PNR RENE ai mine ; = pme a tie in = ®, © Le ® © NN LL a LL 72 À =) 7 LL æ > LL 524 F0 NN ble © | < Z Œ — © un un Z un REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE TOME 118— FASCICULE 1 Publication subventionnée par: ACADÉMIE SUISSE DES SCIENCES NATURELLES (SCNAT) VILLE DE GENÈVE SOCIÉTÉ SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE Comité de rédaction DANIELLE DECROUEZ Directrice du Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève ALICE CIBOIS, PETER SCHUCHERT Chargés de recherche au Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève Comité de lecture A. Cibois (oiseaux), G. Cuccodoro (coléoptères), S. Fisch-Muller (poissons), B. Merz (insectes, excl. coléoptères), J. Mariaux (invertébrés excl. arthropodes), M. Ruedi (mammifères), A. Schmitz (amphibiens, reptiles), P. Schwendinger (arthropodes excl. insectes). Le comité soumet chaque manuscrit pour évaluation à des experts d’institutions suisses ou étrangères selon le sujet étudié. La préférence sera donnée aux travaux concernant les domaines suivants: taxonomie, systématique, faunistique, phylogénie, évolution, morphologie et anatomie comparée. Administration MUSÉUM D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE 1211 GENÈVE 6 Internet: http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/mhng/page/rsz.htm PRIX DE L’ABONNEMENT: SUISSE Fr. 225.— UNION POSTALE Fr. 250.— (en francs suisses) Les demandes d’abonnement doivent être adressées à la rédaction de la Revue suisse de Zoologie, Muséum d'histoire naturelle, C.P. 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Suisse ANNALES de la SOCIÉTÉ SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE et du MUSÉUM D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE de la Ville de Genève tome 118 fascicule 1 2011 REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE SWISS JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY Ë s FL GENEVE MARS 2011 ISSN 0035 - 418 X REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE TOME 118— FASCICULE 1 Publication subventionnée par: ACADÉMIE SUISSE DES SCIENCES NATURELLES (SCNAT) VILLE DE GENÈVE SOCIÉTÉ SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE Comité de rédaction DANIELLE DECROUEZ Directrice du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève ALICE CIBOÏIS, PETER SCHUCHERT Chargés de recherche au Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève Comité de lecture A. Cibois (oiseaux), G. Cuccodoro (coléoptères), S. Fisch-Muller (poissons), B. Merz (insectes, excl. coléoptères), J. Mariaux (invertébrés excl. arthropodes), M. Ruedi (mammifères), A. Schmitz (amphibiens, reptiles), P. Schwendinger (arthropodes excl. insectes). Le comité soumet chaque manuscrit pour évaluation à des experts d’institutions suisses ou étrangères selon le sujet étudié. La préférence sera donnée aux travaux concernant les domaines suivants: taxonomie, systématique, faunistique, phylogénie, évolution, morphologie et anatomie comparée. Administration MUSÉUM D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE 1211 GENÈVE 6 Internet: http:/www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/mhng/page/rsz.htm PRIX DE L’ ABONNEMENT: SUISSE Fr. 225.— UNION POSTALE Fr. 250.— (en francs suisses) Les demandes d’abonnement doivent être adressées à la rédaction de la Revue suisse de Zoologie, Muséum d'histoire naturelle, C.P. 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Suisse REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 3-10; mars 2011 New reports of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Tunisia Sonia ZRELLI!*, Moncef BOUMAIZA!, Mustapha BEJAOUTI!, Jean-Luc GATTOLLIAT? & Michel SARTORI? l Unit of Hydrobiology, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia. E-mails: zr_sonia@ yahoo.fr, moncef_boumaiza@ yahoo.com, bejaouimustapha@ yahoo.fr 2 Museum of Zoology, Palais de Rumine, Place Riponne 6, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland. E-mails: jean-luc.gattolliat@ vd.ch, michel.sartori@ vd.ch * Corresponding author New reports of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Tunisia. - Four species of Ephemeroptera are recorded for the first time from Tunisia: Sparbarus kabyliensis (Caenidae), Habrophlebia consiglioi (Lepto- phlebiidae), Nigrobaetis rhithralis and Procloeon stagnicola (Baetidae). The genus Nigrobaetis is mentioned for the first time from Tunisia; H. consiglioi is reported for the first time from North Africa and is not an en- demic to Sardinia. All these species were collected in streams located in Northern Tunisia. The eggs of Sparbarus kabyliensis are described for the first time. Keywords: Ephemeroptera - Habrophlebia consiglioi - Sparbarus kaby- liensis - Procloeon stagnicola - Nigrobaetis rhithralis - eggs - Northern Tunisia. INTRODUCTION Important advances in the knowledge of Ephemeroptera from North Africa we- re made recently, especially from Algeria and Morocco. A checklist of mayflies from North Africa is provided by Thomas (1998) and encompasses 69 species and 3 sub- species, with 21 named and 5 unnamed species listed from Tunisia. Only one species has been described from this country: Baetis punicus (Thomas ef al., 1983). Investigations led by the first author in several regions of North Tunisia made new collections available. The identification of the specimens was done in the labora- tory of Hydrobiology in the Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (Tunisia) and in the Museum of zoology in Lausanne (Switzerland). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study area covers the most important streams located in northern Tunisia (Fig. 1; Table 1). The samples were collected by means of a sieve and a net having a mesh size of 0.3mm in shallow areas of the various running waters. The mayflies were preserved in alcohol solution (70%). For detailed examination, some were dissected Manuscript accepted 22.03.2010 4 S. ZRELLI ET AL. under the stereo microscope and were mounted on slides in Canadian balsam after a short stay in Creosote solution. The eggs of Ephemeroptera show a great variability of morphological patterns, which have been used to solve taxonomic problems and to establish systematic relationships (Koss & Edmunds, 1974; Gaino ef al., 2001). Egg procedure for Scanning Electronic Microscope study was as following: dehydrated in increasing concentrations of ethanol (80%, 90%, 95%) until absolute ethanol. Eggs mounted, sputter coated with gold-palladium and finally examined with JSM-6300F scanning electron microscope with working voltages of 5 KV (Ubero- Pascal & Puig, 2007). Most of the material is deposited in the Laboratory of Environment B1o- monitoring in Jarzouna, Tunisia, with vouchers specimens housed in the Museum of zoology, Lausanne, Switzerland. TABLE 1. Geographic coordinates and altitude of different studied sites. Sites Coordinates Alt. (m) Il Joumine 36.96262N 9.52446E 90 2'ANiatine 37.19808N 9.22550E 7 3Qu Béja 36.76083N 9.19439E 176 4,11 Lasier 36.77294N 8.77205E 484 5 Bransia 36.78105N 8.75175E 588 6 Mri] 36.75168N 8.69082E SAT 7 Labgâa 36.74951N 8.69700E 563 8 Berbeg 36.74968N 8.69693E 558 9 Mouagène 36.48532N 8.30560E vi 10 Ennour 36.80072N 8.65871E 418 il Ellil 36.72023N 8.73394E 237 12 Bouhertma 36.63460N 8.93201E 130 13 Edmen 36.72349N 8.69127E 631 14 Amor amont 36.92177N 8.74051E 12 15 Amor aval 36.92844N 8.75577E 3 160 KÉDIr 36.91899N 8.75425E 9 17 Ksar Mezouar 36.78287N 9.33666E 236 18 Lâarima 36.80060N 9.20833E 382 19 Maleh 37.10629N 9.54025E 16 20 Kloufi 37.19621N 9.58537E 2 21 Zaouit Magaiz 36.94437N 10.88759E 16 22 Abid 36.86725N 10.72477E 2 23 Chiba 36.71993N 10.73466E 94 24 Rennagha 36.85997N 8.72096E 58 25 El Mâadene 36.97006N 9.08503E 38 26 Ghzéla 36.64313N 8.69852E 229 SYSTEMATICS Family Caenidae Sparbarus kabyliensis (Soldän, 1986) Brachycercus kabyliensis Soldän, 1986 Brachycercus sp.: Dakki & El Agbani, 1983 Brachycercus sp.: Zrelli er al., 2006 MATERIAL EXAMINED: Loc. 1 (Joumine 24-X-2005). EPHEMEROPTERA OF TUNISIA 5 Mediterranean Sea el 17 22 | LA à 23 Algérie ) Se 2 ù | His < \K Re A 0 100 Km AS ————— FIG. 1 Map of the study area showing the different prospected sites: Numbers according to table 1 REMARKS: A recent worldwide revision of the subfamily Brachycercinae by Sun & McCafferty (2008), allows us to reconsider the former identification of some nymphs attributed to the genus Brachycercus Curtis, 1835. Our material 1s in perfect accordance with the diagnosis and characters of Sparbarus. In peculiar, our specimens lack a posteromedial process at the base of the operculate gills, as well as operculate gills with ventral submarginal rows, but without a longitudinal ridge in the sublateral area nor a protruding edge at the posterolateral corner. In Brachycercus, abdominal ter- gum IT has a process at the base of the operculate gills; the posterolateral corner of the operculate gills 1s distinctly more developed than the posteromedial corner. Egg morphology: Length about 200um. Shape elongate-ovate (Figs 2-3). Polar cap about one-third length of entire egg, without tubercles. Two linear micropyles per egg and a chorion with about 12 broad costae in lateral half (Figs 4-5). This species was first described from Algeria (Soldän, 1986), but was already mentioned from Morocco by Dakki & El Agbani (1983); and later from Tunisia by Zrelli ef al. (006). The distribution of Sparbarus kabyliensis is restricted to a maritime humid zone of North Africa (Gagneur & Thomas, 1988). In Tunisia, this species is very rare and has been sampled in a single stream in North Tunisia, the Joumine stream (main tributary of the Ichkeul lake) situated at 90m as. This species is the only Brachycercinae so far known from North Africa. Family Leptophlebiidae Habrophlebia consiglioi Biancheri, 1959 Habrophlebia sp.: Boumaiza & Thomas, 1986 Habrophlebia sp.: Thomas, 1998 MATERIAL EXAMINED: loc. 4 (Lasfer 30-IV-2006). — loc. 5 (Bransia 24-V-2005). — loc. 6 (Mrij 25-V-2005). — loc. 8 (Berbeg 24-V-2005). — loc. 9 (Mouagène 29-VI-2005). — loc. 10 6 S. ZRELLI ET AL. 2 [a km AB EE © rm m FIGs 2-5 Sparbarus kabyliensis (2) Cluster of eggs (3) General aspect of egg (4) Details of chorionic sur- face of egg. (5) Detail of micropyle (Mp). (Ennour 24-V-2005, 28-VI-2005). — loc. 13 (Edmen 15-V-2005). — loc. 18 (Lâarima 25-IV- 2009). — loc. 24 (Rennagha 30-IV-2006). — loc. 25 (EI Mâadene 30-[V-2006). REMARKS: The genus Habrophlebia includes six West Palearctic species (Alba- Tercedor, 2000), and is represented in North Africa by two of them: Æ. fusca (Curtis, 1834) and FH. vaillantorum Thomas. 1986 (Thomas ef al., 1999). In Morocco, two species are recorded, A. fusca and H. vaillantorum. In Algeria, only H. fusca is known, and in Tunisia this genus is represented by Habrophlebia sp. and H. fusca but this latter record by Kraiem (1986) is probably erroneous (see Thomas, 1998 for complete references therein). Habrophlebia consiglioi can be distinguished from H. fusca and H. lauta as follows: in Æ. consiglioi nymphs, teeth on the posterior margin of the abdominal terga are of triangular shape, whereas such teeth are quadrangular in H. fusca. Dorsal face of femur with setae pointed and feathered in H. consiglioi, contrary to H. lauta where they are blunt and entire (Belfiore & Gaino, 1984). Larvae of H. consiglioi are also distinguished by the gills baring a small num- ber of filaments in the ventral lamella (1-3) and in the dorsal lamella (3-6) contrary to H. eldae for which the number of filaments is respectively (3-5) and (5-11). Our investigations of the egg morphology (Figs 6-8) indicates that chorionic structure of the Tunisian specimens is similar to those from Sardinia (Mazzini & EPHEMEROPTERA OF TUNISIA 7 ER, as 7 FiGs 6-8 Habrophlebia consiglioi. (6) Overall view of the egg. (7) Detail of chorionic surface of egg with costae showing pores. (8) Detail of micropyle (Mp) Gaino, 1985), bringing further arguments, besides the similarity of the larvae, for the conspecificity of both populations. The discovery of H. consiglioi in Tunisia is of major importance. This 1s not only the first report of the species in North Africa, but it proves that the species is not endemic to Sardinia as previously thought (Buffagni et al., 2003). To our knowledge, this is the first time such a distribution (Sardinia-Tunisia) is mentioned for circum Mediterranean mayflies. At the moment, we have no information allowing us to decide if H. consiglioi originated from Sardinia and colonized subsequently Tunisia, or the contrary as recently shown for some reptiles (Carranza ef al., 2008). AIT populations of H. consiglioi in Tunisia are restricted to streams of the Northwest area. Family Baetidae Nigrobaetis rhithralis (Soldän & Thomas, 1983) Baetis rhithralis Soldän & Thomas, 1983 Diphetor rhithralis: Waltz et al., 1994 Nigrobaetis rhithralis: Lugo-Ortiz & de Moor, 2000 Baetis rhithralis: Jacob, 2003 8 S. ZRELLI ET AL. MATERIAL EXAMINED: loc. 2 (Ziatine 30 IV 06). — loc. 3 (Béja 27-III-2006). — loc. 7 (Labgâa 31-I11-2006). — loc. 11 (Ellil 27-VII-2005, 30-IV-2006). — loc. 17 (Ksar Mezouar 24-X- 2005). REMARKS: The concept of the genus Nigrobaetis is discussed by Waltz et al. (1994) and Gattolliat (2004). Thirty one species are known with 14 in the Palearctic region (Waltz ef al., 1994: Waltz & McCafferty, 1997; Lugo-Ortiz & de Moor, 2000). The generic attribution of Nigrobaetis rhithralis was subject of several changes. It does not belong to Diphetor as cited by El Alami ef al. (2000) because it lacks the distinctive bifid prostheca of the right mandible characteristic of that genus (Lugo- Ortiz & de Moor, 2000). The distribution of Diphetor 1s restricted to the North of the Nearctic area (Lugo-Ortiz & de Moor, 2000). Müller-Liebenau (1969) divided the genus Baetis in several species groups, a part of them subsequently raised to sub- generic or generic level. The attempt of Jacob (2003) to gather again genera such as Nigrobaetis, Alainites and Labiobaetis into Baetis is no more tenable as Müller- Liebenau’s concept of Baetis has been proven to be highly polyphyletic (Monaghan ef al., 2005; Gattolliat & Sartori, 2008). Nigrobaetis rhithralis perfectly matches the concept of Nigrobaetis as defined in Waltz ef al. (1994). The presence of the genus Nigrobaetis (first record) and the species N. rhithra- lis in Tunisia 1s not surprising as this species was originally described from Algeria and was subsequently reported from Morocco (El Alami ef al., 2000). Procloeon stagnicola Soldän & Thomas, 1983 Procloeon sp.: Thomas, 1998 MATERIAL EXAMINED: loc 1 (Joumine 06-IV-2009). — loc. 3 (Béja 27-II1-2006). — loc. 11 (Ellil 30-VI-2006. 27-VII-2005). — loc. 12 (Bouhertma 04-X-2005). — loc. 14 (Amor amont 30-IV-2006). — loc. 15 (Amor aval 30-IV-2006). — loc. 16 (Kébir 28-VI-2005). — loc. 20 (Kloufi 26-11-2006). — loc. 21 (Zaouit El Magafz 09-I1-2006). — loc. 22 (Abid 27 IV 06).— loc. 23 (Chiba 27-IV-2006). — loc. 26 (Ghzéala 30-V-2005). REMARKS: In North African region, the genus Procloeon is represented by three species: P. concinnum Eaton, 1885, P. pennulatum (Eaton, 1870), P. stagnicola Soldän & Thomas, 1983. Boumaiza & Thomas (1995) mentioned the presence of this genus in Tunisia but without specific attribution. Several larvae belonging to the genus Procloeon were included in the material collected in many streams of northern watersheds of Tunisia. Based on the morpholo- gical characters such as the presence of lateral spines on abdominal segments VI to IX, the shape of the gills and the absence of hindwings, specimens were assigned to Procloeon stagnicola (Soldän & Thomas, 1983). It constitutes the first record of this species from Tunisian running waters, and also the first mention since its original description from Algeria. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Our sincere thanks are due to Mme Geneviève L’Eplattenier for her technical help and to the staff of the Electronic Microscope Center (CME) of Lausanne Uni- versity for their help and advices, especially Antonio Mucciolo. The first author is grateful to all the members of Museum of Zoology in Lausanne for hosting her to conduct stage research within their laboratory: special thanks to Pascale Derleth for her encouragements and advices. EPHEMEROPTERA OF TUNISIA 9 REFERENCES ALBA-TERCEDOR, J. 2000. Habrophlebia antoninoi Sp.n., a new species from Spain, with an ac- count of the European species of Habrophlebia, Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae, Habrophlebrinae). Aquatic Insects 22: 1-7. BELFIORE, C. & GaAINO, E. 1984. Le specie italiane del genere Habrophlebia Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Bollettino Associazione Romana di Entomologia 39: 11-18. BOUMAIZA, M. & THOMAS, À. G. B. 1995. Distribution and ecological limits of Baetidae vs the other mayfly families in Tunisia: a first evaluation (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 131: 27-33. BUFFAGNI, À., BELFIORE, C., ERBA, S., KEMP, J. L. & CAZZOLA, M. 2003. 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Complementary description of Habrophlebia vaillan- torum Thomas, 1986 in comparison with H. fusca (Curtis, 1834) (Ephemeroptera, Lepto- phlebiidae). Ephemera 1: 9-21. THOMAS, A. G. B. 1998. A provisional checklist of the mayflies of North Africa (Ephemero- ptera). Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 134: 13-20. THOMAS, A. G. B., BOUMAIZA, M. & SOLDAN, T. 1983. Baetis punicus n.sp., Ephéméroptère nou- veau de Tunisie (Baetidae). Annales de Limnologie 19: 107-111. UBERO-PASCAL, N. & PUIG, M. A. 2007. Egg morphology update based on new chorionic data of Potamanthus luteus (Linnaeus), Ephemera danica Müller and Oligoneuriella rhenana (Imhoff) (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) obtained by scanning electron microscopy. Zootaxa 1465: 15-29. WALTZ, R. D. & MCCAFFERTY, W. P. 1997. New generic synonymies in Baetidae (Ephemero- ptera). Entomological News 108: 134-140. WALTZ, R. D., MCCAFFERTY, W. P. & THOMAS, A. 1994. Systematics of Alainites n. gen., Diphetor, Indobaetis, Nigrobaetis n. stat., and Takobia n. stat. (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 130: 33-36. ZRELLI, S., BEJAOUI, M., KORBAA, M. & BOUMAIZA, M. 2006. First record of the genus Brachycercus Curtis, 1834 in Tunisia (Ephemeroptera, Caenidae). Zoologica Baetica 17: 91-92. REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 11-15; mars 2011 Pseudoblothrus infernus sp. n. (Pseudoscorpiones, Syarinidae) from the Hôlloch cave (Schwyz, Switzerland), with new records of Pseudoblothrus strinatii Vachon from Switzerland and France Volker MAHNERT Muséum d'histoire naturelle, case postale 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland. E-mail: volker.mahnert@wanadoo.fr Pseudoblothrus infernus sp. n. (Pseudoscorpiones, Syarinidae) from the Hôlloch cave (Schwyz, Switzerland), with new records of Pseudo - blothrus strinatii Vachon from Switzerland and France. - The new species Pseudoblothrus infernus n. sp. 1s described from the Hôlloch cave in the canton of Schwyz, Switzerland. It is the third species of this genus recorded from this country. New records are given for Pseudoblothrus stri- natii Vachon, found in caves of the Jura Mountains of Switzerland (canton of Neuchâtel) and in France (Doubs department). Keywords: Biospeleology - taxonomy. INTRODUCTION The Pseudoscorpion family Syarinidae is represented in Europe by four genera, two of which (Pseudoblothrus Beier and Hadoblothrus Beier) are strictly troglobiont and considered to be thermophilous relict forms of the Tertiary (Beier, 1970; Strinati, 1966). Nine Pseudoblothrus species have been described from caves in Italy, Portugal (Azores Archipelago), Switzerland and Ukraine. In Switzerland, Pseudoblothrus stri- natii Vachon has been recorded from four caves of the Jura Mountains (cantons of Neuchâtel and Jura), and a second species, Pseudoblothrus thiebaudi Vachon, from two caves in the Alps (cantons of Bern and Vaud). Dr Ulrich Jôrin (Zurich) first sent me a photograph of a pseudoscorpion collected in the Hülloch cave (“Hell’s Hole”; canton of Schwyz) representing almost certainly a Pseudoblothrus species. The study of the specimen confirmed the generic position and revealed a new species described below. The Hülloch is one of the most frequently visited caves in Switzerland, one of the biggest caves in the world, with about 200 km of galleries and corridors, extending to a depth of more than 900 m. Despite intensive speleological exploration, knowledge of its fauna is fragmentary and no true troglobiont arachnid species has yet been recorded. The occurrence of this pseudoscorpion species 1s therefore surprising, since it seems to be more related to P. strinatii from caves in the Jura Mts than to P. thiebaudi from two geographically closer caves in the Alps (Vachon, 1969). Its close relationship with P. strinatii can be compared with the geographical distribution of two troglobiontic insect species (Lito - campa (=Plusiocampa) sollaudi (Denis), Diplura, Campodeidae, and Pseudosinella vandeli relicta Gisin, Collembola, Entomobryidae) which are considered by Strinati Manuscript accepted 21.04.2010 4 12 V. MAHNERT (1966) and Stomp (1977) as thermophilous relicts whose ancestors invaded subter- ranean habitats during the great glaciations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimen was mounted on a temporary slide, in glycerine, and studied under a Nikon Optiphot compound microscope, drawings were done with a Nikon drawing tube. The specimen and dissected parts (legs I and IV, pedipalp, chelicera) are conserved together in alcohol. Trichobothrial nomenclature follows Chamberlin (1931). AII studied specimens are deposited in the collections of the Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland (MHNG, without registration number). DESCRIPTIONS Pseudoblothrus strinatii Vachon NEW RECORDS: MHNG, Switzerland, Jura Mountains, Boudry (canton of Neuchâtel), source de Combe-Garot, gorges de l’Areuse, 533 m a.s.l., found in a water filtrating net; 8.1X.1985, leg. P. Moeschler: 1 protonymph. - MHNG, France, Département Doubs, Chenecey- Buillon, gouffre des Granges-Mathieu, piège: 18.VIIL.1968, leg. H. Colin: 1 tritonymph. REMARKS: The “source de Combe-Garot” is also where the harpactoid Gelyella monardi Moeschler & Rouch, 1988 (Crustacea) was collected, again by water fil- tration. Since the protonymph of P. strinatii is undescribed, specific identification 1s based on geographical considerations. Three males from the cave “Grand creux de Montfaucon (cave BE 37 in Strinati, 1966) show the following proportions of pedipalpal patella and chela (with pedicel): patella 4.2-4.7 times longer than broad (0.89-1.00 mm/0.21 mm), chela with pedicel 5.6-5.9 times longer than broad (1.65-1.86 mm/0.29-0.31 mm), finger 14-15 times longer than hand with pedicel. These proportions are more slender than those indicated for the holotype from the Grotte de Pertuis (Strinati, 1966: cave NE 26 by Vachon, 1957). AIT three males possess three patches of glandular setae in their ventral gland. Pseudoblothrus infernus sp. n. Figs 1-9 SPECIMEN EXAMINED: MHNG: holotype 1 4 ; Switzerland, canton of Schwyz, Muotathal, Hôlloch (Strinati, 1966: SZ 1), carstic corridor named “Konsummeile”, (‘substrats de sable et limon, mouillé”), near waste of old bivouac (‘près d’un dépôt de dechets (20 m) d’un bivouac”: U. Jôrin, in litt.), 1500 m from entrance, 200 m depth; 27.12.2009, leg. U. Jôrin & M. Pulfer. DIAGNOSIS: The presence, in the male, of ventral glands on sternite VI and the smooth pedipalpal femur and hand places P. infernus sp. n. close to P. strinatii. The new species differs by the morphology of the ventral glands (only two patches of glan- dular setae vs three in srrinatii), the number of setae on anterior margin of cephalo - thorax (4 vs 6 in strinatii) and by the more slender pedipalpal chela (6.4 times longer than broad vs 5.5-5.9 times in strinatii). Ventral glands are absent in P. fhiebaudi Vachon. DESCRIPTION: Cephalothorax and pedipalps reddish brown, tergites I and II large, brown, the following narrower, yelowish. PSEUDOBLOTHRUS FROM SWITZERLAND 13 2 #1 À Le A FiGs 1-9 Pseudoblothrus infernus sp. n., 4 holotype. (1) Cephalothorax. (2) Sternites IT (anterior genital operculum) and III. (3) Teratological lateral seta of sternite V. (4) Ventral gland on sternite VI. (5) Left chelicera. (6-7) Left pedipalp. (8) Trichobothrial pattern, with details of tip of movable finger (higher magnification). (9) Left leg IV, with subterminal seta (higher magnification). Scale units 0.1 mm. 14 V. MAHNERT © Foto ACH FIG. 10 Pseudoblothrus infernus sp. n., holotype, alive; copyright Dr Ulrich Jôrin, Zurich. Cephalothorax (Fig. 1) 1.6 times longer than broad, without eyes or eyespots, with two distinct tranverse furrows, the subbasal one narrower; middle of anterior margin broadly rounded: 33 setae (4 at anterior, 6 at posterior margin). Chaetotaxy of tergites I-XI: 5-9-10-10-13-12-13-13-8(2 lateral, 2 sublateral tactile setae)-7(4 tactile setae); manducatory lobe with 1(right) or 2(left) setae, pedipalpal coxa smooth, 7-8 setae, coxa I 5, II 7-8, II 2-3, IV 7-8; anterior genital operculum with 16 setae (6 me- dian marginal setae) (F1g. 2), genital chamber with 2 unmodified setae, sternite III: 12 + 6 median discal setae + 4 suprastigmal setae, IV 12 + 7 median discal setae + 4 suprastigmal setae, V 15 + 6 median discal setae (one lateral seta abnormal, T-shaped: Fig. 3; a similar teratology was described for a sternophorid pseudoscorpion from Dominican amber: Judson, 1998), VI 16 + ventral gland + 2 median discal setae, VII 16, VII 16, IX 14, X 14, XI 12 (4 tactile setae); anal cone 2+2 setae; ventral gland (Fig. 4) in a round central depression on sternite VI, with two patches of glandular tubules (17/8). Chelicera (Fig. 5) with 5 long setae on hand, fixed finger with 13 pointed teeth, the distal ones smaller, movable finger with 10 pointed teeth of varying length, sub - galeal seta reaching tip of finger, spinneret absent, serrula exterior With 23, serrula interior With 16 lamellae, rallum composed of six setae, apparently only the distal one finely dentate. Pedipalps (Figs 6-8) smooth, trochanter 3.0 times longer than broad, with a ti- ny button-like ventral tubercle, femur indistinctly club-shaped, 6.4 times, patella 4.5 ti- mes longer than broad, pedicel short, hand cylindrical, with pedicel 2.5 times longer than broad, chela with pedicel 6.4 times, without pedicel 6.1 times longer than broad; finger 1.6 times longer than hand with pedicel, fixed finger with 94 small pointed teeth, movable finger with about 88 small teeth, only the 15 distal ones pointed, distalmost tooth of row large and more lateral, venom duct in fixed finger very short. Tricho - bothrial pattern similar to that of P. strinatii and P. thiebaudi, ib shghtly basal to eb, esb slightly nearer to isb than to eb, the four distal trichobothria equidistant from each other; a small sensillum distal of b. PSEUDOB LOTHRUS FROM S WITZERLAND 15 Leg I: femur 5.6 times longer than deep and 1.8 times longer than patella, the latter 3.3 times longer than deep, tibia 6.4 times, basitarsus 4.1 times, telotarsus 6.0 times longer than deep and 1.3 times longer than basitarsus; leg IV (Fig. 9): femur+ patella 6.0 times longer than deep, tibia 7.5 times, basitarsus 4.3 times, telotarsus 3.9 times longer than deep and 1.1 times longer than basitarsus; no distinct tactile setae present, subterminal seta finely dentate, arolia undivided and distinctly shorter than the thin and smooth claws. Measurements (length/depth in mm): total length 2.4; cephalothorax 0.87/0.53; pedipalps: trochanter 0.55/0.18, femur 1.10/0.17, patella 0.98/0.22, pedicel 0.24, hand with pedicel 0.71/0.29, pedicel 0.07, finger length 1.15, chela length with pedicel 1.82; leg I: femur 0.58/0.10, patella 0.32/0.10, tibia 0.46/0.07, basitarsus 0.27/0.07, telo- tarsus 0.34/0.06; leg IV: femur+patella 0.92/0.15, tibia 0.74/0.10, basitarsus 0.36/0.08, telotarsus 0.41/0.10. ETYMOLOGIE: The species epithet is a Latin adjective, meaning belonging to (or coming from) the underworld. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My sincere thanks go to Dr Ulrich Jürin for providing the specimen of the new species and for his permission to publish the photograph. I am also indebted to Dr Claude Besuchet and Mr Pascal Moeschler (Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Geneva) who, years ago, gave me specimens of Pseudoblothrus strinatii. Dr Pierre Strinati (Cologny) helped with bibliographic research. I thank also an unnamed referee and Dr Peter Schwendinger (Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Geneva) for valuable comments and linguistic improvements. REFERENCES BEIER, M. 1970. Reliktformen in der Pseudoscorpioniden-Fauna Europas. Memorie della Società entomologica Italiana 58: 317-323. CHAMBERLIN, J. C. 1931. The arachnid order Chelonethida. Stanford University Publications, University series (Biological Sciences) 7: 1-284. JUDSON, M. L. I. 1998. A sternophorid pseudoscorpion (Chelonethi) in Dominican amber, with remarks on the family. The Journal of Arachnology 26: 419-428. STOMP, N. 1977. Beitrag zum Studium der schweizerischen Hôhlenfauna. Apterygoten aus dem Hôlloch (Insecta). Revue suisse de Zoologie 84: 191-199. STRINATI, P. 1966. Faune cavernicole de la Suisse. Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris : 484 pp. VACHON, M. 1957. Remarques morphologiques et anatomiques sur les Pseudoscorpions (Arachnides) appartenant au genre Pseudoblothrus (Beïier) (Fam. Syarinidae J.C.C.) (à propos de la description de P. strinatii n.sp., des cavernes de Suisse). Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle Paris (2) 26: 212-219. VACHON, M. 1969. Remarques sur la famille des Syarinidae J.C. Chamberlin (Arachnides, Pseudoscorpions) à propos de la description d’une nouvelle espèce: Pseudoblothrus thie- baudi, habitant les cavernes de Suisse. Revue suisse de Zoologie 76: 387-396. sit allo matt où aterethéh runs 10 a} 5 21e E méine it ‘ER D culs Of € tr AU se anis rvetothé nie a ur ST: Ve. Pa SRE 7 + | 'tlutvomt 3 En ui | us ]_uraotiete 16 tn CL : À ne LL FES 27, ee Ci por nc RTE À «1 li È Mes ru dl ( ü hi] run fe TRE din pan fl it Ve | | TU Ê Es - Ad fer -d'émNaE L L LÉLALS 14 Lol nu . en era) Vbrés tete sf LE SO RIR IE." LUE € 3e ones dar Lémiquimtr A is C'egdens ail radeés étute GAUtir mas asc tas nl sralleatie mr (AN 2 SAN MEME EE NNES à svt nr pu 3 ot pen NT | Te SE 201 M. | paré deg mn : LR puv< , à ER lun 2 s': y Dié Dre. À » “ot à LE à sÂnm! FR CE . M ê à EL : : 2OUY 0 ra Po «D A PRE) ES Le hi L ve vu DOUrs er -- : ‘ei te este vo safe À ee À CRPRSTENS CESR, D 7 Hole Start li (ab to à Me RAP . 0 4 È L : {' : RE CAR HE Ve . Ov paie TA ; REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 17-29; mars 2011 New records of pseudoscorpions from the Juan Fernandez Islands (Chile), with the description of a new genus and three new species of Chernetidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones). Volker MAHNERT Muséum d'histoire naturelle, case postale 6434, CH-1211 Geneva 6, Switzerland. E-mail: volker.mahnert@wanadoo.fr New records of pseudoscorpions from the Juan Fernandez Islands (Chile), with the description of a new genus and three new species of Chernetidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones). - The new genus Se/acho - chernes gen. n. with the type species S. allodentatus sp. n. (4 only) is described from Masatierra. The new genus is characterized by a rallum of 4 setae, the absence of a tactile seta on tarsus of leg IV, the very unusual dentition of the chelal fingers and the presence of only 3 trichobothria on the movable chelal finger. Chelanops gracilipes Sp. n. and Chelanops gracili- palpus Sp. n. are described from Masatierra. Neocheiridium tenuisetosum Beier, 1959 is recorded from this archipelago for the first time, Lechytia kuscheli Beier, 1957 is briefly redescribed. Additional records are given for species previously recorded from the Juan Fernandez Islands. Keywords: Selachochernes - Chelanops - Neocheiridium - taxonomy. INTRODUCTION The pseudoscorpion fauna of the Juan Fernandez Islands (Chile) has previous- ly been known from Beier’s (1955, 1957) publications based on the collections consti- tuted by Rev. Dr G. Kuschel. Eleven species were recorded from Masatierra (8 species) and from Masafuera (4 species), one of them being common to both islands. Most genera and species are endemic to the archipelago, only one species (Parazaona Sp.) seems to be introduced (found in a house). The genus Srigmachernes Beier, 1957 was subsequently synonymized by Muchmore (1999) with Chelanops Gervais, 1849. Years ago, Dr T. Kronestedt (Stockholm) sent me for study, together with other South American material, some specimens from Juan Fernandez Islands (Masatierra) collected by K. Bäckstrôm during the Swedish Pacific Expedition of 1916/17, and by C. Skottsberg in 1955/56. Additionally, the late Prof. F. di Castri had sent to the Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Genève, the pseudoscorpion collection of the late Dr V. Vitali-di Castri with partly identified samples from different localities on mainland Chile. Amongst the unidentified pseudoscorpions, I came across a small collection made by Prof. H. Franz (Vienna) during his stay on Masatierra in 1968, which includes already recorded species, but also a new genus and two new species. The origin of these samples could be identified with the help of Ch. Hôürweg (Vienna), who sent me copies of the hand-written lists of H. Franz. Manuscript accepted 27.04.2010 18 V. MAHNERT The Vitali-di Castri collection also included material sent on loan to her by the National Museum of Natural History, Budapest, Hungary (type specimens and species from Argentina collected by Gy. Topal in 1961 and published by Beier, 1964b), which has now been returned to Budapest (Dr S. Mahunka). Type specimens collected by G. Kuschel in Chile (Beier, 1964a) and on Juan Fernandez Islands (Beïer, 1955, 1957) have been returned to the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna (Austria) (Mag. Ch. Hürweg), whence 1t had probably been obtained on loan. Unfortunately, most samples in the Vitali-di Castri collection do not have precise labels, only codes, without accompanying explanatory notes. Some codes concerning samples from mainland Chile could be deciphered, but the major part awaits such clarification, the codes corresponding probably to field numbers of eco- logical surveys carried out by F. di Castri in different regions of Chile. The holo- and paratypes of the new species are deposited in the Muséum d'histoire naturelle Genève, Switzerland (MHNG, without registration number). Terminology of the trichobothria follows Chamberlin (1931). Length/breadth ratio 1s given for pedipalpal segments in dorsal view, except for chelal hand and chela in Chthoniidae, where a length/depth ratio 1s given, because that was measured in la- teral view. ABBREVIATIONS T... tritonymph; D... deutonymph; P... protonymph: MHNG Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève (Switzerland) NHMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien (Austria) NRMS Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm (Sweden) S.P.E. Swedish Pacific Expedition LIST OF IDENTIFIED SPECIES ALREADY KNOWN FROM THE ARCHIPELAGO Lechytia kuscheli Beier, 1957 MATERIAL STUDIED: MHNG, 1 9; Juan Fernandez Is., Masatierra, forest above Puerto Ingles, 14.X1.1968, leg. H. Franz (Sa 197-198). - MHNG, 1 P; Juan Fernandez Is., ex coll. V.Vitali-di Castri (OT-2). REMARKS: The species is known from different localities on Masatierra; the unique female is characterized as follows. Cephalothorax as long as broad (0.40 mm/0.40 mm); pedipalpal femur 4.3 times longer than broad (0.42 mm/0.10 mm) and 2.0 times longer than patella, which is 1.8 times longer than broad (0.21 mm/0.12 mm); hand 1.7 times longer than deep (0.27 mm/0.16 mm), chela 4.0 times longer than deep (length 0.63 mm); finger 1.5 times (length 0.39 mm) longer than hand. Chelal fingers with about 36 low and partly indistinct teeth (their canals still visible in tooth lamella): apical seta of pedipalpal coxa simple, apex sinoid; coxa of leg I with a pointed anterior projection. Muchmore (1975) distinguished two groups in the genus Lechytia by the form of the apical seta on the pedipalpal coxa, which 1s either furcate (e.g. L. sini Muchmore, arborea Muchmore, chthoniiformis Balzan) or simple (e.g. L. hoffi Muchmore, L. kuscheli, and L. chilensis Beier). PSEUDOSCORPIONS FROM JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS 19 Geogarypus bucculentus Beier, 1955 MATERIAL STUDIED: NRMS, 1 T; Masatierra, under bark, S.P.E. no. 443, 3.1V.1917, leg. K. Bäckstrôm. — MHNG, 36 29 4T; Masatierra, forest above Juan Bautista, leg. H. Franz (SA 186). Neocheiridium tenuisetosum Beier, 1959 MATERIAL STUDIED: NRMS, 19; Masatierra, without date and exact locality, leg. K. Bäckstrôm (S.PE.). SHORT DESCRIPTION: Setae of carapace fine, acute and usually simple, those of tergites slightly longer, acute, curved, partly with a tiny tooth; cephalothorax broader than long (0.40 mm/0.51 mm); chelicerae: rallum with 4 setae, distal one large, velum- like; pedipalps: trochanter 1.55 times longer than broad (0.20 mm/0.13 mm), femur 5.15 times (0.46 mm/0.09 mm), patella 3.5 times (0.37 mm/0.11 mm), hand with pedicel 2.1 times longer than broad and 1.9 times longer than finger, length of finger 0.19 mm, chela with pedicel 3.2 times longer than broad (length 0.50 mm): 5 + 1 tri- chobothria on chelal fingers, each finger with 7 cusped teeth distally. Leg I: femur+ patella 4.0 times longer than deep (0.27 mm/0.07 mm), tibia 3.1 times (0.18 mm/0.06 mm), tarsus 4.6 times longer than deep (0.19 mm/0.04 mm); leg IV: femur+patella 5.1 times longer than deep (0.37 mm/0.07 mm), tibia 4.7 times (0.26 mm/0.06 mm), tarsus 5.6 times (0.25 mm/0.04 mm) longer than deep. This is the first record of this species since its description from Argentina (Bariloche, Rio Negro), hence it represents a new element for the fauna of the Juan Fernandez Islands. Asterochernes vittatus Beier, 1955 MATERIAL STUDIED: MHNG, 1 P 1D: Juan Fernandez Islands, without data. ex coll. Vitali- di Castri (JF-66-I; OTS-1-A). - MHNG:; 2T 1D; Masatierra, forest above Puerto Ingles, 14.X1.1968, leg. H. Franz (SA 197-198). REMARK: No adult female of this species was available, I show therefore the spermatheca of Asterochernes kuscheli Beier from mainland Chile (Fig. 23). Chelanops insularis Beier, 1955 MATERIAL STUDIED: NRMS, 19 ; Masatierra, under bark, 10.1.1917, leg. K. Bäckstrôm (S.E.P. 218). - NRMS; 16 19% 9OT 3D 2P; under bark, 3.1V.1917, leg. K. Bäckstrôm (S.E.P. 443); IT 2P, without data, leg. K. Bäckstrôm (S.E.P.). - NRMS: IT 1D; El Pangal, above waterfall, 1956, leg. C. Skottsberg. —- NRMS, 1 9; Valle Anson, 400 m, 18.1I1.1966, leg. C. Skottsberg. - NRMS, 1 D, El Yunque, 800 m, 6.111.1955, leg. C. Skottsberg. —- MHNG, 59 IT 7D 26P, Masatierra, forest above Puerto Ingles, 14.X1.1968, leg. H. Franz (SA 197-198). Chelanops kuscheli Beier, 1955 MATERIAL STUDIED: NRSM., 1 T; Masatierra, Valle Anson, 400 m, (214 label in vial: Camate, 500 m, 28.XI1.1954), 18.11.1955, leg. C. Skottsberg. - MHNG, 1 D; Juan Fernandez Islands, without data, ex coll.Vitali-di Castri (JF-118 I). - MHNG., 1 P; Masatierra, Valle Lord Anson, 11.X1.1968, leg. H. Franz (SA 191). - MHNG, 1 P; forest above Puerto Ingles, 14.X1.1968, leg. H. Franz (SA 197-198). Pseudopilanus fernandezianus Beier, 1957 MATERIAL STUDIED: MHNG. 1 T; Juan Fernandez Islands, without data, ex coll. Vitali-di Castri (OT-27). 20 V. MAHNERT REMARKS: The specimen fits well to the description given by Beïier (1957). Examination of the holotype confirms the presence of a rallum composed of three setae (right chelicera; left chelicera is lacking), the trichobothrial pattern and the presence of spine-like setae on medial face of chelal hand; on the right chelal hand there is only one long spine-like seta near the finger base instead of three on the left one (Beïer, 1957, fig. 2). There are 27 teeth on the fixed chelal finger, 30 teeth on the movable finger, the teeth are small, densely set, retrorse, with a small cusp. The venom duct in the movable finger is long, the nodus ramosus 1s situated halfway between f and sf. DESCRIPTIONS Selachochernes gen. n. DIAGNOSIS: Member of Chernetidae, Chernetinae.Tegument normally sclero- tized, vestitural setae of cephalothorax, tergites and pedipalps short and strongly cla- vate. Cephalothorax with two eyespots, two indistinct transverse furrows, the subbasal one much nearer to posterior margin than to median furrow; most tergites divided, XI without tactile setae. Chelicera with 5 simple setae on hand; galea short, with 4 api- cal/subapical branchlets, rallum with 4 setae, the distal one dentate on anterior margin. Pedipalps heavily granulate, the strongly clavate setae of femur and patella inserted on coarser granula, distal setae on hand less clavate, fixed finger at base and on dorsal face with two long and stout setae; fixed chelal finger in distal half with acute, spaced teeth followed by lower, retrorse, cusped teeth, accessory teeth present on antiaxial face: the spaced marginal teeth and the accessory teeth forming two rows of teeth (like shark teeth); movable finger distally with slightly spaced teeth; long venom duct present in movable finger only. Trichobothria: 8 on fixed finger, est-ib-isb in middle of finger (near strong seta), ist forming a group with it-et; movable finger: 3 trichobothria (pro- bably sb lacking). Leg IV: tarsus without tactile seta, arolia undivided, claws smooth. TYPE SPECIES: Selachochernes allodentatus sp. n. DISTRIBUTION: Chile, Juan Fernandez Islands (Masatierra). ETYMOLOGY: From the Greek noun ,,selachos“ (cartilaginous fish, shark, ray), referring to the unusual, shark-like arrangement of teeth on the fixed chelal finger. AFFINITIES: Within the Chernetinae with a rallum of four setae., Selachochernes gen. n. is quite isolated and characterized at once by the particular trichobothrial pattern on the fixed finger (ib and isb distinctly distal of eb-esb opposite esf) and the reduced number of trichobothria on the movable finger. By the presence of strongly clavate and a few long, stout setae on the chela it resembles Pseudopilanus Beier (type species fernandezianus Beiïer), but that genus differs in having a rallum of 3 setae, trichobothria ib-isb basal near eb-esb, and the chelal teeth numerous and closely set (27 on fixed, 30 on movable finger). For further evaluation of importance of some taxo - nomic characters see the following remarks. Since spermathecae of Pseudopilanus species from Chile are unrecorded, at least that of P. kuscheli from mainland Chile is shown (Fig. 22) as first step to a better knowledge of this genus. REMARKS: The presence of two superficially similar and not related genera in the Juan Fernandez archipelago might seem to be improbable, but the differences between P. fernandezianus and S. allodentatus sp. n. cannot be explained by possible PSEUDOSCORPIONS FROM JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS 21 ontogenetic changes or variability of the one or the other taxonomic character (e.g. number of setae of rallum). Within a chernetid genus the number of setae of the rallum is relatively stable, variability is very unfrequent, the setae being frequently difficult to observe (particularly in case of a rallum with 4 setae, observation errors might there- fore occur more frequently than natural variability); during ontogeny numbers of these setae are not changing from tritonymphs to adults, in Chernetidae at least. In the following species currently placed in Pseudopilanus, the rallum is composed of 3 setae (personal observations): fernandezianus (holotype), kuscheli (paratype), chilensis (syntype), crassifemoratum (holotype, paratype). Tooth morphology and arrangement on chelal finger are very similar (small, densely set, retrorse, cusped teeth) in fernan- dezianus, chilensis (syntypes: 39-41 teeth on fixed finger, 46 on movable finger), kuscheli (syntypes; 34-37 on fixed finger, 37-42 on movable finger), crassifemoratum (31 teeth on fixed, 32-33 teeth on movable finger). Tooth morphology 1s identical in tritonymph and adults (female, male) of crassifemoratum, an ontogenetic modification of tooth morphology from tritonymphal to adult stages in Chernetidae 1s unknown to me. Even in (slightly) sexual dimorphic species like Pseudopilanus chilensis (chelal finger of male in middle curved and therefore gaping when closed; those of female straigth and not gaping) no difference in tooth morphology or arrangement 1s obser- vable. This is also the case in strongly dimorphic species like Parachernes melano- pygus Beier or Parachernes setiger Mahnert (Chernetidae, both from Amazonia). Ontogenic changes cannot explain the fundamental difference in trichobothrial pattern found in allodentatus (ist in distal third of fixed finger and close to if, ib-isb-est grouped together in middle of finger, eb-esb isolated near finger base) and fernande- zianus (ib-isb grouped with eb-esb near finger base, est in middle of finger), since the position of the trichobothria ib-isb compared to that of eb-esb and of esf does not change much from tritonymph to adult stage, as far as documented in the literature. This latter pattern (ist indistinctly distal of est in middle of finger, ib-isb near finger base and distinctly basal of est-ist) 1s found in P. chilensis, and also in kuscheli and crassifemoratum (Where ist-est are more basally placed), and it anticipates probably the pattern of adult fernandezianus. The presence of only three trichobothria in S. allo- dentatus might be variable and of importance on specific and not on generic level (e.g. in Americhernes incertus Mahnert from Amazonia). Furthermore, distribution of paraxial trichobothria on the fixed finger is considered of generic importance in Cher- netidae (e.g. difference between the groups Parachernes/Anaperochernes and Astero - chernes/Parazaona) (Beier, 1964à). Selachochernes allodentatus sp. n. Figs 1-3 MATERIAL STUDIED: MHNG, holotype 4; Chile, Juan Fernandez Islands, Masatierra, forest above Puerto Ingles, 14.XT.1968, leg. H. Franz (Sa 197-198). DESCRIPTION: Cephalothorax 0.86 times longer than broad, granulate (granula small and regular, separated by equivalent of own diameter from each another), eyespots indistinct, 4 anterior and 6 posterior strongly clavate setae. Tergites I/IT indis- tinctly divided, XI undivided, II-X divided, all densely granulate, chaetotaxy of half- tergites: 3-3-3-5-5-5-5-5-5-5-10(total number; 2 medial discal setae), IV-X including an anterolateral seta; manducatory process with 3 marginal and 1 discal setae, suboral 22 V. MAHNERT FIGs 1-3 Selachochernes allodentatus gen. n., sp. n., & holotype. (1-2) Left pedipalp. (3) Trichobothrial pattern, With sensillum proximal to sf. Scale units 0.1 mm. seta (see Judson, 1998) very short; pedipalpal coxa coarsely granulate, about 40 setae, coxa I 19, IT 24, II 36, IV 42, all setae simple, acute; genital operculum with about 34 setae arranged in a semi-circle, the inner ones long and curved; genital entrance with 2/2 short simple and curved setae. Sternites divided, chaetotaxy of half-sternites HI-XT: 6+4 discal setae (no suprastigmal seta)-6+1 suprastigmal seta-8-9-8-6-6-5-2 (2 short median setae); anal cone 2+2 setae. Pleural membrane granulate, intersegmental mem- brane striate. Chelicera: 5 smooth setae on hand, fixed finger with 3 retrorse teeth and 3 sub- apical granula, lamina exterior well developed, movable finger with cone-like sub- apical tooth, subapical seta not reaching tip of galea, short galea with 4 subapical and apical branchlets; serrula exterior With 16 lamellae, rallum of 4 setae, only distal one dentate. Pedipalps (Figs 1-2) coarsely granulate, the broadly clavate setae on coarser granula, setae on hand more slender; trochanter with rounded dorsal hump, 1.6 times longer than broad, femur abruptly enlarged, 2.4 times, patella 2.8 times longer than broad, club 2 times longer than broad and 2.5 times longer than pedicel, hand with pedicel 1.9 times longer than broad and as long as finger, chela with pedicel 3.6 times longer than broad; one long stout seta on paraxial face of fixed finger base, another long stout seta on dorsal face of fixed finger near trichobothria est/ist. Fixed finger with 5 spaced acute teeth followed (basal of esf) by 9 low, retrorse, densely set teeth, 3 anti- axial accessory teeth (or 3 laterally displaced marginal teeth?), movable finger with 4 high, rounded and 10 low, mostly rounded teeth, no accessory teeth present; venom duct long, nodus ramosus near trichobothrium sf. Trichobothria (Fig. 3): movable finger with 3 trichobothria only (probably sb lacking). PSEUDOSCORPIONS FROM JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS 23 Leg I: femur 1.8 times longer than deep, patella 2.7 times longer than deep and 1.4 times longer than femur, tibia 3.7 times and tarsus 5.3 times longer than deep; leg IV: femur+patella 4.0 times longer than deep, tibia 4.9 times and tarsus 5.7 times longer than deep; undivided arolia as long as smooth claws. MEASUREMENTS (in mm): Body length 1.8; cephalothorax 0.59/0.69; pedipalps: trochanter 0.33/0.21, femur 0.59/0.24, patella 0.51/0.18, hand with pedicel 0.41/0.22, pedicel length 0.06, finger length 0.42, chela length 0.78; leg I: femur 0.19/0.11, patella 0.26/0.10, tibia 0.27/0.07, tarsus 0.28/0.05; leg IV: femur+patella 0.50/0.12, tibia 0.38/0.08, tarsus 0.33/0.06. Chelanops gracilipes sp. n. Figs 4-8 MATERIAL STUDIED: MHNG holotype 9; Chile, Juan Fernandez Islands, Masatierra, forest above Puerto Ingles, 14.XT.1968, leg. H. Franz (Sa 197-198). DIAGNOSIS: The new species 1s characterized by its large size (length of palpal femur 1.40 mm, length of chela 1.57 mm), by the chelal hand being only 1.3 times longer than finger, and the very slender legs (e.g. femur+patella of leg IV 5.2 times, tibia 6.7 times, tarsus 7.6 times longer than broad). DESCRIPTION: Cephalothorax in anterior half reddish brown, basal half yellowish brown, pedipalps dark reddish brown, tergites brown. Cephalothorax 1.2 times longer than broad; no eyes or eyespots; laterally finely granulate, central part smooth; with two granulate transverse furrows, median furrow laterally curved forward, basal furrow narrower and situated halfway between median furrow and pos- terior margin; setae short, dentate and slightly clavate, 12 setae at posterior margin plus 17 in metazone; metazone with small central depression (groove). Tergites I-X distinctly divided, setae dentate and clavate, longer on posterior tergites, half-tergites with about 7 (6-9) setae on posterior margin, I-IV with 1 median, 1 lateral and 1 discal seta, V-X with 1 median seta, 1-2 lateral setae and 3-5 discal setae, XI with 16 setae (2 lateral tactile and 4 discal setae). Manducatory process with 3 marginal (suboral seta short) and 4 discal setae, coxae of legs with numerous setae. Spermatheca with paired tubes enlarged in distal two-thirds (Fig. 7); anterior genital operculum with about 40 smooth and acute setae; sternites divided, setae long, acute and finely dentate, chaeto- taxy of half-sternites: III 11/12+3 suprastigmal setae, IV 7+1 suprastigmal seta, V-X 10+2 medial+1 lateral setae-12+2+1+2 discal setae-6+2+1+6-10+2+1+2-10+2+2+5- 7+2+1+3; entire XI with 10 (2 lateral and 2 submedial tactile setae). Anal cone 2+2 setae. Chelicera with 7 setae on hand, basal three dentate; fixed finger with 6 retrorse teeth, movable finger with tooth-like subapical lobe; galea long, with 6 apical/subapi- cal curved branchlets; serrula exterior with 26 lamellae; rallum with 4 setae, anterior one dentate. Pedipalps (Figs 4-5) rugose but not granulate, setae short, dentate and weakly clavate; trochanter with high dorsal hump, 1.8 times longer than broad, femur increasing in breadth distally, 3.1 times longer than broad, patella 2.5 times, club 1.8 times longer than broad and 2.5 times longer than pedicel, hand with pedicel 1.7 times longer than broad and 1.3 times longer than finger, chela with pedicel 2.8 times, 24 V. MAHNERT FIGS 4-8 Chelanops gracilipes sp. n., © holotype. (4-5) Left pedipalp, setae of fingers omitted; with some vestitural setae at higher magnification. (6) Trichobothrial pattern. (7) Spermatheca with right cribrate plate (ventral view). (8) Left leg IV. Scale units 0.1 mm. without pedicel 2.6 times longer than broad; finger 1.3 times longer than hand breadth, fingers not gaping when closed, fixed finger with 57 teeth plus 13 antiaxial (=lateral) and 6 paraxial (=medial) accessory teeth, movable finger with 60 teeth plus 11 anti- axial plus 6 paraxial accessory teeth; nodus ramosus in movable finger slightly PSEUDOSCORPIONS FROM JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS 25 proximal to f. Trichobothria (Fig. 6): est opposite ist in middle of fixed finger, if proximal to et and nearer to finger tip than to isf; st on movable finger nearer to f than to sb. Leg I: femur 1.65 times, patella 3.5 times longer than deep and 1.7 times longer than femur, tibia 5.4 times longer than deep and 1.1 times longer than tarsus, which 1s 7.15 times longer than deep; leg IV (Fig. 8): femur+patella 5.2 times, tibia 6.7 times longer than deep and 1.3 times longer than tarsus, tarsus 7.6 times longer than deep, tactile seta (length 0.19 mm) in distal half (TS=0.67); subterminal setae smooth, curved, claws smooth and longer than undivided arolia. MEASUREMENTS (in mm): Body length 5.2; cephalothorax 1.35/1.16; pedipalps: trochanter 0.79/0.45, femur 1.40/0.45, patella 1.37/0.55, hand with pedicel 1.57/0.94, finger length 1.22, chela length with pedicel 2.58, without pedicel 2.41. Leg I: femur 0.42/0.25, patella 0.70/0.20, tibia 0.81/0.15, tarsus 0.73/0.10; leg IV: femur+patella 1.28/0.25, tibia 1.12/0.17, tarsus 0.87/0.11. ETYMOLOGY: Latin noun meaning ,,slender leg“, emphasizing the slender legs. AFFINITIES: The new species seems to be related to Chelanops kuscheli Beier, and differs from it by the more slender legs (e.g. femur+patella IV 5.2 vs 3.7-3.8 times, tibia 6.65 vs 4.7-5 times longer than deep) and relatively longer palpal fingers. Chelanops insularis Beier (Juan Fernandez Islands, Masatierra) has distinctly longer chelal fingers which are, furthermore, strongly curved and slightly gaping when closed. Chelanops atlanticus Beier (from Tristan da Cunha) has similar slender legs, but is notably smaller (length of palpal femur 0.90 mm vs 1.40 mm), has a more slender chela (ratio 3.1-3.2 vs 2.8 times), and has trichobothrium est distal of ist. Chelanops gracilipalpus sp. n. Figs 9-18 MATERIAL STUDIED: MHNG, holotype d; Chile, Juan Fernandez Islands, Masatierra, forest above Puerto Ingles, 14.X1.1968, leg. H. Franz (Sa 197-198). - MHNG, paratypes 1 4 39 3 trito-, 5 protonymphs; same data. - NHMW; paratype 1 T; Masatierra, Bahia Cumberland, 200 m, 23.XIL.1955, leg. Dr G. Kuschel (recorded by Beïer, 1957 as Protowithius robustus Beier). DIAGNOSIS: The presence of accessory teeth on the chelal fingers, a rallum of four blades, the position of trichobothrium ist slightly proximal of est, and the presence of a short tactile seta in the distal third of tarsus IV places the species within the genus Chelanops. It is quite isolated within this genus by its very slender pedipalps (femur 4.5-5 0, patella 3.9-4,3, chela 4.5-4.9 times longer than broad). DESCRIPTION: Cephalothorax and pedipalps brown, legs yellowish. Cephalo - thorax parallel-sided, 1.2 times longer than broad, finely granulate, prozone nearly smooth in central part; two transverse granulate furrows, subbasal one slightly closer to posterior margin than to median furrow; no eyes or eyespots; setae short, dentate and clavate, 7 on anterior margin, 14-18 setae on posterior margin and in metazone (Fig. 14). Tergites I-X divided, scaly sculptured, half-tergites mostly with 7-9 setae (Figs 15, 16) on posterior margin and 1 medial seta, from IV-X also with 1 lateral and 1 discal seta, XI with 12 setae (2 lateral tactile and 2 medial discal setae). Manducatory process with 3-4 marginal setae (suboral seta short) and 2 discal setae; pedipalpal 26 V. MAHNERT FIiGs 9-18 Chelanops gracilipalpus sp. n. (9) Left chelicera of holotype & , with galea of à (left) and 9 (right) (higher magnification). (10-11) Left pedipalp of holotype à , vestitural setae omitted, some setae shown at higher magnification. (12) Trichobothrial pattern of tritonymph. (13) Trichobothrial pattern of protonymph. (14-16) Setae (higher magnification) on posterior border of cephalothorax (14), on tergite I (15) and on tergite XI (16). (17) Spermatheca with right cribrate plate (ventral view). (18) Left leg IV. Scale units 0.1 mm. PSEUDOSCORPIONS FROM JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS 27 coxae smooth except for a granulate mediodistal zone, coxa I-IV with numerous acute, smooth setae. Male genital chamber with 4 acute setae on each side of entrance; female spermatheca (Fig. 17) with two sac-like tubules: anterior genital operculum of male with about 50 long, acute and curved setae in semi-circular arrangement, that of female with about 40 acute setae (Fig. 17); chaetotaxy of half-sternites: IIT 9 setae at posterior margin+13 discal setae+4 suprastigmal setae (4) (: 14+4 suprastigmal setae), IV 6-8+1-2 suprastigmal setae, V-IX mostly 8-9 (-11) setae,1-2 medial, 1 lateral and 1 discal setae, X 6-7+2+1+4, entire XI 10 (2 lateral and 2 submedhial tactile setae). Anal cone 2+2 (dorsal ones clavate, ventral ones dentate). Pleural membrane granulate. Chelicera (Fig. 9) with 7 (right chelicera with 6) setae, among them 3 interno- basal setae with dentate apex, fixed finger with 6-7 retrorse teeth and 3 apical granules, movable finger with tooth-like subapical lobe; galea of male shorter than that of female, with 6 short branchlets, that of female slender, with six long branchlets in distal half, serrula exterior with 24-26 lamellae, rallum composed of 4 dentate setae of decreasing lengths. Pedipalps (Figs 10-11): femur and hand finely granulate, patella rugose, nearly smooth; setae dentate and indistinctly clavate on paraxial side of femur; trochanter with large dorsal hump, 1.9-2.2 times longer than broad, femur club-shaped (distally broadest), 4.8-5.0 (4 )/4.5-4.8 (9 ) times, patella 4.1-4.3 (d )/3.9-4.2 (8 ) times longer than broad, club 3.3-3.5 (4 }/3.0-3.1 (9 ) times longer than broad, hand with pedicel 2.5 (8 )/2.2-2.5 (®) times, chela with pedicel 4.9 (4 )/4.5-4.8 (®) times, without pedicel 4.6 (4 )/4.2-4.5 (®) times longer than broad, finger 1.1 times longer than hand with pedicel. Fixed finger with a large series of cone-like sensilla in paraxial basal third, with 90-96 small cusped marginal teeth, with 15-19 antiaxial and 3-6 paraxial acces- sory teeth; movable finger: 92-100 marginal teeth, 12-17 antiaxial and 1-3 paraxial ac- cessory teeth; venom duct present in movable finger only, nodus ramosus nearer to f than to sf; trichobothria arrangement (Fig. 11) with a basal group (eb-esb-ib-isb), ist/est in distal half of fixed finger, ist slightly proximal of est, it/et near fingertip; sf nearer to t than to sb. Leg I: femur 1.8-1.9 times longer than deep, patella 3.9-4.4 times longer than deep and 1.8-1.9 times longer than femur, tibia 6.4-7.1 times and tarsus 7.6-8.5 times longer than deep; leg IV (Fig. 18): femur+patella 5.2-5.3 times, tibia 7.1-7.9 times and tarsus 7.3-9.1 times longer than deep, latter with a short tacile seta (lenght 0.16-0.19 mm) in distal third (TS=0.64-0.77), undivided arolia shorter than smooth claws, sub- terminal seta smooth, curved. MEASUREMENTS (in mm): Body length 3.1-3.6 (4 }/4.3-4.6 (9 ); cephalothorax 1.21-1.25/1.00-1.07 (8) (% 1.34/1.07-1.11); pedipalps: trochanter 0.74-0.83/0.39-0.40 (4) (% 0.82-0.90/0.40-0.43), femur 1.66-1.72/0.34-0.35 (4) (® 1.69-1.71/0.35-0.39), patella 1.57-1.59/0.37-0.38 (4) (% 1.60-1.62/0.39-0.41), hand with pedicel 1 .40/0.56 (8)(? 1.46-1.54/0.62-0.66), finger length 1.50-1.53 (4) ($ 1.59-1.67), chela length with pedicel 2.73-2.74 (4) ($ 2.91-2.96), without pedicel 2.56-2.58 (4) (8 2.75- 2.80). Leg I: femur 0.42-0.45/0.22-0.25, patella 0.76-0.82/0.18-0.19, tibia 0.84- 0.85/0.13 (4) (9 0.88-0.90/0.13), tarsus 0.78-0.85/0.10-0.11; leg IV: femur+patella 1.29-1.32/0.25 (8) ($ 1.36-1.37/0.26-0.27), tibia 1.11-1.14/0.15-0.16 (4) (® 1.17- 1.20/0.15-0.16), tarsus 0.95-0.99/0.11 (4) (8 0.99-1.03/0.11-0.12) 28 V. MAHNERT Fics 19-23 Spermathecae (ventral view). (19) Chelanops insularis (S.E.P. 218). (20) Chelanops kuscheli (S.E.P. 218). (21) Chelanops skottsbergi (Masatierra, La Correspondencia). (22) Pseudopilanus kuscheli (Santiago de Chile). (23) Asterochernes kuscheli Beier (allotype). Tritonymph (1 specimen): Half-tergites with 6-7 setae on posterior margin, on posterior half-tergites also 1 medial, 1 lateral and 1 discal seta; chelicera with 6 setae on hand, two basal ones dentate, galea slender with 3 apical and 2 subapical branchlets. Chela 4.6 times longer than broad (1.99 mm/0.43 mm) (no other measurements taken), fixed finger with 71 cusped marginal teeth, 12 antiaxial and 2 paraxial accessory teeth, movable finger with 72 teeth, 5 antiaxial and 1 paraxial teeth; nodus ramosus proximal of trichobothrium f (Fig. 12). Protonymph (1 specimen): Half-tergites with 3 setae on posterior margin; chelicera with 4 smooth setae on hand, galea long, with 2 apical and 1 subapical branchlets. Chela 4.2 times longer than broad (0.87 mm/0.21 mm), fixed finger with 29 marginal teeth (13 distal ones cusped, the following rounded) and 1 distal antiaxial accessory tooth; movable finger with 13 cusped teeth and 23 rounded ones; nodus ramosus distal of trichobothrium f (Fig. 13). ETYMOLOGY: Latin noun, meaning ,,slender pedipalp*. DISCUSSION: Chelanops gracilipalpus Sp. n. is unique within the genus Chelanops by its very slender pedipalps. It might have affinities with Chelanops insu- laris (from Masatierra) and Chelanops skottsbergi (Beïier) (from Masatierra and Masafuera) (see also Fig. 21: spermatheca), which also have a club-shaped palpal femur and relatively long chelal fingers. In spite of the very divergent proportions and measurement, I do not have any doubts concerning its generic placement, even if there are other discrepancies between the diagnosis of the genus Chelanops given by Muchmore (1999) and the new species (as well as the other Chelanops species from Juan Fernandez Islands): a long, erect tactile seta in the distal half of tarsus IV (here a short tactile seta, merely longer than depth of tarsus); spermatheca having 2 slender tubes of uniform diameter (here two sac-like distal parts with thin basal tubes). These differences do not allow, in my opinion, to place these species in a different genus. PSEUDOSCORPIONS FROM JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS 29 Muchmore (1999) described the spermatheca of C. coecus as ,,occasionally seen as 2 slender tubes of uniform diameter“, and with a long erect tactile seta on tarsus IV. Several females which I identified as C. coecus from Argentina and Chile showed a spermatheca of the same form as that figured for gracilipalpus (and similar to those of kuscheli and insularis) (Figs 19, 20). Since the spermatheca is delicate and difficult to observe in the large abdomen, the description of the spermatheca given by Muchmore needs to be verified. The long tactile seta seems to break off easily, but I have never observed for C. coecus a short tactile seta as present in gracilipalpus, gracilipes, insu- laris and kuscheli. The new species is superficially similar to Protowithius robustus Beier, and Beier (1957) himself confused a tritonymph of C. gracilipalpus sp. n. with P. robustus. Besides the major family differences between Chernetidae and Withiidae, Chelanops gracilipalpus sp. n. is distinguishable at once from P. robustus by its larger size (length of palpal femur 1.66-1.72 mm vs 1.27 mm), more slender pedipalpal patella (ratio 3.9- 4.3 vs 2.8), more slender legs, and its trichobothrial pattern (ist proximal of est, both in middle of the fixed finger, ef near finger tip, ist halfway between if and isb). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I express my thanks to Mag. Christoph Hürweg and Dr Jürgen Gruber (Naturhistorisches Museum Vienna) for their help in tracing localities concerning the collecting trips of Prof. Herbert Franz, and to Mr Gunvi Lindberg (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm) for information on the specimens collected by K. Bäckstrôm. Deep thanks are addressed to Dr Torbjürn Kronestedt (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm) for h1s generous help and unlimited patience. I am also grateful to Dr Peter Schwendinger (Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Genève) and to an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments and lingustic improvements. REFERENCES BEIER, M. 1955. Pseudoscorpione von den Juan Fernandez-Inseln. Revista Chilena de Entomo - logia 4: 205-220. BEIER, M. 1957. Los Insectos de las Islas Juan Fernandez. 37. Die Pseudoscorpioniden-Fauna der Juan-Fernandez-Inseln (Arachnida Pseudoscorpionida). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 5: 451-464. BEIER, M. 1959. Zur Kenntnis der Pseudoscorpioniden-Fauna des Andengebietes. Beiträge zur neotropischen Fauna 1(3): 185-228. BEIER, M. 19642. Die Pseudoskorpionen-Fauna Chiles. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 67: 307-375. BEIER, M. 1964b. The zoological results of Gy. Topäl’s collectings in South Argentina Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici, pars zoologica 56: 487-500. CHAMBERLIN, J. C. 1931. The arachnid order Chelonethida. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences 7(1): 1-284. JUDSON, M. L. I. 1998. A sternophorid pseudoscorpion (Chelonethi) in Dominican amber, with remarks on the family. The Journal of Arachnology 26: 419-428. MUCHMORE, W. B. 1975. The genus Lechytia in the United States (Pseudoscorpionida, Chthonïidae). The Southwestern Naturalist 20(1): 13-27. MUCHMORE, W. B. 1999. Redefinition of the genus Chelanops Gervais (Pseudoscorpionida: Chernetidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 75(2): 103-111. no. nonéaubé cd ( : qe men sem À fnéf oise Pie +66 theliite + D CE + van etiidis : Pape ins unie | Lan sf tétanie tdtteralrel ol rs. sie dti Pat A IR . 08 1 srl 1 der ts sd 3. sebtiiti "bot hoteles 4 ”. s! voue) +11 V0 LÉMMONN AR m0 à Éd fe tr Las lente rrbersale Que dry TC ter tenET, 2 eme rt crias left fie 2 Lo PUR CE À 41 FONTO LENS Ne RE, A2 A L 4 Dinnir doc yrmil MR. EE 20 OU AT ET Ps: difac on où NERO d LR EUR. mit tant caf anal ar sant: pente Pr es mit crlrens ntatpete CR NC Run) dtrbtaalhge à PtMiE ciel (RE 1) ré orient ira 1h iles Dai AL | aies ibn tovéstali marge rl OONTEN de nd nn é htc Lée | En mé AU Aus pr 3 #7 21 vtt), CURE cracitcdést eat omiié sé 0 : tt ll + ire 4 a nt | ft 127 { Lure EAuL 4 ta] 2 & srl :tetf mich 7 teste) maté) nisnste Mia lp ER Û 4 , tes 'latin Lw) [2 {} 1X Q L) ; Ah 2 vèts À ets AU ne ps | val "EE al AA C2. 207} y nel AT a L da MA mia) et A ler à l ry. Lévi V sp à a = , sims dl Sep dem joue Fo | » be _œ sir boot € A hits es Lo kel Le SU | M DCR 0 à +3 | 42‘ ja Me” + : } Sas COIN O0 na “à 2) “i L KE : CE va AA see Véro) dt FH paie err” min A + o REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 31-37; mars 2011 A new Eudorylas Aczél, 1940 from Central Asia (Diptera: Pipunculidae) Christian KEHLMAIER Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Museum of Zoology, Kônigsbrücker Landstrasse 159, D-01109 Dresden, Germany. E-mail: kehimaier@web.de A new Eudorylas Aczél, 1940 from Central Asia (Diptera: Pipun- culidae).- Eudorylas manasi Kehlmaier sp. n.1s described from a specimen collected in the eastern part of the Kyrgyz Republic. The male holotype and its genitalia are figured. The species is briefly compared to other members of the Eudorylas fascipes species group of the Palaearctic and incorporated in an existing identification key. The pipunculid species presently recorded from the Kyrgyz Republic are listed. Keywords: Diptera - Pipunculidae - Eudorylas - new species - Kyrgyz Republic - Palaearctic. INTRODUCTION Pipunculidae, commonly known as big-headed flies, are traditionally being considered a taxonomic difficult group of cyclorrhaphan Diptera. However, substantial progress could be achieved during the last three decades with many genera or tribes being systematically revised on a regional or world scale. Whereas in the mid 1980s some 700 species were known (Skevington & De Meyer, 2004), this number now stands at 1.400 (Skevington, unpublished database). The rise in species numbers is due to fact that authors set their focus on A) regions previously neglected, and B) the struc- ture of the male genital apparatus as the main and in many instances sole feature for identifying and separating species (besides the increasing importance of DNA bar- codes). Today, this knowledge of the suitability of different genital features for species circumscription 1s Well-grounded and, based on a specialist’s expertise, also allows the erection of new taxa based on singletons only. In the case of the Eudorylini, it is the structure of the phallic guide, phallus and surstyli which essentially are necessary for the identification of a specimen. MATERIAL AND METHODS The material was collected by Dr. Valery A. Korneyev (Kiev) and Dr. Bernhard Merz (Geneva) and subsequently deposited at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle Genève (MHNG). The descriptive part, including morphological terminology and drawings, follows previous works (Kehlmaier, 2005a, 2005b). However, in contrast to the terms ‘inner’ and ‘outer’ previously applied to differentiate between the position of surstyli, Manuscript accepted 29.06.2010 32 C. KEHLMAIER gonopods and sides of the epandrium, the terms ‘left’ and ‘right’ are used in accordance with Skevington (e.g. 2001, 2002), representing the actual morphological location of these structures. The following ratios and abbreviations are used in the descriptive part of the study: LF:WE — length of flagellum to its width; F:EM:V — frons length to length of eyes meeting to vertex length; LW:MWW -— length of wing to max. width of wing; LS:LTC — length of pterostigma to length of third costal segment; LTC:LFC — length of third costal segment to length of fourth costal segment; MLE:MWE — max. length of epandrium to max. width of epandrium (viewed dorsally). TAXONOMIC RESULTS Eudorylas manasi Kehlmaier sp. n. TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, &, Kyrgyz Republic, Sary Dzhaz River Basin, Kayingdy Kattah Mountain Ridge, 41°57'34.14"N 79°8'701"E, 2550-2600m, 8.VIL.1994, leg. V. Korneyev, coll. MHNG. LOCUS TYPICUS: The specimen was collected in the eastern most part of the country in the Sary Dzhaz River Basin in the Kayingdy Kattah Mountain Ridge which belongs to the Central Tien Shan Mountains. The locality can be characterized as a dry steppe with maximum day temperatures at 16-21°C and stony or poor soils. Vegetation is composed of few Gramineae grasses, some Artemisia, Aster, Limonium, Saussurea, Youngia plus willow shrubs (Salix) and birches (Betula) along streams (Korneyev pers. comm.). ETYMOLOGY: The taxon is named after the eponymous hero of the Epic of Manas, a traditional poem of the Kyrgyz people consisting of approximately 500.000 lines. Besides, Manasi is also a Hindi female forename. DESCRIPTION (Male) Body length: About 3.9 mm. Head (Figs 1-2): Face dark, silver-grey pollinose. Scape dark, with one short upper bristle. Pedicel dark, with two short upper bristles and one short lower bristle. Flagellum dark yellow, tapering and grey pollinose (LF:WF=2.6). Arista dark, flattened, with thickened base. Eyes meeting for 13 facets. F:EM:V=1:1.1:0.8. Frons dark, silver-grey pollinose. Vertex dark, lacking pollinosity. Occiput dark and grey pollinose, but with a whiff of faint brownish pollinosity intermingled in upper half. Thorax (Figs 1-2): Pleura, prescutum, scutum and scutellum dark. Pleura grey pollinose. Postpronotal lobe yellow, weakly grey pollinose and with four postpronotal hairs along upper margin. Prescutum and scutum narrowly grey pollinose in anterior quarter, posterior fifth and narrowly along lateral margins, otherwise brown pollinose and with two uniseriate dorsocentral rows of hair and some supra-alar hairs. Scutellum dorsocentrally brown pollinose, otherwise grey pollinose and with approximately ten hairs along posterior margin (up to 0.06 mm). Subscutellum silver-grey pollinose. Wing: Length: 4.5 mm. LW:MWW=3.9. Wing almost entirely covered with microtrichia. Only small basal cells of wing, e.g., bc, basal quarter of c, very beginning of rl and middle part of sc with microtrichia absent or reduced. Pterostigma complete (LS:LTC=1 0). LTC:LFC=1.1. r-m reaches dm shortly before one third of the cell’s length. MI gently undulating. A NEW EUDORYLAS FROM CENTRAL ASIA FIG. 1 Left lateral view of male holotype of E. manasi sp. n. 62 Right dorsolateral view of head and thorax of male holotype of E. manasi sp. n. 34 C. KEHLMAIER Halter: Length: 0.5 mm. Base and knob dark. Stem narrowly white. Legs (Fig. 1): Coxae dark, grey pollinose and with a yellow anteroapical mar- gin on front and mid coxae. Mid coxa with one strong flattened dark anterior bristle and two shorter hairs on inner apical corner. Trochanters brownish-yellow, partly grey pollinose. Hind trochanter with about 4 short hairs anteroventrally. Femora dark, dis- tinctly yellow at apices, grey pollinose except hind femur shining posteroventrally. Mid femur bearing two ventral rows of small peglike spines in apical two thirds. Front femur with posteroventral row of such spines in apical two thirds. Hind femur without such distinct ventral spines. Tibiae yellow and entirely grey pollinose, but ventrally in apical half brownish. Front and mid tibiae with small apical spines, as long as pulvilli. Hind tibia with a wrinkled indentation midanteriorly bearing no prominent spines or hairs. Tarsi yellowish and weakly grey pollinose, but distitarsus dorsally brown. Pulvilli as long as (fore leg) or slightly shorter (mid and hind leg) than distitarsi. Abdomen (Fig. 1): Ground colour dark. Tergite 1 with five dark lateral bristles (up to 0.14 mm). Tergite 1 entirely grey pollinose. Tergite 2 to 5 laterally grey polli- nose, extending onto dorsal surface along posterior margin and meeting (broadly so on tergite 2 and 5), otherwise brown pollinose. Syntergosternite 8 dark. Membranous area rather large and ovate, broadest in upper half, placed slightly to the right and caudally directed (Fig. 6). Sternites dark, grey pollinose. Genitalia: Genital capsule dorsal view: Epandrium distinctly paler than tergites and longer than wide (MLE:MWE=1 2). Surstyli of the same colour as epandrium and asymmetrical (Fig. 9). Right surstylus deeply scythe-shaped with a long inner finger- like projection, left surstylus of triangular shape. Genital capsule ventral view: Gonopods asymmetric, left one of medium size, right one small (F1g. 3). Phallus trifid, presumably all ejaculatory ducts of equal length (one ejaculatory duct is partly missing) and circular (Fig. 5). Phallic guide rather long, narrow and pointed, with lateral hairs in its middle (Fig. 3). Dorsal projections and hyaline ventral lobe some- what visible but best seen from lateral view (see below). Subepandrial sclerite with few scattered inconspicuous hairs. Genital capsule lateral view: Left side of epandrium without a projecting ventral lobe but with a blunt angle (Fig. 10). Left surstylus dis- tnctly convex dorsally (Fig. 10). Right surstylus as in Fig. 8. Phallic guide dorso - medially with two distinctive rather symmetric upcurved hooklike projections and a hyaline apical lobe on its left side (Fig. 4). Ejaculatory apodeme spade-shaped (Fig. 7). FEMALE: unknown. REMARKS: The species 1s placed within the Eudorylas fascipes species group as defined by Kehlmaier (2005a): Taxa with predominantly yellow postpronotal lobe and base of hind femur, the latter at least anteroventrally; males with a distinct dorsal pro- jection in the shape of a lobe, nose, hook etc. on their phallic guide emerging from the middle part; left surstylus of triangular shape; female with distinctly bilobed oviposi- tor’s base. In Europe, this group comprises nine rather common taxa. Eudorylas manasi Sp. n. can be readily separated by the shape of its genitalia, most striking by the lateral shape of the phallic guide with its upcurved dorsomedial hooks but surstyli, gonopods and membranous area of syntergosternite 8 provide additional diagnostic features. For genital illustrations of the nine European taxa see Kehlmaier (2005à). Concerning the Eastern Palaearctic (Collin, 1941; Kozänek, 1988, 1992; Kozänek & A NEW EUDORYLAS FROM CENTRAL ASIA 35 FiGs 3-10 Male genitalia of holotype of E. manasi Sp. n. (3) Phallic guide, gonopods and hypandrium in ventral view. (4) Phallic guide and gonopods 1n lateral view from right side. (5) Phallus, sperm pump and ejaculatory apodeme in ventral view (one ejaculatory duct partly missing). (6) Syntergosternite 8 in caudal view. (7) Ejaculatory apodeme. (8) Right surstylus in lateral view. (9) Surstyli in strictly dorsal view. (10) Left surstylus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. 36 C. KEHLMAIER Kwon, 1991; Kuznetzov, 1990a, 1990b, 1993, 1994; Morakote et al., 1990; Yang & Xu, 1989, 1996; Xu & Yang, 1990), only Eudorylas duocollis Morakote & Yano, 1990 from Japan, and known from the female sex only, might also be assigned to this group. ADDENDA TO THE IDENTIFICATION KEY OF MALE EUDORYLINI PROVIDED IN KEHLMAIER (20054: 57FF) STARTING FROM COUPLET 40 40 Ducts of phallus coiled to an almost complete circle (Fig. 5)........... 40a 40* Ducts of phallus shorter, at maximum semi-circular ................... 41 40a Left gonopod larger than right one (Fig. 3). Phallic guide viewed laterally, with two upcurved dorsomedial hooks (Fig. 4). Membranous area of syntergosternite 8 large (Fig. 6) . . . Eudorylas masani Kehlmaier sp. n. 40a* Left gonopod smaller than right one (see Fig. 36a in Kehlmaier (2005a)). Phallic guide viewed laterally, with two small triangular dorsomedial projections (see Fig. 36b in Kehlmaier (2005a)). Membranous area of syntergosternite 8 small (see Fig. 36e in Kehlmaïer (2005a)) . ........ Pa sans en Se ce de 2 RU Eudorylas terminalis (Thomson, 1870) ADDITIONAL FAUNISTIC RECORDS Chalarus brevicaudis Jervis, 1992 MATERIAL STUDIED: 14 19%, Kyrgyz Republic, 11km N Tas Kumyr, 900m, 22.V.1994, leg. B. Merz, coll. MHNG. Chalarus spurius (Fallén, 1816) MATERIAL STUDIED: 26 , Kyrgyz Republic, Kara-Arthsa valley, 35km ESE Dzhambul, 1400m, 4.V.1994, leg. B. Merz, coll. MHNG. PIPUNCULIDAE PRESENTLY KNOWN FROM THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC According to De Meyer (1996), De Meyer et al. (2000), Kehilmaier (2005) and this study, the following 13 Pipunculidae species have been recorded from the Kyrgyz Republic so far, representing approximately one tenth of the expected diversity: Chalarus brevicaudis, C. spurius, Eudorylas auctus Kehlmaier, 2005; E. fusculus (Zetterstedt 1844), E. tshatkalensis Kuznetzov, 1990; Dorylomorpha albitarsis (Zetterstedt, 1844); D. extricata (Collin, 1937), D. incognita (Verrall, 1901); D. spi - nosa spinosa Albrecht, 1979; D. tanasijtshuki Albrecht, 1990; Tomosvaryella freid - bergi De Meyer, 1995 and T. kirghizorum Kuznetzov, 1993. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks go to Dr. Valery A. Korneyev (Kiev) and Dr. Bernhard Merz (Geneva) for providing the material and information on the locus typicus. Dr. Jeff Skevington (Ottawa) commented on the manuscript. REFERENCES CoOLLIN, J. E. 1941. Some Pipunculidae and Empididae from the Ussuri region on the Far Eastern border of the U.S.S.R. (Diptera). Part 1. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy 10: 218-224. A NEW EUDORYLAS FROM CENTRAL ASIA 37 DE MEYER, M. 1996. World Catalogue of Pipunculidae (Diptera). Srudiedocumenten van het Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen 86: 1-127. DE MEYER, M., FOLDVARI, M. & BAEZ, M. 2000. The Pipunculidae (Diptera) fauna of the Canary Islands and Madeira. Bulletin van de Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging voor Entomologie 136: 144-152. KEHLMAIER, C. 2005a. Taxanomic revision of European Eudorylini (Insecta, Diptera, Pipun- culidae). Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (NF) 41: 45-353. KEHLMAIER, C. 2005b. Taxonomic studies on Palaearctic and Oriental Eudorylini (Diptera: Pipunculidae), with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 1030: 1-48. KOZANEK, M. 1988. Description of two new species of the genus ÆEudorylas (Diptera, Pipunculidae) from Soviet Middle Asia. Biolôgia 43 (10): 945-948. KOZANEK, M. 1992. Contribution to the pipunculid fauna of Mongolia (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Akitu, New Series 131: 1-16. KOZANEK, M. & KWON, Y. J. 1991. Classification of the Family Pipunculidae from Korea (Diptera) Part II. On the genus Eudorylas Aczél from North Korea. Korean Journal of Entomology 21 (4): 157-165. KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1990a. New Palaearctic species of Pipunculidae (Diptera). Dipterological Research 1: 23-50. KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1990b. New species of the family Pipunculidae (Diptera) from Mongolia. Insects of Mongolia 11: 378-393 (in Russian). KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1993. A new species of Eudorylas Aczél (Diptera, Pipunculidae) from Turkmenistan. Dipterological Reaserch 4 (4): 201-207. KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1994. À new species of Eudorylas Aczél (Diptera, Pipunculidae) from the Middle Asia. Dipterological Research 5 (1): 33-37. MORAKOTE, R., HIRASHIMA, Y. & YANO, K. 1990. À Systematic Study of the Japanese Pipun- culidae (Diptera) Part V. The Genus ÆEudorylas Aczél. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University 34 (4): 281-355. SKEVINGTON, J. H. 2001. Revision of Australian Clistoabdominalis (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Invertebrate Taxonomy 15: 695-761. SKEVINGTON, J. H. 2002. Revision of Australian Eudorylas Aczél (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Studia dipterologica 9: 621-672. SKEVINGTON, J. H. & DE MEYER, M. 2004. Pipunculidae Research by Elmo Hardy: Another Founding Event on the Hawaïian Islands. Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology 12: 13-25. YANG, C.-K. & Xu, Y. 1989. The Big-headed Flies of Shaanxi. Entomotaxonomia X1 (1-2): 157-162. YANG, C.-K. & XU, Y. 1996. Pipunculidae (pp. 91-117). /n: XUE, W. & CHAO, C. (eds). Flies of China, Volume 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, 1365 pp. XU, YŸ. & YANG, C.-K. 1990. Contributions to Pipunculidae (Diptera) from Nei Mongol. Entomotaxonomia XII (3-4): 305-308. à px d lus us L fact Fig HR LE és 1 jus Pen GRA és fa c « n * 1e A Léo Set SUR EN SO | Éalres Lo Li jo méuiueunrt Cl dif IG 2727 wsr! LIL : rte rCOBMÉvaft 1 LUTTER ’ xd , #, te ras da À . e RÉ wa h . As # 4 | 1e. PE NL ER NB dvroupi we à nd amie HRMEES autrss GMT TR pe CFE CI 2 dt vs lotion sfb Jet 1 ghuit sfhemainlt À JANE-A NA AU ARR CINN AA wine ao ét irait 1 pe L # ne : | 6 TRS vies | ‘ ” #} ft | ARTE CET | HU 6 LE \T-208 el cprresta ie | ON L1 RULES "ét L tr ALU de 4 } ir ætius \' { EEE À su Z NUS Fans ii TT Pets Po LÈ M, OA Pas / Ta | 5105 1m) Ont en, AE | ét ip X La pe tire ” Rois F ( : & e dc 4 " id ai + " JUo : Le pres cn F. amer + Micramse rs jes F and Dr À TT "ru ie lrcsit > au pt Le Led e tt . V REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 39-44; mars 2011 New Platypalpus Macquart from Hubeïi, China (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) Ding YANG!” and Weihai LI? l Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Email: dyangcau@ 126 .com, dyangcau@ yahoo.com.cn 2 Department of Plant Protection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China. Email: Iwh7969@ 163.com * Correspondence author New Platypalpus Macquart from Hubei, China (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae). - Two new species of the genus P/atypalpus Macquart belonging to the P. longicornis Species-group are described as new to science: P. dalongtanus Sp. n. and P. pinggianus Sp. n. À key to the species of the genus from Hubei 1s presented. Keywords: Diptera - Empidoidea - Tachydrominae - Platypalpus - new species - China - Hube:ï. INTRODUCTION Platypalpus Macquart can be easily separated from all other genera of the family Hybotidae by the following combination of characters: eyes narrowly separated on face and frons, mid leg raptorial, and anal cell present (Chväla, 1975; Grootaert & Chväla, 1992). The genus is distributed worldwide with 547 known species, of which 46 species are recorded from China (Yang et al., 2007). The major references dealing with Platypalpus in the Oriental and Palaearctic Regions are as following: Brunetti (1920), Frey (1943), Smith (1965), Chväla (1975, 1989), Grootaert & Chväla (1992), and Grootaert & Shamshev (2006). So far, only two species are known from Hubeï (Yang & Yang, 1997). Recently, two new species belonging to the longicornis species-group as defined by Chväla (1989) were collected. We are taking here the opportunity to describe and 1llustrate them. À key to the species from Hubei is presented which should help to facilitate their identification. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens were collected by Mr. Qifei Liu. The type material is deposited in the following collections: CAU = Entomological Museum of the Agricultural University, Beijing, China MHNG = Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève, Switzerland In order to allow an easy comparison of descriptions of various authors, the ter - minology of morphological terms follows Grootaert & Chväla (1992). The following Manuscript accepted 19.06.2010 40 D. YANG & W. LI abbreviations for bristles are used: acr-acrostichial, av-anteroventral, h-humeral, oc-ocellar, npl-notopleural, psa-postalar, pv-posteroventral, sc-scutellar, vt-vertical. KEY TO SPECIES OF PLATYPALPUS (DIPTERA, HYBOTIDAE) FROM HUBEI, CHINA la Thorax yellow; antenna yellow or dark yellow . LEE ER ERP 2 Ib TFhorax /black;éntennæblack} hhmmnt sn mec hubeiensis Yang & Yang 2a Mesonotum and scutellum partly or entirely black ..................... 3 2b Mesonotum and scutellum entirely yellow ............... pinggianus Sp. n. 3a Mesonotum entirely yellow; scutellum black, mediotergite yellow; hind lemur without ventral Spines ARE ne guangxiensis Yang & Yang 3b Mesonotum with a black mid-longitudinal stripe; scutellum and medio- tergite black; hind femur with a row of tiny, black ventral spines on apical HARDCORE QUETA ORAN: dalongtanus sp. n. SYSTEMATIC PART Platypalpus dalongtanus sp. n. Figs 1-3 MATERIAL: Holotype 4, CHINA, Hubei, Shennongjia, Dalongtan, 27. VI. 2009, leg. Qifei Liu (CAU). — Paratypes, 2 d , same data as holotype (CAU, MHNG). ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to the type locality. DIAGNOSIS: Thorax yellow except mesonotum with a black mid-longitudinal stripe, scutellum and mediotergite black. 2 pairs of vt. Antenna dark yellow; first flagellomere short oval (1.2-1.3 times longer than wide); mid femur without true posteroventral bristles; mid tibia with a finger-like, obtuse apical spur ventrally which is about as long as diameter of apex of tibia. Hind femur with a row of 8 black tiny ventral black spines on apical half. DESCRIPTION Male: Body length 3.2-3.5 mm, wing length 3.8-4.3 mm. Head black, gray microtrichose. Distance between eyes on frons slightly wider than diameter of anterior ocellus; face narrower than frons. Hairs and bristles on head pale. Ocellar tubercle with 1 pair of oc and 4 very short posterior hairs; 2 pairs of vr. Antenna dark yellow; scape without dorsal bristles; pedicel with a circle of pale apical hairs; first flagellomere short oval, 1.2-1.3 times as long as wide, with some apical hairs; arista very long, 3.4-3.5 times as long as first flagellomere, blackish, short pubescent. Clypeus dark brown, shining. Proboscis almost as long as height of head, brownish yellow with brown hairs; palpus dark yellow with 3 long pale bristles ventrally. Thorax yellow, thinly gray microtrichose; mesonotum subshining, with a black mid-longitudinal stripe (its short posterior part narrowed and not reaching scutellum); scutellum and mediotergite black. Haiïirs on thorax pale, bristles brownish yellow: 1 short hair-like h curved inwards, 2 npl (anterior npl short and hair-like), acr short, indistinctly 4-seriate, 1 long psa (nearly as long as posterior npl), 1 short presc (distinctly shorter than psa), scutellum with 2 pairs of sc (basal pair very short, one third as long as apical pair). PLATYPALPUS FROM HUBEI 4] FIiGs 1-3 Platypalpus dalongtanus sp.n, male. 1, genitalia, dorsal view; 2, right surstylus; 3, left epandrial lamella. Legs yellow, but tarsomere 5 of all legs brown. Hairs on legs pale. Fore femur weakly and mid femur distinctly thickened, fore femur 1.1 times and mid femur 1.7- 1.8 times as wide as hind femur; mid femur with two rows of short black ventral bristles (av very short, pv slightly longer than av, those on basal 1/4 distinctly longer and paler, more brownish yellow), without row of true pv; mid tibia with a row of blackish ventral bristles and a finger-like, obtuse apical spur which is about as long as apical diameter of the tibia. Hind femur with a row of 8 black tiny ventral spines on apical half. Wing hyaline; veins brownish yellow, R,,s and M parallel apically; basal cells equal, crossveins contiguous. Squama yellow with pale hairs. Halter yellow. Abdomen yellow except tergites 1-6 brown or blackish, pale gray micro- trichose; hypopygium black. Hairs on abdomen pale. Male genitalia (Figs 1-3). Left epandrial lamella medially with a row of evenly long medially directed hairs in one row; right epandrial lamella wide in dorsal view, its apical projection (surstylus) nearly quadrate with obtuse apex; left cerci rather long, pointed and spine-like apically; right cercus short with nearly obtuse apex. Female: Unknown. DISTRIBUTION: China (Hubei). 42 D. YANG & W. LI REMARKS: The new species is similar to Platypalpus hamatus Yang & Yang from Tibet, but it can be separated from the latter by the mesonotum with a narrow mid-longitudinal stripe and the left epandrial lamella with a weak basal process with a brush of long bristles. In P. hamatus, the mesonotum has a rather wide mid-longitu- dinal stripe and the basal process of the left epandrial lamella is bare (Yang & Yang, 1989). Platypalpus guangxiensis Yang & Yang, 1992 Platypalpus guangxiensis Yang & Yang, 1992: 46. TYPE LOCALITY: China: Guangxi, Tianlin. DIAGNOSIS: Thorax yellow except scutellum black. 2 pairs of vt. Antenna yellow; first flagellomere short conical, 1.4 times longer than wide; arista 3.6 times as long as first flagellomere. Mid femur without true posteroventral bristles; mid tibia with a finger-like apical spur ventrally. DISTRIBUTION: China (Hubeiï, Sichuan, Guangxi). Platypalpus hubeiensis Yang & Yang, 1997 Platypalpus hubeiensis Yang & Yang, 1997: 1469. TyPE LOCALITY: China: Hubei, Xingshan. DIAGNOSIS: Thorax entirely black. 2 pairs of vt. Antenna black; first flagello- mere long conical, twice as long as wide; arista 3 times as long as first flagellomere. Mid femur without true posteroventral bristles; mid tibia with a finger-like apical spur ventrally. DISTRIBUTION: China (Hubei). Platypalpus pingqianus sp. n. Figs 4-6 MATERIAL: Holotype d ; CHINA, Hubei, Shennongjia, Pingqian, 7. VII. 2009, leg. Qifei Liu (CAU). — Paratypes: 2 4 1 ® , same data as holotype (CAU, MHNG). ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to the type locality. DIAGNOSIS: Thorax nearly entirely yellow except katepisternum with a black dot at posterior margin. 2 pairs of vt. Antenna yellow; first flagellomere short oval (1.2-1.3 times longer than wide), arista over 4 times longer. Mid femur without true postero- ventral bristles; mid tibia with a finger-like, obtuse apical spur ventrally which is about as long as apical diameter of tibia. DESCRIPTION Male: Body length 3.3-3.4 mm, wing length 3.1-3.2 mm. Head black, gray microtrichose. Distance between eyes on frons slightly wider than diameter of anterior ocellus; face narrower than frons. Hairs and bristles on head pale. Ocellar tubercle with 1 pair of oc and 4 very short posterior hairs; 2 pairs of vt. Antenna yellow; scape without dorsal bristles; pedicel with a circle of pale apical hairs: first flagellomere short oval, 1.2-1.3 times longer than wide, with some apical hairs; arista much longer, 4.1-4.2 times as long as first flagellomere, blackish, short pubescent. Clypeus brownish, medially subshining. Proboscis almost as long as height of head, brownish yellow with brown hairs; palpus yellow with 2 long pale bristles dorsally in apical half. PLATYPALPUS FROM HUBEI 43 FiGs 4-6 Platypalpus pingqianus sp. n, male. 4, genitalia, dorsal view; 5, right surstylus; 6, left epandrial lamella. Thorax yellow, thinly gray microtrichose; mesonotum subshining; katepi - sternum with a black dot at posterior margin. Hairs on thorax pale, bristles brownish yellow; 1 short hair-like h curved inwards, 2 npl (anterior npl short and hair-like), acr short and indiscinct, irregularly 4-seriate, 1 long psa (nearly as long as posterior npl), 1 short presc (shorter than psa), scutellum with 2 pairs of sc (basal pair very short, one third as long as apical pair). Legs yellow, but tarsomere 5 of all legs brown. Hairs on legs pale. Fore femur weakly and mid femur distinctly thickened, fore femur 1.1 times and mid femur 2.0- 2.1 times as wide as hind femur; mid femur with two rows of short black ventral bristles (av very short, pv slightly longer than av, those on basal 1/4 longer and more brownish yellow), without row of true pv; mid tibia with a row of blackish ventral bristles and finger-like apical spur which is about as long as diameter of tibia at apex. Wing hyaline; veins brownish yellow, R,,, and M nearly parallel apically; basal cells subequal, crossveins therefore almost contiguous. Squama yellow with pale hairs. Halter yellow. Abdomen yellow except tergites 1-6 brownish yellow, pale gray microtrichose; hypopygium brown. Hairs on abdomen pale. Male genitalia (Figs 4-6). Apical projection (surstylus) of left epandrial lamella large and subtriangular with long bristles laterally and with a short row of short pale hairs; right epandrial lamella wide in dorsal view, its apical projection (surstylus) rather small and subtriangular with acute tip; left and right cercus of subequal length; left cercus With spine-like apex; right cercus short, its apex nearly obtuse. Female: Body length 4.2 mm, wing length 3.3 mm. Similar to male. 44 D. YANG & W. LI DISTRIBUTION: China (Hube:i). REMARKS: The new species 1s very similar to Platypalpus xanthodes Yang & Merz from Guangxi, but it can be separated from the latter by the left cercus with the acute apical portion short, the right surstylus short and subtriangular with an acute tip, and the left epandrial lamella nearly acute apically. In P. xanthodes, the left cercus has a long, acute apical portion; the right surstylus 1s long and somewhat quadrate with a wide and nearly truncate tip; the left epandrial lamella is wide and obtuse apically (Yang & Merz, 2005). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Our sincere thanks are due to Mr. Qifei Liu (China Agricultural University, Beijing) for collecting the specimens and to Dr. Bernhard Merz (Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève) for reviewing the paper. The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30770259), the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20090008110016) and Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (No. 2009-2-08). REFERENCES BRUNETTI, E. 1920. Diptera Brachycera Vol. 1. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon & Burma. London, 401 pp. CHVALA, M. 1975. The Tachydrominae (Dipt. Empididae) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. I. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 3: 1-336. Scandinavian Science Press, Kopenhagen. CHVALA, M. 1989. Monograph of northern and central European species of Platypalpus (Diptera, Hybotidae), with data on the occurrence in Czechoslovakia. Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Biologica 32: 209-376. FREY, R. 1943. Übersicht der paläarktischen Arten der Gattung Platypalpus Macq. (-Coryneta Meig.). (Dipt., Empididae). Notulae Entomologicae 23: 1-19. GROOTAERT, P. & CHVALA, M. 1992. Monograph of the genus Platypalpus (Diptera: Empidoidea, Hybotidae) of the Mediterranean region and the Canary Islands. Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Biologica 36: 3-226. GROOTAERT, P. & SHAMSHEV, I. 2006. The genus Platypalpus Macquart (Diptera: Hybotidae) from Northeast Thailand with comments on the species groups in the Oriental region. Journal of Natural History 39(47): 4031-4065. SMITH, K. G. V. 1965. Diptera from Nepal: Empididae. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 17 (2): 61-112. YANG, D. & MERZ, B. 2005. Review of the species of Platypalpus Macquart from Guangxi, China (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 112: 849-857. YANG, D. & YANG, C. 1989. The dance flies of Xizang (I) (Diptera: Empididae). Acta Agri - culturae Universitatis Pekinensis 15 (4): 415-424. YANG, C. & YANG, D. 1992. Three new species of Empididae from Guangxi — Diptera: Brachycera. Journal of the Guangxi Academy of Sciences 8 (1): 44-48. YANG, D. & YANG, C. 1997. Diptera: Empididae (pp. 1469-1476). In: YANG, X. (ed.). Insects of the Three Gorge Reservoir Area of Yangtze River. Chongqing Publishing House, Chongaing, 1847 pp. YANG, D., ZHANG, K. Y., YAO, G. & ZHANG, J. H. 2007. World catalog of Empididae (Insecta: Diptera). China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 599 pp. REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 45-48; mars 2011 A new Agyneta Hull, 1911 from Iran (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Micronetinae) Andrei V. TANASEVITCH Centre for Forest Ecology and Production, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia. E-mail: and-tan@mail.ru A new Agyneta Hull, 1911 from Iran (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Micro - netinae). - À new species, Agyneta iranica Sp. n., is described from Golestan, Iran, differing from congeners by the shape of the distal part of the lamella characteristica in the male, as well as by the much wider entrance ducts, which are well translucent through the proscape in the female. The correct data for the type locality of Megalepthyphantes kan - dahar Tanasevitch, 2009 is given. Keywords: Arachnida - spiders - new species. INTRODUCTION One more species, Agyneta iranica Sp. n., is added to the list of 67 linyphiid species known from Iran (Tanasevitch, 2009a). The new species was found in a forest in the Golestan Province near the border to Turkmenistan. MATERIAL AND METHODS This contribution is based on the spider material collected by Antoine Senglet from Iran, deposited in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Geneva (MHNG). Senglet’s collection number is given in square brackets. In the description, the sequence of leg segment measurements is as follows: fe- mur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus. AI measurements are given in mm. AII scale lines in the figures correspond to 0.1 mm. The terminology of palpal structures follows that of Saaristo & Tanasevitch (1996). Abbreviations used in the text and figures: BT - basal tooth, E - embolus, ED - entrance duct, LL - lateral lobe, P - proscape, TmI - position of trichobothrium on tibia I. Agyneta iranica Sp. n. Figs 1-7 HOLOTYPE: MNHG (without registration number); d, Iran, Golestan; labeled as Mazandaran, Naharkhoran/Gorgan (36°44’N, 54°29'E), forest, sifted litter and moss; 20.VIL.1973; leg. A. Senglet [7332]. PARATYPES: MNHG (without registration number); 2 ® , same locality and date as for holotype. Manuscript accepted 22.03.2010 46 A. V. TANASEVITCH FIGs 1-7 Agyneta iranica Sp. n., 4 holotype (1-6) and © paratype (7). (1) Right palp, retrolateral view. (2) Cymbium, prolateral view. (3) Palpal tibia, dorsal view. (4) Palpal tibia and paracymbium, lateral view. (5) Lamella characteristica, lateral view. (6) Embolic division. (7) Epigyne, ventral VIEW. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, an adjective, is derived from the name of the country of origin. DIAGNOSIS: The new species can be easily distinguished by the peculiar shape of the lamella characteristica, by the presence of a strong tooth at the base of the embolus in male, as well as by the much wider entrance ducts, which are well trans - lucent through the proscape in the female. A NEW AGYNETA FROM IRAN 47 DESCRIPTION: Male. Total length 1.77. Carapace 0.75 long, 0.55 wide, brown, with a thin black margin. Chelicerae 0.32 long. Legs yellow to pale brown. Leg I 2.79 long (0.75+0.20+0.70+0.67+0.47), IV 2.86 long (0.77+0.20+0.72+0.65+0.52). Chaetotaxy: AIl tibiae with two dorsal spines only. Metatarsi spineless. TmI 0.26. Metatarsus IV without trichobothrium. Palp (Figs 1-6): Palpal tibia with two small out- growths retrolaterally. Cymbium without posterodorsal outgrowth. Posterior and anterior pockets of paracymbium poorly expressed. Lamella characteristica like a narrow band with a hook apically. Embolus with a long tooth basally. Abdomen 1.00 long, 0.70 wide, pale grey. Female. Total length 1.90. Carapace 0.75 long, 0.52 wide. Chelicerae 0.30 long, unmodified. Leg I 2.42 long (0.70+0.20+0.62+0.58+0.32), IV 2.46 long (0.72+0.20+0.62+0.60+0.32). TmI 0.22. Abdomen 1.20 long, 0.80 wide. Epigyne (Fig. 7): Proscape slightly narrowed basally. Entrance ducts very wide, well translucent through proscape. Lateral lobes of scape well-developed. Body and leg coloration, as well as chaetotaxy, as in male. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species seems to be most similar to the Turkmenian-[ranian Agyneta kopetdaghensis Tanasevitch, 1989, originally described from Kopet Dagh Mts, Turkmenistan (Tanasevitch, 1989), but differs clearly by the shape of the distal part of the lamella characteristica, which is claw-shaped in A. iranica Sp. n., versus circular saw-like in À. kopetdaghensis. The female of the new species differs from that of A. kopetdaghensis by the much wider entrance ducts of the epigyne, well translucent through the proscape. DISTRIBUTION: Known from the type locality only. CORRIGENDA In my previous paper on linyphiid spiders of Afghanistan (Tanasevitch, 2009b) the type locality of Megalepthyphantes kandahar Tanasevitch, 2009 has unfortunately been incorrectly given as AFGHANISTAN: Kandahar, E of Kandahar [7561] (31°37°N, 65°53’E), 1.VIIL.1975, leg. A. Senglet. In fact the type locality of M. kan- dahar is as follows: AFGHANISTAN: Kabul Province, Golbagh [7567] (34°26°N, 69°07’E), 11.VIIL.1975, leg. A. Senglet. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am most grateful to Antoine Senglet (Vich, Switzerland), whose material served as the basis of the present paper, and to Peter J. Schwendinger (MHNG) for the opportunity to work on the spider collections of the Muséum d'histoire naturelle in Geneva. Sergei Golovatch (Moscow, Russia) kindly checked the English of an advanced draft. This study was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, projects # 09-04-01365-a and # 08-04-92230-a. REFERENCES SAARISTO, M. I. & TANASEVITCH, À. V. 1996. Redelimitation of the subfamily Micronetinae Hull, 1920 and the genus Lepthyphantes Menge, 1866 with descriptions of some new genera. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck 83: 163-186. 48 A. V. TANASEVITCH TANASEVITCH, A. V. 1989. The linyphiid spiders of Middle Asia (Arachnida: Araneae: Linyphiidae). Senckenbergiana biologica 69 (1/3): 83-176. TANASEVITCH, À. V. 2009a. The linyphiid spiders of Iran (Arachnida, Araneae, Linyphiidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 116 (3-4): 379-420. TANASEVITCH, À. V. 2009b. Notes on linyphiid spiders from Afghanistan (Araneae, Linyphiidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 116 (3-4): 421-426. REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 49-91; mars 2011 On linyphiid spiders (Araneae) from the Eastern and Central Mediterranean kept at the Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Geneva Andrei V. TANASEVITCH Centre for Forest Ecology and Production, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia. E-mail: and-tan@mail.ru On linyphiid spiders (Araneae) from the Eastern and Central Mediterranean kept at the Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Geneva. - Ten species are described as new: Araeoncus cypriacus Sp. n., À. rhodes sp. n., Archaraeoncus hebraeus Sp. n., Improphantes cypriot Sp. n., I. turok sp. n., Jacksonella bidens sp. n., Megalepthyphantes globularis sp. n., Stemony - phantes serratus Sp. n., Troxochrus apertus Sp. n., and Typhochrestus ika- rianus Sp. n. Three new synonyms are established: Erigone simillima Keyserling, 1886 syn. n., E. zographica Crosby & Bishop, 1928 syn. n. and E. viabilis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 syn. n. = Æ. cristatopalpus Simon, 1884. À new combination is proposed: Tapinocyba silvestris Georgescu, 1973 = Crosbyarachne silvestris (Georgescu, 1973) comb. n. The previously unknown female of Gongylidiellum orduense Wunderlich, 1995 is described. Some misidentifications are corrected: some material from Austria labeled as E. cristatopalpus actually refers to E. tenuimana Simon, 1884; a male from Mongolia identified as Æ. zographica/tirolensis belongs to E. whymperi O. P.-Cambridge, 1877; a record of Gonatium hilare (Thorell, 1875) from Sakhalin, Russia actually refers to G. nipponicum Millidge, 1981, thus the known distribution of G. hilare is restricted to Europe. A distribution pattern is indicated for several species. Keywords: Arachnida - Linyphiidae - new species - new synonyms - new combination - new records. INTRODUCTION Examining of the extensive undetermined spider collections from different regions of Europe and Asia in the Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Geneva (MHNG) revealed many new or little-known species. This paper is devoted to the linyphiids collected from some eastern, central European and Near Eastern countries, 1.e., terri- tories belonging to the Eastern and Central Mediterranean Region. The following list contains species which are new for science, are interesting and little-known, or are new to the fauna of that region. MATERIAL AND METHODS This paper is based on spider material kept at the MHNG and collected from Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, and Turkey. Some paratypes and Manuscrit accepté le 09.06.2010 50 A. V. TANASEVITCH non-type specimens are deposited in the collection of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. Collection numbers are given in square brackets. The chaetotaxy of Erigoninae is given in a formula (e.g., 2.2.1.1) which refers to the number of dorsal spines on tibiae I-IV. In Micronetinae, the chaetotaxy is given in a different formula, e.g., T1 [: 2-1-1-2(1), which means that tibia I has two dorsal spines, one pro-, one retrolateral spine, and two or one ventral spine (the apical spines are disregarded). The sequence of leg segment measurements is as follows: femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus. AII measurements are given in mm. AII scale lines in the figures correspond to 0.1 mm unless indicated otherwise. The terminology of genitalic structures in Micronetinae follows that of Saaristo & Tanasevitch (1996), in Erigoninae it mainly follows that of Hormiga (2000). ABBREVIATIONS AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York, U.S.A. ARP Anterior radical process ATA Anterior tegular apophysis BMNHC Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, U.S.A. Ca Carina CAT Personal collection of Andrei Tanasevitch, Moscow, Russia DA Dorsal apophysis DP Dorsal plate DPS Distal part of scape DSA Distal suprategular apophysis E Embolus EP Embolus proper É Lamella characteristica MHNG Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland MM Median membrane MNHNP Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. Paris, France MT Mesal tooth PCB Personal collection of Don Buckle, Saskatoon, Canada PMP Posterior median plate 4 À Posterior tooth R Radix RA Radical apophysis Re Receptacle RP Radical part of embolic division SMF Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt a. M., Germany SS Serrate surface TA Terminal apophysis Th Thumb USNM National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DE, USA. ZMMU Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 51 RESULTS Acartauchenius scurrilis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) MATERIAL: 1 G ,1 © , Greece, Epirus, environs of Igoumenitsa, under stones, 25.I11.1978, leg. S. Vit [1]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. RANGE: European-Ancient Mediterranean. Alioranus pastoralis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) MATERIAL: 1 & , Cyprus, Troodos Mts, Cedar Valley, near camping, 1100 m a.s.l., under stones, 18.XI1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/20]. — 1 4, E of Küçükerenkôy, Olea plantation, 16.1V.1998, leg. S. Vit [98-24c].— 1 % , Greece, Rhodes, Petaloudes, near pond, 15.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [17a].— 1 © , Turkey, Bornova, near Izmir, litter, 20.V.1974, leg. T. Jaccoud. — 1 4, Jordan, Wadi Schaib, 15.11.1968, leg. J. & S. Klapperich. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish and Jordanian faunas. RANGE: East Mediterranean. Allotiso lancearius (Tanasevitch, 1987) MATERIAL: 24 9; 5 9 (ZMMU), Turkey, SW of Artvin, 1900 m a.s.I., pasture in Fagus & Picea forest, under stones, 9.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [10a].-— 1 ?, same locality, 1900 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Fagus & Rhododendron, 9.VT.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [10d]. — 1 ©, same locality, 1500 m a.s., Fagus & Picea forest with Rhododendron, sifting litter, 9.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [11b]. REMARKS: This species was hitherto known from the Caucasus only (Tanasevitch, 1987, 1990). It is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Caucasian. Araeoncus Cypriacus Sp. n. Figs 1-5 HOLOTYPE: d , Cyprus, Baths of Aphrodite, sifting leaf litter in ravine, 22.VIII.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [38]. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, an adjective, is derived from the name of the island of origin. DIAGNOSIS: The species is characterised by the shape of two anterior radical processes of the embolic division. DESCRIPTION: Male. Total length 1.57. Carapace slightly modified as in Figs 1 & 2,0.85 long, 0.55 wide, reddish brown. Chelicerae 0.25 long. Legs pale brown. Leg I 1.88 long (0.52+0.17+0.45+0.42+0.32), IV 1.97 long (0.55+0.17+0.50+0.45+0.30). Chaetotaxy: 2.2.1.1, spines very thin, their length about diameter of tibia. TmI 0.43. Metatarsus IV without trichobothrium. Palp (Figs 3-5): Cymbium with a long, pointed, shightly curved prolateral outgrowth. Paracymbium relatively small, hook-shaped. Distal suprategular apophysis like a long, narrow, slightly curved stripe. Embolic di - vision complex in shape, with two anterior radical processes: one long, curved and pointed distally, other one short and blunt. A spear-shaped tooth present near base of 52 A. V. TANASEVITCH FIGs 1-5 Araeoncus cypriacus Sp. n., d holotype. (1, 2) Carapace, lateral and dorsal view, respectively. (3, 4) Left palp, retrolateral and prolateral view, respectively. (5) Palpal tibia, dorsal view. anterior radical processes. Embolus circle-shaped. Abdomen 0.75 long, 0.55 wide, grey. Female unknown. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species seems to be most similar to À. rhodes sp. n., see below. DISTRIBUTION: Known from the type locality only. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 53 Araeoncus rhodes Sp. n. Figs 6-12, 20 HOLOTYPE: & , Greece, Rhodes, Petaloudes, sifting leaf litter, 8.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet {2b]. PARATYPE: 1 9 , from same locality, collected together with the holotype. TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED FOR COMPARISON: MNHNP AR 12101. A vial labeled as “#6421 Streptosphaenus culminicola (Diplocephalus c.), Pic du Midi, E. Simon”, contains 3 4 and 1 © (a carapace and an abdomen, separated). Most probably, the female was placed into the syntype series later, as in fact Simon (1884) described D. culminicola only from males, and a female was described much later by Denis (1953). Denis’s illustrations of the epigyne do not correspond to the epigyne of the female from Paris Museum, so the female in vial AR 12101 may not belong to D. culminicola. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, a noun, is derived from the name of the Greek Island where the new species was found. DIAGNOSIS: The species is characterised by the shape of the anterior radical processes of the embolic division in the male, as well as by the peculiar shape of well visible translucent oblong receptacles in the female. DESCRIPTION: Male. Total length 1.85. Carapace slightly modified as in Figs 6 & 7,0.95 long, 0.62 wide, reddish brown. Chelicerae 0.27 long. Legs pale brown. Leg I 2.17 long (0.60+0.20+0.52+0.50+0.35), IV 2.29 long (0.65+0.20+0.60+0.52+0.32). Chaetotaxy: 2.2.1.1, spines length on Til-IIT about 0.3-0.5 diameter of segment, on TilV about diameter or a bit longer. TmI 0.43. Metatarsus IV without trichobothrium. Palp (Figs 8-12): Cymbium with a long, pointed, slightly curved prolateral outgrowth. Paracymbium relatively small, hook-shaped. Distal suprategular apophysis like a long, narrow, slightly curved band, pointed distally. Embolic division with two distal anterior radical processes almost equal in size to each other. Embolus relatively short and thick. Abdomen 0.87 long, 0.62 wide, grey. Female. Total length 2.00. Carapace 0.80 long, 0.60 wide. Chelicerae 0.35 long. Leg I 2.09 long (0.60+0.17+0.50+0.47+0.35), IV 2.21 long (0.65+0.22+0.57+ 0.47+ 0.30). Length of spines on legs about of 1-1.5 diameter of segment. TmI 0.47. Abdomen 1.27 long, 1.00 wide. Epigyne typical for representatives of Araeoncus Simon, 1884, with well visible translucent oblong receptacles as in Fig. 20. Body and leg coloration, as well as chaetotaxy, as in male. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species seems to be most similar to À. cypria- cus Sp. n., but differs well by the shorter and thicker embolus, as well as by the shape of the anterior radical processes. The female can be easily distinguished by the pecu- liar shape of the well visible translucent oblong receptacles. The male carapace is very similar to that of Diplocephalus culminicola Simon, 1884, the palp of which has not yet been 1llustrated. The shape of the palpal tibia of D. culminicola is very similar to that of Dactylopisthes mirificus (Georgescu, 1976), and to the representatives of Archaraeoncus Tanasevitch, 1987, but the palpal conformation of D. culminicola is fully corresponding to that of Diplocephalus Bertkau, 1883. DISTRIBUTION: Known from the type locality only. Archaraeoncus hebraeus sp. n. Figs 13-19, 21 HOLOTYPE: d , Israel, Maize, Newe Yaar, summer 1986, leg. S. Heimer. PARATYPE: 1 9, Israel, Galilee, Ginosar, on bank of stream, 20.-21.V.1973, leg. I. Lôbl [Is-73/1]. 54 A. V. TANASEVITCH FiGs 6-12 Araeoncus rhodes Sp. n., 4 holotype. (6, 7) Carapace, lateral and dorsal view, respectively. (8, 9) Left palp, retrolateral and prolateral view, respectively. (10) Palpal tibia, dorsal view. (11) Distal suprategular apophysis, anterior view. (12) Embolic division, anterior view. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 55 FiGs 13-19 Archaraeoncus hebraeus Sp. n., 4 holotype. (13, 14) Carapace, lateral and dorsal view, respec- tively. (15, 16) Right palp, retrolateral and prolateral view, respectively. (17, 18) Palpal tibia, prolateral and dorsal view, respectively. (19) Embolic division and distal suprategular apophysis, prolateral view. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, an adjective, translated from Latin as “Jewish”. DIAGNOSIS: The new species 1s characterised by the peculiar shape of the palpal tibia, and by the presence of only one distal suprategular apophysis. DESCRIPTION: Male. Total length 1.43. Carapace slightly modified as in Figs 13 & 14,0.67 long, 0.45 wide, brown. Chelicerae 0.22 long. Legs pale brown. Leg I 1.47 56 A. V. TANASEVITCH FiGs 20, 21 Epigyne of Araeoncus rhodes sp. n., ® paratype from Petaloudes, Greece (20), and of Archaraeoncus hebraeus Sp. n., ® paratype from Ginosar, Israel (21). long (0.42+0.15+0.35+0.30+0.25), IV 1.57 long (0.45+0.15+0.40+0.32+0.25). Chaetotaxy: 2.2.1.1, but can be misunderstood as 1.1.1.1, because spines, especially distal ones, scarcely visible. Length of spines on Ti I-II about 0.25-0.30 diameter of segment, on TiIV about 0.5 diameter. TmI 0.42. Metatarsus IV without trichobothrium. Palp (Figs 15-19): Palpal tibia sickle-shaped, with a curved pointed outgrowth on dorsal side. Distal suprategular apophysis relatively short, rounded distally. Embolic division with a long, narrow, spear-shaped anterior radical process, embolus short. Abdomen 0.77 long, 0.55 wide, grey. Female. Total length 1.34. Carapace 0.65 long, 0.47 wide. Chelicerae 0.20 long. Leg I 1.49 long (0.42+0.17+0.35+0.30+0.25), IV 1.60 long (0.47+0.17+0.40+ 0.31+0.25). Chaetotaxy: 2.2.1.1, proximal spines about as long as diameter of segment, distal spines half of it. TmI 0.45. Abdomen 0.70 long, 0.50 wide. Epigyne with a small aperture, receptacles spherical, wide apart as shown in Fig. 21. Body and leg coloration as in male. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species is very similar to À. prospiciens (Thorell, 1875), but differs clearly by the presence of only one distal suprategular apophysis, as well as by the peculiar shape of the palpal tibia. DISTRIBUTION: Known from Israel only. Araeoncus humilis (Blackwall, 1841) MATERIAL: 1 d , Turkey, Gmlihems in, Rize Village, sifting litter, 27.VIL.1973, leg. S. Vit [8]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: European-Ancient Mediterranean. Asthenargus paganus (Simon, 1884) MATERIAL: 1 4,6 © , Italy, Aosta Valley, Velde, Gressoney, Fontainemore, 1500 m a.s.l., litter under A/nus viridis, X.1980, leg. A. Focarile [10]. RANGE: European. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 57 Canariphantes homonymus (Denis, 1934) Figs 22-26 MATERIAL: 1 G , Greece, Euboea, Prokopion, 6.VIIL.1979, leg. B. Hauser. REMARKS: This species was hitherto known from the West Mediterranean: Portugal, France Morocco and Algeria (Bosmans & Bouragba, 1992); it is here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. RANGE: Mediterranean. Caviphantes pseudosaxetorum Wunderlich, 1979 MATERIAL: 1 $ , Lebanon, Jeila, Nahr El Kalb, sifting dry leaf litter under Platanus & Quercus, 26.11.1975, leg. C. Besuchet [3]. COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED: SMF 29677, Caviphantes pseudosaxetorum, 1 ® paratype. REMARKS: This species was described from Nepal, 2100-2900 m ass. (Wunderlich, 1979), but has a wide geographical range: besides Nepal and Lebanon, it also has been found in northern Pakistan and southern India (Tanasevitch, in pre- paration). This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Lebanese fauna. Centromerus arcanus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1873) MATERIAL: 1 9, Italy, Sestriere, 28.VIIT.1967, leg. A. Comellini. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Centromerus brevivulvatus Dahl, 1912 MATERIAL: 4 4 ,3 9 , Italy, Aosta Valley, Velde, Gressoney, Fontainemore, 1500 m a.s.., litter under A/nus viridis, X.1980, leg. A. Focarile [10]. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Centromerus pabulator (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) MATERIAL: 1 9, Italy, Toggia Valley, 24.X.1967, leg. A. Comellini. Centromerus semiater (L. Koch, 1879) MATERIAL: 1 9 , Italy, Mt Faloria, Cortina d’Ampezzo, 24.VI.1967, leg. A. Comellini. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Centromerus serratus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) MATERIAL: 1 G ,4 ® , Italy, Aosta Valley, Porossan, near Aosta, 700 m a.s.l., litter under Quercus pubescens, 13.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile [9]. RANGE: Mediterranean. Ceratinella brevipes (Westring, 1851) MATERIAL: 1 G ,1 © Italy, Mt Mucrone, 27.V.1967, leg. A. Comellini. RANGE: Palaearctic. Ceratinella brevis (Wider, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 © , Turkey, Kastamonu, Ilgazdag, route Kastamonu - G@nkiri, Diphan, 1300 m a.s.l., 17.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [20]. — 1 % , environs of Bolu, Omerler, 800 m a.s.1., Fagus & Picea forest, sifting litter, 21.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [32d]. — 1 ®, 58 A. V. TANASEVITCH DEA 4 ( 22-25 FIiGs 22-26 Canariphantes homonymus (Denis, 1934), 4 from Prokopion, Greece. (22) Right palp, retro - lateral view. (23, 24) Paracymbium, different aspects. (25) Embolic division. (26) Lamella characteristica. 9 km N of Mengen, route Mengen - Devrek, 750 m a.s.., Fagus & Picea forest with Rhododendron, sifting litter, 23.V.1979, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [34]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Palaearctic. Cinetata gradata (Simon, 1881) MATERIAL: 3 4,5 2:1 4,5 © (ZMMU), Italy, S-Tirol, Schnalstal, Mt Katarine, road to Vernatsch, 1350 m a.s.l., timberline, shaking Juniperus sabina, 24.X.1989, leg. S. Hauser [BZ- 89/3]. - 5 ©, same locality, shaking Larix, 24.X.1989, leg. S. Hauser [BZ-89/5]. — 1 4,6 ©, same locality, leg. S. Hauser [BZ-89/5]. RANGE: Mediterranean. Cresmatoneta mutinensis (Canestrini, 1868) MATERIAL: 1 d, Cyprus, Polis, bank of river, sifting litter under Tamarix & Scirpus, 21.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [32]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Cyprian fauna. RANGE: Mediterranean. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 59 Crosbyarachne silvestris (Georgescu, 1973) comb. n. MATERIAL: 7 6,14 9:2 6,2 $ (ZMMU), Italy, Tuscany, Mt Argentario, Maremma, 280-400 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Quercus ilex & Q. suber, 13.-14.I1.1980, leg. A. Focarile. COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED: 5 G, 1 ®, Romania, Seica Nare, pitfall, IV.1980, from collection of I. Weiss. REMARKS: According to the palp and epigyne conformation Tapinocyba sil- vestris Georgescu, 1973 clearly belongs to the genus Crosbyarachne Charitonov, 1937 and is similar to its single representative, C. bukovskyi Charitonov, 1937, known from the Crimea and Turkey (Gnelitsa, 2009). À comparison between the Italian and Romanian specimens of C. silvestris comb. n. has shown their identity, whereas similar specimens from Greece show small but stable differences (see below). This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Italian fauna. RANGE: Mediterranean. Crosbyarachne aff. silvestris (Georgescu, 1973) MATERIAL: 1 © , Greece, Thessalie, SW of Mouresi, 750 m a.s.1., road in forest, rocks, in moss, 11.1V.2004, leg. S. Vit [12]. — 1 © , same locality, 11.1V.2004, leg. S. Vit [12]. - 1 &,W of Makrirachi, 500 m a.s.1., fruit garden, litter under Castanea, 9.IV.2004, leg. S. Vit [4].—1 à, 4 ® ,N of Neochorio, 450 m a.s.]., in rotten Pinus stub, 2.1V.2004, leg. S. Vit [14].—1 9 , Epirus, E of Neraïda, between Igoumenitsa and Loannina, in rotten Laurus stub, 25.111.1978, leg. S. Vit [3].-— 1 , Euboea, Mt Dirfis, route Nea Artaki - Stropones, above Stropones, 650 m a.s.1., lit- ter under Abies cephalonica, 30.1V.1987, leg. B. Hauser [Ir-87/26]. — 1 ® , route Nea Artaki - Mantoudion, 600 m a.s.l., litter under Pinus & Quercus, 1.V.1987, leg. B. Hauser [Ir-87/33]. REMARKS: The male palp of C. aff. silvestris from Greece is very similar to that of specimens from the Italian and Romanian populations of C. silvestris, but have a shightly longer embolus; females also somewhat differ by vulva arrangement. Noteworthy, a male from Euboea has the embolus of intermediate size, which is a bit shorter than in males from Thessalie or Epirus, but still longer than in the Italian and Romanian populations. Thus, the systematic position of C. aff. silvestris from Greece is problematic. Dactylopisthes digiticeps (Simon, 1881) MATERIAL: 1 , Turkey, Istanbul, between Yalova and Orhangazi, Quercus forest, sifting litter, 11.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [1]. — 1 ®, Israel, Galilee, Ginosar, on bank of stream, 20.-21.V.1973, leg. I. Lôbl [Is-73/1]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish and Israeli faunas. RANGE: Eastern-Ancient Mediterranean. Diplocentria bidentata (Emerton, 1882) MATERIAL: 1 9 , Italy, Cervinia, 23.V.1967, leg. A. Comellini. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Italian fauna. RANGE: Holarctic. Diplocephalus caucasicus Tanasevitch, 1987 MATERIAL: 1 à , Turkey, between Hopa and Kemalpasa, 11 km from Hopa, sifting litter under ferns and blackberry, 10.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [12a]. 60 A. V. TANASEVITCH REMARKS: This species was hitherto known from the Caucasus only (Tanasevitch, 1987, 1990). D. caucasicus 1s here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Anatolian-Caucasian. Diplocephalus picinus (Blackwall, 1841) MATERIAL: 1 d , Turkey, 10 km from Zonguldak, route Zonguldak - Caycuma, 500 m a.s.]., Fagus forest with Rhododendron, sifting litter, 23.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [35]. — 1 4, Sinop, above Bektas, 23 km N of Boyabat, route Boyabat - Sinop, 1100 m a.s.., Fagus forest, sifting litter, 20.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lbl [31]. REMARKS!: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Diplocephalus protuberans (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) MATERIAL: 4 G ,5 9%, Italy, Sestriere, 28.VIIL.1967, leg. A. Comellini. RANGE: Mediterranean. Entelecara acuminata (Wider, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 4 , Turkey, Kars, 16 km SW of Güle, 1600 m a.s.1., Quercus forest, sifting litter and moss, 16.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [24d]. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Erigone cristatopalpus Simon, 1884 Figs 27-42, 48-52 Erigone simillima Keyserling, 1886 syn. n. E. zographica Crosby & Bishop, 1928 syn. n. E. viabilis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 syn. n. MATERIAL: 1 G, 1 9, Italy, Falzarego, Cortina d’Ampezzo, 25.VI.1967, leg. A. Comellini. —- 19 4,16 9;,4 4,4 $ (ZMMU), Toggia Valley, 24.X.1967, leg. A. Comellini. — 1 4,2 ©, Bergamo, Foppolo, 2000 m a.s.., 24.V1.1977, leg. A. Comellini. TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED: E. cristatopalpus Simon, 1884, MNHNP AR 12737. A vial labeled as “#4927 E. cristatopalpus E. Simon, Alps”, contains syntypes: eight conspecific males and four females of E. cristatopalpus, as well as a male of E. tenuimana Simon, 1884. Simon (1884) did not designate a holotype and provided the description with two figures of the male palpal tibia. À male of E. cristatopalpus, the palpal tibia of which corresponds best to the ori- ginal figures, I here designate as the lectotype; the other seven males and four females are para- lectotypes. The male of E. tenuimana is excluded from the type series. E. tenuimana Simon 1884, MNHNP 4926. The type series of E. tenuimana (tube ES #5226) is either lost or mixed with the type series of E. leptocarpus (tube ES #4926) (Christophe Hervé, pers. com.). A vial labeled as “#4926, E. tenuimanus E. S. (= leptocarpus), Alps”, contains eight conspecific males of E. tenuimana and a female of E. cristatopalpus, which has already been separated by A. Hänggi (Muster & Hänggi, 2009: 990). I designate one of these males as the lectotype, the other seven males are paralectotypes. E. simillima Keyserling, 1886, USNM 1653. A vial labeled as “TYPE”, A-139, Erigone simillima Keyserling (additional labels inside the vial: Coll. Marx #226; USNM #20533/4; #226/3) contains four males. One male is E. atra Blackwall, 1833; the three others are conspe- cific despite their different size. The biggest male is 3.68 mm long, and it corresponds to the specimen mentioned in the original description (3.6 mm); this male I here designate as the LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 61 DA=-— 32-34 30 31 27-31 Fics 27-34 Erigone cristatopalpus Simon, 1884, palp details. (27-31) Right patella and palpal tibia, retro- lateral view. (32) Embolic division. (33) Mesal and posterior tooth of embolic division. (34) Distal suprategular apophysis. (27, 32-34) Specimen from Foppolo, Italy. (29, 30) Specimens from Toggia, Italy. (28, 31) Specimens from Lake Tignes, France. lectotype. Two other males, paralectotypes, are rather smaller and approximately 2.8-2.9 mm long. The male of E. atra is excluded from the type series. Note: the embolus proper in the embolic division of the right palp of the lectotype is broken off. E. viabilis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933, AMNH without registration number. A vial labeled as “G holotype, © allotype” contains a male and a female, with one palp and the epigyne separated. Note: the dorsal apophysis (sensu Muster & Hänggi, 2009) on the right palpal tibia 1s broken off or underdeveloped/reduced. E. zographica Crosby & Bishop, 1928, AMNH without registration number. A vial labeled as “TYPE”, contains a male with two palps separated, right one lacks of the embolic division. 62 A. V. TANASEVITCH COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED: E. cristatopalpus, 2 &,5 %, France, Savoie, Lake Tignes, 2100 m a.s.l., 9.VIIL.1965, leg. A. Comellini. — 1 4,1 9 , same locality and date, leg. A. Comellini. —-2 4,1 ©, Haute-Savoie, Tête de Jaillet (= Col du Jaillet), southern part of Aravis Mts, summit of Le Petit Croissebaulet with herbs, 2009 m a.s.1., 6.X.1951, leg. A. Comellini [4]. —3 9, Austria, Northern Tyrol, St Anton am Arlberg, Mt Galzig, 2150 m, 7.VIIL.1967, leg. A. Comellini. E. viabilis, 4 8,4 ? (BMNHC), Russia, Magadan Area, environs of Talon, Taui River (59.7619°N, 148.6561°E), ca 20 m a.s.l., summer 1988, leg. A. Ryabukhin. E. zographica, BMS: 1 4,3 9%, U.S.A., State of Washington, Elwha River Mouth, Warrior Trail end (48.1475°N, 123.5591°W), swept along estuary shoreline, 19.VI.2008, leg. R. Crawford.-—1 4,2 © , Deemer Creek (48.931°N, 117.089°W), 1400 m a.s.l.,ex soggy moss beds at stream edge, 11.-13.VI.1986, leg. R. Crawford. — 14 &, 7 $, Samish River (48.554°N, 122.452°W), swept in tidal sedge/grass, 23.VI.1990, leg. R. Crawford. — 1 4,8 %, Waterside Trail (47.646°N, 122.295°W), ex moss in Salix and Typha thickets, 14.11.1982, leg. R. Nelson. — Several & & ©, Russia, Kurile Islands, Paramushir Island, SW shore, Taina River (50.3667°N, 155.6000°E), leg. Y. Marusik. — PCB: 1 G, Canada, Alberta, Caribou Mountains Wildland, Wentzel Lake (utm N0645415, E6550961), horsetail meadow, sweeping, 16.VIL.2003, leg. T. Johnson. — 1 4,2 ©, Willmore Wilderness Park, Casket Creek (N5965296, E307675), willow meadow, in grass, 12.-20.VII.2007, leg. G. Hilchie, D. Macaulay. — 1 %®, Swift Creek (N5979060, E328687), 2012 m a.s.1, 13.-20.VIL.2007, leg. G. Hilchie, D. Macaulay. — 1 4,2%, unnamed valley (N5958369, E32991), talus, meadow, creek, 1649 m a.s.l., 12.-20.VII.2007, leg. G. Hilchie, D. Macaulay. — 2 G, 1 ©, Fetherstonhaugh Creek (N5957323, E312011), talus, meadow, creek, 1949 m a.s.., 22.-28.VI.2007, les. T. Johnson, G. Hilchie. — 1 ©, Kakwa Wildland Province Park, Deadhorse Meadows (54.138950°N, 119.926717°W), 15.-20.VI.2006, leg. T. Johnson. — 1 © , same locality, 28.VI.-15.VIL.2006, leg. T. Johnson. — 1 4 , same locality, 26.VI.-17.VII.2006, leg. T. Johnson. — 1 4 , Berg Lake (53.9480°N, 119.9152°W), 1986 m ass... 25.VII.2006, leg. T. Johnson. — 1 © , Sulphur Ridge (N6004152, E318269), 17.-22.VI.2006, leg. T. Johnson, D. Vujnovic. — 1 4 , same locality, 17.-22.VTI.2006, leg. T. Johnson, D. Vujnovic.— 1 &, Saskatchewan, Cypress Hills, Central Block, forest pond, ex Rana pipiens, 4.VI.1969, leg. D. Reid. E. simillima, ZMMU: 1 4 ,4 % , Russia, Magadan Area, upper reaches of Kolyma River, near Sibit-Tyellakh, J. London Lake, 25.VIIT.1984, leg. K. Eskov, Y. Marusik.— 20 & & © , near Sibit-Tyellakh, alpine belt, 1100 m a.s., 15.VIIL.1985, leg. Y. Marusik. — 1 &, Commander Islands, Mednyi Island, VIL.-VIIL.1978, leg. S. Popov.— 1 4,13 © , Mednyi Island, Glinka Gulf, grass tundra, 31.VI.-1.VIIL.1983, leg. A. Zilenko. — 1 4,1 9, Cisokhotia, Okhotsk District, Ul' ya River, mouth of Amka River, 6.VIIL.1988, leg. V. Zherikhin, I. Sukachova. — 1 G , near Okhotsk, airport, quagmire near bank of river, 15.VIL.1987, leg. V. Zherikhin, I. Sukachiova. Further new material from South Siberia concerning Æ. cristatopalpus will be presented and discussed elsewhere (Tanasevitch, in preparation). MISIDENTIFICATIONS: E. tenuimana (mislabeled as E. cristatopalpus), 2 & , 1 % , Austria, Carinthia, route to Mt Grossglockner, ascent to Franz Josef”s Height, 2260-2300 m a.s.1., 1978- 1980, leg. K. Thaler; an additional label in a vial: A: Glockner, 1750-2200 m a.s.. — 17 4,2 ?, same locality, 1900-2580 m a.s.1., 1978-1980, leg. K. Thaler; an additional label in a vial: A: Glockner, 1750-2200 m a.s.1.-2 & ,2 ® , same locality, 1900-2580 m a.s.1., 1979, leg. K.. Thaler. — 1 4, same locality, 1900-2580 m a.s.1., 1979, les. K. Thaler. E. whymperi O. P.-Cambridge, 1877 (labeled as E. zographica”?, tirolensis?), 1 à, Mongolia, locality data illegible, June 1988, leg. S. Heimer. In spite of the fact that the exact locality is unknown, it is possible to tell confidently that this species was found in high moun- tains of Mongolia. The arcto-alpine E. whymperi was hitherto known in Eurasia only from beyond the Arctic Circle: from Vorkuta, Russia (Tanasevitch & Koponen, 2007), and from Yamal Peninsula, Russia (Tanasevitch er al., 2009). This species is here reported for the first time for the Mongolian fauna. REMARKS: E. cristatopalpus belongs to the psychrophila-group (sensu Crosby & Bishop, 1928), containing at least a dozen of very similar species, which 1s charac - terized by a high level of infraspecific variability of somatic and genitalic structures LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 63 EP 42 Fics 35-47 Apex of embolic division of Erigone cristatopalpus Simon, 1884 (35-38), of E. zographica Crosby & Bishop, 1928, holotype (AMNH)) (39-41), different aspects, of E. viabilis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933, holotype (AMNH) (42), of E. remota L.Koch, 1869 (43), of E. whymperi O. P.- Cambridge, 1877 (44), of E. psychrophila Thorell, 1872 (45), and of E. tirolensis L. Koch, 1872 (46, 47). (35, 36) Specimen from Foppolo, Italy, different aspects. (37) Specimen from Lake Tignes, France. (38) Specimen from Toggia, Italy. (43) Specimen from Polar Urals, Russia (CAT). (44) Specimen from Qoogqut, Greenland (ZMMU). (45) Specimen from Severny1 Island of Novaya Zemlya, Russia (ZMMU). (46, 47) Specimens from West Chukotka, Chaun River mouth (ZMMU). that caused numerous synonyms in the group. Strong variability was found in body size, teeth arrangement on the carapace, chelicerae and palpal femur; length of the palpal tibia; size of the dorsal apophysis (sensu Muster & Hänggi, 2009) and presence/absence/size of a tubercle on the ventral lobe (= ventral apophysis auct.) of the palpal tibia; as well as shape of the dorsal plate (= central capsule, median plate auct.) and direction of the receptacula, see, e.g., Tanasevitch & Koponen (2007), Muster & Hängg1 (2009). In contrast, shape of the embolus (see Figs 35-47), as well as of mesal and posterior tooth (sensu Crosby & Bishop, 1928) in the embolic division are more or less stable, show little variability and might be a good character for reliable distinction from similar species. The similarity and high level of variability in epigynes makes identification of females in the psychrophila-group very problematic. A spec- trum of the variations mentioned above is represented for E. cristatopalpus: compare 64 A. V. TANASEVITCH Figs 27-31, 35-42, 48-52. Many more examples from the Siberian material will be shown and discussed elsewhere (Tanasevitch, in preparation). The detailed comparison of the type with extensive comparative material of E. cristatopalpus, E. viabilis, E. zographica from different part of Eurasia and the Nearctic has shown that all these un- doubted belong to a single widespread species, E. cristatopalpus. Despite variation in palpal and body characters, the conformation of the embolic division is quite uniform throughout the whole range of the species. The small differences in shape of the embolus or mesal tooth are often a result of observation in different orientation. The structure of the epigyne is also uniform in general, but can be easily confused with that of E. psychrophila Thorell, 1872 and E. whymperi. Erigone cristatopalpus is most similar to the Arctic E. whymperi and differs by the presence of a deep and wide notch in the embolic division (arrow in Figs 32, 33 cf. figs 9-14 in Tanasevitch & Koponen, 2007). DISTRIBUTION: Europe (region of Alps), mountains of South Siberia, East Siberia, Russian Far East, the Nearctic. RANGE: Holarctic. Erigone dentipalpis (Wider, 1834) MATERIAL: 19, Cyprus, Moniatis, 700 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Laurus, Alnus & blackberry, 13.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [17]. — 1 4,6 9, Israel, Maize, Newe Yaar, summer 1986, leg. S. Heimer. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Cypriot and Israeli faunas. RANGE: Holarctic. Erigone remota L. Koch, 1869 MATERIAL: 1 8,1 $; 1 & (ZMMU), Italy, Aosta Valley, near Rutor Glacier, 2650 m a.s.]., under stones, VIIL.1980, A. Focarile [5]. RANGE: Palaearctic arcto-alpine. Frontinellina frutetorum (C. L. Koch, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 © , Greece, Crete, Lasithi, near route Lasithi - Iraklion, above bifurcation to Krasi, 570 m a.s.l., 7.V.1985, les. C. Lienhard [Nax-85/141]. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 à , Italy, Sardinia, Simaxis, 20.IX.1969, leg. A. Senglet. — 1 9, Sicily, Palermo, Cefalu, 8.-9.VI.1974, collector unknown. — 1 ®, Cyprus, Nicosia, irrigation canal, 10.VIL.1977.les.S. Mit. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Cypriot fauna. RANGE: Palaearctic. Gonatium nemorivagum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) Gonatium hilare (Thorell, 1875) sensu Eskov, 1992: 55, misidentification, examined. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 65 1 et LS 51 FiGs 48-52 Erigone cristatopalpus Simon, 1884, epigyne, dorsal view. (48, 49) Specimens from Toggia, Italy. (50, 51) Specimens from Lake Tignes, France. (52) Specimen from Foppolo, Italy. MATERIAL: 1 ©, Greece, Samos, SW of Karlovasi, near cloister “Kimisos Theodoki”, Kosmadei, 600-650 m a.s.., Pinus forest, 24.XT.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS-91/53]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. DISTRIBUTION: In view of the fact that the species is very similar to G. hilare (Thorell, 1875) and specimens probably have been repeatedly misidentified, its distri- bution is unclear now (see Millidge, 1981). 66 A. V. TANASEVITCH NOTE: À record of G. hilare from Sakhalin Island, Russia actually refers to G. nipponicum Millidge, 1981 , earlier known from Japan only (Millidge, 1981). Thus, the known distribution of G. hilare 1s restricted to Europe. MATERIAL EXAMINED: 1 & (ZMMU, mislabeled as G. hilare), Russia, Sakhalin, Korsakov District, Lesnoye, 24.1X.1987, leg. A. Basarukin. — 1 & subad. (ZMMU, mislabeled as G. hilare), Makarov District, Tsapko, 2.VIIL.1987, leg. A. Basarukin. Gongylidiellum murcidum Simon, 1884 MATERIAL: 1 © , Greece, Rhodes, Profitis Ilias, 650 m a.s.1., sifting litter from karst de- pression, 11.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [7b].-—2 ® , Samos, 3 km W of Pirgos, 400 m a.s.]., sift- ing litter under Platanus, 14.V.1985, leg. C. Besuchet [4b]. — Cyprus, ca 60 4 & 9, Ayios Dhimitrios, 600 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Quercus in ravine, 9.VII.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [2a]. — 2 4 ,ca 60 ©, same locality, 700 m a.s.l., sifting litter, 9.VIT.1977, leg. S.Vit [c/15]. — 1 à, 3 © , above Ayios Dhimitrios, sifting litter under Platanus, Alnus & Quercus, 11.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [12b].-2 4,10 © , route Phini - Ayios Dhimitrios, 4 km from Phini, sifting litter under Platanus, Alnus & Quercus, 13.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [16b].— 19 © , Cedar Valley, 1200 m a.s.l., sifting litter, 24.VIL.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [42]. -2 G ,1 % , Maa (Coral Bay), on beach, under stones, 19.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [27b].-— ca 60 © ,6 km NE of Larnaca (Hotel Lordos Beach), on beach, under stones, 6.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [2]. — 13 % ,3 kmS of Prodhromos, 1500 m a.s.l., bank of brook, under stones, 10.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [11a]. — 3 ©, Pano Platres, 1200 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Platanus & Pinus, 14.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [19]. — 47 ® , Nicosia, Alonoudhi Junction, 600 m a.s.1., sifting litter under Platanus, 15.VI1.1977, leg. S. Vit [c/27].-2 ©, Turkey, Artvin, between Borçka and Artvin, bank of Coruh River, 200 m a.s.l., under stones, sifting litter under Tamarix, 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [9].-—4 © ,8 km W of Borçka, 350 m a.s.l., deciduous forest, sifting litter, 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [8].-—4 4,7 © , Lebanon, Hasroun near Bsharri, 1500 m a.s.l., sifting dry leaf litter, 3.1V.1975, leg. C. Besuchet [14b].-— 1 ® , near Bsharri, 1950-2000 m a.s.l., sifting dry leaf litter under Cedrus & Salix, 2.1V.1975, leg. C. Besuchet [13b]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Greek and Cypriot faunas. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Gongylidiellum vivum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) MATERIAL: 1 ® , Turkey, Artvin, between Hopa and Kemalpasa, 11 km from Hopa, sifting litter under ferns and blackberry, 10.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [12a]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: European. Gongylidiellum orduense Wunderlich, 1995 | Figs 53-58 MATERIAL: 1 4,1 © , Turkey, Kastamonu, 5 km S of Küre, 1200 m a.s.., Fagus & Picea forest, sifting litter, 18.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [24].—1 % , between Inebolu and Sure, 10 km from Küre, 700 m a.sl., Fagus & Picea forest with Rhododendron, sifting litter, 18.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [22].-3 8 (ZMMU), Sinop, near Lala, Quercus & Fagus forest, sifting litter, 20.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [28]. —-2 © , above Bektas, 23 km N of Boyabat, route Boyabat - Sinop, 1100 m a.s.l., Fagus forest, sifting litter, 20.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [31]. —- 1 &, 4 $, Zonguldak, 17 km N of Safranbolu, route Bartin - Safranbolu, 1000 m a.s.., Fagus forest with Picea & Pinus, sifting litter, 16.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [18]. — 1 $, 10 km from Zonguldak, route Zonguldak - Çaycuma, 500 m a.s.]., Fagus forest with Rhododendron, sifting litter, 23.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lbl [35]. — 1 ® ,Artvin, 8 km W of Borçka, 350 m a.s.l., deciduous forest, sifting litter, 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [8]. — 1 ©, SW of Artvin, 1900 m a.s.l., pasture in Fagus & LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 67 Picea forest, under stones, 9.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [10a]. - 2 9, above Artvin, 1500 m a.s.1., Fagus & Picea forest With Rhododendron, sifting litter, 9.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [11b].-— 1 ® , between Hopa and Kemalpasa, 11 km from Hopa, sifting litter under ferns and blackberry, 10.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [12a|]. REMARKS: This species has been described from Anatolia, Turkey, from a single male. A description of the female is given below for the first time. DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE: Total length 1.98. Carapace unmodified, 0.82 long, 0.57 wide, pale brown. Chelicerae 0.35 long, frontal tooth absent. Legs pale brown. Leg I 1.92 long (0.55+0.22+0.45+0.38+0.32), IV 1.93 long (0.55+0.20+0.50+0.38+ 0.30). Chaetotaxy: 2.2.1.1, spines about as long as diameter of tibia or a bit longer. Tml 0.38. Metatarsus IV without trichobothrium. Abdomen 1.27 long, 0.82 wide, pale grey. Epigyne with highly pigmented and well protruded drop-shaped ventral plate as in Fig. 58. Receptacles small, spherical. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF MALE: Total length 1.50. Carapace unmodified, 0.70 long, 0.55 wide. Chelicerae 0.30 long, frontal tooth position as in Fig. 53. Leg I 1.92 long (0.55+0.20+0.48+0.38+0.31), IV 1.87 long (0.53+0.20+0.48+0.38+0.28). Tml 0.37. Palp as in Figs 54-57. Abdomen 0.78 long, 0.50 wide. Body and leg coloration, as well as chaetotaxy, as in female. DISTRIBUTION: This species 1s still known from northern Turkey only. RANGE: Anatolian. Icariella hauseri Brignoli, 1979 MATERIAL: 1 © , Greece, Ikaria, above Aghios Kirikos, Metallio, in old mine, 30 m a.s., 23.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/46]. —- 8 , same locality, 23.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS- 91/45]. DISTRIBUTION: This species 1s still known from the Greek island of Ikaria only. Improphantes cypriot sp. n. Figs 59-64 HOLOTYPE: d , Cyprus, Larnaca, N of airport, sifting litter along a canal, 5.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [1]. PARATYPE: 1 G , Cyprus, SW of Kumayli, alluvial deposits, 9.1V.1998, leg. S. Vit [98-4a]. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, a noun, refers to an inhabitant of Cyprus. DIAGNOSIS: The species is characterised by the circular saw-shaped lamella characteristica. DESCRIPTION: Male paratype. Total length 1.63. Carapace unmodified, 0.73 long, 0.63 wide, greyish yellow. Chelicerae 0.28 long. Legs yellow, leg I 3.15 long (0.78+0.23+0.83+0.78+0.53), IV 3.19 (0.88+0.20+0.83+0.78+0.50). Chaetotaxy: Fel- IV: 0-0-0-0; Til: 2-1-1-0; I: 2-0-1-0, HI-IV: 2-0-0-0; MtI-IIE: 1-0-0-0, IV: 0-0-0-0. TmlI 0.18. Palp (Figs 59-64): Cymbium without posterodorsal outgrowth. Paracymbium with a strong tooth in middle part. Lamella characteristica short, distally circular saw- shaped. Radix with a spear-shaped outgrowth near base of lamella characteristica. Embolus with a poorly expressed thumb and small but distinct carina. Abdomen 0.93 long, 0.50 wide, grey. 68 A. V. TANASEVITCH Fics 53-58 Gongylidiellum orduense Wunderlich, 1995, & and % from Küre, Turkey. (53) Male chelicera, frontal view. (54, 55) Right palp, retrolateral and prolateral view, respectively. (56) Palpal tibia and paracymbium, lateral view. (57) Palpal tibia, dorsal view. (58) Epigyne, ventral view. VARIABILITY: The number of teeth and their arrangement in distal part of the lamella characteristica differs in different specimens and even on the left and right palp of the same animal. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species is most similar to /. furok Sp. n., see below. DISTRIBUTION: Known from Cyprus only. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 69 FiGs 59-64 Improphantes cypriot sp. n., & paratype from Kumayli, Cyprus. (59) Right palp, retrolateral view. (60) Paracymbium, lateral view. (61) Embolic division. (62) Embolus. (63, 64) Lamella characteristica, different aspects. Improphantes turok sp. n. Figs 65-69 HOLOTYPE: à , Turkey, Antalya, Chaine Ak Daglari, E of Fethiye, 900 m a.s.l., sifting litter, 11.1V.1993, leg. S. Vit [4]. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name “turok”, a noun, is latinization of the Russian word for “Turk”. DIAGNOSIS: The species 1s characterised by small size, as well as by the peculiar shape of the lamella characteristica and the paracymbium. DESCRIPTION: Male. Total length approximately 1.30. Carapace unmodified, 0.60 long, 0.50 wide, yellow, with a narrow dark margin. Chelicerae 0.22 long. Legs 70 A. V. TANASEVITCH FiGs 65-69 Improphantes turok sp. n., & holotype. (65) Right palp, retrolateral view. (66) Paracymbium, lat- eral view. (67) Embolic division. (68) Lamella characteristica. (69) Apex of lamella characteris- tica (not to scale). mostly broken off. Leg IV 2.66 long (0.70+0.17+0.67+0.67+0.45). Chaetotaxy un- known. Palp (Figs 65-69): Cymbium without posterodorsal outgrowth. Paracymbium U-shaped, posterior and anterior pockets each with a weakly sclerotized tooth. Radix with a spear-shaped outgrowth at base of lamella characteristica. Lamella characteris- ca like a shightly curved band slantwise cut at end. Embolus with a narrow carina and poorly expressed membraneous thumb. Fickert’s gland relatively large, spherical. Abdomen crumpled, dark grey. Female unknown. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: This species 1s similar to Z. cypriot Sp. n., but well dis- tinguishable by the peculiar shape of the lamella characteristica and the paracymbium. I. cypriot Sp. n. and /. turok Sp. n. differ from all (?) other known congeners by the presence of a spear-shaped outgrowth on the radix. The same kind of the radical apo - physis is present in the representatives of the Central Asian genus 7chatkalophantes Tanasevitch, 2001. DISTRIBUTION: The species is known from the type locality only. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 11 Jacksonella bidens Sp. n. Figs 70-76 HOLOTYPE: d, Cyprus, 3 km S of Prodhromos, 1500 m a.s.., sifting litter under Platanus, 10.IV.1981, leg. C. Besuchet (11b). PARATYPES: 1 G, 1 ®, Cyprus, above Ayia, 950 m a.s.., sifting litter under Pinus, 12.VII.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [11a].-— 1 ©, Paphos District, Mamonia, bank of Dhiarisos, sifting litter under Tamarix, 14.VI1.1977, leg. S. Vit [c/26].— 1 © (epigyne only), Greece, Samos, route Kambos (E of Aghios Konstantinos) - Vourliotes, above cloister “Mont Vronda”, in soil under Pinus sp., 520 m a.s.I., 26.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/63]. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, a noun, refers to the armament of its cheli- Ccerae. DrAGNoOsis: The species is characterised by the shape of the embolic division and by a very long median membrane. DESCRIPTION: Male paratype. Total length 1.51 (holotype 1.68). Carapace un- modified, 0.75 long, 0.58 wide, brownish yellow. Chelicerae 0.38 long, with a tooth- like process as in Fig. 70. Maxillae each with a stout tooth anteriorly. Legs yellow. Leg 1 2.19 long (0.63+0.18+0.55+0.48+0.35), IV 2.10 long (0.60+0.18+0.57+0.45+0.30). Chaetotaxy: 2.2.1.1, length of spines about one or two diameters of segment. TmI 0.35. Metatarsus IV without trichobothrium. Palp (Figs 71-74): Tibia unmodified. Protegulum membraneous, almost transparent. Distal suprategular apophysis sharpened distally. Median membrane like a long, narrow, almost transparent band, scarcely visible. Embolic division complex, with a large pointed anterior radical process and several small outgrowths. Embolus proper short and hook-shaped. Abdomen 0.75 long, 0.50 wide, pale grey. Female. Total length 1.55. Carapace 0.75 long, 0.50 wide. Chelicerae 0.28 long, unmodified. Maxillae without a stout tooth. Leg I 1.99 long (0.60+0.20+0.53+0.43+ 0.23), IV 2.11 long (0.63+0.18+0.55+0.45+0.30). TmI 0.35. Abdomen 0.82 long, 0.50 wide. Epigyne and vulva as in Figs 75 & 76. Body and leg coloration, as well as chaetotaxy, as in male. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species differs clearly from the single known congener, J. falconeri (Jackson, 1908), by the presence of a stout tooth on the maxillae, by a well-developed distal suprategular apophysis, by a bigger and more complex embolic division, as well as by the shape of the epigyne. DISTRIBUTION: Known from the islands of Cyprus and Samos only. Lepthyphantes leprosus (Ohlert, 1867) MATERIAL: 1 © , Greece, Ikaria, route Aghios Kirykos - Oxea, near Oxea, under stones, 500 m a.s.l., 22.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/37]. — 1 9, Samos, SW of Karlovasi, near cloister “Kimisos Theodoki”, cave “Kako Perato”, 580 m a.s.l., 24.X1.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS-91/52]. RANGE: Holarctic. Maso sundevalli (Westring, 1851) MATERIAL: 1 © , Turkey, Kars, Ilgardagi Geçidi, between Damai and Posof, 2350 m a.s.l., Betula forest with Sorbus, sifting litter, 13.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [18c].-2 9, Sinop, Lala, Quercus forest with Fagus, sifting litter, 20.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [28]. -3 ?, Sakarya, Serefiye, 20 km S of Adapazari, Quercus forest with Tilia & Acer, sifting litter, 14.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [12]. 72 A. V. TANASEVITCH 75 ne 71-76 ep FiGs 70-76 Jacksonella bidens sp. n., € and 9 paratypes from Ayia, Cyprus. (70) Male chelicera, frontal view. (71) Right palp, retrolateral view. (72) Palpal tibia, dorsal view. (73) Distal suprategular apophysis and median membrane. (74) Embolic division. (75, 76) Epigyne and vulva, respec- tively, ventral view. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Holarctic. Mecynargus paetulus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) MATERIAL: 3 4 ,1 9, Italy, Toggia Valley, 24.X.1967, leg. A. Comellini. RANGE: Holarctic. Megalepthyphantes globularis sp. n. Figs 77-81 HOLOTYPE: © , Turkey, Artvin, Cankurtaran Geçidi, between Borçka and Hopa, 700 m a.s.]., under stones, 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [7a]. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 73 hr ae. VA » 1 0 RTE AN EAU EUR SAT ESVS C à M ù 105 AIRES YA << AC AIT MT V4 CZ LAFT «, FiGs 77-81 Megalepthyphantes globularis sp. n., © holotype. (77) Body, dorsal view. (78-81) Epigyne, ventral, posteroventral, dorsal and lateral view, respectively. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, an adjective, refers to the globular shape of the distal part of the scape. DIAGNOSIS: The species 1s characterised by the peculiar structure of its epigyne. DESCRIPTION: Female. Total length 2.48. Carapace unmodified, 1.08 long, 0.80 wide, pale yellow, with a broad grey margin as in Fig. 77. Chelicerae 0.45 long. Legs yellow, without bands, with darkened end of segments. Leg I 7.35 long 74 À. V. TANASEVITCH (1.95+0.30+1.95+2.00+1.15), IV 5.05 long (1.50+0.25+1.30+1.30+0.70) long. Chaetotaxy: Fel: O-1-0-0, II-IV: 0-0-0-0; Til-IV: 2-1-1-0; MtI-IV: 1-0-0-0. TmI 0.19. Metatarsus IV without trichobothrium. Abdomen 1.43 long, 0.93 wide, abdomen pattern as in Fig. 77. Epigyne (Figs 78-81): Pseudoscape divided into two lobes by a deep notch. Distal part of scape globular, middle part short, proximal part (= proscape), as well as lateral lobes and stretcher totally reduced. Entrance grooves passing through middle part of scape, then entering backwall and running through lateral walls to the receptacles. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The species differs from other congeners by the totally reduced proscape and the presence of a pseudoscape. The epigyne bears some resem- blance to that of the representatives of Lidia Saaristo & Marusik, 2004. In the absence of the corresponding male it is difficult to unambiguously place the species into any genus. DISTRIBUTION: Known from the type locality only. Megalepthyphantes turkeyensis Tanasevitch, Kunt & Seyyar, 2005 Fig. 82 Lepthyphantes congener (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) sensu Kulczynski, 1908: 68, pl. 2, fig. 17; d from Cyprus, misidentification. MATERIAL: 1 G,2 ®, Cyprus, Troodos Mts, Cedar Valley, near camping, 1100 m a.s.., under stones, 18.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/20].-2 G ,1 © , Ikaria, above Aghios, Metallio, stony slope, S exposition, litter and under stones, 50 m a.s.1., 23.X1.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS- 91/48]. REMARKS: Kulczyñski (1908) described and illustrated a male from Cyprus, which he erroneously believed to be the missing male of Lepthyphantes congener (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) [= Frontinellina frutetorum (C. L. Koch, 1834)]. The figure of a male palp of L. congener made by Kulczyñski (1908) (Fig. 83) shows that this specimen clearly belongs to M. turkeyensis, not to F. frutetorum, as mentioned by Bosmans (1994). Compare Fig. 82 and Fig. 83. DISTRIBUTION: Cyprus and Mersin Province, Turkey. Metopobactrus prominulus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) MATERIAL: 1 d, Turkey, Gümüshane, between Erzincan and Kelkit, 30 km from Erzincan, 2100 m a.s.1., under stones, 4.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [1a]. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Holarctic. Micrargus herbigradus (Blackwall, 1854) MATERIAL: 1 4,2 ©, Italy, Tuscany, Mt Argentario, Maremma, 280-400 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Quercus ilex & Q. suber, 13.-14.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile.— 2 © , Piedmont Province, Cuneo, Mt Antorovo, 1700 m a.s.l., litter under A/nus viridis, 16.VI.1982, leg. A. Focarile [13]. — 1 9, Lombardia, Fondra, 25.VI.1966, leg. A. Comellini. — 1 © , Turkey, SW of Artvin, pasture in Fagus & Picea forest, 1900 m a.s.1., under stones, 9.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [10a].— 1 4, Cankurtaran Geçidi, between Borçka and Hopa, deciduous forest with Quercus, Castanea, Acer, Tilia, Alnus, Buxus, sifting litter, 700 m a.sl., 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [7c]. — 1 ©, near Pirnalli, Karkal Dagi Mts, 1250 m as. sifting litter in ravine, 11.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [15b].-2 4,2 ?, LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 75 Fics 82-83 Megalepthyphantes turkeyensis Tanasevitch, Kunt & Seyyar, 2005 (after Tanasevitch et al. 2005) (82) and Lepthyphantes congener (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) (after Kulczynski, 1908) (83). Not to scale. Kastamonu, Ilgazdag, route Kastamonu - Q@nkiri, Diphan, 1300 m a.sl., 17.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [20]. -2 & , Kastamonu, 5 km S of Küre, 1200 m a.s.l., Fagus forest, sifting litter, 18.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [24]. — 1 4,1 ©, 10 km from Zonguldak, route Zonguldak - Caycuma, 500 m a.s.l., Fagus forest with Rhododendron, sifting litter, 16.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. LGbl [16]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Palaearctic. Microctenonyx subitaneus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) Archaraeoncus prospiciens (Thorell, 1875) sensu Tanasevitch, 1987: 337, fig. 73, ? from Kyrgyzstan, misidentification, examined. MATERIAL: 1 G , Italy, Sardinia, Decimomanu, 18.IX.1969, leg. A. Senglet.— 1 © , Malta, without locality, 9.V.1974, leg. V. Mahnert. — 1 © , same locality, 13.V.1974, leg. V. Mahnert. — 1 ©, Hagar Qim, 2.V.1976, leg. P. Strinati & V. Aellen. — 1 ©, Greece, Etolia, Amphilochia, under stones, 29.111.1978, leg. S. Vit [13]. -2 ©, Cyprus, 4 km E of Ksilofagu, sifting litter in ravine, 6.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [3b]. — 4 2; 2 © (ZMMU), Lebanon, environs of Dâmoër, valley of left tributary of Nahr ed Damour River, 6 km from branching, sifting leaf litter on bank of river after flooding, 28.111.1975, leg. C. Besuchet [5].-— 1 ©, Mazraal Nabi Kassem, close to 76 A. V. TANASEVITCH confluent of Nahr el Litani, bank of river, under grass, 29.I11.1975, leg. C. Besuchet [7].-—2 ©, Israel, Galilee, Jordan, near Ohalo (1 km S of Lake Tiberias), 200 m a.s.1., 27.1V.1982, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl. REMARKS: À drawing of the epigyne of Archaraeoncus prospiciens from Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan given by Tanasevitch (1987) actually refers M. subitaneus. This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Cypriot and Jordanian faunas. RANGE: European-Ancient Mediterranean. Microlinyphia pusilla (Sundevall, 1830) MATERIAL: 1 G , Greece, Epirus, between Salaora and Arta, bank of lagoon, 28.111.1978, leg. S. Vit [19]. RANGE: Holarctic. Microneta viaria (Blackwall, 1841) MATERIAL: 2 G ,14 © , Italy, Tuscany, Mt Argentario, Maremma, 280-400 m a.s.1., sifting litter under Quercus ilex & Q. suber, 13.-14.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile. — 1 & , Greece, Thessalie, Tsagarada, 350 m a.s.l., in leaf litter, 10.1V.2004, leg. S. Vit [GR-2004, #8]. — 1 ©, SW Turkey, of Artvin, pasture in Fagus & Picea forest, 1900 m a.s.., under stones, 9.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôübl & D. Burckhardt [10a]. — 1 4,8 km W of Borçka, 350 m a.s.., deciduous forest, sifting litter, 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [8]. — 1 ®©, Gümüshane, between Erzincan and Kelkit, 30 km from Erzincan, 2100 m a.s.l., under stones, 4.VI1.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [1c].— 1 © , Kastamonu, Karadere, 32 km N of Tosya, 1400 m a.s.l., Pinus forest, under stones, 19.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lbl. — 3 ©, Ilgazdag (route Kastamonu - Gnkiri), Diphan, 1300 m a.s.., 17.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [20]. - 1 &,13 km from Agli, 1200 m a.s.l., Quercus forest with Pinus, sifting litter, 18.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [25]. — 1 9%, Sinop, above Bektas, 23 km N of Boyabat, route Boyabat - Sinop, 1100 m a.s.., Fagus forest, sifting litter, 20.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [31].—1 ©, Bolu, Abant, 1500-1600 m a.s.1., Fagus forest, under stones, 22.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [33b].-2 © ,9 km N of Mengen (route Mengen - Devrek), 750 m a.sl., sifting leaf litter in ravine, under Betula, Rhododendron, 23.V. 1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [34]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Italian fauna. RANGE: Holarctic. Oedothorax apicatus (Blackwall, 1850) MATERIAL: 1 G , Greece, Phthiotis, Malesina, 20.VII.1968, leg. A. Senglet [6831].-—2 9, Turkey, Izmir, Çesme, 19.1X.1988, T. Jaccoud [TR23A]. RANGE: European-Ancient Mediterranean. Oedothorax fuscus (Blackwall, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 4,1 %, Italy, Zogno, 25.VI.1966, leg. A. Comellini. RANGE: European. Oedothorax paludigena Simon, 1926 MATERIAL: 2 G, 4 ©, Greece, Epirus, between Salaora and Arta, bank of lagoon, 28.111.1978, leg. S. Vit [19]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. RANGE: East Mediterranean. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 17 Palliduphantes insignis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1913) MATERIAL: 1 G , Greece, Euboea, route Vasilika - Istiea, near Pefki, Pinus sp. grove, 1.V.1987, leg. B. Hauser [Ir-87/36]. — 1 ©, Naupactus, 14.1V.1979, leg. S. Vit. — 1 4,1 ?, Peloponnese, near Patras, under stones, 31.1I1.1978, leg. S. Vit [25]. -— 1 ©, Phthiotis, Malesina, 20.VIL.1968, leg. A. Senglet [6831]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. RANGE: European. Palliduphantes khobarum (Charitonov, 1947) MATERIAL: 1 ©, Turkey, Anatolia, Irmasan Geçidi, Akseki, Cevizli, 100 km S of Beys ehir, 1500 m a.s.., 8.V.1978, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [32]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: East Mediterranean. Palliduphantes longiseta (Simon, 1884) MATERIAL: 2 Ÿ , Italy, Tuscany, Mt Argentario, Maremma, 280-400 m a.s.1., sifting litter under Quercus ilex & Q. suber, 13.-14.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile. — 1 ©, same locality, 400 m a.s.l., sifting litter and under stones under Quercus ilex & Arbutus unedo, 14.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile. REMARKS: This species is known from Italy only. Palliduphantes melitensis Bosmans, 1994 MATERIAL: 1 G , Malta, Gozo Is!., Dwejra Point, under stones, 8.V.1974, leg. V. Mahnert. REMARKS: This species is known from Malta only. Pelecopsis elongata (Wider, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 , Cyprus, SW of Limassol, “Sait Lake”, slope between lake and British Air Base, shaking trees and bushes, 20.X1.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS-91/32].-— 1 © , route Polis - Bath of Aphrodite, 4.5 km from Polis, near Hotel Souli, shaking trees and bushes, 15.X1.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS-91/2]. — 1 4,1 © , near Bath of Aphrodite, 20 m a.s.., shaking trees and bushes on beach, 16.X1.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS-91/6].- 2 © , Bath of Aphrodite, wet ravine, under bark of Eucalyptus sp. 17.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/13].-— 1 G , Polis, Canon above route Prodromi - Androlikon, 300 m a.s.]., under stones, 17.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/17]. — 3 4,2 ©, Dhoros, route Limassol - Troodos, 500 m a.sl., shaking trees and bushes, 20.X1.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS-91/36]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Cypriot fauna. RANGE: European. Pocadicnemis pumila (Blackwall, 1841) MATERIAL: 2 © , Turkey, Artvin, Cankurtaran Geçidi, between Borçka and Hopa, 700 m a.s.l., under stones, 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [7a]. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Holarctic. Prinerigone vagans (Audouin, 1826) MATERIAL: 1 G , Greece, Epirus, between Salaora and Arta, bank of lagoon, 28.1I1.1978, leg. S. Vit [19]. —1 G , Cyprus, Paphos District, Mamonia, bank of Dhiarisos, sifting litter under Tamarix, 14.VI1.1977, leg. S. Vit [c/26]. 78 A. V. TANASEVITCH REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Cypriot fauna. RANGE: Southern Palaearctic, Afrotropical, Oriental, Pacific. Scotargus pilosus Simon, 1913 MATERIAL: 1 d , Italy, Aosta Valley, Velde, Gressoney, Fontainemore, 1500 m a.s.1., lit- ter under A/nus viridis, X.1980, leg. A. Focarile [10]. — 2 4, 10 9, Greece, Samos, SW of Karlovasi, near cloister “Kimisos Theodoki”, cave “Kako Perato”, 580 m a.s.1., 24.X1.1991, leg. C. Lienhard [ZS-91/52]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. RANGE: South Palaearctic. Sintula corniger (Blackwall, 1856) MATERIAL: 1 à , Italy, Tuscany, Mt Argentario, Maremma, 280-400 m a.s.1., sifting litter under Quercus ilex & Q. suber, 13.-14.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile. — 1 ® , Turkey, Artvin, 8 km W of Borçka, deciduous forest, sifting litter, 350 m a.s.1., 8.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [8]. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: Mediterranean. Sintula retroversus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) MATERIAL: 1 4,1 ® subad., Greece, Ikaria, route Evdilos - Petropoulion, near Xanthi, 220 m asl., 22.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/43]. — 1 &, Cyprus, route from Fontana Amorosa, 2 km from Bath of Aphrodite, 60 m a.s.l., under stones, 17.XT.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/8].— 1 ©, Bath of Aphrodite, wet ravine, under bark of Eucalyptus sp., 17.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/13]. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Cypriot fauna. RANGE: Mediterranean. Stemonyphantes abantensis (Wunderlich, 1978) MATERIAL: 1 ®, Turkey, Mudurnu, Abant, 1500-1600 m a.s.1., under bark of Abies & Fagus, 22.V.1976, les. C. Besuchet & I. L6bl [33a]. RANGE: Anatolian. Stemonyphantes serratus Sp. n. Figs 84-92 HOLOTYPE: à , Turkey, Bursa Province, 20 km from Bursa, 1300 m a.s.l., Fagus & Pinus forest, sifting litter, 12.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl. PARATYPE: 1 d , Turkey, Bursa, Uludaÿ , above station, 1900-2000 m a.s.1., under stones, 12.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lbl. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, an adjective, refers to the shape of the anterior apophysis of the tegulum. DIAGNOSIS: The species is characterised by the shape of the upper branch of the cymbium, as well as by the saw-toothed anterior tegular apophysis. DESCRIPTION: Male paratype. Total length 4.35. Carapace 2.00 long, 1.55 wide, reddish brown, with a narrow grey margin. Chelicerae 0.75 long. Leg I 6.90 long LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 79 FiGs 84-86 Stemonyphantes serratus Sp. n., 4 paratype, from Uludaë , Turkey. (84, 85) Metatarsus I and I, respectively. (86) Right palp, retrolateral view. (1.75+0.65+1.60+1.75+1.15), IV 7.45 long (2.00+0.55+2.00+1.90+1 00). Chaetotaxy: Fel: 2-1-0-0; II-IV: 2-0-0-0; Til-If: 2-1-1-4, INI-IV: 2-1-1-3(4-2); MtI-If: 0-0-0-2, III- IV: 0-1-1-4. Mt] twice as thick as Mt, with a narrow groove on dorsal side (Figs 84 & 85). Metatarsus I-IV with a trichobothrium. TmI 0.28. Palp (Figs 86-92): Upper branch of cymbium slightly curved. Paracymbium relatively small, J-shaped, with a row of long stout spines on upper edge. Anterior tegular apophysis with hook-shaped apex and saw-toothed lower edge distally. Radix flattened, with a thin outgrowth ante- riorly. Radical apophysis situated near base of embolus, long and stout, highly sclero- üzed. Embolus slightly shorter than radix, flattened. Abdomen 2.50 long, 1.55 wide, dorsally grey, with a dark median band flanked by paramedian spots connected to it with thin bands. 80 A. V. TANASEVITCH FiGs 87-92 Stemonyphantes serratus Sp. n., d paratype, from Uludaë , Turkey. (87) Left palp, retrolateral view. (88) Paracymbium, lateral view. (89, 90) Tegulum, prolateral and retrolateral view, respectively. (91, 92). Embolic division, different aspects. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species is similar to S. abantensis Wunderlich, 1978 and S. agnatus Tanasevitch, 1990, but differs well by its curved upper branch of the cymbium, as well as by its saw-shaped anterior tegular apophysis. S. serratus sp. n. together with S. abantensis, S. agnatus and S. montanus Wunderlich, 1978 form LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 81 the abantensis species-group, which is characterised by a bifid cymbium, a relatively short and stout embolus, the presence of a spear-shaped apophysis on the radix at the base of the embolus (except for S. montanus). The abantensis species-group 1s restricted to the Anatolian-Caucasian region. DISTRIBUTION: The species is known from the type locality only. Tapinocyba affinis (de Lessert, 1907) MATERIAL: 1 G , Italy, Falzarego, Cortina d’Ampezzo, 25.VI.1967, leg. A. Comellini. RANGE: European. Tapinocyba corsica (Simon, 1884) MATERIAL: 1 4,2 9 , Italy, Latium, Colli Albani, Mt Cavo, 859-900 m a.s.1., sifting litter under Corylus avellana & Castanea sativa, 2.-3.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile. REMARKS: This species is known from Corsica only. Tapinocyba maureri Thaler, 1991 MATERIAL: 9 4,20 9,4 4,6 ? (ZMMU), Italy, Aosta Valley, Porossan, near Aosta, 700 m a.s.l., litter under Quercus pubescens, 13.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile [9]. REMARKS: This species is known from Italy and Switzerland only. Tapinocyba pallens (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) MATERIAL: 1 4,6 © , Italy, Aosta Valley, Velde, Gressoney, Fontainemore, 1500 m a.s.l., litter under A/nus viridis, X.1980, leg. A. Focarile [10]. RANGE: European. Tapinocyboides pygmaeus (Menge, 1869) MATERIAL: 1 G , Italy, Aosta Valley, Porossan, near Aosta, 700 m a.s.., litter under Quercus pubescens, 13.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile [9]. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Italian fauna. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Tenuiphantes aff. aequalis (Tanasevitch, 1987) Figs 93-97 MATERIAL: 1 G , Turkey, Artvin Province, above Artvin, 1500 m a.s.l., under stones, 9.VI.1986, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Lôbl & D. Burckhardt [11a]. COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED: T. aegualis, 3 4 (CAT), Russia, Caucasus, Republic of Adygeya, environs of Guzeripl’, Caucasian Nature Reserve, Mt Abago, Abies, Fagus, Acer, Betula etc. forest, up to timberline and in subalpine meadows, 1700-1850 m a.s.., 24.- 26.V.1985, leg. S. Golovatch. — 1 G,1 ? (CAT), same locality, 2000 m a.s.]., 27.VII.1974, leg. V. Ovtsharenko. — 1 4,2 9 (CAT), same locality, 8.VIIL.1974, leg. V. Ovtsharenko. — 1 4,2 9 (ZMMU), Russia, Caucasus, Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia, near Teberda (ca 43°27°N, 41°44°E), Teberda Nature Reserve, Mt Malaya Khatipara, IX.2008, leg. F. Martynovchenko. REMARKS: À single male from Artvin, Turkey has the palpal conformation almost identical to that of the Caucasian T. aequalis. The main difference lies in the shape of the terminal apophysis: compare Figs 95, 96 with Figs 98, 99. The exami- nation of material from the Caucasus (see below) has shown that shape of the terminal 82 A. V. TANASEVITCH 97, 100 101-103 97 101 102 103 100 Tenuiphantes aff. aequalis (Tanasevitch, 1987), 4 specimen from Artvin, Turkey (93-97), and Tenuiphantes aequalis (Tanasevitch, 1987), 4 specimens from Mt Abago, Russia (98-103). (93) Right palp, retrolateral view. (94) Paracymbium, lateral view. (95,98) Embolic division. (96, 99) Lamella characteristica and terminal apophysis. (97, 100) Embolus. (101-103) Basal part of embolus. FiGs 93-103 apophysis in T. aequalis is quite stable, but only the number (from three to four) and shape of its teeth on the embolus base are slightly variable (Figs 100-103). In the absence of conspecific female and additional male material, the taxonomic position of the specimen from Artvin is unclear. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 83 Tenuiphantes flavipes (Blackwall, 1854) MATERIAL: 1 9, Italy, Aosta Valley, Porossan, near Aosta, 700 m a.s.I., litter under Quercus pubescens, 13.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile [9]. — 1 SG, Turkey, Kastamonu, between Inebolu and Sure, 10 km from Küre, 700 m a.s.l., Fagus forest with Rhododendron, sifting litter, 18.V.1976 leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [22]. REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. RANGE: European. Tenuiphantes herbicola (Simon, 1884) Figs 104-112 MATERIAL: 3 4,1 9, Italy, Tuscany, Mt Argentario, Maremma, 280-400 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Quercus ilex & Q. suber, 13.-14.11.1980, leg. A. Focarile. — 1 d, Greece, Peloponnese, Messenie, Agios Dimitrios/Leuktron, 20.VIIL.1970, leg. A. Senglet [7050]. COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED: 1 d, France, Corsica, 15 km N of L’Ile-Rousse, wetland near Ostriconi, pitfall traps, 1.VI.1984 leg. HG. Müller. — 2 d , Corsica, forest of Tartagine, near forest camp, broadleaved forest, pitfall traps, VI.1984, leg. H.G. Müller. — 2 ©, same locality, from leaf litter, VI.1984, leg. H.G. Müller. REMARKS: The lamella characteristica in a male from the Peloponnese, Greece differs in shape from those illustrated in the literature (Simon, 1884, 1929; Helsdingen et al., 1977). À small material of T. herbicola from Tuscany and Corsica has shown that the shape of the lamella characteristica 1s really somewhat variable, but the main reason of variation for such differences lies in the different angles at which the specimens were 1llustrated. The shape of the posterior median plate of the epigyne 1s indeed different in two samples from the same population. This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. Tenuiphantes tenebricola (Wider, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 9 , Italy, Piemont Province, Cuneo, Mt Antorovo, 1700 m as... litter under Alnus viridis, 16.VI.1982, leg. A. Focarile [13]. — 1 4,2 ©, Lombardia, Verese Province, Mt Campo, 1100 m a.s.l., litter under Corylus, V.1982, leg. A. Focarile [13]. RANGE: East Palaearctic. Tenuiphantes tenuis (Blackwall, 1852) MATERIAL: 1 9, Greece, Naupactus, 14.1V.1979, leg. S. Vit. —- 1 G, Crete. Rethimnon. Axos/Anogia, 3.VII.1970, leg. A. Senglet [7013]. — 1 9%, Dariviana (35°13°N, 24931'E), 2.X.1999, leg. A. Senglet.—7 ,14 9:2 ? (ZMMU). Cyprus, Cedar Valley, 1200 m as... sift- ing litter under fern, 24.VII.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [42]. -3 G ,4 © , same locality, 18.VII.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [27b]. — 1 4,4 ©, same locality, 15.VIL.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [19]. — 1 ©, above Ayia, 950 m a.s.]., sifting litter under Pinus, 12.VII.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [11a].— 1 ?, Limassol District, Ayios Dimitrios, 700 m a.s.., sifting litter, 9.VII.1977, leg. S. Vit [c/15]. — 1 9 , Nicosia, Alonoudhi Junction, 600 m a.s.1., sifting litter under Platanus, 15.VIL.1977, leg. S. Vit [c/27].-— 1 © , same locality, irrigation canal, 10.VII.1977, leg. S. Vit. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Cypriot fauna. RANGE: European-Ancient Mediterranean. Introduced to New Zealand (Millidge, 1988), to Chili and Argentina (Millidge, 1991), as well as to North America (Paquin ef al., 2010). Troxochrus apertus Sp. n. Figs 113-124 HOLOTYPE: d , Greece, Rhodes, Mt Kariona, 6 km W of Apollona, 400 m as... sifting litter under Platanus, 13.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [13]. 84 A. V. TANASEVITCH 104-112 111 FiGs 104-112 _ Tenuiphantes herbicola (Simon, 1884), 4 from Greece, Peloponnese. (104) Right palp, retro - lateral view. (105) Paracymbium, lateral view. (106) Embolic division. (107) Lamella charac- teristica. (108) Base of lamella characteristica and terminal apophysis. (109-112) Embolus, different aspects. PARATYPES: 1 G,149%;1 4,5 ? (ZMMU), collected together with holotype, 13.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [13]. -3 % , same locality, 11.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [8b].— 4 © ,2 km SW of Ebonas, sifting moss and litter in ravine, 15.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [15b]. — 2 ®, Epta Pigai, sifting moss and litter in ravine, 9.1V.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [3b].— 1 © , Samos, between LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 85 FiGs 113-117 Troxochrus apertus Sp. n., & paratype from Samos, Greece (113-115), and ® paratype from Apollona, Greece (116, 117).(113-116) Carapace, lateral view (113, 116), dorsal view (114), and frontal view (115). (117) Epigyne, ventral view. Leka and Kastanea, near cloister “Agios Trias”, 200 m a.s.., sifting litter under Platanus & Cupressus, 16.V.1985, leg. C. Besuchet [8b]. —- 1 4 (ZMMU), Samos, route Kambos (E of Aghios Konstantinos) - Vourliotes, above cloister “Moni Vronda”, in soil under Pinus Sp., 520 m a.s.l., 26.X1.1991, leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/64]. —- 1 4,2 ©, Turkey, Adana, Karatepe, near Kadirli, 200 m a.s.., 1.V.1978, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [15].-— 1 $ , same locality, 1.V.1978, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [15]. — 1 ?, Mersin, route to Arslankoy Aladay (36°56’20N, 34°30’12E), 830 m a.s.1., 2.V.2004, leg. C. Besuchet [34]. -— 1 ® , Antalia, 12 km N of Manavgat, 26.1V.1978, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [2]. — 1 %, Chaine Ak Daglari, Fethiye, 900 m assl., sifting litter, 11.1V.1993, leg. S. Vit [4]. —- 1 & , Fethiye, Sinekcibeli Pass, 1000 m a.s.l., under stones, 11.1V.1993, leg. S. Vit [5]. ETYMOLOGY: The species name, an adjective, refers to the shape of the epigyne. 86 A. V. TANASEVITCH 118 121 118-121 122-124 FiGs 118-124 Troxochrus apertus Sp. n., 4 paratype from Samos, Greece. (118, 119) Right palp, retrolateral and prolateral view, respectively. (120) Distal part of palp. (121) Palpal tibia, dorsal view. (122-124) Embolic division, different aspects. DIAGNOSIS: The new species is characterised by the peculiar shape of the embolic division, as well as by the large and wide aperture of the epigyne. DESCRIPTION: Male paratype. Total length 1.34. Carapace modified as shown in Figs 113-115, 0.63 long, 0.50 wide, yellow to pale brown. Chelicerae 0.25 long, un- LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 27 modified. Legs yellow. Leg I 1.58 long (0.48+0.19+0.38+0.28+0.25), IV 1.54 long (0.43+0.20+0.38+0.29+0.24). Chaetotaxy: 1.1.1.1, spines scarcely visible, very thin and short, about half of diameter of segment. TmI 0.50. Metatarsus IV without tichobothrium. Palp (Figs 118-124): Palpal tibia as long as wide, with two slanting sharpened outgrowths. Paracymbium relatively small and narrow, C-shaped. Distal suprategular apophysis short and wide, rounded distally. Embolic part of embolic dvision wide and coiled. Abdomen 0.70 long, 0.50 wide, white to pale grey. Female. Total length 1.50. Carapace as shown in Fig. 116, 0.65 long, 0.50 wide. Chelicerae 0.25 long. Leg I 1.54 long (0.48+0.20+0.38+0.25+0.23), IV 1.60 long (0.50+0.19+0.38+0.29+0.24). TmI 0.50. Abdomen 0.93 long, 0.650 wide. Epigyne large, aperture wide, with a rounded “visor” hanging over epigynal cavity (Fig. 117). Body and leg coloration, as well as chaetotaxy, as in male. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species clearly differs from other congeners by the peculiar shape of the embolus, as well as by the very large aperture and the pesence of a rounded “visor” hanging over the epigynal cavity. DISTRIBUTION: Turkish and Greek islands near the western coast of Turkey. RANGE: Anatolian. Typhochrestus chiosensis Wunderlich, 1995 MATERIAL: 2 ,2 ©, Turkey, Ankara, Gülbasi, sifting humus, 750 m a.s.l., 29.X.1995, les. S, Vit [1]. REMARKS: This species was hitherto known from Greece only. It is here report- ed for the first time for the Turkish fauna. Typhochrestus ikarianus Sp. n. Figs 125-129 HOLOTYPE: à , Greece, Ikaria, route Monokampi - Evdilos, near Monokampi, 400 m a.s.1., 22.X1.1991, les. B. Hauser [ZS-91/39]. PARATYPE: 1 d , Greece, Ikaria, route Aghios Kirykos - Oxea, near Oxea, under stones, 500 m a.s.., 22.X1.1991, les. B. Hauser [ZS-91/37]. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, an adjective, is derived from the name of the Greek island where the new species was found. DIAGNOSIS: The species 1s characterised by the shape of the palpal tibia and the absence of the anterior radical process in the embolic division. DESCRIPTION: Male paratype. Total length 1.58. Carapace modified as shown in Figs 125 & 126, 0.75 long, 0.53 wide, pale brown with indistinct radial bands. Chelicerae 0.20 long, unmodified. Both holotype and paratype have white, almost transparent (probably bleach) legs. Leg I 2.10 long (0.60+0.15+0.60+0.45+0.30), IV 2.18 long (0.60+0.18+0.60+0.50+0.30). Chaetotaxy unclear because spines lost. Trichobothria on legs not found. Palp (Figs 127-129): Distal part of palpal tibia elon- gated and claw-shaped. Protegulum conical, membraneous. Radix without anterior radical process. Embolus with a wide membraneous edge, coiled. Abdomen 0.83 long, 0.55 wide, grey. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: The new species belongs to a group of species which is characterized by the absence of the tail-shaped anterior radical process and seems to be 88 A. V. TANASEVITCH 127-129 FiGs 125-129 Typhochrestus ikarianus Sp. n., 4 paratype from Oxea, Greece. (125, 126) Carapace, lateral and dorsal view, respectively. (127, 128) Right palp, retrolateral and prolateral view, respectively. (129) Palpal tibia, dorsal view. most similar to 7. simoni Lessert, 1907, but well distinguished by the shape of the palpal tibia and by the absence of the lateral tooth on it. DISTRIBUTION: Known from Ikaria Island only. Walckenaeria alticeps (Denis, 1952) MATERIAL: 1 ®, Cyprus, Ayios Dhimitrios, 600 m a.s.l., sifting litter under Quercus, 9.VIL.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [2a]. - 1 4,3 9, near Ayios Dhimitrios, sifting moss and litter, 11.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [12b]. — 1 ® , Cedar Valley, 1200 m a.s.l., sifting litter under fern, 4.VII.1977, leg. C. Besuchet [42]. — 1 % , Nicosia, Alonoudhi Junction, 600 m a.s.I., litter under Platanus, 15.VIL.1977, leg.S. Vit[c/27].—1 ® , Turkey, Adana, 11 km SW of Pozanti, near Tekir, 1000 m a.s.1., sifting litter, 30.1V.1978, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [13a]. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 89 REMARKS: This species is here reported for the first time for the Cypriot and Turkish faunas. RANGE: West Palaearctic. Walckenaeria atrotibialis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1878) MATERIAL: 1 ©, Turkey, Bursa Province, near Bursa, 500 m a.s.1., Quercus forest with Pinus & Castanea, sifting litter, 12.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [3]. — 1 4, Kastamonu, 13 km E of Agli, 1200 m as.l., Quercus forest with Pinus, sifting litter, 18.V.1976, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Lôbl [25b]. RANGE: West Palaearctic-Nearctic. Walckenaeria cuspidata Blackwall, 1833 MATERIAL: 1 © , Italy, Aosta Valley, near Rutor Glacier, 2100 m a.s.1., IX.1982, leg. A. Focarile [6]. RANGE: Palaearctic. Walckenaeria cyprusensis Wunderlich, 1995 MATERIAL: 1 & , Cyprus, above Ayios Dhimitrios, sifting litter under Platanus, Alnus & Quercus in ravine, 11.1V.1981, leg. C. Besuchet [12b]. REMARKS: This species 1s known from Cyprus only. Walckenaeria incisa (O. P.-Cambridge, 1871) MATERIAL: 1 © , Greece, Attika, E of Mt Parnis, 400 m a.s.1., litter, 5.1V.1983, leg. S. Vit [19]. REMARKS: This species 1s here reported for the first time for the Greek fauna. RANGE: European. Walckenaeria monoceros (Wider, 1834) MATERIAL: 1 ®, Greece, Cyclades, Iraklia, cave “Aghio Ioannis”, 100 m ass. 11.V.1985, leg. B. Hauser [Nax-85/23]. RANGE: European-Ancient Mediterranean. Walckenaeria stylifrons (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875) MATERIAL: 1 ® , Greece, Ikaria, along route Aghios Kirykos - Oxea, near Oxea, 500 m a.s.]., under stones, 22.X1.1991, les. B. Hauser [ZS-91/37]. — 1 ®, Samos, route Kambos - Vourliotes, above cloister “Moni Vronda”, in soil under Pinus sp., 520 m a.s.., 26.XT.1991 , leg. B. Hauser [ZS-91/64]. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am very grateful to all persons whose collections I have examined in the present study. I wish to thank to Don Buckle (Saskatoon, Canada), Rodney Crawford (BMNHC), Norman Platnick (AMNH), Jonathan Coddington and David Furth (USNM), Christine Rollard and Christophe Hervé (MNHNP), Peter Jäger and Julia Altmann (SMEF) for providing me of the type or comparative material. Special thanks to Peter J. Schwendinger (MHNG) for checking the manuscript and for the opportunity 90 A. V. TANASEVITCH to work on the spider collections of the MHNG. Jôrg Wunderlich (Hirschberg, Germany) also commented on the manuscript. This study was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, projects # 09-04-01365-a and # 08-04- 92230-a. REFERENCES BOSMANS, R. & BOURAGBA, N. 1992. Trois nouvelles Linyphiidae de l’Atlas Algérien, avec la description du mâle de Lepthyphantes djazairi Bosmans, et la redescription de Lepthy - phantes homonymus Denis (Araneae). Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royale Belge d'Entomologie 128: 245-262. BOSMANS, R. 1994. On some species described by O. P.-Cambridge in the genera Erigone and Linyphia from Egypt, Palestine and Syria (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Bulletin of the British arachnological Society 9 (7): 233-235. CRoOSBY, C. R. & BisHop, S. C. 1928. Revision of the spider genera Erigone, Éperigone and Catabrithorax (Erigoneae). New York State Museum Bulletin 278: 1-73. DENIS, J. 1953. Araignées des environs du Marcadau et du Vignemale (Hautes-Pyrénées). Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire naturelle de Toulouse 88: 83-112. EsKOV, K. Y. 1992 (for 1990). New data on the fauna of the spider family Linyphiidae (Aranei) of the Soviet Far East. Zn: OVTSHARENKO, V. I. (ed). Fauna 1 ecologiya paukov, skorpi- onov 1 lozhnoskorpionov SSSR. Trudy Zoologicheskogo instituta AN SSSR, Leningrad 226: 51-59 [in Russian]. EsKOV, K. Y. 1994. Catalogue of the linyphid spiders of northern Asia (Arachnida, Araneae, Linyphudae). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, 144 pp. GNELITSA, V. A. 2009. A survey of Crimean Linyphiidae (Aranei). 1. On seven rare and little known linyphids from Crimea. Arthropoda Selecta 17 (3-4): 191-202. HELSDINGEN, P. J. VAN, THALER, K. & DELTSHEV, C. 1977. The tenuis group of Lepthyphantes Menge (Araneae, Linyphiidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 120 (1): 1-54. HORMIGA, G. 2000. Higher level phylogenetics of erigonine spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 609: 1-160. KULCZYNSKkI, W. 1908. Fragmenta arachnologica. X. Bulletin de l’Académie des science de Cracovie 1908: 49-86. MARUSIK, Y. M., LOGUNOV, D. V. & KOPONEN, S. 2000. Spiders of Tuva, south Siberia. /nstitute Jor Biological Problems of the North, Magadan, 253 pp. MILLIDGE, À. F. 1981. A revision of the genus Gonatium (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Bulletin of the British arachnological Society 5 (6): 253-277. MILLIDGE, À. F. 1988. The spiders of New Zealand: Part VI. Family Linyphiidae. Orago Museum Bulletin 6: 35-67. MILLIDGE, À. F. 1991. Further linyphiid spiders (Araneae) from South America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 205: 1-199. MUSTER, C. & HANGGI, A. 2009. The Erigone psychrophila group in the Alps (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Contributions to Natural History 12: 987-1005. PAQUIN, P., BUCKLE D. J., DUPÉRRÉ N. & DONDALE C. D. 2010. Checklist of the spiders (Araneae) of Canada and Alaska. Zootaxa 2461: 1-170. SAARISTO, M. I. & TANASEVITCH, A. V. 1996. Redelimitation of the subfamily Micronetinae Hull, 1920 and the genus Lepthyphantes Menge, 1866 with descriptions of some new genera. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck 83: 163-186. SIMON, E. 1884. Les arachnides de France, vol. 5, part 2-3, pp. 181-885. Paris. SIMON, E. 1929. Les arachnides de France. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l’ordre des Araneae, vol. 3, pp. 533-772. Paris. TANASEVITCH, À. V. 1987. The linyphiid spiders of the Caucasus, USSR (Arachnida: Araneae: Linyphiidae). Senckenbergiana biologica 67 (4/6): 297-383. LINYPHIID SPIDERS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN 91 TANASEVITCH, À. V. 1990. The spider family Linyphiidae in the fauna of the Caucasus (Arachnida, Aranei) (pp. 5-114). /n: STRIGANOVA, B. KR. (ed.). Fauna of the terrestrial invertebrates of the Caucasus. Nauka Publisher, Moscow, 237 pp. TANASEVITCH, À. V. & KOPONEN, S. 2007 (for 2006). Spiders (Aranei) of the southern tundra in the Russian Plain. Arthropoda Selecta 15 (4): 295-345. TANASEVITCH, A. V.. KOPONEN, S. & KAARLEJARVI, E. 2009 (for 2008). Small collection of spiders (Aranei) from the Polar Urals and Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Arthropoda Selecta 17 (3-4): 185-190. TANASEVITCH, A. V., KUNT, K. B. & SEYYAR, O. 2005 (for 2004). A new species of the genus Megalepthyphantes Wunderlich from Turkey (Araneri: Linyphiidae: Micronetinae). Arthropoda Selecta 13 (4): 279-280. WUNDERLICH, J. 1979. Linyphidae aus Nepal, III. Die Gattungen Caviphantes Oi 1960 und Lessertiella Dumitrescu & Miller 1962 (Arachnida: Araneae). Senckenbergiana biolo - gica 60 (1/2): 85-89. ft Le PTT dure fiat (natiretiymslé avuy-éave | 19e F can né tres PET | rave, Ent: Sniilinerenétte = Mes codes sf 1 spider nai not leveatee RENE À Marc mé et 1 V je ; : a & cé LE 744 duré € NP te whler vai YA in vor PEMA Tr ] en of tnieiN rs LR dis | EN LU {VAN DIR ND wir ti ont -ghamp of | nraiosés TER RME TNT LE > ‘| tn : dti 2 Te es ph 2 L - 20 dpt niet —_ dc Le . È Ah CRT | is Ji 's le UN rs r RP { L A. PR l'ohte LOT | | | | a es. 4 Ent. WU e 1”. (#2: or hi — } « à d d on _- LE pi EU CE ‘ Lao fe TRAME via ru céitéralieé sd CE A à ee AMEN E.: di : 4e A À. L VE P. 8 : x pie: PCR SC ET Te tin iii aides afin Fe pates) Ses rettrsng Mie TL SLPE rs J Cu | * sotanti E 0 de , +0 Ve s " st l'A TaMN L Un arret ét » 4 ET A ei RE | “4 irodai- Le | . Le pn “ È L 't Chate ct di te étre MUR re 14 } A. REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 93-98; mars 2011 Two New Species of Hybos Meigen from Oriental China (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae) Ding YANG!* & Weihai LI? l Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Email: dyangcau@ 126.com, dyangcau@ yahoo.com.cn 2 Department of Plant Protection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China. Email: Iwh7969@ 163.com * Correspondence author Two New Species of Hybos Meigen from Oriental China (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae). - The following two closely related species of the genus Hybos from Oriental China are described as new to science: Hybos biancistroides sp. n.and Hybos yinyuhensis sp. n. Their relationships with the morphologically similar species are discussed. Keywords: Diptera - Hybotidae - Hybos - China - Hubeï - new species INTRODUCTION The genus Hybos Meigen is characterized within the family Hybotidae by the long spine-like proboscis, anal cell longer than basal cell, R,,< and M, divergent api- cally (Chväla, 1983; Yang & Yang, 2004). It is distributed worldwide with 164 species, of which 12 species described from the Palaearctic Region and 130 species from the Oriental Region (Yang ef al., 2007). The species of Hybos from China were revised by Yang & Yang (2004) who mentioned 85 species. Since then, another 15 species were described, and therefore, 100 species are currently known from China (Yang et al., 2007). The major references dealing with Hybos in the Old World are Brunetti (1920), Frey (1953), Smith (1965), Saigusa (1963, 1965), Chväla (1983), Yang & Yang (2004), and Yang ef al. (2006). In the present paper, two new species of Hybos are added to the fauna of Oriental China, supplementing Yang & Yang (2004). MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens for this study are deposited in the following collections: CAU = Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. MHNG = Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève, Switzerland. Basic terminology follows McAlpine (1981) and Steyskal & Knutson (1981). The following abbreviations for the setae are used: acr = acrostichal, ad = anterodorsal, av = anteroventral, dc = dorsocentral, À = humeral, npl = notopleural, oc = ocellar, presc = prescutellar, psa = postalar, pv = posteroventral, v = ventral. Manuscript accepted 15.07.2010 94 D. YANG & W. LI TAXONOMIC PART Hybos biancistroides sp. n. Fig. 1 HOLOTYPE: Male, Hubeï, Shennongjia, Yinyuhe, 18. VII. 2009, Qifei Liu (CAU). PARATYPES: 4 males, same data as holotype (CAU & MHNG). ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to two hook-like processes of the left surstylus. DiAGNosis: Legs entirely black. Mid femur with one row of long, uniformly light brown pv setulae. Right surstylus thick and apically hooked medially; left sur- stylus with two medially directed hook-like processes, a short basal and apically a very long, medially directed one. DESCRIPTION MALE: Body length 3.2-3.3 mm, wing length 3.2-3.3 mm. Head: black, pale gray microtrichose. Eyes contiguous on frons; upper facets distinctly enlarged. Setae and setulae on head black; ocellar tubercle distinct, with one pair of long oc. Antenna black: scape bare; pedicel with a circle of subapical setulae; first flagellomere without dorsal setulae, 1.6-1.7 times as long as wide; arista black, 3.6-3.7 times as long as first flagellomere, short pubescent (longest rays shorter than basal diameter of arista) except apical 1/4 thin and bare. Proboscis black; palpus black with 3-4 long ventral setulae. Thorax: black, pale gray microtrichose. Setae and setulae black; postpronotal lobe setulose but true À absent, 2 npl (anterior npl short), acr irregularly biseriate, 1 dis- tinct posterior dc and 5-6 setulae anteriad, 1 weak presc, 1 long psa; scutellum with 2 (pairs of) short lateral setulae, 1-2 (pairs of) short apical setulae and 1 (pair of) long subapical setae. Legs entirely black. Setulae on legs light brown, setae black, except tibiae and tarsi with mostly black setulae. Fore femur 1.2 times as wide as mid femur, with one row of long pv setulae; mid femur with 1 preapical anterior seta and with one row of long pv setulae; hind femur 2.0-2.1 times as wide as mid femur, with 3-4 ad setae in apical half, and with 7-8 av (longer than v and pv), 14 v (6 sparse v on basal 1/2 and 8 dense v on apical 1/2), a short row of 3-5 pv on basal 1/4, which are spine- like and inserted on weak tubercles. Fore tibia with 1 long ad at middle, apically with l ad and I av; mid tibia with 3 long ad in one row, apically with 4 setae (1 av very long); hind tibia apically with 1 brownish yellow av and 1 long, thin preapical ad. Mid tarsomere 1 with two rows of short v; hind tarsomeres 1-2 with short ventral spines. Wing hyaline or indistinctly grayish tinged; stigma dark brown; veins dark brown, R4,5 and M, slightly divergent apically. Squama yellow, bordered with pale setulae. Halter pale yellow with dark brown base. Abdomen: weakly curved downward, blackish, grey microtrichose. Setulae and setae pale, but few setae on hypopygium black. Male genitalia (Fig. 1): right epandrial lobe wide with slightly concave inner margin at middle, right surstylus thick, its tip with a medially directed hook-like pro- cess,; left epandrial lobe narrow with slightly convex inner margin, left surstylus long with a short basal and a long apical hook-like process, both medially directed: hypan- drium distinctly longer than wide, apically distinctly narrowed toward extreme tip. FEMALE: Unknown. DISTRIBUTION: China (Hubeï). NEW HYBOS FROM ORIENTAL CHINA 95 LEA FIG. 1 Hybos biancistroides sp. n. (male). (A) Genitalia, dorsal view. (B) Hypandrium, ventral view. REMARKS: In the key of Yang & Yang (2004) this species runs to couplet 52 which has to be modified as follows: 32: JA: Pnehralne orindisuncuy 2rayishtüinged : ..........L............ 52a LC ul ce 7 H. jianfengensis First flagellomere with several dorsal setae; arista entirely bare ....... NU Nu à à nes som aa ae Wie H. tongshanensis First flagellomere without any dorsal seta; base of arista pubescent . ... tdi ae ne aa Seine H. biancistroides sp. n. The new species may be confused with Hybos tongshanensis Yang & Yang, 1991 from Hubeï and Guangxi, but it can be easily separated from the latter by having the first flagellomere without any dorsal seta and the base of the arista pubescent. In H. tongshanensis, the first flagellomere has several dorsal setae, and the arista is entirely 96 D. YANG & W. LI bare (Yang & Yang, 2004). Another morphologically similar species is H. yinyuhensis sp. n. (see below). The differences between the two species are given under this species. Hybos yinyuhensis sp. n. Fig. 2 HOLOTYPE: Male, Hubeï, ShennongJjia, Yinyuhe, 18. VII. 2009, Qifei Liu (CAU). PARATYPES: 3 males, same data as holotype (CAU & MHNG). ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to the type locality. DIAGNOSIS: Legs entirely black. In the middle of the row of the light brown pv setae on mid femur with 3-4 black setae. Right surstylus, straight, short and wide. Otherwise morphologically similar to H. biancistroides sp. n. DESCRIPTION MALE: Body length 3.4-3.5 mm, wing length 3.5-3.6 mm. Head: black, pale gray microtrichose. Eyes contiguous on frons; upper facets distinctly enlarged. Setae and setulae on head black; ocellar tubercle distinct, with one pair of long oc. Antenna black; scape bare; pedicel with a circle of subapical setulae; first flagellomere without dorsal setulae, 1.5-1.6 times as long as wide; arista black, 4.4-4.5 times as long as first flagellomere, short pubescent (longest rays shorter than basal diameter of arista) except apical 1/4 thin and bare. Proboscis black; palpus black with 3-4 long ventral setulae. Thorax: black, pale gray microtrichose. Setae and setulae black; postpronotal lobe setuloae but true À absent, 2 npl (anterior npl short), acr irregularly biseriate, 1 distinct posterior dc and 6-7 setulae anteriad, 1 distinct presc (slightly shorter than posterior dc), 1 long psa; scutellum with 2 (pairs of) short lateral setulae, 2 (pairs of) short apical setulae and 1 pair of long subapical setae. Legs entirely black. Setulae on legs mostly pale, setae black. Fore femur 1.2 times as wide as mid femur, with one row of pale, long pv setulae; mid femur with 1 preapical anterior seta and with one row of pale, long pv setulae (but 3-4 pv setulae at middle black and strong): hind femur 2.3- 2.7 times as wide as mid femur, with 3-4 ad in apical half, and with 9-10 av (mostly longer than v and pv), 14 v (7 sparse v on basal 1/2 and 7 dense v on apical 1/2), 5 pv on basal 1/4, which are spine-like and inserted on weak tubercles. Fore tibia with 4-5 almost dorsal setae (1 seta near middle conspicuously long), apically with 1 ad and 1 very long, weak pv; mid tibia with 3 ad (2 basal ad very long), apically with 4 setae (1 av very long); hind tibia apically without distinct strong setae. Mid tarsomere 1 with two rows of short v; hind tarsomeres 1-2 with short ventral spines. Wing hyaline: stigma dark brown; veins dark brown, R,,s and M, indistinctly divergent apically. Squama yellow, bordered with pale setulae. Halter pale yellow with dark brown base. Abdomen: weakly curved downward, black, gray microtrichose. Setulae and setae pale except for some black setae on hypopygium. Male genitalia (Fig. 2): right epandfrial lobe with slightly concave inner margin at middle, right surstylus straight, short and wide with a small, shining black wart-like tubercule just below; left epandrial lobe with slightly concave inner margin, left surstylus with a short, basal and a long, apical process (long process almost straight, wide and knife-like); hypandrium distinctly longer than wide, apically narrowed toward its tip. FEMALE: Unknown. NEW HYBOS FROM ORIENTAL CHINA 97 D FIG. 2 Hybos yinyuhensis sp. n. (male). (A) Genitalia, dorsal view. (B) Right surstylus. (C) Left surstylus. (D) Hypandrium, ventral view. DISTRIBUTION: China (Hube:i). REMARKS: The new species is morphologically similar to Hybos biancistroides sp. n., and runs to the same couplet in the key of Yang & Yang (2004), but it can be separated from the latter by 3-4 medially black pv setae on mid femur (all Hght brown in H. biancistroides), and its right surstylus which is straight, short and wide (thick and apically with a hook in H. biancistroides). 98 D. YANG & W. LI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Our sincere thanks are due to Mr. Qifei Liu (China Agricultural University, Beijing) for collecting the specimens and to Dr. Bernhard Merz (Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève) for reviewing the paper. The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30770259). REFERENCES BRUNETTI, E. 1920. Diptera Brachycera Vol. 1. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon & Burma. London, 401 pp. CHVALA, M. 1983. The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General Part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 12: 279 pp. Scandinavian Science Press, Kopenhagen. FREY, R. 1953. Studien über ostasiatische Dipteren. IT. Hybotinae, Ocydromiinae, Hormopeza Zett. Notulae Entomologicae 33: 57-71. MCALPINE, J. F. 1981. Morphology and terminology - adults. (pp. 9-63). 1n: MCALPINE, JF, PETERSON, B. V., SHEWELL, G. E., TESKEY, H. J., VOCKEROTH, J. R. & Woopb, D. M. (eds). Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 1. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Monograph 27: 1-674. SAIGUSA, T. 1963. Systematic studies of the genus Hybos in Japan I. New species with yellowish legs (Diptera, Empididae). Sieboldia 3(1): 97-104. SAIGUSA, T. 1965. Studies on the Formosan Empididae collected by Professor T. Shirôzu (Diptera, Brachycera). Special Bulletin of the Lepidopterists’ Society of Japan 1: 180-196. SMITH, K. G. V. 1965. Diptera from Nepal: Empididae. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 17(2): 61-112. STEYSKAL, G. C. & KNUTSON, L. V. 1981. 47. Empididae (pp 607-624). In: MCALPINE, J. EF, PETERSON, B. V., SHEWELL, G. E., TESKEY, H. J., VOCKEROTH, J. R. & Woop, D. M. (eds). Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 1. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Monograph 27: 1-674. YANG, D., MERZ, B. & GROOTAERT, P. 2006. New yellow-legged Hybos from Nanling, Guangdong, China (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 113(4): 797-806. YANG, D. & YANG, C. 2004. Diptera, Empididae, Hemerodromiinae Hybotinae. Fauna Sinica Insecta 34: 1-329. Science Press, Beijing, YANG, D., ZHANG, K. Y., YAO, G. & ZHANG, J. H. 2007. World catalog of Empididae (Insecta: Diptera). China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 599 pp. REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 99-106; mars 2011 New Uropodina records from Switzerland (Acari: Mesostigmata) with the description of Discourella helvetica n. sp. Jen6 KONTSCHAN Systematic Zoology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13. Hungary. E-mail: kontscha@7oo!l.nhmus.hu New Uropodina records from Switzerland (Acari: Mesostigmata) with the description of Discourella helvetica n. sp. - 24 Uropodina species were collected in several part of Switzerland. Eleven species are new to the fauna and one species (Discourella helvetica n. Sp.) is new to science. Localities for all species, and description, original drawings and scanning micrographs of the new species are given. Keywords: Acarology - turtle mites - taxonomy - faunistics. INTRODUCTION The Uropodina are one of the most poorly known mite groups in the soil, moss and leaf litter of the temperate zone. Some countries of Europe (e.g. Slovakia, Poland, Romania, German and Hungary) are well investigated, but the Uropodina of other European countries are poorly known. The Uropodina fauna of Switzerland belongs to the least-known in Europe: previously 36 species were reported from this country (Wi$niewski, 1993). Investigation of the mite fauna of Switzerland started in the first part of the 20th century. The first researcher who studied the mite fauna of this country was the excellent acarologist Josef Schweizer, who presented several papers on the soil mites of the Swiss National Park; these papers contain some records of Uropodina as well (Schweizer, 1922, 1949, 1957). Schweizer (1922, 1961) described the following species from Switzerland: Discourella dubiosa (Schweizer, 1961), 1phidinychus gaieri (Schweizer, 1961), Uropoda subterrana (Schweizer, 1922), Uropoda parva (Schweizer, 1961) and Uroseius hunzikeri Schweizer, 1922. Some years later Hirschman (1978) described another species from this country (7richouropoda schweizeri Hirschmann, 1978); after that Bühlmann (1980) presented the description of Uroobovella jerzyi Bühlmann, 1980 from Switzerland. The main goal of the present paper is to contribute to the knowledge of the Uropodina fauna of Switzerland. MATERIALS AND METHODS The specimens were cleared with lactic acid and drawn by using a drawing tube. Scanning micrographs were taken in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest with a HITACHI SN 2600 scanning electron microscope; the specimens investigated were spatter-coated with gold-palladium. The holotype of the new species Manuscript accepted 14.06.2010 100 J. KONTSCHAN and most specimens of the other species are stored in alcohol and deposited in the Natural History Museum of Geneva (MHNG), the paratypes of the new species and some specimens of the other species in the Soil Zoology Collections of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest (HNHM). For identification I used Karg’s (1989) and Maÿän'’s (2001) books. The taxonomic system used is adopted from Kontschän’s (2008) work except for the Cilliba species, which follow the system of Stachowiak er al. (2008). Measurements are given in micrometers (y m). LIST OF COLLECTING SITES AP-3 BE-S BE-6 BE-8 GE-I10 GL-1 GR-7 Switzerland, Appenzell, Schwägalp, sifting, 1375 m, 11.1X.1981, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Berne, Kirchenberg, dry leaves in mixed forest, 13.1X.1987, leg. S. Mahunka & L. Mahunka-Papp. Switzerland, Berne, Napf, Mettlenalp, sifting, 100 m, 10.VIL.1984, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Berne, Uebischisee, near Thun, moss at edge of swamp border, 6.VI.1996, les. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Geneva, Allondon, Malval, root and sand, 22.X.1982, les. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Glarus, Ennenda, hollow maple, 17.IX.1987, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Grisons, Maloja, Lake Cavloc, sifting, 2050 m, 27.VIIL.1968, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Jura, Damphreux, lakeside, Salix sp. and grass, 24.11.1995, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Lucerne, Schüpfheim, mole nests, 27.111.1979, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Neuchatel, Vaumarcus, at base of maples, 6.XIL.1984, les. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, St. Gall, Oberuzwil, mosses and reeds at edge of pond, 9.XI1.1987, les. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Schaffhausen, Osterfingen, dead branches at base of oak, 11.VI.1988, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Thurgau, Hudelmoos near Hagenwil, peat-bog, 6.V.1989, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Ticino, Ascona, Monte Veritä. dead leaves and soil, 450 m, 5.X1.1982, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Ticino, Stabio, moss and grass at edge of Gaggiolo, 8.XI.1984, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Vaud, Le Séchey, Lake Ter, under willows, sifting, 1017 m, 21.VI.1989; les C.Besuchet: Switzerland, Valais, Gondo, beech forest, sifting, 800 m, 13.IX.1984, les. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Valais, Grand Saint Bernard, moss on and at base of rocks, 2150 m, 10.1X.1996, leg. C. Besuchet. Switzerland, Valais, Mauvoisin, at base of rock, 1800 m, 15.V.1990, les. C. Besuchet. UROPODINA FROM SWITZERLAND 101 LIST OF SPECIES COLLECTED TRACHYTIDAE Trägardh, 1938 Trachytes aegrota (C.L. Koch, 1841) LOCALITIES: VS-18, BE-5, NE-2, GL-1, SG-3, GR-7 (deposited in MHNG and HNHM). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. Trachytes lamda Berlese, 1904 LOCALITY: NE-2 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. POLYASPINIDAE Berlese, 1917 Polyaspinus cylindricus Berlese, 1916 LOCALITIES: GL-1, GE-10 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. Polyaspis sansonei Berlese, 1916 LOCALITY: TI-39, GE-10 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Germany, Italy, Poland, Slovakia. TREMATURIDAE Berlese, 1917 Trichouropoda ovalis (C. L. Koch, 1839) LOCALITIES: GL-1, SH-2, JU-1, TI-39 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. Trichouropoda elegans (Kramer, 1882) LOCALITY: SH-2 (deposited in MHNG)). DISTRIBUTION: Northern and Central Europe. Trichouropoda pecinai Hirschmann & Wi$niewski, 1986 LOCALITY: VS-18 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Slovakia. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. Nenteria ritzemai (Oudemans, 1903) LOCALITY: VS-12 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Netherlands, Belgium, Germany. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. URODINYCHIDAE Berlese, 1917 Dinychus perforatus Kramer, 1882 LOCALITIES: VS-18, BE-6, SH-2, VS-12, AP-3 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. 102 J. KONTSCHAN Dinychus inermis (C. L. Koch, 1841) LOCALITY: VD-7 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. Dinychus bincheaecarinatus Hirschmann, Wagrowska-Adamczyk & Zirngiebl-Nicol, 1984 LOCALITY: GL-1 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: France, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary. Dinychus undulatus Sellnick, 1945 LOCALITY: JU-1 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Germany, Poland, Romania, Russia. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. Urodiaspis tecta (Kramer, 1876) LOCALITIES: NE-2, SG-3, TG-2 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. Uroobovella pulchella (Berlese, 1904) LOCALITY: GL-1 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. Uroobovella minima (C.L. Koch, 1841) LOCALITY: BE-8 (deposited in MHNOG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. TRACHYUROPODIDAE Berlese, 1917 Oplitis franzi Hirschmann & Zirngiebl-Nicol, 1969 LOCALITY: BE-8 (deposited in MHNG)). DISTRIBUTION: From Spain to Poland. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. UROPODIDAE Berlese, 1900 Neodiscopoma pulcherrima (Berlese, 1903) LOCALITIES: VS-9, TI-38, GL-1, SH-2, TI-39 (deposited in MHNG)). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. Cilliba cassidea (Hermann, 1804) LOCALITIES: BE-6, BE-5, NE-2, SH-2 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. UROPODINA FROM SWITZERLAND 103 Cilliba erlangensis Hirschmann & Zirnbiegl-Nicol, 1969 LOCALITIES: NE-2, JU-1 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Germany, Poland, Russia, Czech Republic, Hungary. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. Uropoda minima Kramer, 1882 LOCALITIES: SG-3, TG-2 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. Uropoda orbicularis (Müller, 1776) LOCALITY: GR-7 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe. DISCOURELLIDAE Baker & Wharton, 1952 Discourella cordieri (Berlese, 1916) LOCALITIES: VS-9, LU-4, SH-2, GE-10, TI-39 (deposited in MHNOG)). DISTRIBUTION: France, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic. Discourella modesta (Leonardi, 1899) LOCALITY: VS-9 (deposited in MHNG). DISTRIBUTION: Europe to Israel. REMARK: This is the first record of this species in Switzerland. Discourella helvetica sp. n. Figs 1-10 HOLOTYPE: MHNG, without registration number; female; Switzerland, Ticino, Ascona, Monte Veritä, 450 m, from dead leaves and soil; 5.X1.1982; leg. C. Besuchet. PARATYPES: MHNG, without registration number; two females in alcohol: HNHM, with- out registration number; one female with gold-palladium coating and stored on aluminium stub: all with same data as for holotype. DIAGNOSIS: AI dorsal, marginal and postdorsal setae needle-like. Postdorsal and marginal shields lacking, postdorsal setae are placed on small platelets. Genital shield of female linguliform, situated between coxae IT and IV, with irregular pits on its sur- face and bearing a crown-like process on its anterior margin. DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE: Length of idiosoma 610-620 y m, width 430-440 y m (n=4). Body shape oval, posterior margin rounded. Dorsal aspect of idiosoma (Fig. 1): AI dorsal setae short, smooth and needle- like. Dorsal shield with irregular pits (Fig. 2), marginal shield lacking. Margins of idio- soma bearing needle-like setae. Postdorsal shield lacking, postdorsal setae similar to dorsal setae and placed on small and rounded platelets. Ventral aspect of idiosoma (Figs 3, 7): Ornamentation of sternal shield lacking, all sternal setae short, smooth and needle-like. Ventral shield bearing an irregularly formed depression near basal part of genital shield. AIT ventral setae short, smooth and needle-like. Metapodal lines well developed, surface near metapodal lines (Fig. 10) and between metapodal lines covered by large irregular pits (Fig. 11), central part of ventral shield without sculptural pattern. Stigmata situated near coxae III. Peritremes straight. Genital shield of female linguliform, placed between coxae IT and IV, with small irregular pits and with crown-like process on its anterior margin (Fig. 8). 104 J. KONTSCHAÂN 6 _4 5 FiGs 1-6 Discourella helvetica n. sp., female holotype. (1) Body in dorsal view. (2) Ornamentation of dorsal shield. (3) Body in ventral view. (4) Ventral view of gnathosoma. (5) Epistome. (6) Chelicera. Scale bars: 100 ym (1, 3), 20 ym (2, 4-6). Gnathosoma (Figs 4, 9): Corniculi horn-like, internal malae long and apically serrate. Hypostomal setae: h1 long, smooth, setiform bearing spines basally; h2 0.25% of h1, smooth and setiform; h3 two times longer than h2 and apically bifurcated; h4 as long as h2, their margins serrate. Epistome basally serrate and apically pilose (Fig. 5). Tritosternum with narrow basis, apically subdivided into three visible branches. Chelicerae without nodes, fixed digit longer than movable digit (F1g. 6). UROPODINA FROM SWITZERLAND 105 FIiGs 7-11 Scanning micrographs of Discourella helvetica n. Sp., female paratype. (7) Body in ventral view. (8) Genital region. (9) Ventral view of gnathosoma. (10) Ornamentation on lateral side of body. (11) Body in lateral view. Scale bars: 100 ym (7, 11), 20 pm (8-10). Legs. Coxae of legs ornamented with alveolar pits, surface of other leg segments smooth. All legs bearing ambulacral claws and smooth and needle-like setae. Male, nymphs and larva unknown. ETYMOLOGY: The species name, an adjective, refers to the Latin name of Switzerland (Helvetia). REMARKS: The new species belongs to the stammeri-species group (see Hirschmann 1972). Four known species were previously placed in this group; their 106 J. KONTSCHAN common character 1s the absence of the marginal shield. Only one of these species is known from Europe (D. stammeri Hirschmann & Zirngiebl-Nicol, 1969), one species was described from Japan (D. fumiakii Hiramatsu, 1980), another one was found in Mongolia (D. kaszabi Hirschmann, 1972), and the occurrence of the fourth species (D. eustructura Hirschmann, 1972) is unknown. The most important differences between these four species and the new species are summarized in Table 1. TABLE 1. Distinguishing characters of the species in the Discourella stammeri species group D. helvetica D.stammeri D. kaszabi D. eustructura D. fumiakii Depression present absent absent absent present near basal part of genital shield Ornamentation pits with pits with reticulate reticulate pits with of dorsal irregular alveolar surface surface irregular shield shape shape shape Dorsal and smooth and smooth and apically smooth and apically marginal setae needle-like needle-like pilose needle-like pilose REFERENCES BÜHLMANN, À. 1980. Gangsystematische Darstellung von Uroobovella jerzyi n. sp. (Acari: Uropodina). International Journal of Acarology 6(4): 301-308. HIRSCHMANN, W. 1972. Gangsystematik der Parasitiformes, Teil 114. Adulten-Gruppen und Rückenflächenbestimmungstabelle von 34 Discourella-Arten (Uropodini, Uropodinae). Acarologie. Schriftenreihe für Vergleichende Milbenkunde 19: 26-29. HIRSCHMAN, W. 1978. Gangsystematik der Parasitiformes, Teil 273. Stadien von 3 neuen Trichouropoda-Aïrten aus der Verwandtschaft um 7richouropoda obscura (C.L.Koch, 1836) aus Kanada, Mexiko und der Schweiz (Trichouropodini, Uropodinae). Acarologie. Schriftenreihe für Vergleichende Milbenkunde 24: 43-45. KARG, W. 1989. Acari (Acarina), Milben Unterordnung Parasitiformes (Anactinochaeta), Uro- podina Kramer, Schildkrôtenmilben. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 67: 1-203. KONTSCHAN, J. 2008. Magyarorszäg korongatkäi (Acari: Mesostigmata: Uropodina). (Turtle mites of Hungary (Acari: Mesostigmata: Uropodina). Allattani Kôzlemények 93(1): 3-15. MASAN, P. 2001. Mites of the cohort Uropodina (Acari, Mesostigmata) in Slovenska. Anno - tationes Zoologicae et Botanicae 223: 1-320. SCHWEIZER, J. 1922. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der terrestrischen Milbenfauna der Schweiz. Ver - handlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 33: 23-111. SCHWEIZER,, J. 1949. Die Landmilben des Schweizerischen Nationalparks, 1. Teil, Parasiti- formes Reuter 1909. Ergebnisse der Wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung des Schweïzer- ischen Nationalparks 2(21): 1-99. SCHWEIZER,, J. 1957. Die Landmilben des Schweizerischen Nationalparks. Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen des schweïizerischen Nationalparks 4(37): 11-107. SCHWEIZER,, J. 1961. Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Alpen, Jura). Parasitiformes Reuter. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 84: 1-201. STACHOWIAK, M., HALLIDAY, B. & BEOSZYK, J. 2008. Review of the genus Cilliba von Heyden (Acari: Uropodina: Cillibidae). Zootaxa 1881: 1-42. WISNIEWSKI, J. 1993. Gangsystematik der Parasitiformes, Teil 549. Die Uropodiden der Erde nach zoogeographischen Regionen und Subregionen geordnet (mit Angabe der Lande). Acarologie. Schriftenreihe fiir Vergleichende Milbenkunde 40: 221-291. REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 107-147; mars 2011 Revision of the Neotropical types of Megarthrus Curtis, 1829 and description of two new species from Costa Rica and Peru (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae) Giulio CUCCODORO Muséum d'histoire naturelle C. P. 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland. E-mail: giulio.cuccodoro@ ville-ge.ch Revision of the Neotropical types of Megarthrus Curtis, 1829 and description of two new species from Costa Rica and Peru (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae). - The nine Megarthrus taxa hitherto described from the Neotropics are revised, and two new species are described from Costa Rica (M. bierigi sp. n.) and Peru (M. machu sp. n.). Megarthrus solitarius adelphus Bierig 1s raised to species level (M. adel- phus Bierig stat. nov.). Lectotypes are designated for M. inaequalis Bierig, M. mammiger Bierig, M. mastiger Bierig, M. solitarius Sharp, M. solitarius adelphus Bierig and M. zunilensis Sharp. These eleven species are described, and their diagnostic characters are figured. The diversity of the genus in the Neotropics is briefly discussed. Keywords: Taxonomy - Mexico - Central America — South America - diversity. INTRODUCTION The subfamily Proteininae is a group of rove-beetles with a predilection for cool and moderate climates. It is distributed worldwide, with the notable exception of Madagascar, it currently contains 5 subtribes, 11 genera and 196 species. Four of these tribes (8 genera and 9 species) occur only in New Zealand, Australia, New Caledonia and southern Chile, while the fifth and most derived one (Proteinini) is distributed predominantly in the northern hemisphere. Megarthrus Curtis, 1829, with some 139 species described, is by far the most diverse genus of the subfamily. It 1s also the only genus of Proteinini occuring south of the equator, where it is usually confined to montane habitats. The presence of Megarthrus in the Neotropics was for the first time reported by Sharp (1887), who described M. solitarius and M. zunilensis, from Guatemala. Bernhauer (1929) described M. altivagans, from Mexico. Later Bruch (1940) described the Argentinian M. ogloblini, and Bierig (1940) added five new taxa from Central America (1.e. M. flavosignatus, M. inaegualis, M. mammiger, M. mastiger, and M. solitarius var. adelphus). Except for a brief comment on the amazingly close phylo - genetic relationships between M. inaequalis and the M. auricola-group from New Guinea (Cuccodoro, 1998), nothing has been published on the topic since. Their main Manuscrit accepted le 29.10.2010 108 G. CUCCODORO diagnostic features (1.e. genitalia and male secondary characters) have never been illustrated. I have examined the primary types described from this region, and the species they represent are redescribed below. In addition, two new species are described: one collected by Bierig 1s from Costa Rica, and the second, from Peru, is the largest Megarthrus currently known. These species are 1llustrated, and their presumed affi- nities are briefly discussed. They represent however not even the quarter of the species of Neotropical Megarthrus T recognized in the collections examined (see section Discussion). The remaining new species and identification keys will be dealt with in separate papers. MATERIAL AND METHODS For detailed examination, specimens were dissected, cleared in 0.1 N potassium hydroxide and mounted in Canada balsam on acetate slides. Drawings were made using a drawing tube mounted on a compound microscope. The term frons, as used in the present study, refers to the area anterior to the U-shaped impression, the vertex to the area behind. Abdominal sternites and tergites are counted from the first morphological segment. I have examined over 800 Neotropical Megarthrus. Only 67 specimens could be assigned to one of the nine species previously described. The label data of the types are reproduced verbatim between “ ”, with additional information pertaining to labels, or locality in [ ]. À slash / separates different labels. New data are given in standard format, With major administrative units in English and names of collectors in ( ). The material studied is deposited in the following collections: BMNH = Natural History Museum, London; CNCI = Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa; FMNH = Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago; MHNG = Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Geneva; MLPA = Museo de La Plata, La Plata; SEMC = Snow Entomological Museum, Lawrence. TAXONOMY The species treated below all have the eyes srongly convex to hemispherical with the upper margin sinuate in dorsal view, the occiptal ridge indistinct, the antennae with the scape not compressed and without patches of sensillae on the flabellum, the third maxillary palpomeres subcylindrical, the protrochanters without transverse ridge, the metasternum with postmesocoxal ridge arcuate in the middle, and the elytral apical margin slightly arcuate or straight near suture, the latter weakly arcuate toward obtuse apical angle. In order to keep the text more concise, these features are not repeated in the desriptions below. Megarthrus adelphus Bierig stat. nov. Figs 10, 12-20 Megarthrus solitarius adelphus Bierig, 1940: 377. TYPE MATERIAL: Lectotype (©, in FMNH): “Carpintera, 6.viii.39. Costa Rica [hand - written] / Typus”.— Paralectotypes (2 % 9 ): same data as lectotype, but “Paratypus”, in FMNH, and MHNG by present designation. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 109 DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 10. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.3-1.4 mm; maximal pronotal width = 0.9-1.1 mm. Body dark brown with appendages slightly paler; antennomeres 11 paler than antennomeres 1-10. Dorsal pubescence fairly uniform, denser on head and pronotum than on elytral disc; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae slightly arcuate, recumbent; metasternal pubescence fairly uniform, as long as or longer than that of prosternum; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform; that on sternites IV-VIT uniform. Frons, pronotum, elytra and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granulation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; metasternum with granulofossu- lation becoming denser and finer posteriomedially. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely carinate, evenly arcuate in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc strongly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression deep in middle, shallow laterally. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 12) 2.3-2.5 times as long as pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 19) with center strongly convex in frontal view; disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior margin, posterior margin and posterior portion of medial groove; the latter slightly arcuate in lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, with a discal pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent. Scutellum with anterior margin rounded, posterior margin slightly arcuate toward acutely angular apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 10); humeral callus low, moderately convex:; disc with low swellings, moderately depressed posteriorly along lateral edge; the latter finely carinate, indistinctly denticulate, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. Abdominal sternites II and IIT with medial processes as in Fig. 20, posterior portion of process of sternite IT trifid. Male: Unknown. Female: Abdominal tergite VIII (Figs 16, 17) lacking medioapical projection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 18. Genital segments as in Figs 13-15; gonocoxal plate bearing a mediodorsal ridge. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species is known only from Costa Rica. According to the original description, the types were collected by A. Bierig at 1800 m from sifted leaf litter near a fallen tree in a forest (together with the holotype Of M. flavosignatus). COMMENTS: Megarthrus adelphus, M. bierigi, M. inaegualis, M. machu and M. mastiger share a laterobasally broadly notched pronotum. Among these species, M. adelphus is easily distinguished the lateral contour of its pronotum forming four denticles. Megarthrus altivagans Bernhauer, 1929 Figs 1,21-38 Megarthrus altivagans Bernhauer, 1929: 187. TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype (%, in FMNH): “Mex. Desierto de los Leones, 20.vii.24, Dampf [handwritten] [handwritten underneath the card: esiero Leones 23. Dampf] / wald. 3- 4000m, in rotgelbem Blätterpilz. [handwritten] / un. F. 247 Desierto 20/vii.24, rotgelbem Blätterpilz [handwritten] / Megarthrus altivagans Brnh. Typus unic [handwritten]”. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: MEXICO, Jalisco, E slope of Nevado de Colima, 19mi W Alenquique <103°36'W; 19°32'N> ca. 3000m, 20-21.ix.1973 (Newton) 547Cs, #73-1125, ex 110 G. CUCCODORO squid carrion trap in A/nus Woodland, 1 & in FMNH and 1 ® in MHNG:; same data, but ca. 2400m, 21.ix.1973, berlese, ex mixed hardwood pine forest, 1 © in FMNH; same data, but 21-22.ix.1973, on gilled mushrooms, 1 © in FMNH. - Mexico, Volc. Popocatépetl, Km 10, ca. 3000m, 9.v.1971 (Campbell), 1 4 in CNCI. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 1. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.4-1.7 mm; maximal pronotal width = 0.9-1.1 mm. Body dark brown with appendages slightly paler. Dorsal pubescence uniform; medial frontal directed backward; elytral and pronotal pubescence slightly arcuate, recumbent; metasternal pubescence becoming sparser posteriomedially and longer anteriorly, shorter than prosternal pubescence; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform. Frons and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granulation fine, with granula lower than half of their diameter. Pronotum, elytra and lateral portions of metasternum granulo- fossulate; posteriomedial portion of metasternum impunctate. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter not carinate; mesal portion of disc weakly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression shallow. Temples nearly flat in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 30) 1.9-2.1 times longer than pro- notum. Pronotum (Fig. 37) with center moderately convex in frontal view: disc shallowly depressed along lateral edges; medial groove nearly straight in lateral view, shallow, parallel-sided; hypomera without discal ridge, nor pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent. Scutellum with anterior margin fairly right-angled in midile and posterior margin slighly arcuate toward acutely angular apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 1); humeral callus oboslete; disc with very low swellings, nearly flat posteriorly along lateral edge; the latter finely carinate, finely denticulate, nearly straight in dorsal view. Abdominal sternites II and III with medial processes as in Fig. 38, posterior portion of process of sternite III straight. Male: Anterior frontal edge raised in middle, horn-like. Protarsomeres 1 bearing tenent setae. Metafemora about as long as mesofemora (Fig. 29). Metatibiae (Fig. 23) longer than mesotibiae (Fig. 24). Metatarsomeres 1 shorter than combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a double row on mesotrochanters (Fig. 29) and mesotibiae, in a single row on metatibiae, and absent from pro- trochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters and metafemora. Pubescence on sternites IV-VII becoming denser posteriomedially. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 27-28. Sternite VIII as in Fig, 26. Hemitergites IX as in Fig. 25. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 21-22. Female: Anterior frontal edge evenly arcuate in dorsal view. Abdominal tergite VIN (Figs 35-36) lacking medioapical projection. Pubescence on sternites IV-VII uniform, except for a pair of subapical macrosetae on each sternite. Sternite VII as in Fig. 34. Genital segments as in Figs 31-33; gonocoxal plate lacking mediodorsal ridge. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species 1s from Mexico, where it occurs in the vicinity of Mexico city (Parque Nacional Desierto de Los Leones and Parque Nacional Ixtaccihualtl-Popocatépetl) and about 450 km west in the Parque Nacional Nevado de Colima. Megarthrus altivagans has been collected in mixed hard- wood pine forests and A/nus woodlands at elevations ranging from 2400-4000 m by REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 111 sifting forest litter, in gilled mushrooms, and using squid carrion traps. Two large oval eggs (0.8 x 0.3 mm) were found in the abdomen of the holotype. COMMENTS: Megarthrus altivagans is so far the only Neotropical Megarthrus having the frontal setae directed backward and bearing adhesive setae on the first pro- tarsomeres in the male. Also, the medially raised, horn-like frontal margin in the male is distinctive. It strongly resembles M. ashei Cuccodoro & Lôbl, 1996, from the Rocky Mountains of Arizona and New Mexico, which has a slightly different aedeagus and the frons unmodified in the male. Megarthrus bierigi Sp. n. Figs 7, 39-56 TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype (G , in SEMC): COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Monteverde Biol. Res. trail near lab, 1550m, 21-22.v.1993 (Michalski) ex flight intercept trap. — Paratypes (13): same data as holotype, 2 ? © in MHNG and SEMC; same data, but 26-28.v.1993, 2 9? in SEMC. — Same data, but 1-2.vi.1993, 2 G 4 in SEMC and 1 4 in MHNG. — Same data, but 1620m, 25.vi.1990 (Roberts) ex flight intercept trap, 1 9 in MHNG. - COSTA RICA, Alajuela, Peñas Blancas, 1420m, 20.v.1989 (Ashe, Leschen & Brooks) #274, ex flight intercept trap, 1 d in SEMC. — San Isidro, La Estrella, 16.x.1941 (Bierig) 1 4 and 3 ? ? in FMNH [mislabelled types of M. inaequalis Bierig]. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 7. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.3-1.4 mm; maximal pronotal width = 0.9-1.1 mm. Body dark brown with appendages slightly paler; antennomeres 11 paler than antennomeres 1-10. Dorsal pubescence fairly uniform, denser on head and pronotum than on elytral disc; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae slightly arcuate, recumbent; metasternal pubescence fairly uniform, as long as or longer than that of prosternum; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform; that on sternites IV-VIT uniform. Frons, pronotum, elytra and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granulation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; metasternum with granulofossu- lation becoming denser and finer posteriomedially. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely carinate, weakly arcuate in middle and laterally oblique in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc strongly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression deep in middle, shallow laterally. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 51) 2.3-2.5 times longer than pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 56) with center strongly convex in frontal view; disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior margin, posterior margin and posterior portion of medial groove; the latter slightly arcuate in lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, with a discal pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent. Scutellum with anterior margin rounded and posterior margin slighly arcuate toward acutely angular apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 7); humeral callus raised, forming a blunt longi- tudinal ridge; disc with low swellings, moderately depressed posteriorly along lateral edges; the latter finely carinate, indistinctly denticulate, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. Abdominal sternites 2 and 3 with medial processes as in Fig. 54, posterior portion of process of sternite 3 widened. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (Fig. 43) as long as metafemora (Fig. 45). Mesotibiae (Fig. 42) shorter 112 G. CUCCODORO than metatibiae (Fig. 43). Metatarsomeres 1 about as long as combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on mesotrochanters (Fig. 43), grouped in a field on mesotibiae and metatibiae, and absent from pro- trochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters and metafemora. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 44, 47. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 46. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 39, 40. Female: Abdominal tergite 8 (Figs 53, 55) lacking a medioapical projection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 52. Genital segments as in Figs 48-50; gonocoxal plate bearing a mediodorsal ridge. ETYMOLOGY: The species is named after its first collector, Alejander A. Bierig, San Pedro de Montes de Oca. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species is apparently restricted to Costa Rica, where it was collected at elevations ranging from 1400-1600 m using flight intercept traps. COMMENTS: From the Neotropical Megarthrus possessing a conspicuous humeral callus (M. bierigi, M. inaequalis and M. mammiger), M. bierigi can be easily distinguished by 1ts lack of elytral discal humps. See comments under M. adelphus. Megarthrus flavosignatus Bierig, 1940 Figs 5, 57-68 Megarthrus flavosignatus Bierig, 1940: 378. TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype (4, in FMNH): “Carpintera, 6.viii.39, Costa Rica [hand- written] | Typus”. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: Same data as holotype, but 16.vi.1940, 1 4 in MHNG. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 5. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.3-1.4 mm; maximal pronotal width = 0.9-1.1 mm. Body dark brown wih appendages shightly paler; antennomeres 10-11 paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pubescence denser on head and pronotum than on elytral disc, becoming denser along medial groove of pronotum and on anterior portion of elytral disc; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae slightly arcuate, recumbent; metasternal pubescence becoming denser anteriorly and medially, as long as or longer than that of prosternum; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform; that on sternites IV-VIIT uniform. Frons, pronotum, lateral portion of elytral disc and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granulation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; central, adsutural and posterior area of elytral disc punctate, coarsely; metasternum coarsely granulofossulate. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely evenly carinate, nearly straight in middle and laterally oblique in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc strongly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression shallow. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 61) 2.1-2.3 times longer than pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 68) with center strongly convex in frontal view; disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior and posterior margins; medial groove slightly arcuate in lateral view, deep, narrowed in middle; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, disc without pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent, or absent. Scutellum with anterior margin rounded and posterior margin slighly arcuate toward right-angled apex. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 113 Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 5); humeral callus low, moderately convex; disc with low swellings, moderately depressed posteriorly along lateral edges; the latter very finely carinate, finely denticulate, slightly sinuate in dorsal view. Abdominal sternites II and III with medial processes as in Fig. 66, posterior portion of process of sternite IT straight. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemorar (Fig. 62) as long as metafemora. Mesotibiae (Fig. 60) shorter than meta- tibia (Fig. 59). Metatarsomere 1 about as long as combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on mesotrochanters (Fig. 62) and meso- tibiae, arranged in double row on metatibiae, and absent from protrochanters, pro- femora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters and metafemora. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 63, 67. Sternite 8 as in Figs 64-65. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 57-58. Female: Unknown. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species is known only from the type locality in Costa Rica. According to the original description, A. Bierig collected the holotype at 1800 m from sifted leaf litter of a fallen tree in forest (together with the types of M. adelphus). COMMENTS: The male abdominal sternite VIIL with a pair of projecting tips of M. flavosignatus is particularly notable. This feature 1s shared only with M. zunilensis, which has different male sexual characters. See comments under M. zunilensis. Megarthrus inaequalis Bierig, 1940 Figs 8, 69-86 Megarthrus inaequalis Bierig, 1940: 379. TYPE MATERIAL: Lectotype (4, in FMNH): “Vara Blanca, viii.38, Costa Rica [hand- written] / Typus”.— Paralectotypes (2): same data as lectotype, but “Paratypus”, 1 in MHNG and 1 © in FMNHI, by present designation. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Monteverde Biol. Res., trail near lab, 1550m, 21-22.v.1993 (Michalski) ex flight intercept trap, 1 & and 1 ? in SEMC; same data, but 25.v.1993, 2 9 © in MHNG and SEMC; same data, but 26-28.v.1993, 2 © © in MHNG and SEMC; same data, but 30.v.1993, 1 © in SEMC; same data, but near Quebrada cuecha, on Sendero Rio, 1580m, 13.v.1989 (Ashe, Leschen & Brooks) #163, ex Xylaria, 1 $ in SEMC; same data, but 1500m, 1-4.vi.1979 (Campbell) 1 & in CNCI. DESCRIPTION. Habitus as in Fig. 8. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.3-1.5 mm; maximal pronotal width = 0.9-1.0 mm. Body dark brown with appendages slightly paler; antennomeres 10-11 paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pubescence fairly uniform, denser on head and pronotum than on elytral disc; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae slightly arcuate, semi-erect; metasternal pubescence becoming denser posteriomedially, as long as or longer than that of prosternum; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform; that on sternites 4-7 uniform. Frons, pronotum, elytra and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granu- lation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; meta- sternum with granulofossulation becoming finer posteriomedially. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely evenly carinate, weakly arcuate in middle and laterally oblique in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc 114 G. CUCCODORO slightly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression in middle deep, shallow laterally. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 78) 2.1-2.3 times longer than pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 85) with center strongly convex in frontal view; disc deeply de- pressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior and posterior margins; medial groove slightly arcuate in lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, with a discal pit. Prosternal medial ridge present anteriorly, fine. Scutellum with anterior margin rounded and posterior margin slighly arcuate toward acutely angular apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 8); humeral callus raised, forming a blunt longi- tudinal ridge: disc with low anterior adsutural hump and conspicuous posterior adsutural hump, shallowly depressed posteriorly along lateral edges; the latter very finely carinate, moderately denticulate, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. Abdominal sternites II and III with medial processes as in Fig. 86, posterior portion of process of sternite III widened. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (Fig. 77) as long as metafemora. Mesotibiae (Fig. 72) shorter than meta- tibiae (F1g. 71). Metatarsomeres 1 about as long as combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on metatibia, grouped in a field on mesotrochanters (F1g. 77) and mesotibiae, and absent from protrochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters and metafemora. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 73, 75, 76. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 74. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 69, 70. Female: Abdominal tergite VIII (Figs 83-84) lacking medioapical projection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 82. Genital segments as in Figs 79-81; gonocoxal plate bearing a mediodorsal ridge. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species is apparently restricted to Costa Rica, at elevations ranging between 1500-1800 m. According to the original description, A. Bierig collected the types in shrubs bordering a primary forest at an elevation of 1800 m between Volcanoes Barba and Poäâs. Additional specimens were collected in Xylaria (fungi) or using flight intercept traps. COMMENTS: Megarthrus inaequalis and M. mammiger are the only Neotropical members of the genus bearing conspicuous posterior adsutural humps. These two species can be easily distiguished by the shape of the pronotum, which is broadly notched laterobasally only in M. inaequalis. The diagnostic shape of the male abdo - minal tergite VIII of M. inaegualis is also particularly notable. See comments under M. adelphus and M. bierigi. Megarthrus machu sp. n. Figs 11,87-104 TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype (4 , in SEMC): PERU, Cuzco Dept., Pillahuata, Manu Rd. Km 128,27.ix.1982 (Watrous & Mazurek) #82-308, ex vine litter. — Paratypes (4): same data as holotype, 1 $ in FMNH; same data, but 26.ix.1982, #82-301,2 © © in FMNH and MHNG: same data, but 25.ix.1982, #82-290, on tent. 1 £ in FMNH. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 11. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 2.1-2.3 mm; maximal pronotal width = 1.5-1.6 mm. Body dark brown with appendages REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 115 and elytra slightly paler; antennomeres 10-11 paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pubescence fairly uniform, denser on head and pronotum than on elytral disc; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae fairly straight, recumbent; meta- sternal pubescence fairly uniform, shorter than prosternal; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, becoming denser near posterior margin of tergite VII. Frons, humeral callus of elytra and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granulation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; pronotum granulofossulate; metasternum with granulofossulation becoming denser and finer posteriomedially; elytral disc coarsely punctate. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge. the latter finely evenly carinate, weakly arcuate in middle and laterally oblique in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc strongly evenly convex lateral view: U-shaped frontal impression deep. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 98) 2.3-2.6 times longer than pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 97) with center strongly convex in frontal view; disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edge, shallowly depressed along anterior and posterior margins, medial groove slightly arcuate 1n lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, disc without pit. Prosternal medial ridge entire. Scutellum with anterior margin angulate in middle and posterior margin slighly arcuate toward obtusely angular apex. Elytra abruptly widened subbasally (Fig. 11); humeral callus low, moderately convex; disc with low swellings, deeply depressed along lateral edge: the latter finely carinate, markedly denticulate, strongly arcuate in dorsal view. Abdominal sternites II and III with medial processes as in Fig. 96, posterior portion of process of sternite IIT widened, or trifid. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (F1g. 90) as long as metafemora (Fig. 89). Mesotibiae (Fig. 94) shorter than metatibiae (Fig. 95). Metatarsomeres 1 about as long as combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on mesotrochanters (Fig. 90), grouped in a field on mesotibiae and metatibiae, and absent from pro- trochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters (Fig. 89) and metafemora. Pubescence on sternites IV-VII becoming denser posteriomedially. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 91, 93. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 92. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 87-88. Female: Pubescence on sternites IV-VIT uniform, except for a pair of subapical macrosetae on each sternite. Abdominal tergite VIII (Figs 102-103) without medio- apical projection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 104. Genital segment as in Figs 99-101; gono- coxal plate bearing a mediodorsal ridge. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: Megarthrus machu is know only from the type locality in Peru (Pillahuata <3° 7'S; 71° 25 W>), which is situated at an elevation of nearly 2500 m just below a patch of forest. It was found in vine leaf litter, and showed good ability to fly (one specimen was found on a tent). COMMENTS: Within Neotropical Megarthrus, M. machu is easily distinguished by its abruptly and broadly expanded elytra. Exceeding 4 mm in length (when measured from the middle of the frontal margin to the tip of the abdomen), it is the largest species of Proteininae of the world. See comments under M. adelphus. 116 G. CUCCODORO Megarthrus mammiger Bierig, 1940 Figs 2, 105-123 Megarthrus mammiger Bierig, 1940: 375. TYPE MATERIAL: Lectotype (4, in FMNH): “Vara Blanca, viii.38, Costa Rica [hand- written] / Typus”.— Paralectotype (1 © , in FMNH): same data as lectotype, but “Paratypus”, by present designation. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: COSTA RICA, Hwy #2, km 93 <83°45'W; 9°36'N> 3200m, iv.1985 (Goulet & Masner), 1 & in CNCI. -— Puntarenas, Monte Verde, Cerro Amigos, 1780m, 21.v.1989 (Ashe, Brooks & Leschen) flight intercept trap, #315, 1 & and 1 ® in SEMC. - Volc. Irazü, 2800m, 18.1.1940 (Bierig), 1 & in MHNG. — El Jardiü, ca. 3000m, 19.v.1944 (Bierig), 1 & in FMNH. - San Isidro de il Tajar, ca. 1500m, 19.v.1944 (Bierig), 1 $ in MHNG. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 2. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.8-1.9 mm; maximal pronotal width = 1.3 mm. Body dark brown with appendages and elytra slightly paler; antennomeres 10-11 paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pu- bescence fairly uniform, denser on head and pronotum than on elytral disc; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae fairly straight, recumbent; meta- sternal pubescence fairly uniform, shorter than prosternal; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform. Frons, anterior portion of prohypomera, humeral callus and lateral area of elytral disc granulate; frontal granulation inconspicuous, with granula about as high as half of their diameter; pronotum granulofossulate; metasternum with granulofossulation becoming finer posteriomedially; adsutural half of elytral disc punctate. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely evenly carinate, weakly arcuate in middle and laterally oblique in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc strongly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression deep in middle, shallow laterally. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 115) 2.3-2.6 times longer than pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 123) with center strongly convex in frontal view; disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior and posterior margins; medial groove nearly straight in lateral view, deep, somewhat narrowed in middle; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, disc without pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent. Scutellum with anterior margin angulate in middle and posterior margin slighly arcuate toward right-angled apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 2); humeral callus raised, forming a blunt long:- tudinal ridge; disc with low anterior and posterior adsutural humps, moderately depressed posteriorly along lateral edge; the latter finely carinate, finely denticulate, nearly straight in dorsal view. | Abdominal sternites II and III with medial processes as in Fig. 120, posterior portion of process of sternite III trifid. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (Fig. 111) as long as metafemora (Fig. 110). Mesotibiae (Fig. 107) shorter than metatibiae (Fig. 108). Metatarsomeres 1 about as long as combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on mesotrochanters (Fig. 111), mesotibiae and metatibiae, absent from protrochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters metatrochanter (Figs 109-110) and metafemora; meta- trochanters with a projecting process. Pubescence on sternites IV-VII becoming denser posteriomedially. Apex of abdominal tergite VIIT as in Figs 113, 114. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 112. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 105-106. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS Pi7 Female: Pubescence on sternites IV-VIT uniform, except for a pair of subapical macrosetae on each sternite. Abdominal tergite VIII (Figs 121-122) without medio- apical projection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 119. Genital segments as in Figs 116-118; gonocoxal plate bearing a mediodorsal ridge. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species is known only from Costa Rica, where it was found at elevations ranging from 1500-3200 m. According to the original description, À. Bierig collected the types between the Volcanoes Barba and Poäs, at 1800 m in cow dung and in dead bamboo leaves. COMMENTS: Among the Neotropical Megarthrus possessing a conspicuous humeral callus (see comments under M. bierigi), M. mammiger can be easily recognised by its laterobasally shallowly emarginated pronotum. See also comments under M. inaequalis and M. mastiger. Megarthrus mastiger Bierig, 1940 Figs 9, 124-142 Megarthrus mastiger Bierig, 1940: 376. TYPE MATERIAL: Lectotype (4, in FMNH): “Vara Blanca, viii.38, Costa Rica [hand- written]”. Paralectotypes (4): Same data as lectotype, 2 & 4 and 2 © ? in FMNH and MHNG, by present designation. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Monte Verde, 1520m, 14.v.1989 (Ashe, Brooks & Leschen) flight intercept traps, #177, 1 © in SEMC. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 9. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.5-1.7 mm; maximal pronotal width = 1.0-1.1 mm. Body dark brown with appendages slightly paler; antennomeres 10-11 paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pubescence uniform, frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae fairly straight, recumbent; metasternal pubescence uniform, shorter than prosternal; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform; that on sternites IV-VIT uniform, except for a pair of subapical macrosetae setae on each sternite. Frons, pronotum, elytra and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granulation inconspicuous, with granula about as high as half of their diameter, or higher; pronotum granulofossulate; meta - sternum with granulofossulation becoming finer posteriomedially. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely evenly carinate, evenly arcuate in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc strongly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression deep in middle, shallow laterally. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 137) 2.2-2.4 times longer than pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 141) with center moderately convex in frontal view; disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior margin, posterior margin and posterior portion of medial groove; the latter nearly straight in lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, with a discal pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent. Scutellum with anterior margin subangulate in middle and posterior margin strongly arcuate toward obtusely angled apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 9); humeral callus low, moderately convex; disc with low adscutellar hump, shallowly depressed posteriorly along lateral edge; the latter finely carinate, finely denticulate, somewhat sinuate in dorsal view. 118 G. CUCCODORO Abdominal sternites IT and III with medial processes as in Fig. 142, posterior portion of process of sternite II straight. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (Fig. 128) shorter than metafemora (Fig. 130). Mesotibiae (Fig. 127) shorter than metatibiae (Fig. 126). Metatarsomeres 1 somewhat shorter than combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on meso- trochanters (Fig. 128), grouped in a field on mesotibiae and metatibiae, and absent from protrochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters (Figs 130, 133) and metafemora. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 129, 131. Sternite VII as in Fig. 132. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 124-125. Female: Abdominal tergite VIII (Figs 139-140) lacking a medioapical pro- jection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 138. Genital segments as in Figs 134-136; gonocoxal plate lacking a mediodorsal ridge. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species is known only from Costa Rica, where it was found at elevations ranging between 1500 and 1800 m. According to the original description, A. Bierig collected the types between the Volcanoes Barba and Poäs, at 1800 m in cow dung and decaying leaves of shrubs at forest margins. COMMENTS: The species differs from all the other Neotropical Megarthrus by the particularly narrow mediobasal projection af the abdominal sternite VIII. The presence of a small projecting process on the metatrochanter in the male is only shared with M. mammiger, Which differs notably from M. mastiger by the lateral contour of the pronotum, and by the presence on the female of a mediodorsal ridge on the gono- coxal plate. See comments under M. adelphus. Megarthrus ogloblini Bruch, 1940 Figs 4, 143-153 Megarthrus ogloblini Bruch, 1940: 113. TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype (4 , in MLPA): “Loreto, Misiones, Rep. Argentina, Dr. AA. Ogloblin [typewritten], 15.v.1934 [handwritten underneath the label] / Megarthrus ogloblini Bruch [handvwritten], C. Bruch determ. 1939 [typewritten] / Museo La Plata [typewritten] / Typus ! [handwritten |”. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 4. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.5 mm; maximal pronotal width = 1.0 mm. Body dark brown wih appendages somewhat paler; antennomeres 10-11 slightly paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pubescence fairly uniform, denser near lateral margin of elytra and somewhat longer anteriomedially on pronotum; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae slightly arcuate, recumbent; metasternal pubescence uniform, as long as or longer than that of prosternum; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel; that on sternites IV-VII uniform. Frons, pronotum, elytra and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; fron - tal granulation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; metasternum With granulofossulation becoming denser and finer posteriomedially. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge finely evenly carinate, the latter evenly arcuate in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc weakly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression deep in middle, shallow laterally. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 145) 2.4 times longer than pronotum. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 119 Pronotum (Fig. 147) with center strongly convex in frontal view: disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along posterior margin and posterior portion of medial groove; the latter slightly arcuate in lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, disc without pit. Prosternal medial ridge entire. Scutellum with anterior margin subangulate in middle and posterior margin broadly arcuate toward right-angled apex. Elytron gradually widened (Fig. 4); humeral callus low, moderately convex: disc with low swellings, shallowly depressed posteriorly along lateral edge, the latter finely carinate, indistinctly denticulate, shightly arcuate in dorsal view. Abdomal sternites II and III with medial processes similar to that in Fig. 20, posterior portion of process of sternite III widened. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (Fig. 152) shorter than metafemora (Fig. 153). Mesotibiae (Fig. 148) shorter than metatibiae (Fig. 149). Metatarsomeres 1 about as long as combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in two rows on mesotrochanters (Fig. 152), grouped in a field on mesotibiae and metatibiae, and absent from pro- trochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters and metafemora. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 150-151. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 146. Sternite IX lacking a subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 143-144. Female: Unknown. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: Megarthrus ogloblini is known only from the type locality in Argentina (Loreto <27° 18' S; 55° 32 W>), which lies at an ele- vation of nearly 200 m, near the Rio Paranä. Megarthrus ogloblini is the only Neotropical member of the genus collected below 1400 m. It is also the southernmost record of a species of Proteinini in the New World. COMMENTS: Megarthrus ogloblini differs from the other Neotropical Megar - thrus, except for M. solitarius, by the shape of the pronotum, which is shallowly emarginate laterobasally and has the lateral contours forming four denticles. It can be easily distinguished from M. solitarius by the sexual characters. Megarthrus solitarius Sharp, 1887 Figs 3, 154-170 Megarthrus solitarius Sharp, 1887: 743. TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype (© , in BMNH): “Megarthrus solitarius. Type D. S. Purula, Guatemala, Champion [Sharp's handwritting] / Purula, Vera Paz, Champion / B.C.A. Col. 1.2. Megarthrus solitarius Sharp”. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: GUATEMALA, Bja Verapaz, 8km S Purulhä, 1650m 29.vi.1993 (Ashe & Brooks) #149, ex Cecropia treefall, 2 4 4 and 2 © 9 in MHNG and SEMC. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 3. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.3-1.5 mm; maximal pronotal width = 0.9-1.1 mm. Body dark brown wih appendages slightly paler; antennomeres 10-11 paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pubescence fairly uniform, denser on pronotum than on elytra; frontal setae directed forward; elytral and pronotal setae slightly arcuate, recumbent; metasternal setae uniform, shorter than prosternal; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel; that on sternites IV-VII uniform, except for a pair of subapical macrosetae on each sternite. 120 G. CUCCODORO Frons, pronotum, elytra and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granulation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; meta- sternum with granulofossulation becoming denser and finer posteriomedially. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely evenly carinate, evenly arcuate in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc weakly evenly convex in lateral vieW; U-shaped frontal impression deep in middle, shallow laterally. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 165) 2.1-2.3 times longer than pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 169) with center moderately convex in frontal view; pronotal disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior margin, posterior margins and posterior portion of medial groove; the latter slightly arcuate 1n lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, disc without pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent. Scutellum with anterior margin subangulate in middle and posterior margin weakly arcuate toward right-angled apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 3); humeral callus low, moderately convex; disc with low swellings, moderately depressed posteriorly along lateral edge, the latter finely carinate, very finely denticulate, in dorsal view slightly arcuate. Abdominal sternites IT and III with medial processes as in Fig. 170, posterior portion of process of sternite IIT widened, or trifid. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomeres 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (Fig. 158) as long as metafemora. Mesotibiae (Fig. 159) shorter than metatibiae. Metatarsomeres 1 about as long as combined length of metatarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on mesotrochanters (Fig. 158), grouped in a field on mesotibiae, and absent from protrochanters, profemora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters, metafemora and metatibiae. Apex of abdominal tergite VII as in Figs 156, 157. Sternite VIII as in Figs 160-161. Sternite IX lacking subbasal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 154, 155. Female: Abdominal tergite VIII (Figs 166-167) with a medioapical projection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 168. Genital segments as in Figs 162-164; gonocoxal plate bearing a mediodorsal ridge. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: Megarthrus solitarius is apparently endemic to Guatemala (Dept de Baja Verapaz), where it was collected in Cecropia treefall at an elevation of 1650 m. COMMENTS: Megarthrus solitarius and M. zunilensis are apparently the only Neotropical Megarthrus With the abdominal tergite VIII forming a medioapical projection in the female. These two species differ, however, in most of the other sexual characters. See discussion under M. ogloblini. Megarthrus zunilensis Sharp, 1887 Figs 6, 171-187 Megarthrus zunilensis Sharp, 1887: 743. TYPE MATERIAL: Lectotype (& , in BMNH): “Megarthrus zunilensis. Type D. S., Cerro Zunil. Guatem., Champion [Sharp’s handwritting] | Cerro Zunil, Guatemala, Champion | B.C.A. Col. 1. 2. Megarthrus zunilensis Sharp”. — Paralectotypes (2 © © in BMNH): same data as lectotype, but “Sp. figured”; same data as lectotype, but “Cerro Zunil, 4-5000 ft., Champion”, by present designation. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 121 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Monteverde Biol. Res., ca. 1500m, 23-24.v.1979 (Campbell) 1 4 in CNCI. - GUATEMALA, Quetzaltenango, 14.2km SW Zunil, 1340m, 20.vi.1993 (Génier) ex human faeces trap, 1 9 in SEMC.- Sacatepequez, 4.5km SW san Miguel, Duenas, 1760m, 12.vi.1991 (Anderson) #91-61, ex mesic hardwoold litter, 1 G in SEMC. — Zacapa, 3.5km SE La Union, 1500m, 4.vi.1991 (Anderson) #91-50, ex cloud forest litter, 1 $ in SEMC; same data, but 23-25.vi.1993 (Brooks & Ashe) #103, ex flight intercept trap, 1 © in MHNG. —- HONDURAS, Santa Barbara, Mt. Santa Barbara, 11.5km S & 5.6km W Peñ a Blanca <14°57'N; 88°05'W> 1800m, 20.v1.1994 (Brooks & Ashe) #163,ex decaying slash, 2 66 and2 9 © in MHNG and SEMC; same data, but #164, ex treefall litter, 1 & and2 $8 in SEMC. - NICARAGUA, EI Cerro Cimborazo <13°02'N; 85°56'W> 1400m, 20.x1.1971 (Stockwell) 1 & in FMNH. DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 6. Combined length of pronotum and elytra = 1.4-1.5 mm; maximal pronotal width = 1.0-1.1 mm. Body dark brown wih appendages slightly paler; antennomeres 10-11 paler than antennomeres 1-9. Dorsal pubescence denser on head and pronotum than on elytral disc, becoming denser along medial groove of pronotum and on anterior portion of elytral disc; frontal setae directed for- ward; elytral and pronotal setae slightly arcuate, recumbent; metasternal pubescence becoming denser anteriorly, longer than that of prosternum; pubescence on abdominal tergites parallel, uniform; that on sternites IV-VII uniform. Frons, pronotum, lateral portion of elytral disc and anterior portion of prohypomera granulate; frontal granu- lation conspicuous, with granula about as high as their diameter, or higher; meta- sternum coarsely granulofossulate. Frons forming above clypeus a sharp ridge, the latter finely evenly carinate, weakly arcuate in middle and laterally oblique in dorsal view; mesal portion of disc strongly evenly convex in lateral view; U-shaped frontal impression shallow. Temples strongly convex in dorsal view. Antennae (Fig. 182) 2.1-2.3 times longer than pro- notum. Pronotum (Fig. 186) with center strongly convex in frontal view; disc deeply depressed near middle of lateral edges, shallowly depressed along anterior margin, posterior margin and posterior portion of medial groove; the latter slightly arcuate in lateral view, deep, parallel-sided; hypomera ridged from anterior margin to laterobasal angle, disc without pit. Prosternal medial ridge absent. Scutellum with anterior margin rounded and posterior margin slighly arcuate toward acutely angular apex. Elytra gradually widened (Fig. 6); humeral callus low, moderately convex; disc with low swellings, moderately depressed posteriorly along lateral edge; the latter finely carinate, indistinctly denticulate, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. Abdominal sternites II and III with medial processes as in Fig. 184, posterior portion of process of sternite III straight. Male: Frontoclypeal area not modified. Protarsomere 1 lacking tenent setae. Mesofemora (Fig. 175) as long as metafemora. Mesotibiae (Fig. 174) shorter than metatibiae (Fig. 173). Metatarsomeres 1 about as long as combined length of meta - tarsomeres 2-4. Peg-like setae arranged in a single row on mesotrochanters (Fig. 175), grouped in a field on mesotibiae and metatibiae, and absent from protrochanters, pro- femora, protibiae, mesofemora, metatrochanters and metafemora. Apex of abdominal tergite VIII as in Figs 176, 178. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 177. Sternite IX lacking sub- basal protuberance. Aedeagus as in Figs 171-172. Female: Abdominal tergite VIII (Figs 185, 187) bearing medioapical projection. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 183. Genital segments as in Figs 179-181; gonocoxal plate lacking a mediodorsal ridge. 122 G. CUCCODORO DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY: The species 1s known from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. It was collected by sifting leaf litter or using flight intercept and faeces traps in mesic hardwood forests and cloud forests at ele- vations ranging between 1300 and 3100m. It is the most widespread Megarthrus treated in this study. COMMENTS: Among Neotropical Megarthrus, M. zunilensis is particularly notable by the gonocoxal plate lacking a mediodorsal ridge in females, in combination with the frontal setae directed forward and the eleventh antennomere ovoid. The latter two characters are shared only with M. flavosignatus, of which only the male is known and which has a differently shaped aedeagus. See comments under M. flavosignatus. DISCUSSION SYSTEMATICS: The Megarthrus fauna of the Americas south of the Rio Grande is rather homogeneous. Except for the Mexican M. altivagans, all the species typically share the presence of a long prohypomeral ridge extended posteriorly to the laterobasal angle, the frontal pubescence directed forward, the terminal antennomere piriform, and the lack of adventral adhesive setae on the first male protarsomere, forming the M. in- aequalis-Supergroup. Amazingly this combination of characters is found elsewhere only in the M. auricola-group, which contains all the New Guinean Megarthrus, suggesting a close historical connection between these two faunas (Cuccodoro, 1998). Megarthrus altivagans has the frontal setae directed backward, lacks a pro- hypomeral ridge, and bears adventral adhesive setae on the first male protarsomere. This combination of characters is typical of the M. depressus-supergroup, which contains most of the Nearctic, Palaearctic and Afrotropical species of the genus. NATURAL HISTORY: The Neotropical Megarthrus appear to be confined to moun- tainous forested areas, with a marked preference for elevations ranging from 1500 to 2100 m a. s. I. Of the species treated here, nine have been collected within this altitu- dinal range, while only three were found between 1200-1500 m, and three between 2100-4000 m. They have been found on and in fungi, in carrion, leaf litter and other decaying plant debris, by sifting or by using flight interception, human faeces and squid carrion traps. AII the specimens examined possess fully developed wings, and many of them have been collected in flight. DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONAL PATTERN: Of the eleven Megarthrus species treated in this study, eight are from the mountains of Central America; the others are from Mexico (M. altivagans), northern Argentina (M. ogloblini) and Peru (M. machu). These species, however, represent only a poor fraction of the real diversity of the genus in the Neotropics. In fact, some 90% of the specimens I had on loan for the present study belong to undescribed species. In this material (mainly from CNCI, FMNH & SEMK) I recognised additional eleven species species from Mexico, eleven species from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama, and fifteen species from Bolivia, southern Brazil, Columbia, Equator, Peru and Venezuela. These species all seem to be confined to a particular mountain, or at most a mountain range. As far as can be seen at the moment, there is no shared Megarthrus species between Mexico and North America, and the faunas of Mexico, of Central America and of South REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 123 America seem also entirely distinct. Moreover, the two latter areas of endemism appear inhabited almost exclusively by species of the M. inaequalis super-group. With a total of at least forty-eight species, it appears that the diversity of Megarthrus in the Neotropics exceeds by three times that of the Nearctic realm (twelve species; Cuccodoro & Lôbl, 1996) and is even greater than that of Subsaharan Africa (forty-two species; Cuccodoro & Lôübl, 1995; Cuccodoro, 1999). Nevertheless, it remains rela- tively low compared to that of North India and Nepal (at least sixty-four species), where the genus is additionally phylogenetically much more diverse (Cuccodoro, 2003). AKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following colleagues have generously lent specimens examined in the present study: the late J. S. Ashe, SEMK, N. Diaz and L. Fernandez, MLPA, M. K. Thayer and A. F. Newton Jr., FMNH, and A. Smetana, CNCT. I also thank F. Marteau, MAHNG, for scanning the line drawings and numbering the figures. 124 G. CUCCODORO FIGs 1-6 Megarthrus, habitus. (1) M. altivagans Bernhauer, female, genital segments dissected. (2) M. mammiger Bierig, male, genital segments dissected. (3) M. solitarius Sharp, male. (4) M. ogloblini Bruch, male, holotype. (5) M. flavosignatus Bierig, male, genital segments dissected. (6) M. zunilensis Sharp, female. Scale bars = 1 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 125 è FiGs 7-11 Megarthrus, habitus. (7) M. bierigi sp. n., female, genital segments dissected. (8) M. inaequalis Bierig, female. (9) M. mastiger Bierig, female, genital segments dissected. (10) M. adelphus Bierig, female, genital segments dissected. (11) M. machu sp. n., male, holotype, genital segments dissected. Scale bars = 1 mm. 126 G. CUCCODORO 19, 20 19 12-18 FIiGs 12-20 Megarthrus adelphus Bierig; antenna (12); female, genital segments, sternites in dorsal (13) and lateral (14) views, and tergites in ventral view (15); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (16) and lateral (17) views; female, abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (18); pro - notum (19); medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (20). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 127 SSSR ! I | \ 1 1 1 ! 27 - FIGs 21-29 Megarthrus altivagans Bernhauer, male; aedeagus in ventral (21) and lateral (22) views; metat- ibia (23); mesotibia (24); abdominal hemitergite 9 (25); abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (26); apex of abdominal tergite VII in lateral (27) and dorsal (28) views; mesotrochanter and mesofemur (29). Scale bar = 0.2 mm. 128 G. CUCCODORO MAT Ur 1 MANN AR 36 31, 37, 38 37 30, 32-26 FiGs 30-38 Megarthrus altivagans Bernhauer; antenna (30); female, genital segments, tergites in ventral view (31), and sternites in lateral (32) and dorsal (33) views; female, abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (34); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIII in lateral (35) and dorsal (36) views: pronotum (37); medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (38). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 129 SR es ee © SET RH = nt __— [1 2» sy | CR ones st \®09-€ LE CA AL FiGs 39-47 Megarthrus bierigi sp. n., male; aedeagus in ventral (39) and lateral (40) views; metatibia (41); mesotibia (42); mesotrochanter and mesofemur (43); apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (44) and lateral (47) views; metatrochanter and metafemur (45); abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (46). Scale bar = 0.2 mm. 130 G. CUCCODORO 56 54 48-53, 55 56 FiGs 48-56 Megarthrus bierigi Sp. n.; female, genital segments, sternites in dorsal (48) and lateral (49) views, and tergites in ventral view (50); antenna (51); female, abdominal sternite VIIT in ventral view (52); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIIT in dorsal (53) and lateral (55) views; medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (55); pronotum (56). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 131 IT ns RIT SS SK KR 68 57, 58 FiGs 57-68 Megarthrus flavosignatus Bierig, male; aedeagus in ventral (57) and lateral (58) views; meta- tibia (59); mesotibia (60); antenna (61); mesotrochanter and mesofemur (62); apex of abdominal tergite VII in lateral (63) and dorsal (67) views; abdominal sternite VIII in ventral (64) and lateral (65) views; medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (66); pronotum (68). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. 132 G. CUCCODORO ENS fl } AP rs Un IN 1 JA VA Æ JAN A fi JS fl EX fl CE US PLUS = eue Sete" à è = — CS << aa Len . à _ Lorie le, 2 fc - Æ Tab: _ \ RUE SR el cé HS? FETE FiGs 69-77 Megarthrus inaequalis Bierig, male; aedeagus in ventral (69) and lateral (70) views; metatibia (71); mesotibia (72); apex of abdominal tergite VIIT in lateral (73), ventral (75) and posterior (76) views; abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (74); mesotrochanter and mesofemur (77). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 133 78-79, 83-84 86 NRA 85 D 80-82 FiGs 78-86 Megarthrus inaequalis Bierig; antenna (78); female, genital segments, tergites in ventral view (79), and sternites in lateral (80) and dorsal (81) views; female, abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (82); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIIT in dorsal (83) and lateral (84) views; pronotum (85); medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (86). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. G. CUCCODORO 134 Fics 87-89 Megarthrus machu sp. n., male: aedeagus (internal sac views: metatrochanter and metafemur (89). Scale bar extruded) in ventral (87) and lateral (88) 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS ARR LATE Re ns. 2 ST HAL E us a LEZ SSI ERJhÎÎÎÎÎÎÎQSS 4 [7 . «© SN 90-96 FiGs 90-97 Megarthrus machu Sp. n.; male, mesotrochanter and mesofemur (88); male, apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (91) and lateral (93) views; male, abdominal sternite VIIT in ventral view (92); male, mesotibia (94); male, metatibia (95); pronotum (97). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. 136 G. CUCCODORO FiGs 98-104 Megarthrus machu Sp. n.; antenna (98); female, genital segments, sternites in dorsal (139) and lateral (100) views, and tergites in ventral view (101); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIII in lateral (102) and dorsal (103) views; female, abdominal sternite VIIT in ventral view (104). Scale bar = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 137 ®\ DES \ HR VE p F és TT ve SS LP > CL 14/4 7 LUINY HU) (LUE in oo, os . ss Sen IRDNDÎDÎDNS ee LL] DL 108 FiGs 105-114 Megarthrus mammiger Bierig, male; aedeagus in lateral (105) and ventral (106) views; meso - tibia (107); metatibia (108); metatrochanter in mesal view (109); metatrochanter and metafemur (110); mesotrochanter and mesofemur (111); abdominal sternite VIIT in ventral view (112); apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (113) and lateral (114) views. Scale bar = 0.2 mm. 138 G. CUCCODORO 120-123 123 115-119, 121, 122 FIGs 115-123 Megarthrus mammiger Bierig; antenna (115); female, genital segments, sternites in lateral (116) and dorsal (117) views, and tergites in ventral view (118); female, abdominal sternite VII in ventral view (119) ; medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (120); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (121) and lateral (122) views; pronotum (123). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 139 D PSE 231e PAPA LÀ nr SERA CR ASCOU ove- 5 22° ‘ + > Encre) F5 27p St ÿ > 73 SR S ss SE Ce LE) ci PERS SRE al AT Pass + TS ASS 722 ? : 4) A = — 2 #" A V7 ; # v 23f2 J) ES SI FA IT LEA IK ns CA JR VX LA / 7 124-125 126-133 FiGs 124-133 Megarthrus mastiger Bierig, male; aedeagus in ventral (124) and lateral (125) views; metatibia (126); mesotibia (127); mesotrochanter and mesofemur (128); apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (129) and lateral (131) views; metatrochanter and metafemur (130); abdominal sternite VIIT in ventral view (132); metatrochanter in mesal view (133). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. 140 G. CUCCODORO 141 142 141 134-140 FiGs 134-142 Megarthrus mastiger Bierig; female, genital segments, sternites in dorsal (134) and lateral (135) views, and tergites in ventral view (136); antenna (137); female, abdominal sternite 8 in ventral view (138) ; female, apex of abdominal tergite 8 in lateral (139) and dorsal (140) views: pro- notum (141); medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (142). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 141 . et 4 rad \\ jt | 11 À jf |. 147 147 143-146 FiGs 143-147 Megarthrus ogloblini Bruch, male; aedeagus in ventral (143) and lateral (144) views: antenna (145); abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (146); pronotum (147). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. 142 G. CUCCODORO — — —_ — re. | RSS —- DR —— FiGs 148-153 Megarthrus ogloblini Bruch, male; mesotibia (148); metatibia (149); apex of abdominal tergite VIII in lateral (150) and dorsal (151) views; mesotrochanter and mesofemur (152); meta- trochanter and metafemur (153). Scale bar = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 143 AURA ( NA HA ITANATRURR PET Gel KERRA / \L! rs FiGs 154-161 Megarthrus solitarius Sharp, male: aedeagus in ventral (154) and lateral (155) views: apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (156) and lateral (157) views; mesotrochanter and mesofemur (158); mesotibia (159); abdominal sternite VIII in ventral (160) and lateral (161) views. Scale bar = 0.2 mm. 144 G. CUCCODORO 169-170 162-168 169 FIiGs 162-170 Megarthrus solitarius Sharp; female, genital segments, sternites in dorsal (162) and lateral (163) views, and tergites in ventral view (164); antenna (165); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIII in lateral (166) and dorsal (167) views; female, abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (168); pronotum (169); medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (170). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 145 FD Ÿ 1, 34 \ /° HAS 21 /J IT ds 7 À WA AN 1!) /, A re BA AE LI AFN AE À Là VA \ | 7 A \ 1Z À VAR … JZE A SN SN 7e D È t—) —_— —_—— ———_“ts FiGs 171-178 Megarthrus zunilensis Sharp, male; aedeagus in ventral (171) and lateral (172) views; metatibia (173); mesotibia (174); mesotrochanter and mesofemur (175); apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (176) and lateral (178) views; abdominal sternite VIII in ventral view (177). Scale bar = 0.2 mm. 146 G. CUCCODORO 184, 186 186 179-183, 185, 187 FiGs 179-187 Megarthrus zunilensis Sharp; female, genital segments, sternites in lateral (179) and dorsal (180) views, and tergites in ventral view (181); antenna (182); female, abdominal sternite VIII in ven- tral view (183) ; medial area of abdominal sternites II-IV (left to right, upside down) in lateral view (184); female, apex of abdominal tergite VIII in dorsal (185) and lateral (187) views; pronotum (186). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL TYPES OF MEGARTHRUS 147 REFERENCES BERNHAUER, M. 1929. Neue Staphyliniden aus Mittelamerica. Wiener Entomologishe Zeitung 46: 186-208. BIERIG, A. 1940. Proteinini (Col. Staph.) Costaricenses. Revista de Entomologia 11: 373-380. BRUCH, C. 1940. Misceläneas Entomolôgicas II. I. Coleopteros nuevos o poco conocidos. Notas del Museo de La Plata Zoologia (35): 111- 122. CuccopoRO, G. 1998. Revison and phylogeny of Megarthrus Curtis 1829 from New Guinea, New Caledonia and Fiji (Coleoptera Staphylinidae Proteininae). Tropical Zoology 11: 103-137. CuccoDboRO, G. 1999. Four new species of Megarthrus Curtis, 1829 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae) from the Bale Mountains, southern Ethiopia. Bulletin de la Société ento- mologique suisse 72: 373-386. CUCCODORO, G. 2003. A revision of Megarthrus Curtis of India, Nepal and Sri Lanka (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae) (pp. 359-455). ]n: CUCCODORO, G. & LESCHEN, R. A.B. (eds). Systematics of Coleoptera: Papers celebrating the retirement of Ivan LGbl. Memoirs on Entomology, International 17, vi +955 pp. Associated Publishers, Gainsville, Florida. CuccoDORO, G. & LÔBL, I. 1995. Revision of the Afrotropical rove-beetles of the genus Megarthrus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 102: 655-761. CuccoDoORO, G. & LÔBL, I. 1996. Revision of the rove-beetles of the genus Megarthrus of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae). Mitteilungen der Minchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft 86 145-188. SHARP, D. 1887. Staphylinidae (pp. 673-824). In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta, Coleo- ptera 1 (2). Taylor & Francis, London, XVI + 824 pp. + 18 pl. | jo DE er 3 cit et 8 ju 3 ‘E sat hriaentt Aysnéni a ARE À rit te 2 tr : Notes or nl An 66 A Eee R LS L eu) 8 0 ne 1) 1e C2 or£ l\(macéfnrt & d | L Yafln et 6 perd al: D 108 veau io x Al | trenfra À cet CE 61 ! vapotanartsmd sr : | | VAR = RE. LE ST 4 21} theft À. of) 2 cohivell | sisuhonh Nb metita Vert join Pa Sat = é ù “ ne 2 Afrbu MA eerye pitt ovine vtt me Re a per | LF +4 Re hinitinT soblnfedqnt" ,mt 2 Fly +121 34 fofralipent TROT et À ti LA 4 sé Hi. 01 té y sain 122 à an ÉOR à [VX png sh PAU dl À il Li) 1" € (UT A @ jan ne e. À À Eat + assis L " 1” =, . | DR EATCE res , n4 : e L # LP + Lp A LR F te IDE La 2 PS DEA ee VE Cu cour AD ia 1%. fées at a (A atrhatined Des LR D (case ads, Ayes dE popabel “air, vit aride dt à ln à ES 47 » 1 22 ses L LL a dé . ”_ LA LES LT TA « REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 149-155; mars 2011 Redescription and history of Vombisidris jacobsoni (Forel, 1915) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Daniela Magdalena SORGER International Research Institute for Entomology, Natural History Museum, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria. Now: Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. E-mail: dm.sorger@ gmx at Redescription and history of Vombisidris jacobsoni (Forel, 1915) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). - Vombisidris jacobsoni (Forel, 1915) is redescribed and recognized as a member of the V. australis group, as defined by Bolton (1991). A lectotype is designated. In addition, the convo- luted history of the two type specimens in the Forel Collection at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève, Switzerland 1s presented. An addi- tional paralectotype specimen from the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria”, Genova, Italy is included. Keywords: Formicidae - Formicoxenini - redescription - lectotype designation INTRODUCTION During taxonomic research work for a recent paper (Zettel & Sorger, 2010), 1 came across Bolton’s (1995, 2003) mention of the missing type material for the species Vombisidris jacobsoni (Forel, 1915) from the Forel Collection at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève. In order to study this species in more detail and to better understand its history of description, I contacted the curator of the Forel Collection, to find out whether the material considered as lost by Bolton (1995, 2003) had been returned to the collection. Luckily, it had been and therefore it was possible to borrow and study two syn- type specimens and in the process to understand not only the story of the specimens but also the appropriate placement of the species. I was also able to discover an addi- tional specimen in the collections of the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria” in Genova, Italy. The original description of this species was as Atopula jacobsoni Forel, 1915. It was transferred to Leptothorax a year later (Forel, 1916) and after some initial specu - lation about its generic combination by Bolton (1995), it was finally transferred to Vombisidris by Bolton (2003), even though types were not available for examination at the time. Originally, Vombisidris was placed in the myrmicine tribe Leptothoracini Emery, 1914 which was later recognised as a junior synonym of Formicoxenini Forel, 1893 (Bolton, 2003). Manuscript accepted 15.07.2010 150 D. M. SORGER HISTORY OF TYPE SPECIMENS When Forel (1915: 25-27) originally described Vombisidris jacobsoni as Atopula jacobsoni, he initially expressed some doubt about the correct generic combi- nation of this species and also of Atopula ceylonica (Emery, 1901), now Paratopula ceylonica: “Ich hatte damals aus der A. ceylonica einen Leptothorax gemacht (von Taylori For.). Ich bin jetzt noch nicht überzeugt, dass diese Art, und vor allem die À. jacobsoni von Leptothorax generisch zu unterscheiden sei. Wenn aber Letztere ein Leptothorax ist, muss ceylonica ebenfalls dazu gezogen werden.” [Translation: Back then I had made a Leptothorax (from Taylori For.) of À. ceylonica. 1 am still not con- vinced this species and, especially, À. jacobsoni are generically separable from Leptothorax. Xf, however, the latter 1s a Leptothorax, then À. ceylonica also needs to be placed in Leptothorax.] (Forel, 1915: 27). Therefore, it Was not surprising that Forel readily accepted Emery’s suggestion [in litt.] to place the species in Leptothorax just a year later (Forel, 1916: 458): “M. Emery m'écrit qu'il considère mon Afopula Jacobsoni (Fauna simalurensis 1915, page 25) comme Leptothorax. Je suis d’accord (voir ibidem page 27), ...” [Translation: M. Emery wrote me that he believes my Atopula Jacobsoni (Fauna simalurensis 1915, page 25) to be a Leptothorax. T am in agreement (see 1bidem page 27), |]. Emery (1924: 250) placed V. jacobsoni in the subgenus Leptothorax (Goniothorax) Emery, 1896 (today a junior synonym of Nesomyrmex W. M. Wheeler, 1910; see Bolton, 2003): “Espèce d’Asie 11. L. jacobsoni (Forel), Tijdschr. V. Ent. Vol. 58, p. 25 (1915) $ (Aropula). Sumatra.” When Bolton (1995: 240) published “A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World”, the type material from the Forel Collection was missing. The catalogue en- try reads: “Atopula jacobsoni Forel, 1915a: 25 (w.) SUMATRA. Combination in Leptothorax: Forel, 1916: 458 (in text); in L. (Goniothorax): Emery, 1922f: 250. [Note. This may be a Vombisidris species; holotype is currently missing from Forel Collection.]|”. Eight years later, Bolton (2003: 272) finally transferred the species into Vombisidris, saying after his discussion of Nesomyrmex: “Taxon excluded from the above jacobsoni, which from the original description is probably a Vombisidris species (holotype is missing; see Bolton, 1995b: 240). Combination of this is provisionally Vombisidris jacobsoni (Forel) comb. n.”. When Bernhard Merz (Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève) informed me that the specimens were returned to the Forel Collection and available for loan, I decided to borrow them and investigate their cryptic identity. Having examined the missing specimens Ï can now confirm Bolton’s suspicion — there is no doubt this species belongs in Vombisidris. 1 can also resolve the whereabouts of the type specimens. Quite surprisingly, I found a label with the correct combination already on the pin while examining the labels of the specimens in the Forel Collection — “Vombisidris jacobsoni (FOREL), Det: 1995 A. Francoeur”. I immediately contacted Prof. André Francoeur (University of Québec at Chicoutimi) who provided extracts from the notes he had made on the Forel collection. Thanks to Prof. Francoeur’s kind cooperation, I ascertained that in 1995 Prof. Francoeur found the specimens in the collection under Goniothorax and concluded that they neither belong to Leptothorax nor Nesomyrmex and labelled them as “Vombisidris jacobsoni” at a later stage of his research VOMBISIDRIS JACOBSONI 151 (Francoeur, in litt.). So it seems that, while Prof. André Francoeur was studying bor- rowed specimens from the Forel Collection, Barry Bolton was working on “A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World” (1995) and therefore, could not find the missing type specimens in the Forel Collection. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens are dry mounted on card squares. Examination of all three spe- cimens was carried out with an Olympus SZH10 Research Stereo binocular micro- scope; measurements were taken at magnifications of 25x and 70x. Digital photo- graphs were taken with a Leica DFC490 camera attached to a Leica MZ16 binocular microscope with the help of Image Manager IM50 and processed with the software Helicon Focus 4.80 and Adobe Photoshop 7.0. Terminology and method of description largely follow Bolton (1991), most measurements and indices follow Bolton (1983) (as done by Bolton, 1991). AI measurements are in millimetres. Measurements and indices (* after Bolton, 1983): TL* Total Length. Total outstretched length of ant from mandibular apex to gastral apex. HL* Head Length. Length of head proper, excluding mandibles, measured in full face view from mid-point of anterior clypeal convexity to mid-point of occipital margin. HW* Head Width. Maximum width of head, in full-face view measured behind eyes (excluding eyes). CI* Cephalic Index. HW/HL x 100 EL Eye length. Length of maximum eye diameter in lateral aspect of head. EI Eye Index. EL/HW x 100 SL* Scape Length. Maximum straight line length of antennal scape excluding basal constriction or neck close to condylar bulb. SF Scape index. SL/HW x 100 PW* Pronotal Width. Maximum width of pronotum in dorsal view. AL* Alitrunk Length. Diagonal length of alitrunk in profile, from the point at which the pronotum meets the cervical shield to posterior base of metapleuron. FL Hind femur Length. Maximum length of metafemur. FI Hind femur Index. FL/HW x 100 S YSTEMATIC PART Vombisidris jacobsoni (Forel, 1915) Figs 1-5 TYPE MATERIAL: 1 lectotype worker (upper specimen), 1 paralectotype worker (lower specimen) labelled “Type”, “Aropula\ Jacobsoni\ $ Type For.”, “27\ No 15\ Sinabang\ (Simalur\ Sumatra\ I 1913\ (E. Jacobson)” [= leg. Edw. Jacobson], “sp. A. Jacobsoni For”, “Vombisidris\ jacobsoni\ (FOREL)\[on backside:] Det: 1995\ A. Francoeur”, “LECTOTYPE\ Aropula jacob- soni\ FOREL, 1915\ des. D.M. Sorger 2010”, “PARALECTOTYPE\ Aropula jacobsoni\ FOREL, 1915\ D.M. Sorger 2010”, “Vombisidris\ jacobsoni (Forel)\ det. D.M. Sorger 2010”, specimens glued on two squared card boards on the same pin, in coll. Forel at MHNG (Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève), Switzerland. — 1 paralectoype worker labelled “Cotypus”, “Aropula\ Jacobsoni\ $ Type For\ Simalur”, “SYNTYPUS\ Atopula\ Jacobsoni\ A. Forel, 1915”, “MUSEO GENOVA\ coll. C. Emery\ dono 1925”, “PARALECTOTYPE\ Aropula jacobsoni 152 D. M. SORGER FIG 1 Vombisidris jacobsoni, lectotype worker from Sumatra, Simalur, in the Forel Collection of the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève. Habitus, dorsal view. © www.antbase.net, published with permission. FOREL, 1915\ D.M. Sorger 2010”, “Vombisidris\ jacobsoni (Forel)\ det. D.M. Sorger 2010”, glued on a squared card board, in coll. Emery at Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria”, Genova, Italy. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Sumatra, Simalur Island (alternative spelling: Simeulue), Sinabang (capital city) (2° 29’ 0” N, 96° 22° 30" E, Google Earth) DESCRIPTION OF WORKER: À species of the genus Vombisidris as defined by Bolton (1991), with the following characters. Colour of entire body light brown to yellow (two type specimens almost entirely light brown, one type specimen almost entirely yellow). Femora and tibiae lighter than rest of body (whitish yellow except for infuscated bases) (figs 1, 2, 3). Entire body with short thick, blunt (abruptly truncated apically) setae (some setae on postpetiole even slightly clavate); distinctly shorter setae on head (fig. 3), longer and finer setae on scapes (fig. 4). In addition, some fine, short scattered appressed hairs on gaster. Head, dorsum of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole with distinct rugoreti - culum. Spaces between costulae mostly smooth and shiny. Pronotum angulate, cervical shield with a few longitudinal ridges overlaying granulate microsculpture (figs 1, 2). Sides of mesosoma with some rugae overlaying microsculpture (fig. 3). Dorsum of petiolar peduncle with very finely reticulate sculpture. Gaster slightly depressed in lateral aspect, smooth and shiny, some short striae at base of tergite 1 (figs 1,2, 3). VOMBISIDRIS JACOBSONI FIGs 2-5 Vombisidris jacobsoni, paralectotype worker from Sumatra, Simalur in the Forel Collection of the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève. (2) Habitus, dorsal view. (3) Habitus, lateral view. (4) Head, full face view. (5) Labels of lectotype and paralectoype workers (on one pin). © www.antbase.net, published with permission. 154 D. M. SORGER Head slightly longer than wide, sides behind eyes feebly convergent (fig. 4). Eyes protruding and relatively large (EI 24, 25) containing 8-10 ommatidia in longest row. Clypeus strongly convex in lateral aspect (fig. 3), in full face view its anterior margin covered by its convexity (fig. 4). Subocular groove complete, from mandibular insertion backwards to latero-occipital margin. Mandibles smooth with some fine short hairs, hair pits indistinct (fig. 4). Dorsal and lateral faces of mesosoma forming an angle, mesosoma broadest at outer pronotal angles, continuously becoming narrower towards propodeum in dorsal aspect (maximum pronotum width ca. twice maximum propodeum width), sides feebly concave (figs 1, 2), dorsum evenly convex in lateral aspect, metanotal groove absent (fig. 3). Propodeum in dorsal aspect slender (figs 1,2); spiracle situated below level of spines (fig. 3). Propodeal spines long, slightly down- curved in lateral aspect (fig. 3), curved inwards in dorsal aspect (figs 1,2). Petiole (figs 1, 2,3) with long peduncle bearing a pair of teeth in front of spiracle; anterior and dorsal face of node separated by a transverse ridge forming a blunt angle in lateral aspect, ventrally with anterolateral small teeth. Postpetiole in dorsal aspect (figs 1, 2) subtrapezoidal, widest anteriorly. Legs relatively short (FL < HW), femora and tibiae conspicuously thickened (figs 1, 2, 3). MEASUREMENTS: Lectotype worker (coll. Forel): TL 3.8; HL 0.86; HW 0.81; CI 95; EL. 0.20; ET 25; SL 0.60; SI 74: PW 0.59; AE T1.20/F00/79;Fr9%;parnlectonne worker 1 (coll. Forel): TL 2.8; HL 0.81; HW 0.73: CI 90: ELO.17Z EI24 SEO0 SE SI 75; PW 0.51; AL 1.09; FL 0.70; FI 96; paralectotype worker 2 (coll. Emery): TL 3.7; HL 0:83; AW 0.80; CI 97; EL0:20;E125; SL 0:60; SP75: PWID'60 API EU F9 NOTES: In Bolton’s (1991) key V. jacobsoni reaches couplet 3 where a short metafemur contradicts the absence of a metanotal groove. Following Bolton’s (1991: 5) species-group descriptions, V. jacobsoni belongs to the V. australis group: “V. aus- tralis-group. Subocular groove complete. Legs and antennae relatively short. Metanotal groove vestigial to absent. À convenience-group to hold species not fitting any of the above groups [Other species groups in Vombisidris are: V. bilongrudi-group, V. philax-group and V. dryas-group, see Bolton (1991).]. Includes australis, harpeza, occidua.”. Vombisidris australis (Wheeler, 1934) differs from V. jacobsoni in size (small- er), presence of mesonotal suture (although indistinct) and shape and length of propodeal spines (shorter, blunt); V. harpeza Bolton, 1991 differs from it in head shape (sides behind eyes approximately parallel) and presence of metanotal groove (although almost obliterated); and V. occidua Bolton, 1991 differs in size (larger), occurrence of basigastral costulae (vestigial) and colour (head and mesosoma dark brown, gaster lighter brown, legs yellow) (see Wheeler, 1934; Bolton, 1991). In Forel’s (1915: 27) original description of V. jacobsoni, he mentions the smallest specimen to be paler than the rest and wonders about its maturity. Even though, it is impossible to know whether I have seen all specimens Forel based his original description on (since he does not mention the total number of specimens studied), I believe the aforementioned specimen to be the one I examined and photographed as the paralectoype in the Forel Collection (figs 2-4). Total Length of specimen deviates from Forel’s original description — probably due to differences between my measurement technique and that of Forel. VOMBISIDRIS JACOBSONI 120 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Bernhard Merz (Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève) for loaning the type specimens from Forel’s collection and Dr. Fabio Penati (Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria”, Genova) for providing an addi- tional type specimen. My sincerest thanks to Prof. André Francoeur (University of Québec at Chicoutimi) who kindly provided me with some of his notes in regard to the specimens from the time when he studied the Forel Collection. Acknowledgements are given to Barry Bolton and one anonymous reviewer for comments on the manuscript. Further thanks to Mag. Dominique Zimmermann and Manuela Vizek (Natural History Museum Vienna) for some enlightening help with the decipherment of labels. Special thanks to Mary Fran Wiley for translation advice and to Prof. Rob Dunn (North Carolina State University) for linguistic review. Last but not least, I would like to thank Dr. Herbert Zettel (Natural History Museum Vienna) for providing valuable comments which improved earlier versions of the manuscript — and for being an altogether out- standing teacher. REFERENCES BOLTON, B. 1983. The Afrotropical dacetine ants. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 46: 267-416. BOLTON, B. 1991. New myrmicine ant genera from the Oriental Region (Hymenoptera: Formi - cidae). Systematic Entomology 16: 1-13. BOLTON, B. 1995. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. 504 pp. BOLTON, B. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 71: 370 pp. EMERY, C. 1924. Hymenoptera, Fam. Formicidae, subfam. Myrmicinae. Genera Insectorum 174C: 207-397. FOREL, À. 1915. Fauna Simalurensis. Hymenoptera Aculeata, Fam. Formicidae. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 58: 22-43. FOREL, À. 1916. Fourmis du Congo et d'autres provenances récoltées par MM. Hermann Kohl, Luja, Mayné, etc. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 24: 397-460. WEHEELER, W. M. 1934. An Australian ant of the genus Leptothorax Mayr. Psyche 41: 60-62. ZETTEL, H. & SORGER, D. M. 2010. On the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Philippine Islands: V. The genus Vombisidris Bolton, 1991. Entomologica Austriaca 17: 37-44. ua | g Gaiféu Da pp RAP nl APR SÉTie FRE ES cs LR FAITES Fe LITT PEINE Ve ER LPS RON GMA Mhatrt ART AN ASRE fi oAt et TOI df so MATE TN AUD PRIE COLA EU. AS RE TRS » : Ve) L I n } LICRE " Foires ÿ ne entre l | » é Ar OL Qu L'ILE j L'urdtad tort ii finies te en - * roi CAP, 1 | | a tt Lite uËt © CM MER } 1 *AMUN qu L LI { nr bre) 174 y a” PL "y re HONIUNTT M ty : re Ets Vous 5, à “mio d'en me ir | + au sh sine tente A UREUR LU #0" nue serre 08 D Acsi56tl m0 SDS NRA D. \ À INR RU ÉMMONt EAN #F hvitier DENT VA, cop IN f'anmim “ 0074 is dr vite JMrE | aie (tuute) (rie IPS V'heshor. 1% flogites, RO 2 Tori etre D PRE. ren De 08 ex) MN nb site À fa En TERRES Lo ne be dti c'e "tte 14 = ‘2e + dormant con ee Re POP aptes 0 17e coeur An bi Fosc) ( bieethne À PPS + + se es jar: dev c.fiub Eurele eriginèl défesipin pu ver dsl sai à ad int PA D - 7 a où LL ») nl av REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 157-173; mars 2011 Note sur la systématique de quelques espèces du genre Prosymna Gray, 1849 en Afrique au Nord de l’équateur (Serpentes, Prosymnidae) Laurent CHIRIO!, Ivan INEICH!, Andreas SCHMITZ? et Jean-François TRAPE* l Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle Département de Systématique et Evolution (Section Reptiles) UMR 7205 CNRS «Origine, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité» C.P. n°30 - 25, rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France. E-mail: Ichirio@hotmail.com, ineich@mnhn.fr 2 Muséum d'histoire naturelle de la ville de Genève Département d’Herpétologie et Ichthyologie CP 6434 CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland. 3 Laboratoire de Paludologie et Zoologie Médicale UMR URMITE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement B.P. 1386, Dakar, Sénégal. Note sur la systématique de quelques espèces du genre Prosymna Gray, 1849 en Afrique au Nord de l’équateur (Serpentes, Prosymnidae). - Les importantes variations de coloration et d’écaillure chez Prosymna meleagris ont conduit à la description de nouveaux taxons, qui ont ensuite été placés en synonymie. Des collectes intensives réalisées au Cameroun nous ont permis de mettre en évidence une corrélation entre ces variations et leur répartition géographique. Nous avons rassemblé le matériel disponible dans les musées et les nombreuses collectes nouvelles que nous avons effectuées en Afrique occidentale et centrale pour mener parallèlement une analyse de la coloration, de l’écaillure et une analyse ADN. Nous montrons ainsi l’existence, dans trois types de milieux clairement différenciés, de trois taxons distincts: deux de rang spécifique, un de rang subspécifique. Mots-clés: Prosymna meleagris - Prosymna greigerti - Prosymnidae - Afrique - savane. SUMMARY: Important coloration and scalation variations in Prosymna meleagris made herpetologists describe some new taxa, which were later synonymised. Intensive collections and field observations in Cameroon allowed us to reveal a correlation between these variations and geographic repartition. We examined museum material together with our numerous new collects from West and Central Africa: coloration, morphometric, scalation, and molecular data were collected to compare their variations. This study allowed us to show the existence of three distinct taxa, which occupy three different biotopes : two with specific rank and one with subspecific rank. Keywords: Prosymna meleagris - Prosymna greigerti - Prosymnidae - Africa - savanna. Manuscript accepted 11.10.2010 158 L. CHIRIO ET AL. INTRODUCTION Les serpents du genre Prosymna Gray, 1849 forment un groupe remarqua- blement homogè ne, aux affinités encore obscures. Nocturnes et fouisseurs, ils sont ovipares et semblent se nourrir essentiellement des œufs d’autres reptiles. De récentes analyses phylogénétiques les ont d’abord situés au sein des Colubridae parmi les Colubrinae (Cadle, 1994), ou alors à proximité des Pseudoxyrhophiinae (Nagy et al., 2005). Plus récemment, Kelly ef al. (2009) ont montré que ce genre, qui ne présente de liens clairs avec aucun autre groupe parmi les Elapoidea, doit être placé dans une famille particulière, celle des Prosymnidae. La systématique du genre a fait l’objet de plusieurs études (Chabanaud, 1916; Loveridge, 1958: FitzSimons, 1959) dont la dernière et la plus complète est celle de Broadley (1980). Ce dernier auteur, après avoir examiné près de 900 spécimens provenant de toute l’Afrique subsaharienne, reconnaît alors dans le genre 18 taxons répartis en 14 espèces (Broadley 1980, 1992, 1995). II distingue une seule espèce en Afrique de l'Ouest, P. meleagris (Reinhardt, 1843) qui se différencie des autres espèces du genre par la combinaison des caractè res suivants: une seule internasale (sauf cas exceptionnel), 5 supralabiales, écailles dorsales lisses portant 2 fossettes apicales, 136-165 ventrales chez les 6 &,153-187 chez les 9 ©. Broadley (1980) distingue deux sous-espèces au sein de P. meleagris, qu'il différencie essentiellement par leurs décomptes de ventrales: - P. meleagris meleagris (Reinhardt, 1843): 136-150 ventrales chez les G à, 153-168 chez les 9 9; - P. meleagris greigerti Mocquard, 1906: 149-165 ventrales chez les dd, 166-187 chez les 9 ©. Il reconnaît enfin un troisième groupe d'individus, qu'il considère comme intermédiaires entre les 2 sous-espèces («P. m. meleagris + P. m. greigerti»), avec les décomptes de ventrales suivants: 145-153 ventrales chez les & 4, 162-172 chez les © 9.Il note que certains des spécimens de ce groupe intermédiaire présentent le patron de coloration décrit par Sternfeld (1908) dans sa description de P. collaris: «this consists on a U-shaped white marking bordering the parietals (this may be broken mesially or reduced to a pair of white postparietal blotches), then a broad black cross- band on the neck, followed by a narrow white crossband. The black crossband usually continues across the throat in the form of about nine brown ventrals». D'autres spé - cimens de ce troisième groupe ont la coloration typique de P. m. greigerti; Broadley place donc P. collaris en synonymie de P. m. greigerti, en précisant que «until more material is available from northern Togo, the syntypes of variety collaris are best re- garded as P. m. meleagris + P. m. greigerti intergrades». Au cours de nombreuses recherches de terrain en Afrique centrale de 1990 à 2001, puis en Afrique de l’Ouest de 2004 à 2010, l’un de nous (L. Chirio) a récolté 45 nouveaux spécimens du groupe Prosymna meleagris s.L., qui sont ou qui seront tous déposés dans les collections du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris: la mise en évidence d’une relation étroite entre le patron de coloration des individus et leur origine géographique (Chirio & Ineich, 2006; Chirio & LeBreton, 2007) nous a SYSTÉMATIQUE GENRE PROSYMNA 159 conduits à entreprendre un examen approfondi pour comparer les spécimens de Prosymna meleagris 5.1. disponibles dans les principales collections muséologiques européennes et africaines, ce qui constitue l’objet de la présente publication. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES Au cours de ce travail nous avons examiné 349 spécimens, provenant de toute l’aire de répartition de Prosymna meleagris s.[.; ces spécimens sont déposés dans les collections des établissements suivants: British Museum de Londres, Royaume-Uni (BMNH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique de Ouagadougou, Burkina-Faso (HV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, France (MNHN), Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale de Tervuren, Belgique (MRAC), Zoologisches Museum der Universität von Berlin, Allemagne (ZMB), Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark (ZMUC); de nombreux spécimens des collections particulières de L. Chirio et de J.-F. Trape ont également été examinés (ceux-ci seront déposés ultérieurement au MNHN). Les caractères étudiés ont été essentiellement ceux proposés par Broadley (1980); cependant, nous en avons éliminé 4 qui ne concernaient que des espèces bien particulières du genre Prosymna: la forme de la rostrale et le contact préfrontale/1Ère supralabiale, qui permettent de distinguer P. visseri de toutes les autres espèces du genre; le nombre d’infralabiales (8 en général dans le genre), qui permet de distinguer P. frontalis (9 en moyenne) et P. visseri (7 en moyenne); la présence de carènes dorsales, spécifique de P. janii. Nous avons également éliminé quatre caractères délicats à appréhender pour une distinction facile des taxons: la dentition, difficile à observer à cause de la petite taille des individus; la distance cœur/foie, qui nécessite la dissection de l’animal; la forme des hémipénis, difficile à observer sur des spécimens naturalisés; le caryotype, qui nécessite des spécimens vivants et le recours à un cytogénéticien. Les caractères retenus pour notre étude ont donc été les suivants: coloration: nombre d’internasales; nombre de postoculaires; formule temporale; nombre de supra- labiales; nombre de fossettes apicales sur les écailles du dos; nombre de fossettes api- cales sur les écailles de la queue; nombre de rangs d’écailles dorsales; niveau de réduction des rangs de dorsales de 17 à 15; nombre de ventrales; nombre de sous- caudales. Enfin, nous avons ajouté à cette liste deux nouveaux caractères: le nombre de préoculaires, et le rapport longueur du corps/longueur de la queue. Pour estimer le degré de divergence des séquences d’ADN entre les différentes formes de coloration du complexe P. meleagris s.L., l’un d’entre nous (A. Schmitz) a utilisé des échantillons de tissus des trois formes meleagris (2), greigerti (1) et collaris (1) (JF340122 - JF340125). L'analyse a porté sur un fragment de 550 paires de bases (incluant d'éventuelles délétions) du gène mitochondrial de l’ARNTr 16$. Nous avons ajouté comme témoin pour notre analyse la séquence homologue d’un membre de l’espèce congénérique sud-africaine Prosymna visseri (GenBank AY188072). Les méthodes ont été celles utilisées par Schmitz ef al. (2005) et Chirio et al. (2008). Les séquences ont été alignées en utilisant le logiciel ClustalX (Thompson ef al., 1997: paramètres par défaut) et traitées manuellement en utilisant les données de chromato - 160 L. CHIRIO ET AL. graphie originales du programme BioEdit (Hall, 1999). Nous avons utilisé BioEdit et PAUP* 1.0b10 (Swofford, 2002) pour corriger les distances entre toutes les séquences étudiées. RÉSULTATS L'examen des 349 spécimens du complexe d’espèces Prosymna meleagris disponibles dans les collections étudiées a permis de distinguer trois grands groupes d’après la coloration: grossièrement, le premier groupe (forme meleagris sensu stricto) est caractérisé par une coloration uniforme, roussâtre pointillée de blanc sur le dos et blanchâtre sur le ventre (Fig. 1); le deuxième groupe (forme greigerti) est caractérisé par une coloration uniforme grisâtre pointillée de blanc sur le dos, la face ventrale blanchâtre présentant un large collier gulaire sombre (Fig. 2); enfin, le troisième groupe (forme collaris) est caractérisé par la présence d’une large selle noire entourée de 2 colliers blancs sur la nuque, suivie d’une coloration dorsale grisâtre pointillée de blanc et, sur la face ventrale, d’un collier gulaire sombre contrastant avec un ventre blanc (Fig. 3). L'analyse des caractères d’écaillure retenus n’a montré aucune variation impor- tante pour les neuf caractères suivants: nombre d’internasales: toujours une, sauf 2 chez le type de P. m. greigerti; nombre de préoculaires: 1, très rarement 2; nombre de postoculaires: 1, très rarement 2; formule temporale: 1+2 (très rarement 1+1,2+2 ou 2+3): nombre de supralabiales: toujours 5; nombre de fossettes apicales sur les écailles du dos: toujours 2; nombre de fossettes apicales sur les écailles de la queue: 2, rarement 3 ou 4; nombre de rangs d’écailles dorsales: toujours 17: réduction des rangs de dorsales: 17 (rarement 19) au niveau de la dixième ventrale, 15 au niveau de la centième ventrale, 13 (rarement 14) au niveau de la plaque anale. On n’observe donc de variations importantes que pour les trois caractères suivants: - nombre de ventrales: il varie entre 132 et 190, avec un fort dimorphisme sexuel: d’une façon générale, le nombre de ventrales est plus élevé chez les femelles que chez les mâles. On dénombre: - 132 à 167 ventrales chez la forme meleagris, avec 132 à 147 ventrales chez les 4 6 (m= 140,3 +6,45; n=16) et 147 à 167 chez les $ $ (m= 157,4 +6,91; n=19); - 144 à 190 ventrales chez la forme greigerti, avec 144 à 159 ventrales chez les 4 6 (m= 152 +5,3: n=38)et 159:à 190 chez. les 29 (m=172:+6;72:1n=-50); - 147 à 188 ventrales chez la forme collaris, avec 147 à 164 ventrales chez les 4 6 (m= 154 +4,65; n=32) et 168 à 188 chez les ? 9 (m=174,1+5:94 7); SYSTÉMATIQUE GENRE PROSYMNA 161 ° nombre de sous-caudales: il varie entre 17 et 41, avec un fort dimorphisme sexuel: d’une façon générale, le nombre de sous-caudales est plus élevé chez les mâles que chez les femelles. On dénombre: - 17 à 36 sous-caudales chez la forme meleagris, avec 27 à 36 sous-caudales chez les 6 & (m= 31,5 +2,42; n=16) et 17 à 23 chez les $ $ (m = 20,7 +1,13; n=19); - 19 à 41 sous-caudales chez la forme greigerti, avec 28 à 41 sous-caudales chez les 4 & (m = 34,6 +2,28; n=38) et 19 à 26 chez les $ $ (m = 22,7 +2,52; n=57); - 20 à 37 sous-caudales chez la forme collaris, avec 30 à 37 sous-caudales chez Eté (m—-34+119:n-32)et20 à 26 chez les 9 © (m = 23,5 +1,54; n=37). ° rapport longueur du corps/longueur de la queue: 1l varie entre 4,05 et 16,47, avec un fort dimorphisme sexuel: d’une façon générale, ce rapport est plus faible chez les mâles que chez les femelles. Il varie entre: - 5,28 et 13,12 chez la forme meleagris, avec 5,28 à 7,25 chez les & 4 (m = 6.00 20,56: n=16) et 8,38 à 13,12 chez les £ $ (m = 11,12 +1,32; n=19); - 4,86 et 16,47 chez la forme greigerti, avec 4,86 à 7,82 chez les 4 4 (m=6,02 +0 6 n—0)et 55841647 chezles ? ? (m=1i1.35+1,28: n=57); - 405 et 12,78 chez la forme collaris, avec 4.05 à 7,87 chez les & & (m = 6,13 +1,11; n=32) et 9,28 à 12,78 chez les $ ® (m = 11,11 +0,86; n=37). On constate que, pour les individus d’un même sexe, la forme meleagris se distingue des formes greigerti et collaris par un nombre de ventrales et de sous- caudales en moyenne plus faible. Les deux formes greigerti et collaris, par contre, ne peuvent pas être clairement distinguées par des caractères d’écaillure. Le rapport longueur du corps/longueur de la queue ne permet pas de distinguer clairement les trois formes étudiées. En ce qui concerne l’analyse génétique, alors que les séquences obtenues avec les deux individus du groupe meleagris se sont révélées totalement identiques, on constate de très nettes différences entre ce groupe et les deux autres formes, avec les pourcentages de différences suivants: 3,7% entre les formes meleagris et greigerti, 3,5% entre les formes meleagris et collaris, 1,3% entre les formes greigerti et collaris. La comparaison des 3 formes du complexe meleagris s. [. avec l’espèce sud-africaine P. visseri a donné les pourcentages de différences suivants: 8,6% pour la forme melea- gris, 8,8% pour la forme greigerti et 9% pour la forme collaris. Les distances génétiques mises en évidence à l’intérieur du complexe P. melea- gris s. |. Sont significatives et démontrent clairement que les trois formes de coloration correspondent à trois taxons distincts. Les valeurs obtenues concordent avec les résultats obtenus chez d’autres espèces de reptiles d'Afrique occidentale et centrale (Mausfeld ef al., 2004; Schmitz ef al., 2005; Chirio ef al., 2008). Les distances géné- tiques mises en évidence entre ces trois taxons sont cependant plus faibles que celles qui les séparent de l’espèce sud-africaine congénérique P. visseri: cela prouve que les 162 L. CHIRIO ET AL. trois formes attribuées à l’espèce P. meleagris s. [. sur la base de caractères mor- phologiques et de leur répartition (Broadley, 1980) sont des taxons étroitement apparentés, et descendent probablement d’un ancêtre commun direct. Avec 3,6% de différences en moyenne, P. meleagris et P. greigerti doivent être considérées comme deux espèces à part entière. La distance génétique séparant la forme collaris de la forme greigerti étant inférieure à la moitié de celle qui sépare la forme meleagris des deux autres, 1l semble préférable de considérer la forme collaris comme une sous- espèce de P. greigerti. Ce découpage taxonomique apparaît dans les deux ouvrages les plus récents (Trape & Mané, 2006; Chirio & LeBreton, 2007), inspiré par les premiers résultats non publiés de la présente étude. INVENTAIRE SYSTÉMATIQUE Prosymna meleagris (Reinhardt, 1843) Fig. 1 Calamaria meleagris Reinhardt, 1843: 238. Temnorhynchus meleagris Peters, 1875: 198. Prosymna meleagris meleagris Loveridge, 1958: 145. MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ Sénégal: Bandia (Coll. Trape 0352S, 0393S). — Bignona (MNHN 19620558). — Boughari, Casamance (BMNH 1968.1227-30). — Dakar (Coll. Trape 3418S). — Dielmo (Coll. Trape 3418S).— Djibonker (Coll. Trape 3418S). — Keur Bakar Mané (Coll. Trape 0451S).- Keur Gadyji (Coll. Trape 1022S).— Keur Seny Gueye (Coll. Trape 2270S).- Mahamouda Chérif (Coll. Trape 6527S, 7082S, 7341S, 8227S). — Mbao (Coll. Trape 0145S). — Niakhar (Coll. Trape 6036$). — Tabi, près de Bignona (MNHN 1962.0558). — Yene (Coll. Trape 76305). Guinée : Mt Kakoulima, 50 Km au Nord de Conakry (MNHN 19620344). — Foulaya (Coll. Trape 0178G). — Kalékouré (Coll. Trape 0705G,0715-16G). — Kilissi (Coll. Trape 0075G, 0082G, 0360G, 0403G, 0407G, 0410-11G). — Kindia (Coll. Trape 0036G, 2664-65G). — Lanta (Coll. Trape 0097B, 0102B). — Tembaya (Coll. Trape 0057G). Côte D'ivoire: Nord de Bouaké (MNHN 1987.1777-78). — Lamto (MNHN 1977.0380- 82; MNHN 19959414: MNHN 20010630). — Ouassou Baoulé (MNHN 8514); route de Dabakala à Toumodi (MNHN 1908.0062). Ghana: sans localité précise [lectotype] (ZMUC/R 601018). Togo: Fazao (Coll. Trape 0117-22T). — Lac Togo (MNHN 19890272). — Sodo-Zion (Coll. Trape 0078T). Bénin: Agouagou, 150 Km de Porto-Novo (MNHN 1916.0175-76). Nigeria: Keana (BMNH 1927.11.19.7). — Bodagri, Lagos (BMNH 1913.7.21.1-2. — BMNH 89.12.16.109). - Makurdi (BMNH 137.12.4.45). - Mutum Biu (BMNH 1916.11.6.11). Cameroun: Nseh, Sud de Furu-Awa (Coll. Chirio 4542X). TYPE ET LOCALITÉ TYPE: ZMUC/R 60618, lectotype décrit en 1843 par Reinhardt comme Calamaria meleagris, étiqueté «Guinée» = côte du Ghana (Hughes & Barry, 1969). IDENTIFICATION: coloration du dos uniforme de la nuque à la queue: chaque écaille dorsale, brun roussâtre, présente une tache apicale blanche; toutes les ventrales présentent un centre blanc; 132-147 ventrales chez les & & , 147-167 chez les © 9. ECAILLURE: rostrale avec le bord saillant, concave sur sa face inférieure, la portion visible dorsalement mesurant environ la moitié de la longueur de la préfrontale: frontale plus longue que sa distance à l’extrémité du museau; loréale nettement plus longue que large; 1 préoculaire (très rarement 2); 1 postoculaire (très rarement 2); temporales 1+2 (très rarement 1+1, 2+2 ou 2+3); 5 supralabiales, les 2ème ef 3ème en SYSTÉMATIQUE GENRE PROSYMNA 163 FIG. 1 Prosymna meleagris, coll. Chirio 4542X (Nseh, Cameroun - 25/07/2001) - Photo M. LeBreton contact avec l’orbite; 8 infralabiales (rarement 7 ou 9), les 3 premières en contact avec les sublinguales; écailles dorsales lisses, portant 2 fossettes apicales, 2 à 4 fossettes sur les supra-caudales; 132-147 ventrales chez les 4 4 (m = 140,3 +6,45; n=16), 147-167 chez les 8 £ (m = 157,4 +6,91; n=19); 27-36 sous-caudales paires chez les 4 4 (m = 31,5 +2,42; n=16), 17-23 chez les $ $ (m = 20,7 +1,13; n=19); rapport LC/LQ compris entre 5,28 et 7,25 chez les 4 4 (m = 6,00 +0,56; n=16), entre 8,38 et 13,12 chez les SC tIl12+1.32: n=19). COLORATION: dessus de la tête uniformément brun roussâtre, y compris le dessous de la rostrale; la partie supérieure des labiales supérieures est également brun roussâtre, la partie inférieure blanche; chaque écaille dorsale (y compris celles de la nuque) présente la même coloration générale brun roussâtre avec une tache apicale blanche, plus grande sur les rangs latéro-dorsaux que sur les rangs médio-dorsaux (Fig.1); la coloration brun roussâtre déborde sur le bord latéral antérieur de chaque plaque ventrale, mais le centre de chaque ventrale est blanc; pas de collier gulaire sombre. Il n’y a pas de dimorphisme sexuel apparent dans la coloration. TAILLE: le plus grand mâle examiné (BMNH 89.12.16.109 de Lagos, Nigeria) mesure 272 mm de longueur totale (LC = 232 mm + LQ = 40 mm); la plus grande femelle (BMNH 1913.7.21.1 de Budagri près de Lagos, Nigeria) mesure 321 mm de longueur totale (LC = 293 mm + LQ = 28 mm). 164 L. CHIRIO ET AL. HABITAT: savanes guinéennes, mosaïque savane-forêt; ce taxon occupe les biotopes les plus humides. DISTRIBUTION: nous avons utilisé les données fournies par Broadley (1980), augmentées de nos données personnelles. La répartition de cette espèce couvre les pays suivants: Ouest du Sénégal, Guinée, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Bénin, Nigeria, extrême Sud-Ouest du Cameroun; à l’Est de la chaîne volcanique du Cameroun elle est remplacée par la forme vicariante P. ambigua bocagii. Prosymna greigerti greigerti Mocquard, 1906 Fig. 2 Prosymna greigerti Mocquard, 1906: 466 Prosymna meleagris laurenti Loveridge, 1958: 141 MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ Sénégal: Bamako Samba (Coll. Trape 7994S). — Bandafassi (Coll. Trape 1996$, 2610S, 2614$S,2621S,2633S,4821-22S,4824S,4827-29$,4835$S,4840S,4844-45S).- Boundoukondi (Coll. Trape 57508). — Dabo (Coll. Trape 3871S, 3892S). — Ebarakh (Coll. Trape 4956$, 4969S, 4975S, 4984S). — Fafakourou (Coll. Trape 6629$, 6634S, 6948S, 6968-69$, 7515S, 7519S). — Gamon (Coll. Trape 4602$, 4604S). — Guénoto (Coll. Trape 4745$, 5188S). — Ibel (Coll. Trape 1787S, 2908$S, 2937S, 3010$, 3042$S, 3052S, 3088S,-3106$, 3105S3123$ 51558 51 3174S, 4269S, 4847S, 4850S, 4852S, 4857-59$S, 4869S, 5746S, 7094$, 7106$, 7108S, 7691- 92S, 7745$S). — Keur Bakar Mané (Coll. Trape 2316$). —- Koumbacara (Coll. Trape 4693S). — Landieni (Coll. Trape 1903$S, 1923S, 2412S, 2444S, 2446-47S). —- Mamakono (Coll. Trape 4519$S, 4569$S). —- Marewé (Coll. Trape 7474S). — Nathia (Coll. Trape 2657S, 2755S, 28188, 2829$, 2862S, 2866$). — Ndébou (Coll. Trape 1850S, 3208-09$, 3218S, 3222S, 3240S, 32765). — Sambarabougou (Coll. Trape 4426$, 4443S, 4453S). - Takoudialla (Coll. Trape 4774S, 6660S, 6918S, 7480S, 7491S, 7496-98S$, 7502S). — Tialé (Coll. Trape 48118). Gambie: McCarthy Island (Andersson 1937). Mali: Bamako (MNHN 8807). Bangaya (Coll. Trape 0289M). — Djinagué (Coll. Trape 1209M). — Kati (MNHN 1921.0591-92). - Koundian (Coll. Trape 2372M). — Laminia (Coll. Trape 0741M, 0747M, 0752M, 0756M, 0823M, 0854M). —- Mamoroubougou (Coll. Trape 1928M, 1933M, 1938M, 3712M, 3719M, 3737M, 3753M, 3805M, 3832M, 3835M, 3851M). — Niamou (Coll. Trape 1922M). — Npiebougou (Coll. Trape 3323M, 3435M, 3461M, 3471M, 3481M). — San (MNHN 1932.0162). — Sebekourani (Coll. Trape 0149M, 0152M, 0967M, 0980- 81M, 0992M, 3261M, 3261M, 3269M). — Titiena (Coll. Trape 1925-27M, 1929M, 1931M). — Toumboula (Coll. Trape 1235M). — Zamoko (Coll. Trape 0154M, 1919M). Guinée: Dar es Salam (Coll. Trape 3568G). — Kouara (Coll. Trape 0119-20G). — Pont Gambie (Coll. Trape 0894G, 0896-98G, 3507G, 3526G, 3529G, 3917G, 39426, 3945-46G). — Tabakourou (Coll. Trape 2441G, 2447G, 2452G, 2591G). Burkina-Faso: Boromo, 250 Km à l’Ouest de Ouagadougou (MNHN 1908.0169) . — Pays Lobi [type] (MNHN 19060154). — Sindou (HV 2112). 10g0: Aledjo (Coll. Trape O188T, 0202T). Nigeria: Jos (BMNH 1963.25). Cameroun: Boubandjida (MNHN 2003.2919). —- Magoumaz (MNHN 2003.2918). — Ngaouyanga (MNHN 20020979), 5 Km au Sud de Poli (MNHN 2003.2930). République Centrafricaine: Am-Dafok (MNHN 1996.6822). — Bossangoa (MNHIN 1994.8219-20). — Kouki (MNHN 1994.8221-33, MNHN 1995.3571-81). — La Gounda (MNHN 19924611). République Démocratique Du Congo: Kunungu (MRAC 5676). Soudan: Boma (MNHN 2001 0183). — Singa (BMNH 1908.5.19.10). Ethiopie: Didessa River, Woolega Province (BMNH 1973.3254). TYPE ET LOCALITÉ-TYPE: type MNHN 1906.0154 décrit par Mocquard en 1906 de la région Lobi, Haute-Volta (= Burkina-Faso). SYSTÉMATIQUE GENRE PROSYMNA 165 Fr, Lé Le “À 25. ; ré ds MONT à FiG:2 Prosymna g. greigerti, coll. Trape 4827S (Bandafassi, Sénégal - 06/10/2000) - Photo J.-F. Trape IDENTIFICATION: coloration du dos uniforme de la nuque à la queue: chaque écaille dorsale, gris sombre, présente une tache apicale blanche; les premières ven- trales, entièrement colorées de gris, forment un collier gulaire sombre; 144-159 ventrales chez les 4 4 , 159-190 chez les 9 9. ECAILLURE: rostrale avec le bord saillant, concave sur sa face inférieure, la portion visible dorsalement mesurant environ la moitié de la longueur de la préfrontale (la préfrontale n’est divisée que chez le type de P. greigerti), frontale plus longue que sa distance à l’extrémité du museau; loréale nettement plus longue que large; 1 pré- oculaire; 1 postoculaire (fusionnée avec la 3ème supralabiale dans un seul cas); tem- porales 1+2 (très rarement 2+2); 5 supralabiales, les 2ème et 3ème en contact avec l'orbite; 8 infralabiales (rarement 7), les 3 premières en contact avec les sublinguales; écailles dorsales lisses, portant 2 fossettes apicales, 2 ou 3 fossettes peu visibles sur les supracaudales; 144-159 ventrales chez les 4 4 (m = 152 +5,3; n=38), 159-190 chez les 29 (m= 172 +6,72; n=57); 28-41 sous-caudales paires chez les 4 4 (m = 34,6 +2,28; n=38), 19-26 chez les 8 $ (m = 22,7 +2,52; n=57); rapport LC/LQ compris entre 4,86 et 7,82 chez les 4 4 (m = 6,02 +0,56; n=38), entre 8,58 et 16,47 chez les $ $ (m = W:55:#4128;n<57); 166 L. CHIRIO ET AL. COLORATION: dessus de la tête uniformément gris sombre; la portion dorsale des labiales supérieures est également gris sombre, la portion inférieure blanche; chaque écaille dorsale (y compris sur la nuque) présente la même coloration générale gris sombre, avec une tache apicale blanche (Fig. 2); les 15 premières ventrales environ sont tachées de gris sombre, ce qui forme un collier gulaire sombre bien visible, surtout chez les spécimens de l’Est de l’aire de répartition (du Cameroun à l’Ethiopie); en arrière, la coloration gris sombre déborde sur le bord latéral antérieur de chaque ventrale, avec parfois quelques taches sombres isolées, mais le centre de la plaque est blanc. Il n’y a pas de dimorphisme sexuel apparent dans la coloration. TAILLE: le plus grand mâle examiné (MNHN 1995.3572 de Kouki, R.C.A.) mesure 300 mm de longueur totale (LC = 266 mm + LQ = 34 mm), la plus grande femelle (MNHIN 1996.6822 de Am-Dafok, R.C.A.) mesure 346 mm de longueur totale (EC = 320 mm #20 = 26 mm) HABITAT: ce taxon occupe les savanes soudaniennes, du Sénégal à l’Ethiopie. DISTRIBUTION: Sénégal, Gambie, Nord-Est de la Guinée, Sud du Mali, Sud- Ouest du Burkina-Faso, Nord du Ghana, Nord du Togo, Nigeria, province Nord du Cameroun (et les monts Mandara dans la province de l’Extrême-Nord), RCA, Sud du Tchad, extrême Nord-Est du Zaïre, Sud et Est du Soudan, Ethiopie. Prosymna greigerti collaris Sternfeld, 1908 Fig. 3 Prosymna meleagris var. collaris Sternfeld, 1908: 216 Prosymna meleagris Andersson, 1937: 8 ‘P. m. meleagris + P. m. greigerti Intergrades’ Broadley, 1980: 528 MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ Sénégal: Dagana, 100 Km au Nord de Saint-Louis (MNHN 1918.0064); Matam (MNHN 3528; Coll. Trape 3528S). Mali: «Bamako» (MNHN 8806); Topokhoné (Coll. Trape 0129M); Yelimané, 350 Km au Nord-Ouest de Bamako (MNHN 1908.0021). Burkina-Faso: Bamo (HV sans n°); Boromo (HV 2927); Bougrourou (HV 1987); Dorola (HV 4306); Fada (HV 4733); Garango (HV 2244); Gonsé (HV 5638); Kabougou (Coll. Chirio 6864X); Kantchari (HV 3657); Kosoghin (HV 4355); Marga (HV 0853); Maria-Tang (HV 2614); Nouna (HV 2862); Ouagadougou (HV 5378; HV 4733); Ouargaye (HV 4508); Pabré (HV 1995, HV 4126, HV 4470); Pô (HV 0382); Tapoa Djerma (Coll. Chirio 6935X); Tonkuy (HV sans n°; HV 5328-29). Niger: Alambaré (Coll. Chirio 6575X); Gaya (Coll. Chirio 6880X); Kouré (Coll. Chirio 6907X); La Tapoa (Coll. Chirio 7105X); Malbaza (Coll. Trape 0536N); Piliki (Coll. Trape O347N, 1472N), Touga Yacouba (Coll. Trape 0OS36N); Téla (Coll. Trape 1531N, 1545N). Ghana: Gambaga (BMNH 1930.10.4.5). Togo: Sansane-Mango [2 syntypes] (ZMB 21970). Bénin: Bello Tonga, prè s de Karimama (Coll. Chirio 6515-16X); Campement de chasse BW Safari (Coll. Chirio 6676X); Niénié (Coll. Chirio 6806-07X). Nigeria: Gadau (BMNH 1937.12.4.46, BMNH 1938.3.1.112-13);, Maiduguri (BMNH 1962.182); Samaru (BMNH 1975.606); Sokoto (BMNH 1969.2267); Zaria (BMNH 1975.607). Cameroun: Bacheo (MNHN 2002.0977-78); Djiddel (MNHN 2002.0980); Garoua (MNHN 19998440); Laf (MNHN 20020975-76; MNHN 20032917); Maroua (MNEHIN 2003.2916);, Mokolo (MNHN 1962.0007-10). Tchad: Maillao (MNHN 1978.1829-30); Mayo Kebbi (MNHN 1965.0031; MNHN 19560018; MNHN 1965.0046). République Centrafricaine: Kouki (MNHN 1994.8224). Soudan: vallée du Haut-Nil (MNHN 19040065). SYSTÉMATIQUE GENRE PROS Y MNA 167 Fi6:3 Prosymna g. collaris, coll. Chirio 7104X (La Tapoa, Niger - 03/06/2008) - Photo L. Chirio TYPE ET LOCALITÉ-TYPE: ZMB 21970, 2 syntypes décrits par Sternfeld en 1908, originaires de Mangu (= Sansane-Mango), Togo. IDENTIFICATION: les écailles derrière la nuque, sans apex blanc, forment une large selle noire entourée par 2 colliers blancs, l’un antérieur mordant sur les dernières plaques céphaliques, l’autre postérieur au niveau du 13èM€ rang de dorsales environ; en arrière du collier postérieur, chaque écaille dorsale est colorée de brun sombre avec une tache apicale blanche; 144-163 ventrales chez les & 4 , 163-188 chez les % 9. ECAILLURE: rostrale avec le bord saillant, concave sur sa face inférieure, la portion visible de dessus mesurant environ la moitié de la longueur de la préfrontale (la préfrontale est divisée par une suture sublatérale chez un des 2 syntypes de P. col- laris); frontale plus longue que sa distance à l’extrémité du museau; loréale nettement plus longue que large; 1 préoculaire; 1 postoculaire; temporales 1+2 (très rarement 2+2); 5 supralabiales, les 2ème et 3ème en contact avec l'orbite; 8 infralabiales, les 3 premières en contact avec les sublinguales; écailles dorsales lisses, portant 2 fossettes apicales, 2 ou 3 fossettes sur les supracaudales; 144-163 ventrales chez les 4 4 (m = 154 +4,65; n=32), 163-188 chez les ? $ (m = 174,1 +5,94; n=37); 30-37 sous-caudales paires chez les 4 4 (m = 34 +1,9; n=32), 20-26 chez les $ $ (m = 22,5 +1,54; n=37); rapport LC/LQ compris entre 4,05 et 7,87 chez les 4 & (m = 6,13 +1,11; n=32), entre 9,28 et 12,78 chez les $ 9 (m = 11,11 +0,86; n=37). 168 L. CHIRIO ET AL. COLORATION: dessus de la tête uniformément noir, côté ventral de la rostrale clair; les 2 ou 3 premières supralabiales sont blanches, les suivantes brun sombre; les infralabiales sont blanches, sauf les 2 dernières qui sont partiellement brunes; sur la nuque les écailles sont noires, sans apex blanc, et forment une selle sombre limitée par 2 colliers blancs: - le collier blanc antérieur occupe la moitié des supralabiales 4 et 5, remonte à cheval sur la temporale antérieure et la temporale postérieure puis vers le bord postérieur des pariétales, en débordant sur le premier rang de dorsales; puis il s’étire vers l’arrière, et se termine généralement sur le 4°M€ rang longitudinal de dorsales; le collier antérieur est ouvert sur le rang vertébral et la moitié de chaque rang adjacent; - entre les 2 colliers blancs on compte environ 13 rangs d’écailles entièrement noires, sans apex blanc; - le collier postérieur blanc, généralement plus fin, est ouvert également sur le rang vertébral et la moitié des rangs adjacents. En arrière du collier postérieur blanc, chaque écaille dorsale présente une coloration générale brun sombre avec une tache apicale blanche, qui s’agrandit gra- duellement des rangs médio-dorsaux vers les rangs latéraux (Fig. 3); le rang d’écailles latérales le plus proche des ventrales est entièrement blanc, ou avec un très fin croissant brun dans le haut de sa partie antérieure; les 8 premières ventrales sont noires, ce qui forme entre les deux colliers blancs décrits précédemment un collier gulaire sombre bien visible; en arrière, la coloration brune ne déborde généralement pas sur le bord latéral antérieur des ventrales, qui sont blanc neige. Il n’y a pas de dimorphisme sexuel apparent dans la coloration. TAILLE: le plus grand mâle examiné (HV sans n° de Bamo, Burkina-Faso) mesure 318 mm de longueur totale (LC = 274 mm + LQ = 44 mm); la plus grande femelle (MNHN 1965.0046 de Mayo Kebbi, Tchad) mesure 372 mm de longueur totale (LC = 345 mm + LQ = 27 mm). HABITAT: Ce taxon occupe les biotopes les plus secs: savanes sahélo-souda- niennes et sahéliennes, du Nord du Sénégal au Soudan. DISTRIBUTION: Nord du Sénégal, Mali, Burkina-Faso, Sud du Niger, Nord du Ghana, Nord du Togo, Nord du Bénin, Nord du Nigeria, Extrême-Nord du Cameroun (sauf les Monts Mandara), Sud du Tchad, Extrême Nord-Ouest de la RCA, Soudan. CLÉ DE DÉTERMINATION DES ESPÈCES DU COMPLEXE P. MELEAGRIS la coloration dorsale uniforme de la nuque à la queue: chaque écaille dor- sale sombre présente une tache apicale blanche 2 20 7 Z 1b les écailles derrière la nuque, sans apex blanc, forment une large selle noire entourée par 2 colliers blancs, l’un antérieur mordant sur les dernières plaques céphaliques, l’autre postérieur au niveau du 13" rang de dorsales environ, en arrière du collier postérieur, chaque écaille dor- sale sombre avec une tache apicale blanche; 147-164 ventrales chez les bs:168188:chez:les ? DU ARAMAEL 2 ot CO Prosymna g. collaris SYSTÉMATIQUE GENRE PROSYMNA 169 2a toutes les ventrales ont le centre blanc; 132-147 ventrales chez les G&, D M a fu eau Prosymna meleagris 2b les premières ventrales sont entièrement sombres; 144-159 ventrales er 00",-159-190 chezles PQ sms... . 22 Prosymna g. greigerti DISCUSSION La majorité des espèces du genre Prosymna se rencontre en Afrique australe et orientale, et 1l apparaît que c’est l’ Afrique australe qui abrite le centre de spéciation le plus important du genre (Broadley, 1980); la plupart des espèces se rencontre en savane, à part P. ornatissima localisée en forêt d’altitude, P. janii sur les dunes côtières et P. semifasciata en forêts côtières. Hormis la forme orientale P. ambigua bocagii, espèce vicariante de P. meleagris (aisément identifiable par ses 6 supralabiales) qui ne dépasse pas la chaîne volcanique du Cameroun vers l’Ouest, le groupe plurispécifique P. meleagris/ruspolii/somalica défini par Broadley (1980) est le seul qui se rencontre au Nord de l’Equateur: c’est une partie de ce groupe qui nous intéresse ici. Le présent travail nous a permis de mettre en évidence une corrélation entre les variations de coloration, les décomptes de l’écaillure ventrale et les données de divergences au niveau moléculaire dans le complexe polyspécifique Prosymna melea- gris s. L.: ils séparent clairement la forme meleagris des 2 autres formes de coloration, qui sont deux sous-espèces de P. greigerti. On pourrait s’étonner du fait que Benedetto Roman, qui a si soigneusement observé les serpents d'Afrique de l’Ouest, n’ait pas remarqué les différences de coloration entre les formes greigerti et collaris au Burkina- Faso, alors Haute-Volta (Roman, 1980). Mais il faut préciser que, sur les 24 spécimens de Prosymna qu'il a récoltés, un seul est attribuable à la forme greigerti, et il a donc décrit dans son ouvrage la coloration de la forme collaris. On notera cependant qu'il a choisi pour 1llustrer cette espèce le seul spécimen de P. g. greigerti qu'il a récolté, dont la coloration uniforme (visible sur la photographie de la page 88) ne correspond justement pas à la description proposée: «la coloration est très caractéristique car sur le fond grisâtre ou noir il y a sur chaque écaille une tache blanche, et le cou porte sur sa partie dorsale un anneau blanc ou jaunâtre de la même couleur que le ventre» (Roman, 1980: 89). La figure 4 cartographie les stations connues pour chaque taxon: nous l’avons obtenue en ajoutant aux localités de récolte des spécimens étudiés dans notre travail celles qui ont été citées par Broadley (1980). Sur toute l’étendue de leur aire de répar- tition, nous constatons une zonation latitudinale très nette dans la répartition de ces 3 taxons. Prosymna g. collaris, qui est la forme la plus xérophile, occupe les savanes sahélo-soudaniennes du Nord du Sénégal au Soudan, tandis que la forme P. g. greigerti occupe, systématiquement au Sud de la précédente, les savanes à affinités franchement soudaniennes du Sénégal à l’Ethiopie. Il est intéressant de noter que la seule région où on trouve une station de P. g. greigerti entourée de populations de P. g. collaris, dans le Nord du Cameroun, correspond aux Monts Mandara, un petit massif montagneux dans lequel des formations végétales typiquement soudaniennes sont isolées au milieu d’une région de steppes sahélo-soudaniennes. P. meleagris est cantonnée aux savanes guinéennes, de la côte sénégalaise à l’extrême Ouest du Cameroun; elle ne dépasse pas les reliefs de la chaîne volcanique du Cameroun à l’Est. 170 L. CHIRIO ET AL. FIG. 4 Carte de répartition des espèces du complexe Prosymna meleagris s.1. en Afrique au Nord de l’Equateur. Les stations de collecte de P. meleagris sont en vert, celles de P. g. greigerti en bleu, et celles de P. g. collaris en rouge. La découverte de la sympatrie des deux taxons P. meleagris et P. g. greigerti à Keur Bakar Mané (Sénégal) par l’un d’entre nous (J.-F. Trape) est en accord avec nos conclusions taxonomiques; par contre la station de Kouki en République Centra - fricaine, où nous avons observé un juvénile présentant un pattern de coloration de type collaris atténué dans une population de type greigerti, doit donc être considérée comme étant à la frontière entre les deux sous-espèces de P. greigerti. Enfin, 1l apparaît clairement un cline Ouest/Est dans l’intensité de la coloration de la sous-espèce P. g. greigerti. On sait qu’une extension maximale du Sahara vers le Sud au quaternaire récent, correspondant au dernier épisode glaciaire en Europe (24.000 à 12.000 BP environ), a provoqué un glissement des formations végétales de savanes près des côtes du golfe de Guinée entre 20.000 et 10.000 ans BP (Maley, 1996, 1999). La chaîne montagneuse volcanique du Cameroun, de direction grossièrement Nord-Est/Sud-Ouest, qui marque à peu près la frontière entre Nigeria et Cameroun, a alors pu jouer le rôle de barrière SYSTÉMATIQUE GENRE PROS YMNA 171 géographique pour les espèces savanicoles (Maley & Brenac, 1998). Des populations d’une espèce ancestrale de Prosymna qui occupait les savanes périforestières ont alors été isolées à l’Ouest de la chaîne volcanique du Cameroun, où elles ont évolué séparément. A la période interglaciaire suivante (à partir de 10000 BP environ), ces popu - lations occidentales sont remontées vers le Nord, à la faveur de l’étalement des zones bioclimatiques: les populations des savanes périforestières ont alors donné naissance à l’espèce actuelle P. meleagris, qui est restée bloquée à l’Ouest de la barrière montag- neuse. Le même type de répartition se retrouve chez d’autres serpents savanicoles comme l’élapidé Naja katiensis ou le lamprophidé Afractaspis micropholis, dont les aires de répartition sont également limitées à l’Est par la ligne des reliefs camerounais; chez les lézards l’eublépharidé Hemitheconyx caudicinctus, l’agamidé Agama boueti et le scincidé Chalcides thierryi sont dans le même cas. Puis à partir de ces populations de savanes guinéennes, on peut penser que des individus qui ont pu s’adapter à un climat plus sec ont été à l’origine de populations qui, elles, ont gagné les savanes soudaniennes pour donner naissance à P. greigerti. Cette espèce a dépassé les limites des reliefs camerounais au Nord, et a alors envahi les savanes soudaniennes jusqu’au Soudan et à l’Ethiopie. A la faveur de mutations plus récentes, certains individus des savanes souda- niennes ont pu coloniser les savanes sahéliennes, sur toute la bordure nord des savanes soudaniennes du Sénégal au Soudan, donnant ainsi naissance à la sous-espèce collaris. S1 la distance génétique qui sépare P. meleagris et P. greigerti semble bien s’accorder avec une séparation datant de 10 000 ans au plus, la distance génétique entre les deux sous-espèces de P. greigerti montre que leur séparation est beaucoup plus récente: peut- être pourrait-elle être liée à la perturbation brusque que Maley a mise en évidence entre 2500 et 2000 BP (Maley & Brenac, 1998; Maley, 2001). Les études palynologiques en cours en Afrique occidentale nous permettront sans doute de mieux connaître bientôt les variations d’extension des différents types de savanes à cette époque. Enfin, la désertification actuelle des savanes péri-sahariennes a provoqué un léger glissement des zones bioclimatiques vers le Sud, isolant une population de P. g. greigerti dans les Monts Mandara, au milieu d’un ensemble de steppes sahélo-souda- niennes peuplées par P. g. collaris. REMERCIEMENTS Nous remercions ici vivement M. Barry Hughes pour le prêt de nombreux spécimens des collections du British Museum, et M. Ouedraogo du CNRST de Ouagadougou pour nous avoir permis d’étudier la collection de B. Roman, Jens B. Rasmussen du ZMUC pour le prêt du type de P. meleagris, le ZMB pour le prêt des syntypes de P. g. collaris. Nos remerciements vont également à Shai Meiri, du département de Zoologie de l’Université de Tel-Aviv (Israël), pour nous avoir aima - blement fourni le fond de carte de l’Afrique au Nord du Sahara (Fig. 4). F72 L. CHIRIO ET AL. RÉFÉRENCES ANDERSSON, L. G. 1937. 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Lin aff Craig raies a MÉOLCT & BRRUIEF 1908 Vache apert- in ET Les D . na e —"— ra Be À 3 e | ee @ Net p "à | : REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 175-196; mars 2011 Notes on Walckenaeria species (Araneae: Linyphiidae) from China Yanjing SONG! & Shuqiang LI!-? l Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1. Beichen West Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. 2 Corresponding author. E-mail: lisq@ioz.ac.cn Notes on Walckenaeria species (Araneae: Linyphiidae) from China. - Results of a survey of the erigonine genus Walckenaeria in China are presented. The name W. cylindrica Xu, 1994 is placed in the synonymy of Paikiniana mira (O1, 1960). W. ferruginea Seo, 1991 is removed from the synonymy of W. orientalis (Oliger, 1985) and its female is described for the first time. The type specimens of W. yunnanensis Xia et al., 2001 are re-examined. Descriptions of W. dahaituoensis Sp. n. and W. asymmetrica sp. n., and redescriptions of W. karpinskii (O. P.-Cambridge, 1873), W. ferruginea and W. yunnanensis are provided. A total of ten Walckenaeria species are currently known from China. Keywords: Taxonomy - revalidation - type - new synonym - new species. INTRODUCTION The widely distributed linyphiid spider genus Walckenaeria Was erected by Blackwall (1833) for the European species W. acuminata Blackwall, 1833 and W. cuspidata Blackwall, 1833. The original spelling of the name was given as above, but Blackwall emended it to Walckenaera in 1841. According to the rules of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, the original spelling must stand and this was adopted by recent authors. During the past 175 years a considerable number of Walckenaeria species have been described. Furthermore some revisional studies of this genus were done by Wunderlich (1972), Millidge (1983), Holm (1984) and Bosmans & De Smet (1993). So far, a total of 193 species were recorded from all over the world (Platnick, 2010). As most erigonines, Walckenaeria species live mostly at ground level, often in damp habitats, though some, as adults, may move up to low shrubs (Millidge, 1983). A completely eyeless Walckenaeria species was found in a limestone cave of central Kyushu, southwestern Japan (Saito & Irie, 1992). A total of seven species were up to now reported from China: W. antica (Wider, 1834), W. clavicornis (Emerton, 1882), W. cylindrica, W. karpinskii, W. nodosa O. P.- Cambridge, 1873, W. vigilax (Blackwall, 1853) and W. yunnanensis. Our examination of the holotype of W. cylindrica (deposited in JLU) and a paratype and the allotype of Paikiniana mira (deposited in NSMT) proved that W. cylindrica is a junior synonym of P. mira. Our recent survey of collections showed a total of 10 Walckenaeria species present in China. Here we re-describe W. karpinskii in order to provide details of intra- specific variation, and W. yunnanensis because of the poor illustrations of its original description. Manuscript accepted 29.06.2010 176 Y. SONG & S. LI MATERIAL AND METHODS The spider material used for this study is deposited in the following institutions: IZCAS Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; 1155 8 Jilin University, Changchun, China; MHNG Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève, Switzerland; NSMT National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan. For each species only the original description and new misidentifications are listed. Synonyms listed in the spider catalog of Platnick (2010) are not repeated here. Locality names and distribution data are given according to current Chinese standard (Peng ef al., 2003). Specimens were examined using an Olympus-SZ11 stereomicroscope and illus- trated using an Olympus-BX41 compound microscope equipped with a drawing tube. Left male palps and female epigyna were 1llustrated after being separated from the body. Embolic divisions were dissected from the palpal bulb using sharp pins and for- ceps. Genital organs were immersed in 75% alcohol and examined under a compound microscope; embolic divisions and vulvae were mounted in Hoyer’s Solution and examined in strong transmitted light against a white background. In addition, the ventral tegument of epigyna was removed by sharp pins and forceps to study the duct system of the vulvae under a compound microscope. Eye diameters Were measured at their widest extent. Leg measurements are given as: Total length (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). AI] measurements are in millimeters. The terminology of genitalic structures follows Hormiga (2000) and Tanasevitch (2006). The following abbreviations of somatic morphology and genitalic structures are used in the text and in the figures: Somatic morphology: ALE, anterior lateral eye; AME, anterior median eye; PLE, posterior lateral eye; PME, posterior median eye; Tm I, position of tricho- bothrium on metatarsus I; Tm IT, position of trichobothrium on metatarsus Il; Tm IV, position of trichobothrium on metatarsus IV. Male palp: €, column; DSA, distal suprategular apophysis; E, embolus; L, la- mella; MM, median membrane; PC, paracymbium; PT, protegulum; PTA, prolateral ti- bial apophysis; R, radix; RBP, retrobasal cymbial process; RTA, retrolateral tibial apo- physis; SPT, suprategulum; ST, subtegulum; T, tegulum; TP, tailpiece of radix. Epigynum: CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; DP, dorsal plate; DPS, dorsal plate scape; FD, fertilization duct; FO, fertilization opening; S, sperma- theca; VP, ventral plate. RESULTS Walckenaeria asymmetrica sp. n. Figs 1-2 HoLoTyrE: IZCAS, without registration number; d ; China, Henan Province, Nanyang City, Baotianman National Nature Reserve (33.32°N 112.20°E); collected by Q. Wang and Y. Lin; collected on 12.11.2005. PARATYPES: IZCAS (1%) and MHNG (1% 14), without registration number; same data as for holotype. WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA T4 FIG. 1 Walckenaeria asymmetrica sp. n.; male holotype. (A) Distal part of left palp, prolateral view. (B) Same, retrolateral view (arrow indicating small triangular apophysis on upper margin of supra- tegulum). (C) Same, ventral view. (D) Tibia of left palp, dorsal view. (E) Distal part of tibia of right palp, lateral view. (F) Patella and femur of left palp, retrolateral view. (G) Tibia of left palp, lateral view. Scale lines: 0.1 mm. 178 Y. SONG & S. LI DIAGNOSIS: The new species 1s similar to W. chiyokoae Saito, 1988, but the male can be distinguished by the shape of the prolateral apophysis of the palpal tibia, which is composed of 4 or 3 branches in W. asymmetrica (Fig. 1E, G), but only 2 in W. chiyo- koae: by the strongly sclerotized dentiform retrolateral apophysis of the palpal tibia in W. asymmetrica (Fig. 1G) versus a shightly sclerotized rectangular apophysis in W. chiyokoae; by a long and strongly curved tailpiece in W. chiyokoae, but a shorter and more straight one in W. asymmetrica (Fig. 1A, C); by the different ratio of the length of the embolus to the length of the cymbium (about 3.9 in W. asymmetrica and 4.9 in W. chiyokoae). The female 1s extremely similar to that of W. chiyokoae, except for the relatively straight and undeveloped anterior part of the copulatory ducts, and females cannot be safely identified unless collected together with males. DESCRIPTION OF MALE HOLOTYPE: Total length 2.14. Carapace 1.05 long, 0.78 wide, light orange. Head raised into a lobe carrying posterior median eyes (Fig. 2B); a conspicuous sulcus running back from behind PLE and containing a small pit anteriorly (Fig. 2B). Clypeus 0.21 high, with a patch of hairs in the ocular area and on the clypeus (Fig. 2B). AME diameter 0.05, ALE 0.08, PME 0.10, PLE 0.08, AME interdistance 0.31 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 0.67 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 1.06 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 2.52 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.59 long, 0.57 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.19 times their width. Chelicera light orange, with 4 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 2C). Tibia of leg I 8.94 times longer than deep. Tm 1 0.53, Tm IV present. Tibiae of all legs with very short spines and their length almost half of the width of tibiae. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 1-1-1-1. Leg measurements: I 3.56 (1.02, 0.30, 0.95, 0.78, 0.51); II 3.38 (0.96, 0.29, 0.89, 0.76, 0.49); IIT 2.84 (0.81, 0.29, 0.68, 0.66, 0.41); IV 3.70 (1.03, 0.30, 0.98, 0.91, 0.49). Palp: Patella a bit shorter than femur (Fig. 1F). Tibia short, armed with 1 stron- gly sclerotized, dentiform retrolateral apophysis and 1 large prolateral apophysis with scaly inner surface and distal margin with 3 (right male palp) or 4 (left male palp) branches; with 1 prolateral and 2 retrolateral trichobothria (Fig. 1D). Paracymbium C- shaped, basal part folded downwards (Fig. 1B). Tegulum distal to subtegulum in un - expanded palp (Fig. 1B). Protegulum with some unconspicuous papillae (Fig. 1 A, B). Distal suprategular apophysis well developed, ending in a cavity accommodating distal one-sixth of long coiled embolus; with a broad groove retrolaterally and bearing a small tooth on the upper side (Fig. 1B,C). Embolic division very simple. Embolus very long (about 1.5 cm), with a narrow membrane along inner margin. Tailpiece short, twisted clockwise in prolateral view, ending in a lobe in ventral view (Fig. 1 A). DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE PARATYPE (IZCAS): Carapace (Fig. 2A) unmodified, similar to that of male in coloration. Total length 2.27. Carapace 0.94 long, 0.78 wide. Clypeus 0.18 high. AME diameter 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME inter- distance 0.26 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 0.38 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 0.36 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.42 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.59 long, 0.59 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 0.77 times their width. Chelicera with 4 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth. Tibia of leg I 6.52 times longer than deep. Tm I 0.52, Tm IV present. Length of spine on tibiae of all legs almost equal WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 179 FIG. 2 Walckenaeria asymmetrica sp. n.; male holotype (B, C) and female paratype (A, D-G). (A) Carapace, dorsal view. (B) Same, lateral view. (C) Left chelicera, posterior view. (D) Epigynum, ventral view. (E) Same, posterior view. (F) Vulva, ventral view. (G) Same, dorsal view. Scale lines: A, B=0.2 mm, C-G=0.1 mm. 180 Y. SONG & S. LI to width of tibiae. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 1-1-1-1. Leg measu- rements: I 3.29 (0.98, 0.31, 0.86, 0.69, 0.46); II 3.19 (0.96, 0.30, 0.81, 0.68, 0.45); II 2.76 (0.82, 0.27, 0.68, 0.61, 0.38); IV 3.59 (1.04, 0.27, 0.95, 0.86, 0.46). Surface of epigynum almost transparent. Posterior margin of dorsal plate lip- shaped and totally exposed in ventral view (Fig. 2D). Copulatory openings long, curved, situated at the Junction of dorsal plate and ventral plate (Fig. 2D, E). Copulatory ducts enclosed in a strongly sclerotized and rather complicated capsule, forming a pair of large loops on ventral side (Fig. 2F). Spermathecae globular, sepa- rated from each other by 3 times their diameter (Fig. 2F, G). Fertilization ducts very short, mesally situated (F1g. 2G). ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is an adjective of the Greek noun symmetria (= symmetry), combined with the alpha privativum, and refers to asymmetrical male palps of the holotype (IZCAS) and paratype (MHNG). The distal margin of the pro- lateral tibial apophysis of the left palps of both specimens has 4 branches, but the right palp only 3 branches. DISTRIBUTION: Only known from Baotianman National Nature Reserve in the Henan Province, China. HABITAT: The spiders were found under dead leaves on the ground. Walckenaeria dahaituoensis sp. n. Figs 3-5 HOLOTYPE: IZCAS, without registration number; d; China, Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou City, Chicheng County, Dahaituo National Nature Reserve (40.90°N 115.83°E); collected by Q. Wang, Y. Song and G. Zheng; collected on 5.11.2005. PARATYPES: IZCAS (34 59) and MHNG (28 24), without registration number; same data as for holotype. — IZCAS, without registration number; 34 ; China, Beijing, Mentougou District, Xiaolongmen Forest Park, alt. 1225m; collected by X. Yu; collected on 21.09.1999. DIAGNOSIS: The new species is similar to W. chiyokoae and W. asymmetrica Sp.n., but can be distinguished from these two species by the additional rows of hairs at the base of the lateral eyes in males (Fig. 4A), the shape of the male palpal tibial apo- physes (Fig. 3E), the strongly curved, distally pointed tailpiece of the embolic division (Fig. 3A), the equally broad lip-shaped extension of the dorsal plate of the epigynum (Fig. 4D) and the different course of the copulatory ducts in posterior view (Fig. 4G). The vulva system is very similar to that of W. chiyokoae and W. asymmetrica, and females can only be safely identified when collected together with males. DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE: Total length 2.54. Carapace 1.38 long, 0.86 wide, orange-brown. Head elevated into a very large lobe carrying posterior median eyes; a shallow sulcus running back from behind PLE and containing a small pit anteriorly; 5 long hairs arranged in a line at each base of lateral eye (Fig. 4A, B). Clypeus 0.31 high, slightly swollen and with a patch of weak hairs in the center (Fig. 4A). AME diameter 0.05, ALE 0.07, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME interdistance 0.63 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 1.73 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 3.08 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 3.08 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.71 long, 0.64 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.06 times their width. Chelicera chestnut-brown, with 4 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Tibia of leg I 8.60 times longer than deep. Tm WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 181 FIG. 3 Walckenaeria dahaituoensis sp. n.; male holotype. (A) Distal part of left palp, prolateral view. (B) Same, ventral view. (C) Paracymbium, ventral view. (D) Patella and femur of left palp, retro- lateral view. (E) Tibia of left palp, dorsal view. (F) Distal part of left palp, retrolateral view. Scale lines: 0.1 mm. 182 Y. SONG & S. LI FIG. 4 Walckenaeria dahaituoensis sp. n.; male holotype (A, B, E, F) and female paratype from Dahiatuo N.N.R.(C, D, G). (A) Carapace, frontal view. (B) Same, lateral view. (C) Same, dorsal view. (D) Epigynum, ventral view. (E) Embolic division (with DSA), dorsal view. (F) Same, ventral view (arrow indicating retrolateral groove of supratugulum). (G) Epigynum, posterior view. Scale lines: A-C=0.2 mm, D-G-0.1 mm. WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 183 = = = : S 4 =, y ge Ÿ È 5 SY be Cal L NA 7 ins LME à FIG. 5 Walckenaeria dahaituoensis sp. n.; three different female paratypes. (A, C, D) Vulva, ventral view. (B) Same, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.1 mm. 1 0.59, Tm IV present. Tibiae of all legs with very short spines, one third of width of tibiae. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 1-1-1-1. Leg measurements: I 409(1:14:033,108;,0:95,0 59); 3:99 (1:11, 0:33, 1.05, 0.93,0.59); INT 3.31 (0.94, 0.30, 0.81,0.77, 0.49); IV 4.26 (1.16, 0.31, 1.14, 1.08, 0.57). Palp: Patella slightly shorter than femur (Fig. 3D). Tibia short, armed with 1 stout retrolateral apophysis and 1 large biforked prolateral apophysis, the latter composed of 1 long broad branch and 1 strongly sclerotized needle-like branch: with 1 prolateral and 2 retrolateral trichobothria (Fig. 3EË). Paracymbium C-shaped, shightly hooked, with 3 hairs on the basal arm near its junction with the cymbium (Fig. 3C). Tegulum distal to subtegulum in unexpanded palp (Fig. 3F). Protegulum without papillae (Fig. 3A, B). Distal suprategular apophysis similar to that of W. chiyokoae but without small tooth on upper margin of groove (Fig. 3F). Column rounded, totally visible in prolateral view (Fig. 3A). Embolic division (Fig. 4E, F) similar to that of the two above mentioned species, but tailpiece pointed and strongly curved downwards (Fig. 3A). DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE PARATYPE (from type locality): Carapace (Fig. 4C) un- modified, similar to that of male in coloration. Total length 2.20. Carapace 1.08 long, 0.80 wide. Clypeus 0.23 high. AME diameter 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME interdistance 0.44 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 0.47 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 1.08 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.77 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.72 long, 0.64 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.13 times their width. Chelicera with 4 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth. Tibia of leg I 7.27 184 Y. SONG & S. LI times longer than deep. Tm 1 0.61, Tm IV present. Spines on tibiae of all legs as long as width of tibiae. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 1-1-1-1. Leg measu- rements: 1 3.83 (1.13, 0.34, 1.00, 0.84, 0.52); II 3.68 (1.08, 0.34, 0.94, 0.82, 0.51); III 3.22 (093,050,079,0:75,046); INM409 (1440307112; 101053) Surface of epigynum almost transparent. Doral plate with evenly broad lip- shaped extension totally exposed in ventral view (Fig. 4D). Vulva system (Fig. SA, B) similar to that of W. chiyokoae and W. asymmetrica Sp. n. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name 1s taken from the type locality. VARIATION: 7% and 64 were measured. The total length varies from 2.58 to 2.64 in males, 2.20 to 2.33 in females. The carapace length is 1.38 to 1.42 in males, 1.08 to 1.22 in females; width 0.86 to 0.88 in males, 0.80 to 0.89 in females. The species shows considerable intraspecific variation in the shape of the anterior part of the vulva (Fig. SA, C, D). DISTRIBUTION: Only known from Baotianman Nature Reserve in Henan Province, China. HABITAT: The spiders were found in the leaf litter of a birch forest. Walckenaeria ferruginea Seo, 1991 Figs 6-7 Walckenaeria ferruginea Seo, 1991: 36, figs 1-6. Here re-established as a valid species name. Walckenaeria orientalis (Oliger, 1985): synonymized by Marusik & Koponen (2000: 62). MATERIAL EXAMINED: IZCAS, without registration number; 24 29%; China, Liaoning Province, Qingyuan County (30.10°N 101.75°E); collected by S. Gao; collected on 11.1985. — IZCAS, X98-053; 59 ; no other information available. DIAGNOSIS: W. ferruginea 1s very similar to W. orientalis, but males can be dis- tinguished by the shape of their retrolateral tibial apophysis, which is broad and blunt in W. ferruginea (Fig. 6D, G), but strongly sclerotized and dentiform in W. orienfalis: by the modifications along the inner margin of the embolus, which has a large curved lamella near the base of the radix and a small dark triangular apophysis near the tip of the embolus in W. ferruginea (Figs 6G, 7E), but a curved rectangular lamella near the base of the radix and a hook near the tip of the embolus in W. orientalis; by the strongly curved tailpiece of the radix in W. ferruginea (Fig. 6F), which 1s almost straight in W. orientalis. Females can be distinguished by the nearly flat posterior margin of the dorsal plate (in ventral view) in W. ferruginea (Fig. 7D), which is protruding in W. orientalis;, by the presence of a small nick in the middle of the posterior margin of the ventral plate in W. ferruginea (Fig. 7D), which is protruding in W. orientalis; by the arrangement of the spermathecae, which are parallel in W. ferruginea (Fig. 7D), but divergent anteriorly in W. orientalis. DESCRIPTION OF MALE (from Qingyuan): Total length 2.23. Carapace 1.03 long, 0.75 wide, reddish brown, slightly elevated, with a pair of small “horns” directed anterolaterally (Fig. 6 À, B). Clypeus 0.19 high. Abdomen silver grey. AME diameter 0.05, ALE 0.08, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME interdistance 0.40 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 0.46 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 0.35 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.68 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.64 long, 0.58 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.00 times their width. Chelicera with 4 promarginal and WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 185 FIG. 6 Walckenaeria ferruginea; male from Liaoning, China. (A) Carapace, lateral view. (B) Same, frontal view. (C) Left chelicera, posterior view. (D) Tibia of left palp, dorsal view. (E) Distal part of left palp, ventral view. (F) Same, prolateral view. (G) Same, retrolateral view. Scale lines: À, B=0.2 mm, C-G=0.1 mm. 186 Y. SONG & S. LI FIG. 7 Walckenaeria ferruginea; male (E, F) and female (A-D, G) from Liaoning, China. (A) Vulva, dorsal view. (B) Same, ventral view. (C) Epigynum, posterior view. (D) Same, ventral view (ar- row pointing to nick in middle of posterior margin of ventral plate). (E) Embolic division, ven- tral view (with DSA; smallest arrow pointing to triangular apophysis near tip of embolus; largest arrow indicating retrolateral groove of suprategulum). (F) Same, dorsal view. (G) Epigynum, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.1 mm. WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 187 4 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 6C). Tibia of leg I 6.55 times longer than deep. Tm I 0.50, Tm IV present. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 2-2-1-1. Leg measure- ments: I 3.14 (0.91, 0.28, 0.82, 0.68, 0.46); II 2.99 (0.85, 0.28, 0.78, 0.64, 0.44); III 2.58 (0.74, 0.26, 0.63, 0.58, 0.38); IV 3.29 (0.91, 0.26, 0.89, 0.78, 0.46). Palp: Tibia short, armed with 1 stout retrolateral apophysis and 1 long strongly curved prolateral apophysis with scaly inner surface (Fig. 6G); with 1 prolateral and 2 retrolateral trichobothria (Fig. 6D). Paracymbium C-shaped, terminating in a blunt hook (Fig. 6G). Tegulum distal to subtegulum in unexpanded palp (Fig. 6G). Protegulum extended upwards to form 2 small triangular membranes (Fig. 6E). Suprategulum distally produced into 1 long pointed apophysis and 1 partly mem- branous apophysis (Fig. 7F). Embolic division (Fig. 7E, F): radix swollen; embolus very thick, with complicated apophyses along inner margin; tailpiece broad at base, abruptly narrowed to a pointed dorsal-curved apex. DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE (from Qingyuan): Carapace unmodified, similar to that of male in coloration. Total length 2.52. Carapace 1.14 long, 0.83 wide. Clypeus 0.17 high. AME diameter 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.10, PLE 0.09, AME interdistance 0.21 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 0.20 times ALE diameter, PME :inter- distance 0.38 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.41 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.71 long, 0.61 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.03 times their width. Chelicera with 4 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Tibia of leg I 6.22 times longer than deep. Tm 1 0.48, Tm IV present. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 2-2- 1-1. Leg measurements: I 3.43 (1.03, 0.31, 0.88, 0.73, 0.48); II 3.27 (0.98, 0.29, 0.84, 0.71,0.46); III 2.86 (0.83,0.29,0.70, 0.64, 0.39); IV 3.64 (1.02,0.29,0.98, 0.88, 0.48). Epigynum simple. Dorsal plate partly visible in ventral view (Fig. 7D) and elliptical in posterior view (Fig. 7C). Copulatory openings long and narrow, present at Junction of dorsal plate and ventral plate. Copulatory ducts enclosed in a simple sclerotized capsule (Fig. 7A, B). Spermathecae somewhat elliptical, separated from each other by about their maximum diameter (Fig. 7G), split visible in anterior part of vulva resulting from damage during dissection (Fig. 7A, B). VARIATION: 24 and 7? were measured. Total length varies from 2.23 to 2.38 in males, 2.52 to 3.83 in females. DISTRIBUTION: Korea, China (Liaoning Province). Walckenaeria karpinskii (O. P.-Cambridge, 1873) Figs 8-10 Erigone karpinskii O. P.-Cambridge, 1873: 447, pl. 41, fig. 12. MATERIAL EXAMINED: IZCAS, without registration number; 59 24; China, Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou City, Chicheng County, Dahaituo National Nature Reserve (40.90°N 115.83°E); collected by Q. Wang, Y. Song and G. Zheng; collected on 5.11.2005. DIAGNOSIS: W. karpinskii is similar to W. clavicornis and W. korobeinikovi Esyunin & Efimik, 1996, but can be distinguished by the shape of the palpal tibia (Fig. 9C, F; cf. Esyunin & Efimik, 1996: fig. 4a-f; Millidge, 1983: figs 261-266) and of the dorsal plate of the epigynum (Fig. 10D, E; cf. Esyunin & Efimik, 1996: fig. 5a-h). 188 Y. SONG & S. LI FIG. 8 Walckenaeria karpinskii; male from Hebei, China. (A) Distal part of left palp, prolateral view. (B) Embolic division, ventral view. (C) Same, dorsal view. (D) Distal part of suprategulum, ventral view (arrow indicating retrolateral groove). (E) Distal part of embolus (ventral view). (F) Distal part of left palp, ventral view. (G) Same, retrolateral view. Scale lines: 0.1 mm. WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 189 FIG. 9 Walckenaeria karpinskii; male from Hebeï, China. (A) Eye region, lateral view. (B) Same, fron- tal view. (C) Tibia of left palp, dorsomesal view. (D) Patella and femur of left palp, retrolateral view. (E) Left chelicera, posterior view. (F) Tibia of left palp, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.1 mm. RE-DESCRIPTION OF MALE (from Dahaituo National Nature Reserve): Total length 2.08. Carapace 0.98 long, 0.71 wide, orange-brown, with a stout horn in ocular area (Fig. 9A, B). Clypeus 0.20 high. AME diameter 0.04, ALE 0.07, PME 0.06, PLE 0.07, AME interdistance 0.46 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 0.38 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 0.50 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.55 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.58 long, 0.53 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.08 times their width. Chelicera chestnut-brown, with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 9E). Tibia of leg I 5.37 times longer than deep. Tm I 0.45, Tm IV present. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 2-2-1-1. Leg measurements: I 2.39 (0.76, 0.28, 0.46, 0.50, 0.23); II 2.38 (0.69, 0.27,0.58, 0.49, 0.35); II 2.06 (0.57,0.24, 0.47,0.44, 0.34); IV 2.79 (0.78, 0.25, 0.72, 0.63, 0.41). Palp: Patella length half of femur length (Fig. 9D). Tibia short, armed with 2 well-developed apophyses; retrolateral apophysis long, slightly curved, decorated interiorly with some unconspicuous teeth (Fig. 8F, G); prolateral apophysis biforked, strongly sclerotized, serrated distally (Fig. 9F); with 1 prolateral and 2 retrolateral trichobothria. Paracymbium C-shaped, with distal end hooked (Fig. 8G). Tegulum distal to subtegulum in unexpanded palp (Fig. 8F). Protegulum relatively flat (Fig. 8F). Suprategulum (Fig. 8D) terminating in strongly sclerotized point, this not visible in 190 Y. SONG & S. LI FiG. 10 Walckenaeria karpinskii; two females from Hebei, China. (A, B) Epigyna, ventral view. (C) Vulva, ventral view. (D, E) Epigyna, dorsal view. (F) Vulva, lateral view. (G) Same, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.1 mm. WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 191] unexpanded palp. À suprategular groove visible in unexpanded palp in retrolateral view (Fig. 8G). Embolic division: median membrane long and broad, enveloping distal end of long coiled embolus (Fig. 8B, C, G); tailpiece relatively short, strongly curved upwards, in prolateral view with a rounded piece extended upwards from anterior margin (Fig. 8A); embolus very broad at base, gradually narrowed towards the end, slightly sclerotized along inner margin (Fig. 8E, G). RE-DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE (from Dahaituo National Nature Reserve): Carapace unmodified, similar to that of male in coloration. Total length 2.22. Carapace 1.09 long, 0.77 wide. Clypeus 0.17 high. AME diameter 0.04, ALE 0.07, PME 0.06, PLE 0.07, AME interdistance 0.36 times their diameter, AME-ALE interdistance 0.38 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 0.60 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.47 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.66 long, 0.55 wide. Coxa IV interdistace 1.07 times their width. Chelicera with 5 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Tibia of leg I 3.96 times longer than deep. Tm 1 0.51, Tm IV present. Number of dorsal spines on tibiae of legs I-IV: 2-2-1-1. Leg measurements: I 2.48 (0.75, 0.29, 0.59, 0.49, 0.35); II 2.36 (0.70,0.28,0.55,0.47, 0.36); III 2.06 (0.61,0.26,0.45,0.43,0.31); IV 2.78 (0.78,0.28, 0.73,0:61,039). Dorsal plate of epigynum with 2 large linguiform scapes (Fig. 10A, B). Copulatory openings present at posterior end of linguiform scapes (Fig. 10D, E). Copulatory ducts enclosed in a sclerotized capsule, broad and wavelike at first (Fig. 10G), then continuously broadening into a pair of wide extensions with outer margin extended posteriorly (Fig. C, G), narrowing abruptly before entering into globular spermathecae (Fig. 10F, G). Fertilization ducts situated mesally (Fig. 10G). VARIATION: 5% and 24 were measured. Total length varies from 2.08 to 2.15 in males, 2.22 to 2.45 in females. Carapace length is 0.95 to 0.98 in males, 1.09 to 1.11 in females; width 0.69 to 0.71 in males, 0.77 to 0.78 in females. The species shows intraspecific variation in the shape of dorsal plate scape (Fig. 10A, B) and the anterior part of the vulva (Fig. I0OD, E). DISTRIBUTION: Holarctic. In China it was recorded in the provinces of Hebeï and Jilin (Song et al., 1999). HABITAT. The spiders were found in the leaf litter of a birch forest and a pine forest. Walckenaeria yunnanensis Xia, Zhang, Gao, Fei & Kim 2001 Figs 11-13 Walckenaeria yunnanensis Xia et al., 2001: 163, figs 8-13. PARATYPES: JLU, without registration number; 14 69; China, Yunnan Province, Dali City, Hudiequan Park (25.0°N 102.7°E); collected by J. Gao; collected on 26.07.1983. DIAGNOSIS: This species has a well-developed lamella but no tailpiece on the male palp (Figs 11A, 12D ). Palpal protegulum with 2 conspicuous membranous apo- physes (Fig. 11C). Distal suprategular apophysis rather robust basally, with several deep grooves on the basal inner side. Base of the embolic division unique, with 2 mem- braneous conspicuous apophyses (Fig. 12D). Cymbium with a large retrobasal process (Fig. 11D). In addition, the shape of female capsule, where the copulatory ducts are 192 Y. SONG & S. LI FiG. 11 Walckenaeria yunnanensis; male paratype. (A) Distal part of left palp, ventral view. (B) Same, dorsal view. (C) Same, prolateral view. (D) Same, retrolateral view. Scale lines: 0.2 mm. WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 193 FIG. 12 Walckenaeria yunnanensis; male paratype. (A) Carapace, dorsal view. (B) Same, lateral view. (C) Left chelicera, posterior view. (D) Distal part of left palp, anterior view. (E) Distal part of suprategulum, retrolateral view. Scale lines: 0.2 mm. embedded, is significantly different from known Walckenaeria species (Fig. 13A, B, F). Consequently W. yunnanensis can be very easily distinguished from other known Walckenaeria species. RE-DESCRIPTION OF MALE PARATYPE: Carapace 1.24 long, 0.96 wide, orange- brown, raised into a large hump in the middle of the thoracic part, as well as 2 shallow sulci on both sides of the hump (Fig. 12A, B). Clypeus 0.22 high. AME diameter 0.08, ALE 0.07, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME interdistance 0.56 times their diameter, AME- ALE interdistance 0.62 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 1.04 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.35 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.64 long, 0.64 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.23 times their width. Chelicera with 5 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 12C). Leg I and leg II missing. Tm IV present. Number of dorsal spines on tibia of leg IV: 2-2-1-1 (see Xia et al., 2001). Leg measurements: I missing; Il 3.76 (1.13, 0.28, 0.91, 0.88, 0.57); III missing; IV 3.62 (1.06, 0.28, 0.91, 0.91,0.45). 194 Y. SONG & S. LI FIG. 13 Walckenaeria yunnanensis; female paratype. (A) Vulva, ventral view. (B) Same, dorsal view. (C) Epigynum, dorsal view. (D) Same, ventral view. (E) Same, lateral view. (F) Vulva, anterior view. (G) Epigynum, posterior view. Scale lines: 0.2 mm. WALCKENAERIA FROM CHINA 195 Palp: Tibia short, with reduced distal apophysis (Fig. 11 A-D); with 1 prolateral and 2 retrolateral trichobothria (Fig. 11D). Paracymbium with strongly sclerotized black base and blunt, slightly hooked apex (Fig. 11D). Cymbium with distinct retro- basal process (Fig. 11D). Tegulum distal to subtegulum in unexpanded palp (Fig. 11A). Protegulum well developed (Fig. 11 A, C). Distal suprategular apophysis robust basally and gradually narrowing towards the tip (Fig. 12E), with several deep grooves on basal inner side. Embolic division: lamella large, widened distally (Fig. 11C); base of the embolic division membraneous, with 2 conspicuous apophyses distally (Fig. 12D); tailpiece absent (Fig. 12D); embolus broad, forming a long, wide coil (Fig. 12D). RE-DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE PARATYPE. Carapace unmodified, similar to that of male in coloration. Carapace 1.19 long, 0.94 wide. Clypeus 0.16 high. AME diameter 0.08. ALE 0.11, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09, AME interdistance 0.32 times their diameter. AME-ALE interdistance 0.29 times ALE diameter, PME interdistance 0.81 times their diameter, PME-PLE interdistance 0.40 times PLE diameter. Sternum 0.61 long, 0.61 wide. Coxa IV interdistance 1.24 times their width. Chelicera with 4 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Tibia of leg I 8.17 times longer than deep. Tm I 0.58, Tm IV absent. Number of dorsal spines on tibia of leg IV: 2-2-1-1. Leg measurements: I 3.71 (1.09, 0.28, 0.92, 0.86, 0.56); II 3.41 (0.96, 0.28, 0.83, 0.79, 0.54); III 2.88 (0.86, 0.27, 0.62, 0.67, 0.46); IV 3.54 (1.03, 0.26, 0.88, 0.86, 0.52). Dorsal plate totally exposed in ventral view (Fig. 13D) and a bit swollen in lateral view (Fig. 13E). Copulatory openings triangular, present between dorsal and ventral plate (Fig. 13D). Copulatory ducts enclosed in a slightly sclerotized spiral capsule (Fig. 13A, B, F). Spermathecae globular, separated from each other by a distance of more than 2 times their diameter (Fig. 13G). Fertilization ducts short, situated mesally (Fig. 13B). VARIATION. 5% were measured. Carapace length varies from 0.91 to 1.22 and width 0.78 to 0.94. REMARK. W. yunnanensis occupies an isolated position within Walckenaeria and may need to be separated into a distinct genus when similar new species are dis- covered. DISTRIBUTION. Hudiequan in Yunnan Province. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The manuscript benefited greatly from comments by Peter J. Schwendinger, Yuri M. Marusik (Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan), Andreï V. Tanasevitch (Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) and Xinping Wang (University of Florida, USA). Parts of the material studied were kindly provided by Jiuchun Gao (Jilin University, Changchun) and Hirotsugu Ono (National Science Museum, Tokyo). This study was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists - 31025023 and NSFC-30870271), by the National Science Fund for Fostering Talents in Basic Research (Special Subjects in Animal Taxonomy, NSFC-J0630964/J0109), by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-YW-Z-008/KSCX3-I107Z-0811), by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (MOST grant no. 2006FY 120100/2006FY 110500), and partly also by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (5082013). 196 Y. SONG & S. LI REFERENCES BLACKWALL, J. 1833. 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The genus Walckenaeria Blackwall (Araneae, Linyphidae). Zoologica Scripta 13: 135-153. HORMIGA, G. 2000. Higher level phylogenetics of erigonine spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Érigoninae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 609: 1-160. MARUSIK, Ÿ. M. & KOPONEN, S. 2000. New data on spiders (Aranei) from the Maritime Province, Russian Far East. Arthropoda Selecta 9: 55-68. MILLIDGE, À. F. 1983. The erigonine spiders of North America. Part 6. The genus Walckenaeria Blackwall (Araneae, Linyphidae). Journal of Arachnology 11: 105-200. PENG, X., Li, S. & ROLLARD, C. 2003. A review of the Chinese jumping spiders studied by Dr E. Schenkel (Araneae: Salticidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 110 (1): 91-109. PLATNICK, N. I. 2010. The world spider catalog, version 10.5, American Museum of Natural History, online at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html. (accessed: 21 May, 2010) SAITO, H. & IRIE, T. 1992. A new eyeless spider of the genus Walckenaeria (Araneae, Liny- phiidae) found in a limestone cave of southern Kyushu, southwest Japan. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 17: 20-22. SEO, B. K. 1991. Description of two new species of family Linyphiidae (Araneae) from Korea. Korean Arachnology 7: 35-41. SONG, D., ZHU M. & CHEN, J. 1999. The Spiders of China. Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp. TANASEVITCH, A. V. 2006. On some Linyphiidae of China, mainly from Taibai Shan, Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province (Arachnida: Araneae). Zootaxa 1325: 277-311. WUNDERLICH, J. 1972. Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Walckenaeria Blackwall 1833 unter besonde- rer Berücksichtigung der europäischen Subgenera und Arten (Arachnida: Araneae: Linyphuidae). Zoologische Beiträge 18: 371-427. XIA, Q., ZHANG, G., GAO, J., FEI, R. & KIM, J. 2001. Three new species of spiders of Erigoninae (Araneae: Lihyphiidae) from China. Korean Arachnology 17: 161-168. REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE 118 (1): 197-205; mars 2011 The genus Pronura (Collembola: Neanuridae) in South America, with descriptions of two new species and a barcode sequence for one of them José G. PALACIOS-VARGAS!, Louis DEHARVENG? & Cyrille A. D'HAESE? l Laboratorio de Ecologfa y Sistemätica de Microartrépodos, Depto. Ecologfa y Recursos Naturales, Fac. Ciencias, UNAM, 04510, México D. F., México. E-mail: troglolaphysa@hotmail.com 2 UMR CNRS 7205 "Origine, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité", Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP50-Entomologie, 45 rue Buffon, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. E-mails: deharven@mnhn.fr, dhaese@mnhn.fr The genus Pronura (Collembola: Neanuridae) in South America, with descriptions of two new species and a barcode sequence for one of them. - In this paper two new species of Pronura from South America are descri- bed and illustrated. Pronura gaucheri sp. n. from French Guyana has setae A,B,C and D of the antennofrontal setal group present; Ocp of the ocular group is absent; and a single ordinary microseta 1s present close to the sensilla on dorso-external tubercles of abdominal segments I-IT. Pronura paraguayana Sp. n. from Paraguay has setae A, B and D in the antenno- frontal setal group (C absent); Ocp of the ocular group 1s present; and two ordinary setae (including one macroseta) are present in the dorso-external setal group of abdominal segments I-IIT. In addition to the morphological descriptions, the mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase subunit I COI se- quence (barcode) of Pronura gaucheri sp. n. is provided. This the first time that a Collembola species is described along with its barcode sequence. Keywords: French Guyana - Paraguay - Neanurinae - DNA barcoding - COI. INTRODUCTION To date, the genus Pronura comprises 53 named species (Bellinger ef al., 2010). AI are recorded from tropical regions, but while Africa and southeast Asia host a large number of species (Cassagnau, 1996; Deharveng & Bedos, 1993), few are known from the Australian, southwestern Asian and American regions. Actually, the only South American record of the genus is Pronura amazonica, described from Brazil by Cassagnau & Pereira de Oliveira (1990). In this contribution, we describe two new species, one from French Guyana and the other from Paraguay. We also provide, for the first time in a taxonomic description of Collembola, the barcode for one of the new species. Manuscript accepted 09.06.2010 198 J. G. PALACIOS-VARGAS ET AL. MATERIAL AND METHODS This paper 1s based on material recently collected by Cyrille D'Haese during a CaFoTrop expedition in French Guyana and on material in the collections of the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève. AIT specimens were cleared and mounted in Marc-André IT or Hoyer’s medium. Drawings were done with a Leica MLS2 micro- scope using a drawing tube. Type material is deposited in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève (MHNG), Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris (MNHN). The terminology used in the text and tables follows Palacios-Vargas & Simén- Benito (2007) (partly derived from Deharveng, 1981, 1983) and D'Haese (2003). Abbreviations: Abd. I, first abdominal segment; Ant. IV, fourth antennal segment; setal group or tubercles: De, dorso-external, Di, dorso-internal, DL, dorso-lateral, L, lateral, VL, ventro-lateral; M, long macrosetae; m, microseta; Oca, anterior ocular setae; Ocm, median ocular setae; Ocp, posterior ocular setae; s, setae s (sensorial setae); S.g.d., dorsal guard sensillum of Ant. II; S.g.v., ventral guard sensillum of Ant. II. DNA was extracted from a 95% ethanol preserved specimen using a Qiagen DNeasy tissue extraction kit (Digestion overnight and re-suspension in 120 y1 of the elution buffer). Amplification was carried out in 25y1l volume reaction using Amersham Bioscience puReTaq Ready-To-Go PCR Beads. The thermocycler program consisted of an initial denaturing step at 94°C for 2 min, 5 amplification cycles with a 45°C annealing temperature (94°C for 40s, 45°C for 40s, 72°C for 1 min), 30 cycles with a 51°C annealing temperature, and a final step at 72°C for 5 min. PCR amplifi- cation and sequencing Were carried out with primers designed by Cyrille D'Haese in the BOEM Lab specifically for Collembola: LCO1490col (5' - WYT CDA CWA AYC RYA ARG AYA TYG G - 3') and HCO2198col (5' - TAN ACY TCN GGR TGN CCR AAR AAT CA - 3) RESULTS Pronura Delamare Debouteville, 1953 TYPE SPECIES: Pronura kilimandijarica Delamare Debouteville, 1953 DIAGNOSIS: Neanurinae, Paleonurini. No pigment. Dorsal tubercles not or only poorly developed. Usually no reticulations nor tertiary granulations. Maxilla needle-li- ke, mandible bidentate or tridentate. 2 + 2 unpigmented eyes, sometimes absent. Sensilla on Ant. IV subequal. Posterior tergites not fused. No cryptopygy. No additio- nal sensorial setae on the lateral group of abdominal tergites. Di setae, at least Dil, shifted towards De on Abd. V. Tibiotarsi without tenent hairs, unguis without tooth. Pronura gaucheri sp. n. Figs 1-7 HOLOTYPE: MNHN-EA010001 (GUY007); female on slide; French Guyana, Nouragues Field Station, Saut Pararé, 04°02.299' N, 052°40.303', W, 72 m asl; leaf litter at the bottom of a Lecitidacae, sifted and extracted in a Berlese-Tullgren apparatus; 23-1V-2009; leg. C. D’Haese. PARATYPES: MNHN-EA010002 (GUY007), except for one paratype in MHNG and one at UNAM:; three females, one male, one preadult male, four juveniles, all on slides; French Guyana, Nouragues Field Station, Saut Pararé, 4°02.299' N, 052°40.303', W, 72 m asl; leaf litter PRONURA SPECIES FROM SOUTH AMERICA 199 FIG. 1 Specimen of Pronura gaucheri sp. n. alive. This specimen is from the GUY038 locality and was barcoded. at the bottom of a Lecitidacae, sifted and extracted in a Berlese-Tullgren apparatus; 23-[V-2009; leg. C. D’Haese. OTHER MATERIAL: GUYO011, without registration numbers; 3 specimens; Saut Pararé, 4°02.293' N, 52°40.197' W, 64 m asl., dead branches and rotten log, sifted and extracted in a Berlese-Tullgren apparatus, CaFoTrop Expedition, 24-IV-2009; leg. D'Haese. —- GUYO035, without registration numbers; 2 specimens; French Guyana, Nouragues Field Station, Inselberg, 04°05.541" N,052°40.646' W, 165 m asl. Leaf litter accumulation on the “plateau” at the base of the Inselberg, sifted and put on a Berlese-Tullgren apparatus CaFoTrop Expedition; 30-[V-2009; leg. D'Haese. —- GUY038, 5 specimens (see Fig. 1), one voucher specimen deposited MNHN- EA010003; Inselberg. 4°05.793' N, 52°40.869' W, 407 m asl., summit forest, under bark and rotten logs, mouth aspirator, CaFoTrop Expedition; 01-V-2009; leg. D'Haese. ETYMOLOGY: This new species is cordially dedicated to Philippe Gaucher, director of the Nouragues Field Station (CNRS-Guyane). DIAGNOSIS: Head dorsally with seta C present, seta E absent and Ocp absent. One macroseta on De tubercles of Th. IT-IIT, none on De of Abd. I-IV. DESCRIPTION: Length (n = 4 adults) 0.59-0.94 mm. Color, white alive (Fig. 1). Secondary granules coarse; no tertiary granulation; tubercles indicated by coarser se- condary granules, often hardly distinct on head, stronger but weak on De and DL of Th. HIT, and well developed on DL from Abd. I to III. Three kinds of ordinary dorsal setae: large smooth macrosetae being blunt apically and finely sheathed (M), medium- size smooth setae with blunt tips (mesosetae) and acuminate microsetae (m). Sensorial setae (s) long and thin, subequal or slightly longer than closest macrosetae (Fig. 2). Ant. I with 7 setae, Ant. II with 11 setae. Ant. IIT sensorial organ with two globular sensilla in a cuticular fold, and two guard sensilla. S.g.v. almost straight and 200 J. G. PALACIOS-VARGAS ET AL. & 4 f …wŸ > Jvvu \ A je a NE NON ONNAn non Nnnnnann nn nn = =, rr=sec ww AC CE 1e CAE FIiGs 2-7 Pronura gaucheri Sp. n., female holotype. (2) Dorsal chaetotaxy. (3) Antennal segments I-IV in dorsal view. (4) Left ocular area. (5) Labrum. (6) Abdominal tergites V and VI. (7) Chaetotaxy of abdominal sternites II-V. bigger than s.g.d.; one ventro-external microsensillum. Ant. IV with 8 subequal sensilla (Fig. 3), twelve long and finely blunt setae (mou), one short acuminate seta (1) and a small subapical organ. No apical bulb differentiated. PRONURA SPECIES FROM SOUTH AMERICA 201 Head with 6 indistinctly or very weakly delimited tubercles, marked by larger secondary granulation, its chaetotaxy as in Fig. 2. Eyes 2 + 2, unpigmented, very small, of same size as surrounding secondary granules (Fig. 4). Mandibles bidentate, maxil- lae styletiform. Labrum elongate, rounded apically (Fig. 5). Labrum formula ?0/2 4. Labium with 4 basal, 3 distal and 3 lateral setae, without conspicuous x-papillae, typical for most Neanurinae (e.g. fig. 4D in D'Haese, 2003). Five setae Vi on ventral side of head. Tergite chaetotaxy as in Figs. 2 and Table 1. Abd. VI unilobed, with a single uneven, poorly differenciated tubercle (Fig. 6). TABLE 1. Dorsal chaetotaxy of Pronura gaucheri Sp. n.: tubercles inconspicuous on head. Setae number by setal groups. A-Head chaetotaxy (by setal group) Head setae Tubercles Number of Kind of setae Setae group setae CI+Af+Oc Æ 16 8M, 8m A, B,C, D, FG; Oca; Ocm Di - l M Dil De + 3 M, 2m Del, Di2, De2 DEL Æ 3 2M,m uncertain homologies L+So = 3 2M, Im uncertain homologies B-Tergite chaetotaxy (by setal group on half tergites) Thorax DI De DL L I me M.m M - Il M. 2m M.m+s 2M, m+s+ms M. 2m III M. 2m M.m+s M, 2m +s M. 2m Abdomen I M. m m+s M.m M.m Il M.m m+s M.m M, m III M.m m+s M.m M. m IV M,m 2M.m+s 2M,2m V 3M., 2m + s* m VI (7+7) * Di2 mesoseta, not shift laterally, but clearly part of a (Di+De+DL) tubercle Number of setae on legs I, IT and IIL: tibiotarsi: 18, 18 and 17 (M absent): femora: 12-13, 11-12, 10; trochanters: 5, 5, 5; coxae: 3, 7, 8; subcoxae 2: O, 1, 1. Unguis without tooth. Ventral tube with 4 + 4 setae. Furcal vestige with 3 setae and no microseta (Fig. 7). Female genital plate with 3 + 3 pregenital, 8 circumgenital and 2 eugenital setae (Fig. 7). Male genital plate with 3 + 3 pregenital, 5 circumgenital and 4 + 4 eugenital setae. Anal lobes with 10-11 setae Ve; 2 microsetae An on each anal valve. No modified ventral setae in male. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: Pronura gaucheri sp. n. is close to P. amazonica, the only species of the genus previously known from South America. P. gaucheri sp. n. differs mostly by the absence of macroseta Del on Abd. I-IIT, tubercle (De+DL) posterior (versus internal) to L on Abd. IV, and 1 anterior mesoseta (versus 2) between axis and 202 J. G. PALACIOS-VARGAS ET AL... sensilla of Abd. V. This last feature is also observed in the genus Paramanura Cassagnau, 1986, which includes a South-American species (P. najtae Cassagnau, 1986 from Venezuela, type species of the genus) and a Nepalese species (P. problema- tica Cassagnau, 1991). P. gaucheri differs from Paramanura taxa by the seta Di2 present and not shifted laterally on Abd. V, and by the dorso-external sensilla included in the (De+DL) tubercle of Abd. IV. The validity of the genus Paramanura has been questioned by Cassagnau himself (1991), and will be the subject of a further paper. DNA BARCODE: À 658bp fragment of the COI gene has been amplified and sequenced from a specimen (F1g. 1) of the GUY038 locality. The sequence has been deposited into the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) under accession number CDHOO0!-10 and in GenBank under the accession number JF411069. Pronura paraguayana Sp. n. Figs 8-14 HOLOTYPE: MHNG, without registration number; female on slide; Paraguay, Provincia Caaguazu. Rio Yujury, 17 km south of Yhu, sifting in tropical dry forest; 9-IV-1985; leg. expé- dition zoologique du Muséum de Genève. PARATYPES: MHNG., except for one paratype male in UNAM and one paratype female in MNEANP, without registration numbers; three females, two males, one preadult female, one juvenile, all on slides; collected together with the holotype. OTHER MATERIAL: MHNG, without registration numbers; one female, three juvenils; Paraguay, Provincia Caaguazu, 20 km north of Coronel Oviedo (10 km south of Carayou), sifting of litter and dead trunks: 9-IV-1985; leg. expédition zoologique du Muséum de Genève. ETYMOLOGY: The species name refers to the country of origin of the specimens examined (Paraguay). DIAGNOSIS: Head dorsally with C absent, E absent and Ocp present. Two macro- setae (Th. IT-IIT) and one macroseta (Abd. I-IV) on De tubercles of tergites. DESCRIPTION: Length (n = 6 adults) 0.76-1.08 mm. Color white. Granulation of the body fine, stronger on tubercles, these also indicated by tertiary granulation, mainly laterally and on Abd. V-VI. Tubercles De and DL developed, Di not developed from head to Abd. IV: tubercles of Abd. V-VI strongly developed. Two kinds of ordinary dorsal setae: thick, slightly barbulate macrosetae (M) and shorter, thinner, more bent and less barbulate microsetae (m). Sensorial setae (s) long and thin (Fig. 8). Ant. I with 7 setae, Ant. IT with probably 11 setae, the dorsal ones thicker and longer than the ventral ones. Ant. III sensorial organ with two globular sensilla in a cuticular fold, and two guard sensilla. S.g.v. almost straight and longer than S.g.d.; one ventral microsensillum. Ant. IV with 8 subequal sensilla, twelve long and finely blunt setae (mou), one short acuminate seta (1) and a small subapical organ. No apical bulb differentiated. Eyes 2 + 2, unpigmented, large (diameter three times that of surrounding secondary granules) (Fig. 9). Mandibles with 2 teeth, maxillae styliform. Head without well-developed tubercles. Labrum elongate, rounded apically (Fig. 10). Labrum formula ?/2,4. Labium with 4 basal, 3 distal and 3 lateral setae, without conspicuous x-papilla (Fig. 11). Five cephalic tubercles (Table 2). Head chaetotaxy as in Fig. 8. Seta D free. Tergite chaetotaxy as in Fig. 8 and Table 2. Tubercles of Abd. VI fused in a single, well differentiated tubercle (Fig. 12). PRONURA SPECIES FROM SOUTH AMERICA 203 Fics 8-14 Pronura paraguayana sp. n.. female holotype. (8) Dorsal chaetotaxy. (9) Left ocular area. (10) Labrum. (11) Labium. (12) Abdominal segments V and VI. (13) Tibiotarsus of leg II in ventral view. (14) Chaetotaxy of abdominal sternites II-VI (group of setae VL+L surrounded with dotted line). Number of setae on legs I, II and III: tibiotarsi: 18, 18 and 17 (M absent, Fig. 13); femora: ?12, ?, ?; trochanters: 6, 6, 6; coxae: 3, 7, 8; subcoxae 2: 0, 2, 2. Unguis without tooth. Tibiotarsi without tenent hairs (Fig. 13). 204 J. G. PALACIOS-VARGAS ET AL. TABLE 2. Dorsal chaetotaxy of Pronura paraguayana sp. n. Setae number by setal groups. A-Head chaetotaxy Head setae Tubercles Number Kind of Setae group of setae setae + + M,m FG Af + 4 M AB - 2 M D Oc + 3 M Oca, Ocm, Ocp Di - l M Dil De + k) M, m Det:D2;De2 DL+L+So + 12 SM, 7m uncertain homologies B-Tergite chaetotaxy (by setal group on half tergites) Thorax DI De DL LÉ I M M.m M Il M, 2m 2M,m+s 2M,m +s+ms M. 2m III M. 2m 2M,m+s 2M, m +s M. 2m Abdomen I M,m M, m +s M, m M.,2m Il M,m M. m +s M, m M. 2m III M.m M. m +s M.m M, 2m IV M. m 3M.m +5 SM. m V 4M, 2m + s* 3m** VI (7+7) * Di2 mesoseta, shift laterally; ** including VL Ventral tube with 4 + 4 setae. Furcal vestige with 4 setae and no microseta (Fig. 14). Female genital plate with 3+3 pregenital setae, 11-14 circumgenital setae and 2 eugenital setae (Fig. 14). Male genital plate with 3 + 3 pregenital setae, 10-12 circumgenital setae and 4 + 4 eugenital setae. Anal lobes with 12-13 setae Ve (Fig. 14); 2 microsetae An on each anal valve. No modified ventral setae in male. TAXONOMIC REMARKS: Pronura paraguayana Sp. n. differs from the other American species, P. amazonica and P. gaucheri Sp. n., by different chaetotaxic characters (see Table 3), and by the morphology of its macrosetae (barbulate and of relatively longer size versus smooth and rather short). TABLE 3. Comparative table of South-American species of Pronura and Paramanura Af Oc De De De+DL 1F Th. III Abd.I-II Abd IV Abd I-IT P. amazonica ABCD Oca, Ocm 2+S 2+S 3+S 2 P. gaucheri ABCD Oca, Ocm 2+S 1+S 3+S 2 P. paraguayana ABD Oca, Ocm, Ocp 3+S 2+S 4+S 3 Paramanura najtae ABD Oca, Ocm 2+S 1+S 4+S 2 PRONURA SPECIES FROM SOUTH AMERICA 205 ACKOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by grants from DGAPA, UNAM and the MNHN to the first author. Dr Peter Schwendinger (MHNG) kindly made available to us samples from South America which contained Neanurinae. Blanca Mejfa Recamier and Ricardo Iglesias made microscopic slides of the Paraguay specimens. The field trip to French Guyana was organized and funded by CaFoTrop-Energia. The laboratory work was done in the BoOEM Lab with ACI-JC5349 funding. We are indebted to the Nouragues Field Station (CNRS-Guyane) and its staff. Thanks also to the pedagogic team of Sainte-Ménehould, and last but not least, to Philippe Gaucher for providing assistance and good spirit in the field. Drs Adrian Smolis and Dariusz Skarzynski (Zoological Institute of Wroclaw University, Poland) reviewed the manuscript and gave construc- tive criticism. REFERENCES BELLINGER, P. F., CHRISTIANSEN, K. À. & JANSSENS, F. 2010. Checklist of the Collembola of the World. On line at http://www.collembola.org CASSAGNAU, P. 1986. Sur l’évolution des Neanurinae Paucituberculés à piè ces buccales réduites (Collemboles) (pp. 313-317). /n: DALLAI, R. (ed.). 27d International Seminar on Apterygota, Siena, Italy. CASSAGNAU, P. 1991. Les Collemboles Neanurinae de l'Himalaya Il: Paranurini et Paleonurini paucituberculés. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Écobiologie des Arthropodes Edaphiques, Toulouse 6(4): 1-20. CASSAGNAU, P. 1996. Collemboles Paleonurini primitifs d'Afrique et de Madagascar. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (N.S.) 32(2): 121-161. CASSAGNAU, P. & PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA, E. 1990. Les Collemboles Neanurinae d'Amérique du Sud. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle, Toulouse 126: 19-23. D'HAESE, C. A. 2003. Homology and morphology in Poduromorpha (Hexapoda, Collembola). European Journal of Entomology 101(3): 385-407. DEHARVENG, L. 1981. La chétotaxie dorsale de l'antenne et son intérêt phylogénétique chez les Collemboles Neanuridae. Nouvelle revue d'Entomologie 11(1): 3-13. DEHARVENG, L. 1983. Morphologie évolutive des Collemboles Neanurinae en particulier de la li- gnée neanurienne. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Ecobiologie des Arthropodes Edaphiques, Toulouse 4(2): 1-63. DEHARVENG, L. & BEDOS, A. 1993. New Paleonura and Pronura species (Collembola, Neanurinae) from Thailand. Zoologica Scripta 22(2): 183-192. PALACIOS-VARGAS, J. G. & SIMON BENITO, J. C. 2007. Three new species of Nahuanura (Collem - bola: Neanuridae) from México. Southwestern Entomologist 32(3): 169-175. nl 22 st N NICE sbant vil mn PR 2 He RAT SEEN ERREENSS se ie vahnodi SPA COTE "ArLUCET SAT OÙ RONÉSEURS 1 Me: + 10 inèst RU Let Hit Œ OelE ir man y sonde brreng doi tout) cit de, ait IrumisoSt fsaysarir Sauiecl OR Fhréand Bi URaR ir Hier arr mi Ent ra be Le + + us L N'PRIT TIMES [LAS ire iCuR. A 230 HAUSSE we! pee mextECr tee 20 coté F2 BCE secibremernl bé. ALIAS rm AL ds Le LA wiki | ant sisfz | ‘7 de Le 11 conti mon ir en A À DA, Li au AN D LL HR st al net PA Noer t: + p s VUDrELE 1 52 ÇA HOBTO AT sslodrastie 2! TRAIN CE a Nr PDG (ee: jh er tWw0! 4 A MVC AUOT F2 À 7! rit Aalseanod tete HAN Hi km La let VA. ER 2 rénale ni emnikp (R-Rr dr À Leu Ta domi Le noaLfn 1ère: sen Of ah 2) A E AT CE dv d eu LA à 11 L Ar à ARS (A : 2 N'ES A | | ‘ef ni , dep on, ten 2 RTE AA SOUS LUE LE 12 RS LES PO A aie A à Le PAT Et CA EICNS a À P 1 ANNEES “an Pro font (sabre \ | Lion ( . ete etui Pat 2e vd + : 1e tn nhaDE. - ».-@-1: Alel AA .PABSISS N . … = .- 1e 1 12e De à 48 © L & x Fe ME 2 S ht Lan Fe r DEA RO Le £ ! À. PORN. l 12, À + | PRES A P n LÈe LS , P os on | ve re k ; re. + REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE Tome 118 — Fascicule 1 ZRELLI, Sonia, BOUMAIZA, Moncef, BEJAOUI, Mustapha, GATTOLLIAT, Jean-Luc & SARTORI, Michel. New reports of mayflies (Insecta: Pa EN FUDESIA 4. =. ue is au die de Lea MAHNERT, Volker. Pseudoblothrus infernus Sp. n.(Pseudoscorpiones, Syari- nidae) from the Hôülloch cave (Schwyz, Switzerland), with new records of Pseudoblothrus strinatii Vachon from Switzerland and D RE OR EP RER MAHNERT, Volker. New records of pseudoscorpions from the Juan Fernandez Islands (Chile), with the description of a new genus an three new species of Chernetidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) . ....... KEHLMAIER, Christian. À new Eudorylas Aczél, 1940 from Central Asia hé te ne AM seine ou ote à à ee YANG, Ding & Li, Weïhai. New Platypalpus Macquart from Hubeiï, China (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) .............. TANASEVITCH, Andrei V. À new Agyneta Hull, 1911 from Iran (Araneae, LOUE a TE Sete NE RE TANASEVITCH, Andre V. On linyphiid spiders (Araneae) from the Eastern and Central Mediterranean kept at the Muséum d'histoire naturelle, ne OR ua 2 20/50 : YANG, Ding & Li, Welhaï. The New Species of Hybos Meigen from Oriental Crus (apierà, Empidoidea HybotidAe) - .. .....:....,... :.... KONTSCHAN, Jenô. New Uropodina records from Switzerland (Acari: Mesostigmata) with the description of Discourella helvetica n. sp... CUCCODORO, Giulio. Revision of the Neotropical types of Megarthrus Curtis, 1829 and description of two new species from Costa Rica and Pem(Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteimimae).. 2, ..:.......,... SORGER, Daniela Magdalena. Redescription and history of Vombisidris Jacobson: (Forel, 1915) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) . . .. ......... CHIRIO, Laurent, INEICH, Ivan, SCHMITZ, Andreas et TRAPE, Jean-François. Note sur la systématique de quelques espèces du genre Prosymna Gray, 1849 en Afrique au Nord de l’équateur (Serpentes, Pro - RL Le AU. th à amie a don SONG, Yanjing & Li, Shuqiang. Notes on Walckenaeria species (Araneae: ne ro CIN 08 ee à ous 2h dm ma icate «Papers ei N ee pinie PALACIOS-VARGAS, José G., DEHARVENG, Louis & D’HAESE, Cyrille A. The genus Pronura (Collembola: Neanuridae) in South America, with descriptions of two new species and a barcode sequence for one of them Pages 3-10 11-15 17-29 31-37 39-44 45-48 49-91] 93-98 99-106 107-147 148-155 157-173 175-196 197-205 REVUE SUISSE DE ZOOLOGIE Volume 118 — Number 1 ZRELLI, Sonia, BOUMAIZA, Moncef, BEJAOUI, Mustapha, GATTOLLIAT, Jean-Luc & SARTORI, Michel. New reports of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera)ffrom"Pümis. Re EP RR RRR R MAHNERT, Volker. Pseudoblothrus infernus Sp. n. (Pseudoscorpiones, Syari- nidae) from the Hülloch cave (Schwyz, Switzerland), with new records of Pseudoblothrus strinatii Vachon from Switzerland and France PR MAHNERT, Volker. New records of pseudoscorpions from the Juan Fernandez Islands (Chile), with the description of a new genus an three new species of Chernetidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) ........ KEHLMAIER, Christian. À new Eudorylas Aczél, 1940 from Central Asia (Diptera PIpUunE dar RENE PS EP YANG, Ding & Li, Weïhai. New Platypalpus Macquart from Hubei, China (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) .............. TANASEVITCH, Andrei V. À new Agyneta Hull, 1911 from Iran (Araneae, LinyphndaeMieronietinae) RES EP RS EE TANASEVITCH, Andreï V. On linyphiid spiders (Araneae) from the Eastern and Central Mediterranean kept at the Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Geneva ns, DORE RE PP YANG, Ding & Li, Welhai. The New Species of Hybos Meigen from Oriental China (Diptera Empidotdea"Aybotidae) ER ee KONTSCHAN, Jen6. New Uropodina records from Switzerland (Acari: Mesostigmata) with the description of Discourella helvetica n. sp... CUCCODORO, Giulio. Revision of the Neotropical types of Megarthrus Curtis, 1829 and description of two new species from Costa Rica and Peru (Cooper Saphyhmdae/"Protémnae) PR SORGER, Daniela Magdalena. Redescription and history of Vombisidris jacobsoni (Forel; 1915) (ymenoptera; Formicidae)" "7 CHIRIO, Laurent, INEICH, Ivan, SCHMITZ, Andreas et TRAPE, Jean-François. Note sur la systématique de quelques espèces du genre Prosymna Gray, 1849 en Afrique au Nord de l’équateur (Serpentes, Pro- symnidae) à: URSS ET SONG, Yanjing & Li, Shuqiang. Notes on Walckenaeria species (Araneae: Linyphida "rom CRAN RP PE PALACIOS-VARGAS, José G., DEHARVENG, Louis & D’HAESE, Cyrille A. The genus Pronura (Collembola: Neanuridae) in South America, with descriptions of two new species and a barcode sequence for one of thèm . . 1 PR RON Indexed in CURRENT CONTENTS, SCIENCE CITATION INDEX Pages 3-10 11-15 17-29 31-37 39-44 45-48 49-91] 93-98 99-106 107-147 148-155 157-173 175-196 197-205 PUBLICATIONS DU MUSEUM D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE DE GENÈVE CATALOGUE DES INVERTEBRES DE LA SUISSE, NOS 1-17 (1908-1926) ........ série Fr. (prix des fascicules sur demande) A OE PALÉCRIOL DOG... 4... lieu. Echange ou par fascicule Fr. LE RHINOLOPHE (Bulletin du centre d’étude des chauves-souris) . ...... par fascicule Fr. 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SCHMIDT SPONGE CATALOGUE PDESOUEYROUX-FAUNDEZ € SNL STONE, 190 p., 1992...,..,:...:....,....... à ET: ATLAS DE RÉPARTITION DES AMPHIBIENS ET REPTILES DU CANTON DE GENEVE D RR PETEEN SV MARNERTE 486 p, 1993... ::...:.,1. 2.4... Fr. THE MARINE MOLLUSKS OF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS: A DOCUMENTED FAUNAL LIST em ea mine» and taie à da a pa ma Fr. NOTICE SUR LES COLLECTIONS MALACOLOGIQUES DU MUSEUM D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE DE GENEVE Re nd se De D «9e eva me Ga Dm on ms diute ee nine Fr. PROCEEDINGS OF THE XIlIth INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ARACHNOLOGY, Geneva 1995 (ed. V. MAHNERT), 720 p. (2 vol.), 1996 ...... Fr. CATALOGUE OF THE SCAPHIDIINAE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE) Cnsrarrente Biodiversiianis D'T'EOBL, x 190:p., 1997 :............,........ Er. CATALOGUE SYNONYMIQUE ET GEOGRAPHIQUE DES SYRPHIDAE (DIPTERA) DE LA REGION AFROTROPICALE (Instrumenta Biodiversitatis Il), H. G. DIRICKX, x +187 p., 1998 ..... ............ Fr. A REVISION OF THE CORYLOPHIDAE (COLEOPTERA) OF THE WEST PALAEARCTIC REGION (/nstrumenta Biodiversitatis NT), S. BOWESTEAD, 203 p., 1999 ................... Fr. THE HERPETOFAUNA OF SOUTHERN YEMEN AND THE SOKOTRA ARCHIPELAGO (Instrumenta Biodiversitatis IV), B. SCHATTI & A. DESVOIGNES, nn on date du ete 2 4/40 ve vois oo tune Fr. PSOCOPTERA (INSECTA): WORLD CATALOGUE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY (Instrumenta Biodiversitatis V), C. LIENHARD & C. N. SMITHERS, nn a ne meme Dee nu mnt Fr. REVISION DER PALAARKTISCHEN ARTEN DER GATTUNG BRACHYGLUTA THOMSON, 1859 (COLEOPTERA, STAPHYLINIDAE) (1. Teil) (Instrumenta Biodiversitatis VI), G. SABELLA, CH. BÜCKLE, V. BRACHAT RE NE 20 DD us agen» aus sesve o Fr. PHYLOGENY, TAXONOMY, AND BIOLOGY OF TEPHRITOID FLIES (DIPTERA, TEPHRITOIDEA) Proceedings of the “3rd Tephritoid Taxonomist’s Meeting, Geneva, 19.-24. July 2004” ({nstrumenta Biodiversitatis VIT). B. 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However, in the list of references they should be formatted in SMALL CAPITALS (see below). The list of references must include all publications cited in the text and only these. References must be listed in alphabetical order of authors, in the case of several papers by the same author, the name has to be repeated for each reference. The title of the paper and the name of the journal must be given in full in the following style: PENARD, E. 1888. Recherches sur le Ceratium macroceros. Thèse, Genève, 43 pp. PENARD, E. 1889. Etudes sur quelques Héliozoaires d’eau douce. Archives de Biologie 9: 1-61. MERTENS, R. & WERMUTH, H. 1960. Die Amphibien und Reptilien Europas. Kramer, Frankfurt am Main, XI + 264 pp. HANDLEY, C. O. Jr 1966. Checklist of the mammals of Panama (pp. 753-795). /n: WENZEL, R. L. & TIPTON, V. J. (eds). Ectoparasites of Panama. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. XII + 861 pp. Tables. 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Scanned line drawings must be saved as TIF files in bitmap mode with a resolution of at least 600 dpi. Half tone illustrations and photos must have at least 300 dpi reso- lution. Legends to figures. These should be typed in numerical order on a separate sheet. Proofs. Only page proofs are supplied, and authors may be charged for alterations (other than printer’s errors) 1f they are numerous. Offprints. Each author will receive a pdf offprint free of charge. Paper offprints may be purchased if ordered on the form sent with the proof. Correspondence. AI correspondence should be addressed to Revue suisse de Zoologie, Muséum d'histoire naturelle, CP 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland. Phone: +41 22 418 63 33 - Fax: +41 22 418 63 O1. E-mail: danielle.decrouez @ ville-ge.ch Home page RSZ: http://www. ville-ge.ch/mhng/publication03.php vue suisse . IN (I Aueri n Muse 100191526 phare Received on: @4-19-11