genae Thus, among the genera of the tribe Tenebrionini forms occur pointing strongly
toward an affinity with Helops, and it is here among what might be termed the peripher-
ial genera thai doubt may arise as to their true position.

The separation of the sub-family into Platygenae and Otidogenae has not been followed,
as the character seems nol to deserve the importance assigned to it by Lacordaire, and
Mr. Pascoe (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. I V. Vol. Ill, p. 36,) objects to the placing
<il' the latter section among the Tenebrionidae, evidently not fully appreciating the fact
that this sub-family as denned b) Leconte has a much greater systematic value than anj
of the "( !ohorts" of Lacordaire.

\ c ireful re\ ision of foreign tribes, on the basis of the sub-dh ision of the Family into
three sub-families, would result in the union of several. From the limited amount of study
I have been able to give them, the Heleides appear to replace in Australia the Blaptini
of Europe and America, and should probably form a sub-tribe of Blaptini, in which their
p iculiar form would be fully balanced by our species of Embaphion.

Many changes might be suggested, but as such discussion is altogether irrelevant to
the objects el' the present paper, further space will not be occupied h ire, although if is my
desire at some future time to develop the results ofstudj in a paper less encumbered with
species.

The following table of tribes is ottered for the assistance of the student, although well
aware that it may often fail on the application of the test of several genera and of many
species.

Front entirely corneous, anterior margin free, not articulating with a
coriaceous clypeus.
first joint of tarsi elongate or moderate, never very short, tarsi not
compressed ; genae not sulcate.
Eyes less prominent than the sides of trout, more or less transverse,
always emarginate in front.
Anterior tibia' alone or none dilated.
Penultimate joint of tarsi entire.

Anterior coxae rounded; middle coxa' always with dis-
tinct trochantin; antenna' never perfoliate, third
joint usuallj larger than the following.
Hind coxae transverse, never oblique.
Front feebly dilated at the sides.

300 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIftffi OF AMERICA,

Tarsi spinous or setose beneath.

Elytra widely embracing abdomen. blaptini.

Elytra narrowly embracing abdomen. scaurini.

Tarsi with coarse, almost spinous hairs. amphidorint.

Tarsi finelj pubescent beneath. tenebrionini.

Front broadly dilated at the sides, emarginate ante-
riorly.
Anterior tarsi of l dilated. pedinint.

interior tarsi oi s not dilated. opathim.

Hind coxa? oblique ; tarsi spinous. crtpticini.

Anterior coxae sub-transverse; middle coxae without tro-
chantin; third joint of antenna? always short, outer
joints more or less perfoliate
Tarsi pubescent. Last joint always long. ulo.mi.vi.

Penultimate joint of tarsi bilobed. heterotarsini.

Tibia? all more or less dilated and fossorial. trachyscelini.

Ej'es more prominent than the sides of the front, usually rounded,

feebly or not at all emarginate. diaperini.

First joint of tarsi very small, outer joints gradually thicker, longer

and compressed. Gense transversely sulcate. boletophagini.

Front either with a broad coriaceous band or articulating directly with
a coriaceous clypeus. Elytra never widely embracing abdo-
men. Third joint of antennas long.
Sides of front not obliquelj elevated.

Abdomen pedunculate; antenna' slender. apocryphint.

Abdomen not pedunculate; antenna1 with the outer joints

usually compressed. helopini.

Sides of front obliquely elevated.

Metasternum very short; body apterous. meracanthini.

Metasternum long; body slender and winged. strongyi.iim.

tribe xvii — blaptini.

This tribe contains not only a larger number of species, but also species of a greater

size than any others ol our fauna. Genera from every part of the globe are found lure,
and tin' species in each portion are usually among the; largesl of the Tenehrinnida' found

there. All are black or dark brownish, and variously though never very roughlj sculp-
tured, and a few sp ;cies are pubescent or pilose. All are apterous. Our species are

NORTH OF MEXICO. 30]

either strictlj nocturnal in their habits or arc found walking in sandy places either in
earl) morning or late in the day, and during cloud) days. The larger and inure cylindri-
cal of our species will, when disturbe 1. place their bodies nearl) vertically, the head near
the ground and the tuil erect, and will emit when handled a dark oleaginous offensive
fluid, staining the hands brownish and remaining for a long time and apparentl) fixed by
the action of alkaline material. In the warm regions ol California the larger species at-
tain the age of several years. Their tenacity of life is very great, as specimens have bi >
kept pinned for two months without fund or water.
( )nr genera are three in number.

Epipleurse broader at base, attaining the humeri.

Mentum trilobed, lateral lobes v or less indexed. i 1 i ■

Mi niiim flat, discoidal. m- j.m \.

Epipleurse narrow .n base, not attaining tin- humeri.

Mentum trilobed, lateral lobes indexed. bmbaphiok.

ELEODES, Esch.

I'.i i 0D1 -. Esi ll., /. > •!. \tl. III., p. -

Xyst v. Esch., ut mi]. i i

Pbomi -. Lee., Class. Col. N. A., p.

Species have been described by Say as Blaps, by ECirby as Pimelia.

Mentum somewhat variable in form, usually trilobed, the middle lobe larger and more
convex ; lateral lobes frequently inflexed, scarcely visible. Last joint of labial palpi trian-
gular, narrower than the maxillary, which are broadly triangular or securiform. Head
'mi deeplj inserted, suture between epistoma and front frequentl) distinct, epistoma trun-
or feeblj emarginate, sides sometimes sinuate. Eyes narrow sub-reniform. Antennae
eleven-jointed, the last three or four usually notably depressed, the last joint, frequently
though not always smaller than the preceding.

Prothorax variable in form, usually applied against bases of the elytra. Scutellum
always distinct and equilateral. Elytra of variable form and sculpture, in manj species
prolonged behind. Epipleurae always distinct, broader at base and always visible at the
humeral angle, graduall) narrowing toward the apex. Legs moderately long. Femora
never strongly clavate, the anterior frequently armed in the male, sometimes in both
sexes, with a tooth of variable form, rarely all the femora toothed. Tarsi usually chan-
nelled and setose beneath ; occasionally the firsl two joints are dilated and spongy pubes-
cent, or not dilated and denselj covered with silken hairs.

The characters above given are those applicable to the whole genus, characters pe< u-
liar to any group will be given under its heading or in the remarks on the various specii s.

The genus Elcodes is our Largest and. with the exception of \-ida. a- previouslj de-
fined, the mosl polymorphous, and i- without doubt tin' mosl difficult to sub-divide of an)

AMERI. PH1L080. SOC. —VOL. XIV. — 7''.

:i()'J REVISION OF THE TKXEHKIUXI1M-: OF AMERICA,

iii our fauna. The wide distribution of many of the specie- has given rise to local varie-
ties, on which specific nam"- have been fixed, as each new region furnished an unique
specimen. Specie- of Eleodes are found distributed over a wide extent of our western
territories, the Mississippi River being the extreme eastern limit. From thi- point not
only species but individuals become more and more numerous, until on some of the arid
regions of California they can be found in immense numbers. Specie- are found to the
extreme northwest, inhabiting the rather warm belt of country westward of the Rock)
Mountains and between them and the coast. Their southern limit i- indefinite. In South
America, Nycterinus replaces Eleodes. 1 must confess my inability to detect any impor-
tant differences between these genera, and most authors seem to assume that any species
north of the isthmus of Panama is Eleodes, and south of it Nycteriuus. It is probable
that the latter genus should constitute a division of the former, equivalent in value to the
groups into which I am about to sub-divide it. With Apocrypha and Amphidora on both
continents, I see no reason why we should not find Eleodes also.

In the following synoptic table it will be found that no use whatever has been made
of the form of presternum, in the definition either of groups or species. The character is
actually of no value, as specimens undistinguishable by any other characters may have a
different form of presternum, and on this and similar characters species might he indefi-
nitely multiplied.

For convenience of study. Eleodes may be divided into three sub-genera :

Anterior tarsi of both sexes entirely spinous beneath. (ELEODES).

Anterior tarsi of males with the first two or three joints either with
silken hairs or spongy pubescence beneath.
Anterior tarsi of males not dilated. (BLAPYLIS.)

Anterior tarsi of males with at least the basal joint dilated. (PROMUS.)

Eleodes.
Spm- of anterior tibiae unequal, and dissimilar in the s™-. Sroop i.

Spurs of anterior tibiae equal, and similar in the -cxr-. Gboup o

(tUOUP i.
Section A.
Hind spur of anterior tibia broader and thicker in 9-
Thoiax convex, smooth.
Elj i ral margin rounded.
Elytra! margin acute at humerus.

I borax 8a1 "i- c lave.

SMrs of elytra rounded.
Sides of elytra parallel.

Section B.

Anterior spur of anterior tibia broader, thicker and more strongly curved in 9 .

obscu in .

a C 11 1 a .

- n t n ra 1

i s

texa n;i .

NORTH OF MEXICO. 303

Elytra broad, flattened, truncate al base, angles rectangular; thorax broad at base, angles
rectangular, overlapping the humeral angles of elytra. Pediniform species .
Elytra with alternate interspaces more elevated, each elytron sub-tricostate . i r icosi a i .1 .

Elytra glabrous, with regular strife of moderately large punctures, interstices equally

and very feeblj convex. pedinoides.

Elytra elongate oval, convex, narrower and feeblj emargiuate at base, angles uol rectangu-
lar; thorax narrower ;n base, angles obtuse, n< >i overlapping basal angles of elytra.
Anterior femora mutic in both sexes.

Elytra shining; with striae of punctures, carbon aria.

Elvira suli-atr or striate', striae punctured, interstices convex, with muricate

punctures. nbsoleta.

Elytra diffusely punctured.

Elytra shining, punctures simple. quadri col lis.

Elytra opaque, densely muricatelj ouuetured, becoming granulate humeralits.

\ nterior femora armed in the male.

Tooth verj ohms.', elytral sculpture of smooth tubercles. g ra 11 ula ta.

Tooth very acute, elytra with striae of fine punctures. ext ricata.

limn p 11.

The spurs of the auterior tibiae are similar to each other in both sexes. Occasionally the anterior spur is some
what longer than the other; never, however, presenting anything similar to that seen in the preceding group, in which
it is nearly double the size ami width of the oilier, ami very strongly curved backward, especially in the

Thorax smooth, finely and sparsely punctured. Section A.

Thorax rugous, coarsely ami confidently punctured. Section B.

8< 1 1 ion A.

All the femora toothed in both sexes.

Teeth of femora acute. ;i 1 m a t a .

militaris.

Teeth of femora obtuse. fem orata.

Anteiioi femora alone armed with a tooth, or all the femora mntie.

Thorax sub-quadrate, frequently narrower in front, base very rarely narrowed, sides feebly

rounded
Elongate species, elytra never ventricose nor striate, femora mutic.

'Thorax elongate. longicoll is.

Thorax square. - > n I i 1 i ~ .

Species usually ventricose, elytra striate, femora of j, either acutelj toothed or sinuate
u tin tip.
Antei ioi femora with a strong curved tooth in v, only, ventricosa.

•' stiai'_;lit acute tooth in J, ami 9-
Thora x deeply emarginate in front , angles not everted. lucae.

feebly " " " angles acute, everted, gracilis,

sinuate near the tip in J and J. innocens.

-ides of thorax stronglj rounded, always narrower at base.

'Thorax verj convex, humeral angles of elytra indistinct or wanting.

Anterior femora armed in both sexes. g ra ndicoll is.

Anterior let a nnitie in both sexes. gigantea

'Thorax moderately convex, humeral angles of elytra always evident.

Ant. femora mutic in both sexes. nigrina.

Ant. femora armed at least in <?.

304 REVISION OF THE TENEBKIOMIU. OF AMERICA,

Thorax "iili sides gradually narrowing to base.

Elytra sulcate, interstices convex, impunctured. hispilabris.

Elytra Bub-striate, interstices with muricate punctures. sj sa .

c a u '1 i fe r a .
Thorax stronglj constricted at base. acuticauda.

il eul i |n' s .
Section B.

Here are placed some small species with a very strongly punctured, moderately conrex, sub-quadrate thorax, and
with oval elytra with indistinct humeri.

Elytra granulate or rugose and frequently hairy.

Elytra nol hairy, opaque, with rows of elevated rounded tubercles. granosa.

Elytra hairy, surface verj coarsely and confidently punctured, shining. hirsuta.

Elytra opaque, sub-striate, with strongly muricate punctures, each bearing an erect black

hair. pilosa.

Bi \i"i 1.1-.

This name is proposed for a sub-generic division of Bleodes, in which the basal joints
(usually throe) of the anterior tarsi of the male arc clothed with a dense silken pubes-
cence, obliterating entirely the median groove, evident in the remaining joints and in the
entire tarsus of the female.

Thorax feebly constricted at base; lateral margin entire, extending i" base.

Base of thorax rounded. sea I. ri pe n nis.

Base of thorax truncate.

Elytra convex, humeral angles very obtuse.

Terminal joints of antennae not compressed, antennae apparently clavate. cla vicorn is.

Terminal joints of antennae flattened.

Hind angles of thorax obtuse. lecon tei.

Hind angles of thorax rectangular.

Elytra more or less shining, muricately punctured. consobrina.

Elytra very opaque, with Bmall rounded granules densely but irregu-
larly placed. t e n ebrosa .
Elytra depressed, humeral angles distinct. planipennis.
Thorax very strongly constricted at base, lateral margin obsolete at constriction.

Thorax si ill. coarsely and sparsely punctured. p a r vi collis.

Thorax rugose, very coarsely and confluently punctured.

Elytral sculpture of c se punctures with the interstitial elevations more or less <-.>n-

fluent into transverse plications. c o r d ata.

Elytral sculpture of elevated, distinct, smooth tubercles, in longitudinal series. pimelioides.

Promus.

The sub-genus Promus contains species more or less fusiform and with, at least, the
basal joinl of the anterior tarsi dilated and thickened and spongy pubescent beneath.

Base of elytra emarginate, angles produced, embracing the basal angles of thorax. Femora mutic.

Elytral margin acute, surface opaque and sparsely pubescent, opaca.

Elytral margin rounded, surface glabrous. fusi fo r mis.

Base of elytra very feebl.\ emarginate, or truncate, angles acute, not prolonged, basal angles of
thorax distinct. Anterior femora armed in the males.

Tooth of femur very acute in ',: elytra opaque, with distinct series of fine punctures. Bubnitens.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 305

Tooth of femur broad in &; elytra sub-opaque and with distant series of large punctures;

punctures distant fro ither. Ber i

M de unknown. Elytra striate, striae approximate and with very closely placed punctures, st riolat ;i .

Sub-Genus Eleodes,

This division contains all the large sp ;ci< s, and the smallest is Ij below the me-

dium size. It may be distinguished from the other divisions 1>\ having the tarsi entirely
-i tose beneath, never silken or spongy pubescent. The first joinl of the anterior tarsus
of the male is somewhat thickened in the first few species; this would never be mistaken
for the marked expansion and peculiar vestiture of the Promus group. The form ofmen-
tum is also subject to some slight variation; this will be alluded to under the species
themselvi s.

Group I. is characterized by the marked inequality between the spurs of the anterior
tibia?, notably in the females, and in accordance with this variation we may again sub-
divide the group into two parts. Section I. contains the large sulcatc species. With
them the anterior spur of the anterior tibia is much smaller than the posterior, the latter
though scarcel) longer is much broader and more robust and obtuse at the tip. Here.
also, occurs the thickening of the first joint of the anterior tarsus of the male.

ira, Say, Blaps .Tourn. Acad. ::. 259. Am. Ent. tab. 16. Eleodes) Esch.

I cannot accept the feeble differences between the five sp icies described, as indie,
of specific distinction. With very large series it would be difficult indeed in define even
races. The three principal variations have been selected as centres, and ma) for conve-
nience be called "races," each ma) receive separate notice, and the student be thereby
the better enabled to determine either their validity as species, separation as races, or
complete union as mere varieties.

dispersa, Lec.;d leta, Lee. Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 182.

Variations of sculpture alone form the differences between the three races. The mid-
dle lobe of the mentum is large, obtuse in front, coarsely punctured and elevated more or
less along the median Line, the lateral lobes are small, strongly indexed, scarcely evident
without careful examination. The head is often coarsely punctured, and the clypeo-
frontal suture bj no means rarelj visible. Thorax broader than long, moderatel] convex
and shining, and sparsely punctured, anteriorly truncate with obtuse angles. The sides
are rather broadly rounded in front, slightly sinuate b •hind, margin fine, slight!) reflexed,
base feebly sinuate and one-fourth narrower than at the widest portion ; .the hind angles
are never acute, though distinct, generally rectangular. The el) tra vary in shap i even in
individuals of the same sex. Their form is. however, elongate oval, generall) twice longer
than broad, side- more or less rounded, occasionally sub-parallel in some males. The
margin is never acute even at humerus, always rounded. The sculpture consists of very

A.MEBI. run —VOL. Xiv. — 77

306 REVISION OF Tin: TBNEBRIONID.S OF AMERICA,

indistinct striae, with the whole surface rather densely and very irregularly muricately
punctured. The anterior femora are armed in both sexes with a tooth, strong and acute
in the male, verj obtuse in the female and occasionally reduced to a mere sinuation.
This form occurs in New Mexico. Length 1.25 inch.

obscura,Sa ices already given).

Differs from the preceding as follows: Elytra Feebly sulcate, interstices convex and
rather sparselj muricately punctured, the more densely in the stria'. This race is also
smaller and shows more tendency in the elytra to become reddish brown than the others.
I' agrees in everj respect with dispersa excepting the elytral sculpture. Its habitat is
more northern than the preceding, occurring in Nebraska anil Colorado.

Length 1 .05 inch.

sulcipenuis, Mum.. Beitrag. 226; Mag. Zool. 1843, pi. 128; arata, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. L82.

This form is still more deeply sulcate than the preceding and has smoother interstices
with fewer muricate punctures.

Specimens occur very abundantly in Oregon, northern California, and through Nevada
and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona.

Length hardly varying from 1.25—1.30 inch.

E. acuta, Say, Blaps Journ. Acad. ::. p. 258. Am. Ent. tab. 16. Esch. (Eleodes .

The form of this species is not greatly different from the preceding. The only con-
stant character being in the greater acuteness of the elytral margin, especially near the

humeral angle. The dorsum of elytra is more or less flattened, and in proportion to the
extent of this depression the margin is more extended from the humeral angle until it is
almost as evident, though never so acute as in the following species. The thorax is simi-
lar in form to ohscura and lacks entirely the flattening and very acute margin of suturalis.
The anterior femora are toothed, the female the more obtuse. The species occurs from
Kansas to Texas and varies in length from 1.-1.40 inch.

E. suturalis, Say, Blaps) Journ. Acad. 3, p. 257; Am. Ent. tab. 16; Escb. (Eleodes).

The general form of this species agrees with the two already mentioned, differing,
however, in having both the thorax and elytra with a very acute margin, generally slightly
reflexed in the latter, always so in the- former, so that the dorsum appears either flattened
or concave, in accordance with the degree to which they are upturned. The sides of the
elytra are rounded, never parallel, tin1 dorsum is always flat. The anterior femora are not
very acutely toothed, frequently merely sinuate. Occurs abundantly in Kansas and Xe-
braska, and varies in length from .8 to 1.2 inch.

Man\ specimi ns have a broad red hand along the suture of the elytra.

E. i ■■ \ a mi v. Lei ., Proc. Acad. 18C8, p. is?; Thomson, Arcana, 1. pi. XII. fig. .">.

\cuti l\ margined as in the preceding. The thoracic margin is much wider and more

NORTH OF MEXICO. 301

reflexed. The thorax is broader, sides more stronglj rounded, apex deeply emarginate
with acute angles, base trisinuate also with acute angles. The elytra arc also more
acutely margined than siduralis, the dorsum slightly concave, longer and more parallel
and in the males slightlj produced, their surface is also feeblj sulcate with striae of coarse,
closely placed punctures. The anterior femora (if the male are armed with a rather small

acute tootll.

This species has thus far occurred in Texas alone. Length 1.25—1.50 inch.

Section EI. of Group [. contains all those species of the sub-genus Eleodes in which
the anterior spur of the anterior tibia is notably longer, broader, thicker and more stronglj
curved than the posterior '-pur. in the females.

E. pedinoides, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1838, p. 183. asperatu, Lee, loc. cil

The peculiar form of the elytra distinguishes this and the nexl from the others ofthi
tion which follow. The sides are sub-parallel, very feebly rounded and scarcely nar-
rower (frequently broader) at base than at any other portion. The base is also truncate
and the angles rectangular, extending under the basal angles of the thorax. In both
species the middle lobe of the mentum is smaller, rather more acute and more pi'omii
in front than the species in the preceding section. The form of the thorax of E. pedi-
noides is similar to that of acuta. The anterior angles are not acute and the posterior are
rectangular. The base feebly emarginate and with an impression near each hind angli .
The sides are rounded anteriorly, slightly sinuate posteriorly. The elytra are oval, not
narrowed at base, black, glabrous, and never pubescent, feebly sulcate with moderately
convex interstices. The stria? are rather coarsely punctured in some specimens, less evi-
dentlj in others. la the variety asperata the punctures become slightly muricate al tin-
sides near the ap x. The elytra are also moderately convex, margin rounded, the humeri
are occasionally slightlj carinate. The femora are mutic in both sexes.

Occurs in southwestern Texas. Length .75—95 inch.

ta.Say, Blaps Journ. Acad. 8, 262 Lei El d to, Kirby, Pimelia N.Z.,232;

ata | Sol., Eleodes Baudi e Truqui, \>. 266, (indicated l>y error as from Spain : robuata, Lee, Proc. Acad.,

p. is::.

Similar in form to pedinoides, differing in the following characters: Elytra usually

flattened, margin more acute, alternate interspaces more elevated, the shallow sulci are
rather strongly muricately punctured, each puncture with a short robust hair in recent
specimens. The elytra are never shining as in pedinoides, and the peculiar sub-tricosta-
tion will readily distinguish it. The variety robusta, as the name indicates, is larger,
stouter and rather more coarsely muricate.

The species is abundant on the plains of Kansas and Nebraska and southward into
T< xas. Length .50-.90 inch.

808 REVISION OF THE TENEBBIONIDJS OF AMERICA,

Following the Pediniform species, we have another sub-section still having the ante-
rior spur nf i In ■ anterior tibia larger than the posterior, but dift'i ring especially in the tuna
of the elytra. En these the humeral angles of the elytra arc but feebly prominent, and
the base feeblj emarginate ; the elytra themselves are always convex, never flattened and
sub-acute on the margin. 'The thorax is usually narrowed at base, the angles never
prominent nor overlapping the elytral base.

E. carbonaria, Say, Iila]>~ Journ. Acad. '■'. 260; Lee. (Eleodes : %•/■</'. I. re. Proc. Acad. 1858, !s">: immunis,

il... [86; d< I i . ib., Is''.

This species as above defined may be known from all the others of the sub-section by
the smooth polished elytra, with rows of large punctures rather »distantly placed, the in-
terstices of the rows are flat. In some specimens the punctures arc small, though in
other respects the characteristics of the species, such as the polish, the distance between
the rows, arc still present. In sonic specimens of quaclricollis there is an evident ten-
dency to the arrangement of the punctures in rows; in these, however, the interstices
will be seen to be very distinctly diffusely punctured, besides lacking the peculiar appear-
ance of carhonaria, readily remembered after sight.

I have united several other species with carhonaria, as may be seen above. OF these.
I am absolutely unable to distinguish even as faint varieties, soror and immunis. Dehilis
is a very small form from the mountainous region around Santa Fe, and differs from the
typical form only in having the thorax slightly more transverse and widest at the middle,
while the others have the thorax widest in front of the noddle. From the known degree
of variation of other species and from the fact that this possesses all the other characters
of the species, I am unwilling to retain it as distinct.

The species is rather abundant in southern Colorado, New Mexico and eastern Ari-
zona and Texas.

Length .65-1.00 inch.

E. obsoleta, Say, Blaps) Journ. Acad. :!, 261. (Eleodes) Lee.

This species has mutic femora also, and may he known by the SlUcate or striate elytra.
The suture is frequently reddened, the stria' are marked with coarse punctures and the
interpaces coarsely muricately punctured. The form is usually robust, occasionally elon-
gate in the males, elytra rather broadly oval and feebly convex on the disc. As in car-
honaria, the thorax is sub-quadrate, sides and base feebly rounded, anteriorly ven feeblj
emarginate.

Occurs abundantly on the plains of Kansas and southward to New Mexico.

Length .50-.80 inch.

I'., quadricollis, Esch., Zool. Atl. III., p. 12, tab. 11. iiu. 5. Mann.. Beitrag, 268; omnia, Lee.. Proc. Acad.
a, Lee, \ini. Lye. 5, 138.

Very similar in form to obsoleta. The elytra arc more convex, totally black, with

NORTB OF MEXICO. 309

sculpture consisting of punctures sometimes fine, al others rather coarse, rather denselj
lmt irregularly placed and never muricate, never arranged in rows. The femora are
mutic in both sexes. The thorax is also narrower af base than in the two preceding spe-
cies. The elytra ol the female are always broadlj oval, those of the male elongate,
scarcelj broader than the thorax.

Occurs in California, from San Francisco to San Diego on the coast3 and inland from
San Jose to Tejon. Specimens have been senl from Sonora.

Length .60-.80 inch.

E. humeralis, Lee, Pacif. 1!. It. Surv. IT parallel, App. 1. p. 50.

Differs from the preceding in the rather deeper emargination of the base of the elytra,
and by the humeral angles a little more prominent. The elytra are always opaque to a
greater or less extent, and very densely rauricately punctured or almost granulate. The
femora are mutic.

Occurs in northern California and Oregon, where it replaces quadricollis of tin- south-
ern regions.

Length .54-.68 inch.

E. granulata, Lee, f: oblusa, Lee., Proc. A.cad. 1861, p. 352, % : aspi 'a, Lee., New Species, 115; fsuba
Sol., Stud. Ent. 246.

From all the other species this may he readily distinguished by the elytra! sculpture,
consisting of rows of moderately elevated, rather smooth tubercles with opaque interspaces.
Its form i-* similar to the male of quadricollis. I have placed it in association with extri-
eata, a species with armed anterior femora, although is lemma are scarcely toothed, but
strongly sinuate near the tip. The other preceding species have the femora of both sexi -
entirely without either a tooth or the suspicion of a sinuation. The specimens in our col-
lections appear to he rather poorl) developed, and from what occurs in other species it is
inferable that fully developed forms may have a very distinct tooth in the males. I have
united aspt /•" a- a synonym, although the specimen is not before me. I believe it to be
merelj a more roughlj sculptured form, bearing the same relation to ,/,■>/, mlata that nsj,,.
rata does to /.< dinoides.

Occurs as follows; granvlata, Oregon; obtusa, California; aspera, New Mexico.

The three specimens scarcely varj from .60 inch. The last synonym is placed here
doubtfully. Should it prove to be identical witli granvlata, this name must be suppressed
and the name ofSolier used instead.

E. extricata, Say, Maps Journ. Acad. 8, 261. Lee. Eleodes Bald., Stansb. Rep., App. C, p. 376.

Readily distinguished from all others of the sub-section bj the very evident tooth of

the anterior femur of the male, as well as },\ the rather more slender form of that - \

AMF.KI. PH1L080. BOC. — VOL. XIV. — 7s

310 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDjE OF AMERICA,

The thorax is finel) and very sp irs< 1\ punctured, the elytra coarsely and densely, with a
faint tendency to the arrangement of the puncture- in lines, more evident in the smoother
varieties of the species. Cognata, Hald., is merely a more robust and rather smoother
form of extricata.

11 curs abundantly on the plains of Kansas and Nebraska, and some few have been
obtained in Utah and eastern Oregon.

Length . 12-.56 inch.

Group II.

This group is distinguished readily from the preceding, by having the spurs of the an-
terior tibise very nearly equal in size and in no way differing from each other in thickness

and shapi .

Section I. contains the bulk of the species of the group, and may be recognised by the
smooth, sparsel) punctured thorax.

The three following species differ from all the other-, by having all the femora of each
sex armed with a very distinct tooth, large and strong in the first two, small in the last.
The tibiae are also more strongly curved than in an) others of the genus.

E. militaris, n. sp., black, moderately shining, elongate, similar in form to femorata. Thorax '■.., sub quadrate,
moderately convex, -iil<-- rounded, feebhj converging al base; apex rather deeply emarginate, angles acute, nol denti-
form; base feeblj rounded, angles no! prominent; J thorax one-third broader than long, more convex at sides, moder-
ately rounded, uol converging ;a base; apes as in male, base truncate or feebly rounded, notably broader than apex,
5 not prominent. Elytra elong ite oval, strongly attenuate behind, verj convex above, with distant rows of rather

.ml distant punctures. Legs coarsely punctured. Presternum prolonged, horizontally mucronate. Mesosternum
slightlj concave. Length .86 1.00 inch.

Lower California. Mr. Wm. M. Gabb.

The se\es of this species differ from each other, in the form of the elytra, the female
as usual being the broader and more robust, and also in the form of the thorax. In the
■ there is scarcely anj difference between the thoraces of femorata and militaris, while
that of the female of the latter species is much broader, the side- regularly rounded to the
basal angles and the base broader near the apex. In both s,.\rs all the femora are armed
with a ver) strong triangidar tooth, broader but less acute than armata. This species
differs from armata in the character last given, and also in its much lis- prominent and
never dentiform apical thoracic angles. The elytra approach the form of femorata, and
are more attenuate behind than in armata. The peculiar form of thorax causes the fe-
male to appear more obtuse in front.

E. armata, I.e.. Ann. Lye. 5, KM; Tl -on. Arcana I, PI. XII. Qg. 2.

The elytra of this species are less attenuate, rather more suddenl) declivous behind

than either of tin' other- of the group. The anterior angles of the prothorax are acute.
usuall) prominent and dentiform. Further comparison between this and the preceding

WORTB OF MEXII 0. :3 1 1

species is unnecessary, while from the following il maj be distinguished by having ver\
much more prominent femoral spurs and by the form of the elytra alreadj mentioned.

0 curs abundantly on the Colorado Desert (Leconte); those in my cabinet are from
central Arizona, where it exceeds all other insects in abundance except E. hispilabris,
S iy,(sulcata, Lee.) Length .58-1.30 inch. The greater number arc over one inch in length.

E. femorata, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, Kit.

Tin- teeth of the femora arc all very obtuse.
i >ccurs at San Diego, ( lalifornia.
Length .68-1.00 inch.

The species of the section hereafter noted differ from tin- three preceding, in having

only the anterior femur (if any) toothed.

In accordance with the form of thorax tin- species max he again sub-divided, those
with a sub-quadrate thorax with very feebly rounded sides, and with the base rarely nar-
rower w ill he mentioned first.

E. longicollis, Lee., Ann. Lye. ~>. 134. 0 Lee., Proc. Acad. 1858, p. L86.

Frequently elongated fusiform in shape, thorax generally longer than broad, sides

ily rounded, base always broader than apex. Femora mutic in both sexes. The elytra
arc smooth or feehly punctured, never striate.

0 curs abundantly in New Mexico and Arizona, and occasionally in Kansas and
Colorado.

Length .90-1.25 inch.

K gentilis, Lee., Proc. A.cad. 1858, p. ls7.

The femora are mutic as in longicollis, from which it differs in it- -mailer size, more
quadrate thorax with more rounded sides and rather more prominent anterior angles.
i I curs at San 1 >iego, ( 'al.
Length .75 inch.

E. ventricosa, Lee., Pro Lead. 1858, p. 168.

With this species commences a series with the anterior femora of the i (and fre-
quently 5 ) armed with an acute tooth or sinuate. The elytra are also feehly sulcate and
rows of rather coarse punctures. In this the elytra are strongly ventricose in both sexes,
and also caudate in the male. The anterior femora of the male are armed with a robust

h. strongly curved. The thorax i- broader than long, with sides and base moderately
rounded, anferiorh feebly emarginate, angles distinct, not dentiform.

Occurs in Ti xas, mar the Rio Grande.

Length 1.05-1.40 inch.

312 REVISION OF Till: TENEBRIONIDJE OF AMERICA,

I 1 n cse, Lee, New Species, p. 1 1 I.

The species is more elongate than the preceding, and \<t\ feebly ventricose in Ihe fe-
male. The elytra are more deeply striate and also caudate in the male. The thorax has
feebly rounded sides, an almost truncate base, apex emarginate, angles distinct, never
dentiform. Both sexes have the anterior femora armed with an acute straight tooth.

Abundant near Cape St. Lucas, Lower California, where it replaces gracilis of Arizona
and the northern end of the Peninsula.

Length .70-1.04 inch.

E. gracilis, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 184.

\- in luece, the anterior (emora of both sexes are armed with an acute tooth. It dif-
fers by it- more elongate form, the dentiform anterior angles of the thorax, as well as b)
the thorax being narrower behind and the sides more strongly rounded. The male is
never caudate.

From New Mexico. Arizona, and the upper end of the Peninsula of Lower California.

Length .78-.94 inch.

I'., i n nor r n s. Lec, Ni » Species, p. ill.

The femora of this species are feebly sinuate. The elytra are rather strongly striate.
as in /mil. The thorax is slightly longer than broad, with feebly rounded sides and trim-
cate base. The apex is very feebly emarginate, the angles prominent, not dentiform.

From Cape St. Lucas.

Length .54 inch.

The following -prcies have the thorax rounded on the sides and with the sides more
strongly convergent at base, frequently rather suddenly constricted.

Tlic first two species have the thorax very convex, hind angles obtuse, humeral angles
of elytra wanting. In both the elytra an1 smooth or faintly punctured, never striate or
silicate.

E. grandicollis, Mann., Beitrag. \>. 266; Mag. Zool. istt. pi. 130. valida, Boheman, Eugen. Resa. Ins. p. 90.

The elytra are rather broadly oval in outline. The anterior femora are toothed in
both sexes. Dr. Leconte mentions the synonym in Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. 1859, p. 290, but
it has been accidentally omitted in his List of Coleoptera.

Occurs near San Francisco, Cal.

Length 1.-1.20 inch.

E. gigantea, Mann., Beitr., p. 267; Mag. ZooL 1848, pi. 127.

More elongate and attenuate than the preceding. The femora are mutic in both sexes.
Occurs at San Francisco, and in the Sacramento Valley around the hay.
Length 1.10-1.40 inch.

NORTH OF SIEXK 0. ;!1 3

I'., nigrina, Lee Pro A.i ad. 1858, p. 186.

With this species commences a series in which the humeral angles of th elytra are
much more distinct than in the two preceding. The thorax is also much less convex.
From the species following, this one may be readily known by the femora being merely
feeblj sinuate in both sexes. The elytra arc feebly striate, with muricate punctures nol
verj densely but verj irregularly placed. The males are rather more slender than the
females. The elytra of both are sub-opaque, a character otherwise unknown in the group.
More decidedly Upiform than any other species.

Occurs in Oregon, thence eastward to Dacota, and southward into Colorado and
western Kansas.

Length .60-.86 inch.

E. hispilabris, Say, Blaps Journ. A. ■:,,!. :;. 260; Am. Ent. pi. 16. Lee, Proc. A.cad. 6, 61

Lee . Pacif. R. R. Repts., App. 1. p. 19; I , Proc. A.cad. 1858, p. 183.

I have no hesitation in applying the name of S ty to one of our species, better known
under the pre-occupied designation sulcata, Lee. The description and figure of Say ap-
to me perfectly applicable to this and not to one of the larger species of Group I.
The prominent dentiform anterior thoracic angles, so well described and figured, are not
found in any species of the obsenra series. I am unable to find character- warranting the
division of the species into three others, tin- forms so completelj passing from on,- to the
other without a break in the series. The specie- may he readily distinguished from all
those having the same form of thorax, by the more or less deeply sidcate elytra, with con-
vex interstices. The stria- are punctured and the interstices -month. In the variety
nupia, the elytra are rather more convex and broader, and the sulci less deep, and the
interstices consequently much less convex.

Occurs abundantly in Oregon and Arizona. Kansas, Colorado and 'Texas. Say's spe-
cimens came from "Missouri," a very badly defined geographical region in his day.

Length .70-1.0.") inch.

E. sponsa, Lee., Proc. \> "1. 1858, i>. 184.

In general form this species resembles tin- preceding. The thorax is, however, less
rounded on the sides and more nearly quadrate. The anterior angles are acute and fre-
quently prominent. The elytra are elongate oval, slightly flattened, feebly sub-striate
and with the interstices rather coarsely muricately punctured. Tin' apex i- moderately
acute in the male, never prolonged or caudate. The anterior femora of the male- are fur-
nished With an acute tOOth, the lemale- with one more ohtu-e.

Occurs in southern Colorado and eastern New Mexico.
Length .80-.96 inch.

AMKEI. PHIL080. SOC. — Vol.. XIV. — ','.)

314 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMERICA,

E. caudifera, Lee, Proc. &cad. 1858, p. 184.

Differs IV the preceding as follow-: Males with the apex of elytra prolonged or

caudate; anterior femora armed with an obtuse tooth in the males, mutic in females.

( Occurs with the preceding.

Length .70-.90 inch, exclusive of elytral prolongation.

I., acuticauda, Lee, Aim. Lye. 5, 185; laticollis, Lee, ib.

In this species the thorax is at least one-half broader than long, sides very stronglj
rounded, base strongly constricted ; anterior angles very acute, prominent and dentiform.
The elytra are elongate and strongly produced in the male, not suddenly caudate. The
sculpture consists of stria' of fine punctures. The anterior femora of both sexes are acutely
toothed, tooth rather small.

Occurs only in extreme southern California. The synonym belongs to a larger and
narrower form.

Length .90-1.30 inch.

E. de nt ipes, Esch., Zool. Atl. 3, 10, pi. I 1, fig. 4; Mann. Beitrag. 867; Guerin. Mag. Zool. I. 31, pi. 117.

The thorax is much less broad than acuticauda, the sides less rounded and the an-
terior angles less prominent, and the elytra are never as produced. Both sexes have the
anterior femora armed, though the tooth is less prominent and broader than in the prece-
ding species.

The most abundant species in California south of the latitude of San Francisco, and
very variable both in sculpture and general form.

I length .62-1.05 inch.

Section H.

E. granosa, Lee, New Species, p. in;.

The elytral sculpture of this species is peculiar and without any parallel in the genus.
One specimen in the cabinet of Dr. Leconte, from California, another in my own, from
Nevada, collected by Mr. \Vm. M. Oabb.
Length .65— .75 inch.

i:. pilosa, n. sp., black obaque. Head coarsely and densely punctured, sparsely clothed with short, black,
sub-ereel hairs. Thorax sub-quadrate, feebly narrowed behind, sides moderatelj rounded, margin hardly evident;
apex mill base truncate, angles not prominent; above very coarselj ami confluently punctured witb erect black hairs.
Elytra oval, moderately convex, humeri indistinct, surface faintly sub-striate with densely an.] irregularis placed mu-
ricate punctures, each bearing a rather long black hair. Beneath muricately punctured ami setose, abdomen more
shining, less densely punctured. Femora mutic in both sexes.

Occurs abundantly in Owens' Valley, California, and in western Nevada (Gabb).

I ,ength . 16— .60 inch.

NORTH OF MIX 315

E. hirsuta, Loc, P Acad. 1801, p. 352.

Readily known from the two preceding, by the shining, d msely punctured and pub js-
cent elytra. Its form i- more robust and the elytra more broadl) oval.
From the same regions with pilosa.

Length . 10— .44 inch.

Occurs in Owens' Valley, California, (Horn), ami western Nevada (Gabb).

Sub-Genus Bi lpi lis.

This sub-generic name is proposed for some small species in which tin1 males have
two (sometimes three) basal joints of the anterior tarsi clothed with a rather dense silken
pubescence, obliterating entirely the groove. These joints are never dilated nor thick-
ened. The femora are all unarmed. The thorax has rather strongl) rounded sides, and
always greatly narrowed at base, frequently constricted, appearing to ho almost peduncu-
late. The elytra are oval, strongly rounded on the side-, humeral angles usually obtuse.
The tibial ^iuin are usuallj short, stout and sub-equal.

This assemblage of characters will readily distinguish the species of this sub-genus, of
which cordata may he considered the central form. The peculiar tarsal vestiture i^ -eon
also in the following sub-genus, where it becomes more spongy, and in ventricosa, where
the anterior tarsi of some males are more hairy than spinous.

Two sections an1 found in the sub-genus. The firs! contain- species with a less
strongly constricted thorax, and with the lateral margin extending to the basal margin.

E. scabripennis, Lee, Proc. A.cad. 1859, p. ' i . Lee, Proc. A. -a, I. 1861, p. 352, V

The base of thorax is rather more strongly rounded, the disc much less convex, and
the sides much lev- rounded than any of tin- species of the sub-genns. The elytra an'
very densel) and irregularly muricatelj punctured.

From Santa Barbara and Ft. Tejon, California.

Length .55— .65 inch.

E. clavicomi Esch., Zool. Atl. 3, p. 11 Mann. Beitrag. 270 , Bobemann, Eugen. Resa. Ins.,

The t ' Bobemann, is merely a specimen of this species with two thoracis \ il varie-

i ies of i lii- kind frequently occur in many of the spi ally in small individuals.

This species is among the smallest of the genus, and may he easilj recoguised from
the characters given in the table. The middle lobe of the mentum is much more acute
and prominent than in its allies, resembling somewhat that of the larger species preA iously

316 REVISION OF THE TEXEBKIOXID.E OF AMERICA,

cited. The elytra are rather coarsely and densely punctured in scarcely evident lines,
eat h puncture bearing a short hair.

Occurs in California from San Francisco to the head of Sacramento Valley.

Length .36-.50 inch.

I . lecontei, Horn: subaspera \ Lee, Nm Species, p. 115.

I change the name given it 1>\ Leconte, Solier having used the name many years be-
fore. Closely allied to consobrina. The sides of the thorax are regularly rounded to the
basal angles, and the angles scarceh evident. The elytral sculpture consists of irregularly
but closely placed granules.

Found in Colorado.

Length .60 inch.

E. consobrina, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, p. 135; veieyi, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 187.

This species begins a series with the thorax more strongly constricted at base- in this
and the two following, however, the lateral line still extends to the base. The elytral
sculpture consists of muricate punctures rather irregularly placed on the disc, becoming
tubercles on the sides.

Abundant at Tort Tejon, California.

Length .60-.74 inch.

E. tenebrosa, black, opaque. Head rather coarsely punctured; thorax one-third broader than long, very

coarsely punctured, bei ing granular ;it the sides; sides strongly rounded, margin entire, basal angles moderately

prominent, rectangular: elytra elongate oval, moderately convex, sides moderately rounded, basal angles obtuse, sur-
face rather densely and irregularly covered with small, rounded, shining tubercles, arising from a very opaque
Under surface and legs coarsely and densely punctured.

from Owens' Valley, California, (collected by myself), and from western Nevada (by

Mr. Gabb).

I <ength .54k— .65 J inch.

The elytra are scarcely broader at their broadest part than the thorax, and much less
rounded on the sides than any species of this section of the sub-genus.

E. planipennis, Lee, New Species, p. 116.

The elytra of this species are quite flat on the disc, and the margin less ohtuse than
the other species. The thorax is also more deeph emarginate in front, and the anterior
femora rather more strongly sinuate. The elytra are also more finely and less densely
muricately punctured.

From eastern New Mexico.
Length .64 inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 317

The second section of the sub-genns contains those species in which the thorax is
strongly constricted at base, almost p idunculate, and the lateral marginal line not attain-
ing the basal margin. On account of the extreme variation of which the species arc sus-
ceptible, many more names have been applied to the varieties than we can draw lines to
separate. On account ol the difficulty of ascertaining accurately the forms to which Esch-
scholtz's names were applicable, Dr. Leconte obtained types from Europe, some of which
were carefully compared bj the late Dr. Schaum, while others were furnished by Mene-
tries and Motschulsky from the original collection of Eschscholtz, and with this assistance
and the large numbers of specimens in Dr. Leconte's cabinet and mj own. 1 can safelj as.
sort that but three speci< > should he recognized in the fourteen varieties already known to us.

E. par vicollis, Esch., Zool. Atl. 3, p. 12: Matin. Beitrag. 271: i, Esch . et Mann. loc. •ii

Mann., loc. cit.; Esch., el Mann. loc. 'it.: Es et Mum.. Ioc. cit.; Proc.

A. I. 1858, ].. 187.

This species lias the thorax comparatively smooth. The punctures, though rather
coarse, are never confluent, and the thorax has never the scabrous app sarance of tic two
succeeding species. Tin elytra are also rather coarsely punctured than intricatelj rugose,
as in tin' next. The form of elytra varies greatly, and on this alone have been founded
the numerous names cited above a- synonyms.

/■/. proditcta has the humeral angles very distinct and the disc et' the elytra more tl it-
tened, approaching in this respect planipennis. The humeral angles, however, become
less distinct, and at the same time the disc more convex, and the transition i-- verj grad-
ual and easy through planata and parvicoll is to seabrosa. Typical specimens of all the
>]) ;cies are before me. and it is easy to complete series leading gradually from one form to
the other, all preserving, however, the common character- given in the synoptic table.

This species is abundant at San Francisco and around the hay in a southerly direction.

I .ength . 1:2— .64 inch.

E. cordata, Esch., Zool. Vtl. 3, p. 10: Mann. Beitr., p. 27::. Esch., et. Mann Ioc. >it.:

Mann., Beitr., p. 273; rotundip I ■• . ta, Lee, Pacif, I!. K. Reports, App. 1. p. 50.

Differs from the preceding in having the thorax densely and continently punctured.
The sides of the thorax are mere strongly rounded in front, behind the middle nar-
rowing rather suddenly, causing them to appear somewhat sub-angulate. This character i>
seen in the next spi cies, hot never in the previous one. The elytra are also more rugosi .
tin spaces between the punctures are elevated and convex, and more or less confluent
transversely.

The species is abundant in the region of San Francisco, extending its r s i the
southward through the Sacramento Valley and into Oregon, where it is replaced by the
next species.

Length .40-.62 inch.

AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV.— 80

:;is REVISION OF Tin: TENEBRIONIDjE OF AMERICA,

1".. pimelioides, Mann., Beitrag. 374; Wag. Zool. 1848, pi. 129; viator, Lee, Proe Acad. I-'.-, p. [88; subli-
Lee, Pacif. R. R. Rep., App. I. p. 50.

The elytra of this species are more opaque than either of the preceding, and have rows
of small rounded tubercles placed in rather regular series, less distinct along the suture.
The form of thorax is similar to the preceding, and is coarsely and continently punctured.

Abundant in Oregon and Montana, and is distributed in the same manner as nigrina,
excepl that it does not extend into New Mexico.

Length .S8-.54 inch.

In all the species of this sub-genus the middle lobe of the mentum is rather broader,
more obtuse in front (except clavicornis), and the lateral lobes much less evident than in
the normal Eleodes (sub-gen.) Jn clavicornis the middle lobe is rather prominent and
■more produced.

Snii i lenus Promi s.
The tirst and second joints of the anterior tarsi of the male arc thickened and flat-
tened beneath, and densely clothed with a very fine almost spongy pubesence. Combined
with these there is a peculiar more or less fusiform outline to the species. The sides of
the thorax always converge anteriorly, and the elytra become gradually broader in the
same line with the sides of the thorax.

E. opaca, Say, Blaps Joum. Acad. ::. p. 262; Eleodes Lee; (Promus) Lee, Class. Col. N. Am., p. ■.>•.>(>.

In this species the dorsum of elytra is quite fiat, the margin rather acute, the surface
is opaque and sparsely covered with short recumbent setose hairs. The base of elytra is
d seply emarginate, the angles clasping the obtuse basal angles of the thorax. The first
two joints of the anterior tarsus of the male are distinctly broader. The femora are un-
armed.

Occurs abunilantU on the plains of Kansas and Colorado.

Length .42-.50 inch.

E. fusiformis, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. L84.

Similar in form to the preceding. The dorsum is, however, much less flattened and
the margin not acute. The surface is black and shining, neither opaque nor pubescent,
but rather finely and closely sub-seriately punctured. The elytra] humeral angles clasp
the angles of the thorax. The femora are jnutic. The joints of the anterior tarsi can
hardly be called dilated, still their vertical measurement is greater than that of the female,
in which the joints are nearly cylindrical. There need be no doubt as to the position of
the species, its peculiar form and produced humeral angles show its relationship with

Occurs rarely, on the plains of Nebraska, southward through New Mexico, and is
more abundant, though by no means common, in Texas.
Length .50-.60 inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 319

E. sei iata, Lee, Proc. Ac.nl. 1858, p. 183.

The elytra of this species are frequently inflated in the female, always verj convex
and without any semblance of even an obtuse margin. Their sculpture consists of distant
rows of large and rather distant punctures. The anterior femora of the male are armed
with an obtuse tooth, an 1 the two basal joints distinctly thickened and dilated.

Occurs in New Mexico and Texas.

Length .G(i-.8() inch.

B. subnitens, Lee, Aim. Lye. 5, 134.

Similar in form to seriata, but less robusl and inure fusiform. The elytral margin is
regularly rounded, as in the preceding species. The surface is sub-opaque and the sculp-
ture of distant striae of fine punctures. The male has an aeute tooth to the anterior fe-
mur, and the two basal joints very distinctly thickened.

The unique specimen came from the region of Arizona traversed by the Gila River.

Length .70 inch.

E. striolata, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 185.

It is not without some misgivings that I place this species in the present sub-genus.
Three specimens are known to me, all females. The anterior spurs of the anterior tibiae
in all the species of Promus, are similar in structure to that seen in Section 15, Group I.
Eleodes, thus increasing the difficult} of assigning places in the genus to females when
the male is unknown. The anterior femora of the specimen before me are verj feebly
-innate, and should the male prove to have simple tarsi and a toothed femur, the spi cies

should be placed near extricata. A.s in the two preceding species, the basis of elytra are
very feeblj emarginate, the angles acute, neither prolonged nor clasping the thoracic base.
The surface is marked with approximate striae of rather fine punctures. The apex of
elytra is faintly prolonged, with the tips of the elytra slightly separated.

Occurs in southwestern Texas and adjoining regions of Mexico.

Length .65— .77 inch.

-

DIS< OGENIA, Lee.
Discogenia, Lee, New Spec. 1 17.

This genus differs from Eleodes by verj feeble characters, the value of which may be
at any time lessened by the discoverj of intermediate forms. The "mentum is quite flat,
not at all trilobed, but transverse, widened from the base to the middle, then rounded.
both at the front and sides, the lateral angles being also rounded at tip; the surface is
punctured and is foveate on each side near the angle." The epipleurae of the elytra, as in
Eleodes, are rather suddenly dilated at base and are slightly risible from above. The
tarsi are similar in both sexes and rather coarsely spinous beneath. The tibial spurs are
-imilar in the sexes and nearh equal.

3'2() revision OF Tin: tknkiumonid.k of AMERICA,

D. marginata, I'.-.l... Eleodes Zool. Atl. 3, 10; Mann. Beitrag. 269. Fhcheri, Maim., Rev. Zool. 1840, p.
131 Beitrag. 269. Lee. D i New Species, 117.

The thorax is broader than long, strongly rounded on the sides and finely margined,
and with the hind angles not prominent; anteriorly feebly emarginate angles obtuse.
The elytra are oval, rather pointed behind, and scarcely wider than the thorax, the hu-
meral angles arc obtuse. The anterior femora of the male are armed with an obtuse
tooth, the femora of the female are mutic.

Oenirs not abundantly in the region surrounding the Bay of San Francisco.

Length .56-82 inch.

I>. scabricula, Lee., Eleodes Proc. Acad. 1853, p. 187; Discogenia New Species, p. 117.

This species is more robust, much more rugosely sculptured, and differs especially in
the anterior femora of the female being armed with an obtuse tooth.

Length .7li inch.

EMBAPHION, Say.

Embapkion, Say, Journ. Acad. ". p. 253; Lacordaire Genera Y.. p. 152.

This genus is separated from Eleodes by rather feeble characters. The epipleivrae are
always narrow, the suture rarely visible except at apex, at base scarcely and not suddenly
wider, never attaining the humeral angles of elytra. The anterior tibiae at base are very
distinctly sinuate in tin mail s, less in the females. The thorax and elytra are always
acutely, sometimes broadly, margined; the elytral margin more or less distinctly rehVxed.
The mention is trilobed, the middle lobe broad, rounded in front, the lateral lobes small
and indexed.

I'., muricatum, Say. J. mm. Acad. :'.. 251; concavum, Lee, Proc. Acad. VI. p. -Hi!: Thomson, Arc-ana 1. pi.
xii, lig. 10.

This species may be readily distinguished from the others of the genus by the very
broad foliaceous margin of the thorax and elytra, very strongly reflexed. The elytral
margin extends beyond the apex and the two meet on a line with the suture. The thor-
acic margin is broad and widens behind, so that the hind angles are prominent, sub-acute,
and project backwards over the basal angles of the elytra. The thorax itself (less the
margins) is narrow, longer than broad, and about equal to half the width of the elytra
(without margin). The disc of elytra (without margin) is elongate oval, the humeral
angles not prominent and are rounded. The angles formed by the margin are nearly
right. The base of the thorax is strgngly trisinuate ; the base of the thorax proper be-
ing rounded, that of the margin on each side emarginate. The base of elytra is emargin-
ate at middle, and on each side broadly rounded. Concavum, Lee, is merely a large
form with more strongly reflexed margins. Tin- elytra of both forms arc sculptured with
approximate series of tine punctures, each bearing a short hair.

Occurs rather abundantly from Kansas to Texas.
Length .50-. 76 inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO.

321

I contusuni, Lee, -Tourn. Acad., Ser. ?. 1. p. I": Smithson. Cent. "1 New Mex. 15,

pi. 1. .

This species may be known by the broader thorax (proper), with narrower, less re-
flexed margins. The margin is, however, thin, as in the preceding, and formed by tin
sudden attenuation of the sides of the thorax. The sides of the margin are rounded from
apex and not broader at base. The basal angles are broadly rounded. The base of
thorax lias the hind angles more prominent than the middle of the base, the middle very
squarely truncate. The elytra are elongate oval, and the humeral angles (without margin)
distinct, though obtuse, the margin is acute, slightly reflexed, and ahoays attaining tin
apex of the elytra. The males are always provided with an apical prolongation of the
elytra, rather abrupt and with the tips slightly separated. The epipleurae are always
poorly defined except near the apex. The sculpture above is similar to the preceding
species; specimens from Arizona are more opaque.

Occurs from Kansas to Arizona.

Length .50-.78 inch.

E. elongatum. This is the most elongate of out species, tin- elytra being fully twice longer than In- 1. The

thorax is less margined than the preceding, and the disc moderately convex above, evidently na lind. The

thorax is emarginate in front, less deeply than the preceding. The middle of tin- base is slightly prolonged, and the
angles formed by the margin very obtusely rounded. The elytra are elongate, feebly rounded on the sides, gradually

iwing to apex and attenuate, margin acute, ii"t foliaceous, extending to apex. Humeral angles distinct. Epi-
pleurae indistinctly defined excepl ;it apex. The legs are long and slender, the hind femur longer than tin- firs) four
abdominal segments. The head is sparselj muricately punctured, tin' thorax is sparsely punctured on the- 'lis,-, granu-
lar on the margins, the elytra are sculptured as in the preceding species.

Occurs in western Nevada. For the only specimen in my cabinet I am indebted to Mr. Win, M. Gabb, of the
Geological Survey of California.

1 i -tli .60, width .'.'n inch.

E. planum. Thorax one-half broader than long, feebly convex above ami slightly narrower behind, anteriorly
not deeply emarginate, posteriorly with the middle of base truncate, not prolouged, margin acute, not foliaceous nor

,■ nly formed. Margin gradually rounded, slightly broader behind, hind angles obtuse, rounded and slightlj pro.
jecting beyond the middle <>f the base. Elytra elongate oval, sides rounded, gradually narrowing to apex ami acute
behind, not caudate. Margin acute, feebly reflexed, not attaining the apex. Disc flattened, never concave, angles
distinct, rounded, middle of base prolonged. Epipleural limits distinctly defined. The sculpture is similar in all re-
spects to

In this species the thorax is broader than one elytron and nearly equals the breadth
of one-and-a-hali. It ma\ he readily distinguished from contusum by the width of the
disc of the thorax. bj the males being never caudate or having suddenly acute elytra, by
the greater distinctness of the epipleural limits and by the margin of the elytra never at-
taining tiie apex.

( >CCUK in Kansas and ( lolorado.

Length .26-.70 inch.

AMERI. PHILOBO. SOC— VOL. XIV.— 81

322 REVISION OF Till. Ti:\l.l;Kln.\II>.K OF A.MKKK \.

E. depressum, Lee, Eleodea Aim. Lye. 5, 188; (Embaphion List of Col. X. A.. |

In this species the thin margin is almost totally wanting. The thorax is moderately
convex, one-third broader than long, very coarsely punctured, slightly narrower behind.
The sides are moderatel) rounded. Anteriorly rather feebly emarginate, posteriorly with
the middle ol the base slightlj prominent, angles obtuse. Elytra broadly oval, base
emarginate, angles prominent, sides strongly rounded, gradually narrowing to apex. Mar-
ginal line attaining the apex. Epipleurae limited by a very distinct elevated line. Third
abdominal segment placed obliquely to the second, especially evident in the males. The
antenna', legs, part^ ol' month and last two abdominal segments, are ferruginous brown in
color. The elytra have rows of moderatelj coarse punctures, bearing short hairs, and are
lerally more rugose than any of the preceding species.

This is the most robust species of the genus, and is especially noticeable in having the
thorax and elytra more distant. The antenna' are also shorter and stouter, and with the

1 joints more pubescent.

Occurs rarely at Vallecito (Leconte), Maricopa Desert (Horn).

Length :-)S-.U inch.

In a review ol the species of Embaphion. it will be particularly noticed that there is a
gradual lessening of the foliaceous margin from muricatum to depressum. In consequence
of tins, the anterior emargination of the thorax diminishes from the deep notch with al-
most parallel sides, almost equalling in depth the length of the head, (muricatum) to the
simple broad shallow emargination so frequently seen in Eleodes. In the broadly mar-
gined species the thorax proper is narrow, sometimes longer than wide, and with a dimi-
nution of the margin the thorax gradually widens, until, in depressum, the thorax is much
broader than long, and the margin almost entirely absent. The epipleural line follows
the sam- rule; almost entirely absent except at ap \x in the margined species, it becomes
more distinct until in planum and depressum the whole course is marked either by a faint
groove in the one and a distinctly elevated line in the other. In all the species except
planum the lateral margin of the elytra extends to the apex. The humeral angles of the
elytra proper (without the margin) are the more distinct as the acute margin is less so.
and in depressum the rather dee]) emargination of the elytral base causes them to become
quite prominent.

Following these characters our species may be tabulated;

Hind angles of thorax acute and overlapping the humeral angles of elytra.

Bod) broadl) margined. muricatum.

Hind angles of thorax obtuse, not overlapping basal angles of elytra;
bod) acutely, not broadly, margined.

NORTB HI' MEXICO. 323

Thorax sparselj and not coarsely punctured, distinctly margined; nol
distant from elytra ; Legs black; abdominal segments on same
plane.
Elytral margin attaining apex of elytra.

Broadly oval; males distinctly caud contusum.

Elongate oval; elytra gradually narrowed. elongatum".

Elytral margin nol attaining the apex.

Males not caudate. planu in.

Thorax very coarselj punctured; elytra broadly oval, sub-rugose;

legs ferruginous brown ; third abdominal segment oblique. depressum.

TRIBE Will — SCAURINI.

Bodj elongate, apterous; head prolonged behind the eyes, which are narrow, trans-
verse, reniform and moderately coarselj granulate; front prolonged, concealing the labrum,
•-ides dilated and slightly reflexed; mentum small, distinctly trilobed, lateral lobes in-
flexed, ligula prominent, gular peduncle distinct ; palpi with the last joint dilated; gular

mcle distinct ; antenna? eleven-jointed, enter joints rounded, transverse. Ely tra feebly
embracing the abdomen, Avith narrow epipleura? attaining the tip; mesosternum short,
side pieces narrow, epimera distinct. Anterior coxa? rounded, middle coxa? with distinct
trochantin; hind coxa? distant; scutellum broad, not penetrating between the elytra.
Tarsi coarsely spinous beneath.

The scutellum occupies almost entirelj the mesonotum. In addition to the very minute
punctures, almost entirely hidden in fine pubescence, the antenna- have the outer joints
coarseh punctured. Tins same peculiarity is less distinctly reproduced among the Tene-
brionini, between which tribe and Blaptini the Scaurini naturally occupy an intermediate
position.

The tribe is divisible into two groups.

Third joinl of antennae long; joints four to eleven gradually diminishing, terminal joint acute. Iutercoxal pro-
of first :i'"l 'in!! ill segment broader than long, the * rod and third; third and fourth

meuts verj short and deeplj emarginate. Fe > of male toothed, stronglj clavate. resopi.

Third joinl ofa ■; elongate; joints four t" eleven sub-equal; List joinl rounded; intcrcoxal process longer

than broad; lirsl segment of abdomen nol longer thau the t ■ third and fourth segments feeblj emar-

: femora never suddenly clavate and always mutic. eui >

f.Kul p i — EULABES.

El LABIS, I
Eulabis, Esch., Zool. Atl. III. p. II.

. Ann. I.y. . V.. p. 1 I 1.

Apsena, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p

This genus alone constitutes the group, and maj be readilj recognized by the charac-

324 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONlDiE OF AMERICA,

ters already eiven. The mentum as in Eleodes varies in form without affording reliable
data on which to divide the genus. Our species may be arranged as follows:
Thorax bicostate, gradually narrowing behind, sides slightly sinuous

near the hind angles, margin acute, reflexed. bicarinata.

Thorax not costate, margin not reflexed, sides regularly rounded.

Legs black; species large. grossa.

Legs ferruginous; species smaller.
Elytra finely costate.

Thorax as wide at base as base of elytra; elytra not

pubescent. run pes.

Thorax narrower at base than elytra; elytra pubescent, pub esc ens.
Elytra with series of large, distant, shallow punctures, inter-
stices not elevated.
Thorax narrower at base than elytra ; elytra glabrous. 0 b S C u ra .

E. bicarinata, Esch., Zool. Atl. Ill, p. 15, pi. 13, fig. 8. Figured also by Solid-, Baudi e Traqui Studi.
En( pi. 11. fig. 1.

Occurs not rarely at San Francisco and Sacramento, California, under stones, etc.

Length .30-.40 inch.

I grossa, Lee, New Species, p. 1 18.

Entirely black, sub-opaque.

Occurs on the Island of San Clemente, coast of California.
Length .47- 55 inch.

K. rnfipes, Esch., Zool. Atl. III. p. 15.

Readily distinguished by the characters given in the table. The humeral angles are
more acute than in any specie- excepting hicarinata.

Occurs abundantly at San Francisco and in the San Joaquin Valley.
Length .25-.28 inch.

I'., pubescens, Lee, Ann. Lye. V.. y>. Ill; Apsena Class. Col. X. A., p. 338.
The pubescence of the elytra is very short, erect, and of a yellow color.
Occurs at San Diego, San Clemente. and in the Peninsula of California.
Length .30-.38 inch.

!•• obscura, Lec, Epantius Lnn. Lye. V., p. 144; (Eulabis Class. Col. N. A., p. 228.

Differs from the other species in the sculpture of the elytra. The generic character-
are of too feeble value to allow the genus to be retained, as stated in Class. Col. N. A..
p. 228.

Occurs in the southern part of California.

Length .30 inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 325

GROUT II — CERENOPI.

Two genera are very clearly indicated among the species heretofore considered a- con-
stituting but one.

External apical angle of anterior tibia? nol prolonged. argoporis.

prolonged. cerenopus.

u u

ARGOPORIS, n. gen.

The species of this genus differ from those of Cerenopus, in having the anterior tibiae
curved and the outer angle rounded. The epistoma is also rounded in front, never emar-
ginate or squarely truncate. The labrum is more prominent. The tibiae of the males are
all denticulate within. The anterior and posterior femora are equally clavate.

Two species in our own fauna and one from Mexico (probably undescribed) constitute
this genus, as follows :
Elytra finely sulcate, interstices elevated.

Hind femora % with an acute tooth, with denticulate edg :s. sulcip e nni s .

Elytra with rows of large punctures, interstices Hat.
Legs ferruginous.

Hind femora \ with a bifid tooth. bicolor.

(Legs black; male not seen. Mexico. a tripe-.)

A. sulcipennis, Lee, Cerenopus Ann. Lye. V.. p. 143.

Differs from bicolor in the elytral sculpture and the form of tooth of hind femur of
male. The legs are ferruginous. The upper surface of body is rather more opaque than
cither of the other species, and the thorax mere dens ly and coarsely punctured.

i )( curs in < )regon, California and Arizona.

Length .44-.54 inch.

A. bicolor, Lee., Cerenopus Ann. Lye. V.. p. 143.

The thorax of this species is finely and sparsely punctured, and the entire upper sur-
face of body glabrous.

Occurs very abundantly in Arizona. Specimens are also found in Sonora ami the
( lolorado I >> sert

1 ,ength A'2-.~>^ inch.

CERENOPUS, Lee.
aopus, Lec., Ann. Lye. V.. p. 1 18.

The externa] apical angle of the anterior tibiae is always prolonged, though rather ob-
tuse at ap \. and the tibiae feebly arcuate. The anterior femora are always very suddenly
clavate in the male, the thickened portion being quadrangular in section, and notably

AMERI. l'llll — VOIi. xrv. — 82

326 REVISION OF THE TENKISHIONID-K OF AMERICA,

more enlarged than the posterior femora. The anterior tibiae arc alone denticulate on the
inner margin. The species have black legs, are three in number, and may be distin-
guished as follows :

Hind femora ', denticulate, one tenth slightly longer.

Epistoma prolonged, excavate beneath. concolor.

Hind femora :■ armed with a long- acute tooth.

Elytra with rows oflarge punctures, interstices flat. cribratus.

Elytra with rows of small punctures, interstices alternately

more elevated. costulatus.

E. concolor, Lee, Ann. Lye. ST., p. 143; Thomson, Arcana 1, pi. xii, Ii<;. 3.

The largest species of the genus. It may be known by the armature of the hind
femora of the male, the more prolonged and excavated epistoma. The elytra are oval,
broader at or behind the middle, and the surface marked with rows of huge faintly im-
pressed punctures, of which the interstices are scarcely convex. The outer joints of the
antenna- are less transverse than in the following species. The thorax is also more deeply
emarginate at base.

Occurs on the borders of the Colorado Desert, and in the northern end of the Penin-
sula of Lower California.

Length .10-. 94 inch.

('. cribral us, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 337.

With the same general term of the preceding species, this one has the thorax less
narmwed behind and less emarginate at base. The elytra are oval, broader in front of the
middle. The rows oflarge punctures are arranged in pairs. Near the apex of the elytra
the interspaces between the second and third, and sixth and seventh rows are elevated
and continent, and form on each elytron a very prominent tubercle. The outer joints of
the antenme are more transverse than in concolor. The hind femora of the males are
armed with a rather long acute tooth, the females are unarmed.

Occurs at the extremity of the Peninsula of Lower California.

Length .50— .70 inch.

C. cost ulal us. Black, sub-opaque; thorax sub-quadrate, slight!} longer than broad and somewhat narrower
behind; apex truncate, base feebly emarginate, hind angles rectangular; sides rounded in front, straight behind the

middle. Elytra el jate oval, wider in front of middle; surface striate, stria; with coarse feebly impressed punctures,

interstices i l< rated, sub-acute, alternately larger, the lirst and third of the larger costaa confluent near the apex, form-
ing a slight elevation.

Hind femora of males with an acute to »th.

This species bears a very close relationship to the preceding, though abundantly dis-
tinct. The thorax is mure quadrate and much more distinctly punctured. The antennas
have the last five joints very transverse, more than twice broader than long.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 321

Two male specimens only were collected by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb, near the cent]
the Peninsula of Lower ( California.
Length .(i4 inch.

TRIBE Xl.\ — AMPHIDORINI.

Mentum transverse, trapeziform, and sub-trilobed ; Iigula moderately prominent,
small, truncate in front ; lasl joint of palpi oval, last joint of m ixillary palpi securiform or
triangular. Head short, deeply inserted ; eyes not prominent and deeply emarginate by
the sides of the front. Epistoma emarginate. Labrura moderate^ prominent, transverse,
basal membrane not visible, Antenna? moderately robust, third joint equalling the two
succeeding, joins lour to eight obconical, equal, last three joints broader and thicker, the
terminal being oval, more or less pointed, [ntercoxal process of abdomen usually broad,
truncate. Tarsi clothed with long, coarse hairs. Bodj clothed with erect hairs.

The group of genera forming this tribe has been a source of trouble to all investiga-
tors who have undertaken its study, and as many different opinions prevail as attempts
made to place it. While the group exhibits undoubted tendencies in its lower forms
towards the Helopini, as a whole the affinities toward the Blaptini and Tenebrionini arc
more evident. The form of head is rather that of CJpis or even Eleodes than Helops.
The eyes are here very feebly convex and distinctlj emarginate anteriorly by a prolo
tion backward of the sides of the front. In Helops the eyes are almost entireh free in
front, and the margin of the head directly in front of the eyes very distinctly angidate.
Lacordaire indicates affinities in the direction of Praocis, bul any discussion of this subject
beyond the genera of our own fauna is foreign to the objects of the present paper.

Our genera ma\ be distinguished from each other by the following table:

Epipleurae broad.

Outer joints of antennae sub-globose; first joint of hind tarsi elongal
longer than the second; intercoxal process of abdomen broad trun-
cate; prosternum produced behind the coxae; hind tibiae of m
with a tooth mar apex. CRATID1

Epipleurae narrow .

Outer joints of antennae sub-globose ; fir^t joint of hind tarsi as long
as the two following ; intercoxal process broad truncate; prosternum
produced; mesosternum prominent. amphidora.

Outer joints of antenna' suit-triangular ; first joint of hind tarsi
longer than the second; intercoxal process narrow, oval at tip; pro-
sternum not produced behind the coxa?; mesosternum not promi-
nent. STENOTRICHl

328 REVISION OF THE TENEIiRIoXiru: OF AMERICA,

< RATIDUS, I ,
Crat X. A., p

\ :• r the characters given defining the tribe, and those above in the tabic of genera,
it i< unnecessary to add anything further h<
\'\\ • - institute this genus.

Hind angles of thorax distinct. osculans.

Hind angles of thorax rounded. rotundicolli

Ann. Lye. V.. p. li X. A., p. 239; Thomson, Ar-

'. pL xii. :

sides of the thorax are strongly rounded, and the hind angles distinct. The elytra
are rather densely punctured, with an obscure tendency in larger punctures to form -trise.
I hairs arc long, yellow, and erect. Tin- sexes do not differ greatly in the shape of

the body ; the males are. hi s _ htly narrower and more attenuate behind.

1. ugth .50— .70 inch.

Abundant in California, at and south of Fort Tejon.

itandicollis, similar in form to the preceding, but differing in the following particulars:

im the anterior to the hind margins, hind angles n >t prominent. Sin !
thorax more shil irsely punctured. Elytra with distinct stria; of large punctures, intervals

ery finely and sparsely punctured. Surface less densely pilose with shorter hairs.
Length .66-74 inch.

The males here differ mure notably in form from the other sex than in the preceding
The elytra of male are more el _ I and are gradually narrowed from a point
- ghtiy behind the humeri ; their dimensions in length and g I si breadth in the two
si v - in as follows: male length .50, breadth .39, female length .44, breadth .33 inch.

The figure given by I. or laire (Genera, pi. ~>~. fig. 3), although a rather inferior illus-
tration, will serve to give an idea of the form of the hind angles of the thorax of C. oscu-

-. and the t\\ - - in at a glance be distinguished by this character as well a> by

the distinct rows of punctures of the elytra of rotimdicollis, and the denser and more irre-
gular puncturing of the other sp i i s.

For nn - s of this s - 1 must acknowledge indebtedness to Mr. Gabb, by whom

they were collected during an exploration of the Peninsula of Lower California.

AMPHIDORA, Esch.
Ampbtdora, E Atl. III. p. 9.

This genus may be known at once by the fir^t joint of the hind tarsi being at leasl -
long as the two following united.

NORTH OF MEXICO. ■'''-"■>

Our species are four in number and maj be known b) the characters of the following
table:

Elytra oval, not produced at api \ in i ; hairs shorter.

1 Iair^ yellow. littoralis.

Hairs black.

Elytra denselj muricatelj punctured. nigropilosa.

Elytra less densely, and simplj punctured. t enebrosa.

Elytra elongate oval, caudate in j, ; hairs longer, yellowish ; an-
terior femur of ; armed. c a u <1 a t a .

A. litto rali s, Bsch., Zool. Ail. IV. ... 13, pi. 18, fig. 6.

This species may be known 1>\ its smaller eye and by the yellowish hairs with which
it is clothed. The sides of the thorax are stronglj rounded from the front to the hind
angles, tin' latter being mi\ obtuse. The thorax is also nearh as broad as the elytra.
The sculpture of the elytra consists of rather 'densely placed coarse punctures, the larger
id which arc arranged in indistinct striae.

Length .26-.34 inch.

Abundant around the Baj "!' San Francisco.

A. nigropilosa, Lee, Arm. Lye. V. 136.

\ prettj species, resembling, when deprived of its hair, Eleodes cordata. The sides "f

the thorax arc very convex, but the hind angles are quite distinct, the surface being rather
densely and coarsely punctured. The elytra arc very broadly oval, slightly depres
and sculpture consists of dense inuricate punctures without any tendency to their arrange-
ment in stria?. The hairs which everywhere rather sparsel) clothe the body are black
and nearly erect.

Length M-. is inch.

Less abundant than the preceding, occurring in southern California, from Tejon to
to San 1 >iego.

A. tenebrosa, black, less shining, ami sparsely clothed with black ereel hairs. Bead rather coarsely and
densel] bu( nol confluently punctured. Thorax broader than long, c >arsely and moderately densely punctured;
strongly rounded, slightly narrowing behind; hind angles distinct. Elytra elongate oval, regularly convex with stria
of targe punctures closely placed, of which the interstices arc less coarsely and irregularly punctured. Beneath black,
shining, coarsely bu( sparsely punctured.

Length . 10— .46 inch.

Easily distinguishable from the preceding species, by its more elongate form and the
distinct striae of punctures of the elytra. The thorax is nearlj as broad as the elytra,
while in the preceding species tic elytra are always more broadly oval, depressed above
and notably broader than the thorax.

Two specira ins collected bj Mr. Gabb, in Lower California.

AMI.KI. [Mill • — . -< — \ HI.. XIV.- -

330 REVISION OF THE I I •• EBRK i\ I DJE OF AMERICA,

A. caudata, black, elongate, clotlie<l with ratlier l«>n^r brownish yellow li:i i i ~. Plead rather coarsely hut not
densely punctured. Thorax broader than long, narrower at b i c, coarsel] but not sparsely punctured; apex

feeblj emarginate, angles rounded, base feebly rounded, angles nearly rectangular; si.lrs rounded, in front of middle
gradually narrou ing t • base. Elytra elongate oval, humeri moderately prominent, surface \\ iili striae of rather coarse

punctures distantly placed; interstices sparsely punctured. Beneath) selj and sparsehj punctured.

Elytra caudate, prolongation equal to the last abdominal segment; anterior femora with a small acute
tooth between the middle and apex.

/'■ il , Elyti ' "I ire broadlj oval, not caudate; femora not toothed,
including cauda — . Is J inch.

Two specimens from the Maricopa Desert. Arizona.

Easil) known by the several characters. The thorax is less punctured along the me-
dian line and more densely along the sides. Bj the characters alreadj given this species
might, according to the usually received rules, be separated under a distinct generic name,
although here the variation from the type is no greater than that seen among the species
of Eleodes. The first joint of the hind tarsi does not here exceed the length of the two
following.

STENOTRICHUS, Lee.
Stenotrichus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p. 289.
S. ruflpes, Lee, (Amphidora) Ann. Lye. V.. p. 136.

This species differs from all our other Amphidora'. by the under surface of the body
being pale brownish or ferruginous, with the legs of the same color. The generic differ-
ences have already been sufficiently adverted to in the preceding tables.
Length .22-.44 inch.
Collected at San Diego, California.

TKIBE XX — TENEBRIONINI.

Mentum moderate or small, frequently trilobed in front, middle lobe sometimes promi-
nent. Ligula in general slightly visible, rarely very prominent. Mandibles bifid at tip.
Head somewhat variable in form, always free. Eyes reniform, transverse. Epistoma
prominent, more or less rhomboidal. Labrum not prominent. Antenna' usually thicker
toward the tip (rarelj slender), outer joints frequently perfoliate, third joint longer than
the following. Prothorax and elytra contiguous, the former feebly emarginate in front.
Scutellum small. Elytra feebly embracing the abdomen. Body winged or not. Tibial
spurs very small or scarcelj visible. Tarsi pubescent beneath. Middle coxae with dis-
tincl trochantin.

The tribe as above defined includes the Coelometopides and Tenebrionides of Lacor-
daire, as united 1>\ Leconte, as well as Sitophagus and several new genera. The vestiture
of the tarsi is by no means uniform, and affords a means of dividing the tribe into two

NORTH OF MEXICO. ;!;'>!

sections. From the Scaurini this tribe may be distinguished bj the absence of spim
the vestiture of the tarsi, from the Amphidorini by the rather dense, long, coarse hairs
forming the vestiture in that tribe. The Ulomini are nearly all deprived of trochantin to
the middle coxa?, the third joinl of antennae usually short, the head deeply inserted in a
prothorax more deeplj emarginate in front.

The tribe here defined has undoubtedly mor complex relationships and affinities than
are found in any other tribe. The genus Polypleurus point- strongly toward the Scaurini,
Tenebrio towards the Ulomini, Glyptotus in the direction of ETelops, and Xylopinus
(aenescens) toward the Strongyliini. A careful revision of the genera of the world would
undoubtedly cause an entire rearrangement of the genera, especially in those of the second
sub-tribe, and their apportionment in new tribes.

Two sub-tribes are here recognised.

Tarsi densely clothed with fine, short, silken pubi sceni e. I pes.

Tarsi rather sparselj clothed with coarse pub brioxes.

l-TRIBE I — UPES.

The species of this group are all of moderate or large size, and are comprised in genera
taming but few species. Among the Upes we find genera varying greatly from the
typ •. showing strong affinities toward tribes of lower grades in their general organization.
These degradations of structure are- the more evident among the last lour genera, wh
the antenna? assume a form closely allied to that of Helops, while in two of the genera
the anterior tarsi are slightly though very distinctlj dilated in the male-. The pubes-
cence of the tarsi loses that line silken or velvet-like appearance and approximates that
seen among the species of the second sub-tribe. The mentum varies greatly in all the
genera, in some being flat and round, in others trilobed or convex at middle. The epi-
pleurae are usually abbreviated, in some lew genera entire. The metastemum is long or
short, in accordance with the presence or absence of wings. The hind coxa? are somi -
time- widely, usually narrowly, separated bj a triangular or oval intercoxal process.

In accordance with the variations ol structure thus indicated briefly, our genera may

lie tabulated a- follows !

Antenna' with the outer joint- transverse, perfoliate; last .i"i"t sub-quadrate, rounded at

tip and larger than the preceding; antenna' shorter than tin' head and thorax.
Epipleurae entire.

Epipleura? not narrower at apex. poltpleuri S.

Epipleura? gradually narrowing to apex.

Mentum with -mall lateral inflexed lob nyctobates.

Mentum without lateral lobes. iphthimus.

332

REVISION OF THE TEN BBRII i.MD.K OF AMERICA,

Epipleurae nut attaining tin- tip of elytra.

[ntercoxal process ofabdomeD broad, quadrangular, truncate,
[ntercoxal process oval or acute narrow.
Eyes feeblj emarginate (broad at middle).
Femora strongly clavate.

Mentum prominent at middle.
Mentum emarginate in front.
Femora slender.

Hind tarsi long.
I lind tarsi short.
Eyes deeply emarginate (narrow at middle).

Mentum trilobed, middle lobe prominent and truncate.
Mentum flat, rounded in front.
Antenna' slender, longer than head and thorax, outer joints triangular,
last joint oval, more or less acute.
Epipleurae attaining tip of elytra.
Epipleurae not attaining the tip of elytra.
Anterior tarsi of male not dilated.
Anterior tarsi of male feebly dilated.
interior margin of front reflexed.
Anterior margin of front not reflexed.

COELOCNEMIS.

MERINUS.
PACHYURGUS,

VIMS.
HAPLANDRUS.

SCOTnll.EXl \S.
CIBDELIS.

GLYPTOTUS.

RHINANDR1 S.

CEM rRONOPl s.
XYLOPINUS.

POLYPLEURTJS, Esch.
Polypleurus, Escli., Zool. Atl. IV. p. 11.

The species of this genus are hut three in number, and may he easily distinguished.

I'. geminatus, Sol., Aim. S..,-. Entom. France VII, p. 190; pi. 8, fig. 11.

Black and opaque. Elytra with double rows of large deep punctures, the interstices
between the double rows not elevated. The hind angles of the prothorax are rectangular
and tlie base feebly sinuate.

Length .42-.50 inch.

Occurs in the southeastern Atlantic States.

1'. perforatus, Germar, Upis In. 8] Nov., p. 148.

Black and opaque. The elytra are sculptured as in the preceding, the perforations
being rather deeper and the interpaces more distinctly COStiform. The thorax is mure
strongl) sinuate behind and the angles more acute. The sides of the thorax are also
more rounded.

Length .42-.52 inch.

Occurs in the Gulf States.

NORTB OF Mi:\ 333

P. n i t i il 11 s, I. i-r.. New Speci< s, p

Black, shining. The punctures of the i 1\ tra are smaller than in the preceding sp icies.
This species is the largest as well as the leasl convex of the genus.

Length .65-1.02 inch.

Occurs in Florida. Rare in cabinets. The largest specimen I have seen is in the
collection of Mr. F. <i. Sanborn, of Boston.

M CTOB \TI>. ffi
Nyctobates, Guerin, Mag. Zool. Ins. 1834; Melasomes, p. 33.

Notwithstanding the fact, thai four species have been until the present recognised in
catalogues, it is impossible to define but two.

N. pensylvanica, DeGeer, Tenebrio Mem. V.. p. 52, pi. 13, fig. 10; Berbst, Cpis Col. i

Beauv., Tenebrio Insectes, pi. 31, fig. I: . Mann., Bull. Mosc. \-~Y-'. p. 284.

The species of this genus have almost entirely the form of [Jpis, but may be readily
known by the epipleurae extending entirely to the apex of the elytra, although becoming
very narrow.

In the above synonymical \\^ I have united our common eastern species and that from
California. There arc absolutely no differences between them that cannot be shown to be
merely individual variations. The mentum in both has the disc or central portion rhom-
boidal, broader in front and slightly emarginate. The anterior angles, though rounded,
are distinct. The surface is coarsely punctured. The thorax is usuall) nearly square or
slightly narrowing in front. The elytra have faint striae of fine punctures.

Length .80-.90 inch.

Occurs in every region of our country between the Atlantic and Pacific, from the
Northern and Middle State westward to California, where it occurs more abundantly in
moderately elevated regions, or where the climate is not hot.

X. barbata, Enoch, Tenebrio X. Beitrag. 106, tab. T. fig. 1; : . Herbst, I pis Col. 8, 32, tab. 11

! I ild., Stansb. Exped. 376.

This species differs from th ding in having the under surface of the mentum

rather densely clothed with hair. The disc of the mentum is also inure rounded, and the
anterior angles are very obtuse and rounded. The thorax is usually broader than long,
always broader than the preceding sp 'cies, and the sides in front more strongly rounded.
The punctured striae of the elytra are also more defined, and their surfaces smoother and
at times glabrous or shining. The specimen called intermedia by Haldemau, differs only
in having the elytra! punctures much less defined.

I length .66— .8 * inch.

This species occurs more especially in the Southern and Gulf States, where it is
rare; it i- verj r.uely met with in the Northern States.

A.MEBI. Till I —VOL. XIV.- - I

334 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDvE OF AMERICA,

IPHTHIMUS, Truqui.
Iphthinius, Triiqui, Stettin Ent. Zeitschrifl 1877, p. DO.

The species of this genus are more depressed than those of any other in the sub-tribe
excepting Scotobaenus. From our other genera with entire epipleurae this may be easily
distinguished (from Polypleurus) by the epipleura becoming very narrow behind, and
(from Nyctobates) by the thorax narrowing behind and becoming crenulate on the sides.
The mentum has no lateral lobes.

Two species are found in our fauna, one from New England and Canada, the other
W estern, ranging from New Mexico to Oregon and northern California.

I. o.pacus, Lee, New Species, 121.

Differs from the following in its smaller size, move robust form, as well as by its entire
absence of any lustre and by its very rugose sculpture. The thorax and head are very
coarsely and continently punctured. The former is less narrowed behind than in the next
species, the sides less rounded and more strongly crenulate. The anterior angles arc also
more prominent. The elytra! sculpture consists of deep stria:' frequently interrupted,
forming thus series of short dashes, of which the interspaces are convex.

Length .60-.80 inch.

Occurs not uncommonly in New England and Canada.

I. serratus, Mann., Nyctohaten Hull. Mosc. 1843, p. 234. Leo., Pacif. R. R. Rep. IX. A.pp. 1, pi. 2. fig. 5.
I.. i. -.Mil. Tphthi ims Genera, Vol. V.. p. 371, note.

This species is larger than the preceding, and differs in the characters given above,
and while these are apparently of but small moment, the appearances of the two species
are so different that one cannot he mistaken for the other. This species is distributed
over a large region of country, and suffers some variation in each, so that three types or
races mav he distinguished as follows:

seriait U ■-. Lee.

This is tlie more opaque and rugose form. The head and thorax are both coarsely and
densely hut not confluently punctured. The elytra are sculptured with series of inter-
rupted striae, of which the interstices are flat and densely punctured. This form occurs
abundantly in Oregon and British Columbia. The forms described as Iplhinus sewiUs,
wvator, and eubligatus by Walker, in "The Naturalist in British Columbia." Vol. II,
pp. 326 and 327, are probably merely individual variations of this one form.

Length .68-.96 inch.

sublsevis, Lee, List, ^Nyctobates Bland, Proc. Ent. Soc.

Differs from the preceding in its smoother sculpture. The head and thorax are mod-
erately smooth, being rather finely and sparsely punctured. The elytra are sculptured

NORTH OF MEXICO. '■'>'■'>'>

with striae of punctures, with flat interstices finely and very sparsely punctured. The un-
der surface of the body is smoother and more shining.

Length .80-.96 inch.

The type specimens were from Colorado, others have since been found along the Sier-
ras of ( lalifornia.

Lew i - i i. Horn. t

In this form the whole surface is -till more shining than in the preceding two. The
stria' of the elytra are scarcely interrupted, the interstices convex, impunctured and finely
transversely wrinkled.

I i-'h .80-.96 inch.

Collected rather abundantly by Dr. Lewis, in the region of tin- Raton Mountains of
stern New Mexii o.

COELOCXEMIS, Mann.
■ H. mi-. Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1843, p. 280.

The mentum is here broader than long, supported on a short, rather broad gular pe-
duncle, rounded on the sides, slightly emarginate in front and with the margins not in-
flexed. The sculpture of its surface varies. The tibiae of the male are apparently slightly
thickened iii their lower half, som iwhat flattened on the inner face, with line of fine pu-
bescence on each edge extending half way up. so that the tibia appears grooved on the
inner face. The intercoxal process of the abdomen i- very broad and truncate at tip. The
first joint of the hind tarsi equals the second and third together, and very nearly equals
the last joint. The tibial -purs are here very short. The elytra are connate and the
body is apterous.

The sp cies of this genus resemble Eleodes verj closely in form, but may be at once
known by the tarsal vestiture and by the elytra feebly embracing the abdomen. The un-
der surface of the head of all the species is very rugose, b) the confluence of rather deep
coarse punctures. All are shining, black. They are found rather abundantly in Califor-
nia, Oregon and Nevada, under stones or fallen hark, and are rarely found walking in
daylight, except when the day is dark and cloudy. They may then be found feedii g
growing plants, principally Saxifragea?.

Our four species may be distinguished as follows:

Thorax broader than long; strongly rounded or sub-angulate at the sides.

Elytra broader behind the middle, suddenly declivous behind ; thorax

narrower at base than long, always sub-angulate on the sides,

which are rounded anteriorly, sinuate posteriorly. d i la t i c o 1 1 i s

33(i REVISION OF THE TKNKIiKIOXID.K OF AMERICA,

Elytra broadlj oval, broader in front of middle; gradually declivous
behind; thorax as broad at base as Long, sides sub-angulate,
anteriorly rounded, posteriorly feebly sinuous or gradually
converging. obesa.

Elytra elongate oval, more prolonged at apex; thorax as broad at
base as long, never sub-angulate on the sides, which are regu-
larly rounded from apex to base. magna.
Thorax Longer than broad, sides feeblj rounded.

Elytra elongate oval, sides more nearly parallel; rather suddenly de-

clivous behind. p u n ctat a .

C. dilaticollis, Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1*1:!. p. ?sn; catiforniea, Mann., loc. cit.: redescribed and the latter
d in M . Zool. 1844, pi. 133.

The differences mentioned by Mannerheim between these two species seem not to
warrant their being retained as distinct. 'The sculpture of the elytra is subject to varia-
tion, as will be seen, and the presence or absence of one stria may be owing to accidental
obliteration rather than a permanent absence from specific causes. The peculiar sculpture
of mentum given of califomica is also that of dilaticollis, and while each species has a
sculpture peculiar to itself the differences are so slight as not to warrant anj mention in
the synoptic table already given. The characters given will suffice to distinguish this
species from any which follows. The surface sculpture varies greatly. The Oregon spe-
cimens have the thorax sub-opaque, and densely finely punctured; the elytra are also sub-
opaque, still more densely punctured and finely rugose, from this, gradual variations
maj be noted until the surface is smooth and shining, with rows (more or less distinct) of
small distant punctures.

Length .66—1.06 inch.

Abundant in Oregon and California north of San Francisco.

C. obesa, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 150.

The thorax is similar in outline to the preceding species, being, however, broader he-
hind and more convex above. The elytra are also more pointed behind and are gradually
declivous from the scutellum to the apex.

Length .90-1.12 inch.

This is the species of southern California and the Peninsula of Lower California.

('. magna, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 150.

The sides 0f the thorax are in this species rounded and not sub-angulate, as in the
two preceding species, and the surface is more convex. The elytra are more elongate
and pointed behind. In form it resembles Eleodes gigantea.

Length .90-1.18 inch.

NORTH OF MEXICO.

Abundant in California from San Francisco southward in the Sacramento and Tulare
Valleys, also at Fort Tejon.

C. puncl ata, Lee, Proc. A.cad. VII. 225.

Differs in the proportions of the thorax. The elytra are also broader in proportion to
their length, and le>- rounded on the sides, and rather suddenly declivous behind. This
species was described from an unique specimen from an unknown locality. Since that
time three others were collected bj Mr. Win. M. Gabb, which I refer to the same species,
although differing from the type as well as from each other, verj slightly however, in
form, but considerably in sculpture.

The typical specimen is rather densely but finely punctured on the thorax as well as
elytra. There is a faint indication of an arrangement of larger punctures in indistinct
stria".

\ specimen in my own cabinet is smooth, almost entirely impunctured. The elytra
exhibit very distinct stria' of large punctures, faintlj impressed, becoming obsolete on the
sides and apex.

Another specimen has the fine punctation quite evident. The elytra are less feebly
striate, the stria1 punctured and the interstices feebly convex and finely wrinkled.

The fourth specimen reproduces the dense puncturing of the type, hut the elytra are
deeply striate, the interstices convex. The stria' are coarsely and the interstices densely
and finely punctured and feebly transversely wrinkled. The under surface i- more evi-
dently punctured than the two preceding species, less, however, than in the typical form.

Notwithstanding these variations of sculpture, these four specimens are considered as
representatives ofbut one species, similar variations occurring in Eleodes and Iphthimus
to such an extent as to render it almost impossible to define varieties.

Length X) (type)-1.10 (2nd specimen) inch.

This species occur- in Utah and Nevada.

The species of this genus appear to he confined, each within its own limit-, a- follow-:

dilaticollis, Oregon and northern California, in and to the westward of the <
Range, southward to the Bay of San Francisco.

magna, central California and the great vallej of the Sacramento River and Tulare
Lake, between the sierras and Coast Range.

obosa. Peninsula of California and that portion of upper California southwest of the
Coast Range, forming part oi the fauna of Arizona,

punctata, the deserts of Nevada and western Utah, and southward to New Mexico.

MERINUS, Lee,
MerinuB, |. ,-.•.. Class. Col. X. A.mer., p,
In this genus the middle lobe of the mentum i- rather -mall, the lateral lohes or al«

AMERI. PH1LOSO. sue. — Vol.. XIV. — 85

338 REVISION OF THE I I \ HililoNIIi.K OF AMERK \.

well developed. The middle lobe is also prominent along the middle and in front, the
lateral lobes with acute angles. The epipleurce extend beyond the last ventral suture.
The hind coxa: though rather widelj separated, have the intercoxal process oval, rounded
in front. The males have the tibiae more stronglj annate than the other >e\. the hinder
tibiae being armed near the tip with an acute tooth. The femora in both sexes are
strongly clavate and slightl) flattened. The only species known i- winged.

M. Isevis, Oliv., Tenebrio Ent. 3, 10. Merinus) Lee, loc. cit., p. 231.

\ large, elongate, sub-opaque, black insect, found not uncommonly under hark in the
i stem and Middle States, and more rarely in Canada. Easily known by its clavate
femora and the peculiar armature of the hinder tibiae of male.

Length .10-1.0-1 inch.

PACHYURGUS, /.

Pacbyurgus, Lee, Class. C»l. N. A.mer., p. 230.

I iitt'.rs from the preceding genus, in the mentum being nearlj flat in the middle and
emarginate in front, with acute angles. The femora are also clavate. The only specimen
known to me is a female; the males may have the posterior tibiae armed in Merinus. It
is doubtful whether these two genera should be retained as distinct. The genera ofTene-
brionini differ general!) so slightly from each other that these may be retained as distinct
until the male shall become known to us.

I', a reus, Mels., Iphthimus Proc. Acad. '■'•. 65. Lee, Paehyi cit., p. 231.

This species is similar in form to M. Icevis. It has a metallic bronzed, shining surface.
The elytra have stria' with fine punctures, becoming rather less evident on the sides and
at the apex.

Length .(>"i inch.

The specimen in the cabinet of Dr. Leconte is the type of Melsheimer, and the onlj
one known. It is probable with this, as has already been discovered with other species,
that the insect is a foreign (South American!) form introduced by mistake, and described
as North American.

I" ['IS. Fabr.
Upis, Fabr., Km. Syst. 1 1, p. 75.

In this genus the mentum is oval, prominent in front, with a median longitudinal ele-
vation and a groove on each side. The femora, though thickened, an' not so suddenlj
nor s,> stronglj clavate as in the two preceding genera. The epipleurae are not complete
behind, though reaching beyond the last ventral suture.

I". ceramboides, Linn., i-ttelabus) Syst. Nat. II, p. 621. Fab., Ppis) loe cit. ret 3ay, Loug's Ex-

ped. >. '.'7'.'.

This species common in Europe, is also found abundantly in the northern portion ol
our own Continent, occurring as far south as Canada.
Length .54-.75 inch.

I

FIAPLANDRUS, I..

Haplandrns, Lee, Class. Col. X. A., p. . 121.

[n this genus the mentum is trapezoidal, narrower behind, convex along the median
line, truncate in front, with the angles prominent or rounded; inserted upon a narrow
peduncle. The prosternum is slightly prolonged in all the species, the mesosternum i

, receiving the presternum. The epi pleurae extend beyond the last ventral suture,
but not to the tip of the elytra. The femora are slender and the tarsi short The head is
always more strongly deflexed than in any of the other genera of the sub-tribe.

The species n s mble e ich oth r closely in outline, differing in the form of the n
turn and front. All arc winged. Tiny may be known by the following characters:

Third joint of antennae longer than fourth, twice as long as second.

I i mora rufous, tibia" Mack ; surface opaque. fe m or a tus .

1 gs entirely black : surface shining. ater.

Third joint of antenna' short.

Legs black; surface opaque. tncolor.

H. femora tus, Fab., Trogosita Syst. El. 1. 154; 'I
Host., Dpis < ol. ;

In this species the mentum has the anterior angles prominent. The front is hemi-
bexagonal, with the angles rounded. The eyes are scarcely emarginate by the side- ,,r
the front, and are rather more prominent than in the two succeedii a s. The thi

is nearly square, slightly emai'ginate in front with prominent angles, sides nearly parallel.
base strongly bisinuate with prominent angles. The lateral margin is acute, but not com-
pressed. The elytra are opaque, with eight entire rows of elongate deeply impress,-, I
punctures, and one short scutellar row.

length .30-.44 inch.

us abundantly in the Middle and Eastern States, under bark,

II. ater, Lee., Metaclis S -. p. 127.

The r< ference of this sp ,cies to the present genus is made not without some misgiv-
ings that it should in all probability constitute a new one. It cannot in my opinion re-
main associated with Metaclisa, in which the hind tarsi are rather long and slender and
the bodj depressed, while in this the form is robust. It differs from the other species ol
the present ire eis. in having the mentum rather more convex along the median line and
the middle lobe more prominent. The lateral lobes are also more prominent, and the
mentum thus resembles that of Metaclisa. The front is also more broadly rounded. The
mesosternum is more prominent, more deeply craarginat ■. and the angles very prominent
and acute. The hind tarsi are short, the first joint ° I - md and
third together, while the last joint is equal to the first three \- in tl th< r species, the

340 REVISION OF THE TEXEISKIONID.E OF AMERICA,

head is deflexed and the front nearly vertical. The thorax is feebly emarginate in front
and the eyes entirelj free. The elytra arc rather deeply eight striate, the striae punctured,
the interstices convex and very finely punctured. The under surface is smooth, being
finely punctured. The legs are dark brown or black.

Length .30-.35 inch.

Occurs not rarely in the extreme Southern States. Numerous specimens collected in
Florida were given me by Mr. Levi Taylor.

II. concolor, Lee, New Species, p, 121.

This species is similar in form to femoratus, differing by the greater width of thorax,
deeper elytra! striae, and black legs. The third joint of the antennas is scarcely longer
than the fourth, and the outer joints are broader than in either of the preceding species.
The nientum is here somewhat different in form from either of the others, being broader
than long, rounded on the sides, the lateral lobes not distinct. The middle is slightly
elevated, with a groove on each side. This form appears to he an intermediate one be-
tween the trapezoidal mentum of femoratus and the distinctly trilobed one of ater. The
short third antenna! joint exists in the three specimens before me.

Length .34-.36 inch.

This insect occurs, very rarely however, in Canada and the Lake Michigan region.

SCOTOBJvM S. Lcc.

Scotobsenus, Lee., Proc. Acad. 1859, p. 88.

The species of this genus is somewhat similar in form to Iphthimus, heing, however.
more depressed. The mentum is distinctly trilobed. The middle lobe prominent in front,
convex along the middle, with a groove on each side, lateral lobes rather small, in flexed
and with the angles acute. The gular peduncle moderate. The front is hemi-hexagonal.
with the suture of the epistoma rather strongly impressed. Thorax emarginate in front
and at base, with the hind angles acute and moderately prominent. The epipleune are
not entire. The femora are slightly clavate and compressed.

S. parallelus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1859, p. 88.

Black, suh-opaque. Thorax broader than long, narrower behind. Elytra truncate at
base, humeri prominent. Sculpture consists of rather coarse punctures, the interstices he-
ing more finely and densely punctured, as in Iphthimus serratus. The general form is
similar to the species indicated, but the sides are nearly parallel.

Length ,74-.82 inch.

From the region of the western hasc of the Sierra Nevada Mts. of California, from
Sacramento to Yisalia. Not common.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 3 i 1

CIBDELIS, 1/
Cibdelis, Mann . Beitrag

The mentuin is trapezoidal, narrower behind, strongly (blaschkii) or feebly (bachei)
rounded in front, convex at middle, with a faint groove on each side, supported by a gular
peduncle. Head rounded in front, trui i tlaschkii) or em i (bachei) at middle

ofepistoma. Thorax truncate in front, rounded behind, hind angles distinct, not promi-
nent, anterior angles obtuse. The metasternum i-- short and the body apterous. The
mandibles of both species are very feebly emarginate.

Two species from California arc known.

C. blasckkii, Mann., Beitr. 284.

The thorax is densely and rather coarsely punctured. The elytra have faint striae of
punctures, and small rounded tubercles placed in more or less regular rows. Tliis
species is more convex and elongate than the next, and differs also in the form of the
front and the greati r prominence of the fronl of the mentum.

Length .52— .56 inch.

Occurs from San Francisco southward, under hark and stones.

C. bachei, Lee, Proc. A.cad. L861, p. 353

The thorax is here grauulose, less convex and proportionately broader than blaschkii.
The thorax and elytra are also more opaque, and the tubercles of the latter rather smaller
and more closely and regularly placed. The elytra are rather more depressed and more
broadly oval than the preceding species, and differs also in the characters mentioned
above.

Length .56 inch.

Occurs only at Santa Barbara and on the Island of San C'lemente.

GLYPTOTUS, Lee.
Qlyptotus, Lee, Proc. Acad. IX. ]>. 75.

With this genus commences a series of genera in which the antenna' are longer than
the head and thorax, tin- outer joints not being transverse bill more or less triangular and
closely articulated. This form is somewhat similar to that seen in many Efelopides, and
it may be considered doubtful whether these genera (excepting Rhinandrus) should nol
outer that tribe or form a now one closely allied to it. The vestiture of the tarsi of these
genera, with the exception noted, is intermediate between the previous group of gen ra
and the Tenebriones which follow. In two genera the males have the anterior tarsi
slightly dilated.

The mentum ofGlyptotus is small, rhomboidal, narrowing behind, very prominent al
middle, and with prominent angles; supported on a very narrow gular peduncle. The
eyes are larger on the front than other of our genera. On each sid< of the head abo* -

A.MKRI. PHILOSO. I . XIV-

342 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMERICA,

the eye- is a deep groove, extending from the anterior margin of the eyes backward, then
down upon the side of the head at some distance behind the eyes, losing itself gradually
as it approaches the gula. The antenna? arc rather long, equalling the head and thorax.
The (inter joints are sub-quadrate, not transverse nor sub-perfoliate, the terminal joint be-
ing longer than the preceding and obtuse at tip, as in Polypleurus. 'I'h i epipleurae arc
entire.

The appearance of this insect is tint of Helops, especially in tli • form of the head.

G. cribratus, Lee, Proc. Acad. IX. p. 7">.

Black, moderatelj shining. Thorax broader than long, sides rounded in front, very
feebly narrowed behind, hind angles reqtangular, base feebly bisinuate. Elytra twice
longer than broad, sub-parallel, moderately convex, with eight rows of rather large punc-
tures feebly impressed. The body is winged.

Length ,5H inch.

Rare in Texas.

Another sp scies is in the Zimmerman cabinet, from Guinea.

RHINANDRTJS, Lee.
Rhioandrus, Lee, New Species, p. lilt.

The differences between this genus and Zophobas are slight, and a study of the Mexi-
can species may render it probable that these points may have merely specific value.

R. gracilis, Lee, New Species, p. 100.

Length ~r2-.l~> inch.

From Cape St. Lucas, Lower California.

CENTRONOPTJS, Solier.
Centronopus, Sol., Baudi e Truqui Studi Entom., \>. 358.

The antenna- of this genus are longer than the head and thorax, the outer joints tri-
angular, the last oval and pointed. The opipleunc do not reach the apex of the elytra.
The anterior tarsi of the males are feebly dilated or thickened. The anterior tibiae of the
same sex are armed near the middle with a short tooth, and the tips of these and the
middle tibiae arc thickened. Tin1 metasternum is lon<j and the body winged. Mentum
small, rhomboidal, narrower behind, middle prominent, angles acute. The anterior mar-
gin of front is thickened and slightly reflexed.

C. calcaratus, Fab., (Helops) Syst. El. 1, 1">0. coraeinut, Enoch, Tenebrio) Beitr., 170; refiexus, ^.i\.
Teneb.) Joura. Acad. V.. p. 108.

This rather abundant insect may be known by tin- peculiar thickening of the anterior
margin of the front, as well as by the sexual characters of the male. The thorax is some-

NORTH OF MEXICO. 3 13

what broader than long, feeblj emarginate in front and al base, sides feebly rounded and
slightly margined, anterior angles obtuse, hind angles nearly rectangular. The surface is
coarsely bul not denselj punctured. The elytra are elongate sub-parallel, raoderatelj
convex, with eight entire and a shorl scutellar stria-. The striae are punctured, inter-'
slightly convex and verj (eeblj punctured. The legs are black and ill • under sui
nearlj smooth. In addition to the generic characters given above, it may be stated that
the males have the under surfac i of the anterior femora near the base clothed with rather
coarse hairs.

Rather common in the Atlantic region, under fallen logs or stones.

c. opacus, Lee, Smitlison. Cont. It". Col., Kansas and New Mexico, p. 13.

The entire surface is op ique in this sp icies, while in the preceding the surface is shin-
ing and of a sub-metallic lustre. The elytra are not striate, bul have rows of fine, closely
placed punctures, the intervals being flat and impunctured. The general form is similar
td calcaratus, with the elytra less parallel. The thorax is much less distinctly margined,
and the under surface less shining. The sexual characters are similar in both species.

Length .61 inch.

\ single specimen from the Black Hills, Dacotah, is known.

XYLOPINUS, Lee.
Xylopinus, Lee, < !ol. N. Am.. 231 .

This genus differs from the preceding notably in the form of the front. The anterior

margin is truncate or feeblj emarginate, not thickened. The labrum is also more promi-
nent and is occasionally so protruded as to allow the basal membrane to become visible.
The males have the same sexual characters in the front tibiae as in Centronopm. The

anterior femora have not the basal hairy spot, nor are the middle tibiae thickened at tip.
The front and middle tarsi are more distinctly dilated, and the whole appearance more
decidedly like the llelopides. All the Specimens are winged.

Our species maj be distinguished as follows:
Body black, not metallic.

Legs black. - a pe rdoi des.

Legs red. m ti pes.

Body sub-metallic. anes c ens.

X. saperdoides, Olir., (Tenebrio) Ent :!. 11. taperd . Relops) Beauv. Ins., 162, pi. 31,

li'_'. 3; tpinipet, Fab., El. 1. 16 B renebrio) Neue. Beitrag., p. 16

The thorax of this species is nearly square, feebly emarginate in front, truncate behind,
sides very feebly rounded, anterior angles rounded, hind angles acute with a slight im-
pression within. The elytra are elongate, parallel, feebly conv< \. usuallj somewhat flat-

344

REVISION OF TIIK TENEBKIONIDiE OF AMERICA,

ii Mid on the disc. The elytra are striate, the strise punctured. The interstices are mod-
erately convex and finely punctured. The legs are black and the under surface of the
bod) smooth.

Length .4 !-.<> 1 inch.

Common in nearly the entire region east of the Mississippi River, under loose bark.

X. I'ufipes, Say, Tenebrio) Journ. Acad. \".. 303.

Scarcely different from the preceding. The legs are red except the bases of the til>ia\
It dm- nut differ in size and sculpture from the preceding, and though common, is less so
than saperdoides, and occurs in the same region.

X. senescens, Lee, N. Species, p. ISO.

Differs from the preceding two species, by its broader thorax and by the elytra being
more dilated behind the middle. The color is pale brown, with a brassy tinge. The lees
are slender, and the tooth of the anterior tibia of the male is less prominent and the emar-
gination below it less deep.

Length .50— .51 inch.

Middle and Western States, not common, though more abundant in the latter region.

SUB-TRIBE II — TENEBRION ES.

In this group the tarsi are clothed with a coarser, less dense, and more rigid pubes-
cence than in the preceding. The body is always elongate, never robust, usually de-
pressed. The mentum is trapezoidal, generally flattened. The tibial spins are always
conspicuous. The epipleurse are variable in length.

Our genera are as follows:

Antenna' gradually thicker toward the tip, palpi and tarsi short.
Epipleurse entire.
Epipleurse abbre\ iated.

Head sub-quadrate ; similar in the sexes.
I bad transverse; dissimilar in the sexes.
Antenna- elongate, slender, last joint fusiform; palpi long; tarsi slender.
Epipleurse entire.

Mentum emarginate in front.
Mentum truncate in front.
The genera of this sub-tribe are much less homogeneous than the Upes, although

fewer in number, and this dissimilarity seems to indicate that, by the division of the Ten-

ebrionidse and their apportionment in tribes by the discover) of better characters than

those now known, these genera would not be found associated. The genus Sitophagus
has been placed here (as done by Mulsant), the form of the anterior coxa- indicating but
little affinity with the genera allied to Uloma.

TENEBRIO.

mis.
SIT0PHAG1 S

AI.-KI'IIl S.
El PSOPHUS.

r

NORTB OF MEXICO. 345

TENEBRIO, /.
Tcnebrio, Linn., Syst. Nat. Ed. VI; Neatns, 1 \. A., p. 233.

The characters of this genus are too well known to need special comment.
< >ur species are four in numb :r, and may be distinguished as follows :
Trochantin ol middle coxa? verj distinct.

Surface dull, opaque. o b s c u rus.
Surface mure or less shining.

Thorax broader than long. molitor.

Thorax sub-quadrate. casl a n eus .

Trochantin of middle coxa? small. tenebrioides.

T. obscurus, Fab. El. 1. 1 16.

Easily distinguished from our other species by its opaque surface.

Length .58-.62 inch.

Abundant in the Atlantic region, where it has b :en introduced from Europe.

T. mol it or, Linn.. Fab. El. 1, 145.

Similar in form to the preceding. The thorax is, however, more transverse and the
margin broader and more distinctly reflexed.
Length .50— .65 inch.
Umndant in the same regions with obscurus. Uso introduced.

T. castaneus, Snocb, Neue Beitr., 171 . Say, J. A.-. :'.. 266.

Differs uotably in form and sculpture from the preceding sp scies. The thorax is here
nearly square, truncate at base, and more distinctly emarginate in front. The sides arc
more broadlj margined and the margin more refl ;xed. The surfac is more coarsely
punctured. The elytra are narrower and more elongate, their surface more deeply
striate and the stria? more strongly punctured.

I .ength . 10 inch.

Specimens have been found in ever) region of our country, though not abundant.

T. tenebrioides, Beauv. Belops [ns., p. 121, pi. 30, fig. 1; Jay, Tenebrio .Tourn. Acad. 3, 236.

Similar in form to molitor. The trochantin of the middle coxa? i- very -mall, and in
-nine specimens scarcelj visible. Length .4S-.52 inch.

Abundant over our whole territorj ; specimens have occurred in California.

Iill's. 3Ms.
Rhi>. Muls., Col I'ii.-I tigi lies, i>. 266.
B. estriatus, Lei I V.nn. Lye. 5, 149.

Similar in form t" the European tlvoracicw, hut shorter, ami with a more distinctlj
margined thorax, with less prominent hind angles. Length .22 inch.

Rare. Specimens have been found in California, and 1 I S >n, Brit. Amer.

AMERI. PH1L080. BOO.— VOL. XIV.- --T

346 REVISION "i nil: TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMERICA,

SITOPHAGUS, Muls.
Bitophagus, Muls., < ol. France; Latigenes, p. 204.

Easil) known from our other genera bj its depressed form, being almost perfectly Hat
above. The epipleura? are abbreviated. 'Hie antenna?, though gradually thickening to-
ward the tip. arc less coinpad than in Bius, in which also the epipleura? do not attain the
tip ol the elytra. The sexes differ from cadi other by the presence of horns on the male.
formed by the sides of the gena? and the sides of the epistoma.

Two species arc known in our fauna.

S. pallidus, Say, Pytho Journ. Acad. 3, p. 271; Lee, (Adelina Ann. Lye. 5, 148 \ata, Dej. Cat

This is the larger of our two species, ami has the side of the head in front of the eyes
: rolonged into a horn on each side of the head of the male.
Length .20 inch.
Hare in the Middle and Southern State-.

s. lecontei, Born; planus I] Lee, (Adelina Ann. Lye. Y.. Mi'.

Differs from the preceding in size and by the head of the male having a second horn
i'ii each side, concealed from above by the larger horn formed bj the prominence of the
sides ol' the front.

Length .1 8 inch.

Occurs rather ahundantlv in the Colorado Desert of California, in Owens' Yallev, and

Arizona.

ALJ3PHUS, n. g.

Mentum trapezoidal, narrowed toward base, cmarginate in front, anterior angles prominent; ligula free, basal

ibrane visible; gular peduncle short, narrow. Maxillary palpi long, second joint longer than third or fourth,

tider al base, thickened toward tip, lasl join! longer than the preceding, conical, Battened anil obliquely truncate.

i -i rongly exsert, very slightlj narrower behind the eyes, which an- distant IV. mi (Ik- prothorax, reniform .mil aot

iiicni. Head prolonged in front of eyes, frontal suture indistinct. Epistoma hemi-hexagoual, emarginate in

utirelj i sealing the labruni. Lateral margins of front slightly reflexed. Antennas a- long as head

id tin i idei first joint thicker, second small, I Inn I long, equal the two following; joints four t.> eleven sub-

join! i " i iM in. Prosternum not prominent behind the coxae, mesosternum oblique, middle coxae with dis-
ii aantin. Metasternal parapleural simple, moderate, slightly narrower behind. Metasternum Inns;, body
winged, [ntercoxal process of abdomen acute. Epipleurae entire. Tibial spurs distinct; tarsi slender; the first joint
ind tarsi longer than the two mccceding together. Scutellum broader than long, sub quadrate.
The male has tin- anterior tarsi very slightly dilated, ami a slight brush of hairs near the tip of the penultimate
id 'ininal segment.

This genus is proposed for an insect to which 1 haw seen nothing similar. The head
JN the form seen in Cerenopus and other Scaurini, though differing from them in the
tarsal vestiture, the form of the antenna?, and the distribution of the antennal pores.

A. pallidus, pale brownish ti I i ub-opaque, elongate oval. Head moderately but nol coarselj punc-

1. Thorax broader than long, narrower in front, apex feebly emarginate, base feebly bisinuate, sides moderately

NORTH OF MEXICO. 34'?

ined, margin slightly reflexed, hind angles distinct, disc modern! .. Elytra oval,

slightly emargiuate at base, humeri distinct, elytra! margin distinct, slightlj reflexed. Surface finely and spa
punctured.

The he. m1 and thorax are much more opaqu i than the elytra. The thorax is narrower
than the elytra, and has a slight median depression near the base. The sides of the elytra
are very feebly rounded and are almost sub-parallel, the apex is nol prolonged. The up-
per surface of the bod) is P ravex, the under surface paler in color and more sliii

Length .33 inch.

One male, from Fort Tejon, California.

EUPSOPHUS, n. g.

i ni flat, transverse, slightly narrower behind, anterior angles nol pi-omit . sup-

ported on a very short broadgular peduncle. Ligula ti slightly e i basal membrau

visible, palpi short, last joint flattened, conical, longer than ling. Maxillary palpi long, last three joints

sub-equal, conical, the terminal slightly flattened. Labium transverse, partly concealed. Mead i broad,

feebly emarginate and distant fr the thorax. Front hemi-hexagoiial, feebly converging in front, anteriorly broadly

emargiuate, suture in listinct. Antenna! longer than the head and thorax, slender; first two joints short, third 1 •

quailing the third and fourth together, joints four to ten gradually decreasing, last joint longer and p tinted
at tii in oval. Elytra broader at base than the thorax, humeri distill entire, narrow and

horizontal. Troi if middle coxae distinct. Mctastemu tdomen tri-

angular. Li gs slender, tarsi long, sparsely clothed with short spinous hairs. hind tarsi longer than the

i I and third, last joint near!) equal to the two preceding. Tibial spurs

This genus lias proved the mosi troublesome of any of I s lera to which 1 have
been required to assign a place.

The hind margins of the third and fourth ventral segments do not exhibit in so marked
a degree the coriac :ous margin, which has been taken as the charact r dividing the family
into two sections, and it is only with some difficulty, or by the undn i protrusion of th •
terminal segments, that the membrane connecting them be* om - visible. In outline the
disc Lbles sum, sp cies of Himatismus, or our own Eiritragw submefaUia . Lee.

There are. however, no other affinities between this insect and the Epitragini, as will be
seen by the smaller mentum, the middle trochantin and the form of the head. The pro-
sternum is deflexed behind, and the mesosternum oblique. This genus and the preceding,
in an arrangement of the g t large, should in all probability constitute n tribe bj

themselves, near the Goniaclerides ol South America, though abundantly distinct by m
characters. From Alsephus this genus maj be known by the form of in mtum and gular
peduncle, by the margins of the Iron' not being reflexed and by the form ol the antenna-.

shining, li and in front of eyes, sparsclj on the

Thorax sub-quadrate, moderati slightly broader than long, truncate in front, feeblj I

base, sides bind, hind angles rectangular,

tnred. Elytra ■ er than broad, m i lei

Beneath -. Binning, > 1 \ and tl

I ,ength .") l-.iin inch.

348 REVISION OF Till: TEKEBRIOXIDjE of IHERICA.

The male is smaller and more slender than the female. The outline of this sp 'cies is
almost exactlj that of Himatismus occidentalis, as figured by Lacordaire (Genera, pi. I!'.
fig. 1.) excepting thai this insect has the thorax shorter, with the anterior angles rounded.

This insect occurs rather abuudantly in Owens" V"alley, California, flics at night, and
is attracted by candle light. When recent it is somewhat paler in color.

TRIBE \\1 — PEDININI.

This tribe differs from those which precede, in havingthe front very short and broadly
dilated on the sides. The body is usually short, oval, not verj convex, epistoma emargi-
nate, sometimes verj deeply, allowing the basal membrane to become visible; labrum
prominent; mentum small, frequently trilobed in front, with a distinct gular peduncle ;
middle coxa; with distinct trochantin; anterior tarsi of male dilated and spongj beneath,
hind tarsi either pubescent or spinous.

The anterior coxa' arc more transverse than in the preceding tribes and tend toward
the sub-cylindrical form so strongly marked in most of the genera of the Ulomini. The
head is usually deeply inserted, and the terminal joints of both pairs of palpi either trian-
gular or securiform.

( )ur genera form two groups :

Eyes not entirely divided. p] \ tyxoti.

Eyes completely divided. blapstini.

One species, described by Say as Pedinus sutwalis, remains unknown and cannot be
assigned a place. It tnaj possibly be a larger species ofBlapstinus or Opatrinus.

GROUP I — PLATYNOTI.

One genus alone in our fauna constitutes our representation of this group. From our
other genera it may be easily known, by the eyes not being divided and the anterior
tibiae slender and not notably different in the sexes.

OPATRINUS, Latr.
Ri ne Animal, ed. .. Y. p. 10.

0. QOtus, Say, Opatrum Journ, Acad. 5, 837; Bost. Journ. 1, is?. Lee, Opatrinus Say's Ent. II. 804;
'/'■ »< •- Beauv. [ns. 108, pi. 31, fig. 7.

The elytral sculpture of this species consists of rows of large punctures, usually round,
sometimes more or less elongate. There are no stria?, and the rows of punctures arc at
times interrupted. The sides of the thorax are gradually convergent anteriorly, very
feebly rounded and with the margin slightly thickened.

Occurs abundantly in the whole Atlantic district.

Length .32-. H inch.

WORTH OF MEXICO. :> 19

1 1 .1 ciculatus, Lee, Proc. A.cad

Differs from the preceding in having the elytra distinctlj striate, striae with large punc-
tures, interstices moderatelj convex. Thorax more strongly rounded than the preceding,
witli the Bides distinctly reflexed, and with the disc more convex.

( )ccurs abundantly in Texas.

Length . 10 inch.

O. > a y i . oblong, parallel, brownish opaque. Head finely and densely punctured; clypeus rather deeply emargi-
Thorax feebly convex, one-fifth broader than long, sides moderately rounded in front, nearly straigbl and

Blightly divergent toward the base; apex feeblj ite, base bisinun paque, very finelj and densely

punctured, Lateral margin slightly thickened. Elytra sub-parallel, feebly convex, opaque, no) deeply Btriate, and
with punctures neither approximate nor deeply impressed; interstices slightl] convex and very minutely punctured.
Body beneath ferruginous, shining. Length .40 inch; 11.5 mm.

One specimen from Kansas, kindly given me by Mr. P. S. Sprague, of Boston.
Our species ofOpatrinus may be known as follows:
Thorax very finely punctured; inner side of male anterior tibiae distinctly

sinuate. s ay i .

Thorax coarsely punctured; anterior tibiae of male slightly arcuate only.

Elytra not striate, but with rows of large deeply impressed punctures, notus.
Elytra striate ; sides of thorax slightly reflexed. a ciculatus.

GROUP II — BLAPSTINI.

This group differs from the preceding in having the eyes entirely divided. A.s in the
previous group, the anterior and sometimes the middle tarsi are dilated in the male, and
the anterior tibia; are also somewhat curved in the same sex ; in some of the genera, how-
ever, the dilatation is but little apparent. The tibiae and femora of both sexes in all the
genera are entirely unarmed. Notwithstanding the number of genera proposed by Mul-
sant in this group, it has been found necessary to add several new ones.

The following table will give their differences:
Anterior tibiae with the outer angle obliquely truncate.

[ntercoxal process of abdomen triangular, acute or oval at tip.

Antenna' long, slender. MR fSMUS.

Antenna' stout, joints 1-s broader than long. CONIBIUS.

Antenna' stout, joints j-s longer than broad. Bl \r-;i\i s.

[ntercoxal process broad truncate al tip. notibii 5.

Anterior tibiae with the apex emarginate, outer angles prolonged.

Tibiae broad, nol linear. DLOS.

MEC1 SMI S, n. g.
This name is proposed for a sp cies differing from the other Blapstini bj its eloi
depressed form, thorax sub-quadrate, narrower at base than the elytra. The antenna' are

AMKRI. PBI1 -Vol.. XIV.- 38

350 REVISION OF TIIK TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMERICA,

slightlj longer than the head and thorax, slender and with the joints longer than broad.
The last three joints are scarcelj thicker than those which precede, although compara
tivelj shorter, the third joint is one-and-a-half times the length of the fourth. The legs
arc slender and longer than usual, the anterior tibiae slender and the tarsi dilated in the

males.

M. angustus, Lee, Blapstinus Ann. Lye. V., p. 146.

The thorax is sub-quadrate, the sides moderately rounded and broadesl at middle, the
anterior and posterior angles are not prominent, the surface feebly convex towards the
sides, flattened on the disc. The elytra are twice as long as broad at base, the base emar-
ginate, sides feebly rounded, apex obtuse. The elytra have regular stria' ol fine punc-
tures, the interstices being flat and finely but sparsely pubescent.

Length .26 inch.

Found rather abundantly flying at night, at Fort Yuma, California.

<<>M nils. Lee.

Conibius, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., p. 145.

Besides the antenna] characters given in the table, this genus may be known from
Blapstinus by the small rounded superior portion of the eye. The anterior tibiae are also
broader, slightly more arcuate and finely denticulate on the outer edge. The tarsi of the

male are hut feebly dilated. The antenna' are much more robust than in Blapstinus, the
third joint being, however, longer than the fourth and at least one-half longer than broad.
The metasternum is short and the body apterous.

Our species are three in number.

Sides ol' thorax moderately rounded, hind angles obtuse, base feebly sinuate.

Thoracic margin feeble, equal. seriatus.

Thoracic margin more distinct, slightly reflexed, broader behind. parallelus.

Sides ol thorax nearly parallel and straight, base more strongly sinuous, hind

angles more distinct. e 1 o n gatus.

< '. ser iatus, Lee., Ann. Lye. V.. 145.

This species is more robust, broader and more convex than either of those which fol-
low. The thorax is more strongly rounded on the sides, and convex from the margin.
The margin is very narrow and equal at apex and base. The base of thorax is feebly
sinuate and the angles ohtuse. The surface of the insect is also much less opaque and
punctured.

Length .l(i inch.

\"t abundanl in the Colorado Desert of California.

NORTH OF MEXICO. ;>.">1

( . pn i .\ llelus, Lee, loc. cit.

The sides of the thorax are less rounded, the disc less convex, and the margin more
evident, especiall) near the hind angles. The elytra arc more elongate, more nearl) par-
allel, lis- convex, and more coarsel) punctured and opaque.

Length .16-.20 inch.

( )ccurs at San Jose, ( !al.

('. el on gat us, elongate, sub-parallel. Head reddish brown, coarsely and rather closely punctured. Tho
Bub-quadrate, somewhat broadei than long, sides rounded anteriorly, straight and sub-parallel behind, distinctly mar
gined, margin slightly reflcxed; apex feeblj emarginate, angles obtuse; base stronglj sinuous, angles prominent back-
wards; disc moderately convex, coarselj I at not closelj punctured. Elytra i ub-parallel, denselj muricatelj
punctured, faintly sub-striate. Under surface and legs brownish or ferruginous. Length .11 .18 inch.

As in the other species, the body is ferruginous or brownish in color, the elytra alone
being black and more or less opaque. The thorax at base i- strongly sinuous, especially
within each hind angle, the latter being rendered therebj more prominent behind. The
sides of the bod) are also more parallel. The muricate punctures of the elytra are fur-
nished each with a very short coarse, curved hair. The elytra of seriaiits are entirely de-
void of hairs, they are probably found on recent or well preserved specimens of parallelus,
while in this species the) are probably permanent and undoubtedl) more dense than it is
possible for them to be in the latter species. The females are larger and rather more ro-
bust than the males, while the latter have the anterior and in less degree the middle tarsi
feebly dilated.

Occurs rather abundantly under stones in Owens' Valley, California.

BLAPSTINUS, Lair.
Blapstinus, Latr. , Kegne A.nimale ed. 2, V. p. 21.

The differences between this genus and the preceding have already been adverted to,
and need hut little additional mention. In this the npper portion of the eye is larger and
broader transversely, occasionally sub-angulate within. The antenna' are more slender

than in Conibius, and graduall) thickened toward the tip.

Our species are numerous and may be distinguished by the characters in the following
table:

Thorax w ith a broad flattened margin.

Alternate interspaces of elytra elevated. sordidus.

[nterspai es equal, elytra deepl) striate. sulcata-.

Thorax convex from the edge.

Elytra black or brown, without metallic lustre ; stria' continuous.

Elytra with golden yellow hair-. auripilis .

Elytra \\ ith greyish hairs.

352 REVISION OF THE TENKBKION lli.V. OF AMERICA,

Base of thorax strongly sinuate.

Elytra very sparsely pubescent. di hit at us.

Thorax broader in front of middle. br e vicollis .

Thorax gradually narrowing from base. lecontei.

pratensis.
Elytra densely clothed with cinereous pubescence, vestitus.
Base of thorax nearly truncate.

Sides of thorax evenly rounded, not narrowing in front. 1 o n gulu s .
Elytra either glabrous or with a few black hairs.

1 lead, thorax and legs ferruginous. discolor.

Body entirely black.

Base of thorax strongly sinuous, hind angles more pro-
longed than the middle of the base. m oe s t us .
Base of thorax less sinuate, hind angles less prolonged

and less acute. p u 1 verulen tus.

Elytra glabrous, aeneous or aeneous black; striae interrupted.

Thorax densely and coarsely punctured, less shining. i n t e r r uptus.

Thorax sparsely punctured, shining ; elytra aeneous. metallic us.

B. sordidus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 146.

This species is easily distinguishable by the flattening of the upper surface of the
thorax along the lateral margin, and by the alternate intervals of the elytra being more
convex than the others. The thorax is broader than long, moderately rounded on the
--ides which converge toward the front; rather deeply emarginate anteriorly, with acute
angles. The base is broadly lobed at middle with the hind angles rather prominent
backwards, and is always closely applied against the base of the elytra. The front is al-
ways deeply emarginate, exposing (when recent) the basal membrane of the labrum. The
elytra are striate, the stria- closely punctured. The whole surface is clothed rather
densely with coarse, scale-like, recumbent ochreous hairs. The color of the surface is
brown.

Length .32 inch.

Very abundant under logs, at Camp Grant, Arizona.

15. RlllcatuS, Lee, Ann. I. yc V., 117.

Tin- margin is here also flattened, much less broadly however than in the preceding
species. The head and thorax are densel) and coarsely punctured. The latter is broader
than long, rounded on the sides, scarcely narrower in front, apex emarginate, angles dis-
tinct, base sinuate, less lobed at middle than aordidvs, and with less prominent hind

NORTH of Mexico. 353

angles. The elytra are deeplj striate, the interstices flal and densely punctured. The sur-
face is clothed with a pubescence similar to aordidw, bul coarser and paler. The color of
the body is opaque brown.

Length .23 inch.

Found ;it Fort Yuma. California.

B. a u r i p i 1 i s , elongate oval, opaque brown. Head 1 lerately, coarsely and densely punctured. Thorax con-
vex from the edge withoul depressed margin, broader than long, sides gradual!] converging and moderately rounded.

A.pex emarginate, basal angles distinct, I >.c -f sinuate, lobed ;ii middle with angles pr inenl backwards, Biirfacc

densely punctured. Elytra feebly striate, stria; punctured, interstices moderately convex and densely and finely punc-
tured. Upper surface of body moderately densely clothed with golden yellow scale-like haire, Beneath finel] and
densely punctured and clothed with similar l>ut finer pubescence.

Length .30 inch.

Easily known from the species which precede, l>y the absence of a depressed thoracic
margin, and from those which follow by the vestiture of the surface of the body. It is
the most convex of our species.

Occurs at Camp Grant, Arizona, in company with sordidus, though less abundant.

B. dilatatus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V.. 1 4i>.

This species is usually black or deep brown in color, sub-opaque. The thorax is feebly
convex, slightly flattened behind the head, sides rounded, broader at middle than at base.
Apex moderately emarginate, base sinuate, angles not prominent. \ slight impression
on each side of base opposite the fourth elytra! interval. Surface coarsely and densely
punctured, punctures elongate and continent. Elytra feebl) convex, striate stria? coarsely
and closely punctured, intervals flat, finely but sparsely punctured; surface sparsely
clothed with brownish hairs.

Length .:5(> inch.

Occurs with sordidus, but is still mere abundant.

15. brevicollis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 147.

Similar in its characters to the preceding, differing in the shorter thorax, less rounded
on the sides, less coarsely and continently punctured. The form is slightly more elongate
and more convex. The vestiture and sculpture are similar to dilatatus. The legs paler.

Length .26-.28 inch.

Occurs rather abundantly near San Francisco.

B. lecontei, MuK.. Opusc Entom. Cab.. 0, p. 128; I Ann. Lye. V., p. 117.

Mure elongate and convex than the two species which precede. The thorax is less
rounded on the sides and not broader at middle than at base. The basal margin is less
strongly sinuate. The punctures of the thorax are finer, less dense and not elongate, and

AMBBI. PB1LOSO. BOC. \ OL. \l v. —89

354 REVISION OF TlIK TENEBKIONIDjE OF AMERICA,

scarcely confluent. The surface is also more densely clothed with an ochreous pubescence,
longer and much more distinct than in dilatatvs or bremcollis.

Length .2 I-.30 inch.

Occurs at Foil Yuma and in Arizona.

15. pratensis, Lee, Col. Kansas and New Mexico, p. 15.

Similar in all its more important characters to lecontei; the sides of the thorax are
however less rounded, and the apex more deeply emarginate, with more prominent an-
gles. The ochreous vestiture is liner and much less evident, the stria' of the dura shal-
lower and more finely punctured.

Length .24-. 26 inch.

Occurs in Kansas. Specimens probably of the same species arc seen, deprived ofpu-
besence and rather larger, from New Mexico. Texas, and Arizona.

B. vestitus, Lee., Col. Kansas, and New Mexico, p. 15.

Early distinguishable from our other species by the rather dense greyish pubescence.
The sides of the thorax are feebly rounded and converge towards the apex. The elytra!
stria' are faint and the punctures fine. The body above is also very faintly bronzed, a
character found only in the last two species in the table.

Length .20 inch.

Specimens reported from Kansas only.

]!. lougulus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 147.

The baseof'tlie thorax is here so ieebly sinuate as compared with our other species
as to merit the distinction of being called nearly truncate. The thorax is as wide at
apex as at base, sides feebly rounded, slightly sinuate near the hind angles, which are
rectangular. The elytra are moderately striate with coarse punctures, the intervals feebly
convex and rather coarsely punctured. The form is rather elongate and the color brownish
black, shining.

Length .28 inch.

Occurs in Southern Arizona.

li. discolor, elongate; head, thorax ami lugs ferruginous, elytra black, not shining. Head coarsely and
densely punctured, punctures elongate and confluent. Thorax broader than long, moderately convex, less coarsely
and densely punctured than the head ; apex feebly emarginate, angles not prominent; base feebly sinuate ; sides
feebly rounded, converging inward apex. Elytra olongate oval, convex with strise of moderately coarse punctures of
which tin- interstices are feebly convex and finely pum-tiiivd. Liody beneath densely punctured.

Length .36 inch.

Easilj known by its peculiar coloring. There tire no signs of any pubescence. As in
longulus the thorax is ieebly sinuate at base. The elytra! stria* are more faint toward
the base, becoming gradually more distinct toward the apex.
\ single specimen trom near Visalia, California.

NORTH "i mi vim. 355

B. i stus. M.ls., Proc. A'-ail..

Found in tlic Northern and Middle States.

B pulverulentus, Mann., Beitrag, 576 r Motsch. Bull., M ■ . L845,

The species of Mbtschulskj is very badly described but it is doubtless the same as
that described by Mannerheim. .

Both this and the preceding species are deep shining black and have but few black
hairs very sparsely scattered over the elytra, rarely sen except when the specimen is
fresh. This species has also, when recent, a coating of whitish efflorescence previously
iim Qtioni d amen- the specii s el' Trimytis. Mot stua and />u/r, rub ntua are closely related
and differ only in the base of the thorax of the former being more strongly sinuous and
the hind angles rather more prominent than the middle lobe of the base. Both are
nearly equal in si/,..

Length .20-.23 inch.

Occurs abundantly everywhere in California.

1'.. interruptus, in. A.cad. 8, 264 ; luridus, Muls., Opusc. Entom. Cah. 9, p. I

This species is separated from the synonymy in which it has been placed on account
of the permanence of certain characters in a considerable series of specimens. The < lytra
are here hlack. very rarely with any metallic tinge. The thorax, is denselj and coarsely
punctured, less shining than in metallicus. The species is larger, broader and more convex.

Length .22 inch.

Abundant in the Northern States and Canada.

B. metallicus, Fab. Blaps), El. 1. 143; Beauv. tns. p. 137, tab. 30b. fig. tfels., Proc. Acad

Smaller than interruphis and more distinctly metallic. The thorax is finely and
sparsely punctured and shining. The punctures of the elytra are very large and cause
them to appear very rugose. En both species there is a depression of the base of the
thorax opposite the fourth interspace, more evident in metallicus.
Length .18-.20 inch.
Abundant with the preceding.

NOTIBIUS, Lee.
Notibius, Lee., Ann. Lye. V.. 145.

Differs from Blapstinus in having the upper portion of the eyes smaller and rounder,
the intercoxal process of the abdomen quadrangular and truncate, and the scutellum very
transverse, scarcely visible between the elytra. Presternum more or less prolonged
behind the coxa, mesosternum correspondingly concave; metasternum short, body
apterous.

:'..')li REVISION OF THE TKNEltKIoNID.K OF AMERICA,

All the species exhibit some sexual peculiarity in the anterior tibiae, especially grami-
latus, when' the tibia becomes rather suddenly arcuate in its lower half forming thus an
angle between the upper and lower portion.*

Six species of this genus are known, all from the desert regions oi California and
Arizona. The following table shows their differences :

Elytra very broadly oval; disc faintly or not striate and rather densely
but finely muricately punctured.
Elytra sparsely pubescent.

Surface uniformly dark brown or black. puberulus.

Head and thorax ferruginous. puncticollis.

Elytra not pubescent, sub-opaque, black. gagates.

Elytra elongate oval or sub-parallel; disc distinctly striate or sulfate.
Anterior tibia' similar in the sexes.

Ant. tibia- neither sub-angulate nor arcuate. opacus.

Anterior tibiae dissimilar in the sexes.

Ant. tibia & sub-angulate at middle, arcuate beneath. granulatus.

Ant. tibia £ suddenly narrower at base. sulcatus.

N. puberulus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 145.

The tibiae id' the sexes are similar to each other, but slightly more arcuate in the male.
From all the other species this and the following differ in having the anterior tibia3 very
broad, outer edge- and hind surface finely denticulate. The thorax is broader than long,
moderately convex, distinctly margined, sides feebly rounding, not converging, apex
emarginate, angles obtuse, base sinuate, angles distinct ; disc finely and sparsely punc-
tured. Elytra broadh oval, scarcely one-third longer than broad, convex, faintly striate,
densely finch muricately punctured, each puncture bearing a short hair. The upper
surface is very dark brown in color, the leers dark ferruginous.

Length .22 inch.

Occurs in the Colorado Desert and Arizona.

N. puncticollis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 145.

Similar to puberuhts, differs in having the head and thorax ferruginous, the latter
more convex, less margined, more densely and coarsely punctured. The elytra! stria-
are more evident, muricate punctures more distinct and abundant.

Length .20-22 inch.

Occurs in the Sacramento Valley, at San Jose and near Yisalia.

* By an error of tin- pen, evidently, in tin- use of "lust " for " first, " this peculiar angulation of the tibia is ac-
credited to < lonibius, in the Classification of Coleoptera of X. A., p. 'J'.'T.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 3ol

N. gagates, entirely black, sub-opaque. Head denselj and finely punctured; margin of epistoma paler. Thorax
broader than long, convex, densely and finely punctured, sides feebly rounded, narrowing slightly toward base; apex
emarginate, angles distinct; base rounded, angles obtuse. Elytra broad, convex, densely and minutely punctured.
Beneath black, shining, sparsely punctured.

ili .'.'I .28 inch.

This species with the tahle needs bul little description; it differs from those with
broadly oval elj tra in its being totally black, thorax narrower at base, base rounded, apical
angles distinct, no! obtuse. The elytra are less rounded on the sides, the humeri distinct.
There arc no elytral stria' and the punctures arc very minute and irregularlj placed. The
anterior tibiae also, arc narrow, not broad, as in the two preceding species.

Occurs in moderate abundance at Camp Grant, under stones, and when recent is
pruinosi .

X. opacus, Lee, New Species, p. lis.

The thorax i- less transverse than in the broad species which precede, i- more convex
and is also narrower at base and nan-ewer than the base of the elytra. The elytra are
elongate oval, rounded on the side-, with distinct humeral angles, surface striate, striae
punctured, intervals feebly convex and finely punctured. The head and thorax are very
densely and continently punctured with elongate punctures.

Length .20-.24 inch.

The measurement given by Leconte (loc. cit.) is probably a mistake, as his type is
■half longer at least than indicated (.12 inch).

The anterior tibiae are here also similar in the sexes, and are verj gradually wider
from the Base toward the apex.

Occurs in Arizona and Lower California.

N. granulatus, Lit.. Ann. Lye. V.. 145.

\\ hile similar in form to opacus, this species has the thorax broader and less narrowed
behind, the surface is densely and coarsel) punctured. The elytra arc deeply striate, the
striae closelj punctured, the interstices convex and muricately punctured. The anterior
tibiae of the males serve to distinguish this species from any other. From the base to the
middle these tibiae are very gradually wider, below the middle the tibiae are suddeuly ar-
cuate, causing them to appear toothed. The tibiae of the female are gradual!) expanded
toward the apex and are broader than the male.

I . ngth .1 S-.'J"> inch.

Occur- at Fort Yuma and Arizona.

X. Bulcatus, I. re.. Ann. Lye. V.. 145.

The thorax is sub-quadrate, not narrower behind, sides feebly rounded, almost parallel
behind the middle. The elytra arc elongate oval, sub-parallel, deeply striate, stria? co irselj

AMKRI. PHILOSO. BOO. — VOT.. XIV. — 90

358 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDJE OF AMEKII \.

punctured, interstices verj convex and sparsely punctured. The males have the anterior
tibiae slender al the basal fourth, then suddenly broader and parallel toward the apex.
Those of the female are similar to the preceding sp tcies.

Length .19-.25 inch.

Occurs at San Diego, Lower California, and Arizona.

Ml the preceding species, excepting gagates, have ferruginous legs.

i i is. n. <j.

The above generic name is suggested for two species of Blapstinus differing from the
typical form in having the anterior tibiae more dilated, emargiuate at apex, with the outer
angle prolonged. The species resemble Trichoton.

Thorax gradually narrowing from base to apex. obliquus.

Thorax as wide at middle as at base. crassus.

I obliquus, Lee, Blapstinus New Species, p. 117.

The thorax gradually narrows from base to apex. The surface is sparsely clothed
with short brownish hairs.
I ,ength .'-VI inch.
From Cape San Lucas, Lower California.

Y. crassus, Lee, Blapstinus) Ann. Lye. V.,146.

The sides of the thorax are more strongly rounded and as wide at middle as at base.

The vestiture of the surface consists of ochreous scale-like hairs, rather densely placed.
Length .22-,26 inch.
From around San Francisco, California.

TRIBE XXII — OPATRINI.

Mentum small, supported by a distinct gular peduncle; head deeply inserted, always
more or less emarginate in front; eyes variable, coarsely granulated, rarely divided;
labium visible; antennae gradually clavate or with the last three joints suddenly broader;
intercoxal process of abdomen usually broad, truncate ; anterior tibiae (of our genera) broad,
triangular, spurs distinct; tarsi of male not dilated.

There can he no point of difference given between this tribe and the preceding that
will no1 he found subject to some exceptions. The simple tarsi of tin' male is that one
however, most to he relied on, taken in connection with other characters which, though
of small value, show this tribe to be abundantly a distinct type from the preceding.
Among these maj be classed the broader head, verj deeply inserted, almost concealing
the eyes from above, and with a more prominent epistoma. The mentum also, is simple,
never sub-trilohed as in many of the genera of l'edinini. The small number of genera in

NORTH OF Mi.\r 0. 359

our fauna renders it uuadvisable to cut it further into the discussion of this qu sstion. I o
those who desire to pursue it furth t. the works of Laoordaire and Mulsant afford abund-
ant 1IH Mil-.

The following table exhibits our genera.

Tilii.il -puis small; last joint of maxillary palpi tria

Ajiterior tibuB slightly dilated, outer angle prolonged; antenna! with the last four joints

suddenly broader; iuiercoxal process ai ammodoncb.

interior tibias broad, triangular; antcunx with gradually broader .]■ >itit ^: sh -u -.

Tibial spurs very large; li^t . j < » i • > t of maxillary palpi oval.

Intercoxal process triangular, acute; eyes large. i ••> mi pi \ti a.

lutercoxal process very broad, rounded; ey»s absent. m,ai

Each of the above genera may be considered as th ■ representative <>!' a distinct sub-
tribe. The characters of each will be given in more <1 (tail as ; ous is considered.

WIMuliuM S. Muls.
Ammodonus, Muls., Opusc. Ent. Cahier X. p. 14m.

Body oval, nioderatelj com \. ■ Epistoma rather broadl) emargiuate. Eyes coarselj
granidated, emarginate in front by the sid of the head. Last joint of maxillary palpi
feebly triangular. Antenna' longer than the li sad, first two joints thicker, third joint
larger than the fourth, joints four to seven gradually shorter and more transverse, eight
to eleven rather suddenly broader. Prothorax applied against the base oi elytra. Scu-
tellum small. Elytra! epipleurse graduall) narrower toward ap \. 1 xtending slightl)
yond the fourth ventral suture. Anterior tibia? gradually wider, external apical angle
much prolonged and acute. Tibial spurs small. Middle and hind tibia; slender. First
and Last joints of hind tarsi equ d and longer than second and third together. Int. rcoxal
process of abdomen triangular, acute. Hind margin of third and fourth ventral segments
distinctly sub-coriaceous and feeblj arcuate. 15 >d_\ win:; ;d.

A. fossor, r, i-c.. Opatrum Journ. Acad., id Series, 1. p. 92; Muls. .\mmodonus Opusc. Ent. Call. X. p. ill.

The generic characters are of such a nature as render- any detailed description of the
unique species unnecessary. The margin <>f the bodj is fringed with -hurt hair-, the sur-
face black, but denselj clothed with ash-colored scales. On the elytra the vestiture i- less
dense, and three series of rounded spots are visible on each elytron, in which the scales
are paler and inure densely placed. The under surface and legs are paler and the scales
sparselj scattered.

I .eu-th .1 B-.22 inch.

\"t common in collections. It has 1 n found in considerable numbers burrowing in

the -and in the neighborhood of Trenton, and at Bath, Long Island.

360 REVISION OF THE TENEBRN >NII>.i: OF AMERICA,

EPHALTJS, Lee.
Bphalus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p. 327.

Broadly oval, convex, resembling Ccelus. Epistoma deeply emarginate, sides of fronf
slightly sinuous, forming an angle in front of the eyes, which are feebly emarginate. Last
joint of maxillary palpi feebly triangidar, longer than broad. Antenna? ver) shorl clavate,
first two joints broader, second and third equal in length, four to eL ven verj short, trans-
verse and perfoliate, the last joint being slightly narrower and longer than the preceding.
Thorax applied against the base of elytra. Scutellum small, transverse. Epipleura? broad,
concave, incomplete behind. Intercoxal process of abdomen short, obtuse in front Hind
margins ol third and fourth ventral segments distinctly sub-coriaceous, feebly annate. An-
terior tibia? flat, triangular, outer apical angle not prolonged. Spurs small. Hind tarsi
with the last joint slightly longer than the first, and hoth longer than the second and
third together. Bod) apterous.

The form of the anterior tibiae and intercoxal process of abdomen, and more especially
the structure of the antenna?, indicate this genus as the type of a sub-tribe distinct from
that represented by the preceding genus, differing also from the Stizopodes of Lacordaire
or any of the " Branches" defined by Mulsant.

E. latimanus, Lee, (Heliopates) Journ. Acad. Series 2, 1, p. 02.

Form similar to Ccelus or Eusattus eonvexus. Black, opaque. Margin of body fringed
with yellowish hairs Surface rather densely muricately punctured, each puncture bearing
a small yellowish hair. Elytra very faintly sub-striate.

Length .30-.36, width .20-.24 inch.

Rather rare in the Xew England States.

CNEMEPLATIA, Costa.
To this genus I refer a very rare insect collected by myself in Owens' Valley, Califor-
nia. Specimens of the rare European species of Cnemeplatia are before me, and I am un-
able to detect any differences not within the bounds ol generic limitation. The epistoma
is rather more deeply emarginate and the edge slightly more reflexed. The front in Cne-
meplatia has a slight impression on either side, not evident in this insect. The epipleura
are entire in hoth. and the intercoxal process triangular and acute. The palpi are rather
short, the last joint of maxillary oval. The antenna? are similarly constructed, although
the last three joints are in the California species somewhat broader. Both species are
winged. The (interior tibia? are triangular and the spurs large.

('. se ricca, elongate oval, sub-parallel, moderately convex. Head Bub-quadrangnlar, broader than long, emar-
ginate in front and with slightly reflexed margin, eyes prominent, feebly emarginate in front, surface feeblj convex,
denselj and Bnely punctured, aud densely clothed with a yellowish, grey, recumbent silken pubescence. Thorax tra-
pezoidal, sliylitly narrower behind and broader than long, moderate!] couvex, densely and finely punctured and densely

NORTH OF MEXICO. 361

clothed :>^ tin- bead; anteriorly feebly ei angles obtuse, sides feeblj rounded, base rounded, angles n<

reel ingular. Elytra elongate oval, sub-parallel, apex obtuse, lose feeblj einarginate, humeri moderately prominent ;
moderately convex above with striae of coarse punctures, and clothed as in the bead and thorax. I n ler surface "i
bodj finer) punctured and pubescent, the under surface i f thorax and protli i densely.

Within each hind angle the base of the prothorax is a rather broad impression, ren-
dering the middle of the base more prominent ; there is also a slight impression opposite
the scutellum. The pubescence of the upper surface is uniformly distributed on each of
the divisions except on the elytra, where a sub-transverse triangular spot more denuded
is seen at the middle of the lateral margin and mid-way between this and the apex. 'I ;
spots are broadest at the margin and are present on both sides of the two specimens in my

p ion. As compared with the European sp icies, the thorax is longer, less narrowed

behind and feebly emarginate in front ; the base slightij narrower than, and the apex
equal to, the width of the elytra! base. Tl id color of the insect i- reddish brown

one of the specimens being rather darker.

Length .12 inch.

Hare in Owens' Valley, California, under stom s

ALAUDES, n. g.

Anterior tibiae broad, triangular, spurs very large. Intercoxal process of abdo
short, broad, rounded in front. Head transverse, broader behind, emarginate in fi
sinuate ok the sides. Eyes absent. Antenna' ten-jointed, first two thicker, intermediate
short, broader than long, compactly placed, last three forming an oval compact club, of
which the terminal joint is longer. Mentuin very short, transverse; ligula not promi-
nent; palpi very short. Maxillary palpi short, last joint oval, slightly arcuate. Gular
region prominent, peduncle of mentum broad, emarginate, angles prominent forward.
Prost mum not prominent. Thorax very transverse. Elytra elongate oval, straight on
the sides, connate ; body apterous. Scutellum transverse. Hind tarsi with the first joint
rather shorter than the last.

Tin absence of eyes and the form of the intercoxal process of the abdomen will serve
to distinguish this genus from any of those with triangular tibiae and with the last joi
the maxillary palpi oval. The margin of the head is slightly sinuate at the position usu-
ally occupied by the eyes, and the anterior and posterior canthi of the eye here are in
contact. I! meath the margin of the front the side of the he id forms a broa 1 groove, near
the anterior limit of which the antenna' as usual, arise. This broad _ maj be con-

sidered a- merel) the continuation of that in which the antenna' usually arise, owing to
absence of any prominence in the region of the eye. The gular region is flat, suddenly
declivous on the sides; the lateral margins converge to the front, where it is d eply emar-
ginate, with the angles prominent. The mentum is situated at the bottom of this semi-

AMERT. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV.—

3()2 REVISION OF THE TENKHKloN liu: OF AMERICA,

lunar emargination, shorl and transverse. The ligula is almost entirely concealed. The
mandibles are anteriorly emarginate at tip. The parapleural of the metathorax appear to
be connate with the sternum, at least the sutures cannot be detected with Mich micro-
scopic power as can be used. The prothorax is very short, nearly three times as broad
as long, broadly emarginate in front, trisinuate at base. At the middle of the base of the
thorax, opposite the scutellum, is a very abrupt and deep depression, and between it and
each angle a moderate sinuation. The elytra have also a scutellar depression opposite
thai of the prothorax. The humeri are distinct and the base feebly emarginate.

A. singularis, oval, browijish, sub-depressed. Eead and thorax Pdensely and coaiselj punctured densely
i [othed uiili yellowisli scales, of which som ■ ai*e larger and more prominent. Thorax slightly uarrower I" hind, sides

. rounded, hind angles obtuse. Elytra with nine rows of large punctures, the interspaces bearing short, thick,
. .iii- yellow hairs distantly placed. Head, prothorax and legs beneath clothed with yellowish scales, the
n"-t of the surface coarsely but sparsely punctured, and with :i few scattered scales.

Length .06 inch.

The head and thera\ are so closely covered hy scales that it is impossible to tell
whether there is any puncturing or not. With the exception of the erect capitate hairs,
the elytra are not clothed, and the surface is rather reddish brown and moderately sinning.
This inseel is l>\ far the most interesting and singular of any of those discovered by
myself in California, and adds another to the list, still very limited, of blind Tenebrionidse,
and is the only blind insect known from California. The specimens are very rare and
found living with a small black ant under stones. They are difficult to obtain, owing to
their rarity, the peculiar conditions demanded as a residence hy the ant and hy the ex-
cessive numbers of the latter when found, rendering it very troublesome to search care-
l'ull\ in their neighborhood.

TRIBE XXIII — CRYPTICINI.

Hind coxae moderatel) distant, oblique. Head inserted as far as eyes, which are small
and reniform and not coarselj granulated. Antenna' slender, outer joints rounded.
slightlj thicker. Prosternum prolonged, mesosternum concave. Anterior coxae nearly
round, middle coxae with distinct trochantin. Tarsi spinous beneath; first joint of land

tarsi verj long.

CRYPTICUS, Lair.

Crypticus, Latr., Regne A.nim. ed. 1. III. p. 298.

One genus and species constitute this tribe in our fauna, easily known by its oval dc-
pressed form, resembling somewhat an Hydroporus.

('. obsol< i ns. Say, Journ. Ami. III. 365.

Lengl li . i I .16 inch.

Occurs in the Southern Atlantic region.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 363

TRIBE X.\l\ — ULOMINI.

Body elongate oval, usually somewhal depressed. Head deeply inserted in prothorax,
short, frequentlj broad and emarginate in front, frontal suture always distinct. Labruni
usually prominent, transverse. Mentum variable in most of the genera, trilobed, with the
middle lobe prominent. Maxillary palpi with the lasl joint usually triangular, sometimes
elongate oval. Antennae graduall) thickened toward apex, (rarely with the terminal
joints forming a club) and more or less perfoliate ; third joint not very long. Eyes vari-
able, always more or less emarginate by the sides of the iron! and the sides of the I
behind, never entirelj divided. Anterior coxae substransverse or sub-cylindrical, middle
coxae without trochantin. [ntercoxal process of abdomen acute or oval, never broad.
Tarsi pubescenl beneath, last joint elongated. Tibial -pur- always visible, never verj
large. Body winged, rarely apterous.

The tribes of the famil} Tenebrionidae are all difficult of definition, and no one is pro- ■
bably more troublesome than this one. and it is only on the table of characters given

*

above, taken as a whole, that the tribe must be considered as limited. In the structure
of the antenna' and the absence of trochantin to the middle coxae, we find the only point-
of difference between the Ulomini and Tenebrionini. The Diap irini are -till less distinct,
for with a form of antenna not unlike (though at times sub-serrate) we find the structure
of the front offering the most striking points of difference. In Diaperini the eyes are
always round, prominent, feebly emarginate in front and always more prominent than the
genae. In the course of tin study it has seemed advisable to preserve the Diaperini dis-
tinct from the Ulomini, in lieu of uniting them, a- ha- been done by Duval. It- compo-
sition i- here substantially that of Lacordaire, less Hypophlceus and some genera unknown
to him by specimens. The tribe Kypophlceini of Leconte appears to me untenable, the
character defining it, the invisibility of the clypeal membrane, i- not constant and the
membrane is frequently visible in some of the genera of Tenebrionini ami Pedinini. The
genus Prataeus, Lee, i- found to have a faintly sub-bilobed penultimate tarsal joint and a
sculpture strongly recalling Anaedus, etc., and has Keen united with the Heterotarsini.
As defined, the tribe ha- man} genera ; some new to our fauna are now added, while
other- entirely new are indicated.

The following table exhibits the character- of our genera, a- fir a- can he done in a

-\ noptic table.

A. Antenmr with the la-t two or three joints suddenly broader.

Epipleurae very narrow at tip; antenna! club three-jointed. tribolium.

Epipleurae distinct at tip; antennal club two-jointed. dioedus.

1!. Antenna' gradually broader toward the tip.

364 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDjE OF AMERICA,

Base of thorax applied against the bases of the elytra, or some-
what distant from them; never overlapping.
Head ol male either tuberculate or horned, and last joint of
maxillary palpi oval; mentnm small.
Head of male tuherculate; mandibles withahom above.

Mandibles above broad, recurved, and nol toothed, gnathocerus.
Mandibles above slender, incurved and toothed. i.< ia>< i
Head of male with two long horns, arising within and

alin\ e tin' eves. EVOPLUS.

Head ol' male not tuberculate; last joint of maxillary palpi
triangular; mentum moderate.
Epipleura? entire

Anterior tibiae slender, similar to the middle tibia?.
Head of male with two tubercles above ; femora

mutic. ulosonia.

Head of male simple; femora broad and with a

broad tooth near apex. merotemnus.

Anterior tibia? more or less dilated, broader than
the middle tibia?.
Prosternum prolonged; mesosternum deeply

emarginate. mycotrogus.

Prosternum not prolonged; mesosternum very
slightlj concave.
Front tibia? not denticulate; last joint of

anteniue quadrangular, truncate. APHANOTIJS.
front tibia? finelj denticulate; last joint

of antenna' oval. ALPHITOBIUS.

Epipleura? abbreA lated.

Anterior tibia? slender.

First joint of hind tarsi long. cv.x.i:rs.

First joint of hind tarsi short. METAi USA.

Anterior tibia? broad, serrate. ULOMA.

Base of thorax margined, hind angles covering the humeral angles
of the elytra ; outer joints of antenna? not perfoliate.
Anterior tibia? slightly dilated, finely denticulate. Epipleura?
abbreviated. Last joint of maxillary palpi broadly
triangular. EUTOCHIA.

NORTB OF MEXICO. 365

TKII'.Ol.H'M. 1/

Tribolium, MacLeay, Anmilos. Javan., p. 47.

The mentum in this genus is very nearly square, with rounded anterior angles. The
last joint oi the maxillary palpi elongate oval, truncate at apex. Antenna' slender, last
three joints suddenlj dilated, forming a flattened club, truncate al apex. The epipleurae
are entire but ex tremel) narrow al tip. Anterior tibiae very feebly dilated and percepti-
bly broader than those of the middle pair.
1 wo species are known in our lamia.

T. feriugi neum, Fab., I Wollaston Tribolium).

T. madens, < harp., Tenebrio : Redtenbacher Tribolium .

The former species is ferruginous, the latter black. Length .16-.20 inch. The latter
species is the larger. A.s these two species are imported and full descriptions and details
of synonymy are given in many readilj accessible works on European Coleoptera, it is
deemed unnecessarj to repeat them.

Both species are found abundantly wherever meal or grain is stored.

DICEDUS, Lee.
Dioedus, Class. Col. N. A.. 238. New Species, p. 132.

Mi ntum trapezoidal, narrower behind, anterior angles distinct, convex along the me-
dian line and coarsely punctured. Last joint of maxillary palpi elongate oval, scarcelj
compressed. Antenna' with the first joint cylindrical, thick, last two joints suddenly
broader, compressed and pilose, the last joint being the larger. Epipleurae entire, as broad
at apex as at middle, [ntercoxal process of abdomen moderate, rounded at tip. Anterior
tibiae slightly dilated, outer apical angle distinct, external edge with a few small teeth,
spurs rather large.

1). ]i ii n <• I ;i t u s. Lee, loc. ril.

\ small, elongate oval, black species, with the head and thorax and elytra! striae
coarsely punctured. The elytra have eight striae but no scutellar stria. In the specimens
in my possession the suture defining the epistoma is quite distinct, the line being darker
and smoother than the rest of the front. The epistoma is narrow, short and semilunar

Length .10-.15 inch. Found rather abundantly under pine bark, over our whole
country.

UNATHOCERFS, Thunb.
Qnathocerus, Thunbi rg . \ ■■'. Holm. ls| t. p, it.

Mentum small, trapezoidal. Maxillarj palpi elongate oval, very obliquelj truncal
tip. Epipleurae short. Baseofthorax rather distant from base ol elytra. Hi id with

IMKBI. run —vm.. xiv.

366 REVISION OF THE TKM.HKK >XII>.K <>K AMERICA,

two short horns between the eyes. Mandibles ($) with a broad ramus ascending above
the head, the inner being simple and the apex curved backward. Side margin of head (*,)
broadly fbliaceous and prominent in front of each eye. Eyes deeply emarginate in front
and behind and nearlj divided. Middle ofepistoma prominent; on each side emarginate
for the ramus of the mandible. Antennae gradually dilated. Anterior and middle tibiae
similar, not dilated.

G cornutus, Fab., Trogosita ; Thunberg., Gnathocerus : Lucas, Cerandria .

\- this insect has been introduced and is l>\ no means common in tins country, the
student is referred for a fuller description and an excellent figure to Duval. Gen. Col.
Europe.

Length .18-.20 inch.

The <ml\ specimen known to me was found in California, inside of an army biscuit

ECHOCERUS, n. g.

This generic name is suggested for Gnathocerus maxillosus, which differs from the
type of the genus in which has been placed, in the following particulars;

Eyes rounded, prominent, feebly emarginate in front and not all behind. Sides of
front less foliaceous and not prominent. Antenna; more or less robust, last joint sub-
quadrate. Superior ramus of mandibles more slender, toothed and incurved. First
joint of bind tarsi not longer than the second and third.

E. maxillosus, Fab., Trogosita ; Mann., Cerandria).

This is also an introduced insect, found principally in the Southern States.

Length .12 inch.

EVOPLTJS, Lee.
Evoplus, Lee, New Species, 128.

The description of Dr. Leconte (loc. cit.) leaves nothing to be desired, and is so recent

as to render it unnecessary to repeat any portion of it alter the table of genera already
given.

E. ferruginous, Lee, NeM Species, p. 1-'s.

This genus is undoubtedly near that described as Peneta, and probably forms a link
between it and Gnathoct rus.
Length .20 inch.
Found heretofore only in Louisiana.

rjLOSONIA, Casteln.

I losonin, Casteln., Ili-t. Nat. des Coleopt. II. p. 320

Although the head of the male is here (in our species) tuberculate, or in some species
homed, the maxillary palpi have the last joint broadly triangular or securiform. Epi-
pleurae entire. interior tibiae slender.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 3(il

1 . marginata, Lee, I loina Ann. Lye. V. 140; I toxemia Gen. Col. N. A., p.

Similar in form to Noma, with the margin of the elytra i "e reflexed.

I length .:!:'> inch.

Found under Cottonwood bark, along the Gila and Colorado Rivers.

MEROTEMNUS, . g.

This name is suggested li>i an elongate Ulomide with entire epipleurae and slender
fronl tibiae, differing from CJlosonia in the epistoma more prominent, suture not impressed,
fronl not tuberculate. Femora clavate and flattened, emarginate at tip, and with a broad
tooth at the emargination, on the middle and hind femora.

M. elongatus, elongate, sub-parallel, modi mvex shining, ferruginous brown. Head moderately con-

rex, sparsely and finely punctured, not tuberculate, frontal suture nol impressed. Thorax sub-quadrate, one-fifth
broader than long, sides nearly parallel, very feebly rounded, margin distinct, slightly reflexed, apex emarginate, an-
gles no) prominent, i>a^ almost truncate, angles rectangular; iUm- sparsely and finely punctured. Elytra elon|
more than twice longer than broad, sides slightlj converging toward apex, base truncate on'eai h side, emarginate ai
middle, slightlj broader than base of thorax, angles rectangular; nnV entire and '>n<- short scutellar stria, moderately
punctured, interstices convex, si th. Beneath very finely and sparsely punctured. Body winged.

Length .-M inch.

The femora of this insect arc much more stronglj clavate than any other of our genera
ofUlomini. The anterior femur i> not emarginate near the apex, but slightly sinuous,
the middle and hind pairs distinctly emarginate, the tooth of the latter being quite large
and rather acute at tip.

One specimen is known to me, presented to Dr. Leconte bj Mr. like, who received it
from California.

MYCOTROGUS, . g.

This genus differs from all our other genera ofUlomini in having the presternum pro-
longed, mucronate and with a deeply emai'ginate mesosternum. From Ereltu, Muls. il
differs in the tuberculate head, the convex mentum with the middle lobe rather promi-
nent in front. The third joint of the antenna' is longer than the fourth. The epipleurae
are entire, nearlj as broad at apex as at middle, the anterior tibiae dilated, verj finely
denticulate and slightly arcuate. The hind tarsi have the fii-st joint longer than the
-en. nd and third. Body winged.

\\ pi ceil 1. depressed, piceous, black, shining. Head rather densely punctured, suture of epis-
toma impressed, epistoma and sides of front ferruginous. Thorax sparsely punctured, broader than long, feeblj con-
vex, sides i Icrately rounded and margined, gradually narrowing to apex, which is rather deeply emarginate, i

prominent, nol acute; base strongly sinuate, hind angles rectangular. Elytra oval, one-half longer than broad, feebly
rounded on the sidi il middle and truncate a) sides; apex obtusely rounded. Disc with eight

entire and a short Bcutellar stria of moderate punctures. Rtrire feebly impressed Beneath sparsel) and finely punc-
tured. Antenna' and legs palei

Length .'.'I inch.

368 REVISION OF THE TKNEBRIONIOjE OF AMERICA,

Above each eye in this insect is a rather small tubercle, similar to that seen in our
species of Qlosonia .. The frontal suture is also similarly impressed and the epistoma
convex. One specimen is known, of similar derivation as that of the preceding »vmis.

\| angustus, brownish ferruginous, moderately shining, elongate oval, parallel. Head rathei coarsely bui
sparselj punctured. Thorax --li^lit 1 \ broader than long, feebly convex, coarselj bui sparse!) and irregularly punc-
tured; apex emarginate, angles uot prominent; base bisinuate, angles rectangular; sides anteriorly rounded, posterior
three-fourths straight and parallel, finely margined, margin slight!) reflexed. Elytra elongate, parallel, apex obtuse,
base emarginate at middle, with eight striae of elongate punctures, one marginal and a very indistinct scutellar stria;
interstices flat, finely and sparsely punctured. Propleurse coarsely but sparsely punctured, pectus and abdomen finely
and sparsely punctured, Bmooth and shining.

Length .10 .20 inch

Camp Grant, Arizona, under Cottonwood bark.

The male is narrower but smaller than the female, and the frontal tubercles distinct.
though less prominent than in the preceding species. The base of the thorax has also a
distinct impression on each side, scarcely evident in the female. This species .differs from
the preceding in its more elongate and less depressed form, its color and the form of the
thorax. In pia m the thorax gradually narrows from base to apex, in angustus the thorax
is rounded only in front, while the posterior three-fourths are straight and parallel,

APHANOTUS, Lee.

Aphauotus, tar.. Gen. Col. \". A., p. 233.

In addition to the characters given in the synoptic table, the following will serve to
render this genus more certain of recognition, when all the foreign genera of the tribe are
taken into consideration.

Epistoma truncate in front, convex at middle, slightly concave on the sides, suture in-
distinct. Eyes \ei\ deepl) emarginate in front, superior portion elongate, oblique. An-
tennae short, rather robust ; first and second joints thicker than the third; second short.
nearly globular ; third slightly longer than fourth; joints four to eleven verj gradually
broader, last joint larger and truncate at tip. The hind taisi are short, first joint equal
to the two intermediate, and last joint slightly longer than the first. Intercoxal process
rounded at tip.

■\. brevicornis, Lee, (Eulabis) Proc. Acad. [859, \<. 78.

The head and thorax are coarsely, the latter rather densely punctured. The elytra
are sculptured with rows of faintly impressed punctures, the interstices of which are flat
except at middle, when they form a moderately elevated tine line.

I length .'-'•"> inch.
From ( 'alilornia.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 369

A LPHITOB1 IS. Sleph.

Alphitobius, Stephens, Must. Brit. Ent. V. p. 11.

A. diaperiuus, Pnnzer, Teuebrio); Wollaston, Alphitobius).
A. piceus, Oliv., Helops ; Mills., (Alphitobius).

These two insects are not natives of onr country, and therefore require no special men-
tion. For full description, both of genus and species, the student is referred to the works
nil the species ol the various European local fauna?. Large numbers are occasionallj
brought in vessels from various parts of the world. A few years since a vessel arrived at
Philadelphia from Sierra Leone, the c irgo of which was plentifully overrun by the latti c
species. A.s far as I can discover, all the specimens found arc direct importations, and
they (In not appear to propagate.

I 5 VKI S, Lee.

Cynseus, Lee, Gen. Col. X. A., p.

The eyes are rather large and convex, deeplj emarginate in front, slightly behind ;
inferior portion of the eye large. Antenna; with the third joint nearly equal to fourth
and fifth ; joints five tn ten transverse, last joint oval. Hind tarsi slender, first joint long.

C. anguatua, Lee, (Plalydema Ann. Lye. V. 149.

Thorax broad, equalling one-and-a-half times the length, emarginate in front, sides
strongly rounded, not narrowing in front, as broad as the elytra. Elytra feebly striate.
stria- punctured, interstices feeblj convex, densely and finely punctured.

Length .20-.22 inch.

Found in the Colorado Desert of California, probably near Vallecito.

C. ilc p it S S il S, II. sp.

Differs from the preceding as follows: Thorax less transverse, nearly truncate at apex.
sides very feebly rounded, narrowing in front. Base narrower than the base of elytra.
Striae of elytra not deep, more evident at apex, interstices more sparsely punctured. In
both species the head and thorax are rather densely, but not coarsely punctured.

Length .22-.30 inch.

Occurs in the southern Coast Range ol California.

METACLISA, Duoal.

Metaclisa, Duval, Gen. Col. Europe. Ill, p. 200.

In this genus the mentum is distinctly trilobed in front, the middle lobe prominent,
lateral lobes inflexed. The anterior tibite are slender, the epipleurae short and the Hist
joint of the hind tarsi not longer than the two succeeding joints together.

M. marginalia, piceoua 1 «1 1 ek, shining, elongate oval, sub-parallel. Head slightly broader than long, feebly
emarginate in front, coarsely but not densely punctured, cpiatoiua paler and the mora finely and densely punctured.

AM Kit I. PIULOSO. sue. — VOL. XIV.-

370 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIOffi OF AMERICA,

Thorax one-third broader than long, moderately convex, coarsely bul sparsely puuctured, anteriorly emargiuate, an-
gles no) prominent, base broadly sinuous, sides moderately rounded, gradually narrowing toward apex, margin
slightly reflexed. Elytra elongate oval, parallel, sub-depressed; with eighl entire and ;i short scutellar stria; striaB
punctured; interstices flat, very feebly and rather sparsely punctured. Bcueath ferruginous brown, sparsely bul
ely punctured.

inch.

The uppei surface is piceous black and shining, excepl the basal, sutural and lateral
margins of the elytra, the lateral and apical margins of the thorax and the epistoma, which
are ferruginous brown ; the under surface and legs arc similar in color, but paler.

Occurs in Northern California and along the high regions of the Southern Sierras,
under bark in fungus.

THARSUS, Lee.
Tharsus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p. -.'::::.

For the present this genus is retained as distinct, differing however, by some slight
characters which are at present considered valid. The mentum is here trapezoidal, not
trilobed in front hut rounded, the anterior angles are slightly indexed and the middle Hat.
coarsely punctured, net promim nt. The last joint of the maxillary palpi is triangular,
nut securiform. The front tibiae as in Metaclisa, are similar, and the epipleurae short. The
hind tarsi are short, the first joint not equalling the second and third together.

'I', scditiosus, Lee, New Species, p. 132.

Resembles a small Uloma. For a description the student is referred to the rather re-
cent description of Dr. Leconte.
Length .20-.24 inch.
Rather abundant in the Gulf States.

ULOMA, Cast.
Uloma, Cast., 111m. Nat. Ins. Col. II. 219.

Easily distinguished from all our genera of the tribe, by its short epipleurae and di-
lated, denticulate anterior tibia;. The mentum is variable, frequently trilobed in front,
with the lateral lobes indexed.

Our species are numerous. From their mode of life some species have become widely
diffused and almost cosmopolite.

The following table will serve to aid in distinguishing our species:

Lower edge of anterior femora feebly channeled along their entire length.
Epistoma feebly emarginate or truncate.
Fast joint oi antennae rounded at tip.

Middle plate of mentum elongate oval; interatrial spaces

of elytra entirely smooth. impressa.

NORTH OF MEXICO.

371

Middle plate of mentum transversely oval; interstrial

spaces of elytra denselj punctulate. punctulata.

Last joint of antennae oblique, pointed. imberbis.

Epistoma deepl) emarginate. longula.

Lower edge of anterior femora with a broad fossa near the tip, and

^lightl) emarginate. mentalis.

The groove of the lower edge of the anterior femora differs but little in the first five
5. and is limited anteriorly by a ridge extending from the base to the apex, so that
the lower edge of the femur when viewed from the front is verj nearlj a straight line. In
the last species however, the channel is replaced by a broad fossa rather deep ;r than the
groove in the other species, defined anteriorly by a ridge, not extending to the base, which
when viewed from the front appears emarginate near the apex of the lemur. The remain-
ing characters in the table are sufficiently plain to be readily recognised.

I", i in y ressa, Mels., Pro< \ ad. '■'■■ 64.

Our largest species, and for a long time considered identical with the Europ hi culi-
)Mri8, from which it differs bj its larger size and different sculpture of mentum (See I.e.

eelite. New Specie-. ]i. 1 •_>:$).

I length .4(i inch.

Occurs abundantly everywhere in the Eastern and Middle Stat

r. imberbis, Lee, New Species, \>. 123.

Similar in form and sculpture to the preceding, differing however, in the transverse
middle plate of mentum and the form of the last joint of the antennae.
Length .32-.36 inch.
Occur- with the preceding, but less common, more abundant in the Southern v

V". men! ;i 1 i s. n. sp.

Similar in form and sculpture to imberbis, but differs in having a rather less robust
form and a stouter thorax. The terminal joint of the antennae is rounded at tip, not
oblique. The anterior femur has near it- apex a rather broad fossa replacing the entire
groove of the other species. The edge does not extend from apex to base, and is not a
straighl line, but sinuous at the position of the fossa. The middle plate of mentum is
deepl] concave, smooth and shining, with the edge somewhat thickened in the male (fe-
male not seen). The epistoma i- more nearly truncate than any other of our species.

Length :■'< I inch.

Two specimens from Texas and Kansas.

r. longula, Lee, Pi \' .a. 1861, p

More elongate ami parallel. Epistoma deeply emarginate. Anterior lemur grooved,

372 REVISION' OF THE TKNEl'.IilONIH.i: OF AMERICA,

edge entire and straight. Last joint of antennae rounded at tip. Striae feebl] impressed,
interstices flat, smooth. The form of mentum is more nearly allied to impressa, being
scarcelj broader than long, rather strongly punctured, and with a groove on each side,
the lateral lobes air not distinct.

Length .36—42 inch.

Occurs in Northern California. m

tJ. 1 1 ii n c t ii 1 a i .i . Lea, NY\\ Species, p. 10 1: cava, I. re. ii>iil .

The two species above cited arc united under the name most applicable to them. The
differences of sculpture are hut light and vanish in the larger series now at my disposal.
The form is elongate oval, sub-parallel, as in the last species. Its color is uniformly fer-
ruginous. The thorax usuallj parallel behind the middle. Epistoma very feebly emar-
ginate. Last joint of antenna; rounded at tip. Femora with entire groove, [nterstrial
spaces of elytra rather densely punctured and feebly convex.

Length .28-.3S inch.

Texas, Louisiana, and Florida.

In the preceding short descriptions only the more important and peculiar characteris-
tics of each species noted. The species of Uloma have a remarkable resemblance to each
other, and the continuous repetition of similar forms of expression has here, as elsewhere
in this paper, been deemed altogether unnecessary.

EUTOCHIA, Lee.

Eutocliia, Lee., Cluss. Col. N. A., \<. 238.
Delopygus, Lee, New Species, p. 129.

On renewed examination the differences between these two genera appear to he so

slight as to warrant their union. The epipleiinc of the elytra do not extend to the tip in
( ither genus, and the very slight difference in degree ol serration oi the anterior tibiae is
barely specific, and what might be expected to occur in species of different size.

E. picca, Mels., (Uloma) Proc. Acad. 3, G4; Loc, Eutoohin loc. cit.
Black and shining, oval, convex.
Length .:^-i inch.
Occurs rather abundantly in the Middle States.

E. creuata, Lee, (Delopygus) New Species, 129.

Smaller, more elongate and less convex than the preceding, brownish in color, with
the sutural and lateral margins of elytra paler.
Length .22 inch.
Occurs in Texas.

NORTH OF MEXICO.
TRIBE \\\ — III. II ROT VRSINI.

Head not deeply inserted, eyes large, coarsely granulated. Antennae graduall) thicker.
Middle coxae with distinct trochantin. Tibial spurs small. Penidtimate joint of tarsi
inure or less bilobed. Tarsi with coarse pubescence beneath.

These few characters will serve to render the tribe easj of recognition and separation
from an) of the neighboring tribes. It appears more closely allied to the Tenebrionini
than to the tribes immediatelj preceding or following. I'he tribe i- a small one. and com-
posed in our fauna of but three genera, easil) known by the very coarse punctures with
which the) are ornamented, and may be distinguished a- follows:

Antenna? very gradually thicker ; epipleurae entire but narrower at tip ;

body pubescent. a.x.km s.

Antenna' with the last three joints larger.

Margin of thorax denticulate; bodj pubescent. paratenetps.

Margin of thorax not denticulate; bodj glabrous. prat^ei 5.

AN. KIM>. Blanch.
Ansodus, Blanch., Bist. X ; 1 1 . In-. II. p. :;">.
A. brunneus, Zieg., Pandaras) Proc. Acad. 2, I"i.

The margin of thorax of this species i- very distinct and reflexed, and the hind angles
prominent.

Length .22 inch.

Abundant under bark, in the Middle State-.

A. rotundicollis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, p. 150.

The margin of thorax i- very narrow, and the hind angles much less prominent than

the preceding specie-.

Length .1 7 inch.

From the De-ert of the (,i!;i River of Arizona.

•

r \i;.\ti:m:ti -. Sj ■ ■/„.

Paratenetus, Spinoln, M.>n.'^. Clerites, II. p. 118.

P. ]> ii uctatus, 3olii i 1 1. Ult. 5.

Thorax with sides rounded in front, gradually narrowing behind the middle.

Length . 12-.16 inch.

Abundant in the Middle and Eastern States.

I'. ruscus, Lee., A.gass. Lake Superior, p. 223.

Differs from punclalus by smaller siz :, more robust form, more convex thorax and

elytra, the latter -holler and more rounded on the sides. The sides of the thorax are

AMEllI. PHIL080. SOO.- -\ "I.. XIV.— '.I I

'■',', I RETISI0N OF Till: 1 lAKIiKHiNID.K OF AMERII \.

strong;l\ rounded from tin- front to tin ■ hind angles, which are also less distinct than in
punctaftis.

I, ngth .08-.10 inch.

Occurs in Cana la and the States bord (ring the Great Lakes.

In Bull. Mom-. L868, p. 192-3, Motschulskj has indicated two species from the South-
ern States unknown to me.

The following table gives the sp icies nun .1 bj him :

- of bhorax Ave toothed.

Thorax and elytra unequally punctured. punctatus, Sol.

I , i ■ and elytra equallj punctured. Thora* cordate, hiud angles prominent, cribratus, Motsch,
Sides of thorax three t i ithed,

Elytra gibl -. antennal mass »lorous. gibbipennis, Motsch.

I'KAT.Kl'S. Le.c.
Pratseus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p, 238; New 5] tes, p. 131.

This genus has been removed from the association in which it was placed by Dr. Le-
conte, as on renewed examination with fine specimens the penultimate joint of the tarsi is
found to resemble thai of the i ther genera of Hetei'otarsini, although less distinctly lobed.
It maj readily be Known by the sub-quadrate thorax, not denticulate; epipleurae broad at
tip; body glabrous, strongly punctured.

I'. I'm si' ii i n s . Lee, loc. lit.
Length .1 1 inch.

Specimens are reported from \'< \\ York and South Carolina; it probably occurs every-
where in the Atlantic region, though rare.

TRIBE XXVJ — TRACHYSCELINI.

Mentum small, supported by a distinct gular peduncle; ligula and maxilla? exposed,
interior coxae sub-transverse, middle coxa' with distinct trochantin. Tibia? all more or
less dilated and fossorial. Tarsi short, spinous or setose beneath.

This tribe is here composed of the same genera included in it 1 > \ Lacordaire, their
partition in two tribes appearing rather unnecessary and hardlj warranted by the differ-
ences exhibited.

The following table will aid in distinguishing our genera:

\nti ■una- slender, longer than the head. phaleria.
\ntonn;c verj short and clavate.

Epistoma truncate. trachtscehs.

Epistoma deeply emarginate. anemia.

NOUTU OF MEXK 0.

PIIALERIA, Lair.
PI,.. .. Hist. Nat. ■!. Crust, et. .1. Ins. X. p. 3

Hi antennae of Phaleria though no ulcr, arc so compared with those ol

the other two g mera, the first six joints h ing oh il and longer than broad ; tli

joints are asuallj more or less transverse and gradu dly broader. The epipleurae are entire.

The species known in our collections may be distinguished bj the following table,
published by Dr. Leconl \ Species, p. 125).

I >val, finely punctulate species ; antennas » ith the onter joints transverse ;
(metasternnm normal, bodj winged).
II tse oi thorax finely margined.

Elytra not wider than base of thorax.

Margin of thorax and elytra with long hair-.
Robust species ; surface sub-op iqu

Upp :r surface and legs >ns. r o t u n d a ta.

Body and legs black; m if elytra I - us. limbata.

Depressed species ; color black, shining. pil i fcr a.

M irgin without hairs; color variable.

S I - of thorax converging from the bi tes a.

Side- of thorax parallel behind the middle. longula.

Elytra wider than base of thorax ; color Mack. picip( s.

1! ise of thorax nol margined, d e bilis .

Small, rounded, strongly punctured species; antenna1 with the outer joint-;
not testaceous; (metasternum short, body apterous).
( !onvex, t< s, with black elytral spots. glo bo -

I !ss convex, black, with red humeral spots. humeralis.

P. rotundata, Lee. Ann. Lye. V. 148.

The under surface of this species is mally black, the upper surface testaceous,

and when i samincd under a high \> iwer the thorax is found to b ■ finely punctured and
alutaceous. The interstrial spaces of the elyti - cially those ture, arc

finely transversely wrinkled.

I . mgth .24 inch.

1 ind on tic - • of ( ' difornia.

P. limbata, robust, sub-opaque, black, aid lytra dark -. Thorax

broader than loi t, finely punctured, anteri trnn-

Elytra broadly tinct, interstices finely transversely wrinkled. Bod

neath black, legs piceous, coara ly punctured. Margin of thorax and elytra fringed with long hairs.

Length .25 inch

Similar in form to the preceding, though rather more robust. The surface above is

37() REVISION OF THE TENEHKKINID.E OF AMERICA,

entirely black, excepting the margin and base of elytra and an irregular space nearer the
apical angle of the thorax, which arc dark testaceous. The thofax above lias four slight
impressions, two basal and two on each side of the middle, the latter are probablj acci-
dental. The antennse and legs are piceous.
One specimen from San Francisco.

P. pili fe ra . Lee, New Species, p. I I i

The thoracic and elytral margin are in this species fringed with hairs. It maj be
readily Known from the preceding by its more elongate and depressed form and by its en-
tirely black color.

Length .23-.2S inch.

From Cape St. Lucas. Lower California.

P. testacea, Say, Long's Expedition 2, 380.

The margin of the body is not fringed. The surface smooth and shining and testa:
.1 mis in color. The elytra are sometimes ornamented with black spots. One specimen
has the disc of the elytra entirely black, with only a narrow space at base and on the
margins, testaceous.

Length .28-.30 inch.

Rather abundant on the Eastern coast.

P, longula, Lee, New Species, p. 12.">.

Length .22 inch.

From the Gulf coast, Mississippi Island.

P. picipes, Say, Long's Second Exp. II. p. 280; Am. Ent. Ed. Lee, I. p. Is".

Elongate oval, black, shining. Head finely and sparsely punctured. Thorax broader
than long, moderatelj convex, very feebly and sparsely punctured and with a short linear
Longitudinal basal impression on each side; anteriorly emargiuate, angles obtuse ; sides
feeblj rounded, gradually harrowing to apex; base feebly sinuate. Elytra oval, moder-
atelj convex, wider at base than the thorax, with distinct stria- deeper at apex; interstices
feebly punctulate. Beneath shining, black. Antenna- brownish.

Length .22-.2S inch.

From the southern and middle Atlantic coast.

P, debilis, Lee, New Species, p. 126.

Easily Known by the pale color, single brown spot on each elytron, and by the absence
of any marginal line at the base of the thorax.

Length .20-.24 inch.

Cape St. Lucas. Lower California.

NORTH OF \ll..\n 0. :> , ,

P. globosa, Lee, Paci. I!. It. 1!.. A.pp. 1, p. 51, pi. ii. fig. I.

This and the following species differ from those which precede, in so many charai
thai the establishment of a distinct genus seems almost necessary. They are both broadly
oval and convex, rather coarsely punctured ; antenna? longer than the head and thorax,

slender and with the enter joints not transverse, meso- and metasternum short, and the
elytra with the first stria parallel with the suture ainl no -eutellar stria.

P. globosa is entirely testaceous, with two blacK marks en each elytron, the front
being zigzag, the hinder irregularly triangular.

I ,ength .1 3— .1 1 inch.

From the sea coast in the neighborhood el' San Frai cisco.

1'. h u m eralis, n. sp.

Similar in form to the preceding, but less convex. The color is black, somewhat
bronzed, with a red humeral spot en each eh Men.
I .ength .1 ■'» inch.
California (locality unknown).
P. i> i .■ i a, M. n in.. Bull, Mosc. 1843, 277. Sitklia; is unknown to me in nature.

TRACHYSCELIS, Latr.
Trachyscelis, Latr., Gen. Crust, et In-. IV. p. 379.

The form of antenna at once distinguishes Trachyscelis from Phaleria, and the trun-
cate epistoma from A.na?mia. In form the species resemble /Egialia.

T. Qavipe s, Mels., Proc. A.cad. Ill, p. 61.

The upper surface i- black and shining, the elytra rather deeply striate and without
-eutellar stria. The under surface i- paler and the legs yellowish.
1 ,ength .1 ",'-.1 1 inch,
from the southwestern Atlantic sea coast.

w i:\ii. \. -

mia, Cast.. Ilia. Nat. Col. 11. p. 218.

Head broad, deeply emarginate, sides rather broadly dilated. Eyes deeply etnargi-
nate, superior portion small. Mcntum small, trapezoidal. Last joint of maxillary palpi
elongate oval.

Antennae short, robust, graduallj thicker toward the tip. outer joint- verj transverse,
last joint slightlj longer than the preceding and rounded at tip. Thorax very transverse.
Elytra a- broad a- thorax, and with entire epipleura?. Legs short, robust, tibiae all dilated.

r apical angle of all prolonged. Bod) winged.

I refer to \mcmia, an insect from California possessing all the characters assigned to
the species of the Eastern Continent, with also a similarity ofsculptur .
ami hi. Mi 1 1 . —vol. xiv. — 95

378 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIR^ OF AMERICA,

A. calif omi ca, oval, robust, piceous. Head broad, moderately convex densely and rather coarsely

punctured. Thorax transverse, ncarlj three times as broad as long, convex, densely and coarsely punctured and
fringed with long yellowish hairs; anteriorly emarginate, angles not prominent; base rounded, angles obtuse; sides
stronglj rounded, slightly narrower behind than in front. Elytra broadlj oval, scarcel] longer than broad, not
broader at base than the thorax; base feebly emarginate; sides fringed with long yellowish hairs; surface rather
densely, coarsely and very irregularly punctured. Under surface of body with tV-. d punctures. Presternum

and legs with long yellow hairs. Body winged,
th ,10 .20 inch.

As compared with the figure of .1. sardoa, Gene, in Duval, pi. 70, fig. 350, our sp< -
is more robust, with a shorter thorax and with the sides "much more strongly from the
apex to base, the hind angles being very obtuse. The punctures arc denser and coarser.
Occurs in Owens' Valley, Cal., and the adjacent regions of Nevada.

TRIBE XXVII — DIAPERINI.

Body usually oval or rounded, sometimes elongate (Hypophlceus). Eyes prominent,
very feebly emarginate in front. Antenna' always with the outer joints thicker and per-
foliate. Mentum small, gular peduncle distinct. Anterior coxae sub-transverse ; middle
coxa' with distinct trochantin. Legs slender; spurs small; tarsi pubescent.

This tribe may be distinguished from those which precede by the very convex eyes,
more prominent than the sides of the front, and from the Bolitophagini by the gula not
heiny transversely silicate.

Our genera maj be divided into the following groups:
Diaperes. Body broadly oval: eyes distinctly emarginate in trout; pygidium covered.
First joint ol hind tarsi not longer than the second. diaperis.

Firsl joint of hind tarsi equal to second and third. boplocephala.

First joint of hind tarsi longer than second and third.

Epipleurse entire; intercoxal process of abdomen acute.
Mesosternum concave.

Last joint of maxillary palpi broadly triangular. PLATYDEMA.
Last joint of maxillary palpi elongate triangular,

enter side much longer. alphitophagus.

Mesosternum prominent. liodema.

Epipleurae short ; intercoxal process of abdomen truncate, scaphidema.
II Ycoi'iii.iEi. Body cylindrical ; eyes distinct!} emarginate in front; py-
gidium exposed.
(One genus in this group). hypophixei s,

Pentaphylli. Bodj elongate oval; eyes not emarginate in front: py-
gidium covered.
Last five joints of antennse forming a loose club. pentaphyllus.

NORTH OP MEXICO. 379

DIAPERIS, Geoff.

Diaperis, Geoff., Ins. d. Envir. d. Paris, I. p

Two species of this well known i,r aiu- occur in our fauna.

D. hydni, Fab., El. 0. 585; Lap. Ann. Sc. Nat. 33, 335 i, Oln li. B, 273.

This species is remarkably uniform in it- system of elytra! coloration, The elytra are
orange color, with a sutural black stripe, not reaching the scutellum, becoming irregularlj
wider toward the apex ; a small black -put at the anterior third, not very distant from the
suture, and another smaller, near the margin; a large irregular spol beginning at the
margin behind the middle, extending toward the suture without attaining it. and becom-
ing irregularly narrower. The head between the eyes i- rufous. The legs entirely black.

Length .24 inch.

Abundant in the Middle and Eastern S under bark or in fungi.

D. i ii ii pes, oval, convex, -.1. I entirely rufous; antennae black except the three basal joints, which are

rufous; thorax black, shining, finely and sparsely punctured. Elytra with distinct striae "I' m >derate punctures, in-
terstices finely but very sparsely puncl ured; color Mack, with a I p.i-al ami median transverse irregular band
and an oval apical sp on each elytron ilack except base. 1 wuisli, ex-

cepting the anterior femora ami coxse, which are pali

Length .25 inch.

I and in Arizona, at Camp Grant, under Cottonwood bark.

The differences between this species and the' European D. boleti, when viewed from
above, are ver] slight, the system of coloration is identical, the differences lean,'- in the
entirely rufous head and the pile legs, and by the interstices between the elytral striae
being much more sparsely punctured. The eyes are more closely approximate and the
frontal region of the head narrower in our species.

BOPLOCEPB \1. \. Cast, el BrullL

Hoplocephala, Cast, et limit,'. Am.. ,1. Sc. Nat. 23, p.
Arrhenoplita, Kirby, Fauna Am. Bor., p. '.'•:">.

This genus differs from Diaperis in having the first joint of the hind tarsi longer than
the second; and from the genera which follow, by the same joint being less than the two
following together. The epipleuras are abbreviated.

Our spi cies are four in number, of which two only are known to American entomolo-*

gists.

I lead of male with two horn-.

Thorax red, elj tra gre< n or blue, with metallic lustre. vi r idi p e nn i s

Thorax and elytra similar in color.

(Color blue ; length I lines. c h a 1 y 1> i

I ilor green ; length I * I i ■ bicornis.

! I. ad of male simply tuberculate.

(Thorax ferruginous, elytra black. collaris).

3S0 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDJE OF AHERII \.

II. viridipennis, Fab* Diaperis Syst. El. II, 586, I; < tst et P.oill.'. Oplocephala Anu. d. Sc. Nat. 23, 340.

Iii thi> species and the following, the head of the female is entirelj devoid ol tubercles.
L< ugth .10— .1 I inch.

II. bicornis, Oliv., Diaperis Km. :!. -V>: Enc. Metb. 6, 273; Kirby, Arrbenoplita Fauna Bor. Am. 233;
1 t. el Brullr, Boplocepbala p. 341; bicornis, Fab., Bispa Mant. p. 215.

This species differs from the preceding in having the whole surface bluish green. The
thorax occasionally becomes brownish.

Length .10-.14 inch.

This and the preceding species arc found rather abundantly over our entire country,
living in fungi.

II. cbalybea, Cast, el Brulle, Ann. Sc. Nat. 23, p. 341.

" Elongate, punctured, shining, bluish green ; head of male with two vertical horns,
female tuberculate ; elytra moderately striate ; bod) beneath blackish ; legs brownish.
Length 1 lines, width 1 j lines,
from the neighborhood ol' Philadelphia."
Unknown t<> us. Probably not North American.

II. collaris, Cast, el Brulle, loc. oit. p. 347.

"Elongate, punctured, shining, dark ferruginous; head at middle bituberculate, mouth
antenna? brownish; thorax reddish brown, scutellum red; elytra faintly striate, black;
with the base, humeri and anterior portion of suture brownish; legs pale ferruginous.
Length '-H lines, width 1[ lines.
From the neighborhood ol' Philadelphia."
Unknown to us.

PLATYDEMA, Cast, et BrulU.
Platydema, Cast, el Brulle, Ann. Sc. Nat. 23, p.

Firsl joint ol' hind tarsi longer than the two following joints; epipleurae entire; me-
sosternum concave; last joint of maxillarj palpi broadly triangular, with the inner and
outer sides nearly equal; intercoxal process of abdomen triangular, acute.

These characters will serve to distinguish this genus from all those before mentioned
and those which follow.

Our species are numerous and may be distinguished by the following table:

Head tuberculate or horned ; front concave.
Polished or shining sp< cies.

Black, broadly oval. e \ ca \ a t u in .

Blue, more elongate. c j a n e scens.

Opaque species. c ryt h roc e in m .

NOKTII OF MEXICO. :'sl

Head neither tuberculate nor horned.

Thorax rufous, elytra black. run col If.

Thorax and elytra Mack.
Surface opaque.

Elytra without red spots.

Antenna' pale. ruficor n e .

Antenna' black, three basal joints pale. rl a \ ip e s .

Antenna' black, three basal pale, terminal ferru-
ginous, j a nus .
Elytra with an oblique red spot on each. elliptic um.
Surface shining black.

Presternum horizontal, apex prominent.

Head with distinct transverse groove and frontal
impression.
Frontal impression rather deep; species broader, oregonense.
Frontal impression faint; species less rounded, americanum.
Head without transverse impression.

Thorax very sparsely punctured; surface less

shining. la <■ \ i p

Thorax densely punctured ; species small,

shining, black. m i c a i

Presternum convex between the coxa? ; apex deflexed
and obtuse.
Smaller species, black, with an aeneous tinge, picilabrum.

more elongate.
1 rgi r species, black, more broadlj oval. subcostatum,

I', excavatum, Say. (Diaperis Journ. Acad. ::.

A very abundant species over the entire district East of the Rocky Mountains; easily
recognisable by the black color, shining surface ami corniculate head. Specimens occur
in the Western v of rather more elongate form ami less deeply striate elytra.

1, ngth .18-.21 inch.

I', cyanescons, Lap. el Brulle, Ann XXIII, p.

Diners from the preceding, in is more elongate form, less rounded sides ami by its
blue color.

1 .. ngth .1 8 inch.

< tecUTS in the ( rulf State-.

AMKRI. PH1L08O. sec. — VOL. XIV.—

382 REVISION OF THE TENE BRI< i.NID.K OF AMERICA,

I', erytbrocerum, Lap. et. Brull<5, loc. cit., p. 3S5.

Broadlj oval, opaque, under surface and antennae brownish.

Length .1.") inch.

( tecurs in the ( rulf State-.

P. ruficolle, Lap. et Brulle, 1<>-. 'it., p. 373 , Mr!,.. Proc. Acad. 3, CI.

\ small oval sub-opaque species with a rufous thorax, and black elytra with apices
paler; the body beneath, legs and antennae brownish ferruginous, the latter being paler.
Length .'JO inch.
Middle Stated, rare.

P. rufi come, Sturm, (Diaperis Catal. ed. 1826, p. 68, tab. 3, fig. 21. , Lap. et Brulle, Plat. p. 378;

. Bald., •!. Ac. Sit. II. Vol. I. p. 101; rufa, Mels., Neomida Proc. Acad. '■',, 01. TpalU », Lap. el Br., loc. cit.

Very broadly oval, opaque black, under surface and legs dark testaceous, antenna' en-
tirely pale. /'. rufa, Mels., is hut an immature specimen, as is probably the pattern of
Lap. ami Brulle.

Length .16-.22 inch.
\ species of wide distribution.

1'. il i \ ipes, Fab., (Mycetophagus Syst. El. II. 567, 11; Lap. et Brulle, loc. cit. 588; iasale, Bald., J. Acad.

Ser. II, Vol. I. p. 101.

Similar to the preceding species, hut mure elongate, and with the antenna' black ex-
cept the three basal joints, which are testaceous. The thorax is very feebly and sparsely
punctured at middle, while at the sides the punctures are not only denser but coarser, dif-
fering in tin-; respect from the preceding species, in which the thorax is scarcely more
punctured toward the margin than at the middle. The under side of the body and legs
are pale brownish.

Length .16-.20 inch.

Middle and Southern States.

I', jauus, Fab., Mycetoph.) Syst. El. II. 566, I: Lap. el BrulbL Inc. fit., p. :;7'-': Zimmerman mscpt.

At the suggestion of the manuscript of the late Dr. Zimmerman, I refer to this species
our largest opaque black species, heretofore considerd j!<ir!]><*. The description of the
latter correspond-, exactly with that described by Haldeman some years after as hasale.
Janus differs from flavipes in having the terminal joint of the antennae ferruginous, and
by the thorax being regularly, sparsely and finely punctured. The under surface and legs
are pale ferruginous.

Length .24-.30 inch.

From the Southern States., California, Arizona, and New 'Mexico. The types were
from Peru.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 383

P. ellipticniu, Fab., M - El. II, 506, 3; Tenebrio supplement, 19, 15; Platydcmn Lap. et Brullu,

1- . .it . 880.

The body, antennae ami legs are entirely black, and the elytra have an obUque red
>[>nt Prom tin' humerus backward and inward toward the suture. The margins of the — j • » r
arc irregular.

Length .22-.30 inch.

Abundant in the Southern States, rarely found in Pennsylvania.

1'. oregononse, Lee, Pacif. I!. I!. Rep. IX. A.pp. 1. p. 51.

This siK-cics is very closely allied to the following, and ii is doubtful whether they
should be retained as distinct. The only differences being in the rather rounder form
and deeper frontal impression of this species. Should these two prove to lie identical, its
distribution woidd prove nearly as extended in tin' Northern regions as janus in the
Southern. Oregonese is always brownish in color, never black; the antenna' are j.
tic presternum horizontal, tip acute and prominent.

Length .20-.26 inch.

Distributed from Oregon to Fori Tejon, Cal.

P. amcricanum, Lap. el Brulle, loc. cit.

This species has heretofore borne the name of suJxwstatum, Lap., in our collections,
and has been so distributed. The differences between it and oregonensi have alreadj
been adverted to.

Length .20-.26 inch.

Abundant in the Northern States and Canada.

P. lsevipes, Hald., .1. A.cad., Series II. Vol. I. p. 101.

Differs from both the preceding, in having the front convex, withoul anytransvers
intra-ocnlar impression. The presternum i-- likewise prominent and horizontal. The sur-
face is less shining than cither of the preceding, ami while the thorax and head are black
the elytra are brownish. The antenna' arc pale brown and the legs ferruginous.

Length .2<K26 inch.

Middle and Southern State-.

P. micans, Zimmerman mscpt.

•• Broadlj oval, of the form of ruficolle, black, very shining, with a blackish submetal-
lic lustre to the elj tra, w itb the side- toward the ap \ brownish ; antenna-, palpi and legs
reddish brown ; head rather densely and coarsely punctured, thorax rather densely but
less coarsely punctured, with two feeble impressions along the basal margin; elytra with

e of rather large punctures, with the interstices rather denselj and finely punctured ;

. 1 1 1 1 with moderatelj large punctui

I >ength .12 inch.

South Carolina. Dr Chas. Zimmerman.

38 1 REVISION OF Till: TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMi:KI \.

This species resembles in size, culm-, form and general appearance the female of exca-
vattim, Say, though readily distinguishable by the absence of horns or tubercles. The
scutellar stria is aim isl to i Ij obliterated and r pi ic d l>\ a single larger and many small
irregularly placed punctures. The prosternum is horizontal, acute and produced behind,
and rather more deeply i a ived in the mesosternum than usual.

The above description and the substance of the remarks arc drawn from the manu-
script of the late Dr. Zimmerman, of Columbia, South Carolina. It is greatly to be re-
gretted that these were not published in full at the date of their origin, as many valuable
suggestions are found, now unfortunately for him forestalled by later students. That Dr.
Zimmerman, even with a limited cabinet and library, was fully equal to and in many re-
spects in advance ofhis cotemporaries, there can be no doubt.

I', picilabrum, Mels., Proc. Acad. 8, 61.

This species and the next have the prosternum between the coxae verj convex, and
the apex depressed, obtuse and not prominent. In both the labrum is testaceous and the
antenna- and legs ferruginous. This species has more deeply striate elytra with an aeneous
tinge, the form is also more slender and parallel.

Length .20 inch.

Eastern, Middle and Western States.

P. bu b cost atum , Lap. et Brallu, toe. cit. p. 362; clypeatum, Hald., Journ. Acad., Ser. II, Vol. 1, p. 101.

One of our largest and most abundant species in the Eastern and Middle States. Easily
known by the characters given in the table. The species has been considered americanum,
but the possession of an authentically determined specimen of the present species has
enabled me to determine the identity of Haldeman's species, as well as ti\ the value of
those otherwise labelled.

Length .22-.26 inch.

Unknown species.

I'. i>o 1 i t u in , Lap. el Brulle, loc. cit. p. 361.

From the description this species dors not differ from some specimens of americanum,
now before me.

Length '■>.'> lines, breadth 2 lines.
From Philadelphia.

P. pallcns. Lap. el Brulle, loc. cit. p. :!?T.

Probably an immature form of rtijivorne or possibly of jnnu*.
Length 3, breadth 2 lines.
From North and South America.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 385

P. cyauea, Lap. el Brulle, loc. cit. p. 892.

From the description it i- fairly inferable that this species is but the female of one be-
longing to the group in which the head of male is corniculate. It and the two preceding
species arc however, not known to me, and the matter is 1 < It with the few suggestions to
future students.

Length 2, breadth 1 line.

From North Americ i.

A.LPHITOPHAGUS, Sleph.

Alpbitop - pli.. Ulu-i. of I'.iit. Ent. V. p. 1'2.

\ genus easily recognisable in the form of the second and last joints of the palpi. The
cpipleurae arc entire, the prosternum not produced, (he first joint of the hind tarsi equal
to the second and third together, but shorter than the last.

A. bifasciatus, Say, Diaperis Journ. Acad. III. 268, 1823; quadrip Stepli., loc. >it.. pL 01, liu. 1,

1832.

Easily known from all our species of Diaperini, by the -mall size, elongate oval form
and system of coloration. The general color i- reddish brown, the elytra being darker,
Tlir latter have two yellow bands mi each, one near the humerus and slightly oblique,
another behind the middle and transverse, not reaching the suture, and an elongate oval

spot near the apex.

•• 'The male- are remarkable in the curious structure of the head. The epistoma is
deeply and bisinuately impressed along it- posterior border, slightlj impressed in the mid-
dle ami elevated on each -id-: the front ha- also three deep grooves forming two longitu-
dinal ridges, well marked and terminating between the eyes. The] are also -mailer than
the females." — (Duval).

Length .< >>>— . 1 0 inch.

\ot rare in tin- Middle State- and Di-t. Columbia. Occasionally found in colonii - of
twentj or more. A- this insect i- very rare in Europe, it ha- probably been introduced.

LIODEM \. Zimm.
Liodema, Zimm., MS. Tencbrionidse.

Closely allied to Platydema, but differs in having the mesosternum prominent and not
emarginate. Prosternum convex between the coxa?, ap \ dcflexed and received, when
the thorax is depressed, beneath the mesosternum. The rest a- in Platydema.

[.. lave, Bald., Platydema Journ. A' "1.. Ber. II. Vol. 1. p. 101 Liodema Zimm. MBS '■

Oval, convex, smooth, moderator) shining; color piceous black, with the apex of elytra
paler, beneath reddish brown; mouth, antenna' and legs reddish yellow; head and th

ami HI. PHI LOS ■. BOC.— VOL. XIV.

386 REVISION OF TIIK TKNKIiKIo.NlD.r. OF AMERICA,

regularly convex, with very fine sparsely placed punctures; epistoma and margins oi
thorax brownish; elytra with faint stria' of verj fine punctures; body beneath smooth,
shining, very sparsely punctured.

Length . 1(> inch.

North Carolina. Dr. ('has. Zimmerman.

SCAPHIDEMA, Redt.

Scaphidema, Redt., Fauna Au-.tr. ed. 1. p. 591.
Nelites, Lee, Agass. Lake Super., p. 232.

This genus may be distinguished from Platydema by its truncate intercoxal process
and short epipleura;. The mesosternum is less prominent, loss deoph excavated than any
of the genera except Alphitophagus. The thorax is narrower at base than the elytra, the
sides not rounded except in front, and gradually wider from apex to base.

S, seneolum, Lcc.. Nelites !"<■. cit.; Lac., Scapb. Genera V, p. 304.

As compared with the European species, this one is more elongate, less rounded and
with a narrower thorax.
Length .14— .18 inch.
From the Lake Superior region.

HYPOPHLCEUS, Fab.
flypophlceus, Fab. in Schneid. X. Mag. F.nt.. p. 24.

Easily known by its sub-cylindrical form, thicker antennas and rather broader tibia?.
The epipleurae are short.

Three species represent this genus in our fauna.
Thorax regularly convex.

Thorax emarginate in front; angles distinct. parallelus.

Thorax truncate in front; angles obtuse. thoracicus.

Thorax depressed, with a broad longitudinal excavation.

Thorax truncate in front; angles obtuse. cavus.

II. parallelus, Mels., Proe. Acad. 3, 63.
Rufous, parallel. Thorax emarginate in front.
Occurs from Canada (Pettit) to Arizona.

II. thoracicus, Mels, Proc. Acad. 3, 63.

Head and thorax rufons. elytra dark brown or black. Thorax anteriorly truncate.
angles obtuse.

Occurs from Canada to Georgia.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 38"

IF. cavus. Lee, New Species, p. 120.

Head and thorax rufous, elytra blackish, with long hairs. Abundantly distinct in the
broad thoracic groove.
Length . 1"> inch.
< Vcnrs in Kentucky.

PE3TTAPHYL1 I S, Lair.
PentaphyUus, r.nt r. . Regne Animate ed. 3, p. 30.
P. pallidus, Lee, New Species, p. 126.

"Belongs to the same division as the European /'. testaceus, having the epistoma
broadly rounded, and the anterior tibiae not dilated; it differs in having the body be-
oeath testaceous." The color of the body is entirelj testaceous above and beneath.

Length .10 inch.

Abundant in Canada West; collected by Mr. Johnson Pettit.

P. cali for aic us, n. sp.

Similar to pallidus in form, color and sculpture, diff< ring in being more depressed and
with the centres of the first two abdominal segments brown, almost black.
Length .09 inch.

Fort Crook, Cal.

Since the publication of the description ol the preceding species, 1 have been enabled
to examine a large series of specimens, through the kindness of Mr. Pettit of Grimsby,
Ontario. The males of pallidus are very distinctly bituberculate on the front between the
eyes, and are usually larger than their females. The he, id of the female is verj convex ill
■pallidus, but in cali/ornicua there is an increase of the convexity in the place of the tuber-
cles of the male. The unique in the cabinet of Dr. Leconte at the time of the descrip-
tion of pallidus was a female, hence the failure to note the above character, which will
serve additionally to separate our species from the European. From the figure given bj
Duval, /'. testaceus is much more acute behind than either ol" our species, which are very
obtuse and alike in both sexes.

TRIBE XX VI II — BOLITOPHAGINT.
M
Last joint of palpi not securiform. Head short, deeplj inserted. Epistoma semi-
circular in front. Antennae partly received, in repose, in a transverse gular groove
between the eves. Outer joints of antenna' perfoliate, rarelj pectinate. Scutellum dis-
tinct. Anterior coxae sub-cylindrical. Tibiae simple, spurs small or absent. Tarsi short.
feebly pubescent beneath, usually compressed, with the first joint usually very small, last
joint long

:J^S REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.* OF AMERICA,

Our genera arc four in number, as follows:

Sides d!' head in front of eyes prominent.

Eyes partially divided; antenna' ten-jointed. bolitotuerus.

Eyes entirely divided; antenna- eleven-jointed. BOLITOPHAGUS.

Sides of head in front of eyes not prominent.

Eyes distinctly emarginate; thorax margined; margin

crenulate. eledona.

Eyes not emarginate; thorax not margined. khipidandrus.

BOLITOTHERTJS, Candeze.
Bolitotherus, Candeze.
Phellidius, Lee, Class. Col. X. A., p. 886.

B. cornutus, Fab., Boletophagus Syst. El. 1, p. 112; Panzer, Opatrum) Fauna Amer. Bor. Prodrom., pi. 1,
Sand 6, "J, and 9; bifurcum, Fab., Opatrum) Ent. s_\>t. Supp. 40, I.

This insect is easily known. The males have two horns, slightly curved and broader
at tip, projecting forward from the thorax. The anterior margin of epistoma has a verj
short horn, bifid at tip.

I ,ength .40- 15 inch.

Occurs abundantly everywhere in the middle belt of States.

This species appears to be in an unfortunate condition in its synonymy. It appears
to have been originally described by Fabricius a- Opatrum bifurcum (Ent. Sy>t. Supp.
10, 1), subsequently by Panzer as 0. comutum (Prod. loc. cit.) All subsequent authors
appear to have adopted for our insect the name of Fabricius. Trox <<>rn.u! //-•, (Ent. p. SS)
and repeated verbatim in his Syst. Eleut. 1. p. 112, referring to an insect from Ceylon.
In Svst. El. 1. pp. 112 and 11:!. Fabricius adopts the name of Bolitophagus, and changes
without anv reason the specific name bifurevs to cornutus, and refers the insect to Caro-
lina. In a notice of some coleopterous larvae (1861, p. 4:5), Candeze at the suggestion of
Lacordaire, establishes the genus Bolitotherus and adopts the specific name cornutus, re-
ferring to Syst. El. p. 112, on which are two species of this name, and although stating
that the perfect insect is well known, Candeze does not state whence it comes. To render
the matter still more confused, Harold (Cat. p. 1915) refers < Ipatrum bifurcum, l'z., (cor-
iiiitiim. Fab.,) to Bolitophagus, and the Trox cornutus, Fab., of Ceylon, to Bolitotherus.
The whole truth is that our large species is a Bolitotherus, whether the specific name be
blfurcus or cornutus. It is to be desired that this confusion may be rectified. From my
own study 1 am inclined to adopt the synonymy as given by Harold (Catal. liMI and o),
with the removal of the II. bifurcus, Fab., {cornutus, Panz.,) from Bolitophagus to Bolito-
therus. Such a change compels us to drop a very well known specific name, adopting
another almost entirely lost sight of.

NORTH OF MEXK 0. 389

nol.ITnl'll M.i S, / ri r.
B ilitopb .■! .1 Hi ■■ i Die Ka Preuss., p. 100.

Eyes entirely divided, sides of head prominent. Anti ante eleven-jointed.

B. corl icola . Say, Journ. lead. V. 238.

The margin of thorax is strongly crenulate and deeply notched in front of the hind
angles. The surface is covered with numerous tubercles and the elytra ornamented with
widely interrupted elevated ridges.

Length .33 inch.

Occurs in the Middle and Easl ites.

B. depressus, Randall, Eledona Bast. Journ. II, 21 i, Newra Ent. Ma

Differs from the preceding, in having the thorax simply coarsely punctured, with the
sides vi gularly rounded and m irgin scarcely crenulate. The elytra are finelj - the

interstices having a single row ofcoa"rse punctures.

Length .20-.30 inch.

Middle an I Eastern States and Canada.

Kl.i:iMi\ \. Lair.
I. itr., Precis d. car. gen. d. \<><.. p. 10.

Differs from the preceding genera, in not having the sides of the head prominent in
front of the eyes. 'The eyes are aboul half divided. Fronl rounded, nol prominent
middle. Antennae clavate and compressed. Thorax distinctly margined, margin finely

crenulate.

E. fungicola, brown, opaque, oval, sub-cylindrical. Head denselj . ly punctui

than long, very rugosely p orly feebly euiarginate, base bisinu ■ rotuided, _

ually wider behind. Elytra convex, broadly rounded at apex, base feebly en
stices with a single row of coarse punctures. Ben ath dark brown, punctured,

Length .14 inch.

Middle* Closely resembling E, garicicola of Euro

This insect has been associated in collections with the nexl as its female, the differ-
ences appear to me to warrant it- - of this genus. The charai
are all those of El< do

RHIPIDANDRUS, Lee.
Rhipidandrus, Lei 1. N. A..

Rhipidandrus differs from iving the eyes larger, mor avex, mor<

nulatcd, and aol .mate by the sides of the front. The fronl is narrow,

epistoma rather promim ddle. The and una' are pectinate from the

fifth to lost joints, the fifth joint with a shorl nch than those which follow.

thorax is without flattened and crenula .in.

amkiu. rim — \ ol. xiv—

390 REVISION OF TlIK TENKHKloNID.K OF AMERICA,

R. flabellicoi nis, Sturm, Xyletinus Cat. 1820, p. 59,*pl. 1. fig. 7.

I have before rae ten spi cimens ol" this insect, and find them all agreeing with the
characters of the genus as defined by Dr. Leconte, and showing no differences among them-
selves in the formation of their antennae. The species is similar in sculpture to the
FJedona before described. The antennae and legs arc pale reddish brown.

Length .10 inch.

.Middle and Western States and Canada West (Pettit).

Ma\ net this genus be allied to the Eutomides, latch referred to this familj '.

TRIBE XXIX — APOCRYPHINI.

Bodj -lender, apterous; head not constricted behind ; labrum prominent, clypeal mem-
brane distinctly visible; eyes small, emarginate, coarsely granulated; mentum small; last
joinl of maxillary palpi strongl) securiform; antennae eleven-jointed, -lender, scarcely
thicker externally ; prothorax globose, marginal ridge rounded or wanting; trunk pedun-
culated; elytra embracing widely the flanks of abdomen; epipleurae narrow; middle coxae
without trochantin ; hind coxa' small, widely separated ; legs long, femora clavate; tibiae
-lender, spurs small ; tarsi pubescent with long hairs ; hind margins of third and fourth
ventral segments coriaceous.

The last character alone serves to remove this tribe from the association in which it
was placed by Dr. Leconte, to the place assigned it by Lacordaire, preferring, however,
to retain it as a distinct tribe.

APOCRYPHA, Esch.
Apocrypha, Esch., Zool. Ail. IV. p. 18.

Our species, three in number, all small, are found in California, under chips, etc.
in very dry places; they are very agile and difficult to capture.
A. anthicoides, Esch., loc. cit., ,11. |s. Qg, 7.

Thorax globoso-oval, broader than long; broader in front of middle, sides strongly
rounded and gradually narrower toward ap x. Surface rather coarsely but sparsely punc-
tured, and very sparsely clothed with yellowish hairs. Color brownish testaceous, elytra
blackish, base broadly brownish testaceous. Beneath colored as above, legs paler.

Length .11 inch.

San Francisco and Tejon. Cal.

A. dyschirioides, I. re. Ann. Lye. V. 137.

Smaller than the preceding. Head and elytra dark brown or black, thorax rufous.
shining. Thorax longer than broad, sides nearly straight in front, gradually widening
beyond the middle, then rapidly narrowing. Under surface blackish, feet rufous.

Length .08-.10 inch.

Found with the preceding.

NORTH OF MEXK 0. 391

A. cliviuoidos, brownish ti sub-opaque. Thorax more densely punctured and more densely pilose,

broader than long, sub-globose, slightly depressed, sides in idorately rounded from apei to base; base rounded. Elytra
elongate oval, sub-depressed, Bides feebly rounded, apes obtuse, surface moderate!] coarsely punctured and sparscl)
clothed with short yellowish i-ecumbenl hairs. Beneath testaceous, rathei densely and coarsely punctured and sparsel)
pilose.

Length . I t inch.

Owen-' Valle] . ( lalifornia, rare.

Differs from both the preceding sp ;cies, bj its color, mure depress d form, and b] th
shape nt the thorax. In this species the sides are graduallj rounded from the apex to
base, and the bas i is not prolonged as in the other sp icies, and is comparatively broader.
The elytra arc lcs> convex, more elongate, sides Less rounded, and apes less acute.

I Kim \\\ — HELOPINI.

Labrum prominent, clypeal membrane always visible; last joint of palpi securiform;
head usually more or less prolonged behind the eyes; antenna' with the outer joints flat-
tened sub-triangular; last joint usually longer than the preceding; elytra feebly embracing
the body; epipleurae entire ; legs usually long; anterior coxae globular; tibial spurs fre-
quently very small ; tarsi densely pubescent beneath, the anterior and often the middle
dilated in the males; intercoxal process broad or oval, never acute at tip; body either
apterous or winged.

BELOPS, /

Helops, Fab., Km. Syst., p. 857.

One genus represents this tribe in our fauna. Oar species arc numerous and ma) bi
divided in the following manner:

r i -Alate Species.
Thorax sub-quadrate, sides feebly rounded; apex except in impolilut eraargiuate; angles all prominent.
Thorax emarginate at apex; elytra sub-metallic; shining.

Sides of thorax not updulated; elytra finolj striate, interstices Bnel) and sparsely

punctured. mi cans.

Sides of thorax undulated; elytra] strite deeper. . undulatus.

Sides of thorax not undulated; elytra! Btrite deep; interstices convex, almost en-

tirel) impum I tired, v enustus.

Thorax truncate in front; angles rectangular; surface sub-opaque; elytra with i"«~ of

elongate puncl impolitus.

Thorax usually broader than long; Bides moderately rounded; apex truncal • rounded,

with obtuse angles.
Antenna; with the outer j"int^ compressed and sub-triangular. Black, sub-opaque,
California species.
Thorax narrowed at bas ■. opa cus.

|n< nc i ipe mi is.
Thorax wider at base, i u gulosus.

Antennae slender, outer joints not ■ ipressed.

392 REVISION OF THE TENEBBIONID^ OF AMERICA,

Thorax obtusely margined.

nish; last joint of antennae shorter. :i ngustus.

Brownish; last joint of antennae longer than tenth. gracilis.

Thorax acutely margined.
Mi i in narrow.

Propleurae finely longitudinally wrinkled. californicus.

Prop il u Ij « rink led. e il w ardsii .

Margin broad, more or less reflexed.

Thorax b middle. pe rnitens.

Thorax broadest at base. laetus.

p 11 A]. i. rous >i" i
Antennae short, robust, outer joints compressed. rugicollis.

Antennae longer than head and thorax.
Sides of thorax rounded.

Apex of thorax truncate.

Thorax broader than long.

Hind angles obtuse or rounded.

Terminal joints of antenna; Mili-.vlin.liir!]. last joint long; interstrial

ces wiili rounded tubercles, distinct at least at apex. bachei.

Terminal joints of antennas sub-triangular, last joint short oval; inter-
strial spaces Hat. convexulus.
Hind angles uearlj dar.

Elytra with stria' of line punctures.

Propleurae grooved. ae re u - .

Propleurae coarsely punct

Last joint of antennae longer thau tenth. st eloidi

Last joint of antennae shorter than tenth. dincretus.

Elytra deeply striate. sulcipennis.

Thorax lougei than bi oad.

Form slender; joints four to eleven of a [ual. .111-.

Apex of thorax ema ingles prominent.

1 broadly oval; elytra deeplj striate. fa reins.

thorax sub-angulate in front of middle.
Apex truncate; antennae slender; form broadlj oval. tui

fl. mi cans, Fab., Syst. El. l. 157; eitlatus, Oliv., . Beauv. Ins.. p. 101. pi. g

I inr largest Eastern species. Thorax emarginate in front, angles distinct, broader

than long, s ewhat bi ides feebly sinuate. Antennae slender, outer joints

feeblj compressed; last three joints smaller and gradually decreasing. Elytra faintly
striate, shining with indistinct metallic stripes. Propleurae coarsely and confluently punc-
tured, ^pex of last ventral segment with a broad hairy depression ; in the females the
depression is longitudinal and smaller.

Length .50-.70 inch.

\ spi cii a of n ide distribution.

II. u u .1 n 1 .1 1 11 9 ■ Lee., New Species, p. 182.

ailai to the precediug. Diffi rs in the undulate sides of thorax and the absence ol

NORTH OK MEXICO. 393

any depression in the lasl abdomin -1 segment. 1'ln- terminal joints of the antennae are
less coinproMi] and no1 shorter. The antennae, as in most of the species of the genus,
are shorter in the female.

Length .46— .53 inch.

Southern Stat< -

II. venustus, Say, Long's Expcd. 2,

Smaller than either of the preceding. The sides ol the thorax arc nearly straight, the
propleurae coarsely but not confluently punctured, and the elytra deeply striate, with •
vex interstices. Antennae slender and as in undulatus.
Length .36-.3S inch.

Nol abundant in the Middle and Southern Sta-
ll, impolitus, Lee, New Species, 132.

Thorax nearly square, sides nearlj . apex very feeblj emarginate. Elytra with

striae of coars punctures. Color black, slightly bronzed, sub-opaque. Antennae slender.
Propleurae rugosely punctured, punctures behind continent in grooves, Lasl segment ol
abdomen concave and hairy at apex.

I >i ngth .•">() inch.

Texas. One male in my nun cabinet, and a female in that of Mr. Qlke.

II. ..p.., -n -. I. ■•■.. Pro \ I 234.

Thorax truncate in front, angles rounded; base almost trunca jles rectangular;

side- rounded in front, slightly sinuate and converging behind; surface opaque black,
rugosely punctured. Three terminal joints <>l' antenna' shorter, compn ssed, broader than
long. Propleurae coarselj and rugosely punctured. Two forms of this species occur, on<

apterous, tl ther winged. In the apterous form the thorax is more convex, th • elytra

more robust, convex and shorter. The winged species has the elytra depressed, more
elongate and Less rounded on the sides; the thorax is also less convex, rather broader and
with less rounded sides. 1 am unwilling at present to assign a distinct name to the latter
form, desiring a further accumulation of specimens.

length .52-.70 inch.

From Sin Francisco, ( !al.

II. p u Dcti pe ii ii i - 133.

Similar in form to the preceding, l>nt mere depressed and smaller. Thorax slightly
broader than long; disc densely but not rugosely punctured, sides rounded in front.
slightly sinuate behind, base truncate, angles slightlj acute, more prominent in any other
of our species. The elytra are depressed, slightlj broader behind, moderately striate,

ami. HI. I'M r i — vor„ XIV.-

394 REVISION' OF THE TENKHR10XID.E OF AMERICA,

interstices denselj punctured and slightly rugose. Antennae long, with the outer joints
compressed, verj gradually shorter.

Length .36 inch.

( lalifornia.

II. rugulosus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 151.

A large sub-opaque black species, differing from all our other alate species in having
the outer joints of the antennae compressed and shorter, and the thorax broader behind.
The thorax is broader than long, truncate at apex and base, sides rounded, gradually con-
verging to the apex. The propleurae are finely grooved near the mai'gin and coarselj

punctured near the coxa1. The elytra are finely striate, the interspaces transverselj
wrinkled and finely punctured.

Length .38.-64 inch.

California, near San Francisco.

II. angustus, Lee., Proc. Acad. 1859, 77.

Brownish, not metallic. Thorax as long as broad, truncated in front and behind, sides
moderately rounded, disc feebly convex. Antennae elongate, outer joints not compressed.
\ciy slightly shorter. Propleurae coarsely punctured. Thorax without thin margin.

Length .30-.40 inch.

Fort Tejon, California.

II. gracilis, Bland, Proc. Ent. Soc. 1803, p. 319.

Bronzed, sub-parallel, moderately depressed. Thorax not margined, broader than
long, truncate at apex and base, sides feebly rounded, anterior angles broadly rounded,
hind angles rectangular. Propleurae coarsely and irregularly grooved. Antenna' slender,
last joint longer than the preceding.

Length .30-.35 inch.

New Jersey, Bland.

II. californicus, Mann., Bull. M..sr. 1843; Beitrag. p. 2s;.

Similar in form to gracilis, but rather more depressed and somewhat broader. The
surface is brownish or piceous, shining, but rarely sub-metallic. Thorax rather more
transverse and with a distinct margin, more evident near the hind angles. The propleurae
are very finely wrinkled. The antennae are slender, the outer joints feebly compressed,
sub-equal, 'the last joint broadly oval, equal with the preceding. The elytra are feebly
striate, the interstices flat, smooth and very sparsely punctured.

Length .26-42 inch.

San Jose, California.

NORTH OF MEXICO. 395

II. edwardsii, piceous with slight aeneous tinge. Head coarsely and rather densely punctured. Thorax
bro ider 1 1 ■ ra l"ir_'. moderately convex, rather finely punctured and more <\ usely at the Bides; apex sub-truncate, base
feebly rounded at middle, sides rounded in front, slightly sinuate and feebly narrower at base, margiu acute, not
broad, apical angles obtuse, hind angles rectangular. Propleurae coarsely and irregularly wrinkled and punctured,
mesostemum coarsely punctured. Elytra oblong; feeblj broader behind middle, Mj rounded

erately convex, rather deeply striate, strisa not punctured, interspaces feeblj convex and sparselj punctulate. Bodj
li i rsely but not sparsely punctured, abdomen more densely punctured and at the — i » 1 « ■ -^ wrinkled.

Length .<'>'- inch.

Resembles a large specimen of califomicits, from which it may readily be distinguished
by the form of tin' thorax and tin' sculpture of the propleurae. The elytra arc also much
more deeplj striate. The antennas arc broken, but they appear to be as in cali/ornicus.

For a single female specimen I am indebted to Mr. II. Edwards, of San Francisco, to
whom I with pleasure dedicate it.

Collected in ( )regon.

II. pernitens, Lec.,Proc. icad. 1861, p. 353.

Thorax one-half broader than long, apex and base of equal width, the former truncate,
the latter feeblj rounded ; sides rounded, very distinctly margined, margin slightlj re
flexed. Antenna' slender, outer joints very feeblj decreasing, lasl joint elongate, some-
what longer than the tenth. Elytra rather broadly oval, finely striate, surface smooth and
polished. Propleurae finely wrinkled.

Length . 10 inch.

Oregon.

II. ltetus, Lee, Proc. A.cad., Pacif. I!. I!. Rep. IX. A.pp. 1. p. 51.

Thorax as in ealifornicus, hut rather more transverse. Margin broad, slightly reflexed
and broader than the hind angles. Antenna- with sub-equal joints, last joint rounded and
smaller than the tenth. Propleurae finely rugose. Elytra less rounded than in pernitens,
more deeply striate, and with the interstices feebly convex. Surface smooth, shining, cu-
preous metallic.

Length .32 inch.

Oregon.

II. rugicollis, Lee, New Species, p. KM.

With this species begins our series of apterous Helops. The very short robust an-
tennas serve to distinguish this species from those to which it has mosl resemblance in
form and other characters. The antennae are not longer than the head and thorax, re.
bust, outer joints compressed, last three shorter; joints nine and ten sub-triangular,
broader than long, last joint oval and shorter. The head and thorax are rather denselj
aciculately punctured, and reddish brown. Thorax slightly broader than Ion--, apex trun-

396 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIRS OF AMERICA,

. base feeblj roui ded, hind angles distinct, nol rounded. Elytra elongate oval, humeri
rounded, color piceous. Propleuras coarsely punctured. Legs ferruginous.
I .ength . 10-.46 inch.

Specimens in my cabinel from Tejon and Owens' Valley, California.

II. bacbei, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1861, 353.

Thorax slightly broader than long, sides strongly rounded, apex truncate, base slightly
rounded, hind angles very obtuse or rounded. Antenna' slender, last joint longer than
the preceding. Elytra elongate oval, with stria- of punctures faintly marked, interstices
sparsi ly punctured and with slightly elevated rounded tubercles evident at least m ai the
apex. Propleurse with confluent reticulate punctures. Surface sub-opaque, faintly
bronzed.

Length .34-50 inch.

Island of Santa Barbara, coast of California.

II. convexulus, I. c, Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 353.

Thorax similar to the preceding, with less rounded hind angles. The surface is
shining, not metallic. Elytra elongate oval, convex, faintly striate, interstices flat, very
sparsely punctured. Antenna' slender, outer joints gradually decreasing, last joint oval,
not longer than the preceding. Propleura? finely wrinkled. Easily distinguishable from
i'ii' preceding species, the only one with which it might he confounded by description, by
its more convex form, shining surface and absence of any interstrial tubercles.

I.i ngth .22-.30 inch.

Hitter Root Valley, Nebraska.

II. Eereus, Germar, sp. oov. i*. 159; araius, Say, Journ. Acad. ">. 240; pullus, Say, Journ. Acad. 5, '.'II.

A. common species in the Eastern States, easilj recognisable by the characters given
in tin' table and by the very deeply grooved propleurae. The last three joints of antenna'
are shorter and sub-equal.

Length .28— .36 inch.

Abundant in the Middle States.

II. cisteloides, Qermar, Spec. N>>\. p. L59.

The thorax is somewhat broader than long, the hind angles rectangular. l'ropleune
coarsely punctured. Elytra elongate oval, bronzed, with stria' of fine punctures, inter-
stices ilat, inipiuictured. Antennae slender, last joint longer than the preceding.

Length .40— .50 inch.

Glllf States.

NORTH OF Ml.Xlt o. 397

II. discret us, Lee, New Species, p. 13 1.

This species is unknown to me in nature, and is placed near ckteloides in consequence
of its comparison by Dr. Leconte with thai species.
Length .44 inch.
Texas. Cabinet of Mr. II. Ulke.

II. Bulcipeunis, Lee, New Species, p. 133.

A very distincl species in this section, by its deeply sulcate elytra. The interstices
are convex, smooth and shining with metallic reflection. The antenna' arc slender, the
joints nearlj equal, the last being as long as the preceding. The propleurae are punctured
and wrinkled. The humeri of the elytra are more distinct than in any of our apterous

species.

Length .30 inch.

Mount Xona, Habersham Co., Georgia.

H. attenuatus, Lee, A A.nn. Lye. V, 137; Class. Col. N A., p. 340 8(enotriehu»).

The type of this species is a badly mutilated specimen found by Dr. Leconte in the
desert region around Vallecito, California. From the character of the region and the ap-
pearance of the specimen, it musl have been dead some years, and exposed to the intense
heat of the desert region, has undoubtedly lost to a certain extent its original outline.
Several specimens are in mj cabinet, from neighboring regions, agreeing in most respects
with the type, but having the thorax rather less convex and slightly broader. The -])< i i-
mens, however, vary among themselves to a certain extent.

Thorax longer than broad, truncate at apex and base, sides feeblj rounded, margin
obtuse. Propleurae and entire under surface densely and coarsely punctured. Elytra
elongate oval, almost sub-cylindrical, humeri rounded; surface with striae of coarse punc-
tures, and interstices more finely punctured. Antenna' with tin' outer joints feebly com-
pressed, not shorter.

Length .26-.36 inch.

Occurs at Vallecito, Owens' Valley, and at Camp Grant, Arizona.

II. farctns, Lee., Proc. A..nl. ls:,s. p. ;t,

Verj distinct from all our apterous species, by its broadly oval form, apex of thorax
deeply emarginate, and anterior angles prominent, ami by its deeply striate elytra.
Thorax twice as broad as long, sides feebl) rounded, and wider at base; surface denselj
but not coarsel] punctured. Propleurae and entire under surface coarsely but not sparsely
punctured. Antenna' gradually wider to apex, outer joints not shorter. Color black,
moderately shining.

Length .20-.33 inch.

Texas.

AMKUI. PBIL080. BOO.— VOL. XIV. — 100

398 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID2E OF AMERICA, &C.

II. tumesceus, Lee, New Species, 184.

A species differing abundantly from our only other species of oval convex form, in the
sides of the thorax being sub-angulate. It resembles cereus, Germ., in form. The broadest
portion of the thorax is in front of the middle, in cen us nearer the base.

Length . 12 inch.

California. Collection of II. I'lke.

The following species are described in the books, and from the very short descriptions
are not recognisable.

II. americanus, Beauv. Ins. 122, pi. 30, li;^. (i.

II..' t list is. Beauv. Ins. 157, pi. 30b, fig. 1.

The former may possibly he II. undulatus, Lee. while the latter does not appear to
belong to the genus.

TKIHE XXXI MERACANTHINI.

\ single genus represents this tribe in our fauna.

MERACANTHA, Kirby.

Meracantha, Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer. p. 237.

M. contracta, Beauv. (Helops) Ins.. j>. 122. pi. 30, fig. 0; canadensis, Kirby. (Meracantha) 1. e.; tumidus,
Mcls., . Belops) Proc. Acad. :!. 61.

\ common species found over a large part of our eastern regions. Color dark bronze,
shining. Head deeply inserted, antenna' long, slender, scarcely thicker at tip. Anterior
portion of presternum very short. Anterior femur with an obtuse tooth.

Length .44— .50 inch.

TRIBE XXXII — STRONGYLIIXI.
STRONGYLIUM, Kirby.

Strongylium, Eirby, Trans. Linn. Sue. XII. p. 417.

Two species of this genus are known to American students.

s. tenuicolle, Say, Belops) Journ. Acad. ill. 67; Lac. (Strong.) Genera V. Is;.

Thorax quadrate or longer than wide. Antenna' slender, last joint yellowish.
Length .56 inch.

"Middle and Western States.

s. term in a turn, Say, (Tenebrio) Journ. Acad. V, 341; Lac. Strong.) Genera V, 4S7.

Thorax broader than long, with a shallow longitudinal median groove. Antenna' as
in tenuicolle.

Length .4(5 inch.

Western States.

INDEX

Names in ttatics are synonyms or unknown species. Several unknown species nol mentioned In the boil} of the paper

win i»- Found "ii page 102,

AQEONOXAi

\\ i rm is,
pallidas,

\I.U MS.

slngularls,

Al.l'lll lnl.II 3

dlaperlnus,

piceus,
U rni'K n-iiAi. i -

bifasclatus,

IrlpustxUattis,
AMMODONI S

fossor,

tMPHIDOR \.

caudata,

Uttoralis,

olgropllosa,

tenebrosa,
\\ I Dl -

brunneus,

rotundlcollis,
\N EMIA,

calltoi
\m psri s,

delicatulus,

ATM \\<>l I -

brevicornls,
APOCm rn \.

anthlcoldes,

clivinoides,

dyschirioid
LE 1 oscmzcs,

annatus,

costip

regularls,

gulclcoUis,
LKGOPORIS,

stripes,

blcolor,

sulclpcnnis,
ARRHENOPLITA

>i.rs,
\mi>\.

actuosa,

var.)
rota,

angulata,

blfurca,

captlosa,

cam

confiuens,

connlvens,

consobrlna,

convexa,

(*it|IVr\iio|lis.

coiffpennia (var.)

roxtiii-'nn
ttfffibrmis,
elata
Bibb His,

272

blrsuta,

:;i.;

hlspidula,

346

Inaqt

861

lecontei,

362

lirata,

luctata,

marginata,

morbUlosa,

mnricatula,

385

< > i « ■ -.

385

obsoleta,

opaca,

parallels,

i

polita,

punctlcollis,

rimatw (var.)

329

seinlkevis,

329

sexcostata,

:<73

sordlda,

373

ndrica (var.

373

LSI BOTUS,

i tortus,

78

regularls,

L-77

AUCHMOBIUS

277

subUey Is,

368

l: \ II 1 II S,

3C8

rotundlcoUIs,

390

setosus,

390

BIUS,

391

estrlatus,

390

BLAPSTIN1 S,

274

cenei

275

auri pills,

274

brevlcollis,

274

californic

274

discolor,

diiatatus,

325

interruptus,

325

lecontei,

325

longulus,

1

lut'i-liis.

278

raetallicus,

282

meestus.

prate nsts.

-

pulverulentus,

■

lordidus,

-

itus,

-

X'-,tllll>.

•

;.■/ IPYLIS, sul

BOL1TOPH \'.l -

-

corl la,

•

depressus,

287

W mi Bl 5,

-

fiifiiriin.

2*6

cornutus,

BB w in 9,

florldanus.

■■

■ I M BIOP1 BB \

asperata,

286

carab

Inlausta,

286

muricata,

serlata,

i

I'Ta.

c IN 1 BOJfOPl -

284

calcaratus,

28

corac ■

288

opacus,

tut.

■

i I Bl NOPi S,

"lur.

costulatus.

cribnitus.

288

CIBDELIS

I'M

bachei.

-

blaschkil,

-

i SEMEPLATl \.

sericea,

290

CNKMODUS,

290

testaceus,

CO 1 "' M MIS.

262

dllatlcollls,

270

magna,

27u

obesa,

punctata,

345

(XEL1 S,

345

clliatus,

351

lOSUS,

CONIBI1 -

3«

353

seriatus.

paralli

354

CONIONTK,

353

abdomlnails,

355

aWnis,

.

- hcilt/ii.

lata,

■

nemoralis.

obesa,

opaca,

■ i\ .ili^.

353

puncticollis,

robusta

-

subpubescens,

viatica,

CONIPIb m

CBANIOTI -

•

pubesi

•

CRATID1 5,

-

osculans,

■

rotundlcoUIs,

i i:\ i-i \nn ■*

--

Inflatus,

--

1 Bl PTIC1 8,

291

obsoli

291

1 Bl PTOGL08SA

Isris,

280
280

280
279

342
342
343
■Ml
323

341
341

: il

360

266
335
336

'

292

350
351

296

297

■
296
297

■
■
■
■
■

■

400

verrucosa,
t'YX.H 8,

angustus,

depreastis,
DACODKHUS,

sti iatlceps,
DELOPYQOS,
DIAPEB18.

hydnl,

maculata,

ruflpes,
DKED1 9

punctatus,
DISt 0DEMU8,
Mm IK. IMA.

ftschi ri.

marglnata,

Bcabrtcula,
DYBMABTH1 S tahUh roi,
ECHOCERUS,

maxillosus,
EDKOTES,

rotundus,

ventiicosus,
BLEDONA,

[imglcola,
ELEODES,
ELE0DE8, sub. gen

acuta,

acuticauda,
tola,

arata,

armata,

aspera,

asperata,

carbonaria,

caudifera,

clavlcomls,
\atu,

i sobrina,

conttricta,

i onvi xa,

coidata,

del iiis,

deleta,

dentlpes,

disperta var.,

extrlcata,

i.' rata,

Ill-l! il^,

gentllis,

glgantea,

gracilis,

grandicollis,

granosa,

granulata,

baydenit,

hlrsuta,

hlspllabrls,

humeralls,

Immunis,

im i'iu SSiCOllir,
InDOCeng,

intrlcata,

laticoUti,

lecontel,

longicollls,

lucae,

mllltarls,

nlgrina,

nupta,

REVISION

dl' Til?: TEN!

280

otocura.

obtcura var..

■ il'snlcta,

69

obtusa.

275

omiMa,

27'.

opaca,

372

pan Mollis,

."

pedinoides,

379

pllosa,

379

i illoides,

(79

planata,

planata ;,

■

planipi unix.

292

lucta.

319

quadiicollls,

320

robutta,

320

rotundtpennis,

320

scabrlpennis,

270

scabrosa,

66

Beriata,

166

soror,

257

sponsa,

257

titrtcta.

257

strlolata,

380

subaspera, Sol.,

880

subaspera II

31 1

subligata.

805

Bubnitens,

.-.in;

sulcata ||

:;ll

sulcipt nnis \ai-

307

suturalis,

306

tenebrosa,

307

texana.

309

tricostata,

307

tuberculata,

308

valida,

314

ventricosa,

815

oea yi,

309

viator.

316

vicina,

::1T

EMBAPHION,

313

concilium.

.",17

contusum,

308

depressum,

31

elongatuni,

:'.14

murlcatum,

1

planum,

309

EMMEK WITS,

::ll

acutus,

318

ater,

311

convi mis,

J12

iongulus,

312

obesus.

812

obtusus,

314

plllgUiS,

300

punctatus,

311

rugosus,

815

subopacus,

313

texanus,

K)9

EPANTIl 8,

108

1 I'll \l.( s.

315

latlmanus,

315

EPITBAGUS,

:;12

acutus.

:;1T

aimiiliuis.

ill

canallcidatus,

316

dentl i - .

311

plumbeus,

312

prulnosus,

810

Bubinetalllcus,

i

tomentosus,

313

II I IBIS,

THE TENEKKIONID.E OF AMERICA,

305

blcannata,

306

grossa,

308

obscure,

1

pubescens,

308

rufipes,

318

I i PSOPHTJS,

317

castaneus,

307

II K\ MKTOl'ON

314

aimorme.

318

blcolor,

817

• iiuvcxicolle,

307

ocbreceum,

316

punclulatum,

317

sinaluui.

308

Bodalls,

307

1.1 SATTUS,

317

convt xus,

315

costatus,

317

dlfflcills,

319

dilatatus,

308

dubius,

313

erOSUS,

.".17

laevis,

319

murlcatus,

309

productus,

316

puberulus,

318

reticulatus,

319

robustus,

313

EVSCHIDE8,

306

1 1 KK'IIIA,

306

crenata,

316

picea,

306

i VOPLTJS,

307

terrugineus,

317

CI.YITol 1 S,

312

cribralus,

311

i.n \ HUM i:i;i s.

316

cornutus,

318

HAPLANDBUS,

308

ater,

320

concolor,

320

Femorel us,

321

fulvipt s.

322

HELOPS,

321

sereus,

320

americanus.

321

angustus,

268

aratus,

270

attenuatus,

269

bachei,

270

calilomicus,

269

cisteloldes,

270

convexulus,

270

dlscretus,

269

edwardsii,

209

farctus,

270

gracilis,

269

Impolitus,

269

la-tus,

323

micans,

ISO

opacus,

360

pernltens,

263

puUus,

264

puncttpeimls,

264

rugicollls,

264

rugulosus,

Bulclpeunis,

ta Hiatus,

264

lr iritis,

20.1

tumescent

265

undulatus,

323

veuustus.

324
324
324
324

324
347

267

207
20S

268
268

292
294
293
294
294
291
294
294
294
295
294
293

282
372

.".72
372
366

341
342
365
366

339
339
391
396
•
391
396

396
394
396
396
897
395
397
394

395
392

395

NORTB OF \ll.\li 0.

Ull

vtttatus,
HOPLOCEPHAIA,
bicorols,
chalybea,
i Is,
■ ns,
vlridlpi
ll\ POPHLCEl 8,
cavus,

ileitis,
thoracicus,
ll'll I ill Mis,

rar.,
opacus,

1 1 us,

.«' PI
MiAtevfs v:ll'..

I IM'1 U \.

lav.-,
\ll< Wll S,

angustus,
HER \< o HIA.
c
contracta.

Ml KIM 8,
ISBVlS,

MEROI I MM S,

Mil JXJLISA,
marginalia,

Mli ROSCB UIA.
inasqualls,
punctata,

pu .

Bulclpennls,
MM OTROGUS,

plci

niiLTi i

■ ' ' v
Y/7 I
NOSERUS,

plica tus,
N < » 1 1 1 - 1 1 8,
ites,

granulatus,

opacus,

puberulus,

punctlcollis,

MIS.

NY( rOBATES,
barbata,

in- r

tntt rm

pi nsylvanlca,

mi ropoius,

'■Ills.

carlnata,
crlstata,
galeata,

01 "'■I.N I'll — .

anastomosis,
OOCHTLA,
0PA1 i:i\i 8,

aclculatus,

mis,
DOtUS,

sa\i.

/■ ICT08T0 '/ 1.

P m in i i;..i 5,

screus,

I'M: \\ 1 Mil -.

-

■

punctatus,

87

PELECYPH0RU8,

i in i \rm i.i.i s,

Ifornlcus,

palll'lii-

I'll M.I l.'l \

debllis,

globi

liumeralls,

llmbata,

longula,

piclpes,

•

pllifera,

rotundata,

testacea,

•

PHELLIDITJ8,

PHELLOPSIS,

oucordata,

porcata.

PHIL0LITHU8,

in i.i i ODJ 8,

ollcus,

PUStldl

I'l.A 1 \ DEMA,

amen. .11111111.

281

itum,

cya ■

cyanescetts,

ellfpticuni,

!

erythrocerum,

368

iiiiiu,

ila\ ipes,

Janus.

lie vines,

mlcans,

onese,

us,

picilabrum.

rutlcolle,

"

ruflcorne,

333

subcostatum,

POM ri.ii i;i 9,

gemluatus,

perforatus,

PB \ i ii\

■.TT

ilus,

/•/.'111/'

-'7s

KIMS \MH;l >

27?

■JTT

RHIP1DANDR1 -

lllcornls,

SCAPHIDEM \.

ii'ii' .

SCHOENH i 8,

puberulus,

SCOTOB EN1 8,

parallelus,

-i roPH \'

■

tecontel,

pallidus,

planus

-l I NOTRN in 8

rnii i

ST1B1 \.

282

I'll II. 1 r

-1 KONG) I.H M.

J7

tenuicolle,

terra natum,

BRIO,

i

mils,

molitor,

obscurus,

376

tenebi

1 11 LRS1 -.

1 i: L( HYSI I Lis

i

lla\i|M-~,

--

TR1B0LI1 M.

L7:;

[ileum,

madcns,

J7:i

TRIM) ns

282

abnormls,

272

pruinosa,

278

pulverea,

TRIOROPE

lajvls,

383

nodi

punctatus,

subpubescens,

-

TRIPHAJ ' s.

-.

perforatus.

-

1 l.uM \.

Imberbis,

-J

ini]"

■

longula,

-

mentalis,

•

punctulala,

1 L0SON1 \.

mala.

rjLus,

-lis.

obllqutts,

■

DP1S,

-

CSECHUS,

lacerta,

\\ l.nl'IM -.

■■II-.

ruflpes,

saperdo di

.Vl.s/.l.

/."I'lll l.'l s.

■

concolor,

II-.

latus,

baldemanl,

nod uli

opacus,

tristis,

-
-

i
n

261
261
261

■

■
-

-
-
-

.'71

'

A.MERI. PHILOSH. 80C. VOL. XIV. 101

102 REVISION OF THE TBNEBRIONIDjB OF AMERICA,

UNKNOWN SPECIES.

Emmenastus rugosus, Motscb., Bull. Mom-. 1845, 1, p. 76.

Dysmasthes sahlbergi, Mum.. Bull. Mosc. 1853,8, p. 265; probably Amphizoa insolens, Lee.

Eurymetopon ochraceum, Escb.. Zool. Ail. IV. p. 8, pi. Is. fig. 20; probably immature

Centrioptera caraboides, Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1845,280; see page 280.

Cryptadius inflatus, Lee., Ann. Lye. Y. p. 140; type lost.

Elcodes binotata, conjuncta, convexicollis, latiuscula and subtuberculata, Walk.. Naturalist in Brit. Col. II. pp. 328

and 829; probably well known bul not recognisable.
Eleodes subaspera, Sol., Studi Ent. II. '.Mi;. 8ee page 309.
Eleodes reflexicollis, Mann., Beitrag. 270.

Pedinus suturalis, Say, Journ. Acad. III. 263; probably an Opatrinus.
Paratenetus cribratus and gibbipennis, Motsch, Bull. Mosc. isii^, 192 ::.
Phaleria picta, Mann.. Bull. Mosc. L843, '.';;.

Hoplocepbala chalybea ami coUaris, Cast, el Brulle, Ann. Sc. Nat. '.':;. 341 and :;4T.
Platydemn politum, quadrimaculata, pallens, cyanea, Cast, el Brulle, Ann. Sc. Nat. 33.
Helops virescens, Cast. Hist. Nat. II. 235.

Helops americanus, Beam. [ns. 122, pi. 30, fig. 6. Pundulatus, I

Helops tristis. Beauv. In-. 137, pi. 30 l>. fig. 1.
Meracantha rugosft Cast. Hist. Nat. II. p. 233.

Strongylium crenatum, Makl. Mi g. 199.

Tenebrio variolosus, Brain. Ins. 163, pi. 31, fig. 8.
Tenebrio elongatus, Beauv. In-, it'.:;, pi. 81, fig. 9.
Tenebrio rufinasus, Say. Bost. Journ. 1. is;.

REMARKS.

Eleodes lecontei, Harold, Heft. VI, p. 122, proposed for sulcata \\ Lee; as the latter is already a synonym do sucb

change is necessary.
P. 1859 Catalogue, Gemm. and Harold, quote by mistake Eleodes armata, Lee., and texana, Lee, in Cerenopns.
Stenomorpha blapsoides, Sol., Ann. Ent. Soc. Fr. 1836, p. 491, pi. 13, figs. 9, 11. 12, 11: appears to be Asids rimata.

Lee., '»/■., pi. 15, fig. ::. of this work.
I loma ferruginea, Say, = Tribolium ferrug. See Lee, New Spec, p. 135.
Helops punctatus, Gemm. Col. Heft VI, 1870. = punclipennh |; Lee

CORRE< STIONS.

560. Six lines from bottom, read 'I'. perforatus, I.e.-.. nut punctat us.
" 264. After the remarks concerning E. submetallicus, add " Length .66 inch. Collected bj Major Webb,

of I . s. and Mex. Bound. Survey."
" 368. [n the descriptions of E. bicolor and sodalis, I'm- "aciculately" road "finely muricately."

272. Line T. for I). read Dr. The paragraph at bottom of page describing Z. ele ga ns. should be at the to],.

the remarks in targe type referring to it and not to nodulows.

" •.'::;. I. in,' :!. for T read I'.

" •."-:!. Line 13, for "six longitudinal costse" read "three," etc.

" 291. After B. fioridanus, for "p. ::" read "p. 111." AH matter in liranehu- after and including B. woodi.
la . ., should he in the foot-note.

" "i"i. For BoLETOPnAOiNi read Bolitophagini.

" 303. Last line, for J read £.

" 306. Line before last, for texanus read texana.

" 814. After E. pilos a, for obaque read opaque.

" 319, Line 32, for basis read bases.

" 328. Fori',, osculans read c. osculans.

" 348. Line 6 from bottom, for anescens read eenescens.

- 369. Line 16, to, Plalydema read Platydema.

" :!TS. Line 10. after "strongly" add "rounded."

NORTH OF MEXICO. 103

PLATE XIV.

Pig. 1. — Craniotus pubescent Lee. 1 a, head; 1 1>. antenna.
.'. — Stil>ia puncticollis, Horn.
3.— Trimytis pruinosa, Lee. 8 a, bead.

4. — Triphalus perforatus, Lee. t a, head.
5. — Dsechus lacerta, Motsch.
Fig. 6. — Head of Triorophus, Lee.
Fiir- T. — •• •• Auchmobius,
Fig. 8. — " and thorax of Edrotes ventricosus, I.
Fig. 0. — Batulius setosus, Lee.

Fig. 10. — Cnemodns testaceus, Horn. 10 a, head and anten'ia; 10 b, anterior leg.
Fig. 11. — Thorax "f Epitragus aruudinis, Lei
Fig. 12. — Head of •• canaliculatus, Say.

13.— " ■■ " acutus, I.

Fig. 14. — " •• •• aruudinis, Lee.

15. Araeoschizus regularis, Horn. 15 a, thorax of A. costipennis, Lee.; 1 ~> 1 ». thorax of A. sulcicollis, Horn;
15 c and d, thorax and front leg of A. armatus, Horn.
Fig. 16. — Dacoderns striaticeps, Lee.
Fij;. 1?.- Eleodes granosa, Lei .
Fig. 18.- Anepsius delicatulns, Lee
r'i:;. 19.- Qlyptotus cribratus, Lee.
Fig. 20. — Sitophagus planus, Lee.

SI.- -Polypleurus uitidus, Lee.
Akephus pallidus, Horn.
Fig. 23. — Alaudes singularis, Horn. 23 a, underside of head; 23 b, antenna.

Fig. 24. Notibius gagates, Horn. 24 a, anterior tibia of male and female "f N. puberulus, l.i k .: '.'I b, .lit t . • X. sul-
catum Lee. 24 c, ditto N. puncticollis, 1. •■-.: 24 d, ditto N. granulatus, Li
K i lt ■ ->:>- Anterior tibia of Cerenopus concolor, Lcc.

$6.— " •■ ■• cribratus, Lee.

Fig. 27. — " ■• Argoporis bicoloi Li

Fig. 28. — Hind femur of male of Argoporis bicolor I

Fig. 29.— Bulcipennis Lee.

Fig. 80.— " Cerenopus concolor, I

Fig. 31.— cribratus, Lei

Fig. 32. — Head of Cerenopus concolor, Li

41)4 REVISION OF THE TKNKUKloNlH.K OE AMERICA, &C.

PLATK XV.

Fi^. 88.— Head of Argoporia bicoloi Lei

Fig. 34.- Side riew ofLiodema, Ziinm.

Pig. 85. Scotobaenus parallelus, Lee.

Fig. 36. Eupsophus castaneus, Horn; last two joints of antenna near fig. 35.

Fig. ::T. Thorax of Cratidus osculans, Lee.

Pig. 38. ■• '• •• rotundicollis, Horn.

Fig, 39. Bmbaphion planum, Horn.

Fig. 40. — " elongatum, Horn.

Fig. n. •• depresssum, Lee.

Fig. 12. i:iiii>iil;uulius ikilirlii. iqrnis (Sturm i; 12 a, antenna.

Fig. 1.- Asida gihbicollis, Horn.

Fig. 2,_ •■ marginata (Leo.) (var. sub-cylindrica).

Fig. ::. — •• marginata (Lee.) tar.

Pi^r, 4._ •• " ,r,n\ rimata, Lee.)

Fig. 5. — •• ffigrota (Lee.)

Fig. <i. — '" scinihivi>, Horn.

Fig. 7. — " actuosa, Horn.

Fig. 8. — " confluens i Lee.)

Fig. !•. — " sexcostata, Lee.

Fig. 10. — " lirata, Lee.

Fig. 11. — '" lecontei, Horn, (costipenni* » Lee.

Fig. 12. — " " " i /■<(/•. conipivssa, Horn i.

Fig. 13.— "' captiosa, Horn.

Fig. I t. - " parallella i Lee.)

Fig. 15. — " bifurca (Lee.)

Fig. 16. — " eonBobrina, Horn.

Fig. IT. - •• luctata, Horn.

Fig. is. — Micioschatia sulcipennis, I.ec.

Fig. 19. -Astrotus eontortus, Lee.

Fig. 20. — " regularis, Horn.

I i 21. Eusattus erosus, Horn.

Fig. 33. — " costatus, Horn.

Fi-. '-':'.. —a, anterior tibia Eusattus; b, Ccelus; c, Coniontis.

Fig. 24. — a, mesosternum Centrioptera muricata, Lee.; b, ditto asperata, Horn; c, terminal antennal joints Uentii-

optera; d, ditto Crj ptoglossa.
Fig. 25. Centrioptera variolosa, Ho n.

'S,t,„.> ■ </»< ■ /A//,:,.'/,; A /. ///

//

//.///

tfl

!\

' /

24-a

« I

I

■ « -

> •

. lj

*

:

a

u

• **

y;,///. , - ' //// - ////a ulA-e: ■'■ ' ■ I '//

/til

Si

f

3

0

'■ r'iz

NOTICE.

Preceding Volumes of the New Scries can be obtained from the Librarian at the Hall
of the Society. Price, five dollars each. A Volume consists of three Parts; but separate
Parts will not be disposed of, except where it can be done without breaking a Volume.

Address. .1. V. LESLEY, Librarian.

1756